Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fundamentals of accounting
Introduction
Accounting terms
Accounting assumptions, concepts and principles
Double entry system of accounting
Types of accounts
Gold and rules of accounts
Source documents for accounting
Recording of business transaction
LEDGERS
Trail balance
Subsidiary books and control accounts
Cash book
Petty cash book
Purchase book
Purchases return book
Sales book
Control account
Financial statements
PRACTICE EXERCISE.
INTRODUCTION
Company creation
Company creations and configurations
Chart of accounts(ledger,group)
Ledger creation (single, multi ledgers)
Altering and displaying ledgers
Group creation (single and multi)
Displaying groups and ledgers
Deletion of groups and ledgers
Shortcut keys
PRACTICE EXERCISE
Introduction
Business transactions
2
Source document
Recording transaction in tally prime
Accounting vouchers
Receipt voucher
Contra voucher
Payment voucher
Purchase voucher
Sales voucher
Debit note voucher
Credit note voucher
Journal voucher
Shortcut keys
PRACTICE EXERCISE
INTRODUCTION
BUSINESS TTRANSACTIONS
ACCOUNTING VOUCHERS
Receipt voucher
Contra voucher
Payment voucher
Purchase voucher
Sales voucher
Debit note voucher
Credit note voucher
Journal voucher
SHORTCUT KEYS
PRACTICE EXERCISE
MIS REPORTS
INTRODUCTION
Advantages of management information systems
MIS reports in TALLY PRIME
TRAIL balance
Balance sheet
Profit and loss account
Cash flow statement
Ratio analysis
Books and reports
SHORTCUT KEYS
PRACTICE EXERCISE
Introduction
Enabling GST & Defining tax details
Transferring input tax credit to GST
Intrastate supply of goods
Return of goods
Supplies inclusive of tax
Definig tax rates at masters and transaction levels
GST REPORTS
Input tax credit set off
GST tax payment
Exporting GSTR-1 return and uploading in gst portal
Accounting of supply of services
Accounting exempted services
Introduction
Basic concepts of tds
Tds in tally prime
Activation of tds in feature tally prime
Tds statuary masters
Configuring tds at group level
Configuring tds at ledger level
Booking of expenses in purchase voucher
TDS Report
4
PAYROLL,INCOMETAX,HR(PAYROLL)
Introduction
Processing basic payroll in tally prime
Payroll reports
Payroll statutory deductions
Define salary details
Attendance reports
Statutory deductions
Define salary details
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Introduction
Activating of bill of materials
Auto listing of components using bill of materials
Accounting in TALLY prime
Transfereing of manufactured goods from store to showroom
REPORTS
Receiver Giver
Ex: Vijay Sale Goods to Ram
Ram A\C-------------Dr
To Vijay A\C-------Cr
Real A\C’s
Debit Credit
Computer A\C------------Dr
To Cash A\C--------Cr
Nominal A\C’s
Debit Credit
1. Book Keeping: Book Keeping Is The Science And Art Of Correctly Recording In Books Of
Accounts All Those.
3. Single Entry System: Only One aspect Of Transaction Is Recorded In This System. Only
A Few Accounts Are Maintained. Cash Account, Personal Accounts Are Maintained Under
the Single Entry System. Real and Nominal Accounts Are Not Maintained In This
System. Hence It Is Irrational, Incomplete, Unscientific, And Inaccurate System Of
Accounting System.
5. Business Transactions: Any Exchange of Money or Money’s Worth as Goods & Services
between Two Parties as Known as Business Transaction.
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7. Journal: The Word Journal Is Derived From The French Word “Jour” Which Means A
Day. Journal Means A Daily Record Where Every Transaction Is Recorded In The First
Instance And Then It Is Posted To The Ledger. The Form In Which It Is Recorded Is
Called Journal Entry And Recording Or Entering A Transaction In The Journal Is Known
As Journalizing.
9. Cash Book The Book That Deals With The Transactions Relating To The Receipts And
Payments Of Cash Direct Or Through Bank, Discount Allowed Or Received Etc., And It
Shows Cash In Hand And Cash At Bank.
10. Trial Balance: It Is A Statement Of Debit And Credit Balances Extracted From The
Various Accounts In The Ledgers With A View To Test The Arithmetical Accuracy Of The
Books.
11. Trading Account: It Is Prepared To Know The Trading Results Or Gross Margin On
Trading Of The Business.
12. Gross Profit: The Differences Between The Sales& Cost Of Goods Sold Are Known
As Gross Profit.
13. Profit & Loss Account: It Is Prepared From Nominal Accounts And Its Balance Is
Transferred To Capital Account As The Whole Profit Or Loss Is That Of The Owner It Will
Increase Or Decrease His Capital.
14. Net Profit: This Is Derived From P&L A/C And It Is The Profit After All Direct And
Indirect Expenses.
9
15. Balance Sheet: Balance Sheet Is A Statement Prepared With A View To Measure
The Financial Position Of A Business On A Certain Fixed Date.
It Is A Statement Showing The Sources And Application Of Capital. It Is A
Statement And Not An Account.
Important Questions
1. Transaction:
Ex: - Cash Deposited In Sbi Bank 1, 00,000
2. Proforma of Journal Entry:
Date Particulars Ledger Debit (Rs) Credit (Rs)
Folio No
To (Debit By(Credit
Side) Side)
12
Purchase Book: Only The Credit Purchases Of Goods Are Recorded In This Book. Cash
Purchases And Purchase Of Assets Are Not Recorded In This Book.
