ASSIGNMENT NO: 1

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
TOPIC: RESEARCH PAPER OF SUPPLY CHAIN
MANAGEMENT (SUMMARY)

SUBMITTED TO: MS. ASVIR NAVEED

SUBMITTED BY: SANA TUL ZAHRA
SUBMISSION DATE: 18-NOV-2019
BPA VII
321651045

LAHORE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY

LAHORE
 SCM IN COFFEE COMMODITIES (SUMMARY)

This research paper of supply chain management is about coffee commodities and the role of
each of its elements. There are many difficulties for maintain the quality of coffee in accordance
to satisfy its customers and also benefits to all supply chain stakeholders includes suppliers,
customers, and manufacturers etc. Supply chain management helps in maintaining the quality
through improvement of market and organization involved in supply chain. This research is
basically based on coffee business management system which is inefficient and creates
problems in supply chain management.

Supply chain management in coffee commodities includes suppliers, gatherers/manufacturers,

exporters, and consumers.

This research used qualitative data and get information from focus group discussion and also
involved businessmen exist in Garut Regency and authority who were interested in developing
the coffee as a commodity.

This research was done in three steps, which is:

 Recognizing coffee commodity business activity from start to finish, so every element
involved within can be known. Also, at this stage, every obstruction which affects supply
chain effectively and efficiency can be described.
 Describe the role and function of each and every supply chain elements to see how it
affects the success and continuity of coffee commodity business activity.
 If SCM (Coordination) fully recognized, information derived from it such as: standard
production capacity on every supply chain which had to be fulfilled annually, its product
quality standards, and also the feedback of each and every supply chain element to
further support the success and continuity of coffee commodity business activity
especially in facing global market competition.

Findings: Through these three steps it is expected a suitable coffee commodity supply chain
management can be formed.
 SCM IN DAIRY INDUSTRY (SUMMARY)

This research paper includes the key challenges faces dairy industry of India.

Key Challenges In Dairy Supply Chain:

 Perishable nature of dairy products.

 Traceability of quality related issues.
 High risk of milk deterioration.
 High demand fluctuations.
 Logistics, transportation and road infrastructure.

Methodology: Secondary Research (Google Scholar, Open access Journal, Web of Science)

The improved product quality, elimination of uncertainties and high brand value leads to better
SCM and offer the decreased costs. SCM activities like service, delivery, and information flow
are still key challenges in the food sector. Further, due to the highly perishable in nature of dairy
products, they have special treatment, cooling mechanism, handling and quick actions starting
from milk procurement to distribution or retailing. Dairy supply chain consist of four main
elements as raw milk supplier/farmer, milk processing plant, transporters, retailer, and the
end consumer. Diverse characteristics make it more challenging to manage the supply chain
activities in India dairy industry.

Due to the perishable nature of dairy products, it is a challenge to effectively manage the dairy
supply chain. Dairy industry of India currently calls for effective and competitive supply chain
strategies along with food safety and security to meet the standards of the export market. In
above context, the managers and professionals in the dairy industry of India need to develop
high responsiveness in supply chain directing on the coordination and effective information
system.

The findings of this study show that the food safety, product quality, and associated economic
benefits in dairy industry of India can be achieved through technological innovation, eradication
of uncertainties, and introducing the global Supply Chain Management practices.
 FOOD WASTE REDUCTION AS A CHALLENGE IN SCM (SUMMARY)

This research paper is based on wastage of food reduction (economic, environment and social
problem) which has become a global challenge in supply chain management demanding
implementation of innovative solutions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the food waste
problem at a supply chain level and present how companies can cope with the challenge of food
waste reduction in the light of the framework of Supply chain management.

Methodology: Desk Research (Secondary Data).

Food Waste: An Economic, Environmental And Social Problem:

World Resources Institute indicates that globally, food worth 1 trillion USD is lost or wasted
each year throughout the entire supply chain.

