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Batik Rusyda Semarang merupakan sebuah UMKM yangbergerak di bidang jual beli berbagai macam jenis
barang dalam motif batik. Dalam proses pencatatan transaksi dan penyajian laporan, Batik Rusyda Semarang
masih melakukannya secara manual yaitu menggunakan nota dan buku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk
mengembangkan aplikasi sistem informasi akuntansi di Batik Rusyda Semarang. Metode yang digunakan untuk
mengembangkan sistem yaitu dengan metode RAD. Tahap metode RAD terdiri dari perencanaan kebutuhan,
workshop desain RAD, dan implementasi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara,
observasi, dan studi pustaka. Output dari sistem ini adalah laporan pembelian, laporan penjualan, laporan
persediaan, laporan laba rugi dan laporan posisi keuangan. Dengan menerapkan sistem ini, diharapkan
pengguna lebih mudah dalam menjalankan proses bisnisnya.
Abstract
Batik Rusyda Semarang is a MSME engaged in buying and selling various kinds of items in batik motifs. In the
process of recording transactions and presenting reports, Batik Rusyda Semarang still does it manually by
using notes and books. Aim of this research is to develop application of accounting information system in Batik
Rusyda Semarang. Method used in developing the system is RAD method. Stages in RAD method consist of
requirements planning, RAD design workshop, and implementation. Data collection method that is used is
interview, observation, and literature review. The outputs of this system are purchase report, sales report,
inventory card, income statement, and statement of financial position. By implementing this system, it is
expected that users will be easier to run their business process.
1
Batik Rusyda Semarang is a MSME located in purchase report, and inventory report; and to
Kampung Batik Gedhong No. 410 Semarang which present financial statement which consisting of
sells various kinds of batik motif in various income statement and statement of financial
products, such as fabrics, clothes, bags, accessories, position.
prayer equipment, slippers, etc. For supplying its
inventories or products, the owners of Batik
Rusyda buy them from suppliers. Each product has LITERATURE REVIEW
a code set by the owner based on the initials of the
supplier’s name followed by certain numbers System
according to the owner’s provisions. The code is Definition of system according to Mulyadi (2016:
printed on each product along with the price. The 4): “System is a network of procedures that was
number of transactions that occur in Batik Rusyda made according to an integrated pattern to carry out
are quite a lot but the transaction records are still the company’s main activities”. While a system
manual like using bills and books. Each sales according to Baridwan (2010: 4): “System is a unit
transaction is recorded in a note first then recorded consisting of parts called subsystems related to the
again into a book to calculate the total sales for purpose of achieving certain goals”.
each day. In the process of recording to the notes,
they often have difficulty remembering what items Information
have been sold due to the large number of According to Krismiaji (2010: 15) Information is
customers who come. While for purchase data that has been organized, and already has their
transactions, the owner only collects notes or bills uses and benefits. The data is processed into useful
from purchases that was made in a month, then in information for decision makers to make better
the end of month the owner calculate the total from decisions. The quality of information can be seen
the bills and record the total in the book. Of course from certain characteristics. Puspitawati (in
that is not effective and efficient also the chance of Iskandar and Juandy, 2015: 44) explained that
mistakes is very high. The owners do not report the quality of information depends on four aspects,
financial statements well, they only record in a they are:
book how many daily sales they get seen from the
bills, and collect purchase invoices or receipts for Information System
being totaled at the end of the month so they will According to Romney in Krismiaji (2010: 16), an
know how many profit they get. The use of books information system is ways that are organized to
can cause the risk of data loss. For inventory, there collect, enter, process, and store data, and
is no record for stock items so they do not know the organized methods to store, manage, control, and
exact number of stocks and have to check it at all report information so that an organization can
times. achieve the objectives set.
