How does Audio Amplifier Circuit work?

 The circuit works in the basic concept of Transistors.

 Low-frequency audio signals came from Audible devices. This signal is too low to hear with a
Speaker.
 Here one transistor is used so it means it can only give the mono output. If you need Sterio
output then you have to use 2 IRFZ44N N-Channel MOSFETS.
 Suppose we are talking about the left signal. The left signal has 2 wires one is a Left Signal
Wire and another is GND. The GND wire is same for both Left and Right channels. But the
channel wire is different for different channels.
 The signal wire goes into the Transistor’s Gate Pin. Now the Transistor Switches On and off for
the consequent frequencies. For this, the Transistor’s Drain and Source voltage differ.
 For this, the small signals will be amplified. And the bandwidth will also be high. Now We can
hear the loud sound from the speaker.

Notes:
This is a simple Circuit. So there are some disadvantages of the circuit. That’s why this circuit is not for
practical application purposes.
1. There is no noise cancellation in the circuit. So, you will find extra humming noise in the
amplifier.
2. This amplifier can give you hearable sound but not too much loud sound.
3. This is a Mono amplifier. You can make it Stereo by just using the same another circuit.
4. There is too much loss in the circuit. This is not power efficient. So nowadays Home theaters
and other Music Systems use Class D amplifier. The Class D amplifier has an efficiency of 80
to 90%.
5. The Basic and popular class D amplifier is PAM8403. It can drive 2, 5W Speakers with ease. It
can give a maximum of 10W outputs. And the main thing is that the board doesn’t need high
voltages. It can run with 3v to 5V Power. It is great for portable Bluetooth Speaker Systems.
But all in all, it is a great circuit for a hobbyist. They can practice the circuits for fun.