Water Treatment Technologies

Client WIPO
Project title Water Treatment Technologies
Total number of patents 29,663

Patent family Overall Membrane Membrane w/ desal

statistics
# of patent 6347 4,764 570
families +
orphans
# of single 3,018 2,121 215
member families
% of single 48% 45% 38%
member families
Total # of patents 29663 22,698 3184
in the patent
families

Patent family size: 1 1 1

Smallest
Patent family size: 1713 652 275
Largest
Patent family size: 9 9 9
Medium (does not
include single
member families)

Totals: 29663
"Parent" patent Nr of family Parent patent title Patent applicant
members total

AP1934A 8 Animal powered mechanical COUNCIL SCIENT

device for water desalination IND RES

AT391124B 6 TRANSPORTABLE MUELLER ERICH|

ANORDNUNG ZUR MARIUS DIETRICH
GEWINNUNG VON ING
TRINKWASSER
AT396919B 8 WASSERAUFBEREITUNGSGE HOCHGATTERER
RÄT JOSEF

AT409622B 2 MOLEKULARFILTER, DURKOVIC

INSBESONDERE FÃoeR DIE FRANTISEK MAG
MEERWASSERENTSALZUNG

AU10212452A1 1 Desalination Unit SCHULZ BRIAN

AU10795A5 1 METHOD FOR FILTRATION ASAHI KASEI KOGYO

WITH MEMBRANE KK

AU18128A5 1 SEAWATER PRESSURE- KENNETH R BOSLEY

DRIVEN DESALINIZATION
APPARATUS AND METHOD
WITH GRAVITY-DRIVENBRINE
RETURN

AU3214393A1 17 WATER FILTER AND OTV SA

TREATMENT SYSTEM AND
COMPONENT

AU3418289A1 1 CHLORINE-RESISTANT ALLIED-SIGNAL INC

SEMIPERMEABLE
MEMBRANES
AU5314899A1 190 Hollow fiber membrane cartridge ASAHI CHEMICAL
CORP

AU5317890A1 9 REMOVAL OF TRACE SEPARATION

CONTAMINATION FROM DYNAMICS INC
WATER

AU6100222AD 1 Self cleaning ultra violet water SOLA EDWARDS

disinfection unit ADELAIDE

AU6252216BB 2 Two stage nanofiltration CITY OF LONG

seawater desalination system BEACH
AU6279698A1 23 Antimicrobial filter cartridge MICROBAN
PRODUCTS

AU649600B3 1 A potable water purifying and LI SHU

mineralizing processor

AU659764B1 1 FLUID TREATMENT PROCESS PALL CORP

USING DYNAMIC
MICROFILTRATION AND
ULTRAFILTRATION

AU742973B2 1 METHOD FOR PURIFYING ASAHI KASEI KK

TURBID WATER

AU765380B2 1 Method for purifying suspended ASAHI KASEI KK

water by membrane filtration

AU775901B2 1 Chelate-forming porous hollow ASAI GERMANIUM

fiber membrane and method for RESEARCH
the recovery of germanium INSTITUTE CO LTD
oxide with the same

AU776147B2 1 Method and apparatus for PHILD CO LTD

producing fullerene water

AU779484B2 1 An apparatus and method for GERALD L BROOKS

improving an osmosis process

AU780098B2 1 Treatment of water GARFIELD

INTERNATIONAL
INVESTMENTS LTD
AU8196498A1 3 MEMBRANE PROCESSES WATER RESEARCH
COMMISSION

AU9100643AD 2 Water treatment device ALL PUMPS

HOLDINGS PTY

AU9200113A1 1 Water purification HINCHLIFFE

CLEMENT|GUNTER
LEMPERT

BE1014329A6 1 Biomethanisation plant uses SCHAACK LUON

centrifuging, ultrafiltration,
nanofiltration, reverse osmosis
and/or chemical or organic
flocculation to separate liquids
and solids

BE1016497A6 2 INRICHTING VOOR HET BORGMANS TONY

ZUIVEREN VAN WATER. FRANS HENRIETTE|
VANDEBRIL
HENRICUS

BE761791A1 1 Continuous liquid treatment PETITJEAN ELIE R

apparatus

BE787345A1 7 METHODE DE PREPARATION CONSIGLIO

DE MEMBRANES NAZIONALE
HYPERFILTRANTES, EN RICERCHE
PARTICULIER POUR LE
DECELEMENT DES EAUX
SAUMATRES ET DE MER, ET
MEMBRANES REALISEES PAR
L'APPLICATION DE CETTE
METHODE
BE881974A1 3 PROCEDE D'EPURATION D'UN RENSONNET A R L O
LIQUIDE A EPURER EG
COMPRENANT UNE
FLOCULATION ET UNE
MICRO-FILTRATION ET
DISPOSITIF POUR SA MISE
EN OEUVRE

BE895821A1 1 Mobile ion exchange treatment ECOLOCHEM INC

plant for liq(s). esp. water -
offers optional treatments by
using vessels in parallel or
series or both

BE905273A1 1 Purificn. of water to pyrogenic MCP ELECTRONICS

standard - by passage in AG
sequence through softener,
reverse osmosis unit, ceramic
filter and demineraliser

BG108468A 1 SYSTEM FOR THE GENCHEV GEORGI|

REGULATION AND GENCHEV
TREATMENT OF WATER SVETOSLAV|
GENCHEV IVAJLO

BG52069B2 1 METHOD FOR THE ZAVOD ZA

PREPARATION OF MEMBRANNI
ASYMMETRICAL MEMBRANES TEKHNOLOGII

BRPI0704141A 1 sistema de dessalinização de SEAHORSE WAVE

água movido por energia das ENERGY SA
ondas do mar
CA1118365A1 34 REVERSE OSMOSIS METHOD KEEFER BOWIE
AND APPARATUS

CA1218475A1 28 TREATMENT AND NALCO CHEMICAL

PREVENTION OF FOULED CO
WATER TREATMENT SOLIDS

CA1319112A1 5 REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER SCHLUMBERGER

PURIFICATION UNIT INDUSTRIES INC

CA2024995A1 1 PROCESS FOR ON-SITE TROJAN

TREATMENT OF WATER AND TECHNOLOGIES INC
APPARATUS THEREFOR

CA2054371C 9 WATER CONDITIONING MEURER WILHELM

APPARATUS AND METHOD
FOR CONDITIONING WATER
CA2056137C 35 PROCESS FOR CLEANING OR LENZING AG
PURIFYING AQUEOUS N-
METHYLMORPHOLINE-N-
OXIDE SOLUTIONS

CA2060082A1 1 CONDENSATE POLISHING GRAVER COMPANY

SYSTEM INCORPORATING A (THE)
MEMBRANE FILTER

CA2078944A1 1 SELF-CONTAINED, PURIFIED CLACK CORP

DRINKING WATER
REFRIGERATOR STORAGE
APPARATUS

CA2079578A1 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS VITAL LIVING

FOR PURIFYING AND PRODUCTS INC
DISPENSING WATER

CA2088602A1 1 SURFACE WATER OTV SA

TREATMENT PLANT WITH
SAFETY BARRIER AND
CORRESPONDING
APPLICATIONS
CA2126739C 13 FILTER AND A METHOD FOR n/a
SEPARATING CHARGED
PARTICLES FROM A LIQUID
STREAM

CA2127716A1 1 WATER TREATMENT DEVICE n/a

CA2132929A1 1 WATER DECONTAMINATION SZABO LOUIS

SYSTEM WITH DIMMER-
CONTROLLED ULTRAVIOLET
LAMP
CA2136200C 76 WATER CLARIFIER WITH n/a
FIRST FILTRATE ISOLATION,
IMPROVED BACKWASHING
AND IMPROVED BUBBLE
GENERATION

CA2146609C 12 WATER FILTRATION n/a

CARTRIDGE

CA2168629AA 1 Modular Home Dialysis System AKSYS LTD

CA2178118C 3 CENTRIFUGAL REVERSE- MOILLIET ANTONY|
OSMOSIS DESALINATION HOPKIN DAVID A|
UNIT INCORPORATING AN WILD PETER M|
ANNULAR MEMBRANE VICKERS GOEFFREY
CARTRIDGE W

CA2186963C 8 HIGH WATER RECOVERY AL-SAMADI RIAD A

MEMBRANE PURIFICATION
PROCESS

CA2224159A1 1 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR HERHOF

TREATMENT OF WATER UMWELTTECHNIK
FROM A BIODEGRADEABLE GMBH
PROCESS

CA2241193A1 1 PROCESS FOR PURIFYING A KREBS & CO AG

LIQUID CONTAMINATED BY
FILAMENTARY MOLECULES

CA2244645A1 1 DECOMPOSITION QUARK SYSTEMS

APPARATUS OF ORGANIC CO LTD
COMPOUND,
DECOMPOSITION METHOD
THEREOF, EXCIMER UV LAMP
AND EXCIMER EMISSION
APPARATUS
CA2247386A1 1 MEMBRANE FILTER WITH ATKINS FULFORD
ELECTRICAL AND/OR LTD
ACOUSTIC ENHANCEMENT

CA2253203A1 1 POUR-THROUGH AND BTL INT LLC

PITCHER MOUNTED WATER
FILTER

CA2253697A1 2 WATER PURIFIER FANTOM TECH INC

CA2264619A1 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS MUKHOPADHYAY

FOR HIGH EFFICIENCY DEBASISH
REVERSE OSMOSIS
OPERATION

CA2265235A1 1 MULTIMEDIA BACKWASHABLE CANPRO WATER

FILTRATION SYSTEM TREAT INC

CA2265309C 2 FAUCET ATTACHMENT FOR ENVIROGARD

TREATING WATER PRODUCTS LTD
CA2267941A1 1 WATER STRAINER/PURIFIER FOUNTAINHEAD
AND METHOD OF USING TECHNOLOGIES INC
SAME

CA2296129A1 10 DOMESTIC WATER FANTOM TECH INC

TREATMENT APPLIANCE

CA2305583A1 1 APPARATUS AND METHOD SODA CLUB (CO2)

FOR THE PURIFICATION OF SA
WATER

CA2305776A1 1 WATER PURIFYING AND SODA CLUB CO2 SA

DISPENSING APPARATUS

CA2306847A1 7 WATER TREATMENT SMART ISLE OF MAN

PROCESS LTD
CA2310397A1 1 COMPUTER CONTROLLED CONNOR NORMAN
WATER DISPENSER JOHN

CA2318475A1 1 POUR-THROUGH WATER RECOVERY ENG INC

TREATMENT DISPENSER

CA2360425AA 1 IMMERSED MEMBRANE ZENON

ELEMENT AND MODULE ENVIRONMENTAL
INC

CA2368407A1 1 IMPROVED GROWING AND IET AQUARES LTD

CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR
BIOAUGMENTATION
PRODUCTS USED FOR THE
TREATMENT OF WASTE
WATER
CA2381309A1 1 ON PREMISE WATER COCA COLA CO
TREATMENT SYSTEM AND
METHOD

CA2387777C 6 POTABLE WATER TREATMENT MS FILTER INC

PLANT AND METHOD OF
MAINTAINING SAME

CA2393178A1 1 MULTI-STAGE FILTER WATER CREATIONS

INC

CA2407039A1 1 FILTER FOR PURIFYING CALGON CARBON

DOMESTIC DRINKING WATER CORP

CA2414544C 2 FIBRE OPTIC ULTRA VIOLET ELSEGOOD

WATER TREATMENT CHRISTOPHER J

CA2418019A1 1 THERMAL WATER BATTELLE

TREATMENT MEMORIAL
INSTITUTE
CA2425167A1 1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENVIROGEN INC
WITHDRAWING PERMEATE
THROUGH A FILTER AND FOR
CLEANING THE FILTER IN
SITU

CA2425598A1 1 FIBRE MEMBRANE US FILTER

ARRANGEMENT WASTEWATER
GROUP INC

CA2425890A1 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS CANZONE LTD

FOR SEPARATING MIXTURES
OF ORGANIC AND AQUEOUS
LIQUID PHASES

CA2431593A1 1 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PAQUES WATER

CLEANING A FLUID, SUCH AS SYSTEMS B V
WATER

CA2436390C 5 WATER PURIFYING CHU YI-CHIN

APPARATUS

CA2438441A1 1 HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE ZENON

SUPPORTED BIOFILM ENVIRONMENTAL
MODULE INC
CA2439700A1 1 COMBINED FILTER MANIFOLD OASIS CORP
AND SHUT-OFF VALVE FOR A
WATER PURIFICATION
SYSTEM

CA2457562A1 1 WATER PURIFICATION UNITED EXP & IMP

APPARATUS INC

CA2463397A1 4 PORTABLE WATER PURIFIER AQUAGENEX INC

CA2464416A1 1 APPARATUS AND METHOD BIONOMICS LTD

FOR PRODUCING PURIFIED
WATER HAVING HIGH
MICROBIOLOGICAL PURITY
BY USING A REVERSE
OSMOSIS MEMBRANE
ASSEMBLY

CA2470149A1 1 FAUCET MOUNT WATER YIU CHAU CHAU

FILTER
CA2470270A1 1 METHOD AND FACILITY FOR ENVIROGAIN INC
PROCESSING
CONTAMINATED LIQUIDS

CA2470869A1 1 WATER SOFTENER AND ZENON

PURIFIER ENVIRONMENTAL
INC

CA2472490A1 1 MODULE WITH SELF- TRIPLE I

SUPPORTING SHEET
MEMBRANES

CA2477939A1 1 MULTIPLE BARRIER FILTER KINETICO INC

APPARATUS

CA2478380A1 1 METHOD OF MONITORING ONDEO NALCO

MEMBRANE SEPARATION COMPANY
PROCESSES

CA2479208A1 1 METHOD OF MONITORING ONDEO NALCO

MEMBRANE SEPARATION COMPANY
PROCESSES
CA2480657A1 1 SHAPED FLOW AMERSHAM
DISTRIBUTION IN FILTRATION BIOSCIENCES
CASSETTES MEMBRANE

CA2482301A1 1 SYSTEM FOR WATER SOLUTIONZ

RECIRCULATING TANGENTIAL INTERNATIONAL
FILTER CONCENTRATE

CA2483661A1 1 BLENDED POLYMER PALL CORP

MEMBRANE MEDIA FOR
TREATING AQUEOUS FLUIDS

CA2492799A1 1 PORTABLE COMPACT ULTRA ARION WATER INC

HIGH PURITY WATER
SYSTEM VIA DIRECT
PROCESSING FROM CITY
FEED WATER

CA2497273A1 1 BIOMIMETIC MEMBRANES MT TECHNOLOGIES

INC

CA2499683A1 1 UV LED BASED WATER HYDRO PHOTON

PURIFICATION MODULE FOR INC|MAIDEN MILES
INTERMITTANTLY OPERABLE
FLOW-THROUGH HYDRATION
SYSTEMS
CA2509017A1 2 CHEMICAL CLEANING FOR ZENON
MEMBRANES ENVIRONMENTAL
INC

CA2514468A1 13 METHOD OF PRODUCING AQUASOURCE

MEMBRANES FOR
FILTRATION MODULES
WHICH ARE INTENDED, FOR
EXAMPLE, FOR WATER
TREATMENT

CA2548532A1 1 METHODS AND DE RIJK JAN

COMPOSITIONS FOR
TREATMENT OF WATER

CA2559258A1 1 A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HACH CO

THE ON-DEMAND ON-LINE
TREATMENT OF WATER

CA2573693A1 1 NEW OXIDATION PROCESS GROUPE

FOR WATER TREATMENT TRAIMTECH INC

CA2585394A1 3 WATER TREATMENT HEBERT CLAUDE L

CA2593824A1 1 WATER TREATING REACTOR OTV SA

FOR THE DRINKABILITY
THEREOF
CA2610620A1 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS STASCHIK UDO
FOR WATER RESTORATION

CA2614643C 2 PORTABLE, POTABLE WATER WORLDWIDE WATER

RECOVERY AND DISPENSING L L C
APPARATUS

CA2639017A1 1 SUPER OXIDATION, KORZENIOWSKI JAN

COAGULATION & A
FLOCCULATION SYSTEM FOR
TREATMENT OF WATER AND
WASTEWATER

CA2644795A1 1 SYPHON FILTRATION SYSTEM KORZENIOWSKI JAN

A

CA2663906A1 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS SIEMENS WATER

FOR DESALINATION TECH CORP
CA2665355A1 1 WATER PURIFICATION HICKS LAWRENCE A
SYSTEM

CA2666105A1 1 APPARATUS AND METHOD WM INTERNAT LTD

FOR TREATMENT OF WATER

CA2676230A1 1 DEPTH EXPOSED MEMBRANE DXV WATER

FOR WATER EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGIES LLC

CA2676659A1 1 PROCESS AND APPARATUS SIEMENS AG

FOR THE PURIFICATION OF
WATER CONTAMINATED WITH
SULFATE IONS AND WITH
HEAVY METAL IONS

CA2682057A1 1 METHOD FOR REDUCING GEN ELECTRIC

FOULING IN
MICROFILTRATION SYSTEMS
CA2689646A1 1 AQUEOUS TREATMENT SCHWARTZEL DAVID
APPARATUS UTILIZING T|FRAIM MICHAEL L
PRECURSOR MATERIALS AND
ULTRASONICS TO GENERATE
CUSTOMIZED OXIDATION-
REDUCTION-REACTANT
CHEMISTRY ENVIRONMENTS
IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
AND/OR SIMILAR DEVICES

CA2694487A1 1 BEVERAGE DISPENSER COCA COLA CO

CA2699843A1 1 CONTROL OF OXIDATION ATLANTIUM

PROCESSES IN ULTRAVIOLET TECHNOLOGIES LTD
LIQUID TREATMENT
SYSTEMS

CA2711989A1 1 WATER TREATMENT BUTTERS BRIAN E|

PROCESS FOR THE POWELL ANTHONY L
REDUCTION OF THM & HAA
FORMATION

CA2712217A1 1 METHODS AND SYSTEMS GEN ELECTRIC

FOR TREATING SOUR WATER

CA2715076A1 1 APPARATUS OF PRODUCED TOY ENGINEERING

WATER TREATMENT, SYSTEM CORP|SUMITOMO
AND METHOD OF USING THE ELEC FINE POLYMER
APPARATUS, AND METHOD INC
OF WATER REUSE BY USING
THE SAME
CA2723092A1 1 PROCESS FOR RE- KINETICO INC
MINERALIZING WATER
DEFICIENT IN MAGNESIUM

CA2723899A1 1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SLARK WAYNE

TREATMENT OF WATER

CA954263A1 6 SEMI-PERMEABLE SYBRON CORP

MEMBRANES AND METHOD
OF PRODUCTION

CA963426A1 7 TREATMENT OF PPG INDUSTRIES

ELECTRODEPOSITION RINSE INC
WATER

CH489259A 15 Verfahren zur Herstellung von DIETZSCH GMBH

kapillaren Austauschern HANS JOACHIM

CH631139A 1 Process and apparatus for EGYESUELT

purifying polluted water and for MUESZAKI TOEMITO
producing drinking water or ES
utility water

CH664550A 1 Demineralising water with ESI S A

reverse osmosis membrane - by
passing it through magnetic
container before filtration
CH685939A 17 Filter appts. for purifying and BRASFILTER IND
sterilising water COMERCIO

CH686710A 1 Cross-flow filtration of EIDGENOESS FAM|

contaminated liq MARTIN ANDREAS
HENCK

CH689829A 1 Water treatment process ROPUR AG

eliminating carbon dioxide for
industries demanding high purity

CH693415A 1 Water treatment plant producing HUGENTOBLER

potable water during e.g. MAGNUS
disaster relief operations,
includes manual pumps, water
storage, filtration and
disinfection sections

CH699944A2 1 Container comprises bag for SARCINELLA

storing UV energy for the GIUSEPPE
sterilization of water in locations
without access to clean water
and power
CH701008A2 1 System for treating liquids e.g. SWISS FRESH
salt water by reverse osmosis, WATER SA
comprises a liquid supply to be
treated and a filter module
having hollow fibers, where the
module comprises an inlet for
the liquid to be treated and two
permeate outlets

CN100341609C 2 Strong brine energy recovery GUANGZHOU INST

device based on reverse ENERGY CONV CAS
osmosis desalination technology

CN100345777C 2 Direct drinking machine for WANG JIANHUA

purified water (water-saving civil
pipeline type quality-classifying
water supplying machine )

CN100349805C 2 Dynamic micro filter membrane YU RONGPU

assembly and water treatment
process method

CN100366507C 2 Equipment of combining DALIAN SEA AFFAIRS

microfiltration with ultra-violet UNIV
radiation for governing invasion
of aquatic organism of shipping
ballast
CN100372782C 2 Pretreatment method of UNIVERSITY
ceramics membrane of reverse NANJING
osmosis for desalting seawater POLYTECHNIC

CN100378013C 2 Condensed water treatment YUCHENG YANG

system

CN100395200C 2 Preparation method of nano SUNTAR MEMBRANE

filtration drinking water based on TECHNOLOGY XIA
seconddary membrane filtering
technology

CN100404442C 2 Method for treating drinking UNIVERSITY BEIJING

water of replacing disinfecting TECHNOLOGY
action of medicament

CN100408705C 2 Nano-filtration method for QINGHAI INST OF

separating magnesium and SALT LAKES CHI
enriching lithium from salt lake
brine

CN100444938C 2 Ceramic film water purifier with ZIYU XIAO

far infrared and anion function

CN100450591C 2 Double-dial coupled type UNIVERSITY TIANJIN

pressure exchanger for sea
water or brine reverse osmosis
desalination system
CN100467393C 2 Household water treating KEQING YANG
method and system with
antioxidant reverse osmosis film

CN100551834C 2 Water-purifying apparatus YINGJUN XIE

CN100556532C 2 Submerged photocatalytic HUAIYIN TEACHERS

ceramic membrane reactor COLLEGE

CN100558647C 2 Double-membrane method DEV CT OF WATER

water treatment system and TREAT TECHNOLO
water treatment method

CN100560511C 2 High-power cluster-controlled ZHONGSHAN

ozone ultraviolet light water YANGTZE RIVER
treatment system OXYGEN

CN100579634C 2 Column type membrane TIANJIN MOTIMO

assembly and its producing MEMBRANE
method TECHNOLOGY CO
LTD
CN100999358A 1 Floating type ozone water GE TONGHUI
treatment device

CN101007240A 1 Cellulose asymmetric hollow DALIAN CHEMICAL

fiber ultrafiltration membranes PHYSICS INST
and preparation method thereof

CN101007241A 2 Processing technology of UNIVERSITY

polyacrylic acid and cellulose ZHEJIANG
acetate composite membrane GONGSHANG

CN101007659A 2 Household water purifier UNIVERSITY WUHAN

TECH

CN101007666A 1 Intensified coagulation method MENG GUANGZHEN

for processing micro polluted
water

CN101028946A 1 Energy-saving potential- QUAN LIMIN

difference fluorine-removing
purifier for water source
CN101029107B 2 Production of anion- HENGYI CHEMICAL
polyacrylamide CO LTD SHANGHAI|
UNIVERSITY EAST
CHINA SCIENCE &
TECH

CN101036857A 1 Water-saving type RO purifier ZOU GUONAN

CN101036861A 2 Hydrophilicity polyethylene UNIVERSITY

hollow fiber micro-hole film and ZHEJIANG
the preparation method

CN101037260A 2 Silver carp and cladophora HARBIN INST OF

united algae control method TECHNOLOGY
CN101045573B 2 Method for treating ship ballast UNIVERSITY DALIAN
by high-level oxidation MARITIME
technology based on sulphuric
acid free radical

CN101053780A 1 Method for preparing composite UNIVERSITY

nanofiltration membrane SHANGHAI

CN101053782B 2 Antibiotic cellulose acetate UNIVERSITY HEBEI

nanofiltration membrane and its SCIENCE & TECH
preparation method

CN101055106A 1 Method and apparatus for JIANG SUIAN

quickly and deeply purifying air
or water or other fluid at low cost

CN101058470A 1 Membrane integration process CHINA RAILWAY

for desalinizing sea water FIRST ENGINEERIN
CN101066789A 2 Water treating process and GUIYANG SHIDAI
system with antioxidant HUITONG MEMBRAN
composite reverse osmosis film

CN101066813A 1 Underground water pollutant UNIVERSITY

eliminating combined DONGHUA
nanofiltering membrane process

CN101074138B 2 Method for treating ship ballast UNIVERSITY DALIAN

water MARITIME

CN101074438A 1 Special fixation composite CHENGRUN BIOLOG

enzyme for harnessing enriched SCIENCE & TECH
water pollution by acetate fiber
fixation composite enzyme

CN101085407A 2 Nano-crystallite composite JIANGSU ZHENGBEN

filtering material and preparation PURIFICATION
method thereof

CN101096011A 2 Separating film with HEFEI INST

photocatalysis property and PHYSICAL SCI CAS
method for preparing the same
CN101104534A 2 Community closed medium UNIVERSITY
water landscape water system SHANGHAI SCIENCE
organism gas float BOAG & TECH
treatment method and device

CN101104536A 2 Photocatalysis integration UNIVERSITY

device for drinking water deep NANJING
treatment

CN101108760B 2 Continuous Microfiltration XIAMEN

processing technique of ZHONGLIANHUAN
regenerated water ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION
ENGINEERING CO
LTD

CN101109286A 2 System for cleaning water sump UNIVERSITY CHINA

settling down well MINING

CN101125268A 2 Filtering medium used for QIDI ELECTRIC

eliminating microencapsulated GROUP CO LTD
algae toxin and preparation
method thereof and filter
element made of the filtering
medium
CN101125690A 1 Atmospheric water-making DONGHUA WANG
machine

CN101138706A 1 Bunchiness hollow fiber film and PING HU

method of preparing the same

CN101147494A 1 Sulfate-reducing-bacteria- HARBIN INST OF

mediated powder using zinc- TECHNOLOGY
carried tourmaline and
preparation method

CN101147848A 2 Polyvinylidene fluoride film UNIVERSITY TIANJIN

hydrophilically modified method POLYTECHNIC

CN101147856A 1 Method for preparing UNIVERSITY TONGJI

immobilized titanium dioxide
suspending carrier
CN101172675A 1 Ultraviolet ray sterilization ETERNAL
equipment and device for GUANGDONG
treatment of water having the ELECTRIC HOL
same

CN101186358A 2 Sea water desalination and poor ZONGYAN HE

water purification device and
method

CN101186380A 2 Photocatalysis aeration filter UNIVERSITY TONGJI

pool for water treatment

CN101187298A 1 Super deep water injection well ANTON OILFIELD

movable type water treatment SERV GROUP LTD
and well washing technology
CN101209870A 1 Ultraviolet water purification GAOBIN PEI
device

CN101215018A 1 Method for producing JINLONG ZHANG

photocatalysis nano active water
and use thereof

CN101215072A 1 Biological activated carbon sea NORTH CHINA

water treatment method for MUNICIPAL
increasing organism ENGINEER
degradability

CN101219349A 2 Exchange membrane containing IND

modified maleimide low polymer TECHNOLOGICAL
RES INST
CN101224910B 2 Three-step combined purifying UNIVERSITY TIANJIN
membrane backwashing method

CN101224915B 2 Circulating water module type YELLOW SEA

ultraviolet radiation sterilization FISHERIES RES INST
device for fishpond

CN101225600A 1 Finishing method for anti- SHENGHONG

ultraviolet antistatic pollen-proof GROUP
water-proofing fabrics

CN101234295B 2 N/A n/a

CN101234302B 2 Hollow capillary vessel type HAINAN MEILANDE
blended ultrafiltration membrane WATER TREAT
and preparation thereof TECHNOLOGY CO
LTD

CN101234825B 2 N/A n/a

CN101239297A 1 Nano double helix ecological YINGCHANG FENG

globoid and preparation and
application thereof

CN101239299A 1 Microwave non-polar ultraviolet HARBIN INST OF

light catalyzing integrated TECHNOLOGY
reaction device

CN101244369A 1 Hydrophilic hollow fiber film and UNIVERSITY

method of manufacturing the CENTRAL SOUTH
same
CN101254407A 1 Three-cylinder three piston type UNIVERSITY TIANJIN
recuperator for reverse osmosis
seawater desalination

CN101254409A 2 Both-end water-generating TIANJIN MOTIMO

immersed hollow fiber film MEMBRANE TECHNO
component

CN101254420A 1 Reinforced tubular porous body BEIJING BISHUIYUAN

compound film, method of TECHNOLOGIE
preparing the same and use
thereof

CN101254424A 1 Hydrophilic PVB blended hollow UNIVERSITY

fiber film and method of CENTRAL SOUTH
preparing the same
CN101254967B 2 N/A n/a

CN101254986A 1 System and method for treating UNIVERSITY

micro-polluted source water LANZHOU TECH

CN101259339A 2 Round subsider micro-filter cloth UNIVERSITY WUHAN

surface filtration water exit SCIENCE & ENG
method

CN101264423A 1 Membrane separation BEIJING HANQING

equipment TIANLANG WATER
CN101264427A 1 Film material with ionic NANJING AOTO
exchange performance and use SCIENCE AND
thereof TECHN

CN101264969A 1 Double catalytic oxidation UNIVERSITY WUHAN

method for treating water SCIENCE & ENG

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DE3600333C2 15 Membran fuer die Trennung von AGENCY OF
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TOKIO/TOKYO JP
THE

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IK 8000 MUENCHEN
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DEN
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DER VERTEIDIGUNG
DIESER VERTRETEN
DURCH DEN
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FUER
WEHRTECHNIK UND
BESCHAFFUNG 5400
KOBLENZ DE
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zur Verbesserung der
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an uebliche
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HANNOVER DE
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GMBH 8000
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Vorrichtung DECKEN CLAUS-
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INIOTAKIS NICOLAOS
DIPL-PHYS 52428
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BERLIN DE

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fuer Wasser, Entwickler und HAFT FUER
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DE

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extraction and treatment device

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dimensioning the filter appliance
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treatment apparatus on a faucet
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method
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apparatus

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means of a photocatalytic ENGINEERING AND
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water

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use SRL

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DEUTSCHLAND

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purification of water
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WATER PURIFIER INC

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APPARATUS HAVING INC
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membrane of polyfumurate FATS COMPANY LTD|
RIKAGAKU
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URI|FROMMER
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thin fillerpigment and the method GESELLSCHAFT MIT
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treatment and process for its DES SCIENCES
production APPLIQUEES DE
TOULOUSE (INSAT)
ETABLISSEMENT
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CULTUREL ET

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LTD
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SHINANEN NEW
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separation systems SYSTEMS INC

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assemblies

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detoxification PROF DR|
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hydrotalcites

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AG
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AG

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PROCESS WATER CORP|ORICA
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F DR

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membrane

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cleaning slightly contaminated FRANCE|AHLSTROM
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disinfecting and recycling an
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membrane, process for
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BERNARDO|CRESPI
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treatment of surface water with a ING|EPPLER DIETER
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treatment, especially for water GESELLSCHAFT FAR
jet cutting devices INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGIEN
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containing water INSTELLING VOOR
TECHNOLOGISCH
ONDERZOEK
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FORSCHUNGSZENT
RUM GEESTHACHT
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separation/concentration/desalin COMMISSION JOINT
ation of liquids, in particular sea RESEARCH CENTER-
or brackish water, via reverse DG-JRC
osmosis ENVIRONMENT
INSTITUTE|ENEL SPA

EP970919B1 6 Apparatus for the disinfection of WATERCRYST

a water treatment unit CHEMIEFREIE
WASSERBEHANDLU
NG GMBH
EP976684A1 2 Pilot water treatment plant GESELLSCHAFT FAR
BIOTECHNOLOGISC
HE FORSCHUNG
MBH (GBF)|WFM
WASSERFORSCHUN
G MAINZ GMBH

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membrane

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tubes ANDREAS

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ES2087816AA 2 System for the pre-treatment of AQUAMBIENTE S L

water in reverse osmosis
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DESALINIZACION
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ES2095795AA 2 System for the filtration, PEREZ ZAMORA

decontamination and automatic RAMON|MORALES
service of drinking water SOLANO MANUEL
ES2100817AA 2 Process for improving the yield BATLLES PANIAGUA
of reverse osmosis applied to JOSE
the desalination of salty
(brackish, salt) waters

ES2107384AA 2 Development of pressures from UNIVERSITY ALCALA

tides and waves for desalinating HENARES
sea water by reverse osmosis

ES2112206AA 2 System with fixed or movable GUZMAN MARTINEZ

support for desalinating sea VALLS GINES|
water with reverse osmosis cell GUZMAN GIMENEZ
device, immersed at variable GINES|ROSIQUE
working depths JIMENEZ CARIDAD|
LOPEZ MAESTRE
TOMAS

ES2130981AA 2 Seawater desalinator AMORES

CERVANTES JOSE|
CAMPOS MUNOZ
GORGONIO|GARCIA
NAVARRO PEDRO

ES2142251AA 2 Filter for the desalination of AMORES

water CERVANTES JOSE|
CAMPOS MUNOZ
GORGONIO|GARCIA
NAVARRO PEDRO

ES2142737AA 2 System for desalinating water by GARCIA FERNANDEZ

means of reverse osmosis JOSE MIGUEL
ES2152824AB 3 Desalinator of e.g. sea water TECNOHOLDING S A
includes multiple pumps and a
turbine assembly with off peak
power utilization based water
feed

ES2153290AA 33 Reverse osmosis water BARRERO AVERO

desalination apparatus MANUEL

ES2154161AA 2 Treatment of sea water before MUNOZ RIZOS

desalination by reverse osmosis, ANDRES|VELASCO
by adding potassium LOPEZ JUAN
permanganate and then
neutralizing permanganate with
reducing agent before filtering

ES2155736AA 2 Machine for sterilising water. COMPANIA EUROP

DEL AGUA S A

ES2170644AA 2 Production plant of desalinated RIOS-ARAGUES LUIS

water by inverse osmosis MARIA
includes an underwater system
with a filter, valving and a water
pump

ES2198186BA 2 Reverse osmosis water LATORRE CARRION

desalination pressure pipes MANUEL
distribution system includes
osmosis diaphragms in a
pressure pipe with feed to
subsequent parallel pressure
pipes
ES2208075AA 2 Bacteriological equipment for CAMPOS VIEJO
water treatment involves ENRIQUE
lengthened recipient with
internal tube for location of
ultraviolet lamp and at least one
transparent parallel tube of
plastic next to lamp for
circulation of water to be treated

ES2211338AA 2 System is for desalination of LYNG BJORN

water, based on wind power in
isolated systems lacking
production of electrical energy

ES2226537AA 2 Water desalination membrane AQUALYNG AS

tube compact chamber global
connector includes modular tube
groups with brine and reject
water outlets and a water
collector

ES2250046T3 10 DISPOSITIVO PARA LA ROCHEM

FILTRACION Y SEPARACION ULTRAFILTRATIONS
DE FLUIDOS, EN ESPECIAL SYSTEM
BIOLOGICO-ORGANICOS.

ES2288369AA 2 Method for treatment of water, SUAD S L

involves decalcifying and
dechlorifying stage, which
includes applying certain mineral
and microbiological content to
obtain hardness free and
chlorine residue free water

ES2296482AA 2 Hot and cold water source, has EMPRESARIOS

vertical cabinet that is divided INDEPENDIENTES S
into two spaces, and water L
treatment system is provided,
which is composed of activated
carbon filter, and electronic
circuit ultraviolet lamp is also
provided
ES2299349AA 2 Seawater desalination method MERCE VIVES
involves introducing seawater SALVADOR
inside rotating cylinder, whose
side wall is semi-permeable
filtration membrane, where salt
extracting medium and
desalinated water evacuation
medium are provided

ES2324451AA 2 SISTEMA DE CONTROL CHANZA NAVARRO

REMOTO PARA VICENTE
DISPOSITIVOS
PURIFICADORES DE AGUA

ES2331809T3 35 SISTEMA DE CONTROL Y SIEMENS WATER

MONITORIZACION DE TECH CORP
FILTRACION.

ES2363295AA 1 EQUIPO DESALADOR. QUATRIPOLE

INGENIERIA S L
ES2366016T3 32 SISTEMA ENCAPSULADO DE ECOWATER
TRATAMIENTO DEL AGUA. SYSTEMS LLC

ES8101023AA 16 DESALINIZADORA DE AGUA MESPLE JOSE L R

POR SISTEMA HIDROSTATICO
DE OSMOSIS INVERSA

ES8203308AA 13 SISTEMA DE MESPLE JOSE L R

DESALINIZACION DE AGUA
POR OSMOSIS INVERSA,
CON RECUPERACION DE
PRESION

FI834030A0 14 FILTRERINGSENHET FLUILOGIC

SYSTEMS OY

FR2452289B1 13 APPAREIL DE STERILISATION ELECTROLUX AB

DE LIQUIDE

FR2503129B1 17 N/A LOPEZ FERNAND

FR2551989B1 3 SEPARATEUR A MEMBRANE EBARA CORP

FR2573062B1 2 INSTALLATION POUR LE LISZAK JOSEPH

TRAITEMENT DE LIQUIDES,
NOTAMMENT D'EAU,
COMPRENANT UN FILTRE
REGENERABLE ET UN
COMPRESSEUR D'AIR

FR2582536B1 11 DISPOSITIF FRAMATOME

D'ULTRAFILTRATION D'UN
LIQUIDE SOUS PRESSION ET
A HAUTE TEMPERATURE

FR2587233B1 3 APPAREIL DE FILTRATION ET DELTAQUA

DE TRAITEMENT DE FLUIDES
LIQUIDES OU GAZEUX

FR2591214B1 7 DISPOSITIF D'EPURATION LOPEZ FERNAND

D'EAU NOTAMMENT SALEE,
PAR OSMOSE INVERSE
FR2607129B1 2 APPAREILS POUR RENDRE HANNART MARC
POTABLE, PAR
STERILISATION, L'EAU
BRUTE, ET LA DISTRIBUER, A
DIFFERENTES
TEMPERATURES

FR2616771B1 6 DISPOSITIF ET PROCEDE DE GAIGNET YVES

MONTAGE D'UNE
CARTOUCHE MONOBLOC
THERMOSOUDEE OU COLLEE
POUR LA PRODUCTION
D'EAU ULTRAPURE

FR2617155B1 2 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE HYDREX

FILTRATION DE LIQUIDES, EN
PARTICULIER DE FILTRATION
D'EAU BRUTE

FR2628337B1 2 INSTALLATION POUR LA LYONNAISE EAUX

FILTRATION ET L'EPURATION
DE FLUIDES NOTAMMENT DE
LIQUIDES, TELS QUE L'EAU

FR2638100B1 2 APPAREIL POUR LE NALCO FRANCE

TRAITEMENT DES EAUX SARL
FR2644771A1 1 Electromagnetic and thermal BEAUCHARD YVES
water softener with regenerable
filtration

FR2644812A1 1 Autonomous unit for pumping GUERIN PETREMENT

polluted water ensuring GILLES
treatment of the latter in order to
make it potable

FR2655641B1 12 PROCEDE D'OZONATION DE ANJOU RECHERCHE

L'EAU AVEC ACTIVATION PAR
CATALYSE HETEROGENE.

FR2655642B1 13 INSTALLATION DE ANJOU RECH

TRAITEMENT DES EAUX PAR
UNE BOUCLE DE FILTRATION
TANGENTIELLE.

FR2657790A1 5 APPAREIL A MEMBRANE INSTITUT

POUR LA SEPARATION DES ATOMNOGO
SOLUTIONS. ENERGETICHESKO

FR2665893B1 2 APPAREILS DE SAFOG SARL

CONDITIONNEMENT DE
FLUIDES DONT LES EFFETS
SE REGULENT
AUTOMATIQUEMENT EN
FONCTION DU DEBIT.
FR2666245B1 15 PROCEDE DE COMMANDE LYONNAISE EAUX|
DES MODES DE DEGREMONT SA
FONCTIONNEMENT D'UN
APPAREIL AUTOMATIQUE DE
FILTRATION D'EAU SUR
MEMBRANES TUBULAIRES.

FR2682615B1 2 APPAREILS DE TRAITEMENT SAFOG

DE FLUIDES PAR CHAMPS
ELECTROMAGNETIQUES
DONT LES EFFETS SONT
REGULES
AUTOMATIQUEMENT EN
FONCTION DU DEBIT
INSTANTANE.

FR2684094B1 2 PROCEDE DE TRAITEMENT SOGEVAL

D'EFFLUENTS AQUEUX PAR
ULTRAFILTRATION
TANGENTIELLE
BIOASSISTEE.

FR2697446B1 4 Procédé de traitement d'un AQUASOURCE

fluide contenant des matières
en suspension et en solution,
par utilisation de membranes de
séparation.
FR2713220B1 12 Installation de potabilisation de OMNIUM
l'eau à membranes filtrantes TRAITEMENT
immergées. VALORISA

FR2723856B1 6 MEMBRANE DE FIBRE TOYO BOSEKI KK

CREUSE COMPOSITE ET
PROCEDE POUR SA
FABRICATION.

FR2725710B1 2 DISPOSITIF DE VINGOT ROGER

DESSALEMENT D'EAU DE GERMAIN
MER

FR2737483A1 2 DISPOSITIF PERFECTIONNE SOCIETE DE

DE TRAITEMENT D'EAU PAR MECANIQUE DE L
IRRADIATION HERS
ULTRAVIOLETTE

FR2751336B1 6 POLYPHENOLS LINEAIRES, COGEMA

LEUR PROCEDE DE COMPAGNIE
PREPARATION, AGENTS GENERALE DES
COMPLEXANTS ET PROCEDE MATIERES
POUR SEPARER LE SODIUM NUCLEAIRES
DU CESIUM D'EFFLUENTS
AQUEUX

FR2755296A1 10 Water treatment using an ultra- TOSHIBA KK

violet lamp with no electrode
FR2760445B1 2 PROCEDE DE TRAITEMENT LYONNAISE EAUX
D'EAU CONTENANT DES ECLAIRAGE
IMPURETES ORGANIQUES ET
DES MICROORGANISMES

FR2761617A1 1 MEMBRANES DE FLUID SYSTEMS

SEPARATION SELECTIVE CORP

FR2766811B1 6 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF PROCOAT

POUR LE TRAITEMENT DES TECHNOLOGIES
EAUX DE LAVAGE EN
PROVENANCE DE SAUCES
DE COUCHAGE

FR2772742B1 10 PROCEDE DE SEPARATION COMPAGNIE

DE METAUX PAR GENERALE DES
ULTRAFILTRATION MATIERES
MICELLAIRE, UTILISABLE NUCLEAIRES
POUR LE TRAITEMENT
D'EFFLUENTS RADIOACTIFS

FR2774309B1 2 PROCEDE ET INSTALLATION MARINZET BERNARD

DE FILTRATION D'UN LIQUIDE
UTILISANT UN DISPOSITIF DE
FILTRATION A MEMBRANE
FR2780718B1 2 DISPOSITIF DE CONTROLE CYTHELIA
DE SYSTEMES DE
POTABILISATION D'EAU SANS
ADJONCTION CHIMIQUE

FR2784304B3 12 FILTRE POUR PISCINE APLISTER SA

FR2784983B1 2 AMENAGEMENT D'ESPACES ELODEE SARL

DE BAIGNADE A EPURATION
BIOLOGIQUE
FR2786176A1 2 DISPOSITIF POUR PORTE PHILIPPE
ENTRETENIR L'EAU DES
PISCINES CHLOREES, POUR
REDUIRE LES EMISSIONS DE
TRICHLORURE D'AZOTE ET
CHLOROHALOGENES DANS
L'AIR DE CES PISCINES ET
REDUIRE LA FORMATION
D'ORGANO-CHLORES DANS
L'EAU DE CES PISCINES

FR2790040B1 5 POMPE VOLUMETRIQUE 2M

DOUBLE ROTATIVE
DIFFERENTIELLE ET
DISPOSITIF DE TRAITEMENT
D'UNE COMPOSITION
LIQUIDE PAR OSMOSE
INVERSE

FR2794452A1 1 DESSALEMENT D'EAU DE KLIMIS PAUL

MER PAR OSMOSE INVERSE
AU MOYEN DE LA
GRAVITATION

FR2797439B1 2 DISPOSITIF DE PRODUCTION GROUPE MAILLOT

D'EAU POTABLE PAR
ULTRAFILTRATION

FR2799391B1 2 PERFECTIONNEMENTS DEGREMONT

APPORTES AUX
EQUIPEMENTS DE
SEPARATION SOLIDE/LIQUIDE
NOTAMMENT POUR
L'EPURATION BIOLOGIQUE

FR2799456B1 5 DISPOSITIF DE TRAITEMENT LEU SHENG I

DE L'EAU DESTINE A
AUGMENTER LA SOLUBILITE
DE L'OXYGENE DANS L'EAU
POTABLE ULTRA PURE
FR2800367B1 5 PROCEDE POUR ELIMINER AIR LIQUIDE
LES PARTICULES SOLIDES ELECTRONICS SYS
NOTAMMENT DE SILICE
ET/OU D'ALUMINE
D'EFFLUENTS AQUEUX

FR2809636A1 27 PROCEDE DE CONTROLE DE VIVENDI

L'INTEGRITE D'UN MODULE,
OU D'UN SYSTEME DE
MODULES, DE
NANOFILTRATION OU
D'OSMOSE INVERSE

FR2811315A1 1 Reverse osmosis water DUFLOS MICHEL

purification apparatus does not
discharge or recycle water
passing across membrane but
accumulates it for directing
forcefully at membrane to
remove impurities

FR2812218B1 9 PROCEDE POUR AMELIORER EASTMAN KODAK

LE FONCTIONNEMENT D'UNE CO
MEMBRANE D'UN DISPOSITIF
DE NANOFILTRATION

FR2816851A1 4 PERFECTIONNEMENTS AQUASOURCE

APPORTES AU PROCEDES
DE REPARATION PAR
OBTURATION DES FIBRES
CREUSES DES MEMBRANES,
NOTAMMENT D'ULTRA-,
NANO- ET HYPER-FILTRATION

FR2818967A1 1 DISPOSITIF DE RECYCLAGE EVATEX

DES EAUX CHARGEES EN
SAUMURE ET EN POLLUANTS
ORGANIQUES
FR2821347A1 1 SYSTEME DE TRAITEMENT VANLAER FLUIDES
DE SOLUTION AQUEUSE PAR ET AUTOMATION
MEMBRANE ET
FERMENTATION

FR2827853A1 2 Device for filtering water to allow GOETGHELUCK

normal commercial water bottles MICHEL
to be used as a feed storage for
water to be purified and as a
receiver for the filtered water

FR2828116A1 9 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE ONDEO

CONTROLE DE L'INTEGRITE DEGREMONT
DES MODULES DE
FILTRATION MEMBRANAIRE

FR2829485B1 4 PROCEDE DE TRAITEMENT ALGOTEC INTERNAT

D'UN EFFLUENT TEL QU'UN
EFFLUENT AGRICOLE OU UN
EFFLUENT INDUSTRIEL, PAR
DIGESTION ANAEROBIE

FR2845082B1 6 MODULE DE PURIFICATION MILLIPORE CORP

D'UN FLUIDE, NOTAMMENT
D'EAU
FR2845605B1 13 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF GAMBRO LUNDIA AB
POUR LA PREPARATION EN
LIGNE DE LIQUIDE POUR UN
APPAREIL DESTINE AU
TRAITEMENT
EXTRACORPOREL DU SANG

FR2852310B1 14 PROCEDE ET SYSTEME DE MILLIPORE CORP

PURIFICATION D'EAU, AINSI
QUE MODULE POUR UN TEL
SYSTEME

FR2854624A1 3 Swimming pools water sterilizing POMES DARRE

and mixing device, has micro-
droplets of pulsed air
incorporated to siliceous sand
bed with specific thickness and
located at bottom of swimming
pool

FR2856052B1 2 DISPOSITIF POUR EPURER NAVARRE FRANCOIS

DES EAUX RICHES EN MICRO PIERRE|BAYARD
POLLUANTS YVES

FR2859720A1 1 Water treatment procedure and LE BOZEC

apparatus uses chemical FILTRATION ET
compound to precipitate SYSTEME
minerals and pressurization to
pass through filter attached to
container

FR2859989B1 6 DISPOSITIF DE SCI RHODES

DESIONISATION DE INNOVATION
SOLUTIONS SALINES
FR2860783B1 2 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE ODOST
MATURATION DU PH D'UNE LABORATOIRE
EAU

FR2868064B1 2 INSTALLATION DE OTV SA SA

TRAITEMENT DES EAUX
COMPRENANT UNE CUVE DE
MISE EN CONTACT DES EAUX
AVEC UN REACTIF
PULVERULENT ET AVEC UN
REACTIF FLOCULANT OU
COAGULANT, ET PROCECE
CORRESPONDANT

FR2868415B1 2 PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF COMPAGNIE

PERMETTANT DE INDUSTRIELLE DE
DESINFECTER UN LIQUIDE FILTRATION ET
AU MOYEN D'UN DEQUIPEMENT
TRAITEMENT DE CHIMIQUE CIFEC SA
DESINFECTION AUX
ULTRAVIOLETS EN
REMPLACEMENT DE L'OZONE

FR2880014B1 2 APPAREIL DE TRAITEMENT TOURASSE ANDRE

D'EAU MODULABLE PRINCIPE
UV

FR2889181B1 2 PROCEDE ET INSTALLATION VILLEGAS MANUEL

AUTOMATIQUE PERMETTANT ANTOINE
DE TRAITER DES EAUX
SOUILLEES AFIN DE
POUVOIR LES REUTILISER
FR2894244B1 2 DISPOSITIF PERMETTANT DE SPANGENBERG
FILTRER ET PURIFIER L'EAU HENRI|
APRES SA SORTIE DU SPANGENBERG
ROBINET, POUR LES FREDERIC|LAROCHE
BESOINS ALIMENTAIRES DES INACHOS
USAGERS

FR2894245B1 3 UNITE COMPACTE INFILCO SAS SOC

MEMBRANAIRE DE PAR ACTIONS SI
TRAITEMENT D'EAU

FR2895917A1 1 Domestic autonomous DEPERROIS

apparatus for water-purification VINCENT|
comprises water treatment cell DEPERROIS
with an inlet, concentrate and MARGUERITE
filtrate outlet, pump, removable
water-treating tank, extraction
opening and unit to control
pump operation
FR2902666A1 1 Separating crystalline solute CHING GIL
from solution by evaporation and
condensation, e.g. for
desalination of sea water,
includes spraying starting
solution as microdroplets to
accelerate evaporation

FR2902782B1 2 PROCEDE DE PURIFICATION GEOPACK IND

D'EAU, MODULE DE
FILTRATION ET INSTALLATION
CORRESPONDANTE

FR2904236B1 2 INSTALLATION DE ISB WATER SARL

TRAITEMENT D'UNE EAU

FR2904978B3 2 DISPOSITIF MOBILE ET LADOUCE DENIS

MODULABLE DE FILTRATION,
STERILISATION ET MISE EN
PRESSION DE L'EAU DE
PLUIE APRES SON
STOCKAGE.
FR2912321B1 5 ENSEMBLE DE MODULES OTV SA
MEMBRANAIRES
D'ULTRAFILTRATION OU DE
MICROFILTRATION,MODULE
MEMBRANAIRE,CONSTRUCTI
ON ET PROCEDE DE
MAINTENANCE
CORRESPONDANTS

FR2924952B1 2 SYSTEME DE MARCHAND JEAN

POTABILISATION D'EAU,PAR JACQUES
ENERGIE RENOUVELABLE ET
FILTRATION SUR MEMBRANE

FR2937031A1 1 Photocatalytic composition, NEOFORMULA

useful e.g. for the purification of CONSULTING DEV
water for swimming pools and
interior and exterior pond,
comprises a solution of
photocatalytic titanium dioxide
and solution of silica
FR2945037B1 2 UNITE DE TRAITEMENT CAPTAGE
DESTINEE PLUS NEUTRALISATION
PARTICULIEREMENT AU
TRAITEMENT DE L'EAU
BRUTE PROVENANT D'UNE
OU PLUSIEURS CHAMBRES
DE CAPTAGE ET PROCEDE
DE REGULATION DE LADITE
UNITE

FR2946432B1 2 PROCEDE D'ANALYSE D'UNE OTV SA

EAU EN VUE D'EN
DETERMINER LA TENEUR EN
POLLUANTS DISSOUS, ET
INSTALLATION
CORRESPONDANTE

FR2957273A1 3 Liquid i.e. water, filtering device, DEGREMONT

has interface that is changed
when changing type of filtering
modules, while valves system
and assembly of modules are
unchanged, except when
changing type of modules

FR2961714A1 1 MODULE DE FILTRATION AQUA TOOLS

D'EAU
GB1009172A 5 High flow semi-permeable UNIVERSITY
membranes for separating water CALIFORNIA
from saline solutions

GB1063244A 11 Improvements relating to LLOYD AND HILLMAN

microporous media and LTD
processes for preparing the
same

GB1112550A 6 Improvements relating to RECH S TECH ET IND

utilising the osmotic pressure of SRTI SOC D
a solution
GB1148936A 10 Improvements in or relating to GULF GENERAL
separation apparatus ATOMIC INC

GB1197572A 1 Improved Semi-Permeable MARSTON

Membrane EXCELSIOR LTD

GB1217054A 9 IMPROVEMENTS IN OR BABCOCK & WILCOX

RELATING TO REVERSE LTD
OSMOSIS FILTER APPARATUS

GB1250482A 1 N/A n/a

GB1297650A 9 N/A n/a

GB131488A 1 An Improved Water Filter, DESRUMAUX HENRY
Softener and Sterilizer.

GB1320429A 5 PROCESS AND APPARATUS ISRAEL PRIME

FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS MINISTERS OFFICE

GB1322602A 1 WATER TREATMENT GOTTENBUSCH A|

APPARATUS TAFEL H

GB1326490A 5 REVERSE OSMOSIS HERCULES INC

MEMBRANES AND
DESALINATION OF WATER
THEREWITH

GB1372511A 14 APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING TORAY INDUSTRIES

WATER INC
GB1377424A 8 SYSTEM FOR REVERSED WAVIN BV
OSMOSIS

GB1383365A 9 TREATMENT OF AN PPG INDUSTRIES

ELECTRODEPOSITION BATH INC

GB1420121A 13 PROCESS FOR EASTMAN KODAK

MANUFACTURING REVERSE CO
OSMOSIS MEMBRANES

GB1424046A 9 METHOD OF FABRICATION OF COMMISSARIAT

A POROUS ENERGIE ATOMIQUE
MACROMOLECULAR
MATERIAL

GB1440316A 1 FILTRATION EQUIPMENT FILTRATION WATER

TREATMENT ENG
GB1455299A 12 SELF-PROPELLED OR WATER LINE SA
PORTABLE INSTALLATION
FOR THE PREPARATION OF
CLOSED PACKS OR
CONTAINERS FOR
DISTRIBUTION CONTAINING
DRINKING WATER WITH
OPTIONALLY ALIMENTARY OF
MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES
FOR USE IN THE EVENT OF
MAJOR DISASTER RIOTS AND
POLLUTION

GB1491833A 6 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOREMOST

FOR PURIFYING AND MCKESSON
DISPENSING WATER

GB1498449A 4 SEMIPERMEABLE ATOMIC ENERGY

MEMBRANE SEPARATION AUTHORITY UK
APPARATUS

GB1526687A 11 APPARATUS FOR SACHS

ELECTROLYTIC WATER SYSTEMTECHNIK
TREATMENT GMBH

GB1526843A 17 PROCESS FOR THE SUMITOMO

PRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL CO
SEMIPERMEABLE
MEMBRANES
GB1546409A 4 UNIT FOR TREATING WATER VITCO PATENS AG

GB1589763A 1 DESALINATION DEVICE SECR DEFENCE

GB191594A 1 Improvements in apparatus for HENRY JAMES

use in softening, sterilizing or MAGRATH
otherwise treating water

GB2022979A 4 Purifying water by ultra violet ULTRA DYNAMICS

irradiation CORP
GB203713A 1 Improvements in and relating to JACQUES DUCLAUX
membranes for ultra filtration
and dialysis

GB2038307A 26 Water purification equipment XHONNEUX G

GB2049380A 10 METHOD OF PURIFYING MARUI INDUSTRY

WATER IN FISH KEEPING CO LTD
WATER TANK

GB2131009A 1 Water treatment LU KOU HSU

GB2145709A 6 Membrane system for water IONICS

purification
GB2186549A 2 Ultra violet sterilising system for STILL & SONS LTD W
water dispenser M

GB2197860A 2 Apparatus for and the method of COLLENTRO

water purification WILLIAM V

GB2207367A 3 WATER PURIFICATION PERMUTIT COMPANY

METHOD AND APPARATUS LTD THE

GB2229379A 4 Distillation separation WANG YING|YANG QI

membrane and method for LIAN|YANG QI LIAN|
membrane distillation separation YANG QI LIAN|YANG
QI LIAN

GB2237488A 9 APPARATUS FOR TREATING MALCOLM

WATER WITH UV RADIATION GOODSON

GB2238531A 2 Nitrate removing domestic water BYRD MARION O

purifier NEAL|DAVIS LINDA
ANN|DAVIS HOWARD
JOHN
GB2238532A 2 Drinking water purifier SAMSON IND CO LTD

GB2257375A 7 APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING DOMNICK HUNTER

WATER LTD

GB2264883B 1 BRINE RECYCLING METHOD TOKIWA CO LTD

AND AN APPARATUS
THEREFOR

GB2271106A 4 Treatment apparatus for BATTEN MARK

improving the quality of drinking VIVIAN
water by filtration and
disinfection

GB2309876A 9 TREATING WATER USING PET MATE LTD

ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION

GB2311999A 5 Electrodialysis using ion- ELGA GROUP

depleted water SERVICES LTD

GB2338910A 4 MEMBRANE SEPARATION MEMBRANE

INVOLVING A TWO-PHASE EXTRACTION
FLUID TECHNOLOGY LTD
GB2350357A 2 WATER TREATMENT PATRICIA
APPARATUS ROSEMARY HYNES

GB2357320A 10 ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE CALDER LTD

GB2359073A 7 Fluid treatment comprising SNOWBALL

vibration of a filter media MALCOLM ROBERT

GB2368807A 3 Filter system E R E FILTRATION

LTD

GB2377898A 5 A domestic water filtration SODA CLUB

system
GB2393922A 2 A filter system CASE ANDREW
CHARLES

GB2394678A 3 A solution rich in magnesium ALTMANN THOMAS|

chloride (MgCl2) produced from KENNY CONOR|
seawater. ATTENBOROUGH
ANTHONY

GB2395946A 3 Extracting sodium chloride from ALTMANN THOMAS|

seawater, using nanofiltration ATTENBOROUGH
ANTHONY|KENNY
CONOR

GB2399039B2 3 Process for removing MEMBRANE

undissociated organic acids or EXTRACTION
bases dissolved in a fluid stream TECHNOLOGY LTD

GB2404189A1 1 Cleaning produced water by CLEAN WATER

combined ozonation and uv- SYSTEMS LTD
oxidation

GB2406708A1 1 Water storage and cooling STRIX LTD

apparatus
GB2408276A1 1 Downhole desalination of aquifer SHELL
water INTERNATIONALE
RESEARCH
MAATSCHAPPIJ BV

GB2411136A 2 A filtered water dispenser MONTEIRO ANDRE

FRASER

GB2414474A 5 Device for purifying fluids, in BW TECHNOLOGIES

particular water LTD

GB2419589A 2 Device to filter fluid and treat HELMORE IAN

with ultraviolet light STEWART

GB2443802A 2 Thermal desalination plant L E T LEADING EDGE

integrated upgrading process TECHNOLOGIE
and apparatus
GB2444709A 2 Device and methods for the LITHERLAND
desalination of brackish water DONALD

GB2448974A 7 Filter cartridge media retention BHA GROUP INC

system

GB2451008A 3 A desalination apparatus BP EXPLORATION

disposed in an injection well OPERATING|BP
CORP NORTH
AMERICA INC

GB2452341A 2 An ultra violet disinfection lamp HANOVIA LTD

GB2453355A 3 A portable water cleaning device CHEN CHIANG-PEI

GB2460871A 2 Flushing a reverse osmosis GRAHAM WILLIAM

membrane
GB2467131A 2 Ultra Violet Swimming Pool Filter PIMLOTT DEAN

GB2471499A 3 Reverse Osmosis Water WHITE ADRIAN

Treatment System EDWIN

GB247231A 1 Improvements relating to QUARZLAMPEN GES

irradiation apparatus, for treating MIT BESCHRAENK
fluids with ultra-violet rays

GB2472609A 2 Filter means for connection with BURKE

a tap CHRISTOPHER
RICHARD

GB2473256A 3 A water filtration container with PRITCHARD

brace member MICHAEL

GB2473836A 2 Water filter GRIFFITH JOHN

GB295529A 1 Improvements in and relating to JOSEF MUCHKA
water purifying apparatus

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apparatus

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CO

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device
US2380800 1 Water treatment SMITH HOWARD V|
SMITH MARGARET C

US2456524 1 Apparatus suitable for use in the HOWARD D

treatment of water containing MEINCKE SR
chlorides dissolved therein

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treatment of feed water or other J
liquids

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CO

US3262878 1 Method and apparatus for GEN SERVICE

continuously monitoring water COMPANY
being treated to remove turbidity
therefrom

US3266630 8 Apparatus for purifying water WALTER B HOBBS|

RALPH K BALL|
WATSON D
HARBAUGH

US3357563 4 Apparatus for treating water AMERICAN MACH &

FOUNDRY
US3386912 1 Desalination of sea water PURAQ COMPANY

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MCPHERREN

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TREATMENT APPARATUS

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SOLUTIONS RESEARCH INC

US3498909 1 DESALINATION APPARATUS MC DONNELL

AND PROCESS DOUGLAS CORP

US3517811 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS SHELL OIL CO

FOR FILTERING
SUBMICROSCOPIC SOLID
PARTICLES FROM A FLUID
CARRIER

US3545619 5 WATER TREATMENT PLANT NEPTUNE

MICROFLOC INC
US3556350 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS CREST INDUSTRIES
FOR TREATING AND INC
SUPPLYING WATER

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APPARATUS PURIFYING
COMPANY

US3617553 6 CATALYST ULTRAFILTRATION BRITISH

PROCESS PETROLEUM
COMPANY LTD THE

US3632505 12 EVAPORATION-REVERSE STONE & WEBSTER

OSMOSIS WATER ENG CORP
DESALINATION SYSTEM
US3633748 1 PORTABLE WATER-TREATING CREST INDUSTRIES
APPARATUS INC

US3638795 8 POWER HOOD PRECISION VALVE

CORP

US3639231 1 DESALINATION PROCESS BRESLER AND

ASSOCIATES INC

US3644202 1 COLLAGEN MEMBRANES FOR WILLARD S HIGLEY

REVERSE OSMOSIS
DESALINATION

US3649493 1 PROCESS OF PURIFYING MIDWEST

WATER WITH ACTIVE RESEARCH
HALOGEN COMPOUND AND INSTITUTE
ACTINI RADIATIONS

US3656991 2 PROCESS OF TREATING E I DU PONT DE

WATER SWELLABLE NEMOURS AND
CELLULOSIC MATERIALS COMPANY
US3661262 1 FILTRATION AND OCEANOGRAPHY
CIRCULATION SYSTEM FOR MARICULTURE
MAINTAINING WATER INDUSTRIES INC
QUALITY IN MARICULTURE
TANK

US3662046 1 METHOD OF MAKING US INTERIOR

REVERSE OSMOSIS
MEMBRANES FOR
DESALINATION OF WATER

US3669879 15 FLUID SEPARATION DRESSER

APPARATUS AND METHOD INDUSTRIES INC

US3684094 2 LIQUID TREATMENT SYSTEM WESTINGHOUSE

FOR HIGH pH WATER ELECTRIC CORP

US3688911 1 WATER TREATMENT WILLIAM BAERG

APPARATUS
US3695434 1 PURIFICATION WHITTEN JR
GEORGE R

US3730959 2 FABRICATION OF HIGH UNITED STATES OF

PRESSURE SEALS FOR AMERICA AS
WATER EQUILIBRATED FIBER REPRESENTED BY
BUNDLES THE SECRETARY OF
THE INTERIOR THE

US3756408 7 SEPARATION SYSTEM OSMONICS INC

US3774763 8 WATER PURIFICATION CULLIGAN

SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL
COMPANY

US3780867 1 WATER PURIFICATION H N INDUSTRIES INC

APPARATUS AND CARTRIDGE
THEREFOR
US3784008 1 OZONATING APPARATUS FOR MOODY AQUAMATIC
DRINKING WATER SYSTEMS INC

US3791790 1 PORTABLE PURIFICATION INTERTECH CORP

DEVICE FOR FLUIDS

US3794172 1 STORAGE AND DISPENSING DESALINATION

APPARATUS FOR A REVERSE SYSTEMS INC
OSMOSIS WATER
PURIFICATION SYSTEM

US3794173 1 VALVE FOR REVERSE DESALINATION

OSMOSIS PURIFICATION AND SYSTEMS INC
STORAGE SYSTEM

US3802563 3 WATER PURIFYING DEVICE MATSUSHITA

ELECTRIC
INDUSTRIAL CO LTD

US3821108 4 REVERSE OSMOSIS OR MANJIKIAN S

ULTRAFILTRATION MODULE
US3823824 1 PORTABLE DRINKING WATER CLOSE S
PURIFIER

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DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM GOSSETT C

US3846295 1 METHOD AND APPARATUS ULTRASCIENCE INC

FOR USE IN WATER
PURIFICATION BY REVERSE
OSMOSIS

US3847652 12 METHOD OF PREPARING NASA

WATER PURIFICATION
MEMBRANES

US3850762 1 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BOEING COMPANY

AN ANODIC ALUMINUM OXIDE THE
MEMBRANE

US3872013 15 BACTERICIDAL WATER MATSUSHITA

PURIFIER FOR ELECTRIC
DECHLORINATED WATER INDUSTRIAL
COMPANY
US3872014 7 Membrane separation apparatus AEROJET-GENERAL
CORP

US3893920 13 Membrane separation DORR-OLIVER INC

equipment

US3894166 12 Integral reverse osmosis EASTMAN KODAK

membrane with highly pressed COMPANY
woven fabric support member

US3912624 1 Cleaning of membrane surfaces UNIVERSAL OIL

PRODUCTS
COMPANY

US3923663 2 Fluid purification device REID WILLIAM P

US3935172 2 Regular copolyamides as UNITED STATES OF
desalination membranes AMERICA AS
REPRESENTED BY
THE SECRETARY OF
THE INTERIOR THE

US3950253 12 Domestic water filtration DYNEK CORP

apparatus

US3962158 4 Hydrophilic polymer membranes DIRECTOR-GENERAL

of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan OF THE AGENCY OF
INDUSTRIAL
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

US3971338 1 Aquarium apparatus SEA LIFE EXHIBITS

INC

US3983843 1 Aquarium water treatment JOHNSON B RONALD

apparatus

US3990968 1 Means for increasing the flow DESARES STIFTUNG

across a reverse osmosis FUR FORDERUNG
membrane using an alternating DER FORSCHUNG
electric field ZUR ENTSALZUNG
DES WASSERS

US3993517 1 Thin cell electromembrane UNITED STATES OF

separator AMERICA AS
REPRESENTED BY
THE SECRETARY OF
THE INTERIOR THE
US4021343 3 Water purifier TYLER TRUMAN V

US4025425 18 Purification apparatus DRESSER

INDUSTRIES INC

US4036749 1 Purification of saline water ANDERSON DONALD

R

US4039438 1 Biological denitrification of water ANDERSON DONALD

R

US4042509 1 Water treatment system BDH INC(ENTIRE)

US4046685 2 Simultaneous production of DESALINATION
multiple grades of purified water SYSTEMS INC
by reverse osmosis

US4049550 1 Water filtration module OBIDNIAK LOUIS

US4051034 15 System for water disinfection COCA-COLA

COMPANY THE

US4053403 25 Method of treating and BACHHOFER

degerminating bath water, BRUNO|LOCHER
particularly bath water ANTON|SKIRDE
contaminated by the germ bact. GERHARD|
pseudomonas pyocanea, in QUISTORFF
medical tub-baths and HANSJORG
underwater massage baths

US4054526 14 Pressurized water treatment MULLER JACQUES

bottle
US4059522 1 Apparatus for purifying water IODINAMICS CORP

US4066551 1 Portable water filtration device DYNEK CORP

US4069153 1 Method of destroying pyrogens AMERICAN

STERILIZER
COMPANY

US4078112 35 Coating modification process for UNION CARBIDE

ultrafiltration systems CORP

US4086215 7 Crosslinked organic polyamide TORAY INDUSTRIES

or polyhydrazine permselective INC
polymeric membranes

US4092242 26 Waste water purification system REDUX CORP THE

US4094779 1 Water purification means and BEHRMAN ABRAHAM
method S

US4100064 16 Purification of water by reverse UNITED KINGDOM

osmosis using a supported ATOMIC ENERGY
semi-permeable membrane AUTHORITY

US4110219 1 Reverse osmosis water unit MAPLES PAUL

DOUGLAS

US4111810 2 Desalination reverse osmotic SHIN-ETSU

membranes and their CHEMICAL
preparation COMPANY

US4113613 23 Method of improving the SULZER BROTHERS

operation of backwashable fixed LTD
beds formed of granular
materials

US4116827 6 Water purification methods INTERNATIONAL

TELEPHONE AND
TELEGRAPH CORP
US4125463 1 Reverse osmosis desalination CHENOWETH JAMES
apparatus and method W

US4141825 1 Desalination process system STONE & WEBSTER

and by-product recovery ENGINEERING CORP

US4151085 1 Water purification system MALIK LIONEL W

US4151092 1 Portable water filter TELEDYNE

INDUSTRIES INC

US4152262 1 Filtration and purification ROSE JACK G

apparatus
US4160727 1 Method and apparatus utilizing FOREMOST-
staged reverse osmosis units for MCKESSON INC
purifying and dispensing water

US4160738 1 Water purification device and GUTER GERALD A

system

US4161446 2 Process for the treatment of COILLET DUDLEY W

ground water

US4169789 9 Process and apparatus for PERMO SA

purifying sea water by reverse
osmosis

US4176063 10 Water purifier system and valve BEALL JR RICHARD

W|SPRAGUE
ROBERT B|FAVARA
LOUIS J|GAUSEWITZ
CARR &
ROTHENBERG
US4179616 8 Apparatus for sanitizing liquids THETFORD CORP
with ultra-violet radiation and
ozone

US4189363 2 Process of producing ozone in STUART

water ENTERPRISES

US4212743 1 Filter UNIVERSAL WATER

SYSTEMS INC

US4214962 1 Activated oxygen product and PINCON ANDREW J

water treatment using same

US4218317 1 Reverse osmosis water purifier KIRSCHMANN JOHN

D

US4230571 1 Ozone/ultraviolet water DADD ROBERT C

purification
US4235678 1 Solar powered water MCKEEN JOSEPH E
desalination system with a
regenerative fixture

US4235714 1 Hydrophilic polyamide film for SUNTECH INC

semipermeable membranes

US4243523 10 Water purification process and ALLIED WATER

system CORP

US4244817 4 Process for producing NIPPON ZEON CO

semipermeable membrane LTD

US4255937 1 Atmospheric water collector EHRLICH RICHARD

US4265713 25 Method and apparatus for INTERNATIONAL

distillation POWER
TECHNOLOGY INC
US4271015 1 Water treatment apparatus MOORE ROGER S

US4274970 1 Method and apparatus for BEITZEL STUART W

treating water

US4276176 1 Water purification system SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING &
MANUFACTURING
CORP

US4276177 4 High efficiency filtration with VAPONICS INC

impurity concentration and
ultrafiltration rejection flow
recirculation

US4277332 7 Water purifier GELMAN SCIENCES

INC
US4290987 30 Process for preparing CELANESE CORP
microporous hollow fibers

US4292417 5 Semipermeable membrane DAICEL LTD

US4298467 1 Water treatment system PANLMATIC

COMPANY

US4312754 19 Portable water purifier especially SEB SA

for domestic use

US4322291 1 Water-dispensers HO KUO SHENG

US4333832 19 Rotating solution separation SIWECKI THOMAS L

system
US4335576 4 Wave energy desalinization HOPFE HAROLD H

US4336223 3 Ultraviolet method for HILLMAN LEON

disinfection and sterilization of
fluids

US4341629 1 Means for desalination of water SAND AND SEA

through reverse osmosis INDUSTRIES INC

US4347133 6 Electromagnetic ground water BRIGANTE MIGUEL F

conditioning system and
sampling device for waste water
and fermentation makeup water

US4367140 9 Reverse osmosis liquid SYKES OCEAN

purification apparatus WATER LTD
US4369116 42 Liquid filtration method KLEIN MAX

US4382862 5 Bacteria-removing cartridge and ILLINOIS WATER

preparatory process TREATMENT
COMPANY

US4388192 4 Process and a device for CINDERELLA AB

purifying water

US4392959 1 Process for sterilization and COILLET DUDLEY W

removal of inorganic salts from a
water stream

US4419235 1 Gravity fed water treatment SWAY BORIS

apparatus

US4434057 7 Water purification utilizing plural HAGER & ELSASSER

semipermeable membrane GMBH
stages
US4438337 7 Apparatus for the purification of COMMISSARIAT A
water by ultraviolet radiation LENERGIE
ATOMIQUE

US4441996 1 Apparatus for producing bacteria HURST RICHARD F

free drinking water

US4443336 1 Survival and water purification BENNETHUM MARY L

system

US4454044 2 Water treatment process KLEIN MAX

US4477347 1 Portable water purifier SYLVA FRANCIS W

US4482809 6 Ultraviolet fluid purifying device TROJAN

TECHNOLOGIES INC
US4512886 2 Wave-powered desalination of UNIVERSITY OF
water DELAWARE

US4517084 1 Activated air and ion exchange PINCON ANDREW J

treatment of water

US4518503 8 Water purification method and INTERCONTINENTAL

device WATER CORP

US4528093 1 Method and apparatus for WATER MARKETERS

purifying and dispensing water INC

US4530120 10 Methods and apparatus for ETANI KENJI

bathing
US4547289 11 Filtration apparatus using hollow OHMORY AKIO
fiber membrane

US4571953 1 Combined refrigerator and water CARUSO LOUIS F

filtration unit

US4572785 1 Water purifier unit BRAATEN MELVIN

US4574049 19 Reverse osmosis system ARROWHEAD

INDUSTRIAL WATER
INC

US4592768 1 Apparatus and process for CHICAGO BRIDGE &

desalination combining freeze IRON COMPANY
concentration, centrifugation,
and reverse osmosis

US4594154 1 Self-contained device for CFEC

sterilizing water
US4595498 1 Water-polishing loop THOMSON
COMPONENTS-
MOSTEK CORP

US4595500 13 Filter for purifying drinkable and GALBIATI MAURO

non-drinkable water

US4609466 11 Portable water purification NATURES SUNSHINE

system PRODUCTS|
PALOMBO LOUIS A

US4609471 1 Laser disinfection of fluids AUTOTROL CORP

enhanced by gas bubbles

US4615799 4 Water purification and J MORTENSEN &

sterilization system COMPANY LTD
US4623467 1 Water purifying and vending INTERNATIONAL
apparatus MANUFACTURING
AND WATER
VENDING COMPANY

US4637783 18 Fluid motor-pumping apparatus SRI INTERNATIONAL

and method for energy recovery

US4645601 2 Quick change reverse osmosis EVERPURE INC

assembly

US4653429 1 Process and apparatus for ONEILL JUDITH

preparation of bivalves for
human consumption

US4654142 11 Filtering system EVERPURE INC

US4655814 1 Waterways treatment SIMPSON BOBBY R
composition and method

US4659483 10 Method of and a means for NETZSCH-

feeding material to a filtering MOHNOPUMPEN
apparatus GMBH

US4661264 4 Laser disinfection of liquids AUTOTROL CORP

US4672113 9 Process for purifying aqueous HOECHST AG

distillation residues during the
treatment of liquids in the
preparation of cellulose ethers

US4673513 2 Process for chlorination of POWELL JR

swimming pools JONATHAN S
US4678587 1 Water distillation method VOINCHE JACK L|
MARTIEN JAMES C

US4680116 11 Water purifier apparatus MATSUSHITA

ELECTRIC
INDUSTRIAL CO LTD

US4681677 2 Water processor having OLIN CORP

automatic shutoff and bypass
means

US4683054 1 Appliance for purifying water TURNBULL WILLIAM

E

US4695379 4 Water treatment apparatus INNOVA/PURE

WATER INC

US4695383 14 Permselective membrane TOYO BOSEKI KK

US4713175 4 Water purifier comprising stages NIMBUS WATER
mounted side-by-side to unitary SYSTEMS INC
header

US4716120 11 Stable allergenic extracts and MINNESOTA MINING

methods AND
MANUFACTURING
COMPANY

US4724079 1 Water purification process SALE GLORIA

STEPHAN

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US4735717 1 Spiral wound pressure IONICS INC

membrane module

US4742231 7 Radiation sensor HANOVIA LTD

US4744220 2 Thermoelectric heating and/or KERNER JAMES M|
cooling system using liquid for PALMER CARL|
heat exchange TOFFEL PAUL

US4749489 1 Polyphosphazene UNITED STATES OF

semipermeable membranes AMERICA AS
REPRESENTED BY
THE UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF
ENERGY THE