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b. CCD (Charge Couple Devices) Scanning: the goals to be achieved. There are three phases in
scan very close to barcode the RAD method namely:
c. Laser Scanning: no need to bring barcode 1. Requirement Planning
very close This phase describes identification of system
d. Image Scanning: capture image and then requirements, information needs, obstacles
read barcode faced and problem solving, and purpose of the
e. RFID scanning: works on radio and detect system as an effort to achieve company
active/passive tags objectives presented by identifying feasibility
f. Object Recognition: recognize shapes of the new system.
2. Scanner by Application a. System Weaknesses Analysis
a. Fixed Scanner: connected by USB, need to The method that is used to analyze system
scan each barcode by hand weaknesses in this research is Root Cause
b. Hands-Free or Fixed Mount Barcode Analysis (RCA) with fishbone diagram as
Scanners: fixed on table, just put the item the tools.
in front to scan b. System Requirement Analysis
c. Bluetooth Scanner: connected with PC This analysis describes the requirements
through bluetooth of hardware, software, information and
d. Portable Scanners: works offline and have users to support the development of the
their own memory, it can be brought new system.
anywhere to scan and then later synch data c. System Feasibility Analysis
with PC through cradle System feasibility analysis needs to be
e. Wireless scanner: connected to PC/server done to find out whether the new system is
through the wireless network better than the old system. Feasibility
analysis of the new system can be seen
Financial Statement from several aspects, they are:
According to Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (SAK) 1) Technology Feasibility
issued by Ikatan Akuntansi Indonesia (IAI) (2016), 2) Legal Feasibility
the objectives of financial statement are to provide 3) Operational Feasibility
information related to financial position, 4) Economic Feasibility
performance, and changes in financial position of
company which beneficial to a large number of 2. RAD Design Workshop
users in decision making. This phase is a phase to design and repair or
refine which can be described as a workshop.
RESEARCH METHOD During the RAD design workshop, the user
responds to the existing prototype and the
Method of Collecting Data analyst corrects the modules designed based on
In this research, the methods used to collect data the user's response. This phase consists of two
are interview, observation, and literature review. activities, the first one is work with users to
The interview technique in this research is done by design the system using UML, and the second
asking questions to the owner and staff about the one is build the system.
business process and other explanation related with
this research. The purpose of this interview is to 3. Implementation
know scope of the system that will be developed. After the design of the system that will be
While for the observation technique is done by made already approved both by the users, then
visiting Batik Rusyda Semarang and observed the at this stage the programmer develops the
business activities. Method of collecting data by design into a program and testing it to see if
literature review is done by searching on internet, there is an error or not before being applied to
some books and journals that related with the the research object. After passing the trial and
subject of the research. This method is used as a refinement process, then the new system is
supporter of the analysis and theories used in introduced to the company so that it can be
research. used to help their business process.
3
They buy the goods from suppliers and sell them to 2. System Requirement Analysis
customers. The average turnover obtained every a. Hardware Requirement
month is Rp 80.000.000,00. Besides that, they have Hardware requirement include the
only one employee that helps them to sell goods hardware needed at the time of making the
and record transactions, while the reports are done program and at the time of implementing
by the owners. program in the research object. This
system requires computer hardware with
Requirements Planning minimum specifications as follows:
1. System Weaknesses Analysis 1) Processor : Intel Dual Core
Method that is used to analyze weaknesses of 2) RAM : 2 GB
the current system of Batik Rusyda Semarang 3) Harddisk : 500 GB
is Root Cause Analysis (RCA) with Fishbone 4) Monitor : Standard
Diagram for the tools. The following figure is 5) Keyboard : Standard
a fishbone diagram of problem which was 6) Mouse : Standard
obtained after conducting interview and 7) Printer : Ink Jet
observation in Batik Rusyda Semarang. 8) Wi-Fi : Standard
b. Software Requirement
The minimum software needed on a
computer system to run a new system is as
follows:
1) Operating system Windows 7
2) Microsoft Visual Studio 2013
3) XAMPP
4) Database MySQL
5) Microsoft Office
Figure 1. Fishbone Diagram of problem in Batik
Rusyda Semarang
c. Information Needs
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
Documents needed to support the
application that will be developed so that
The symptoms of the factors causing financial
it can produce the report needed by the
statements are not made properly formulated in
user are as follows:
the following table.
