Homeostasis Unit Practice Questions

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Use the following information to answer the next question.

The rest-and-digest response is initiated when the body is calm and at rest.
There is reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, enhancement in digestion
of food and stimulation of reproductive organs.

Which of the following divisions of the nervous system is active during the rest-and-digest response?
a. Somatic nervous system
b. Sympathetic nervous system
c. Parasympathetic nervous system
d. Central nervous system
e. None of these

____ 2. The autonomic nervous system is involuntary. It controls the heart, smooth muscles and some glands during
times of stress and of relaxation. The two parts of the brain that control the autonomic nervous system are the
a. hypothalamus and medulla oblongata
b. hypothalamus and thalamus
c. medulla oblongata and thalamus
d. medulla oblongata and pons
e. hypothalamus and pons

____ 3. A cell is a _____ cell for a particular hormone only if it contains a _____ for that hormone.
a. gland organelles
b. target receptor
c. helper receptor
d. killer receptor
e. hormone gland

____ 4. The loss of which of the following cells of the islets of Langerhans results in type 1 diabetes mellitus?
a. Beta
b. Alpha
c. Delta
d. PP
e. capillary

____ 5. The primary effect of insulin is to cause

a. the pancreas to secrete glucagon
b. fats in adipose tissue to be converted into glucose
c. the cells in body to absorb glucose from the blood
d. breakdown of glycogen and the release of glucose into the blood
e. an increase in glucose blood levels

____ 6. The steroid hormone cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex as a response to
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 a. long-term stress
b. short-term stress
c. damage to the heart muscle
d. high blood pressure
e. increase in sodium levels

____ 7. Which of the following pathways correctly shows the sequence of stimulations initiated by the hypothalamus
that leads to the production of the long-term stress hormone?
a. hypothalamus ® spinal cord ® adrenal medulla that produces epinephrine
b. hypothalamus ® spinal cord ® adrenal medulla that produces norepinephrine
c. hypothalamus ® posterior pituitary ® adrenal cortex that produces cortisol
d. hypothalamus ® anterior pituitary ® adrenal cortex that produces cortisol
e. hypothalamus ® anterior pituitary ® adrenal medulla that produces ACTH

____ 8. Use the following information to answer the next question

The sympathetic nervous system secretes epinephrine at its axon terminals in the internal
organs and the adrenal medulla secretes it into the bloodstream.

Which of the following statements which compare the two sources of epinephrine is (are) correct?
1. Epinephrine from the sympathetic system is released faster.
2. Epinephrine from the sympathetic system is released more slowly.
3. The effects of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla last longer.
4. The effects of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla disappear more quickly.
a. 1 only
b. 3 only
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 4
e. 1 and 4

____ 9. All hormones are essentially _________.

a. effectors of the endocrine system
b. glands that send out chemical messengers
c. receptor proteins
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

____ 10. Which is NOT true of steroid hormones?

a. They are lipid insoluble hormones.
b. They can easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a membrane.
c. They include hormones like testosterone and estrogen.
d. They bind to receptor proteins inside target cells.
e. When they bind with receptors, specific genes are activated resulting in cell changes.

____ 11. The hypothalmus controls the anterior pituitary with which of the following?
a. releasing factors d. antibodies
b. thalmus messenger e. pyrogens
c. third messengers
____ 12. Which of the following acts as both a hormone and neurotransmitter?
a. acetylcholine c. noradrenalin
b. cortisol d. cortisone

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____ 13. Adrenaline affects the flow of blood by which of the following?
a. stimulating the blood cells
b. stimulating the muscle of the heart
c. increasing the amount of blood in the system
d. causing the veins and arteries to constrict
____ 14. A positive feedback mechanism regulates which of the following hormone?
a. thyroxine c. insulin
b. oxytoxin d. TSH

____ 15. The term used to describe the ability of a living organism to adjust to changing environmental conditions by
regulating their internal processes is
a. regulation d. feedback
b. homeostasis e. metabolism
c. inhibition