US4752401 1 Water treatment system for SAFE WATER

swimming pools and potable SYSTEMS
water INTERNATIONAL INC

US4753728 4 Water filter AMWAY CORP

US4755298 1 Process for removing boron ions DOW CHEMICAL

from aqueous solutions COMPANY THE
US4757205 5 Ultraviolet water treatment ARLAT INC
apparatus

US4758320 8 Process and apparatus for CENTRE NATIONAL

separation of solid particles or DE LA RECHERCHE
macromolecules in solution by SCIENTIFIQUE
electrofiltration (CNRS)

US4758343 9 Interfacially synthesized reverse TORAY INDUSTRIES

osmosis membrane INC

US4759844 3 Portable water purification AQUATHIN CORP

system

US4764271 1 Water treatment apparatus ACOSTA WILLIAM A

US4764278 1 Process for reducing the SHELL OIL COMPANY
concentration of haloorganic
compounds in water

US4767544 6 Orally operable water filter RIG DESIGN

SEVICES LTD

US4770770 1 Water supply system using EVERPURE INC

reverse osmosis unit for
treatment of water supply

US4774002 11 Liquid treatment such as BRITISH NUCLEAR

dewatering of sludge FUELS PUBLIC LTD
COMPANY

US4780200 4 Water purification apparatus ELGA LTD

US4784763 1 Water purification machine LABCONCO CORP

US4784771 2 Method and apparatus for ENVIRONMENTAL

purifying fluids WATER
TECHNOLOGY INC
US4792404 1 Desalination of saline water ALLIED-SIGNAL INC

US4800018 1 Portable water purification MOSER RONALD T

system

US4800023 1 Method of aseptic treatment of STERIDOSE

water and a storage container to SYSTEMS
be used at such treatment

US4801375 1 Water vending system CUNO INC

US4808287 3 Water purification process HARK ERNST F

US4808302 1 Water purifier valve BEALL JR RICHARD
W

US4818416 6 Method and apparatus for EBERHARDT

treating bodies of water THOMAS E

US4828691 1 Submersible purification system UNITED STATES OF

for radioactive water AMERICA AS
REPRESENTED BY
THE UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF
ENERGY THE

US4842723 1 Water purifying apparatus BOWMAN MELL

COMPANY INC

US4842724 1 Water purification apparatus NIMBUS WATER

SYSTEMS INC
US4844796 14 Full water treatment apparatus COCA-COLA
for use in soft drink dispensing COMPANY THE
system

US4849100 1 Portable water purifier NORTH AMERICAN

AQUA

US4851127 2 Novel amine-based presursor BEND RESEARCH

compounds and composite INC
membranes thereof

US4853122 21 P-xylylenediamide/diimide BEND RESEARCH

composite RO membranes INC

US4855048 9 Air dried cellulose acetate AIR PRODUCTS AND

membranes CHEMICALS INC

US4857184 1 Self-contained water treatment DELOACH ANTHONY

system and enclosure
US4863602 13 Flexible filter element employing MINNESOTA MINING
filtering sheets formed with AND
bypass openings MANUFACTURING
COMPANY

US4865726 1 Device for making potable water PROMAC BV

US4865745 2 Method of treating dilute TEXACO INC

aqueous solutions

US4872991 11 Treatment of water TEXACO INC

US4883596 29 Carbonaceous adsorbent for TOKYO ORGANIC

removal of pyrogen and method CHEMICAL
of producing pure water using INDUSTRIES LTD
same

US4886603 9 Method and apparatus for water SEPARATION

decontamination DYNAMICS INC
US4894154 3 Individual portable water- SOCIETE DE
treatment device RECHERCHE
TECHNIQUES ET
INDUSTRIELLES
(SRTI)

US4902411 1 Drinking water purifier LIN FRANK W G

US4913808 1 Subcompact interchangeable HAQUE MAQSOOD

cartridge drinking water
purification system

US4913827 1 Process for purifying and de- PCI INC

pyrogenating water

US4923609 1 Method and apparatus for BIO INC

purifying liquids employing a
particulate filter and a
membrane

US4946599 1 Apparatus and method for CRAIG THOMAS L|

converting bottled water CARROLL THOMAS J
dispensers to continuous supply
systems
US4956098 2 Oxidation and photoxidation SOLARCHEM
process ENTERPRISES INC

US4956936 1 Method and system for SPRUNG PHILIP D

purification of water for
greenhouse structures

US4966711 22 Transition metals as treatment NALCO CHEMICAL

chemical tracers COMPANY

US4969991 1 Water purifying and dispensing VALADEZ GERARDO

system M

US4969996 47 Water purification device with an BRITA WASSER-

intake funnel FILTER-SYSTEME
GMBH
US4975185 12 Portable water purification SEPARATION
system DYNAMICS INC

US4978550 1 Reverse osmosis water EASTMAN KODAK

purification system for producing COMPANY
carbonated water

US4980056 2 Faucet-mounted microbial filter CULLIGAN

INTERNATIONAL
COMPANY

US4983307 1 Method for sterilizing liquids by SERRES NATURTEK

ultraviolet radiation GREENHOUSES INC

US4994184 5 Ultrafiltration device and process INFINITEX

US4999109 1 Filtering lid with separate inlet SABRE REZA A

and outlet compartments
US5000843 10 Culture fluid concentrator SNOW BRAND MILK
PRODUCTS CO LTD

US5006244 13 Fluid purification device TROJAN

TECHNOLOGIES INC

US5006257 9 Extracts of thermal waters and LAMOTHE ANDRE

their applications

US5007994 1 Water purification system SNEE THOMAS M

US5017284 14 Fluid purifying apparatus and ENVIRONMENTAL

method of purifying fluids WATER
TECHNOLOGY INC

US5021250 1 Apparatus and method for FILTERCOLD CORP

dispensing purified and
carbonated liquids
US5024766 1 Point of use deionized water MAHMUD SHAHZAD
purification unit

US5028336 1 Separation of water-soluble TEXACO INC

organic electrolytes

US5030125 1 Attachment assembly for AQUAFINE CORP

ultraviolet light lamp apparatus

US5032265 5 Method and system for MILLIPORE CORP

producing sterile aqueous
solutions

US5037547 2 Dual stage filter cartridge for a BURROWS BRUCE D

reverse osmosis purification
system

US5037555 1 Desalination of water TEXACO INC

US5039402 1 Water purifier HIMELSTEIN WALTER
D

US5043071 8 Method of backwashing tubular LONNAISE DES

filter membranes, and apparatus EAUX-DUMEZ|
for implementing the method DEGREMONT SA

US5045197 3 Reverse osmosis purification BURROWS BRUCE D

system with unitary header
manifold

US5054424 1 Aquarium ecosystem SY LENG K

US5055197 11 Process for removing residual ROHM AND HAAS

monomers and oligemers from COMPANY
amine-containing polymers
US5057212 4 Water conductivity monitor and BURROWS BRUCE D
circuit with extended operating
life

US5059317 1 Transportable apparatus for MARIUS DIETRICH|

producing drinking water MUEELLER ERICH|
ATZMUEELLER
CHRISTIAN|
DOUBRAWA WALTER|
IRAUSCHECK
HELMUT|
MEIERHOFER
WERNER

US5061367 1 Water purifying filter device AMETEK INC

US5068030 1 Water filtering sterilizing and OXFORD SCIENCE

heating apparatus INDUSTRIAL CO LTD
US5078876 1 Apparatus for multistage TRYSAN RESEARCH
purification of water INC

US5083442 1 Refrigerator with purified water VLOCK MARY

supply

US5089144 3 Filter condition indicator having NARTRON CORP

moveable sensor and aggregate
flow counter

US5092999 5 Filtering means ULTRA FLO INC

US5098575 2 Method and apparatus for YAELI JOSEPH

processing liquid solutions of
suspensions particularly useful
in the desalination of saline
water
US5100555 10 Method and system for MATSON STEPHEN L
removing radon from radon
containing water

US5102542 1 Construction of canister-type ELECTROLUX

filters WATER SYSTEMS
INC

US5106495 1 Portable water purification HUGHES HAROLD

device

US5112477 1 Purified water and ice HAMLIN JERRY J

dispensing apparatus

US5116509 7 Electrodeionization and MILLIPORE CORP

ultraviolet light treatment method
for purifying water
US5116511 1 Water treatment system and HARRISON
method for operating the same WESTERN
ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES INC

US5120437 4 Portable water filtration WILLIAMS RICHARD

apparatus T

US5122265 1 Compact reverse osmosis HOH WATER

system with cold water flush TECHNOLOGY CORP

US5124131 1 Compact high-throughput ULTRAVIOLET

ultraviolet processing chamber ENERGY
GENERATORS INC

US5126044 9 Iodine resin/carbon water MAGNUSSON JAN H|

purification system MAGNUSSON
KRISTOFER J
US5126052 2 Condensate polishing system GRAVER COMPANY
incorporating a membrane filter THE

US5128034 1 Pressure vessel for housing a AMWAY CORP

water filter

US5135654 43 Method for treating fluids KDF FLUID

TREATMENT INC

US5135656 7 Process for removing water NALCO CHEMICAL

soluble organic compounds from COMPANY
produced water

US5141636 1 Purification system UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA AS
REPRESENTED BY
THE
ADMINISTRATOR
NATIONAL
AERONAUTICS AND
SPACE
ADMINISTRATION
US5147532 1 Domestic grey water purifier LEEK JR KENNETH F
using diverter and UV filter
treater with preheater

US5149437 1 Water filter WILKINSON

THEODORE L|SORK
FRANK J

US5154829 27 Polyamide membrane with PALL CORP

controlled surface properties

US5156737 1 Orally operable, portable, water IANA E CHARLES

filtration device

US5156739 4 System for purifying and MILLIPORE CORP

degasifying water by reverse
osmosis

US5158683 11 Bromide separation and ETHYL CORP

concentration using
semipermeable membranes
US5160039 1 Bio-tube aquatic filter COLBURN PERRY

US5166074 11 Method of detecting the initial RYDER DAVID S

concentration of a water-
treatment chemical in a diluted
aqueous system

US5166527 1 Ultraviolet lamp for use in water PUROFLOW INC

purifiers

US5167806 8 Gas dissolving and releasing INTERNATIONAL

liquid treatment system ENVIRONMENTAL
SYSTEMS INC

US5174901 3 Liquid purifying system SMITH VERITY C

US5178758 1 Biochemical water filter HWANG CHING F

US5182030 1 Regeneration of adsorbents BOARD OF
using advanced oxidation CONTROL OF
MICHIGAN
TECHNOLOGICAL
UNIVERSITY

US5186121 2 Method of and apparatus for use SMITH JR FRANKLIN

in the depuration of bivalves L

US5203803 2 Reverse osmosis water purifier AQUATEC WATER

booster pump system SYSTEMS INC

US5205932 1 Point-of-use water purification NU-WATER SYSTEMS

appliance INC

US5227053 1 Water purification system CONVENTURE CORP

US5229005 1 Ocean depth reverse osmosis GUPTA SUSHIL K
fresh water factory

US5234583 1 Semi-permeable membrane CLUFF C BRENT

filtering systems for swimming
pools

US5244579 1 Transportable reverse osmosis ZENON

water purification unit ENVIRONMENTAL
INC

US5250177 4 Water purifier with an ozone SAMSUNG

generating device ELECTRONICS CO
LTD
US5256299 1 Method and apparatus for liquid INTERNATIONAL
treatment ENVIRONMENTAL
SYSTEMS INC USA

US5259936 6 Purified ion exchange resins and MILLIPORE CORP

process

US5269919 1 Self-contained water treatment VON MEDLIN

system WALLACE

US5272091 6 Water purification method and MILLIPORE CORP

apparatus
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system DEVELOPMENT INC

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pure water KOGYO CO LTD|
NORMURA MICRO
SCIENCE CO LTD

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water refrigerator storage
apparatus

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INTERNATIONAL CO

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A

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anions from water REGENTS OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF
OKLAHOMA
US5320752 2 Water purification system CLACK CORP
employing modular flat filter
assembly

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water filter

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water treatment system

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inlet conduit with a weight and RESEARCH INC
float construction

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apparatus and method MICHAEL J|WILLIAMS
RANDALL W
US5336413 17 Process and apparatus for the EM ENGINEERING
purification of water FTS BV

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process TECHNOLOGIES INC

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purification using ozone
generated by ultraviolet radiation
with a continuous filament bulb

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decomposing organic halogen-
containing compound

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purification system and method
US5393419 3 Ultraviolet lamp assembly for AMWAY CORP
water purification

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system A|BALL RONALD C

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ultraviolet bulb voltage monitor
circuit

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MAGNUSSON
KRISTOFER J

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purification system

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removing solutes from solutions
US5415774 1 Filtration system GREENLAND
INDUSTRIES INC

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apparatus and associated
method

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water

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adapted for use with bottled
water dispenser

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system MANUFACTURED
SYSTEMS INC
US5449465 4 Filtration method using a relative PALL CORP
pressure drop to initiate
backwash

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monitoring the quality of a water
purification apparatus

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groundwater and wastewater ENVIRONMENTAL
treatment SYSTEMS INC USA

US5451791 3 Water disinfecting apparatus MARK FARVELL M

US5468373 1 Multiple-effect water treatment CHOU WU-CHANG
apparatus

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and dispenser and process of INTERNATIONAL INC
purifying water

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purification diagnostic system SYSTEMS INC

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reverse osmosis system SYSTEMS INC

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purifier's thermoelement

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particle suspension for removing
contaminants from water

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apparatus therefor SHIMAYA SHIROH

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drinking water

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treatment of water and method
for biological treatment of water
using said apparatus

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system PRESTON SCOTT L

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osmosis desalinization system LABORATORIES INC
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with automatic disconnecting of
radiant energy source

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microfiltration means,
disinfection means and
adsorption means

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purification unit

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apparatus INC

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US5547586 1 Method and apparatus for the ROSSMARK
desalination of salt containing MEDICAL
water PUBLISHERS INC

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improved UV transmission, GMBH
thermal and chemical properities
and methods of making and
using same

US5549828 3 Method and apparatus for in Situ EHRLICH KARL F

water purification including
sludge reduction within water
bodies by biofiltration and for
hypolimnetic aeration of lakes

US5552046 1 Multi-stage microbiological water JOHNSTON ARTHUR

filter W|JOHNSTON
ARTHUR F

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CORP
US5569374 1 Portable drinking water filtration WILLIAMS RICHARD
apparatus T

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purification by culturing and
harvesting attached algal
communities

US5576482 1 Particulate and free water TELECTRO-MEK INC

contamination measuring
apparatus

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purification system Y INC

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using ozone INTERNATIONAL
COMPANY
US5589132 4 Method and device for purifying ZIPPEL GUNTHER
and moistening air

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purifier ELECTRONICS CO
LTD

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having improved UV GLASWERKE
transmission properties and
water resistance and methods of
use

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treatment system UV bulb

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method COMPANY THE
US5613239 11 Method and apparatus for MORIKAWA
decomposing organic solutions INDUSTRIES CORP|
composed of chelating solutions GENDEN
and/or organic acids containing ENGINEERING
radioactive metal ions and SERVICES &
collection method and apparatus CONSTRUCTION CO
using the same

US5626748 10 Liquid separator ROSE WILLIAM C

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filtration system/apparatus INC

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drinking water with UV treatment
and filtering

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supporting collection chamber
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treatment apparatus

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maintaining reverse osmosis MANUFACTURED
system SYSTEMS INC

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indicating when filter ELECTRONICS CO
replacement is due and for LTD
automatically initiating a
membrane washing step

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apparatus

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desalination field unit WONG JIM LUNG
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interfacial polymerization on a
microporous support, and
polymers, fibers, films and
membranes made by such
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and method CELANESE CORP

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contaminated water D

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base

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ENGINEERING INC

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separation (ECMS) system and INC
components for removal of
contaminants from water
streams, including desalinization
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selectively removing a INSTITUTE OF
component from a TECHNOLOGY
multicomponent gas/vapor
mixture

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apparatus CORP

US5770037 2 Water processing method KONICA CORP

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pure water to concentrated ELECTRONICS CO
water in water purifiers LTD
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water storage tank and valve for ELECTRONICS CO
discharging purified water before LTD
reaching the tank

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treatment, in particular FORSCHUNGSZENT
purification of water containing RUM SEIBERSDORF
halogenated ethylenes GMBH

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apparatus CORP

US5820765 5 Apparatus and method for SAMSUNG

displaying the purifying ELECTRONICS CO
efficiency of the water purifier LTD

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filtering water on vessel and
macerating retained solids
US5833850 1 Water filter LIU HSIN FA

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sterilizing purified water stored ELECTRONICS CO
in a water purifier LTD

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drinking water and monitoring
device therefor

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cleansing of water L

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LLP
US5888381 8 Water filter with pressure UNITED STATES
actuated flow monitor FILTER CORP

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water using iron oxide coated WASHINGTON
mineral having olivine structure

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water dispenser and method of INDUSTRIES
using same

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and method PALMER MICHELLE R

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system TECHNOLOGIES INC

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LTD
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machine having upstream
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and method and composition for UNLTD INC
recovery of precious metal

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ultrafiltration membrane, method KENNETH
of making thereof, and
separation methods

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modular water filtration unit

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kitchen water station with sink WAYNE
for supplying copious purified
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desalination apparatus INTERNATIONAL LLC

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machine with water saving
device
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system

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purifier and method L

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filter housing

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substance-specific treatment of
fluids

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US6066257 6 Process for the removal and CALGON CARBON
destruction of perchlorate and CORP
nitrate from aqueous streams

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system with a cascade ion
exchange option

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extracting metallic contaminants STEPHEN H|
from substrates CHESTER JAMES W|
ROZELLE PETER L|
DEWEES MATTHEW
D
US6099735 1 Counter top reverse osmosis KELADA MAHER I
water purification system

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disinfection of water

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water purifying system

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organic sulfonates and novel CHEMICALS INC
product
US6190556 1 Desalination method and UHLINGER ROBERT
apparatus utilizing nanofiltration A
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membranes

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system SYSTEMS INC

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method

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system F

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treatment of discharged water
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INC

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capable of reliably preventing
growth of bacteria during
suspension of water supply by
efficiently activating a
sterilization unit

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device
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system

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monitoring system

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disinfection device HECHT THOMAS R
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ultraviolet light INC

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methods for purification of S COMPANY INC THE
aqueous solutions

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treatment system with tube
connecting unit

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sanitizing and cleaning a filter FILTER CORP
system

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method
US6379518 8 Electrodeionization apparatus KURITA WATER
and pure water producing INDUSTRIES LTD
apparatus

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filtered water

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method for purifying water ODYNE CORP

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liquids with oxidizing gases and
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membrane contactor
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method

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membranes

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improved mixing in fluids TECHNOLOGIES INC

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welded housing components KUNSTOFF-/METALL
ERZEUGNISSE
GMBH
INDUSTRIESTR SPX
CORP-FILTRAN
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drinking water and drinking TECHNOLOGIES INC
water containers

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purifying system

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detector and method for
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LIGHTING
INTERNATIONAL INC

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device

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biodegradation of alkyl ethers
and tertiary butyl alcohol
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bipiperidine-polyamide
membranes for reverse osmosis
and/or nanofiltration and
process for making the same

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UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA THE

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liquids and its use for microbial
decontamination

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and ultraviolet processing
method

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UTAH INC

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sulfonium polyhalide
compositions

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photocatalytic purification and TECHNOLOGIES
disinfection of water and
ultrapure water
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filtration using PGA POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUE

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storing live fish, components
thereof and methods based
thereon

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cryptosporidium parvum using CORP
ultraviolet light
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with ultraviolet light UNIVERSITY BOARD
OF TRUSTEES OF

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purification system using solid
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to reduce twinning for filtering ENVIRONMENTAL
hollow fiber membranes INC

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system and method ILLINOIS

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THE
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membrane fiber cartridges TECHNOLOGY INC

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membranes and systems for RESEARCH COUNCIL
water purification OF CANADA

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combining ozone injection and TECHNOLOGY INC
monitoring apparatuses

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CHEMICALS INC

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recovering aromatic amines by EXTRACTION
using a non-porous membrane TECHNOLOGY LTD
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treatment systems and methods

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microbiological interception TECHNOLOGIES
capability CORP

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liquids, in particular SA
contaminated water

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organic substances from an
aqueous mixture
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water treatment system and GROUP
method of supplying electricity INTERNATIONAL
using a flow of liquid

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system

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water purification system LATINOAMERICA
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separation processes

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device using an ultraviolet lamp

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source assembly and radiation TECHNOLOGIES INC
source module

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device and process for TECHNOLOGIES INC
generating potable water

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apparatus and method

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COOKSON ANDREW|
STEFKA KAREL
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and also method and device for TECHNOLOGY
disinfecting water

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method R

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system INTERNATIONAL

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aquaculture applications INC

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pressurized reactor TECHNOLOGIES INC
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radiation disinfection of water AMERICA AS
using aqueous silver REPRESENTED BY
THE SECRETARY OF
THE ARMY THE

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separating heavy isotopes of A
hydrogen oxide from water

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method combining multiple NEAL
filtration media

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TECHNOLOGIES INC

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enhanced mass transfer, heat PITTSBURGH
transfer and pumping
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system
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nanofiltration

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tap water and other water
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system

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from water BELTING LTD
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device having a semi-permeable LABORATORIES INC
tubular hollow fiber membrane
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substrate cleaning apparatus

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quality and safe food attributes THOMAS R
of minimally processed produce

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high-performance water, and its
producing method and
apparatus

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contaminants from water using
ruthenium based contaminant
sorbents and oxidizers

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US7404899 11 Water treatment system TURF SENTRY INC

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treatment and system thereof TECHNOLOGIES INC

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deuterium water from sea water VLADIMIR Z

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ANDREW VINCENT

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US7537702 2 Water purification system and HONEYWELL
modes of operation INTERNATIONAL INC

US7591950 12 Submerged cross-flow filtration SIEMENS WATER

TECHNOLOGIES
CORP

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membrane distillation REGENTS OF THE
NEVADA SYSTEM OF
HIGHER EDUCATION

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ozone UNIVERSITY
RESEARCH
FOUNDATION INC

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and methods of making and UNIVERSITY OF
using HOUSTON THE

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system BARKER CARMEN L
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contactor and a method of
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TECHNOLOGY
RESEARCH
INSTITUTE

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AQUATECHNOLOGY
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processes for producing potable
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with shipboard moisture
dehumidification
US7938966 16 Backwash method SIEMENS WATER
TECHNOLOGIES
CORP

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remediation system INTERNATIONAL INC

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membranes based on directly INTELLECTUAL
sulfonated poly(arylene ether PROPERTIES INC
sulfone) copolymers

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manufacturing and using same CORP

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device
USRE41762 10 Nanostructured separation and STCUNM
analysis devices for biological
membranes

WO0000266A1 5 WATER FILTRATION REID ROGER P

APPARATUS

WO0000437A1 2 POTABLE WATER SYSTEM AQUA-AEROBIC

AND PROCESS SYSTEMS INC

WO0003791A1 9 SPENT BRINE RECLAMATION DESALINATION

SYSTEMS INC

WO0003792A1 4 METHOD AND INSTALLATION POLYMEN

FOR WATER TREATMENT

WO0003953A1 8 WATER TREATMENT WORLDWIDE WATER

APPARATUS AND TECHNOLOGIES PTY
COMPONENTS LTD
WO0004986A1 19 METHOD FOR INHIBITING TORAY INDUSTRIES
GROWTH OF BACTERIA OR INC
STERILIZING AROUND
SEPARATING MEMBRANE

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USE IN ULTRAPURE WATER
SYSTEMS

WO0006499A1 33 POINT-OF-USE WATER AMWAY CORP|

TREATMENT SYSTEM AMWAY CORP|KOOL
DENNIS J|TAYLOR
ROY M JR|
WOODARD JAMES A
JR|ABEREGG DALE|
SNYDER GREG|
GOETZ DAN

WO0006500A1 14 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SA POLYMEM

MEMBRANE FILTERING OF
WATER

WO0007700A1 14 METHOD FOR REDUCING E-CELL CORP

SCALING IN
ELECTRODEIONIZATION
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WO0007940A2 10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WEHRLE-WERK AG

SEPARATING BIOMASS FROM
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WO0009449A2 5 PORTABLE WATER FERGUSON JOHN M
FILTRATION SYSTEM

WO0012194A1 19 COMPOSITE FILTER MEDIUM KOSLOW

AND FLUID FILTERS TECHNOLOGIES
CONTAINING SAME CORP

WO0013767A1 18 FLUID TREATMENT PALL CORP

ELEMENTS, METHODS FOR
CLEANING FLUID TREATMENT
ELEMENTS AND METHODS
FOR TREATING FLUIDS

WO0016883A1 6 METHOD FOR THE ZAKRYTOE

REVERSE.ndash.OSMOSIS AKTSIONERNOE
SEPARATION OF SALT OBSCHESTVO
CRYSTALS FROM NAUCHNO-
MINERALISED WATER, PROIZVODSTVENNO
DEVICE FOR REALISING THE E OBIEDINENIE
SAME, MEMBRANE ENERGETICHESKIE I
INSTALLATION AND KOSMICHESKIE
MEMBRANE APPARATUS TEKHNOLOGII

WO0017107A1 3 APPARATUS FOR REMOVING LUXTON

RESIDUAL CLEANING CHRISTOPHER PAUL
CHEMICALS FROM WATER
WO0019024A1 13 METHOD OF WATER INTERNATIONAL
DISTRIBUTION AND WATER-GUARD
APPARATUS THEREFOR INDUSTRIES INC

WO0020093A1 26 FLUID FILTRATION UNIT CUNO INC

WO0020340A1 2 WATER TREATMENT MOULINEX SA

APPARATUS BY FILTERING
AND IRRADIATION

WO0021648A1 11 MEMBRANE MAJOR MARTIN

PRE.ndash.TREATMENT GRAYLING
PROCESS

WO0022684A2 30 COMPOSITE SOLID POLYMER FOSTER-MILLER INC

ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES
WO0023381A1 9 DEVICE FOR PURIFYING SUD HI TECH &
FLUID WITH PHOTONIC PRODUITS (SA)
PULSES

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OSMOSIS DESALINATION MANUEL
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SYSTEMKISH WATER SUPPLY NICHOLAS
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RECOVERY AND DISPENSING INC
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WO9746305A2 31 IMPROVED WATER HANEY HAROLD E

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UNIVERSITY OF
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FOR THE APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGIES LTD
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FOR HIGH EFFICIENCY DEBASISH
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MODULE, HOLLOW FIBER CO LTD
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SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL
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CARTRIDGE FOR USE IN
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DOMESTIC WATER
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INCLUDING SUCH A
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DEPOSIT FORMATION IN
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WO9824531A2 8 WATER PURIFIER WITH REID ROGER P

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FOR TREATMENT OF LIQUID

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PURIFICATION INC
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WO9832698A1 3 PORTABLE WATER ALION JAPAN CO LTD

TREATMENT DEVICE, WATER
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WO9832700A1 19 HAND.ndash.HELD HYDRO-PHOTON INC

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SYSTEMS LTD

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AND WATER TREATMENT
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WO9837950A1 16 PORTABLE REVERSE ZENON

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PRODUCING DRINKING INC
WATER

WO9837951A1 11 RECOVERY AND REUSE OF RHONE-POULENC

ANIONIC SURFACTANTS INC
FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

WO9839085A1 12 HIGH RESISTIVITY WATER ZENON

PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL
INC
WO9841315A1 8 FLUID MIXER AND WATER NEWZONE
OXYGENATOR NOMINEES PTYLTD
INCORPORATING SAME

WO9845019A1 3 ORGANIC CONTAMINANT G-TEC INC

RECOVERY ARRANGEMENT
AND METHOD OF USING
SAME

WO9846534A1 17 FILTER CARTRIDGE FOR RECOVERY

GRAVITY.ndash.FED WATER ENGINEERING INC
TREATMENT DEVICES

WO9852874A2 13 WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM UNITED STATES

HAVING DOSING CONTROL FILTER CORP

WO9853901A1 3 ULTRAFILTRATION DEVICE PRIME WATER

SYSTEMS NV
WO9857726A1 64 ANTIMICROBIAL FILTER MICROBAN
CARTRIDGE PRODUCTS
COMPANY

WO9857732A1 7 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AKTIEBOLAGET

PURIFYING A FLUID ELECTROLUX

WO9858727A1 4 FLUID PURIFICATION IONICS INC

DEVICES AND METHODS
EMPLOYING DEIONIZATION
FOLLOWED BY IONIZATION
FOLLOWED BY DEIONIZATION

WO9900331A1 4 SINGLE ORIFICE BOTTLE INNOVA PURE

WATER FILTER WATER INC
WO9906323A1 4 METHOD AND PLANT FOR HARDY ANDRA
DESALTING SEAWATER
EXPLOITING HYDROSTATIC
PRESSURE

WO9908768A1 3 FILTRATION METHOD AND LIEBERMAN

DEVICE FOR LIQUID ALEXANDER I
PURIFICATION

WO9910076A1 3 GRAVITY.ndash.FLOW HUGHES DOUGLASS

FILTRATION CARTRIDGE FOR E
THE REMOVAL OF
MICROORGANISMS AND/OR
OTHER CONTAMINANTS

WO9910090A1 5 POLYION COMPLEX KOREA RESEARCH

SEPARATION MEMBRANE INSTITUTE OF
WITH A DOUBLE STRUCTURE CHEMICAL
TECHNOLOGY

WO9910281A1 9 DEVICE FOR HANSA

DEGERMINATING WATER METALLWERKE AG
PASSING THROUGH A
SANITARY DEVICE
WO9911360A1 4 DESALTING APPARATUS FOR BARRETO AVERO
THE DESALTING OF WATER MANUEL
BY REVERSE OSMOSIS
THROUGH PRESSURISED
CHAMBERS WITH
SUSPENSION PISTON AND
SYSTEM FOR DETECTING
THE PISTON POSITION

WO9916714A1 7 PROCESS FOR SALINE WATER

DESALINATION OF SALINE CONVERSION CORP
WATER, ESPECIALLY SEA
WATER, HAVING INCREASED
PRODUCT YIELD AND
QUALITY

WO9917866A1 11 COMPOSITE HOLLOW FIBER MITSUBISHI RAYON

MEMBRANE CO LTD

WO9918033A1 46 APPARATUS AND METHOD WISEBURGH PETER

FOR THE PURIFICATION OF
WATER
WO9918040A1 46 WATER PURIFYING AND WISEBURGH PETER
DISPENSING APPARATUS

WO9918294A1 4 DRINKING WATER TEMP-RITE

TREATMENT INSTALLATION INTERNATIONAL
GMBH

WO9920566A1 3 SUPER OZONATING WATER VORTEX CORP

PURIFIER

WO9921800A1 4 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUEZ LYONNAISE

ADJUSTING THE PERMEATE DES EAUX
FLOW RATE IN MEMBRANE
BIOREACTORS FOR WATER
TREATMENT

WO9921801A1 7 METHOD FOR WATER PROX TEC POPRAD

PURIFICATION BASED ON SRO
THE FENTON REACTION
WO9926030A1 7 WATER COLLECTION AND INTERNATIONAL
DISPENSING MACHINE WATER MACHINES
INC

WO9926886A1 11 A METHOD FOR PURIFYING NV WATERLEIDING

WATER, IN PARTICULAR FRIESLAND
GROUND WATER, UNDER
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS,
USING A MEMBRANE
FILTRATION UNIT, A DEVICE
FOR PURIFYING WATER,AS
WELL AS DRINKING WATER
OBTAINED BY USING SUCH A
METHOD

WO9927970A2 14 A METHOD FOR TRIBELSKI ZAMIR

DISINFECTING LIQUIDS AND
GASES AND DEVICES FOR
USE THEREOF

WO9927972A1 8 WATER STERILIZATION DARWIN LAWRENCE

SYSTEM INCORPORATING C
ULTRASONIC DEVICE

WO9929630A1 10 APPARATUS AND METHOD MITSUBISHI RAYON

FOR TREATING WATER CO LTD

WO9932212A1 2 WATER FILTRATION METHOD CORNING INC

AND APPARATUS
WO9932409A1 6 APPARATUS AND METHOD COCA-COLA
ARRANGED TO PROVIDE COMPANY THE
CONTROLLABLE WATER
TREATMENT CUSTOMIZED TO
THE CONDITIONS OF WATER
SUPPLIED TO A BEVERAGE
DISPENSER

WO9933551A1 4 METHODS TO REMOVE BASX SYSTEMS LLC

METALS FROM WATER

WO9933752A1 13 A METHOD AND A SYSTEM KAAS POVL

FOR PURIFYING WATER

WO9935084A1 8 SUPERCRITICAL TREATMENT CHEMATUR

OF ADSORBENT MATERIALS ENGINEERING AB

WO9935091A1 4 POUR.ndash.THROUGH RECOVERY

WATER TREATMENT CARAFE ENGINEERING INC

WO9937390A1 7 APPARATUS COMPRISING A MEMBRANE

FLEXIBLE SHELL AND AN EXTRACTION
ELASTOMERIC TUBULAR TECHNOLOGY LTD
MEMBRANE ENCLOSED BY
THE SHELL; AND METHOD OF
USING THE APPARATUS FOR
SEPARATING SUBSTANCES
WO9937978A1 10 A DEVICE FOR INTENSITY KAAS POVL
MEASUREMENT OF UV LIGHT
FROM A LAMP AND A
UV.ndash.TREATMENT PLANT
EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A
DEVICE

WO9940031A2 49 WATER PURIFICATION DESIGN

APPARATUS TECHNOLOGY &
INNOVATION LTD

WO9946034A1 5 COMPOSITE HOLLOW FIBER MITSUBISHI RAYON

MEMBRANE AND ITS CO LTD
MANUFACTURE

WO9947230A1 6 TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS SPLITS

TECHNOLOGIES LTD
WO9948598A1 3 FILTER SYSTEM NOVERA
TECHNOLOGIES INC

WO9948819A1 3 TREATMENT OF WASTE HENKEL

WATER DURING KOMMANDITGESELL
PHOSPHATING SCHAFT AUF AKTIEN

WO9950183A1 7 DEVICE FOR STERILIZING HANSA

WATER WHICH FLOWS METALLWERKE AG
THROUGH A SANITATION
DEVICE

WO9952364A1 13 SUNLIGHT.ndash.ULTRAVIOLE NALCO CHEMICAL

T.ndash.STABLE BIOCIDE COMPANY
COMPOSITIONS AND USES
THEREOF IN WATER
TREATMENT

WO9952618A2 29 FILTER FOR REMOVING GRAHAM WILLIAM

SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS
WO9953813A1 5 APPARATUS AND METHODS CAI EDWARD Z
FOR MAKING BEVERAGES

WO9955448A1 3 AUTOMATIC CLEANING UNITED STATES

SYSTEM FOR A REVERSE FILTER CORP
OSMOSIS UNIT IN A HIGH
PURITY WATER TREATMENT
SYSTEM

WO9955622A1 4 APPARATUS AND PROCESS UNITED STATES

FOR REMOVING STRONG FILTER CORP
OXIDIZING AGENTS FROM
LIQUIDS

WO9956860A1 5 DEVICE FOR OBTAINING A DENGLER HERMANN

DESALINATED SOLUTION
WO9958453A1 11 ULTRAVIOLET TREATMENT HALLETT DOUGLAS J
FOR AQUEOUS LIQUIDS

ZA8404567A 2 DEVICE FOR USE IN,AND WILLEM JACOBUS

METHOD OF TREATING BODENSTEIN
WATER

ZA9109108A 1 APPARATUS FOR TREATING BRIAN JOHNSON

WATER WITH UV LIGHT
ment Technologies

UV UV w/ desal

1,804 35

979 16

54% 46%

8457 186

1 1

1713 54

10 10

Parent patent abstract Membrane

water
treatment

[From equivalent US7387728] This invention provides animal powered mechanical device for water 1
desalination. It has unique features of using animal power as prime mover to effect brackish water
desalination. Animal energy in form of high-torque low-speed can be converted into low-torque high-
speed through speed increaser ( 4 ) to energize the high-pressure pump ( 6 ), the outlet manifold ( 8 )
of the pump ( 6 ) being connected to a reverse osmosis membrane module ( 9 ). With this device
animal power can be used for obtaining safe drinking water from backish ground water/seawater
resource in villages.

[From equivalent EP352779B1] A device for producing potable water from contaminated water is 1
described and has a wide variety of possible uses because it comprises a hydrocyclone (20), a
microfiltration unit (30), a unit (40) for reverse osmosis, a mixed bed ion exchanger (50), a salination
unit (60), a unit (70) for ozonisation, an active carbon filter (80) and a unit (90) for depot chlorination.
[From equivalent US5324424] The water-treating apparatus includes a membrane filter, which at its 1
inlet end is adapted to be connected by a prefiltering filter to a water supply line and serves to treat
water by reverse osmosis and at its outlet end is connected to a waste water line and a pure water
line, which opens into a drinking water tank, which is constituted by a diaphragmless container, which
is connected to an air supply system for supplying compressed air to the tank driven by waste water in
the waste line and from which a rising line extends to a dispenser for drinking water.

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Biomethanisation plant uses centrifuging, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and/or 1

chemical or organic flocculation to separate liquids and solids. The different processes can be
employed individually or together, and can be used in combination with other procedure

Inrichting voor het zuiveren van water met behulp van één of meer membraan extractie-eenheden 1
(16), daardoor gekenmerkt dat ze in hoofdzaak bestaat uit een mobiele constructie waarin één of
meer membraan extractie-eenheden (16) zijn aangebracht en die is voorzien van een toevoer (13)
voor te zuiveren water en een afvoer (19) voor gezuiverd wate

The treatment may be filtration of water or the softening of hard water. The apparatus has a mobile 1
bed of material (filter or softener) which moves downwardly under gravity between two porous walls.
The water to be treated enters a central chamber in the apparatus and passes through the inner
porous wall, flows horizontally through the mobile bed of material, and exits through the outer porous
wall to a collection chamber. Therefore the paths of the mobile bed and the water cross within an
active zone of the apparatu

N/A 1
N/A 1

A mobile purificn. plant installation for liq., partic. water. The complete installation is mounted on/in a 1
Vehicle and comprises at least three vessels contg. materials for treating the liq. - The arrangement of
interconnecting pipework and valves provides for optional flow paths for liq. to be treated. The vessels
may be employed individually, connected in parallel, connected in series or connected in
combinations of parallel and series. The installation includes instrumentation to monitor the quality of
treated liq. - Pref. the installation is contained in a closed vehicle which has a heating system for the
enclosed space. Pref. the treatment materials are selected from anion exchange resins, cation
exchange resins, mixed ion exchange resins, sand, activated carbon, adsorption and other purifying
resins. - Pref. each vessel is provided with inlet and outlet connections for a regenerating liq. The
installation pref. includes a main inlet filter, a flowmeter, a water temp. alarm, a pressure reducing
valve, an air temp. alarm, an air purge valve and an outlet filter. A mobile treatment plant for liqs.,
partic. water for industrial purpose

The installation comprises a softener, a reverse osmosis unit and a demineraliser. The following plant 1
items are now piped together in series in the order of flow: (a) the softener, (b) the reverse osmosis
unit, (c) a ceramic filter and (d) the demineraliser. - Pref. the ceramic filter forms the membrane for the
permeator of the reverse osmosis unit. An ultrafiltration unit can be installed downstream of the
demineraliser. A fraction of the purified water from the delivery end of the installation can be recycled
to the inlet of the demineralise

The system shall find application in the pressurized pipelines and hydraulic systems. It helps the 1
regulation of the pressure and discharges by the measurement and mechanical treatment of the
water, serving also as a preventive means in case of emergencies and hydraulic hammer. The system
comprises at least a regulator (1) or a treatment regulator (3), complete with a treatment part (2).
Regulators (1 and 3) are quite identical. In their upper cylindrical part (9) there is a piston (13),
engaging a fixed position (15) by means of a seal (14). An output part is hydraulically connected by
means of a vertical (20) and horizontal pipes to cylinder (9). There a distribution conical piston (24) is
fitted having a horizontal aperture (25), and in it are screwed a thin part (26), elongated nut (27) and
weights (29). The distribution conical piston (24) is remote controlled by an electric motor (33). In the
mechanical treatment of the water, regulator (1) is connected to the treatment part (2)and the cleaning
regulator (3). In part (2) are mounted: fine cylindrical screen (36), large mesh screen (37) and filter
(38) among them. In an embodiment for large-size diameters there is a medium regulator (41) which
has the same design as regulators (1 and 3). In case of discharging in tank or canals, lower regulation
is controlled by lever (46) with float (47), revolving around shaft (48). Itis connected to a stud (19) with
bolt (49). The water is measured by water-meter (50), fitted on a partial part (51), which has a
gradually extending outlet part with a chamfered end (52

The method relates to the field of membrane technologies. The membranes are used for 1
ultrafiltrations and reverse osmosis and are designed for the desalination of sea water and for the
treatment and concentration of different solutions. By the method, membranes are made of
polysulphon or cellulose di- or triacetate of improved selectivity, throughput, mechanical strength and
improved chemical and heat resistance. The method consists in the dissolution of the polymer in
organic solvents in the presence of aliphatic alcohols or amines, preferably polyethyleneglycol having
molecular mass from 600 to 3000 in concentration 10-60%, preferably 20%, as a regulator of the
specific porous surface, deaeration and moulding over unwoven (tufted) textile in a coagulation bat

SISTEMA DE DESSALINIZAçãO DE áGUA MOVIDO POR ENERGIA DAS ONDAS DO MAR. O 1

presente invento trata de um sistema para a dessalinização de água por osmose reversa, sem o uso
de eletricidade, utilizando como fonte de potência a energia proveniente das ondas do mar. O
conceito é composto de uma unidade convencional de dessalinização com membrana por osmose
reversa, conectado a um conversor de energia que se movimenta pela ação das ondas do mar. O
sistema compreende três versões e pode ser montado em terra à beira mar, no leito marinho em
profundidades de até cem metrqs e também em águas profundas. A água dessalinizada pode ser
enviada em alta pressão a grandes distâncias para irrigação ou uso doméstic
Reverse osmosis, particularly for water desalination, is achieved using semipermeable membranes 1
which selectively permeate purified water from a feed solution pressurized by reciprocating piston or
diaphragm pump. Pump action is assisted by returning pressurized concentrate fluid acting on
reverse side of the pump piston or diaphragm. Directional valves controlling alternating admission and
venting of concentrate fluid to and from pump cylinder are actuated mechanically by reversal of force
applied to the piston rod. Mechanical dwell is provided in the piston or diaphragm motion during
directional valve actuation. Pump may be operated by a manual lever or by a crank mechanism on a
low speed rotary shaft. An optional differential surge absorber provides continuity of feed solution
circulation past membrane surfaces during the return pump stroke, thus minimizing detrimental salt
concentration build-up on the membrane

Described are processes for improving and maintaining the performance of particulate and other 1
types of water-treat-ment solids, especially particulate ion exchange resins, filter media, and
adsorbents which have become fouled with organic contaminants, micro-organisms, and
wasteproducts thereof. These contaminants are reduced by treating these water-treat-ment solids
either batchwise or, preferably, cyclically with a water solution of an effective amount of both a non-
ionic surfactant and a biodispersan

A domestic reverse osmosis water purification system utilizing few parts in the controller valve 1
mechanism enhances reliability and economic feasibility. All surfaces of the controller valve
mechanism in contact with water are non-metallic and are constructed of FDA approved materials. In
addition to its normal function of metering the reject water flow, the controller valve mechanism allows
the homeowner to easily rinse the reverse osmosis membrane and conserves water by automatically
stopping influent water flow when the product storage tank is full.

[From equivalent CA2024995C] An apparatus for on-site treatment of a substantially isolated body of
water is provided. The apparatus includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a treatment zone
comprising at least one lamp disposed between the inlet and outlet and capable of emitting visible or
ultraviolet radiation, and a means for providing relative movement between the body of water and the
housing. In use, at least a portion of the body of water passes through the inlet to the treatment zone
and is thereafter discharged through the outlet of the housing. A process for utilizing the apparatus is
also provide

With a water conditioning or purifying apparatus for preparing drinking water from tap water, which 1
has a water inlet at the bottom area and a water outlet at the cover area, and which is provided with
activated carbon and anion exchange material for filtering contaminants, the casing is divided into a
lower and an upper casing portion, which both can be removed from each other. The interior of the
casing comprises a first, lower chamber with activated carbon and a second, upper chamber with
anion exchange resin. Both chambers are sealed at the top and at the bottom by filter fleeces. The
water to be purified flows through the entire cross section of the casing uniformly distributed and with
the same speed over entire cross section from bottom to to
An aqueous N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution which was used as a spinning bath in the 1
production of cellulosic products is regenerated by contacting it with active coal, silica dioxide or
alumina adsorbent and filtering, thereby reducing turbidity, eliminating nitrosoamine, decolorizing the
solution and removing transition metals like iron therefro

IMPROVED CONDENSATE POLISHING SYSTEM INCORPORATING A MEMBRANE FILTER A 1

method and apparatus for polishing a condensate is provided wherein the condensate contains both
suspended and colloidally dispersed solid impurities, and also intermittent and variable levels of ionic
impurities and dissolved silica. When the ionic impurities exceed a preselected level, a finely divided
ion exchange resin mixture is first admixed with the condensate at a rate sufficient to reduce the level
of such impurities to a preselected level within a preselected contact time period. Thereafter, the
resulting condensate is passed through a membrane filtration device to remove such suspended and
dispersed solid impurities. A simple, effective and reliable retrofittable apparatus adapted for use with
BWR'8 fitted with precoat filter systems is provided.

Case No. 901034 SELF-CONTAINED, PURIFIED DRINKING WATER REFRIGERATOR STORAGE 1

APPARATUS A new and improved self-contained, portable, treated drinking water, refrigerator storage
jug assembly is provided. The jug assembly includes a storage jug configured to be placed in a
refrigerator. A water treating subassembly is mounted to the back of the storage jug and is placed in
the refrigerator together with the jug. A fluid connector for connecting the portable jug and water
treating subassembly to a kitchen sink for refilling is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the water
treating subassembly includes a plurality of water treating modules interconnected to each other. Also
in the preferred embodiment, a modular, leak-free flow block connector and a treatment module
monitoring device form a part of the overall jug apparatu

Method and apparatus for purifying and dispensing water which includes filtration, ultraviolet radiation,
and ozonation technology. Water, typically municipally treated drinking water, is supplied from a water
source into a water inlet port through a water conduit and out of at least one water outlet port. The
method includes purifying the water during transit through the water conduit and dispensing the water.
Purifying the water includes filtering the water through a set of filters, radiating the water with
ultraviolet light, and ozonizing the water. Dispensing the water includes manually dispensing the water
into a container, automatically dispensing the water into a container, or spraying the water. The
apparatus includes a water purification mechanism and a water dispensation mechanism. The
purification mechanism includes a set of filters, ultraviolet radiation device, and ozonizer. The
dispensation mechanism includes a manual dispenser, an automatic dispenser, or a sprayer. The
apparatus is contained within a portable housing.

2088602 9300300 PCTABS00161 La chaîne de traitement de l'invention comprend: une barrière de 1

sécurité (24) montée en sortie de la chaîne de traitement et constituée d'un filtre physique assurant
en sortie dudit filtre une qualité minimale prédéterminée quelque soit la qualité de l'eau en entrée
dudit filtre; une installation de prétraitement (21) située en amont de ladite barrière de sécurité, dont
l'intensité de traitement est ajustée en fonction des caractéristiques desdites eaux de surface à traiter,
grâce à des moyens de mesures (27, 28, 29) situés en entrée de ladite barrière physique. La barrière
de sécurité est avantageusement une membrane de nanofiltration, éventuellement couplée à une ou
plusieurs membranes d'osmose inverse montées en aval, en série-rejet. L'installation de l'invention
s'applique plus particulièrement, mais de façon non exhaustive, au traitement des eaux du type
susceptible de présenter une grande variabilité de qualité, notamment aux eaux de surface ou de
caractéristiques équivalente
The invention provides a method for separating metallic corrosion products from a water stream. A 1
filter conditioned with a relatively small amount of ion exchange material exhibits comparatively low
pressure differential while processing a water stream at commercially desirable flow rates and
retention efficiencies. The method permits longer filter runs with a minimal application of material on
the filtration surface. The invention additionally provides a filter for separating metallic corrosion
products having a relatively broad range of particle sizes from a water strea

2127716 9313847 PCTABS00024 A lid assembly (16) for a portable water treatment device (10) of the 1
type including a vessel (12) with an opened upper end and a replaceable filter cartridge (C) adapted
to be contained therein. The lid assembly (16) includes a housing (40) having apertures (66)
therethrough communicating with the filter cartridge (C). A gate member (80) having apertures (88) is
reciprocally movable between a first position wherein the apertures (88) in the gate member (80) are
not aligned with the apertures (66) in the housing (40) and a second position wherein the apertures
(88) in the gate member (80) are aligned with the apertures (66) in the housing (40). In the second
position, water to be treated may be poured into the filter cartridge (C) through the apertures (66, 88)
in the gate member (80) and the housing (40). Indicator means (140, 150) are provided and are
movable incrementally in response to movement of the gate member (80). The indicator means (140,
150) move one increment during a cyclic movement of the gate member (80) from the first position to
the second position and back to the first position. Movement of the indicator means (140, 150) is
limited to a predetermined number of increments, the indicator mean (140, 150) preventing further
movement of the gate member (80) upon reaching a predetermined number of increment

An ultraviolet-based or dual mode water purifying system operates under household water pressure to
provide a batch treatment of contaminated water. Treated water is stored in a pressurized reservoir,
from which it may be released for use. A treatment cycle is initiated by a drop in pressure within the
system, which occurs when sufficient water has been withdrawn from the reservoir. The pressure drop
is detected by a pressure gauge linked to a UV lamp dimmer, which causes the UV lamp to change
from a reduced-output standby mode to an operative mode. The dimmer may be further linked to a
thermostatic switch positioned adjacent the lamp, to reduce the output of the lamp when the
temperature exceeds a predetermined level, and to a backwash event control, to increase the lamp
output to the operative level during filter backwash. The UV lamp may also be employed to generate
ozone, which is reacted with the water in an ozone/water contactor upstream of the UV water
exposure chamber, and that constitutes a helical tube with ozone being introduced to the fluid at the
base of the tube and permitted to rise with the fluid through the tube. A filter may be provided between
the contactor and the UV exposure chamber to remove suspended particle
A clarifier (10) with first stage flotation and second stage filtration divides at least the lower portion of a 1
flotation tank (12) into independent cells (54). A branched conduit (78) collects clarified water. V alves
(76) control the flow of clarified water to either a clarified water ring conduit (62) or to a first
filtrate/bachwash ring conduit (64) connected to a storage tank (68). High cell walls (53) and inclined
baffles (58) retain filter media during backwashing. A d ecompression valve (94) for pressurized water
with dissolved air has a narrow annular slot set by a moveable member to create micro scopic air
bubbles. A mechanical or pneumatic actuator periodically opens the slot to flush trapped particle

An improved water filtration cartridge is disclosed. The cartridge has a substantially frustoconical 1
vessel member defining a vertical axis. A hollow substantially frustoconical cover member is attached
to the vessel in coaxial alignment with the vertical axis. The cover has a multiplicity of vertically
oriented water entry flow slots. A split support ring, having a series of upwardly, radially inwardly
slanted projections, is positioned within the cover, in supported relation upon a rim portion thereof, to
retain a non-planar compressible first mass of filtration material within said cover in compressed
relation. The vessel further has at a lower end thereof a screen-like end wall portion, with a non-
planar compressible second mass of filtration material positioned within said vessel in juxtaposed
relation to said end-wall portion. A water insoluble granular purifying agent is contained within said
vessel between said first and second masses of filtration materia

[From equivalent CA2168629C] A machine for conducting dialysis of body fluids of a patient. The 1
machine includes integral water preparation and treatment, dialysate preparation, and extracorporeal
circuit modules, under computer control from a patient interface and control module. A water
pretreatment module with a temperature-controlled mixing valve, an integral water filtration and
conditioning unit and a pressure relief with integral water sample removal port supplies water to the
machine. The dialysate preparation module includes a substantially non-compliant tank with attached
batch chemical bottles and automatic chemical addition and dispersion subsystems. The machine
incorporates novel automatic process control techniques to verify the status and integrity of the critical
system components, ultrafiltration control, and temperature, pressure and conductivity conditions prior
to dialysi
This invention relates to an apparatus for separating an original feed solution such as sea-water into a 1
product solution of decreased concentration (relatively fresh water) and an exhaust solution of
increased concentration. The apparatus includes an annular rever se osmosis membrane means,
contained in an annular pressure vessel that is housed in a rotor assembly. The rotor is arranged to
spin on an axle and is located within an evacuated shroud. The apparatus further includes supply
means for supplying the original feed solution to th e reverse osmosis membrane, exhaust means at
an outermost radius of the reverse osmosis membra ne for removing the exhaust solution from the
reverse osmosis membrane, product removal mean s at an innermost radius of the reverse osmosis
membrane for removing the product solution from the reverse osmosis membrane and means for
creating a pressure differential acro ss the reverse osmosis membrane to separate the original feed
solution into the product solution and the exhaust solution. The supply means and the exhaust means
are relatively axially and radially spaced such that the feed solution travels along a combined radial
and axial flow-pat

Disclosed is a two-stage high pressure high recovery process utilizing two rever se osmosis 1
membrane systems intended to provide very high overall water recoveries from contaminated
inorganic scale-containing water in an economical manner while preventing scale formation on the
membrane and prolonging the useful life of the membrane. The first stage of the process involves
using a low pressure membrane system to preconcentrate scale compounds while purifying the bulk
volume of the scale-containing water (using antiscalants with pH control) and combining the in fluent
water with a recycle stream of concentrate from the second stage membrane process in o rder to
prevent scale formation. This first stage membrane system is followed by a secon d stage membrane
system wherein the concentrate from the first stage membrane system is treated further at higher
pressure in order to provide purification of the remai ning preconcentrated stream and achieve very
high overall water recoveries. Scale for mation in the first stage and second stage membrane systems
is prevented by the recycle of ""softened"" water containing a very low concentration of scale-forming
compounds and containing a high concentration of soluble salts to both stages in a specific pr
oportion that represents an economically viable process, while ensuring adequate permeate quality.
The second stage membrane concentrate stream is ""softened"" whereby hard ness compounds such
as calcium, magnesium, carbonate, sulphate, silica and other spar ingly soluble compounds are
removed by suitable means before it is recycled to the two membrane purifying stage

The invention relates to a process for treatment of water, in particular, condensate and/or ground 1
water, from a biodegradeable process. To simplify and improve said treatment process, the water is
conveyed alternately in an aerobic state and anaerobic stat

Liquids which are contaminated in a production plant by filamentary molecules with molar masses of 1
at least 10,000 daltons are purified by means of a selective diaphragm separation process before
being fed back into the production plant. This concerns, for example, hemicellulose-contaminated
caustic soda occurring in the production of cellulose and viscose. In the diaphragm separation
process, nanofiltration is performed with a separation limit of under 1,000 dalton

There are provided a decomposition apparatus by emission of a UV light which is irradiated from an
excimer lamp, a decomposition method thereof and an excimer lamp and an excimer emission
apparatus which may suitable be used for a decomposition apparatus and a decomposition method of
an organic compound. The decomposition apparatus comprises an excimer lamp emitting UV light for
decomposing the organic compound and a decomposition container provided with the excimer lamp
for decomposing the organic compound in a liquid or a gas. In the decomposition apparatus, since the
UV light irradiated from excimer lamp is emitted to the liquid or the gas, the organic compound in the
liquid or the gas can be decomposed easily by the simple decomposition apparatus and method. The
decomposition apparatus and method are effective to decompose the organic compound, such as
dioxin (polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxin), PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl), trichloroethylene or the
like, polluting the air or water to purify the environmen
This invention relates to tubular and flat sheet membrane filters, particularly those filters whose ability 1
to separate particulate, molecular or ionic contaminants from suspensions is enhanced by the addition
of electric fields to the filter. When a membrane filter is in use, contaminants from the feed liquid
accumulate at the membrane surface to form a polarised layer which inhibits flow through the
membrane. Contaminants in a liquid become charged and when subjected to an electric field will
migrate toward one or other of the electrodes. If the electrodes are located either side of a permeable
membrane or barrier, the contaminant can be caused to migrate by electrophoresis away from the
membrane or barrier. The system can be made more effective by using a combination of ultrasonic
fields and controlled hydrodynamic fields with the electric field. The ultrasonic and the hydrodynamic
fields will improve the separation of the solids from the water and the electric field will cause the
particles to migrate away from the membran

A gravity fed, pour-through water filtration device (10) includes a chamber housing (11), a spiral filter 1
(30, 80) including a biocidal material and an annular holding chamber. Several porous separator
disks, a volume of filtration media (64), and a cyst membrane (70) are positioned beneath the spiral
filter and holding chamber. The device (10) is effective in significantly reducing the number of bacteria,
viruses and cysts present in the filtrated water. The filtration device is a fully scaleable design for use
in municipal flow-through and other systems. The configuration of the flow path may be a thin channel
of minimal width lined with granular active material to improve the efficiency of the filtration and
treatment process while keeping to a minimum the resistance to flow. The spiral or helical geometry
lends itself to compact arrangement where space is limited. The fluid channel lined with granular
material disrupts laminar flow and creates an environment inhospitable for the growth of bacterial
contaminants such as biofilm typically found and described in dental water treatment line

An apparatus for the purification of water contaminated by micro-organisms and chemicals by means 1
of a three stage process is taught. The apparatus consists of a prefiltration stage, an ozonation stage,
and a post filtration stage. The contaminated water is initially drawn from a reservoir through a filter
through a bed consisting of a porous media, calcium bentonite, zeolite, activated carbon and a
second porous media. The filtered water is then passed into a ozonation chamber wherein gaseous
ozone is introduced so as to oxidize contaminants. The reduction/oxidation condition in the ozonation
chamber serve to control the cycle time. Once the water is disinfected it is passed through a second
filter consisting of a porous media and activated carbon before being dispensed into a clean water
caraf

A process for treatment of water via membrane separation to remove hardness and non-hydroxide
alkalinity by simultaneous removal in a weak acid cation exchange resin. The process includes
ionization of sparingly ionizable components, such as silica, by adjusting the pH up to about 10.5 or
higher. Their separation by the membrane is significantly increased. The passage of boron, silica and
TOC is reduced by a factor of ten or more. Recovery of 90 % or higher is achievable with most
brackish feedwaters, while substantial reduction in cleaning frequency is simultaneously achieved.
The apparatus used for the water treatment process includes reverse osmosis membrane(s) (30),
mixed bed ion exchange unit (44, 46), micron filter (48), ultraviolet sterilization unit (49),
decarbonation unit (20), and electrodeionization unit (150

A multimedia fluid treatment unit and rotatable valve are disclosed in which a plurality of discreet 1
containers are removably stacked upon each other and contain various different and distinct water
treating media. The rotatable valve is rotatable between either of three positions one of which is a
service position for routing the water to be treated through the unit for treatment, a second of which is
a rinse position for rinsing the media in the unit, and a third of which is a backwash position for
backwashing and/or regenerating the medi

The invention provides a faucet attachment for treating water issuing from a faucet of the type having 1
a threaded outlet for receiving an aerator. The attachment has a valve assembly including a generally
cylindrical inner structure havin g a faucet attachment for threadably engaging the thread on the
faucet to seal the fauc et attachment to the faucet, and a valve element below the faucet attachment.
A n outer structure contains the inner structure and includes a first outlet bel ow the valve element,
and a second outlet extending orthogonally with respect to sa id main axis. A housing receives water
from the second outlet and a bottom exit is provided on the housing for dispensing treated water. The
housing is movable angularl y between a first position in which water leaves through the bottom exit. A
cartridge is also provided for use in the attachmen
A water-purifying device has both a strainer and water purification materials, as well as an inlet and 1
outlet. In the preferred embodiment, the water purification materials are contained within a separable
purifier housing, and a deflector extending from a support plate into a strainer housing deflects
incoming water to the purification materials. The device has particular application to claimed methods
of purifying water for swimming pools, spas, cooling towers, fountains and the like. The purifier
housing may be an attachment to existing pump inlet strainer basket housing

A domestic countertop water treatment apparatus comprising a water treatment reservoir which is at 1
least translucent; a housing having an ozone source in flow communication with the water treatment
reservoir for treating water in the water treatment reservoir; a carbon block filter and a water pump
mounted in the housing, the carbon block filter and the water pump in flow communication with the
water treatment reservoir for removing treated water from the water treatment reservoir and passing
the treated water through the carbon block filter; and, a treated water reservoir which is at least
translucent and is positioned downstream from the carbon block filter for receiving treated water from
the carbon block filter whereby, as treated water is dispensed from the water treatment reservoir to
the treated water reservoir, the level of water in the water treatment reservoir is visibly lowered while
the level of water in the treated water reservoir is visibly raise

A domestic apparatus for purifying drinking water, comprising a feed water inlet and a purified water 1
outlet, a filter device comprising prefilter means (52) and microporous membrane filter means (53)
interposed between said inlet and said outlet, and means for driving the water through said filter at a
constant flow rate (51). A method of purifying drinking water, which comprises causing the water to
flow at a constant flow rate through a purification filter device comprising prefilter means and
microporous membrane filter mean

Apparatus for purifying water, comprising, in combination with a supporting housing and with power 1
means, an unpurified water feed inlet and a purified water dispense outlet, an interchangeable filter
(50) having depth filter layers and microporous membrane means interposed between said inlet and
said outlet, means for driving the water through the filter at a constant flow rate, means for counting
the time passed from the installation of the filter, means for monitoring, with a desired accuracy, the
volume of water which has flowed through the filter, and constant flow, and usage controlling device
for alerting the user when the data acquired by said counting and/or said monitoring means have
reached a corresponding threshold value or any one of a plurality of successively increasing,
predetermined threshold values; and preferably, means for automatically preventing the flow of water
through the filter when the data acquired by said counting and/or said monitoring means have
reached the corresponding threshold value or the highest of said plurality of the corresponding
threshold value

A method for removing contaminants from water and for producing water with a low level of dissolved 1
substances, e.g. salt in sea-water comprises passing the water through a zeolite membrane which
has been treated with silicic acid or an alkyl silicate, the method enables a high flux of water with very
low level of contaminant
An automated water dispensing apparatus is disclosed which consists of a wat er purification unit for 1
purifying municipal water, a storage tank for storing the water which ha s been purified by the water
purification unit and a sterilizer for sterilizing the purified water from the tank. The purification unit,
sterilizer and water tank are all contained within a housing which has a filling station for filling a water
receptacle with the sterilized water. The fillin g station has a filling spout for delivering the sterilized
water into the water receptacle and a fill control valve for controlling the flow of water to the filling
spout. The filling station also has a flow meter coupled to the filling spout for generating a signal
proportional to the amount of water supplied through the filling spout. The system also includes a
pump for delivering the purified water from the storage tank to the sterilizer and the filling station. The
apparatus also consists of a card reader device for reading identification information from a card
which is presented to the car d reader. The card reader, flow meter and fill control valve are
operatively coupled to a computer control unit. The computer control unit is also operatively coupled
to a computer memory unit and a telecommunications interface. The computer control unit is
configured to receive purchasing data for a plurality of purchasers from a remote computer via a
telecommunication s network which is operatively coupled to the telecommunications interface. The
computer contro l unit is configured to store the purchasing data in the computer memory unit and is
further configured to operate the fill control valve depending on the purchasing data stored in the
computer memory unit and the identification data read from the card reader. The computer control unit
is configured to read the flow meter signal to calculate the amount of water passing through the fill
spout and to close the fill control valve depending on the purchasing data stored in the computer
memory. Finally, the computer control unit is configured to amend the purchasing data stored in t he
computer memory to reflect the amount of water which is passed through the fill spout for ea ch
purchase

A pour-through water treatment device. The device is a dispenser comprising a tank (20), pour tray 1
(30) and cover (40). The length of the device is more than twice its width. Its height is between 9.0
and about 11.0 inches. The pour tray has a downwardly facing channel into which an upwardly facing
edge of the tank is inserted. The pour tray also includes baffles (33) to prevent water from sloshing
back and fort

A filtering element has ultrafiltration or microfiltration hollow fibre membranes extending horizontally 1
between a pair of opposed horizontally spaced, vertically extending headers. Side plates extending
between the pair of vertically extending headers define a vertical flow channel through the element.
Modules are created by placing the elements in place without obstructing the vertical flow channels.
Each element may be released from th e frame, however, and removed by sliding it in a direction
substantially norma l to its headers without disassembling the remainder of the module. The elemen ts
have associated releasable water tight fittings between the elements and a permeate collector, the
releasable water tight fittings being releasable by removing an element from the frame. An aerator
below the module has a plurality of air holes located to provide a line of air holes below each element
or below a side plate between each pair of elements. In a preferred process, permeate flux is less
than 50 L/m2/h and preferably less than 35 L/m2/h, aeration to scrub the membranes is provided
during periods of time when permeation is periodically stopped and accumulated solids are removed
b y periodically emptying and refilling a tank containing the elements. A bubble point test is applied to
each row of the module in turn, the presence of bubbles in a particular flow channel indicating which,
if any, elements of a row are suitabl

Disclosed is an improved, fully automated system for on-site growth and conditioning of
microorganisms for use in water body restoration. The system includes a reservoir for the
microorganisms and the nutrients, a bioreactor system, a water conditioning system, and an electrical
control device. It is improved in that the bioreactor system is partitioned or divided into a plurality of
sub-compartments through which the growing culture flows. Other improvements include: providing
an improved cabinet with improved components within the same to provide greater flow and storage
capacity; placing the reservoir out of the cabinet to give additional bioreactor system space and
retention time within the cabinet; adding influent water into the growth process to allow the cultures to
adapt to changing pollutants; using separate reservoirs for the bacteria and nutrients; using an
integrated water reservoir(s) to supply the bioreactor system, and to use one or more receiving
container(s) to collect the active/conditioned cultures, and/or making the system larger and free
standing without its housing cabinet.
A water treatment method uses a removable, disposable cartridge (2) having a n internal mesh 1
structure. A disposable heater (6) heats water fed to the cartridge. Precipitated solids collect on the
mesh surface provided temperature and residence time are appropriately maintained. The heat
breaks down the bicarbonate hardness of the water thereby depositing carbonates on the mesh
surface and heavy metals will be codeposited due to the resultant change in pH. The cartridge has a
head-space (11) for collecting entrained gases such as volatile organic compounds, chlorine and air.
Water sterility is achieved by heating the water over an appropriate period of time. Turbidity is
removed within the cartridge due to settling induced by the low fluid veloci ty controlled by a controller
and by a filter provided at the outlet of the cartridge. The filter will become blocked when bicarbonate
hardness is carri ed over forcing a user to replace a spent cartridge. Heat economy and a cool treated
water outlet stream are secured by use of a heat exchanger (18). Wat er is fed from the cartridge,
through an intercooler and the heat exchanger to a storage tank (26). Water in the storage tank is
kept out of contact with air by a movable barrier. Eventually, the water is fed from the storage tank to
a dispenser (50)and can subsequently be used in a post-mix beverage dispenser. A visual display
indicates the status of the water treatment syste

A package plant for treating raw water to yield potable water. The package plant includes an inlet for 1
raw water, followed by an ozonator for disinfecting the water. Next is provided an up flow roughing
filter including a chemically active layer, on top. A slow sand filter follows, which is sized and shaped to
promote growth of a biomass for water purification. The up flow roughing filter removes particulates,
contributes to the removal of dissolved organics, and protects the slow sand biomass by removing
disinfection residuals. In another aspect a method of maintaining the plant is provided, including
washing the up flow roughing filter by draining water down through it, providing a vigorous up flow to
agitate the top layer, and then washing the slow sand filte

The present invention provides a convenient way to filter water in a body of water. The invention 1
combines an encloseable container with an internal pump producing cyclonic action, with two different
types of filters. One type of filtering consists of layers of varied porosity, one layer filtering only very
fine debris, while the other layers blocking progressively large debris. The other type of filterin g
involves stacked discs placed to aid in further filtering of the water in the chamber of the cylinder.
Water flows around the bottom disc, through holes in the second disc, and around the third disc
before approaching the stacked filters of varied porosity. An internal ultra- violet light helps control
algae in the wate

An improved filter is provided for lowering levels of contaminants in domest ic drinking water. The filter 1
conains an oxidized activated carbon and at least one other type of adsorbent to remove cationic
species and at least one othe r contaminant. The filter further achieves an efficient use of the
adsorbents by including an envelope containing part or all of the adsorbents, which envelo pe
minimizes the potential for flow by-pas

In a light delivery for ultra-violet water treatment it is known to have a light to disinfect to a certain area
whereby purification takes place. In this invention , light delivery is by way of fibreoptic mediums from
a projected Ultra-Violet source. The delivery of light is used for water treatment and a reduction in the
heat process from the lamp transmission. The transmission may be of single or dual mode fibreoptic
guides.

A thermal treatment system for supplying thermally conditioned or purified water for human or animal 1
consumption, industrial processes, environmental containment, or removal of foreign species. The
water purifier includes a he at exchanger for exchanging heat between outgoing thermally conditioned
or purified water and incoming makeup water; a water heater is connected to the heat exchanger so
as to receive pre-heated incoming makeup water, where the water heater subsequently heats the
incoming preheated makeup water to a set - point temperature in the case of thermally conditioned
water and for purifie d water also holds the water for a period of time sufficient to inactivate selected
organisms to a predetermined level. The heat exchanger has one or more treated water outlets for
supplying thermally conditioned or purified water at slected temperature
A system is provided for withdrawing permeate from a substrate. The exemplar y system includes a 1
vessel configured to contain substrate, two or more compartments configured to receive substrate
from the vessel and to return a portion of received substrate to the vessel, and a filter positioned at
leas t partially within each of the compartments and configured to separate permeat e from substrate
during operation of the filter. At least one of the compartments is configured to contain cleaning
solution and substantially prevent cleaning solution from contacting substrate in the vessel during
cleaning of the filter. The exemplary system is configured for cleaning the filter in situ in at least one of
the compartments while operating the filte r in at least one other of the compartments. A method for
adapting a filtratio n system for cleaning thereof and a method for withdrawing permeate from a
substrate using a filtration system are also provide

A method of reducing solids fouling between porous membranes in a membrane filtration system of 1
the type having a plurality of membranes mounted, at least at one end, to a header and operable to
withdraw permeate from multicomponent liquid substrate in which said porous membranes are
immersed, the method including rendering a portion of one or more of the membranes, adjacent the
header, inoperativ

The invention disclosed relates to a method and apparatus for separating a mixture containing an 1
aqueous liquid and an immiscible organic phase. Such mixtures are separated into a substantially
organic-free aqueous phase and a substantially aqueous-free organic phase. Productivity is
enhanced by separating as a third product stream, a further organic phase containing onl y small
amounts of an aqueous phase, which for some applications can usefully be combined with the
substantially aqueous-free organic phase. Other means for enhancing productivity are also disclose

The invention relates to a device, in particular suitable for cleaning a fluid, such as water, comprising 1
at least one set (2) of a first membrane cloth (21) and a second membrane cloth (22), each being
permeable to water over substantially their entire length, which membrane cloths (21, 22) are held
taut, substantially parallel to one another in a frame (1), the membran e cloths (21, 22) between them
delimiting a movement path for fluid, the cloth s (21, 22) being displaceable with respect to one
another between a first position, in wich the mutually facing surfaces substantially touch one another,
and a second position, in which the cloths (21, 22) lie at a distan ce from one another and the width of
the movement path for the fluid is greater than in the first position, in which device at least one of the
cloths (21, 22), on the side which faces towards the adjacent cloth (21, 22), is provide d with grooves
(25) or webs for the purpose of forming channels between the cloths (21, 22) in the longitudinal
direction of the cloths, in the first position of the membrane cloths (21, 22

A water purifying apparatus includes a casing having a side seat on eac h of two sides thereof. At 1
least one of the side seats has a first screw hole in a top thereof. A second screw hole is defined in a
top of the casing. A faucet is selectively coupled to one of the first screw hole and the second screw
hole , and the other of the first screw hole and the second screw hole being covered. A water-treating
unit, a mineralizing/biochemical module, and a magnetizing module are mounted in the casing for
treating wate

A membrane supported biofilm reactor uses modules having fine, hollow fibres. The fibres may be 1
formed into a fabric. One or more sheets of the fabric are potted into a module to enable oxygen
containing gas to be supplied to the lumens of the hollow fibre
A filter manifold is provided in a water purification system (20) and includ es at least one filter element 1
(28, 30, 32, 34) for producing relatively purifi ed water, wherein the filter manifold incorporates a shut-
off valve (24) design ed to prevent filter element removal unless the shut-off valve (24) is first switched
to a closed position for turning off the incoming water supply. The shut-off valve (24) includes an
elongated actuator lever (68) which in a normal open position engages and retains a manifold latch
plate (54) in a latched position retaining the at least one filter element (28, 30, 32, 34) in connected
relation with flow couplers to produce purified water. Upon moveme nt of the actuator lever (68) to a
closed position shutting off the incoming water supply, the manifold latch plate (54) can be unlatched
from the at lea st one filter element (28, 30, 32, 34) to permit filter element removal and replacemen

A water purification apparatus for purifying water from a municipal water supply prior to a point of use 1
has multiple water purification units includi ng a carbon filter (20), a particle removing filter (22), and
an ultraviolet light source (24) connected in series. A bypass conduit (18) connected in parallel with
the water purification units permits system maintenance during which the water from the supply can
flow directly to the point of use.