Sales Book: Only The Credit Sale Of Goods Is Recorded In The Sales Book. Cash Sales And
Sale Of Assets Are Not Recorded In This Book.
Purchase Returns Book: This Book Keeps A Record Of The Returns Outwards. When Goods Are
Purchased On Credit Basis And Returned To The Supplier For Some Reasons.
Sales Returns Book: This Book Keeps A Record Of All Return Inwards. When Goods Are Sold
On Credit Basis And Returned By The Customer Due To Some Reasons.
Cash Book: This Book Is Maintained To Record All Cash Transactions. All Cash Receipts And
Payments Are Recorded In The Book.
Bills Receivable Book: The Bills On Which The Amount Is Yet To Be Received And Promissory
Notes Accepted By The Buyer Or Debtor Are Recorded In This Book. Drawn by the Buyer or
Creditor are Recorded in This Book.
Bills Payable Book: All Bills and Promissory Notes Drawn By the Buyer or Creditor Are
Recorded In This Book
Journal Proper: This Book Is Used For Recording Only Those Transactions, Which Cannot Be
Recorded In Any Other Subsidiary Books.
5. Advantages of Computerized Accounting and Disadvantages of Manual Accounting
The Advantages Of Computer Accounting Can Be Termed As
Disadvantages Of Manual Accounting.
1. Computer Accounting Saves Time
2. It Reduces The Manual Labour
3. It Avoids The Duplication Of Work Besides The Duplication Of Entries.
4. It Retrieves Accurate Reports In Minimum Possible Time
5. It Assures Immediate And Secured Employment
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7. Advantages Of Tally
□ Simple and Rapid Installation
□ Unlimited Multi-User Support
□ Internal Backup/ Restore
□ Data Reliability
□ User-Defined Security Levels
□ Data Security
□ Tally Audit
□ Tally vault Pass Word
□ Removal of Data into a Separate Company
□ Multi-Directory for Company Management
□ Import/ Export of Data
□ Data Migration Capability
□ Synchronization
□ Graphical Analysis of Data
□ ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) Compliance
□ Protocol Support
□ Direct Web Browser Access
□ Ability to Preview and Publish Reports and Documents on the Internet
□ E-Mail Facility
□ Multilingual Capability
□ Company Logo
□ Exporting Of Tally Reports to Ms-Excel&Pdf
Calculations (Duties & Taxes)
□ Excise Duty(Ed)
14
1. There Is No Major Graphical Improvement In Old Version Of Tally. The Indian Head Office
Of Tally Is Continuously Launching New Version From Tally 4.5 To Tally 9 But The GUI
Interface Is Still Like Old Dos Based Accounting Software.
7. Pricing Issues Like Supplying Different Customer At Multiple Price Lists Is Quite Difficult In
Tally Accounting Software.
8. Cost Wise Tally Is Quite Expensive As Compare To Other Alternative Accounting Software
In Pakistan.
9. We Can Not Open Two Accounting Ledgers For Viewing At The Same Time In Tally
Software.
10. Its Package Software Not An ERP I.E We Have To Accept What They Are Offering And
Customization Is Very Limited.
12. If The User Password Is Lost Then The Data Retrieval Is Very Difficult And Time
Consuming.
13. Tally Software Is Not A Modular Application Unlink QuickBooks, Peachtree And Other
Accounting Software In Pakistan Which Provides Different Modules Like Accounts Payable,
Accounts Receivable, Sales And Order Management Etc.
14. it’s Not Real Time It Can Just Be Used to Record Detailed Accounting Debits and Credits.
16. Tally Support System Is Not Very Good; There Is Still Room For Improvement.
---000---
Tally Solutions PVT Ltd Formerly Called PATRONICS PVT Ltd Started By Sri S.
S. GOENKA, Based In Bangalore Was Started As A Simple Reason, And Software Development
Organization The Absence Of Readily Available Accounting Package Made The Company
Create For Their Own Business Requirements Thus Commenced The Development Work On An
Accounting Package In Basic In The Year 1986.
Bangladesh
Area Served Middle East
United Kingdom
Products PRIME
Developer 9
Shopper 9
Website Www.Tallysolutions.Com
Versions In Tally
Tally4.5(First Version In Tally During 1988)
It Has Been Working With Ms-Dos Operating System And It Is Used To Create Accounts
Information Only.
Tally5.0
It Has Been Working With Windows Operating System And It Is Used To Create Accounts
Information Along With Inventory Information And Godown Information Also.
Tally5.4
It Has Been Working With Windows NT Multi User Operating Systems And It Is Also Used To
Create Accounts Information Along With Inventory Information And Godown Information Also.
Tally6. 3
It Also Has Been Working With Windows NT Multi User Operating System. The Following Three
Companies Are Available In This Version.
A. Accounts Only:
It Has Also Been Working With Windows .It is used to create Only the Company Accounts and
Related Financial Statements.
B. Accounts with Inventory:
It Is Used To Create The Company Accounts Along With Inventory Info And Godown Info Also.
C. Inventory Only:
It Is Used To Create The Company Inventory Information Along With Godown Information
Only And No Accounts Information Is Possible.
Tally7. 2:- It Has Been Launched With Effect From 1st April 2005, Which Works On Multi User
Operating Systems Also. The Following Types Of Companies Can Be Found In This Version.
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A. Accounts Only: -It Is Used To Create Only The Company Accounts And Related Financial
Statements.
B. Accounts With Inventory: - It Is Used To Create The Company Accounts Along With
Inventory Info And Godown Info Also.
New Features:-“Vat (Value Added Tax); TDS (Tax Deducted At Source)” Have Been Added In
This Version.