Renal Patient Blood Test Results

Urea Uric Acid Glucose Amino Acid Proteins
Normal Person 0.03 0.004 0.10 0.05 8.00
Patient I 0.030 0.004 0.50 0.05 8.00
Patient II 0.030 0.005 1.70 0.05 8.00
Patient III 0.03 0.050 0.10 0.05 8.00
Patient IV 0.03 0.004 0.10 0.06 4.00

____ 16. From the above table, which patient has probably just eaten some sugar?
a. Patient I c. Patient III
b. Patient II d. Patient IV
____ 17. From the above table, which patient is most likely experiencing capsular failure?
a. Patient I c. Patient III
b. Patient II d. Patient IV
____ 18. From the above table, which patient has probably eaten a meal with a high protein content?
a. Patient I c. Patient III
b. Patient II d. Patient IV

____ 19. Steroid hormones exert their effect by

a. interacting with receptors on cell membranes
b. a direct effect in the nucleus of a cell
c. initiating formation of cyclic AMP
d. initiating formation of cyclic GMP
____ 20. Which of the following endocrine glands is a direct extension of the nervous system?
a. anterior pituitary gland d. thymus gland
b. posterior pituitary gland e. adrenal cortex
c. thyroid gland

Short Answer

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1. All homeostatic systems must have three components. Name and describe them?

2. Explain what is meant by the terms Fast and Slow components of Homeostasis

3. What household system would be a good analogy for explaining homeostasis to a child? Explain.

4. Explain why the Pancreas is unique as a Homeostatic System?

5. Give an example of a negative feedback system in homeostasis that involves an antagonistic

hormone pair?

6. Compare the way steroid and non-steroidal hormones work. Give an example of each in your answer.
(4 marks)

7. Describe the fight or flight response.

8. Why is it dangerous to subject a human to repeated stressful situations like physical violence or
emotional abuse?

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Homeostasis Unit Test Spring 2018
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.1

MSC: K/U
2. ANS: A
The dendrite receive signals from other neurons, and the axon transmits signal to another neuron, or to an
effector.

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2 MSC: K/U

3. ANS: D
the gap between two neurons is called a synapse and is the place where one nerve cell connects with another.

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2 MSC: K/U

4. ANS: D
In myelinated neurons, action potentials occur only at nodes of Ranvier labeled 4 on the above diagram.

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2 MSC: K/U

5. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2
MSC: K/U
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2
MSC: K/U
7. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.3
MSC: K/U
8. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
9. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
10. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.3
MSC: K/U
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
12. ANS: A
Catching a football is not an example of reflex action because a reflex action is a fast involuntary response.

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2 MSC: A

13. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E1.1 TOP: 8.2
MSC: A
14. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.3
MSC: K/U
15. ANS: D PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.3
MSC: K/U

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 16. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.1
MSC: K/U
17. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.3 TOP: 9.3
MSC: K/U
18. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.3 TOP: 9.3
MSC: K/U
19. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.3 TOP: 9.3
MSC: K/U
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.3
MSC: K/U
21. ANS: D PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.3
MSC: K/U
22. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.1 | 9.3
MSC: K/U
23. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.1
MSC: K/U
24. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.1
MSC: K/U
25. ANS: E PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 9.1
MSC: K/U

MATCHING

1. ANS: G PTS: 1
2. ANS: C PTS: 1
3. ANS: E PTS: 1
4. ANS: A PTS: 1
5. ANS: F PTS: 1
6. ANS: H PTS: 1
7. ANS: D PTS: 1
8. ANS: B PTS: 1

SHORT ANSWER

1. ANS:
4, 2, 1, 3

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.1 TOP: 8.2 MSC: K/U

2. ANS:
insulin and glucagon

PTS: 1 LOC: E3.3 TOP: 8.1 MSC: K/U

3. ANS:
Flu

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 PTS: 1
4. ANS:
cf

PTS: 1