There is disclosed a device adapted to provide water purified to human consumption level, and 1
arranged for connection to a water supply. The device comprises a water purifier, a container for
purified water and connections between the water purifier and the purified water container, The water
purifier includes a filtering system that removes particles present in water to be purified as well as any
undesirable adsorbable material, The filtering system is in fluid communication with the water supply
on the one hand, and the container, on the other hand. The device also includes an ozone generator
and a venturi for injecting ozone in to filtered water downstream of the filtering system, but before
introduction o f the purified water into the container. A pump is arranged to draw water from the water
supply, to feed same to the filtering system, and thereafter to the containe r. The container includes a
bottle adapter imperviously mounted on the container an d adapted for introducing purified water into
the container as well as for recycling purified water to the water purifier, back to said container. An
ozone destruction unit is provided to remove excess ozone that may escape from the purified water
and controls are provided to operate the devic

A process is provided to produce water that will meet the specifications of the United States 1
Pharmacopeia Inc. for Purified Water and Water for Injection, and water for dialysis as circumscribed
by the American Associati on for Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI). The system has no
storage tanks where stagnant water will be fouled by biofilm colonizing the tank surface. Water is
circulated throughout the purification system and drawn as required, on demand. The water is purified
and used immediately or recycled and repurified to ensure quality. Sanitation of the purification
system, maintaining microbiological purity and cleaning is done by controlling the p H so that it is
normally acidic by maintaining a high carbon dioxide concentration in solution, the carbon dioxide
being allowed to pass into the permeate from a reverse osmosis membrane assembly (72,74) used to
purify the wate

A water treatment unit is disclosed which can be mounted directly on the faucet or tap of the user's 1
sink and which contains one or more water treatment media (12) and an operating valve which
permits the selection of several operating modes including service, spray and stream modes. In the
service node the water is treated by at least one if not all of the various water treatment media
contained in the unit housing after which the water is discharged from the valve of the unit for service
use, and the service discharge (92) may be adjusted to direct the treated water as desired by the
user. The valve of the treatment unit includes a housing (50), a stationary member (100), a slide
member (118) and a rotatable switch member unit (160) and may also be operated in a backflush
mode in which water may be directed in the reverse direction through at least one of the water
treatment media to regenerate that media. The volume of flow through the unit may also be sense d to
measure the life of the treatment media to signal when they should be replace
Méthode d'épuration des liquides contaminés qui combine le traitement d e floculation chimique et le 1
traitement électrochimique pour réaliser un effet synergique sur la consommation de produits
chimiques et d'énergie car l'intégration des deux étapes de traitement consomment au total moins de
substances chimiques et d'énergie que si elles étaient réalisées individuellement, pour donner la mê
me performance épuratoire. Installation pour mettre en oeuvre la nouvelle méthode de purification
des liquides contaminés basée sur l'effet synergique qui résulte de l'intégration du traitement de
floculation chimique et du traitement électrochimique, comprenant optionnellement un réservoir de
traitement et un système de filtration ou d'ultrafiltration et au moins un dispositif pour le dosage et
l'injection de coagulant dans l'effluent à traiter, un mélangeur statique et un réacteur électrochimique
muni d'une ou plusieurs cellules électrochimiques dont au moins une cellule d'électrocoagulatio

In various aspects, this invention provides a method or device for the permanent removal of scale 1
producing hardness from water using electrochemical or electromagnetic means to precipitate a
portion of the hardness followed by membrane filtration of the resulting particles as well as other
organic and inorganic particles, protozoa, cysts, bacteria and virus. No chemical addition is required
in the process to produce a chemically soft, clean pure water. The invention would compete with
conventional water softening which may utilize one or more of prefiltration, chemical precipitation,
chemical sequestration, ion-exchange, electrodeionization, nanofiltration or reverse osmosis. A device
using the method may be designed to treat water in household and small commercial water
application

A filtration device having a plurality of membrane modules is provided. Each of the plurality of 1
membrane modules has first and second permeable sheets that are separated by a spacer, a first ring
disposed around a perimeter of a first hole in the first permeable sheet, and a second ring disposed
around a perimeter of a second hole in the second permeable sheet, the second hole in alignment
with the first hole. The first ring of each of the plurality of membrane modules is in abutment with the
second ring of a preceding one of each of the plurality of membrane modules so that the plurality of
membrane modules are interconnected for communication therebetween. Some embodiments further
provide a third sheet that disposed between successively adjacent membrane module

A filter apparatus is provided which includes a first filter membrane element (40a), and a second 1
bacterial filter membrane element. The first viral filter element (40a) is capable of treating water at a
first second flow rate and is adapted to remove contaminants which are larger than a first size, while
the second bacterial filter element (40b) is capable of treating water at a secon, higher flow rate and is
adapted to remove contaminants which are larger than a second contaminant size. The first and
second filter elements (40a), (40b) may be commonly housed within a sealed housing. An
accumulating vessel (60) is placed in fluid communication with an outlet of the first filter element (40a)
and an outlet of the second filter element (40b). The filter apparatus includes a duck bill type check
valve (75) made of an antimicrobial material intermediate the second filter element (40b) and a
dispensing faucet (70

Methods and systems for monitoring and/or controlling membrane separation systems or processes 1
are provided. The present invention utilizes measurable amounts of inert fluorescent tracers and
tagged fluorescent agents added to a feed stream to evaluate and/or control one or more parameters
specific to membrane separation such that performance thereof can be optimized. The methods and
systems of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of different industrial applications
including raw water processing and waste water processin

Methods and systems for monitoring and/or controlling membrane separation systems or processes 1
are provided. The present invention utilizes measurable amounts of inert fluorescent tracer(s) added
to a feed stream to evaluate and/or control the purification of such feed stream during membrane
separation. The methods and systems of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of different
industrial applications including raw water processing and waste water processin
The present invention improves the flow dynamics about the leading edges of the sealed apertures 1
within a filtration cassette by flowing a sealing resin so that it protrudes into the main passageway
defined by the porous screens thereof. The sealing resin defines at least an end portion of a fluid
channe l in each passageway. Desirably, the sealing resin extends into the passageway s so as to
significantly reduce or eliminate the formation of non-uniformities in fluid flow therethrough. The
porous mesh may define apertures shaped so a s to direct the resin during vacuum drawing to a
desired location in the flow channels. The porous mesh may further include a shaped perimetrical
edge whi ch also assists in the drawing of a flowable resin into the porous mesh to further define the
flow channels so as to significantly reduce or eliminate the formation of non-uniformities in the fluid flo

A method of separating a mixture into a plurality of more concentrated products utilizing recirculation 1
and concentration of one product so as to extract a substantially large fraction of another product from
the mixture; and the apparatus utilizing the present method in a system, such as a revers e osmosis
system, capable of very high recovery rates, efficient power usage, and long component life.
Substantially 100% of the concentrate product exiti ng a reverse osmosis filtering device (15)
recirculates through a conduit (18) until the concentration of the concentrate reaches a predetermined
level, as determined by sensor (28) , at which time the concentrate is purged by openi ng of drain
valve (30). This achieves recovery rates, also providing for automated cleaning and maintenance of
the system, thus optimizing life of th e component

Blended polymer membranes for treating aqueous fluids comprising a first hydrophobic and a second 1
hydrophilic component, filters including the membranes, and methods of treating aqueous fluids such
as source water to remove contaminants to a desired level of purification by directing the wate r
through the membranes, are disclose

The present invention relates to a water purification system. This system is portable, compact and 1
produces ultra higher purity water. The system is suitable for use with direct processing from city
water, and includes multip le filtration units, including cartridge pretreatment unit (8), carbon filter (9),
reverse osmosis (10), ultraviolet unit (42), and mixed bed (44), betwee n othe

Biological membrane proteins are incorporated into a co-polymer matrix to produce membranes with 1
a wide variety of functionalities. In one form of the invention, a composite membrane incorporates two
different proteins which cooperate to produce electricity from light. In another form, water transpor t
proteins are embedded in a membrane to enable water purificatio

A wearable or portable intermittently operable hydration system (10) include s a purification module 1
(22) that contains one or more solid state UV devices that are positioned in the path of hydrating fluid,
or water, flow through t he hydration system to a mouthpiece (18) or other orifice. The purification
module (22) provides a path for the fluid past one or more solid state UV devices, such as UV LEDs,
that produce UV radiation in a germicidal range. When the fluid is flowing past the UV LEDs, the LEDs
are turned on to provid e sufficient UV radiation to purify the water. The UV LEDs are instant on
devices with essentially no ramp-up required, and a sensor (20) or other signaling means in the flow
path controls the turning on of the UV LEDs whenever the user initiates the fluid flow. The fluid flow
path may run from a bladder (12) in a backpack (19) worn by the user, a sports bottle worn by or
carried by the user or may be through a water filtration system that a user operates via a pump. The
power for the purification module may come from batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, power converted
from pumping or winding action or any combination thereof. Further, UV LEDs may be included in the
walls of the container as additional or alternative sources of UV radiation. The UV LEDs in the walls
ofthe container may then be turned on when sufficient energy is available, as a precaution against, for
example, a chan ge in environmental condition
Membranes, for example immersed polymeric ultrafiltration or microfiltrati on membranes, are cleaned 1
by contacting them with a chemical cleaner comprising one or more of a gluconate, a hydrosulfite, a
metabisulfite or an acid, for example phosphoric acid. The membranes may have been exposed to
pretreatment involving adding iron or aluminum to water to be treated. Methods for treating a waste
cleaning solution were describe

Production of membranes for nanofiltration, ultrafiltration or microfiltration modules comprises 1

producing membrane comprising hydrophobic polymer blended or coated with hydrophilic polymer,
contacting membrane with potassium, sodium or ammonium persulfate solution without heating, and
crosslinking polymers at temperature above 60 degrees C by dipping membrane in a radical
crosslinking agent.

The present invention relates to compositions and their use for the treatmen t of water. In one
embodiment, the invention provides for a compositions and their use for the treatment of
micoorganisms. This invention also provides compositions and their use to provide clean water in an
environmentally- friendly manner. In another embodiment, the invention provides for compositions and
their use in combination with common equipment for controlling the growth of micro-organisms, such
as with an ozonator or UV-C lamp, in a water system such as in hot tub or pool. Additionally, the
specification describes methods and compositions for controlling the growth of microorganisms in an
aqueous system. Using the methods and compositions, one treats an aqueous system with an
amount effective to control the growth of a t least one microorganism. Accordingly, several advantages
of the invention ar e providing improved water treatment, providing environmentally-friendly treatment,
providing a more user-friendly treatment, and providing water tha t is better for human healt

A system and method for the on-demand on-line treatment of water is disclosed. The system uses
ultra high energy UV light coupled with the introduction of a strong oxidant to induce photo-catalytic
degradation of chemical compounds and biocidal activity. When an agent or substance is detected in
the water the treatment system would be activated.

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of water containing a contaminant, said
process comprising the steps of: (a) adding a sufficient quantity of hydrogen peroxide to the water;
and (b) radiating the water with ultraviolet rays during a sufficient time for allowing decomposition of
the contaminant until said treatment is achieve

[From equivalent US2008264607] A method and device for removing scaling from the interior of a 1
conduit used in a heat transfer device, the method comprising the steps of diverting a portion of the
fluid from the conduit, passing the diverted portion through a filter, passing the filtered portion through
a magnetic field, and reintroducing the fluid into the conduit. The method of the present invention can
also be used with chillers to control bacterial growth therein.

The inventive water processing device for producing drinking water comprises a substantially
cylindrical housing, means (2) for introducing a treatable wat er and means (3) for discharging the
treated water which interact with the housing (1), and a plurality of means forming UV lamps (4),
wherein said device is characterised in that said UV lamp forming means are arranged insi de said
housing in such a way that the longitudinal axes of at least several of them form a non-zero and
different from 90~ angle with the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical housing (1
A treatment tank for treating waste water or other liquid is provided. The treatment tank has an interior 1
cavity of the treatment tank, a liquid introduction system f or introducing a liquid to be treated, into a
top end of the treatment tank, an exit aperture for removing liquid from a bottom end of the treatment
tank and a plurality of removable layers of filter media. The removable layers of filter media are
spaced substantially vertically in the treatment tank between the top end of the treatment tank and the
bottom end of the treatment tank. Each layer of filter media has a permeable sheet adjacent a bottom
surface of the layer of filter media, the permeable sheet allowing liquid to pass through the permeable
sheet but preventing filter media in the layer of filter media from passing through the permeable shee

A portable, potable-water generator for producing high-purity liquid water by condensation of water 1
vapor from ambient air. The generator (125) employs an air filter (119) to remove particulates and
aerosols from the incoming air. An enclosed heat absorber cools the filtered air to its dew point and
collects droplets of condensate into a condensate collector (5). Before discharge, the collected dew is
treated in a bacteriostat loop to destroy adventitious living organisms and to filter out undesirable and
dangerous contaminants. A recirculation loop provides the ability to recirculate stored condensate,
including during periods of inactivity. Further, quick disconnect fittings (55b) and variable length
flexible tubing allows use of the invention to serve remote dispensers and/or appliances and allow use
of municipal water treated through the apparatus in low condensate situation

The super oxidation, coagulation and flocculation system is applicable to water and wastewater
chemical treatment in which oxidation, coagulation and flocculation processes take place in a single
vessel. The apparatus and process can be used for treatment of domestic and industri al water and
wastewater for removal of organic and inorganic contaminants. The oxidation process can be
provided by several oxidizing chemicals such a s ozone, hydrogen peroxide, potassium
permanganate, chlorine and Ultra Violet Lights, and the coagulation process can be accomplished
with several coagulants such as aluminum sulphide, ferric chloride, ferric sulphate. Selection of the
chemicals depends on the quality of the water or wastewater to be treated and the treated water
quality required, and it covers a wide range o f impurities to be removed and specifically difficult to
oxidize hydrocarbons and chlorinate d organics, and iron, manganese, uranium, arsenic, cyanide,
hydrogen sulphide. The apparatus and the process are economical and have a small installation
footprint as several processes take place in a single vesse

A syphon filtration system is a low head, small foot print, long operating cycle, gravity filtration system 1
for treatment of water and wastewater. The filtration system is an apparatus and process with one-
stage or two-stage filtration process in one vessel. The filtration system can use different filtration
media of sand, anthracite and activated carbon or other proprietary filtration media. The one-stage
filtration system is applicable to removal of suspended solids or dissolved impurities. The two-stage
filtration system can provide a combination of two different filtration processes for removal of
suspended solids and dissolved impurities. The one-stage filtration system has low head room
requirements, and the two-stage filtration system has small foot print requirements. In the two-stage
filtration system, each filtration stage can be backwashed independently or both stages can be
backwashed simultaneously. The filtration system uses novel syphon piping and controls design
which extend the filtration operating cycle and reduce the filter apparatus headroom, and the filter
backwash water volume requirement

A method and apparatus for purifying water are provided. A feed water suc h as seawater can be fed 1
to a filter such as a microporous or nanof iltratio n membrane (110) to produce a permeate (160) that
can, in turn, be fed to an electrodeionization (120) system to produce fresh wate
A water purification system and method for the use and maintenance service of said system, whereby
a combination of a primary ion exchange resin element, a secondary ion exchange resin element, a
water quality monitor placed so as to indicate that the primary resin element is exhausted and the
secondary resin element is being used, activated carbon elements, sterilizing or sanitizing filters, and
sanitizing components such as UV radiation, or other sanitizing technologies, is used to produce
purified water for consumption or other intended use. Both the primary and secondary ion exchange
resin elements are comprised of one or more mixed bed ion exchange resin unit(s), or one or more
paired set(s) of anion and cation exchange resin units arranged in series. The system's redundant ion
exchange resin configuration allows purification to continue after the resin in the primary resin
element is exhausted and can no longer remove unwanted impurities in the water. A monitor is used
to detect when maintenance service of the primary resin element is required. The redundant or
secondary resin element continues to remove impurities from the water, allowing the user and/or
maintenance service provider flexibility and tractability in scheduling system maintenance without
significant interruption of on-line supply of purified wate

N/A 1

A DEMWAX~ water treatment system includes membrane modules (102) and a co llection channel 1
(104). The membrane modules (102) are submerged at depth an d tethered to one or more anchors
(100) on the ocean floor. A breathing tube (106) extends between the collection channel (104) and a
buoy (108) floatin g on the surface of the ocean to expose the collection channel to atmospheri c
pressure. A pump (110) pumps the permeate from the collection channel (104 ) to shore through a
permeate pipe (112). One or more permeate storage tanks (114) can optionally be disposed within the
system, for example, as part of or extending from the collection channel (104), to provide extra storag

The invention relates to a device and a process for purifying water (H) w hich is contaminated with 1
sulphate ions and heavy metal ions, wherein the wa ter (H) is collected (20) in a water reservoir (W)
and a substance (B) havin g basic activity in water (H) is fed (21) to the water reservoir (W) in such a
manner that a precipitant having heavy metal ions is precipitated from th e water (H), wherein at least
a subquantity of water is taken off (22) from the water reservoir and is separated (24) into pure water
(R) which is subst antially freed from sulphate ions and heavy metal ions and dirty water (S) w hich is
enriched with sulphate ions and heavy metal ions, and wherein the di rty water (S) is at least in part
recirculated (25) to the water reservoir ( W), as a result of which a concentration of sulphate ions in
the water reser voir is achieved such that a precipitant having sulphate ions is precipitate d from the
water. This invention permits a technically simple and inexpensiv e purification of water which is
contaminated with sulphate ions and heavy m etal ion

A process has been found which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the overall filtration 1
system, b> i educing the fouling of the microf ilUatio.pi. system, thereby increasing its permeability
and reducing the fre quency of cleanings necessary According to one embodiment of the inv ention,
cationic coagulant is used to treat water in the ear!) stages of a water tr eatment system, and to
coagulate and flocculate the contaminants, and thereb y resulting m reduced fouling of the
microfiltration system, resulting in in ciease flux, less deposit of colloidal and particulate solids and
dissolv ed organics on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, therein reducing t he frequency
and duration of the membrane cleaning and ultimate replaceme
An electrochlorination and electrochemical system for the on-site generat ion and treatment of
municipal water supplies and other reservoirs of water, by using a custom mixed oxidant and mixed
reductant generating system for t he enhanced destruction of water borne contaminants by creating
custom oxida tion-reduction- reactant chemistries with real time monitoring. A range of c hemical
precursors are provided that when acted upon in an electrochemical c ell either create an enhanced
oxidation, or reduction environment for the de struction or control of contaminants. Chemical agents
that can be used to co ntrol standard water quality parameters such as total hardness, total alkali nity,
pH, total dissolved solids, and the like are introduced via the chemic al precursor injection subsystem
infrequently or in real time based on senso r inputs and controller set point

There is disclosed a beverage dispenser capable of appropriately and smoothly supplying a 1

supercooled beverage without being influenced by a type of raw water. The present invention is a
beverage dispenser 1 comprising: a raw water treatment device 63 which deaerates raw water and/or
filters the raw water through a reverse osmosis film; a primary cooling device 13 which cools said raw
water to an ice point or so; a raw water supply circuit 59 which supplies the raw water cooled by the
primary cooling device 13 to the outside; a secondary cooling device 30 which cools the raw water
flowing through the raw water supply circuit 59 into the supercooled state at the solidifying point or
less; and a syrup circuit 53 which supplies a syrup to the raw water supplied to the outside through a
heat exchanger 61 for supercooling the raw water of the secondary cooling device 3

Embodiments of the invention include a system and a method of monitoring in real-time, using a close
loop feed-back configuration, the concentration of an active chemical substance, such as an oxidizing
agent, in a water treatment system combining oxidation processes and enhanced by ultraviolet ligh

Disclosed herein are systems and process integrating the chemical-free oxidation of a photocatalytic
decontamination process with a biological decontamination system to eliminate the THM and HAA
precursors in drinking water. In one embodiment, a system may comprise a source providing fluid
media contaminated with toxic natural organic matter, and a photocatalytic decontamination
subsystem configured to oxidize the toxic natural organic matter via a photocatalytic process into non-
toxic natural organic matter having a molecular weight low enough for biodegrading said non-toxic
matter. The system may include a biological decontamination subsystem configured to immediately
receive the contaminated fluid output from the photocatalytic decontamination subsystem, and
employing a biological agent to biologically degrade the low-molecular weight non-toxic natural
organic matter in the contaminated fluid to a concentration sufficient to prevent the formation of
trihalomethanes or haloacetic acids. Also, such a system may include a disinfectant sub-system
configured to disinfect the fluid output from the biological decontamination subsyste

A sour water treating system includes a condensate stripper (80) configured to produce raw sour
water, a condensate stripper cooler (90) coupled in flow communication with the condensate stripper,
the condensate stripper cooler configured to receive the raw sour water from the condensate stripper,
an outlet line (240) configured to channel the raw sour water from the condensate stripper cooler, and
a treatment unit (96,200,300) coupled in flow communication between the condensate stripper cooler
and the outlet line, the treatment unit configured to substantially remove contaminates from the raw
sour water via a chemical reactio

An apparatus of produced water treatment, to be adopted in an in-situ recovery method of producing 1

bitumen from oil sand, the apparatus capable of removing the oil from produced water, the produced
water of being left by separating the bitumen from bitumen-mixed fluid having been recovered from
the oil sand, the apparatus having: a vessel for receiving the produced water; a submerge type
filtration membrane module, installed in the vessel, for filtering the produced water in the condition of
the membrane being submerged in the produced water; and a bubble generator for generating
bubbles to be forwarded toward the submerged filtration membrane in the produced wate
The present invention relates to the process of re -mineralizing treated potabie water that has had 1
hardness components removed by dissolving a magnesium compound in the treated water. The
resulting concentration of magnesium, p?i level and alkalinity level are controlled by the inclusion of a
calcium compound such as calcium carbonate and a bypass orifice. The bypass orifice allows a
portion of pretreated wafer to bypass a filter that contains the magnesium compound. The process is
particularly useful as an in-line process for continuous or semi-continuous treatment of water. The
preferred magnesium and calcium compounds include magnesium phosphate dibasic tphydrate and
calcium carbonate, respectivel

A method and a device for the treatment of water. The device has a housing comprising an inlet for 1
receiving and an outlet for discharging a volume of water; a first filter media, positioned within the
housing comprising an acidic cation exchange resin capable of exchanging at least a portion of metal
cations in the volume of water with non-metal cations such that the volume of water exiting the first
filter media is reduced in metal cation content; and a second filter media positioned within the housing
comprising a weakly basic anion exchange resin capable of exchanging at least a portion of the basic
anions in the volume of water, where the first filter media or the second filter media are optionally
mixed with a particulate activated carbon. Methods of treating water using the device are disclosed
and describe

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

In the water purification process, a filter packing (7) is used which is elastically and easily 1
compressible and returns to its original shape. For this purpose ground plastic foam is suitable having
a particle size from 0.1 to 75 mm which can be easily regenerated. Filtration is performed from bottom
to top in an apparatus having a vessel (33) and regeneration is performed from top to bottom. During
the filtration, the filter packing (7) acts as a bed filter. If the pores are blocked, the filter packing charge
is loosened by interrupting the water feed. After loosening, the filter packing is regenerated from top to
bottom by discharging the liquid from the filter chamber (6).

Water is demineralised by passing it through a magnetic container and filtering it with a reverse 1
osmosis membrane immediately downstream of the container. A device for carrying out the process is
also claimed. The container pref. has permanent magnets. The membrane may be housed in a filter
vessel with a valved drain. USE/ADVANTAGE - For coffee machines, steam cookers, laboratories,
garages, or desalination. The surface tension of the water in the filter is reduce
A filter appts. comprises a chamber with a fluid inlet and outlet. A UV lamp is mounted in the chamber. 1
A baffle extends across the fluid flow path through the chamber. The baffles has opposed first and
second surfaces, the first positioned adjacent the fluid inlet. It has a central aperture to surround the
lamp. It is shaped to allow and control fluid flow through it so that the fluid spirals around the lamp.
Pref. a water sterilising appts. comprises a block-shaped box closed at the front by a cover and in
which is a tray holding three cylindrical filtering chambers. The first two include replaceable refills
containing resin and charcoal filters. The third chamber contains a UV lamp. The box has a rear water
inlet, solenoid valve actuated by a microswitch, an on/off switch, a monitor lamp and a water outlet
spou

Processing of contaminated cleaning liquors and alkaline process solns. is carried out by cross-flow 1
filtration using ceramic membranes with a partition limit of 0.005-1.4 mu

A water treatment process which reduces the carbon dioxide concentration, passing pre-treated water 1
leaving the first reverse osmosis unit through a bed of charged weakly-cationic exchange resin,
before entering the second, is new. To reduce carbon dioxide concentration, pre-treated water leaving
the first reverse osmosis unit (1) is passed through a bed (14) of charged weakly-cationic exchange
resin, before entering the second (9). An Independent claim is included for the corresponding water
treatment plant. Preferred features: The resin is charged with alkali metal-, especially sodium ions
ions or ammonium ions. In addition, flow into the second reverse osmosis unit (9) is joined by water
leaving the concentrate outlet (13) of the second unit, which has first been passed through a second
bed of weakly cationic exchange resin (15). Beds are interchanged at intervals. Bed percolate may be
added to concentrate from the second unit, and supplied to join feed water to the first unit. To
compensate cation loss, lye is dosed to concentrate from the second unit, before entry into the bed.
The second reverse osmosis unit has a positively-charged semipermeable membrane. Permeate
leaving the second unit is treated in a further resin bed with weakly acidic resin. Pure water is
recovered as percolate from the bed. Permeate leaving the second reverse osmosis unit passes to a
third reverse osmosis unit (16), for which connections are detailed. The second membrane may be
negatively charge

A pump (1) extracts contaminated water, sending it through a feedline to a storage tank (2) through an 1
internal sand filter (3). A second pump (4) extracting water from the tank, is followed by a disinfection
filter (5) directly ahead of the extraction point (6) for potable water. The first pump is manually-
operated using a swinging lever (7). The second pump is a hand-cranked (8) piston-membrane unit. A
bypass line (11) is connected around the first pump, using three-way valves (9, 10). The first pump
and both of the 3-way valves can be back-washed from the sand filter outlet. Supply tank, sand- and
disinfection filters share a common casing (13). A supply tank venting filter (14), is connected to the
top of the casing. An overflow line (15) is connected to the upper edge of the storage tank, and
discharges into the open. The supply tank base (16) slopes down to its center or edg

Portable container comprises a flexible deformable bag (1) with a transparent side (1') made from a
laminated UV-C transparent material for receiving and storing UV energy and a thermally insulated
opaque side (1'') made from a laminated black absorbent material for storing the energy for the
sterilization of water. Inside the container is a sterilizer or UV sterilizing lamp powered by a built-in
solar panel. An independent claim is included for a machine for the sterilization of non-potable water.
The machine comprises an entry conduit for non-potable water, a filter, a radiant energy sterilization
source, a water pump, means of energy generation, means of energy storage and control and a
drinking water outle
The treatment system comprises a liquid supply to be treated and a filter module (1) having hollow 1
fibers (2). The module comprises an inlet (4) for the liquid to be treated, two permeate outlets (5, 8)
and a concentrate outlet (6) in which the flow of liquid feed is divided into a main stream and a
secondary stream according to a proportion predetermined by splitters. A main outlet of the splitter
receiving the main stream is connected at the module inlet. A secondary outlet receiving the
secondary flow is connected to one of permeate outlet of the module. The treatment system
comprises a liquid supply to be treated and a filter module (1) having hollow fibers (2). The module
comprises an inlet (4) for the liquid to be treated, two permeate outlets (5, 8) and a concentrate outlet
(6) in which the flow of liquid feed is divided into a main stream and a secondary stream according to
a proportion predetermined by splitters. A main outlet of the splitter receiving the main stream is
connected at the module inlet. A secondary outlet receiving the secondary flow is connected to one of
permeate outlet of the module so that both sides of the hollow fibers get liquid of same concentration
but at different pressure and in quantity. The main flow and the secondary flow comprise 95% and 5%
of the feeding flow of liquid respectively. The dividing unit comprises a bypass and regulating valve.
An independent claim is included for a process for the treatment of liquid e.g. salt wate

[From equivalent CN1721048A] This invention discloses energy-recovery device for strong brine 1
based on desalination technique by reverse osmosis, which comprises hydraulic cylinder with guide
bar connected to piston; water inlet three-way solenoid valve with one end connected to end of guide
bar, and other two ends connected separately to water outlets of low and high pressure water-feed
pumps; drainage three-way solenoid valve with one end connected to the hydraulic cylinder end far
away guide bar, and other two ends connected to strong brine discharge pipes of reverse osmosis
membrane; sensor, to obtain the position signal of piston; controller, to control the synchronized open
and shut of two aforementioned three-way solenoid valves. It has high efficiency, runs stably, switches
quickly and fit to spread in industr

[From equivalent CN1800040A] The invention provides a drinking machine for water-saving and 1
water purification which not only uses membrane separation technique, but also saves water. Multi-
filter the water by means of micro filter membrane(MF), ultra filter membrane(UF), reverse osmosis
membrane(RO or nano filter membrane NF) to get water with stringent specification and high
purification for drinking and using. RO water-purifying machine in domestic and foreign market is
combined by two membranes: micro filter membrane(MF), hyper filter membrane(UF), whose
extraction rate for water purification is about 15í½20úÑ. That means: every time we produce 1 ton
pure water, at the same time, we have to dump 4~5 ton water. We develop the water-purifying
machine (domestic pipeline split water-provider of water-saving type) on the base of the membrane
theories and concentrate the concept on water-saving. And add ultra filter membrane(UF) to conduct
preprocessing of reverse osmosis membrane. Change the working principle to: add circulating tank of
special design to extract circulatively without wasting a drop wate

[From equivalent CN1807275A] The invention discloses a dynamic microfiltration membrane module 1
for water treatment technique, which comprises: a filter chamber contained a micropore on wall, a
recoil inlet pipe and a filter outlet pipe both on side surface, and an air-exhaust pipe on top; and a filter
network folded into a concave-convex curve to fix on the front and back walls of the filter chamber.
Wherein, connecting the filter chamber lower end to a backwash gas-distribution system with an
aeration header and a distributing pipe connected to the gas inlet pipe; connecting supporting parts
with concave-convex surface on upper and lower ends of the filter chamber to lay the filter network,
fixing the firmware for concave-convex surface on the network, and setting both the outside of
supporting part and firmware inside with the opposite curves as the network. The opposite water
treatment technique comprises: hanging the membrane, filtering, outputting water, and clearing the
dynamic membrane. This invention enhances the membrane packing density, reduces cost, and
prolongs membrane service lifetim

[From equivalent CN1872704A] This invention provides a device for preventing the invasion of 1
marine creature to ships by combination of microporous membrane filtration and UV radiation. The
device comprises a water inlet, valves, a primary filtration unit, a pump, manometers, a microporous
ceramic filter, a UV radiation unit and a water outlet. The microporous ceramic filter is composed of a
water inlet, a microporous tunnel on the water inlet, and a water outlet. The device has such
advantages as no damage to the physical and chemical properties of water, low influence to the
environment, low volume, low energy consumptio
[From equivalent CN1760140A] A ceramic membrane pretreating method for the seawater to be 1
desalinated by reverse osmosis features that after the seawater is pressurized to 0.05-0.8 MPa, it is
forced to flow through a ceramic membrane filter unit. It can greatly decrease the load of reverse
osmosis process and increase the quality and output of fresh wate

[From equivalent CN1837104A] The invention discloses a condensate water treatment system and 1
method, which comprises the following parts: original water tank, at least one micro-filter, at least one
fibre adsorption tank, pure water box, on-line water quality discriminating system, DCS total
distributed control system, pipe and valve. The invention is characterized by the following: dealing
when the condensation water dosen't reduce to the nomal temperature; dislodging oil, high valence
metallic ion and particulate mass of condensation water and entering condensation water of the
temperature>=85 deg.c; using semi-regenerated method to regenerate the system by the vapor of the
temperature between 160 deg.c and 250 deg.

[From equivalent CN1830838A] A process based on two-stage membrane filter technique for 1
preparing the nanofiltered water able to be directly drunk includes such steps as microfiltering the
running water to obtain microfiltered water and the concentrated water to be recovered, nanofiltering
to obtain nanofiltered water and the concentrated water to be recovered, decoloring and deodoring by
chromatographic column to obtain the target water, and collecting said two kinds of concentrated wate

[From equivalent CN1872721A] This invention provides a method for treating drinking water capable 1
of replacing antiseptic agent. The equipment comprises a mixing reactor, a flocculating reactor, a
complex double-layer filter column, a hyperfiltration membrane filter, and a clean water container. The
high-performance composite flocculants comprise: potassium permanganate 20-30 wt.%, ferrous
sulfate 5-10 wt.%, ferric sulfate 30-40 wt.%, sodium sulfite 5-10 wt.%, polyacrylamide 1-3 wt.%,
calcium hydroxide 0-3 wt.%, calcium chloride 1-4 wt.%, magnesium sulfate 0-3 wt.%, and sodium
silicate 5-10 wt.%. The complex filtering column comprises an upper active alumina layer, a middle
quartz sand layer, and a lower supporting layer. The hyperfiltration membrane is a hollow fiber
membrane. This invention does not need any sterilizing unit, and can keep the biostability of the
effluent wate

[From equivalent CN1542147A] The nanofiltration process is suitable for Mg-Li separation and Li 1
enriching of Li containing bittern or Li containing solution from salt lake to prepare lithium carbonate or
lithium chloride with the Li enriching bittern. Nanofiltration membrane is used in separating and
enriching lithium from lithium containing bittern, which contains Mg, Ca and other cations and sulfate
radical and other anions and has Li ion concentration of 0.1-11.5 g/L and Mg/Li ion weight ratio 1-200,
to obtain lithium enriched bittern suitable for preparing lithium carbonate or lithium chloride. The said
process is effective, and can obtain lithium enriched bittern with Mg/Li ion weight ratio 0.6-5 and Li ion
content of 0.6-20 g/

[From equivalent CN101045567A] A ceramic film type water cleaning appliance with far infrared and 1
negative ion functions is composed of casing with running water inlet and clean water outlet, top cover
and ceramic film type filter core, which is proportionally prepared from diatomite, adhesive,
consumable substance, tourmalinite powder and the powder of Chinese medical stone through
mixing, grinding, shaping and calcinin

[From equivalent CN1994905A] The invention discloses a double-rotary disc coupling typed pressure 1
exchanger of seawater or bitter saline water reverse osmosis desalination system, which comprises
the following parts: cylinder, left rotary disc, right rotary disc, left end lid, right end lid and middle axle.
The invention increases single set disposing load of pressure exchanger, which reduces rotary speed
to flow working liquid continuity and stabilit
[From equivalent CN1974422A] The present invention is household water treating method and 1
system with antioxidant reverse osmosis film. In the household water pipeline, are set successively a
pressure limiting valve to limit the water pressure, a ultrafiltering water purifier to treat water initially to
obtain sanitary water, and a antioxidant reverse osmosis unit with reverse osmosis film to treat partial
water into pure water, with the concentrated water flowing out the reverse osmosis film being returned
to the sanitary water treating unit. The present invention has simple water pre-treating process, low
system operation pressure, less leakage possibility, low running cost and other advantage

[From equivalent CN1884102A] The invention discloses a water purifying device, which comprises
the following parts: reserving tank from inlet, secondary pressurized pump, secondary water-
supplying pressure tank, secondary water-supplying tank, purifier and ore purifying tank behind
purifier, wherein the filter layer, activated carbon layer, medical stone layer, coral sand and pearl sand,
quartz sand layer, activated carbon layer with loop magnesium, mineral ball layer and ceramic sand
layer are overlapped on the porous suspending board of ore purifying tank bottom from upwards to
downwards; the ultraviolet disinfecting lamp protected by sealed glass lid is set on three-elevation
bottom of water reserving tank and secondary water-supplying tank; the lid and inlet pipe with water
level self-valve are set on the top of secondary water-supplying tank and ore purifying tank with outlet
pipe and cleaning drainage pipe on the bottom. The invention can be urban water-supplying
equipment of secondary pressurization, which is fit for centralized urban-rural or self-supplying
terminals to purify and steriliz

[From equivalent CN1962044A] The invention relates to an immersing optical catalyst ceramic film 1
reactor, wherein the liquid groove (1) via worm pump (2) and inlet valve (10 is connected to the inlet
(16) of reaction groove (3); the outlet (17) of reaction groove (3) via the cycle valve (11) is connected
to the liquid groove (1);the cover (5) of reaction groove (3) is mounted with at least one ultraviolet
reactor (15) and at least one ceramic film tube (6); the outer wall of tube (6) is coated with inorganic
porous material as TiO2 to form penetrate film (18) with photo catalysis function; the tube (6) is
connected to the sealing filter liquid acceptor (8) connected to the vacuum pump (9); the acceptor (8)
is mounted with filter liquid outlet valve (13

[From equivalent CN1807268A] The invention provides a dual-film water treatment system with a pre- 1
treatment unit, a desalinization unit, and a pressure liquid tank between former units. Wherein, storing
the energy into the liquid tank to transport liquid to the desalinization unit and kick-back liquid to the
pre-treatment unit. The opposite dual-film water treatment method makes full use of the stored
pressure in the tank and pressure drop to perform transient impulse backflushing with fast speed and
small liquid consumption. This invention is simple and reliabl

[From equivalent CN1803645A] The large-power centralized-control water treatment system with
ozone and UV ray comprises: some ozone sheets 2 generated ozone concentration 10-20 times to
traditional ozone generator, some UV lamps 3, a large-power switch power 1 with output end
connected to said sheet 2 and lamp 3 to control them for sterilization and disinfection treatment, and a
pond 4. Wherein, the ozone can mixes with water to kill bacteria and virus and reacts with toxic
material in water to remove them; then, it uses UV lamp to radiate the treated water in a short
distance for further treatment. This invention treats the water to a high standar

The present invention discloses one kind of column type membrane assembly and its production 1
process, and aims at providing one kind of column type membrane assembly with long service life
and high output water quality. The membrane assembly is provided with water inlet, water outlet,
spare port and concentrated liquid exit, and has fibers between the water inlet resin fixing layer and
the water outlet resin fixing layer, water orifices inside resin fixing layers, filler inside the water inlet
resin fixing layer and flexible resin protecting layer inside the water inlet resin fixing layer and the
water outlet resin fixing layer. The membrane assembly has high output water quality and long service
lif
Put ozone generator, ultraviolet lights, pumps, power supply and controller assemble in a special
pontoon, to form a floating ozone water treatment device on the water's surface; it is easy to move to
any place, directly into the water for treatmen

A cellulose hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with figure-type hole support layer dissymmetrical 1
structure; the process is: 1) mixing, solving and debubbling the NMMO .H2O 88-93wt% with and fiber
in 95DEG C to prepare uniform casting film solution which cellulose concentration is 7-12wt%; 2)
weaving the residual solvent in films; 4) plasticizing it with 30% -50% glycerol and preparing the wet
hollow film. Compared with traditional renewable and modified cellulose film, the crystallinity,
mechanical strength, the capabilities of resistance organic solvents, alkali and acid of the hollow film
is good, the anti-pollution capability is stronger, and the water treatment prospect is goo

The invention disclosed the preparation of polyacrylic acid/ cellulose acetyl (PAA/CA) complex film 1
which is application of casting film method in complex film preparation. The process steps include:
preparaing of ternary casting film solution, dissolving polyacrylic acid (PAA) into water, adding
ethandiol and aluminum nitrate binary cross linker and completing the preparation; soaking and
preprocessing the cellulose acetyl (CA) support membrane; coating the support membrane uniformly
which is soaked and preprocessed in clean water to prepare the gel PAA film; then completing the
preparation of complex film after drying, dewatering, heat treating and cross bonding. Because of the
cross bonding action of ethandiol and aluminum nitrate to PAA and the complete of heat cross
bonding to PAA with programmer warming-up, the invention solves the film stability in water solution
and the preemptive water permeability of ester and water mixture in the preparation of PAA/CA
permeable carburetion (PV) complex film, the separating property of PV is excellent. The technology
applies to PAA/CA complex film production which uses the commodity-grade cellulose acetate (CA)
porous membrane as support fil

The invention discloses a domestic water purifier, which comprises the following parts: ozone water 1
generator (7), micro-hole film filter (9), heating device and circulating freezing system, wherein the
gas-water mixing device is set in the ozone water generator; the heater is composed of time-open
heater (6) and rapid heater (5) in connection with micro-hole film filter (9); two heaters and freezing
system connect tap through pip

The invention discloses a disposing method of micro-polluted effluent, which is characterized by the 1
following: adding coagulant aid into micro-polluted effluent; blending coagulant aid and micro-polluted
effluent; obtaining the fluid of composition evenly; flowing the composition through ultrasonic
reinforced condensing reactor, sediment or filtering device; accelerating the moving speed; forming
larger suspension material; sedimenting or filtering to remove impurity effectivel

An energy-saving potential difference type multi-layer defluorinating biosterilizing apparatus for the 1
drinking water source is prepared from active aluminum hydroxide as filtering material, tricalcium
phosphate particles, corundum-type nano-TiO2, polyhexamethylene guanidine, polypeptide and
activated carbon through calcining, proportional mixing, heating while stirring, solidifying, compressing
and loading in apparatu
Production of anion-polyacrylamide is carried out by adding coated hydrolytic reagent into acrylamide
solution purified and frozen, agitating, inducing into nitrogen while repelling oxygen for 15-20mins,
initiation polymerizing by ultraviolet radiation for 20mins-2hrs, dissolving for coated hydrolytic reagent,
hydrolyzing, keeping temperature at 70-100degree for 2.0-3.0hrs, granulating, drying andcrushing to
obtain the final product. It's simple, has high molecular weight, and excellent dissolvability. It can be
used for water treatment, solid-liquid separation and third oil extractio

A water-saving reverse-osmosis water purifying machine comprises a machine case and a membrane 1
filtration device for reverse-osmosis treatment of water comprising a booster pump inside the machine
case, a reverse-osmosis membrane filtration assembly, a pressure-resistance purified water storage
bucket, pipelines, joints, valves, and a control circuit, which is characterized in that inside the machine
case is arranged a mixing water storage tank, and the impurity-containing water outlet of the reverse-
osmosis membrane filtration assembly is connected with the mixing water-storage tank via a pipeline;
the water pipe to be treated which is jointed with the water inlet joint on the machine case is divided
into two branched pipes, wherein, the first branched pipe is connected to the inlet of the booster pump
via the mixing water-storage tank, and the second branched pipe meets with the impurity-containing
water from the mixing water-storage tank and then is connected to the non-purified water outlet of the
machine case. In the invention, the impurity-containing water treated by reverse-osmosis membrane
can be efficiently reclaimed and reused, thereby preventing wasting of water resource,
simultaneously, prolonging the service life of membrane, and improving economic benefit. Additionally,
the invention is provided with reasonable structur

The invention discloses hydrophilic polyethylene hollow fiber microporous membrane and preparation 1
process thereof. Said membrane is characterized in that it mainly comprises polyethylene, amphoteric
copolymer containing polyethylene oxide, and inorganic nano particles. The membrane preparing
process is carried out based on thermally induced phpase separation and surface segregation
principles, comprising the steps of (1) preparing membrane blank by fusion and blending of
amphoteric copolymer containing polyethylene oxide, diluent, and inorganic nano particles; (2)
preparing hollow fiber membrane precursor by hollow process spinning of membrane blank in molten
state; (3) extracting diluent in hollow fiber membrane precursor by using organic solvent to obtain said
hydrophilic polyethylene hollow fiber microporous membrane, wherein the porosity of said membrane
is between 40% and 80%, and average pore diameter is between 0.1mum and 5.0mum. The
microporous membrane in the invention has the characteristics of high hydrophilicity, narrow pore size
distribution, high strength, and good chemical stability, and serves as micro-filtration and ultra-filtration
membrane material with high performance, low cost, pollution resistance, and long serve life for water
treatmen

The present invention relates to a method of cooperative control of alga in a water body comprising
silver carp and cladophora, which relates to a water treatment method and solves the problem of that
the usage of chemical agent for removing alga is harmful to human health, the usage of microstrainer
and the flotation removal of algae have high cost, the ozone, ultraviolet or laser treatment for
removing alga has a limited scale, and the common waaterrthacinth for removing alga causes
ecological damage. In the present invention, silver carp is cultured in eutrophication water body with a
culturing density of 60~100 g/m and a single weight of 60~200 g; a floating net cage is arranged in the
eutrophication water body, which is an open net cage made from stainless wire net having an
aperture of 3~7 mm, wherein nylon wire nets having an aperture of 1.2~1.8 cm is arranged inside of
the net cage which are parallel with each other and are vertical with the bottom of the net cage,
besides, the four corners of the upper bottom of the floating net cage are provided with floater, by
which the side walls of the floating net cage can overtop the water level by 0.2~0.5 m; the distance
between the adjacent two net cages is 10~15 times of the length or width of the net cage; if
cladophora grows on the nylon wire, the cladophora is collected. The present invention can reduce
the alga content and the trophic level in raw water of water plant effectively and can greatly improve
the water qualit
A process for treating the water-ballast of ship by high-grade oxidizing technique based on free
radicals of sulfuric acid in order to kill the microbes in it includes such steps as filtering,
addingpersulfate or hydrogen monoperoxysulfate salt, generating the free radicals of sulfuric acid by
thermo-decompsoing, ultraviolet decomposing, gamma-ray radiation, or metallic ion' s catalytic
decomposing, and reaction between said free radicals and water-ballas

The invention relates to a method for preparing composite nanofiltration membrane, to the field of film 1
separating technology. The electrolyte multilayer film is assembled on the substrate film as an
ultrathin separating film using layers static self-assembly technology, to obtain the composite
nanofiltration membrane. The preparation method alternately immerges the substrate film into the
polyanion solution and the polycation solution to alternately and repeatedly aggrade on the surface of
the substrate film to get the composite nanofiltration membrane ultrathin separating layer after the
assemble of a certain layers. The said polyanion solution is sodium polystyrene sulfonate or sodium
polyacrylate; the said polycation solution is poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride or polyallyl
ammonium chloride, and the said substrate film is polyethersulfone ultrafiltration film or polysulfone
ultrafiltration film. The method of the invention has a simple process, and the thickness of ultrathin
separating layer is controlled. The compositenanofiltration membrane has a using foreground in the
field of sea water and bitter desalination, sewage disposal and callback, ultra pure water preparation
and so o

The invention discloses an antibacterial cellulose acetate nanofiltration membrane and a preparation 1
method thereof. The casting film liquid, composed of 5-14% by weight of secondary cellulose acetate,
3-9% by weight of cellulose triacetated, 15-24% by weight of acetone, 1-5% by weight of maleic acid,
50-55% by weight of dioxane, 5-12% by weight of porogens that is methanol or ethanol and chemical
modified nano-particle, is treated to obtain the antibacterial cellulose acetate natrium filter film after
filtrating, debubbling, film flotation on the base cloth, solidifying in the gel baith and post processing.
The invention brings the plasm chemical modified antibacterial nano-particle into the cellulose acetate
nanofiltration membrane to make the nanofiltration membrane have a strong bacteriostasis and
sterilization function, and the surface of the nanofiltration membrane is hard to absorb alga and
animalcule to raise the use life and the service efficiency of the nanofiltration membrane remarkably.
The antibacterial cellulose acetate nanofiltration membrane prepared based on the invention has the
advantage of a steady structural properties, a strong erosion-resisting vharacteristics by animalcule
and a high water flux of the film. The invention can be broadly used in the field of treatment of ground
drinking water, biological pharmacy and the pretreatment of sea water desalinatio

The invention relates to a method and equipment for deep purification of air or water and recycling
and reuse in low cost and high speed. The polluted fluid such as air or water is processed by
preprocessing portion 1 to eliminate impurity such as dust, oil, and then flows into microwave-
photocatalytic reaction part 2 for rapidly decomposition, mineralizing all organic and inorganic
contaminant by concerted reaction of photocatalysis exciting by microwave and microwave catalysis,
and then microwave, and photocatalytic materials and ultraviolet light work together to kill bacteria
and virus, and after cyclone separator 5 separates and eliminates the mineralized solid material, the
polluted fluid flows into deep adsorption separation portion 3 to be deeply purified and separated into
two parts: standard fluid such as air or water and so on which is discharged from standard fluid such
as air or water liquid outlet 22 for reuse or exhaust; desorption separation polluted mineralization
product is collected for reuse or retreating, in this manner, low-cost and high speed deep purification
treatment and recycling and reuse on polluted fluid such as air or water can be realize

The invention discloses a seawater desalinating technique through film integrated method, which 1
comprises the following steps: passing the seawater through self-rinsing filter; predisposing the rinsed
seaward into hyperfilter device; boosting the seawater through the boost pump; removing possible
micro-particle in the inlet water of counter-osmosis system of the seawater through seawater safety
filter; elevating the inlet pressure of the counter-osmosis system of the seawater; desalinating through
counter-osmosis system of the seawater; removing micro-particle in the inlet water of counter-osmosis
system of the fresh water through fresh water safety filter; elevating the inlet pressure of the counter-
osmosis system of the fresh water; desalinating through counter-osmosis system of the fresh water.
The invention reduces the adding quantity of the chemicals and rinsing times of reverse osmosis
membrane effectively, which improves automatic degree with stable property and small equipment
occupying are
The present invention discloses water treating process and system with antioxidant composite reverse 1
osmosis film. The water treating process includes adding certain amount of sodium hypochlorite into
water in a mixer, filtering water in a filter, filtering water with antioxidant composite reverse osmosis
film while controlling and killing microbe in the surface of the antioxidant composite reverse osmosis
film with hypochloric acid, and final filtering water through an active carbon filtering tank to eliminate
residual chlorine. The water treating process and system is simple, and has low investment and long
service lif

The process of eliminating pollutant from underground water with combined nanofiltering membrane 1
includes the following steps: 1. pre-treatment and treating with nanofiltering membrane; 2. analyzing
the quality of polluted underground water through measuring Fe and Mn content, potassium
permanganate index and relative organic matter molecular weight; 3. determining whether to progress
to the following steps through water quality analysis; 4. performing the combined process A or B to
treat water to reach drinking water standard in condition of potassium permanganate index not lower
than 2.0 mg/l, Fe less than 0.2mg/l and Mn less than 0.05 mg/l; and 5. performing the combined
process C or D to treat water to reach drinking water standard in condition of potassium
permanganate index not lower than 2.0 mg/l, and Fe less than 0.2mg/l and/or Mn less than 0.05 mg/l.
The present invention may be applied widely in water supply of cit

A method for treating ship ballast water and its treating device are disclosed. The process is carried
out by immersing two discharge electrodes into ship ballast water, applying high-voltage pulse voltage
between two electrodes, producing liquid-phase discharge to generate shock wave, ultraviolet ray and
various active free radicals and sterilizing mono-cell, bacterium, protozoon and other harmful living
things. It utilizes shock-wave pressure and oxidation effect, ultraviolet sterilizing effect and
accelerating chemical reaction, and hydroxyl-free radical, active oxy-bromide species and other free-
radical high oxidation processes, the treating device consists of high-voltage power supply, discharge
electrode and discharge container. It's cheap and simple and has no chemical dispensing residue. It
can be used for ship ballast water transfer and shore-base treatmen

A fixed special composite enzyme for treating nutrient polluted water by acetate fiber fixed enzyme
consists of hexasaccharidease 40%, proteinase 40% and prolipase 20%. The process is carried out
by taking acetate fiber as enzyme stock carrier, adsorbing enzyme precursor and acetate fiber to
generate intermolecular coincide and mosaic, forming into fixed enzyme, and utilizing acetate fiber
fixed enzyme at polluted-water degree below 60 degree and pH=5.5-6.5 without sunlight and
ultraviolet light. It has composite formula with multiple enzyme preparations, delays utilization time
and is economica

The invention relates to the water treatment technique using nanometer micro crystalline compound 1
filter made of 20-30 portions of nanometer caoline, 10-20 portions of nanometer buckle dirt bar, 2-5
portions micro meter bergmeal, and 0-5 portions micro zeolite through material preparation,
proportioning, blending, granulation, baking and calcine, with low cost and good purification effec

The invention discloses a separation membrane with photocatalysis property and the preparation 1
method. The separation membrane is constituted as intermittent composite TiO2 film (3)is used to
cover asymmetric hole transparent body (2). The composite TiO2 is constituted by TiO2 and rare earth
metal with the weight proportion of 98-99.99%: 0.01-2%. The film thickness is 5-100nm. Reflectivity
and transmittance of asymmetric hole transparent body (2)to ultraviolet or visible light are 0-80% and
0-95% respectively. The method is that after composite TiO2 sol is prepared by butyl titanate
precursor 0.01-3% by weight of composite sol of polyethylene glycol is added in it; then asymmetric
hole transparent body is emerged into the composite sol for at least one minute and it the asymmetric
hole transparent body is dried for at least 5 hours under the temperature of 30-100deg.C after it is
fetched out; the procedure mentioned above is repeated more than one time; finally the asymmetric
hole transparent is baked for at least 0.5 hours under the temperature of 200-800deg.C to prepare the
separation membrane with photocatalysis property. It makes photo catalyst combine with membrane
separation together. The separation membrane can be used in various phototcatalysis separation
reacto
Provided is a BOAF treating method for purifying the water landscape, water system and water quality
in the sealed small social region and the apparatus thereof. The method substitutes a drug feeding
system necessary for all of the gas flotation apparatus by a biological reacting pool, mixes the original
water in the water landscape and water system in the sealed small social region with the active bio-
floculation from the BOAF pool. A mixed liquid flow formed by depositing in the biochemical reacting
pool for a certain period is flowing into the BOAF pool for a treatment. The water output from the
BOAF pool is returned to the water landscape and water system after sterilizing by the ultraviolet
sterilizer. The mixing liquid flowing into the BOAF pool obtains a separation of the water output and
the active bio-floculation by the means of gas flotation. The active bio-floculation returns to the front
end of the biochemical reacting pool and continues to mix with the original water for a recycle
reaction. A small part of water output forms the gas dissolving water and returns to the BOAF pool to
provide slight bubbles for the bio-floculation separation. The system apparatus ensures a qualified
landscape water and keeps a water environment balance in the water system in the sealed small
social regio

The present invention relates to a drinking water advanced treatment photocatalysis integrated
device, which is composed of a buffer barrel (1), a gas-liquid mixture pump (2), one ore more than
one photocatalysis reaction tubes in a photocatalysis reactor (3), a filtering device (4) and the
corresponding pipelines. Then invention is characterized in that the photocatalysis reaction tube is
composed of a stainless steel tube (5), a quartz casing (6), a UV lamp (7) and a guide ring (10); the
UV lamp (7) is arranged in the quartz casing (6) which is arranged in the center of the stainless steel
tube (5); the annular space between the quartz casing (6) and the stainless steel tube (5) is 0.5 to 50
mm. The device is low in energy consumption and high in removal rate, which has certain flexibility in
treatment and can make consecutive and deep purification of the minim and trace toxic substances in
the water and meet the requirements of the quality-divided water supply project in living quarters,
office buildings, hospitals and enterprises as well as deal with the demand for potable water in
unexpected incident

The invention discloses the recycled water continuous micro-filtration treatment process. The process 1
uses the tail water of the biochemical effluent as the source water which passes through the swirling
flow congealed reaction tank and the horizontal-flow multibucket sedimentation tank to settle and then
enters the middle water tank, and is sent to the continuous micro-filtration system (including the multi-
media filter system and the membrane treatment system) by a lift pump to carry out advanced
treatment and then enters a disinfecting tank to disinfect and is added with chlorine dioxide with right
amount to meet the requirement of the recycled water on the chloride, and finally flows in a storage
tank for use. The treatment process is advanced in technology, free from noise, high in degree of
automation, convenient in management, stable in operation, low in cost and good in outlet water
quality. In addition, the sludge can be used as the greening fertilize

The invention provides a clearing system for deposit in the water sump in a pit, which comprises a 1
bogie, a pressure filter, and a sedimentation pond, at bottom of which, a pumping deposit collector
and a guideway dragging the pumping deposit collector to move to and fro are provided. The pumping
deposit collector is connected with a drum type pipe dragged collector through a deposit conveying
pipe and a dragging rope, the drum type pipe dragged collector is connected with the pressure filter;
the tail of the sedimentation pond is provided with a clean water pond separated by an overflow
board; the upper part of the clean water pond is provided with a diversion board, the bottom of the
clean water pond is provided with a micro-particle anti-sedimentation water nozzle. The pumping
deposit collector in the system collects and treats the solid deposit in the water sump along the given
path in the mine pit, the deposit collected is easy to convey out the pit; the effective volume of the
water sump can be kept constant; the water and deposit in the water sump can be effectively
separated in real time without stopping the circulating water sump. The invention is of compact
structure, labor and time saving, of high efficiency, short cleaning period, and high practicabilit

The present invention relates to a filtering medium preparation method. The method comprises the 1
steps as follows: fully mix the 60 to 500 weight ratio of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 20 to
300 weight ratio of active carbon, 10 to 150 weight ratio of rectorite powder, 5 to 200 weight ratio of
modified zeolete and 0 to 50 weight ratio of hole generating agent; sinter the mixture for 60 to 150
minutes under 180 DEG C to 280 DEG C; and then cool the mixture. The filtering medium or filtering
element prepared with the above method can be used for eliminating the microcystin of water. The
present invention has the advantages of no secondary pollution, high efficiency of eliminating
microcystin, and easy usage and low cost of the filtering element. The microcystin eliminating
efficiency reaches above 96 percent when measuring the quality of water after being purified by the
present inventio
An air water producing machine pertains to the technical field of the water producing equipment,
which is characterized in that: an antibiosis filter, a capitation, a uv sterilizing device, a water purifying
and filtering device and a water tank are arranged in a shell and sequentially connected with an air
inlet; the outlets of the water tank are respectively connected and matched with a cold water tap and a
hot water tap that are positioned outside the shell and a heater is proportionally arranged between the
water tank and the hot water tap. The air water producing machine has simple structure and
convenient application, needs no external water resource and can change vapor in the air into
drinkable water as long as the power is supplied. An airstrainer arranged on and connected with the
water producing machine can effectively resist bacteria, remove dust and block harmful substances in
the air and makes use of over effective dehumidifying function to lead the environment to be drier and
more comfortable; the uv sterilizing device can eliminate and filter virus, bacteria and the water
purifying and filtering device can filter impurities, remove peculiar smell and guarantee the quality of
drinkable wate

A bunchy hollow fiber membrane is characterized with the high flexibility and strong tension 1
resistance. An external diameter of a fiber bundle of the fiber membrane is 0.3 to 3 mm. An internal
diameter of a single fiber is 0.1 to 1.0 mm, a fiber wall is 0.05 to 1mm, the porosity is 50 t0 90 percent,
and a membrane separation pore diameter is 0.01 to 1um. The breaking tension of each hollow fiber
membrane bundle is 0.2-25.0kg, and the purified water penetration flux is 600-10000l/m2 per hour at
0.1MPa and 25 centigrade degrees. A multi-pore membrane made with the present invention is
provided with the advantage that a narrow-tube membrane is provided with a large external area;
compared with a hollow fiber membrane, packing density within a volume unit is not greatly changed;
the production efficiency is high; and so o

The present invention relates to an inorganic bacteriostatic powder agent and its preparation method. 1
Said preparation method includes the following steps: (1), adopting nano or submicrometer
tourmaline, placing it into deionized water, stirring them; (2), adding nitrate solution and regulating pH
value to 4-8; (3), adding zinc and dispersing agent and stirring them; (4), reduced pressure suction-
filtering and making separation, washing by using deionized water; (5), drying powder obtained after
above-mentioned separation and washing procedure; and (6), grinding above-mentioned dried
powder, calcining said powder and further grinding so as to obtain the invented produc

The present invention relates to a method for preparing polyvinylidene fluoride membrane with 1
modified hydrophilicity. Said method includes the following steps: (1), membrane-casting liquor
preparation: using (by wt%) 10-18% of polyvinylidene fluoride, 2-10% of polyvinyl alcohol and 80% of
dimethyl sulfoxide, mixing them to obtain their mixed liquor, placing said mixed liquor in a water bath
with 98deg.C, stirring for 6h, then standing still and defoaming so as to obtain uniform membrane-
casting liquor; and (2), membrane preparation: under the condition of room temperature utilizing said
membrane-casting liquor to prepare plate membrane or utilizing wet process to spin hollow fiber
membrane, then promptly soaking the plate membrane or hollow fiber membrane into a coagulation
bath, retaining for 24h, then solidifying and forming, washing the formed membrane by using clean
water, and soaking the formed membrane in a glycerine aqueous solution whose mass concentration
is 60% for 12h, taking out said formed membrane and naturally drying in air so as to obtain the
invented polyvinglidene fluoride plate membrane or hollow fiber membrane with good hydrophilicity.
The above-mentioned coagulation bath is one kind of water, ethyl alcohol aqueous solution whose
mass concentration is 20% or sodium chloride aqueous solutio

The present invention belongs to the field of environment-protecting water treatment filler preparation 1
technology, in the concrete, it relates to a preparation method of immobilized nano titanium dioxide
suspension filler. Said method includes the following steps: preparing mixed aqueous solution whose
mole concentration ratio is 1:2-1:5, adding a certain quantity of nano crystallization inducing agent,
stirring and filtering to obtain reaction solution for deposition, soaking polyurethane foam carrier in
said reaction solution, under the microwave radiation with a certain power making deposition for a
certain time, taking out said carrier, washing said carrier by using distilled water, drying so as to obtain
the invented immobilized suspension carrie
N/A

The invention relates to a device of seawater desalination and poor quality water purification and a 1
method thereof. A treatment pool has at least a transparent surface on the top; a three-dimensional
network body is placed inside the treatment pool and contains10 percent to 99 percent of porosity and
specific surface area thereof is not less than 0.05m/g of a pass-through micro-pore. A water inlet, an
air inlet and a high moisture airflow outlet are arranged in the treatment pool. The high moisture
airflow outlet is connected with a condensing chamber, which is connected with a refrigerator. The
lower part of the refrigerator is provided with a purifying water outlet. Raw water is filtered in advance
to remove relatively large impurities and then is fed into the treatment pool so as to be fully permeated
to the three-dimensional network body; the liquid absorbed inside the three-dimensional network body
evaporates under the function of the airflow; the high moisture airflow going out of the three-
dimensional network body after cooled is sent into the condensing chamber to become fresh water or
pure water, and the fresh water or pure water comes out of the condensing chamber is absorbed by
active carbon and/or is treated by ultraviolet sterilization in become drinking water. The invention is
characterized by small energy consumption, high efficiency and good stabilit

The invention pertains to the technical field of water treatment and in particular relates to a
photocatalysis aerated filter that is used for water treatment, comprising a water distribution area, a
reaction area and a filtering area. The water distribution area is provided with a through hole water
distribution sink; the reaction area is provided with a UV light tube, a through hole aerated tube and
hollow glass microsphere powder filled with titanium dioxide; the filtering area at the bottom is a
quartz sand filtering layer. The device not only has high mass transfer efficiency and high utility rate of
luminous energy that are possessed by floating photocatalytic reaction devices, but also can retain
the hollow glass microsphere filled with titanium dioxide in the reaction area through the quartz sand
filtering layer, thereby recycling the photo-catalyst. The reaction area can not only adopt air aeration
as mixing motive force, but also can adopt ozone mixing to improve reaction efficiency. The specific
gravity of the hollow glass microsphere is smaller than that of water, therefore sludge, water and
carrier can be easily separated during backwashin

The invention relates to a mobile water treatment and well cleaning technology of a superdeep water 1
injection well, which comprises first, a riffling procedure, utilizing a cyclone separator to desand for
backwater of a well mouth of a water injection well, second, a deoiling procedure, utilizing a liquid to
liquid cyclone oil eliminator to preprocess oil in water, third, a mixing procedure, fourth, a descending
procedure, water from a static mixer gets into a pressure setting tank, and oil and suspended matter
in water are further separated and settled, and water treatment agent is added in water, and the water
is led to be flocculated and settled, fifth, a filtering procedure, water from the pressure setting tank is
delivered to a first, a second, a third grade filter tank to filter to get pure water, sixth, water which
passes through the filtering procedure gets into a purified water tank, an outlet of the purified water
tank gets into a well casing through a three plunger-pump pressure pump to clear the well casing and
the near wellbore zone. The invention is applicable for cleaning well for an ultra-deep water injection
well with a big well casing, and a water injection well whose medium is high mining and high salt, and
whose pH value is lo
An ultraviolet water purifying device is provided, which comprises a cylindroid outer shell, a glass
tube, two ultraviolet lamps, two bases for lamp, two ballasts, a water inlet, a front filter layer, a rear
filter layer and a water outlet; wherein, the surface of the inner wall of the outer shell is adhered with a
layer of single-side tinfoil, the centre of which is provided with a big tubular hole and two small tubular
holes respectively applied to installing the glass tube and the two ultraviolet lamps. The two bases for
lamp and the two ballasts are connected into a whole and arranged at the tail ends of the two
ultraviolet lamps. The water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at the front end and
the rear end of the glass tube. The front filter layer and the rear filter layer are respectively arranged in
the glass tube after the water inlet and before the water outlet. Compared with the existing filtration
and purification technology, the ultraviolet water purifying device has the advantages of
straightforward production, installation and maintenance, strong bactericidal power, complete
purification, no chemical residue, etc., thereby achieving the purposes of environmental protection
water purification and disinfection and improving the health of peopl

The invention discloses a production method and purpose of photocatalysis nanometer active water.
The production method comprises preparing photo-catalytic material on a solid media and immersing
the photo-catalytic material in water, irradiating with ultraviolet light to lead the water to produce free
radical and outputting the photocatalysis nanometer active water. The invention is used for plant
protection, tap water for living, dealing recycle water, treating sewage and the like, is also capable of
being utilized in medical treatment and health care. The free radical in the photocatalysis nanometer
active water is capable of entering human body and animal body to directly kill bacterium,
microorganism and viruses, establishing an artificial immune system to prevent and treat various
diseases. The photocatalysis nanometer active water does not include any chemical composition, is
nontoxic, has no harm to human body and animal body, and can be used for a long term. The
invention can prevent and treat diseases by means of aerosol, injection, oral administration and
target-oriented drug delivery, can cure various diseases like tracheitis, hepatitis B, HIV, lupus
erythematosus, influenza and bird flu and the like which are caused by bacteria and viruses.
Simultaneously, the effects of cleaning focus and preventing cancer are perfect. The production
method of the photocatalysis nanometer active water is simple, low in cost, and easy to spread and us

Disclosed is a method for processing seawater by using biologically active carbon to improve
biodegradability, which comprises the steps of sand settling and sand filtration. The method is
characterized in that after sand filtration ozone, adding ultraviolet rays or ozone and ultraviolet rays in
seawater, then further adding the seawater in a filter chamber of biologically active carbon to stay for
processing, and dissolving organic contaminant in the seawater is removed or switched. The invention
has the advantages of shortcut processing line, occupying field saving, high treatment efficiency. The
method is adapted for processing the seawater with bad biodegradability because TOC can be
degraded to be over 50 percent at most in the setting range of design parameter (when inlet TOC is
about 5-15mg/L), being capable of being used for seawater pre-processing when using RO method to
desalinate seawate

The invention relates to an exchange membrane with modified maleimide oligomer, which comprises 1
sulfonyl polyaryl ether ketone and the modified maleimide oligomer. The exchange membrane is
modified by malonylurea and takes the modified maleimide oligomer with hyper branched architecture
as structure matrix, and the exchange membrane is led into the sulfonyl polyaryl ether ketone to form
semi-IPN, thus strengthening water retaining capacity, anti-chemical properties, electrochemical
stability and heat resistance of ion/proton exchange membranes. The exchange membrane can be
used for producing membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell, or can be used in the field of
seawater desalination, heavy water and sewage processing, biomass energy, and so o
The invention relates to a backwash water purification technology. A three-step combined purifying 1
membrane backwash water method includes the steps of the coagulation of molysite, the absorption
of active carbon and the filtration of hollow fiber micro-filtration combination that are combined
together, the specific method is as follows: (1) continuously add molysite into the membrane
separator; (2) add powdery active carbon into the membrane separator intermittently; (3) the addition
amount of the molysite and the powdery active carbon is determined by the organic content in the
backwash water; (4) the molysite and the powdery active carbon are led to carry out sufficient reaction
with the organic pollutant in the backwash water by stirring and mixing provided by a stirring or an
aeration mode of the coagulating reaction vessel and an aeration mode of the membrane separator,
the formed molysite flocculating constituent and the powdery active carbon grains are removed by
adopting a membrane separation method, thus the purpose of purifying the backwash water is
realized. The invention can lead the organic content in the treated water to meet the quality standard
of drinking water, improve the recovery rate of a water supply and treatment system, which can relieve
the increasingly serious water resources supply-demand contradictio

The invention discloses a modular type ultraviolet sterilization device of the circulating water of a
fishpond, which consists of an electric control system, a ballast, a bracket, a luminous tube and a
pneumatic back wash pipe; the bracket is in square frame structure, the two ends of which are square
flat panels, a frame formed by PVC pipes is arranged between the two panels; eight rows (four
luminous tube per row) of luminous tubes and seven rows (four pneumatic back wash tubes per row)
of pneumatic back wash tubes are evenly distributed on the panels at the two ends respectively; a
discharging pipe is arranged in an end face of the bracket, a sewage suction port and a sewage
discharging port are arranged at the two ends; the electric control system is outside another panel
that is fixed at the other end of the bracket and is connected with the luminous tube by a ballast; the
pneumatic back wash pipeline is fixed outside another panel that is fixed at the other end of the
bracket and is connected with each exhaust back wash tube; the invention is simple in design and
structure, low in cost, the sterilizing effect is as high as 99 percent, which reduces production
investment and is convenient for management and maintenance; the device is suitable for the plant-
type industrial culturing of the circulating water of a fishpond, and can purge various bacteria in the
circulating water to keep the clean water quality of the circulating water and lead the circulating water
to be reuse

The invention relates to a finishing method of an anti-ultraviolet, antistatic, farina-proof and waterproof
fabric, which is characterized in that: the finishing liquids are divided into anti-ultraviolet liquid 10-
60g/L and anlistatig liquid 10-40g/L according to components, and the adjusting and finishing pH is 5-
6; soak and mangle the fabric in the finishing liquids; the mangle expression is 30-80%; dry and bake
the fabric for 30-90s at 160-195 DEG C; the finishing liquids are also divided into waterproof liquid 10-
60g/L and farina-proof liquid 60-80g/L according to components, and the adjusting and finishing pH is
5-6; soak and mangle the fabric in the finishing liquids; the mangle expression is 30-80%; dry and
bake the fabric for 30-90s at 160-195 DEG C. The finishing method of an anti-ultraviolet, antistatic,
farina-proof and waterproof fabric has the advantages that: the anti-ultraviolet and anlistatig
treatments are of one bath and the farina-proof and waterproof treatment are of one bath; the energy
loss is reduced and the process is simplified to a certain degree; besides, the finishing sequence of
first anlistatig treatment and then waterproof treatment can achieve the anlistatig and waterproof
effects at the same time; the two technological process endows the fabric with four functions and all
the functions do not affect each othe

[From equivalent CN101234295A] The invention relates to a processing method for improving the 1
separating effect of the nanofiltration membrane, in particular to a processing method of decreasing
the NaCl removal rate by the nanofiltration membrane. The nanofiltration membrane is immersed at
room temperature by sodium hydroxide solution with pH value of 8 to 10 and concentration of 100 to
5,000mg/L, then is cleaned by the deionization water and then is immersed by hydrogen peroxide
aqueous solution of 100 to 5,000mg/L with the immersing temperature of 25 DEG C to 40 DEG C,
operation pressure of 100psi to 500psi and immersing time of 4 to 12 hours. The invention also
includes the steps that the solution provided by the invention immerses the nanofiltration membrane,
thus changing the separating effect of the nanofiltration membran
The invention relates to a blend ultra-filtration membrane of hollow capillary type and a preparation 1
method thereof. The ultra-filtration membrane comprises the following components by weight
percentage: polymer blend of 41 to 60 percent, heat stabilizer of 0.1 to 2 percent, pore-forming agent
of 1 to 1.9 percent and solvent of 30 to 49 percent. The blend membrane has larger water flux of more
than 500L/mh (0.1MPa) than PVDF membrane, stronger toughness than PVC ultra-filtration
membrane, and obviously improving the heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance and anti-fouling
property. The blend ultra-filtration membrane of the invention is not only applied to the water
purification treatment but also widely applied to many industries such as medicine, chemical industry,
drink, food and sewage treatment, et

[From equivalent CN101234825A] The invention relates to a water treatment system, particularly 1
relating to a water making system on a water purifier and a water dispenser. The system comprises
active carbon and an ultra-filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane and is characterized
in that a filtration shell with a waste discharging and washing port is used by a top level and an end
level at the same time; the washing port on the filtration shell on the end level is connected with a uni-
directional pressure valve, communicated with the washing port on the filtration shell on the top level,
and connected with a washing tap. The active carbon is connected in series between a water outlet of
the filtration shell on the top level and a water inlet of the filtration shell on the end level. The filtration
shell on the top level is internally provided with the ultra-filtration membrane; the filtration shell on the
end level is internally provided with the ultra-filtration membrane and an accepting filtration membrane
or the reverse osmosis membrane. By means of an opening and closing movement of the washing
tap during a utilization in the water treatment system, an automatic filtration core cleaning is ensured,
thus giving a judicious guidance according to the circumference, realizing an energy conservation and
no discharge of wastewater; the structure is simple. At the same time, the active carbon arranged on a
middle level is arranged behind the ultra-filtration membrane and is not touched by washing water,
thus the service life of the filtration core on each level including the active carbon is prolonged. In
addition, post-positioned active carbon is not arranged, thus preventing carbon powders from being
separated ou

The present invention provides a double helix nanophase ecosphere, having continuous double-helix, 1
the surface is formed by extending of mass bends or each S shaped part. Each part shows radial
arrangement to achieve maximal surface area and provide void ratio. This new design provides
countless pleats on the surface of the double-helix, so as to have fantastic specific surface and
poriness; and it further has stronger impact strength and tensile yield strength. The conglobulation of
the invention contains nano ceramics powder, vinyl chloride monomer and all kinds of stabilizing
agent and forming agent. The double helix nanophase ecosphere is used for water treatment, air
purification, auto air filter, central air condition cycle water treatment, flowers and trees industry, health
products industry, industrial filtering material, chemical fillings, catalyst carrier, the invention also
provides a preparing method and use of the ecospher

The present invention provides a microwave electrodeless ultraviolet light catalytic integrated reacting
device, relates to a reaction device of microwave-ultraviolet coupled system. The aim of the invention
is to resolve the high energy consumption, low utilization rate of the microwave and ultraviolet light
problems in the reaction device of microwave-ultraviolet coupled system. A cycle cooling collar (4) and
a reactor (3) are baked into a integrity, a cycle cooling chamber (8) is formed between the cycle
cooling collar (4) and the reactor (3), a lamp base (6) is fixed on the base board (3-1) of the reactor
(3), an electrodeless ultraviolet light (5) is mounted on the lamp base (6), a double-layer reactor (1) is
placed on the base board (2-1) of a microwave chemical experiment instrument (2), the side wall of
the microwave chemical experiment instrument (2) has two openings (2-2). The invention can obtain
higher difficult degradable organic removal rate under the short radiation time, the invention also has
advantages of a controlled reaction system, adjustable light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp, a simple
structure and easily promote, it also promotes the light catalyzing oxidizing water treating technology
applied in the pratical projec

The invention relates to a novel hollow fiber film and the preparation method, characterized in 1
adopting the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with certain hydrophilic groups as the film forming matter. The
method is as follows: add the film forming matter into a given amount of dispersing agent before being
heated to a certain temperature to dissolve the polymer and forming uniform solution; extrude through
the high temperature rayon spinning nozzl or the screw pump under a certain pressure after standing
to remove bubble; after entering into the coagulation bath and washing bath, the hollow fiber film is
winded on the bobbin through the curling machine. The preparation technology is simple and easily
controlled. The PVB has both sound hydrophilicity and mechanical strengt
The invention discloses a three-cylinder and three-piston type energy recovery device which is used 1
for the reverse osmosis seawater desalination. The energy recovery device comprises three hydraulic
cylinders arranged at three sections, wherein, the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder at the middle
section is larger than that of the hydraulic cylinders at the two end sections, and the diameters of the
hydraulic cylinders at the two end sections are identical; connecting joints are arranged between the
hydraulic cylinder at the middle section and the hydraulic cylinders at the two end sections, the outer
ends of the hydraulic cylinders at the two end sections are provided with sealing heads, and pressure
bolts as well as gland nuts are arranged between the outer edges of the two sealing heads in a way of
passing through the outer edges of the connecting joints; piston rods are arranged in the hydraulic
cylinders at the three sections in a way of passing through the center holes of the connecting joints
and the guide holes of the piston rods, the two ends of the piston rods are provided with two pistons
which are glidingly matched with the hydraulic cylinders at the two end sections, and the axial
direction centers of the piston rods are provided with one piston which is glidingly matched with the
hydraulic cylinder at the middle section.The three-cylinder and three-piston type energy recovery
device has the advantages that the volume utilization ratio is high, a booster is not required to be
added, the energy recovery efficiency can reach higher than 90 percent, the equipment cost is low,
and the popularization and the application in middle and small reverse osmosis sea water
desalination systems are promote

The invention discloses a hollow fibrous membrane module, the two ends of which can have water 1
flowing out for immersing, and aims to provide a membrane module, of which the support tube not
only has support function, but also serves as a water channel with the two ends having water flowing
out, the structure is simple and the aeration is even. An aeration inlet column is arranged at an air
inlet, one end of the aeration inlet column is communicated with an aeration device, and the other end
is spliced with an inlet pipe. The aeration device comprises an aeration body, in which an air collecting
chamber and a water collecting chamber are arranged, the outer side of the aeration body is
connected with a plurality of sealed air chambers, and a plurality of aeration holes are arranged on
each sealed air chamber. The water collecting chamber is internally provided with a plurality of water
outlets, the lower end of the aeration body is provided with a plurality of water inlets, and water
passages communicating the water inlets with the water outlets are arranged on the aeration body.
One end of the support tube is opened on the end surface of the sealing layer of the water outlet end,
and the other end is communicated with the water collecting chamber of the aeration device. The
support tube has the support function and serves as the water channel with the two ends having water
flowing out, thereby simplifying the structure of the membrane module, reducing the volume of the
membrane core, reducing the construction cost, and improving the utilization ratio and the water yield
of membrane thread

The invention discloses a reinforced tubular porous composite film, production method and 1
application thereof. The composite film consists of a tubular porous body, a first polymer material film
and a second polymer material film. The composite film is obtained by coating the first polymer
material film and the second polymer material film on the tubular porous body. The reinforced tubular
porous composite film has the advantages of no surface defect, high water permeability, high tensile
strength, wide selection range of the tubular porous body and easy productio

A hydrophilic PVB blend hollow fibrous film and a production method thereof are provided. The 1
invention utilizes polyvinyl butyral (PVB) containing hydrophilic groups as major film-forming
substance that is further blended with other organic polymers containing hydrophilic groups to obtain
the PVB blend hollow fibrous films with different hydrophilicities. The production method of the
hydrophilic PVB blend hollow fibrous film includes the following steps: mixing polymers with diluents,
heating to dissolve polymers to obtain a homogenous solution, standing, debubblizing, extruding by a
spinning head or extruding by a screw-rod pump, adding into a coagulation bath and then a washing
bath, and winding hollow fibrous films around a wire drum by using a wiring machine. The method has
the advantages of easy fabrication, controllable aperture and good reproducibility. The prepared
hollow fibrous film has stable performance, better hydrophilicity and higher mechanical strength, and
is applicable to the fields of chemical industry, food industry, pharmaceutical industry and water
treatmen
[From equivalent CN101254967A] The invention relates to a water treatment device, in particular to a 1
full automatic flushing and double-film purifying water saving and long acting water purifier and the
working method of the water purifier. The water purifier comprises a water inlet opening, a water outlet
opening, a filtering device arranged between the water inlet opening and the water outlet opening, a
pre-treatment device, a post-treatment device, an automatic flushing device, a dense water
discharging opening and a booster pump, wherein the pre-treatment device adopts an ultra filtration
membrane filter, the post-treatment device adopts a reverse osmosis filter, and the filtering device is
provided with a N-KDF filter element; the automatic flushing device comprises two electromagnetic
valves which are respectively arranged between the dense water discharging opening and the pre-
treatment device and between the dense water discharging opening and the post treatment device.
The water purifier adopts the working method that the electromagnetic valve connected with the pre-
treatment device works periodically, each working is opening and closing which are alternately
performed, and at least two times of the opening and closing are performed for each time; the
electromagnetic valve connected with the pre-treatment device works all the time, and the working
mode adopts opening and closing which are alternately performe