1) Invoices/bills/receipts of purchase
Table 1. Symptoms of Factors in Fishbone transaction
Diagram 2) Invoices/bills/receipts of sales
No Factor Symptoms transaction
3) Bills/receipts of cash disbursement
- There are some errors in recording
transactions because it is done manually.
d. User Needs
- There is no cashier or employee who The users needed to operate the
1. Man handle finance. application of Accounting Information
- Both owners and employees have low System that will be developed are the
owners (admin) and employee (other user).
understanding of accounting financial
The owners (admin) have full access
standards.
rights to manage master data, transaction
- The process of recording transactions and data and view reports. The employee
reporting it is still done manually. (other user) has the right to input
- Purchase transactions are only recorded at transaction data and view reports.
the end of the month by only recording
3. System Feasibility Analysis
total purchases in a month (the purchase System feasibility analysis needs to be done to
2. Method
invoices are collected and bundled find out whether the new system is better than
together). the old system. Feasibility analysis of the new
- There is no record for stock items so they system can be seen from several aspects, they
are:
do not know the exact number of stocks
a. Technology Feasibility
and have to check it at all times. The feasibility of technology is done to
- Only using calculator for calculating outline the reasons why the new system is
3. Machine
transactions and reports. technically feasible or not. Looking at
current technological developments, the
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
4
new system is feasible to use because the RAD Design Workshop
new system has been computerized to RAD Design Workshop is done by making design
make it easier for company to carry out which focuses on the solution that has been set at
operational activities to be more effective the Requirements Planning stage. At this stage, the
and efficient. user responds to the prototype and the designer
fixes the module designed based on the user’s
b. Legal Feasibility response. System modeling that is used to design
System development is legally appropriate the accounting information system in Batik Rusyda
if it does not violate the applicable law. Semarang is UML which is described with Use
Implementation of the new system should Case Diagram, Class Diagram, Activity Diagram,
not cause problems in the future due to and Sequence Diagram.
violation of applicable law, especially in
the use of software related to system 1. Use Case Diagram
support. This application uses software
that is often used to create applications by
other programmers and only used for
educational purposes like XAMPP,
MySQL, and using original version of
Windows 7. There is no violation of the
law in making and running this application
so that the application is legally feasible.
c. Operational Feasibility
A proposed system is feasible
operationally if the system provide
information that is really needed by the
user at the right time. The system is built
according to user needs. Owner and
employee only need to do application
operation training in a while for adapting
to the new system. The changes are
significant but do not interrupt the daily
operations of the company, so this system
can be declared feasible operationally.
d. Economic Feasibility
An economic feasibility study needs to be
done to analyze the costs incurred and the
benefits to be gained from the new system. Figure 2. Use Case Diagram of Accounting
System development requires resources Information System
that are expected to provide benefits such (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
as savings or new benefits.
2. Class Diagram
Table 2. Conclusion of Costs and Benefits
Analysis Method
Feasibility
No. Method Result Conclusion
Terms
1 year
Payback The sooner
1. 4 months Feasible
Period the better
17 days
Return on
More than
2. Investment 51,76% Feasible
0%
(ROI)
Net Present
Rp More than
3. Value Feasible
6.766.573,20 Rp 0
(NPV) Figure 3. Class Diagram of Accounting
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) Information System
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
5
3. Activity Diagram c. Activity diagram of Reports
Figure 4 through Figure 6 are some of activity
diagrams of the developed system.
4. Sequence Diagram
Sequence diagrams of the developed system
are shown in the following figures.
