APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

List and Uses of Apparatus

1. Fluid flow apparatus-A floor standing apparatus to allow students to investigate the

phenomena of laminar, transitional and turbulent flows in pipe systems.

2. Mercury manometer-It consists of a U-shaped glass tube with one end open to the

atmosphere, mercury in the bottom of the U and the gas to be measured in the other side

of the U-tube. It is used to record or control difference of pressure or fluid flow.

3. Thermometer- used to measure ambient temperature.

 APPEDIX B

Definition of Terms

1. Fluid flow- is a part of fluid mechanics and deals with fluid dynamics. Fluids such as

gases and liquids in motion are called as fluid flow.

2. Volumetric flow rate-of a system is a measure of the volume of fluid passing a point in

the system per unit time.

3. Tee Pipe- type of pipe fitting which is T-shaped having two outlets, at 90° to the

connection to the main line. It is a short piece of pipe with a lateral outlet. Pipe Tee is

used to connect pipelines with a pipe at a right angle with the line.

4. Elbow Pipe- An elbow is a pipe fitting installed between two lengths of pipe or tubing to

allow a change of direction, usually a 90° or 45° angle, though 22.5° elbows are also

made.

5. Control valve- manipulates a flowing fluid, such as gas, steam, water, or chemical

compounds, to compensate for the load disturbance and keep the regulated process

variable as close as possible to the desired set point.

6. Mercury manometer- measures gas pressure as the height of a fluid column of

mercury or oil that the gas sample supports.

7. Pump- to force liquid or gas to move somewhere