The invention relates to a micro-polluted source water treatment system and a treatment method. An 1
elevated water tank is connected with a drug-adding reaction tank at a low position through a pipeline,
a drug-adding opening for adding reagent is provided at the upper end of the drug-adding reaction
tank, the drug-adding reaction tank is connected with an ultraviolet light reactor through a pipeline, the
ultraviolet light reactor is connected with an active carbon adsorption tank at the low position, the
active carbon adsorption tank is connected with a coagulation sedimentation tank through a pipeline,
the coagulation sedimentation tank is connected with a siphon filtering tank through a pipeline, and
the siphon filtering tank is connected with a clean water tank at a low position; the method comprises
the steps that the source water in a distribution reservoir is delivered to the elevated water tank
through a water pump, the water in the elevated water tank flows into the drug-adding reaction tank
through the dead weight, a potassium hypermanganate compound reagent is added into the drug-
adding reaction tank, after the sufficient reaction, the tank is statically arranged, and then the reagent
is added into the ultraviolet light reactor, the preoxidation process is accomplished through the
illumination of an ultraviolet lamp tube, then the reagent flows into the active carbon adsorption tank
to be absorbed, then is delivered into coagulation sedimentation tank, a coagulating agent is added
into the coagulation sedimentation tank, after the sufficient reaction, the tank is statically arranged,
and then the reagent is added into the siphon filtering tank, to perform periodic filtration and
disinfection, and then the reagent is added into the clean water tan

The invention relates to a microfiltration cloth surface filtering water yielding method for a circular 1
sedimentation tank, in which the water yielding is realized by a filtering system that mainly consists of
a microfiltration cloth filter board (1) and an automatic cleaning device (2), wherein, the filtering
system is provided with a plurality of microfiltration cloth filter boards which surround the periphery of
the circular sedimentation tank and carry out the surface filtering of the sewage in the sedimentation
tank, thus reducing the concentration of the suspending solids in the sewage to below 10mg/L;when
the microfiltration cloth filter board is blocked up, the microfiltration cloth filter board is washed
repeatedly by the automatic cleaning device, to resume the filtering function thereof. The method of
the invention can improve water quality, and ensure the concentration of the suspending solids in the
water to be lower than 10m/L; the method has the advantages of simple structure, convenience of
installation and maintenance and low operation cost; and the backwash can be finished automatically
and easily; the method can be used by old sewage treatment plant for improving the transformation of
the yielding water quality standard and little changes can be done to the original technical equipment
and construction; the phosphorus in the sewage can be effectively removed by using jointly with metal
salt coagulant; besides, the chroma of the yielding water can also be effectively reduce

The invention discloses a membrane separating equipment, comprising a casing, two or more than 1
two filter units arranged in the casing and at least one separator, and the separator divides the inner
of the casing into two or more than two liquid stream channels. Compared with the prior art, the
separator is arranged in the membrane separating equipment to divide the inner space of the
membrane separating equipment into a plurality of parts to form a plurality of liquid stream channels,
so that the gas and water two-phase flow or the liquidoid stream formed in the membrane separating
equipment can flow along the liquid stream channel, and the liquid stream is distributed uniformly
between each liquid stream channel. The invention has the advantages of avoiding uneven
distribution of the liquid stream in the prior membrane separating equipment and other problems
caused by the uneven distribution of the liquid stream, so that improving the filtering uniformity of the
filter unit, and prolonging the actual service life of the membrane separating equipmen
The invention discloses a membrane material of ion exchange performance. The membrane material 1
is a compact structure or a millipore structure, and is mixed by the polymer with ion exchange
performance and the polymer with nonionic exchange performance, wherein the weight ratio between
the polymer with ion exchange performance and the polymer with nonionic exchange performance is
5/95 percent to 95/5 percent. The invention also discloses the applications of the membrane material
such as the separation of anion and cation and the recovery membrane extraction, the deprivation of
the vapor in the gas and the desalination of the water system in the process of driving the positive
permeation by non-pressure. The invention has the advantages of getting rid of the supporting
concept of supporting liquid membrane, high chemical stability, low resistance of the mass transfer to
ions. The invention not only provides a long-time stability in the separation process of the liquid
membrane ions, but also finds application points in other separation field

The invention provides a dual catalyst oxidation water treatment method, particularly to a method for
treating industrial wastewater by using microwave ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation and adsorption
catalytic oxidation synergistic dual catalyst oxidation system. The method comprises the steps of:
performing adsorption-catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants in chemical wastewater by using
oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide in the presence of silver or gold-carrying activated carbon
catalyst to degrade organic pollutants, treating the rest organic pollutants by using the rest oxidizing
agent with microwave electrodeless ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation method, and discharging the
purified industrial wastewater. The method in the invention has the advantages of simple operation,
low operating cost, convenient maintenance, and high efficienc

The invention relates to a composite functional membrane with adsorption, catalytic purification and 1
separation functions for removing pollutants from water, belonging to the technology field of
environment and chemical engineering. The method comprises the steps of doping titanium oxide and
other coating separation membranes in adsorbing materials (carbon materials, inorganic materials
and molecular imprinting materials to obtain a composite functional membrane with adsorption,
catalytic purification and separation functions; and adsorbing pollutants with the membrane,
separating, oxidizing and mineralizing the absorbed pollutants to regenerate the purification and
adsorption functions of the membrane. The inventive method improves pollutant adsorption and
catalytic oxidation efficiency;and preventes the pollution of oxidized byproducts to the quality of
effluent water after membrane separation, so as to be safer when being used for drinking water
purification. The inventive method has the advantages of high efficiency, complete removal of
pollutants, low pollution and low energy consumption; and can be used for purifying water bodies
such as slightly polluted water, recycled water or water containing low-concentration trace organic
pollutant

The invention provides an outdoor drinking water quick water and purification system, which relates to 1
the outdoor individual drinking water appliance and is invented for providing a quick water system that
can water in a water bottle without putting a backpack under various use environments and a water
quality purification system that can get quickly the drinking water in various use environments. The
water system is provided with the water bottle, one end of which is provided with a soft guide pipe for
leading water out, and the water output end of the water bottle is provided with a quicklydismantling
female joint. The purification system is provided with a water-seal suction nozzle, a water bottle can
filler, a tap can filler, a filter and a water drawing device, which all are provided with quickly
dismantling male joints that are respectively matched and connected with the female joint. The state
that the female joint is matched and connected with the water-seal suction nozzle isa normal state.
The female joint is matched and connected with the water bottle can filler, so bottled water can be
added into the water bottle. The female joint is matched and connected with the tapcan filler, so the
drinking tap water can be directly added. The female joint is matched and connected with the tap can
filler and the filter, thereby the non-drinking tap water is purified to be drinking tap water and then is
added into the water bottle. The female joint is matched and connected with the water drawing device
and the filter, so natural water body can be drawn and purified to be the drinking water and then is
added into the water bottl
The invention relates to a preparation device and a preparation method of desalination
electroanalysis direct drinking water. The preparation device comprises a pre-filter, a normal
atmosphere buffer container, an ultrafiltration apparatus, an ozone sterilizing installation and a
finished water container. A mesh electrode deflector-type industrial electric dialyzator connected
between the pre-filter and the ultrafiltration apparatus through a pipeline, and an ultraviolet sterilizer
connected between the mesh electrode deflector-type industrial electric dialyzator and the finished
water container. Common tap water is performed the pre-filtration through the pre-filter firstly, and then
the mesh electrode deflector-type industrial electric dialyzator is utilized for removing the salt and
electrolyzing, the ultrafiltration apparatus is utilized to perform the microbiology filtration on the
desalinated and electrolyzed water, the ozone sterilization is performed by the ozone sterilizing
installation, and chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in water are decomposed through ultraviolet
radiation by the ultraviolet sterilizer. Through the desalination, the electroanalysis, the sterilization,
and the decomposition of the chloroform and the carbon tetrachloride, the preparation device changes
the common tap water into the desalination electroanalysis direct drinking water which is purity in
mouthfeel and is favorable to the healt

The invention relates to a method for producing purified water and a device thereof; the method
includes a production process of the purified water and a refluxing and sterilization treatment process
of the purified water. The method is characterized in that the refluxing and sterilization treatment
process of the purified water is to regularly filtrate all the purified water stored in an elevated tank in
the production process of purified water via an ultra filter and to reflux to the elevated tank. Compared
with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that even a particular drinking water machine does
not work for a long time, bacteria can not generate in the device to result in secondary pollution of the
purified water and that the device and the operation are low in cos

The invention is a water treatment reactor that integrates photocatalysis and biodegradation, and a
processing method thereof. A water treatment reactor integrating photocatalysis and biodegration
comprises a photocatalysis plate (3) as the baffle plate between a photocatalysis section (2) at the
upper part of the reactor and a biodegradation section (10) at the lower part of the reactor; an upper
water hole (1) and a lower water hole (5) are formed on the photocatalysis plate; an ultraviolet source
(4) is controlled by a switch and is positioned above the photocatalysis plate (3); a biomembrane
carrier (8) is positioned in the biodegradation section (10); a water outlet (6) and a valve are disposed
on the vessel wall at the lower edge of the photocatalysis section (2); a water circulation device is
arranged on the reactor (9); the photocatalysis plate shields the microbes in the biodegradation
section to protect the microbes from being harmed by ultraviolet light; under the joint action of the
photocatalyst and the biomembrane, the organic matter that is hard to degrade can greatly increase
the rate of water treatment. The reactor is characterized in compact device structure, high efficiency
and high spee

The present invention provides a metal matrix-metal oxide separation film which can effectively 1
remove bivalent and trivalent inorganic salt and small-molecule organic substances under the
environment of strong acid, strong alkali and no impact of water temperature changes. The metal
matrix-metal oxide separation film is characterized in that a superfine metal powder sintering pipe is
used as a film frame and a nanometer alloy metal material is filled to form a separating layer. The
separation film can be widely used in water treatment industries such as seawater desalination,
brackish water desalination, chemical wastewater, petrochemical wastewater, coal wastewater,
industrial recycling wastewater and liquid concentration, as well as the fields of precious metal
recycling and energy recovery. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the metal
matrix-metal oxide separation fil
To provide a membrane separation unit having a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 1
responding to various tanks having different depths, diameters, and shapes (cylindrical or square
cylindrical shape), which each hold an air diffusion pipe at a predetermined position to give a uniform
upward flow into a fiber bundle of the membrane module and to adjust a liquid flow in a disposal tank.
The membrane separation unit 1 has the plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 2 for sucking a
liquid in the disposal tank 3 from the opening ends of the hollow fiber membranes 5 soaked in the
liquid in the disposal tank 3 and filtering and separating the liquid in the disposal tank. The membrane
separation unit has binding portions 6 each fixed with the ends of the plurality of hollow fiber
membranes 5 and provided with openings 7 for air diffusion at predetermined positions other than
positions to which the ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 5 are fixed, and socket
members 11 each abutting on the binding portion 6 to receive the weight of at least the plurality of
hollow fiber membranes 5 and each forming an air bubble chamber 12 below the binding portion 6.;
The side surface portion 11a of the socket member 11 is formed with an opening portions 11a1 for
inserting the air diffusion pipe 10 therethrough and having a size larger than the contour of the air
diffusion pipe 1

The invention discloses a factory fry culturing method for java tilapia. The method comprises the
following steps: after being filtered by a microstrainer in a microstrainer pond, the water discharged
from the fish culturing pond is elevated to a high level biological filter by a water pump for biochemical
treatment, the discharged water from the biological filter overflows into a regulating reservoir for
temperature, O2, and pH regulation, simultaneously, an ultraviolet sterilization system runs in parallel
with the regulating reservoir, a water outlet pipe at the lower part of the regulating reservoir delivers
the treated water into each fish pond, and then the water can be used for culturing high density java
tilapia fry in a circulation manner. The factory fry culturing method for java tilapia of the invention is an
automatically controlled factory circulation water high density java tilapia culturing technology which
can realize annually continuous fry output; the annually continuous fry output can not be restrained by
the climate and the water quality, and the method is highly effective and economic, and suitable for
the national condition of Chin

The invention relates to a method for preparing a high permeation flux polyurethane hollow fiber filter 1
membrane. The method comprises the following steps: a polyurethane prepolymer is obtained by
stirring and mixing polyol, isocyanate and prepolymerization adding material; then polyurethane
membrane forming gel fluid is generated by adding a solvent, a chain extender and an additive
therein; thesolvent and the additive are simultaneously used for preparing an inner gel medium; a
spinning device is used for carrying out the dry-wet spinning membrane preparation; the treatment is
carried out after that to remove the residual solvent and the additive, thereby obtaining the high
permeation flux polyurethane hollow fiber filter membrane. The obtained hollow fiber filter membrane
has excellent performances, the porosity achieves more than 92 percent, and the permeation flux of
purified water can achieve 950 to 1000L/(h*m*1 atmospheric pressure). The hollow fiber filter
membrane produced by utilizing the membrane preparation formula, the process and the parameters
of the invention has relatively lower cost and can obtain very high permeation flux, thereby having
wide industrial application prospect in waste water treatment, separation of medical products from
other biochemical products, concentration and other field

The invention discloses a UV light catalytic chlorine dioxide sterilization method for water. The water
treatment method carries out water sterilization treatment by means of the combination of UV light
and chlorine dioxide. The water sterilization treatment comprises the following steps that: after UV
irradiation for sterilization is completed, the chlorine dioxide is added into water within 0 to 30 minutes
so as to carry out the sterilization; or the chlorine dioxide is added into the water to carry out the
sterilization and then UV irradiation for the sterilization is carried out within 0 to 30 minutes; or the
chlorine dioxide is added into water to carry out the sterilization while carrying out the UV irradiation
for the sterilization to water; or the chlorine dioxide is added in advance before carrying out water
coagulation treatment, and the UV irradiation for the sterilization is adopted after treatments including
coagulation, deposition and filtration; or after carrying out the treatments including the coagulation, the
deposition and the filtration, etc. of a water sample, the method for the combination of the UV light and
the chlorine dioxide is adopted to carry out water sample treatment. The UV light catalytic chlorine
dioxide sterilization method ensures the biological safety and the chemical safety of the water sampl
The invention discloses a high-speed water-supply biological aerated filter (BAF) and a method of 1
applying the filter to pre-purify micro-contaminated raw water. The high-speed water-supply biological
aerated filter comprises two UBAFs which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a water
distributing channel which is arranged on the upper part of a pipe rack where pipes are arranged. The
water distributing channel comprises a general water-feeding channel, a first distributing channel, a
second distributing channel, a strainer frame and a fixing grid provided with strainers. The micro-
contaminated raw water pre-purifying method is as follows: the raw water enters a water distributing
zone on the lower part of the filters after distributed and filtered by strainers, and then the water is
distributed by filter heads and flows through a pebble bearing layer and a double-layer ceramsite
filtering-material of the filters from bottom to top. The same-direction steam and water and the
adoption of the double-layer light water-supply ceramsite filtering-material can delay the acceleration
lost by the filter heads and provide the essential hydraulic conditions for the high-speed filtering and
the collective adoption of a blast aeration system. The invention has high hydraulic load, low
manufacturing cost and energy-conserving capability, and can guarantee the efficiency of
purifyingorganisms and ammonia nitrogen. The invention is suitable for the biological pre-purifying to
the micro-contaminated water suppl

The invention relates to a seawater desalinization depth pre-processing apparatus, belonging to the 1
seawater desalinization technical field. The apparatus mainly comprises a smooth-flow coagulation
tank, a sloping-plate settlement tank, a plate-frame filter press and an acidity regulating tank. The
seawater is pumped into a head tank through a pump, and flows into the smooth-flow coagulation
tank through pipelines and simultaneously a small or micro amount of high-rate flocculating agent,
flocculation aid and alkalizer are added through a chemical feed tube; after coagulated, the seawater
flows through the settlement tank, a centrifuge and the acidity regulating tank and then flows out. The
flocculation and the absorbing effect of magnesium hydroxide are adopted to reach the purposes of
reducing seawater turbidity, SDI, COD and microorganisms, etc. The process realizes the continuous
depth seawater pre-processing and is provided with the advantages that the efficiency is high; the
running cost is low; the operation is easy and the apparatus can be easily applied to industrial
production; the high value by-product can be obtained. The realization of the process can promote the
application of reverse osmosis to seawater desalinizatio

[From equivalent CN101327408A] The present invention belongs to the preparation technical field of 1
the micro-filtering and ultra-filtering compound film, and relates to a method for preparing the
antibiosis modified polyvinylalcohol-non-woven compound micro-hole filtering film, which is
characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: casting film solution consisting of
pyridine modified polyvinylalcohol, cross-linked agent and catalyst is prepared; the prepared casting
film solution is performed the static deaeration and is filtered to remove the undissolved substance;
under the sub-pressure effect, the filtered solution is coated on a post-treated melt-blown
polypropylene non-woven cloth to be heat-treated, dried and washed to neutrality, and then to be
undertaken the quaternize treatment; the film piece is immersed in the pure water for use. The
method of the present invention has the advantages that the prepared compound film has favorable
mechanical performance and chemical stability, and the surface of the film is neat and smooth.
Particularly, the compound film has dual functions of hydrophile and antibiosis, and can reduce the
absorption of the pollutant on the surface of the film, and can prevent the bacteria from breeding on
the surface of the film, and maintaining the fluent property of the film holes, and has good micro-
organism-pollution resistant property, and can be widely applied to the water treatment process in the
fields such as the environment, the chemical industry, the food, the medical, et
The present invention relates to a preparation of complex iron catalyst and an application in
multiphase photocatalysis hydrogen peroxide, which relate to the preparation of a catalyst and the
application of the catalyst in catalyzing the hydrogen peroxide and solve the problem in a water
treatment method of the low multiphase photocatalysis hydrogen peroxide decomposition speed. The
preparation method of the complex iron catalyst comprises the steps as follows: ferric ions are
combined with complexing agent to form a ferric complex compound; pretreated positive ions are
exchanged with resin granules or are dipped in the ferric complex compound to be oscillated under
room temperature; then resin is separated from complex compound solution to be washed until no
iron ion is dissolved out; the prepared complex iron catalyst is applied in the multiphase
photocatalysis hydrogen peroxide. The complex iron catalyst prepared by the present invention can
improve the decomposition speed of hydrogen peroxide, the decomposition speed can be 100
percent; the complex iron catalyst has good absorption and oxidation efficiencies towards organic
substances in water; under the irradiation of ultraviolet light or visible light, the complex iron catalyst
can increase the mineralized degree of the organic substances, and the mineralized degree can be
more than 70 percent. The method of the presentinvention is simple and is convenient for operatin

The invention relates to a sterilization preserving water purifier special for a drinking machine
comprising an upper barrel body, a lower barrel body, a previa filter element and a post filter element
arranged in the upper and lower barrel bodies and an effluent switch installed on a water outlet of the
lower barrel body which is characterized in that a barrier dividing the upper barrel body into a water-
filling inner barrel body and an interlayer without contacting with water is arranged in the upper barrel
body, the outer edge of the barrier sticks to the inlet outer edge of the upper barrel body, the previa
filter element is arranged in the inner barrel body, an ozonator, and ultraviolet lamp and a computer
board are arranged in the interlayer, inwhich the ozonator parallelly connected with the ultraviolet
lamp is connected with the computer board. The advantage of the device is that the ozonator and
ultraviolet lamp can sterilize the air of the lower barrel body, thereby playing a preserving role for the
filtrated clean wate

The invention relates to a polyamide antiosmosis composite film which contains a biphenyl structure 1
and a preparation method thereof. The polyamide antiosmosis composite film is prepared by utilizing
the novel aromatic polybasic acyl chloride which contains the biphenyl structure and a mixture
thereof, and aromatic polybasic amine and a mixture thereof on a porous polysulfone support layer by
interfacial polymerization. By selecting appropriate preparation condition, the antiosmosis composite
film has excellent performance. The flux of the polyamide antiosmosis composite film can reach
63.81/m.h and the desulfurization ratio can reach 99.1 percent. The polyamide antiosmosis composite
film prepared by utilizing the invention has simple preparation technology, better control condition, low
cost and wide practicability. The polyamide antiosmosis composite film can be applied to the fields of
seawater desalination, brackish water desalination ultrapure water preparation and so o

The invention relates to a novel special water purifier of a drinking water machine, comprising a raw 1
water bucket, a purified water bucket, a filter element, an upper float valve and a lower float valve; the
upper float valve is arranged in the purified water bucket and is used for controlling the highest water
level in the purified water bucket; the lower float valve is connected with the outlet of the bottom of the
purified water bucket and is used for controlling the highest water level in a water bucket of the
drinking water machine; the raw water bucket is arranged above the purified water bucket; the filter
element is fixedly connected to the bottom of the raw water bucket, and the filtering material in the
filter element is made of micro-porous ceramics or hollow fiber; the water purification technique is as
follows: powdery water treatment material is firstly blended with raw water and then the filter element
is used for filtering. Compared with the special water purifier of a drinking water machine in the prior
art, the novel special water purifier of the drinking water machine has the advantages of more
humanized operation of the water purifier, high volume utilization rate of the water purifier, saving
material, fresh water quality, low gravity center, good stability, high effective utilization rate of the water
treatment material, saving the water treatment material resources, more complete purification and
more reliable quality of yielding wate
The invention relates to a water drinking machine, especially to an energy-saving no-fouling water 1
drinking machine which can provide warm water and hot water. Two purification systems, which are a
water purification machine and an ultra-filtration machine, are provided in the water drinking machine.
Pure water is produced by the water purification machine and is supplied to a heating tank of the
water drinking machine for providing boiled water with a temperature of more than 90 DEG C; ultra-
filtration water is provided by the ultra-filtration machine and is blended with part of boiled water for
decreasing the temperature thereof, thus obtaining warm water. Drink water with normal temperature
is provided by the ultra-filtration machine at the same time, which greatly prolongs the service life of
an electric heater. The inlet of the pure water heating device and the inlet of the ultra-filtration device
respectively communicate with a tap water pipeline through three-way pipes, and the outlets thereof
respectively communicate with a cold/hot water blending switch and a tap. The pure water heating
device is composed of the water purification machine and the heating tank communicating with each
other through a pipeline. The ultra-filtration device is composed of the ultra-filtration machine and a
UV sterilizer communicating with each other by a pipelin

The invention relates to a device for massively treating micro-polluted water as well as a method 1
thereof. The device comprises a tank body integrating all systems; a feed-water pump for taking water
from a water source; a drug adding system positioned behind the feed-water pump; a flocculation
coagulant aid for adding; an ozone generator positioned behind the feed-water pump for oxidizing
organics; a set of microwave treatment system for inlet water catalytic reaction and sterilization and
for destroying colloid; a precipitation system positioned behind the microwave system for carrying out
the solid-liquid separation after the reaction; a set of filtration system for filtering the supernatant after
the solid-liquid separation; a set of ultra-filtration system for further filtering tiny impurities and
bacterial viruses; a disinfection and sterilization system connecting with the produced water by ultra-
filtration and used for disinfecting and sterilizing the produced water; and a water tank for storing the
purified water. The device can supply emergency domestic water for 3000 to 5000 people, and is
small enough for being carried by trailers or helicopters to destination

The invention discloses a preparation technology of a tubular microfiltration membrane, pertaining to 1

the technical field of a microfiltration membrane. The molecular weight of ultra-high molecular
polyethylene powder, which ranges from one million to six million, is selected, and then is mixed
evenly with a liquid lubricant in accordance with the weight percentage between 30% and 80%. The
well-mixed ultra-high molecular polyethylene material is put into a mould subsequently to be pressed
into a tubular microfiltration membrane blank which is then sintered at high temperature of 300 DEG C
to 400 DEG C for 1 to 5 hours to obtain the finished product. The finished product after being sintered
is inspected and stored. After inspection, the tubular microfiltration membrane prepared by the
preparation technology of the invention, the pore size of which ranges from 0.2 micron to 0.5 micron,
can bear as high temperature as 120 DEG C and has the good filterability and high-temperature
resistance. The service life of the product is increased greatly. The preparation technology of the
invention can be widely applied to the technical fields of biochemistry protection, water treatment, food
filtration, bioseparation, et

The invention provides a photocatalysis nano material for ultraviolet-light and visible-light catalytic 1
active materials, which is photocatalysis nanocrystalline powder or photocatalysis nanocrystalline
membrane, wherein, the crystal structure is WO3.0.33H2O, and the average grain size is less than
30nm. The preparation method is as follows: tungsten powder is added into hydrogen peroxide
solution for complete oxidization, and added with a concentration regulator and an acidity regulator to
obtain mixed liquor, which prepares a yellow WO3.0.33H2O nanocrystalline suspension by a chemical
precipitation method, and the suspension is filtered and dried to be made into the WO3.0.33H2O
nanocrystalline powder; or the suspension is further diluted to be made into a precursor of the
nanocrystalline membrane; a glass matrix or a ceramic matrix or a plastic matrix is pre-heated, and
the WO3.0.33H2O nanocrystalline membrane is obtained on the matrix by a pulling method or a
spraying method. The photocatalysis nano material has the advantages of being used as ultraviolet-
light and visible-light catalytic active material, having the functions of degrading various inorganic and
organic pollutants in air and water, and self-cleaning function of a base material attached with the
nanocrystalline membrane, and being used for environmental control and protectio
The invention discloses a method for sterilizing water by ultraviolet light catalysis and chlorine. The
water treatment method combines ultraviolet light catalysis sterilization and chlorine sterilization to
sterilize water. The method comprises the following steps: sterilization with the ultraviolet light catalyst
is carried out first, and then the chlorine is added to the water within 0-60 minutes for the sterilization,
or the chlorine is added to the water for the sterilization first, and then the sterilization with the
ultraviolet light catalyst is carried out within 0-60 minutes, or the sterilization with the ultraviolet light
catalyst is carried out on the water while adding the chlorine to the water for the sterilization, or the
chlorine is previously added to the water before coagulation treatment is carried out on a water
sample, coagulation treatment, precipitation treatment and filtration treatment are carried out, and
then the sterilization with the ultraviolet light catalyst is carried out for the sterilization, or the ultraviolet
light catalysis sterilization and the chlorine sterilization is carried out for treating the water sample after
the coagulation treatment, the precipitation treatment and the filtration treatment. The method ensures
biological safety and chemical safety of the water sampl

The invention aims to provide a film filtering apparatus capable of improving leakage sensitivity and 1
detecting crack reliably with low cost and method for detecting cracks by using the film filtering
apparatus. The film crack detection mode comprises the processes: after filtering mode, stopping
former water supply from the former water supplying device (2) by using control device (34); supplying
air to the former water chamber by using an air supplying device (5) and discharging through the
outlet pipe (9) connected with the former water chamber; and eliminating dirty substances from the
film at pre-determined time to obtain water with high turbidity; it also comprises the permeating and
detecting process, that is closing the open/close valve (15), stopping air discharging, generating
permeated water, and judging whether the film module has crack according to the detection value of
the dirty substance detecting device (19

The invention relates to a filter and algae removal method by micro flocculation-terylene high elater 1
fiber balls and equipment thereof. The method comprises: (1) the water to be treated and the
flocculant which is added by a wriggle pump are mixed in an inflow pipeline in front of a fiber ball filter
column, the water after mixing enters the fiber ball filter column, the filler of the filter column is terylene
high elater fiber ball filter material, and the fiber ball filter column carries out reverse washing of low
intensity at the end of the filter period; the equipment comprises an original water tank, a water
storage tank and a drug adding groove, the original water tank is communicated with a pipeline mixer
through a valve flow meter by a lift pump; the drug adding groove is communicated with the pipeline
mixer by the wriggle pump, and a stirrer is installed in the drug adding groove; the apopore of the
pipeline mixer sends the water to the water storage tank by the fiber ball filter column, and the
terylene high elater fiber ball filter material is installed at the middle part of the filter ball filter column.
By the terylene high elater fiber ball filter material with the characters of high porosity, large specific
surface area, fast filter speed and strong pollutant stopping ability and long filter period, the effect on
removing algae and turbidity substances in water is very obviou

Algal toxins are stable and never change in the sun or under ultraviolet radiation. TiO2 is generally
used as a catalyst to cause photodegradation of algal toxins under ultraviolet radiation. The invention
provides a method for quickly carrying out the photodegradation of algal toxins by natural pigments,
which pertains to the technical field of water treatment. With pigments naturally existing in algae and
water plants as a photosensitizer, together with the radiation of the sunlight, the pollution by the algal
toxins to water can be effectively removed by degradation. The method can be used for removing
algal toxins in waters such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, seas and the like and can also be used in the
water treatment of water departments in cities in which water sources are polluted by eutrophication.
In the sun, the photodegradation of the pigments also proceeds, thereby avoiding pigment residues in
water and secondary pollutio

The invention relates to an electrodeless quasi-molecule lamp, which emits lights through being
excited by microwaves in the electrodeless way. The invention mainly improves the design of a tube
and aresonant cavity, makes the tube through the electrodeless and excites the tube with the
microwaves, has simple production technology, and solves the problems existing in a common tube of
low electricefficiency, small power and short service life and the like. The resonant cavity adopts metal
mesh plates with over 70% light transmittance ratio, and is fixed by a bracket. The whole set of the
product has the advantages of high electric efficiency, high light transmittance ratio, long service life,
low production cost, large power and convenient fixation and installation, can expand the application
industries of quasi-molecule ultraviolet lights from high added value industries such as liquid crystal
glass light cleaning, printing and the like to the industries such as medical treatment, water treatment,
environment protection, chemical industry and material surface treatment and the like, and greatly
widens the application rang
The invention discloses a free radical advanced oxidation reactor, which comprises a reactor body, an
ultraviolet lamp and an aeration device, wherein the reactor body is a closed vessel; a water inlet, a
water outlet, a medicine feeding port, an ozone inlet and an end gas outlet which are communicated
with the inside of the reactor body are arranged on the reactor body respectively; the ultraviolet lamp
and the aeration device are both arranged inside the reactor body; the ultraviolet lamp adopts at least
two groups of medium voltage fluorescent lamps with different wavelengths, and the aeration device
is communicated with the ozone inlet on the reactor body. The reactor has the advantages of simple
structure, strong capability of treating difficultly biodegraded organic matters, short reaction time, high
reaction efficiency, wide application range, simple operation, stable outputted water quality, no
secondary pollution, joint use with other water treatment methods, and the like. The reactor can be
used as an advanced treatment reactor for a slightly polluted water body or a pretreatment reactor for
a high-concentration organic polluted water bod

The invention relates to a point-of-use multifunctional directly drinkable water dispenser and belongs 1
to the field of water treatment. The directly drinkable water dispenser is formed by a front filter, a micro
softening and regeneration control valve, a salt tank, a salt sucker, a softening column, an
ultrafiltration column and a carbon filtration column through connection with PE hoses in a quick
insertion mode and, according to the control mode of the micro softening and regeneration control
valve, can be made into three types: simple hand-control, complete hand-control and automatic
control. The directly drinkable water dispenser is mainly used for purifying drinkable water on a point
of use at a pipe terminal by filtering harmful materials in water such as suspended particles,
thermonatrite, organic contaminants, bacteria, viruses, odors and so on while preserving minerals
good for human body, improving activity of molecule, greatly improving taste of drinkable water, does
not require frequent replacement of filter elements, makes large water flow, only discharges
necessary reusable waste water and greatly saves water resourc

The invention relates to a method and device for improving lake water and relates to water treatment.
The device comprises an industrial tank body which is provided with a first partition board and a
second partition board which divide the industrial tank into a biochemical region, a filter membrane
region and a clear water region, wherein a first lift pump is communicated to the biochemical region,
the filter membrane region is provided with a membrane component which is connected with a second
lift pump and is communicated to the clear water region, a perforated aerator pipe is arranged under
the membrane component, a lower part of the clear water region is provided with a recoil pump, and
an upper part of the clear water region is provided with an UV light disinfection device. The method
comprises the following steps: 1) the biochemical region pumps lake water from a lake, and
microorganisms in activated sludge degrades contaminants, 2) lake water overflows from the
biochemical region flows to the filter membrane region, 3) the contaminants are further degraded and
filtered and separated by a micro filter membrane, and an effluent enters a clear water pond, 4) lake
water in theclear water region is treated by the UV light disinfection for UV light disinfection, and 5) the
recoil pump operates to return the lake water in the clear water region to the lake through an output
pipe. The method and device have advantages of no influence on landscapes, low cost and quick
result

A nano effect photocatalysis glass-tube structured water purifying device consists of a source water 1
pool, a purifier, a water purifying pool and a support, which is characterized in that the purifier is
arranged between the source water pool and the water purifying pool; the purifier is formed by the
sequential arrangement of a reaction chamber, a catalysis chamber and a filter chamber, and the
water in the source water pool passes through the flocculate in the reaction chamber and flows out
after being catalyzed and filtered. The purifying device designed based on the technical proposal is
provided with the purifier internally provided with the reaction chamber, the catalysis chamber and an
medium-high efficient filter chamber; the sewage is subjected to flocculation and decomposition
reaction in the reaction chamber, organic contaminants and bacteria are removed from the reacted
water by photocatalysis, and then particles are removed by filtering material, thus achieving the
purpose of cleaning water. The technical proposal is applicable to the manufacture of water purifying
devices in the fields of beverage, drinking water, medication, chemical engineering, and the lik
The invention relates to a water purification device for a reverse osmosis directly drinkable water 1
dispenser. The device comprises a water tank divided into a raw water chamber and a waste water
chamber, a primary filtering device, a reverse osmosis treatment device and a clean water tank, and is
characterized in that the primary filtering device and the reverse osmosis treatment device are
arranged in a shell. The shell has two water openings. The bottom of the shell has a general water
outlet which is connected with the clean water tank. The water tank is arranged above the shell
detachably. Elastic internal pressure self-sealing valves are arranged at a raw water outlet and a
waste water recovery opening of the water tank. In the water purification device, the water tank does
not needto be connected with a water pipe and to be arranged in a place wherein water pipes are
arranged, so the directly drinkable water dispenser using the water purification device suffers no limit
on installation place and can be arranged at any place. The water purification device is convenient in
use, particularly suitable for domestic application. And a waste water outlet is not required to be
arranged on the water tank, and a special concentrated water discharge pipeline is not required, so
the water purification device is simpler in structure, more reasonable in arrangement and the same
withthe prior drinkable water dispenser in terms of use occasion and mod

The invention discloses a production device for changing macro-molecule water into micro-molecule 1
water. The device completes this change by using physical action (magnetic field, nano filtering
material and film technology

The invention relates to one-step production technology for producing an ultraviolet ray absorbent UV-
531. The production technology comprises the following stps: A, under the action of polyethylene
glycol, heating benzoyl chloride, m-phenol diamine and n-octyl alcohol to a temperature between 175
and 185 DEG C, reacting the benzoyl chloride and the m-phenol diamine to generate hydrogen
chloride gas which makes the pressure in a reaction kettle reach 2.0 MPa, and then obtaining 2-
hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone crude product after 6h reaction; B, obtaining the hydrochloric acid
products after the hydrogen chloride gas is absorbed by water; and C, purifying, dissolving,
crystallising and drying the 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone crude product to obtain the 2-hydroxy-
4-octyloxybenzophenone finished product. The production technology has the advantages of using
fewer varieties of raw materials to produce products with the same quantity, further improving the
utilization rate of raw materials, generating small quantity of wastewater, and effectively controlling
environmental pollutio

A fluororesin polymer separation membrane excelling in not only separation characteristics, water 1
permeation performance, chemical strength (especially chemical resistance) and physical strength but
also stain resistance; and a process for producing the same. There is provided a fluororesin polymer
separation membrane comprising a layer of three-dimensional network structure and a layer of
spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-dimensional network structure is composed of a
fluororesin polymer composition containing a hydrophilic polymer, the hydrophilic polymer being a
substantially water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer containing at least one member selected from
among cellulose ester, fatty acid vinyl ester, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as a
polymerization component. This polymer separation membrane can be used as a filtration membrane
for water treatment, separator for battery, charged membrane, membrane for fuel cell, filtration
membrane for blood purification, et

The invention discloses a short-flow water treatment process for taking ultrafiltration as core and 1
integrating multiple kinds of water purification technology into a whole. A flocculant is added to a raw
water pipeline; after raw water has flocculation reaction in a flocculation pool, the raw water enters a
membrane pool for precipitation and enters an ultrafiltration membrane system for ultrafiltration
treatment; sludge immersed into a sludge condensation region of the membrane pool is condensed
and is discharged out of the pool by a sludge discharge pipeline; and water filtered by the
ultrafiltration membrane system passes through a water producing pipeline and enters a clean water
pool. The process has the advantages of short flow, small occupied area, convenient operation and
management, low operating cost, good quality of outlet water, and the like. After the raw water is
treated through the water purification process provided by the invention, biological safety of the outlet
water is greatly improved and fully reaches or even exceeds New National Health Standard of
Drinking Water (GB5749-2006
[From equivalent CN101480583A] The invention relates to a novel method for preparing a 1
polyetherimide hollow fiber membrane. Spinning solution comprises the following components in
percentage by weight: 15-35 percent of polyetherimide powder, 50-75 percent of non-volatility solvent,
0-25 percent of volatile solvent and 0-15 percent of non-solvent. A dry-wet method spinning process is
adopted to spin; at a temperature between 5 DEG C and 80 DEG C, the spinning solution is extruded
by a nozzle; core solution adopts purified water or the mixed solution of water and solvent; a primary
hollow fiber membrane passes through the distance between 0 mm and 1,000 mm in the air and
enters jelly bath; the temperature of the jelly bath is controlled to be between 0 DEG C and 80 DEG C;
the drafting speed rate of spinning is between 2 m/min and 50 m/min. The invention has the
advantages that the prepared hollow fiber membrane has good penetrability, selectivity and pressure
resisting performance and can be applied in the field of gas separation of hydrogen reclamation, air
separation, carbon oxide separation, and the lik

The invention discloses a solar device used for photoelectrocatalysis oxidation of organics in water,
which pertains to the field of advanced photocatalytic oxidation technology for water treatment in
environmental chemical engineering, more particularly relates to a photoelectrocatalysis organic water
treatment device which can directly utilize the ultraviolet light and the visible light in the sunlight. The
device comprises a shell body 1, a solar photocatalytic anode 2, a carbon-material cathode 3, a Ti-
based stibium-doped tin dioxide electrode 4 and deflection baffles 10. A plurality of the parallel
deflection baffles 10 arranged in the device cause the reaction device to have the functions of a plate-
column water treatment device, and the number of the baffles can be designed, calculated and
determined according to the waste water entrance depth and the requirements on the quality of
outflow water. The device has simple structure, directly utilizes the clean and renewable solar energy
and clean electrical energy, is especially suitable for in-water reaction rate control and the treatment of
organics which are hard to be oxidized, has high oxidation efficiency and is environment-friendl

The invention discloses an ultraviolet disinfection device, more particularly relates to an ultraviolet
disinfection device used for the treatment of supplying water sewage. The device comprises a
stainless-steel cylinder body, a quartz glass sleeve, a flange disk, a flange, a chlorotrifluoro-plastic
supporting layer, a water inlet and a water outlet; an ultraviolet lamp group and the quartz glass
sleeve are arranged in the stainless-steel cylinder body; one end of the stainless-steel cylinder body
is provided with the flange disk sealed by a rubber ring; one end of the quartz glass sleeve
isconnected with the flange disk by the flange, and the other end is fixed by the chlorotrifluoro-plastic
supporting layer; and the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged outside the stainless-steel
cylinder body. The installation and exchange of the UV light tube, as well as the sealing, fixing,
cleaning and maintenance of the quartz glass sleeve, are simple, safe and reliable, thereby avoiding
the phenomenon of disinfection short circling and improving the ultraviolet disinfection effec

The invention discloses an ultraviolet light tube automatic cleaning system and a method thereof
applied to water treatment. The system comprises a scraping mechanism, a fixing support, a
compressor and a control box, wherein the control box comprises a control switch, a setting button
and a main control module; and the main control module further comprises a main control chip, a time
setting unit, a storage cell, a time detecting unit, a comparison and judgment unit, a going stroke
control unit and a back stroke control unit. The cleaning method is to determine a corresponding next
step through detection of actual going stroke time and actual back stroke time. The invention controls
strokes of a cleaning mechanism by setting of reciprocating time of the cleaning mechanism, does not
need signal transmitting wires or tangible switches, reduces the number of external elements of the
equipment and working links of a control circuit, simplifies production and manufacture process,
avoids wiring problem, effectively solves the problems of the prior control method, and improves the
working reliability of the cleaning syste
The invention discloses a method for preparing an antipollution chitosan-nonwoven fabric composite 1
porous filter membrane and belongs to the technical field of microfilter and ultrafilter composite
membranes. The method is characterized in that the method adopts nonwoven fabric with nominal
aperture of between 0.1 and 10 microns as a base membrane; a crosslinking agent is adopted to
carry out pretreatment on the base membrane; 0.1 to 10 mass percent amylose is dissolved in an
acetic acid solution; the crosslinking agent and a hole formation agent are added into the acetic acid
solution; after the crosslinking reaction, a casting film liquid is obtained; at negative pressure, the
casting film liquid is evenly coated on the surface and pores of the porous base membrane; and after
treatment by a sodium hydroxide solution and a hot water bath, the antipollution chitosan-nonwoven
fabric composite porous filter membrane is formed. The method has the advantages that the prepared
composite membrane has good mechanical performance and chemical stability; and the surface of
the membrane is levelled and smooth. The composite membrane has dual functions of hydrophile and
antibiosis, can lighten adsorption of pollutants on the surface of the membrane, inhibit the growth and
reproduction of thalli on the surface of the membrane, and keep the penetrating performance of the
membrane and is widely applied to the water treatment process of various field

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane and relates to a photocatalytic composite 1
ceramic separation membrane using porous ceramic membrane as a carrier, a method for preparing
the same and application of the separation membrane. The method is characterized in that a porous
ceramic membrane substrate is used as the carrier to prepare hydroxyapatite sol and argent-titania
composite sol through sol-gel technology; and a carrier membrane is subjected to secondary sol-gel
dipping, drying and roasting sequentially to obtain the argent-carried titania/hydroxyapatite
photocatalytic composite ceramic separation membrane with aperture of between 100 and 1,900 nm
and porosity of between 20 and 55 percent. The photocatalytic composite ceramic separation
membrane has biological adsorption and high photocatalytic activity and membrane permeability,
improves separation of the composite membrane, photocatalytic degradation and sterilization, has
remarkable effects of decontamination and sterilization, reduces the loss of porosity in the process of
membrane preparation, has a simple preparation and application process, is easy for large-scale
industrial production, integrates three units of membrane separation, photocatalytic degradation and
sterilization and reduces investment and occupied are

The invention relates to a water treatment system, which simultaneously uses the injection of sodium
hypochlorite and the radiation of ultraviolet to perform sterilization and alga killing treatment. The
water treatment system is provided with control devices (13a, 13b) which increase the ultraviolet
irradiation dose to pools (3, 5) arranged in the middle process step or the front process step aiming at
the condition that the ultraviolet irradiation dose to a pool (8) arranged in the later process step is
reduce

The invention discloses a water purifier, which comprises a non-woven fabric component 1
communicated with tap water, a granular active carbon component communicated with the non-woven
fabric component, a nano-filtration membrane component arranged in back of the granular active
carbon component and communicated with the granular active carbon component, and a water
storage barrel communicated with a water outlet of the nano-filtration membrane component. The
water purifier not only reduces such components as a tap water booster pump, a pressure water
storage tank, a postposition active carbon component, and the like, and effectively lowers the cost
and energy consumption of the water purifier, but also can further remove bacteria in purified water
and inhibit the growth of the bacteria, can reduce yielding water bacteria to the minimum content, and
simultaneously can dissolve out proper amount of zinc element in a KDF filter material to have the
additional efficacy of supplementing zin

[From equivalent CN101514060A] The invention discloses a device for treating emergency drinking 1
water, comprising a water pump, a pretreatment system and an ultra filtration membrane filter system
which are connected in sequence, and further comprising a ClO2 feeding system, wherein the inside
of the pretreatment system and the water outlet pipe of the ultra filtration membrane filter system are
respectively provided with ClO2 feeding points and the ClO2 feeding points are connected with the
ClO2 feeding system. The invention adopts the ultra filtration membrane filter system and an
advanced ClO2 sterilization system to effectively remove the harmful substances in the water, in
particular to obtain qualified water in a multi-point ClO2 feeding way. The invention has the
characteristics of high water outlet efficiency and low cost in manufacture and operatio
The invention belongs to the water purifying field used for field fight foot soldiers, and relates to an 1
individual soldier water purifier which applies composite nano water purifying material and can
completely remove heavy metal, organic matters, bacteria and virus. The individual soldier water
purifier consists of a bottle cap (201) provided with internal thread, a filter element (202) and a bottle
body (203) having a bottle mouth (204). The shapes of the composite nano water purifying material
include lamellar circular shape, curve tube shape and flakiness; according to the weight percentage,
the composite nano water purifying material comprises the main components: 35-60% of oxidized-
aluminium hydroxide, 15-35% of glass fiber and 15-25% of cellulose, wherein, the grain diameter of
the oxidized-aluminium hydroxide is 20-60 nanometers, and the specific surface area is 360-800m/g.
The individual soldier water purifier has strong removing capability for non-purified water, and the
advantages of high purifying level and efficiency, long service life and large saturation. The applied
composite nano water purifying material can be reused, is simple to regenerate, and has no
secondary pollutio

The invention discloses a method for processing polluted water by utilizing a film bioreactor in a 1
positive pressure environment. The method comprises the following steps: A. the film bioreactor has a
pressure-proof cylinder body, a film aperture is a micro filter membrane core of 0.2-5 microns; B. the
suspended solid concentration of the mixed muddy water of the polluted water inside the film
bioreactor and activated sludge is kept between 5000 mg/L and 8000 mg/L, and the volume load is
kept between 2.5 kg BOD5/m.d and 4.0 kg BOD5/m.d; C. an air compressor is started to aerate to
keep pressure inside the film bioreactor between 0.2MPa and 0.4MPa, dissolved oxygen is kept
between 4 mg/L and 6 mg/L, the detention time of the polluted water inside the film bioreactor is kept
between 2 hours and 4 hours, and organic contaminant is metabolized and degraded by microbe
inside the activated sludge; D. the processed polluted water is filtered by the micro filter membrane
core and then flows out of the film bioreactor by depending on the pressure inside the film bioreactor.
The method adopts the film bioreactor to biodegrade the organic contaminant in the positive pressure
environment, thereby enhancing the dissolved oxygen concentration, the microbial activity and the
sludge loading inside the film bioreactor, increasing the degrading speed of the organic contaminant
and enhancing the water quality of processed wate

The invention relates to a grouped and staggered backwashing ultrafiltration device, which belongs to 1
the technical field of pure water manufacturing equipment. The device consists of N ultrafiltration
membrane component groups and a pressure release device, wherein each ultrafiltration membrane
component group comprises n ultrafiltration membrane components of which the water inlets are
connected mutually first and then connected with an inlet valve and a backwashing drainage valve,
the outlets of the n ultrafiltration membrane components are connected mutually first and then
connected with an outlet valve and a backwashing inlet valve, the concentrated water outlets of the n
ultrafiltration membrane components are connected mutually first and then connected with a
concentrated water drainage valve, the inlet value of each ultrafiltration membrane component group
is respectively connected to an water inlet manifold of the ultrafiltration device, the outlet value of each
ultrafiltration membrane component group is respectively connected to a water outlet manifold of the
ultrafiltration device, and the backwashing inlet valves are connected mutually first, then connected
with the pressure release device and finally connected with a reverse osmosis concentrated water
pipe. The device has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, convenient use,
resource conservation, less investment, good adaptability and popularizatio

The invention relates to a UV/H2O2 advanced oxidized water treatment equipment and a treatment
method. The UV/H2O2 advanced oxidized water treatment equipment comprises a H2O2 adding
device and a reactor, wherein the H2O2 adding device is formed by a dosing tank, a flowmeter and an
ejector which are orderly connected; and the reactor comprises a shell, an ultraviolet lamp arranged
on an axis line inside the shell, and an annular glass tube which surrounds outside the ultraviolet lamp
and is communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet of the shell. The water treatment method
comprises the following steps that: a H2O2 solution is pre-prepared and placed into the dosing tank,
and H2O2 is continuously added into the solution through the siphon of the ejector and the mixture is
mixed; and raw water added with the H2O2 flows into the reactor from a water outlet of the ejector
through the water inlet of the shell of the reactor, and flows from the bottom up along the annular
glass tube under the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp. The treatment equipment and the treatment
method can realize the automatic adding of the H2O2, can effectively prolong the irradiated time of
water by ultraviolet rays, have simple process operation, only need to regularly supplement the H2O2
solution, and are suitable for the deep treatment of the water of municipal water distribution networks
of citie
The invention relates to a drinking water purifying device combining photocatalysis and inorganic
membrane filtration technology, comprising an active carbon filtration assembly, an inorganic
membrane filtration assembly and a photocatalysis membrane assembly. Water flows into the active
carbon filtration assembly and then passes through the inorganic membrane filtration assembly, and
finally, purified drinking water flows out of the photocatalysis membrane assembly. The inorganic
membrane filtration assembly and the photocatalysis membrane assembly are both mounted
vertically to prevent sediment from polluting membranes and avoiding dead flow areas; the active
carbon can be soaked in edible alcohol for being utilized repeatedly; the inorganic membrane of the
inorganic membrane filtration assembly has high mechanical strength and can resist corrosion; and all
assemblies of the device have long service lives and have no needs of frequent cleaning and
replacement. The invention adopts the photocatalysis membrane action for sterilization, has good
effect, can purify water in depth, loads phtocatalyst on stainless steel or the inner wall of a glass tube
and adopts an ultraviolet source to inspire the photocatalysis membrane to react so as to achieve the
purpose of sterilization and trace organic matter degradation, have no problems of catalyst
separation, and can not cause second water pollutio

The invention discloses a microbial purifying ecological treatment system of a landscape water body,
which comprises a first-stage filter tank (1), a second-stage biochemical pool (2), a third-stage
biochemical pool (3), a fourth-stage reduction pool (4), a fifth-stage clean water pool (5), and a
pollution discharge pool (6). The invention adopts micro-power circulation, filtration and
sedimentation, utilizes a microbial contact oxidation method, via a multi-stage artificial beneficial
microbial culture bed, by a technical proposal that an aerobic beneficial microorganism takes in and
degrades the organic pollutant, nitrogen and phosphorus plant nutrient, and then a ultraviolet ray
implements sterilization and disinfection for purifying and restoring the clear water, and thus solving
the problems and shortcomings of high cost, water source restriction, drug contamination, and lower
removal rate which exist in the prior art. The microbial purifying ecological treatment system of the
landscape water body can lead the purifying treatment of the landscape water body to achieve the
purposes of easy control, high removal, low cost, non-needing water change, and non-drug pollution
by theway of artificially cultivating aerobic beneficial microbial ecological circular automatic purificatio

The present invention belongs to an industrialization aquiculture field, particularly relates to a closed
cycle water industrialized fish cultivating system. The system separates solid and liquid in a storage
sedimentation basin and a backwater channel sedimentation and rotational flow pool sedimentation,
the tiny particulate matter is separated and purified by a sandrock filtering bed of a one level biological
filter based on the water particulate matter separation, the water purified by the one level biological
filter is feed into a two stage biological filter, the biological film of biologic filling material in the one
level and the two stage biological filters is degraded with ammonia nitrogen and azote nitrous acid,
the total purifying rate of the water particulate matter reaches more than 99%, the culturing water is
added with oxygen mechanically or by liquid oxygen, finally the water is disinfected and sterilized
through a ultraviolet ray sterilizer, and the clean ecological water is feed into a fish pool, thus the
waste water of the fish pool may be purified and used in repeat. The fish-cultivating system
implements completely closed cycle water industrialized fish cultivation, the fish is out of a disease or
less, and the fish survival is more than 80

The invention discloses a method for processing 3, 4-dichloroaniline in water. A high voltage electrode
and a low voltage electrode are put in water body containing 3, 4-dichloroaniline to form a medium for
resisting discharged electrodes, wherein the low voltage electrode contacts with water body to jointly
form an earth electrode, the high voltage electrode connected with a power supply is separated from
the water body by a medium of glass, air is introduced between the high voltage electrode and the
medium of glass to form the medium for resisting discharge, thereby treating the water body;
photocatalyst of titanium dioxide is added to the water body before the medium resists discharge, and
ultraviolet light generated by plasma and photocatalyst can generate unique 'synergistic effect',
thereby greatly improving degradation efficiency. The invention can effectively remove 3, 4-
dichloroaniline component with biological toxicity in waste water for removing aniline. Compared with
other plasma methods for resisting discharge by media, the invention has high degradation efficiency,
short treatment time, small energy consumption, and simple and convenient devices of reactors and
operation, et
The invention provides a water purifier active carbon filter element provided with a folding protective 1
layer, which comprises a non-woven filter layer made from non-woven cotton fiber, chemical fiber or
carbon fiber materials, wherein the folded non-woven filter layer is wound orderly and arranged
around a compressed active carbon filter element blank pipe to form a circle of external folding
protective layer, a middle water outlet cavity is formed on the inner side of the filter element and is
filled with a non-woven cloth protective layer, and two ends of a filter element water outlet are
provided with protective end covers which are provided with rubber leak-proof gaskets. The water
purifier active carbon filter element adopts a novel process that a novel folding filter protective layer
and a novel high-efficiency nano-silver antibacterial material are blended into non-woven fiber
materials, updates the manufacturing mode of the conventional filter element, and improves the
antibacterial and filtering effects of the filter element, so that folding filter layers are arranged densely
and evenly; and simultaneously, the cross section area for passing through water and the deodorizing
effect are increased, the water quality filtering quality standard is improved, and the service life of the
filter element is prolonge

The invention relates to a method for degrading microcystic toxin-LR in a water body through
photocatalytic oxidation, which comprises the following steps: mixing tetrabutyl titanate and ethanol,
stirring the mixture for 10 minutes at normal temperature, dripping an acetic acid into the mixture,
stirring the mixture for 10 minutes, slowly dripping a mixed liquid of the ethanol and distilled water,
continuous stirring the mixture for 2 to 3 hours, and performing aging on the mixture for 24 hours for
standby; impregnating active carbon in the aged liquid for 2 hours, roasting the obtained product for 2
hours at the temperature of 500 DEG C, and washing and drying the obtained product; and mixing a
water sample containing the microcystic toxin-LR with a TiO2 supported catalyst according to the
proportion of 1L:1g, performing adsorption on the mixture for 30 minutes, and opening an ultraviolet
lamp to irradiate the obtained product for 10 minutes. The method has the advantages of quickness,
high efficiency, safety, simple treatment process, low cost, environmental protection, secondary
utilization of the catalyst, obvious catalytic degradation effect, small inactivation influence of the
catalyst, and good application prospect in the field of water treatment and purificatio

The invention discloses a self-anchored immersed ecological filter bed and a method thereof for 1
purifying micro-polluted surface water in situ, wherein the filter bed comprises a three-dimensional
rectangle framework, parallel ropes (nylon cords or ropes of other materials), contact oxidation fillers
and biomembranes; the plurality of parallel ropes are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface
and the lower surface of the three-dimensional rectangle framework; the contact oxidation fillers are
bound among the parallel ropes on the upper surface and the lower surface; the biomembranes
areadhered to the surfaces of the contact oxidation fillers; and an anchored heavy things is connected
to the bottom of the three-dimensional rectangle framework. The method thereof for purifying water
comprises the steps of arranging the filter bed in the water body needing purification, anchoring the
anchored heavy things at the bottom of a river (lake) bed, leading the filter bed to be immersed and
suspended in the water body, and leading the bottom of the filter bed not to contact the river (lake)
bed. The invention has the characteristics of large contact specific surface area, high biomass,quick
purification speed, high efficiency, no affection on the sight and the lik

The invention relates to the industry of water treatment, in particular to the depth-type filtration and
purification of field drinking water. The invention discloses a method for filtering field water for
drinking. Equipment for implementing the method comprises a filter element unit for filtration, a water
pump device for pumping raw water, a germicidal lamp for sterilizing bacteria and viruses and a
noncommercial power supply device, wherein the output circuit of the power supply device is
connected with the germicidal lamp and the control circuit of the water pump device; the water pump
device is connected to a raw water filtration and sterilization pipe formed by the filter element unit and
an ultraviolet ray sterilizer. The equipment has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use,
diversified water resources and capability for pretreatment, strong field environment suitability,
applicability to emergency environments where accidents of natural disasters such as earthquake,
flood, drought and the like occur, and contribution to the popularization and promotion of water purifier
The invention relates to a preparation method of blended polyether sulfone hollow fabulous 1
membrane for plasma separation, comprising steps of (1) stirring polyether sulfone, polyvinyl polymer,
pore former, alcohols and solvent; (2) filtering and de-foaming spinning dope, extruding from a
spinneret composed of two cocentric tubes; after 20 to 800mm dry spinning process, solidifying,
primarily generating filaments, after bi-directionally drawing and retracting for over four times, water
washing and treating with hole retaining agent of alcohols, winding at speed of 10 to 60m/min, thus
obtaining the hollow fabulous membrane. The method is simple and is applied to industrial production.
The obtained fabulous membrane has size of micropore controlled and enables plasma separation to
be realize

The invention discloses a preparation method for a filter medium for removing N-nitrosodimethylamine 1
in water, comprising the following steps: (a) raw materials containing ultra-high molecular weight
polyethylene, active carbon, molecular sieve powder, zeolite powder and diatomite powder are mixed,
wherein the weight ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the active carbon, the
molecular sieve powder, the zeolite powder and the diatomite powder is (100-300):(50-100):(100-
200):(100-150):(100-150); and (b) the mixture obtained in the step (a) is pressed, sintered and cooled
in a mould. The filter medium for removing N-nitrosodimethylamine in water by the preparation
method reaches the removing efficiency of over 92 percent and has simple method, low cost and
quick returns. The invention also discloses the filter medium for removing N-nitrosodimethylamine in
wate

The invention discloses a method for fenton photocatalytic oxidation degradation of various
microcystins in water. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a fenton reagent and a
photocatalyst in a water body polluted by the microcystins, adjusting the pH value of the mixed
solution to 2.2 to 6.2 by sulfuric acid and solution of sodium hydroxide, fully stirring the mixed solution
for reaction, and placing the reaction solution under an ultraviolet lamp for reaction for 0.5 to 5min. In
the method, the degrading process of the microcystins is greatly shortened under the condition of
reducing the adding amount of catalytic oxidation agent; moreover, the method has the characteristics
of shortening reaction time, reducing adding amount of reagent, highly efficiently degrading various
microcystins in the water body in a short time without causing secondary pollution, and meeting
technical requirements of municipal water works and rural small-sized water purifying devices on
degrading the microcystins in low cost and high efficienc

[From equivalent CN101602557A] The invention relates to a UV/TiO2 photocatalytic disinfection

method for carbon-bacterium complexes in effluent water of drinking water activated carbon
treatment. The method mainly aims at the problem that the carbon-bacterium complexes in the
effluent water of a drinking water activated carbon process are resistant to chlorine disinfection and
difficult to kill caused by the protection of carbon granules on bacteria. On the basis that UV has
strong penetrability and disinfection capacity and can damage the protection of the carbon granules
on the bacteria, UV/TiO2 can produce strong oxidizing OH, the synergy of the UV and the UV/TiO2
further strengthens the carbon-bacterium inactivation capacity, and the high-efficient UV/TiO2
photocatalytic disinfection method aiming at carbon bacteria is researched and developed. The
method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing the activated carbon, and concentrating an
eluent for standby after pre-treatment with a microfiltration membrane; secondly, preparing a TiO2
membrane material; then, putting the eluent into a UV/TiO2 photocatalytic reactor for carbon-
bacterium disinfection; and finally, measuring bacterial inactivation rate before and after the
disinfection to evaluate the disinfection efficiency. The method has the advantage of high disinfection
efficiency for the bacteria on the carbon-bacterium complexe

The invention discloses multi-source ultraviolet light catalyzed chlorine disinfection technology for
drinking water, and relates to purification treatment technology for drinking water. Besides
coagulation, precipitation and filter treatment for water, the technology also comprises disinfection by
a combination method of multi-source ultraviolet light irradiating disinfection for water and disinfection
of chlorine-containing disinfectant added in the water, wherein the multi-source ultraviolet light
irradiation is composite ultraviolet light irradiation adopting at least two of three ultraviolet light
mercury lamps of high pressure, medium pressure and low pressure, the total dosage of the
ultraviolet light irradiation is 0.1 to 200 mJ/cm, and the amount of the added chlorine-containing
disinfectant is 0.1 to 30 mg/L in terms of effective chlorine content. The method uses weakening effect
of the multi-source ultraviolet light irradiation on pathogenic microbe and catalysis effect thereof on
chlorine disinfection, improves the inactivating efficiency for the chlorine-resistant pathogenic microbe,
and achieves the aim of reducing the throughput of yielded disinfected byproducts by controlling the
adding amount of the chlorine. The method can greatly improve the inactivating rate of virus,
simultaneously reduce the yielded disinfection byproducts, and improve the water quality safety of the
drinking wate
The invention relates to technology for preparing a separation membrane, in particular to a high- 1
strength sub-micron pore separation membrane, a preparation method and application thereof, which
solve the problems of low strength and short service life of the separation membrane used in a
system for separating liquid, gas and the like, and can be applied to the system for separating the
liquid or the gas in water treatment and gas purification at a work temperature lower than 130 DEG C.
The high-strength sub-micron pore separation membrane is prepared from ultrahigh molecular weight
polyethylene as a raw material by a sintering method. The preparation method comprises the
following steps: (1) screening polyethylene powder with ultrahigh molecular weight; (2) sintering a
supporting body; and (3) preparing an overall separation membrane. The overall separation
membrane comprises a core supporting body and a surface separation membrane, wherein the
thickness of the supporting body is between 9 and 20 millimeters; the thickness of the overall
separation membrane is between 15 and 30 millimeters; and the diameter of a filter pore of the
separation membrane is adjustable within the range of 0.15 to 0.06 microns. The preparation method
can enable the separation membrane to have sufficient mechanical strength and effectively prolong
the service life of the separation membran

The invention provides a method for preparing a filter medium used for removing nickel in water. The 1
method comprises the following steps: a) mixing raw materials containing ultra-high molecular weight
polyethylene, activated carbon, nanometer X type zeolite molecular sieve powder, attapulgite powder
and pore forming agent, wherein the weight ratio of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the
activated carbon, the nanometer X type zeolite molecular sieve powder, the attapulgite powder and
the pore forming agent is 100-300:50-100:100-200:100-200:50-100; and b) pressing, sintering and
cooling mixture obtained in the step a) in a mould. The invention also discloses the filter medium and
a filter element which are obtained by the preparation method, a water purifying device and a water
dispenser using the filter medium or the filter element. Compared with the prior art, the invention has
the advantages that the provided technical scheme can remove the nickel in the water, has the
removal rate reaching over 90 percent so as to achieve the aim of improving the water quality, and
has simple method, low cost and quick respons

The invention relates to a low-pressure energy-saving water-saving reverse osmosis mineralized 1

direct-drinking healthy water device, which is achieved by comprising a raw water pre-filtering
treatment device, a high-pressure pump 6 connected with the pre-filtering treatment device, and a
reverse osmosis filter 7 connected with the high-pressure pump 6, wherein the reverse osmosis filter
7 is connected with a multi-micro mineralization device 8, an ozone generator 9 and a gas-liquid mixer
10, and the finally produced water is direct-drinking mineral water stored in a mineral water tank 11.
The pre-filtering treatment device comprises a quartz sand filter 1, an active carbon filter 3, a
softening filter 4 and a precision filter 5. Compared with the prior art, the device has the characteristics
of less waste water and large consumption reduction, and the concentrated water discharge is only
1/5 of that in the conventional mode; and a high-pressure membrane of a commensuration pump
needs a pressure of between 15 and 25 MPa, and a low-pressure membrane only needs a pressure
of between 6 and 10 MPa, which are nearly 1/3 of that in the conventional mode. Besides, the
produced mineral water has good water quality and can be drunk directl

The invention discloses a graft-modified macromolecular filter membrane for water treatment and a 1
method for preparing the same. The filter membrane takes a macromolecular membrane material as
a grafting substrate, wherein the chemical structure of a macromolecular filter membrane interface
comprises an electroneutral acid-base matching network. The preparation method comprises the
following steps: 1) preparing a modified macromolecular membrane material of a branched chain
containing negatively charged acidic groups by a pre-irradiation grafting method; 2) preparing a
modified macromolecularmembrane material of a branched chain containing positively charged
alkaline groups by the pre-irradiation grafting method; 3) and dissolving the modified macromolecular
membrane material of the step1) and the modified macromolecular membrane material of the step 2)
in solvent in the molar ratio of the contained acid-base groups of 1 to 1, and adding a pore-forming
agent so as to prepare electroneutral membrane casting solution. The invention provides a method for
improving the performance of the filter membrane fully, and prepares a permanently pollution resistant
filter membrane. The filtermembrane has the characteristics of high water flux and high retention rate,
and has significant economic benefi
The invention relates to a nano germanium-containing filter element, which comprises a nano- 1
germanium filtering layer and an inner non-woven protective layer; and a cavity through which water
can passis formed at the inner side of the filter element. A drinking water purification treatment
material adopted by the nano germanium-containing filter element comprises the following
components in percentage by weight: 0.2 to 3 percent of nanometer germanium, 5 to 20 percent of
tourmaline nano-powder, 1 to 10 percent of nano-silver antimicrobial material, 5 to 20 percent of hot-
melt powder and the balance of active carbon. According to the nano germanium-containing filter
element, drinking water contains trace element germanium and has high activity, and can effectively
absorb and filter iron rust, suspended substances, silt, peculiar smell, algae, flocculation chemicals,
harmful conglutination substances and heavy metal in tap water; when antibiosis and disinfection are
carried out, water processed by germanium filtering simultaneously has the function of regulating the
abnormal electric potential and magnetic field of a human body, can capture the electronic magnetic
field of cancer cells so as to reduce the electric potential of the cancer cells and inhibit the
deterioration of the state of illness of cancer, and is suitable for crowds lacking the germanium, middle
and old aged groups and cancer and tumour patients of wide areas lacking the germaniu

The invention discloses a method for recovering and utilizing steam condensate water in production of 1
wet phosphoric acid. The method comprises: firstly introducing the steam condensate water into a
vacuum evaporator to be evaporated and cooled; leading the produced steam to enter a low pressure
steam pipe network; after temperature reduction, leading the condensate water into a heat exchanger
tobe further cooled, and then sending into a water desalination device for purification treatment;
finally, supplying the obtained soft water for a waste heat boiler of a sulphuric acid device for use.The
method leads part of the steam condensate water to be directly changed into steam which is supplied
to a phosphoric acid concentrating device for recycling, thus avoiding energy sources being wasted.
As the temperature of the steam condensate water is effectively lowered, an ultra-filtration and
reverse osmosis device can be protected, and the service life of the device is prolonged. By applying
the method, the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger, the quantity of circulating cooling water,
the sizes of a circulating pump, a water cooling tower, a blast blower and other accessory equipment
as well as the investment are reduced, and the running cost is also reduced. The method is simple in
technique, water-saving, obvious in effect of energy saving, and remarkable in economic benefi

[From equivalent CN101647421A] The invention relates to a pond water system bactericidal
oxygenation inner circulation self-cleaning device which comprises a moving boat, a diving self-
sucking pump, a water transmission pipe, a filter bag and a comprehensive processing groove,
wherein the diving self-sucking pump is installed on the moving boat, the distance between the water
sucking end and the water surface of a pond is 5-8 cm, and the water outlet end is connected with the
filter bag by the water transmission pipe; the comprehensive processing groove is arranged on a pond
ridge and the pond ridge is internally provided with a filter bag groove, a transparent bactericidal
overflow step, an ultraviolet ray bactericidal lamp and a purifying oxygenation belt; floating objects in
the pond are delivered into the filter bagtogether after being sucked, and the filtered water is sterilized
by ultraviolet rays and shunted and oxygenated by the purifying oxygenation belt. The device can
clean the water floating objects ina pond water system, such as cyanophyte, and the like, carry out
ultraviolet ray sterilization and oxygenation on the filtered water and realize the circular cleaning,
sterilization, oxygenation, purification and self-cleaning of pond water, increase the oxygen content of
a water body, greatly reduce noxious bacteria in the water body and eliminate and prevent different
floating algae, thereby being more beneficial to the growth of breeding animals in the pon

The invention discloses a new application of a wall flow type ceramic filter element. The prior water 1
filtering product has the defects of small flow and easy blockage and scale depositing and needs
periodic replacement. The filter element is installed in a filter element sleeve which is connected with
a running water pipe by a two-way valve to form a good water filtering system; water inlet and outlet
processes are regulated by regulating the two-way valve for reversely flushing the filter element and
discharging pollutants. The filter element is processed by loose silicon carbide materials by a special
processing technology, is provided with micro bores and has good rigidity of an ordinary ceramic
product, large filtering space, strong water pressure resistant capability and long servicelife; and a
plurality of ordered alternated squares axially arranged and water inlet counter bores and water outlet
counter bores are arranged in the filter element, and the counter depths of the water inlet counter
bores and the water outlet counter bores approach to the filter element height, therefore, the water
outlet quantity is ensured to the largest degree. The filter element is widely suitable for various water
filtering and purifying device
[From equivalent CN101648970A] The invention relates to a pre-treatment method of membrane 1
technology resource recovery of glyphosate mother solution, which has the characteristics that before
the membrane technology resource recovery treatment of the glyphosate mother solution, economic
and high-efficiency coagulating sedimentation pre-treatment is adopted. The method realizes high-
efficiency pre-treatment before the treatmentof membrane technology separation and recovery of the
glyphosate mother solution, main substances-multivalent anions, which affect membrane flux and
membrane pollution, are effectively removed, nanofiltration flux is improved by four-six times, the flux
attenuation speed is greatly reduced, the cleaning frequency and time are effectively reduced, and the
service life of a membrane element is improved. The technology has the advantages of short flow, low
cost, good operating stability of a membrane system, easy industrial amplification and the like, and
overcomes the disadvantages that the membrane pollution of the membrane technology resource
recovery utilization of the glyphosate mother solution is serious, flux attenuation is rapid, process flow
is long, the service life of the membrane element is short, the replacement is frequent and the cost is
high at the same tim

A water treatment device of continuous flow ozone/ultraviolet/advanced oxidation relates to a water

treatment device which solves the problems that the existing water treatment device has low ozone
utilization rate and can not realize arbitrary combination, flexible switch and the like among ozone
oxidation, ultraviolet disinfection and advanced oxidation. An ozone outlet of an ozone generator
iscommunicated with an ozone inlet at the upper end of a dissolved ozone column; a water outlet pipe
at a side wall of the bottom of the dissolved ozone column is communicated with an inlet end of a
peristaltic pump; an outlet end of the peristaltic pump is communicated with an ozone inlet of a mixer;
raw water flows into the mixer from a mixer raw water inlet of the mixer; hydrogen peroxide stock
liquid is injected into the mixer from a hydrogen peroxide inlet on the mixer by the peristaltic pump;
and the outlet of the mixer is communicated with the side wall of a reactor shell positioned below a
microporous water distribution plate. The water treatment device can be used for the disinfection of
drinking water, micro pollutant water and source water and water treatment technology of eliminating
organic pollutio

The invention relates to a new process for extracting high-purity gardenia yellow pigment by a 1
membrane separation and purification technology. The new process comprises processes of purified
water leaching, crude separation and impurity removal, membrane separation and purification, and
membrane concentration. After purified water extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction, raw
gardenia is separated by three centrifuges with different specifications and then obtained leaching
liquor enters a membrane separation, purification and concentration system which consists of a
microfiltration membrane (MF), an ultrafiltration membrane (UF), a nano-filtration membrane (NF) and
a reverse osmosis membrane (RO), thus an OD value of the obtained gardenia yellow pigment can
be controlled below 0.4 and color number can be increased to be more than 400. The finished product
obtained by the process has no residual organic solvent and completely meets technical requirements
for exporting to developed countries, including Europe and America, etc. as well as developed areas.
The process is safe and clean in the whole production process, capable of realizing zero pollution and
zero emission, has high environmental protection performance, and has advantages of greatly
reducing energy consumption and lowering production cost due to the membrane concentration
technology. The process further has advantages of simple process, stable product quality, high purity,
et

The invention provides an ultraviolet disinfection system used for treating water biological pollution,
which is characterized by consists of ultraviolet disinfection equipment, and a bearing device and a
dragging device of the ultraviolet disinfection equipment. During use, the bearing device is dragged by
the dragging device so as to drive the ultraviolet disinfection system to walk in the waterto implement
disinfection for the whole water. The ultraviolet water disinfection system of the technical scheme of
the invention can be widely applied to algae control or other microbial disinfection for natural water
and water in other artificial lakes, reservoirs and the lik
The invention belongs to the field of ship ballast water treatment devices and particularly relates to a
low-pressure high-strength ultraviolet ship ballast water treatment device. An inflow reducing pipe is
connected with a device shell through a connecting flange, a holding plate is arranged near the inflow
reducing pipe in the device shell, the center of the holding plate is provided with a center shaft of the
holding plate and a device center shaft connected between the holding plate and a device end cover,
and low-pressure high-strength ultraviolet tubes arranged in groups are installed between the device
center shaft and the device shell. Ballast water enters the device from a device water inlet arranged at
the front end of the inflow reducing pipe, sterilized by ultraviolet rays and then discharged from a
water outlet arranged at the bottom of the device shell. The device has high automation degree,
compact structure, stable work, high sterilization efficiency and good effect in the application to ballast
water sterilizatio

A water purifier comprises a water inlet, a water outlet and a filter layer, wherein the filter layer 1
comprises a rough filter layer, a carbon layer filter layer and a membrane filter layer from top to
bottom, the rough filter layer contains porous plates and filter fiber, the carbon layer filter layer
contains activated carbon, porous plates and microporous filter fiber, the membrane filter
layercontains superfine filtration membrane, the filter fiber is prepared from non-woven cloth and is
multilayer, the carbon layer filter layer contains activated carbon powder with small size, and the
membrane pore size of the superfine filtration membrane is 1.2-3.2nm. The rough filter layer is used
to remove solid impurities and rust in tap water; the carbon layer filter layer is used to remove harmful
substances such as trihalomethane and the like in tap water sterilized by chlorine, lead dissolved in
tap water and bad smell such as the small of bleaching powder and the like; the membrane filter layer
is used to remove the residual solid particles, suspension impurities and bacteria such as colibacillus
and the like. The water purifier has simple structure and can be used directly on the water tap of tap
water so that the operation is convenien

The invention discloses a filtration medium for removing endocrine disturbing matters in drinking 1
water and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the filtration medium comprises
thefollowing steps: (a) evenly mixing 100-300 parts by weight of ultra-high molecular weight
polyethylene powder, 100-200 parts by weight of active carbon powder, 100-200 parts by weight of
organic clayand 10-100 parts by weight of gas generation agent; and (b) pressing, sintering, cooling
and demoulding the mixture obtained from the step (a) in a mould. In addition, the invention also
provides a filter element with the filtration medium, a water purifier and a water fountain. The filtration
medium effectively removes the endocrine disturbing matters in the drinking water and has the
advantagesof convenient use and low cos

The invention relates to a photocatalysis material derived from biomass and a preparation method,
which take the resources of animals and plants (comprising the entire bodies of the animals and the
plants or parts of the animals and the plants) and microorganisms (single strains, mixed florae or raw
materials formed after adding in the processes of fermentation and culture and the like) as sources.
The preparation method adopting a temperature-change processing technique taking the processes
of drying, burning and calcining as the main body, which comprises the following concrete steps: after
preprocessing is not carried out on different raw materials or different preprocessing is carried out on
different raw materials, drying at the temperature of 50-105 DEG C into a state of constant weight;
burning in air at the temperature of 250-400 DEG C for 15-60min; and calcining at the temperature of
500-600 DEG C for 4-6h. The material prepared by the method has photocatalysis activity which is
equivalent to the enzyme activity of dehydrogenase and favorable degradation performance of
organism, and can be used for decolouring by water treatment, degrading pollutants, such as dye and
the like, and lowering the polymerization degree of high molecular substances. Part of the material
prepared by the method has higher photoelectric conversion effect and can be used for various fields
of solar batteries and the like. In addition, most of the material prepared by the source of the plants
can continuously emit fluorescent light under the excitation of ultraviolet light, can be used for the
development of fluorescent biologic marking materials and has extensive application prospec
The invention relates to an integral solar energy photoelectricity water-treatment device comprising an
electrode couple or an three-dimensional electrode as well as an electrolytic bath, a storage battery,
solar energy battery components and corresponding controllers and an ultraviolet lamp, wherein the
electrode couple or the three-dimensional electrode is loaded with photocatalytic materials; the
ultraviolet lamp is used for illuminating a photoelectrode; the solar energy battery components convert
the received solar light energy to electric energy which is then transmitted and stored in the storage
battery so as to supply power for the ultraviolet lamp and/or the electrode couple intermittently or
continuously. The invention integrates an optical chemical oxidation process and an electric chemical
oxidation process which both generate enhancement and synergetic effects for improving the water
treatment efficiency, or the functions of the optical chemical oxidation process and the electric
chemical oxidation process can be independently exerted to realize water purification; the invention
has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, safe and simple operation, easy
realization of automation and safe maintenance, driving the entire water treatment process by wholly
or partly utilizing the electric energy converted from the solar energy, solving the problem of high
dependence on energy sources in a photoelectrocatalytic water treatment process and being capable
of not depending on the traditional power grid in servic