Figure 4. Activity Diagram of Master Data
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) a. Sequence diagram of Supplier
6
c. Sequence diagram of Reports the record on field is
number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
hargabeli
(13,0) the record on field is
number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
hargajual
(13,0) the record on field is
number
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
Figure 9. Sequence Diagram of Reports
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) c. Table of Jurnal
Table 5. Table of Jurnal
5. Database Design Table
jurnal
Design of some database for application of Name
accounting information system in Batik Field Data
Description
Rusyda Semarang can be seen in the following Name Type
tables. Using varchar for data
varchar type because the record
nojurnal
a. Table of Akun (15) on field is alphabet and
Table 3. Table of Akun number
Table Using date for data type
akun
Name tanggal date because the record on
Field Data field is date
Description
Name Type Using varchar for data
Using varchar for data varchar type because the record
nobukti
varchar type because the (20) on field is alphabet and
kodeakun
(4) record on field is number
alphabet and number Using varchar for data
Using varchar for data varchar type because the record
uraian
varchar type because the (50) on field is alphabet and
namaakun
(50) record on field is number
alphabet and number (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
Using decimal for data
decimal type because the d. Table of Detail Jurnal
saldoawal
(13,0) record on field is Table 6. Table of Detail Jurnal
number Table
detail_jurnal
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) Name
Field Data
Description
b. Table of Barang Name Type
Table 4. Table of Barang Using varchar for data
Table varchar type because the
barang nojurnal
Name (15) record on field is
Data alphabet and number
Field Name Description
Type Using varchar for data
Using varchar for varchar type because the
kodeakun
data type because (4) record on field is
varchar
kodebarang the record on field is alphabet and number
(4)
alphabet and Using decimal for data
number decimal type because the
debet
Using varchar for (10,2) record on field is
data type because number
varchar the record on field is Using decimal for data
namabarang
(50) alphabet and decimal type because the
kredit
number (10,2) record on field is
number
decimal Using decimal for (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
stok
(3,0) data type because
7
e. Table of Penjualan (12,0) data type because
Table 7. Table of Penjualan the record on field is
Table Name penjualan number
Data Using decimal for
Field Name Description
Type decimal data type because
total
Using varchar for (14,0) the record on field is
data type because number
varchar
nomorjual the record on field (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
(14)
is alphabet and
number 6. Interface Design
Using date for Some of interfaces design for application of
data type because accounting information system in Batik
tgljual date
the record on field Rusyda Semarang can be seen in the following
is date figures.
Using varchar for
data type because a. Menu Utama Form
varchar
namacustomer the record on field
(30)
is alphabet and
number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
totalbarang
(3,0) the record on field
is number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
totalbayar
(12,0) the record on field Figure 10. Design Form for Menu Utama
is number (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
b. Master Akun Form
f. Table of Penjualan Detail
Table 7. Table of Penjualan Detail
Table
penjualan_detail
Name
Data
Field Name Description
Type
Using varchar for
data type because
varchar
nomorjual the record on field is
(14)
alphabet and
number
Using varchar for
data type because
varchar
kodebarang the record on field is
(4)
alphabet and Figure 11. Design Form for Master Akun
number (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
Using varchar for
data type because c. Master Barang Form
varchar
namabarang the record on field is
(50)
alphabet and
number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
hargajual
(13,0) the record on field is
number
Using decimal for
decimal data type because
jumlah
(3,0) the record on field is
number
potongan decimal Using decimal for Figure 12. Design Form for Master Barang
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
8
d. Laporan Data Supplier Form h. Laporan Laba Rugi Form
Implementation
1. System Testing
Testing stage is used to test whether the
application that has been developed runs as
expected. The method used for testing is black
Figure 15. Design Form for Buku Besar box method. This method aims to examine the
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) functionality of a system application as
opposed to the internal structure of the system
g. Laporan Penjualan Form application.
9
Supplier Kode Warning [ x ] Accepted
Neraca Saldo View beginning trial Akun is appeared: “Isi [ ] Rejected
Awal balance not filled terlebih dahulu
Transaksi Add purchase transaction when kode akun”
Pembelian data adding
Retur Pembelian Add purchase return data new
Penerimaan Add receipt of goods from account
Barang purchase return Nama Warning [ x ] Accepted
Transaksi Add sales transaction data Akun is appeared: [ ] Rejected
Penjualan not filled “Nama akun
Koreksi Stok Change inventory stock when wajib diisi”
Hapus Pembelian Delete purchase adding
transaction data new
Hapus Penjualan Delete sales transaction account
data Saldo Warning [ x ] Accepted
Jurnal Umum Add general journal data Awal is appeared: [ ] Rejected
Buku Besar View general ledger not filled “Saldo Awal
Laporan View current inventory when tidak boleh
Persediaan Saat stock and balance adding dikosongi.
