TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFFESIONAL

STUDIES

TALLY ERP 9,6.5.4

BATCH 2018-2021

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

RITU CHAUHAN Mrs.NEHA

DHAWAN
Enrollment no: 41324088818

BCOM (HONS)

3rdSEMESTER, 2ndSHIFT

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 INDEX

S.NO. TOPICS PAGE SIGN.

1 INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING 4-15

2 INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING 16-17

SOFTWARE

3 INTRODUCTION TO TALLY 18-28

4 INTRODUCTION TO GST & GST IN 29-36

TALLY

5 JOURNAL ENTRIES 36-39

6 SOLUTION 40-42

7 DESKTOP ICON 43

8 COMPANY INFO. SCCREEN 44

9 COMPANY CREATION 45

10 CHOOSE/SELECT COMPANY 46

11 GATEWAY OF TALLY 47

12 (Alt + F2) CHANGE IN PERIOD 48

13 (F2) CHANGE IN DATE 49

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14 (F11) COMPANY FEATURES 50

15 (F3) GST DETAILS 51-52

16 ACCOUNTING INFO. 53-54

17 ACCOUNT GROUP 55

18 LEDGER 56-58

19 INVENTORY INFO. 59-60

20 STOCK GROUPS 61

21 UNITS OF MEASURE 62

22 STOCK ITEMS 63

23 ACCOUNTING VOUCHERS 64-70

24 INVENTORY VOUCHERS 71-73

25 BRS 74-78

26 DISPLAY 79

27 STATUTORY REPORTS (GST – GSTR 2) 80-83

28 RATIO ANALYSIS 84

29 PROFIT & LOSS A/C 85

30 BALANCE SHEET 86

31 SHORTCUT KEYS 87-88

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 INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING

Accounting is the process of recording financial transactions pertaining to a

business. The accounting process includes summarizing, analyzing, and reporting
these transactions to oversight agencies, regulators, and tax collection entities.
The financial statements used in accounting are a concise summary of financial
transactions over an accounting period, summarizing a company's operations,
financial position, and cash flows. Accounting is one of the key functions for
almost any business. It may be handled by a bookkeeper or an accountant at a
small firm, or by sizable finance departments with dozens of employees at larger
companies. The reports generated by various streams of accounting, such as cost
accounting and managerial accounting, are invaluable in helping management
make informed business decisions.

The financial statements that summarize a large company's operations, financial

position, and cash flows over a particular period are concise and consolidated
reports based on thousands of individual financial transactions. As a result, all
accounting designations are the culmination of years of study and rigorous
examinations combined with a minimum number of years of practical accounting
experience.While basic accounting functions can be handled by a bookkeeper,
advanced accounting is typically handled by qualified accountants who possess
designations such as Certified Public Accountant (CPA) or Certified Management
Accountant (CMA) in the United States. In Canada, the designations are
Chartered Accountant (CA), Certified General Accountant (CGA), and Certified
Management Accountant (CMA); however, all three will be unified under the
designation Chartered Professional Accountant (CPA) in the near future.

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Financial Accounting
Financial accounting refers to the processes used to generate interim and annual
financial statements. The results of all financial transactions that occur during an
accounting period are summarized into the balance sheet, income
statement, and cash flow statement. The financial statements of most companies
are audited annually by an external CPA firm. For some, such as publicly traded
companies, audits are a legal requirement. However, lenders also typically require
the results of an external audit annually as part of their debt covenants. Therefore,
most companies will have annual audits for one reason or another.

Managerial Accounting
Managerial accounting uses much of the same data as financial accounting, but it
organizes and utilizes information in different ways. Namely, in managerial
accounting, an accountant generates monthly or quarterly reports that a business's
management team can use to make decisions about how the business operates.
Managerial accounting also encompasses many other facets of accounting,
including budgeting, forecasting, and various financial analysis tools. Essentially,
any information that may be useful to management falls underneath this umbrella.

Cost Accounting
Just as managerial accounting helps businesses make decisions about
management, cost accounting helps businesses make decisions about costing.
Essentially, cost accounting considers all of the costs related to producing a
product. Analysts, managers, business owners and accountants use this
information to determine what their products should cost. In cost accounting,
money is cast as an economic factor in production, whereas in financial

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accounting, money is considered to be a measure of a company's economic
performance.

Requirements for Accounting

In most cases, accountants use generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)

when preparing financial statements in the United States. GAAP is a set of
standards and principles designed to improve the comparability and consistency
of financial reporting across industries. Its standards are based on double-entry
accounting, a method in which every accounting transaction is entered as both a
debit and credit in two separate general ledger accounts that will roll up into the
balance sheet and income statement.

Example of Accounting

To illustrate double-entry accounting, imagine a business sends an invoice to one

of its clients. An accountant using the double-entry method records a debit to
accounts receivables, which flows through to the balance sheet, and a credit to
sales revenue, which flows through to the income statement.

When the client pays the invoice, the accountant credits accounts receivables and
debits cash. Double-entry accounting is also called balancing the books, as all of
the accounting entries are balanced against each other. If the entries aren't
balanced, the accountant knows there must be a mistake somewhere in the general
ledger.

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TYPES OF ACCOUNTS

1. Real Accounts

All assets of a firm, which are tangible or intangible, fall under the category “Real
Accounts“.

Tangible real accounts are related to things that can be touched and felt
physically. Few examples of tangible real accounts are building, machinery,
stock, land, etc.

Intangible real accounts are related to things that can’t be touched and felt
physically. Few examples of such real accounts are goodwill, patents, trademarks,
etc.

Golden rule for real accounts

Debit what comes in

Credit what goes out

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Example

The transaction below shows the interaction of two different real accounts:
one is furniture and the other is cash, both of them are assets of the company and
hence classified as real accounts.

