Teaching Plan August To December 2019 PDF

Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Teaching Plan and List of Experiments
B.Tech, B.E. and M. Tech Courses
Odd Semester (August to December) 2019-20

FCEC003: Electronics and Electrical Engineering
Course No. Title of the Course Credits Course Pre-Requisite

Structure
FCEC003 ELECTRONICS AND 4 3-0-2 None

ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
Course Content Number of Lectures
Unit-I Electric Circuits: Basic Circuit Elements, Nodal and Loop 2

Analysis,
Superposition, Thevenin’s Theorem & Norton’s Theorem and Maximum 3
Power Transfer Theorem;
Class test I 19/08/2019-23/08/2019
Unit-II Steady-state analysis of AC circuits: Sinusoidal and phasor 4

representation of Voltage and current, single phase AC circuit, behavior
of R, L and C
Combination of R, L and C in series and parallel, Resonance; Introduction 4
to three-phase circuits, Star-Delta Transformation
Unit-III Transformers: Principle of operation and construction of single- 4
phase transformer, Introduction to DC Motor.
Mid Semester Examination 16/9/2019-24/09/2019
Electronics Devices and Circuits: Junction Diode, Applications: 2

rectifiers, clipping and clamping circuits, LEDs;
Unit-IV Bipolar-junction Transistor: Physical operation, operating point, 4
load-line, Self-bias circuit, single-stage CE amplifier configuration
Class Test II 21-10-2019-25/10/2019
Ideal op-amp, inverting, non-inverting and unity gain amplifiers, 4

integrator, differentiator, summer/subtractor.
Unit-V Digital circuits- Boolean Algebra, logic gates, K-Maps upto 4- 6

variables, Combinational circuits: Adders and subtractors.
Flip-Flops: SR, JK, D, T and their characteristic tables. 2
Introduction to Sensors, Introduction to Embedded Computers.
Total 35
List of Experiments:
1. Verification of Maximum Power Transfer theorem
2. Verification of Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems
3. Study of resonance in series RLC and parallel RLC circuits
4. Analysis of step-up and step-down transformer
5. Implement of series RC circuit as differentiator and integrator. Also perform
their analysis as low pass and high pass filters
6. Implementation of clipping and clamping circuits
7. Implementation of half-wave and full wave rectifier circuits
8. Application of LEDs in electronic circuits
9. Implementation of CE amplifying configuration. Plot gain vs frequency graph
10. Implementation of Adders and subtractors.
11. Implementation of JK and Toggle flip-flops. Subsequently implement 3-bit
asynchronous up-counter.
12. Measurement of power in single phase circuits using three voltmeter and
three ammeter method.
13. Experiments with common sensors
14. Experiment with embedded computers
Prof. Raj Senani

Course Coordinator
ECC06: Electronics II
Total Hours: 34 Hours
No of
S. No. Topics
Hours
Amplifier stages at low frequencies: Cascade BJT amplifier, compound

1. 5 Hours
transistor stages (Darlington pair, CC-CE and Cascode amplifier)
2. Millers theorem and its dual 1 Hour
Differential amplifier and its dc and ac analysis using BJT and MOSFET,
3. 7 Hours
Differential amplifier with active load
Ist Unit Test

Frequency response of an amplifier: s-domain analysis: poles, zeros and
Bode plot, The step response of an amplifier, The CE short circuit current
4. gain, The high frequency response of CE, CS, emitter follower, source 7 Hours
follower, CB and CG amplifier, The low frequency response of CE, CS,
emitter follower, source follower, CB and CG amplifier
MID TERM EVALUATION
Frequency response of cascaded stages, Frequency response of cascode

5. 2 Hours
stage, Effect of coupling and bypass capacitor.
Feedback amplifier: The general feedback structure, Properties of negative

6. feedback, Four basic feedback topologies, Analysis of Series- series, series 8 Hours
shunt, shunt series and shunt- shunt feedback amplifier.
2nd Unit Test
Oscillators: Sinusoidal oscillators, Barkhausen criteria, Phase shift

oscillator, Wien’s bridge oscillator, LC oscillators, crystal oscillator Power
amplifier: Classification of output stages, Class A output stage, transfer
7. 3 Hours
characteristics, efficiency of class A amplifier, Class B output stage, transfer
characteristics, efficiency of class B amplifier, Push Pull amplifier, Class
AB output stage, biasing of class AB output stage, Harmonic distortion.
Regulated power supply IC fabrication: Monolithic IC technology, Planar

8. processor, BJT and FET fabrication, CMOS technology, miscellaneous 1 Hours
aspects of IC fabrication
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. A Sedra and K Smith, ``Microelectronics Circuit,’’ Oxford University Press
2. Boylestad and Nashelsky, `Èlectronics Devices and Circuits,’’ Prentice Hall India
3. Millman and Grabel, ``Microelectronics,’’ Tata McGraw Hill
LIST OF EXPERIMENT:
1. To perform and plot frequency response of inverting and non-inverting amplifier using Op-Amp
IC-741.
2. To study integrator and differentiator circuits using Op-Amp IC-741
3. To perform & study of the simple current mirror and Wilson Current Mirror circuit using IC-3086.
Also plot the graph between Iout and Vout and determine Rout.
4. To perform & study the circuit of the Differential Amplifier using IC-3086 / 3046. Find the voltage
gain and plot the frequency response curve.
5. To perform a RC Phase shift Oscillator Circuit using Op-Amp IC-741 and find out frequency of
oscillation.
6. To perform a Wein’s Bridge Oscillator Circuit using Op-Amp IC-741 and find out frequency of
oscillation.
7. To perform & study a square & triangular wave generator circuit using IC-741.
8. To perform and study the different feedback circuits in the following configurations :
a. Voltage series feedback amplifier (VCVS)
b. Voltage shunt feedback amplifier (CCVS)
c. Current series feedback amplifier (VCCS)
d. Current shunt feedback amplifier (CCCS)
Prof. Maneesha Gupta
Course Coordinator
ECC07: Network Analysis and Synthesis
Unit Syllabus Approx.

numbers number of
lectures
Unit1 Two port parameters: Z, Y, H, G & Transmission parameters, equivalent 08
circuits, conversion of parameters, various types of inter-connection of
two port networks; series-series, parallel-parallel, series-parallel,
parallel-series and cascade connections.
First Class Test
Unit 2 Review of Laplace transform and its properties, analysis using 04
transform methods, impulse response and network function, convolution
integral and its application, steps response, initial value and final value
theorems and their applications
Unit 3 Driving point function and transfer functions, ladder networks, poles 06
and zeroes, relation between location of poles and time response,
stability of networks
Mid Sem. Exam
Unit 4 Introduction to state variable theory, the concept of state and state 06
variables, formulation of state equation of passive networks, formulation
of state equation from transfer functions, op-amp realization of state
equation using integrators and adders.
State transition matrix and its properties, solution of linear time invariant
differential equation using state variable method: general solution and
its applications
Second Class Test
Unit 5 Network Synthesis: Positive real functions, Hurwitz polynomial, one 06
port LC, RC, RL network synthesis
Unit 6 Pathological elements : nullator, norator, and nullor, representation of 06
ideal op-amp and ideal transistor by a pair of nullator and norator,
representation of the four controlled sources by nullator-norator models,
equivalent circuits of GIC using nullator-norator models , switched
capacitor filters
References:
1. Network Analysis and Synthesis, F.F. Kuo, John Wiley.

2. Network Analysis, M. E. Van Valkenburg, Prentice Hall.
3. Analog Filter Design, M. E. Van Valkenburg, Oxford University Press.
4. RC Active Circuits L. T. Bruton, Prentice Hall Publication.
5. Control Systems: Principles and Design, M. Gopal, McGraw Hill Education.
Prof. Raj Senani

Course Coordinator
ECC08: Signals and Systems

S.No. Topics Details of topics to be Lectures
covered +
Tutorial
1. Concept definition & classification of signals, Chapter 1 of book 1 6
types of signals, systems & their properties,
waveform synthesis
2. Continuous & discrete time LTI systems and Sections 2.0-2.5 of book 1 6
their properties
FIRST CLASS TEST
3. Fourier series representation of continuous & Sections 3.0-3.9 of book 1 10
discrete time periodic signals
MID SEM EXAM
4. Continuous time Fourier Transform Chapter 4 and sections 6.0- 5
6.4 of book 1
5. Discrete time Fourier Transform Sections 5.0-5.7 of book 1 5
6. Sampling and Reconstruction Sections 7.0-7.2 of book 1 3
SECOND CLASS TEST
7. Laplace Transform Chapter 9 of book 1 5
8. Z Transform Chapter 10 of book 1 5
9. Hilbert Transform and representation of band- 5
pass signal and systems
TOTAL LECTURES 50 +
2 classes
for test
Books: Signals & Systems: Oppenheim, Willsky and Nawab
EVALUATION SCHEME FOR CONTINOUS ASSESMENT

Sr. No. Continuous Assessment Marks
1 Best 2 class tests out of 3 class tests 12 (6 marks for each test)
2 Three Assignments 6 marks (2 marks for each Assignment)
3 Attendance in Class+Tutorials 7 marks
Total 25 marks
Prof. Sujata Sengar

Course Coordinator
ECC09: Electromagnetic Field Theory
S. No. Topics Lectures +

Tutorials
1. Review of Vector Analysis: Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical 06 + 02
Coordinate Systems; Basic Concept of Scalar and Vector Field;
Differential length, area and volume; Line, Surface and Volume
integrals; Del operator, Gradient of a scalar, Divergence of a vector and
divergence theorem, Curl of a vector and Stoke theorem, Laplacian of
scalar and vector fields.
2. Electrostatics: Coulomb Law, Electric field Intensity, Electric fields 03 + 01

due to point charge and continuous Line charge distributions, Electric
Flux density, Gauss Law and its applications, Electric Potential,
Relationship between E and V.
First Class Test
3. Electrostatics: Electric dipole, Energy density in electrostatic fields. 06 + 02
Properties of Dielectric Materials, conduction currents, conductors,
Polarization in Dielectrics, Dielectric constants and strength,
Continuity equation and relaxation time, Electric Field Boundary
conditions, Image charges, Poisson's and Laplace's equations,
Uniqueness Theorem, General Procedure for solving Poisson's or
Laplace's equation one dimensional and two dimensional cases,
Resistance and Capacitance.
4. Magnetostatics: Biot Savart's Law, Ampere's Law and its application, 06 + 02

Magnetic Flux Density, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials.
Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Materials, Forces due to Magnetic
Fields, Magnetic Torque and Moments, Magnetic dipole,
Magnetization in Materials, Magnetic Boundary Conditions,
Inductances, Magnetic Energy, Magnetic circuits.
Mid Semester Examination
4. Time Varying Fields: Faraday's Law, Displacement Current, Maxwell's 03 + 01
equations in differential and Integral Forms with its physical
significance.
5. EM wave propagation: EM wave equations, Wave Propagation in 06 + 02
Lossy Dielectrics, Free Space and in good Conductors, Poynting
Theorem.
Second Class Test
7. Plane wave reflection: Reflection of a plane wave at Normal and 06 + 02
Oblique Incidence.
8. Introduction to Computational Electromagnetic Methods. 03 + 01
Total 52
Books:
1. E. C. Jordan and G.B. Balmain, "Electromagnetics Waves and Radiating Systems", PHI, 2nd
edition.
2. David K Cheng, “Field and Wave Electromagnetics”, Pearson Education Inc, Delhi.
3. M.N.O. Sadiku, "Principles of Electromagnetics", 4th international Version, Oxford University
Press.
4. W. H. Hayt and J. A. Buck "Engineering Electromagnetics" Seventh Edition, McGraw Hill
Education.
Prof. D. K. Upadhyay
Course Coordinator
CEC09: Analog Electronics

Course Content Approximate no.
of Lectures
Unit-I Review of semiconductor Diodes and BJT 2

