Effectiveness of The Antibacterial Activity of N-Hexane Andaliman

(Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc) Extract Against Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi,

and Staphylococcus aureus
1
Nora Susanti 2Efrin Situmorang
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan
Jalan Willem Iskandar Pasar V Medan Estate 20221, Telepon: 6261-6613365
e-mail: nora.susanti.s2@gmail.com

At this time bacterial infection is a problem that is often found in Indonesia. Even
some pathogenic microorganisms that have been found to be resistant to various antibiotics.
Therefore we need a new antibiotic that can attack these pathogenic microorganisms. In
connection with this phenomenon encourage researchers to find out new medicines that are
expected to overcome these problems, one of which is through the study of compounds
derived from natural materials. One of the natural ingredients that functions as an
antibacterial is the fruit of Andaliman. Andaliman contains several flavonoid compounds,
terpenes, alkaloids, pyranoguinoline alkaloids, quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids, aporphyrine
alkaloids, and several types of ligands, which act as antibacterials. The purpose of this study
was to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of the compounds present in
the n-hexane extract of andaliman against pathogenic bacteria and determine the secondary
metabolite compounds present in the n-hexane extract of andaliman. The method used in this
study is the maceration method for extracting and the disk diffusion method for antibacterial
testing. For the antibacterial test several variations of the n-hexane andaliman extract were
used, namely: 12.5 25, 50, and 75%. In the secondary metabolite test the positive andaliman
n-hexane extract contained flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids, whereas in the antibacterial
test the inhibitory zone diameter for Bacillus subtillis bacteria in the first and second tests
with concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, and 75% were respectively is 9.9 mm and 10.5 mm, 5.9
mm and 7.3 mm, 6.2 mm and 7.4 mm and 9.4 mm and 7.3, respectively for Salmonella typhi
bacteria are 7, 6 mm and 8.2 mm and 10.4 mm and 11.9 mm, 14.7 mm and 16.1 mm and 10.5
mm and 5.6 mm, whereas the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are as follows: 9 , 1 mm and
9.5 mm, 9.2 mm and 16.5 mm, 7.9 mm and 26.7 mm and 19.7 mm and 23.4 mm. From the
large diameter of the inhibitory zone produced, it can be concluded that the n-hexane extract
of andaliman has the potential as an antibacterial.

Keywords: Andaliman (Zanthoxylum achantopodium), Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus,

Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis.