Pulp and Paper

 Pulp is a lignocellulosic
fibrous material
prepared by chemically or
mechanically
separating
cellulose fibres from wood,
fiber crops, waste
paper, or rags. Many kinds
of paper are made from
wood with nothing else mixed into them. This includes newspapers, magazines and even toilet
paper.
 Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibres of cellulose pulp derived
from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets. It is a versatile material with
many uses, including writing, printing, packaging, cleaning, decorating, and a number of
industrial and construction processes.

Difference between pulp and paper

Pulp is a primary material that is used to make paper. Paper is a sheet used for writing or printing. Paper
is usually made by cellulose fibers from wood chips which are dry or waterproof container, while pulp is
a soft, moist and shapeless matter.

What tree pulp is used for paper

The best Wood pulp for paper making comes from many different softwood trees such as 0spruce, pine,
fir, larch and hemlock, and hardwoods such as eucalyptus, popular, aspen and birch.

Physical Properties of a Paper

 Stiffness
 Tear Strenght
 Fold Endurance
 Tensile Strengh

Paper production is basically a two-step process in which a fibrous raw material is first converted into
pulp, and then the pulp is converted into paper. The harvested wood is first processed so that the fibres
are separated from the unusable fraction of the wood, the lignin. Pulp making can be done mechanically
or chemically. The pulp is then bleached and further processed, depending on the type and grade of
paper that is to be produced. In the paper factory, the pulp is dried and pressed to produce paper
sheets.
Other ways to make paper

 Post-Consumer Waste. "Post-consumer waste" is the paper you throw out or recycle. Buying
paper made from a high percentage of post-consumer waste helps reduce the number of trees
needed to make paper "from scratch." It also saves energy and keeps paper out of the landfill.

 Hemp. Hemp
produces its own natural pesticide, and grows so quickly it produces twice as much fiber per acre
as pine. Hemp was originally banned in the United States because it comes from the same
 botanical species as marijuana (even though it cannot be smoked). Paper, clothing, and other
materials made from hemp are increasingly available from many manufacturers in the U.S.;
hemp continues to be grown in several countries around the world.
 Kenaf. Kenaf, a cousin to the cotton plant, uses 15-25% less energy than pine to make pulp.
 Bamboo. This fast-growing grass produces 4 to 5 times the fiber of the fastest-growing
commercial tree species.
 Agri-Pulp. Agri-pulp combines agricultural waste along with post-consumer waste to make
paper.
 Cotton. Another new paper option is made from organically grown cotton that grows in several
colors, including green, brown, and white.