Structure and Physical operation of Enhancement-type MOSFET, 6
Depletion-type MOSFET, Basic MOSFET amplifier configuration:
Common source, common gate, and Common Drain
Class test I 19/08/2013-
23/08/2013
Unit-II Small signal BJT amplifiers, AC equivalents (T and hybrid-π model), 4
Multistage amplifiers Class A, B, AB, 4
Unit-III Class C and D stages, IC output stage 4
Mid Semester Examination 16/9/2019-
24/09/2019
Feedback concepts, Effect of positive and negative feedback 2
Unit-IV Basic feedback topologies, and their analysis, Barkhausen criteria, 4
RC Oscillators
Class Test II 21-10-2013-
25/10/2019
LC and Crystal oscillator, Multivibrators 4
Unit-V Ideal op-amp basics, Differential amplifier: differential and common 4
mode operational, Inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier,
summer, integrator, Differentiator.
Comparator and Schmitt Trigger 2
Total 36
Books to be referred
1. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, “Microelectronics circuits”, 5thEdition, Oxford University Press,
India.
2. J. Millman and A. Grabel, “Microelectronics”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
3. Robert L. Boylestad, “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory”, 8thEdition, Pearson.
List of Experiments (CEC-09):
1. To study and perform positive clipper, negative clipper and slicer circuit. Also draw output
waveform.
2. To study and perform positive clamper and negative clamper circuit. Also draw output waveform.
IC-741.
4. To perform a Wein Bridge Oscillator Circuit using Op-Amp IC-741and find out frequency of
oscillation.
5. To perform & plot the characteristics curve (ID/VDS) of MOSFET using CD4007.
6. To perform and plot frequency response of common source amplifier using CD4007.
7. To study and perform CE amplifier using BJT. Find the voltage gain and plot the frequency
response curve.
8. To perform & study of the simple current mirror and Wilson Current Mirror circuit using IC-3086 /
3046. Also plot the graph between Iout and Vvar and determine Rout.
Prof. A. K. Singh
Course Coordinator
ICC06: Electronics
S. No. Topics to be covered No. of Lectures
1. Diode and Amplifier circuits: Rectifier circuits, rectifier 04

with filter filter Limiting and clamping circuits. Special
Diode types. Zener voltage regulator.
2. MOSFET and BJT circuits at DC. MOSFET and BJT as 06
amplifier, Comparison of MOSFET and BJT. Small signal
operation and models for MOSFET and BJT. Single stage
MOS amplifiers and BJT amplifiers. CS and CE amplifiers
with source de-generation. Source and emitter follower.
First Class Test
3. Single stage integrated circuit amplifiers: 04
Bi CMOS circuits. IC biasing. CS and CE amplifier with
active loads, CG and CB amplifiers with active loads
4. High frequency response: High frequency model for 04
MOSFET and BJT, High frequency response of CS and CE
amplifier.
Mid-Sem Examination
5. Differential and multi stage amplifiers: MOS differential 06
pair and its small operation. BJT differential pair. Non ideal
characteristics of differential amplifier. Two stage
amplifiers using MOS and BJT, Cascode amplifier
6. Differential amplifier with active load. 01
Second Class Test

7. Feedback amplifiers, Sinusoidal oscillators: General 05
feedback structure. Properties of negative feedback. Four
basic feedback topologies. Loop gain. Stability problem.
8. Basic principle of sinusoidal oscillators. RC oscillator. LC 02
and crystal oscillator
9. Output stages and power amplifiers: Class A, class B, class 04
AB output stages. Biasing class AB circuits. Power BJTs,
MOS power transistor. Variations on the class AB
configuration. IC power amplifiers. Class AB operation.
Total lectures 36
1. J. Millman and A. Grabel, “Microelectronics”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.

2. David A.Bell, “Solid State Pulse Circuits”, PHI, 4th Edition.
3. A.S.Sedra and K.C.Smith, “Microelectronics circuits”, 5thEdition, Oxford University Press, India.
4. D.L.Schilling and C. Belove, “Electronic Circuits”, Tata McGraw Hill, 3rd Edition.
5. R.Spencer and Mohammed S.Ghausi, “Introduction to Electronic Circuit Design”, Pearson.
6. Robert L. Boylestad, “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory”, 8thEdition, Pearson.
LIST OF EXPERIMENT (ICC06):

1. To study and perform positive clipper, negative clipper and slicer circuit. Also draw output
waveform.
2. To study and perform positive clamper and negative clamper circuit. Also draw output waveform.
IC-741.
4. To perform a Wein Bridge Oscillator Circuit using Op-Amp IC-741and find out frequency of
oscillation.
5. To perform & plot the characteristics curve (ID/VDS) of MOSFET using CD4007.
6. To perform and plot frequency response of common source amplifier using CD4007.
7. To study and perform CE amplifier using BJT. Find the voltage gain and plot the frequency
response curve.
8. To perform & study of the simple current mirror and Wilson Current Mirror circuit using IC-3086
/ 3046. Also plot the graph between Iout and Vvar and determine Rout.
Prof. Maneesha Gupta
Course Coordinator
ITC07: Digital Circuits and Systems
S. No. Topics to be covered No. of Lectures

1. Boolean Algebra, Venn diagram, switching function and 06
minimization of switching functions with don’t care terms
etc. (Karnaugh’s Map Method & Tabulation Techniques ),
Introduction Logic Gates.
2. Designing of combinational circuits like code converter, 03
adders, comparators, etc.
First Class Test
3. Introduction to Encoders, Decoders, Multiplexer, 05
demultiplexer, Designing combinational circuits with
multiplexers and other digital logic blocks.
4. Gated memories, M/S flipflops, Shift Registers. 03
Mid-Sem Examination
5. Serial & Parallel Counters, Ring counters, Up Down 03
counters.
6. Introduction Logic Gates, Logic Families TTL, Tristate 03
Logic, ECL, CMOS and I2 L Logic, Logic parameters etc.
Second Class Test
7. Bistable, Monostable, Astable and Schmitt trigger circuit. 03
8. Introduction to semiconductor memories: ROM, PROM, 03
EPROM, STATIC & DYNAMIC RAM.
9. Concept of Digital to Analog Conversion Ladder Networks, 05
and Concept of Analog to Digital conversion: Dual slope
method, V-F conversion, stair-case Ramp-method/counter
method, successive approximation type of A/D converters
etc.
Total lectures 34
1. M M Mano, ``Digital logic and computer design ,’’ Prentice Hall India
2. Millman & Grabel, ``Microelectronics,’’ Tata McGraw Hill
3. Donald D. Givone, ``Digital principles & design,’’ Tata McGraw Hill
4. R. P. Jain, ``Modern digital electronics,’’ Tata McGraw Hill
List Of Experiments ITC07:

(1) Verify the truth table of AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, X-OR, X-NOR gates
(2) Implement all the above mentioned gates by using NAND gates and NOR gates only.
(3) Design and Implement Half-adder, Full-adder, Half-subtractor, Full-subtractor using logic gates.
(4) Design a 4 bit parallel adder and subtractor using IC. Further using the same IC implement BCD
to excess-3 code convertor.
(5) Design a 4 bit magnitude comparator using IC. Also implement 2 bit magnitude comparator using
gates only.
(6) Design a 2 bit multiplier circuit that multiplies two numbers of two bit each and implement it by
using 8X1 MUX’s.
(7) Design and implement a full adder circuit using DECODER and gates. Also implement the same
by using complimentary output decoder.
(8) Design the following Flip-flop using NAND/NOR gates
(i) S-R FF
(ii) D FF
(9) Design the following Flip-flop using NAND/NOR gates
(i) J-K FF
(ii) T FF
(10) Design and implement a MOD 6 synchronous UP counter using T FF.
Dr. Kunwar Singh
Course Coordinator
ECC15: Digital Signal Processing

S. No. Topics Lectures
1. Review of DTFT: Discrete Time Fourier Transform, inverse DTFT, Relation of 02

Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) and Z- Transform, Signal Transmission
through LTI systems, Response to complex exponentials and sinusoidal signals.
2. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT): Sampling of DTFT, Inverse DFT, Relation of 08

DFT and Z- Transform, DFT as a linear transformation, Properties, Linear
convolution using circular convolution, Filtering of long data sequences: Overlap-
save and overlap-add method.
First Class Test

3. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT): Computational complexity of direct computation of 05
DFT, Decimation-in-time FFT algorithm, Decimation-in-frequency FFT algorithm,
Inverse DFT using FFT algorithms. Goertzel algorithm, Chirp-z transform algorithm.
4. Realization of Digital Filters: FIR filter structures: Direct form, cascade, linear-phase 03
structures. IIR filter structures: Direct form-I, direct form-II, cascade-form, parallel-
form structure.

5. FIR Digital Filters: Advantages of digital filters, desirability of linear-phase, 08
Frequency response of Type 1, 2, 3, 4 FIR filters, filter specifications, Windowing
method, half-band FIR filters, Frequency sampling method.
6. IIR Digital Filters: Impulse Invariant method, Bilinear transformation method, IIR 04
filter specifications, Butterworth and Chebyshev filter, Frequency transformation in
analog and digital domain.
Second Class Test

7. Analysis of Finite-Word Length Effects: Representation of numbers, Quantization, 06
Quantization of fixed-point and floating-point numbers, coefficient quantization error,
product quantization error, limit cycles in IIR filters, quantization effects in realization
of FIR filters, quantization effects in DFT computations.
Total Lectures 36
Lab 24
Total 60
BOOKS:
1. S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing- A Computer based approach”, Tata McGraw-Hill,

2. Andreas Antoniou, Digital Filters: Analysis, Design and Applications, McGraw-Hill.
3. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, And
Applications, Pearson Education.
4. Tarun Kumar Rawat, “Digital Signal Processing”, 1sr Ed., Oxford University Press, India.
Prof. Dharmendra Upadhyay
Course Coordinator
ECC16: Digital Communication

Units Contents Approximate
number of
Classes
1. PULSE MODULATION:
Sampling Techniques: Sampling theorem (Instantaneous Sampling, 3
Natural Sampling and Flat Top Sampling), Band Pass Sampling.
2. Waveform Coding:
PAM, PPM, PWM their generation and detection circuits, Quantization 5
Noise, PCM, Companding, DPCM, DM and ADM (modulators and
demodulators), TDM and standards.
FIRST CLASS TEST 1
3. DIGITAL COMMUNICATION:
Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization Procedure, Maximum likelihood 11
Detection, Correlation Receiver, Matched Filter Receiver, Digital
Modulation format, Coherent Binary Modulation techniques, Coherent
Quardrature Modulation techniques. Detectors for ASK, PSK, FSK, QPSK,
QAM, DPSK. Performance analysis in presence of AWGN.
MID SEMESTER TEST
4 DIGITAL SIGNALING: 8
Error rate due to channel noise in a Matched-filter receiver, intersymbol
interference, Signal design for zero ISI, Nyquist’s criterion for distortionless
baseband binary transmission, Raised cosine spectrum, square root raised
cosine spectrum
5. SOURCE CODING TECHNIQUES:
Measure of information, entropy, properties of entropy, Lempel Ziv and 8
Shannon-Fano and Huffman Coding, Mutual information and its properties,
channel capacity, Shannon Theorem-I and II, Binary Symmetric Channel,
BEC, Repetition of signals.
Books Recommended:
1) Communication Systems by Haykins, Wiley Publication
2) Digital communication by Haykins, Wiley Publication
Evaluation Scheme: (15 marks)
i. Class tests : weightage- 5marks
ii. Teacher Assessment Quality: weightage 5 marks
iii. Assignments : weightage- 5 marks
EXPERIMENTS TO BE PERFORMED IN SESSION AUGUST-DECEMBER2019