Facing the problem of food waste at a supply chain level requires the perspective of
organizational sustainability that consists of three components: economic, environmental and
social performance. “Sustainable supply chain management” is defined as “the strategic,
transparent integration and achievement of an organization’s social, environmental and economic
goals for improving the long-term economic performance of the individual company and its
supply chains”.

Good Practices In Food Supply Chain At Tesco Company (Findings):

Tesco, as a global retailer, is constantly developing the strategy of SSCM and waste
measurement methodology. The company collaborates with other supply chain partners to
prevent food waste and deliver more value for the company’s stakeholders. It improves
transparency within supply chain by using digital technologies.

The presented data and case study of Tesco indicate that the strategy “waste less” is an
imperative towards sustainability in food supply chains management. There are many activities
that organizations can engage in which positively affect the food waste reduction and achieve
economic, environmental and social benefits within the triple bottom line concept.
 CHALLENGES OF TEACHING SCM (SUMMARY)

In this research, there are many challenges in teaching and learning Supply Chain
Management in Higher Education Institutions (Perth College, University of Highlands and
Islands, UK). This study has shown that there is a gap between what employers need and what
business schools deliver.

Challenges Faced By HEIs:

 Today’s college students as “utilitarian in their goals for college.

 Weak in academic skills.
 Beneficiaries of inflated grades.
 students who do not identify themselves as learners have a high probability to develop a
consumer-alike orientation, especially if they are self-funded.

Challenges In Teaching SCM:

 Complexity of SCM and changing skills requirements.

 Narrow the existing gap between industry and academia.
 The use of technology in SCM and SCM education.

Challenges For Students:

 Lack of interest.
 Translating theoretical concepts into real-life.
 Fear of uncertainty after graduation.

In this research, data gathered from under and post graduate students through observations and
interviews. The finding is that (77.5%) respondents consider work experience helps them to
understand how SCM work in practice, (90.2%) students are not fully aware of the job
opportunities available within SCM, vast majority of the respondents (95%) believe that industry
experience of the lecturer helps them to better understand the concepts of SCM.
 WAL-MART’S SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATED SCM (SUMMARY)

This research is based on Wal-Mart who is currently the world’s largest retailer kept holding its
top position in fiscal year 2016 with $482,130 million revenues. Wal-Mart is a successful retailer
with its speed, cost-effective and high integrated supply chain. Methodology Used: Designing
an ideal triple-A supply chain.

The Effectiveness Of Wal-Mart’s Integrated Supply Chain:

Wal-Mart was stronger than its rivals through having the most powerful relationships with
suppliers, giving a large platform to their brands, and merging with the industry. Wal-Mart also
looks after their customers’ demands and maintains efficiency.

Some Issues Existing In Wal-Mart’s Supply Chain, The Necessity And How
To Build The New Triple-A Supply Chain:

The collaboration between Wal-Mart and its suppliers is critical to improve the efficiency of
supply chain. Furthermore, Wal-Mart’s supply chain was fast and cost-effective so that’s why
company faced serious problems relating to its failure in “holding the inventory growth to half
the level of sales growth” in 2016. Even since 2017, the inventory growth rate has been higher
than sales growth rate, leading to the conflict of incentives between participating parties. Wal-
Mart coped with the inventory problem due to the misalignment of interests between the
company and its suppliers. In this 21 century’s global competitive environment, Wal-Mart needs
to consider this problem as well as focuses on an alternative supply chain consisting of all three
qualities: agility (respond to short term changes in supply and demand quickly), adaptability
(adjust the supply chain to fit long term fluctuations) and alignment (align the interests of all
participants in the supply chain for better performance). This new supply chain is called “The
Triple-A supply chain”. The important finding is that in order to achieve a successful supply
chain which enhances both the short-time and long-term competitive advantages, firms need to
redesign its supply chains towards an integrated supply chain with three capabilities “Triple A”
(agility, adaptability and alignment).