Tally 8.1
It Has Been Launched Newly All Over India During February - 2006, Which Works On Multi User
Operating System Also. The Following Types Of Companies Can Be Found In This Version.
A. Accounts Only:
B. Accounts with Inventory:
New Features: - FBT, Job Costing, Service Tax, TCS And Point Of Sales Have Been Added In
This Version.
Tally 9:
It Has Been Launched Newly All Over India During Nov - 2007, Which Works On Multi User
Operating System Also. The Following Types Of Companies Can Be Found In This Version.
A. Accounts Only:
B. Accounts with Inventory:
New Features Named “Pay Roll Management” Have Been Added In This Version. Tally.Erp9:-
It Has Been Launched In The Beginning Of 2009 And It Is Equipped With Enterprise Recourse
Solutions Like Various Financial Statements And MIS Statements, Advanced Audit Features.
A New Feature Of ERP 9 Release 1.61 Is Equipped With A New Vat Rate Levied With Effect
From 15-01-2010 @14.5%.
New Features Of ERP 9 Release 3.2 Released During 26 th June 2011 Is Equipped With
Company Logo And SMS Facility To Customers When Company I.E. Accounts Only And
Accounts With Inventory Can Be Created.
New Features: MCA Reports (Ministry of Corporate Affairs), Vat@5%. Latest Version: -
Tally.Erp9, Release6.0.3.Released As On 2nd August 2017.
Note: - From Tally 7.2 Onwards Only Two Types Of Companies Can Be Created.
1. Accounts Only
2. Accounts with Inventory.
Tally primeIntroduction:
Tally primeIs the World's Fastest and Most Powerful Concurrent Multi-Lingual
Business Accounting and Inventory Management Software. Tally. prime, Designed Exclusively
To Meet The Needs Of Small And Medium Businesses, Is A Fully Integrated, Affordable And
Highly Reliable Software. Tally primeIs Easy To Buy,
18
Quick To Install, And Easy To Learn And Use. Tally primeIs Designed To Automate And
Integrate All Your Business Operations, Such As Sales, Finance, Purchasing, Inventory, And
Manufacturing. With Tally. prime 9, Accurate, Up-To Date Business Information Is Literally At
Your Fingertips Anywhere. The Powerful New Features And Blazing Speed And Power Of Tally
primeCombined With Enhanced MIS, Multi-Lingual, Data Synchronization And Remote
Capabilities Help You Simplify All Your Business Processes Easily And Cost-Effectively.
What Is ERP?
primeIs A Way To Integrate (Mixing) The Data And Processes Of An Organization Into One
Single System.
Use Of Enter Key and Escape Key:
‘Enter’ To Go For The Cursor Place.
‘Escape’ To Go Back From Cursor Place Closing
Of Tally:
Tally Can Be Closed In Two Different Ways,
Press Escape Button (Or) Close Button (With Conformation)
Ctrl +Q (With Out Conformation)
Browsing: (How To Open Tally primePackage)
Double Click On Tally primeIcon On Desktop
Start >Programs > Tally prime>Tally prime
Executable File :- TallyPRIME.Exe
Select The Option Work In Educational Mode From Startup Window And Press Enter
Select The Option Gold Edition Mode And Press Enter
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A Budget Is A Plan Prepared For The Flow Of Funds In An Organization. It Contains Financial
Guidelines For The Future Plan Of Action For A Selected Period Of Time. A Budget Helps To
Refine Goals And Use Funds Efficiently. It Provides Accurate Information for Evaluation of
Financial Activities, Ideas In Decision Making And Provides A Reference For Future Planning.
In Tally.Erp 9, You Can Create, Alter and Delete A Budget.
Groups
There Are 28 Predefined Groups In Tally.Erp 9, Which Are Widely Used In The Chart Of
Accounts Of Many Trading Organizations. Out Of These, 15 Groups Are Primary Groups And
The Remaining 13 Are Secondary Groups. (Sub Groups) Among The 15 Predefined Groups, 9
Groups Are Balance Sheet Items And The Remaining 6 Groups Are Profit & Loss A/C Items. All
the Secondary Groups (Sub Groups) Are Adjusted In Balance Sheet. However, You May Also
Alter Of These Predefined 28 Groups...
Investments Stock-In-Hand
Sales Accounts
1. Opening Balances:
Cash in Hand 300000
Vehicles 200000
2. Transactions
1. Cash Paid To Administrative Expenses (Marketing
Department) 2000
2. Problem
1. Opening Balances
F6>Receipt Voucher
1. Accounts Transfer
2. Depreciation on Fixed Assets
3. Assets Purchased On Credit Basis
4. Other Adjustment Transactions of Non-Cash & Non-Bank Nature. Note: The
Account “Debited” Shall Be Entered First.
Bill Wise Details:-It Is Applicable For Sundry Debtors & Sundry Creditors Only. Types of
Reference (Or) Method of Adjustment:
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C. Against Reference:
D. On Account:
Reference Which Will Not Come Under Any One of the Above Categories.
Partners Capitals:
Champion 7, 00,000
Winner 9, 00,000
Transactions:
10. Salaries Paid To Staff 27,000 And Esi@7%,Personal Loan 2,000 And Pf@12% Has To Be
Recovered From The Salaries.
1. Branch-I 60%
2. Branch-Ii 40%
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The Package of Accounts and Statements That Are Used To Ascertain the Gross Profit, Net
Profit and Financial Position Are Called “Final Accounts. The Trial Balance Is The Base From
Which The Final Accounts Are Prepared.
