BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, Pilani

Pilani Campus

ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION FORM

FIRST SEMESTER 2019-2020
COURSE NO.: CE F312 & COURSE TITLE: HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING

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 BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCEIENCE, PILANI
FIRST SEMESTER 2019-2020
Course No.: CE F312 Hydraulics Engineering
Assignment I
Last date of Submission: 20th November 2019
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Note: (i) Attempt all questions.
(ii) Make necessary assumptions, if required.
(iii) Take ‘XYZ’ = last 3 digits of your ID. No. in general if it is not specified.
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Q.1 Analyze the network (i.e. determine unknown heads and discharges in the network) shown in Figure below using the
Darcy-Weisbach formula for the head loss in pipes and the Swamee-Jain explicit relationship for the friction
0.25
coefficient i.e. f 2
. The pipe details are as given in the Table below. Three points on the
  k 5.74 
log  3.7D  0.9 
  Re 
head-discharge curve for the pump have the following discharge to head characteristics: 0.1 m3/s – 11.89 m; 0.2 m3/s –
11.01 m; and 0.3 m3/s – 9.37 m, respectively. Take kinematic viscosity (v) of water at 200C, which is equal to 1.00
 10-6 m2/s.
Table 1: Pipe details
Pipe Length (m) Diameter (mm) Roughness height (mm)
(1) (2) (3) (4)
1 300 300 0.20
2 400 200 0.25
3 400 150 0.25
4 150 150 0.25
5 150 200 0.25
6 150 150 0.30
7 500 350 0.20

Fig. Q.1

Q.2 In a long rectangular channel of width b = 3.0 m (Fig. Q.2), uniform flow occurs with discharge Q = X.YZ m3/sec and
depth y0 = 0.5 m. At the end of the channel the flow is terminated by a free outfall. In addition, at the outlet the channel
width is reduced to b1 = 1.5 m for a very short distance. Determine and describe as completely as possible the changes
that take place in the water surface between locations A and B. Use specific energy diagram for illustration.

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 Fig. Q.2

Q.3 For the pipe network given in Fig. Q.3, (a) determine the flow distribution in each pipe with direction and (b)
piezometric heads at the junctions using the Hardy Cross method of solution. Assume that losses are proportional to
Q2. If last three numbers of your ID No. is between 0 and 100, take ‘XYZ’ = last 3 numbers of your ID. No. However,
if last three numbers of your ID No. lie between 340 and 570, assume ‘XXX’ = 0.20 times of last 3 numbers of your ID
No. (c) Explain under what circumstances is it required to provide a pump for this pipe network. Also explain what
kind of data is required if you need to install a pump in this network. How would you analyze it if a pump is
included in this network? Please state any additional assumptions if required, and explain the solution of the
problem in your own words.
Assume head at A = XYZ in m; Head at B = 60% of XYZ in m; Demand at F = 3 times of XYZ in Liters/sec; Demand
at G = 3 times of XYZ in Liters/sec;

Figure Q.3

Q.4 A 60.0m long pipe with a diameter of 0.03m is used to circulate water at 25 °C from a large tank through a filter and
back to the tank as shown in Figure Q.4. The power added to the water by the pump is 270 N. m/sec. Determine the
flow rate through the filter. Take k/D = 0.01 for the pipe and dynamic viscosity of fluid = 1.12 x 10 -3 N.Sec/m2 where k
= average height of protrusions in the pipe. In your solution, use all possibilities to determine the Darcy friction factor
(f). What type of fluid flow problem is it? Use the most suitable relation, and compare the results from each
method. What is the most accurate method and why? In your submission, state your assumptions and show all
analysis procedures. Comment on your final answer. (You may consider power added to the water by the pump
  ρgQh ).
Wp p

Figure Q.4
Q.5 Please refer a paper on “Graph-Theoretical Models for Pipe Network Analysis” by H. K. Kesavan, and M.
Chandrashekar in ASCE Journal of Hydraulics Division, Vol. 98, No. Hy2, pp. 345-364, February 1972. In this paper
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 Graph-theoretic models were developed for the analysis of nonlinear pipe networks. Both symbolic formulation
procedures as well as illustrative examples were presented. The topological information contained in the continuity
equations together with the component characteristics are used to derive the minimum set of independent equations in a
systematic manner. In contrast to conventional methods, the nonlinearities associated with components in the network
are treated as an integral part of the formulation procedures and thus they do not require any special treatment. One of
the main advantages of the graph-theoretic approach is that the formulation procedure is independent of the numerical
technique used to solve the resulting set of nonlinear equations. In other words, once the equations are formulated, a
suitable numerical method for solution can be chosen. The graph-theoretic formulation procedures are highly computer
worthy.
Analyze the pipe network given below using Graph-theoretic models as discussed in the above paper by taking all
input data same as given in the paper except Qin and Qout. Compare the results with Hardy Cross method. What are
your findings? Discuss point wise.
Qin = xxx, in m3/sec Qout2 = 75% of xxx, in m3/sec

Qout1 = 25% of xxx, in m3/sec

Q.6 Suppose a new water supply lines are to be laid in BITS campus. Fig. below shows the various zones of the campus
and the fictitious population in each zone. The pipe-lines are to be laid in dead end type. The average requirement of
the town is 175 liters/day/capita. Design the sizes of the distribution pipes AB, BC, CD and DE with the following data
and using Nomograph for Hazen-William’s formula for C=100:
(i) Take the population for design as given in the Figure.
(ii) The reduced level of the bottom of the service reservoir (Over Head Tank) is 185.5 m and assume that OHT is very
near to Point A and there is no friction loss between OHT and point A.
(iii) The reduced level of the pipe points on the main road are: at A 168.0m, at B 154.0 m, at C 146.0 m, at D 146 m and at
E is 140.0 m.
(iv) The assumed length of pipe AB is 700 m, pipe BC is 500 m, pipe CD is 800 m, and that of DE is 1000 m.
(v) The distribution system should be designed for a maximum demand of 3 times the average demand.
(vi) The minimum pressure head to be maintained at any point in the distribution system should be 15.0 m.

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 Coop 200 BET 100 MB 900

VFAST+SQ
500 MC 150 VY 250 BSV 200
SQ

CVR 200 Gym 50 SK 250 BBV 1000 2500

OHT
A B C D E

AK 200 BG 250 GN 250 BD 250

450

RP 200 VK 250 KR 250 RM 250

ML, MLE &
SAC

UCO 100 WS 100 FDII 200 FDIII 200

50 FDI 200 SR 425

PO SL 200

TE 50 Lib 500

Q.7 A certain part of cast iron piping of a water distribution system involves a parallel section. Both parallel pipes have a
diameter of 30 cm, and the flow is fully turbulent. One of the branches (pipe A) is 1000 m long while the other branch
(pipe B) is 3000 m long. If the flow rate through pipe A is 0.4 m3/s, determine the flow rate through pipe B. Disregard
minor losses and assume the water temperature to be 15 0C. Show that the flow is fully turbulent, and thus the friction
factor is independent of Reynolds number. Assume that the density and dynamic viscosity of water at 15°C are ρ =
999.1 kg/m3 and μ =1.138×10-3 kg/m⋅s. The roughness of cast iron pipe is k = 0.00026 m.

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 -----End of Assignment I-----

Evaluative Assignment Sheet I on Pipe Network and OCF CE F312: Hydraulic Engineering