Technological University of the Philippines

College of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

ME 5L

LABORATORY REPORT NO. 2

DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE USING DEAD WEIGHT

PRESSURE TESTER

Submitted by:
AQUINO, RUSSEL HENRY B.
BSME – 4B

Submitted to:
ENGR. MANUEL L. EUROPEO
INSTRUCTOR

DATE PERFORMED: AUGUST 6, 2018

DATE SUBMIITED: AUGUST 9, 201
II. DISCUSSION

DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENT

General Information of Dead Weight Tester

Deadweight tester is a calibration standard that uses the principle of a pressure balance to
calibrate pressure measuring instruments. Deadweight testers use calibrated weights to
apply known pressures to a device under test for a simple and cost-effective solution that
covers a wide range of pressure calibrations. A key advantage of using a deadweight tester is
that all of the hardware required to generate pressure and precisely control and measure it
can be contained within the instrument.

Measurement Principles
DWT (Dead Weight Tester) is based on the principle of Pascal's law. The law states
that in a closed system of incompressible fluid, the pressure applied will exert equal amount
of force in all the directions. When the gauge is stop fluctuating, it indicates the unknown
pressure P equals to the force F applied to the piston over to the effective area. P=F/A
Definition
Dead weight testers are named so because they utilize dead weights in
determination of pressures operating in a closed and compressed fluid system. They are so
called because of the reason that for each value of pressure to be exerted/ applied in the
closed hydraulic system, a predetermined / fixed amount of weights are used to exert the
force to counter balance the buoyancy forces. Each weight is stamped with the equivalent
amount of force that will be exerted on a predetermined area of piston cylinder arrangement
by using that weight. Therefore, the device is called Dead Weight tester.

Pneumatic Deadweight Tester

Pneumatic deadweight testers provide a simple-to-use economical solution for
pressure calibrations of 14 MPa (2,000 psi) and below. Fluke Calibration's P3000 series
offers flexible options to meet your unique calibration requirements. For vacuum
calibrations, Fluke Calibration offers the P3011. For positive pressures up to 3.5 MPa (500
psi), the P3010 series (P3012, P3013, P3014, and P3015) is available.
Oil Deadweight Tester
Oil deadweight testers are a time tested solution for pressure calibration, providing
reliable, repeatable results. The P3100 series from Fluke Calibration is available in ranges
up to 140 MPa (20,000 psi). The P3120 series, with its dual range configuration, provides
the ability to calibrate a wide pressure range with one instrument.

Water Deadweight Tester

Water deadweight testers are the preferred solution when calibrating devices that
cannot be exposed to oil contamination. The P3200 series is available in either single or
dual range configurations up to 70 MPa (10,000 psi).
Deadweight Tester Accessories

Deadweight Tester Accessories provides the complete solution for pressure

calibration using a deadweight tester, including accessories for test media separation, dirt /
moisture traps, dial gauge pointer removers, angle adapters, and two gauge test stands.

P5521 and P5522 Liquid-to-Liquid Separators

These liquid-to-liquid separators connect directly to the test port of a hydraulic
deadweight tester or comparison test pump. A flexible diaphragm separates the fluids,
protecting the calibrator from contamination, and allows calibration of the device in its specific
working fluid

P5531 Dirt / Moisture Trap

Dirt / moisture traps provide an effective barrier against the transfer of moisture and
dirt from an instrument under test to the sensitive piston/cylinder assembly of a pneumatic
deadweight tester. Unexpected particle contamination or fluid inside the device under test will
be prevented from entering the deadweight system, avoiding downtime for maintenance or
repair. Designed for operation in the vertical position these traps are simple to dismantle and
easy to clean.
P5543 Angle Adapter
To calibrate gauges with the pressure connection on the rear (for example, panel mount
gauges) in their correct operating position, an angle adaptor should be used. The angle
adapter uses the standard gauge adapters and positions the gauges at 90º. The maximum
working pressure of this unit is 10,000 psi (700 bar).

III. PROCEDURE
1. Position the instrument on the table, the Dead weight tester must be level and stable
before a gauge is calibrated with a tester. Check whether the test device is reading zero
by calibrating the instrument, A level is mounted on the tester base plate for levelling or
the bull eye must be on center.

2. Note the cross-sectional area of the piston and rotate the handle of the adjusting piston
until its rod comes out fully. Fill water into the reservoir up to its halfway level.

3. Open the water reservoir’s shutoff valve and let the instrument fill completely with water
by manually lifting the vertical piston to its maximum position. Do this gently to avoid air
bubbles.

4. Close the shutoff valve and place the first known weight on the platform of the vertical
piston.

5. Turn the handle of the adjusting piston to ensure that both it and the sample weight are
supported by the oil in the chamber.

6. After the system has stabilized, make note of the sample weight, DWT reading and
reading on the pressure gauge being tested, as well as error.
 IV. MATERIALS
 DEAD WEIGHT PRESSURE TESTER
 WATER
 DEAD LOADS AND WEIGHT ROD
 WORK TABLE

V. DATA/RESULTS
M of Piston = 0.4545 kg
D of Piston = 1.766 cm

MASS OF DEAD LOADS (grams) PRESSURE READING (Kg/cm^2)

1. 954.5 0.4
2. 1454.5 0.6
3. 1954.5 0.8
4. 2454.5 1.0
5. 2954.5 1.2
6. 3454.5 1.4
7. 3954.5 1.6
8. 4454.5 1.8
9. 4954.5 2.0
10. 6454.5 2.6
 From Computed Data P= F/A= Kg/cm^2

MASS OF DEAD LOADS (grams) PRESSURE READING (Kg/cm^2)

1. 954.5 0.39
2. 1454.5 0.59
3. 1954.5 0.8
4. 2454.5 1.0
5. 2954.5 1.21
6. 3454.5 1.41
7. 3954.5 1.61
8. 4454.5 1.82
9. 4954.5 2.02
10. 6454.5 2.64

Percentage Difference:

%Difference: PEXPERIMENTAL – PCOMPUTED

PEXPERIMENTAL + PCOMPUTED X 100%
2
 Observations
I observed that as the weight increase, the pressure also increase

 Analysis
In the experiment, based on the data the as the weight increase, the pressure at the gauge also
increase.

 Conclusions
 I therefore conclude that the wet bulb temperature is cooler than the ambient air and in measuring it
using psychrometric sling the heat coming from the environment doesn’t affect the temperature of
vapour present in the air. In dry bulb temperature is the environment or air temperature. I concluded
that the mercury is more accurate than alcohol but unlike mercury, the contents of alcohol are less
toxic and will evaporate quickly.

 Recommendation
I recommend that while doing this activity you should checked the water to keep from
spilling over as a result of pressure from weights, ensure that the shutoff valve for the oil
reservoir remains closed throughout this process .

 References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadweight_tester

https://www.rscal.com/perform-pressure-gauge-calibration-dead-weight-tester/

https://www.instrumentationtoolbox.com/2011/12/how-dead-weight-tester-works.html
 EXPERIMENT NO. 2

I. COURSE CODE: ME 5L

COURSE SUBJECT: DATE PERFORMED:

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AUGUST 6 2018

LABAROTARY 1
DATE SUBMITTED:

AUGUST 9 2018

SECTION: BSME 4B INSTRUCTOR:

ENGR. MANUEL L. EUROPEO

MEMBERS:

1. AQUINO,RUSSEL HENRY B.

2. ANGELO CARLO T. ATIS

3. CAPARAS KEVIN O.
OBJECTIVES