Welcome Every Body

Slide # 1
 Welcome every body, it’s pleasure to represent ASAS contracting to you as a national
company working in oil and gas sector.
 ASAS is one of the companies that remained active in the oil & gas sector during the
crisis period.
 And considers the work done related to the rehabilitation of the oil and gas facilities
which were vandalized by the terrorist groups as a bright spot in its professional
career believing in the service of mother Syria and under the guidance of its leader,
Dr. Bashar Al-assad.
 One of the most important work done by ASAS during the Syrian Crisis is the
rehabilitation of Al-Shaer field and Hayan petroleum company fields.
 Our presentation will be about the work of ASAS at Jihar Gas Treatment Plant (HPC
– GTP), and the modification of the main process to be able to handle the raw gas
with no rotary equipment, after carrying out engineering, technical and scientific
studies.
Slide # 2
 Now to talk about ASAS Work in HPC Field Facilities we must brief you about
HHPC Fields, which comprises Al-Mahr, Jazal, Mazrour, Moustadira and Jihar fields.
 Al-Mahr wells flow to Satellite Gathering Station of Al-Mahr.
 Jazal wells flow to Either Jihar GTP or Jihar Stage II Station.
 Part of Jihar wells flow to Satellite Gathering Station of Jihar, and the other wells
flow to Jihar GTP or Jihar Stage II Station.
 All HPC Field Facilities were exposed to huge damage by armed terrorist groups,
which led to became out of service.
 ASAS role was to rehabilitate these facilities and bring them back to service, starting
from its participation in extinguishing fired wells, installing X-trees, wellhead hook-
up’s, flowlines and rehabilitating HPC surface facilities.
Slide # 3
 In the following slides we will show you part of the systematic destruction of most of
HPC field facilities.
 And compare them with the new situation after the rehabilitation activities carried out
by ASAS which brought them back to service.
 These photos shows the control & MCC building before & after rehabilitation
activities.
Slide # 4
 These photos shows the separation unit before & after rehabilitation activities.
Slide # 5
Slide # 6
Slide # 7
 These photos shows one of HPC storage tanks before & after rehabilitation activities.
Slide # 8
 These photos shows part of HPC GTP main piperack before & after rehabilitation
activities.
Slide # 9
 These photos shows inlet manifold before & after rehabilitation activities.
Slide # 10
 These photos shows inlet manifold before & after rehabilitation activities.
Slide # 11
 As a result of the need to supply the national gas network with gas for electricity
generation, it was necessary to operate the repairable GTP units to improve the gas
specifications before sending it to SMAGP.
 ASAS & HPC technical staff started evaluating the damage in all GTP units, which
are Separation, Dehydration, Refrigeration and Fractionation mainly.
 It turns out that the destruction ratio was 80 % of HPC GTP units:
Slide # 12
 As you can see, this scene shows the huge damage in GTP units which are presented
in black color.
Slide # 13
 Separation unit was partially damaged (part of its equipment are totally damage,
while the rest are partially damaged and could be rehabilitated).
 Dehydration, Refrigeration and Fractionation units were partially damaged (their
rotary equipment were totally damaged).
Slide # 14
 Carryout GTP Rehabilitation by national cadres as follows:
 Evaluate the damages.
 Review the original Process design of HPC GTP and amend it based on the current
status (asset damage & no power supply) that help to re-operate GTP for enhancing
the exported gas by modification of separation, dehydration units and rehabilitate the
related auxiliary units.
 Commence the construction based on results of the engineering studies.
 Carryout Pre-commissioning, Commissioning and Start-up.
Slide # 15
 Initiate project plan (Time Schedule, Budget allocation & Resources).
 Commence the Detailed Engineering Study (Process, Mechanical, Electrical,
Instrumentation & Civil), after completion of the HAZOP sessions taking into
account replacing the destroyed critical facilities with new ones despite of lack of
recourses and sanction (ie. Design & install new control & safe guarding systems).
