Applied Mechanics Department, MNNIT Allahabad, India-211004

Tutorial Sheet-3 (Centroid, Moment of Inertia etc): Engineering Mechanics (AM-11101)

B.Tech (1st Semester), Session 2019-20
1. Explain the difference between the Centre of Gravity (CG) and the Centroid. How would you find the location of
the Centroid of an arbitrary area, using the First Moment of the area, with respect to a given coordinate system?
2. Define Moment of Inertia of an area with respect to a given coordinate axis system. What is Parallel Axis
Theorem? What is Polar Moment of Inertia of a given area and how can you calculate this from the moments of
inertia of the area about the X-Y axis system? What is Radius of Gyration?
3. Derive expressions for the moments of inertia and the product of inertia of a given area with respect to the X-Y
axis system oriented anticlockwise at an angle  with respect to the X-Y axis system, assuming the quantities to
be known with respect to the later (X-Y) axis system. Then explain Mohr’s Circle of Inertia and how would you
obtain the Principal Axes, the maximum and the minimum values of the moment of inertia from this circle?
4. Derive the location of the centroid of the following, with respect to an arbitrary reference coordinate system.
(i) A triangular area (ii) A rectangular area and A parallelogram (iii) A trapezoidal area (iv) A semi-circular area
(v) Arc of a circle (vi) A hemisphere and (vii) A right circular cone about their base.
5. Starting from the first / basic principle, determine the first moment and the moment of inertia as well as the
product of inertia of the rectangular and the triangular areas about all the axes systems [i.e., X-Y, X-Y
(centroidal axes) and X-Y whichever applicable], as shown in Fig.-1 and Fig.-2, respectively. Also obtain the
polar moment of inertia, locate principal axes and calculate principal moments of inertia for these areas.
6. Determine all the quantities, as in previous problem, with respect to the centroidal horizontal and vertical axes for
the angle section shown in Fig.-3. Also obtain the polar moment of inertia, orientation of principal axes and
calculate principal moments of inertia for this area.
7. Locate the centroid with respect to the X-Y axis system for the quarter of the circle shown in Fig.-4. Then derive
expressions for the first moment, moment of inertia, product of inertia and polar moment of inertia for the same.
Also locate its principal axes and obtain the moments of inertia about these axes. Determine similar quantities for
a complete circle of same radius, with centre located at the coordinate (a, b).
8. Determine similar quantities, as in previous problem, for the shaded areas shown in Fig.-5 to Fig.-7.
9. A line load of quadratically varying intensity wx kN/m [i.e., w(x)] is acting on a beam as shown in Fig.-8.
Determine the value and the location of the line of action of the resultant load. Also calculate the moment due to
this load about the supports (A & B) of the beam. Assume the origin of the coordinate axes is located exactly at
the support A. [Further clarification: w1 = 36 kN/m and w2 = 96 kN/m]
10. The different moments of inertia, for a given area and coordinate axes X-Y, are: Ixx=25 cm4 , Iyy=15 cm4 and
Ixy=10 cm4. Determine the values of moments of inertia about axes making angles of 30, -45 and 60,
respectively with the positive X axis, measured in anticlockwise direction.
11. Calculate the moments of inertia about the centrodal horizontal and vertical axes of the ‘T’-shaped area shown in
Fig.-9.
12. Determine the ratio R1/R2 for which the centroid of the semi-annular area, as shown in Fig.-10, is located at (-R2
/2, 0).
13. Determine the first moment, the moment of inertia and the radius of gyration about the horizontal centroidal axis
(perpendicular to the line of symmetry) of the built-up composite section shown shaded in Fig.-11. The area in
Fig.-11 is obtained by removing the circle from the rectangle and adding it at the bottom of the same.
14. Explain, with due mathematical expression, the Mass Moment of Inertia for an object. Calculate the mass
moment of inertia about the centroidal axes of a solid sphere, a solid cylinder and a solid right circular cone.
Y Y
Y
Y
Y Y
b/2 b/2
X
90
d/2 60
90 r
X X

d/2 20
X X
90
X 100
Figure-4
Figure-1 Figure-2 Figure-3
Y
X
Y 20
Y
a a
x = k y2
y=mx Y 20
y =kx n h
b y =kx 2
y =kx 2
X X
X
Figure-6 Figure-7
Figure-5

Y
wx = x 2 + 7x +18 150
w2
10

w1
X
A R2
290

B
4m
2m 2.5 m
Figure-8 R1 X
Y 10

Figure-9 Figure-10
1m
Symmetry
Line of

2m

Notes
0.5 m
 Dimensions, if not mentioned, are in mm
 Figures are not in Scale
Figure-11