Objectives:
• To Assess The Profit Earned Or Loss Incurred By The Business In A Specific Period.
• To Find Out The Financial Position Of The Firm And To Know The Total Assets And Liabilities
And The Net Capital Of The Business On A Particular Date.
A Trading Concern Will Prepare Final Accounts In 3 Stages:
1. Trading Account - To Find Out Gross Profit / Loss for the Period
2. Profit & Loss Account – To Assess the Net Profit
3. Balance Sheet - To Show Total Assets and Liabilities
B Manufacturing Concern Will Prepare Final Accounts In 4 Stages:
2. Cash Deposited In
Wages 25,000
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Rent 16,000
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On 30th June You Want To View The Balance Sheet But June Month’s Rent Is Not
35
Paid. You May Create A Scenario And Pass A Reversing Journal Entry To View
The Reports Which Will Be Effective Up To The Applicable Date. When You View The Balance
Sheet, Tally primeDisplays The Report With The Reversing Journals Included. The Voucher
Example
The Reversing Journal Is Available For Inclusion In A Scenario Report Till This Date. The
Reversing Journal Can Be Created As Of A Particular Date And Made Applicable Up To A
Different Date.
Reversing Journal Register: - All Vouchers Are Maintained In A Reversing Journal Register. These
Are Not Posted To Any Books Of Accounts And Cannot Be Included In Regular Reports. They
Can Only Be Seen Using A Scenario.
This Is A Non-Accountability And The Entries Made Using It Will Not Affect Your
Accounts. That Is Tally Does Not Post There Entries To Ledgers But Store Them In A Separate
“Memo Register”.
Some Uses for Memo Vouchers
Making Suspense Payments:- For Example :- The Company Gives An Employee Cash To Buy
Office Supplies The Exact Nature And Cost Of Which Are Unknown You Could Enter A Voucher
For The Accurate, A Voucher To Record The Actual Expenditure Details When They Are Known,
And Another Voucher To Record The Return Of Surplus Cash. However, A Simpler Way Is To
Enter A Memo Voucher
36
When The Cash Is Advanced And Then Turn It Into A Payment Voucher For The Actual Amount
Spent, When Known.
Vouchers Not Verified At The Time Of Entry: It Sometimes Happens That You Do Not
Understand The Details Of A Voucher You Are Entering. Enter It As A Memo Voucher And
Amend It When You Get The Details.
Reminder Service: You Can Enter A Memo Voucher For A Transaction That Will Takes Place In
The Future And Get Tally To Remind You About It One Day Prior To The Date.
For Example: - Insurance Premium Due, Taxes Due, Installment Payments, Post Dated
Cheque’s.
Optional Voucher (Ctrl + L)
This Is Another Non Accounting Voucher. However It Differs From The Memo Voucher
In That It Is Not A Separate Voucher Type.
By Marking It ‘Optional’ The Voucher Does Not Get Posted Anywhere But
Remains In The Optional Register.
Exercise
Evergreen Traders Is Running A Business From 01.04.16 And Keeps His Books Of
Accounts In Tally With Accounts Only. Enter Following Details
And Find Out Profit Or Loss For This Year
Particulars:
1. Received Cash As Capital For Rs.2,00,000/-
2. Cash Deposited In I.O.B For Rs.1,00,000/-
3. Credit Purchases from Charles Co. As Per Invno:12 For Rs:75,300/-
4. Credit Purchases from James Co. As Per Invno:253 For Rs:50,500/-
5. Credit Purchases from Donald Co. As Per Invno:325 For Rs:60,000/-
6. Purchase Return to Charles Co. For Rs:10,000/-
7. Purchase Return to Donold Co. For Rs:25,000/-
8. Cash Purchases from Victor Co. For Rs:35,600/-
9. Credit Sales To James Traders As Per Inv No:001 Rs:1,25,000/-
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There Are 28 Predefined Groups In Tally.Erp 9, Which Are Widely Used In The
Chart Of Accounts Of Many Trading Organizations. Out Of These, 15 Groups Are Primary
Groups And The Remaining 13 Are Secondary Groups.
We Can Open the Day Book, By Selecting Option Day Book From Display
Menu.
Tally ODBC: - With Open Database Connectivity You Can Dynamically Exchange Data Between
Tally primeAnd Any Other Application Dynamically. You Must Ensure That MS-Query Is
Installed On The Computer In Which You Will Be
38
Installing Tally.Erp 9. This Enables ODBC As Soon As Tally primeIs Installed. It Allows Other
Programs To Use Data From Tally.Erp 9, Directly. Thus, Any Program Such As MS-Excel Or
Oracle, Which Is ODBC Compliant, Can Use Data From Tally.Erp 9. Data Connectivity Is
Dynamic, Which Means That Any Update In Tally primeIs Reflected In Real Time In Other
ODBC Compliant Software. The User Can Also Extract Data From Tally primeAnd Design His/
Her Own Report Formats In Other ODBC Compliant Software.
The ODBC Server Is Displayed On The Information Block Of The Information Pane.
This Is Useful In Reports With Provisional Figures Without Actually Putting The Entries
Through The Main Books. It Is Also Useful For Forecasting By Entering Forecast Figures In
Provisional Vouchers And Including Them To Get Forecasted Figures.
The Vouchers That Are Used In Scenario Management Are:-
> Optional Vouchers
> Memorandum Voucher
> Reversing Journals
Data Migration
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Data Created In Tally 7.2 Or TCP (Tally Compliant Product) Files Created For Use With
Tally 7.2 Cannot Be Used With Tally.Erp 9. Hence, Data And TCP Files Need To Be Upgraded
For Use With Tally.Erp 9. The Tally Data Migration Tool Helps Users To Upgrade Data And TCP
Files In Order To Be Compliant With Tally.Erp 9. A Valid Tally primeLicense Is Required To
Upgrade Data Or TCP Files From Tally 7.2 To Tally.Erp 9.
Synchronization
Synchronization Is The Process Of Replicating Data Between Two Or More Computers Using
Tally primeIn A Client – Server Environment. Data Is Transferred From The Client To The
Server And Vice Versa. Tally primeOffers Control Over The Frequency Of Synchronization I.E.,
Data Can Be Replicated After Each Transaction Or Updated At Specific Intervals.
2. Ratio Bring Out The Inter Relationship Among Various Financial Figures And Bring To Light
Their Financial Significance. It Is A Devise To Analyze And Interpret The Financial Health Of
The Enterprise.
3. Ratios Contribute Significantly Towards Effective Planning And Forecasting.
4. Ratios Facilitate Inter Firm and Intra Firm Comparison. They Bring Out the Strengths,
Weaknesses and Efficiency of Firms and Their Department
5. RatiosServe As Effective Control Tools. They Also Facilitate Establishment Of A Standard
Costing System And Budgetary Control.
Gateway of Tally > Ratio Analysis:
Ratio Analysis Screen Is Divided Into Two Parts Principal Groups And Principal Ratios.
The Principal Groups Are The Absolute Key Figures That Give Perspective To The Ratios.
The Ratios Relate Two Pieces Of Financial Data To Get A Comparison That Is More
Meaningful When Compared With Ratios Of Other Companies.
Cash and Funds Flow:
Cash Management Is Essential For Any Business. Many Companies, As They Go Into
Liquidation, Continue To Make Profits Because Of Insolvency. Businesses Shut Down Because
Of Lack Of Cash Despite Being Profitable. Cash and Fund Flow Statements Aid in Cash
Management and Are an Important Component of the Management Accounts.
Cash Flow:-
Cash Flow Statement Is A Chronological Account Of The Movement Of Cash In Hand Out Of
The Business And Includes All Cash Transactions Made With Banks Also. When Used With The
Balance Sheet And Profit & Loss Account, The Cash Flow Statement Helps To Assess The
Reasons For The Differences Between Net Income And Net Cash Flow As Well As The Effect Of
Cash/Non-Cash Investing And Financing Transactions.
Go To Gateway of Tally > Display > Cash/Funds Flow > Cash Flow.
Funds Flow:
While Cash Flow Statement Is Concerned Only With Cash, Funds Flow Takes Into Account,
The Movement Of The Entire Working Capital. It Includes Rise And Fall In Inventories,
Creditors And Debtors Apart From Cash And Bank. The Statement Reveals The Sources Of
Funds And How They Were Applied.
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Go To Gateway of Tally > Display > Cash/Funds Flow > Funds Flow
Tax Definition: If Tax Is Levied On The Price Of A Good Or Service, Then It Is Called An
Indirect Tax. Ex: - VAT, GST.
What Is GST?
GST Stands For Goods And Services Tax Which Is Concurrent Levy Of Taxes On “Supply” Of
Goods And Services. GST In India Will Be Dual System, Where the Central and State Together
Will Levy Tax on Supply of Goods And / Or Services, Within the State (Intra-State) and Inter-
State.
Introduction to GST
GST Is A Transformational Tax Reform In Our Country Since Independence. All The Existing
Indirect Taxes Being Currently Levied By Central And State Governments Will Be Subsumed
Under GST. GST Can Be Termed As “One Tax, One Nation and One Market”. GST Is A Highly
Compliance Driven Law.
Why GST?
The Current Indirect Tax System With Multiplicity Of Taxes (Central Levy:-Excise Duty,
Service Tax, Various Cess And State Levies: - Vat, Entry Tax, Octroi, Luxury Tax,
Entertainment Taxes, Purchase Tax Etc.) - At Different Rates - At Multiple Points (At The Time
Of Manufacture, Trade, Rendering Services Etc.). This Has Led To Several Inefficiencies And
Limitation. One Of The Major Limitation Is The Cascading Effect Of Tax. Under The Current
Regime, Excise Charged By The Manufacturer On Billing To A Dealer, The Credit Of Input
Cannot Be Claimed By A Dealer, And Thus Forming Part Of Cost To Dealer Which Leads To
Cascading Of Tax.
Under GST The Credit Utilization Will Be Available Across The Supply Chain Till It Reaches The
End Consumer. Secondly, Tax On Tax Is Eliminated. Example: - Under The Current Tax
Regime, Vat Is Charged On The Assessable Value Plus On Excise Duty.
45
The Central Government Passed Four Sets Of GST Acts In The Budget Session This Year.
These Were Central GST Act, 2017; Integrated GST Act, 2017; Union Territory GST Act, 2017
And GST (Compensation To States) Act, 2017. The Acts Were Approved By The Parliament
After They Were Introduced As The Part Of The Money Bill. Following The Passage Of The GST
Acts, The GST Council Decided The Rate Slabs For The Goods And Services To Be Taxed Under
The GST Regime. GST Components
GST Slabs: - GST Council Has Adopted A Four Slab Tax Rate Structure Of 5%, 12%, 18% And
28% for GST. A Separate Cess Would Be Levied On Certain Goods Such As Luxury Cars,
Aerated Drinks, And Pan Masala And Tobacco Products, Over And Above The GST Rate Of
28% For Payment Of Compensation To The States.