1. *Sample 2 KHz and 6 KHz signals and observe the effect of sampling frequency on
reconstructed output. Also verify Nyquist Theorem.
2. *[a] Observe the output of of PCM Encoder when a DC voltage is applied to its input. Find
the difference between quantization level of the PCM Encoder.
*[b] Observe the effect when a Sinusoidal signal is passed through PCM Encoder and
reconstructed using PCM Decoder.
3. Evaluate the performance of Uniform Quantizer when used to quantize uniformly
distributed samples, Gaussian distributed samples and speech samples.
4. Evaluate the performance of Non Uniform Quantizer when used to quantize a speech sample.
5. *Observe the performance of Binary ASK signal in presence of noise.
6. * Observe the performance of Binary FSK signal in presence of noise.
7. Evaluate the performance of QPSK modulated wave in presence of AWGN.
8. Generate the symbols with the following probabilities
x1= 0.1, x2 = 0.1, x3 = 0.2, x4 = 0.2, x5 = 0.4
Using Huffman technique find the codes and the compression ratio.
9. Generate the symbols with the following probabilities
1 1 1 1
x1 = 2, x2 = 4, x3 = 8, x4 = 8
Using Shannon Fano Encoding technique find the codes and the compression ratio.
1101000
0110100
10. Generate a (7,4) Linear Block Code given a generator matrix 𝐺 = [ ]. Assume that
1110010
1010001
the received vector is 1 0 0 1 0 0 1. Find the Syndrome.
NOTE:(*) Indicates Hardware Experiments to be performed on TIMS Kits.
Prof. Shree Prakash Singh

Course Coordinator
ECC17: Microprocessor and its Applications

Sr. No. Course Content No. of
Lectures
1. Evolution of the Microprocessor. Elements of a microprocessor. Example 1
applications of microprocessors. Review of related past courses: On digital
logic.
2. Popular 8-bit Microprocessors (8085, Z80, 6502, 6800). 8085 architecture 4
description. Description of 8085 pins and their functions. Accessing and
addressing memory.
3. Instruction Set Architecture. Use of internal registers and flags. 6
Classification of instructions (data transfer, math and logic, control transfer
and misc.). Addressing modes. Assembly language programming.
Assembler directives. Writing simple programs for math operations, logic
operations. conditional jump. Arranging numbers. Memory testing. Writing
subroutines. Idea of writing a macro.
4. Clock signal generation methods for 8085. Range of clock frequency (0.5 to 1
5MHz, why?). Various types of Reset sources for 8085.
5. Instruction timing and execution. Instruction cycle, machine cycle and clock 3
cycle. Timing diagrams. ‘Ready’ signal use. 8085 State Transition Diagram.
Program execution time. Delay subroutines
6. Introduction to Interfacing. Direct and memory mapped ports. Input and 1
output ports.
7. Interrupts. Maskable and non-maskable. Vectored and non-vectored 1
8. Controlling LEDs, seven-segment displays, reading switches and push 1
buttons
MID SEMESTER TEST
9. Writing an ISR.Use of shared memory for data exchange between main 2
program and an ISR.
10. Interfacing continued. Writing or reading multiple bytes synchronously.. 3
Low and High side switching. Data transfer using polling and interrupts.
Controlling Relays and DC/Stepper Motors.
11. Introduction to programmable peripheral ICs. 8255 PPIO. Programming 5
Mode 0. Data transfer using handshake signals (Mode 1 and Mode 2).
8253/54 programmable Timer. Modes of operation and applications.
12. Serial Communication. Using SID and SOD for software driven serial 3
communication. 8251 USART architecture and programming. RS232,
RS422 and RS485 protocols.
13. 8279 Keyboard and Display controller. Controlling Multiplexed displays and 3
switch matrix. Programming 8279.
14. 8259 PIC Programming and applications. 8257 DMAC architecture and use. 5
15. System Design using 8085. Sample applications. 8085 limitations in 5
contemporary context. Application development tools: ICE, Simulator,
Device Programmer.
16. Overview of 8086 and 8088. 1
Books and stuff:

1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085 by Ramesh S. Gaonkar.
Penram Publications.
2. Microprocessors and its Interfacing by Douglas V. Hall. TMH.
3. Intel Datasheets.
Laboratory Experiments:
1. Introduction
The purpose of the ECC17 lab is to familiarize you with the working of an 8085 based microprocessor
system. Since the 8085 microprocessor is being introduced to you as part of the ECC17 course, it is
important that you are aware of the basic 8085 operations before you can perform any experiments on
the 8085 microprocessor and then understand the structure of a 8085 based system.
It is recommended that you have access to the book ’Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and
Applications with the 8085’ by Ramesh S. Gaonkar, 5th edition, published by Penram International for
this lab.
2. Basic Experiments
To begin with it is important to understand that the experiments for the 8085 microprocessor will be
performed on the 8085 Microprocessor kit available in the lab. This kit is made by Vinytics and is
similar to the kit discussed in Gaonkar’s book.
The first exercise that you must perform is to try and understand the operation of the kit, the various
components on the kit and their functions. It may be pertinent to point out here that this 8085 kit is a
computer in its own right. Consequently, like all computers, it has a control program stored in one of
the memory chips. When you power up this Kit, this control program starts running on the kit.
• Exercise 1
List out the major components that you see on the kit. Find out the function of these components and
classify these components into the various broad categories of components
Write a suitable report.
• Exercise 2
Read the manual supplied with the Vinytics kit. The keyboard on the kit has two groups of keys: red
keys and black keys. Understand the operation of all the red keys. The red keys are function keys and
the black keys are data keys.
Power up the kit and using the function keys store a few arbitrary numbers in the SRAM chip of the
kit. Now power off the kit for a few minutes and power it up again. Inspect the SRAM locations again
and verify that the contents of these SRAM locations have not changed even after you powered down
the Kit. Find out why. Give your suggestions for the implementation of a circuit that would help retain
the contents of the SRAM even if the main power is turned off. Can you replace the SRAM chips with
any other type of chip and still be able to modify the contents of those chips? What would be the
advantages or disadvantages of those alternatives? Write a report.
• Exercise 3
At this point you are familiar with the basic operation of the kit. Now, you must be aware of some of
the 8085 instructions to be able to perform the exercies in this groups.
Write a program to add a series of 10 numbers. These numbers are stored in consecutive memory
locations in the SRAM. The result should be stored in the memory locations following the input data.
What should be the size of the result location? What if you were to add a series of 1000 numbers? How
much result storage space would be sufficient? Write a report.
• Exercise 4
Write a program to arrange the above 10 numbers in SRAM memory in ascending order. Repeat you
experiment to arrange the data in descending order. Write a report.
• Exercise 5
Find out the meaning of checksum of a series of input data. Assume that the input data has 20 bytes.
Write a program to generate the checksum of the input data stored in some memory locations in the
SRAM. Store the checksum in a separate memory location. Write a report.
• Exercise 6
Understand the advantage of using subroutines. Rewrite the above programs using subroutines as much
as possible.
• Exercise 7
Develop a subroutine for a Multiply and divide operations.
• Exercise 8
Write routines to convert Binary to ASCII, ASCII to binary, binary to BCD, BCD to binary.
• Exercise 9
Write a program to test the RAM on the Kit.
• Exercise 10: N-point Averaging
An array in RAM contains input data. Write a subroutine to implement a 3-point averaging, i.e. Data(x)
= (Data(x-1) + Data(x) + Data(x+1))/3.
• Exercise 11
Write a program to generate a square wave on the SOD pin of the 8085.
• Exercise 12
Study the operation of 8255 Interface Card. As outlined in the 8255 Study Card Manual.
• Exercise 13
Study of 8259 Interface Card. As outlined in the 8259 Study Card Manual.
• Exercise 14
Reprogram the 8279 display and keyboard controller of the kit to operate in polling mode and read the
keyboard and display code of the Black Data keys that are pressed on the seven-segment display
• Exercise 15
Study of 8237 Interface Card. As outlined in the 8237 Study Card Manual.
Mr. D. V. Gadre
Course Coordinator
ECC18: Antenna and Wave Propagation

Total Hours: 59 Hours
No of Hours
S. No. Topics
L+P
Potential Functions & Electromagnetic Field, Current Elements,
1. Radiation from Monopole & Half Wave Dipole, power radiated by 13 Hours
current element, radiation resistance.
FIRST CLASS TEST
Reciprocity Theorems, Radiation Pattern, Antenna Parameters:
2. Antenna Gain, Effective Area, Antenna Terminal Impedance, Antenna 12 Hours
Temperature and Signal to Noise Ratio.
MID TERM EVALUATION
Two Element Array, N-Element Linear Array, Multiplication of
3. 8 Hours
patterns, Endfire, broadside array, non-uniform array, planar array.
Feeding methods of antenna array element, mutual coupling between
4. 6 Hours
two antennas.
Ground wave, sky wave propagation: Mechanism Ionosphere

5. Propagation - Reflection and refraction, Virtual Height, MUF, Critical 8 Hours
frequency, Skip Distance.
6. Space wave Propagation, Line of sight, Troposcatter, Duct Propagation 6 Hours
SECOND CLASS TEST
Loop antenna, folded dipole, Rhombic Antenna, Parabolic, Helical,
7. Horn Antenna, slot radiators, log periodic antenna, cylindrical antenna, 6 Hours
lense antenna, and microstrip antenna.
Reference Books:
1. Kraus, John D. & Mashefka, Ronald J. / “Antennas: For All Applications” / Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Jordan Edwards C. and Balmain Keith G./ “Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems”
Prentice Hall (India)
3. Antenna Theory analysis and design by Balanis, TMH.
LIST OF EXPERIMENT
1) Introduction and hands on practice on ANSYS HFSS Full-wave EM Simulator.
2) Stripline Transmission line modeling for circuit Board using EM Simulator.
3) Design and Analyze the Dipole antenna using ANSYS HFSS.
4) Construct and Analyze the Monopole Antenna on EM Simulator.
5) Design and Analysis of the Patch antenna with Coaxial Probe feed.
6) Design and Analysis of Linear Array, using full wave EM Simulator.
7) The Measurement of S-parameters of any Device under test (DUT) like one, two and Three port
devices (which designed by students) using the vector Network Analyzer (VNA)
8) Minor Project assigned in the Lab.
Mr. Shailesh Mishra

Course Coordinator
ECD05: BICMOS Analog Integrated Circuits

Unit Topics Approx.
no. of
lectures/
classes
Unit 1 Review of Devices-BJT, MOSFET and others; Device models for hand -
analysis (self- study)
Unit 2 Trans-linear (TL) principle, Typical examples and applications of TL 10
circuits, Synthesis of 4-quadtrant translinear Current-mode multiplier,
Mixed Translinear Cells; Current Conveyors and Current feedback op-
amps.
Class Test I 19/08/2019-
23/08/2019
Unit 3 Bipolar and MOS Current mirrors; MOS Amplifiers: CS amplifier, 8
Source follower; Source-coupled differential amplifier, MOS differential-
to-single-ended converter, cascode amplifier
Mid-Semester Examination 16/9/2019-
24/09/2019
Unit 4 Operational amplifiers: Typical Bipolar and CMOS op-amp 10
architectures; Modern CMOS OTAs; MOS multipliers/dividers;
Nonlinearity cancellation techniques in MOS circuits; Linear CMOS
voltage-controlled resistors; Introduction to MOS translinear circuits.
25/10/2019
Unit 5 Voltage references: simple voltage reference, VBE-multiplier, Zener 4
voltage reference circuit, bandgap reference circuit
Unit 6 Typical Examples of analog circuit designs: Programmable current 4
reference, Triangular wave generator, 4-bit Current summing DAC;
Pitfalls and Design practices in BiCMOS analog circuit design
References:
1. C. Toumazou, F. G. Lidgey and D. G. Haigh: Ànalog IC Design: The Current-mode approach’,

