FREQUENCY OF RCC BUILDING USING RALEIGH METHOD

In STAAD, there are 2 methods for obtaining the frequencies of a structure.

1. The Rayleigh method using the CALCULATE RAYLEIGH FREQUENCY
command
2. The elaborate method which involves extracting Eigenvalues from a matrix
based on the structure stiffness and lumped masses in the model.

The Rayleigh method in STAAD is a one-iteration approximate method from

which a single frequency is obtained. It uses the displaced shape of the model to
obtain the frequency. Needless to say, it is extremely important that the displaced
shape that the calculation is based on, resemble one of the vibration modes. If one is
interested in the fundamental mode, the loading on the model should cause it to
displace in a manner which resembles the fundamental mode. For example, the
fundamental mode of vibration of a tall building would be a cantilever style mode,
where the building sways from side to side with the base remaining stationary. The
type of loading which creates a displaced shape which resembles this mode is a lateral
force such as a wind force. Hence, if one were to use the Rayleigh method, the loads
which should be applied are lateral loads, not vertical loads.
Example:
Data:
Building size : 24m x 24m (6 Bays each bay 4m )
Height : 21m (7 Bays each bay 3.0m)
Column size: 0.40m x 0.40m
Beam size : 0.30m x 0.30m
Concrete M30
Steel Fe 415
 4.00
24.00 BEAMS ARE OF SIZE 0.3 X .30

4.00

24.00

COLUMN ARE OF SIZE 0.4 X .40

PLAN
 21.00

BEAMSAREOFSIZE0.3X.30
3.00

COLUMNAREOFSIZE0.4X.40

4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

ELEVATION

1.Creation of Geometry:
New Project Space File: Rayleigh frequency Method Unit : Length=metre :
Force=KN Next Open structure wizard Finish.
Change to Frame Models from Truss models  Select Bay Frame and double click on
it.

Length (Along X Direction)= 24.0m. No. of bays (Span) =6 Click

Each Bay =4.0m

Height (Along Y Direction) =3.0m. No. of bays (Span) =1 Click

Bay No.1 =3.0m

Width (Along Z Direction) =24.0m. No. of bays (Span) =6 Click

Each Bay =4.0  Apply  Transfer model  Click yes  OK..
Switch off the grid
2. Property:
Click General  Property  Define  Rectangular YD=0.40m ZD=0.40m (column)

Add. YD=0.30m ZD=0.30m (Beam)  AddClose.

Highlight YD=0.40 ZD=0.40 . Go to Main menu Select Beam parallel to Y axis 

 Assign to selected beam  Assign  Yes.

Highlight YD=0.30 ZD=0.30 and Select  Beams parallel to X axis and select

Beam parallel to  Z axis  Assign to selected beam  Assign  Yes.

Select the entire structure. Go to Geometry  Translational repeat Y direction.

No. of steps=6 Default spacing=3m . Check □ Link steps Ok.

3. Supports :

Front view Click support Create Fixed Add. Highlight support 2. Select node

cursor and select bottom most nodes by windowing

 Assign to selected nodes  Assign  Yes  Close.

De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.

4.Loading :

Click Loads & Definitions  Click Load case details  Add.

Primary No.1 Loading Type: None

Title: Load in X direction  Add.

Number 2 Loading type: none

Title: load in Z direction  Add Close.

Click Load case 1 Add.

Self weight X Direction Factor 1  Add.

Click Floor Load Pressure= 3 KN/m2  Global X

Y range mini= 0 m; max=21.0m AddClose.

Highlight self weight X  Assign to view Assign Yes.

Load case 1  Add.

Frequency –Rayleigh Frequency Add.

Click Load case 2 Add.

Self weight Z Direction Factor 1  Add.

Click Floor Load Pressure= 3KN/m2  Global Z

Y range mini= 0 m; max=21.0m Add Close.

Highlight self weight Z   Assign to view Assign Yes.

Load case 2  Add. Frequency – Rayleigh Frequency AddClose.

5. Analysis Type:

Page control Analysis/Print   No print  Add.

Click post printDefine Commands Analysis ResultsAddClose.

6.Perform Analysis:

Analysis  Run Analysis   Go to post processing mode  Done.

7. Result :

Click output icon. Click result in the post processing mode.

At the end of the result you can see Rayleigh frequency in X =0.68997 cps

Max. Deflection in X =67.65677 cm.  GX at Joint 365.

Rayleigh frequency in Z =0.871418 cps

Max. Deflection in Z = 42.35502 cm  GZ at Joint 347.

Note:-

1. In Rayleigh frequency Load in X and load in Z has to be created.

2. Self weight in X has to be assigned before adding Rayleigh Frequency.