Registration:
Lakhs
Registration Process: Existing Dealers Would Be Auto-Migrated and Given A 15- Digit Pan
Based GSTIN With
Following Structure.
Ex: 37AUEPP4376J1Z5
Harmonized System Of Nomenclature, Or HSN, Was Conceived And Developed By The World
Customs Organization (WCO) With The Vision Of Classifying Goods From All Over The World In
A Systematic And Logical Manner. It Is A Six Digit Uniform Code That Classifies More Than
5,000 Products And Is Accepted Worldwide. These Set Of Defined Rules Is Used For Taxation
Purposes In Identifying The Rate Of Tax Applicable To A Product In A Country. It Is Also Used
To Determine The Quantum Of Product Exported Or Imported In And Out Of A Country. It Is A
Crucial Feature To Analyze The Movement Of Goods Across The World. It Is A Combination Of
Different Sections, Further Drilled Down To Chapters, Which Are Further Classified Into
Headings And Sub-Headings. The Resultant Figure Is The Six-Digit Code.
GST Ledgers
Payments:
Online: NEFT/RTGS/Imps
Gst Problem
Enter The Following Transactions In The Books Of Indian Company As On 1st July2017.
In Accordance With The Annual Budget 2014-15, The Current Service Tax Rate Has Been
Increased From 12.36% To 14.5% From 15th Nov 2015.
The Provisions of Swatch Bharat Cess (SBC) @ 0.5% under the Finance Act, 2015 Are
Effective W.E.F. 15/11/2015. Accordingly, Service Tax Rate Is Increased From 14% To
14.50% W.E.F. The New Service Tax Rates Will Be Effective From 15/11/2015, And Krishi
Kalyan Cess 0.5% Added To Service Tax. So Service Tax Rate Is15%.
As Per Section 66 of Finance Act, 1994 Tax (Service Tax) @ 15% of the Value Is Payable On
Taxable Services. Thus, Total Service Tax Is 15% And It Will Be Collected In Such Manner As
Prescribed. But 1st July 2017 The Service Tax Is Increased To 18%.
Classification For Services Is Also Required. Sac Will Remain The Same Under The GST Regime.
Service Tax Credit
While You Pay Service Tax On Sale Of Services That Come Under The Service Tax Category,
You Can Adjust Service Tax Credit Availed On Purchase Of Services. This Deduction Is Called
Adjusting Credit Against Service Tax. The Difference Between The Service Tax That You Have
To Pay For Selling Services And The Service Tax Credit On Purchases That Can Be Adjusted Is
The Payable Service Tax.
Service Tax (Sales) That Is Adjustable Against Service Tax Credit (Purchases) Is Also Called
Availing Input Credit.
15. Manohar Returned Goods Worth 900, Which Were Sent Back To Dileep.
16. Issued Cheque For Godown Rent 5000.
17. Paid Salary to Accountant 7500 for Cash
18. Cash Received From Salesman 25000 for the Cost of Goods Sold By Him after Deducting
Conveyance Charges 1500
19. Goods Worth 3000 Have Been Taken By Parthiv For Personal Use.
20. Goods Worth 9000 Have Been Distributed Under 1+1 Scheme As Free Gifts On Cash Sales
Of Goods.
21. Audit Services Purchased 25000 from Mr.Maaruthi (C.A)
22. Closing Stock Is Valued At 7, 50,000.
---000---
Tax Deducted At Source (Tds)
TDS Means Tax Deducted At Source. The Concept Of TDS Was Introduced In The Income Tax
Act, 1961, With The Objective Of Deducting The Tax On An Income, At The Source Of Income.
It Is One Of The Methods Of Collecting Income Tax, Which Ensures Regular Flow Of Revenue
To The Government.
1. Buyer:
According To Income Tax Act, The Buyer Is One Who Makes Payments As Salary,
Rent, And Interest On Securities, Dividends, Insurance, Commission, Professional Tax, And
Commission On Brokerage, Commission Of Lottery Ticket Etc.
2. Seller: Seller Is The One Who Receives The Above Mentioned Payments. The Buyer Who
Pays The Amount Shall Deduct Tax From The Amount Payable And Permit The Same To
Income Tax Department.
The Buyer Issues Form 16-A to the Seller as A Proof for Payment of Income Tax.
The Features Of TDS In Tallyerp9 Are Very Easy And Flexible. The User of Tally
.Erp9 Relating to TDS Can Achieve the Following Functions:
1. TDS Collection
2. Partial (Or) Full Payment of Collection to the Income Tax Department.
3. Tracking of Transactions, From Deduction to Payment.
4. Challenge Management
5. Channelization of Prompt and Accurate Filing of Returns.
As Per Finance Act, For The Financial Year 2009-10 Surcharge Or Cess Is Not Applicable For
TDS With Effect From 1st April, 2009.Present 10% TDS Rate
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Applicable On Rent. If Pan Card Number Is Not Submitted TDS Rate Is 20% On Rent.
Interest And Rent Payment In Respect Of Current Rate Of Deduction For Tax At Source Is
10%.
Press The Button “F11”& F3 At Gateway Of Tally, And Set The Feature “Enable TDS- Yes” In
“Statutory Features”. And Select The Option Quiksetup From Gateway Of Tally Menu To
Create TDS Ledgers.
Tan Will Be Checked For 4 Alphabetic, 5 Numeric, 1 Alphabetic Characters, In That Order
Ex:- Sdwa62541n
Pan Will Be Checked For 5 Alphabetic, 4 Numeric, And Followed By 1 Alphabetic Character,
In That Order. The 4th Character Will Be Checked For A Valid Deductee Type (C, P, H, F, A, T,
B, L, J, G). Ex:- Auepp4376j
Introduction
Tally Payroll Is Integrated With Accounting To Give The User The Benefits Of Simplified
Payroll Processing And Accounting.