April 1990, Peter Peregrinus Ltd.
2. Paul R. Grey, Paul J Hurst, Stephen H. Lewis and Robert G Meyer: Ànalysis and Design of
Analog Integrated Circuits’, 5th Edition, John Wiley, January 2009
3. James C Daly and Denis P. Galipeau, Ànalog BiCMOS Design: Practices and Pitfalls,’ CRC Press
4. References suggested by the course instructor
1. Bipolar Gilbert Multiplier: (i) determination of its transfer characteristics (ii) operation as a
squarer and frequency doubler (iii) Tone burst generator
2. Verification of the operation of a Translinear Squarer: Transfer characteristic and transient

response
3. Translinear Current follower: DC, Transient and frequency response
4. Translinear CCII based noninverting amplifier and study of gain-bandwidth-decoupling
5. Realisation and verification of the gain bandwidth decoupling in a noninverting/inverting

amplifiers realised with CFOA AD844 for gains of 1 to 20
6. Comparative performance evaluation of MOS Wilson Current mirror, Gilbert Mirror (cascode
current mirror) and Modified Wilson Current mirror, in respect of (i) error in current ratio (ii)
dynamic output resistance (iii) Compliance voltage range
7. Realisation and verification of a linearized CMOS grounded VCR and its application in
realizing a electronically-controllable filter
8. Verification of a linearized CMOS transconductance amplifier: determination of its linear range

and 3-dB bandwidth
9. SPICE simulation studies on a CMOS CCII: determination of linear range and applications in
realizing various controlled sources
10. SPICE simulation studies on a BiCMOS CCCII: verification of the realizations of positive and
negative resistors
(Professor Raj Senani)

Course Coordinator
ECD14: Digital System design using VHDL/Verilog
Details of topics to be No. of
S. No. Topics to be covered covered Lectures
1 Introduction to VHDL, History, Capabilities, Chapter 1 of book 1 1

Concept of Abstraction
2 VHDL Basic Design Unit: Entity And Chapter 2 of book 1 2
Architecture (Syntax, Example), Types of (Section 2.1, 2.2 & 2.3)
modelling viz. Behavioral, Structural &
Dataflow
3 VHDL Data Types (Scalar, Composite): Chapter 3 of book 1 1
Predefined & User defined data types (Section 3.1, 3.2, 3.3)
declaration, syntax and uses
4 Chapter 3 of book 1 1
VHDL Operators and their precedence (Section 3.4)
5 Examples on VHDL operators, data types and Chapter 2 of book 3 1
basic nomenclature of VHDL coding
6 Sequential statements (Process statement Chapter 4 of book 1 1
syntax, role of sensitivity list in process (Section 4.3, 4.4, 4.5)
statement, if-then-else statement)
7 Sequential statements (Wait, Case, Null, Loop) Chapter 4 of book 1 1
(Section 4.6, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10)
8 Sequential statements (Exit, Next, Assertion) Chapter 4 of book 1 1
(Section 4.11, 4.12, 4.13)
FIRST CLASS TEST
9 Concurrent Statements (Signal assignment Chapter 4 of book 1 1
statement, Signal drivers, Inertial and Transport (Section 4.15, 4.16)
delay) Chapter 5 of book 1
(Section 5.1, 5.2)
10 Concurrent Statements (Block statement, Delta Chapter 5 of book 1 1
delay) (Section 5.3, 5.8)
11 Structural Modelling (Component Declaration Chapter 6 of book 1 1
& Instantiation)
12 Combinational Circuit Design: VHDL Chapter 2 of book 3 1
implementation of Adder & Subtractors using
all modelling styles
implementation of Decoder, Encoder and
Multiplexer using all modelling styles
implementation of Barrel Shifter and Multiplier
using all modelling styles
MID TERM EXAMINATION
15 VHDL implementation of ALU, 4×4 Keyboard Chapter 4 of book 3 2
Encoder
16 VHDL implementation of Divider Circuit Chapter 4 of book 3 1
17 Generic Statement and Generate Statement Chapter 7 of book 1 1
with examples (Section 7.1, 7.5)
18 Subprograms- Functions in VHDL: Definition, Chapter 5 of book 2 1
Syntax, Example program
19 Subprograms- Procedures in VHDL: Chapter 5 of book 2 1
Declaration, Definition, Syntax, Example
program
20 Role of Attributes in VHDL, Configuration in VHDL Chapter 6 of book 2 1

21 VHDL package and Library: Definition and Chapter 9 of book 1 1
Declaration
22 Test Bench and importance of writing test Chapter 4 of book 3 2
benches with examples
SECOND CLASS TEST
23 Sequential Circuit Design: VHDL Chapter 2 of book 2 1
implementation of flip flops, registers and
counters using all modelling styles.
24 Design and VHDL implementation of Finite Chapter 5 of book 3 1
State Machines
25 Examples of Mealy and Moore circuits Chapter 5 of book 3 2
26 Asynchronous sequential circuit design Chapter 12 of book 1 1
27 Introduction to the concept of place and route Chapter 3 of book 3 1
28 Clock Skew and Timing consideration Chapter 3 of book 3 1
29 Introduction to ROM, PAL, PLA Chapter 3 of book 3 1
30 Architecture of CPLD and FPGA Chapter 3 of book 3 2
Total 36
Books for Reference:
1. J. Bhasker, “VHDL Primer”, Pearson Education,

2. Douglas Perry, “VHDL”, Tata McGraw Hill, Fourth Edition
3. Charles H Roth, “Digital System Design using VHDL”, CENGAGE Learning, Second
Edition
List of Experiment (ECD-14)

S. No. List of Experiments
A VHDL implementation of basic and universal gates
1
B VHDL implementation of Half Adder, Full Adder, Half Subtractor, Full Subtractor
A Structural modelling based implementation of 4-bit Adder/Subtractor circuit
2
B Implement 4×1 Multiplexer using 2×1 Multiplexers in structural style of modelling
3 VHDL Implementation of 3 to 8 Decoder, Priority Encoder, Magnitude Comparator
4 VHDL implementation of BCD adder and 4-bit Carry Lookahead Adder
Implement D-Flip Flop, JK-Flip Flop, T-Flip Flop and SR-Flip Flop using VHDL.
A
5 Also implement D-Flip Flop with synchronous and asynchronous RESET.
B Implementation of 4-bit Universal Shift Register using VHDL
A Implementation of synchronous 4-bit up-down binary counter using VHDL
6
B Implementation of Ring and Johnson counters using VHDL
A Implementation of 4×4 Array Multiplier using VHDL
7
B Implementation of Add and Shift Multiplier using VHDL
A Design and implementation of Binary Divider Circuit using VHDL
Design and implementation of 16-bit ALU which can perform basic logic operations
8
B such as AND, OR, Invert, Exclusive OR and arithmetic operations such as Addition,
Subtraction, Increment & Decrement etc.
Design and implementation of IEEE Single Precision Floating Point Multiplier and
9
Floating Point Adder using VHDL
10 Design and implementation of Programmable FIR filter using VHDL
Dr. Kunwar Singh

Course Coordinator
ECD47: Switching Theory and Automata
Total Lectures: 40 Total Tutorials: 14
Lecture/tutorial
S.No
Topics to be covered L T
1 Introduction to number system and codes: Radix conversion 1
2 Binary codes (BCD, 2421, excess-3, 84-2-1, 5421, gray), 1 1
3 Conversion form binary to gray and vice-versa, 1
Simplification Using Boolean algebra and standard forms of
4 1
Boolean Expressions 1
5 Venn Diagram of boolean expression
6 DeMorgans Theorems and solve the problem and implementation 1
1
7 Hamming codes for error detection and error correction. 1
Parity checker and detector (EVEN/ODD) and Designing and 1
8 1
Implementation using GATE.
Sequential Machines: Introduction, flip-flops and excitation table.
9 3
Design of counters.
10 Synthesis of synchronous sequential machine, capabilities and
3 1
limitations of Finite State machine.
Class Test-I
11 Combinatorial System: Switching algebra, switching functions. 1 1
Isomorphic systems, Electronic gate networks, Design procedure,
12 2
Adders, Subs tractors, Code conversion, Binary parallel adder
13 Boolean Algebra: Axioms, Canonical & standard forms, Logic 1
gates, Simplification of Boolean functions (up to 5 variables)
2
using (i) K-map (ii) Tabulation (Quin-Mclusky) method, NAND
& NOR implementation
14 Minimization: Use of minimization techniques, minimal functions
1
and their properties
Mid-Term Examination
Quine-McCluskey method for determination of prime implicants 1
15 2
by tabulation procedure,
16 The prime implicant chart. 1
17 Heuristic two level circuit minimization 1 1
18 Multi output two-level circuit minimization 1
19 Synthesis of switching functions: use of logic gates, 2
1
20 logic design with integrated circuits, NAND and NOR circuits 1
21 Design of high speed adders 2
1
22 Analysis and synthesis of contact networks. 1
Class Test-II
Fault Diagnosis: Introduction, fault tolerance techniques, design
23 1
for testability. 1
24 Unicast and Multicast Routing 3
Finite Automata: Deterministic accepters and transition graphs,
25 2 1
Language and Dfa’s, Regular languages.
Non-deterministic finite accepters, Definition of non-deterministic
26 2 1
accepters, why non-determinism
Equivalence of deterministic and non-deterministic finite
27 1
accepters, Reduction of the number of states in finite automata.
SUGGESTED BOOKS:
1. Z V I Kohavi, `` Switching and Finite Automata Theory,” Tata McGraw Hill .

2. Peter Linz, `Àn Introduction to Finite Languages and Automata,” Narosa Publishing House.
3. M M Mano, ``Digital logic and computer design ,’’ Prentica Hall India
Dr. Tarun Kumar Rawat

Course Coordinator
ICC17: Analog and Digital Communication
Units Contents Approximate
number of
Classes
1. Representation of signals and systems: Fourier Series, Fourier
transform and its properties, spectral density. 4
2. Analog Communication: Amplitude modulation & demodulation,
DSB-SC Modulation & demodulation, SSB-SC Modulation & 4
demodulation,
FIRST CLASS TEST 1
3. Analog Communication Contd.: Frequency modulation (direct and
indirect method), NBFM, WBFM, Frequency demodulation (balanced 6
slope detector and phase discriminator), Noise analysis of AM, PM
and FM
4a. Probability Theory and Random Process: Random Variables, PDF, 4
CDF, Mean, Moments
MID SEMESTER TEST
4b Probability Theory and Random Process Contd.: 5
Gaussian Distribution, Transformation of Random Variables, Random
Process, Wide Sense Stationary Process
5. Digital Communication: Sampling theorem (Instantaneous
Sampling, Natural Sampling and Flat Top Sampling), PAM, PPM, 8
PWM, PCM, Quantization, Quantization Error, , DPCM, DM, Inter-
symbol Interference
6. Digital Communication Contd.: Correlation receiver, Matched Filter,
Binary ASK, PSK, FSK, QPSK, QAM and their probability of error 8
calculation.
Books Recommended:
3) Communication Systems by Haykins, Wiley Publication
4) Digital communication by Haykins, Wiley Publication
5) Principles of Communication Systems by Taub and Schilling McGraw-Hill
Evaluation Scheme: (15 marks)
i. Class tests : weightage- 10 marks

ii. Teacher Assessment Quality and Assignments: weightage- 5 marks
Prof. Sujata Sengar

Course Coordinator
ECD04: Wireless Communication
1. INTRODUCTION 05
Evolution of various generations of Wireless Communication systems and standards,
Fundamentals of digital communication systems, Error performance of communication systems
in an AWGN channel.
2. PRINCIPLES OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 07
Basics of wireless channel modelling, Fading, Delay spread, RMS delay spread, Coherence
Bandwidth, Doppler fading, Classification of fading channels: slow and fast fading, flat and
frequency selective fading, Rayleigh fading model.
CLASS TEST
3. SISO WIRELESS SYSTEMS OVER FADING CHANNELS 08
BER performance of wireless communication system over Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading
channels, SNR in wireless systems, Concept of Diversity, Types of diversity, ML Detection
and Channel Estimation in wireless communications.
MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION
SISO WIRELESS SYSTEMS OVER FADING CHANNELS (Contd.) 04