The invention relates to a method for removing organic pollutants from water by drinking water 1
enhanced treatment, which comprises the following steps: adding an oxidizing chemical medicament
in water to be treated for reaction for 0.5 to 10 minutes and filtering the water by using a modified
granular filter medium filter bed, wherein 0.2 to 5 milligrams of chemical medicine is added into each
litter of water to be treated; and filtering a granular filter medium by using quartz sand, zeolite,
cordierite, ceramic grains and other filter beds undergoing surface modification by oxides of metals
such as iron, manganese and aluminum, wherein before filtration, the oxidizing mixed medicine at a
certain concentration is added into water to be filtered, natural organic substances and micro organic
pollutants in water can be removed effectively when the water staying in the filter bed for a certain
period flows out of the filter bed, and at the same time, the added medicament does not penetrate a
filtering layer. The method can remove natural organics in water, in particular persistent micro organic
pollutants that generally cannot be removed quickly by the oxidation by potassium permanganate,
ozone and hydrogen peroxide, at high speed with high removal rate and small residual amount, and
thus is an economic and high-efficient organic pollutant removing metho

[From equivalent CN101696070A] The invention discloses a filtering and sterilizing device, which
comprises a sterilizing chamber and a filtering chamber arranged in the sterilizing chamber. A narrow
clearance is formed between the sterilizing chamber and the filtering chamber; a partition board for
dividing the filtering chamber into two cavities is arranged in the filtering chamber, and a passage is
reserved between the partition board and the bottom of the filtering chamber so that the two cavities
of the filtering chamber form a communicating chamber; the upper end and the lower end of the
filtering chamber are connected with a water inlet pipe and a sand replacement port respectively; and
two sides of the sterilizing chamber are provided with ultraviolet lamp tubes, and the top end and the
bottom of the sterilizing chamber are provided with a water outlet and a vent nozzle respectively. The
filtering and sterilizing device has ingenious design, can filter waste water and sterilize the filtered
water, plays a better role in sterilization by forming a layer of thin water curtain between the filtering
chamber and the sterilizing chamber through the water, can effectively purify water resources and
protect the ecological environment, meanwhile has the advantages of simple structure, convenient
manufacture and low usage cost, and is favorable for popularization and usage throughout the societ
[From equivalent CN101698136A] The invention relates to a method for separating a high flux and 1
low pollution membrane with a biomimetic spiral membrane, belonging to the technical field of
membrane separation. The method aims to establish the efficient membrane separation components
by using a biomimetic principle, lighten concentration difference polarization and membrane pollution,
improve the membrane flux and reduce energy consumption. The invention is characterized in that flat
membranes and hollow fibre parallel arrangement membrane components keep the characteristics of
the biomimetic spiral membrane structure in space through the outside fixing method, the inside
support structure and shape maintaining method or the combination of the two methods, and the
distribution, the interaction and the change mode of membrane and the flow field in membrane
separation are changed. The vibration and swing of the membranes are caused by the washing and
the disturbing of the flow. The invention has the effect and advantages that under the premises that
the material consumption and the energy consumption are not increased in the membrane separating
process, mass transfer is strengthened, membrane pollution is lightened, and dynamic membrane
operating effect is favorable. The method has obvious social and economic benefits and has wide
application prospect in the fields of chemical industry separation, water treatment, medicine
separation and the lik

The invention relates to a micro-area progressive ion adsorption sea water desalinating method and a 1
portable desalinating device thereof. The desalinating device comprises a fresh water collecting
chamber and a micro-area progressive adsorption chamber. The fresh water collecting chamber is on
the upper layer and the micro-area progressive adsorption chamber is on the lower layer and a
membrane with a one-way valve separates the two from middle. The micro-area progressive
adsorption chamber is filled with capacitors which are formed by alternately coinciding a plurality
layers of cathodic films (sheet or net), insulate filter cloths and anode films (sheet or net), wherein the
lamination can be distributed vertically or horizontally but the electrodes are net-like when the
lamination is distributed horizontally. The fresh water can be collected into the fresh water collecting
chamber by pressing the device into sea water after chargin

The invention provides a combined treatment method for ship ballast water, which comprises two
steps of high gradient magnetic filtration and ultraviolet radiation treatment, wherein the step of high
gradient magnetic filtration is that a high gradient magnetic filter is connected in series with an output
port where a ballast pump adds ballast water to a ship ballast tank and the high gradient magnetic
filter is adopted to carry out high-efficiency filtration on the ship ballast water to remove planktons and
suspended particles with the size more than 50 microns; and the step of ultraviolet radiation treatment
is to adopt the ultraviolet radiation to treat the ship ballast water after the step of high gradient
magnetic filtration. The combined treatment method has the advantages of easy realization of
automation, reliable operating altitude, moderate maintenance, small occupation area, safety,
reliability, no generation of deleterious disinfection by-products, obvious effect of killing or inactivating
microorganisms in the ship ballast water, high water treatment capacity, high efficiency and speed,
and also has the advantages of meeting environment protection requirements, not being affected by
natural temperature and removing germs, virus, protozoans and the like in the ballast water in the
process that a pipeline transports the ballast wate

[From equivalent CN101700006A] The invention relates to the aquaculture water treatment field, in 1
particular to an underwater particulate matter clearing device of an aquaculture system; a screen
cylinder (5) formed by a filtering screen is arranged in a vertical-type cylindrical sedimentation pool
(17) and is axially arranged with the sedimentation pool (17); a tangential water inlet (3) and an
overflow port (10) are arranged on the pool wall at the upper part of the sedimentation pool (17), and
a drain pipe (8) is arranged at the bottom part of the sedimentation pool (17), a rotating rack (2) is
arranged on an output shaft (12) of a reduction box (1) above the sedimentation pool (17), a plurality
of lower extension rods (11) which are provided with screen clearers are arranged on the rotating rack
(2), and the screen clearer is a hairbrush (4) or a spray head (18), and a sewage drainage
mechanism is arranged below the sedimentation pool (17). The underwater particulate matter clearing
device of the aquaculture system in the invention has simple structure, convenient operation, good
filtering effect, low power and water consumption, low vibration and low nose, and can remove micro
particles easily, thereby being suitable for automation control of a computer and prolonging the
service life of the whole devic
The invention discloses ultraviolet disinfection equipment for water treatment, which comprises a
water body treating cavity and an ultraviolet lamp; the inside of the water body treating cavity is
provided with a parallel plate ultrasonic transducer which consists of two metal plates and an
ultrasonic transducer inlaid in the metal plates; the one side of one of the two metal plates is parallel
to one side of the other of the two metal plates; the other sides of the two metal plates are tightly
attached to the inner wall of the water body treating cavity; a space between the two metal platesis
provided with the ultraviolet lamp; and the bottom position of the water body treating cavity under the
ultraviolet lamp is provided with a fibre pipe micropore aerator. The ultraviolet disinfection equipment
has a simple structure, good sterilization effect and short treatment time; and after the water body is
treated by the ultraviolet disinfection equipment, the water body has persistent sterilization capacity,
can avoid secondary pollution of other sterilizing agents and also can prevent secondary pollution of
other microorganism

The invention discloses a biomimetic photocatalysis membrane separation assembly for purifying 1
water, belonging to the technical field of membrane separation, photocatalysis materials and water
treatment. The invention aims at simulating plant leaf blades and plant morphology, preparing a
photocatalysis separation membrane, enabling a membrane assembly to reasonably utilize space,
have flexible structure and to be disturbed easily by a water flow and an airflow, reducing precipitation
of pollutants on a membrane surface, fully utilizing light and improving the light use rate. The
biomimetic photocatalysis membrane separation assembly is characterized in that the biomimetic
membrane piece is prepared by utilizing the fractal characteristic of the plant leaf blade, and a
biomimetic membrane assembly is assembled by utilizing the branch structures of trees and a
biomimetic principle to assembly the bionic membrane and improve light use rate of the assembly;
and the flexible structure of the membrane assembly is beneficial to reducing pollutant precipitation by
using a disturbance effect of the water flow and the airflow so as to prevent the inactivation of a
catalyst. The invention has the advantage of providing a preparation method of the novel biomimetic
photocatalysis membrane separation assembly and a method for separating the pollutants in water by
utilizing the high-efficiency photocatalysis membrane of the membrane assembly. The invention can
be widely applied to photocatalysis to remove pollutants and purify wate

The invention relates to function material technology, in particular to an ultrafiltration membrane and a 1
preparation method thereof. The raw materials comprise polysulfone, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
polyethylene glycol, N'N-dimethyl acetamide and sodium chloride; meanwhile, sodium chloride
aqueous solution serves as core liquid packing fluid; the raw material comprises the following
components in percentage by weight: 10-25% of polysulfone, 3-10% of polyvinylpyrrolidone K 90, 1-
10% of polyethylene glycol with low degree of polymerization, 65-85% of N'N-dimethyl acetamide, 1-
10% of sodium chloride comparative test silk liquid, and 5-30% of sodium chloride core liquid; then, all
components form the ultrafiltration membrane. The invention solves the problem that the existing
ultrafiltration membrane is not suitable for home use or civil use low-cost industry as well as the
problem that common water yield is lowered because the degree of precision is increase

The invention provides an ultraviolet sterilization system for treating water biologic pollution, which
comprises ultraviolet sterilization equipment, wherein the ultraviolet sterilization equipment comprises
a sterilization cavity body and an ultraviolet radiation device arranged in the sterilization cavity body;
the sterilization cavity body comprises a water inlet and a water outlet; and the water inlet of the
sterilization cavity body is provided with a water flow propeller, wherein when in use, the propeller is
used for propelling the water flow to flow into the sterilization cavity body from the water inlet and to
flow out from the water outlet after being irradiated by the ultraviolet. The ultraviolet sterilization
system with the technical scheme can be widely used for controlling algae or sterilizing the other
microorganism in waters such as natural waters, artificial lakes and reservoir

The invention relates to the purified water industry, in particular to a barreled purified drinking water
machine. The invention discloses a sterilizing and water supplying method of the purified drinking
water machine, which comprises a water supply pipeline, an ultraviolet sterilizer for sterilizing and a
power supply derivation device for controlling derivation output. The ultraviolet sterilizer is positioned
in the water supply pipe, and an input driving circuit of the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected with the
derivation device. The invention can sterilize purified drinking water secondarily, avoid the secondary
pollution of purified water and ensure the drinking safet
The invention provides an ultraviolet/titanium dioxide (UV/TiO2) reactor for disinfecting drinking water
treated by the activated carbon, aiming at solving the problem on the biosafety of bacteria, particularly
the carbon-adsorbed bacteria in drinking water treated by activated carbon. The UV/TiO2 reactor is an
integrated UV/TiO2 reactor system which has the advantage of disinfecting by UV and the
characteristic of catalyzing by TiO2 and is optimized and integrated with the process. The UV/TiO2
reactor can effectively inactivate the free bacteria and the carbon-adsorbed bacteria in the drinking
water treated by the activated carbon, can ensure the disinfected drinking water to reach the sanitary
standard for drinking water (GB5749-2006) and can bear the water supplying load change on some
degree, thereby having wide application prospec

The invention discloses a solid phase extraction and HPLC-ultraviolet detection method of nitroaniline
pollutants in a water sample, comprising the following steps of: filtering the water sample to obtain a
pretreated water sample; activating a solid phase extraction column with methanol in advance and
then an NH4CL-NH3 buffer solution; carrying out column chromatography on the pretreated water
sample at the activated solid phase extraction column, purifying the pretreated water sample with a
water solution containing acetonitrile and ethyl acetate and washing impurities, vacuumizing and
eluting the column with a methanol solution containing acetic acid; blowing the obtained eluent to be
nearly dry, adding the water solution of ammonium acetate and fixing the volume and filtering to
obtain a test sample; and carrying out HPLC-ultraviolet detection to obtain a chromatogram map of
the test sample, regressing the peak area of the chromatogram map on a working curve and
calculating to obtain the content of the nitroaniline pollutants in the water sample. The method is
simple, is used for simultaneously detecting five target compounds by using a conventional instrument
and can be applied for separating detection of nitroaniline homologues in industrial sewag

The invention discloses a molecular sieve filter element, which is prepared by the following raw 1
materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of activated carbon powder, 15-60 parts of functional
material, 15-55 parts of polyethylene and 2-12 parts of gas generation agent, wherein the functional
material is selected from one of calcium sulfite, nano metal, medical stone, activated aluminum oxide
and alkaline Tourmaline. The molecular sieve filter element provided by the invention takes activated
carbon as base stock matched with the gas generation agent, then is prepared by adding the
functional material selected from any one of the calcium sulfite, nano metal, medical stone, activated
aluminum oxide and alkaline Tourmaline, and has the functions of residual chlorine removal heavy
metal removal, water quality mineralization, and fluorine and arsenic removal to alkalinize the water,
thus being capable of filtering water better. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the
molecular sieve filter elemen

The invention provides a combined water purifier of a water supply pipeline, which relates to a water 1
purifier of the water supply pipeline and aims to solve the problem that the current drinking water is
subjected to secondary pollution when being delivered to a user terminal through a water distribution
network and that integrated water purifying equipment cannot be widely used in the water supply
pipeline. Each supporting plate is fixedly connected with a water collecting plate and is fixedly
connected with a water distributing plate; a first variable-diameter pipe is detachably connected with a
water purifying pipe; the water purifying pipe is detachably connected with a second variable-diameter
pipe; a plurality of filtering pipes are arranged in the water purifying pipe; each filtering pipe is
detachably connected with a short pipe; the short pipe is detachably connected with a collecting head
through a ball valve; the collecting head passes through the water collecting plate and is fixedly
connected with the water collecting plate; a porous membrane supporting plate is arranged in each
filtering pipe; and each filtering pipe is filled with nano-silver carrying active carbonparticles. The
combined water purifier is used in a drinking water distributing networ
The invention discloses a silicon-zinc mesoporous material silver-carrying antibacterial agent and a 1
preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises: stirring a polyethylene glycol-
polypropylene glycol-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG)block copolymer, deionized water and an acid,
adding a silicon source and a zinc source to obtain sol-gel liquid, and sintering the sol-gel liquid to
obtain the silicon-zinc mesoporous material; adding the obtained inorganic nano mesoporous material
into deionized water or ethanol, adding solution of silver nitrate and drying the mesoporous material;
and adding the silver-carrying mesoporous material into the deionized water solution of formaldehyde
to perform a reaction, filtering the solution, and washing and drying the resulting product; or roasting
the silver-carrying mesoporous material in a protective atmosphere to prepare the silver-carrying
silicon-zinc mesoporous material antibacterial agent. The method is simple in preparation; as zinc
oxide is also an antibacterial agent, the antibacterial active body mass content of the antibacterial
agent is up to 20 percent which is far higher than that of other antibacterial agents; the antibacterial
efficiency of the antibacterial agent is far better than the products of the same kinds; and the
antibacterial agent can be widely used in the fields such as ceramics, plastics, textile, paint and water
treatmen

The invention relates to a method for removing nitrate in potable water. The method is realized 1
through the following steps that: the pretreated micro-polluted source water is contained in a feed
pond, and feed liquid enters a nanofiltration membrane filter assembly for filtration through a
peristaltic pump. Concentrated water flows back to the feed pond. Exudate of nanofiltration membrane
is collected and determined. The filtration time is three hours. A cooling water circulating system keeps
the temperature of the nanofiltration system at 20 DEG C. The working pressure is 8bar, the flow is
700l/h and the flow rate is 5.3m/s. The nanofiltration membrane technology adopted by the invention
has the irreplaceable advantages that the occupied area is small, the operation is simple, the
selective interception of ions, organic matters and the like is realized, and the prospect of application
in potable water production is wide with the reduction of the membrane production cost and the
optimization of the membrane materia

The invention provides a membrane component of an internal-pressure fiberglass braided tube 1

covering membrane, comprising a fiberglass braided tube, a covering membrane layer, a porous
water-collecting central tube, a permeable hole, a water outlet nozzle, an upper sewage nozzle, a
lower sewage nozzle and a shell. When in working, gas-water mixed liquid flows into the membrane
component from the lower sewage nozzle, enters from an inner cavity of the fiberglass braided tube
through an end head, flows out through the permeating of the fiberglass braided tube, enters the
porous water-collecting central tube through the permeable hole, and is collected by the water outlet
nozzle; finally, the mixed liquid intercepted by the membrane flows back to a bioreactor from the upper
sewage nozzle. The fiberglass braided tube covering membrane is made from silica gel and
macromolecule separation membrane materials, such as cellulose derivatives, polysulfone,
polyamide, polyimide, polyester, polyolefin, vinyl polymer, silicon-containing polymer, fluoropolymer,
chitin materials and the like. The membrane component has high mechanical strength and low cost;
as the internal-pressure operation is adopted, membrane fibers cannot be easily broken and the
operation is stable; therefore, the membrane component can be widely used for sewage treatment in
relevant field

The invention discloses a nanometer photo-catalytic converter for water treatment, comprising a tower
body, an ultraviolet ray tube is arranged in the middle of the tower body, a plurality of metal sheets
with nano particles are sheathed with the tube, the metal sheets are horizontally arranged in the tower
body, a separation ring is arranged between the metal sheets, a lamp hole is arranged in the middle
of the metal sheet, a through hole is arranged beside the lamp hole, and the through holes of the
adjacent metal sheets are staggered; the occupying area in the invention is small and the catalytic
reaction effect is goo
The invention relates to an integrated method and equipment for purifying and recycling water for
aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps that: firstly, a silt-water separator separates
large-granule solid substances such as silt, leftover bait, humic substances and the like from water;
secondly, an ammonia nitrogen adsorber removes ammonia nitrogen components in the water; thirdly,
an accurate filter filters tiny-granule solid substances; fourthly, an ultrafilter filters off colloidal
impurities, alga and microorganisms in the water; and finally, an ozone generating device or an
ultraviolet device sterilize, kill alga, degrade chloride in the water and increase the oxygen content of
the water to obtain qualified regenerated water and return to a culture pond, wherein an adsorbent in
the ammonia nitrogen adsorber can be reused after regular or irregular regeneration processing. The
equipment has the advantages of advanced design, compact arrangement, small occupied area, fast
operation, high efficiency, high flexibility, good quality of regenerated water, reusable effulent, no
secondary pollution and low operational cost. A novel economical and effective integrated method and
equipment are provided for the cyclic utilization of the water for aquacultur

The invention relates to a water treating method by discharging and atomizing water to be treated and
a discharging plasma carrying out transition luminescence to excite the activity of a plating film
titanium dioxide catalyst. The water to be treated is atomized by a multiple-nozzle metal discharging
electrode and sprayed out, is atomized under the actions of strong electric field force and surface
tension, and is distributed in a grounding treating chamber which is used as a discharging reacting
chamber in a small droplet form. When the water to be treated passes through the grounding treating
chamber, the inner wall of which is plated with a titanium dioxide film, the activity of the titanium
dioxide is excited by the transition luminescence of a discharging plasma ultraviolet area, and
contaminants in the water to be treated are removed. The water enters a water storage pool, is
delivered to the top of the water treating chamber by a water pump, and starts one new circulation.
The invention has the advantages that the water to be treated is sprayed out from the discharging
electrode, thereby increasing the action probability of the discharging plasma and the contaminants in
the water; the activity of the titanium dioxide is excited by the transition luminescence of the
discharging plasma, the method is simple, the action is effective, and the removal rate of the
contaminants can be enhanced at high efficienc

The invention discloses an ultraviolet light catalyzing and strong oxidizing treatment method of ship
ballast water, which comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, coarsely filtering seawater by a coarse
filter; (2) then finely filtering the seawater which is coarsely filtered in the step (1) through a 50 mum
filter; (3) carrying out germicidal treatment on the seawater which is finely filtered in the step (2)
through an ultraviolet light catalytic combination treater; (4) filling the seawater after undergoing the
germicidal treatment in the step (3) to a ballast tank to become ballast water; (5) after finishing filling
the ballast water, back flushing the coarse filter and the 50 mum filter by the seawater; and (6) before
discharging the ballast water, treating the ballast water by the ultraviolet light catalytic combination
treater so as to be discharged later. The method has more rapid reaction speed and can effectively kill
protozoa, algae, bacteria, spores and the like which are smaller than 50 mum, and the germicidal time
is less than 5 seconds; and the method does not use any chemicals basically, and has less adverse
impact on the ecology environmen

The invention discloses a structure of a polymer composite film, in particular to an acid-resistant 1

composite reverse osmosis film. The invention is realized by compositing a polymer desalination layer
on a porous support membrane, and arranging an acid-resistant hydrophilic polymer material layer on
the polymer desalination layer. The invention has the advantages that the desalination and the water
flux rate are no lower than those of the amide composite reverse osmosis film, the film is acid
resistant, the surface of the film is more hydrophilic and the like, and the preparation method is
simpler. The invention can be widely applied to acid solution separation place
The invention relates to a radial ultrasonic synergism light-catalyzed reaction device used for water
treatment. The main body of the device is a cylindrical stainless steel aeration basin; an aeration pipe
and a water inlet pipe are arranged at the bottom in the aeration basin; the aeration pipe is connected
with a fan arranged outside the aeration basin by a U-shape pipe; the water inlet pipe is connected
with the water pump arranged outside the aeration basin; a water discharge pipe and a water
discharge valve are arranged at the bottom of the aeration basin; the aeration basin is provided with
an aeration basin cover; an ultrasonic probe mounting hole is arranged at the center on the aeration
basin cover, and an ultrasonic probe is vertically installed in the ultrasonic probe mounting hole, so
that the ultrasound can be irradiated radially; and ultraviolet lamp sleeves are uniformly and vertically
arranged around the ultrasonic probe on the aeration basin cover. The device has the advantages
that the radial ultrasound is led into the water treatment region, thereby realizing the integrated
combination of the irradiation of the radial ultrasound and the ultraviolet; the technological parameter
can be adjusted and is easy to control, thereby being convenient for realizing the automatic operation
of the water treatment technology; and the radial ultrasound has obvious synergistic effect to the
ultraviolet catalysis and degradatio

The invention discloses a titanium dioxide precoated dynamic membrane photocatalytic water
treatment device which mainly comprises a precoated dynamic membrane photocatalytic reactor 13
and a prereactor 16. The precoated dynamic membrane photocatalytic reactor 13 is internally
provided with an ultraviolet lamp 9-1, a ceramic membrane tube 8 and a gas-distributing plate 7-1 and
connected with a suction pump 1 and an air compressor 5 at the bottom, the prereactor 16 is
internally provided with an ultraviolet lamp 9-2 and a gas-liquid distributing plate 7-2, and the
precoated dynamic membrane photocatalytic reactor 13 and the prereactor 16 are connected by a
water inlet pipe 14 and a water outlet pipe 12 to form a loop. By adding titanium dioxide precoated
dynamic membrane to a floating photocatalytic reactor for integration, the invention not only has the
advantages of great solid-liquid contact area, high reaction efficiency, simple precoated dynamic
membrane preparation, full catalyst recycle, and the like, but also can effectively lessen the pollution
of the ceramic membrane tube 8, prolong the operation period of the device, simplify the cleaning
regeneration process of the ceramic membrane tube 8 and decrease the operation cos

The invention relates to a self-cleaning ultraviolet water treatment sterilizing device, which has a self-
cleaning method that the quartz glass casing pipe of an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp is arranged in the
cylinder of the ultraviolet sterilizing device; the cylinder of the ultraviolet sterilizing device is vertically
arranged; a flywheel with a hairbrush is sleeved outside the quartz glass casing pipe; and treated
water is irradiated and sterilized when flowing between the cylinder and the quartz glass casing pipe.
The self-cleaning ultraviolet water treatment sterilizing device is characterized in that when water
enters the lower part of the cylinder, the water pushes the airbrush flywheel to rotate and move
upwards, and dirt adhered to the surface of the quartz glass casing pipe and dirt adhered to surface of
the inner wall of the cylinder are brushed off by utilizing the rotation and upward movement of the
airbrush flywheel, and the airbrush flywheel device repeatedly automatically wipes the quartz glass
casing pipe and the inner wall of the cylinder up and down by discontinuous water supply to finish the
cleaning work of the inner wall of the cylinder and the quartz glass casing pipe of the ultraviolet
sterilizing device, and thereby, the sterilizing effect of the ultraviolet sterilizing device is improve

The invention relates to the water treatment industry, in particular to the aspects of depth-type filtration 1
and purification of drinking water. The invention discloses a water purifier with a cross-flow type filter
element, comprising an engine base with interfaces of an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline and a
fine-level sealing filter element with multiple water ports, wherein the filter element is movably
connected with a filter element fastening device of the engine base, and all the water ports of the filter
element are arranged on the end faces at the same side of a shell and simultaneously and movably
butted with the interfaces of the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline to from a filter channel; pipelines
of a water inlet and a front water port of the filter element are led to both ends of a cross-flow structure
at a water inlet side of a filter layer and communicated with each other, the water inlet is connected
with a water inlet channel A, and the front water port is communicated with a front purification channel
D; and a water outlet arranged at the water outlet end of the filter layer is connected with a water
outlet channel B. The invention has the advantages of simple product structure, stable quality, high
production efficiency, strong product water treatment capacity, high grade and easy replacement of
the filter element and is beneficial to the popularization and the generalization of the purifie
The invention relates to a combined purification method of drinking water in the technical field of water 1
purification, which comprises the following steps that an embedding particle fluidized bed is
constructed; the water of a micro-polluted water source passes through the fluidized bed filled with
embedding particles and inflows from the bottom of the fluidized bed; air released from a bottom
aeration system forms a stirring force to suspend the embedding particles in the water to reach a
fluidized state; the water outlet of the fluidized bed is provided with a dosing opening; a coagulant is
mixed by a static pipeline mixer and enters a middle water tank to continue flocculation to form a
bigger flocculation body; and the flocculation body directly enters an ultrafiltration membrane
assembly for filtering after being further trapped by a self-flushing filter. By the implementation of the
method, the effluent quality of the water to be processed of the micro-polluted water source can be
safe and sanitary, the effluent turbidity is smaller than 0.12NTU, and the concentration of ammonia
nitrogen and the concentration (CODMn) of organic matter are respectively smaller than 0.5mg/L and
3.0mg/L, and thereby, the invention meets new Water Quality Standards for Urban Water Suppl

The invention relates to a hollow fibrous reverse osmosis composite membrane, which comprises 1
more than ten abreast-arranged hollow fibrous membrane tubes, wherein the outer walls of the two
ends of each hollow fibrous membrane tube are in sealing connection; the molecular weight cut-off of
the fibrous membrane tubes is 15,000 to 30,000; the inner diameter of each fibrous membrane tube is
0.8 t 1.0 mm, while wall thickness is 0.5 to 0.7 mm; and the inner hole wall of each fibrous membrane
tube is provided with a 3 to 100 nm thick active polyamide layer produced by polyreaction. As the
surface of the inner hole wall of each hollow fibrous membrane tube is connected with a functional
separation layer through interface polymerization, the hollow fibrous reverse osmosis composite
membrane has the characteristics of high contamination resistance, durable and stable flux, relatively
simpler production process and low production cost, and can be used for the desalination of sea
water, the preparation of ultra-pure water, and the treatment and the like of surface water and some
special wastewate

The invention relates to single-pipe external-compression type mechanical-circulation forced-cross 1

flow solid and liquid-separating dynamic membrane system and device. The dynamic membrane
device comprises a tubular external-compression type supporter with a large-hole diameter net, a
shell arranged at the outer side of the tubular external-compression type supporter, a plurality of
supports, a raw water inlet and a plurality of purified water outlet tubes, wherein the inner part of the
shell and the outer part of the tubular external-compression type supporter form a water inlet
chamber, andthe supports are arranged between the tubular external-compression type supporter
and the shell at intervals and are respectively sheathed with the tubular external-compression type
supporter and thetubular external-compression type supporter; the raw water inlet is connected to the
lower end of the shell and is communicated with the water inlet chamber; and the purified water outlet
tubes penetrate through the shell and are communicated with the inner cavity of the tubular external-
compression type supporter. The dynamic membrane device also comprises a cross-flow backflow
water outlet which is connected to the upper end of the shell and is communicated with the water inlet
chamber. The dynamic membrane device has the advantages of no waterpower blind angel, short
precoating time, convenient back washing, continuous working, improved membrane flux, stable
water yield and long working perio

[From equivalent CN101811026A] The invention relates to the field of water treatment, and discloses 1
a method for preparing a filter medium for removing selenium in water, which comprises the following
steps: a) mixing raw materials containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, medicinal
active carbon powder, roasted hydrotalcite powder, aluminum-wrapped zeolite particles and pore
initiator in a weight ratio of 200-400: 10-50: 50-200: 50-200: 50-200; and b) pressing, sintering and
cooling the mixture obtained in the step a). The invention also provides the filter medium prepared by
the method and a filter core, a water purifying device and a water dispenser using the filter medium.
The filter medium provided by the invention can remove the selenium from the water with the removal
rate of over 95 percent, and can obviously improve the water quality. The preparation method is
simple, and has low cost and wide application prospec
The invention provides a magnetic assist-photolysis composite water purifier, which comprises a
power wire, an ultraviolet disinfection lamp, a water container, a water outlet tube, a holed plug, a
glass duct and magnets. The ultraviolet disinfection lamp is connected with an external power supply
through the power wire, the serpentiform glass duct and the water outlet tube are fixed in the holed
plug together, the ultraviolet disinfection lamp is inserted in the hollow part of the serpentiform glass
duct, the holed plug is plugged in the cylindrical water container plated with a nano titanium dioxide
film, and the magnets are orderly fixed on the outer wall of the cylindrical water container plated with
the nano titanium dioxide film, three magnets each row and four rows in total. The invention utilizes
the comprehensive effect of ultraviolet disinfection, photocatalytic degradation and magnetic
purification in water purification to purify a water body, mildly polluted water can be quickly and
efficiently purified, and the invention has the advantages of remarkable degradation effect, no
secondary pollution and low energy and material consumption, and is applicable to water purificatio

The invention relates to a reverse osmosis membrane tube system, which comprises a plurality of 1
branched membrane tubes. Each branched membrane tube comprises a membrane shell and a
plurality of reverse osmosis membrane pieces filled in the membrane shell; and the each branched
membrane tube also comprises a raw water inlet, a fresh water outlet and a concentrated water outlet.
The reverse osmosis membrane tube system is characterized in that raw water flows in from the raw
water inlet of one of the plurality of branched membrane tubes, and the concentrated water outlets of
the plurality of branched membrane tubes are sequentially communicated in series. A hot water
reverse osmosis membrane adopted in the system can tolerate hot water; because the hot water of
between 70 and 85 DEG C can sterilize bacteria (namely pasteurization) in the aspect of bacteria
control, the hot water reverse osmosis membrane applied in a water treatment system with bacteria
control requirement such as treatment technology for bottled water and pharmaceutical water can
play a role in disinfection and sterilization; and meanwhile, the anti-mixing design during designing
avoids bringing the substances such as cleaning solution or bacteria and the like into a pipeline to
flow out along with the effluent to pollute the effluent quality, and meets the sanitation requirement of
bacteria control and the safety requirement of mixing preventio

The invention relates to a water purifier, in particular to a Yishuibao faucet-movable water purifier. The 1
Yishuibao faucet-movable water purifier is characterized by comprising an upper filter tray and a lower
filter tank which are integrated; a large number of filter holes are formed at the bottoms of the upper
filter tray and the lower filter tank; a baffle edge which can be clamped with the inner wall of a cup and
a plurality of claws are arranged on the edge of the upper filter tray; a cavity capable of
accommodating filter elements is arranged between the upper filter tray and the lower filter tank; an
upper penetration net and a lower penetration net, which are fixed on the upper filter tray and the
lower filter tank respectively, are arranged at the top and the bottom of the cavity respectively; and the
filter elements are particles made of nano materials, bio-ceramics, volcanic rocks and rare-earth
minerals. The Yishuibao faucet-movable water purifier of the invention is mainly for people who have
great purchasing power, the middle aged and old people who focus on health and fitness and the
people requiring beauty care. Only widely demanded products can have strong vitality; and only by
selling the products having the vitality, reliable profits can be obtaine

The invention provides a micro-polluted drinking water treatment method and micro-polluted drinking 1
water treatment equipment. The micro-polluted drinking water treatment method comprises a step of
filtering micro-polluted drinking water by using a negative potential PP cotton functional filter element
and a negative potential ceramic membrane. The invention also provides two pieces of micro-polluted
drinking water treatment equipment. The micro-polluted drinking water treatment method and the
micro-polluted drinking water treatment equipment have the advantages of wide application range,
high filtering precision, and capacity of providing negative potential functional drinking wate
The invention discloses an electrodeless ultraviolet sterilization device. The sterilization device
comprises a plurality of quartz casing pipes, a middle-layer fixed mount and a power supply device,
wherein the plurality of quartz casing pipes are arranged vertically side by side; the middle-layer fixed
mount is used for fixing the plurality of quartz casing pipes; the power supply device is arranged
above the middle-layer fixed mount; a plurality of electrodeless ultraviolet tubes are arranged in each
quartz casing pipe; and an electromagnetic wave emitting source which faces the inside of the quartz
casing pipes and is used for irradiating the electrodeless ultraviolet tubes to release ultraviolet rays is
arranged in the power supply device. The sterilization device is vertically arranged at the water
bottom, a structure of vertical arrangement enlarges the contact area of the sterilization device and
water flow, so that the sterilizing effect is better. The sterilization device can be used for water
treatment (including clear water treatment and sewage treatment) and can be used in air purification
and disinfection, and can kill bacteria in sewage, clear water and air effectively and improve the
quality of water sources and ai

The invention relates to a potting material for hollow fiber membrane modules, wherein the potting 1
material is a curing product of a bouble-component polyurethane adhesive. The double components
are a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is isocyanate-terminated
polyurethane prepolymer formed by reacting polyol with excessive polyisocyanates; the component B
is a component comprising active hydrogen; and the adhesive is prepared from the two components
in percentage by weight: 30 to 50 percent of the component A and 50 to 70 percent of the component
B. The potting material is suitable for potting the hollow fiber membrane modules of various polymers
and alloy materials thereof and has wide industrial practical valu

The invention discloses a preparation method of beta-iron oxide hydroxides loaded resin and
application thereof in photocatalysis, relating to the water body treatment technology. The preparation
method comprises the following steps of: adding cation exchanger resin after being processed into a
ferric trichloride solution, and dropwise adding sodium hydroxide solution into the solution to enable
the beta-iron oxide hydroxides to gradually deposit on the surface of the resin; filtering to obtain resin,
washing to neutral, and drying in the air to obtain the beta-iron oxide hydroxides loaded resin used as
a catalyst; simultaneously adding the catalyst and hydrogen peroxide into a water body containing
endocrine disrupters, turning on an ultraviolet lamp and stirring to eliminate the endocrine disrupters
in the environment synchronously and the activity of hormone thereof and purify the water. The
invention has no secondary pollution, easy separation of solid catalyst after reaction, no introduction
of new impurities, simple process flow and good application prospect in the field of deep treatment of
the water bod

The invention discloses a method for purifying rural drinking water, particularly purifying underground 1
water with high iron-manganese content and polluted by organic substances so as to provide good-
quality drinking water for residents of vast rural areas. The method comprises jet aeration, quartz
sand filtration, manganese sand filtration, cartridge filtration and nano filtration. Because a jet device
is adopted to perform aeration, and aeration equipment such as an air compressor, a blower or a
complex pipeline, an aeration head and the like is saved, the method can save the investment and
reduce the running energy consumption; the quartz sand filtration, the manganese sand filtration and
the cartridge filtration serving as pre-treatment measures of the nano filtration are used for removing
Fe2+, Mn2+, suspension and colloid which cause membrane pollution or membrane injury; the nano
filtration is used for removing harmful substances such as organic pollutants, heavy metal ions,
bacteria, virus and the like from the water, and meanwhile keeps trace elements and mineral
substances beneficial to the human body; therefore, the discharged water has stable quality, and
good-quality and healthy domestic drinking water can be obtaine

The invention discloses a method for preparing a filter medium for removing arsenic from drinking 1
water, which comprises the following steps of: a) mixing raw materials, namely ultra-high molecular
weight polyethylene powder, powdered activated carbon, ferromanganese ore powder, red mud
powder and a foaming agent in a weight ratio of 150-300:50-200:50-200:50-200:50-150; and b)
pressing the mixture obtained by the step a) in a mold, sintering and cooling. Compared with the prior
art, the prepared filter medium can efficiently remove the arsenic from the drinking water, is simple
and convenient to use and is suitable for treating drinking water at a home terminal; and detection
results show that the filter medium prepared by the method has the removal rate of 95 to 99 percent
for the arsenic in the drinking wate
The invention relates to a direct drinking water purifying method and a direct drinking water purifying 1
device. The direct drinking water purifying method comprises three-stage treatment steps, namely
active carbon adsorption, ultra-filtration film filtration and ultraviolet sterilization in turn. The direct
drinking water purifying device comprises a shell, and a water inlet and a water outlet which are
connected on the shell; and the device also comprises a first-stage carbon adsorption treatment
device, a second-stage ultra-filtration film treatment device and a third-stage ultraviolet treatment
device. The method and the device can effectively solve the problems of poor trace pollutant
removing effect, secondary pipeline pollution and the like in the conventional drinking water treatment
process through a technique with low energy consumption and low cos

[From equivalent CN101856609A] The invention relates to a titanium sponge loading TiO2
photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. The titanium sponge loading TiO2 photocatalyst is
prepared by purifying raw materials and carrying out oxidation reaction under the reaction
temperature of 75-250 DEG C and the reaction atmospheric pressure of 2-10 with porous foam metal
titanium sponge as a carrier and a titanium source. The photocatalyst has the advantages of large
specific surface area, strong adsorbability, higher photocatalytic performance both under UV lights
and in the sun, recovery and repeated recycle without photocatalytic activity declining, simple
procedure, safe operation, little equipment investment, low production cost, no secondary pollution
and the like and is particularly suitable for waste water treatmen

The invention provides a circulating water ultraviolet light treatment method. A treatment tank is
arranged, wherein the section of the treatment tank is a square, a round, an isosceles triangle, a
rectangle and the like. Medium-voltage ultrasonic light sterilizing lamps are arranged in the treatment
tank. A water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the treatment tank, while a water outlet is arranged on
the upper part of the treatment tank. The working principle of a medium-voltage ultrasonic light
treatment device for circulating aquaculture is that: water to be treated flows into the treatment tank
through the water inlet, uniformly flows by medium-voltage ultraviolet light lamp tubes from bottom to
top and then flows out from the water outlet of the treatment tank to finish the treatment process. As
the medium-voltage ultraviolet light sterilizing lamp tubes are arranged in quartz socket tubes and can
be directly impregnated in the water, the attenuation of ultraviolet light is small, treatment efficiency is
improved, electric power is saved, and the lamp tubes are conveniently replaced or the quartz socket
tubes are conveniently to clean by only one person without the assistance of any mechanical
equipmen

The invention relates to a method for automatically adjusting water level of an open channel. A
rotatable weir gate is arranged in the open channel and connected with one end of a spring; a spring
force and an acting force of water to the rotatable weir gate are balanced so as to automatically
control the water level within a set range; and a power unit is connected to the spring, or the power
unit is directly connected with the weir gate, so that the control accuracy of the water level of the open
channel is higher and the range of the water level which fluctuates with flow is smaller under the
combined action of adaptive control of the spring and the power unit. The method can be used for
water level control of a sterilizing channel in an ultraviolet sterilizing system, and can be used for
occasions that the water level need to be kept stable and the range of the water level fluctuates with
the flow is smaller in water supply treatment, sewage treatment, water conservancy open channel

[From equivalent CN101879455A] The invention relates to the preparation and application of a
bismuth oxychloride as photocatalyst, which belongs to the technical field of environmental and
chemical photocatalytic water treatment. The invention adopts bismuth trichloride as material, diluted
hydrochloric acid as hydrolytic agent and sodium carbonate as pH regulator to prepare the bismuth
oxychloride photocatalyst under the atmospheric temperature and pressure by simple steps such as
hydrolyzation, precipitation, solid-liquid separation and drying. The preparation method has the
advantages of atmospheric temperature and pressure, simple, safe and controllable technique, easy
industrialization, cheap and easily obtained materials and stable product performance. When the
bismuth oxychloride photocatalyst is used for oxidating organic matters in water in a research, a result
indicates that the bismuth oxychloride photocatalyst has high photocatalytic activity, and the bismuth
oxychloride photocatalyst has the same effect as the commercialized P25 photocatalyst under the
irradiation of sunlight and simulated sunlight, and a better photocatalytic effect than the
commercialized P25 photocatalyst under the irradiation of ultraviolet ligh
The invention relates to water treatment equipment, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a filter tank, a
water storage tank, a water outlet pipe and a pump, wherein the filter tank is connected with the water
inlet pipe, the water storage tank is connected with the water output pipe, and the filter tank and the
water storage tank are connected through a passage; the water outlet pipe is provided with the pump,
and a filter device is arranged in the filter tank; and the filter device comprises an active carbon filter
layer and a mineral substance supplementing layer. The water treatment equipment has the
advantages that: the water treatment equipment is provided with the active carbon filter layer and the
mineral substance supplementing layer, wherein the active carbon filter layer can purify impurities in
the water to be treated and remove peculiar smell, and the mineral substance supplementing layer
can displace trace mineral substances. An ultraviolet pipe arranged in the water storage tank of the
water treatment equipment disclosed by the invention has the effect on sterilization so that the purified
water is in a sterile state. The water treatment equipment disclosed by the invention has a simple
structure and low price, and is suitable for wide popularization and us

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional composite energy active material and a preparation
method thereof. The material is composed of Muyu stone, tourmaline, medical stone, germanite,
parmesan rock, igneous rock and ceramic clay. The preparation method of the multi-dimensional
composite energy active material comprises the following steps: firstly, immersing parmesan rock
powders with edible ethylic acid and then carrying out calcination, wherein the parmesan rock
powders are crushed into nanometer grains; then carrying out high-speed stir and even mixing on the
immersed parmesan rock powders and the balance of the nanometer grains of components and
forming ball grains; finally, sintering the formed ball grains for 2-4 hours at the temperature of 800-
1200 DEG C and carrying out disinfection by ultraviolet light and sterile packaging to obtain the
material. The multi-dimensional composite energy active material in the invention can be applied to
various water purification machines, water-quality filters and health cups. The drinking water treated
by the material in the invention is no pollution, is rich in multi-mineral substances, has pH value in the
range of 7.2-8.5, is microcluster water, has negative potential stability and qualifies with standards of
high-quality drinking wate

The invention relates to a circulating water culture system, in particular to a circulating water culture
system suitable for an outdoor large-area culture pond. The circulating water culture system
comprises a culture pond and a solid dirt separator, a protein separator, a biological purification tank,
an aeration tank and an ultraviolet sterilization tank sequentially connected through a water pipe,
wherein the culture pond is arranged outdoors; and the solid dirt separator, the protein separator, the
biological purification tank, the aeration tank and the ultraviolet sterilization tank are arranged indoors.
Water treated by the system can reach the culture standard, and the system has a simple structure
and is easy to be grasped by a common culturist; and moreover, an artesian manner is adopted in a
biological filter, a carbon dioxide removing tank, the ultraviolet sterilization tank and a reflow pond,
energy consumption is reduced and cost is lowere

The invention discloses a preparation method of a filter medium for removing methyl tertiary butyl 1
ether in water, comprising the following steps: a) mixing raw materials containing ultra-high molecular
weight polyethylene (PE), activated carbon, 10X-type molecular sieve powder and pore forming agent
at the following weight ratio: 220-400 parts of the ultra-high molecular weight PE, 100-120 parts of the
activated carbon, 80-120 parts of the 10X-type molecular sieve powder and 90-120 parts of the pore
forming agent; and b) pressing, sintering and cooling the mixture obtained in step a) in a die. The
invention also discloses a filter medium prepared by the preparation method, a filter element utilizing
same, a water purifying plant and a water dispenser. Compared with the prior art, the invention has
the advantages that the proposed technical scheme can remove the methyl tertiary butyl ether in
water, and the removal rate is above 96%, so that water quality is improved. The method is simple,
the raw materials for preparing filter medium have wide resources and low cos

The invention relates to an air washing and purifying aquarium air conditioner which mainly comprises 1
an air conditioner outdoor unit, a high-pressure blower, an exhaust purifying device, an air conditioner
evaporator, a water filtration device, an insulating plate and an intake cover. The air conditioner
evaporator is arranged in water, the high-pressure blower starts to remove one part of floating dust
and toxic harmful substances in air by passing through a cotton mesh and a nano sterilization mesh of
the intake cover, the air is pressed in the exhaust purifying device and passes through an active
carbon product and the cotton mesh, partial harmful substances in the air are removed by the active
carbon, the air is cut into a plurality of small airflows by the cotton mesh, the small airflows are
merged with water to fully clean and then pass through the air conditioner evaporator which absorbs
the heat of the passing airflows, the airflows are cooled and flash upwards to form splashes, and
water in the air is filtered by the water filtration device. Accordingly, air blowing indoors is clean and
fres
The invention discloses an instantaneous cleaning device of an extruder conveying system, which
comprises at least one high-pressure water cleaning device, at least one hot air drying device and at
least one ultraviolet disinfecting device, wherein the cleaning device is positioned under a conveying
belt of any conveying device of the extruder delivering system and used for cleaning the conveying
belt. The at least one high-pressure water cleaning device, the at least one hot air drying device and
the at least one ultraviolet disinfecting device are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction
of the conveying belt near the cleaning device. A jetting opening, an exhaust opening and an emitting
end of the high-pressure water cleaning device, the hot air drying device and the ultraviolet
disinfecting device have equal height and are at a distance of 100-300mm respectively from the
conveying belt of the conveying device. Any conveying device of the conveying system is configured
with the cleaning device comprising the at least one high-pressure water cleaning device, the at least
one hot air drying device and the at least one ultraviolet disinfecting devic

The invention discloses a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane technique. The production process flow 1
comprises an emulsification stage, a stirring stage, a spinning stage, a fiber finishing stage, a cutting
stage and a glue injection detection stage, wherein in the cutting stage, the aired spun fiber is cut into
required length according to the specification. The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane obtained by
the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane technique has a stable filtering effect; the operation cost per
ton of an ultrafiltration membrane system which runs with low energy consumption at the normal
temperature and is used for treating the surface water at the speed of 10 T/H is only 0.28 yuan; the
efficiency is high, the utilization rate of the stock solution is high with small waste, and the recovery
rate of a running water treatment ultrafiltration system is over 95 percent; the ultrafiltration separation
process is pure physical separation at the normal temperature, so the property of the substance
subjected to the ultrafiltration separation does not change and the secondary residue is not
generated; and ultrafiltration membrane can be prepared in products with different precisions
according to different purpose

The invention provides a method for performing hydrophilic modification on the surface of a 1
polyvinylidene fluoride micro-porous membrane. The method is characterized by comprising the
following specific steps of: cleaning a polyvinylidene fluoride micro-porous filter membrane with
deionized water, dipping the cleaned filter membrane in solution of ethanol, dipping the dipped filter
membrane in the deionized water, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride micro-porous membrane into
solution of an alkali oxidant and reacting at the temperature of between 20 and 80 DEG C for 20 to 60
minutes, wherein the alkali oxidant contains alkali and potassium permanganate serving as an
oxidant; dipping the polyvinylidene fluoride micro-porous membrane treated in the step one in solution
of an acid reducing agent to remove the alkali and the potassium permanganate serving the oxidant
on the surface, cleaning the dipped membrane with the deionized water and drying the cleaned
membrane; and dipping the polyvinylidene fluoride micro-porous membrane treated in the step two in
5 to 20 volume percent solution of glycerin, reacting at normal temperature for 5 to 20 minutes,
cleaning the membrane with the deionized water and drying the cleaned membrane. The method has
the advantages of simple and efficient process, capability of improving the hydrophility of the
polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and lasting effec

The invention provides an ultraviolet atomization high-voltage discharging and ozone-ultraviolet

combined oxidization digestion device, comprising an ultrasonic atomization reaction chamber, a high
voltage discharging reaction chamber, an ozone generator and three quartz spiral tubes internally
provided with ultraviolet lamps, which are connected with each other through a peristaltic pump, a
circulating air pump and pipelines. The method gets rid of shortcomings of the traditional analysis
method of a laboratory without consuming chemical oxidizing agents, thereby having the advantages
of convenient operation, simple and smart apparatus, simplified process and low cost, and realizing
on-line continuous oxidization digestion, and being particularly suitable for water treatment of
environmental water quality in an on-line continuous detection syste
The invention discloses a hydraulically-driven self-cleaning laminated filtering device of a micro- 1
irrigation system. The filtering device comprises a filtering cavity consisting of an upper shell and a
lower shell, wherein a filtering lamination set is arranged in the filtering cavity; the lower part of the
filtering lamination set is provided with a lamination connecting gland; a back wash ejector is sleeved
in the filtering lamination set; the upper part of the filtering lamination set is provided with a connecting
seat; the upper part of the connecting seat is hermetically connected with a water outlet; the
connecting seat is connected with a spiral disk; a back wash piston lever is axially arranged on an
axial line of a filter core chamber; the top end of the back wash piston lever is provided with a back
wash gasket, while the bottom end is connected with a back wash drainer after passing through the
lamination connecting gland; and the back wash drainer is extended out of the bottom of the lower
shell and communicated with a back wash drainage connecting pipe. According to the requirement of
micro-irrigation on water treatment, a two-stage three-dimensional filtering mode formed by the
lamination set and the spiral disk is innovatively designed and invented by researching theoretical
basis of design of micro-irrigation filtering equipment; and automatic cleaning and automatic drainage
are realized by using centrifugal sedimentation self-cleaning of the spiral disk and energy of water
fluid in a filter consisting of a hydraulically-driven piston, a back wash filter core bracket and a
drainage devic

The invention discloses water-saving reverse osmosis water purifying equipment. The equipment
comprises an activated carbon filter, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane filter, a
purified water storage barrel, an ultraviolet sterilizing device and corresponding pipelines and valves,
and is characterized in that: the front end of the activated carbon filter is provided with a water saving
device; the valves are respectively arranged at the specific positions of the outlet and the inlet of the
water saving device; a valve is arranged between a total water pipeline and a common water supply
pipeline; and an check valve is respectively arranged on a water purifying pipeline and a water
concentrating pipeline of the reverse osmosis membrane filter. By arranging the water saving device,
both raw water and concentrated water can be stored in the water saving device so as to supply water
to the common water supply pipeline and simultaneously supply water to activated carbon and the
reverse osmosis, which conveniently solves the problems of concentrated water discharge and waste
without wasting a drop of water; purified water meets use standards; and therefore, dual water supply
is realized. The water-saving reverse osmosis water purifying equipment has the characteristics of
reliable performance, simple structure, and suitability for families, staff canteens, guest houses,
restaurants, industrial and mining enterprises and the lik

The invention discloses a high-selectivity composite nanofiltration membrane and a preparation 1

method thereof. The high-selectivity composite nanofiltration membrane comprises a nonwoven layer
and a polymer porous supporting layer; and the porous supporting layer is provided with one or two
polyamide surface layers prepared by reacting polyamine and/or amine polyalcohol with chlorine
polyacyl. Compared with the prior art, by forming one or two polyamide surface layers on the porous
supporting layer through an interfacial polymerization method, the nanofiltration membrane has
increased thickness of a surface layer, has more smooth, hydrolysis-resistant, oxidation-resistant and
scratch-resistant surface, and improves pollution resistance; and the surface of the membrane can
carry negative or positive charges, so that the composite nanofiltration membrane has a high-
selectively functional desalting layer; besides, the method for preparing the composite nanofiltration
membrane is simple to operate, high water flux and desalination rate are ensured under low pressure,
and the service life of the membrane component is prolonge

The invention discloses a water treatment device for combining low-temperature plasma and air
oxidation. The device comprises a reaction vessel, an oxidation device and a discharging device,
wherein the oxidation device is arranged at the bottom of the reaction vessel and used for forming
bubbles in the reaction vessel and improving the mass transfer of oxygen and water; the discharging
device comprises an electrode and a power supply which are arranged in the reaction vessel; and the
electrode is used for generating free radicals, ozone and UV-light by discharging to initiate oxygen
participated chain reaction in water. In the invention, air is blown in wastewater by the oxidation
device, and the tiny bubbles are formed in the aqueous solution, and the mass transfer between the
oxygen and the water is realized in the movement process of the bubbles. The invention strengthens
the oxidation reaction with pollutants in water under the action of the plasma, degrades the pollutants
in the water and achieves the aim of purificatio
The invention discloses a carbon nano tube array-based nanofiltration membrane device and a 1
preparation method thereof. The nanofiltration membrane device consists of carbon nano tube arrays
and polymers which are orderly arranged. The polymers are uniformly deposited in gaps among the
carbon nano tube arrays; and the inner bores of carbon nano tubes are used as fluid transport
channels. The nanofiltration membrane device is characterized in that: the nanofiltration membrane
device uses the inner bores of the carbon nano tubes as the fluid transport channels. Compared with
the conventional nanofiltration membrane device, the carbon nano tube array-based nanofiltration
membrane device has a higher fluid transport rate and better selective transport performance
because of the superfine apertures and atomic-level smooth surfaces of the carbon nano tubes. The
nanofiltration membrane device is mainly used for sea water desalination, drinking water deep
purification, industrial wastewater treatment, food and medicament industry, gas separation, biological
cell wall simulation and the lik

The invention belongs to the technical field of drinking water safety, and in particular relates to a drop 1
biological aerated filter suitable for the biological pretreatment of micro-polluted source water in rural
areas. After entering the filter, raw water is filtered by a third-level transverse flow gravel filter bed and
degraded by organisms attached to the surface of gravel, so that part of particulate matters, ammonia
nitrogen and small molecular organic matters are removed from the raw water and the pollution load
of a subsequent drinking water treatment process is reduced. The biological filter performs
oxygenated aeration in a drop mode according to the actual conditions of underdeveloped economy
and low management level in the rural areas; the biological filter consists of the third-level transverse
flow gravel filter bed, is filled with readily available gravel or cobbles in the rural areas, can adjust
hydraulic retention time through a stop log gate at the tail end of the gravel bed, can be flexibly
suitable for the water quality of different rural areas and operates; and the invention can be used as a
pretreatment process of the conventional drinking water treatment process or an ultrafiltration
membrane treatment proces

The invention discloses field emergency water treatment equipment. The equipment mainly comprises
a pre-treater and a drinking water treater, wherein the pre-treater is connected with a suction pipe
capable of being put in a water source through a water pump; the rear of the pre-treater is connected
to the drinking water treater through a pipeline and at least one drinking water pipe from which clean
water can flow out is connected; a filter net capable of filtering to remove visible particles is arranged
in the pre-treater; a strainer mainly made of at least one material of a metal net, a non-woven fabric, a
plastic and asbestos and capable of filtering big particles is arranged on the head of the suction pipe;
and the rear of the pre-treater is connected with the drinking water treater consisting of at least one
filtration work chamber, one ultrafiltration work chamber and one ultraviolet sterilization work chamber.
The equipment has the characteristics of convenient carrying, simple and convenient filtration,
optional moving, no limitation for using environment, realization of filtering function by automatically
controlling water pressure without requirements on power supply and water pressure, and the lik

The invention provides an efficient ship ballast water treating system which is mainly used for treating
marine organisms in the ballast water of large ships, specifically ocean vessels to remove the effect
and damage to the different ocean environments and organisms, belonging to the technical field of
environmental protection. The system mainly comprises: a sea water pump, a filter and an ultraviolet
sterilizer, etc, wherein the filter utilizes a rotational flow separator to separate the marine organisms,
the algae, the planktont and the suspended particle in the sea water through gravity and centrifugal
force. The ultraviolet sterilizer can kill the microorganisms (such as bacteria, virus etc) in the water;
the discharged water can reach the D-2 discharging standard requirement of the International Ship
Ballast Water and Sediment Control and Management Convention. The system has a high removing
effect to the marine organisms, the bacterial and the virus in the ballast water; the system does not
generate daily substances and dose not have the secondary pollution to the ocea
The invention discloses a grid type membrane module with a glass fiber braided tube, which consists 1
of a coated or cured glass fiber braided tube, water collecting pipes at two ends, a water collecting
pipe in the middle, a membrane pipe hoop and a water collecting vertical pipe. The grid type
membrane module is characterized in that: the coated or cured glass fiber braided tube is braided by
using a glass fiber yarn material, a surface curing material is silica gel, and a surface coating material
is a polymer organic material; and the coated or cured glass fiber braided tube is correspondingly
fixed on a small water collecting terminal of the water collecting pipe through the membrane pipe
hoop or binding, and can be mounted and replaced by using a single filament. The grid type
membrane module with the glass fiber braided tube is manufactured by connecting one or more
membrane fragments; membrane module sludge cannot be silt up between the membrane modules
and between membrane yarns; and the grid type membrane module has the advantages of large
membrane flux, corrosion-resistant material, reasonable structure, high mechanical strength, easy
mounting, simple replacement, and low manufacturing cost and running cos

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hollow polyester fiber microporous membrane, 1
which belongs to the technical field of membrane separation. The preparation method comprises the
following steps of: mixing a polyester and a diluent to form mixed liquid; performing melt blending,
standing and degassing to obtain a membrane-making liquid melt; extruding the diluent serving as
core liquid and the membrane-making liquid melt by using a spinning jet to prepare a hollow fiber
liquid membrane; after the liquid membrane passes through an air gap, solidifying the liquid
membrane in a cold bath, and performing hollow molding to prepare a hollow fiber membrane
precursor; soaking the hollow fiber membrane precursor into an extractant and drying to prepare the
hollow polyester fiber microporous membrane. In the hollow polyester fiber microporous membrane,
the porosity is 45 to 80 percent and the average aperture is 0.05 to 5.0 mu m. The hollow polyester
fiber microporous membrane has the characteristics of simple preparation process, easily-controlled
membrane structure, high flux and porosity, high mechanical strength and the like, and is a high-
performance and low-cost filtering membrane material for water treatmen

The invention discloses an energy-saving multitube photochemical excitation/oxidation water

advanced treatment device. The device comprises an oil-free air compressor, a twin-tower molecular
sieve drier and a main reactor, wherein the air outlet of the oil-free air compressor is connected with
the air inlet of the twin-tower molecular sieve drier; the air outlet of the twin-tower molecular sieve
drier is communicated with the air inlet of the main reactor through an air inlet main pipe; the dried air
is divided into a plurality of ways and enters quartz glass sleeves in the main reactor via the air inlet of
the main reactor; under the radiation of ultraviolet light, the air is led out of the quartz sleeves after
generating a micro-ozone concentration and collected into a delivery main pipe, and enters a
microporous titanium aerator from the micro-ozone air introduction port; the air is uniformly mixed with
the inlet water by using the microporous titanium aerator to oxidize organic pollutants in water; and
the generated exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust emission port. In the invention, ultraviolet
radiation is utilized to generate micro-ozone, thereby saving special ozone generators and also saving
disposable investment and operating cost. By using the multitube design, the invention breaks
through the limitations of the previous monotube design to the water treatment quantity of the device,
realizes superposed strength and repeated use, and increases the utilization ratio of ultraviolet ligh

The invention relates to an ultrafiltration membrane tank with a V-shaped drainage tank, belonging to 1
the ultrafiltration membrane tank and solving the problems that a large quantity of foams float on the
liquid level of the traditional ultrafiltration membrane tank and can not be removed, and water enters
from side direction, therefore the fracture of membrane wires is caused, and the quality of effluent is
seriously worsened. The ultrafiltration membrane tank comprises a V-shaped drainage tank, wherein
the cross section of the V-shaped drainage tank is in a V shape, the V-shaped drainage tank is
arranged on one side wall inside the ultrafiltration membrane tank body and arranged in parallel to the
length direction of an ultrafiltration membrane assembly, the bottom of the V-shaped drainage tank is
in a sawtooth shape along the length direction and is communicated with the ultrafiltration membrane
tank, a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane tank body, a water
outlet of the water inlet pipe is downward, and the length direction of the water inlet pipe is arranged
in consistent with the length direction of the ultrafiltration membrane tank body. According to the
ultrafiltration membrane tank, the surface sweep washing is carried out by adopting the V-shaped
drainage tank, surface pollutants of the ultrafiltration membrane tank body can be collected, the
emptying period of the ultrafiltration membrane body is prolonged, and the water yield is improved by
above 20 percen
The invention relates to a high-flux polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) five-hole fiber ultrafiltration 1
membrane for water treatment and a preparation method thereof. The high-flux PVDF five-hole fiber
ultrafiltration membrane comprises a membrane material PVDF and modifiers in a weight ratio of (7 to
8)to(3 to 2), wherein the modifiers comprise polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and thermoplastic
polyurethane (TPU) in a mass ratio of (4 to 5)to(6 to 5). The preparation method comprises the
following steps: dissolving the three materials in a solvent according to the mass ratio; stirring the
solution at 80 DEG C for 12 hr for sufficient dissolution; defoamting for 24 hr and then spinning by a
spinning device; and soaking the spun membrane in running water for 48 hr, thus the membrane is
formed after the solvent is completely dissolved out. The ultrafiltration membrane has the advantages
of high flux, high interception rate, high mechanical strength, obvious treatment effect on sewage and
wastewater and simple preparation method, and is suitable for industrial productio

The invention relates to water treatment method and device, in particular to solar water treatment
method and device which have photo-thermal combined action. The solar water treatment method
comprises the following steps of: draining pretreated polluted water into a solar heat-collecting device,
wherein the polluted water absorbs heat, and the temperature is maintained more than 50 DEG C;
enabling the heated polluted water to flow into a solar photoreactor to receive the irradiation of
ultraviolet light so that pollutants contained in the polluted water are inactivated or decomposed; and
enabling water subjected to optical processing to enter a next water treatment process or be directly
utilized. The solar water treatment device comprises the solar heat-collecting device, the solar
photoreactor and essential accessories, wherein the solar heat-collecting device is connected with the
solar photoreactor through a connecting pipe; and the polluted water to be treated flows into the inlet
of the solar heat-collecting device, passes the solar heat-collecting device and the solar photoreactor
and then flows out of the outlet of the solar photoreactor. The invention can enhance the purification
degree and the water treatment efficiency of the polluted water by sufficiently utilizing the photo-
thermal combined action of solar wider waveband

The invention discloses a method and a device for removing arsenic and fluorine from water by using 1
a flocculant and nano filter membrane combined system, which belongs to the field of water treatment
by removing harmful anions from water with a membrane system. The device for removing arsenic
and fluorine from water by using the flocculant and nano filter membrane combined system is formed
by connecting a raw water flocculation water tank, a primary plate cross flow type nano filter
membrane component, a secondary relled nano filter membrane component. In the device, calcium
oxide is used as the flocculant, raw water containing suspended matters such as calcium hydroxide
colloid, calcium arsenate and calcium fluoride passes through a plate membrane horizontally and the
suspended matters are unlikely to settle onto the surface of the membrane; the secondary membrane
component designed with a relled structure deepens a water quality conditioning effect; the part of
raw water, which remains above the two nano filter membranes, is called concentrated water and
returns to a raw material tank from a return pipe to react with arsenic and fluorine in raw water to form
complexes; and the molecular diameter of the calcium arsenate and calcium fluoride, which are
formed by the complexation of the flocculant and arsenic and fluorine elements, is far greater than the
average aperture of the nano filter membrane layer, so the removal rate of arsenic and fluorine
reaches over 90 percen

The invention discloses a reverse osmosis well, which belongs to the field of water treatment and 1
seawater desalination. The reverse osmosis well consists of tubular objects, wherein natural pressure
is used as a reverse osmosis power source; a reverse osmosis component is arranged at the bottom
end according to relation between flow and differential pressure ratio; a reverse osmosis membrane
component is fixed between the reverse osmosis component and the tube well by using a mechanical
member or other connection modes; leakage between the component/membrane and the wall of the
tube well is avoided; and the well has high pressure resistance. Seawater or to-be-treated water is
filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane by using natural differential pressure inside and outside
the tube well, stored in the tube well and then taken just like from a common well, namely a fresh
water/pure water intake pipe is used for conveying the fresh water into a pipeline or water holding
device, and the water holding device can be a vessel such as a bucket, pan, basin and the like. The
aim of desalinating seawater or producing pure water is fulfille
The invention relates to a raw water dispenser for removing heavy metals and resisting plugging, 1
which comprises two-stage purification units. Raw water is filtered by four filter layers, namely a
micro-filtration membrane, an adsorption material, a macromolecular adsorption membrane and an
ultra-filtration membrane; and suspension impurities and substances with peculiar color and peculiar
smell in the water can be removed, and multiple heavy metal and radioactive metal elements and
multiple bacteria and viruses in the water also can be removed so as to obtain pure drinking water in
accordance with drinking water standards. In addition, the raw water dispenser has unique back
flushing function, and can back flush the granular substances intercepted outside the filter layers so
that the filter layers are not easily plugged, the purification efficiency of the raw water dispenser can
be improved and the service life of the raw water dispenser can be prolonged. Because of piston type
pumping, the raw water dispenser can be used without a power supply, and can meet the requirement
for healthy drinking water in the absence of power, particularly under the severe environment
conditions of field survival, natural disasters and battlefield

The invention provides a water treatment machine applicable to various water sources, which
comprises sand filtration, cartridge filtration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis of subsequent water
treatment. The water treatment machine is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device which
is formed by connecting a liquid adding basin, a pipe type mixer, a flocculation pipeline, inclined pipes,
a sedimentation basin and a clear water basin in series by using water pipes, wherein the top of the
pipe type mixer is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet is arranged on the bottom of the pipe type
mixer, a plurality of fixedly arranged cross turbines are arranged in the pipe type mixer, the cross
turbines are arranged at intervals, and the angles of the cross turbines are staggered; the flocculation
pipeline comprises a plurality of vertically arranged continuous U-shaped pipes, and the diameter of
the flocculation pipeline is increased from the inlet to the outlet; and a plurality of inclined pipes placed
at 60 DEG are arranged in a cavity. The water treatment machine has the advantages of achieving the
effect that effluent can be directly drunk after well water and river water are treated and enlarging the
application range of water treatment equipment, and is applicable to domestic water of remote areas
and field group

The invention provides a micro-electrolysis water generator, which is matched with a water dispenser 1
or is used independently, and can generate drinking water which is beneficial to human bodies, such
as alkaline electrolysis water. In the micro-electrolysis water generator, the water dispenser is
convenient to clean, and the secondary pollution of the water dispenser is prevented. The micro-
electrolysis water generator comprises a smart seat component, a water inlet component, a water
outlet component, a filter element component and a floater component, wherein the water inlet cavity
is formed on the middle part of the smart seat component; the water inlet component is fixed on the
middle part at the bottom end of the smart seat component and is positioned in the water inlet cavity,
and the water inlet component is provided with a water inlet; the filter element component is
positioned below the smart seat component; the outlet of the water inlet component is communicated
with the water outlet component; the water outlet of the water outlet component is communicated with
the filter element component; the filter element component comprises a middle part through hole; a
filter element is positioned on the periphery of the middle part through hole; the water outlet
component is positioned in the middle part through hole of the filter element component; and the top
of the floater component is fixed in an inner cavity of the water outlet component, and the floater
component comprises a floater positioned below the filter element componen

The invention discloses a process method/device adopting RO (Reverse Osmosis) membrane to 1

perform water treatment. The method comprises working processes such as preprocessing, advanced
purification and sterilization, wherein the preprocessing comprises ultrafiltration and/or filtration and
microfiltration to source water; the advanced purification adopts RO treatment; and the sterilization
adopts UV (Ultra Violet) sterilization and disinfection. In the invention, various purification treatment
processes of the drinking water source are optimized, and the device/equipment which can ensure
the favorable process implement effect is correspondingly selected. Compared with the prior art, the
processes such as active carbon filtration, dual-media filtration, biofiltration, ultrafiltration and
microfiltration are combined with the RO process; the reasonable preprocessing process is selected
according to the specific circumstances through experiments, so that the processing pressure of the
RO process is reduced, the favorable purification effect is obtained, the product water after
preprocessing, RO and UV disinfection reaches the high quality or direct drinking water standard, and
the problems existing on the current drinking water in countryside are effectively solve
The invention relates to a method and device for producing safe drinking water. The method
comprises: the production process of using raw water for preparing drinking water, the conveying
process for conveying the drinking water to a terminal water dispenser, the treatment process of water
treatment equipment in the terminal water dispenser, the process of using the water treatment
equipment to control the water conveying to a water tap, and the process for providing drinking water
for users through the water tap. The production method is characterized in that before the water tap is
used for providing drinking water for the user, the water tap and the environment around the water tap
are sterilized. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the advantages
that a water outlet can be prevented for being polluted by bacteria and viruses in the air; and when a
hand of the user contacts with the water tap or control switch, the bacteria and viruses on the hand
can not adhere to the water dispenser, cross infection can not be caused and the health of the user
can be not threatened. The water outlet of the water dispenser is hidden in a sealed chamber and the
inside of the chamber is provided with an ultraviolet lamp or an ozone sterilizing system, thus the
water outlet is in a sterile stat

The invention discloses a micro flocculation, membrane filtration and air flotation integrated reaction 1
device and a method for treating low-turbidity micro-polluted water by using the same, relating to a
water treatment device and a method for treating low-turbidity micro-polluted water by using the
same. Through the invention, the problem that the concentrated solution in the reaction pools needs
to be discharged periodically in the traditional micro flocculation and immersed ultra/micro filtration
membrane processes is solved. The device comprises a micro flocculation, membrane filtration and
air flotation integrated reaction tank which consists of a mechanical micro flocculation area, a
transition area and a membrane filtration-air flotation area, wherein an ultra/micro filtration membrane
is arranged in the membrane filtration-air flotation area; and a releaser is arranged at the bottom of
the membrane filtration-air flotation area and communicated with a water storage tank through a
dissolved-air pump. The method comprises the steps: the low-turbidity micro-polluted water is
flocculated and enters the membrane filtration-air flotation area; and then an ultra-micro filtration
membrane assembly works together with the dissolved-air pump to complete the water treatment; or
the ultra-micro filtration membrane assembly works firstly and then the dissolved-air pump works to
complete the water treatment. By means of the invention, the in-situ purification of the concentrated
solution is realized and the floor area is save

The invention discloses a multifunctional high-efficiency energy-saving combined air floatation

machine. The water is jetted through a water collector from top to bottom. A lower outlet of a jet
chamber is connected with a supersonic wave inlet. By the cavitation of the supersonic wave, the
water flows into an air floatation machine. Then the water rises to diffuse the air flotation of a
combined-type fine aeration device in a release pipe upwards, and fine suspended matters in sewage
and waste water are adhered to form films. The formed films float on the water surface, and flow out
through an outlet, so that the water purification is exerted. The purified water flows into an ultraviolet
ray strong oxidation device through an outlet pipe at the lower side of the inner wall of the air
floatation machine, rises to an upper water outlet, and flows out. A light-transmitting glass plate is
arranged at the upper part in the strong oxidation device. The water in the strong oxidation device is
continuously irradiated by the combined large power ultraviolet lamp to generate strong oxidation
effect, so as to provide subsequent biological treatment with water quality easy to be degrade

The invention relates to an energy-saving multi-tube photochemical excitation oxidation water

treatment device, which comprises an air supply mechanism and a main reactor, wherein the main
reactor comprises a water accumulator, a micropore aeration element and four or more quartz glass
tubes; an ultraviolet lamp tube is arranged in each quartz glass tube; the lower part of the water
accumulator is provided with a water inlet, and the upper part of the water accumulator is provided
with a water outlet; the micropore aeration element is arranged on the lower part of the water
accumulator; and the quartz glass tubes are longitudinally arranged in the water accumulator, the
upper and the lower ends of the quartz glass tubes are provided with air inlets and air outlets
respectively, the air inlets are communicated with the air supply mechanism, and the air outlets are
communicated with the micropore aeration element. By adopting a multi-tube design, the device
breaks through the limitation of a single-tube design to the water quantity treated by the device, and
becomes possible on large-scale development; and a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes radiate the
target organic substance from all angles, so that strength superposition and repeated utilization are
realized, and the utilization rate of ultraviolet rays is improve
The invention provides a dual-membrane processing system and method for micro-polluted raw 1
water, relating to a processing system and method for drinkable water and aiming to solve problems
that the prior drinkable water processing technology cannot ensure biological safety of water quality,
can hardly control contaminants of biological origin such as bacteria, has complicated process and
causes unstable effluent quality. Most of colloids and granular materials in raw water are removed by
using a micro-filtration membrane module and micro-organic contaminants such as bacteria are
completely entrapped by using an ultra-filtration membrane module so as to realize water processing
by using two membranes. The method comprises the following steps: raw water and water processing
medicines are mixed in a mixing pool and then the mixture is added in a micro-filtration membrane
separating pond to completely react, the products of reaction are filtered by the micro-filtration
membrane module to obtain filtered water, and then the filtered water is added in the ultra-filtration
membrane separating pond to be filtered by the ultra-filtration membrane module to obtain clean
water, and the clean water is added in a clean water tank to be sterilized by a sterilant to obtain
drinkable water. The invention is used for production of drinkable water with micro-polluted surface
water as a water source and water quality safeguar

The present invention relates to water filters and methods of filtering fluids (e.g., water) to produce 1
treated water such as potable water. Specifically, water filters comprising activated carbon, fiber
composites, or combinations thereof that are operable to remove heavy metals and/or viruses from
fluids to produce potable water. The water filters may comprise at least one carbon filter comprising
activated carbon particles, and at least one fiber composite filter comprising electropositive metallic
fibers having dimensions of between 5 nm and 100 nm. The fiber composite filter may be disposed
upstream of the carbon filter, downstream of the carbon filter, or bot

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an efficient and
low power consumption ballast water treatment device. The device contains a sea chest (101), a
ballast pump (102), a salinity sensor or conductivity sensor (103), a filter (104), an equipment under
test (EUT) (105), a control unit (106), an EUT power supply (107), a water outlet (108), a ballast tank
(109), a filter sewage outlet (110), a valve (111), a tubular reverse osmosis (TRO) device (112), a flow
detection unit (113) and a pipe, wherein the inside of the filter (104) is provided with a sterilization
system; the sterilization system contains a sterilization system consisting of a solid light-emitting diode
(LED) ultraviolet lamp and/or a sterilization system combining a solid LED ultraviolet lamp with
photocatalysis; and the solid LED ultraviolet lamp is a hollow triangular prism or quadrangular prism
type ultraviolet lamp. The device of the invention has the advantages of low power consumption, high
efficiency, convenient installation and no pollutio

The invention discloses a system and a method for removing natural organic substances and odor- 1
induced substances in micro polluted water, which belong to the fields of water treatment processes
and equipment. The system comprises an aeration biological filter tower, an ultra-filtration membrane
assembly and a regulating tank, wherein the bottom of the aeration biological filter tower is connected
with the bottom of the regulating tank through a pipeline; the regulating tank is provided with two
water outlet passages, namely a direct water outlet passage of the regulating tank and a water
passage for connecting the regulating tank and the ultra-filtration membrane assembly; the water
outlet of the ultra-filtration membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of a clean water tank
through a water outlet pump. The invention also discloses the method for removing the natural
organic substances and the odor-induced substances in the micro polluted water by using the system.
The treatment process can simultaneously remove the natural organic substances and 2-methyl
isoborneol and geosmin serving as the odor-induced substances in the water, the quality of the
discharged water is good, the adding amount of a disinfectant is obviously reduced, and the
generation of disinfection byproducts is reduce
The invention discloses a method for treating micro polluted water by using a biological nitrogen 1
removal and physicochemical enhanced phosphorus removal combined process, and belongs to the
technical field of water pollution purification treatment. The inlet water enters a biological contact
oxidation tank through a lifting pump, and flexible fibers are used as a film forming filler and a rotary
fan is adopted for aeration in the tank; the outlet water overflows to a quick filter tank, the bottom of
the tank is provided with a backwashing pipeline, and the tank is periodically backwashed to avoid
blockage; the outlet water of the quick filter tank passes through a deoxidization tank from bottom to
top, so dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water is reduced, and a favorable condition is provided for
subsequent denitrification; an facultative tank realizes denitrification by adopting a camphorwood leaf
and ceramsite combined filler to remove TN; the outlet water flows into a flocculation reaction tank
and is subjected to enhanced coagulation with stirring; and soil-liquid separation is performed in a
phosphorus removal sedimentation tank, and the supernate flows through an anthracite filler device
from bottom to top and finally flows into a lake. The method ensures that the substances such as
chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, NO3--N, TN, TP, SS, Chla and the like in the outlet water
are furthest removed, and the outlet water reaches the class III water quality standard of
Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002

The invention relates to production equipment of hollow fibrous membranes, and discloses a fiber 1
coiling machine. The coiling machine is provided with an automatic cutting device; and when a coiling
wheel is full of fibers, the fibers can be cut off under the control of a computer to form a curtain full of
fibers. The fiber curtain formed after cutting off can be directly stuck with an end enclosure to form a
final product, so the production efficiency is improved. The coiling machine is provided with two coiling
wheels capable of rotating independently, and the positions of the two wheels can be exchanged after
a hydraulic device is lifted; and after one coiling wheel is full of fibers, the other coiling wheel enters a
coiling operation state at once by position exchange of the two coiling wheels, so uninterrupted coiling
is realized. The parts below the middle axles of the two coiling wheels are soaked into water in a
water tank, and the fibers wound on the coiling wheel during coiling can be repeatedly cleaned in the
water tank, so residual chemical substances in the fibers can be remove