 Issuing the construction procedures and checklists to ensure execution of the
activities with safety & quality manners.
 So that we have achieved the optimum solution for gas/liquid separation and gas
dehydration for safe operation condition.
Slide # 16
 ASAS engineering study takes into account the integration between HPC GTP and
Stage II unites to meet design objectives ( oil/gas separation and gas dehydration) due
to loss of equipment in GTP units.
Slide # 17
 In general there are 3 dehydration methods in gas treatment:
 Condensation (Refrigeration)
 Absorption (Glycol Unit)
 Adsorption (Mole Sieve unit)
 Our method is Adsorption (Mole Sieve unit) in HPC GTP as shown in the process
flow diagram, where gas stream coming from the separation unit to dehydration unit
through the two exchangers to reduce the gas temperature to 27 °C then to inlet
dehydration separator & filter then to the super heater to raise the gas temperature 2
°C to avoid hydrocarbon condensation then to Mole Sieve beds where the gas will
enter from the top of the beds (two in adsorption for 16 hours) the gas will leave from
the bottom to filter then to further treatment.
 Slip part of the dry gas will be compressed then heated to Regenerate the third bed
(one in regeneration for 8 hours) finally the regeneration gas will be cooled in order
to remove the water in the KOD then the gas will be routed to U/S the dehydration
unit once again.
Slide # 18
 After the GTP was attacked, the following equipment were lost or became out of
service:
 V-2103 (MP Separator)
 V-2104 (LP Separator)
 E-2103 (MP Pre-heater)
 E-2501 (Gas/Gas Exchanger)
 E-2401 (Gas Chiller)
 C-2401 A/B (Regeneration Compressor)
Slide # 19
 To overcome the equipment loss problems mentioned earlier and re-operate the
System once again, ASAS innovated an Engineering Solutions for operating the
dehydration unit as follows:
 To replace the destructive separators in the GTP, the separators at the Stage II station
were used to complete the separation process.
 In order to keep the dehydration unit within its operation envelope, a bypass line for
the dehydration unit was adopted.
 To obtain lower gas temperature at inlet dehydration unit, a piping modification was
adopted where gas outlet line of V-2102 (Test Separator) has been routed to D/S
cooler A-2101 A/B.
 To compensate the damaged regeneration gas compressor, new modification
(installation of control valves) has been done on gas regeneration system.
 To increase export gas temperature & eliminate condensation in GTP Pipeline,
Exchanger E-2506 has been added to the system.
 In order to highlight the importance of the dehydration unit in the production process,
we must know what hydrates are and what problems they pose in the case of its
formation.
Slide # 20
 Let us start with what is hydrate?, hydrate structure? and hydrate formation factors?.
 Hydrate are solid compounds that form as crystals like snow.
 It is created by the reaction of natural gas with water.
 Hydrate formation factors are high pressure, free water, natural gas and low
temperature.
Slide # 21
The water content in gas stream will lead to the following problems:
 Hydrocarbon can combine with free water to form solid Hydrates.
 Produced water is very corrosive, specially in present of CO2 and/or H2S.
 Water can condense in the pipeline causing slug flow.
 Water vapor increase the volume and decrease the heating value of the gas.
Slide # 22
 This curve represents the relationship between the gas water content and the inlet gas
temperature.
 It is drawn based on the results of HYSYS simulation for different temperatures at
upstream of the dehydration unit and is matching with the graphic mentioned in
GPSA Section 20 page 4 after considering operating condition of HPC GTP.
Slide # 23
 As we figured out in the previous curve the relationship between the Inlet gas
temperature with the gas water content.
 This relationship was applied through process calculations for evaluating the
performance of the dehydration unit of HPC GTP through the study of different
operating conditions in both winter and summer seasons as follows.
Slide # 24
 As shown in this slide that represent GTP PFD for main process units, the winter
scenario will be applied as follows:
 Jihar fluids which is the high temperature steam will be routed to HP separator then to
gas air cooler while Al-Mahr fluids which is low temperature steam will be routed to
Test separator then to D/S air cooler then both streams will be combined together in
order to gain a lower temperature before entering the Dehydration unit.