Outgae Probability, Ergodic capacity, Calculation of outage probability and ergodic capacity
for different wireless communication systems, Asymptotic analysis
4. MULTIPLE ANTENNA BASED WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS 08
Introduction to SIMO. MISO, and MIMO communication systems, Beamforming techniques,
Diversity combining techniques: Selection Combining, Maximal Ratio Combining, Equal Gain
Combining, Error and outage analysis of various MIMO systems over fading channels,
5. SPACE TIME BLOCK CODES 07
Introduction to Space-Time coding, Orthoganal STBC, Alamouti STBC, Performance of
Alamouti STBC over Rayleigh fading channel, ML Detection of OSTBC
Total Lectures: 39+1 (Class Test)
Books:
• Principles of Modern Wireless Communication Systems by Aditya K Jagannathamn
• Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications by E. Larsson and P. Stoica
• Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice by Theodore S. Rappaport
• Modern Wireless Communication Systems by S. Haykin and M. Moher
List of Experiments to be performed during August - November 2019
(All the experiments will be performed on MATLAB software)
1. Simulate a wireless communication system with no fading over AWGN channel using different
modulation schemes.
2. Simulate the Rayleigh density function and verify with the analytical PDF.
3. Simulate the CDF of Nakagami-m distribution and verify with theoretical CDF.
4. Evaluate the BER performance of SISO wireless communication system over Rayleigh fading
channel
5. Analyze the outgae performance for Rayleigh faded wireless communication systems.
6. Analyze the ergodic capacity performance for Rayleigh faded wireless communication systems.
7. Observe the impact of transmit diversity on the error performance of wireless communication
system.
8. Analyze the error and outage performance of receive diversity using selection combining.
9. Compare the performance for selection combining and Maximal Ratio Combining techniques.
10. Simulate the 2 X 2 wireless communication system utilizing Alamouti STBC and plot the BER
versus SNR performance over Rayleigh fading channel.
Dr. Ankur Bansal
Course Coordinator
ECD18: Cryptography
Prof. Parul Garg

Course Coordinator
ECD25: Information Theory
S. Course Content No. of
No. Lectures
1 Entropy, Conditional entropy, Mutual Information, Informational divergence, 7
Reduction of Uncertainty, Chain rule of uncertainty, Jensens Inequality,
Information measure for continuous random variables, Markov chains
FIRST CLASS TEST
2 Data Compression, Coding for discrete sources, source coding theorem I, 7
Fixed length codes, variable length codes, Kraft inequality, source coding
theorem II, Huffman coding algorithm, discrete stationary sources, Lempel-
Ziv algorithm,
3 Coding for analog sources, rate distortion function, scalar quantization 5
MID SEMESTER EXAM
4 Channel capacity, channel models, Gaussian channel: bandlimited channels, 8
Noisy channel coding theorem, computation of channel capacity
SECOND CLASS TEST
5 Gaussian multiple user channels, the multiple access channel, encoding of 7
correlated sources, the broadcast channel, the relay channel
SUGGESTED READINGS:
(1) John G. Proakis, ``Digital Communications,’’ Tata McGraw Hill

(2) Cover, T.M. and Thomas, J.A., `Èlements of Information Theory,’’ Wiley Inter science
(3) Bose, R., `Ìnformation Theory, Coding and Cryptography,’’ Tata McGraw Hill
Prof. Parul Garg

Course Coordinator
ECD29: Coding Theory

S. No. Topics to be covered No. of
Lectures
Introduction to Linear Algebra, Groups, Fields
Unit 1 Review of Linear algebra and Vector spaces, matrices. 7.
Introduction to Groups, Fields.
Construction of a Galois field, Basic properties of a Galois field,
Computation using Galois field arithmetic. Finite fields, Irreducible
polynomials, Construction of Finite fields.
First Class Test
Linear Block Codes:
Unit 2 Introduction to Error control Coding, Introduction to Linear Block Codes,
7
Generator Matrix, Parity Check Matrix, minimum distance of a block code.
Error Probability after Coding, Syndrome, Error detection and Error
Correction.
Decoding of Linear Block Codes, Properties of Linear Block Codes, Reed
Muller codes, Hamming Codes.
Low density parity check codes (LDPC), Decoding of LDPC codes: Belief
propagation algorithm.
Mid-Sem Examination
Cyclic Codes:
Unit 3 Introduction to cyclic codes, Method for generating parity check matrix of 7
cyclic codes, Encoding of cyclic codes, Syndrome computation and error
detection.
Decoding of cyclic codes, Cyclic Hamming codes, Golay codes, cyclic
redundancy check codes (CRC).
BCH codes, Decoding of BCH codes, Non-Binary BCH codes and Reed
Solomon Codes, Implementation of Reed-Solomon Encoders and
Decoders.
Burst Error correcting codes:
Introduction, Decoding of Single-Burst- Error Correcting Cyclic codes, 5
Unit 4 Single burst error correcting codes
Interleaved codes, Phased-Burst Error correcting codes
Burst and random error correcting codes
Modified fire codes for correction of burst and random errors.
Second Class Test
Convolutional Codes, Turbo Codes and its decoding
Unit 5 strategies:
Introduction to convolution codes: Encoding, State diagram, Trellis
diagram 9
Convolutional codes: Classification, realization, structural and distance
properties
Decoding of Convolutional codes: Viterbi algorithm, BCJR algorithm,
Performance bounds on Convolutional codes
Sequential decoding of Convolutional codes, Burst error correcting
Convolutional codes
Introduction to Turbo encoding and decoding, Distance properties of turbo
codes. Convergence of turbo codes, Interleaver design of turbo codes.
Suggested Readings
(a) Lin, S. and Costello Jr., D.J., “Error Control Coding,” Pearson Prentice-Hall.
(b) Blahut, R.E., “Algebraic codes for data Transmission,” Cambridge University Press.
(c) Moon, T.K., “Error Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods and Algorithms,” Wiley Inter
science.
(d) McEliece, R., “Theory of Information and Coding,” Cambridge University Press.
(e) Gilbert Strang, “Introduction to Linear algebra and its applications,” Springer.
1 class tests 1 and 2 8 marks for each test
2 Assignments 5 marks
Total 25 marks
Prof. S. P. Singh
Course Coordinator
M. Tech. Course (Odd Semester 2019-2020)
ECSPC01: Applied Linear Algebra

Lectures
Fundamentals of Linear Algebra

Fields, rings, groups, vector spaces, algebras
Unit 1 Basis of a vector space. Alternative equivalent definitions.
Examples: The algebra of (nxn) matrices with values in a field, the ring of
polynomials, the algebra of ratio of polynomials, the group of permutations of a set,
the vector space spanned by a set of functions on a set with values in a field. The
notion of algebraically closed and non-closed fields with examples.
Ideals, polynomial ideals, the monic generator of a polynomial, uniqueness and
existence, Subspaces, quotient spaces, direct sum decompositions, Co-ordinate
representation of a vector relative to a basis, Linear transformations between two 11
vector spaces. Matrix of a linear transformation relative to bases, examples of linear
transformations from signal and system theory.
Inner product and Hilbert spaces in finite and infinite dimensions, Injective,
Surjective and Bijective linear transformations between vector spaces, notion of
vector space isomorphism, The rank-nullity theorem, range and nullspace of a linear
operator, Echelon form of a matrix and its application to solving linear systems of
equations.
Decomposition theorems of matrix and operator theory:
A=EF, where E has full column rank and F has full row rank.
Unit 2 The spectral theorem for normal, Hermitian and unitary operators in finite
dimensional vector spaces.
Bounded and unbounded operators in a Hilbert space, the spectral theorem for
bounded Hermitian operators in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. Proof based
on construction of the square root of a positive operator.
The polar decomposition of matrices.
The singular value decomposition.
The Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization process and the QR decomposition.
The LDU and UDL decomposition for positive definite matrices with application
to linear prediction theory.
Characteristic polynomials, eigenvalues, the minimal polynomial, diagonability, the
primary decomposition theorem for finite dimensional operators on a vector space
over an arbitrary field.
The Jordan canonical form for nilpotent matrices over complex field. 11
The Jordan canonical form for finite dimensional matrices over the complex field.
Definition of the spectrum of an operator in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space.
Compact operators in a Hilbert space and countability of their spectra. Proof
that only the zero eigenvalue of a compact operator can be an accumulation point
of its set of eigenvalues, proof of the finite dimensionality of the eigen subspace of
a compact operator corresponding to a non-zero eigenvalue, matrix inversion lemma
and its application to the RLS-Lattice algorithm for time and order recursive
prediction of a discrete time signal.
MID SEMESTER TEST

Basics of Quantum Mechanics
Applications of vector space and linear transformation theory to quantum
Unit 3 mechanics: Pure state, mixed state, observables, Schrodinger and Heisenberg
dynamics, interaction picture dynamics, Dyson series solution to Schrodinger
evolution.
Computing probabilities of events in quantum mechanics, projection valued and
positive operator valued measurements, collapse of a state following a
measurement, Time independent perturbation theory. 7
Scattering theory in quantum mechanics, the wave operators, Lippmann-Schwinger
equations for the scattered states, Born approximation, Basic quantum information
theory over finite dimensional Hilbert spaces.
Applications of Quantum Information and Communication
Basic quantum information theory over finite dimensional Hilbert spaces.
[a] Proof the Shannon noiseless and noisy coding theorem and its converse in
classical communication theory based on typical sequences and the Feinstein-
Unit 2 Khintchine fundamental lemma.
[b] Von-Neumann Entropy of a state, entropy typical projections and Bernoulli
typical projections, Schumacher noiseless quantum compression.
[c] Classical-Quantum (C-Q) coding theorem for classical sources communicated 10
via quantum mixed states.
[d] Noisy quantum channels: The Stinespring and Choi-Krauss representations.
[e] Recovery operators for noisy quantum channels and the Knill-Laflamme
theorem.
Linearization of nonlinear systems.
[a] Lyapunov exponents, linearization of the logistic and Lotka-Volterra equations.
[b] Linearization of non-linear dynamical systems described by ode and pde with
applications to galactic evolution via linearization of the Einstein field equations.
[c] The algebra of creation, annihilation and conservation operators with application
to quantum field theory in the presence of noise.
Solving stochastic differential equations driven by discontinuous semi-martingales
(as a part of linearization of non-linear stochastic systems). Construction of the
stochastic integral w.r.t a square integrable Martingale is treated as a Hilbert space
isomorphism problem while solving stochastic differential equations driven by
semimartingales using perturbation theory comes under the heading "linearization
of nonlinear systems".
[a] Construction of the stochastic integral w.r.t semi-martingales based on the Doob-
Meyer decomposition.
[b] The Doleans-Dade-Meyer-Ito formula for discontinuous semi-martingales with
application to superpositions of compound Poisson processes and Brownian motion.
[c] The generalized Lipschitz conditions for proving existence and uniqueness of
solutions to sde's driven by discontinuous semi-martingales.
[d] Applications of stochastic calculus to mathematical finance.
[e] Stochastic optimal control for Markov processes.
[f] Stochastic nonlinear filtering for Markov processes in the presence of Levy
measurement noise.(three lectures)
Applications to Signal Processing, Chaos Theory and
Unit 3 Quantum Filtering 7.
Application of the singular value decomposition to principal component analysis.
Application of the spectral theorem to the correlation matrix based approach to
MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithm for direction of arrival estimation.
Application of the singular value decomposition to the data matrix based approach
to MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms.
[17] Definition and properties of tensor product of vector spaces and operators.
[a] Definition of the tensor product of vector spaces and specialization to the
Kronecker tensor product.
[b] Symmetric and anti-symmetric tensor products of vector spaces.
[c] Application of tensor products to Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and
Fermi-Dirac
statistics of elementary particles.
[d] Tensor product of infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces, construction based on the
GNS principle combined with Kolmogorov's consistency theorem.
[18] Basics of classical and quantum filtering theory and control (comes under the
heading "stochastic calculus in Boson-Fock space" which is a special kind of Hilbert
space constructed using multiple tensor products).
[a] The Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic calculus and the HP noisy
Schrodinger equation.
[b] Derivation of the Belavkin filter for a mixture of quadrature and photon counting
measurements.
[c] Quantum control applied to the Belavkin filter for reduction of Lindblad noise.
Suggested Readings
(a) K. Hoffman and R. Kunze, “Linear Algebra,” 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Inc.
(b) Kato. T., “Perturbation theory for linear operators”, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1995.
(c) Parthasarathy, K. R., “Coding theorems of Classical and Quantum Information theory,” Hindustan
Book Agency, 2013..
(d) Amrein, W.O., “Hilbert space methods in Quantum mechanics,” CRC Press book, 2009.
(e) Steven Weinberg, “Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General theory of
relativity,” Wiley (1972).
Prof. Harish Parthasarathy

