University of rizal system

Morong campus
College of engineering
Electronics engineering department

In partial fulfillment
of the
Requirements for the subject

FEEDBACK AND CONTROL SYSTEMS (ECE10)

Submitted by:

ALEJANDRO Q. BILINGON JR.

5ECE-A

Submitted to:

ENGR. RIO CAMILLE PEDROCILLO

Subject instructor

Date submitted:

November 12, 2019

 IoT based Automatic Street Lighting System

In our current generation as the technology rises, the world’s demands on the
limited natural resources that are used to power industrial society are diminishing. These
natural resources are in limited supply. While they do occur naturally, it can take hundreds
of thousands of years to replenish the stores. In some cases, some areas in the
Philippines uses street lights that consume more than an average power which can
contribute to the current energy crisis. On the other hand, most un-urbanized areas do
not have street lights of their own which make the country’s energy insufficient.

To overcome this problem, a number of street light control systems have been
developed to control and reduce energy consumption of a town's public lighting system.
These range from controlling a circuit of street lights and/or individual lights with specific
ballasts and network operating protocols. These may include sending and receiving
instructions via separate data networks, at high frequency over the top of the low voltage
supply or wireless.

LED lights are 40 to 60% more energy efficient than traditional lighting
technologies. Simply by using LED luminaries, it is possible to provide better quality
lighting, lower energy consumption, and reduce CO2 emissions. In the United States
alone, replacing outdoor lighting with LED lighting can save US$6 billion
annually and reduce carbon emissions by the equivalent of taking 8.5 million cars off the
roads for a year. Operations and maintenance (O&M) costs also tend to be much lower
because LED luminaires last at least four times longer than traditional bulbs. The cost
savings can help ease the financial burden of municipalities that have tight fiscal budgets
and are burdened by heavy utility bills. For example, in Quezon City, Philippines, street
lighting constituted 65% of the city’s electricity costs and 5% of its overall budget. In India,
street lighting electricity and maintenance costs can consume 5 to 10% of municipal
budgets in large cities and up to 20% in smaller cities. Cities that invest in LED street
lighting can then take the savings and invest in other services, such as sanitation, schools,
or public health.

Street light controllers are smarter versions of the mechanical or

electronic timers previously used for street light ON-OFF operation. They come
with energy conservation options like twilight saving, staggering or dimming. Also many
street light controllers come with an astronomical clock for a particular location or a Global
Positioning System (GPS) connection to give the best ON-OFF time and energy saving.

In most of the cities, the street lights are ON when it is not need and It is OFF when
is not needed. Usually the lights are ON in the evening after the sunset, it continuous to
be ON till the sun rises in the next day morning. Because of these situation the huge
energy expenses for a city gets wasted contribute to the emerging energy crisis.
Therefore, in solution to this problem, numerous systems involving automation and
control are built to help consume energy wisely and an example of this is an automatic
street lighting system which is based on Internet of Things.

The IoT based automatic street lighting system is an application of the intelligent
street lighting which refers to public street lighting that adapts to movement by
pedestrians, cyclists and cars. Intelligent street lighting, also referred to as adaptive street
lighting, dims when no activity is detected, but brightens when movement is detected.
This type of lighting is different from traditional, stationary illumination, or dimmable street
lighting that dims at pre-determined times.

This study will focus on reducing the energy by creating a system that implements
automatically switching ON and OFF street lights. When vehicles come to the street/road
the sensor will capture the movements of the vehicles then lights automatically ON.
Otherwise automatically OFF the lights. And using IoT, wireless connections of the
interface and the control system will be much easier and convenient.