Purchased furniture for 10,000 in cash

Accounts Involved Debit/Credit Rule Applied

Furniture A/C Debit Real A/C – Dr. what comes in

To Cash A/C Credit Real A/C – Cr. what goes out

*Amount will be 10,000 in both debit and credit.

2. Personal Accounts

These accounts are related to individuals, firms, companies, etc. A few examples
of personal accounts include debtors, creditors, banks, outstanding/prepaid
accounts, accounts of credit customers, accounts of goods suppliers, capital,
drawings, etc.

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Natural personal accounts: This type of personal accounts is the simplest to
understand out of all and includes all of God’s creations who have the ability to
deal, who, in most cases, are people. E.g. Kumar’s A/C, Adam’s A/C, etc.

Artificial personal accounts: Personal accounts which are created artificially

by law, such as corporate bodies and institutions, are called Artificial personal
accounts. E.g. Pvt Ltd companies, LLCs, LLPs, clubs, schools, etc.

Representative personal accounts: Accounts which represent a certain person or

a group directly or indirectly. E.g. Let’s say that wages are paid in advance
to an employee – a wage prepaid account will be opened in the books of accounts.
This wages prepaid account is a representative personal account indirectly linked
to the person.

Golden rule for personal accounts

Debit the receiver

Credit the giver

Example

The transaction below demonstrates the interaction between two different

personal accounts, one of which is a private limited company and the other one is
a bank.

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Paid Unreal Pvt Ltd. 24,000 by check

Accounts Involved Debit/Credit Rule Applied

Unreal Pvt Ltd. A/C Debit Artificial Personal – Dr. the receiver

To Bank A/C Credit Artificial Personal – Cr. the giver

*Amount will be 24,000 in both debit and credit.

3. Nominal Accounts

Accounts which are related to expenses, losses, incomes or gains are called
Nominal accounts. The dictionary meaning of the word “nominal” is “existing in
name only” and the meaning remains absolutely true in accounting sense too,
because nominal accounts do not really exist in physical form, but behind every
nominal account money is involved. E.g. Purchase A/C, Salary A/C, Sales
A/C, Commission received A/C, etc.

The final result of all nominal accounts is either profit or loss which is then
transferred to the capital account.

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Golden rule for nominal accounts

Debit all expenses & losses

Credit all incomes & gains

Example

The following example shows a transaction where a nominal account deals with a
real a/c.

Purchased good for 15,000 in cash

Accounts Involved Debit/Credit Rule Applied

Purchase A/C Debit Nominal A/C – Dr. all expenses

To Cash A/C Credit Real A/C – Cr. what goes out

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 ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES

Accrual principle. This is the concept that accounting transactions should be

recorded in an accounting period, rather than being artificially delayed or
accelerated by the associated cash flows. For example, if you ignored the
accrual principle, you would record an expense only when you paid for it,
which might incorporate a lengthy delay caused by the payment terms for the
associated supplier invoice.

Conservatism principle. This is the concept that you should record expenses
and liabilities as soon as possible, but to record revenues and assets only
when you are sure that they will occur. This introduces a conservative slant to
the financial statements that may yield lower reported profits, since revenue
and asset recognition may be delayed for some time. Conversely, this
principle tends to encourage the recordation of losses earlier, rather than later.
This concept can be taken too far, where a business persistently misstates its
results to be worse than is realistically the case.

Consistency principle. This is the concept that, once you adopt an

accounting principle or method, you should continue to use it until a
demonstrably better principle or method comes along. Not following the
consistency principle means that a business could continually jump between

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different accounting treatments of its transactions that makes its long-term
financial results extremely difficult to discern.

Cost principle. This is the concept that a business should only record its
assets, liabilities, and equity investments at their original purchase costs. This
principle is becoming less valid, as a host of accounting standards are heading
in the direction of adjusting assets and liabilities to their fair values.

Economic entity principle. This is the concept that the transactions of a

business should be kept separate from those of its owners and other
businesses. This prevents intermingling of assets and liabilities among
multiple entities, which can cause considerable difficulties when the financial
statements of a fledgling business are first audited.

Full disclosure principle. This is the concept that you should include in or
alongside the financial statements of a business all of the information that
may impact a reader's understanding of those statements. The accounting
standards have greatly amplified upon this concept in specifying an enormous
number of informational disclosures.

Going concern principle. This is the concept that a business will remain in
operation for the foreseeable future. This means that you would be justified in
deferring the recognition of some expenses, such as depreciation, until later
periods. Otherwise, you would have to recognize all expenses at once and not
defer any of them.

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Matching principle. This is the concept that, when you record revenue, you
should record all related expenses at the same time. Thus, you charge
inventory to the cost of goods sold at the same time that you record revenue
from the sale of those inventory items. This is a cornerstone of the accrual
basis of accounting. The cash basis of accounting does not use the matching
the principle.

Materiality principle. This is the concept that you should record a

transaction in the accounting records if not doing so might have altered the
decision making process of someone reading the company's financial
statements. This is quite a vague concept that is difficult to quantify, which
has led some of the more picayune controllers to record even the smallest
transactions.

Monetary unit principle. This is the concept that a business should only
record transactions that can be stated in terms of a unit of currency. Thus, it is
easy enough to record the purchase of a fixed asset, since it was bought for a
specific price, whereas the value of the quality control system of a business is
not recorded. This concept keeps a business from engaging in an excessive
level of estimation in deriving the value of its assets and liabilities.

Reliability principle. This is the concept that only those transactions that can
be proven should be recorded. For example, a supplier invoice is solid
evidence that an expense has been recorded. This concept is of prime interest
to auditors, who are constantly in search of the evidence supporting
recognition.
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Time period principle. This is the concept that a business should report the
results of its operations over a standard period of time. This may qualify as
the most glaringly obvious of all accounting principles, but is intended to
create a standard set of comparable periods, which is useful for trend analysis.

Revenue recognition principle. This is the concept that you should only
recognize revenue when the business has substantially completed the earnings
process. So many people have skirted around the fringes of this concept to
commit reporting fraud that a variety of standard-setting bodies have
developed a massive amount of information about what constitutes proper
revenue.

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 ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE
A financial accounts package keeps track of an organisation’s finances by
recording and processing transactions within a business.

At the centre of such systems, there is usually a general ledger, a facility for
handling accounts payable and receivable, a payroll module, and a reporting
function. Some accounting packages will also offer functions specifically for
certain types of organisations or businesses. This introduction to accounting
software will explain its main functions, benefits, and what solutions are
available.

Accounting Software is vital for a business to fully understand their situation,

determine the success of their business performance, and run a successful venture.

To get the best out of your purchase, you will need to answer some simple
questions. The answers will ensure that you can analyse the available options and
select the solution with the best possible fit to your organisations.

FEATURES

1. Quick Access

A cloud-based advanced accounting software allows you to access and manage

your account anytime and anywhere. It saves you time and makes your job easier.

2. Enhanced Security

Definitely, Cloud adoption brings advanced security to your business and keeps
sensitive information/data completely safe which is tough to maintain in the
manual accounting system. Moreover, it protects your data/information even if the
Hard disk gets crashed.

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3. Minimal Paperwork

An advanced accounting software minimizes the paperwork and seems to be an

environment-friendly approach. Manual accounting tactics need a large space to
store bundles of financial statements and other documents. Accounting software
eliminates the requirement of paper by making every single thing fully digital.

4. Efficient Storage

An advanced accounting software allows businesses to keep their data safe in the
latest technique, i.e. Cloud which eradicates the need for additional investments in
local storage. It lets you enjoy the enormous data storage benefits.

5. Quick Reporting

The hosted application provides instant and accurate accounting reports to

businesses. That’s why businesses are switching to cloud-based accounting
applications. Earlier, businesses had to prepare reports manually, which was a
time-consuming process, requiring lots of efforts.

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 INTRODUCTION TO TALLY

Tally is powerful accounting software, which is driven by a technology called

concurrent multi-lingual accelerated technology engine. It is easy to use software
and is designed to simply complex day to day activities associated in an
enterprise. Tally provides comprehensive solution around accounting principles,
inventory and data integrity. Tally also has feature encompassing global business.
Tally software comes with easy to use interface thus making it operationally
simple.

Tally accounting software provides a solution around inventory management,

stock management, invoicing, purchase order management, discounting, stock
valuation methodology, etc.

Tally accounting software also comes with drill down options, which can track
every detail of transaction. It helps in maintaining simple classification of
accounts, general ledger, accounts receivable and payable, bank reconciliation,
etc.

The technology employed by tally makes data reliable and secure. Tally software
supports all the major types of file transfer protocols. This helps in connecting
files across multiple office locations.

Tally accounting software is capable of undertaking financial analysis and

financial management. It provides information around receivables turnover, cash
flow statement, activity consolidation and even branch accounting.

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Tally accounting software is east to set up and simple to use. A single connection
can support multiple users. It can be easily used in conjunction with the Internet
making possible to publish global financial reports.

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 HISTORY AND VERSION OF TALLY

Tally.ERP9 is the product of Tally Solutions Private Limited. India's number one
business solution is from the brain child of Mr. Bharat Goenka. Tally started its
journey in 1986. Tally was the first to introduce codeless accounting software, a
natural language interface, concurrent multilingual capabilities, and path-breaking
remote functionality. Tally products are transforming businesses across industry
in over 94 countries. More than 2 million business users are testament to its
product philosophy...defined by the 'Power of Simplicity'. After Tally, businesses
in India have never been the same. With Tally, their future looks strong.

Let us the glance over the versions of Tally

Tally 3.0,4 and 4.5 version:-

From Tally 3.0 to Tally 4.5 versions Tally Acconuting Package was only used to
run in Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating system), and was unable to run in
Windows OS. At this stage the performance of the Tally was fast yet not user
friendly. Here Tally was supporting only basic Accounting needs of small
business operations, and the user has to run the Predefined Commands to operate
the software. So, the user has to bear the commands in his mind to operate the
software. So, the user has to bear the commands in his mind to operate the
application and it was very complicated to do so. To overcome the pitfall, Tally 5
had been developed.
Tally 5.0:-
It’s an up grated version to tally 4.5 and it works in windows operating
system Inventory modules is introduced in this version, which involves detailed
inventory, structure invoicing and integrating accounting and Inventory records.

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Tally 5.4:- It’s an improved module over the version 5.0 where it is capable of
converting earlier data formats in to the current data format. This is possible
though Import of Data Facility.

Tally 6.3:-It’s an extended enterprise system whereby it interacts with other

system through ODBC (Open Data Base Connectivity you and e-mail upload your
financial records form tally.

Tally 7.2:- It’s an integrated enterprise system VAT, TDS & TCS and Service
Tax modules is introduced in this version.0

Tally 8.1:- It’s multi language support software. It supports 10 Languages

(Includes is introduced in this version.

Tally 9.0:- It’s an improved model over the version 8.1. it supports 13 Languages
(Includes Foreign Languages). Payroll, POS modules is introduced in this version.

Tally ERP 9:- It's an improved version of Tally 9, Some of the new features
included in ERP is Remote Access, Tally.NET , Control & Support Centre,
Excise for Manufacturers and more launched with this version.

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TALLY.ERP 9 ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE BENEFITS

Reliability of information:

The gadget is strong to the point that even the closing down of a machine or
disappointment of intensity eventually of working does never again affect the data
put away in Tally.ERP 9 database. Astounding information uprightness checks at
normal levels guarantee records reliability.