Course Coordinator
ECSPC02: Advance Digital Signal Processing

S. Topics Lectures
No.
1. Digital Signal Representations: Signal representation using transforms – 05
DFT, DCT, Haar Transform, Signal decomposition using KLT, SVD and
applications.
2. Filter structures for efficient hardware implementation: Review of FIR and 07

IIR filter structures, polyphase structures, allpass filters Realization based on
the multiplier extraction approach, realization based on the two-pair
extraction approach, Lattice filter structures, parallel allpass realization of
IIR transfer functions. Computational complexity of digital filter structures.
Class Test-I
3. Analysis of finite word length effects: Number representations, quantization 08
of fixed- and floating-point numbers, coefficient quantization error, product
quantization error, limit cycles in IIR filters, Finite word length effects in
digital filters and DFT.
4. Multirate signal Processing: Decimation, interpolation, sampling rate 12
conversion by a rational factor, computational requirements, polyphase
decomposition, Design of narrowband filters: IFIR filters, multistage
implementation of sampling rate conversion, Nyquist filters: half-band filter,
uniform DFT filter bank: polyphase implementation, two-channel QMF
bank; Subband coding of sppech and audio signals.
Class Test-II
5. Representation of DSP algorithms: Block diagrams, Signal Flow graph, data 08
flow graph, dependence graph. bit-parallel arithmetic, bit-serial arithmetic,
residue number system, Canonic Sign Digit arithmetic, the CORDIC
algorithm, Distributed arithmetic.
Total Lectures 40
Books:
1. P. P. Vaidyanathan, “Multirate Systems and Filter Banks,” Prentice Hall.
2. S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based Approach,”McGraw-Hill.
3. Tarun Kumar Rawat, “Digital Signal Processing,” Oxford University Press.
Dr. Tarun Kumar Rawat

Course Coordinator
ECSPE02: Neural Networks

Lectures
1. Biological Model, computational models, neurons, network of 10

neurons, artificial networks, McCulloh-Pitts network, Boolean
function synthesis, feed forward and recurrent networks, weighted and
non-weighted networks, Hadamard-Walsh transform, perceptrons,
geometric interpretation, implementation of logical functions,
separable functions, X-OR problem, error functions
First Class Test
3. Pyramidal networks, perceptron learning, supervised and unsupervised 10

networks, pocket algorithm, perception learning complexity.
Competitive learning algorithm, clustering, unsupervised
reinforcement learning, principal components, PCA. Multiple layered
networks, solution of X-OR problem, over-fitting,
Mid-Sem Examination
5. Local minima, learning as gradient descent, differentiable activation 07

functions, back propagation algorithm, fast back propagation, logistic
regression, Bootstrap algorithm, hidden Markov models, Viterbi
algorithm.
Second Class Test
6. Associative networks - types of networks, associative learning, 07

Hebbian learning, Hopfield model, simulated annealing, stochastic
neural networks, Boltzmann learning, Self-organizing networks-
Kohonen learning.
7. Deep network – bias-variance trade-off, regularization, output units - 06

linear, softmax. Hidden units –tanh, ReLU, RLU. Dropout,
Convolutional neural networks, Deep belief nets, recurrent neural
networks, unsupervised deep learning - auto encoders, deep
reinforcement learning.
Total lectures 40
Text Books:
[T1] Raul Rojas, Neural Networks – A systematic introduction, Springer-Verlag,

Berlin, New-York, 1996.
[T2] Ian Goodfellow and YoshuaBengio and Aaron Courville, Deep learning, MIT
Press, 2016.
References:
[R1] Simon O. S Theodoridis, K Koutroumbas, Pattern Recogntion, 4th Edition,
Academic Press, 2009.
[R2] Bishop, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 1st ed. 2006
1. Calculate the output of a simple neuron
2. Create and view custom neural networks
3. Classification of linearly separable data with a perceptron
4. Classification of a 4-class problem with a 2-neuron perceptron
5. Classification of an XOR problem with a multilayer perceptron
6. Classification of a 4-class problem with a multilayer perceptron
7. Radial basis function networks for function approximation
8. Radial basis function networks for classification of XOR problem
9. Implementation of a deep neural network
10. Experiment on image processing using a Convolutional Neural Network
Dr. Kunwar Singh

Subject Coordinator
SPD09: Detection and Estimation Theory

1. INTRODUCTION 02
a. Topical outline to detection and estimation theory, Possible approaches
2. CLASSICAL DETECTION THEORY 08
a. Detection theory: Binary hypothesis testing problem, Bayes Criterion, Bayes Risk, Min-
Max Criterion, and Neyman-Pearson criteria, Probability of False alarm, Probability of
Miss, Signaling in additive Gaussian noise, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC).
CLASS TEST I
b. CLASSICAL DETECTION THEORY (Contd.) 03
c. M-ary hypothesis testing problems.
3. ESTIMATION THEORY 08
a. Estimation of random parameters, Bayes estimation, Minimum mean square (MMS)
estimate and Maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates. Properties of cost function,
Estimation of nonrandom parameters, Maximum likelihood (ML) estimate.
b. ESTIMATION THEORY (Contd.) 05
c. Cramer-Rao inequality for non-random and random parameter estimation, Multiple

parameter estimation, Measure of error, Consistent estimate, Bounds on estimation
errors
4. COMPOSITE HYPOTHESIS & SEQUENTIAL ESTIMATION 06
a. Composite hypothesis, General Gaussian problem: equal mean vector, equal covariance
matrices, Elements of sequential and non-parametric detection and estimation, Wiener-
Hopf and Kalman filtering.
CLASS TEST II
5. DETECTION & ESTIMATION OF SIGNALS 06

a. Detection of signals in additive white Gaussian noise, Linear and Non-linear estimation,
Detection and estimation in non-white Gaussian noise: Whitening approach, Karhunen-
Loeve expansion.
Total Lectures: 38+2 (Class Test)
Books:
• H. L. Van Trees, “Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory: Part I,” John Wiley.
• H. V. Poor, “An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation,” Springer.
• James L. Melsa, David L. Cohn, “Decision and Estimation Theory,” McGraw Hill.
Course Coordinator
Dr. Ankur Bansal
SPD10: Speech Processing
S. Lecture syllabus Duration CO
No.
1. Introduction: The speech signal, classification, process of speech (3 hrs) [CO1]
production, acoustic phonetics, articulatory phonetics, Pitch,
formants, various applications.
2. Digital Model of Speech Signal: The process of Speech (8 hrs) [ CO1,
production, Sound propagation, tonal/ non-tonal components, CO2]
global threshold (MPEG- I), Uniform lossless tube model, digital
model.
3. Time domain models for speech processing: Time dependent (6 hrs) [CO3]
processing of Speech, Short time average energy, short time
average magnitude, short time average zero crossing rate, speech
Vs silence discrimination, pitch period estimation, short time auto
correlation function.
4. Short time Fourier analysis: Fourier transform interpretation, (6 hrs) [CO3]
Linear filtering Interpretation, filter bank summation method,
overlap addition method, Homomorphic speech processing.
5. Digital representation of Speech: Sampling, A law, mu law, (3 hrs) [CO4]

scalar quantization, vector quantization, mp3 compression.
6. Coding theory (strategies and standards) : Introduction, (4 hrs) [CO5]
algorithm objectives and requirements, coding strategies,
waveform coding, voice coders, hybrid coders, CELP.
7. Insight to Speech recognition: Basic building blocks of Speech (3 hrs) [CO6]
Recognition system.
References:
1. Digital processing of Speech signals by Rabiner and Schaffer
2. Speech Communication, Human and machine by Douglas O’ Shaugnessy.
Section Experiment Aim of the experiment
no.
Basics of speech 1 (a) Compare the time domain and frequency domain plots of a
data acquisition speech signal sampled at 44.5KHz, 16KHz and 8KHz
respectively and thus validate the view that speech signal can be
considered band limited to 4KHz.
1(b) To study the significance of bit resolution: Record a sentence
“Should we chase” using wavrecord at Fs = 8KHz and R = 16
bits/sample and R=8 bits/sample.
1(c) To study the significance of anti-aliasing filter: The sentence
“Should we chase” is recorded at R = 16 and fs = 8KHz. It is
re-sampled to 4KHz by
i) directly taking alternate samples
ii) first passing through anti aliasing lpf (cutoff <= 2KHz)
and then taking alternate samples. For all the three
signals time domain and frequency domain plots are
obtained.
Study of different 2(a) To study the time and frequency domain manifestations of
sound speech from different sound units in Hindi language.
Units in Indian 2(b) To study randomness of speech using statistical properties.
languages
Time domain 3(a) To study short term speech parameters in time domain—short
analysis term energy and zero crossing rate
3(b) Pitch estimation using short term autocorrelation
Frequency domain 4(a) Cepstral analysis of speech signal
analysis 4(b) Pitch determination using Cepstral analysis
4(c) To understand the concept of spectrum and STFT.
Digital Speech 5 To study compression of digital audio
Compression
Linear Predictive 6 To study of linear predictive coding of speech signal
coding
Prof. Jyotsna Singh

Course Coordinator
SPD24: Pattern recognition

Unit Topic Subtopic Lecture Hrs.
Unit 1 Basics of Design principles of pattern recognition 8

pattern system, Learning and adaptation, Pattern
recognition, recognition approaches, Mathematical
foundations: Linear algebra, Probability
Theory, Expectation, mean and covariance,
Normal distribution, multivariate normal
densities, Chi squared test.
CLASS TEST 1
Unit 2 Statistical Bayesian Decision Theory, Classifiers, 8

Patten Normal density and discriminant function.
Recognition Parameter estimation methods: Maximum-
Likelihood estimation, Bayesian Parameter
estimation.
MID SEMESTER
Unit 3 Dimension Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Fisher 8

reduction Linear discriminant analysis, Expectation-
methods maximization (EM), Hidden Markov Models
(HMM), Gaussian mixture models.
CLASS TEST 2
Unit 4 Nonparametric Density Estimation, Parzen Windows, K- 8

Techniques: Nearest Neighbor Estimation, Nearest
Neighbor Rule, Fuzzy classification.
Unsupervised Learning & Clustering:
Criterion functions for clustering,
Clustering Techniques.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. C.M. Bishop, “Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning,” Springer.