Tally Payroll Enables Users to set up and Implement Salary Structures, Ranging from Simple
to Complex, as per the Organization’s Requirements.
Tally Payroll Also Supports Configurable Formats For Pay slip Printing; Flexible Salary/Wage,
Attendance, Leave And Overtime Registers; Gratuity And Expat Reports.
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Payroll Info.
The Payroll Info Allows You To Set Up The Employee Defaults And Standard Payroll
Information With Common Payroll Fields Used For Calculating Earning And Deductions.
Info:
Pay Heads
Employee Groups
Employee
Salary Details
Units (Work)
Attendance/Production Types
Voucher Types
In The Units Creation Screen, Select The Type Of Unit From The List. Select The Symbol From
The List.
A Simple Unit In Tally Is A Single Independent Unit And Has No Relationship With Other Units,
While A Compound Unit Refers To Two Simple Units Having An Arithmetical Relationship And
Is Not A Distinct Unit.
Attendance/Production Type
The Attendance / Production Type Is Used To Record The Attendance And Production Data.
Based On The Component (Pay Head) Structure, You Can Define Multiple Attendance /
Production Types.
Examples for Attendance / Production Types Are No. Of Days Present Or Conversely, No. Of
Days Absent And Production Based Such As Hours Worked, Number Of Pieces Produced.
Pay Heads
The Salary Components Constituting Pay Structures Are Called Pay Heads. A Pay Head May Be
An Earning, Which Is Paid To An Employee, Or A Deduction, Which
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Is Recovered From His/hers Salary. The Value Of These Pay Heads Could Be Either Fixed Or
Variable, For Each Payroll Period.
Employee Group
Tally Allows You To Set Up Default (Common) Information For Employees. An Employee
Group Allows You To Group Employees In A Logical Manner.
Salary Details
Select The Basic Pay Heads That Applies Most For Your Employees And Create As An
Employee Group. However, It Is Not Compulsory For All Employees To Have The Same
Compensation Structures As Of The Employee Group. If Required, A Pay Head Element Or Its
Value May Be Added, Deleted Or Altered At Individual Employee Level.
Payroll Vouchers
In Addition To The Existing Voucher Types In Accounting And Inventory Module, Two New
Voucher Types Attendance And Payroll Are Enabled When Payroll Feature Is Activated In F11:
Features.
Pay slip
A Pay slip is a Document Issued to an Employee That Itemizes Each Component of Earnings
and Deductions, And the Net Amount Paid to an Employee for a Given Pay Period. It Provides
Visibility To An Employee Of How The Net Amount Has Been Arrived At.
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Go to Gateway of Tally > Display > Payroll Reports > Statement of Reports > Pay slip
Problemno.1: - Calculate The Net Salary Payable To Mr. Ravi Accountant For The Month Of April
As Per The Following Particulars.
,,
Cca@10% ,,
,, 20000 - 200
---000---
Problem No.2:- Mr. Dinesh Is A Sale Executive In Dasarth Motors Company Worked On
Attendance Base. Find Out His Net Salary For The Month Of May By Using Below Information.
It Is A Linking Voucher. It Is Used To Update The Stock Information After Entry Of Credit Note
For Sales Returns.
Purchases Vouchers
1. Alt+F4 > Purchase Order
This Voucher Is Used To Record The Particulars Of Stock Ordered On Account Of Credit
Purchases.
2. Alt+F9 > Receipt Note
This Voucher Is Used To Record The Particulars Of Stock Received From The Suppliers On
Account Of Credit Purchases For The Purchase Order Sent.
3. F9 (Ctrl + V) >Purchases Voucher
This Voucher Is Used To Record The Purchase Transactions Relating To The Stock Received
Through Receipt Note. It Is Necessary To Prepare This Voucher To Up-Date Purchases Account
For The Stock Received By Receipt Note.
4. F9 > Purchase Invoice
Used to Record All Types of Purchase Transactions When the Voucher Is Prepared Stock
Information, Godown Information Along With A/C’s Information Will Be Updated.
5. Ctrl+F9 >Debit Note (Purchase Returns)
This Voucher Is Used For Recording The Transactions Relating To Goods Sent Back To
Suppliers On Account Of Purchase Returns.
6. Alt+F6 > Rejections Out:-It Is a Linking Voucher. It Is Used To Up-Date The Stock
Information After Entry Of Debit Note For Purchases Returns.
What Is A Godown, How To Create Multiple Godowns
Godown Means Place, Where Entire Stock of the Company Is Stored Is
Known As Godown. The Godown May Contain Different Stock Groups, Stock Categories and
Stock Items at Various Levels.
To Create Multiple Godowns In Tally Follow The Steps:
Open The Company
Press F11 And F2 At Gateway Of Tally
Set Option “Yes” To Maintain Multiple Godowns
Press Ctrl+A To Save.
Select Inventory Info At Gateway Of Tally
Select Godowns And Press Enter
Select The Option Multiple Godowns And Create
Type The Godown Name, Select The Appropriate Godown Under Which New Godown Will
Work.
Press Ctrl+A To Save.
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Note: - Press The Button F11 (Company Features) And F2 To Activate Inventory
Features.