Anchored information:

Information uprightness evaluations guarantee that no outside changes to the

information can meddle with Tally.ERP 9. The supply of double encoding carport
design avoids complex information gathering. Get right section to the database is
with the help of an actuated ODBC layer.

Tally Audit

A point by point client might be provided director rights to check for precision of
sections entered by methods for affirmed clients and make changes any place
required. Reviewed sections in conjunction with modifications made are shown
with the call of the client who has rolled out the ones improvements with the
season of trade.

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Tally Vault:

The selection of information encryption accessible in Tally .ERP 9 is alluded to as

the Tally Vault information Encryption standard (DES) procedure turns away
breaking of watchword for the vault.

There are various other Tally .ERP 9 points of interest which comprise of
wellbeing levels which may be client characterized, brisk and simple
establishment, boundless multi client bolster, inside reinforcements, import or fare
of tally information and its graphical assessment with the exception of numerous
others.

The reason being firms can get the advantage of getting all contributions
underneath one rooftop as opposed to losing fantastic time investigating different
transporters for pertinent service.

LIMITATIONS OF TALLY.ERP 9

Not User-Friendly: Tally fails to be an user friendly software. It does not help
you use it with ease. It is of course a simple software but not everyone can grasp
the knowledge of accounting soon after installing. Hence it fails to guide its users
in a simple way on how to use it when you do not know have much knowledge
about accounting.

Single window software: It does not allow to open the same transaction screen
from multiple computers. Therefore it becomes time consuming unlike other
software that allows you to work on more than one ledger at a time. Tally allows
only one ledger at a time which makes it difficult for the user to view other things
in it at once.

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No Useful Upgrades: They have brought out new versions of Tally but the
improvement has been bare minimum. There was Tally 4.5 and till Tally 9 ERP
but the difference is hardly noticeable. And in case you have got yourself the old
Tally then you cannot improve it with new features that the latest version has,
which is one of the biggest drawbacks of this software. You are stuck with one
kind of tally as the developers does not care to check on the old existing Tally that
are still being used. However they have now made it possible to move from 7.2 to
9 and it is a good start.

Is not ideal for Multi-branch: In case you have multiple branches, Tally
becomes way too expensive to run. You will have to invest in Servers and LAN
bundled with Tally.net. Further more the sync is not real-time. It needs manual
sync and the data is not updated if the accountant is not available in any of the
branches to sync manually.

Not Flexible: The default setting button is not provided. In case you want to
change the setting after the configuration settings are done. You have to restart
and delete all the ledgers and start again from the beginning. Once you have
created the journal voucher it is not possible to make changes in it. In Tally ERP
once you have set the level of the items in the inventory you cannot set the level
once again after the reorder. This makes it very rigid and difficult to use.

No Central Support: The support system of this software is still lagging behind
and that makes it difficult for the users to find support when there is any issue
with the software. It makes the users find even more difficult in operating it as
there are no good supports from the other side to help them out with the training
on how to use it.

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Low Security: You have to be very careful with the password as well. Once you
lose or forget the user password the retrieving of data is very difficult and quite
time consuming. Also there is a alarming possibility of losing the data in case of a
virus or hard disk crash.

No Customization: Customization is very limited. When they customize their

product for you, you do not get the complete package and it makes it even more
difficult for you to work with as you pay the price but then you have to settle for
minimum.

Bad Integration of Invoicing Modules: Tally does not have any modules that
you can call as an extra feature that results automatically when using a feature that
already exists independently. So it does not provide account payable, receivable,
etc; unlike quickbook and other software.

Risk of Data Loss and intrusion: As it is an offline software therefore it has no

backup in case your system crash or some mishap takes place. Therefore you have
to separately back up your data which gives birth to extra work.

IMPORTANCE OF TALLY SOFTWARE

Tally is very easy to work on it, it has been designed in very elaborative
manner. Tally is very easy yet effective software to meet daily financial
activities and it’s working made easy and compressive to work on it.

• You can get whatever you want: Tally is used in POS Software especially
designed to meet daily financial transactions and it’s calculations. With the help
of tally you can drill out each and every solution of your problem to its depth and
up to the satisfaction.

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• Multipurpose uses: Tally can be used in many tasks it is applicable in all
fields regarding inventory and monetary. It can be used as payroll, can be used
for taking attendance, record of the employees , work group, workers categories,
pay heads and of course employees records.

• Powerful tool for Accounting and Finance: Tally can be used for various
purpose and it can be used in any field regarding Accounting
and software. Tally is powerful tool and can be used in financial analysis and
Accounting management.

• Banking: Tally is equally being considered important in banking solutions also.

With the help of tally one can easily create deposit slip, print cheques, maintain
cheque register and many more things. Overall Tally has made work quite easier
and comfortable and it is very easy to use. However the most tedious task in any
organisation is to create bank reconcilement. Tally can help you out of these ,
with the help of tally you can create bank reconciliation statement easily and
with ease and it is quite comfortable to use.

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Tally ERP 9 Release 6.5.4

Always upgrade to the latest release of Tally.ERP 9 to enjoy greater business benefits.
Move to the latest release using the easy in-product update facility.

Highlights

● GST Annual Computation report to view the values as per books - A new
report GST Annual Computation is now provided. You can use this report to:

o Obtain the transaction values as per books

o Check the transactions that are excluded and resolve inc s payable.

● Enhancement for e-Way Bill - Tally.ERP 9 now provides omplete/mismatch

in information, and use the break-up of values to file GSTR-9.

● Support for GST CMP-08 - You can now generate GST CMP-08 report and
print Form GST CMP-08 as a Word document, with the details of turnover and
tax values of outward and inward supplies on which tax i

an entry assistance to prefill the distance in e-Way Bill Details screen based on the
combination of same party and pin codes entered in previous transactions. You
can export these details in MS Excel and JSON formats, and use it to generate e-
Way Bill on NIC portal.

