Aplicatie 1.

Canal cu secțiune dreptunghiulară

Obiectiv. Însușire cunoștințe tehnice generale.

‰ ≡ 0.1%

v2
E ＝ y + ――
2⋅g
Qc 2
==> E ＝ y + ―――
Q c ＝ v ⋅ Ac 2 ⋅ g ⋅ Ac 2

d d ⎛ Qc 2 ⎞
―― E ＝ ―― ⎜y + ――― ⎟
dy dy ⎜⎝ 2 ⋅ g ⋅ Ac 2 ⎟⎠

v2 Qc 2
Fr ＝ ―― ＝ ―――
g ⋅ h g ⋅ h3 ⋅ b2

m3
Qc ≔ 46 ――
s

b≔6 m

h ≔ 2.1 m
⎛ n ⎞6
n ≔ 0.040 ε ≔ ⎜――⎟ ⋅ ft = 808.2 mm
⎝ 0.034 ⎠

⎛ n ⎞6
dm ≔ ⎜――⎟ ⋅ m = 1.36 m
⎝ 0.038 ⎠

b⋅h
Rh ≔ ――― = 1.235 m
b+2⋅h

3 ‾‾‾‾‾
Qc 2
hcr ≔ ―― = 1.816 m
b2 ⋅ g

Qc m
v ≔ ―― = 3.651 ―
b⋅h s
 m2
1.785 ⋅ 10 -6 ⋅ ――
s
νx ((t)) ≔ ――――――――― formula lui Poiseuille
1 + 0.0337 ⋅ t + 0.00022 ⋅ t 2
2
⎛ -6⎞ m
( )
νw ≔ νx (4 = ⎝1.568 ⋅ 10 ⎠ ―― - vascozitatea cinematica
s

N
σw ≔ 0.07197 ⋅ ― - tensiunea superficiala a apei
m

Ea ≔ 1951 MPa - modulul de elasticitate al apei

kg
ρw ≔ 998 ⋅ ―― - densitatea apei la 15 0C
m3

kN
γw ≔ ρw ⋅ g = 9.79 ―― - greutatea volumetrica
m3

v⋅h
Rew ≔ ―― = 4.889 ⋅ 10 6 - numarul Reynolds
νw

Qc
Fr ≔ ――――3
= 0.804 - numarul Froude
―
‾‾ 2
g ⋅h ⋅b

v 2 ⋅ h ⋅ ρw
Wweber ≔ ―――= 3.881 ⋅ 10 5 - Numarul lui Weber
σw

‾‾‾
ρw
Mach ≔ ― ⋅ v = 0.0026 - numarul lui Mach
Ea

3 ⋅ ‾‾
n
g ⎛ 4⋅m ⎞
λP ≔ 8 ⋅ ―― ⋅ n 2 ⋅ ⎜――⎟ = 0.111 λdupa N. N. Pavloski pentru Rh < 1 ⋅ m = 0
m
― ⎝ 4 ⋅ Rh ⎠
2
s

1 v2
ih ≔ λP ⋅ ― ⋅ ―― = 15.2 ‰
Rh 8 ⋅ g
 4
―
3
2 ⋅ g ⋅ 4 ⋅ n2
λM ≔ ――――― 1
= 0.117 λ dupa Manning (resp. Strickler)
―
3
⎛ 4 ⋅ Rh ⎞ m
⎜――⎟ ⋅ ―
⎝ m ⎠ s2

1 v2
ih ≔ λM ⋅ ― ⋅ ―― = 16.1 ‰
Rh 8 ⋅ g

‾‾‾‾
Rh
2.5 ⋅ ‾‾
n - 0.13 - 0.75 ⋅ ―― ⋅ ((n - 0.1))
m
1 ⎛ Rh ⎞ m 0.5
CC ≔ ―⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ ――
n ⎝m⎠ s

8⋅g
λC ≔ ―― = 0.10511 λ dupa Chezy
CC 2

1 v2
ih ≔ λC ⋅ ― ⋅ ―― = 14.456 ‰
Rh 8 ⋅ g

1 v2
ih ≔ λCW ⋅ ― ⋅ ―― = 18.707 ‰
Rh 8 ⋅ g