The invention discloses a high-effect reverse osmosis/nanofiltration compound separation membrane 1

material and a preparation method thereof. The membrane material comprises a nano porous
material and an organic polymer membrane material, wherein the nano porous material is embedded
in the organic polymer membrane material. By adopting a method that the nano porous material is
self-preassembled on a supporting layer formed from ultra-filtering supporting materials, such as
polysulfone and the like, and the nano porous material is introduced into the polymer membrane layer
through a polymerization reaction, the compound separation membrane material can promote
micromolecules, such as H2O and the like to rapidly and superiorly permeate from an organic
polymer membrane layer pore and a porous nano material pore, but macromolecule hydrates, such
as inorganic salt, organic molecule and the like, can not permeate, thus the membrane permeating
capacity is improved, the chemical stability and the thermal stability of the membrane are enhanced,
and the purpose of purifying water resources is achieved. The invention is especially suitable for the
fields of seawater desalinization, bitter desalinization, life sewage purification and food or industrial
wastewater treatmen

The invention relates to the technical field of ship ballast water treatment equipment, in particular to
physical-means-based ballast water treatment equipment, which comprises a backwash filter and an
ultraviolet and ultrasonic wave combined treater. Ballast water is pumped into a water inlet of the
backwash filter by a ballast pump, is treated, and enters the combined treater for treatment; and the
combined treater comprises a shell with an annular channel, ultraviolet lamps annularly arranged in
the annular channel, and an ultrasonic transducer positioned in the center of the annular channel. The
combined treater consists of the high-power ultraviolet lamps arranged annularly and the ultrasonic
transducer positioned in the center, the ballast water which is filtered and supplied with oxygen enters
the combined treater along the tangential direction of the shell of the treater, spirally flows in the
treater, and fully contacts the treatment field consisting of the ultraviolet lamps and the ultrasonic
waves to meet the specified treatment requirement. An automatic detection and control system can
automatically adjust the output energy of the ultraviolet lamps and the ultrasonic waves according to
difference of water quality so as to achieve energy-saving optimal configuratio
The invention discloses a health and environment-friendly water dispenser, and belongs to the field of
water purification devices. The health and environment-friendly water dispenser consists of a body,
filter elements, barrels and a sterilization device, and is characterized in that: the filter elements are
positioned between an upper barrel and a lower barrel, and are upper, middle and lower filter
elements; active carbon is filled in the upper filter element, the middle filter element is a magnetized
layer and the lower filter element consists of ultrafiltration membrane clusters; the sterilization device
is positioned below the lower filter element; the sterilization device is provided with two ultraviolet
sterilization lamps in a shell, a support plate is erected between the lamps, and double sides of the
support plate are provided with reflection materials; on the shell, two sides of the ultraviolet
sterilization lamps are respectively provided with a transparent water pipe in a spiral shape; one end
of the transparent water pipe is connected with a water inlet of a water purifier to be connected with
the ultrafiltration membrane clusters, while the other end is a water outlet; and a secondary pollution
sterilization device is arranged, so the water can be directly drunk. The secondary pollution of water is
lightened, the purified water can be directly drunk, magnetization is enhanced, and the structure is
simpl

The invention provides a device for generating energy and a solvent by the reverse osmosis of 1
pressure difference between solution and the solvent. The device mainly comprises a solution
container, a solvent container, solution, the solvent and a semipermeable membrane; the solution
container and the solvent container are high enough or deep enough; the semipermeable membrane
is connected between the solution container and the solvent container; the pressure generated by the
solution filled in the solution container to ensure that the solvent in the solution enters the solvent
container through the semipermeable membrane, so that the liquid level of the solvent is higher than
that of the solution; a pressure pipeline can be arranged between the solvent container and the
solution container; a generator unit is connected at the proper position of the pressure pipeline; the
solvent enters the solution after the generator unit generates electricity; and the solvent in the solution
enters the solvent container through the semipermeable membrane, and circulates repeatedly like
that so as to generate power for human use. The device for generating energy and the solvent by
reverse osmosis generation of the pressure difference between the solution and the solvent is used
for desalinating sea water without energy; meanwhile, the device obtains the desalinated sea water
and generates electricity by using the desalinated water higher than the sea level so as to obtain a by-
product, namely electric energ

The invention discloses a glycosylated nanofiber membrane and a preparation method and 1
application thereof. The glycosyl-modified chitosan nanofiber membrane is prepared by performing
electrostatic spinning on a product obtained by reacting sugar with chitosan. The method is easier to
operate, has the advantages of high efficiency, low operating cost and the like, and is suitable for
mass production, and the process parameter is easy to control; and the prepared glycosylated
nanofiber membrane has the advantages of low operating pressure, high flux, high efficiency and the
like when applied to water treatment, can be regenerated through simple acid or alkali treatment, can
be reused for multiple times, and has high recovery rate when regenerate

The invention discloses an immersion tube type hollow fibrous membrane device which comprises a 1
shell, hollow fibrous membrane beams, an aeration disk, an ultrasonic generation device and a
membrane beam cover, wherein the hollow fibrous membrane beams are arranged in the inner cavity
of the tube body of the shell and forms the shake space of fiber membranes; the upper ends of
various membrane beams keep open and are connected with and fixed on the membrane beam
cover, and the lower ends of the membrane beams are sealed and placed in the fixing hole of the
aeration disk; one end of the shell on the membrane beam cover is provided with a water purification
port communicated with all the membrane beams; and aeration flow generated by the aeration disk,
together with the ultrasonic wave, shakes the membrane wires of the hollow fibrous membrane
beams. In the invention, by arranging the configuration of the immersion tube type hollow fibrous
membrane assembly in the tubular shell with large tube diameter, the advantages of two forms are
combined so as to achieve a better material-liquid separation effect; in addition, since the ultrasonic
generation device is added, the aeration effect and pollution-resisting capability of the membrane are
improved by the ultrasonic wave, and washing effect is also strengthened when the membrane
assembly is washed
An anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor (A/O-MBR) water treatment device and a sewage treatment
method thereof belong to the water treatment field. The invention aims to solve the technical problems
of the A/O technology that the sludge treatment cost is high and the floor area is large. In the device of
the invention, a water outlet on the lower part of an anaerobic tank is communicated with a water inlet
on the lower part of an aerobic tank, and a membrane component is arranged in the aerobic tank.
After the device of the invention is started, denitrification treatment is performed in the anaerobic tank,
the microorganisms in the anaerobic tank are used to decompose and convert the organic matter, the
membrane component is used to treat and then ultraviolet sterilization is performed. The water quality
of the effluent meets the level-one A standard. The method combines the A/O technology with the
MBR technology and utilizes membrane separation to leave activated sludge in the system, thus
greatly saving the sludge treatment cos

The invention relates to a special nano-filter plate for a filter press, which has the advantages of ultra- 1
strong dirt resistance, ultra-strong wear resistance, ultra-strong electrostatic resistance and ultra-
strong durable efficacy. The special nano-filter plate comprises a filter plate, wherein the surface layer
of the filter plate is a nano-layer. The invention has the concrete advantages that: the special nano-
filter plate has ultra-strong dirt resistance, has a smooth and exquisite surface, can not adsorb dust
and grease dirt easily, is easy to clean and enables the squeezed filter cake to automatically fall off
from the surface of the nano-filter plate, and the nano-surface of the special nano-filter plate has good
anti-dirt characteristic; the special nano-filter plate has ultra-strong wear resistance, the wear
resistance of the surface of the filter plate can be obviously improved, and extruding scratches can not
be generated easily; the special nano-filter plate has ultra-strong electrostatic resistance, can
effectively eliminate the electrostatic phenomenon, and can not adsorb dust particles easily; the
special nano-filter plate has superior acid resistance and alkali resistance and high weather
resistance; and the surface of the special nano-filter plate is water-proof, can resist grease dirt, is
simple and convenient to clean and is nearly not cleaned with water, thereby greatly saving the water
resource

The invention discloses a multi-function combined filter core and a preparation method thereof, 1
relates to a filter core for water purification, and particularly provides a multi-function combined filter
core capable of efficiently and well removing residual chlorine and harmful heavy metal ions in water
and a preparation method thereof. The multi-function combined filter core is provided with a core
layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer, wherein the core layer is an activated carbon filter core
layer, and the surface of the core layer is coated with a copper-zinc-silver alloy nano filter membrane;
the intermediate layer is an ion exchange resin layer; and the outer layer is a tourmaline-ceramic filter
layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: depositing the copper-zinc-silver alloy
nano filter membrane with a deposition thickness of 50-1000nm on an activated carbon rod with a
diameter of 10-30mm by vacuum coating; and sheathing a tourmaline-ceramic filter tube on the
activated carbon rod, and filling ion exchange resin in a gap between the tourmaline-ceramic filter
tube and the activated carbon rod to form the ion exchange resin layer, thus obtaining the multi-
function combined filter cor

The invention relates to a highly-molecular separation membrane, in particular to a high-throughput 1

polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane. In the high-throughput polyamide reverse osmosis
composite membrane, a polyamide ultra-thin functional layer is compounded on a porous supporting
membrane by interfacial polycondensation between water solutions of aromatic polyamine and
aliphatic macromolecular polyamine and a solution of aromatic poly-acyl chloride, wherein the
aromatic polyamine at least comprises one of metaphenylene diamine, 4-chloro metaphenylene
diamine, 4-nitryl metaphenylene diamine and 2,4-diaminotoluene; the aromatic poly-acyl chloride is
trimesoyl chloride, 5-isocyanate-isophthaloyl chloride or 5-chloroformloxy-isophthaloyl chloride; and
the aliphatic macromolecular polyamine is polyvinylamine. The reverse osmosis composite
membrane has the advantages of readily available raw materials, low cost, high desalination rate and
high throughput. The novel high-throughput polyamide reverse osmosis composite membrane is wide
in application and the preparation method is simpl
The invention relates to preparation of drinking water, in particular to a method for preparing drinking 1
water by using a nano-filtration membrane under a sudden water pollution accident. The method
comprises the following steps of: performing conventional pretreatment comprising filtration of a multi-
media filter or an ultra-filtration membrane device on a polluted water source; and delivering the
conventional pretreated water source to a nano-filtration membrane device through a high pressure
pump, wherein the running pressure of the high pressure pump is 1.0 to 2.0MPa, and the recovery
rate is controlled to be more than 70 percent. The method has the advantages of good treated water
quality, low stable chemical reagent consumption, small occupied land and energy conservation, is
easy to manage and maintain, basically can reach zero discharge, and has high removal rate on
harmful substances. The method can be used in water lacking regions, chemical plants, coastal areas
and the lik

The invention discloses a short-flow water purification process and a short-flow water purification 1
device using an immersed ultra-filtration membrane as a core. The process comprises the following
steps of: (mechanically) mixing raw water, (mechanically) flocculating the raw water, delivering the
flocculated water to an immersed ultra-filtration membrane assembly, and delivering the treated water
to ultraviolet equipment to produce water. The raw water is fed and discharged by using gravity in a
mixing tank and a flocculating tank, the outlet water on the upper part of the flocculating tank enters
an ultra-filtration membrane tank, and the ultra-filtration membrane filters the water by using negative
pressure formed by pumping of a water pump. A water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with
the water inlet of the ultraviolet equipment, and a water outlet pipe of the ultraviolet equipment is
connected with a water production tank. By the combined process, the problem of water pollution of a
water source in recent years can be effectively solved, further reduction of the organic substances of
ultra-filtration effluent is ensured by ultraviolet oxidative decomposition, and new standards of national
drinking water are met. Meanwhile, the combined process can avoid the problem of disinfection
byproducts caused by traditional chlorine disinfection. The process is easily popularized on a national
scale, is particularly suitable for new construction and reformation of water plants in water source
polluted regions, and is suitable for water treatment of source water polluted rural regions and small
water utilization station

Chorine-resisting subtransparent film is composed of interfacial polymerisate to compound on a 1

multihole carrier substrate material which is prepared by the water solution of an aromatic cyclization
of chloro-aromatic polyhydric amine coated on such as polysulfone multihole carrier material. The
coated carrier material then contact with organic solution of aromatic multi-carboxylic acid chloride
enough time, the interfacial polymerisate is formed on the surface of carrier material. The product of
film composition is useful for the separation process, such as desalination of salt water or sea water,
and the film could be resisted chlorine-corrosion in the wate

This invention relates to a household water-drinking device with clarifying, mineralizing and sterilizing 1
functions. It uses a compound clarifying process composed of three parts: primary filter by filtering
cotton, clarification by high-grade effective activated carbon and refine filter. The natural ores with
different sizes and numbers are selected and arranged orderly according to the water quality and the
requirement of human body in different geographical areas, to increase or decrease some constant or
micro elements in water. At its terminal, solid triiodide resin is used as a disinfectant. The water
processed by this device can be directly drunk. All its physical, chemical and biological indexes meet
the national and international standards on edible wate

The water after bath is pumped into a pre-filter with micro porous structure to obtain primarily clarified 1
water. Going through filtering adsorption by activated carbon column to remove the organic and
harmful substances dissolved in it and the treatment by ozone generator to treat causative agents and
carcinogens in it, a standard clarified bath water is obtained. Chinese medical stone ""Maifanshi"" and
mineralized powder are added in it, a mineral water is obtaine
Introduced a process for producing ore-magnetized water by pulse inter-mittently cycle magnetizing a
well cleaned water under a DC electric-magnetic field, it is mineralized in a mineralized container filled
with mineralized powder and ZnSO4KIH2SiO3. Filtering the obtained quali-fied water through a two-
step fine filtrator filled with particles, it uses high effect quartz ultraviolet lamp without any ozone to
killing bacteria, transporting the water into a bacteria-free bottle, sealing the bottle with a bacteria-free
cap. The ore-magnetized water is upgraded to the drinkable standard. The mass magnetizing rate
reaches 0.72X10 to the power -6/g. Surface tension is>72.75 Dyne/Cm. Bactericidal rate attained
99.99

The present invention refers to a method for producing water with high purity by reverse osmosis or 1
desalination of bitter salt water. The water tank connected with a PE filter through a water pump and a
water intake valve is first filled with original tap water. The PE tube within the PE filter is made of
calcined polyethylene particles with size less than 200 mesh. The original water is first filter treated
with kieselguhr (or activated carbon) before entering the PE filter from the water tank. The amount
added is not less than 1.5 kg per square meter of the total filteration area of the PE filte

This method makes use of an adsorbent ox a solute 2 and a semipermeable membrane to desalinate 1
sea water; sea water or solution (solvent+solute 1) and adsorbent or solute 2 are placed to each side
of the membrane respectively; it works with the adsorption of the adsorbent or solute 2 to absorb the
desalinated water or solvent permeated from the membrane. It is energy saving and economical, as it
works with its own energy without external energy consumptio

The water purifier is comprised of cylinder body, cover, active carbon filter chamber, sterilization 1
chamber, water inlet and outlet, in which the sterilization chamber has at least one set of silver screen
or ultra-violet lamp, the sterilization is accomplished by the sufficient contact of water and silver
surface or the irradiation of the ultra-violet lamp, the processed water can be drunk without boiling, it
is specially suitable to use in house, school or guesthous

The present invention features that after the tap water or water of other source entered the water
storage tank, it is pumped into the air pressure cylinder for pressurizing; in the pumping course, the
water is sterilized by ultraviolet ray; and then it flows into the three-treatment device where the
purification, mineralization and magnetization are proceeded to the water, the water flows from the
outlet of the three-treatment device to enter the pipe line. The three-treatment device is installed
between the filtered water tank and automatic air-pressure water supply tank or in stalled in the front
of air-pressure water supply tank and water supply pipe line. The water treated by said technology
becomes multikind beneficial elements-bearing mineralized water capable of drinking directl

The present invention discloses a method for activating mineral water and its equipment. On the basis
of the prior procedures of purification, mineralization and/or magnetization the invented method
comprises heating the prepared mineral water to 23-32 deg.C and UV sterilization treatment of the
water. The treated mineral water has a good bio-activity and its bacteria content can be greatly
reduced. Its equipment includes automatic temp. controlled heating device and UV ray sterilizing
device as well as purification device, mineralizing material and magnetic material which are required
for making mineral wate

The present invention relates to a technique for purifying, softening, activating and polarizing of water. 1
Said invention uses a combination process of electrodialysis and membrane separation to make
various microorganisms of organic and inorganic matters, impurities, bacteria and viruses produce a
series of electro-chemical reactions in electric field, and various ions can be moved through
membrane to make heteropolarity migration, and can be decomposed into gas or flocculate to
seperate out, and after filtering, the purified, softened, activated and polarized water can be obtained.
Said water respectively can be acidic, alkalic and neutral water and can be used as raw material
water for making wine, beverage, artificial synthetic mineral water, food and pharmaceutical as well as
drinking wate
The filter cartridge of a filter diaphragm separator used in water treating equipment is made up by 1
adhering surface of filter plate with organic diaphragm formed by cladding organic diaphragm onto
both faces of bearing plate made of non-woven cloth. Part of cladded diaphragm is molten to expose
its bearing plate for binding it with correspondent partial filter plat

The mineralizing hot water pot for purifying, magnetizing, mineralizing and heating drinking water is
composed of filtering-mineralizing-magnetizing unit, insulating disk, thermometer, water heater,
magnetizer, ultraviolet lamp, flowmeter, cover and pot body. Produced drinking water meets the
specifications of natural mineral wate

The disclosed method consists of fine-filtering, ultra-violet sterilizing, magnetizing, hyperfiltration and 1
bottling. The water made by said method can be drunk directly. It is hygienic and has the health care
action and is an ideal health care beverag

Ground water, pumped from underground with a depth of 50-110m, is treated in full sealed pipe line 1
through ultramicrofiltration, electric-magnetic field, evaporation, condensation, secondary electric-
magnetic field, and the treated water than is bottled. Electric field is one with electrolytic current less
than 1A, magnetic field is a toroidal one of 80-90 kG. After condensation, it must be avoided
contacting with iron and nicke

The present invention discloses a reverse osmosis filter with water inlet pipe, by-pass pipe, flow- 1
dividing guide plate, parallel filtering pipe, sink flow pipe, reverse osmosis membrane. back flush pipe,
etc. The said unit is esp suitable for desalination of sea water with nanon membrane, and it can
operate automatically. The present invention has also inserted membrane with disk clamp of memory
alloy, and this makes membrane have great pressure bearing capacity and long service lif

N/A

The present invention adopts the polyolefine compounded fiber non-woven fabric as raw material and 1
makes into filter-element through the process of infrared heating, winding on the moulding roller,
natural cooling, de-moulding and cutting into various standards of filter-element in accordance with
the demand. Said filter element features good self-sustained property, rigid supporting,
deformationless while pressurizing and no foreign matter droping. The filter fineness comes up to 1
microm. -25 micro m.. It can be used for safety filtering of pure water preparation, purifying treatment
of waste water and filtering for various kinds of lubricant, edible oil, air, drinking water purification and
medical industrie
An ultrafiltering film of SiO2 for desalination of seawater is made up of porous oxide ceramic as carrier 1
and alkoxide of silicon as raw materials through dissolving the alkoxide into mixed solution of water,
alcohol and hydrochloric acid, addition of desiccation controlling agent N, N-dimethyl formamide,
ageing in sealed container to obtain SiO2 sol, puttig carrier in the sol, high-speed rotating to form a
layer of sol film, drying and heat treatment, and features cellular structure, not cracking and uniform
aperture

The energy recovering device mainly consists of T-pipe connected to waste brine discharge port of 1
reverse osmosis assembly, water inlet non-return valve connected to the T-piep and water outlet non-
return valve with slide valve. The slide valve controls the water outlet non-return valve hydraulically,
and all the two non-return valves are connected to the driving end of complex high-pressure pump.
The said energy recovering device can decrease the driving power of desalting equipment and this
makes it possible to realize manual desalting equipmen

In the prepn. porous ceramics membrane is used as matrix, the mesoporous molecular sieve film is 1
combined on its surface. By using the surfacial chemical plating technology, a hydrophobic organic
film is prepared on the mesoporous surface of the molecular sieve. When using for water
treatment,the external layer microfiltering structure can filter away the bacteria, virus and macro
molecule, whilethe mesoporous molecular sieve film of internal layer surface can absorb and sieve
the soluble harmful matter in the water. Said composite film is easy to regenerate, it can be used in
the deep treatment of daily life used water, and also can be used in the waste water purifying
treatmen

A laser exciting oxidization process for purifying water features that ultraviolet laser is used to radiate
water into which ozone is introduced. The ultraviolet laser beam from ultraviolet laser is emitted to
splitter and full reflector arranged at the edge of water pool, and then is reflected to water pool by
reflector. At same time, ozone is passed into water pool to generate hydroxyl free radicals with high
oxidizing activity, purifying the wate

A deeper treating process for drinking water features use of complex filter material in dechlorinating
filter for dechlorination, new-type elastic filler in filter pool of new-type biologic tower fornatural
aeration, and use of biologic oxidation, ultraviolet catalytic oxidation and biologic oxidation to remove
the harmful microbes, toxic matter, odour and colour while retain useful elements to human bod

A process for preparing activated drinking water includes adding chemicals to running water, 1
mechanical filtering, adsorption by activated carbon, safe filtering by 5 microns, dividing the water
intotwo channel, raising pressure and reverse osmosis desalination in one channel, adding potassium
iodate or sodium selenate-fine filtering-micro filtering-ultrafiltering in another channel, mixing,
andsterilizing with ozone. Obtained drinking water contains trace elements I and Se without organic
substances, harmful matter and microbe, so it is a health-care drinking wate

A filter element of health-care drinking water appliances is composed of 7 filtering layers including 1
superfine fibre layer, ion exchange resin layer, activated carbon layer, hollow fibre ultra filter layer,
special mineral sand layer, magnelite layer and biochemical mineral pottery layer. There are an
upperwater tank over the 7 filtering layers and a lowerwater tank under the 7 filtering layers,in which
antioxidizing water is contained. Said antioxidizing water can remove the free radicals from human
body for elongating life and building up bod
A process for purifying high-turbility water is especially suitable for the water supply works (water 1
works), and includes such steps as pumping the high-turbility water from water source to silt
separator, separating out granular silt from water, filtering by ultra filtration membrane filter and
reverse osmosis treating to obtain high-quality water. Its purifying equipment is composed of
machineframe, water pump, silt separator, ultrafilter and reverse osmosis apparatu

Honeysuckle flower as raw material is extracted to obtain chlorogenic acid, which is then added to 1
pure water. The preparation includes the steps of extraction of honeysuckle flower, vibration filtering,
mixing, decoloring, straining, filtering, ultrafiltering, packing, etc. The product contains rich chlorogenic
acid, is cool and refreshing. Drinking the pure water regularly can resist influenza virus,
staphylococcus and hemolytic streptoccus B, inhibit dysentery bacillus and result in certain health
functio

The present invention relates to a decomposition type water-purifying equipment with self-cleaning,
fresh-keeping and disinfecting functions. It consists of decomposition water-purifying device, ozone
generator and tail gas treater, and utilizes the ozone, UV ray and optical catalyst, etc. to make
complete sterilization and disinfection, and oxidize and decompose the pollutant. Said equipment is
equipped with water inlet and outlet filtering devices respectively so as to ensure the water-purifying
effec

A process for purifying water includes such steps as prefiltering, reverse osmosing under 0.15-0.25
MPa to remove heavy metals and radioactive matter, opening the molecular bond of water by high-
frequency pulses to generate acidic water with negative H ions and alkaline water with positive H
ions, increasing nuclear energy of water molecule with energizer, and ultraviolet sterilization. Its
advantages are removing harmful, toxic and odour pollutants, keeping useful substances and trace
elements, energizing water, and high solubility and penetrability of wate

A processing method for natural clean drinking water includes the following steps: the raw water 1
undergoes the process of ozone sterilization, microfiltration, and carbon filtration, then it is divided into
two streams, one of which is fed into ultra-filtration section and another stream undergoes the process
of inverse penetration, and both filtereed streams are mixed and blended, then it is sterilized by
means of ozonization so as to obtain the invented clean water in which the harmful and toxic
substances, carcinogenic microorganism, abnormal odour and cloudy colour, etc. are purified and
removed, and the functional elements beneficial to the health of human body are retaine

[From equivalent CN1461735A] A domestic photocatalytic water purifier of supplying the drinking
water is composed of flowing speed controller, primary processing unit, photocatalytic unit and water
tank. Said photolytic unit consists of ultraviolet light source and its protecting glass tube, ordinary
glass tube with photocatalyst film on its inner surface, jacket, top and bottom cavers, water inlet and
outlet tubes, dirt discharging tube, and supporting fram

The present invention discloses a method for preparing nanofiltration membrane by using sulfonated 1
polyether sulphone as raw material and adopting phase conversion method. The utilization of said
method can conveniently prepare a series of charged nanofiltration membranes. Under the condition
of lower pressure of 0.3-0.7 MPa said nanofiltration membrane possesses good separation efficiency
for fluorescent whitening agent whose molecular weight is 300-1000, and possesses good desalting
power for inorganic salts of 0.2-3g/INaCl and Na2SO4, etc., and its trapping rate is 40%-95% and its
water flux is 13-150 L/(sq.m.h). Said membrane possesses excellent characteristics of resisting heat,
resisting acid and alkali, resisting solvent and resisting free chlorine, can be extensively used in the
fields of treating waste water, high-temp. fluid and desalting softening treatment of water in industrial
productio
The present invention provides a manufacture method of composite reverse-osmose polyimide film 1
with excellent osmose rate and desalting rate. The water solution containing several kinds of polar
compounds, such as dipropanediol alkyl ether, etc. is made to react with organic solution containing
compound selected from multifunctional acyl halide, multifunctional sulfonyl halide and
multifunctionalisocyanic ester capable of reacting with amine so as to form polyimide fiml on porous
supporting laye

A purifying equipment for slightly polluted water consists of coagulatory settler, powdered active 1
carbon biological aeration tank, ultra-fine filter, nanometer filter and sterilizer. Through the treatment in
the coagulatory settler and powdered active carbon biological aeration tank, the water quality reaches
the requirement for ultrafine filtering and nanometer filtering treatment. Through the purification
process of the present invention, the slightly polluted water becomes water reaching the drinking
water standard. The purifying technology of the present invention is suitable for treatment of water
from source subjected to organic matter pollution, eutrophication pollution and heavy metal pollution
to produce drinking water, and has powerful pollution shock resisting cappacit

Urban four water supply system includes drinking water system and intermediate water system,
except for conventional water supply system and sewer system. Tap water is treated through initial
filtering, refiltering, inverse osmosis, UV disinfection and magnetizing to obtain drinking water. Drained
domestic water is treated through filtering, UV disinfection, aeration, and storing purification in
precipitation tank, overflow tank and chemical coagulating tank to obtain intermediate water for
mopping floor and flushing toilet. The present invention can utilize water resource and save water as
far as possibl

[From equivalent CN1769194A] The invention discloses a sea-water distillator combining high- 1
temperature electrodialysis principle and film water treatment technique. It solves the drawback that,
in the process of sea-water desalination, the energy-consumption is high and the efficiency is low with
the prior art. The sea-water distillator comprises of an admitting pipe column 1, a negative plate 2, a
positive plate 11, a bottom board 3, a reverse osmosis membrane 4, a rotor supporting jacket 5, a
stator 6, a rotor 7, a rotating jacket 8, a sealed end cap 9, an inner sleeve 10, a baffle 12, a stud 13
and a bearing 14, the upper edge of 1 being through and fixed on 3, 6 and 7 making up an
electromagnetic heater, the cave of 1 connecting with the water-passing hole of 8 by the feed-through
of baffle, 4 covering on the cylindrical surface of 8 and retaining the water-passing hole, 2 and 11
being through 3 and provided between the inner hole of 8 and the excircle of 5. Sea-water flows into 1
and enters between 5 and 8, 2 and 11 can decrease the viscosity and improve the diffusion velocity of
sea-water and increase the conductance between sea-water and 4, and it can generate centrifugal
force and provide hyperfiltration pressure for the film when 8 rotates with a high spee

The automatic cleaning type UV ray water treatment equipment includes a hollow column-shaped
cylinder body whose upper end and lower end are equipped with water inlet and water outlet
respectively, the UV_lamp is longitudinally placed in the centre of above-mentioned cylinder body, and
is sealed in the interior of quartz glass sleeve. It is characterized by that the lower portion of the
describedcylinder body is equipped with an air inlet, and is connected with an external air source, and
its upper portion is equipped with an air outlet, and a scouring body capable of up-down rolling with
water stream is placed in the cylinder body outside quartz glass sleeve. When the invented equipment
is used, the air stream produced by compressed air can be used to make the water being in the
cylinder body violently roll up-down. and the rolling water stream and the scouring body can be used
for scouring external surface of the quartz glass sleeve to remove its surface attachments so as to
attainthe goal of automatically cleaning external surface of quartz glass sleev

A valve-controlled residual pressure recovering equipment for impervious seawater desalinating 1

system is composed of hydraulic cylinder, free piston in the cylinder, and high-and low-pressure three-
way electromagnetic valves at both ends of the said cylinder. The position and operating time of the
cores of the said electromagnetic valves are controlled by computer program. The inlet of high-
pressure concentrated saline and the outlet of pressurized seawater are opened or closed
simultaneously. The inlet of raw seawater and the outlet of concentrated saline are opened or closed
at same time. Its advantages are simple structure, high reliability,and high efficiency of recovering
residual pressure (up to 70-90%
The present invention provides a method treating water and treater to eliminate harmful components,
such as particle, colloid, bacteria, virus, and most Ca and Mg ions while beneficial components being
maintained, such as inorganic irons. The present invention includes integral active carbon adsorption
and filtering, microfiltering, nanofiltering, UV disinfection and activation to perform full and complete
treatment to tap wate

The hollow fiber membrane separator includes membeane assembly, control valve, pressure gauge, 1
pump, air compressor, water tank, connecting pipes and other parts; and features that the upper
mouth ofthe membrane assembly is connected via a back washing flow meter as well as a back
washing regulating valve in one channel and a back washing automatic valve to the back washing
pump pipe and the back washing pump via its inlet valve is connected to back washing water tank
pipe in one channel and discharge valve pipe in the other channel; that the back water tank is
connected to the filtering liquid outlet valve pipe via change-over valve and filtering liquid flow meter
with the change-over valve being connected to circular water tank. The running process includes two
steps in different cleaning states. The present invention makes it possible to realize ideal membrane
separation and membrane cleanin

A process for fast purifying water includes such steps as preparing ozone by using (180-200)-nm
ultraviolet lamp to radiate air, pumping the mixture of ozone and air into water, and using (232-238)-
nm ultraviolet ray to radiate water for removing bacteria and trace organic substances from water. Its
reactor is also disclosed. Its advantage is high effec

The present invention is a high-purity water antifoulant and its special-purpose container. The 1
antifoulant consists of deoxidant less than 80 wt%, CO2 absorbent less than 60 wt%, biocide less
than 40 wt% and malfunction indicator less than 1 wt%. The micro porous filter-purpose membrane
has pore diameter smaller than 0.25 mm. The side special-purpose container is one with two one-way
valve structures capable of being opened and closed automatically. When the antifoulant container is
used, it is connected to the air breathing port of high-purity water container so as to eliminate O2,
CO2, microbes and other particles. The present invention may be used widely in various industry and
scientific research to prevent water quality from degradatio

The ozone and UV light combined water disinfection process includes the following steps: feeding the
cleaning water delivered from water supply equipment into water storage tank; making the cleaning
water delivered from the water storage lank pass through the UV reactor mouted at outlet of water
storage tank; feeding the cleaning water delivered from UV reactor into water supply pipe network;
feeding the water into water return equipment from tail end of water supply pipe network, and adding
ozone into cleaning water delivered from water return equipment and feeding the water containing
ozoneinto the water storage tank. Said invention utilizes the above-mentioned UV reactor to
decompose ozone to make pipe network water do not contain ozone. The UV reactor can be manually
or autoamticallyclosed, the water containing ozone is fed into pipe network, so as to disinfect the pipe
networ

The present invention is one kind of nano filtering film water treating machine and method with high 1
recovery rate. The nano filtering film water treating machine features that the flow rate
variablesolenoid valve on the calandria has valve core inside the valve cavity and with one heavy
valve rod in the lower end of a spring and one fine valve rod and water inlet hole in the valve cavity,
with the one heavy valve rod and the fine valve rod being matched with the outlet hole in the valve
cavity. The water treating method in the nano filtering film water treating machine features that the
flow rate in the calandria is controlled via circuit to have a great flow rate to small flow rate of 1 to 4.
The present invention has the advantage of high clear water recovering rat
In the production process, tap water as material water is treated in four parts including pre-treatment
unit, the first water purifying system, the second water purifying system and the end film filtering
treatment system to prepare electronic level super-pure water. For the treating process, the pre-
treatment unit includes sand filtering, superfiltering, active carbon adsorption and nanofiltering; the
first water purifying system consists of reverse osmosis, film deairing, electrically deionizing, selective
ion exchange resin to eliminate boron impurity and other units; the second water purifying sytem
consists of ultraviolet lamp oxidation and polishing mixed bed resin; and the end film filtering
treatment is polished reverse osmosis film treatment. The water purifying system has high efficiency,
and low cos

The present invention relates to a treatment method of water, in particular, it relates to a preset 1
microfiltration inverse penetration pretreatment method. Said invented method includes selective
mechanical filtration, pre-microfiltration and continuous microfiltration, in which the pre-microfiltration if
set between mechanical filtration and continuous filtration, and the pre-microfiltration is1-100
micrometer pore size surface microfiltration. As compared with existent CMF inverse penetration
pretreatment method its efficiency can be raised by 10 times, the utilization rate of water can be up to
above 98%, it can reduce environmental pollution due to chemical reagent, and can reduce water
treatment cos

An ozone treating equipment for water cleaning system is composed of a circulating pipeline for
delivering the water to be treated, a transparent hollow first shell with gas inlet and outlet, and
ultraviolet light source in the first shell, a suction unit on the said circulating pipeline, a second shell
with water inlet and outlet for wrapping the outside of the first one, and a water-contained region
between the first and the second shells. The water source mixed with ozone can cool the first shell
and its ozone can be decomposed and reduced by the ultraviolet ligh

The present invention is desalting method of water and especially sea water. Several membrane 1
assmblies are set in a series, permeated water from the first stage of the membrane assemblies is fed
to the second stage to obtain further permeated water. The desalting process includes: the influent
water processing step to process at least partial influent water and mix the processed water and other
part of influent water to obtain processed water with salt concentration of 65-90 of the influent water
and calcium ion concentration of 70% or lower of the influent water; and the step to feed the water
processed in the first step to the second stage of membrane assembly. The apparatus for the
processing includes at least the first and the second membrane assemblie

A process for removing trace organic substance from water by ozone/ultraviolet ray-biologic activated
carbon method features use of an ozone/ultraviolet ray unit and a biologic activated unit, and includes
introducing the water to be treated and ozone to ozone/ultraviolet ray reactor containing ultraviolet
lamp, mixing, flowing up, staying for 4-20 min to remove the convert the organic pollutant,flowing
biologic activated carbon reactor, and staying for 10-80 min to degradate and remove the organic
pollutant. Its advantage is high effec

An ozone photocatalysis-biologic activated method for deeply cleaning water features use of an
ozone photocatalytic unit and a biologic activated carbon unit, and includes introducing the water to
betreated and ozone to the ozone photocatalysis reactor containing ultraviolet lamp and
photocatalyst, mixing, staying for 1-20 min, flowing in biologic activated carbon reactor, and staying for
10-80 min to degradate and remove organic pollutant. Its advantage is high effec

The activating and sterilizing process of producing activated water includes activating molecule
structure of drinking water with pi-Pt ion generator; treating water molecule with high-efficiency
magnet in sealed pipe and high pressure environment; processing with precise ceramic balls with
nanometer level pores to result in simplest water molecule structure; neutralizing and reducing with
ozone generated by ozone generator and carbonate radical ion, which is reduced into CO2, produced
in reverse osmose course; illuminating to stimulate oxygen molecule with UV ray to produce negative
ion destroying bacteria DNA and killing bacteria. The said process can raise quality of drinking wate
The present invention provides production process and system of piped drinking water. The water
purifying treatment process includes sand filtering treatment, active carbon filtering treatment, water
softener treatment, microfilter treatment, fine filter treatment, pressurizing, filtering with nanofiltering
film and reverse osmosis film, ultraviolet ray irradiation and chlorine disinfection, andthe treated water
can reach the standard of drinking water. The production process and system of the present invention
is suitable for various kinds of water source, especially water source with high TDS and water source
with high TOC, and the purified water has proper amount of life elements maintained and high qualit

The technique and process for purifying water of micropolluted water source by utilizing free radical
produced by ultrafiltration-jet ozone-supplementing-UV secondary excitation includes the following
measures: adopting irradiation excitation disinfection pollution-reducing equipment using ultrafiltration
device with high flux membrane and series-connected wide waveband UV lamp whose central
wavelength is 253.8 nm as main functional components. It utilizes irradiation of UV lamp and
generation of ozone to attain the goal of sterilization and disinfection of the water of micropulled water
sourc

The present invention relates to water treatment method, and is especially microwave-electrodeless
UV catalytic oxidation water treating method. The method includes the following steps: the microwave
generator to generate microwave; microwave to excite illuminant in electrodeless UV light source to
generate UV light; and microwave and UV light to act synergistically for the degradation and UV light
catalytic oxidation of pollutant in industry waste water. The present invention has low power
consumption, low cost and high practicability, and may be used widel

The water dispenser with GAC-O3-UV integrated treatment is aimed at completely eliminating
micropollution in the drinking water, and is characterized by that the drying chamber, air pump,
ozonizer, GAC-sand filter water injector, water pump, water tank, porous diffuser, fluidic device, spray
header, UV254 lamp, GAC exhaust tube, GAC filtration tank, heating and refrigerating machine and
accessories are connected together and packaged in same medicine shell. Said water dispenser can
implement the disinfection process of drinking water in 20 min-30 mi

The invention is a kind of honeycomb kettle separation device of hollow fiber films. The kettle is 1
divided into three parts by two boards, there is a central pipe along the axis of the kettle, the top has a
liquid entrance, and the wall of the middle part pipe has several holes. It sets several hollow fiber films
components in the middle kettle. The cavity of the components have many U hollow fiber films, each
film component has a entrance on the shell wall, the top has a outlet connecting with the upper kettle,
the bottom has a condensed liquid outlet connecting with the lower kettle. The invention prolongs the
using life of the system and has a good effec

A process for treating sewage or water by submerged membrane bioreactor is disclosed. Said 1
bioreactor has an internal tank full of the mixed microbial liquid, multiple porous carrier in the liquid,
and a submerged filtering module with a penetrable side. Said process features that after the sewage
or water to be treated is introduced to said tank, a negative pressure is applied to said penetrable side
to force the sewage or water to flow through the filtering module and then the mixed liquid is aerated
to make said porous carriers in contact with said filtering module to reduce the dirt deposit on filtering
modul

The present invention relates to a water-treatment system combined with ozone suction device and
monitor device, in particular, it is a water treatment system containing filtering device and sterilizing
device capable of producing ozone and equipped with mercury UV lamp tube, said system includes
ozone suction device and monitor device, the ozone suction device contains main water pipe, venturi
pipe and non-return valve, and said main water pipe has a water inlet and a water outlet. The monitor
device contains a specially-designed flow meter for measuring flow rate and total flow capacity to
calculate life of filtering material and a pressure sensor for producing output signal to monitor the
switch of mercury UV lamp tub
The present invention relates to a method for preparing high-content lipid/high-molecular composite 1
membrane and technological process for preparing lipid/high-molecular composite membrane by
using said method. Said method and technological process include the following steps: using organic
solvent to respectively dissolve high-molecular and dilute lipid, mixing lipid solution and high-
molecular solution, using mechanical stirring device and ultrasonic equipment to prepare membrane
liquor, then making membrane at a certain temperature to obtain high-dispersivity high-lipid-content
composite membrane material. Said composite membrane has the high capability of enriching organic
pollutant in water and purifying water qualit

A process for preparing the composite nano-class porous ceramic membrane used for water 1
treatment features use of hydrothermal molecule self-recognizing method, that is, the pilot agent
chosen from polyethanediol and ammonium cetyltrimethyl chloride (or bromide), ethyl n-silicate,
TEOS, predeposited SiO2 colloid, SiO2 and Al2O3 are mutually reacted to form hexagonal phase-
recognizing structure. Said structure is thermally treated to remove the organic pilot agent to obtain
nano-class porous ceramic, which is then compounded with the high-molecular polymer to obtain
layered organic-inorganic composite membrane. Its advantages are high performance and low cos

The submerged method of preventing and treating algal bloom, red tide and alga includes the
following steps: setting mercury vapor quartz ultraviolet lamp into water with algal bloom, red tide and
alga in the depth of 10-100 cm; powering on the ultraviolet device repeatedly; and supplying air to the
treated area. The device includes several mercury vapor quartz ultraviolet lamps of 200-400 nm
wavelength and fixed onto light ultraviolet-resisting frame, and the lamps has been waterproof and
insulating treated. The present invention has high algicidal efficiency, wide algicidal spectrum and no
secondary pollution and can also speed the degradation of organic matter in wate

The present invention relates to a domestic water purifier using nano filtering membrane filter as main 1
filtering portion and having no need of water storage tank. It does not produce secondary pollution,
and micropore size of the nano filtering membrane filter is about 0.1-10 n

The invention is a full-auto medium-water deep-purifying and regenerated water recovering device 1
and technique, filtering the water to be processed by sand filtering tank, then filtering it by positive
pressure biochemical water film filter, then sterilizing it in ozone generator, successively pumping the
processed water by pump into aeration tank and synchronously irradiating the processed water by
ultraviolet to be aerated and then be injected in the absorbing tank for absorption, and then injecting
the absorbed water in the ultrafiltered water container; drawing and pressing the water in the
ultrafiltering water container and then injecting in the nano filtering component for ion-level filtering,
storing the produced pure water in the nano filtered water container to be used, and returning the
strong water to the ultrafiltered water container for second treatment; the washing mode: opening the
washing water inlet of the water distributor of the positive pressure biochemical film filter, and adding
in pressure water to wash hollow external pressure ultrafilter film component, and then opening
pressure sensing valve to discharge the sewage into the biochemical pond. If the device of the
invention is linked with nano-filter water purifier to purify again, the water quality can reach drinking
standar

A process for preparing the drinking water with fruit taste includes such steps as treating raw water by
sterilizing with filter, ultraviolet ray and ozone, preparing fruit-taste additive by mixing the fruit-taste
agent or plant extract with less treated raw water to obtain the flavouring aqueous solution, and
proportionally mixing them togethe
The invention is a method of enhancing operation performance of nano filtering and reverse osmosis 1
course by magnetization pretreatment. It discloses the method for prohibiting the pollution problem in
the course of nano filtering and reverse osmosis and enhancing film operation flux and retention,
during the course of nano filtering and reverse osmosis, makes magnetization pretreatment on the
water, the applied magnetic strength 100mT-500mT, the water flow speed in the magnetic field
controlled at 0.5-3m/S and the temperature controlled at 13 deg.C-40 deg.C. It enhances both the film
flux and the film retention to solute. At the same time, it will have no effect on water quality and
personal safety, and has low energy consumption and some particular advantage

The present invention relates to the field of water purification, in particular a series of macromolecular 1
nano water purification material and process for preparing the material, wherein macromolecular
material is used as bulking agent and nano material is used as filtering member for effective
processing to the heavy metals in the water, the shape of the material includes laminated, circular,
curled tubular and sheet shaped, the predominating constituent of the material being oxidization -
oxyhydrogen phase of aluminium, 30-60%, fiber glass 10-35%, cellulose 15-40%, wherein the grain
diameter of alumina - aluminium hydroxide is 15-80 nanometer, the specific surface area is 200-800
square meter per gra

A water quality cleaner having nano photo-catalytic antibiotic effect, characterized in that the cleaner 1
comprises a cabinet, a filter chamber, an optical catalyst chamber with ultraviolet lamp chamber, and
a ultraviolet lamp with a socket, the cleaner is formed by connecting each device through piping and
adapting pieces. The advantages of the invention are strong filterability, bacteria eradication, bacteria
reproduction abatement and organics degradatio

The present invention relates to water purifying scale remover, and is especially artificially water 1
purifying scale remover with tourmaline as main material. The water purifying scale remover is
prepared with tourmaline 60-75 wt% and Yiwangshi stone 25-40 wt%, and through crushing into nano
level fineness, mixing and packing. It is added into water in the amount of 1-5 % to eliminate scale.
The said minerals are sintered into pellet and set inside container for filtering water. The prepared
water purifying scale remover may be used widely in industrial and civil water treatment, especially in
boiler descalin

The invention is a water dispenser taking water from the air and purifying the water, including a
compressor, a water maker, a sterilizing UV lamp, an activated carbon purifier, etc. The refrigerating
agent is compressed by the compressor, then condensed by a condenser and enters in the water
maker for evaporating and absorbing heat, the external air and the water maker convect mandatorily
to exchange heat by a fan, the water in the air condenses outside the water maker and then flows into
a water receiving disc at the lower part of the water maker, the UV lamp above the water receiving
disc sterilizes the water in the water receiving disc, and the water sterilized is filtered by the activated
carbon purifier and flows in a hot-cold drinking water containers. One part of the condensing heat of
the refrigerating agent gas is radiated by a tube fin condenser and one part can be used to heat the
purified water in the hot drinking water container, one part of the cold quantity generated by the
evaporation of the refrigerating agent liquid is used for the water maker to make water and the other
part is used to cool the purified water in the cold drinking water container, thus the user can directly
taking hot or cold water from the hot and cold tapsrespectivel

The invention discloses a device for catalytic purifying air and water by vacuum ultraviolet light. The
device comprises a low pressure mercury lamp capable of emitting 185 nm ultraviolet and a
photocatalyst, a filter screen and a fan, a reactor also can be included. It combines the functions of
vacuum ultraviolet photolysis and photocatalyst. Thus it has a more rapid reaction velocity than that of
the sole vacuum ultraviolet photolysis or single photocatalyst, a better purification effect under the
same energy consumption. Therefore it improves the efficiency and lowers the cost. The device can
be used for purification of air and water, in particular for purification of indoor air and drinking wate
The invention discloses a method and device for purifying tap water to drinking water, wherein the
method comprises carrying out magnetic treatment to the tap water, then proceeding photo-catalytic
purification treatment to the magnetized tap water by utilizing a filtration reaction bed, finally fulfilling
higher level purification on the final filter layer through applying ultraviolet light catalyst and
photocatalyst, thus meeting the quality standard of drinkable wate

Belonging to water treatment equipment of level 2, the invention relates to helicoid membrane 1
separation equipment. The equipment is made up with water treatment tank, medicine adding
machine, filtration machine and backflush machine. Filtration machine is made up with squierrelcage,
transmission shaft, reduced reducer, dynamo, halftone and microstraining membrane. One end of
squierrelcage is set on eduction tube of tank and the other end is fixed with one end of hollow
transmission shaft. The other end of transmission shaft is connected with reduced reducer; reducer is
connected with dynamo; halftone is wrapped on squierrelcage; microstraining membrane is wrapped
on halftone; one end of eduction tube extends to squierrelcage and the other end extends out of tank.
Backflush machine is made up with escape pipe, nozzle for cleaning medium, connect pipe,
transmission pipe for cleaning medium and power supply system. Squierrelcage is rotating in the
situation of water treatment, which can make more feculence attaching on microstraining membrane
to reduce backflush times and improve efficiency. The backflush machines can backflush rotating
squierrelcage in omnibearin

A multifunctional nano composite membrane is prepared from inorganic ceramics or metal, 1

semiconductor and super-conductive nano materials mixed with polysulfones, poly(ether sulfone),
sulfonated polyethersulfone ketone, aromatic cross polyamide and polymer to form various inorganic-
organic composite materials. It is prepared from raw materials obtained easily, in a simple process,
with low cost, and can be used in seawater desalting, water treating, electronic, medical and other
industrie

The rotary tubular photocatalytic reactor includes water trough with water inlet and water outlet,
ultraviolet lamp set onto side of the water trough, rotary drum, which has bearing plates and supports
in two ends and is set inside the water trough, speed regulating motor meshed to gear on the outer
wall of the rotary drum for driving, and thin titania photocatalyst layer painted to the inner wall of the
water trough. The present invention has rotary drum as the main body of the reactor and titania
photocatalyst layer loaded onto the rotary drum, regulates the rotation speed of the rotary drum to
alter the distribution of treated waste water and photocatalyst and to increase the contact area
between the catalyst, reactant and light source, and has low power consumption, low treating cost,
mild treating condition and other advantage

The invention makes pubic a method to make polypropylene tiny hole filtering board. First, mix and 1
churn up polypropylene powder and frothing agent for low boiling point liquid at a high speed so that
the mixture temperature will goes up to 70~115íµ. Stop churning and cool the mixture. Pour chemical
frothing agent, surface active agent, froth activator, and removing model agent, which all are milled
and in paste state, into the mixture and then churn the mixture at a higher speed again. Put the
mixture in the heated model cavity. Close the model and hot press it between the fixed model board
and the movable model board of the pressing machine with force 0.5~10 MPa for 5~15 min. cool it
until the temperature is same as room temperature. Remove the model and trim the edge, get the
polypropylene tiny hole filtering board finally. Because the invention uses both chemical frothing agent
and physic frothing agent and other assistant agent, it reduces working procedure, saves production
period, cuts down the device investment and the cost. It can be used to make filtering unit for
chemical purification, water purifying, air filter, exhausting auto wasted gas, mechanic appliance and
batter

A composite polyarylthioether sulfone composite membrane for separation purpose is prepared from 1
polyarylthioether sulfone, hydrophilic polymer, additive, and solvent through proportionally dissolving
while stirring, press filtering, vacuum defoaming to obtain filming liquid, preparing hollow fibre
membrane or flat membrane, pore reserving treatment, water washing and drying. It has high
tolerence to solvent and high tem
A process for deeply cleaning drinking water by immobilized bioactive carbon includes such steps as
coagulating-depositing, filtering, ozone treating in ozone contact tower, treating by the engineering
microbes immobilized activated carbon column in reaction tower and ultraviolet disinfectin

The present invention is purified water preparing method and apparatus, and belongs to the field of 1
water processing technology. The present invention treats material water through two stages of
filtering and detoxicating, and in the detoxicating stage, detoxicating mixture of high purity Cu-Zn alloy
grain and active high-iodine and silver-carrying active carbon grain is used. The water purifying
apparatus includes one casing separated into upper and lower parts; one superfine hollow fiber
filtering barrel, one first filtering board, one detoxicating mixture layer and one second filtering board
successively arranged inside the casing; and one cover. Water is filtered in the filtering barrel and
detoxicated with the detoxicating mixture before being led out via the purified water outlet in the end
cap. The present invention has high water purifying effec

This invention relates to heterophase ions exchange film with water process function and bacterial 1
inhibition function, which can be used in electrodialysis assembly and ion tree resin matching and for
sea water and salt water desalt and to process boiler water, distilled water and purified water with
bacterial inhibition functio

The present invention relates to method and system for eliminating phycotoxin from water works and
secondary water tower. Ultrasonic radiator and ultraviolet radiator are set inside water to be treated
for ultrasonic radiation and ultraviolet radiation, the ultrasonic radiation has frequency of 20-150 KHz,
strength of 30-5000 W/sq m and time of 5-20 min, and the ultraviolet radiation adopts ultraviolet rays
in B section or C section, and has power of 0.1-20 W/sq m and time of 0.1-2 min. The said process
can eliminate phycotoxin from water in high efficiency at normal temperature and pressure without
secondary pollution while generating sterilizing and algae killing effect

The present invention discloses a kind of spectral non-contact on-line COD/DOC water quality
monitoring method and device. In the optical path, there are low pressure mercury lamp as light
source, reticule, UV filter and visible light filter, beam splitter and photomultiplier successively. Light
beam is made to pass through freely falling water flow and the UV absorbance and the visible light
absorbance of the water flow are measured so as to obtain the COD value of water through inversion
with the difference between the visible light absorbance and the UV absorbance. The present
invention realizes the true on-line COD/DOC water quality monitoring without need of water sample
pre-treatment, chemical reagent and regular cleanin

The present invention relates to a desalting system equipment for running water with high salt 1
content. Said desalting system equipment mainly includes active carbon adsorption filter tank, safety
filter, ultrafiltration component, nano filtering component, clean water tank, pure water tank,
ultrafiltration water supply pump, nano filtration water supply pump and various valves and pipeline

The present invention discloses a continuously-submerged photocatalytic membrane treatment 1

equipment capable of removing natural organics from water, beloning to the field of micropollutant
water and drinking water treatment technology. Said equipment includes the following components:
fiber bundle filter device, reactor integrated photocatalysis and submerged microporous filtration into
one body, air compressor and suction pump. Said invention also provides the concrete structure of the
above-mentioned every component, and the photocatalyst in the reactor is granular nano TiO
The present invention relates to the preparation process of nitrogen doped visible light sensitized
TiO2 photocatalyst, and photocatalytic fluid treating method and apparatus with light array fixed bed.
Through the thermal decomposition and ammonium bicarbonate to produce water and ammonia,
homogeneous hydrolysis and ammonolysis of titanium tetrachloride to produce nitrogen doped titanic
acid precursor, and low temperature treatment of the precursor in nitrogen atmosphere, visible light
sensitized nanometer nitrogen doped TiO2 film or powder may be prepared. The light array reactor
has homogeneously distributed ultraviolet lamp with loaded photocatalyst filled in the space between
the lamp and sleeve. The preparation process has the advantages of mild reaction condition, low heat
treatment temperature, etc. and the photocatalytic reactor has the advantages of continuous
operation, high efficiency, etc. The present invention may be used in water treatment, air purification,
et

A process for preparing the nano-TiO2 catalyst includes slowly dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in 1
absolute alcohol, immersing the granular activated carbon or active Al2O3 or white silica gel or
molecular sieve or zeolite in it, oscillating for 5-48 hrs, filtering, and drying or ageing. It can be used to
treat water by making it, ozone and water to be treated in contact for 1-50 mi

The invention discloses a method and apparatus for long-lasting miniaturization of water molecule, 1
wherein the apparatus comprises a RO reverse osmosis device, a storage bucket, a heating
arrangement, a first multi-way ore percussion device, a condensing unit, a second multi-way ore
percussion device, medical stones and an end product storage bucket, the original water is filtered by
a RO reverse osmosis device and loaded into a heating arrangement to produce vapor, which is
conveyed into the first multi-way ore percussion device, then is shocked into small molecular water,
then is inputted into the second multi-way ore percussion device after being cooled down by the
condensing unit, finally is activated by medical stones into long-acting micro molecular wate

The invention relates to a method of preparing pure water using metallurgic sewage which comprises 1
the following steps, (1) reclaiming sewage water, preparing recycled water, wherein the water outlet
suspended matter

The present invention relates to a method for killing midge larva by using UV light. Said invention uses
UV light whose wave length is 254nm to irradiate the water to be treated, its irradiation dose is 60-
75mJ/sq.cn, so that it can completely kill the midge larvae in the wate

The invention discloses one kind of nano water clarifier. The nanometer water clarifier includes the 1
outer covering, the lap and the filter element, the filter element supposes for tubularly, the filter
element upper extreme supposes for the hemispheroid, the filter element installs in the outer
covering, the filter element internal installation has certain energy ceramics pellets, the filter element
lower extremity and between the lap hole junction plane where equipped with the seal. Because the
nanometer water clarifier filter element and the energy ceramics pellet which includes the nanometer
granularity tourmaline, it makes the water through the water clarifier negative ionization and assumes
the weak basicity, when the nanometer level granularity tourmaline contacts water, instantaneous
causes the water negative ionization. At the same time, activates the water which richly contains the
high energy small molecular grouping water, enhanced the water penetrability, the dissolving power,
strengthening the human body in vivo metabolism ability. The nanometer purifier also enhanced the
water hardness index, which make the water rich in the human body beneficial mineral substance and
the trace elemen
The invention relates to a water purification installment with ultraviolet radiation, at least includes the
reactor, its characteristic lies in that the reactor is equipped with irridating tube and one circulation
cooling tube, the low atmospheric pressure discharge tube is in the irridating tube , one air feeder and
one trachea one end enters in the above illumination hall, leaves the trachea another end connection
and enters the reactor, which shine in the hall the mix and has the ozone air-input in the reactor of the
water purification, which revolves the illumination tube establishment to have the light catalyst piece
group. In the illumination hall has send out the purple outwire discharge tube, the discharge tube's
send out is lower than 290NM ultraviolet radiation The reactor has induction pipe and inputs the
chlorine together with water, the promotion oxidatio

The invention is the deeply purification method of one kind of running water and second supplying
water, its step is: Carries on the magnetization to the running water softens, causes to treat the
treated water supposes in its reactor box in vivo which includes the activated charcoal textile fiber and
separates in the section which does back and forth flows when completes adsorption processing,
finally through separates between the section alternate permutation ultraviolet lamp and pore aeration
which causes the treated water back and forth in the mobile process and completes the adsorption
archery target decomposes, finally completes a higher-level purification. This invention includes one
kind of refining equipment, its characteristic is induction pipe and the wrap which set the magnetism
link, the box body cavity establishes the stainless steel partition board and the thick hole stainless
steel mesh which composes separate section, through the slot activity connection, the reactor box
body sidewall as well as respectively separates between the section is loaded with the pore aeration
head, between various pores aeration is loaded with ultraviolet lamp tub

A cleaning and bactericiding aquarium is composed of a water container with transparent walls, at
least one underwater lighting lamp, and at least one oxygenizer or air pump. It features that the
photocatalyst paint is coated on the internal and external surfaces of at least one of said walls. Under
the action of ultraviolet light and lamp light, the coated photocatalyst layer composed of TiO2 particles
can generate negative oxygen ions and free H-O radicals for killing the poohogenic bacteria in wate

A process for removing fluoride from drinking water by combination of Al salt coagulation and micro- 1
filter includes such steps as adding Al-salt coagulant and alkaline solution to coagulating reactor,
stirring or aerating for hydrolyzing the Al salt and coagulating, continuous reaction on the fluoride
contained in raw water in a membrane separator for generating floc and separating the floc from
water by hollow fiber membran

A process for reclaiming the seeped liquid of garbage includes such steps as biologic treating, filtering 1
by nano-membrane, pumping it in nano-filter system to obtain concentrated liquid and transmitted
liquid, and flowing the concentrated liquid in an immersion-combustion evaporating system for
concentrating and cleaning to obtain organic liquid fertilize

A pocketable miniature water cleaning device is composed of a raw water bottle, a water inlet valve, a 1
water sucking tube, a water outlet valve, an ultrafiltrating membrane tube, filtering material box, a
main body, a plunger pump, a pressing bar and a clean water cu
The ultraviolet-titania photocatalysis apparatus for sterilizing drinking water consists of casing, water
pipe and ultraviolet lamp. The water pipe is made of transparent quartz glass or other ultraviolet ray
transmitting material and includes at least two zigzag rows. The inner wall of the water pipe is coated
with titania layer and has metal strips with titania coating set. The ultraviolet lamps mounted on the
inner wall of the casing have lamp tubes inserted between the water pipe. The casing has reflecting
coating on the inner wall. The present invention has prolonged water flow path and time, full
sterilization, and powerful functions of antifouling, deodorizing, sterilizing, purifying water,
decomposing pollutants and chemical matters, et

Disclosed a seawater strong ultraviolet disinfection filter comprises two main parts as ultraviolet
disinfection part and filter, and comprises a casing, a water-inlet storage space, a composite filter
layer, a water filter-storage space, a ultraviolet disinfection cover, a water-inlet anti-washing pollution
discharge pipe. Wherein, the water-inlet storage space has a porous filter plate and a support tube
bracket; the composite filter layer has six layers with six filtering material; the water filter-storage
space has a spilling water pipe, a control valve and a flat-flow control board; and the ultraviolet
disinfection cover has a water-proof cover, a electronic control box, a ultraviolet lamp and a reflector.
The invention utilizes single strong power ultraviolet lamp to irradiate and disinfect, and the up-flow
combined filtration assembly design. And it has the characters of simple structure and stable working.
The invention can significantly improve the efficiency of processing water, while it can purify the water
to confirm the stable supply of biological live bait. The invention is the special device for processing
the culture water of live bait in him aquiculture of halobios, as well as apply the water processing in
the freshwater variety breed and science tes

The invention relates to a purifying method and purifying system for safe drinking water, which 1
contains: treating tap water with hyperfiltration or microfiltration and separating it into two sections,
treating separately with nano filtration and activated char absorption, and then connecting the two-
section and sterilizing. The merit is characterized in that the minor element beneficial to human body
retains when poisonous and harmful pollutant is disposed of, the treatment cost is low, and the
recovery ratio is high. The system contains: the hyperfiltration or microfiltration unit connects to a
nano filtration unit by a triplet and separately by hydraulic pipelines, and it sequentially connects to an
ozone oxidation processing unit and an activated char unit, the ozone oxidation processing unit being
a passable unit. The nano filtration unit connects to the activated char unit by the hydraulic pipeline
which is equipped with an outlet, and connects to a water storage tank by the hydraulic pipeline; the
water storage tank connects to an online sterilization unit and house service duct to make up an
independent circulatory system. It realizes the automatic control of the treating process and the
treated water approaches the drinking water direct drinking standar

The invention relates to a nanomicro filtrate- supersonic bio-filter water treatment system for 1
wastewater treatment. The nanomicro filtrate- supersonic bio-filter water treatment system comprises
of a water conveyance device, a physical processing unit, and a bio-filter; the bio-filter is nano micro
filtrate-supersonic bio-filter; the bio-filter is separated into two parts, which are separately biological
filtrate layer and supersonic transverter layer; in the biological filtrate layer is placed nanomicro filtrate
and regular filtrate; and the supersonic transverter layer is equipped with several closed transverter
elements. The volume ratio of nanomicro round floating ball, nanomicro ceramic ring, polyhedral
hollow ball to coral musical ball is 0.4-0.6: 0.4-0.6: 3.2-2.8: 1; or The volume ratio of nanomicro round
floating, polyhedral hollow ball to coral musical ball is 0.8-1.2: 3.2-2.8: 1. The invention is
characterized in that it simples the treating technique process, is convenient to control and operate,
decreases largely the investment and operation cost, and improves effectively the water ecologic
environment; the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen decreases separately by 8-12%
and 18-21%, the effect on antibiosis is good, and the feed coefficient decreases by 7-8

The present invention is chemical modification technique for grafting radical with hydrophilic and ion 1
exchange performance onto the surface of hollow fiber microfiltering film and plate microfiltering film
of polyvinylidene fluoride. By using acrylic acid, PVA, acrylamide, methylene bis-acrylamide,
potassium persulfate and other reagents as material and through chemical cross-linking
polymerization reaction, carboxyl radical and hydroxyl radical are grafted onto the surface of the
microfiltering film. The technique has the advantages of simple operation and high grafting efficiency,
and can improve the hydrophilic performance of the microfiltering film and raise the treating capacity
of the microfiltering film. The modified microfiltering film can eliminate the suspended matter, colloid
matter and water soluble heavy metal ion in water simultaneously, and has raised drinking water
purifying effect and expanded application field of microfiltering film of polyvinylidene fluorid
The fiber-ultraviolet disinfection method and device may be used in treating water or air. The method
includes setting quartz core fiber with light scattering points horizontally inside water or air and making
ultraviolet ray pass through the fiber to disinfect water or air. The device includes ultraviolet ray
generator, fiber, packing body, lamp chamber with ultraviolet lamp and convex lens, and disinfecting
room with several horizontally set quartz core fibers in certain interval. Outside the packing body,
there are cooling water pipes, and the disinfecting room is provided with water/air inlet and outle

The present invention provides one kind of mixture film comprising phenolphthalein polyether sulfone 1
and common polyether sulfone and its preparation and use. The mixture film is plate film or hollow
fiber film. The present invention prepares the mixture film with phenolphthalein polyether sulfone and
common polyether sulfone and controls the ratio between phenolphthalein polyether sulfone and
common polyether sulfone to regulate the permeation performance and interception performance
effectively. The mixture film has high strength, high chemical stability, long service life, high heat
resistance and capability of being sterilized with high pressure steam, and may be used in blood
plasma separation, water treatment and other field

A sports-type health-care drinking water for preventing and treating hypertension, cardiovascular
disease, hepatism and pneumonectasis, organ transplantation, delaying sanility, etc features that it
contains SOD and heme. Its preparing process includes such steps as preparing SOD solution and
heme solution, filtering, adding them to mineral water or purified water, stirring, UV sterilizing and
vacuum pourin

A photocatalytic water cleaner is composed of a cylindrical main body with sealing top and bottom
covers and water inlet and outlet, a central ultraviolet lamp tube in said main body, and several glass
tubes surrounding said ultraviolet lamp tube and with upper and lower ends respectively
communicated with water inlet and outlet channels. Its advantages are high effect and service life,
broad spectrum and no secondary pollutio

This invention discloses a set of sterilization equipment for household tap water, which is composed of
a pipeline assembly system, a sterilization system for purified water, an assembly of supporting
mechanisms and an assembly of panels. The pipeline assembly system is the driving section of this
equipment, composed of a tap water inlet, a mean water outlet, a purified water outlet, a rectangle
male knee, a transfer and pipelines. The sterilization system for purified water is the core processing
section of this equipment, composed of an activated carbon adsorption filter, a hyperfiltration filter, a
ultraviolet sterilizer and an electron rectifier. The assembly of supporting mechanisms is utilized to
place the pipeline assembly system and the sterilization system for purified water, composed of a
stabilizing leg, a bottom base, a supporting plate and upright columns. The assembly of panels is
composed of a head cover, a front top panel, a front bottom panel and a liquid crystal display panel.
The sterilization equipment can be used for filtration and sterilization of household tap water to
produce mean water for washing and purified water for drinkin

The invention discloses a drinking water treatment device of acousto-optic disinfection of water
treatment applied technology, which comprises the following parts: acousto-optic disinfection box,
secondary germicidal treatment box, supersonic generator, energy converter, laser generator, light-
conductive optic-fiber, ultraviolet generator, ultraviolet ray streetlamp, activated carbon, reversed
osmosis membrane, single-sided reflecting pasting film and sluice valve, wherein the combination
effect of laser and ultrasonic wave can proceed sterilizing disposal within short time; the ultraviolet ray
lamp radiates the bacteria for a long time; the activated carbon and reversed osmosis membrane can
do adsorption and filtering action, which removes the impurity such as gel, pigment and
macromolecular organics. The invention guarantees the health of drinking water with beneficial
natural microelement mineral ion, which possesses obvious social and economical benefi
The invention discloses a mobile combined water purifying equipment with a filter module, an
adsorption module and a UV-ray sterilization module. Wherein, arranging a UV lamp tube in the
sterilization module with high sterilization efficiency in post-treatment for sewage, tap water and pure
water; arranging rolling wheels under the sterilization module to move the equipment rapidly to target
zone, such as flood area and water source polluted area. It is convenient to assembly and
maintenance all three module

The disclosed water-drop aeration biopretreatment-ultrafiltration combined purification technique for 1

drinking water comprises: first, building the multistage water-drop aeration biopretreatment device;
then, pumping the raw water once to remove the most ammonia nitrogen by cascade water-drop
oxygenation and biological contact oxidation pretreatment and convert the micro dissolved organic
into microbe cell; filtering by the protective porous ceramic-aggregate pond; followingly, leading into
the ultrafiltration membrane module to reduce the micro organic, ammonia nitrogen, particulate
matter, most seston, colloid, and bacteria till meeting the drinking water quality standard. This
invention belongs to green technique without coagulant or chlorine, reduces cost and land area, and
has wide application for small-scale drinking water treatmen

The invention relates to an integrated deep-treatment technique for the drinking water contained 1
bromine ion, which comprises by turns: oxygenating with ozone, coagulating, depositing, filtering,
flowing through the active carbon, and sterilizing to obtain the final water up to WHO standard. This
invention controls and removes the byproduct and micro-pollution organic with low cost, and has wide
applicatio

The present invention relates to one kind of efficient photcatalytic water-treating process and
apparatus. Inside a ceramic or stoneware tube with TiO2 coated to the inner wall, a transparent tube
is set coaxially and an ultraviolet light source is set inside the double tube to constitute a membrane
reaction tube. The membrane reaction tube is mounted vertically, the water to be treated inflows from
the lower end of the membrane reaction tube and the treated water outflows from the upper end of the
membrane reaction tube. The water flow rate is controlled so that the water settling time or
photcatalytic reaction time is controlled. The apparatus is suitable for degrading organic matter and
sterilizing of slightly contaminated industrial waste water, domestic waste water and natural water. The
apparatus has jetting device to ventilate the solution, reflux device to reinforce the mass transfer effect
of the reaction system, and control system including power source and light source controlle

A safe drinking water supply system for rural area in mountain land includes syphonate pipes posited 1
according to different water levels, a membrane treatment water box connected to ultra filtration
membrane, sterilization flow control pump, water make-up valve, water cleaning valve, backwash
valve, backwash pump, water intake valve, oil free air pipe and chlorine dioxide device which will
intake certain amount of chlorine dioxide according to water amount. Water syphonate caught by
syphonate pipes followed by membrane treatment and chlorine dioxide sterilization is transported to
water storage box and led to users through a double shelled water mete

A process for preparing spring water and mineral water by natural dense filter technique features that 1
multiple-filter, sterilizing and disinfecting filter technology is used, the filter unit with ultra-filtering
membrane is additionally used, and the external pressure is used to drive said filterin
The invention relates to a gas-water backwash method for regenerating the filtration material, 1
belonging to the regeneration technique of filtration material of filter. The screen mesh composite filter
plate used in water treatment filter tank is formed by filter plate and the filter silt or micro holes on the
filter plate, while the filter plate is adhered or poured with screen mesh. The invention has the
advantages that high mechanical strength, long service life, large porous rate and reduced water
head los

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-flux anti-penetrate film element, which is 1
characterized in that: oxidizing the anti-penetrate film with different volume concentration ratios with
oxidant before or after coiling anti-penetrate film; said invention uses sodium hypochlorite as oxidant
to oxidize the polyamide composite anti-penetrate film, to reduce the crosslinking degree of polyamide
desalination layer of anti-penetrate film and reduce the penetrate resistance of desalination layer, to
increase the water production, and modify the anti-penetrate film element. It can increase the water
production in unit area without confirmed desalination rate to improve the water flux of anti-penetrate
film elemen

The invention discloses a hydrophilic-hydrophobic bipolar complex membrane and the method for 1
preparing the same. Said complex membrane comprises two layers, the bottom one is porous
supporting system, and upper one is ultra-fine cerebral cortex; said porous supporting system is
hydrophobic membrane and nonpolar, to avoid condensation of water vapour; ultra-fine membrane is
hydrophilic membrane and polar, and LiCl with 1-5% by weight of main component can be doped to
increase polarity; the thickness of porous supporting system is 30-100 um, and that of ultra-fine
cerebral cortex is 5-20 um. The invention is characterized by simple process and low cost. The
prepared bipolar complex membrane is characterized by good penetration property and gas
selectivity, high intensity and wide application in water treatment, air conditioner engineering, energy,
chemical industry, metallurgy and biochemical engineering. The product is especially suitable for air
dehumidification and heat recycle of air cinditioner new ga

This invention relates to a method for treating light polluted water, characterizing: firstly remove the
suspended substances and colloid in the light polluted water by ultrafiltration, and then oxidize the
contaminants in the light polluted water by intensified oxidation combining ultraviolet and oxidant. This
method can greatly improve the intensified oxidation efficiency , and can be used in decolouration of
colored light polluted water and decreasing the ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen consumption
index in the light polluted wate

This invention discloses a water UV sterilizer using ultrasonic wave for cleaning. The UV sterilizer
comprises an outer shell and a UV lamp. A water inlet and a water outlet are set on the outer shell.
The spiral UV lamp is sealed at the center of the shell. Two electrodes are set on both sides of the UV
lamp, and extend out of the shell. An ultrasonic wave energy converter is fixed at the inner wall of the
shell. The ultrasonic wave energy converter is connected with an ultrasonic wave signal generator,
which is connected with a power. When the UV lamp needs to be cleaned, water is introduced into the
shell, and the ultrasonic wave signal generator is started, which generates high frequency vibrational
signal. The high frequency signal is converted into mechanical vibration by the energy converter.
Microbubbles are generated and break continuously in the water, and impact the UV lamp, thus
cleaning the UV lamp. The invention can conveniently clean the UV lamp, and raise the sterilization
efficienc

This invention relates to a house raw water instant drinking machine. The instant drinking machine
contains a raw water container and a water-processing unit with sterilizing filter cores. There is a
manual water inlet on the raw water container, wherein municipal tapping water is manually added
into the raw water via the water inlet. A raw water pipe switch valve, an external pipe valve, and a
micropump are provided between the raw water container and the water inlet of a first filter core in the
water-processing unit, thus directly introducing manucipal tapping water into the water-processing
unit. Tapping water in the raw water container is pumped with the micropump into the filter cores for
multiple filtrations, thus obtaining required water that is sterilized with UV to obtain purified water
capable of directly drinkin
The invention relates the self-cleaning ultraviolet water body sterilizer, comprises shell and ultraviolet
tube. On the shell there is the intake port and water outlet, ultraviolet tube is helix, the ultraviolet tube
is sealed in cave of shell, and the two ends of ultraviolet tube there is electric pole which extends to
shell. In the inner of shell there is ultrasonic transducer. Ultraviolet tube even divides cave, improving
the sterilization efficiency, and ultrasonic transducer is easy to removal dirt on the ultraviolet tube. In
the ultraviolet water body sterilizer there is helix ultraviolet tube and ultrasonic transducer, improving
the sterilization efficienc

A filtration system used in disinfection of swimming pool, comprised with water pump and filtration
unit, one end of the water pump connects with inlet pipe; the other end connects with filtration unit,
comprising with filtering sand cylinder with which a disinfection tank connects through pipe, at lest one
UV light is set inside the disinfection tank and a outlet water pipe connects with the disinfection tank.
Water of swimming pool is taken into the filtering sand cylinder by pump for rapid filtration, and flow
into the disinfection tank using UV light to kill bacilli, then the treated water circulate into swimming
pool through pipe. This invention disinfects water by UV light can kill bacilli quickly especially strong
chlorine resistance sorts with no effec

The invention refers to a household full-automatic purifier of multistage treatment of tap water. That
includes a housing and in which a activated carbon filter, electro dialysis membrane water purifier, two
cross valves, ultraviolet disinfection device and electric control device are positioned, the characters
consist in: the two-stage activated carbon filter is positioned between the outlets of two cross valves
and the inlet of ultraviolet disinfection device. The pure water tank positioned up the housing is
connected with water tap through the pipe, in which the inlet of pure water and float water level
automatic control device, the control action of which is reliable and the water treatment of which is
automatic. The device treats and cleans water deep with reliable quality as the result of equipping
two-stage activated carbon filter. The drinking machine is used more conveniently with the integration
of treatment and production of wate

The present invention belongs to the field of polymer film preparing technology, and is especially 1
extruding and stretching process for preparing crystalline microporous polymer film. High molecular
weight crystalline polymer and low molecular weight crystalline polymer in certain ratio are molten and
blended, the mixture is fusing extruded and quick stretched to obtain the microporous film precursor,
and the microporous film precursor is annealed, stretched and settled to obtain the microporous
polymer film. The technological process has relatively relaxed conditions, and the prepared film has
average pore size of 0.05-0.4 micron and high air permeability and may find its wide application in
water treatment, micro filtering, artificial lung, cell diaphragm, et

The integrated brackish water treating apparatus includes raw water pump, multiple medium filter,
safe filter, high pressure pump and reverse osmosis system connected successively, chemical adding
system with outlet connected between the multiple medium filters and the safe filter, and post-
treatment system comprising ultraviolet sterilizer and/or active carbon filter. It is installed on one base
board and set inside one case. The present invention has the advantages of compact structure, easy
transportation, raised motility, expanded application range, et

The present invention relates to a water treatment method for implementing drinking water deep
purification by utilizing immobilization biological ceramsite technology. Said water treatment method
includes the following steps: (1), making the water to be treated undergo the processes of
precipitation and filtration, then be fed into immobilization biological ceramsite tank; (2), making the
water flowed out from said immobilization biological ceramsite tank undergo the process of
ozonization treatment, then be flowed into secondary immobilization biological ceramsite tank; and
(3), making the water flowed out from secondary immobilization biological ceramsite tank undergo the
processes of microfiltration, secondary ozonization treatment and UV-ray sterilization so as to obtain
the deep-purified drinking wate
The present invention relates to a new-type aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis composite 1
membrane containing diphenyl structure. It is prepared by utilizing aromatic polybasic acyl chloride
containing diphenyl structure and aromatic polyamide to make them implement interfacial
polycondencation reaction on the polysulfone supporting layer. It can be extensively used in the fields
of sea-water desalination and preparation of ultrapure wate

The present invention discloses a blending membrane made of polysulfone and polyvinyl polymer, 1
including plate membrane and hollow fibre membrane. Its composition includes (by wt%) 5-25% of
polysulfone, 1-10% of polyvinyl polymer and 1-20% of pore-forming agent. Said invention can be used
as medical material, and can be used for making blood filtration, hemodialysis, ascites ultrafiltration,
concentration and back transfusion and water treatment. Besides, said invention also provides its
preparation method and concrete step

