Aim: To study the Ultrasonic test for detection of flaws in a material.

Principle:
Refection of the ultrasonic radiation from the discontinuities present is the main
principle of this test. The discontinuity refers to the presence of defect or flaw in
the given specimen.

Theory:
Ultrasonic is one of the non-destructive methods of inspection of components
and raw materials. The ultrasonic waves reflect back from the bottom of metal
piece hole in a casting or material represents an obstacle to sound wave and acts
as a reflector and thus given electrical signal which is to be proceed. Every such
reflected signal electronically processed and display on CRT small, henceforth
be refined to as an echo. The presence of obstacle or any discontinuity can be
detected very effectively by this method. The usual display of presence of crack
can be observed on CRT screen.

Apparatus:
Ultrasonic Flaw detector, Glycerin solution, sample metal with defect.

Procedure:
1. Clean the surface of sample and apply glycerin as a thin layer.
2. Switch on detector and observe the second peak on CRO.
3. Adjust the horizontal distance between two peaks such that the first
appear at zero and second on X-axis.
4. The horizontal distinction between two peaks is twice the thickness of the
sample.
5. Clean the surface of sample with probe and observe the intermediate
peaks.