2. Richard Duda, Peter Hart, and David Stork, “Pattern Classification” John Wiley
and Sons.
3. NPTEL video lectures on Machine Learning
Prof. Jyotsna Singh

Course Coordinator
ECEVC01: Introduction to VLSI Design
Syllabus Total hrs for

lectures
Introduction to Integrated Circuit Technology, Metal-Oxide-semiconductor (MOS) 06
and Related VLSI Technology, nMOS Fabrication, Summary of an nMOS Process,
CMOS Fabrication: The p-well Process, The n-well Process, The Twin-Tub
Process, Latch-up in CMOS Circuits, Layout design rules, Stick diagrams, Brief
introduction to GaAs, SOI and CNT based devices and ITRS (International
Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors)
MOS Transistor theory: Basic MOS Transistors, MOSFET operation in 08
Enhancement Mode and depletion mode, The MOSFET Transistor regions of
operation Accumulation, Depletion and Strong Inversion, The Threshold voltage,
I-V Characteristic of MOSFET, MOSFET Operation in triode, saturation and cutoff
regions. SPICE Modeling of the MOSFET, Simple MOS Large-Signal Model,
Small-Signal Model for the MOS transistor. Brief introduction to MOSFET
capacitances
First Class Test
CMOS logic design: The CMOS Inverter, CMOS Logic Gates: NAND Gate, 08
NOR Gate, Compound Gates, Pass Transistors and Transmission Gates, Tristates,
Multiplexers, adders, multipliers. Sequential Circuits: Latches and flip-flops,
counters etc.
Mid Sem. Exam
Analog CMOS Sub circuits: MOS Switch, Active Resistor/Loads, Currents Sinks 08
and Sources, The Current Mirrors, Amplifiers, cascade amplifiers, Flip voltage
followers, Design of a two-stage CMOS OP-AMP. Operational Trans conductance
amplifiers and its application, MOS trans linear circuits
Second Class Test
Testing, Debugging, and Verification: Test vectors, Fault Models, Observability, 06
Controllability Repeatability, Survivability, Fault Coverage, Automatic Test
Pattern Generation (ATPG) Delay Fault Testing, Ad Hoc Testing,
Text Books:
1. Neil H. E. West & D M Harris, CMOS VLSI Design, Addison-Wesley, Fourth Edition.
2. B. A. Pucknell & K. Eshraghian, Basic VLSI Design, PHI, 3rd Edition
References:
3. Phillip E. Allen, CMOS Analog Circuit Design, HRW, 1995.

4. R. Jacob Baker, CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, IEEE PRESS, 1997.
1. Study of I-V characteristics of PMOS and NMOS Transistor.
2. Study of DC transient analysis for CMOS Inverter.

3. To perform AC and transient analysis of CS amplifier.
4. To design full adder using MOS transistor.
5. To design transmission gate using CMOS inverter.
6. To design XOR (logic gate) using Transmission gate.
7. Study of CMOS op-amp as 2 stage amplifier.
8. To Perform analysis of current mirrors.
9. To design layout of NAND/NOR gate.

Dr. Shweta Gautam
Course Coordinator
ECEVC02: Embedded System Design

Definition of Embedded System, Embedded Systems Vs General Computing Systems. (3 classes)
History of Embedded Systems, Classification, Major Application Areas, Purpose of Embedded

Systems, Characteristics and Quality Attributes of Embedded Systems. (5 classes)
Core of the Embedded System: General Purpose and Domain Specific Processors, ASICs, PLDs,
Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components (COTS). (5 classes)
Memory: ROM, RAM, Memory according to the type of Interface, Memory Shadowing, Memory
selection for Embedded Systems. (5 classes)
AVR Microcontroller architecture details and programming (5 classes)
Sensors and Actuators. (3 classes)
Communication Interface: Onboard and External Communication Interfaces such as UART, I2C, SPI
(5 classes)
Reset Circuit, Brown-out Protection Circuit, Oscillator Unit, Real Time Clock, Watchdog Timer,  (3
classes)
Embedded Firmware Design Approaches and Development Languages. (3 classes)
Operating System Basics, Types of Operating Systems, Tasks, Process and Threads, Multiprocessing
and Multitasking, Task Scheduling. Shared Memory, Message Passing, Remote Procedure Call and
Sockets, Task Synchronization: Task Communication/Synchronization Issues, Task Synchronization
Techniques, Device Drivers, How to Choose an RTOS. (7 classes)
Reference Books:
1. Shibu K.V., “Introduction to Embedded Systems,” McGraw Hill. 

2. Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design,” John Wiley.
3. David E. Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer,” Pearson Education.
4. John Catsoulis, ‘Designing Embedded Hardware, 2nd edition’, Shroff Publishers
The laboratory experiments:
1. Proposal of a standalone, microcontroller based hardware project that has suitable input and
output devices, sensors, intra-system communication protocols (I2C, SPI etc), memory storage
device, power supply and uses a modern microcontroller of your choice (AVR, MSP430, ARM
Cortex M0, M3, M4 etc) and this should achieve something useful.
2. Gantt’s chart for implementing the proposed project during the course of the semester. This
should include tasks such as visualization of the project, schematic capture, PCB design and
layout, PCB fabrication, code development, project fabrication and integration, testing and final
deployment as well as complete documentation and 2-minute long YouTube video.
3. Design and fabrication of the PCB either through external PCB services or using the resources
in CEDT.
4. Soldering and testing the project hardware.
5. Code integration and testing.
6. Final demonstration and submission.
List of Input, output, sensors and communication and memory storage devices:
• Inputs: switches, keypads, capacitive touch, joystick etc.

• Outputs: LED, SSD, LED Matrix, character and graphics LCD, DC/Stepper motor, relay,
speaker etc.
• Sensors: temperature, humidity, magnetic field, light, pH, sound etc.
• Communication: UART, I2C, SPI, USB etc.
• Memory: serial flash memory devices.
Mr. D. V. Gadre
Course Coordinator
ECEVE01: Digital System Design
Week Theory
Lecture Topic (Including assignment/ test)
day
1st 1. Combinational circuits
2. Adders
3. Multipliers
2nd 4. Decoders
5. Encoders
6. Multiplexers
3rd 7. Verilog HDL
8. Timing diagrams
9. Gate delays and static hazards
4th 10. Universal shift register
11. Class Test
12. Flip flops
5th 13. Counters
14. Setup and hold time
15. Clock to output delay
6th 16. Timing issues
17. PLDs
18. Modelling of all circuits using HDL
MID TERM
7th 19. Finite state machine
20. Mealy and moore machine
21. Design and table graph
8th 22. State assignments
23. Sequence detector
24. Modelling of state machine using HDL
9th 25. Algorithmic state machine
26. ASM block
27. ASMD chart with design examples
28. Class test
29. Controller and hardware path design
10th 30. Controller design with multiplexers
31. FPGAs
32. ASIC design flow
11th 33. Logic synthesis
34. Discussion
Text books: 1. Verilog HDL A guide to Digital Design and Synthesis by Samir Palnitkar
2. Digital System Design Using VHDL (English, Paperback, Jr. Roth Charles H.)
3. Digital design by Morris Mano (Pearson).
List of Experiments
1. Implement full adder in all coding styles viz. structural, dataflow and behavioral using Verilog
HDL.
2. Implement 4 x 1 MUX in all coding styles using Verilog HDL.
3. Implement D-latch and D-Flip-flop with asynchronous and synchronous RESET using Verilog
HDL.
4. Implement N-bit SISO, SIPO, PISO, PIPO shift registers and universal shift register using Verilog
HDL.
5. Implement N-bit UP-DOWN counter using Verilog HDL.
6. Implement Mealy and Moore based FSMs in Verilog HDL for detecting a sequence ……..
(a) Using conventional coding style
(b) Huffman coding style
7. Implement a generalized Verilog HDL code to multiply two unsigned binary numbers by modelling
in terms of datapath and controller units (maximum number of bits in both the numbers limited to
16). Draw ASMD chart and clearly indicate the input signals, output signals and status signals. Also
mention the number of clock cycles needed to multiply a 12-bit binary number with 5-bit binary
number. Demonstrate the correct functionality by using FPGA board (Zedboard).
8. Implement a traffic light controller and elevator controller in Verilog HDL.
9. Implement a RISC processor consisting of datapath, controller and memory units.
10. Hardware experiment.
Dr. Urvashi Bansal

Course Coordinator
ESD13: Deep Sub Micron CMOS ICs

Week Theory
Lecture Topic (Including assignment/test)
day
1st 1. Basics of sub micron technology & MOS Scaling
2. Classification of Scaling
3. DSM effects on Devices, physical and geometrical effects on the behavior of
MOS transistor
2nd 4. Short channel effect- velocity saturation, carrier mobility,
5. Hot electron effect, thinning of oxide layer
6. Effect on threshold voltage
3rd 7. DIBL, weak inversion behavior of MOS
8. Narrow Channel effect- effect on threshold, hot carrier effect, how to reduce
hot carrier degradation
9. Effect on threshold voltage
th
4 10. Gate Capacitance, overlap capacitance, junction, sidewall capacitance in each
operating mode
11. Class Test I
5th 12. MOS transistor leakage mechanism,
13. how leakage get effected in lower technology mode
14. Source drain leakage, thin oxide gate tunneling,
6th 15. weak inversion of NMOS, Reverse bias leakage current
16. Subthreshold leakage, GIDL
17. Impact ionization, overall leakage and consideration
a. MID SEM EXAMINATION
7th 18. Signal Integrity, cross talk and signal propagation
19. power integrity
20. supply and ground bounce, substrate bounce,
8th 21. EMC, soft errors, Variability,
22. spatial and time based variations
23. global and local variations
9th 24. transistor matching, parameter
25. PVT variation
26. process corners, causes for variations
27. Class Test II
28. Deep submicron IC reliability, punch through,
10th 29. Electro migration, hot carrier degradation,
30. Negative bias temperature instability, Latch-up,
31. Electro-static discharge, charge injection during fabrication process,
11th 32. Effects of scaling on MOS IC design and consequences for the technology
roadmap for Semiconductors
33. Discussion
Reference books:
1. Harry Veendrick, “Deep-Submicron CMOS ICs,” Kluwer Academic publishers.
2. John Paul Uyemura, “Chip Design for Submicron VLSI,” Thomson/Nelson.
3. Wolfgang nebel and Jean mermet, “Low power design in deep submicron electronics,” NATO
ASI series, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Professor Raj Senani

Course Coordinator
ESD14: ASIC Design

Course Content Approximate
No. of Lectures
Unit-I Introduction to ASICs, types of ASICs 2

CMOS Logic, ASIC library design, design flow, CMOS transistors, 6
CMOS design rules, Combinational logic cell, Sequential logic cell
Class test I 19/08/2019-
23/08/2019
Unit-II Data path logic cell, Transistors as resistors, Transistor parasitic 4
capacitance, Logical effort, Library cell design, Library architecture
Programmable Asics, logic cells and I/O cells, Anti fuse, static RAM, 4
EPROM, EEPROM technology, PREP benchmarks, Actel ACT
Unit-III Xilinx LCA, Altera FLEX, Altera MAX, DC & AC inputs and outputs 4
Mid Semester Examination 16/9/2019-

24/09/2019
Clock & power inputs, Xilinx I/O blocks 2
Unit-IV Programmable ASIC Interconnect, design software and low level design 4
entry, Actel ACT, Xilinx LCA, Xilinx EPLD, Altera MAX 5000 and
7000, Altera MAX 9000, Altera FLEX, design systems
25/10/2019
Logic synthesis, Half gate ASIC, Schematic entry, Low level design 4
language, PLA tools, EDIF, CFI design representation
ASIC construction, Floor planning, Placement and routing, system
partition,
Unit-V FPGA partitioning, partitioning methods, floor planning, placement, 4
physical design flow, global routing, detailed routing
special routing, circuit extraction, DRC 2
Total 36
Text books:
1. M.J.S. Smith, “Application - Specific Integrated Circuits,” Addison Wesley Longman Inc.
2. Keith Barr, “ASIC Design in the Silicon Sandbox: A Complete Guide to Building Mixed-Signal
Integrated Circuits,” McGraw Hill.
3. Himanshu Bhatnagar, “Advanced ASIC Chip Synthesis,” Kluwer Academic publishers
Prof. A. K. Singh
Course Coordinator
ESD17: Low Power VLSI Design Total Hours: 34 Hours
S.
Topics No of Hours
No.
Needs for Low Power VLSI Chips, Charging and Discharging
Capacitance, Short-circuit Current in CMOS Circuit, CMOS Leakage
1 10 Hours
Current, Static Current, Basic Principles of Low Power Design, Low
Power Figure of Merits, Gate-level Logic Simulation
Random Logic Signals, Probability and Frequency, Probabilistic Power

