٢٥٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 
 

١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٥٨

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ٢٥٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ، ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦٠

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
‫א‬‫א‬ -
K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-

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 
 ٢٦١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
،‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ، ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦٢

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬، 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬
(١)
، ،EHyracania‫א‬
(٢)
 K   ‫א‬‫א‬

  Encyclopedie de l' Islam, (art Djurdjan), ٢ed., Paris, ١٩٥٤, t I, ١٠٩٧ ' sqq,)E١F
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
K٢٠٦،١٩٩٨،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
 K٢٧١،١٩٨٧،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ٢٦٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬‫א‬، 

‫א‬‫א‬K ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬?W  ‫א‬
(١)
 K?،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 ،E٨٧٢–٨٢٠L٢٥٩–٢٠٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–٨٦٧L٢٩٠–٢٥٤F‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
–٢٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬ ،E٩٠٣

K١١٩٢،١٩٧٩،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬،،‫ א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
،١٦،٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،٥٨،١٩٨٥،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،١٩٨٨،،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،٣٤٩،١٩٨٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٩٧
‫א‬،،٦٩٣
 ،٧ ،٤ ،١٩٨٦، ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،١٤،١٩٩٠
K٧،١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬E٣F
،‫א‬،،٤،١٩٧٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،٢٨٨٧،١٩٨٢،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٠٢،١١٥
 ،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٦٩٣٧،٤ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٩٠
‫א‬‫א‬،،٣٥٩
 ،١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،٣٤٣،١٩٨١،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K١٣٤–١٢٣،‫א‬،
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦٤
(١)
–٢٦١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،E٩٢٨–٨٦٤L٣١٦
(٢)
  KE٩٩٩–٨٧٤L٣٨٩
‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬
(٣)
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
(٥)
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،،٤،‫א‬،‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬E١F
‫א‬،٩٢–٩١
 ،‫א‬،،٥٠٤،٤٣٤،٢٤٨٧،‫א‬
K٦٥–٦٢١٩٩٩،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،٦،،‫א‬،٣٢٥
 ،١٩٨٥،،‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ E٢F
،،٧ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢٦٣
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬،
،١٠٣_١٠١،١٩٦١،‫א‬،‫א‬K ،،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣٨٦،،
K،٥٤،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E١٣٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣F 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،WK ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،٦٢٩،٦٠٣–٨٥٩،،W‫א‬‫א‬،٤١٧–٤٠٩،١٩٨٥،
‫א‬،،١٦١
 ،،
،٨٥،٢٠٠٠،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K ،‫א‬‫א‬
K
K٢٩٧،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
K٤١٧،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٥F
 ٢٦٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K ، ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
E١٠١٢–٩٧٦L٤٠٣–٣٦٦F 
(١)
 K٩٣١L٣١٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، 
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬،٦٣٩L١٨،  ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬، 
(٤)
٢٩‫א‬ K
،،٦٥٠٦٤٩L٣٠

،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٧٧،٢٥٩ ١٤٨
 ،،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬E١F
،،٣٩٩
 ،،،،٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬
K٦٧–٦٤،‫א‬،،٥٤–٤١،‫א‬
K‫א‬١١–١٠،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٤،،‫א‬E٣F
،‫א‬،٤٨–٤٦،،‫א‬K١٥٢٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
،‫א‬،W ‫א‬K١٢١
 ٢ ،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،١٢٨،٣٨،١٩٦٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K
،‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٤٨–٤٦
 ،‫א‬
K٦٨١١٢٢،٢،١٩٦٠،‫א‬،
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦٦

F
(١)
  KE
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ، ‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،   ،٧١٥L٩٧‫א‬
‫א‬
(٣)
 K  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
، K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢٦٧،١٩٨٧،
K١٥٣،٤ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٠٧،E١٣٠٢،F
،٢٠٦
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٥
 ٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٥١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٤٦،١٩٨٨،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K ‫א‬‫א‬،،E٣F
،‫א‬،٢٠٠،١٩٨٥،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٧٠–٤٦٩،‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٦٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
(١)
  K‫א‬
،٧١٦L٩٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬، 
،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
  ،
‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧١٦L٩٨

K٤٧٠–٤٦٩
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠١–٢٠٠
 ،،E١F
E٤٠
 ،،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K
‫א‬،٤٧٢–٤٦٩،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠١
 ،‫א‬،E٢F
،‫א‬،٢٥٠٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٥٤٤–٥٤١
 ٦ ،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،٢٩٩–٢٩٨٦،١٩٧٧،،‫א‬،K ،‫א‬
K٢٠٧،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٦٨

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،   ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،E٧١٧L٩٩F‫א‬
K ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬،Mar Hyrcanum
(٣)
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٩
 ،،‫א‬،٤٧١
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٣٤٨،‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٩٢
K٥٤،٤٩،،‫א‬،٤٧٢–٤٧١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬،٢٧٤
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٢٤
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
=
 ٢٦٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
 K
  ‫א‬، ‫א‬،
‫א‬، 
،،  ‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ،
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ،‫א‬
 (٥)
K
E  F‫א‬
‫א‬ 

=
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٢٩٧
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٩
 ٢ ،‫א‬‫א‬
K٤١٨
،‫א‬،١٢٠٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
 W‫א‬‫א‬K١٢٠٣٤٨،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
  
KE١٢٠،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬F
K٢٧٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
٢،،
 ‫א‬،٢٨٢
 ،،‫א‬،٣٢٥–٣٢٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٩٢
K٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٤–٢٧٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
K٤١٩–٤١٨،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٢٧٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٥F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٠

‫א‬‫א‬،
(١)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬
،‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬
(٤)
 ،  
(٦) (٥)
E‫א‬F‫א‬     ،
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٧)
‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬

K٤١٨،‫א‬،،٢٧٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٤،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٢٠،،،٢٧٥–٢٧٤،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٧٢،،‫א‬E٤F
K٢٧٤،،‫א‬E٥F
K٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E٦F
K٤٢١،،،٢٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E٧F
 ٢٧١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(٢) (١)
 ،، W 
(٧) (٦) (٥) (٤) (٣)
 ، ، ،‫א‬ ، ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٨)
‫א‬ ،،W 
(٩)
 ،‫א‬
(١٠)
W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
(١١)
  ?‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬W،

K٢١٠،،‫א‬E١F
K٢١٠،،‫א‬E٢F
K٢١٢،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٣٧،،‫א‬E٤F
K٢٠٥،،‫א‬E٥F
K١١٦،،‫א‬E٦F
K٢٠٩،،‫א‬E٧F
K٤٢١،،،٢٥٤٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٨F
K١١٩٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
K١١٩٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٢٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E١٠F
K١١٩٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٢٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E١١F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٢
(١)
، ‫א‬ ،،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ،‫א‬
K ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،   ‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ،?  

