A.

LANES WORK
1. The properties of aluminium and aluminium amalgam

A small piece of aluminium plate

- Immersing briefly in a test tube containing NaOH until gas arises

Gas
- Washing with water
- Rubbing with cotton that has been moistened with HgCl2
- Allow a few minutes to dry

Formed aluminium amalgam

Reactions:
a. Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq)  2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + H2(g)
b. NaOH(aq) + Al2O3  NaAlO2 + H2O(l)
c. Al(s) + 3HgCl2(aq)  2AlCl3(s) + 3Hg(s)
d. Hg + Al  HgAl

2. Reaction between aluminium with acid, base and salt

Aluminium

- Cut into small pieces

- Put in 3 different test

Tube 1 NaOH Tube 2 (hot)

Tube 3 HCl 0,1M
0,1M Na2CO3 0,1M
- Observed 5 - Observed 5 - Observed 5
minutes minutes minutes

Formed bubbles Formed bubbles Formed bubbles

Reactions:
a. 2Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 6H2O(l)  2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + 3H2(g)

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 b. Al(s) + 2Na2SO3(aq) + 8H2O(l)  2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + 2NaHCO3(aq)
+ 3H2(g)
c. 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) + 12H2O(l)  2[Al(H2O)6]Cl3(aq) + 3H2(g)

3. The properties of aluminium compounds

Al2(SO4)3
- Entered into test tube
- Tested with blue and red litmus paper

Blue litmus paper changed into red

Red litmus paper didn’t changed

Reactions:
a. Al3+ + 3H2O(l)  Al(OH)3(aq) + 3H+
b. SO42- + H2O 

4. The amphoteric properties of aluminium

1 mL Al2(SO4)3

- Added NaOH 0,1M drop by drop

Precipitate formed

- Added NaOH 0,1M drop by drop

Precipitate dissolve

- Dripped with HCl 0,1M solution until no change colors

Experiment result

Reactions:
a. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  Al(OH)3(s) + Na2SO4(aq)
b. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq) ⇄ Na[Al(OH)4]aq)
c. Na[Al(OH)4]aq) + 4HCl(aq) ⇄ NaCl(aq) + Al(OH)3(s) + 4H2O(l)
d. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + HCl(aq)  AlCl3(aq) + H2O(l)

5. The properties (solubility) of aluminium

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 1 mL of Alum solution
(Al2(SO4)3)

- Added a few of (NH4)2S solution

- filtered

Residue Filtrate

- Wash with plenty of hot water

- Moved to the test tue using a little of water
- NaOH solution added until the precipitate
dissolves

White precipitate dissolve,

turbid solution
Reactions:
a. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3(NH4)2S(aq) + 6H2O(l)  2Al(OH)3(s) +
3(NH4)2SO4(aq) + 3H2S(g)
b. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq)  Na[Al(OH)4](aq)

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 B. OBSERVATION RESULT
Experiment Result
No. Procedure Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
1. The properties of aluminium and  Aluminium = grey  Added NaOH = Reactions: From the
aluminium amalgam plate formed bubbles e. Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq)  experiment Al
- A small piece of aluminium plate is  NaOH = colorless (++) white 2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + H2(g) is reactive. It
Immersing briefly in a test tube solution solution f. NaOH(aq) + Al2O3  NaAlO2 + reacts with
containing NaOH until gas arises  H2O = colorless  Added H2 O = H2O(l) NaOH to form
- Formed gas liquid formed bubles g. Al(s) + 3HgCl2(aq)  2AlCl3(s) + H2 gas. When
- Washing with water  HgCl2 = colorless white solution 3Hg(s) reacted with
- Rubbing with cotton that has been solution dark grey plate h. Hg + Al  HgAl HgCl2 is
moistened with HgCl2  Added HgCl2 = formed AlCl3
- Allow a few minutes to dry the color change The metallic mercury can then form an solid. Formed
- Formed aluminium amalgam into silver grey amalgam with the exposed aluminium amalgam
powder on cotton metal. The amalgamated aluminium then which
plate is oxidized by water, converting the indicated by
 Al, wait 60 aluminium to aluminium hydroxide and the plat shining
minutes = plat is releasing free metallic mercury (silver) color.
fragile than (Bessone, 2006).