Analysis Techniques, Signal Entropy, Transistor and Gate Sizing,
2 Equivalent Pin Ordering, Network Restructuring and Reorganization, 5 Hours
Special Latches and Flip-flops, Low Power Digital Cell Library,
Adjustable Device Threshold Voltage
Ist Unit Test

Logic Gate Reorganization, Signal Gating, Logic Encoding, State
Machine Encoding, Precomputation Logic, Power Reduction in Clock
3 5 Hours
Networks, CMOS Floating Node, Low Power Bus, Delay Balancing,
Low Power Techniques for SRAM
MID TERM EVALUATION

Architecture and System Power and Perfonnance Management,
4 Switching Activity Reduction, Parallel Architecture with Voltage 7 Hours
Reduction, Adiabatic Computation, Pass Transistor Logic Synthesis
2nd Unit Test

Low power Analog integrated circuits, challenges in low voltage analog
circuit design, issues about low power supply voltage, roadmap, design
5 of analog circuits using low voltage/low power implementation 7 Hours
techniques such as Body bias, Bulk driven, self cascode structure,
flipped voltage follower, FG, QFGMOS.
SUGGESTED READINGS:
1. Gary K. Yeap, Farid N. Najm, “Low power VLSI design and technology,” World Scientific
Publishing Ltd.
2. Rabaey, Pedram, “Low power design methodologies,” Kluwer Academic.
3. Kaushik Roy, Sharat Prasad,“Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design,” Wiley.
4. Christian Piguet, “Low-power CMOS circuits: technology, logic design and CAD tools,” CRC
Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
1. To perform DC, AC and transient analysis of CMOS inverter.
2. To vary CL and slope of input pulse and study the variation in dynamic power consumed by
CMOS inverter.
3. To study the impact of process variations in power consumption of CMOS inverter via monte
Carlo and corner analysis.
4. To plot the transfer characteristics of n-Floating gate (FG) MOS.
5. Application of FGMOS as a CMOS inverter.
6. Application of FGMOS as a current mirror (CM).
7. To observe working of bulk driven amplifier.
8. To study bulk-driven differential amplifier.
Dr. Bhawna Agarwal
Course Coordinator
ECCNC01: Stochastic Process and Queuing Theory
Units Contents Lecture +
Tutorial
Review of Random Variable (RV) concepts, Multivariate Gaussian

random vector, Covariance Matrix, Sequence of RVs,
1 10 Hours
Stochastic Processes: Definition, Stationary process, Power spectrum,
System with stochastic inputs, Discrete time process.
Examples of Stochastic processes: Gaussian Process, White process,

Cyclo-stationary process, Poisson process, Random walk, The Wiener
2 10 Hours
process, Modulation process, Bandlimited process and sampling theory,
Random telegraph signal, Semi-binary random transmission
Ist Unit Test
Spectral representation: Factorization, Karhunen-Loeve expansion,

3 Spectral representation of random processes, Ergodicity, Mean ergodic 10 Hours
process, Covariance ergodic process.
MID TERM EVALUATION
Stochastic Process, Classification, Discrete and continuous time markov

4 chain, Steady-State Solutions of Markov Chains, Poisson process, 10 Hours
Renewal process, Littles formula, Erlang Loss Model,
2nd Unit Test
M/M/1 Queue, M/M/m Queue Multidimensional Queue. Queueing

5 10 Hours
Networks.
Text Books:
[T1] Papoulis, A., Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Third
Edition, McGraw-Hill.
[T2] Kleinock, L. Queuing Systems Volume I: Theory, John Wiley and Sons
Reference Books:
[R1] K.S Trivedi: Probability and Statistics, PHI, 3rd Ed.
[R2] S.P Gupta, Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand and Sons.
[R3] V.K Kapoor and S.C Gupta, Fundamentals of Statistics, Sultan Chand and
Sons.
1 Best 2 class tests out of 3 class tests 12 (6 marks for each test)
2 Three Assignments 6 marks (2 marks for each Assignment)
Total 25 marks
Prof. Sujata Sengar

Course Coordinator
ECCNC02: Advance Digital Communication

S. Course Content No. of
No. Lectures
1 Unit I: Complex baseband representation of signals, Gram-Schmidt 7
orthogonalization procedure, biorthogonal signals, M-ary orthogonal signals.
Waveform coding Techniques: Coding speech at low bit rates, adaptive filters
2 Unit II: Digital modulation techniques: Binary and M-ary modulation 10
techniques, Bit versus Symbol error probability and bandwidth efficiency,
Comparison of QPSK, MSK, GMSK and QAM systems,
FIRST CLASS TEST
Coherent and Non-Coherent detection techniques, Phase-Locked loops,
Probability of error calculation for M-ary systems
MID SEMESTER EXAM
3 Unit III: Baseband shaping for data transmission, PAM signals and their power 5
spectra, ISI, Signal design with zero ISI, Ideal Nyquist pulse, Raised Cosine and
Square-root raised cosine spectrum, Partial response signaling (duobinary and
modified duobinary pulses)
4 Unit IV: Optimum Receiver for channels with ISI and AWGN, Linear 6
equalization, Decision feedback equalization, Reduced complexity ML
detectors, Iterative equalization and decoding-Turbo equalization
5 Unit V: Fading & Diversity: Statistical Characterization of Wideband wireless 5
channels, Effect of flat fading on different modulation scheme, Diversity
techniques, Space diversity on receive systems, Space diversity on transmit
systems, MIMO system: Basic consideration, MIMO capacity for channel at
receiver
Text Books:
(1) J.G.Proakis,” Digital Communication (4/e)”, McGraw- Hill, 2001

(2) Communication Systems by Simon Haykin, John Wiley and Sons,4th Edition, 2006.
(3) B.P. Lathi, Zhi Ding, “Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems (4/e)”, Oxford
university Press, 2010.
(4) Digital Communication-Fundamentals and Applications By Sklar, 2nd edition, Pearson Education
India
Prof. Parul Garg
Course Coordinator
ECCNE05: Optical Wireless Communication Systems
Unit COURSE CONTENT Numbers of
Nos. Lectures
Unit I: Introduction to Optical Wireless Communication (OWC)

Need of OWC, examples of wireless communication, Fiber
versus FSO, Interference in wireless communication
(Cochannel interference and adjacent channel
interference), Electromagnetic wave propagation in free
space Free space propagation model, Three basic 10
propagation mechanism, Reflection (reflection from
dielectric, reflection from perfect conductor), Ground
reflection (two ray model), diffraction (Fresnel zone
geometry, Knife edge diffraction model, Multiple knife-
edge diffraction), Scattering, Atmospheric turbulence and
misalignment errors
FIRST CLASS TEST
Unit IIa: Overview of FSO transmitters and receivers: Optical

sources, optical detectors, Optical Detection Statistics,
8
Outdoor channel modeling, Attenuation, Beam Wander,
Turbulence (Scintillation/ Fading), Turbidity (rain, fog,
snow), Cloud-free line of sight
MID TERM TEST
Unit Statistical models for turbulence: log normal, negative 3

IIb: exponential, gamma-gamma turbulence model,
Exponentiated Weibull distribution, statistical modelling
of misalignment errors
Unit III: Modulation schemes for optical wireless communication:

Analogue intensity modulation, Subcarrier intensity
6
modulation, Digital base band-pulse modulation, Spatial
modulation, BER performance analysis
Unit IV: Indoor optical wireless communication systems: LOS

propagation model, Spherical and Guassian wave model,
6
Visible light communications: VLC principle, VLC system
model, system implementation, VLC applications, Li Fi,
Inter vehicular communication.
Unit V: Ultra-wide band (UWB) Communications, Miscellaneous
Modern Wireless Communication Techniques and
6
Systems: Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial RF/FSO networks,
Underwater optical communications, Parallel RF-FSO
systems with adaptive switching
Text Books:
[T1] Advanced Free Space Optics (FSO): A Systems Approach by A. K. Majumdar.

[T2] Free Space Optical Communication by Himani Kaushal, V. K. Jain and
Subrat Kar.
References Books:
[R1] Ghassemlooy, W. Popoola, S. Rajbhandari, “Optical Wireless Communications-

Systems and channel modelling with MATLAB” CRC press, Taylor & Francis, 2013.
List of Experiments
1. To plot the constellation diagram of BASK signal.

2. To plot the constellation diagram of BPSK signal.
3. To observe the effect of Binary modulation scheme in presence of additive white
Gaussian noise.
4. To set up analog link using free space communication.
5. To setup digital link using free space optical communication.
6. To plot the pdf of Rayleigh density function.
7. To evaluate the performance of free space optical communication system in presence
of weak turbulence.
8. To evaluate the performance of free space optical communication system in the
presence of strong turbulence.
Prof. S. P. Singh
Course Coordinator

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Department of

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Teaching Plan and List of Experiments

B.Tech, B.E. and M. Tech Courses

Odd Semester (August to December) 2019-20

Course No. Title of the Course Credits Course Pre-Requisite

FCEC003 ELECTRONICS AND 4 3-0-2 None

Course Content Number of Lectures

Unit-I Electric Circuits: Basic Circuit Elements, Nodal and Loop 2

Unit-II Steady-state analysis of AC circuits: Sinusoidal and phasor 4

Electronics Devices and Circuits: Junction Diode, Applications: 2

Ideal op-amp, inverting, non-inverting and unity gain amplifiers, 4

Unit-V Digital circuits- Boolean Algebra, logic gates, K-Maps upto 4- 6

Prof. Raj Senani

Amplifier stages at low frequencies: Cascade BJT amplifier, compound

2. Millers theorem and its dual 1 Hour

Ist Unit Test

MID TERM EVALUATION

Frequency response of cascaded stages, Frequency response of cascode

Feedback amplifier: The general feedback structure, Properties of negative

2nd Unit Test

Oscillators: Sinusoidal oscillators, Barkhausen criteria, Phase shift

Regulated power supply IC fabrication: Monolithic IC technology, Planar

ECC07: Network Analysis and Synthesis

Unit Syllabus Approx.

1. Network Analysis and Synthesis, F.F. Kuo, John Wiley.

Prof. Raj Senani

ECC08: Signals and Systems

Books: Signals & Systems: Oppenheim, Willsky and Nawab

EVALUATION SCHEME FOR CONTINOUS ASSESMENT

Prof. Sujata Sengar

ECC09: Electromagnetic Field Theory

S. No. Topics Lectures +

2. Electrostatics: Coulomb Law, Electric field Intensity, Electric fields 03 + 01

4. Magnetostatics: Biot Savart's Law, Ampere's Law and its application, 06 + 02

CEC09: Analog Electronics

Unit-I Review of semiconductor Diodes and BJT 2

List of Experiments (CEC-09):

1. Diode and Amplifier circuits: Rectifier circuits, rectifier 04

Second Class Test

1. J. Millman and A. Grabel, “Microelectronics”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.

LIST OF EXPERIMENT (ICC06):

S. No. Topics to be covered No. of Lectures

List Of Experiments ITC07:

ECC15: Digital Signal Processing

1. Review of DTFT: Discrete Time Fourier Transform, inverse DTFT, Relation of 02

2. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT): Sampling of DTFT, Inverse DFT, Relation of 08

First Class Test

Mid Semester Examination

Second Class Test

1. S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing- A Computer based approach”, Tata McGraw-Hill,

ECC16: Digital Communication

EXPERIMENTS TO BE PERFORMED IN SESSION AUGUST-DECEMBER2019

NOTE:(*) Indicates Hardware Experiments to be performed on TIMS Kits.

Prof. Shree Prakash Singh

ECC17: Microprocessor and its Applications

Books and stuff:

ECC18: Antenna and Wave Propagation

Ground wave, sky wave propagation: Mechanism Ionosphere

Mr. Shailesh Mishra

ECD05: BICMOS Analog Integrated Circuits

1. C. Toumazou, F. G. Lidgey and D. G. Haigh: `Analog IC Design: The Current-mode approach’,

2. Verification of the operation of a Translinear Squarer: Transfer characteristic and transient

1. Shibu K.V., “Introduction to Embedded Systems,” McGraw Hill. 