Product Improvements for India and GCC

India

● In GST Rate Setup , if multiple stock items having slab rates were selected
and Kerala Flood Cess rate was set, the same was being reset to 0%. This issue
is resolved.

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 ● In a POS invoice, if the Party A/c Name was set to Not Applicable , and
in Party Details screen the GST Registration Type was selected
as Regular or Composition , Kerala Flood Cess was getting calculated. This
issue is resolved.

● In the printed sales invoice, KFC Rate column did not appear in the following
scenarios:

o Kerala Flood Cess rate was defined in the sales ledger and stock item,
and Nature of transaction was defined in the sales ledger.

o The stock item was defined with GST Classification in which Kerala Flood
Cess rate was set.

This issue is resolved.

GCC

● If the PIN defined in the party ledger was changed in the Party Details screen of
sales, purchases, debit note and credit notes, the printed invoice displayed PIN
from ledger and not from voucher. This issue is resolved.

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 INTRODUCTION TO GST

GST is an Indirect Tax which has replaced many Indirect Taxes in India. The
Goods and Service Tax Act was passed in the Parliament on 29th March 2017.
The Act came into effect on 1st July 2017; Goods & Services Tax Law in India is
a comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based tax that is levied on every value
addition.

In simple words, Goods and Service Tax (GST) is an indirect tax levied on the
supply of goods and services. This law has replaced many indirect tax laws that
previously existed in India.

TYPES OF TAXES IN GST

There are currently three types of GST

 CGST – Central GST – Applies to sales within the state – goes to Central
Government
 SGST – State GST – Applies to sales within the state – goes to State
Government
 IGST – Integrated GST – Applies to sales outside the state – goes to Central
Government
For example, if you sell something within the state, 50% of the GST will be
CGST and 50% of the GST will be SGST. But when you sell something outside a
state, 100% of it will be IGST which will go to the Central Government.
Now that you have a basic understanding of how GST works, we can go ahead to
understand the working of GST in Tally along with its accounting and calculation.

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How will GST work in Tally.ERP 9?

The functionality of GST in Tally is almost same as prevalent during erstwhile

taxation laws such as VAT or CST or Service Tax.
The first step before passing an Accounting Entry in Tally is to make GST
Calculation. But first let’s take an example for our understanding. For Ex : M/s
ABC Ltd of Mumbai sold goods worth Rs. 50,000/- to M/s XYZ Inc. of
Ahmedabad ; GST rate applicable for the given product is 18%

M/s ABC Ltd has to collect GST and say it is 18%.

GST Calculation - Then GST will come at Rs. 9,000/-.

This is the portion on which tax will be levied (i.e.,) Rs.

Taxable Value - 50,000/- in this case.

Since it is a transaction involving Inter State trade , the

Type of Tax to select ledger to create and select while preparing Accounting
- entry is IGST ledger.

Rate of Tax to be fed

during Tax Ledger
creation screen - 18% IGST (Tax type : Integrated Tax) .

Tax rate to key while

preparing Stock Item 18% IGST and Tally will automatically bifurcate and
Ledger - distribute the tax rate to CGST and SGST as 9% each.

Other ledgers to
create - Create XYZ Inc., ledger along with GSTIN number.

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FEATURES

1. DUAL GOODS AND SERVICE TAX

The GST shall have two components: one levied by the Centre (hereinafter
referred to as Central GST), and the other levied by the States (hereinafter
referred to as State GST). Rates for Central GST and State GST would be
prescribed appropriately, reflecting revenue considerations and acceptability. This
dual GST model would be implemented through multiple statutes (one for CGST
and SGST statute for every State). However, the basic features of law such as
chargeability, definition of taxable event and taxable person, measure of levy
including valuation provisions, basis of classification etc. would be uniform
across these statutes as far as practicable.
2. APPLICABILITY OF GST TO ALL TRANSACTIONS
The Central GST and the State GST would be applicable to all transactions of
goods and services made for a consideration except the exempted goods and
services, goods which are outside the purview of GST and the transactions which
are below the prescribed threshold limits. The Central GST and State GST should
be levied on common and identical tax base. The tax base should
comprehensively extend over all goods and services ( with no distinction being
made between treatment of goods and services) up to the final consumer point.
3. DESTINATION BASED MULTI POINT LEVY
It is recommended that the Centre and States should adopt a consumption based
GST with no distinction being made between raw materials and capital goods , in
avaliment of Input tax credit. GST is based on destination principle, thus tax base
will shift from production to consumption of goods. The taxable event is

31
Consumption of goods or services. As a result, revenue will accrue to the state in
which consumption takes place or deemed to take place.
4. COMPUTATION OF GST ON THE BASIS OF INVOICE CREDIT
METHOD
The liability of CGST and SGST is computed the basis of Invoice Credit method
i.e. allow credit for tax paid on all intermediate purchases of goods and services
on the basis of invoice issued by the supplier. As a result, all different stages of
production and distribution can be interpreted as a mere tax pass-through, and the
tax will effectively stick on final consumption within the taxing jurisdiction. This
will facilitate elimination of the cascading effect at various stages of production
and distribution. In an Invoice based VAT system, the issue of invoices in the
proper form is an essential part of the procedure for imposing and enforcing the
VAT. Therefore, it should be mandatory for a supplier making a taxable supply to
another taxable entity to provide a VAT invoice.
5. PAYMENT OF GST
The Central GST and State GST are to be paid to the accounts of the Centre and
the States separately. It would have to be ensured that account-heads for all
services and goods would have indication whether it relates to Central GST or
State GST (with identification of the State to whom the tax is to be credited).