---000---
Enter the Following Transactions
1. Started Business With The Trade Name Jubilee Jewellers
> Johnpeter Opening Capital 30, 00,000
> Opening Stock
25gms Gold Necklaces 50 No’s @60,000each Stock Being
Maintained At Showroom-I
2. Additional Capital Introduced By Johnpeter 50, 00,000
3. Opened Bank A/C in American Express Bank &Deposited Rs 28,
00,000
4. Purchased Furniture For Rs 1,00,000 And Paid By Cheque
5. Purchased Electronic Weighing Machine Rs15000 And Paid By Cheque
6. Purchased 1computer For Office Use Rs25000 And Paid By Cheque
7. Cash Withdrawn For Personal Use Rs 10000
8. Cash Withdrawn From Bank For Business Use Rs 100000
9. Paid Telephone Deposit Rs 3000 & Electricity Deposit Rs10000 in
Cash
10. Paid Advertisement To Sridevi Add Agency Rs 1,
75,000 by Cheque
11. Interest Received 95000
12. Sales Order Received From SS Jewelers For The Followings
> 35 No’s 25gms Necklaces@75000 At Showroom No.1 Gst@3%
13. 5nos Of 25gms Necklaces Sales Invoice Made For Bank Cheque @75000 At Jubilee
Showroom-I @3%GST.
14. Stock Delivered To Ss’ Jewelers For The Sales Order Received
15. 2 No’s 25gms Necklaces received back from a Customer Which Has Been Settled in
Cash.
Closing Stock Has Been Transferred To Showroom-II (Gold under Schedule 3)
---000---
Problem on Inventory Vouchers
Best Company Started A Business From 01.04.17 And Maintains His Accounts In Tally With
Inventory.
> Opening Balances As On 01-04-2017
Cash in Hand 5, 00,000
Cash at Sbi 2, 00,000
Office Buildings 5, 00,000
Vehicles 50,000
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Manufacturing Journal
Sampling Charges 5%
Power 15%
Primary Packing 20%
Ans: 5,304 per Kg
Job Costing
Job Costing Is A Form Of Specific Order Costing, Which Applies To A Job
Undertaken According To Customer Requirements And Specifications. Tally primeEnables The
Tracking Of Cost And Revenue Information Down To The Smallest Detail. With A View To
Ascertaining The Actual Costs Incurred For Each Job, Each Job Is Assigned A Job Number Or
Job Name. Job Costing Systems Then Accumulate Costs Separately For Each Product Or
Service, Based On The Jobs Undertaken, For Each Product Or Service. Some Of The Examples
Of Job Costing Are Interior Decoration, Construction, Architecture, and Printing Etc.
To Determine The True Cost For Each Job Broken Down By Locations
To Determine The Revenue And Expenditure And Therefore The Profit
Associated With Each Job
To Track Overhead Costs By Allocating Them For Each Job
To Identify Loss On Projects At An Early Stage
Problem: ABC Construction Company Started Two Projects One at Guntur and Another at
Amaravathi. Their Books Are Showing The Following Particulars & Enter The Transactions Find
Out The Profit Or Loss For Each Project And Also Overall Net Result On The Two Projects Using
Job Costing.
1. Stock On Hand At Vijayawada Warehouse
> Cement 500 Bags @250/-
> Iron 100 Tons @16,300/-
2. Cash On Hand 25, 00,000
3. Cash Deposited In Indian Bank 15, 00,000
4.
5. Purchases The Following Raw Materials From The Local Suppliers
Particulars For Guntur For Amaravathi
Project Project
Working:-
1. Create Company “Accounts with Inventory”
2. Press the Buttons F11 and F1 (Accounting Features)
> Maintain Cost Centers – Yes
> Use Cost Centre for Job Costing – Yes
> More Than One Payroll/Cost Category – Yes
3. Press the Buttons F11 and F2 (Inventory Features)
> Maintain Multiple Godowns – Yes
> Use Different Actual &Billed Quantity - Yes
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Example:
If Purchase Value Of Goods Is Rs.10, 000/-, The Buyer Will Pay An Amount Of Rs.10, 000/- +
X (X Being The Value Of TCS As Prescribed Under Income Tax Act, 1961) To The Seller. The
Seller Will Deposit The Tax Collected At Source (TCS) At Any Of The Designated Branches Of
The Authorized Banks.
The Seller, Lessor Or Licensor, Is Responsible For The Collection Of Tax From The Buyer,
Lessee Or Licensee. The Tax Is Collected For Sale Of Goods, On Transactions, Receipt Of
Amount From The Buyer In Cash Or Issue Of Cheque, Draft Or Any Other Mode, Whichever Is
Earlier.
Under TCS,
Central Government
State Government
Local Authority
Statutory Corporation Or Authority
Company
Partnership Firm
Co-Operative Society
Any Individual/HUF Whose Total Sales, Gross Receipts Or Turnover From The Business Or
Profession Carried On By Him Exceeds The Monetary Limits
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Specified Under Clause (A) Or Clause (B) Of Section 44ab During The Previous Year.
A Buyer Is Classified As A Person Who Obtains Goods Or The Right To Receive Goods In Any
Sale, Auction, Tender Or Any Other Mode. The Following Are Not Included:
Alcoholic Liquor For Human Consumption Including Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL)
Tendu Leaves
Timber Obtained Under A Forest Lease
Timber Obtained By Any Mode Other Than Under A Forest Lease
Any Other Forest Produce Not Being Timber Or Tendu
Scrap (Scrap Means Waste And Scrap From The Manufacture Or Mechanical Working Of
Materials Which Is Usable As Such Because Of Breakage, Cutting Up, Wear And Tear And
Other Reasons)
Licensing Or Leasing Of Parking Lot, Toll Plaza
Mining And Quarrying
The End