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Arusmalem Ginting
Universitas Janabadra
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Arusmalem Ginting
ABSTRACT
Aggregates generally occupy 70% to 80% by volume of concrete so it has important influence to concrete
properties. The proportion of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate in the concrete mix required to obtain a
good combined aggregate gradation. Good proportion of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is in
accordance with the standard curve of the combined aggregate gradation as the Concrete Mix Design
Procedure. The most important properties of hardened concrete is compressive strength and the most
important properties of fresh concrete is workability. Based on these problems, the research about influence
of fine aggregate to coarse aggregate ratio to workability and compressive strength of concrete was carried
out.
The ratio of the mixture used for 1 m3 of concrete was 356 kg cement: 842 kg sand: 1093 kg split, and water
cement ratio (wcr) 0.52. Variation of fine aggregate to coarse aggregate weight ratio used is 0%: 100%,
30%: 70%, 35%: 65%: 40%: 60%, 43.5%: 56.5%, 45%: 55% , 50%: 50%, 55%: 45%, 60%: 40%, 65%:
35%, 70%: 30%, and 100%: 0%. There were 3 specimens of each variation and the total of specimens were
36. The samples used in this research were concretes cylinder 150 mm x 300 mm. Concrete compressive
strength testing was carried out at 28 days concrete age.
From the results of this study, it can be concluded that reduction of sand and addition of split can increase
workability. Addition of sand and reduction of split can decrease workability. Ratio of fine aggregate (sand)
to coarse aggregate (split) affects the compressive strength of concrete although water cement ratio (wcr)
fixed. Ratio of fine aggregate (sand) to coarse aggregate (split) affects the unit weight of the concrete.
Banda uji pada penelitian mengacu pada SNI Tabel 2. Nilai slump
03-1974-1990. Cetakan benda uji berupa Pasir Split Nilai slump
No.
silinder dengan diameter 152 mm dan tinggi % % (cm)
305 mm. Cetakan diisi dengan adukan beton 1 30 70 16,5
dalam 3 lapis, setiap lapis dipadatkan dengan 2 35 65 14
25 kali tusukan secara merata, setelah itu 3 40 60 13
permukaan beton diratakan dan ditutup 4 43,5 56,5 11,5
dengan bahan kedap air. Setelah 24 jam 5 45 55 8,5
cetakan dibuka dan benda uji dikeluarkan 6 50 50 5
lalu direndam dalam bak perendam berisi air 7 55 45 4
pada temperatur 25° C.
8 60 40 1,5
9 65 35 0
Pengujian kuat tekan beton mengacu pada
10 70 30 0
SNI 03-1974-1990. Prosedur pengujian
melalui tahapan sebagai berikut:
a. Benda uji ditetakkan sentris pada mesin 18 16.5
tekan. 16
14.0
14 13.0
Nilai slump (cm)
44
50
10
dan 5 dapat dilihat bahwa pengurangan berat 0
5
2
0
7
3
7
pasir dan peningkatan berat split 0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
berat pasir dan peningkatan berat split Gambar 4. Gradasi agregat campuran 35%
mengakibatkan adukan beton menjadi lebih pasir dan 65 split
kasar dan lebih mudah dikerjakan, sehingga
nilai slumpnya lebih besar dari campuran Gradasi standar agregat dengan butir maksimum 40 mm
38
80 36
75 31 32
30 30
70 24 25 24
67 23
20 18
60 60 59 15 17 17
11 12 12
52 10
50 50 7 7
5
47 2 3
44 0 0
40 38
40
36 0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
31 32
30 30 Lubang ayakan (mm)
24 25 24
23
20 18
15 17 17 Kurva 1 Kurva 2 Kurva 3 Kurva 4 Campuran
11 12 12
10
7 7
0
5
2
0
3 Gambar 5. Gradasi agregat campuran 40%
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40 pasir dan 60 split
Lubang ayakan (mm)
80
75
pengurangan berat split mengakibatkan kurva
70
67 gradasi agregat campuran bergerak ke atas.
60 60 59 Peningkatan berat pasir dan pengurangan
52
50
47
44
50
berat split mengakibatkan adukan beton
40 40
38
31 32
36 menjadi lebih halus, lebih kohesif, dan lebih
30 30
20
23 24 25 24 sulit dikerjakan, sehingga nilai slumpnya
17 17 18
10
15
11 12 12 lebih rendah dari campuran sesuai mix design
7 7
0 0
5
2 3 yaitu 43,5% pasir dan 56,5% split.
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
Lubang ayakan (mm)
Dari hasil pengujian slump ini dapat
Kurva 1 Kurva 2 Kurva 3 Kurva 4 Campuran
disimpulkan bahwa pengurangan berat pasir
Gambar 3. Gradasi agregat campuran 30% dan penambahan berat split dari
pasir dan 70% split perbandingan campuran sesuai mix design
dapat meningkatkan workability, dan Gradasi standar agregat dengan butir maksimum 40 mm
80 17 17 18
15
75 11 12 12
10
70 7 7
67 5
2 3
0 0
60 60 59
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
52
50 50 Lubang ayakan (mm)
47
44
40 38
40
36 Kurva 1 Kurva 2 Kurva 3 Kurva 4 Campuran
31 32
30 30
25
20
23
17
24
17 18
24
Gambar 9. Gradasi agregat campuran 60%
15
10
5
11
7
12
7
12
pasir dan 40% split
2 3
0 0
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
Gradasi standar agregat dengan butir maksimum 40 mm
Lubang ayakan (mm)
90
80 20 18
15 17 17
75 12 12
10 11
70 7 7
67 5
2 3
60 60 59
0 0
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
52
50 50
47 Lubang ayakan (mm)
44
40 38
40
36
32 Kurva 1 Kurva 2 Kurva 3 Kurva 4 Campuran
30 30 31
24 25 24
23
20
15 17 17 18 Gambar 10. Gradasi agregat campuran 65%
12 12
10
5
11
7 7 pasir dan 35% split
2 3
0 0
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
Lubang ayakan (mm) Gradasi standar agregat dengan butir maksimum 40 mm
90
80
75
pasir dan 50% split 70
67
60 60 59
Gradasi standar agregat dengan butir maksimum 40 mm
52
50 50
47
100 100 44
40 38
40
36
90 31 32
30 30
Berat butir yang lewat ayakan (%)
24 25 24
80 23
75
20 18
15 17 17
70 11 12 12
67 10
7 7
5
60 60 59 2 3
0 0
52 0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
50 50
47
44
40 40 Lubang ayakan (mm)
38
36
31 32
30 30 Kurva 1 Kurva 2 Kurva 3 Kurva 4 Campuran
24 25 24
23
20
15
11
17
12
17
12
18
Gambar 11. Gradasi agregat campuran 70%
10
0
5
2
0
7
3
7
pasir dan 30% split
0.15 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4 5 10 20 40
Lubang ayakan (mm)
10 65 35 2217
23.77
23.20
23.11
K u a t te k a n b e to n (M P a )
20.84
25 11 70 30 2211
20.47
20.27
20 12 100 0 1953
14.15
13.30
15
9.23
10 2391
2375
2362
2354
2336
2325
2275
2256
2217
2211
5 2500
0.85
1953
B erat volum e (kg/m ^3)
0
1697
2000
0
30
35
40
4 3 .5
45
50
55
60
65
70
100
1500
Persentase berat pasir (%)
1000
Gambar 12. Kuat tekan beton 500
0
Dari Tabel 3 dan Gambar 12 dapat dilihat
0
30
35
40
43.5
45
50
55
60
65
70
100