6. UNIFORM PROCEDURE FOR COLLECTION OF GST

To the extent feasible, uniform procedure for collection of both Central GST and
State GST would be prescribed in the respective legislation for Central GST and
State GST.
7. THRESHOLD LIMIT
The present threshold limits prescribed in different State VAT Acts below which
VAT is not applicable varies from State to State. A uniform State GST threshold
across States is desirable and, therefore, it is considered that a threshold of gross

32
annual turnover of Rs.10 lakh both for goods and services for all the States and
Union Territories may be adopted with adequate compensation for the States
(particularly, the States in North-Eastern Region and Special Category States)
where lower threshold had prevailed in the VAT regime. Keeping in view the
interest of small traders and small scale industries and to avoid dual control, the
States also considered that the threshold for Central GST for goods may be kept at
Rs.1.5 crore and the threshold for Central GST for services may also be
appropriately high. It may be mentioned that even now there is a separate
threshold of services (Rs. 10 lakh) and goods (Rs. 1.5 crore) in the Service Tax
and CENVAT.
8. COMPOSITION SCHEME UNDER GST
The States are also of the view that Composition/ Compounding Scheme for the
purpose of GST should have an upper ceiling on gross annual turnover and a floor
tax rate with respect to gross annual turnover. The first discussion paper suggests
that there would be a compounding cut-off at Rs. 50 lakh of gross annual turnover
and a floor rate of 0.5% across the States. The scheme would also allow option for
GST registration for dealers with turnover below the compounding cut-off.
In reference to Composition scheme, the task force has recommended rate of 1%
each on account of CGST and SGST for dealers with the turnover between Rs 10
lacs to Rs 40 lacs.No credit for the same will be available if the dealer opts for the
compounding scheme.
9. REGISTRATION & TAX PAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
All the taxable entities with turnover above the threshold limit will be required to
register and obtain GST registration number. The taxable entities with lower
turnover will also have the option to register.
As per First Discussion paper, each taxpayer would be allotted a PAN-linked
taxpayer identification number with a total of 13/15 digits. This would bring the

33
GST PAN-linked system in line with the prevailing PAN-based system for
Income tax, facilitating data exchange and taxpayer compliance.
However, the Task force report has recommended that the GST Registration
number should be twelve digit alphanumeric numbers. The first ten digits should
be the alpha-numeric Permanent Account Number (PAN) followed by a space and
two more digits indicating the state code. This number scheme should be
publicised widely and should be self-generated after obtaining a PAN . There will
be single GST registration number for all branches in a State. Therefore, a dealer
having branches across States will have as many GST registration numbers as the
number of States in which he operates. The registrant dealer should be required to
furnish a form, only by way of information, indicating the registration number for
every State in which he operates. He should not be allowed to use the registration
number, though self-generated, unless he has furnished the form.
Since the number is PAN based, it is not necessary to have any pre- registration
verification. However, the states may, if necessary, undertake post-registration
verification to eliminate any potential abuse. To begin with, on the eve of the
introduction of GST, the dealer must furnish a consolidated form for all States in
which he operates. If, at a later stage, the dealer extends his operation to a new
State, he should be required to furnish a form for extension of activities and
register the self- generated number for the new State.
10. INPUT TAX CREDIT (ITC) SET OFF
Since the Central GST and State GST are to be treated separately, taxes paid
against the Central GST shall be allowed to be taken as input tax credit (ITC) for
the Central GST and could be utilized only against the payment of Central GST.
The same principle will be applicable for the State GST. Further, the rules for
taking and utilization of credit for the Central GST and the State GST would be
aligned.

34
11. CROSS UTILIZATION OF ITC
Cross utilization of ITC between the Central GST and the State GST would not be
allowed except in the case of inter-State supply of goods and services under the
integrated goods and service tax (IGST) model.
12. CREDIT ACCUMULATION ON ACCOUNT OF REFUND
Ideally, the problem related to credit accumulation on account of refund of GST
should be avoided by both the Centre and the States except in the cases such as
exports, purchase of capital goods, input tax at higher rate than output tax etc.
where, again refund/adjustment should be completed in a time bound manner.
13. ZERO RATING OF EXPORTS
The first discussion paper has suggested that the exports would be zero-rated.
Similar benefits may be given to Special Economic Zones (SEZs). However, such
benefits will only be allowed to the processing zones of the SEZs. No benefit to
the sales from an SEZ to Domestic Tariff Area (DTA) will be allowed.
14. GST ON IMPORTS
Imports will be brought under the scope of GST with necessary Constitutional
Amendments. They will treated at par with inter-state transactions and Integrated
goods and service tax (IGST) will be levied on imports. The incidence of tax will
follow the destination principle and the tax revenue will accrue to the State where
the imported goods and services are consumed. Full and complete set-off will be
available on the IGST paid on import on goods and services.
15. SPECIAL INDUSTRIAL AREA SCHEME
After the introduction of GST, the tax exemptions, remissions etc. related to
industrial incentives should be converted, if at all needed, into cash refund
schemes after collection of tax, so that the GST scheme on the basis of a
continuous chain of set-offs is not disturbed. Regarding Special Industrial Area
Schemes, it is clarified that such exemptions, remissions etc. would continue up to
legitimate expiry time both for the Centre and the States. Any new exemption,

35
remission etc. would not be allowed. In such cases, the Central and the State
Governments could provide reimbursement after collecting GST. The Task force
also recommends doing away with any area based exemptions (at present
provided in CENVAT) and to provide direct investment linked cash Subsidy, in
case it is considered necessary to provide support to industry for balanced
regional development.
16. MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS
A taxpayer or exporter would have to maintain separate details in books of
account for availment, utilization or refund of Input Tax credit of CGST, SGST
and IGST.
17. PERIODICAL RETURNS
The taxpayer would need to submit periodical returns, in common format as far as
possible, to both the Central GST authority and to the concerned State GST
authorities.
18. ADMINISTRATION OF GST
The administration of the Central GST to the Centre and for State GST to the
States would be given. This implies that the Centre and the States will have
concurrent jurisdiction on the entire value chain and on all taxpayers on the basis
of thresholds for goods and services prescribed for the States and the Centre.
As per the recommendation of Task force report on GST, The Central Board of
Excise and Customs(CBEC) shall be responsible for implementation of CGST
and state tax administrations will be separately responsible for implementation for
SGST.