K٤٨–٤٥،،‫א‬،١٥٢٦،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٤٨–٤٦،،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬K٤٨
 ،،‫א‬E٣F
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٨٧٠١٤٧٨،٣
K٤٧٩٣٢٣٠،١،١٩٩٣،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤F
،‫א‬،١٥١٢٠١٩٢١١،١٩٨٣،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٠٠٢٩١،
 ٢٧٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬‫א‬
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  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬،
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  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬،
،  ‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
،٧١٦L٩٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K   ‫א‬
‫א‬

K٢٠٠٢٩١،،‫א‬E١F
K٢١٥٣٣٥،،‫א‬E٢F
K٥١،٤٩،،‫א‬E٣F
K٤٩،،‫א‬،٢٦٥،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٤

، ،٧١٦L٩٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،E٧٢٠L١٠٢F
(١)
  K‫א‬
،٧١٦L٩٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
،    ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?W‫א‬
(٣)
 K? ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬K٢٣٦
 ٣٨١،،‫א‬E١F
،٣٠٠٦ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٢٥٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٥٩٧–٥٧٨٦
K٢٢٤–٢٢٣،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،٤١٥،٣٩٦،٢٤٢،١٣٩‫א‬K٥٢،،‫א‬E٢F
K٥٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
 ٢٧٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬
E١٠L٤F‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
(٥) (٤)
 K‫א‬ ،،‫א‬

K١٠٤٨٧،،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥٦،،‫א‬E٢F
KE٢٤١٣٩٠،،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٠٥،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬E٣F
K٩٧٦١،،‫א‬W‫א‬E٤F
١٣–١٢WK١٣٧–١٣٦١٤٦،‫א‬،‫א‬W  ‫א‬E٥F
K‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٦

‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
 K ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،،   ‫א‬
(٢)
 ،،   ‫א‬
(٣)
  KE٩٢٨L٣١٦F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،E٩١٧L٣٠٤F‫א‬
‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
(٥)
‫א‬ K
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬

K٣٢٦–٣٢٥،٥٨٨،،‫א‬E١F
K‫א‬٥٦W ،٣٩٦–٣٩٥٦٦٥،،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٥٨–٢٥٧٤١٨،،‫א‬E٣F
K٥٦،،‫א‬E٤F
K٢٤٥W ،٣٨٨٦٤٦،،‫א‬E٥F
 ٢٧٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
 K،٩٠٢L٢٨٩
(٢)
 KE٩٠٨L٢٩٦F‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤) (٣)
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٦) (٥)
،، ، ،WK
،،،،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  
(٧)
 K‫א‬،،‫א‬،،،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
(٨)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬

K٣٨٩٦٤٨،،‫א‬E١F
K٣٩٧–٣٩٦٦٦٦،،‫א‬E٢F
K١٧٣٢١٩،،‫א‬E٣F
K١٩٧٢٧٩،،‫א‬E٤F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥٧،،‫א‬E٥F
KE١٠٦٩١،،‫א‬FE٩٨٨L٣٧٨F‫א‬
،،‫א‬FE٩٨٠L٣٧٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦F
KE١٨٧،٢٥٢
K٥٧–٥٦،،‫א‬E٧F
K٢٨٠٤٧٨،،‫א‬E٨F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٨

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ، 
،٨١٨L٢٠٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬،‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬
، ‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٦٠
 ٦٢٠‫א‬،٥٧
 ،،‫א‬E١F
K٤٤٧–٤٤٤١٢٩،١،١٩٥٨،‫א‬،‫א‬
K٤١٩،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٣٥١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٣٣٣٦٠٩،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٠٠٢٩٠،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
 ٢٧٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٨٦٨L٢٥٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
(٢)
  K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K
، ‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
 KE  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢١٣٣٢٩،،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬، E٢F
،،٢٢
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،،١٢٤،١٩٨٦،‫א‬
K٩١،١٥،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢٨٢–٢٨٠،٣٧٥–٢٧٤
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
،٣٤٠،٤٦٩‫א‬،،‫א‬،١٥٤
 ،٤٧٥،١٩٨٦،،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٢٢،٣٣٨
K١٩٩٠،،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬٢٦–١٧،٢٢–١٦،١٩٨٧،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨٠

‫א‬، 
W
  ‫א‬، ‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
(٢)
‫א‬ K‫א‬
(٣)
 ،      ‫א‬،‫א‬

=
،‫א‬،١٢٨–١١٥،١٩٤٨،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،،٥٨،١٩٣٦،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٦٨٤–٦٦١،٤٨–٤٤،١٩٥٨،‫א‬،‫א‬
،٧٦–٧٠،١٩٧٩،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
K٧٢–٦٢،٢٠٠٤،‫א‬
K٢٨٣،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٢٨٣،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬‫א‬K٤٧٩٥،١٩٦٦،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
،? ‫א‬?W ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K?‫א‬‫א‬?W ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٠٦ ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W
 
W ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ٢٨١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،١ ،١٩٥٠، ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٥–١٩٠،١٩
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٠٤–١٩٨
،١٤٠–١٣٤،٣،١٩٨٥،،‫א‬‫א‬،K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،١٤٤–١٤٠
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،١٩٨٦،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،١٩٩٣،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٩٥–٩٣
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢١٩–٢١٠
 K١٣٧–١٣١،٢٠٠٣،‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬‫א‬،٨L٢ ،E٨٦٩L٢٥٥F
K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬W
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬‫א‬
١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢١٤–٢٠٢
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٣٣،٢٢٨،٣،٢٦٥،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٥
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 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨٢
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، 
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ K
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬

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‫א‬،،٨٨–٨٧،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،١٠٨
 ،١٠٧–١٠٦،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 www.rafed.net/mawsoah/F١٤.htmlE‫א‬‫א‬F 
،١٩٩٠،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،W 
K١٩٩٠،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢٨٠
 ،،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬K
 ‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨–١٩٥،‫א‬
K٢٨٥،،‫א‬E٢F
 ٢٨٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
  K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬K
(٣)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
E١٠١٠L٤٠١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

K٢١١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E١F
K٢٨٢–٢٨٠،،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٥٤،٨٨٧،‫א‬،٣٢٤
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K١٢٠–١١٩،٢
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨٤

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
?W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K? ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٢١١٠١،،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬،١٧
 ،،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
K١٤٦،١،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
 ٢٨٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،?W،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K?  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬?W 
،‫א‬K?  
(٢)
?W‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ ،?  ‫א‬
 ?W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٥٥
 ،٢ ،١٩٦٥،،،‫א‬E١F
،٤٥
 ،١ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٨٤
 ١ ،،،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٠٠١
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٩–٢٠٨،١٩٨٥،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،E٤٨٧–٣٠١F‫א‬،‫א‬،٦٦١،١٣٩٠،‫א‬
K١٣٧،١٩٨١،‫א‬،‫א‬–‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٠٣٧٣١٠٨ ،٢ ،‫א‬‫א‬
٥ ،‫א‬‫א‬،،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،١٨٢،٥ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٦٨٠–٦٧٩٣٩٢٦،٦٧٩٣٩٢٥
K٢٠٦–٢٠٥،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،١٨٢٥،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٥٣٢ ،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢١٠،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨٦
(١)
  K?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬، 
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
K   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
(٥)E١٠٠F
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬W ،٤٣،١،‫א‬‫א‬،٨٥–٨٤،١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٥٧–١٥٦
 ،٢ ،
،٢٨٧–٢٨٢
 ،٢ ،١ ،١٩٩٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K١٣٨–١٣٧،‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢١٠،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٣٠٠–٢٨٨،٢،١،،‫א‬E٢F
، ‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٠٠٢،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
www. Kalemat.org،‫א‬
K٦٦٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
K٣٠٤–٣٠٠،٢،١،،‫א‬E٥F
 ٢٨٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،،W
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
(٢)
  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٤٣–،١٣٨–١٣٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٤٧٨١٨٥٤،٤٤٥١٨٢٠،٥،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٨٨

‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W ،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬
،،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K?‫א‬?W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

K٢٣٩،٣٨٩،،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٧٩
 ،٥ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٣٧٦–٣٧٥٦،١٣٢٦
K٢٤٠،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٢٨٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬،   ،
  ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
(٢)
‫א‬ K  

‫א‬‫א‬K٢٤٠–٢٣٩،،‫א‬E١F
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،،‫א‬،‫א‬W ،‫א‬‫א‬
،٥٠–٤٢٢،١ ،،،E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٥١٦–٥٠٧
 ،٤ ،‫א‬،١٩٦٢
K٣٢٠٣،،،E‫א‬F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٦١
 ،٢،،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K 
K٥٠٠–٤٤٩،٣٧٦،١،٢٠٠٠
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٩٠

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،  
(٢)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٨٩٢٨٨٥L٢٧٩٢٧٢F
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬K
‫א‬،،?  ?
‫א‬K  ،
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬?W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬

،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٣٣،١٣٩W،٦١،،‫א‬E١F
٧٧،١،٢٠٠٤،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
–٢٧٣١٩٨٦، ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٧
K٢٧٤
،١ ،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٦١
 ،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٢٤٢
 ٢٩١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
 K? ‫א‬،  ‫א‬،  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،
،  ‫א‬
W، ‫א‬‫א‬،
(٢)
  K‫א‬K??

K١٠٣–١٠٢٢٩١٣،٣،،‫א‬E١F
، ‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،٧٨٤–٧٨١
 ٢ ،١٩٨٤،،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧–٢٢
 ٤ ،٢٠٣،١٩٩
 ٣ ،،،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،٢٠٩–٢٠٨،١٠٤–١٠٣٣ ،،‫א‬،٤٥–٤٣٣،٦٣٥٢
،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٣٥٩–٣٥٨
 ١ ،١٩٤١
 ‫א‬،٣٤–٢٥
 ،١٩٨٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
،١٩٦٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٥٤٣–٥٤٢
 ‫א‬،‫א‬،١٢٩–١٢٨
  ،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
K٤٧٣،٤٥٣٢،١٩٩٨،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٩٢

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
(١)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
(٢)
  K?‫א‬
‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K?  ? ‫א‬
F K ،
‫א‬K  E
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬W
،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،٢٣٦W‫א‬،،‫א‬E١F
K١٥١١،١٦٧٩،١٧٣٣،١٧٣٧،١٧٣٨،٢١٢٧،٢١٣٢،٢٥١٧،٢٩١٥،٢٩١٣
K٦١،،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٥٦،٤١٦،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٢٩٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬?W‫א‬
(١)
،?   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‘‘
(٢)
، 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ K، ‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، ٦٥
 ،٧،،‫א‬E١F
–٤٦٣٧٣،١٩٩٠،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٤٦٣٩
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٤١٢٣،١٩٨٨،‫א‬‫א‬
K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
،١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٨٠١٧٠
K١٤٠٨٦–١٤٠٨٥،٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٦٥٧،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٩٤
(١)
  K
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
? ‫א‬
 ،?  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 K ‫א‬
?W ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬،?‫א‬
(٤)E١٢٢F
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٥)
‫א‬ ،E ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

،E١٣٢٩‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،E١F
K٣٠٩٤٩١،‫א‬‫א‬،١٣٨٣،‫א‬
،١٥١٩٢٢٤،٥ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٤٨،٣٩٩،،‫א‬
K٢٥٧٤١٦،،‫א‬،٦٦٠٢٠٤٨١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F 
،٣ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤١٧–٤١٥
 ١١٤٥٢،١١٤٥٠٦ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
–١٤٨٨٠،١٤٨٦٩،٤٦٤١٣٨٩٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٥٨–٥٧٧
٤ ،،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٤٨٨٤
K٣٣٤
K٣٥١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٥F
 ٢٩٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

?W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،? ‫א‬‫א‬ 
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،، ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،١٢٣٩٤–١٢٣٩٣١٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F
،٦٥٧١٩،٩٠٤،٨٤٣،٨٣٢،٣٤٦،٢٨٨١٧–١٥،١٣١٥٤–١٣١٥٣
،،‫א‬،E٦٧٥٢٢،١٠٨٤،٩٧٥–٩٧٤٢٠،٩٢٢،٨٧٩
K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٥٧
 ٤١٦
،٩١٣٤،١٩٨٤،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
١٠٧٢  ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٤٦١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٢٣
‫א‬،٣٨١‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
 K٤٤٤٨٤٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،١
 ١ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬،
 KE١٢٥–٧٥،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٩٦
(١)
 K  ‫א‬،?  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
L٣٢٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬،E٩٣٥
(٣)
،   ،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬  
،٩٨٤L٣٧٤‫א‬،‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣٧٤‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K٩٩٩L٣٩٠