Slide # 25
 After applying scientific and engineering studies to this scenario, the following results
were reached.
 Since, the inlet gas temperature is 31 °C.
 The total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream is less than the desiccant capacity.
 So, All the gas of inlet stream will be routed to the dehydration unit in winter season
and dehydrated before exporting.
Slide # 26
 As a result the exported gas water content is 92 Kg/MMm³ which is less than the
allowable water content value which is 112 Kg/MMm³ mentioned in ASTM standard
D1142-95 (Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels by
Measurement of Dew-Point Temperature).
Slide # 27
 As shown in this slide that represent GTP PFD for main process units, the Summer
First Case Study will be applied as follows:
 All the inlet gas will be routed to HP separator then to gas air cooler finally to
Dehydration unit.
Slide # 28
were reached.
 The total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream is higher than the desiccant capacity.
 So, part of the gas will be bypassed and the other part will be routed to the
dehydration unit and dehydrated before exporting.
Slide # 29
 As a result the exported gas water content is 1386 Kg/MMm³ which is higher than the
Slide # 30
Second Case Study will be applied as follows:
order to gain a lower temperature before entering the Dehydration unit.
Slide # 31
were reached.
Slide # 32
Slide # 33
Third Case Study will be applied as follows:
order to gain a lower temperature before entering the Dehydration unit. But part of
Jihar gas will be diverted to stage II to be dehydrated and exported to ease the burden
on GTP.
Slide # 34
were reached.
Slide # 35
Slide # 36
 In this case study vendor adsorption phase and regeneration phase have been
reviewed and the required time for each phase has been studied and found that
changing of beds’ time cycle from 16/8 to 14/7 is possible and will remove additional
390 kg/day of water (increasing its performance about 15%).
 This will reflect on water content of exported gas, where it will be dropped from 397
Kg/MMM³ to 274 Kg/MMM³.
Slide # 37
were reached.
Slide # 38
Slide # 39
Scenario will be applied as follows:
 Part of Jihar fluids will be diverted to stage II to be dehydrated via TEG unit and
exported & additional part of Jihar fluids will be cooled at stage II & sent to GTP via
Test separator.
 Remaining Jihar fluids which is the high temperature steam will be routed to HP
separator then to gas air cooler while Al-Mahr fluids & Cooled gas from Stage II
station which is low temperature steam will be routed to Test separator then to D/S air
cooler then both streams will be combined together in order to gain a lower
temperature before entering the Dehydration unit.
 The aim of this scenario is to reduce inlet temperature of dehydration unit to 37 °C
considering the followings:
 Total Inlet Flow is 3.7 MMM³/D.
 Inlet flow to GTP is 2.3 MMM³/D.
 Inlet flow to Stage II is 1.4 MMM³/D, after separation stage, will be divided equally
between TEG unit and Chiller unit.
 The outlet gas from chiller unit (Its temperature is about 19 °C) will be diverted to
Test separator at GTP.
Slide # 40
were reached.
 The total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream is lower than the desiccant capacity.
 So, all of the inlet wet gas stream will be routed to the dehydration unit in this
scenario and dehydrated, while the rest of the wet gas will be dehydrated in Stage II
station via TEG unit.
Slide # 41
 As a result the exported gas water content is 109 Kg/MMm³ which is lower than the
 After reviewing all the results of the scientific and engineering studies that have been
assigned to re-operate the dehydration unit in HPC GTP at the optimum performance
in winter or summer and compared to the operational conditions within the national
gas network.
 It was a big challenge to meet gas water content for gas transmission as you can see
in the chart, the water content is being dropped after each case to reach the goal.
 So, the results of the winter scenario were adopted, in addition to the adoption of the
results of the fifth case study to be the summer scenario because they meet the
allowable value of the water content in the gas stream as per ASTM - D1142-95
standard.
Thank You

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