36
 JOURNAL ENTRIES

QUESTION

DATE PARTICULAR AMOUNT

2019 Started Business with cash 1000000

6 NOVEMBER Cash is deposited in DENA Bank 250000

7 NOVEMBER Purchase goods on cash (including 220000

CGST and SGST )

8 NOVEMBER Purchased good on credit from Mr. 110000

Raman worth

9 NOVEMBER Purchase office furniture from Aditya 75000

for cash

10 NOVEMBER Goods were sold to Ms. Richa on credit 125000

11 NOVEMBER Purchase Building for cash 525000

37
12 NOVEMBER Goods were sold to Ram on 150000
cash(including CGST and SGST)

13 NOVEMBER Payment was made to Mr. Raman 70000

14 NOVEMBER Cash is withdrawn from Bank for office 55000

use

15 NOVEMBER Bank charges were paid 250

16 NOVEMBER Mr. Raman received return goods from 10000

company

17 NOV Cash sales were made 15000

18 NOV Richa return the goods 4500

19 NOV Paid salary to employers 1000

38
 SOLUTION

DATE PARTICULAR L.F DEBIT CREDIT

NOV 6 Cash A/C 1000000

Dr. To Capital A/C 1000000
(Being Business Started with Cash)

NOV 7 DENA Bank A/C 250000

Dr. To Capital A/C 250000
(Being Amount deposited into bank from
Saving A/C to firm A/C as capital)
NOV 8 Purchases A/C Dr. 220000
To Cash 220000

NOV 9 Purchases A/C 110000

Dr. Input CGST A/C
Dr. Input SGST A/C
Dr. To Raman 110000
(Being good purchased and GST applied )

NOV 10 Furniture A/C 75000

To Aditya 75000

39
NOV 11 Richa Dr. 125000
To sales A/C 125000
(Being sales made to richa )

NOV 12 Building A/C Dr. 525000

To cash A/C 525000
(Being Building purchase on cash)

NOV 13 Cash A/C Dr. 150000

To sales A/C
150000
(Being goods sold )

NOV 14 Salary A/C Dr. 15000

To Cash A/C 15000
(Being Salary paid to manager)

NOV 15 Raman A/C Dr. 7000

To Cash A/C 7000
(Being payment made to Raman )

NOV 16 CASH A/C Dr. 55000

To Bank A/C
55000
(Being Cash withdrew from bank)

40
NOV 15 Bank Charges A/C Dr. 250
To bank A/C 250
(Being bank charges paid)

NOV 16 Raman A/C Dr. 10000

To purchase return A/C 10000
(Being goods return to Raman )

NOV 17 Cash A/C Dr. 15000

To Sales A/C 15000
(Being goods sold )

NOV 18 Sales return A/C Dr. 4500

To Richa A/C 4500
(Being goods returned )

41
WINDOW SCREEN

Tally ERP Icon . Please double Click on TALLY ERP9 Icon or select and press
enter on tally ERP9 icon to start the Tally ERP9 program .

42
FIRST SCREEN

It is the blank screen because we had just entered into Tally Computerised
Software .

Path: Gateway of Tally

PATH:-Gateway of Tally

43
 COMPANY INFO. SCREEN

Path:- TALLY MAIN  Gateway of TallyCompany info.

44
CREATION OF COMPANY

Creating a company involves providing basic information about the company

whose books of account are to be maintained in Tally.ERP.9

Path : Gateway of Tally = (Alt+F3) Company Info. = Create company .

The Company Creation screen appears as shown :

45
 SELECT AND CHOOSE THE COMPANY

Select company option allows you to load another company from the list of
companies listed which you may have created earlier .

Press Enter on Select company or use the button F1 : Select Company

Tally.ERP.9 displays the screen shown below .

Path : Gateway of Tally = Company Info. = Select Company = Enter

Enter or Select or Press ‘T’ to open to desired company

46
 GATEWAY OF TALLY

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY

47
CHANGE ACCOUNTING PERIOD

Period ‘Alt+F2’ to change the period for which accounting is to be done .

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY CHANGE PERIOD

48
 CHANGE IN DATE

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY CHANGE CURRENT

DATE

49
 COMPANY FEATURES

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY COMPANY FEATURES

50
 GST DETAILS

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLYCOMPANY

FEATURES COMPANY OPERATIONS ALTERATIONCOMPANY GST
DETAILS

51
PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY COMPANY
FEATURES COMPANY OPERATION ALTERATION

52
 ACCOUNTING INFO.

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY ACOUNTS INFO.

53
 LEDGERS

In simple words, a ledger is a book which contains all the entries i.e. debit and
credit entries for that particular ledger.

Let me give you an example.

A Bank Account Ledger will have all the entries relating to debit and credit in
your bank account.

Similarly, a ledger of Direct Expenses will contain all the entries relating direct
expenses in your business.

A Tally Ledger is no different. Remember Tally is accounting but in digital

format.

A ledger in Tally .ERP 9 can be explained as a simple account in a normal

language. An account is called a ledger in accounting language.

For example, a Tally Ledger for GST is normally called GST Account in Tally or
outside Tally when we are having a normal conversation.

In the same way, a Sales Ledger in Tally is called a Sales Account in normal
language. A ledger in Tally for Direct Expenses is simply called Direct Expenses
Account.

You are getting what I am trying to say here, right?