K٥٠٠٣٥١٦٥،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٤٤٤،٨٤٣،،‫א‬E٢F
.٤٥٤،٩٩٧٥،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٢٩٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)،
 ٩٩٥L٣٨٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
(٢)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٩٩٠L٣٨٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
? ‫א‬?W
(٣)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬،‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K٩٩٠L٣٨٥‫א‬،

K٤٥٥،،‫א‬E١F
K٩٩٨٩٢٨،٣،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
،١٢٤٦،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٥٢–١٥١١،١ ،،E٣F
–١٥١،١،١٩٦٤،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،٣٧١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٥٥٨٨٨،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٦
‫א‬K٤١،١٩٨٨،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
?W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١٤٦٥٨٦،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬F?‫א‬‫א‬
K٤٦٤،٩٢٧،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٩٨

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬K  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬ E٩٣٦L٣٢٥F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ?W
‫א‬K?‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬،  ،
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

١٨٢٢–١٨٢١،٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٧١–٧٠٦،٢،،E١F
‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٢٧،٤ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٦٨
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٧٤٥٤٩٥L١٠٤٣٣،١٩٨٨،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،٩٩٨٣،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٥٧٩،‫א‬
K٤٠٦٤–٤٠٦٣٣،‫א‬
،‫א‬،١١٠٢٣٣١٤،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٩٧،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
٩،٢٥٤،١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٧٥
 ،٣ ،‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٣٢٣٣١٤L٢٦٧٩،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٥٧
K٥٦٣٣،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
 ٢٩٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 K
  ،‫؟‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  KW،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K١٠١٤L٤٠٥
‫א‬W،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

K٢٦٩١٨٢٣،٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K١٢١١٠٢،،‫א‬E٢F
K١٢٢،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٦١–٢٦٠،٤٢٤،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٠

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬٧١٦L٩٨‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬  ، ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬
، ‫א‬،،‫א‬
(٣)
  K
،‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٢٢٨٣٦٧،،‫א‬E١F
K٣٣٧–٣٣٦٦١٨،،‫א‬E٢F
 W‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٣٣٧–٣٣٦،‫א‬،‫א‬F
 ٣٠١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،E٧٣٣L١١٥F
‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬W‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
(٢)
 K? ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W،‫א‬
‫א‬، ،  ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،    ‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬،٣١٨
 ،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬W E١F
،‫א‬،٩٣–٨٤١٩٩٨ ،٦ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٩٨١،١ ،‫א‬
٨٨،١٩٧٣،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬،K ،‫א‬
K١٤٧١،١٣٥٠،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣٩
K٣٥٧–٣٥٦،،‫א‬E٢F
K٣٥٨،،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٢

‫א‬‫א‬،E٧٧٠L١٥٣F
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   K  ‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬ K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ،   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬
(٥ )
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬
?W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬،‫א‬
(٦)
  K،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬ E١F
،‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
،،‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٨٧–٢٨٥،،‫א‬F
K٣٥٤–٣٥٣–٣٥٠–٢٤٤–٣٤٢–٣٣٦،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٣٥٤–٢٨٥،٣٥٠،٣٥٣،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
،‫א‬K٣٤٢،٢٨٥
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬، 
KE٢١٨–٢٦٧،٣٤٠
K٣٤٣–٣٤٢W ،٣٧٧٦٣٠،،‫א‬E٥F
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٦F
=
 ٣٠٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، 
?W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬،  K?  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
(٢)
،‫א‬W  ،  ،?
(٣)
K ‫א‬ ،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،?‫א‬ 
(٤)
?W ‫א‬   ، 

=
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٧٧،،‫א‬،٢٠١١٦٦٦٢ ،١٩٩٦
K٢٣٠١٠
‫א‬K٥٩١،١٣١١،٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
–١٥٤،٤٧٦،‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
KE١٥٥
K٢،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
K٢٠١٢٩٢،،‫א‬E٣F
K١٦٥١٦٢١،٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٤

?W
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
(١)
  K?

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٢٠٢–٢٠١،٢٩٢،،‫א‬E١F
K٥٣٥،١١٣٣W ،٢٠١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٥١٧،١٠٦٩،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٥٠،٤٠٤،،‫א‬E٤F
 ٣٠٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
L٢٠٣ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬K   ،٨١٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?  ‫א‬‫א‬?W
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ K?
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬،
، ‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٣٦٢–٣٦٠،٦٢٠،،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬،١٥١٩٢٢٤ ٥ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٤٨٣٩٩،
،‫א‬،٢٤٩–٢٤٨،٣٩٩،،‫א‬E٣F
K٣٥٧،١٩٨٩،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٤٨،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٦

‫א‬
٣ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،،٩L
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬?
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬K?
(٣)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
 ،
  ‫א‬E٨٤٥L٢٣١F‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬،٨٤١L٢٢٧
(٥)
  K?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E١F
‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٥٢٧٢٩،١٩٨٥،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٩٢٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٧٦٨١٦،‫א‬
،‫א‬،١٠٥٨
 ٣١٧٠،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٧٢٦ ،،E٢F
،‫א‬،٢٨٠٩ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٠٢٧،٤،‫א‬
K٩٢١٤١١١–٤١١٠٣،‫א‬
K٦٣٦٧،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
٢،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٠٦،١٢٤٠،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٤F
K٤٢٠
K٣٨٦،٦٤٠،،‫א‬E٥F
 ٣٠٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬‫א‬، 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ،E٨٩٨L٢٨٥F
(٣)
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE٨٩٨L٢٨٥F
 ، 
‫א‬،  ‫א‬،

K٣٨٦،،‫א‬E١F
١٩٥٧،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W ،‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١٠٤،١١٨٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٦٤
K١٩٠،٢،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬E٣F
K١٠٥٨٨،،‫א‬،٨٤٣٢،١،١٩٩٦،
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
‫א‬‫א‬،٦٢٢،٦٤٩ ٢،١،‫א‬،١٠٤١١٨٥،١٩٨٤،
K١٩٣،٣،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٨
(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬E٩٣٤L٣٢٢F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W
K  ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬
‫א‬K  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  ‫א‬ K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،?  ‫א‬،  ،  ‫?א‬W 
(٣)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٠٥،٨٨،،‫א‬E١F
K٥٢١،١٠٨٤،،‫א‬E٢F
،١١٧٠٣٥٣٨،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٨٩١، ‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K١٨٧،٢٥٣،،‫א‬
K٤٩٥،١٠٠١،،‫א‬E٤F
 ٣٠٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،E٩٣٥L٨٥٦–٣٢٣–٢٤٢F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ K  
‫א‬W 
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  
(٢)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٩٧٤L٣٦٤
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K، ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W   
،?‫א‬W،‫א‬