A sterilizing unit for aquarium is comprised of a case which has inlet and outlet, and a blade pump that
is mounted in the case. At least two baffle plates separate the space between the inlet and the outlet,
and each baffle plate has open(s) on its left or right part, and the opens stagger from left or right part
of one plate to right or left part of the adjacent plate. The baffle plates are inserted in the caulking
grooves located on the insides of the left and the right walls. Filter screens of photocatalyst TiO2
cover the opens, and the surfaces of the baffle plates have the coat of TiO2. The UVC ultraviolet
lamps are mounted on the top and bottom surfaces of the case, and the blade pump is mounted at an
open. The unit of present invention not only irradiates UV light, but also initiates oxidative
decomposition of the TiO2. And with the design of stagger opens to delay the water to be treated, the
effect of sterilization is greatly improve

The plasma ozone generator is used in water treating to sterilize, purify and degrade organic
pollutant. The plasma ozone generator includes reactor, regulating transformer, high voltage
transformer, high voltage silicon rectifier, air switch, reactor with nozzle electrode-plate electrode
pairs, capacitor, limiting resistor and isolating switch. The present invention combines the functions of
high temperature, high voltage, strong ultraviolet ray, cavitating flow, strong magnetic field and ozone
in water to sterilize, purify and degrade organic pollutant. The present invention has high organic
pollutant degrading rate, low cost, high water treating effect and low power consumptio

The present invention discloses one kind of micro ecological system unit and its application in water 1
environment treatment, and belongs to the field of river and lake water environment treating
technology. Inside a casing of ecological concrete material, there are artificial filtering material layer,
artificial soil layer and plant from bottom to top. The artificial filtering material layer has common
filtering material and special filtering material, the common filtering material is mixture of river sand
and clay, and the special filtering material contains iron, aluminum or calcium. The artificial soil layer
has mixed soil and sawdust; and the plant can eliminate nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant. The
present invention is used in treating water environment, can eliminate SS, COD, BOD5, and nitrogen
and phosphorus pollutant effectively, and has low cos

An antibacterial hollow fiber membrane containing the Ag-carried molecular sieve able to kill 1
Staphylococcus aureus and pathogenic bacillus is prepared through mixing acrylonitrile-vinyl
pyrrolidone copolymer, Ag-carried molecular sieve and pore forming agent, dissolving in dimethyl
sulfoxide, filtering, defoaming, spinning, water washing, and pole-holding treating. It can be used for
blood dialysis, plasma separation, and cleaning wate
This invention discloses environmentally friendly method and apparatus for producing reverse 1
osmosis purified water. Pre-treated original water is pressurized by a high-pressure pump, and then
passes through a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain purified water that can be used. The
obstructed concentrated water containing high-concentration soluble pollutants is wastewater, whose
pressure is higher than that of original water. The majority of wastewater is returned to the pre-
treatment apparatus by a unidirectional valve, and the minority of wastewater is discharged by an
adjustment valve to keep the cleanness of the reverse osmosis membrane. Compared with present
techniques, this invention has lower water consumption and higher purified water qualit

The invention discloses a multi-functional water purifying device to drink directly with hygienic action, 1
which is characterized by the following: setting the host structure on the stand; possessing filter
cylinder with nanometer hole; loading active carbon particle in the cylinder; filtering for two and three
times; loading mineralizing hygienic, iodide sterilizing and magnifying material in the reserving
cylinder; connecting inlet and outlet pipe with valve; removing impurity and bacteria in the water;
increasing micro-element; improving hygienic function; perfecting water qualit

The invention relates to a kind of ultraviolet water sterilizing system which includes closet 2 and many
quartz burners on the top, below, left and right sides between transparent lotic water sink 1 and closet
2. The advantage of the invention includes: simple structures, low cost, high sterilizing efficiency and
less investment; the system can also be universalized quickly to universalize the sterilized water and
improve people's living standard

The invention relates to an ultraviolet fluid sterilizing system which can maintain water level
automatically. The system includes an irrigation canal, uviol lamp modular unit, electric-control system
and uviol lamp modular unit mounting rack. The mentioned uviol lamp unit and its lamp are vertical to
the water flowing direction. Or the lamp's axial direction has the vertical constituent to the water
flowing direction. There's added a blocking board on the bottom of the uviol lamp unit mounting rack.
The board bends to the uviol lamp from the bottom of the mounting rack, the bottom of the board is
lower than the top radical region of the nearest uviol lamp to the uviol lamp unit mounting rack. The
invention can control the water level and can be used in the domestic sewage treatment, industrial
sewage treatment, reused water treatment, tap water sterilization or other fluid sterilizing domai

It is an environmental water chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurement method, particularly

based on nanometer photocatalysis principle to precess the water COD measurement method. Its
main feature is using specialized preparation nanometer titanium dioxide membrane electrode as the
working electrode to establish three electrodes system, and after photocatalysis, generating organic
matter of the hole oxidation samples, so establishing responsive current in the detection loop circuit,
and simultaneously, detecting the UV intensity arrived at membrane electrode, to calculate the
response current generated by the unit light intensity correlated to the COD in samples. Using the unit
light intensity response current, it can calculate the COD value in the samples. The method is mainly
applicable to the water quality monitoring station, the monitoring laboratory, the sewage metering
station, the sewage treatment plant, the water plant, the sewage plant, the water sector monitoring
points, and other units. The method has rapid detection, no secondary pollution, low maintenance,
high stability and precision, strong anti-jamming ability, not sensitive to chloride ion, and other feature
The invention discloses an ultraviolet scanning multi-spectral water quality COD rapid detection
method and its device. Embedded computer system connects to the single-chip system, and the
single-chip system connects in turn to spectrum scanning stepper motor, measuring valve, cleaning
valve, and the flow measurement groove respectively connects with automatic cleaning device, water
sample export, cleaning valve, measuring valve, and cleaning valve connecting with washing water
import, measuring valve connecting with water sample import, and ultraviolet light of deuterium lamp
is gathered by measuring groove, and the ultraviolet light after water absorption is gathered to project
to the plane grating spectrophotometry system, and after spectrophotometry, project to the
photoelectric conversion circuit, the photoelectric conversion circuit connecting the single-chip system.
The invention increases the applicability and the measurement accuracy of UV absorption based
COD measuring instrument; it implements the fully automation of water extraction, measuring groove
cleansing and measurement, and increases the on-line measurement speed, and cat fit in the online,
fast and accurate analysis and test of the environmental water and various waste water CO

A faucet filter comprises a filter cylinder, filter core, magnetic material, filter net whose upper end 1
connected with the faucet through a linking piece, two magnetic material inside the filter cylinder, one
or two layers of filter net between two round magnetic materials with through holes within, filter core
under the magnetic material in porous infrared ceramics, seal cover under the filter cylinder with multi
holes. Connecting the faucet and the linking piece with the tap open, water will run out from the filter
net and core through magnetic material. Impurities will be eliminated, especially for rusts, with filter
core in infrared ceramics; it can precede micro treatment for water, activating water molecules,
improving water quality. It is simple and convenien

The present invention provides one kind of water purifying column of active carbon with supported Ag
and photocatalytic TiO2 for use in household drinking water machine, and belongs to the field of water
purifying technology. After TiO2 is deposited on surface of granular active carbon through a liquid
phase deposition process and Ag is applied to the catalyst surface through a photochemical process,
the active carbon with the catalyst is filled into the water purifying column. The water purifying column
includes granular active carbon with Ag doped TiO2 film, quartz tube with ultraviolet lamp in the
middle part, fixed porous partition board in the upper part, movable porous partition board in the lower
part, filter cloth sheets below each of the porous partition boards, water inlet, bottom sealing head,
water outlet and plastic casing. It is simple in structure and low in cost, and produces secondary
pollution during purifying wate

The present invention is ship ballast water treating process and apparatus. The ship ballast water
treating process includes the following steps: filtering to eliminate foreign matters of size over 50
microns, and treating in a photocatalytic reactor through the common effects of ultraviolet radiation
and free hydroxyl group to kill microbes and reach the required water quality. The corresponding
apparatus includes filter, control valves, photocatalytic reactor, ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator and
mixing jet device. The filter has inlet connected to the ballast water pipeline and the outlet connected
via one control valve to the photocatalytic reactor with ultraviolet lamp in its inside cavit

The process of recovering hexavalent chromium from chromium plating rinsing solution includes the 1
following steps: coarse filtering, micro filtering and safety filtering the rinsing solution; and separating
the rinsing solution with reverse osmosis membrane to obtain pure water and solute, concentrating
solute to obtain chromate anhydride containing hexavalent chromium. The pressure before coarse
filtering is 0.1MPa-0.5MPa, that before the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.6MPa-4MPa and that in
reverse washing is 0.2MPa-0.6MPa. The treating process of the present invention is environment
friendly and high in economic benefi

This invention provides a sterilizing device for clean water including a sterilizing water tank, a
flowmeter and a lamp driver, in which, a UV-lamp is set in the sterilizing water tank with an water inlet
at a side and an outlet at the other, said flowmeter is set at the front part of the tank to provide water
flow signals, said driver is connected with the flowmeter and matched with a programmable single-
chip to receive the signals and take volume of flow or pressure difference as the control signal to
adjust the irradiance strength of the UV-lamp to reach linear output to save energ
The invention relates to a filter element at molecule screen structure and relative production, wherein 1
its production comprises that: preparing materials via formula, mixing and putting into mould; sintering
at high temperature, drying to normal temperature, removing mould, to obtain the porous filter
element. The invention is made for natural mineral material, with micro filter, molecule wide adsorption
and static adsorption characters. The invention can effectively remove virus, harmful heavy metals, et

The invention discloses a mobile integral driving water purifier which comprises the following parts:
water head, sucking pump, pipe-typed blender, reacting sediment pond, sand filter, adsorbing filter,
booster pump, fine filter, ultrafilter, ultraviolet sterilizer, reserving tank, backwash pump, dosing device
and power distribution control tank, wherein the reacting sediment pond is composed of folded plate
reacting area, inclined-tube sediment area and clean water area, which possesses through-out hole to
drain mud through the gravity; the sand filter adopts gravity-typed non-valve filter; the purifier
integrates each processing unit, which is carried to constructing place by truck directly to interconnect
water source as drinking wate

The utility model provides a sterilization filter relating to water-treatment equipment, in particular to
water purifier, which consists of a water pipe (1), an outer thimble (2), a filtering core (3) and ultraviolet
lamps (4) and is characterized in that: the water pipe (1) is transparent and is provided with the
filtering core (3) inside; the lower end of the outer thimble (2) nested outside the water pipe (1) is
connected with the outerwall of the water pipe (1) through closing joint; the screw thread at the upper
end of the outer thimble (2) is connected with the sealing cover (5) slideably nested around the
outerwall of the water pipe (1); inside the cavity formed between the water pipe (1) and the outer
thimble (2) is arranged a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (4) with power socket (6). The utility model has
the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and great reduction in volume of the sterilization
filter due to integration of sterilizing ultraviolet irradiation device and filtering devic

The utility model relates to an ozone-ultraviolet ray photocatalysis water treating equipment, which
takes advantage of the ozone-ultraviolet ray photocatalysis technology and treats the sewage with
difficult degradable organics. The intake of gas-liquid mixing pump is connected to the outlet of the
intake pipe and ozone generator, and the outlet of gas-liquid mixing pump is connected to the ozone
contact reaction can, while an ultraviolet ray catalytic reactor is mounted between the gas-liquid
mixing pump and the ozone contact reaction can. The intake of plunger pump is connected to the
intake pipe, and the outlet of plunger pump is connected to the ozone contact reaction can directly,
and adding pressure into the ozone contact reaction can by the plunger pump to make the ozone
dissolve into water fully and fast and react with difficult degradable organic pollutants. In addition,
adding ozone by several times by the gas-liquid mixing pump could improve the utilization ratio of
ozone, and could produce plenty of hydroxyl radicals. The hydroxyl radicals could swift and effective
react with the organics which is difficultly degraded by the ozone, drastically break out all difficult
degradable organics and make the oxidation reaction of the difficult degradable organics fast,
exhaustive and energy-efficien

The utility model relates to a filter core positioning device for water purifying system, which is 1
arranged at a main body of the water purifying system, the filter core positioning device comprises a
support which is arranged at the main body at a preset interval; a top cover which is hinged at the
support and is provided with a position-limiting part, a water inlet and a water outlet; a shell which is
provided with a clamping part, a first water transmission gate and a second water transmission gate,
the shell can be removably arranged at the position-limiting part, the first water transmission gate is
communicated with the water inlet, the second water transmission gate is communicated with the
water outlet. The utility model has simple structure and is convenient to replace the filter cor

A tap water terminal processor, belonging to water treatment equipment is provided, specifically a 1
household water purification processing equipment in the daily life of people; including a shell, and a
cartridge filled with filter materials is set up in the shell. The key technologies of the utility model rest
with more than two cartridges are arranged abreast in the shell; moreover a water pipe is arranged in
the shell. The utility model has the advantages of a large water yield; convenient cleanout; water
saving; and supplying scientifically living wate
A UV liquid purifying processor is provided with an UV lamp within the tube body, a liquid inlet tube
and a liquid outlet tube are provided on the tube body respectively. The external power source of the
UV lamp is DC electricity. Or the utility model can be provided with a tube body that is provided with a
groupware that can produce UV, a liquid tube and a liquid outlet tube are installed on the tube body
respectively with the UV groupware a LED UV lamp. Furthermore, the tube body is provided with a
speedup device which is provided with a stream guidance access whose total amount of the cross
section of the exit of the discharge hole is smaller than cross section of the inlet tube of the pipeline at
the exit of the inlet tube. Thus, the utility model can be assured of safety use, low cost and high quality
of water purifyin

The utility model discloses a water purifying device which is provided with a tap that has the function
of sterilization. The utility model pertains to the field of drinking water sterilizing and disinfecting
device. The sterilizing device of the utility model is a tube whose one side is enclosed and whose
other side is provided with opening. The tube is connected with hot and cold water outlet part of a first
and a second water inlet of the water tube of the hot and cold water purifier; the lower part of the main
body of the tap which has the functions of sterilizing is connected with the water outlet part of the
water purifying device through screws. The main body of the sterilizing machine is inserted into the
inner side of the water outlet part of the main body of the tap to prevent the cold water from running
back, a first quartz tube of the sterilizing lamp is inserted into the ring shaped circular shell; the inner
side of the sterilizing machine is provided with a screw tube to prolong the detention time of the water
stream and the irradiation time of the UV and improve the efficiency of sterilizing. Thus, a sterilizing
lamp can kill bacterial in the water purifier and the hot and cold water in the ta

The utility discloses an optimized flexible treatment station for purifying water in buildings, consisting 1
of sequentially connected components by pipes: a magnetic water purifying part, a nano-scale
membrane filtrating part, a forestage ultraviolet sterilization device, a water tank and a backstage
ultraviolet sterilization device, the water purifying part being connected to the water supply and the
backstage ultraviolet sterilization device being connected to the central pipe to supply costumers with
purified water. The optimized flexible water treatment station has advantages over the currently
available technologies in that the utility model requires relatively lower investment, costs less and
makes drinking convenient with purified water directly available at individual faucets, thereby
providing a clean and cheap alternative for supply of drinkable water, which suits well the current
water supply system of Chin

A drinking water purifying disinfector includes a center-hollowed housing which has a water inlet and a
water outlet; the invention is characterized in that a glass tube which has a containing cavity is
provided inside the housing; a ultraviolet bacteria-killing lamp is provided inside the containing cavity;
the ultraviolet bacteria-killing lamp is connected with a plug via a power line which protrudes out of the
housing; a purifying cavity chamber is formed between the outer wall of the glass tube and the inner
wall of the housing. When used, the drinking water continuously flows in from the water inlet of the
housing, and the drinking water which flows out from the water outlet is sterilized by the ultraviolet
bacteria-killing lamp, so the invention can uninterruptedly provide people with the drinking water which
is sterilized by the ultraviolet bacteria-killing lamp; the drinking water purifying disinfector only relates
to a plurality of components, so the invention has the advantages of that the volume is small; the
gross weight is light; the structure is simple and reasonable; the using is convenient; the invention can
be matchedly used with various drinking machine in the present market; the applicable scope is wid

The utility model discloses a novel water saving retriever, wherein, the inlet of a self-priming lifting
pump is communicated with a water collector by a water suction hose; the tail end of a plurality of
serially connected water filters is communicated with the water flow inlet of a UV sterilization device,
which the water flow outlet of the UV sterilization device is communicated with the water inlet of a
water tank; the bottom of the water tank is provided with a purified water outlet with valve control; the
bottom side of one elevation of the water tank is provided with a sewage outlet with valve control; a
liquid level sensor is additionally provided, of which the test head is communicated with the
intermediate water collector; the control circuit of the liquid level sensor and the self-priming lifting
pump is connected with a controller. When the liquid level sensor senses the intermediate water
collector reaches the set water level, the controller sends signal to the self-priming lifting pump, so as
to lift and booster the intermediate water; the intermediate water sequently enters water filters and UV
sterilization devices of all levels, and finally flow into the water tank for use. The retriever can save
plenty of water and reduce wastewater discharg
The utility model is to provide a slightly polluted aquatic organism slow filtering water purifier with
water quantity suitable for special groups and social institutions in water lack areas such as sea island
or high mountain. Since increase of water production quantity of the water purification makes raw
water tank and purified water tank be larger, decreasing space area occupied by product and
reducing height of water filling mouth are required as far as possible for the convenience of operation,
so the utility model uses an embedded structure, and installs organism reaction tank in the purified
water tank. In order to solve other problems caused by increase of water production quantity, sewage
discharge structure of the raw water tank, water level gauge and additional ultraviolet disinfection
device are added. The utility model has characteristics of compact structure and convenient operatio

A photocatalysis water treatment device integrating a jet fluidization and a precipitation separation
relates to a photocatalysis water treatment device, an integrating the reactor(2) and a water
collector(8). An effluent valve (10) and a purge valve (9) are arranged on a spherical head (11) of the
water collector (8). A housing support (12) is arranged between the spherical head (11) and the funnel
shaped head (7). A tubular separator (6) and a baffle (5) are arranged inside of the reactor (2). A
separator support (13) is arranged between the tubular separator (6) and the funnel shaped head (7).
An inclined plate settler (4) is arranged between the baffle (5) and the square housing (3) of the
reactor (2). An ultraviolet lamp (14) and a steel frame of a jet eductor (21) are arranged on top of the
water collector (8). A tee, making water formed into correlation, is arranged on the bottom of a
drainage pipe. Alongside of the drainage pipe is an inlet pipe. The utility model has many advantages
such as energy saving and consumption cut-down, reasonable structure, convenience for
maintenance, good treatment effect and so on. The model can also be widely used in dealing with
water and wastewate

The utility model relates to a water purifying filter core, in particular belonging to an equipment and 1
device needing high temperature water purifying. The technical proposal of the utility model is that
both sides of a ceramic membrane are fixed with a plurality of bolts and are equipped with a water
outlet end cover and a fixing bottom cover; the water outlet end cover and the fixing bottom cover are
sealed through a silica gel sealing ring; and a discharging tube is produced on the water outlet end
cover. The utility model has the following advantages: 1. the utility model does not adopt the cohesion
method with a cohesive material, but the mechanical method to assemble, so the structure is simple,
the design is skillful and the utility model is stable and reliable. 2. only a ceramic membrane needs to
be replaced when the service life of the purifying water filter core comes due to make the product
more sanitary, so the replacement is more convenient to and the utility model is an environment
protective produc

The utility model relates to a pure water preparation device, in particular to a water-saving pure water 1
machine. The utility model comprises two reverse osmosis membranes, the thick water opening of the
reverse osmosis membrane A is connected with the water inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane B
through a pipeline; the reverse osmosis membrane A and the reverse osmosis membrane B are
connected with a three-way connector through the pipeline and the connected with a high pressure
switch through the pipeline; the thick water opening of the reverse osmosis membrane B is divided
into two ways through the pipeline and the three-way connector; one way is connected with a flow-
limiting valve, the flow-limiting valve is connected with one end of a one way valve through the
pipeline, the other end of the one way valve with the water inlet of a precipitating filtering core through
the pipeline and the three-way connector; the other way is connected with one end of an adjustable
washing electromagnetic valve through the pipeline, the other end of the adjustable washing
electromagnetic valve discharges out the thick water through the pipeline. The pure water machine
makes the primary thick water proportion from 3:7 to 7:3, not only saves the water source and also
improves the water producing efficiency greatly. The utility model adopts the adjustable washing
electromagnetic valve to wash the reverse osmosis membrane automatically, and increases the
service life of the reverse osmosis membrane simultaneousl
The utility model relates to a double helix self-cleaning ultraviolet disinfection water treatment device,
which mainly solves the problems that the present ultraviolet disinfection device has high
manufacturing and operating cost, complicated structure and difficult maintenance. The utility model is
characterized in that the two ends of a shell (1) are separately connected with end covers (2), which
are characterized in that a glass sleeve (3) is connected between the two end covers (2), the two
ends of the glass sleeve (3) are connected with a bearing (4), the outside of the bearing (4) is
connected with a bearing base (5), the bearing base (5) is connected with a double helix body (6), the
inner side of the double helix body (6) is connected with a cleaning brush contacted with the outer
wall of the glass sleeve (3), and a lamp tube base (8) in the glass sleeve (3) is fixed with an ultraviolet
lamp tube (7). The double helix self-cleaning ultraviolet disinfection water treatment device has the
characteristics of low manufacturing and operating cost, simple structure and convenient maintenanc

The utility model discloses a generation device for active function water which comprises an 1
enclosure equipped with a control device and a water disposal device equipped inside the enclosure.
The water disposal device is an active function box equipped with a water intake and an outlet
respectively for acidic water and alkali water and with an activation polarization plate group made with
Pt-Ti alloy which presents a longitudinal even arrangement inside the active function box. An acid
detection port and an alkali detection port are respectively near the water outlet respective for acidic
water and alkali water. After the water to be treated enters the active function box via the water intake,
the polarization plate group, made with Pt-Ti alloy and thereby characterized in long service life and
stable chemical performance, can perform an ultra strong and deep filtering to the pre-treated water in
order to completely remove the pollutant such mud, sand, iron, calcium, pesticide, residual chlorine,
heavy metal, organics, bacterium and virus as can hurt the body and at the same time reserve the
mineral matter and minor element beneficial to the body to make the water to be treated characterized
in weak base, small molecular group and negative electrical potential. The post-treatment water
conforms to a serial of quality standards and sanitation indexes on the drinking water and approaches
the standard about qualified drinking water stipulated by WH

The utility model discloses a fresh water generator, which comprises a condensation unit assembly
and a water treatment unit assembly, the condensation unit assembly comprises a refrigeration
system, a water accumulation disc, a water storage bucket and a water pump; the water treatment
unit assembly comprises a filter unit, a refrigeration system, cooling and heating water gallbladder and
an UV germicidal lamp. Adopting the microcomputer automatic detection and controlling, the utility
model has the advantages of compact structure, rapid assembling, and convenient maintenance,
easy to use and high degree of automation. Meanwhile, the utility model also has the advantages of
multifunction, such as realization of making purified water from air and tap water, removing moisture
from room and being as reefer container, enabling to be used in any environmen

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet sterilization device for water tank of medium and large sized
water purifier. The device is characterized in that an ultraviolet lamp 2 is arranged above the open
water tank 1 and the ultraviolet lamp 2 is connected with an electricity source circuit 4 by a controller
3. The controller can be with a manual switch or an automatic switch. The ultraviolet sterilization
device above the water tank of the water purifier effectively prevents the secondary contamination of
the purified water in the water tank and ensures the quality of the drinking water. The device has the
advantages of simple structure and convenient maintenanc

The utility model relates a multi-purpose water-making machine of rare earth, consisting of an
ultraviolet light, rare earth materials, a digital circuit inspection, an electrobath, a magnetizer of rare
earth, ultraviolet sterilization equipment, a computer control board, a computer screen, an alkali key-
press, an acid key-press, a high span, a medium span, and a weak span, a switch of power source
and a cover. The utility model provides the ultraviolet light, the rare earth materials and current loop
control are sequentially connected with two kinds of magnetizers of rare earth and processes the
multi-purpose water-making machine of rare earth of acidity and alkali at the same time. The different
PH values of the electrobath under polarity of voltages are automatically displayed in the computer
screen, which could automatically clean the elecctrobath and extend the service life of the ion
membranes of the electrobath, with the characteristics of high precision control of PH values, clean
water quality, high automatization, low fault rate and easy to operate, seldom appearing
sedimentation and white flocculent suspended substances. Therefore, the utility model must be
accepted and approved by masses of user
An aquatic animal box with nano-meter light photocatalyst, which is comprised of a self cleaning box 1
body wall, self cleaning bottom stones, self cleaning suspended matters in the water space of the box,
a light triggering source, and a water circulation filtering device. The utility model is characterized in
that the outer surface of the self cleaning bottom stones, the self cleaning suspended matters and the
light triggering source and the inner surface of the self cleaning box body, and the water circulation
filtering device, which can contact with water are distributed with a layer of nano-meter light
photocatalyst matter. The utility model triggers the light source to generate purification factor to purify
the water, enhance the quality of the aquatic animal and promote the aquatic animal developmen

A novel water purification liner and a water purification device using the the novel water purification 1
liner, the water purification liner is made of ceramic materials with micro-holes. The liner is ladder-
shaped with big mouth and small bottom, or cylinder-shaped or has a basin-shaped structure, the
lateral face of which is curved. The top of the water purification liner is provided with an outburst outer
edge, the upper part of which is showed to be open-shaped. The bottom and the sidewall of the water
purification liner can be used to filter and purify water. A filtering net is buckled above the water
purification liner. A water purification device using the the novel water purification liner which is formed
in order to embed the novel water purification liner on the upper end of the container, the top of the
container protrudes an edge, the outer edge of the water purification liner and the edge of the
container are clamped and fixed on the container, and form a raw water chamber and a water
purification separated by the water purification liner. The water purification liner has large filtration
area, quick speed of the water purification, simple making, low cost, convenient use and maintenance,
which can purify the tap water that does not reach the standards or is secondly polluted and the
untreated raw water, and can be acceptable for wide towns and countrie

The utility model discloses an automatic high efficient water purifier including a filtering unit which
consists of a quartz sand filtering tank, an activated carbon filtering tank and an ultrafitration
membranes filtering tank and an electrical apparatus automatic control box, which is characterized in
that a cyclone settlement separator is arranged in front of the filtering unit. The cyclone settlement
separator of the utility model intensifies flocculation settlement separation by the action of rotating flow
field, realizes quick settlement clarification, and also can perform the flocculation settlement to the
pesticides, detergent and so on colloid substances or macromolecule substances and arsenic,
fluorine and heavy metal substances; adding the arenaceous quartz filtering, active carbon filtering,
especially the ultrafiltration membrane filtering to make the treating effects of bacteria, virus, seston
evident, the water treating efficiency high, the quality good, without arranging the treating pool
additionally, the whole structure is compact and can be transferred wholly by vehicle. The utility model
can be applied to water quality purification for various small-size water supply engineering, especially
to water treatment for states of emergenc

The utility model relates to a multi-step filtering and purifying water wagon. A pure water tank and a
raw water tank are arranged in turn from the front to the back in the carriage of the present vehicle. A
water inletting valve and a water outlet are arranged on the raw water tank and the water outlet is
orderly connected with a self sucking pump, a magnetized can, a high pressure pump, a water purifier
and a filtering can through a pipeline and is connected with the pure water tank through an anti-
leakage film to form a passage for the purified water. An ultraviolet sterilizer is communicated with the
outlet of the pure water tank through a booster pump and a tap is connected with the outputting end of
the ultraviolet sterilizer. A liquid level controlling tank is also arranged in the raw water tank. An electric
appliance controller is connected with the corresponding circuits of the booster pump, the high
pressure pump the self sucking pump and the ultraviolet sterilizer. The upper part of the pure water
tank is also provided with an exhaust hole. Through the adoption of a plurality of multi-step filtering
and purifying apparatuses such as the ultraviolet sterilizer, the anti-leakage film, etc. and through the
forcible filtering of the high pressure pump, the amount of purified water increased and the water
quality is excellent. Due to the on-car design, the utility model has great mobility and meets the living
and working needs of the army and the field worker
A sterilization water purifier is provided, the cylindrical shell shaft core is provided with a waterway, the 1
waterway is equipped with an ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube or a microwave sterilization device, the
shell outside the waterway is filled with filter medium, the shell lower part is provided with a
mineralized water storage area, the area is equipped with the mineralized materials, the filter medium
bottom part and the waterway bottom end are communicated with the mineralized water storage area;
the waterway upper end is communicated with the water outlet of the shell top part, the filter medium
upper end is communicated with the water inlet of the shell top part. The utility model has the
advantages that: the filter and ultraviolet sterilization lamp tube or the microwave sterilization device is
arranged in the same cylindrical structure, which greatly reduces the integral linear dimension,
thereby saving the occupied space and improving the application range; the utilization of ultraviolet
radiation or microwave frequency oscillation can kill the bacteria in the water with good purification
effect; the mineralized materials at the bottom part provide the micro mineral substance needed by
the human body and improves the water qualit

The utility model relates to a drinking water treatment device, in particular to a health directly
drinkable water treatment device capable of degrading organic pollutants. The device mainly
comprises a rough filter, a char filter, a fine filter, an ultrafilter, a flavor filter, a hot water cylinder, a
warm water cylinder, and a cold water cylinder that are sequentially connected by a conduit pipe in a
shell, and a control for controlling and displaying water temperature. The utility model is characterized
in that an oxidizer is connected between the fine filter and ultrafilter and composed of a shell, an
ultraviolet sterilization lamp fixed in the shell, and a transparent tube filled with catalyst, the water
outlet end of the fine filter is connected with the water inlet end of the transparent tube in the oxidizer
via the conduit pipe, the water outlet end of the transparent tube is connected with the water inlet end
of the ultrafilter via the conduit pipe, and the power cord of the ultraviolet sterilization lamp is
connected with the controller. The utility model can degrade soluble organic pollutants in water, so as
to effectively reduce the concentration of organic pollutants in water, and make the organic pollutants
concentration in the effluent lower than the standard specified by WHO (2.5 mg/L

The utility model relates to a multifunctional water treatment device. In the device, an interface is 1
equipped at the water inlet port of a micro-filter and connected with the original water pipe, a filtered
water outlet port of the micro-filter is connected with a water inlet port of an ultrafilter via a pipe, a
micro-filtering and back flushing pump is arranged in a connecting pipe connecting the micro-filter and
ultrafilter, a filtered water outlet port of the ultrafilter is respectively connected with water inlet ports of
a reverse osmosis filter and a KDF plus active carbon filter, a ultra filtering and back flushing pump is
arranged in the pipe at one side of the filtered water outlet port of the ultrafilter, a drainage pipe is
respectively equipped in the micro-filter and ultrafilter, a concentrated water outlet port of the reverse
osmosis filter is connected with the drainage pipe of the ultrafilter via a pipe, a reverse osmosis
concentrated water switch is arranged on the concentrated water pipeline, and water outlet ports of
the reverse osmosis filter and the KDF plus active carbon filter are respectively provided with a
purified water outlet pipe and a spring water outlet pipe. The utility model is a multifunctional water
purification device with low production and operating cos

A household water purifier includes a shell and a filter net; the upper end of the shell is provided with 1
a sewage inlet. The key points of the structure are that: the upper part of the inside of the shell is
provided with the filter net; the lower part of the filter net is filler with the activated carbon particle; the
bottom of the shell is provided with a water outlet. The utility model mainly uses the two major
characteristics of the activated carbon, namely: 1. large absorption capacity; the activated carbon has
a developed structure of micro holes and has a large absorption capacity for the organic compound;
2. quick absorption speed; the whole process of adsorption can usually be completed within a plurality
of seconds to achieve the adsorption equilibrium and the filtering and anti-gas function. The utility
model is low in the manufacturing cost, simple in the manufacturing technology, convenient in the
purifying effects, and is suitable for the purification and secondary use of the life sewage to achieve
the water saving purpos
A device for artificial regulation of water quality belongs to the technical field of water purification. The 1
method adopted is as follows: a water source, after multi-stage filtration, is filtered in two independent
paths, one to obtain purified water and the other to obtain pure water containing minerals; water
obtained from the two paths is controllably mixed in a mixer according to demands. The water quality
regulation device comprises a water source, a filter, a valve, an electromagnetic valve, a water-quality
and water-flow sensor and a central controller which is connected with the above members. The
structure of the device comprises a tap water source, a water-pressure switch, a PP strainer filter, a
pressurizing water pump, an activated-carbon filter, a fine filter, a water inlet electromagnetic valve
and a magnetizer arranged successively and connected via high-pressure hosepipes. The water-
quality regulation device also comprises a magnetizer, a RO membrane filter, a matching adjustment
valve, a waste water proportional valve, a jet mixer, a reducing valve and an ultra-fine filter in
connection. The utility model provides, for the market, a pure water treating device which can regulate
water quality and relatively save wate

The utility model relates to a mixing cleaning system used for a household water purifying equipment. 1
The utility model comprises a water intake, at least a common water outlet and at least a drinking
water outlet, a front-arranged filtering part, a super-micro filtering part, a reverse osmosis filtering part,
a pressure cylinder and a control part. And the control part is provided with at least three use modes:
a common mode, a reverse cleaning mode and a positive cleaning mode, and also a dunking mode,
namely, a first control valve, a second control valve, a third control valve and a fourth control valve
which respectively represent closing, opening for a fixed-time and closing again, closing and closing.
The reverse osmosis filtering part also comprises an adjustable reverse osmosis waste water valve
which is arranged on a reverse osmosis waste water cut, a booster pump which is arranged on a
branch pipe and a check valve arranged on the branch pipe. The utility model can largely enhance
service life of the water purifying device, and can regularly and automatically carry out a pure-water
reverse cleaning and a raw-water washing to a UF membrane, providing the most proper water
quality according to different purposes, and the cost of the whole device is lo

The utility model discloses a tap-water purifier, and comprises an inlet pipe, a separator, a filter, and a 1
water-yielding valve which are all sequentially connected by pipe fittings. The utility model is
characterized in that the separator is in a three-way structure, an upper interface and a lower interface
are respectively communicated with the inlet pipe and a draining faucet, the middle interface is
connected with the filter which is connected with the water-yielding valve, a conical magnet ore is
arranged in the lower interface of the separator, and ultra-filter membranes, activated charcoal
granules, and quartz sand are arranged in a middle layer of the separator, and the ultra-filter
membranes are arranged on two ends of the separator to be clamped at the connecting position of
the pipe fittings. The activation of water quality is increased through processing the filtering dielectrics,
thereby various microelements which are needed by human bodies are retained and supplemented,
and the constitution of human body is enhanced for strengthening immunity. The utility model relates
to the tap-water purifier and has the advantages of long service life, large water yield, convenient
maintenance, occasional release, low investment, and wide applicability. The utility model can be
inversely flushed, the processed water can reach the drinking water standards, and the utility model
can be used in all families and at public drinking position

A high efficient water purification installation comprises a cylindrical outer casing with a filtration 1
interlayer, wherein, the axes of the cylindrical outer casing is provided with a water canal; a magnet
interlayer is arranged between the water canal and the filtration interlayer; the inside of the filtration
interlayer is filled with filtration medium; a plurality of permanent magnets which are distributed along
a circumference at intervals are respectively arranged inside the magnet interlayer and outside the
filtration interlayer; moreover, the opposite internal permanent magnets and external permanent
magnets are of opposite polarity; the internal lower part of the outer casing is provided with a
mineralization water storage area which is charged with mineralization material; the bottom of the
filtration interlayer and the bottom end of the water canal are communicated with the mineralization
water storage area. The utility model has the advantages that magnetization and filtration are carried
out at the same time and water molecular group is highly split under the action of magnetic field
during magnetization; meanwhile, impurities or bacteria attached to macro molecular group are
released and high-activity water passes through the filtration material with micro filtration pores to filter
out the impurities and the bacteria, thereby greatly improving filtering and purifying effec
The utility model discloses a pipe type ultra-filtration water purifier, comprising a shell provided with a 1
water inlet, a water producing port and a washing port and an ultra-filtration membrane filter core
installed in the shell. The ultra-filtration membrane filter core is composed of membrane wires and a
pouring base. The pouring base is fixed in the shell, and divides the shell into two areas of an inhalant
area communicate with the water inlet and a water producing area communicated with the water
producing port. The membrane wires are a plurality of outside-in hollow fiber ultra-filtration
membranes bent to be U-shaped, the two ends of each of the membrane wires are fixed in the
pouring layer in a membrane joint, two ports of the membrane wires are communicated with the water
producing area, and the lateral side of the membrane wires is communicated with the inhalant area.
The water purifier of the utility model can resist a water hammer impact of a higher pressure, enlarges
the application scope of the water purifier to water pressure, and reduces the rupture probability of the
membrane wires due to the water hammer impact. The utility model has simple and scientific
structure, the original water is totally isolated from the produced water, so the utility model ensures the
filtration quality and is convenient to carry out check and maintenance on the membrane wire

The utility model relates to a water quality comprehensive treatment device to solve the problem of
the existent water treatment equipments of not having the comprehensive water treatment function,
comprising a frame as well as a filter, a degasifier, a dosing machine, an ultraviolet or ozone sterilizer
and an electronic scale removing device which are connected and orderly arranged on the frame. The
dosing machine is an automatic dosing machine; the filter and the vacuum deaerator are provided
with a pressure gauge and a flowmeter therebetween; a control cabinet is arranged in the front of the
upper end of the frame. The adoption of the integrated design results in high degree of integration so
that various water treatment functions can be carried out simultaneously to improve water quality
comprehensively while part of the water treatment functions can be processed to improve the partial
quality index of the water and meet special water quality requirements. The utility model has the
advantages of small volume, high processing efficiency, convenient assembly, simple operation,
safety and stability, convenient maintenance and good coordination of all the functional device

The utility model discloses a drinking water purifying filter, comprising a joint, a modular filter unit, and 1
a casing, a water quality detector and a service life indicator which can be chosen to match. The utility
model is characterized in that the joint is arranged at the water entrance and connected with the water
source, and a water outlet is arranged at the lower part. The utility model has the advantages that the
drinking water purifying filter adopts a modular design; different filter units are filled with different filter
materials to effectively filter different pollution materials. Aiming at different pollution sources and
different pollution degrees, according to adjusting the class, quantity and combination way of the
module, the effect of purifying in high efficiency is achieved. Because the modular design is adopted,
the utility model shifts and combines corresponding filter units very conveniently. The structure is
compact, and the modular combination way is adopted to achieve the purifying in high efficiency
according to different water qualities; the cost is lower, so the utility model can be popularized to
families and other environment

The utility model relates to a straight-through ultraviolet sterilizer which belongs to the water treatment
field. The utility model is mainly characterized in that a tube body is a straight-through tube body, the
water inlet and the water outlet of which are in the same central axis, and a flange adopted in one of
the water inlet and the water outlet is provided with an anomalous novelty ring flange that can mount
a silica tube in the tube body and the end part of a ultraviolet lighting tube along the radial direction.
The overall structure of the utility model is simple and reasonable; the overall size of the sterilizer is
smaller, the water resistance is small, the mounting and maintenance is easy and convenient and the
working situation of the ultraviolet lighting tube can be observed at any time. The utility model is a
novel ultraviolet sterilize

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet sterilizer and a water treater provided with the ultraviolet
sterilizer. The ultraviolet sterilizer comprises an ultraviolet lighting tube and a retainer cup; the
ultraviolet lighting tube is fixed in the retainer cup; a helical deflector is fixed between the ultraviolet
lighting tube and the retainer cup to form a helical water channel. After the adoption of the structure in
the utility model, because of the helical deflector fixed between the ultraviolet lighting pipe and the
retainer cup, the water entering the ultraviolet sterilizer can flow out of the ultraviolet sterilizer only
through the helical water channel, thereby the time of the water being irradiated by the ultraviolet
radiation from the ultraviolet lighting tube can be effectively increased. Compared with the prior art,
the utility model has the advantages of long water sterilizing time, even and good sterilizing effec
The utility model relates to a water treatment plant for water supply or sewage disposal, at least
comprising a pure water container and a water quality conversion module. The utility model is
characterized in that the water supply conversion module is arranged at the bottom of the pure water
container cavity or outside the bottom of the pure water container; the wall of the pure water container
is not connected with floaters; the water quality conversion module is one of or the combination of a
tubular filter, a film separating component, an electrolysis disinfector and an ultraviolet disinfector; the
water outlet end of the water quality conversion module is communicated with the cavity of the pure
water container; the pure water container is a cylindrical plastic container. The utility model has the
advantages of low cost, convenient operation, quality-dividing water supply, flexible and wide water
quality adaptability, therefore the utility model is particularly applicable to the small-scale dispersed or
domestic drinking water treatment in the aspect of rural drinking water safety guarantee technolog

The utility model relates to an enhanced type ultraviolet sterilization water treatment device, which
comprises a water tank and an ultraviolet illuminating element positioned inside the water tank. A
water inlet port is arranged in the upper part of the water tank, a water outlet port is arranged in the
lower part of the water tank, a flat partitioning plate is arranged in the middle of the water tank and
used for dividing the inner part of the water tank into an upper water storage layer and a lower
sterilization layer, the flat partitioning plate has a hanging side and a fixing side abutting against the
side wall of the water tank, and the ultraviolet illuminating element is arranged in the sterilization layer.
The enhanced type ultraviolet sterilization water treatment device with such structure can take full
advantage of the ultraviolet illuminating element to conduct sterilization, so that the treated water
meets the quality standard of living drinking water; and the device is suitable for various types of water
dispensers with different specifications. In addition, the device provided by the utility model has the
advantages of simple and practical structure, simple and convenient operation, stable and high-
efficient working performance, wide application range and elegant appearance; and can ensure the
safety and sanitation of the drinking water, and bring convenience for people's lif

The utility model relates to a mobile water treatment equipment reaching the standard of drinking
water, wherein, a bag-type filter, a water pump, two serially connected sediment filter, an activated
carbon filter, a reverse osmosis membrane filter and an ultraviolet sterilizer are orderly connected
through a pipeline; an electronic inductive monitoring device is connected with the ultraviolet sterilizer;
the sediment filters are a polypropylene filter column with the filter pore diameter of 75-10 micron and
a polypropylene filter column with the filter pore diameter of 30-3 micron in turn; the activated carbon
filter is a ceramic activated carbon filter column with the pore diameter of 1-0.5 micron; the reverse
osmosis membrane filter is a reverse osmosis filter membrane with the pore diameter of 0.3 micron.
The utility model is reasonable in structure, high in treatment efficiency, capable of removing the
particles of 0.3 micron, low in disinfection cost and suitable for field applicatio

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet sterilization and cleaning device, which is characterized in
that the cleaning device made of filamentous material sleeved on a quartz glass pipe is fixed on a
support of cleaning ring connected with a drive unit. The utility model is a device which enables to be
immersed in water for ultraviolet sterilization in long time, and can guarantee the clean and qualified
transmittance of the outer wall of the quartz glass pipe no matter in winter or summer, and also
guarantee the hygienic requirement of water quality. The utility model has the advantages of simple
manufacture, convenient use and strong practicability. The utility model is used for water quality
treatment for water feeding, drainage and environmental pollutio

The utility model relates to nano silver application technology, in particular to a nano silver pipeline 1
drinking water machine which can output nano-silver solution and pure water. The utility model solves
the problem that the nano silver solution is not convenient to be prepared in hospitals, hotels,
restaurants, government departments and households, etc. at present; the nano-silver pipeline
drinking water machine comprises a built-in reverse osmosis filter and the reverse osmosis pipeline
drinking water machine of a water storage tank which is connected with the pure water outlet of the
reverse osmosis filter; the reverse osmosis pipeline drinking water machine is internally provided with
a nano silver solution generator which is connected with the water outlet of the water storage tank
through the pipeline and a nano silver solution liquid storage tank which is connected with the liquid
outlet of the nano silver solution generator; the shell of the reverse osmosis pipeline drinking water
machine is provided with the working switch of the nano silver solution generator, a liquid outlet which
is communicated with the nano silver solution storage tank through the pipeline and a control switch
which controls the liquid outlet. The utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable
structure, good application effect and providing more convenience and benefits for the daily life of
peopl
The utility model relates to a household water purifying device with ultraviolet sterilization and
multilevel filtration, and the device belongs to the water purifying equipment. The utility model is
composed of a casing body (1), and is characterized in that a primary filter (2), a secondary filter (3),
and an ultraviolet reactor (5) are installed in the casing body (1), wherein, the input end of the primary
filter (2) is connected with the tap water of the municipal water distribution network, the output end is
connected with the input end of the secondary filter (3) through a water pipe, the output end of the
secondary filter (3) is connected with the output end of the ultraviolet reactor (5) through a water pipe,
and the output end of the ultraviolet reactor (5) is connected with a water outlet opening (4) through a
water pipe. The utility model solves the problems existing in the prior RO membrane water purifying
device that the cost is high, the water purifying rate and the water output rate are low, and the waste is
serious. The utility model has the advantages that the structure is simple, and the purifying rate and
the water output rate are both hig

The utility model discloses a special-purpose filter element of a household water treatment processor, 1
which comprises a casing body with a cavity body, an opening is arranged on the central position of
the upper end surface, a discharge pipe is extended to the lower end surface of the casing body from
the opening, and a nylon screen plate assemblage is arranged in the casing body, wherein the nylon
screen plate comprises an upper nylon screen plate, a lower nylon screen plate and a middle nylon
screen plate, a center tube is sleeved on the lateral side of the discharge pipe, the cavity body is
divided into a chamber I and a chamber II by the center tube, the upper and the lower nylon screen
plates, the middle nylon screen plate is arranged in the center tube, and a chamber III is formed by
the middle nylon screen plate, the upper nylon screen plate and the inner wall of the center tube. HTN
nano water purification material is placed in the chamber III. The utility model has the advantages of
long time water treatment and filter material touch, high water purification efficiency and unobstructed
gas exhaustin

The utility model relates to an atmospheric water generator and belongs to the technology field of 1
water-generating equipment. The utility model is characterized in that the inside of the enclosure and
an air inlet are connected and provided with an antibacterial filter, a water-gathering device, an
ultraviolet disinfecting device, a water filtering and purifying device and a water tank in sequence. The
outlet of the water tank is matched and connected with a cold-water tap and a hot-water tap arranged
outside the enclosure respectively and a heater is arranged between the water tank and the hot-water
tap. The atmospheric water generator has simple and reasonable structure and is convenient to be
operated. The utility model can convert the vapor in the air into drinking water just by plugging into the
electricity without any external water source. An air filtering net connected and arranged on the
atmospheric water generator can sterilize, dedust and obstruct the hazardous substances in the air
effectively and convert the air into a dry and comfortable environment by utilizing an ultra-effective
dehumidification function. The ultraviolet disinfector can filter and wipe out viruses and bacteria. The
water filtering and purifying device can filter impurities and remove the odor to guarantee the quality of
drinking wate

The utility model discloses a double-membrane water treatment technique device, which substantially
comprises a box body, a biological membrane filter layer, a membrane module, a water outlet pump
and an ultraviolet disinfection instrument and the like, wherein a reverse grain filtering apparatus is
assembled by a plurality of porous filter materials which are zeolite, ceramisites, coke and activated
carbon and the like of the biological membrane filter layer according to different grain diameter and
different proportion, the reverse grain filtering apparatus is used to strengthen the physical sewage
interception ability of the filter layer, suspended filths and organic pollutants in raw water are greatly
reduced through the physical sewage interception and the biological adsorption neutralizing of the
biological membrane filter layer, thereby effectively controlling the pollution of the membrane module,
preventing membrane pore plugging, maintaining steady membrane flux, prolonging running period
and reducing operation cost. Water which is treated by the membrane is pumped to the ultraviolet
disinfection instrument to disinfect and sterilize from a water pump, the clear water which is
disinfected is capable of being discharged or recycled. The double-membrane water treatment
technique device is suitable for the purification treatment of drinking water and the treatment of
municipal wastewater and hospital wastewate
The utility model relates to a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier without wastewater. The filter 1
core of polypropylene cotton is communicated with a booster pump through a first pipeline; the
booster pump is communicated with a front activated carbon filter core through a second pipeline; the
front filter core is communicated with a filter core of reverse osmosis membrane through a third
pipeline; the dense water outlet of the filter core of reverse osmosis membrane is communicated with
a wastewater discharge pipe, and the pure water outlet is communicated with the water inlet of a back
activated carbon filter core; the back filter core is communicated with a pure water discharge pipe; a
backwater device is arranged between the wastewater discharge pipe and the first pipe; a bypass
device is arranged between the first pipe and the second pipe; the backwater device consists of a first
backwater pipe, a second backwater pipe, a stabilized pressure pump and a flow limiting valve; and
the bypass device consists of a bypass pipe and a single-way valve. The backwater device can
recycle the wastewater; the bypass device can rinse the filter core of reverse osmosis membrane so
as to prolong the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane. Thus the purifier can save water
while ensuring the quality of pure wate

The utility model relates to the water treatment field, more particularly aims at solving the problems of 1
a household reverse osmosis water purification machine: 1. the household reverse osmosis water
purification machine can manufacture a small quantity of drinking pure water only and can not
manufacture clear water, the tap water that suffers twice pollution and contains residual chlorine is
used for washing vegetables and cooking; 2. the pure water is not beneficial to health when drinking
for a long period because the mineral matter in the manufactured pure water is removed completely;
3. 3 to 5 cups of concentrated water can be discharged when one cup of pure water is manufactured,
thereby causing the serious waste and the disadvantages of the tap water. The aim of the utility model
is realized by changing a pretreatment system of the reverse osmosis water purification machine into
a water purifier that can manufacture eligible pure water; but the core of the utility model is that the
original PP cotton fine-filtration filtering unit is replaced by a micro-filtration filtering unit that can be
reacted during the us

The utility model provides a hot water fountain with a sterilizing device, comprising a water fountain
body, wherein a sterilizing chamber is arranged beside the water fountain body; the internal top of the
sterilizing chamber is provided with an ultraviolet lamp and at least two layers of placing racks; the
internal lower part of the sterilizing chamber is provided with an electric hot plate. When the ultraviolet
lamp and the electric hot plate are turned on at the same time, one side of a drinking water cup
placed on one placing rack is dried under the high temperature of the electric hot plate, while the
other side is sterilized under the irradiation of the ultraviolet ray of the ultraviolet lamp; the two
measures can effectively carry out sterilization of the drinking water cup and ensure that the
repeatedly used drinking water cup is clean and pollution-free, thereby eliminating the worries of
people during using the drinking water cup. The sterilizing device, which increases the additional
function of the hot water fountain, not only provides a drinking water cup according with the
environmental-protection and material-saving conception, but also keeps the drinking water cup
clean; therefore, the drinking water cup can be used repeatedly under sterility conditio

The utility model relates to an integrated membrane filter and a filtering system for waste water 1
treatment. Raw water is introduced into the integrated membrane filter after pre-treatment. The
integrated membrane filter comprises an immersion type hollow fiber membrane component, an upper
orifice plate, a lower orifice plate, a water inlet pipe, a water producing pipe and an air inlet pipe, etc.
The membrane component is a cylindrical or curtain type membrane component without shell, the
lower part of the membrane component is installed inside a groove or pool of the membrane filter via
a skirt support and the lower orifice plate, and the purified water is pumped out via a water pump. The
membrane filter in the utility model omits many complex pipeline systems, resulting in small
equipment floor area and simple structure, and the membrane filter is provided with an automatic
backwashing device, an aeration device and a washing device, resulting in high-efficient treatment
performance and automatic membrane maintenance and washing function. The system has stable
filtering performance and lower energy consumption and reduced cost of unit water treatment, and
improves the economical and practical performance of application of this technique in water treatment
industry. The membrane filter in the utility model can be used in water purification, waste water
treatment, seawater desalination, reverse osmosis pretreatment, and other field
The utility model discloses a water treating device, which comprises a raw water tank. The raw water 1
tank is connected with a filtering device which orderly comprises a laminated filter and an ultrafiltration
membrane filter. The ultrafiltration membrane filter is connected with an air compressor, and a water
storage cushioning device is arranged between the ultrafiltration membrane filter and the air
compressor. The water storage cushioning device adopts an ultrafiltration membrane hollow shell,
and the air compressor is connected with a control box which is provided with a recording meter
without paper as well as a digital display consumption meter. The water treating device not only
leaves out a water storage cleaning box and a cleaning pump, decreases the volume of the water
treating device, but also adopts compressed air as the power to carry out the backwash, thereby
greatly reducing the energy consumptio

The utility model relates to and provides a lamp group device of an ultraviolet water treatment
disinfection system, which comprises a hollow vent pipe. One end of the hollow vent pipe with an
elbow is connected with and penetrates through a pontoon, while the other end of the hollow vent
pipe is connected with a sealing box. One end of a vertical quartz glass casing is connected with the
pontoon while the other end of the quartz glass casing is inserted into and is connected with the
sealing box; an ultraviolet lamp is put in the quartz glass casing; a bottom end of the quartz glass
casing is put on an insulating pad; the pontoon is provided with air holes. When the device works, as
the ultraviolet lamp generates heat, the air between the ultraviolet lamp and the quartz glass casing
can move upwardly, thus leading the air in the device to enter the sealing box from the elbow of the
hollow vent pipe and reach the pontoon through the ultraviolet lamp and the quartz glass casing and
then is discharged from the air holes. Therefore, the flowing air can cool the device and take the
leaked water out from the sealing box in the form of steam, thus reaching the aim of the long-term
waterproof work of the devic

The utility model relates to and provides a strip lamp turbulent current scale removal mechanism of an
ultraviolet water-treatment and disinfecting system, which comprises an upper frame, a quartz glass
sleeving, an ultraviolet strip lamp, a turbulent current generating bar, and a lower seal chamber. The
strip lamp turbulent current scale removal mechanism is characterized in that one end of the turbulent
current generating bar is connected with the upper frame and the other end is connected with the
lower seal chamber. The quartz glass sleeving is arranged under the water flow of the turbulent
current generating bar, one end of the quartz glass sleeving is connected with the upper frame and
the other end is inserted and connected with the lower seal chamber. The ultraviolet strip lamp is
inserted into the quartz glass sleeving. The turbulent current is generated round the quartz glass
sleeving by the turbulent current generating bar when water flows, the turbulent current can wash out
the dirt accreting on the quartz glass sleeving completely, thereby achieving the purposes of turbulent
current and dirt remova

The utility model discloses pipeline direct drinking water treatment equipment, which comprises a
multi-layer medium filter, an ozone generator, an ozone mixing pump, an ozone reaction tower, an
IBAC tank, a multi-stage film filter, a water storage tank and an ultraviolet ray sterilizer. A tapping pipe
is connected with the multi-layer medium filter through an electromagnetic valve, the multi-layer
medium filter is connected with the ozone mixing pump, the ozone generator is connected with the
ozone mixing pump which is connected with the ozone reaction tower, the ozone reaction tower is
connected with the IBAC tank, the IBAC tank is connected with the water inlet opening of the multi-
layer medium filter, the multi-layer medium filter is connected with the water storage tank, the water
storage tank is connected with ultraviolet ray sterilizer, and the ultraviolet ray sterilizer is connected
with a community pipe network through a variable frequency pump. The pipeline direct drinking water
treatment equipment can selectively and effectively remove the organic pollutant and the noxious
substances such as the iron, the manganese, the arsenic, the cadmium, the mercury, etc., has the
highly effective, stable and long-term purification effect, and belongs to the low cost water saving type
equipment, and the water yield ratio reaches up to 98 percent, the requirements of different consumer
groups can be met; through a plurality of disinfection, the water is fresh, pure and healthful; the
operation is convenient and fas

The utility model relates to a water purifier, which comprises a case, an inter compression-type 1
ultrafiltration membrane, an outer compression-type ultrafiltration membrane, a middle filter element,
a plurality of filter elements and a top cover. The water purifier is characterized in that the filter
element of the inter compression-type ultrafiltration membrane is arranged inside the case; the middle
filter element is arranged inside the inter compression-type ultrafiltration membrane; the filter element
of the outer compression-type ultrafiltration membrane is arranged on the middle filter element; the
top cover is connected to the upper end of the case. The water purifier has the advantages of good
filtering efficiency, non-existence of dead corners for filtering, simple structure and easy replacement
of filter element
The utility model relates to a faucet supplying water according to the quality of water, comprising of a 1
case body, the inner part of which is provided with an ultra filtration membrane for purifying the
running water, the ultra filtration membrane divides an inside cavity of the case body into a purified
water cavity and a running water cavity; the lower end of the case body is provided with an inlet pipe;
the upper end of the case body is respectively provided with a purified water outlet pipe and a running
water outlet pipe, the common end of which is provided with a switch. The inner part of the case body
is provided with the ultra filtration membrane and the unique design to provide respectively purified
water and running water through the switch, while using the running water, various kinds of pollutants
trapped at the outer wall and the shallow layer of the ultra filtration membrane can be automatically
and thoroughly cleaned in the process of purifying water, at the same time, because the artificial
disassembly or installation is not needed during automatic cleaning, the damage of the ultra filtration
membrane is avoided because of the anthropic factor and the phenomenon that original purified water
quality and filtration precision are reduced after cleaning, thereby automatic cleaning can be achieved
and the purified water quality and the filtration precision before cleaning can be maintaine

The utility model discloses a modified refined diatom earth film type ultrafilter, which is mainly 1
composed of a tank body and a refined diatom earth filtering thin film inside the tank body. An upper
sealing head and a lower sealing head are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end
of the tank body, a sewage chamber is formed at the upper part of the tank body, an ultrafiltration
chamber is formed in the middle of the tank body, a clean water chamber is formed at the lower part
of the tank body, a sewage inlet opening is arranged at the top of the upper sealing head, a plurality of
groups of filtering thin films are arranged inside the ultrafiltration chamber, a sewage drainage pipeline
is arranged at one side of the bottom of the ultrafiltration chamber, and a clean water pipeline is
arranged at the bottom of the lower sealing head. The design of the sewage treatment equipment
meets the characteristics of the refined diatom earth completely, thereby the ultrafiltration
performance can be exerted completely, and the modified refined diatom earth film type ultrafilter has
the advantages of large flow quantity, high filtering precision, wide application range, strong versatility,
low investment and operating cost of equipment, et

The utility model relates to the technical field of barrier separation and water treatment, in particular to
an electromechanical all-in-one reverse osmosis water conditioner which can automatically perform
cleanout. The reverse osmosis water conditioner comprises a supercharge pump, a hyperfiltration, an
active carbon colander, an ultrafilter, a high voltage pump, a reverse osmosis, an ultraviolet radiation
disinfecting apparatus, a microprocessor and periphery apparatus and a control panel, wherein, the
hyperfiltration, the active carbon colander, the ultrafilter, the reverse osmosis, the ultraviolet radiation
disinfecting apparatus and a water outlet for purified water are connected in sequence; the
supercharge pump is connected with the hyperfiltration through an electromagnetic valve which is
connected with a hyperfiltration water inlet; the high voltage pump is arranged between the water
outlet of the ultrafilter and the water inlet of the reverse osmosis; the hyperfiltration, the ultrafilter and
the reverse osmosis are respectively connected to a concentrated water outlet through different
electromagnetic valves; the microprocessor is used for controlling the on-off of each electromagnetic
valve and is used for the running and stopping of the supercharge pump and the high voltage pump.
The reverse osmosis water conditioner provided by the utility model has the advantages of
automatization, intelligentization and continuous productio

The utility model relates to a pure water germfree purifier, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a water
outlet pipe and a filter connected between the water inlet and the water outlet. The pure water
germfree purifier is characterized in that an electromagnetic valve, a water pump, a reverse osmosis
membrane assembly, an ultraviolet radiation sterilizer assembly and a postpositive active carbon
assembly are connected between the filter and the water outlet pipe in sequence through a pipeline;
the reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises a shell and a reverse osmosis membrane
arranged in the shell; the rear end of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is connected with
waste water ration and a waste water discharge switch. A water storage barrel is connected between
the reverse osmosis membrane assembly and the ultraviolet radiation sterilizer assembly through a
tee joint T connector. The rear part of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is connected with a
non return valve. After adopting the technical proposal, the purification and sterilization of water used
for eutelegenesis can be centralized in one device, thereby greatly reducing the volume, realizing
fully-automatic unattended operation, and being convenient to be generalized and used in culture
farm
The utility model relates to a preparation device of multifunctional active water. The preparation device 1
comprises an ultra filter, a steam generator, a synthesizing tank and a holding vessel, all of which are
connected in sequence, and a sub-package production line is connected with the tail end of the
device. A charging device is arranged on the synthesizing tank, and an impulse generator is
connected among the synthesizing tank, and the synthesizing tank and the holding vessel. The
harmful matters to human bodies in the water generated by the preparation device are removed, and
different beneficial elements can be supplemented according to the health conditions of different
crowds. The preparation device can ensure that the water molecule group is cracked, therefore, the
small molecule water is generated, and the energy is endued, to ensure that the soma can be
absorbed quickly, the metabolism is promoted, the micro cycle is improved, and the small molecule
water is novel health preserving wate

The utility model discloses a filter device based on a refined diatomite fiber ball ultra-filter, which 1
relates to a filter device. The filter device comprises a pot body (1), an agitation mechanism (2), a
conical cap dividing head (3), a backwash water outlet (4), a fiber ball (5), a refined diatomite filter
disk (6), and zeolite (7), a fluid outlet (8) and a support tubular steel frame (9). The fiber ball (5) is a
Tencel semi-permeable membrane fiber filter medium, and the refined diatomite filter disk (6) is a
ceramic filter disk formed by compressing and calcining refined diatomite. The filter procedures
include mixing, filtering and cleaning. The filter device based on a refined diatomite fiber ball ultra-filter
has high filter accuracy, high automatic degree, is environment-friendly without secondary pollution,
and has low investment and operation cost, which can be applied to not only municipal sewage
treatment and recycle, but oil field oily sewage treatment and recycle and pre-treatment of sea water
desalinizatio

A drinking water reverse osmosis membrane filter element also comprises a reverse osmosis 1
membrane core, a hollow supporting stick provided with a plurality of radial holes and closed at the
upper end and opened at the lower end; an outside seat, a clamping support, a retainer ring, an outer
ring interface, an internal duct and a central duct are arranged on the enclosing cover; the clamping
support is communicated with the central duct by an apopore; a water inlet hole is arranged on the
enclosing cover arranged between the clamping support and the retainer ring; the outside seat is
ultrasonically welded with a shell; the upper end of the supporting stick is cooperated with a fixing
hole arranged at the bottom of the shell and the lower end of the supporting stick is fixedly connected
with the clamping support to reach liquid packing; the reverse osmosis membrane core is sheathed
on and fixedly connected with the supporting stick and the lower end of the reverse osmosis
membrane core is sealed with the retainer ring in a liquid way; a waste water discharge orifice
communicated with the enclosing cover between the external ring interface and the internal duct is
arranged on the enclosing cover between the outside seat and the retainer ring. By adopting of the
structure, compared with the prior art, the pipe connection outside the shell is not taken into
consideration, and all water inlet and water outlet holes are concentrated on the enclosing cover, thus
simplifying the structure. Therefore, the reverse osmosis membrane filter element not only has simple
structure but also has convenient installatio

The utility model relates to a water purifier; an ultrafiltration hollow fiber-membrane filtering core is 1
arranged inside a water purifier shell; the water purifier shell is made of the plate or the pipe with the
thickness of 0.5 mm to 5 mm; the water purifier shell comprises a cylinder and at least one end cover,
wherein, the cylinder is connected with the end cover in a sealing way. A roll is arranged at the
junction of the end cover, and a fixed stage is arranged on the cylinder; an obturating ring is arranged
between the roll of the end cover and the fixed stage of the cylinder through an obturating-ring
installation part; a tightening ring is provided with a locking part that is used for locking the roll, and
the fixed stage and the tightening ring are provided with threads that are matched with each other.
Since the purifier is assembled through the roll and the tightening ring on the end cover and the fixed
stage on the cylinder, the purifier is very convenient to be assembled and disassembled only by
releasing or screwing up the tightening ring. Moreover, the obturating ring can reliably seal the
cylinder and the end cove
The utility model relates to a high-efficiency sterilization device that is used for water treatment. The
high-efficiency sterilization device comprises a shell that is provided with a lower inlet, an upper inlet
and a bottom inlet; an ultraviolet lamp and a load type photocatalyst sheet of nano titanium dioxide
are respectively arranged in the shell; a bottom fixing frame is also arranged in the shell; the
ultraviolet lamp and the load type photocatalyst sheet of nano titanium dioxide are respectively
arranged on the bottom fixing frame; a DC power supply is arranged surrounding and corresponding
to the ultraviolet lamp and the load type photocatalyst sheet of nano titanium dioxide. The sterilization
device integrates the photocatalytic oxidation, electrochemical oxidation and other in-depth treatment
methods of waste water, has the characteristics of high-efficiency sterilization with a spectrum, and is
suitable for the sterilization of the sewage of the oil field, the urban sewage, the medical sewage and
so o

The utility model relates to a pure water mineralization machine without waste water, comprising an 1
intake pipe, an outlet pipe and a prepositive filter which is arranged between the intake pipe and the
outlet pipe. The utility model is characterized in that a low voltage switch, a water pump, a reverse
osmosis membrane assembly and a postpositive multiple micro-mineral spring device are connected
orderly by a pipeline between the prepositive filter and the outlet pipe. The back end of the reverse
osmosis membrane assembly is connected with a pure water machine and a storage barrel which is
shared by pure water and waste water. The storage barrel shared by pure water and waste water is
connected with a non-return valve. By adopting the technical proposal, the purification and
mineralization of drinking water can be completed within one machine. The pure water mineralization
machine greatly reduces the volume of the machine, does not discharge waste water any more,
realizes full automatic unattended operation, and is convenient to be widely used at hom

The utility model relates to an automatic cleaning type liquid-solid separation filtering machine. A 1
worm screw and rotating blades of the large scroll wheel of a rotary knife are driven by an electric
motor through a decelerator to rotate to cut a film body. The rotating blades of the large scroll wheel of
the rotary knife are arranged in a box body and are designed in a tapered way from top to bottom, tilt
angles with 3 to 5 degrees are formed between the edges of the rotating blades and the parallel line
of the worm screw, a top knife is respectively embedded at the outer ends of the openings with largest
diameter on the rotating blades, and wall knives are arranged at the outer edges of the other rotating
blades. The box body is arranged on a speed changer, and a sewage inlet is arranged at the upper
part of the box body; inorganic broad spectrum micro filter films adopt semi-circular arc shapes and
are tightly buckled on the periphery of the large scroll wheel of the rotary knife with pairwise
opposition, and a clean water outlet and a slag discharging opening are arranged at the lower part of
the box body. The inorganic broad spectrum micro filter films present the semi-circular arc cylinder
shapes and the wall thickness thereof is 1 to 4 cm, the inside diameters of the film bodies are equal to
the diameters of the smallest rotating blades, and the outside diameters of the film bodies are larger
than the diameters of the largest rotating blade

A directly-drinking type nano filter membrane device used for life drinking water mainly comprises an 1
inner cylinder provided with a nano filter membrane inside, and the outer side of the inner cylinder is
an outer cylinder with a split structure including an upper and a lower sections. The directly-drinking
type nano filter membrane device is characterized in that the bottom of the lower section outer
cylinder is provided with a tap water inlet pipe, the top part of the upper section outer cylinder is
provided with a water discharge pipe, and the lateral upper part of the upper section outer cylinder is
provided with a purified water outlet pipe; the bottom of the upper section outer cylinder and the top
part of the lower section outer cylinder are respectively provided with an extended turned-over edge;
the curved surfaces of the two extended turned-over edges are respectively provided with a U-shaped
groove; a Phi-shaped rubber O ring is arranged between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper
section outer cylinder is connected and locked with the lower section outer cylinder through anchor
ears on the extended turned-over edges. Compared with the prior art, the directly-drinking type nano
filter membrane device has compact structure and small occupied space, and further improves the
sealability; the air exists between the inner and the outer cylinders flows out of the water discharge
pipe along with the purified water, thereby preventing bacterial in the air from adding up to influence
the water quality, and the device does not need contraflow and rush current after running for a long
tim
The utility model relates to a household water-saving control device, which comprises a magnetic 1
floating head device (2) which is mounted in a toilet bowl water tank (1), wherein a tap water inlet pipe
(3) and a post-treatment waste water inlet pipe (10) are mounted on the toilet bowl water tank (1),
sensors (4) are mounted on the upper portion and the lower portion out of the toilet bowl water tank
(1) which is corresponding with the floating head device (2), the sensors (4) are connected with a
micro processor (5), and the micro processor (5) is also connected with a motor water pump (6), and
one end of the motor water pump (6) is connected with the waste water inlet pipe (10) of the toilet
bowl water tank (1), and the other end is connected with a waste water gatherer (7), and the inner
surface of the waste water gatherer (7) is coated with deodorant coating material, water purification
stone filtering padding is filled in the waste water gatherer (7), and the micro processor (5) is
connected with an electromagnetic switch of the tap water inlet pipe (3) of the toilet bowl water tank
(1). The utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, small occupation area, much water
storage, excellent water quality and convenient employment, which greatly improves the utilization
ratio of secondary water, and reaches the purpose of saving resource and protecting environmen

The utility model relates to a device used for preparing water for making tea, which comprises a 1
casing, a circuitry system and a filtering system. The device is characterized in that the filtering
system through which the tap water flow is respectively connected with the following filter elements in
sequence through pipelines, namely, a first filter element: polypropylene cotton; a second filter
element: activated carbon; a third filter element: activated carbon and sintered carbon; an RO
membrane device; a fourth filter element: nutrition mineralization ball and magnetic energy
mineralization activation ceramic, as well as alkali stone and activated carbon; a fifth filter element:
activated carbon; a sixth filter element: activated carbon and sintered carbon and high-purity
copper/zinc-alloy particles; a seventh filter element: ultra filtration membrane. The device makes up
the regret that the nature spring water quality is degraded because of the commonly existing
environmental pollution, and tea enthusiasts can not find the ideal water for making tea; the water
treated by the device is consistent with the nature activated water on the aspects of cleanness, weak
alkali and active form, and also can be drunk directl

The utility model provides an ultraviolet sterilizer in a water processing system, which comprises a
lighttight outer shell [3,5] with an inlet and an outlet, and an inner container which takes a quartz tube
[1] as the outer shell, wherein the inner container outer shell is connected with the outer shell in a
sealing mode, an ultraviolet lamp tube [2] is installed in the inner container, wherein through holes [4]
which surround the inner container are arranged on the outer shell, the through holes are sealed
through transparent plastic, and the height of the through holes is 2 to 4mm. The through holes which
surround the inner container with tiny height are arranged on the outer shell, which enables a visible
part which is sent by an ultraviolet lamp to be sensed by people through the through holes, but
outside light can not rip into due to the angle relationship. Compared with the prior art, people can
observe whether the ultraviolet lamp inside works normally or not from each position around the
sterilizer to guarantee that water current which needs sterilizing can not pass through the sterilizer
under the condition that the ultraviolet lamp fails, and the ultraviolet sterilizer still can guarantee that
the outside light can not affect the inner environmen

The utility model relates to a household hyper-energy super-power combined type water clarifier used 1
in countryside. The water clarifier comprises a hyperfiltration device, an active carbon filter layer, a far
infrared mineralization ball filter layer and a medical stone mineralization layer, as well as a precision
filter. An enclosed container of the precision filter is provided with a ring-shaped clapboard; the central
hole of the clapboard is fixed with a filter element composed of a filter element shell and a filter layer;
the arc-shaped top and bottom of the filter element shell are provided with water holes; the far infrared
mineralization ball filter layer, the medical stone mineralization layer, the active carbon filter layer, a
granular magnet filter layer, an ultra-filter film filter element and a positive ion exchange resin filter
layer are orderly arranged in the filter element shell from the top to the bottom; the upper part of the
container is provided with a water inlet, and the lower part is provided with a water outlet; the water
outlet of the precision filter (5) is communicated with the water inlet of the hyperfiltration device (6).
The household super-power combined type water clarifier is economical and practical, and can
provide qualified and healthy living water for families in the countrysid
The utility model relates to a double band ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamp, which comprises a lamp
tube, wherein, lamp holders are arranged at both ends of the lamp tube, inert gas and a small quantity
of hydrargyrum are filled in the lamp tube, and the lamp tube is formed through abutting jointing
quartz glass with two translucidus bands of an ozone-less quartz glass tube of 253.7 nm and a high
ozone quartz glass tube of 185 nm. The lamp tube adopts a straight shape, an H shape, a U shape or
a looped shape. Two advantages of the ultraviolet lamp of 253.7 nm and the ultraviolet lamp of 185
nm are organically combined to make up for deficiencies of others, thereby achieving the performance
that two functions are combined in one lamp. The sterilizing lamp not only generates super strength
quick ultraviolet ray sterilization band of 253.7 nm, but also ensures the ultraviolet ray of 185 nm to
generate low ozone sterilization and purification band simultaneously; the low ozone can be quickly
and reductively decomposed into negative oxygen ion to deodorize foreign flavors, thus the limitation
of one single product is avoided. The sterilizing lamp can be used for air conditioners of trains and
motor vehicles, to solve the problems of sterilization and purification existing in the environment of
high population density, and can be widely used in central and household air conditioners as well as
water treatment device

The utility model relates to a special water purifier of a baffling type drinking water machine, which 1
comprises an upper cover, an upper bucket and a lower bucket, wherein, a float-controlled valve or a
ball float valve which can control the water level in a drinking water machine water skip is arranged at
the bottom of the lower bucket, an upper filter core is arranged above the bottom of the upper bucket,
an exhaust pipe is arranged on the upper filter core, a lower filter core is arranged below the bottom of
the upper bucket, a baffling type filter core is connected to the bottom of the lower filter core, the
baffling type filter core comprises a bottom-enclosed casing body, a lower net plate is arranged at the
lower part in the casing body, an upper net plate is arranged at the upper part in the casing body, and
granular filter material is filled between the upper net plate and the lower net plate. The special water
purifier has the advantages that firstly, the exhaust effect of the filter core is reliable, and the gas in the
baffling type filter core is only required to be exhausted at the first startup, thus the water output of the
water purifier is reliable; secondly, the water filtration power of the water purifier is sufficient, and
micro-porous ceramics with high filtering precision can be adopted by the lower filter core to enhance
the filtration effect; thirdly, the water flow is purified repeatedly through the upper filter core, the lower
filter core and the baffling type filter core, thereby the output water quality is easier to be guarantee

The utility model relates to a water purifying machine with a sewage draining device. A filtering core 1
installed in the inner cavity of the filter thereof adopts a filtering core with hollow fiber ultra filtration
membrane, the water inlet of the filter is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow fiber of the
filtering core with the hollow fiber ultra filtration membrane, a sewage draining hole connected with the
inner cavity of the hollow fiber is arranged on the casing body of the filter, a sewage draining
connector is arranged on the sewage draining hole, the enclosed cavity formed by the outer wall of
the hollow fiber of the filter core and the inner wall of the casing body of the filter serves as a water
purifying cavity, the water purifying cavity is communicated with the water outlet of the filter, and the
water outlet of the filter is communicated with the purified water outlet. The water purifying machine is
a water purifying machine which has the advantages that the filtering accuracy is high, the quality of
water is good, the water quantity is large, the sewage can be automatically drained, the dirty and
blocking phenomenon can not be caused, the service life of the filtering core is long, and both the
energy and the water are save

The utility model relates to a water purification and disinfection device which comprises a casing body,
a water tank which is arranged at the inner part of the casing body and can be irradiated by ultraviolet
rays, water inlet and outlet pipes of the water tank, a gate valve arranged on the water inlet pipe, a
high transmitting ultraviolet glass pipe corresponding to the position of the water tank, an ultraviolet
lamp tube inside the high transmitting ultraviolet glass pipe, a gas pump for supplying gas to the high
transmitting ultraviolet glass pipe and a communicating pipe communicating the high transmittance
ultraviolet glass pipe and the water tank. The utility model has the advantages that the device not only
can well sterilize, but also can purify the water body, and no chemical residue appear
The utility model relates to a miniature water purifying device for purifying water in the natural 1
environment, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art that a sintered diatomaceous earth filter
cartridge can be pasted by wads so as to lose the filtering function, and the wads can enter the micro
pores of the sintered diatomaceous earth filter cartridge and can not be cleaned, thereby bringing big
trouble to a user and greatly increasing using cost. The technical points are as follows: the miniature
water purifying device comprises a base, a natural environment water tank, a purification water tank, a
sintered diatomaceous earth filter cartridge and a water outlet valve, wherein the purification water
tank is arranged on the base; the natural environment water tank is arranged on the purification water
tank; the sintered diatomaceous earth filter cartridge is arranged on a passage of the natural
environment water tank to the purification water tank; and the water outlet valve is arranged on the
wall of the purification water tank. The miniature water purifying device is characterized in that a layer
of sands for covering the sintered diatomaceous earth filter cartridge is laid in the natural environment
water tank; the sands can be spherical rare earth ceramic sands with particle size ranging from
0.25mm to 1.25mm; and the laying thickness of the sand layer can be 10mm higher than the sintered
diatomaceous earth filter cartridg