Ini new Apabila tidak
account ada saldo
Kartu Persediaan View inventory card
awal, harap
Laporan View purchase report
diisi dengan
Pembelian
angka 0”
Laporan Retur View purchase return
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
Pembelian report
Laporan View sales report
b. Transaksi Penjualan Testing
Penjualan
Table 10. Transaksi Penjualan Testing
Laporan Jurnal View journal record
Test Expected Test Result
Neraca Saldo View current trial balance Scenario Result
Laporan Laba View income statement Add sales Message [ x ] Accepted
Rugi transaction appeared: [ ] Rejected
Laporan Posisi View statement of correctly “Data berhasil
Keuangan financial position disimpan”
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) Goods Warning [ x ] Accepted
data is not appeared: [ ] Rejected
Test results that have been done are described filled “Daftar barang
in the following table. when yang dijual
saving masih
a. Master Akun Testing sales kosong”
Table 9. Master Akun Testing transaction
Test Expected Test Result Jumlah is Warning [ x ] Accepted
Scenario Result not filled appeared: [ ] Rejected
View Data appeared [ x ] Accepted when “Jumlah
account successfully [ ] Rejected adding to barang harus
data sales list diisi”
Add new Message [ x ] Accepted Delete Selected [ x ] Accepted
account appeared: [ ] Rejected goods data goods deleted [ ] Rejected
correctly “Akun berhasil from the from the sales
ditambahkan” sales list list
Edit Message [ x ] Accepted (Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
account appeared: [ ] Rejected
“Data akun c. Laporan Penjualan Testing
berhasil Table 11. Laporan Penjualan Testing
terupdate” Test Expected Test Result
Delete Message [ x ] Accepted Scenario Result
account appeared: [ ] Rejected Display Sales report [ x ] Accepted
“Data akun sales based on date [ ] Rejected
berhasil report successfully
dihapus” based on displayed
10
date a. Menu Utama
Display Sales report [ x ] Accepted
sales based on [ ] Rejected
report keyword
based on search
keyword successfully
search displayed
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019)
11
e. Transaksi Penjualan i. Laporan Posisi Keuangan
CONCLUSION
Based on the research and development that has
f. Buku Besar been done, it can be concluded that this research
was able to design and develop the application of
accounting information system with barcode
scanner for Batik Rusyda Semarang. Information
generated from this application includes managerial
reports such as sales report, purchase report, and
inventory report. Other information that can be
generated by this application is financial statement
Figure 23. User Interface for Buku Besar which consists of income statement and statement
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) of financial position. This computerized accounting
information system using barcode scanner is
g. Laporan Penjualan expected to be able to present the data needed by
Batik Rusyda in real-time and produce financial
reports in accordance with applicable rules. The
output of this research is also expected to help the
owners of Batik Rusyda Semarang in recording
their business activities accurately, quickly, and
efficiently. The financial statement that are
presented by this application can help making
decisions for the better continuity of the business.
Figure 24. User Interface for Laporan Since this application is still far from perfection, it
Penjualan is recommended for the next developer that will be
(Source: Processed Primary Data, 2019) developing the application of accounting
information system on the future research to
h. Laporan Laba Rugi complete the application software with cash flow
statement, statement of changes in equity, payroll
system, and other report in order to complete the
information needed by the owner.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Baridwan, Zaki. 2010. Sistem Akuntansi,
Yogyakarta: BPFE.
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Hashim, N. M. Z. et al. 2013. Barcode Recognition
System. International Journal of Emerging
Trends & Technology in Computer
Science (IJETTCS). 2(4): 278-283.
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