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AREA: Ciencias Naturales SUBJECT: Chemistry
TEACHER´S NAME: Nicolás Felipe Acosta Muñoz DATE:
NAME: GRADE:
Types of Mixtures Laboratory
OBJECTIVE b. Pour some water to the vegetable oil inside the 250-mL
beaker and mix the substances each other using a stirrer
Use different methods of separation of mixtures to identify c. Grab one separatory funnel and set it using a universal
the components of a mixture and use physical properties support and 1 flask support clamps as shown in the
to obtain them. picture.

MATERIAL
3 250-mL beakers containing different mixtures
1 funnel
1 piece of filter paper
1 separator funnel
1 stirrer
1 stove oven
1 universal stand
1 flask support clamps
1 centrifuge d. Once the separatory funnel is set, stir the mixture of
1 centrifuge tube vegetable oil and water and pour it inside the separatory
1 dropper funnel. Check the separatory funnel valve and stopcock
10 g of table salt (NaCl) are closed.
Tap water (H2O) e. Let the mixture idle for 5 minutes until you see the
Distilled water substances separated, then, put a 100-mL beaker below
Sand and open the valve gently. Let the first liquid pours
50 mL of vegetable oil completely inside the beaker. Close the valve again when
50 mL of whole milk all the liquid at the bottom of the separatory funnel is
10 g of sugar (sucrose C11H22O11) poured out. Answer the next questions:
 What kind of mixture is the oil and water?
 What happens to the water in the mixture inside
SEPARATION OF MIXTURES METHODS the separatory funnel?
 What is the function of the valve of the separatory
Mixtures can be solids as sand and concrete; liquids as funnel?
seawater or some cleaning products; and gases as the air  Why do we have to wait for 5 minutes to pour out
and the gases from the factories. This diversity of the substances of the funnel? Explain
mixtures have created several ways to separate the  What kind of mixtures can be separated using this
substances which are composed of. Some procedures as methods? Give two examples.
filtration, decanting, and evaporation are one of the most  Draw the steps of the process of decanting
common methods used in chemistry, but also between vegetable oil and water seen in the
centrifugation and chromatography are used. experience.

LABORATORY ACTIVITY 4.3 Evaporation

1. Gather round with some of your classmates forming
groups of 4 people.
2. Check the material that is going to be used by the
teacher in class.
4. Follow the instructions of teacher in order to make a
good laboratory practice. Answer all the questions in your
Chemistry notebook.
4.1 Filtration
a. Pour some sand into the 250-mL beaker
b. Pour some water to the sand inside the 250-mL beaker
and mix the substances each other using a stirrer.
c. Grab 1 funnel and put it in a universal stand.
d. Take a piece of filter paper and put it inside the funnel
in a conical way, trying to make the paper forms a layer
over the funnel’s glass. Use a few drops of water to
maintain the paper over the funnel.
e. Pour the mixture of sand and water inside the funnel
containing the filter paper. Look what happens to mixture
and solve the next questions:
 What happens to the sand in the mixture?
 What happens to the water in the mixture?
 What is the function of the filter paper inside the
funnel?
 What kind of mixtures can be separated using this
method? Give two examples.
 Draw the steps of the separation of the mixture
using filtration method seen in the experience.
4.2 Decanting
a. Pour some vegetable oil into a 250-mL beaker
a. Put some water inside one of the 250-mL beaker
b. Add some sugar (C11H22O11) to the water inside the
250-mL beaker. Mix both substances using a stirrer
c. Put the 250-mL beaker containing the mixture in the
stove oven and let the mixture to evaporate. Answer the
next questions:
 What happens to the sugar (C11H22O11) in the
mixture inside the beaker?
 Which substance evaporated after heating?
Explain why.
 What kind of mixtures can be separated using
evaporation?
 Draw the steps of evaporation of a solution of
sugar (C11H22O11) seen in the experience.
4.4 Centrifugation
a. Take a centrifuge tube and fill it ½ of its capacity with
whole milk.
b. Place the centrifuge tube in one of the holes of the rotor
of the centrifuge.
c. Close the centrifuge machine and set the apparatus at
6000 rpm (revolutions per minute) for 15 minutes.
d. When time is up, take out the centrifuge tubes and
observe the changes. Then, solve the following questions:
 What happed to the milk inside the centrifuge
tube?
 Which substances were separated from milk?
Which one is in the top, and which is at the
bottom?
 What kind of mixtures can be separated using
centrifugation? Give two examples?
 Draw all the steps of the centrifugation process
seen in the experience.