VIRTUAL HOUR AU-4- Forced and Free Convection

September 23, 2019

1. SAE oil is heated by flowing through a circular tube of 50 mm diameter and 25
m length and whose surface is maintained at 150°C. (a) If the flow rate and inlet
temperature of the oil are 0.5 kg/s and 20°C, what is the outlet temperature Tm,o?
What is the total heat transfer rate q for the tube? (b) For flow rates in the range
0.5, compute and plot the variations of Tm,o and q with mass flow rate. For what
flow rate(s) are q and Tm,o maximized? Explain your results.
Reference: Heat transfer by J.P. Holman
(Ans : Tm,o=35°C, q=15.98 kW)
2. A hot fluid passes through a thin-walled tube of 10-mm diameter and 1-m length,
and a coolant at T 25°C is in cross flow over the tube. When the flow rate is
m=18 kg/h and the inlet temperature is Tm,i 85°C, the outlet temperature is
Tm,o 78°C. Assuming fully developed flow and thermal conditions in the tube,
determine the outlet temperature, Tm,o, if the flow rate is increased by a factor
of 2. That is, m =36 kg/h, with all other conditions the same. The thermophysical
properties of the hot fluid are density= 1079 kg/m3, cp =2637 J/kg K, absolute
viscosity=0.0034 Ns/m2, and k =0.261 W/m K.
Reference: Heat transfer by Incropera
(Ans : Tm,o=81.4°C)
3. A thin-walled tube with a diameter of 6 mm and length of 20 m is used to carry
exhaust gas from a smoke stack to the laboratory in a nearby building for
analysis. The gas enters the tube at 200°C and with a mass flow rate of 0.003
kg/s. Autumn winds at a temperature of 15°C blow directly across the tube at a
velocity of 5 m/s. Assume the thermophysical properties of the exhaust gas are
those of air. (a) Estimate the average heat transfer coefficient for the exhaust
gas flowing inside the tube. (b) Estimate the heat transfer coefficient for the air
flowing across the outside of the tube. (c) Estimate the overall heat transfer
coefficient U and the temperature of the exhaust gas when it reaches the
laboratory.
Reference: Heat transfer by Incropera
(Ans : hi=409W/m2K, ho=93.4W/m2K, , Tmo=15°C)
 VIRTUAL HOUR AU-4- Forced and Free Convection
September 23, 2019
4. A cylindrical stone mix concrete beam of diameter D = 0.6 m initially at Ti = 25°C is
exposed to hot gases at T∞ = 450°C. The convection coefficient is h = 30 W/m2K.
(a) Find the middle temperature of the beam after 6 h. (b) Determine the surface temperature
of a beam at r =0.2 m from centre. (c) Determine the surface temperature of a beam at r
=0.2 m from periphery. (d) Find the total heat transfer along the beam. (e) Find the
instantaneous heat flow at surface of the concrete beam per unit length.
5. Brine with temperature of 38°C and velocity of 4.8 m/s flows over the flat plate 60 cm
X 60 cm and its surface exposed to atmosphere. Determine (a) Hydrodynamic and
thermal boundary layer thickness at the leading edge. (b) Hydrodynamic and thermal
boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge. (c) The local heat flux and wall shear
stress at x=20 cm from leading edge (d) The local heat flux and wall shear stress at the
trailing edge. (e) The drag force and heat transfer per unit length of the plate.

(Solve and submit the answers on before CAT2)