٩٢،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٨١٧،٣،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F

K٢٠٢–٢٠١
K٨١٧،٣،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٦،٤٦٦،،‫א‬E٢F
  ٤٣١ – ٤٣٠ ١٨١١،٥،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣١٠
(١)
  K‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ?  ‫א‬?W 
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
(٣)
   ‫א‬،   ‫א‬،  ‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،٩٠٢L٢٩٠‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٩٠٩L٢٩٧

‫א‬،٦٠–٥٩٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٧،٤٦٦،،‫א‬E١F
K٨١٧،٣،٢،‫א‬
K٢٧٦،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٨١٨–٨١٧،٣،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٨١٧
 ،،‫א‬E٤F
،‫א‬،١٢١
 ،٢ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٢٨
 ،١ ،‫א‬
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٩٩،٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣٣٥،٣،١٩٩٩
 ٣١١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
 K?  ?‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?‫?א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
  ، 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، 
K‫א‬،‫א‬

،٦٥٧،‫א‬W ،٢٦٧–٢٦٦،٤٤٣،،‫א‬E١F
K١٢٢–١٢١،٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٥٧–٢٥٦٤١٦،١٥٥١٧٩
،٢٧٢–٢٧١١٨٦،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٦٧
 ،،‫א‬E٢F
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K١٥٧،١٩٩٤،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،١٩٨٤‫א‬، E٢٥
 ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩٨٨،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣١٢

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
، ‫א‬‫א‬K
K W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?، ‫א‬
(١)
  K ‫א‬?‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬?W‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ?
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬–
 ،٢–١
 ١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K٢٨٥–٢٨٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٩٤١–٩٤٠،٨٩٣،٣،٢‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٦٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
 ٣١٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬?W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K? ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W ‫א‬
(١)
 ،? ‫א‬‫א‬،  
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٥)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٦٥،٧،،‫א‬E١F
K٤١٣–٤١٢٣،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٨٠‫א‬١٧٠،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
،١٧٩،،‫א‬،١٧١١،‫א‬‫א‬،،E٤F
K١٥٥
K٢٦١،٤٢٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٥F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣١٤

،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K 
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?W 
(١)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?W ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?  ‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٢٠٣٤٧،،‫א‬E١F
،٦ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٢٠٠٣،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥٠
 ٣٨٦٠
٢٤٨٩ ،٢١٩٨٣،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٤٥٤،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣٢٩–٣٢٨
K٥٦،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
 ٣١٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬W
  ‫א‬
(١)
  K?
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
  ‫א‬‫א‬ K٩٩٠L٣٨٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)K
E٩٨٨L٣٨٨F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٩٨١–٨٩٠L٣٧١–٢٧٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،
،‫א‬

K٢٢١–٢٢٠،،‫א‬E١F
K٥١٣،١٠٥٠،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٨٢،٢٧٦٤،٧،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٦٤٦١،،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣١٦

‫א‬،٩٠٢–٩٠٠L٢٨٩–٢٨٧
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?W
‫א‬ ،? ‫א‬
(١)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)

 ‫א‬ ،   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?W ‫א‬
،  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

،٨٢١،١ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F

،٢٠٨٦٣٤ ،١،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٦٩١ ،١ ،،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٦٨٢٦٠،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬،E١٢١١،١،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،٣١٢١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٦٩٨  ،
،٨١
 ٣٦٨ ١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬، ١٠٤
 ٦٣٤L٥١٧ ،١ ،
K٨٢٣٧٢
K٧٤،٥٥١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
١٣٥٧٢،١٢ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٣٦٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K١٠٩K١١٥٩٨،،‫א‬،٣٢٨–٣٢٧
 ٣١٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،  ‫א‬
،   ‫א‬
 ،٩٠٨L٢٩٦‫א‬
(١)
، ‫א‬  K
E٩٢١L٣٠٩F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬
(٣)
K ،E٩٢٨L٣١٦F‫א‬
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W ‫א‬،   ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬?
‫א‬‫?א‬W ،?
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬K ‫א‬

K١٠٩،،‫א‬E١F
K٢٥٥٤١٥،،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٥٧٤١٨،،‫א‬E٣F
K٤٤٤٨٤٣،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣١٨

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
K  ‫א‬K 
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
  K‫א‬
E١٠٠٥–٩٤٤L٣٩٦–٣٣٣F‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ،?‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،٩٩٤L٣٨٤‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،
‫א‬K٩٩٦L٣٨٦،‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٦–١١٥،–١١١–١١٠،،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬،٩٤٧،٣،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬W  K٣٥٨،‫א‬
،‫א‬،٧٣،‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٥١٢٨٦،‫א‬
‫א‬،٣٨١٨٦٧،‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٩٩–٢٩٧،٢٠٢،١،‫א‬
K٧٥٣،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣١٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
(٢)
 ،?‫א‬?‫א‬E٩٥٩L٣٤٦F‫א‬
‫א‬K،  ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K١٤٧١٧٠،،‫א‬E١F
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٣٥٠،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٤٩–١٤٨،،‫א‬F
K٣٥٤
 ٨٠٥،‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٤٢٣،٢١٤،١٦٧،١١١ ‫א‬،،‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬K
K١٠٣١،٩٦٢،٩٥٣،٨٩٧،٨٧٩،٥٨٦
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٠

‫א‬،
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?W ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

(٢)
‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،? 
(٣)
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
E١٠١٤L٤٠٥F‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،E٩٤٩L٣٣٧F
(٤)
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٥)
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،

K١٤٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K١٤٩،،‫א‬،٤٥٩–٤٥٨٤١٨٩،٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٩٩٣ ،‫א‬‫א‬،،E٣F
K٧٧٥،‫א‬‫א‬
K٤٥٣٨٨٣،،‫א‬E٤F
K١٦٤١٩١،،‫א‬E٥F
 ٣٢١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W ‫א‬
‫א‬،K?‫א‬
(٢) (١)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬?W 
‫א‬‫؟‬W‫؟‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫؟‬>   W
W>‫א‬
،   ‫א‬،
(٣)
  K?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬
، ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ،   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٣٣٤٨،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٨٩٤،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٨١٦،‫א‬،E١F
K٧٢١٢٩،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٥٣،،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
(١)
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬،  ‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ K?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

K٨٨٣،٥٢٨،٥٢٧،٤٤٤،٢٤٨،،٦٣،‫א‬،،‫א‬E١F
K٤٥٣،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٥٣،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٢٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
L٤٠٥،٩٧٦L٣٦٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٠١٤
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
W،‫א‬‫א‬
(٣) (٢)
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ،‫א‬