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 Experiment Result
No. Procedure Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
auminium before,
plat is shining
(silver color)
2. Reaction between aluminium with acid,  Aluminium = grey  Aluminium + Reactions: The bubbles
base and salt color plat NaOH = formed d. 2Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 6H2O(l)  from the lowest
- Aluminium Cut into small pieces  NaOH = colorless bubbles (+++) 2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + 3H2(g) to highest is
- Put in 3 different test solution  Aluminium + e. Al(s) + 2Na2SO3(aq) + 8H2O(l)  HCl < NaOH <
- Tube 1 (NaOH 0,1M), observed 5  Na2CO3 0,1M = HCl = formed 2Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + 2NaHCO3(aq) Na2CO3
minutes, formed bubbles colorless solution bubbles (+) + 3H2(g)
- Tube 2 (Na2CO3 0,1M), observed 5  HCl 0,1M =  Aluminium + f. 2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) + 12H2O(l) 
minutes, formed bubbles colorless solution Na2CO3 = no 2[Al(H2O)6]Cl3(aq) + 3H2(g)
- Tube 3 (HCl 0,1M), observed 5 bubbles
Ea1 = 68,4 kj/mol
minutes, formed bubbles +5 minutes
Ea2 =
 NaOH = bubbles
Ea3 = 65 kj/mol
(+++) white
solution

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 Experiment Result
No. Procedure Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
 HCl = bubbles
K(++)
 Na2CO3 (hot) =
bubbles (++++)
3. The properties of aluminium compounds  Al2(SO4)3 =  +red litmus paper Reactions: Al2(SO4)3
- Al2(SO4)3 Entered into test tube colorless solution = red paper c. Al3+ + 3H2O(l)  Al(OH)3(aq) + when diluted
- Tested with blue and red litmus paper  Red litmus paper =  +blue litmus 3H+ into water
- Blue litmus paper changed into red, red paper paper = red d. SO42- + H2O  formed H2SO4
while Red litmus paper didn’t changed  Blue litmus paper litmus paper that acid
= blue paper solution
4. The amphoteric properties of aluminium  Al2(SO4)3 =  Al2(SO4)3 + Reactions: Al(OH)3 have
- 1 mL Al2(SO4)3 Added NaOH 0,1M colorless solution NaOH 10 drops = e. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  amphoteric
drop by drop, precipitate formed  NaOH = colorless white precipitate Al(OH)3(s) + Na2SO4(aq) properties
- Added NaOH 0,1M drop by drop, solution formed f. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq) ⇄ indicated by it
precipitate dissolve  HCl = colorless  +20 drops NaOH Na[Al(OH)4]aq) have properties
solution = white precipiate as acid where
disslve reacted with

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 Experiment Result
No. Procedure Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
- Dripped with HCl 0,1M solution until  +HCl 5 drops = g. Na[Al(OH)4]aq) + 4HCl(aq) ⇄ NaOH and
no change colors white precipitate NaCl(aq) + Al(OH)3(s) + 4H2O(l) have base
- White precipitate dissolve formed h. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + HCl(aq)  properties
 +40 drops HCl = AlCl3(aq) + H2O(l) when reacted
white precipitate with HCl
dissolve
5. The properties (solubility) of aluminium  Al2(SO4)3 =  Al2(SO4)3 + Reactions: From the
- 1 mL of Alum solution (Al2(SO4)3) colorless solution (NH4)2S = whte c. Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3(NH4)2S(aq) + experiment
Added a few of (NH4)2S solution  (NH4)2S = yellow solution formed 6H2O(l)  2Al(OH)3(s) + Al2(SO4)3
- Filtered, formed filtarte and residue solution  +filtered: 3(NH4)2SO4(aq) + 3H2S(g) when reacted
- Residue Wash with plenty of hot water  Aquadest = Filtrate: colorless d. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq)  with (NH4)2S
- Moved to the test tue using a little of colorless liquid solution Na[Al(OH)4](aq) formed white
water Residue: white precipitate
- NaOH solution added until the precipitate when added
precipitate dissolves  Washed aquades NaOH it
+ NaOH 250 disssolved after
drops = white 250 drops.

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 Experiment Result
No. Procedure Prediction/Reaction Conclusion
Before After
- White precipitate dissolve, turbid precipitate
solution dissolve, turbid
solution

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