54
Ledger is a technical term mostly used in accounting which we call an account in
normal language.

Have a look at your bank passbook or anyone’s bank passbook in your family.
You will see credit and debit entries in there (hopefully more credits than debits).

That is exactly how a ledger in Tally or anywhere else looks like.

For you, it’s your bank account and for the bank it is a customer’s bank account
and hence a customer’s ledger.

Now, you know what is a Tally Ledger as well as what is ledger in simple terms.

Let’s move on to the whole of the Tally Ledger List in Tally .ERP 9.

CREATION OF LEDGER

Ledger

By default, Tally .ERP 9 contain two Ledger accounts namely , Cash (Under
Cash-in-Hand )

And Profit and Loss Account (direct Primary Account ) . You need to create all
other accounts heads .There are no restriction in Ledger creation except that you
cannot create another Profit & Loss A/c. Any number of cash account may be
created in any other name for ex: Petty Cash .

Ledger can be created in Normal mode in Advance mode

55
PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY ACCOUNTS INFO.--
>LEGDER CREATION

56
 DISPLAY OF LEDGER

PATH: Gateway of Tally = Account Info = Single Ledger = Display

57
INVENTORY INFO

Path : Gateway of Tally > Inventory Info

58
STOCK GROUP

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLY  INVENTORY INFO.

STOCK GROUPS  STOCK GROUP DISPLAY

59
UNITS OF MEASURE

PATH:- TALLY MAIN GATEWAY OF TALLYINVENTORY

INFOUNITSUNIT DISPLAY

60
 STOCK ITEMS

PATH:-TALLY MAINGATEWAY OF TALLY INVENTORY

INFOSTOCK GROUPSSELECT STOCK GROUP

61
ACCOUNTING VOUCHERS

CREATING A CONTRA ENTRY

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Vouchers > F4 for Contra Entry

SELECT F4 KEY FOR COTRA ENTRY

62
CREATE PAYMENT ENTRY

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Vouchers > F5 for Payment Entry

Select F5 for Payment Entry

63
CREATING A RECEIPT PAYMENT

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Voucher> F6 for Receipt entry

SELECT F6 KEY FOR RECEIPT ENTRY

For recording of any transaction , rules of accounting should be followed .

64
CREATING A JOURNAL ENTRY

To pass a Journal Voucher .

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Voucher

 Click on F7 : Journal on the Button Bar or press F7 .

65
CREATING A SALES ENTRY

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Voucher > F8 for Sale Entry

SELECT F8 KEY FOR SALES ENTRY

66
CREATING A PURCHASE ENTRY

PATH : Gateway of Tally > Accounting Voucher> F9 for Purchase Entry

SELECT F9 KEY FOR PURCHASE ENTRY

67
 CREDIT NOTE

PATH:-TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYACCOUNTING

VOUCHER CREATION

68
 DEBIT NOTE

PATH:- TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYACCOUNTING

VOUCHER CREATION

69
INVENTORY VOUCHERS

PATH:- TALLY MAINS GATEWAY OF TALLYINVENTORY

VOUCHERS CREATION

70
 PHYSICAL STOCK

PATH:-TALLY MAINGATEWAY OF TALLYINVENTORY VOUCHER

CREATION

71
 BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT

PATH:-TALLY MAINS  GATEWAY OF TALLY

72
PATH:-TALLY MAINS GATEWAY OF TALLYBANKING

73
PATH:- TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYBANKING SELECT
BANK

74
PATH:-TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYBANKINFBANK
RECONCIALITAION

75
TRIAL BALANCE

PATH – Gateway of Tally > Display >

76
PATH:- TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY
MENUTRIAL MENU

77
 CASH FLOW

PATH:-TALLY MAINS GATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY

MENUCASH/FUND FLOWCASH FOLW

78
 FUND FLOW

PATH:-TALLYMAINS GATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY

MENUCASH/FUND FLOWFUND FLOW

79
 STATUTORY REPORTS

PATH:-TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY MENU

80
PATH:-TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY MENU
STATUTORY REPORTS

PATH:-TALLY MAINS GATEWAY OF TALLYDISPLAY MENU

STAUTORY REPORTSGST REPORTS GSTR2

81
82
RATIO ANALYSIS

PATH:-TALLY MAINSGATEWAY OF TALLYRATIO ANALYSIS

83
 PROFIT & LOSS A/C

Path : Gateway of Tally > Profit & Loss A/C

84
 BALANCE SHEET

Path – Gateway of Tally > Balance Sheet

85
SHORTCUT KEYS

KEYS FUNCTIONALITY AVAILABILITY

F1 To select a company At all masters menu screen

To select the Accounts Button At the Accounting Voucher

creation and Alteration screen

F2 To change the menu To change the menu period

F3 To select the company At almost all screens in

TALLY.ERP 9

F4 To open Contra voucher At Accounting / Inventory

Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F5 To open Payment voucher At Accounting / Inventory
Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F6 To open Receipt voucher At Accounting / Inventory
Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F7 To open Journal voucher At Accounting / Inventory
Voucher creation and alteration
screen

86
F8 To open Sales voucher At Accounting / Inventory
Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F8 To open Credit Note voucher At Accounting / Inventory
(CTRL+F8) Voucher creation and alteration
screen

F9 To open Debit Note voucher At Accounting / Inventory

(CTRL+F9) Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F10 To open Reversing Journal voucher At Accounting / Inventory
Voucher creation and alteration
screen
F10 (Ctrl + To open Memorandum voucher At Accounting / Inventory /
F10) Payroll Voucher creation and
alteration screen
F11 To select the Functions and Features screen At almost all screens in
TALLY.ERP 9

F12 To open Configure screen At almost all screens in

TALLY.ERP 9

F9 To open Purchase voucher At Accounting / Inventory

Voucher creation and alteration
screen

87
88