K١٨٦،٢٢١،٢٧٥،٢٦٠،٢٦٦،٩٨–٩٧W،،‫א‬E١F
K٤٦٥–٤٦٤٩٢٧،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٦٥٩٢٩،،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٤
(٣) (٢) (١)
‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ،
‫א‬‫א‬،٩٩٤L٣٨٤‫א‬
‫א‬،٩٩٥L٣٨٥‫א‬
(٤)
  K٩٩٦L٣٨٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،٩٧٨L٣٦٨
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE٨٤٩L٢٣٥F‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W 

K٤٦٥٩٢٨،،‫א‬E١F
K٢٢٦٣٦١،،‫א‬E٢F
K٢٢٦٣٦٠،،‫א‬E٣F
K١٧٠،،‫א‬E٤F
 ٣٢٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ K?
٩٩٤L٣٨٤،
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
(٢)
‫א‬ E٩٨٧L٣٧٧F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬ W  ‫א‬

K٣٩٩–٣٩٨،٣٠١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٦٤،،‫א‬E١F
٣٢،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٣٢–٤٣٠،٧٧٩،،‫א‬W ‫א‬E٢F
، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣٨٧،٨٨٢،‫א‬،‫א‬،٩٧١
K٩٠،٣
K٤٠٠،٢،‫א‬،‫א‬W ‫א‬K٤٦٥–٢٢٦،٤٦٤،،‫א‬E٣F
K٤٦٥،٢٢٦،،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٦
(١)K
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  (٢)
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،،
‫א‬،  ‫א‬W 
  ،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K
، ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬?
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬
‫א‬، ،

K١٤٨،،‫א‬E١F
K٤٦٥،٢٢٦٩٢٩،٩٢٨،٣٦١،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٩٤،١٠٠٠،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٢٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
(٢)
 ،E،‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E٦٧٠L٨‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E  ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬، 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
،،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،١٩٨٤،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬E١F
٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٤٩٤
 ،،‫א‬،١١٨
 ٢
K٤٦٩
K١٨٧١–١٨٧٠٤٠٠٣،١٨٠٩٣٢٩٢،٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
٤‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٤٩٤
 ،،‫א‬، ٧٥
 ٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K١٨٧١
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢٨

،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬K
، ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬F  ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E ،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ، ‫א‬ ،‫א‬
(١)
  K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
=
 ٣٢٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WK‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٩٦٥L٣٥٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،،E٩٨٧L٣٧٧F‫א‬
،،‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬،٩٧٨L٣٦٨‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬

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،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٩٥٨–٨٨٥٣ ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٢٧–٢٥،‫א‬
،٣ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٩٥٥،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٩٨–٦٠
‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٣٢–٤٠١١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٨٩–٧٠
K٥٠٦–٤٨٩،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٣٨–١٣٤،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٠

K  ‫א‬‫א‬،  

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
(١)
‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،،
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢٤٩L٦٤٧F
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٢٢،٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١١٦–١١٤،،‫א‬E١F
K١٦،٨،١٩٦٩،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
 K١١٩١،‫א‬‫א‬،٣٣١١،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬WE٣F
 ٣٣١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬?E‫א‬
(١)
 K ?‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬E‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
، ‫א‬
،‫א‬W ، 
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٧–١٦٢٨١٨،٨،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
K١٥١،١٧٤،،‫א‬E٢F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٢

(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،١٠١٥L٤٠٥
‫א‬‫א‬
،٩٩٣L٣٨٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬ ?‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 ،‫א‬?
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
،،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

K٢٠٩،٣١٦،،‫א‬E١F
W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٦٨٠٢١٠٥،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
٢١٠٦ ،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬F?
 ،‫א‬?W ‫א‬‫א‬
 ?W ‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE٦٨٠
KE٨٨٢٤٨٣،٥،‫א‬F?،
K٨٨٢٤٨٣،٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٣٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K  ،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬?W
K?   ‫א‬،
  
(١)
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬W
(٢)
  K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
، 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٩٦٤L٣٥٣
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٩٧٧L٣٦٧‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
(٣)
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩٧٨L٣٦٨
،‫א‬‫א‬

٧،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٨٩،٦٤٧،،‫א‬E١F
K٣٨٣–٣٨٢
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤–١،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
K٦٥٧،٣،‫א‬
K٤٤٧،٨٥٩،،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٤

،K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩٧٨L٣٦٨
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٩٩٩L٣٩٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 ،‫א‬،E٩٥٢L٣٤١F‫א‬
(٣)
  K،

K٤٤٨–٤٤٧،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬،٣٤١‫א‬‫א‬ E٢F
W ‫א‬K ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،٨٥٢٣،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٧٦
 ،١ ،١٩٧٢، ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٣٥٢٨٠١،‫א‬،‫א‬،١١١
 ١١٤٧،‫א‬
K٣٥٤٣،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K١٩٩٢٨٨،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٣٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٩٧L٣٨٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
،? ،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ?
(١)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  (٢)


‫א‬‫א‬K٨٥٢٣٢،٢ ،‫א‬، ،‫א‬E١F

،‫א‬FW ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،٢٠٠،‫א‬،‫א‬،E٨٥–٨٤٢٣١–٢٣٠٢،‫א‬
K٤٥–٤٤١،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،١٨٣٩٣٣٤٣،٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
=
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٦

 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،٨٦٨L٢٥٤
‫א‬K  ‫א‬W ،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
  K

=
،،‫א‬K٢١٦٣٣٤٤،٨
،‫א‬F‫א‬،E٣١٨٥٦٠،،‫א‬F
KE٣٥١–٣٥٠،‫א‬
،٢٥ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬WK٢٥٢–٢٥١٤٠٦،،‫א‬E١F
K٨٠–٧٥٢٠٤–١٨٣
 ٣٣٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،?  ‫א‬?W 
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–
 –
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬

K٢٥٢،‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٣٤١٣٥٨٨،١٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E١F
١٦٢–١٦١،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،١٨٨،٨٤–٨٣٧ ،،
 E٢F
K٣٢١،‫א‬،‫א‬،٥٧
K‫א‬‫א‬٩E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٣٨

K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬
K 
(١)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ،٩٩٤L٣٨٤‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬ ،‫א‬
(٥)
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
(٦)
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬

K٢٩٢،٢٨٥،٢٤١،،‫א‬E١F
K١٤٨١٧٠،،‫א‬E٢F
K٤٨٢٢٧٦٤،٧،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٧٦٤٦١،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٨٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
K٢٨٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٥F
K١١٩٢،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٤٦،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٦F
 ٣٣٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
  
(٢)
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬W
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،??W
‫א‬W  ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬

K٤٢١،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K٢٨٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K،
KE٢٨٢،‫א‬،‫א‬F،
K١٩٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
K١٤٢١٧٣٣،٢،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
،١٤١١٧٣١ ،٢ ،‫א‬،‫א‬،٦٩
 ٣ ،١ ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
K٣٣٤–٣٣٣،٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤٠

، ‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F  ‫א‬
–‫א‬–،‫א‬E  
،  
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ K  
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ،   ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

K٢٨٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،٢٨٢
 ،،‫א‬،٤٦
 ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K١١٩٢
K٤٤٤٨٤٣،،‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٤١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
(١)
  K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
(٢)
  K٩٩٦L٣٨٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬٢٣‫א‬K١٤٨–١٤٧،،‫א‬E١F
K١٤٧،،‫א‬E٢F
K٣٤٩،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤٢

،‫א‬‫א‬L  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E٩٥٦L٣٤٥F  ‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  
(٢)
 K   ‫א‬
‫א‬،٩٧٧L٣٦٦‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ،

‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣٢٤
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬،E١٤٨
 ١٧٠ ،‫א‬،‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٩٩–١٩٨٢٨٦‫א‬،،‫א‬F،
KE٣٣٣٦٠٨،٤٥٢٨٨٣
،،٣٥٢–٣٥٠
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
K١٤٩،‫א‬،‫א‬،٣٥٢،٣٥٠
 ٣٤٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

(١)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬،٩٢٠L٣٠٦
٣٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
(٤)
 K‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬،٨٤
 ٧ ،١٣٥٩،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E١F
K١٤٩،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K١٥٠،،‫א‬،٣٦٥٢E٣٠٦‫א‬F،١٩٨٣،‫א‬،‫א‬
K١٥٠،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
K٢٨٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤٤

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬‫א‬ ،E٨٠٩–٧٨٦L١٩٣–١٧٠F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
(٢)
  K١٠١٠L٤٠٠
‫א‬
 ?،‫א‬E ‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،، 
(٣)
‫א‬ K? ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F  ‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٩٩٤،٢،،‫א‬،٧٥٢،،‫א‬E١F
W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٥٠
 ،،‫א‬،٣٣٠١ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K٩٩٤،٣٠٠،٢٨٧٣،٢٠٦،٢٠٠،١٨٩،١٦٦٢،،‫א‬
K٢٨٢،‫א‬،‫א‬E٣F
 ٣٤٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬?W – ‫א‬–‫؛‬

(١)
،  K?  
‫א‬‫א‬K 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٢)
  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٣)
‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬
‫א‬– ‫א‬‫א‬– ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(٤)
‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬

K٥١٦٩٣٣،٢،،‫א‬E١F
،‫א‬،٤٤٤
 ،٧ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،٩٢
 ،‫א‬،‫א‬E٢F
K١٥٠،‫א‬
K١٩٩٢٨٨،،‫א‬E٣F
K٢٦١٤٢٤،‫א‬،‫א‬E٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤٦

‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
E٩٨٥L٣٧٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(١)
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

***
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬L ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١F
K‫א‬
E٦٣٩،٦٤٩L١٨،٢٩F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،
K٢٧٣،٤٥١،،‫א‬E١F
 ٣٤٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٢F
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٧١٦L٩٨
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E٣F
،E ‫א‬F٧١٦L٩٨
، ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٤F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٥F
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬٧١٦L٩٨
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
،W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K،،‫א‬،‫א‬،،،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦F
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٤٨

‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٧F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٨F
‫א‬،، 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ E٩F
، ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٠F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١١F
‫א‬، ‫א‬
K‫א‬
 ٣٤٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٢F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٣F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٤F
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  E١٥F
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
٢٥٦E‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬F‫א‬E١F
W٨٧٠L
F‫א‬‫א‬ ، ،‫א‬ –
 ،،E‫א‬‫א‬
W١٠٣٧L٤٢٩E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢F
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬-
K١٩٨٧،،‫א‬
L٩٥٢E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬E٣F
W١٥٤٦
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K١٩٨٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W٨٢٢L٢٠٧E‫א‬F‫א‬E٤F
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٨٧،،‫א‬‫א‬
E  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٥F
W١٠٦٦L٤٥٨
F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬-
K،،E
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W––––––E٦F
 K٢٠٠٣،‫א‬،‫א‬
W٨٩٢L٢٧٩E‫א‬F‫א‬E٧)
 ٣٥١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K١٩٦٢،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
W١٣٣١L٧٢٨E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٨F
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K٢٠٠٢،‫א‬
W١٢٣٣L٦٣٠E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٩F
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫ א‬-
K١٩٨٢،
K١١٥٠L٥٤٧EF‫א‬E١٠F
 K١٩٥٧،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬–
 W١٢٠١L٥٩٧E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E١١F
K١٣٥٩،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E١٢F
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K١٩٩٠،
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E١٣F
W١٤٤٨L٨٥٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬–
K١٣٢٦،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬W–––––––––––––––E١٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥٢

، ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

K١٩٩٣
W١٠٦٧L٤٥٦EF‫א‬‫א‬E١٥F
KK،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
K١٩٨٥،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W٨٥٥L٢٤١E‫א‬F‫א‬E١٦F
، ‫א‬،  ‫א‬–
K١٩٩٣،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K٩٩٠L٣٨٠E‫א‬F‫א‬E١٧F
K١٩٨٥،،‫א‬ -
 W٩٤٩L٣٣٨E‫א‬F‫א‬E١٨F
K ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K١٩٨٨،،‫א‬‫א‬
 W٩١٢L٣٠٠E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E١٩F
 K،‫א‬،‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬–
L٤٦٣E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠F
K١٠٧١
K،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W١٤٠٦L٨٠٨E‫א‬F‫א‬E٢١F
١٩٨٦،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
E ‫א‬‫א‬ F‫א‬E٢٢F
K١٢٨٢L٦٨١
 ٣٥٣ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٩٧٧،،‫א‬،K،‫א‬–
W٨٥٤L٢٤٠E‫א‬FE٢٣F
‫א‬‫א‬،  
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬K
K١٩٨٥،
،  ‫א‬K،‫א‬W–––––––––––E٢٤F
K١٩٦٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
٣٨٥E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢٥F
W٩٩٥L
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K١٩٨٥،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W––––––E٢٦F
K١٩٩٦،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W١٣٧٤L٧٤٨E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٢٧F
‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ -
K،‫א‬
،  ‫א‬‫א‬W––––––––––––E٢٨F
K١٩٨٤،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٢٩F
W١٣L٧
K،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬– 
W١٢١٠L٦٠٦E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٣٠F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥٤

، ،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨٦،
W١٧١٠L١١٢٢E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣١F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
، ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬K ،‫א‬
K١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W٨٦٥L٢٥٠E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٢F
،،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬ -
K١٩٦٥
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٣F
W١٣٦٩L٧٧١
‫א‬،‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٩٩،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٣٤F
‫א‬K ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٨٥،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٥F
W١٠٣٩L٤٢٧
‫א‬، ‫א‬K ‫א‬،  -
K١٩٨٧،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W١٥٠٥L٩١١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٣٦F
،‫א‬‫א‬،  K،‫א‬
 ٣٥٥ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K١٩٧٣،‫א‬،
K ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W––––––E٣٧F
K١٩٨٤،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W٩٩٥L٣٨٥EF‫א‬E٣٨F
‫א‬K ، ‫א‬‫א‬ J
K١٩٨٦،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
 WE‫א‬F‫ א‬E٣٩F
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٩٥٠،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
W١١٥١L٥٤٨E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٠F
K١٩٤٨،‫א‬،،‫א‬‫ א‬-
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤١F
WE‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٨٨،،‫א‬
W٨٢٦L٢١١E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٢F
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫ א‬-
K١٩٨٣،،‫א‬‫א‬
W٩٧٠L٣٦٠E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٤٣F
‫א‬،  ،‫א‬‫ א‬-
K١٩٩٦،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W–––––E٤٤F -
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥٦

K١٩٨٣
W٩٢٢L٣١٠E‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٥F
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٧٧،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٦F
W١٠٧١L٤٦٣
،  ‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٩٦٠،‫א‬،
EF‫א‬‫א‬E٤٧F
 W٩٣٤L٣٢٢
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨٤،،‫א‬
W١٦٧٨L١٠٨٩E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤٨F
،‫א‬،  ‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬–
K١٣٥٠
–٢٧٢E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٤٩F
W٨٩٢–٨٨٥L٢٧٩
‫א‬K ‫א‬، ‫א‬–
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬
K١٩٩٤،‫א‬،‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٥٠F
W١٤٢٨L٨٣٢
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
 ٣٥٧ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K
١ ،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W––––––––––E٥١F
، ‫א‬٧–٢‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٥٧،‫א‬،   ‫א‬
، ‫א‬،  ‫א‬ ٨ ،١٩٦٧–١٩٦٢،‫א‬
K١٩٦٩
K، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W––––––––––E٥٢F
K٢٠٠١،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
W٩٠٣L٢٩٠EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥٣F
،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬–
 KE١٣٠٢،F
L٨٨٥E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E٥٤F
 W١٤٨٠
‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨٣،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W––––––––––E٥٥F
،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
K٢٠٠٠،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E٥٦F -
W١٢٨٢L٦٨٢EF‫א‬E٥٧F
،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٨٤
W١٠٧٢L٤٦٥E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٥٨F
‫א‬،‫א‬K،‫א‬‫ א‬-
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥٨

K١٩٧٢،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W١٣٧٤L٧٧٦E‫א‬F‫א‬E٥٩F
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬–
 K٢٠٠٤،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬F  ‫א‬E٦٠F
 W٨٨٨L٢٧٥
،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K١٩٥٤
WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٦١F
،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬–
K١٣٩٠،‫א‬،‫א‬
L٢٦١E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F E٦٢F
 W٨٧٤
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K١٣٨٣،‫א‬E١٣٢٩
W٩٨٨L٣٧٨E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٦٣F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٨٧،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،K
W١٤٤١L٨٤٥E‫א‬F‫א‬E٦٤F
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K١٩٤١،‫א‬،‫א‬
K٩١٥L٣٠٣E‫א‬F‫א‬E٦٥F
،  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬ -
 ٣٥٩ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٩٦٤،‫א‬
W‫א‬E٦٦F
 K١٩٣٦،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 W٨٢٢L٢٠٧EF‫א‬‫א‬E٦٧F
،‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬–
K١٩٨٤،،‫א‬
W٨٢٨L٢١٣E‫א‬F‫א‬E٦٨F
، 
 ، ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫ א‬-
K
W١٤٠٤L٨٠٧E‫א‬F‫א‬E٦٩F
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K
W١٢٢٩L٦٢٦E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٧٠F
K١٩٧٩،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ -
W٨٩١L٢٧٨E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٧١F
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K١٩٨٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬K ، ‫א‬‫א‬WEF E١F
K١٩٩٠،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬ W–––––––––– E٢F
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬K ،‫א‬
K٢٠٠٠،
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٦٠

،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEF E٣F

K١٩٨١،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬WE‫א‬F E٤F
،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨٩
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F E٥F
K١٩٥٨
،E٤٨٧–٣٠١F‫א‬WEKF‫ א‬E٦F
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K١٩٨١
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬F‫ א‬E٧F
K١٩٧٩،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬KF E٨F
K،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEKF E٩F
K١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬WEKF،E‫א‬KF‫א‬E١٠F
 K١٩٩٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬KF‫א‬E١١F
 K١٩٦٥،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEFE١٢F
 K١٩٩٣،‫א‬،
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEKF‫א‬E١٣F
 ٣٦١ ‫א‬‫א‬KL‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٩٩٩،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEKFE١٤F
 K٢٠٠٤،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬WEKF‫א‬E١٥F
K١٩٩٤،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W–––––E١٦F
K١٩٩٨،‫א‬
K‫א‬،‫א‬K،  WE١٧F
K١٩٦١،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬KF‫א‬ E١٨F
K٢٠٠٣،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬WE‫א‬F E١٩F
K١٩٩٠، ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE ‫א‬KF E٢٠F
،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬
K١٩٩٨
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬WE‫א‬FE٢١F
K،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٢٢F
K١٩٨٦،
،  ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬WEF ‫א‬E٢٣F
K،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬W–––––––––––––E٢٤F
 ‫ﻫـ‬١٤٢٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٦٢

K١٩٨٨،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEFE٢٥F
K١٩٨٥،،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬، ‫א‬WEFE٢٦F
 K١٩٨٦،‫א‬،‫א‬،
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
• Encyclopedie de l' Islam, (art Djurdjan), ٢ed., Paris, ١٩٥٤.
• www. Kalemat. Org.
• Www. Rafed. Net/mawsoah/F١٤.html.
• www.islamweb.net
• www.al–mousa.net
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