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection device, in particular to a 1
multi-functional integrated water purification device. The device consists of a mixing chamber, a first
flocculation chamber (comprising a first micro-vortex plate), a second flocculation chamber
(comprising a second micro-vortex plate), a separation zone, a filtration zone wave source chamber, a
water collection tank, an back washing waterspout, and the like. The device has a cylindrical overall
shape, the upper part is column shape, the lower part is cone shape, and the protective structure of
the overall device is made of steel; wherein, the mixing chamber is provided with a nozzle and a jet
tube with double rotating curved surfaces; the first flocculation chamber is connected fixedly with the
upper part of the jet tube; the second flocculation chamber is arranged outside the first flocculation
chamber; the separation zone is arranged outside the second flocculation chamber, wherein, a sloped
tube is arranged in the separation zone; the filtration zone and the wave source chamber are
arranged outside the cylindrical body. A fiber plain is arranged in the filtration zone, and a wave source
device is arranged in the wave source chamber. The utility model has the functions of flocculation,
sedimentation and filtration, and is capable of performing back washing of the filter material in the
filtration zone, and ensures long-term, safe, stable and highly efficient operation of the device, and is
applicable to water treatment, sewage treatment for recycling, and the lik

The utility model relates to a filtering apparatus of a water purifying plant, which comprises a filter 1
shell main body, a joint of an inlet branch spliced on the filter shell main body and a filter element
arranged in the filter shell main body. A supporting station is arranged on the filter shell main body in
the filtering apparatus and is adapted with the outside diameter of the joint. The supporting station
plays a supporting role for the joint so as to avoid the conditions of disjunction or damage and leakage
at the bending part or central position of the joint. A choke plug is arranged in the shell main body,
wherein, one end of the choke plug is spliced at the water outlet end of the filter element, and the
other end is spliced in a conducting hole for connecting the filter shell main body and the joint. The
additional arrangement of the choke plug further ensures the sealing performance of the filtering
apparatus, and avoids the occurrence of condition that part of water source seeps to a gap between
the filter shell main body and the filter element to be directly guided out from the water outlet of the
filtering apparatus and to influence the water purifying quality of the water purifying plan

A self-sucking water purifying machine relates to the technical field of no pressure raw water purifying 1
filter, which comprises a large particle pre-filter, a precision filter, a reverse osmosis membrane filter,
two activated carbon filters and a water storage bucket. A group of micro separating membrane
pumps is connected between the large particle pre-filter and the precision filter. The activated carbon
filters are respectively connected to the inlet and the filter outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane
filter, wherein the inlet of one activated carbon filter is connected to the filter outlet of the precision
filter, and the inlet of the water storage bucket is connected to the filter outlet of the other activated
carbon filter. The utility model can carry out the filtering and degerming on low pressure or no
pressure raw water to produce pure water without bacillus and hazardous substances and has the
advantages of small power consumption, low noise, little vibration, long service life and reliable
operating quality, thereby being able to be used in some low pressure districts and watercrafts in
rivers or lake
The utility model relates to an open type comprehensive treatment device of cooling circulating water, 1
which is an integrated device by optimizing, combining and integrating devices capable of removing
suspended substances and particles and preventing a heat exchanger from scaling, corroding and
breeding bacteria and algae and is mainly composed of three treatment units, namely a desanding
module, a filter module and a descaling sterilizing module. A swirl separating module is used for
removing micro solid substances in the circulating water, such as gravel, sludge, calcium carbonate,
and the like which have larger density than the water; the filter module removes great-particle
impurities in the water, such as the suspended substances, and the like, and the descaling sterilizing
module has the functions of decontamination, sterilization and corrosion prevention. The
comprehensive water treatment device by a pure physical method uses the descaling sterilizing
module based on electrochemical techniques as a core part, however, a traditional circulating water
treatment device corresponds to one water treatment technique by one device, only removes single
substances, and thus has loose device structure, various separately arranged treatment units, floor
area increase and user investment cost increase. The utility model overcomes pollution on
environment by a chemical water treatment metho

A water filter (1) comprises a raw water container (30) used for holding water to be filtered, a water 1
outlet, a filtering component, and a placement surface (5) used for placing a clean water container
(34). The filtering component is arranged in a manner that the water to be filtered flows through the
filtering component when flowing to the water outlet. The water filter (1) is remarkably characterized in
that the raw water container (30) is placed at the height larger than the height of the water container
(34); the placement surface (5) is the upper surface of a support leg (2); the raw water container (30)
is fixed to a support (3) on the support leg (2) and connected with the support leg (2) in a manner that
the height can be adjusted; the placement surface (5) is equipped with a plurality of fixing pieces (6, 6'
and 6'') which protrude upwards from the placement surface and are used for enclosing the bottom
part (35) of the container (34); and in order to adapt to the diameter of the bottom part (35) of the
container (34), the distances from at least one fixing piece of the fixing pieces to other fixing pieces or
the other fixing piece (6, 6' and 6'') can be adjuste

The utility model relates to a central water cleaner for mineral spring bathing which comprises a 1
central water cleaner and a multi-micro nutria nutritional mineral spring device. The central water
cleaner comprises a multi-way control valve, upper and lower water distributors connected with the
multi-way valve, and various filter materials in a filter vat. The multi-way control valve comprises a
water inlet and a water outlet respectively connected with a tap water pipeline; blocked impurities are
subjected to back flushing through a rotating device on the multi-way valve and are discharged into a
sewer to ensure that the filter materials can be updated continuously, thereby ensuring the quality of
producing water, and prolonging the service life. A plurality of trace elements and mineral matters are
contained in the filter materials built in the multi-micro nutria nutritional mineral spring device, and
digested stably when clean water passes through to become true healthy water. The central water
cleaner adopts high quality KDF alloy main filter materials imported from American and various
advanced water treatment processes in the world, and integrates filtering, adsorption, disinfection,
sterilization, heavy metal ion removal, residual chlorine, foreign flavor, water hardness reduction and
other functions into a whole; the water is clean and healthful, and can satisfy the demands such as
cleaning, bathing and washing; after the clean water passes through the multiple-micro nutria
nutritional mineral spring device, zinc, strontium, lithium, metasillicio acid, calcium, magnesium,
potassium, natrium and other various trace elements and mineral matters are stably digested, thereby
satisfying the utilization demands of the healthy water such as drinking in families, cooking, washing
vegetable, boiling soup, stewing tea, manufacturing beverage and other healthy wate

The utility model relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a movable seawater
desalination device with a self-supplied power source, which comprises a framework, wheels
arranged at the bottom part of the framework, a booster pump, a precise filter, a high-pressure pump,
a reverse osmosis unit, a generator and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The booster pump is connected with
the water inlet of the precise filter, the water outlet of the precise filter is connected with the reverse
osmosis unit through the high-pressure pump, the processed water generated from the water outlet of
the reverse osmosis unit flows out from a purification pipe through the ultraviolet sterilizer, and the
booster pump and the high-pressure pump are respectively arranged on plugs which can be
connected with the generator. The device has the advantages that the suitability of the device can
ensure the safety and the sanitation of the water quality of the produced water, the structure is
compact, the volume is small, the flexibility is high, the device can be operated in a room where an
external power source exists or not, and the device is suitable for use on an island or a detached
island which is far from land or in a mini vesse
The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis membrane device for producing pure water, comprising 1
a pre-treating device, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis device; the pre-treating device is
connected with the water inlet of the high-pressure pump, and the water outlet of the high-pressure
pump is connected with the reverse osmosis device which is provided with a pure water outlet and a
concentrated water outlet, a return passage is arranged between the concentrated water outlet of the
reverse osmosis device and the water inlet of the high-pressure pump, a control regulating valve is
arranged on the return passage, the pre-treating device adopts an ultra filter. In the utility model, the
utilization rate of raw water is high and the ultra filter is adopted for carrying out pre-treatment, thus
improving the pre-treating water quality and reducing the occupying area of the equipment; the return
passage is arranged between the concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis device and the
water inlet of the high-pressure pump, thus leading the concentrated water produced by reverse
osmosis to flow into the water inlet of the high-pressure pump after passing through the return
passage and increasing flow rate of the outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane; therefore, fluid
speed on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is increased, the deposition speed of the
impurities on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is delayed, thus delaying the polluted
time of the reverse osmosis membran

The utility model discloses a water-saving reverse osmosis water purifier, comprising a raw water 1
tank, a first grade high-pressure pump and a first grade reverse osmosis membrane device; two outlet
are arranged on the first grade reverse osmosis membrane device, wherein, one outlet is connected
to a water producing tank by a pipeline; the water purifier is characterized in that: the other outlet is
connected to a nano-filtration membrane device by a discharging passage, a sewage draining exit
and a pipeline connected in the raw water tank are arranged on the nano-filtration membrane device.
As the structure is adopted, the original waste water of the reverse osmosis concentrated water which
is all discharged is changed into that: the waste water is treated by nano-filtration membrane, the
producing water is recycled to the raw water tank, then the nano-filtration concentrated water is
discharged; thus improving recycling utilization rate and reducing pollutio

An emergency drinking water supply system comprises a main pipeline; a plate type filter, a core type
filter, plate tube type reverse osmosis membrane post components and an ultraviolet sterilization
device are connected in series with each other on the main pipeline; a high pressure pump is
connected with the main pipeline between the core type filter and the plate tube type reverse osmosis
membrane post components; and the plate tube type reverse osmosis membrane post components
include a plurality of membrane post units, wherein, each membrane post unit includes a liquid inlet
port and two liquid outlet ports, and one of the liquid outlet ports of the each membrane post is
connected with the main pipeline through a pipeline. The utility model adopts the plate tube type
reverse osmosis membrane post components, thereby ensuring that fluid has a wide passage and a
short travel route. Moreover, because when in the turbulence state, the fluid is capable of processing
various water sources without blockade, and has low expectations for the water quality of water inflow,
the pretreatment of water is unnecessary, and the process flow is simplified. As membrane has little
possibility of being blocked, the utility model has the advantages of requiring no line cleaning,
increasing the water production efficiency and reducing the operation cos

The utility model discloses a small water amount water supply water treatment device. One side of a
membrane separation reactor is connected with a water outlet pump and a ventilator respectively;
water pumped out by the water outlet pump is subject to sterilization in an ultraviolet sterilizer and
then distributed to users; the membrane separation reactor comprises a box body; the inner chamber
of the box body is connected with a hollow-fiber membrane; one end of the hollow-fiber membrane is
in parallel connection with the pipeline of the water outlet pump; and the bottom part of the inner
chamber of the box body is connected with an aeration head which is in parallel connection with the
pipeline of the ventilator. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient
operation, low cost and small area for occupation, and can completely rid water of SS, ordinary
bacteria, virus, colon bacillus and the like. Moreover, the utility model can ensure that water can be
decolorized, the water quality of effluent is excellent, and small space is occupied. The hollow-fiber
membrane is superior in area of membrane per unit volume, and is relatively cheap. When in
operation, the device requires fixed power consumption without the addition of other agents, and has
high degree of automation, thereby basically achieving unmanned supervision. The utility model can
be widely used by water supply treatment departments with small rate of flo
The utility model provides a double-sterilization high-magnetism activation mineralization energy
water dispenser which is a safe water dispenser utilizing two sterilization methods for double
sterilizations and is a direct drinking water device. The energy water dispenser comprises a multistage
filter. The front end of the multistage filter is connected with an ozone sterilizer (or an ultraviolet
sterilizing lamp) and a highly-magnetic magnetization device which is connected with a water storage
device. The filter is connected with a mineralization filter which comprises a medical stone/Muyu stone
mineralization device and a tourmaline/Guangming stone/hsiuyen jade nutritional and healthcare
mineralization device. The medical stone/Muyu stone mineralization device and the
tourmaline/Guangming stone/hsiuyen jade nutritional and healthcare mineralization device are
connected into a whole, and then a cocoanut active charcoal filter for improving mouth taste is used
for filtration. The medical stone/Muyu stone mineralization device and the tourmaline/Guangming
stone/hsiuyen jade nutritional and healthcare mineralization device are connected with an electronic
cooling/heating device, and an inductive sensor is used for output. The device integrates the
advantages of the filtration and the mineralization of a water disperser and carries out effective
sterilization, the quality and the mouth taste of the drinking water are effectively improved, and the
water storage device can solve the problem of drinking in places where no water source is provided.
The whole process of water treatment is controlled intelligently by an electronic modul

The utility model relates to a fast mounting and dismounting ultraviolet tube-lamp for purifying water,
which comprises an outer tube and a bayonet connector, and is characterized in that an inner tube is
coaxially sleeved in the outer tube, the inner tube is connected to the inner wall of the outer tube
mouth via an O-shaped sealing ring connector, a gap is arranged between the inner tube wall and the
outer tube wall, an water inlet is arranged on the side wall of the O-shaped sealing ring of the outer
tube, the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube is connected with the water inlet, a through
hole on the lateral wall of the bottom of the inner tube is communicated with the gap between the
outer tube and the inner tube, a quartz tube arranged in the inner tube is inserted from the bottom end
of the inner tube, the inner end of the quartz tube is closed and the outer end is opened, an ultraviolet
tube-lamp is disposed in the quartz tube, a tail cover arranged on the outer side of the opened end of
the quartz tube is connected with the outer tube, and a coaxial water outlet arranged on the O-shaped
sealing ring connector at the upper end of the inner tube is connected with a coaxial water outlet on
the bayonet connector of the outer tube. The utility model has the advantages of realizing fast
replacement of the ultraviolet tube-lamp and greatly reducing occupation of disinfection components
of a water purifie

The utility model discloses an industrial flow simulation control testing device, in particular to a boiler 1
feed water full-film treatment testing device, which comprises a chemical pre-treating device, a multi-
medium filtering and treating device, a micro-filtering device, an ultra-filtration device, a reverse
osmosis device, a second-level reverse osmosis device and a nano-filtration device; wherein, all the
devices can be optionally combined so as to facilitate the simulation of the treating devices and the
combination of the devices. The utility model provides a boiler feed water full-film treatment testing
device capable of effectively assessing the use value and the benefits of the combination of various
boiler feed water film treating equipmen

The utility model relates to a standing-wave-cleaning direct drinking water device which comprises a 1
cylinder, a water outlet cover and a water inlet cover coaxially installed at both ends of the cylinder,
wherein a water inlet is installed on the water inlet cover, and a water outlet is installed on the water
outlet cover; a sewage outlet is installed on the cylinder; a membrane rack is fixedly installed in the
radial direction on the cylinder where the water outlet cover is installed; ultra-filtration membrane
groups are evenly distributed on the membrane rack, wherein a motor is coaxially and fixedly installed
on the upper part of the water inlet cover; an impeller is coaxially installed in the cylinder where the
water inlet cover is installed through a drive shaft; and the impeller is driven by the motor through the
drive shaft. The utility model has simple structure, easy installation and low cost, overcomes the
problem of cleaning the filter medium of the existing direct drinking water device and uses the method
of standing-wave water flow by the impeller to impact and clean various impurities on the filter
medium in all directions, having good cleaning effect, high cleaning efficiency, and easy and
convenient us
The utility model relates to a long-standing filter element type water purification machine, which is 1
connected in a water supply pipeline. The water purification machine comprises an ultra filtration
membrane component, a water inlet magnet valve, a booster pump, a reverse osmosis membrane, a
one-way valve, activated charcoal, a waste water proportioner, a pressure water storage bucket, a
pressure switch, activated charcoal and a purified water tap. The utility model overcomes the
problems in prior drinking water machine that large quantity of waste water is produced, and the water
resources are wasted; by adopting the activated charcoal filtration device, the loading for filtration of
the activated charcoal can be relieved, the service life of the activated charcoal is improved, thereby
prolonging the replacement cycle of the activated charcoal, and reducing the net cost. Meanwhile, the
ultrafiltration membrane component is directly mounted on the tap water pipeline and directly
communicated with the domestic used water tap, so that the ultrafiltration membrane can be cleaned
at any time during normal water usin

The utility model discloses a nano-radium filter element for use in water treatment equipment, 1
comprising a nano-radium filtering layer, an inner non-woven protective layer and a water discharge
cavity, wherein, the outer layer of the nano-radium filtering layer is provided with an outer non-woven
protective layer, and the outer surface of the outer non-woven protective layer is provided with an
outer protective net; the two ends of the outer protective net are provided with plastic protective end
covers, and leak-proof cover gaskets are inlaid on the end covers; and the inner non-woven protective
layer is arranged in the water discharge cavity. The utility model has the advantages of body-building,
body-strengthening and anti-bacterial functions, and the purified water can be function water which
can supplement trace elements required for the human body to achieve the national drinking water
standard

The utility model relates to a nano-high-energy healthy water preparation machine, and the healthy 1
water is treated through purification, activation, energization, mineralization, high-magnetic
memorization and biochemistry. Seven filter cartridges are arranged in a shell, wherein, a high density
polypropylene fiber cotton filter element is arranged in a first filter cartridge; a composite activated
carbon filter element which is formed by closely arranging copper-zinc ion alloy scraps and activated
carbon grains is arranged in a second filter cartridge; a high-precision activated carbon filter element
which is formed by compressed activated carbon pieces is arranged in a third filter cartridge; a hollow
ultrafiltration molecular membrane filter element is arranged in a fourth filter cartridge; an energy ball
filter element which is formed by tourmaline biochemical ceramic balls and medical stone balls is
arranged in a fifth filter cartridge; a hard magnetization filter element which is formed by closely
arranging high-strength Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet blocks is arranged in a six filter cartridge; and a
coconut shell activated carbon filter element which is extruded by grain-shaped coconut shell
activated carbon is arranged in a seven filter cartridge. With the multiple composite filter elements, the
product can effectively realize the purification, activation, energization, mineralization, high-magnetic
memorization and biochemical treatments for wate

The utility model relates to a water boosting system, comprising a strainer filter, two parallel high
pressure water pumps 4, 5, an one-way valve, and a pressure switch which are connected in turn,
wherein a purification disinfection system formed by a fine filter, a deodorization filter and ultraviolet
lamp is serially connected with a decompression valve via a first stabilizing tube, which are connected
with a water row; two stabilizing barrels 1, 2 are both connected with a water consuming device in
parallel and are connected with the system via stabilizing tubes; the system comprises a water
boosting part composed of the high pressure water pumps and the pressure switch; and a stabilizing
part comprising the two stabling barrels 1, 2. The utility model provides a water boosting method and
a water boosting system for providing stable and enough water pressure for water purifying system,
drink suppliers and kitchen equipment, and provides a water supply method and a water supply
system for providing stable and enough water pressure for water consuming devices, thereby
resolving the defects of city tap water supply such as low and fluctuant water pressure, to provide a
water boosting system applied for drinking devices, water purifying devices and the lik
The utility model discloses a circular plate-type ultrafilter comprising a cylinder; a circular plate-type 1
ultra-filtration membrane assembly is arranged inside the cylinder and is provided with a water-
producing pipe; two cylinder cover assemblies are arranged at the two ends of the cylinder,
respectively; a raw water inlet pipe and a gas inlet pipe are arranged on either of the cylinder cover
assemblies; and a sewage discharge pipe and a gas discharge pipe are arranged on the other
cylinder cover assembly. A plurality of water-permeable holes are formed on the water-producing pipe.
The two ends of the water-producing pipe are communicated with a purified water outlet pipe. The
circular plate-type ultrafilter has the advantages that the circular plate-type membrane assembly has
less pressure drop; the membranes are not liable to break and have long service life; the opened
circulation space exists between the membrane surfaces without dead areas and is easy to clean; the
membrane surface is smooth without blockage; the membrane surface has the resistance to chemical
cleaning and sticking; and once the separated substances and impurities deposit on the membrane
surface, the membrane surface is easy to clean with clear water. The circular plate-type ultrafilter is
environment-friendly because all the flat membrane materials are recyclabl

The utility model discloses a nano negative-ion catalyzing device applied to water treatment; the 1
device is composed of a filtering vessel (1), a filtering membrane (2) and a nano negative-ion
material; the device is characterized in that: the filtering vessel is an opening vessel, and filtering nets
are arranged on the circumstance of the vessel and at the bottom thereof; the nano negative-ion
material is arranged in the filtering vessel, and the opening of the filtering vessel is sealed by the
filtering membrane; the nano negative-ion material is nano tourmaline negative-ion material. The
device has simple structure, convenient preparation and low cost, is suitable for various industrial
waste water treatments and has lower operating cost and stable water discharging. The device can
effectively reduce oxidation-reduction potential of water and promote the reduction of chemical
oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration; the device is particularly suitable for the
treatment of cleaning waste water of the circuit boar

The utility model discloses integrated high-efficiency water-treating equipment, comprising an air
floating bin and a clean water tank; a filtering layer is arranged in the air floating bin, a biochemical
filling layer is arranged above the filtering layer, and a strainer chamber is arranged below the filtering
layer, and an outlet communicating the clean water tank is arranged on the strainer chamber, and an
ultraviolet sterilizing device can be arranged in the clean water tank. The integrated high-efficiency
water-treating equipment leads air flotation separation, biological treatment and physical filtration to
be organically integrated in a vessel, and the ultraviolet sterilizing device is arranged in a water-
discharging area, and the structure is very compact, therefore, reasonable combination of a plurality
of techniques is realized in a smaller space, water body on surface of the earth or domestic sewage is
treated under various pollution conditions such as high organic content, serious eutrophication, more
suspended particles and the like, thus leading treating objects to be more rapidly purifie

The utility model discloses an improved filter element of a water purifier. At least two purifier shells are 1
fixedly connected on a base, barrel bodies of filter elements are arranged in the purifier shells and are
fixedly connected on the base, the bottom of each barrel body is provided with a water outlet, the top
of each barrel body is provided with a porous cover plate, and the porous clapboard is arranged in
each barrel body to divide the barrel body into uniformly distributed filtering compartments; a filtering
layer formed by pearl particles, a filtering layer formed by nanometer magnetic aerolite particles and a
filtering layer formed by food-grade calcium sulfite particles are sequentially and respectively
arranged in the filtering compartment arranged from top to bottom in the first barrel body, and a
filtering layer formed by food-grade calcium peroxide particles, a filtering layer formed by food-grade
superphosphate particles and a filtering layer formed by nanometer activated carbon fiber cotton are
sequentially and respectively arranged in the filtering compartment arranged from top to bottom in the
second barrel body. The filter element has reasonable structure, multiple filtering functions, can
remove suspended matters, colloids, peculiar smell, fluoride, arsenic, chlorine and micro-organisms in
water, and ensures the quality of purified wate
The utility mode discloses a micro filter membrane device which can be automatically cleaned, which 1
comprises a micro filter system, a raw water pipeline, a water production pipeline, a backwash system
and an automatic control system, wherein the micro filter system comprises a micro filter component,
a raw water inlet of the micro filter component is connected with a booster pump through a water inlet
valve, a purifying water outlet is connected with a purifying water valve and is connected with the
backwash system through a backwash valve, a concentrated water outlet is connected with a
concentrated water valve, a backwash liquid outlet is connected with the backwash water outlet valve,
and the integral device is controlled by the automatic control device. The micro filter membrane device
effectively solves the problems in the prior art that a micro filter membrane cleaning needs manual
operation, labor intensity is big, and equipment operation is influenced. And meanwhile, the micro
filter membrane device has convenient operation and excellent economic benefits, which is
convenient for equipment to run, and does not influence the property of equipmen

The utility model relates to a nano filter film brackish water desalination system device which belongs 1
to the technical field of seawater desalination and saliferous water purification. The system device has
a pretreatment process and a nano filter film desalinization process, and comprises a water tank, a
water pump, a protective filter, a hyperfiltration assembly, a primary nano filter film desalinization
device, a secondary nano filter film desalinization device and common accessories such as pipelines,
a pressure gauge, a valve, a flow meter, a drain valve, a water gauge and the like. The system device
has the work flow as following: brackish water becomes fresh water orderly passing through the water
tank, the water tank, the protective filter, the hyperfiltration assembly, the water tank, the water pump,
the primary nano filter film desalinization device, the water tank, the water tank, the secondary nano
filter film desalinization device and the water tank. The utility model has the advantages of low
operation pressure, high recovery ratio of produced water, low energy consumption and high
treatment efficiency. The water quality of the produced water conforms to the national standard of
national drinking water standard GB5749-200

The utility model discloses a small water purifier which comprises a cabinet body, a controller, a filter,
a booster pump and a connecting water pipe, wherein, the filter comprises a prefilter and an ultrafilter;
an water inlet end of the prefilter is connected with a water outlet end of the booster pump; a water
outlet end of the prefilter is connected with a water inlet end of the ultrafilter through a water inlet
valve; a water outlet end of the ultrafilter is connected with a ultraviolet sterilizer through a water outlet
valve, and is connected with a water outlet end of the prefilter through a reverse washing water inlet
valve; and a water outlet end of the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected with a water outlet. The utility
model effectively solves the problems of the complicated structure and high cost of the existing water
purifier, and provides the small water purifier with simple structure and low cost for the regions with
poor drinking water quality. Simultaneously, the utility model has the advantages of small volume, light
weight, full automatic operation, long service life and high outlet water qualit

The utility model provides a tap water treating device,, which relates to a device for treating tap water. 1
The device comprises a tap water filter (1), an electromagnetic valve (2), a microcluster water
generator (4), a rear filtering generator (5) and a sensor faucet (6) which are connected in series and
communicated in sequence; the device also comprises a power source (3); and the power source (3)
is respectively connected with the electromagnetic valve (2) and the sensor faucet (6). The tap water
which is treated through the device has high activity, strong dissolving and percolating capacity, sweet
taste, and is rich in various micro elements for human beings, and the device has the advantages of
simple structure, infrared induction control and water savin
The utility model relates to a first level four-chamber integrated integral water clarifier comprising a 1
KDF55 filtering layer and a micro filter element filtering device, wherein an upper annular filtering plate
is arranged in a sealing container of the filtering device, a manganese ore filtering layer is arranged
on the filtering plate, a middle annular filtering plate is arranged in the container, a plurality of filters
are arranged on the filtering plate, an active carbon filtering layer is arranged on the filters, a lower
annular filtering plate is arranged in the container, a plurality of the filters are arranged on the filtering
plate, the KDF55 filtering layer is arranged on the filters, a filter element which is formed from a filter
element shell and micro filtering film is fixed on the bottom of a cylinder of the container, a micro filter
element and a resin filter bag are arranged on the middle portion of the filter element shell, a nut
which is screwed with a valve seat is arranged on the lower port of the filter element shell, a screw
bolt which is screwed with the valve seat is arranged on the lower end of the filter element, a sealing
ring is arranged in the container, the nut is arranged on the center of the valve seat, the screw bolt is
arranged on the upper portion of the valve seat, the filter bag which is formed from the micro filter
element and the resin can be effectively fixed by the screw bolt and the nut, a water inlet is arranged
on the top of the container, a water outlet is opened on the lower portion of the filter element shell, and
the water outlet of the filtering device is communicated with a water inlet of a pure water tank device.
The water clarifier can provide qualified healthy stored drinking water for town dwellers, rural families,
enterprises and public institution

The utility model relates to a water treatment device, in particular provides a multifunctional water
magnetizer which comprises a shell, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the
shell and are connected by a pipeline, and a CPU is arranged in the shell; a filter is arranged in the
pipeline at the water inlet, double magnetic rings are arranged on the pipeline, and an ultraviolet lamp
and an infrared inductor are arranged in the shell and are connected with the CPU. Compared with
the prior art, the multifunctional water magnetizer has the advantages of reasonable design, simple
structure, high degree of automation in a water treatment process, a plurality of functions, and the lik

The utility model relates to a general urban and rural water purifier belonging to drinking water 1
purifying equipment, in particular to a water purifier for purifying muddy water in rivers, lakes and
ponds as well as tap water, which solves the problems that the prior water purifying equipment can
only deeply purify the tap water and is not suitable for muddy surface water in the countryside, the
water utilization ratio is low, and the price and the operation cost are high. The water purifier is formed
by sequentially connecting a pre-filtering vessel, an ag-loaded activated carbon vessel, a pressure
pump, a fine filtering vessel and a sterilization cylinder by a pipeline, wherein a water inlet is arranged
on the pre-filtering vessel, and a water outlet valve is arranged on the sterilization cylinder. The water
purifier can carry out the purification treatment integrating pre-filtration, absorbing disinfection, fine
filtration and sterilization, is proved by actual measurement to have a water utilization ratio up to 98
percent and can purify the tap water and the surface water in the countryside, thereby having the
advantages of wide range of application, low operation cost, high water utilization ratio and
convenient maintenanc

The utility model discloses a field water filter, belonging to the field of the water treatment, in particular
to the filed of the deep filtration and purification of field drinking water. The field water filter comprises
a filter element unit for filtering, a water pump for pumping raw water, an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for
sterilizing bacteria and viruses and also comprises an independent power supply device; an output
circuit of the independent power supply device is connected with the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and a
control circuit of the water pump; and the water pump is connected with the a raw water filtering and
sterilizing pipeline formed by the filter element unit and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp. The field water
filter is simple in structure and convenient to use, can filter and preprocess various water, has strong
adaptability to field environment, in particular to environment subjected to earthquake, flood, drought
and other emergent natural disasters and is beneficial to the popularization of the water purifie
The utility model relates to a circulating water supply system, which is characterized in that a sealed
insulation water storage tank is utilized to supply water to water consumption ends distributed on an
insulation pipeline; meanwhile, an ultraviolet ray sterilization device and ozone are adopted to
disinfect and sterilize the water tank and water, thereby ensuring the stable quality of the water supply
system; an added water level monitor can monitor the water level condition of the sealed insulation
water tank in a real-time manner and realize the connection with a control system; and a circulating
closed-loop system is formed by the insulation pipeline and the sealed insulation water tank.
Therefore, the runnability of the purified water or demineralized water inside the pipeline can be
ensured, and the problems of waste and environmental protection during water supply process can be
well solved. The utility model has the characteristic of simple structure, convenient installation, low
manufacture cost and the lik

The utility model relates to an external-pressure type hollow capillary ultra-filtering water purifier 1
component which is characterized in that: a hollow capillary ultra-filtering membrane wire (2) and a
filter element shell (3) are fixed in a sealing way, the hollow capillary ultra-filtering membrane wire (2)
is fixed with the other end of the filter element shell (3) in a sealing way, the hole on the inner cavity of
the hollow capillary ultra-filtering membrane wire (2) is blocked by an epoxide resin blockage layer (4)
at the sewage disposal end, an O-shaped sealing ring (6) at the outlet end and an O-shaped sealing
ring (7) at the sewage disposal end are fixed with the filter element shell (3) in a sealing way, the two
ends of the filter element shell (3) are sealed by an outlet end cover (9) and a sewage disposal end
cover (10). The hole on the inner cavity of the hollow capillary ultra-filtering membrane wire (2) can
not be blocked. A plurality of round holes are embedded on the epoxide resin blockage layer (4) at the
sewage disposal end. Impurities in stock solution can not block the capillary tube and can be cleaned
easily, thereby not only prolonging the cleaning time and saving cleaning water, but also greatly
improving the service life of the ultra-filtering membrane and being beneficial to saving energy,
reducing emission and reducing consumptio

The utility model discloses a secondary water supply cleaning system, which comprises a system
body cleaning system and a water cleaning circulation system. The system body cleaning system
comprises a cleaning pressurization pump and a rotating spray cleaner arranged in a system body;
the water cleaning circulation system comprises a frequency conversion electronic water processor, a
circulation pump, a precision filter and an ultraviolet disinfection device connected in series in a water
cleaning circulation pipe in sequence; and the cleaning pipeline is also provided with a connection
pipe which is communicated with the ultraviolet disinfection device. Because the frequency conversion
electronic water processor can maintain the water in the state of being activated, the high-precision
filter can purify the water, and the ultraviolet disinfection device can disinfect the water, the water in
the water supply system can be always maintained superior to the national standard through such
cycles. When the cleaning is performed, the cleaner can rotate in all directions to spray the water,
thereby knocking down the dirt, moss and other impurities on the inner wall of the system body,
rapidly discharging the sewage from the sewage discharge port, completely cleaning the system body,
and effectively improving the secondary water supply pollutio

The utility model relates to a membrane separation system for desorbing sulfate radicals in brine 1
under high temperature, which utilizes a modified nanofiltration membrane and the principle that the
retention rate of divalent ions is far larger than that of monatomic ions. An inlet pipeline of a dilute
brine storage tank is connected with outlets of a pH regulating device and a sodium bisulfite device,
the lower part of the dilute brine storage tank is communicated with an inlet of a brine delivery pump,
the outlet end of the brine delivery pump is connected with the inlet of an active carbon filter, the outlet
of the active carbon filter is connected with the inlet of a safety filter, and the outlet of the safety filter is
communicated with the inlet of a modified nanofiltration membrane filtering device by a high pressure
pump; a dilute solution outlet of the modified nanofiltration membrane filtering device is delivered to a
salt dissolving system to dissolve salt, a concentrated solution outlet is delivered to a nitrate settling
system all the way and is communicated with the inlet of a cleaning water tank all the way, the outlet
at the bottom part of the cleaning water tank is communicated with the inlet of a cleaning pump, the
outlet of the cleaning pump is communicated with the inlet of a micro filter, and the outlet of the micro
filter is communicated with the inlet of the modified nanofiltration membrane filtering devic
The utility model discloses an ultraviolet ray germicidal lamp for water, which belongs to water
treatment devices. The germicidal lamp comprises an ultraviolet ray lamp and a lamp holder, the
ultraviolet ray lamp and the lamp holder are mounted together, the lamp holder is mounted at the
central part of a float, the top part of the lamp holder is connected with a conducting wire, and a
sealing cover for sealing the ultraviolet ray lamp is mounted under the float. Compared with the prior
art, the ultraviolet ray germicidal lamp for water provided by the utility model has the characteristics of
reasonable design, simple structure, convenient use and the like; after water is irradiated through an
ultraviolet ray lamp tube, degeneration is caused to the nucleic acid molecules in the nucleoprotein for
maintaining lives in massive bacterium, thereby damaging the physiological activity; and the
germicidal lamp achieves safe water quality on the bacteriology, avoids the generation of the
epidemic situation, and achieves the purpose of epidemic preventio

The utility model belongs to the application field of the water treatment technology and in particular
relates to a water activating-sterilizing device. The water activating-sterilizing device comprises an
upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, a fastening piece and a water cavity which is composed by the
connection of reinforced glass in a combination manner. The characteristics of the water activating-
sterilizing device are as follows: the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are respectively
arranged at the upper and lower ends of the water cavity and are connected into one body by the
fastening piece, and connecting end plates are arranged at the two ends of the upper fixing plate and
the lower fixing plate; the water cavity is a hollow airtight case body which presents a shape of a
rectangular solid, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the rectangular-solid water cavity, a
magnetic pole and an ultraviolet lamp tube are arranged at the two sides of the water cavity, a
distance piece is arranged in the water cavity, and the water cavity can be spaced into an S-shaped
winding water flow channel by the distance piece. The water activating-sterilizing device has the
advantages of long service life, reliable quality, good magnetizing effect, large magnetized water
quantity and no water quality pollutio

The utility model discloses a ferric-carbon fiber micro-electrolysis reaction unit, which consists of a 1
frame, a reactor shell, a reaction unit, a high pressure air cylinder, a U-shaped wind pipe, a Rots fan,
a distribution pipe, a pneumatic seal valve and a residual liquid discharge outlet; wherein, the inner
layer of the reaction unit in a cylinder shape is a hollow pipe; the outer layer is a stainless steel screen
stencil; a hollow filter element manufactured by slag and active carbon fiber is arranged between the
inner layer and the outer layer, and is fixed in the reactor shell; wherein, the active carbon fiber(ACF)
has absorption, conduction and catalytic oxidation performances, can be composited with nano-grade
pure ferrous powder as a novel water treatment padding which is manufactured into the filter element,
arranged into the cylinder of the reaction unit, and has ultra-strong oxidizability to the water soluble
organic substances comprising oxygen, chlorine and benzene rings; because the waste water
treatment process needs the ions generated by the substances like salt (Nacl, Cacl2), the ferric-
carbon fiber micro-electrolysis reaction unit can be used as an effective unit for removing COD[cr] in
high-salinity wastewate

The utility model discloses a drinking water purifying device, which comprises a shell, wherein, the
upper part of the shell is provided with a water inlet; the bottom part of the shell is provided with a
water outlet; a traverse plate is fixed inside the shell; the upper surface of the traverse plate is coated
with photo-catalyst; a ultraviolet light source which can facilitate the photo-catalyst is arranged inside
the shell; by utilizing the property that the photo-catalyst has favorable decomposition effect on the
organic substance under the shining of the ultraviolet, the photo-catalyst is utilized to decompose the
soluble organic harmful substances in the water; moreover, the device is free from adding other
chemical agents during the processing process, so that the problem that the secondary pollution of
the drinking water is caused by the improper control can be solved; moreover, the operation of the
water processing is simplified, and the processing cost is greatly reduce
The utility model relates to a submerged hollow-fibre membrane module, in particular to a submerged 1
hollow-fibre membrane module and an elementary membrane module, both of which can be used for
a membrane bioreactor, and more particularly to a hybrid structure formed by a gas distributor and the
modules. The hybrid structure mainly comprises a frame, a single bunch membrane module, a
collector pipe and an aeration tube. The single bunch membrane module comprises a water outlet at
the upper end head, an air inlet with a butterfly-shaped aerator at the lower end head, and externally
pressurized type hollow-fibre membrane threads filled between the water outlet and the water inlet. A
plurality of single bunch membrane modules are connected in parallel by the collector pipe and the
aeration tube, so as to form the frame of the submerged hollow-fibre membrane module; and the
frame forms a submerged hollow-fibre membrane module unit through a stainless steel bracket. The
utility model not only improves the anti-fouling performance of the root part of the hollow-fibre
membrane bundle, but also prolongs the service life of the submerged hollow-fibre membrane
module. Furthermore, the structure is simple, and the assembly, the installation and the maintenance
are eas

The utility model discloses a cassette multistage drinking water purification apparatus, comprising a 1
box body (1); wherein, two vertical sides of the box body (1) are provided with openings which serve
as a water inlet end and a water outlet end respectively, a plurality of slots (2) arranged along the
lengthwise direction are closely connected in the box body (1), and water purification units (3) are
closely inserted into the slots (2). The purification apparatus has simple structure, high flexibility and
obvious purification effect and the purification apparatus can be added, deleted and combined in
series with the following units: a micro porous filtration unit, a multi-step absorption unit, an ion
exchange unit, a membrane filtration unit and a disinfection unit so as to perform effective purification
treatment to different containments in different regions. The cassette multistage drinking water
purification apparatus is convenient to install and easy to wash for regeneration, and the water
purification units are convenient to disassemble and replace when the water purification units are out
of the service life. Particularly, the whole purification process can adopt gravity as the main power,
and the cassette multistage drinking water purification apparatus requires no automatic control
system, thereby reducing energy consumption, manufacturing and use cost. The cassette multistage
drinking water purification apparatus is applicable for drinking water purification treatment in rural area

An on-line monitoring double-membrane water purifying device comprises a water supply tank and a
purified water outlet pump, and is characterized in that the water-feeding pump is communicated with
a double microfiltration membrane filter, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis filter and a purified
water storage tank in sequence and is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection sterilizer, and an on-line
electric conductivity monitor for detecting the electric conductivity of the supplied water and the
purified water is arranged in a water supply pipeline and a purified water pipeline. Through the
combination of double microfiltration and reverse osmosis, as well as the adoption of ultraviolet light
catalytic oxidation sterilization technology, hazardous materials like inorganic acid, heavy metal,
residual chlorine, trichloro methane, various organic materials, bacteria and virus in the water can be
safely and efficiently removed without adding medicaments. The purified water is drinkable while the
separated non-purified water can be recovered for domestic water. The on-line monitoring double-
membrane water purifying device can be extensively used in various places like office buildings,
schools, hospitals, hotels, enterprises and public institutions, and has the advantages of safe and
steady work, reliable operation, simple operation, small occupied area, real-time monitoring, instant
drinking, fresh purified water with good taste, extensive range of application, et

The utility model provides an algae-removing filter. In the technical proposal, the upper side wall of a 1
shell body is provided with a water outlet pipe controlled by a water outlet valve; the bottom of the
shell body is provided with a mud valve; the cavity of the shell body forms a water collecting chamber;
the inside of the water collecting chamber is provided with parallel micro filtration pipes; the bottom of
each micro filtration pipe is respectively connected with water inlet pipes which penetrate through the
shell body; each water inlet pipe is communicated with a water inlet main pipe, controlled by a water
inlet main valve, and also provided with a water inlet valve; the top of each micro filtration pipe is
respectively provided with wastewater pipes which penetrate through the shell body; each wastewater
pipe is communicated with a wastewater main pipe, controlled by a wastewater pipe main valve, and
provided with a blow-down valve; and the upper part of the water collecting chamber is also provided
with an ultrasonic transducer. The utility model adopts the combined effect of the micro filtration pipes
and the ultrasonic transducer to eliminate the algae in water, has the advantages of high algae-
removing efficiency, convenient cleaning and low investment, requires no external power supply for
backwashing, and is in particular applicable to the water treatment for residential water and industrial
wate
An air purifying water generator comprises a machine casing. A control panel is arranged on the
machine casing; a refrigerating system is made up of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and
an air blower; an air filtering screen is arranged between the evaporator and the air blower; a water
collecting tray is arranged under the evaporator, and is connected with a raw water box; a water level
detecting device is arranged in the raw water box; a booster pump is connected to the lower part of
the raw water box; the outlet of the booster pump is connected with a water filtering system; the outlet
of the water filtering system is connected to a clear water box; an ultraviolet disinfector is arranged in
the clear water box; a heating pot and a refrigeration pot are connected to the bottom of the clear
water box respectively; a hot water discharge valve is connected to the heating pot; and a cold water
discharge valve is connected to the refrigeration pot. The air purifying water generator can generate
large quantity of water, and also can be connected with an external water source and used as a direct
drinking machin

The utility model provides an automatic continuous measuring and controlling instrument for
ultraviolet-oxidized water online temperature/electric conductance/total organic carbon, which
comprises a number one electric conductance detecting device, an oxidization reactor and a number
two electric conductance detecting device which are sequentially communicated with each other
through a pipe. The utility model is characterized in that one end of the number one electric
conductance detecting device is communicated with a three-way electromagnetic valve; the three-way
electromagnetic valve is sequentially communicated with a sampling pump, a flowmeter, a flow
governor and a two-way electromagnetic valve through a pipe; a 185nm ultraviolet source is sealed in
the oxidization reactor; a power converter is connected with the 185nm ultraviolet source and used to
start the 185nm ultraviolet source and to maintain the operation of the 185nm ultraviolet source; a
data processor is arranged on the oxidization reactor; the data processor is respectively
communicated with the two-way electromagnetic valve, the sampling pump, the three-way
electromagnetic valve, the number one electric conductance detecting device, the power converter
and the number two electric conductance detecting device through cables. The utility model has the
advantages that the structure is simple, the real-time performance is favorable, the operating cost is
low and the like; the instrument can be used to directly measure and control the surface water, the
industrial waste water and the clean process water produced in industries such as nuclear energy,
semi-conductor, medicine, fine chemistry and the lik

The utility model discloses a water treatment system, in particular to a water preparation system used 1
on water purifiers, water purification machines and drinking water machines, as well as sub-district
dual water supply system. The water treatment system comprises activated charcoal and an ultra-
filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane, and is characterized in that a filter housing with
a waste discharge and flush port is used by a first stage and a final stage at the same time; after
being connected with a one-way valve, the flush port of a final stage filter housing is communicated
with the flush port of the first stage filter housing and connected to a washing tap; and the activated
carbon is connected in series between the water outlet of the first stage filter housing and the water
inlet of the final stage filter housing. The ultra-filtration membrane is arranged inside the first-stage
filter housing; and the ultra-filtration membrane, the nanofiltration membrane or reverse osmosis
membrane are arranged in the final stage filter housing. In the utility model, the purpose of oneself-
cleaning the filter element is achieved through the on-off action of the washing tap when in use and
zero waste water discharge is achieved by giving judicious guidance according to circumstances. The
components are less, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the performance is reliable.
Meanwhile, the activated carbon put in an intermediate stage is positioned behind the ultra-filtration
membrane and the scouring water does not pass through the activated carbon, so the service life of
filter elements, including the activated carbon, on each stage is prolonged. In addition, the problems
of the precipitation of the carbon powder and the secondary pollution to the machine body are
avoided without need of post carbo
The utility model relates to a rural household water purifying and heating integrated pipeline water 1
dispenser, which comprises a high-grade superior-quality silver-loaded activated carbon rod filter
device, as well as an ultra-filtration membrane filter device and a heating device. A bolt which is
connected with a cylinder body by screwing is arranged at the upper part of a valve seat, a nut which
is connected with an upper valve seat by screwing is arranged in an upper opening of the cylinder
body, the nut which is connected with a filter element by screwing is further arranged at the center of
the upper valve seat, the bolt which is connected with the upper valve seat by screwing is arranged at
the upper part of the filter element, an ultra-filtration membrane filter element is arranged at the middle
part of a container, a water inlet is formed on the left side of the valve seat of the container and a
water outlet is formed on the right side of the valve seat of the container; the water outlet of the high-
grade superior-quality silver-loaded activated carbon rod filter device is communicated with the water
inlet of the ultra-filtration membrane filter device; an inner container and a heating pipe are arranged
in the heating device, the heating device adopts the full-automatic temperature control technology, the
water inlet and a float valve are formed on the left side of a water tank, an exhaust port is formed at
the top part of the inner container, a hot water outlet valve is arranged on the right side of the inner
container, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom part, and the water inlet of the heating device is
communicated with the water outlet of the ultra-filtration membrane filter device. The rural household
water purifying and heating integrated pipeline water dispenser is economic and practical, and can
provide qualified and health drinking water for urban and rural familie

The utility model relates to a micro flocculation self-cleaning continuous flowing filter, which belongs to 1
the technical field of water treatment equipment. The utility model is characterized in that the upper
part of a cylinder body is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a sand washing tank, wherein
the lower end of the sand washing tank is connected with a turbulent sand washer; the upper part of
the outer wall is correspondingly provided with a lifting downflow weir which is connected with a back
flushing water outlet pipe; the middle lower part of the cylinder body is filled with a filter material layer;
the middle section of the filter material layer is correspondingly provided with a water distributor which
is connected with a water inlet pipe; the lower part of the water distributor is correspondingly provided
with a conical sand distributor; the bottom of the cylinder body is connected with a sand washing tank
through a sand extracting device and a sand extracting pipe; and a constant pressure air pipe used
for being connected with external air sources is connected and arranged on the sand extracting
device. The utility model adopts that a constant pressure air sand extracting and external circulation
structure, the micro flocculation region, the filtration and the cleaning are simultaneously and
automatically carried out, and the utility model has the characteristics of continuous filtration, high
processing efficiency, high water outlet quality, small group occupation, high automation degree,
convenient operation, simple maintenance and the like, and provides an effective method for normal
water recycle and resource treatmen

An urban household mineral water maker comprises a compressed active carbon filtration device, an 1
ore activation and filtration device and a UF (ultra filtration) membrane filtration device. A bolt screwed
to a cylinder is arranged on a valve seat of a closed container; a nut screwed to an upper seal head is
arranged in an upper opening of the cylinder; a nut screwed to a filter cartridge and a silica gel sealing
ring are also arranged at the center of an upper valve seat; a bolt screwed to the upper valve seat and
a UF membrane filter cartridge are arranged at the upper part of the filter cartridge; a water inlet is
formed on the left side surface of the valve seat, and a water outlet is formed on the right side surface
of the valve seat of the container; a drain outlet is formed at the bottom of the cylinder; and a water
outlet of the ore activation and filtration device is communicated with a water inlet of the UF
membrane filtration device. The utility model is economical and practical, can provide qualified health
drinking mineral water for urban families, enterprises and public institution

The utility model relates to a multifunctional direct drinking water purifier, comprising a PP filter (1) 1
which is connected with a primary active carbon filter (3), a secondary active carbon filter (4), a
nanofiltration membrane (6) and a nano KDF filter (8) in sequence through a pipeline; and the bottom
of the nano KDF filter (8) is connected with a water outlet pipeline (13) which is provided with a direct
drinking tap (9). The generator produces alkaline ionized water with sweetness, high solubility, high
permeability, small molecules and negative potential, greatly improves the quality of drinking water in
life, ensures body health, and simultaneously produces acid water which can be used for washing
fruits and vegetables and doing washing and the lik
The utility model relates to a water treatment device, in particular to an intermediate water treatment
device, which comprises a filtering basin capable of changing sewage into intermediate water,
wherein a sewage inlet is arranged on the filtering basin, the filtering basin is connected with a water
storage tank storing the intermediate water, the water storage tank is arranged with an intermediate
water outlet of the water storage tank, and a filter screen filtering the sewage and an ultraviolet ray
sterilization pipe disinfecting the sewage are arranged in the filtering basin. The intermediate water
treatment device not only can filter the sewage into the intermediate water, but also can sterilize and
disinfect the filtered intermediate water, therefore the bacteria spreading is not possible when people
use the treated intermediate water, as a result the safety of the intermediate water use is guarantee

The utility model relates to a V-shaped trough-type micro filter screen capable of continuously 1
refreshing a dynamic film on-line. The V-shaped trough-type micro filter screen comprises a porous
filtering body used for supporting the dynamic film, and is characterized in that the porous filtering
body is formed by overlapping a plurality of micro filter screens in different pore diameters, and is
fixed to form a flat cylindrical micro filter screen body formed by a plurality of annular concentric V-
shaped troughs which are connected with each other sequentially; a housing is arranged outside the
porous filtering body, and the bottom of the porous filtering body is connected with a spacer screen in
a sealing manner; a plurality of closed isolation chambers internally provided with granules are formed
between the micro filter screen body and the spacer screen; a hollow shaft tube internally provided
with a partition board is arranged at the center of the micro filter screen body; the hollow shaft tube
positioned above the partition board is connected with a rotary driving mechanism, a water source
and a back washing water pipe provided with a liquid nozzle; the hollow shaft tube positioned under
the partition board is connected with a gas source and a gas ejector pipe arranged under the micro
filter screen body; and environmental mineral materials are added in mixed solution when the V-
shaped trough-type micro filter screen is used, wherein, the concentration of the environmental
mineral materials range from 5 per thousand to 1 percent. The V-shaped trough-type micro filter
screen has the benefits of low manufacturing cost, small size, high flux, good outflowing water quality,
optimizing and simplifying a power system and a control system, and realizing low energy
consumption and low cos

A novel slime water purifier relates to a purification device in the environmental protection field. The 1
purifier comprises a sewage outlet formed at the bottom of the purifier body, and a water outlet formed
at the top of the purifier body; a water inlet is formed between the sewage outlet and the water outlet;
and a cyclone area, a collision area and a filter area are arranged between the water inlet and the
water outlet in sequence. By adopting the purifier, the procedures of direct current coagulation, micro
flocculation and granulation, centrifugal separation, gravitational separation, sludge concentration,
and the like are organically combined; and multiple stage purification of the slime water is completed
in one container, thereby realizing on-line fast-speed continuous high-efficiency treatment, and greatly
improving the treatment efficiency and treatment quality of the slime wate

The utility model discloses a full automatic ultra-pure water treatment system, which comprises an 1
original water tank (2), a multi-medium filter (3), an activated carbon filter (4), a 5-micron-core filter
(5), a primary reverse osmosis membrane group (7), an intermediate water tank (8), a 1-micron-core
filter (9), a secondary reverse osmosis membrane group (10), a pure water tank (11), a total organic
carbon removal device (13), an electronic-grade polishing bed (14), a 0.2-micron-core filter (15), an
ultraviolet sterilizer (16), a 0.1-micron-core filter (15) and a sterile water tank (18) connected in series
through pipelines. The full automatic ultra-pure water treatment system also comprises an automatic
cleaning system and a PLC control system (1). The utility model can realize the automation in the
ultra-pure water treatment and the system cleaning, improve the stability and accuracy of the system,
and ensure the final water qualit
The utility model relates to a novel central water treatment device. The device comprises a domestic
water pipeline as well as a screen rough filtration device, a first film component, a water tank holding a
sterilizing device, a second film component, an ultraviolet sterilization device and a drinking water
pipeline which are communicated through pipelines; the water tank is further communicated with the
domestic water pipeline through a pipeline; preferably, the screen rough filtration device comprises a
second stainless steel filter and a first stainless steel filter communicated with the first stainless steel
filter through a pipeline; the first stainless steel filter is communicated with the first film component
through a pipeline; the central water treatment device further comprises an activated charcoal
component, a reverse washing component and a reverse washing water outlet; the water tank is
communicated with the activated charcoal component through a pipeline; the water outlet of the water
tank is communicated with the first film component through a pipeline; and the reverse washing water
outlet is communicated with the second water outlet of the screen rough filtration device. The utility
model has the advantages of reasonable and smart design and can provide safe, clean and sweet
drinking water and domestic water meeting the requirements of peopl

A household full-automatic reverse osmosis water purifier relates to the technical field of water 1
purification, in particular to a household miniature water purification device for supplying water to a
solar energy water heater. The reverse osmosis water purifier can provide pure water for the solar
energy water heater at fixed time, and improve and utilize solar energy more effectively, while
adopting the electro-coagulation technology, a special double wastewater ratio and series connection
of two RO (reverse osmosis) membranes. The household energy-saving water purifier has the
advantages that the utilization rate of water is greatly increased, the water is saved and the power is
saved. The improvement on the water purifier lies in the fact that a filter is connected in series with the
RO membranes in sequenc

The utility model discloses a portable individual water purifier, which comprises a water kettle body 7, 1
a water purifier main body outer casing 2, a cover 1, a suction pipe 8 and a pressurizing rubber ball 9.
An ultra-filtration membrane 3, a screen mesh lining 4, activated carbon 5 and functional nano
sterilization materials 6 are arranged inside the water purifier main body outer casing 2. The portable
individual water purifier has the advantages of high permeability, strong pollution resistance, fine
durability, fast sterilization speed, complete sterilization, convenient carrying, simple operation, safe
using and fine effec

The utility model relates to a colonic hydrotherapy instrument comprising a filter, a heating water box,
a water mixing box, a constant-temperature device, an ultraviolet sterilization box, a magnetizer, a
liquid medicine tank, a liquid medicine pump and a water tap. The colonic hydrotherapy instrument
utilizes an ozone generating device, the ultraviolet sterilization box and the magnetizer to sterilize and
disinfect bacteria, kill algae and degrade halides in water, improve the water quality, and ensure the
safety of using water to clean intestinal canal

A preparation device for direct drinking water belongs to the technical field of water purification and
treatment, adopts photoelectrocatalysis method to prepare the direct drinking water by the tap water,
and consists of a plastic casing, an activated carbon inner tube and an activated carbon outer tube
which are arranged concentrically, and an ultraviolet lamp. Two ends of the device are sealed, a water
inlet is formed between the casing and the activated carbon outer tube, a water outlet is formed
between the activated carbon inner tube and the ultraviolet lamp, and TiO2 membranes with
photocatalytic activity are deposited in the activated carbon inner tube and the activated carbon outer
tube. The device has the advantages that organic matters, heavy metal ions, and hazardous microbes
like bacteria and viruses in the water, are removed on the premise that mineral substances benefiting
the human body are reserved, and the water purification and treatment process is carried out
effectively and durably; and the purification device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient
operation, and low cost in preparing the direct drinking wate
The utility model discloses an integrated water purifier which comprises a precise filter, a first active 1
carbon filter, a filter device, a second active carbon filter, a sterilizing equipment and a water purifying
tank which are connected sequentially; a water inlet electromagnetic valve is connected with the water
inlet pipeline of the precise filter, drain pipes are respectively arranged in the precise filter, the first
active carbon filter, the filter and the second active carbon filter. The utility model has strong
hydrophily and can effectively remove free chlorine and organic matter in water, and has high filter
efficiency and high purification quality; besides, the integrated water purifier is anti-fouling and is acid,
alkaline and micro-contamination resistant, and has long service life; the integrated water purifier can
perform treatments of purification, mineralization, activation, ionization and refreshing on tap water,
can effectively remove organic matter, microorganisms, heavy metal ions, bacteria and viruses and
other harmful substances in water, and is widely applicable to military, medical treatment and civil field

The utility model provides a nano energy water generator. A generator body is a hollow water 1
container and the bottom thereof is provided with a nano tourmaline health care layer on which a
leaked water filter net is arranged; the filter net contains a mixture layer of medicinal stones, pearls
and marble grains. On the basis of the nano tourmaline health care layer in the generator, a filtering
layer of medicinal stones, pearls and marble grains is additionally arranged, which can conduct
various treatments of mineralization, electrolysis, intenerating and activation to water and generate
multi-functional weakly alkaline water; after drinking the water, people can resist against fatigue and
relieve uneasiness of body and mind, and the water can promote the microcirculation of a human
body,is antibiotic and anti-inflammatory, regulates organism balance, has the function of improving the
health level of people and improves life qualit

A mineralization-magnetization efficient sterilization water purifier comprises a multi-media filtration 1

device, and a micro-filter membrane filtration device, wherein, a bolt screwed to a cylinder isarranged
on a valve seat of a closed container; a nut screwed to a lower valve seat is arranged in a lower
opening of the cylinder; a nut screwed to a filter cartridge and a silica gel sealing ring are arranged in
the center of the valve seat; a bolt screwed to the valve seat is arranged at the lower end of the filter
cartridge; the micro-filter membrane filtration device is arranged in the middle of the container; a
micro-filter membrane filter core is arranged in the middle of the micro-filter membrane filtration
device; a water inlet is formed on the left side of the valve seat of the container, and a water outlet is
formed on the right side thereof; a sewage outlet is formed at the top of the container; and a water
outlet of the multi-media filtration device is communicated with a water inlet of the micro-filter
membrane filtration device. The utility model is economical and practical, and can provide qualified
health drinking mineral water for urban familie

The utility model relates to a device utilizing reverse osmosis concentrated water as ultra-filtration 1
rinse water, belonging to the technical field of pure water preparation equipment. The device
comprises a releasing capacity pressure reducing container, a piston and a valve, wherein the piston
is installed inside the releasing capacity pressure reducing container, a reverse osmosis
concentratedwater pipe is connected with a water inlet of the releasing capacity pressure reducing
container by a pipeline and a water inlet valve thereof, and a water outlet of the releasing capacity
pressure reducing container is connected with an ultra-filtration rinse water pipe by the pipeline and a
water outlet valve of the container; the reverse osmosis concentrated water pipe is connected with the
water outlet of the releasing capacity pressure reducing container by the pipeline and a reverse water
valve, and the water inlet valve thereof is connected with a water tank by the pipeline and a
drainvalve. The releasing capacity pressure reducing container is formed by two round cylinders
which have different diameters and are connected with each other to form a whole body; the piston
consists of two parts which are connected into a whole body, and the external diameters of the two
parts correspond to the internal diameters of the round cylinders where the two parts are positioned.
When in work, the container can lead the water to be in and out according to the need by utilizing the
opening and closing of the valve in virtue of the pressure of reverse osmosis concentrated water, so
an ultra-filtration film can be rinse
The utility model provides an ultraviolet disinfection system for treating water biological pollution. The
ultraviolet disinfection system comprises an ultraviolet disinfection device which consists of a
disinfection cavity and an ultraviolet radiation device mounted in the disinfection cavity, wherein the
disinfection cavity comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, and a flow propeller is arranged on the
water inlet of the disinfection cavity. When in use, water is driven to flow into the disinfection cavity
through the propeller, and flows out through the water outlet after being irradiated by ultraviolet rays,
and the ultraviolet water disinfection system applying the technical scheme of the utility model can be
widely used for water algae control or other microbe disinfection of natural water, other artificial lakes,
reservoirs and the lik

The utility model discloses a heavy-oxygen-enriched water purifying machine, which comprises an
electromagnetic valve, an electron float-operated electric switch, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp, a
bubble bucket, an air dispersing stone, an ultraviolet filter, an anti-reflux device, an oxygen generator,
a water storage bucket, a water purifying zone, a cold water bucket, a hot water bucket, a
compressor, a detection valve and a floating plate, wherein the oxygen generator is sequentially
connected with the ultraviolet filter, the detection valve and the bubble bucket in the upward direction,
and finally connected with the air dispersing stone on the cold water bucket; and the oxygen
generator selectively extracts the oxygen in the air, and the oxygen subject to the bacteria-killing
treatment by the ultraviolet filter reaches the air dispersing stone through the detection valve and the
bubble bucket and then dissolve in the cold water bucket. The advantages are as follows: the oxygen
generator is additionally arranged, and the oxygen in the air can be selectively extracted, disinfected
and sterilized through the ultraviolet germicidal lamp, and then enters the purified drinking-
waterthrough the air dispersing stone, so that the oxygen water helpful to human body healthy can be
generate

The utility model relates to a filtration and sterilization anti-contamination device. A plurality of hollow 1
fiber mousse bundles are wrapped in a membrane shell; a glass cover is arranged in the center of the
membrane shell; an ultraviolet light tube is arranged inside the glass cover; and resin is filled between
the hollow fiber mousse bundles. The filtration and sterilization anti-contaminationdevice does not
need to be cleaned with chemicals when being restarted even after stop, does not generate odour
and achieves the purposes of sterilization and inhibition of odour. On application, thefiltration and
sterilization anti-contamination device adopts the design mode of combination of ultraviolet-ray
sterilization equipment or device with a filtration membrane, and forms the design of acrafty integrated
embedded structure. The filtration and sterilization anti-contamination device guarantees the water
flux of an ultra-filtration membrane to a greater degree, does not need to be cleaned with medicines
when being restarted even after stop and does not generate odour, thus saving chemical medicines
and protecting environment simultaneously, therefore, the device is energy-saving and environment-
friendl

The utility model discloses a pretreatment device for a household ultra-filtration water purifier, which 1
comprises an ultra-filtration filter connected with a water pipe, a PP filter and an active carbon filter,
wherein the ultra-filtration filter is positioned behind the PP filter and in front of the active carbon filter.
The pretreatment device for the household ultra-filtration water purifier prevents the ultra-filtration
membrane of the ultra-filtration filter from generating microbiological pollution and simultaneously can
prolong the service life of the ultra-filtration membran

The utility model discloses a mechanical cleaning device of an ultra-filtration water purifier, which 1
comprises a cleaning screen arranged in a shell body; the cleaning screen is connected with a
cleaning key, the shell body is provided with membrane wire, the top of the shell body is provided with
a screw thread connector, the inner diameter of the upper part of the screw thread connector is
smaller than that of the lower part, the top of the screw thread connector is provided with a screw cap
with a hole, the cleaning key is connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod passes
throughthe screw cap with the hole to connect the cleaning screen, the top of the cleaning screen is
provided with a cleaning connecting block, the cleaning connecting block is provided with a sealing
ring which is matched with the inner diameter of the upper part of the screw thread connector. The
mechanical cleaning device of the ultra-filtration water purifier mainly adopts the manual driving
method to makes the cleaning key and the cleaning screen move up and down or rotate forward and
reversely, the requirements of the up-and-down movement and the forward-and-reverse rotation of
the cleaning screen can be met through exerting force on the cleaning key by the motor or other
driving devices, which makes the cleaning faster, more efficient, safer and more reliable; therefore,
the mechanical cleaning device of the ultra-filtration water purifier can be widely applied to the
cleaning of the water purifie
The utility model relates to a system for removing trivalent arsenic ions and pentavalent arsenic ions 1
in water. The system comprises three parts, including the pretreatment of water containing arsenic,
the adsorption of nano-adsorbent and the treatment of de-adsorbed liquid. A water pump supplies the
water containing the arsenic to a filtering device through a pipeline; the filtering device is connected
with the water inlet of a dearsenicator filled with nanometer filtering material; the water outlet of the
dearsenicator discharges water under standard; the de-adsorbed liquid of the dearsenicator is
connected with the liquid inlet of a multi-stage mixing groove through a pipeline; and the multi-stage
mixing groove is connected with the liquid inlet of a sedimentation tank. The system hasthe
advantages of simple process, stable and reliable running operation, simple handling operation and
easy control. No medicament is added during the processing operation, and the secondary
pollutionafter the water treatment is not increased. The system is adopted for removing the trivalent
arsenic ions and the pentavalent arsenic ions in the water, so that clear liquid can be obtained, and
thedischarge reaches the related national standar

The utility model relates to an integrated ultra-purification water tank, which comprises a treatment 1
unit and a water storage purification tank; and comprises an active-carbon filtering unit (1), a
ultraviolet sterilization unit (2), an electrode activation unit (3), a raw water tank (4), an electric control
cabinet (5), a base (6), a booster pump (7), a water tank cover (8), a ball valve (9), awater outlet (10),
a water inlet (11), a storage water tank (12), a raw water tank overflow port (13), a raw water tank
drainage port (14), a water inlet floating-ball valve (15), a filtering device drainage port (16), a storage
water tank overflow port (17), a storage water tank drainage port (18) and raw water. The ultraviolet
sterilization unit selects a Holland Phillips ultraviolet lamp, so the lamp tube has long service life, the
sterilization effect is remarkable, and the sterilization rate reaches up to 99.9 percent; and the active-
carbon filtering unit selects a compressed active carbon rod filtering core with excellent quality, so the
dissolved organic substances, free chlorine and remained agricultural chemical in the water can be
effectively removed, and the taste of the water can be obviously improve

The utility model discloses a circulating water pollution-free aquaculture tank, particularly an
aquaculture tank made of reinforced concrete in plastic shelter, wherein a water filtration tower is
arranged at one end of the aquaculture tank, pebbles with different sizes are placed in the water
filtration tower to remove suspended matters out of the water, and then the suspended matters are
discharged from a valve below the tower; the filtered water is let into an U-shaped water trough
arranged above the aquaculture tank, and an ultraviolet lamp and an ozonizer are mounted at the
outlet of theU-shaped water trough so as to disinfect the filtered water; a temperature control alarm
with thermal resistance can ensure the normal water temperature in the tank, and the water after
being treatedcan return to the aquaculture tank to be used in circulating way. A plurality of the
circulating water pollution-free aquaculture tanks can be arranged in one aquaculture farm, so as to
provide conditions for the aquaculture of different varieties of fishes, thereby realizing multi-variety
aquaculture in one farm, and providing an optimum environment for all the fishes to grow up rapidly,
which not only meets the social demands, but also enables aquaculture farmers to achieve the best
economic benefit

The utility model belongs to water treatment and purification equipment, and particularly relates to an 1
external pressure type ultra-filtration membrane water purification device which can treat conventional
surface water and underground water with high content of Fe and Mn. The external pressure type
ultra-filtration membrane water purification device comprises a blast blower, an aeration tank,
afiltration tank, an ultra-filtration membrane filter and a clean water tank. Raw water is collected in the
clean water tank after sequentially flowing through the aeration tank, the filtration tank and the ultra-
filtration membrane filter. The external pressure type ultra-filtration membrane water purification
device is characterized in that: the ultra-filtration membrane water purification device further
comprises a flocculating sedimentation tank, and the flocculating sedimentation tank is connected with
the aeration tank and the filtration tank; the raw water enters the ultra-filtration membrane filter after
flowing through the aeration tank, the flocculating sedimentation tank and the filtration tank; and the
filter is an external pressure type ultra-filtration membrane filter. Beinghighly integrated, the water
purification device is suitable for various water turbidities; moreover, the water purification device has
other characteristics of wide application range, low water outlet turbidity, stable water quality, short
staying time, high water production rate, high integration, relatively simple controlling, convenient
management, small volume, convenient installation and short construction perio
A device for treating micro-polluted surface water belongs to the technical field of drinking water 1
advanced purifying treatment and comprises a raw water basin, a raw water filter, a biological filtering
basin, a coagulating basin, a sedimentation basin, a middle water basin, an ultra-filtration membrane
component and a clear water basin. A raw water pump is arranged between the raw water basin and
the biological filtering basin; the biological filtering basin is connected with the coagulating basin
through a valve and a pipeline; the coagulating basin, the sedimentation basin and the middlewater
basin are connected with one another through a pipeline and a valve respectively; an ultra-filtration
water inlet pump is arranged between the middle water basin and the ultra-filtration membrane
component; the ultra-filtration membrane component is connected with the clear water basin through
a pipeline and a valve; an aeration blowing system and a biological filtering basin back-washing
system are arranged at the bottom of the biological filtering basin; a dosing system is arranged
outside the coagulating basin; and an ultra-filtration back-washing system is arranged outside the
ultra-filtration membrane component. The utility model organically integrates biological degradation
and coagulation with ultra-filtration physical retention, has the effect of better removing ammonia
nitrogen, organisms and the like in the micro-polluted surface water, and is novel drinking water
advanced purifying equipmen

The utility model provides a purifying drinking fountain, which comprises a main body, a primary 1
purifying water tank, a micro switch, a water nozzle assembly, a heating device, a water pump and a
water storage tank, wherein the primary purifying water tank is fixed on the main body, the water
storage tank is arranged on the top of the primary purifying water tank, a first filter core assembly is
arranged between the water storage tank and the primary purifying water tank, the water outlet of the
primary purifying water tank is connected with the water outlet of the water pump by a communicating
pipe, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the water outlet of a second filter core
assembly by a communicating pipe, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the water
inlet of the electric heating device by a communicating pipe, the water outlet of the electric heating
device is connected with the water nozzle assembly arranged on the main body by a communicating
pipe, the water nozzle assembly is provided with a water-taking key, the motion orbit of the water-
taking key is fixedly provided with the micro switch, and the starting control switch of the water pump
is connected with the micro switch by a lead. The utility model can have the timely filtering function,
ensures the freshness of the purified water, in addition, the utility model is provided with the heating
device, thus having the heating function, and ensuring that the user can conveniently drink hot wate

The utility model discloses a softening type ultra-filtration water purifier which comprises a water inlet 1
valve and an ultra-filtration core. The water inlet valve is connected with a running water pipe, and the
ultra-filtration core is connected with the water inlet valve. At least one purified softening water outlet
branch is connected at the purified water outlet end of the ultra-filtration core, and is composed by the
matching and serial phase connecting of a softener, a first water outlet valve and a first water outlet
tap branch. A wash water tap is directly connected at the wash water outlet end of the ultra-filtration
core. Running water directly enters the ultra-filtration core, and purified water is raw water of the
softener after being filtered by an ultra-filtration membrane in the ultra-filtration core. As the wash
water tap is directly connected at the wash water outlet end of the ultra-filtration membrane, waste
wash water can be directly discharged by the wash water tap. By integrating the functions of purifying
and softening into one, the softening type ultra-filtration water purifier can respectively meet the
requirements of obtaining ultra-filtration purified water and softened water, completely purify the raw
water entering the softener, and prolong the service life of softening resin; moreover, the ultra-filtration
membrane wash water is convenient to be collected and recycled. Therefore, the softening type ultra-
filtration water purifier saves both water and energ
The utility model relates to advanced oxidation emergency deep treatment water and disinfection and 1
sterilization liquid preparing equipment which belongs to the technical field of the application of gas
ionization discharge physics, atmospheric pressure plasma physics and environmental engineering
and the like, and is characterized in that ozone/cavitation assists in producing hydroxyl radical and
induces a series of hydroxyl radical chain reaction, so as to oxidize and decompose all organic
pollutants, micro-organisms and other pollutants in micro-polluted surface water or underground
water, until they are degraded into carbon dioxide, water and trace inorganic salt; and simultaneously,
the equipment carries out biological activated carbon adsorption physical and chemical adsorption
and biological degradation fine filtration at the post level, so that the biological activated carbon meets
the requirements of 'Drinking Water Health Standards' and 'Army Wartime Drinking Water Health
Standards'. The equipment has the advantages of inactivating viruses, bacteria, toxin,
cryptosporidium, algae and other microorganisms and oxidizing and decomposing organic pollutants
within 2 to 10 seconds, has 98 to 100 percent microorganism inactivation rate and organic matter
removal rate, and can solve the difficulty in the drinking water and disinfection and sterilization liquid
supply of disaster areas and battlefield

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental cleaning, and relates to a
photocatalytic reaction device for water treatment. In the utility model, a support frame and a reactor
vessel are arranged between a flange cover body and a flange base respectively; the support frame is
positioned at the periphery of the reactor vessel; at least one ultra-violet lamp tube and one U-shaped
quartz sleeve are arranged in the reactor vessel; the ultra-violet lamp tube is positioned in the U-
shaped quartz sleeve; the ultra-violet lamp tube and the U-shaped quartz sleeve are connected with
the flange cover body; and a quartz sleeve opening is formed at one end of the U-shaped quartz
sleeve connected with the flange cover body. The utility model achieves the purposes of simple
process structure, high catalytic efficiency, low probability of deactivation of catalytic agent, and
optimized treatment intensity and treatment cos

The utility model relates to a semipermeable membrane used for water purification, in particular to a 1
membrane element of a plate-type ultrafiltration membrane component, which includes a first
membrane, a second membrane and a screen mesh clamped between the first and the second
membranes, wherein the peripheral edges of the first membrane, the second membrane and the
screen mesh are overlapped and fixed to form edge covering; and a perforation penetrating the first
membrane, the second membrane and the screen mesh is formed in the center position of the
membrane element. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, larger
superficial area, and efficient improvement on the water purification efficiency; the membrane aperture
ranges from 0.01-0.03 Mum, and the possibility of blockage is low; the membrane material is the
smooth semipermeable membrane material, the possibility of adhesion is low, and sundries can be
washed away easily when washing is required; and compared with the membrane element having a
hollow fiber structure, the utility model has the advantages of low possibility of damage, large flux, et

The utility model provides an ultraviolet disinfecting system for treating the biological pollution of
water, capable of treating the microbials in the natural water such as algae and the like, in particular
capable of removing the algae and controlling the growth. The ultraviolet disinfecting system
comprises an ultraviolet disinfecting equipment and a cavity, the ultraviolet disinfecting equipment
comprises an ultraviolet radiation device and an installing and fixing device and an electric-controlled
apparatus, the cavity, as a whole, has a bottom and sides which are sealed and a top which is
opened, the cavity comprising a water inlet chamber, a disinfecting chamber and a water discharging
chamber which are communicated in order, the water inlet chamber is arranged at one end of the
cavity, the disinfecting chamber and the water discharging chamber are arranged in order after the
water inlet chamber, the ultraviolet radiation device is arranged in the disinfecting chamber, water
holes are arranged at the side of the water discharging chamber, adjacent to the bottom, water
flowing from the water inlet chamber to the disinfecting chamber are irradiated by the ultraviolet and
discharged through the water holes of the water discharging chamber, and the ultraviolet disinfecting
system can be widely used in the algae control of natural water and other water in an artificial lake, a
reservoir and the lik
The utility model provides a circulating water by-pass flow comprehensive water treatment device, 1
belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and especially provides a multifunctional
comprehensive treatment device which integrates high-effective sterilization, scale prevention, algae
removal, filter and corrosion prevention of pipelines, has low operation cost, and is green and free
from pollution. The water treatment device comprises a descaling motor (1), a micro electrolysis
processing unit (2), a cyclone separating device (3), a filter device (4), a full-automatic blowoff valve
(5), an electric control device (6), a bracket (7), a water inlet (8), a water outlet (9) and a drain hole
(10), and effectively guarantees the safe operation of a circulating water syste

The utility model relates to an integrated super-purified silence non-negative pressure water supply 1
device which comprises a super-purified water treatment unit, a non-negative pressure water tank, a
pump in a soundproof pipe and an electric cabinet, wherein the super-purified water treatment unit is
composed of an active carbon filter unit (1), an ultraviolet disinfecting unit (2), an electrode activation
unit (3), a non-negative pressure water tank (4), a pump in a soundproof pipe (5), an electric cabinet
(6), a base (7), a valve (9), a water outlet pipe (9), a water inlet pipe (10) and a pressure sensor (11),
the active carbon filter unit (1), the ultraviolet disinfecting unit (2) and the electrode activation unit (3)
are arranged in the non-negative pressure water tank, the non-negative pressure water tank (4) is
located above the base (7), the water inlet pipe is direction connected in series with an outdoor urban
water supply pipeline, the inlet of the pump in a soundproof pipe (5) above the base (7) is connected
with the non-negative pressure water tank, and the electric cabinet (6) is arranged on the right upper
corner of the water tank (4), thereby forming a compact water supply system. The integrated super-
purified silence non-negative pressure water supply device has the functions of purifying water quality,
sterilizing and disinfecting, retaining freshness of water and guaranteeing water pressure, can utilize
pressure from a tap water pipe, and is energy-saving to operate, and the pump in pipe which is used
has small occupied area, ultra-low noise and the like, and is mainly suitable for places with secondary
pressurized water supply where water quality of urban supply water does not satisfy the hygienic
requirement

The utility model relates to a purifying and disinfecting water treatment machine. The purifying and
disinfecting water treatment machine belongs to purifying and disinfecting treatment equipment which
is used in secondary water supply systems such as an underground water tank, a roof water tank and
the like and in water supply systems of pharmaceutical, food, beverage, winemaking industries and
the like. The purifying and disinfecting water treatment machine belongs to the technical field of water
treatment, and is mainly composed of an activated carbon filtering unit, an ultraviolet disinfecting unit,
an electrode activating unit, a water purification tank, an electric control box, a base and a
pressurizing pump. The purifying and disinfecting water treatment machine can effectively remove not
only heavy metal such as iron, mercury and the like in running water, but also organic substances
harmful to human bodies; moreover, the purifying and disinfecting water treatment machine can
effectively kill bacteria in the running water and can effectively improve the activity of water molecules.
Therefore, the purifying and disinfecting water treatment machine can be widely applied in the field of
water treatment, including the secondary water supply systems such as the underground water tank,
the roof water tank and the like and the water supply systems of pharmaceutical, food, beverage,
winemaking industries and the lik

The utility model provides a portable seawater desalting ultra-filter which comprises a resin filter layer 1
and an ultra-filtration film filter device; a closed container is internally provided with a baffle plate; the
central hole of the baffle plate is fixed with a film shell and a filter core which consists of an ultra-
filtration film and a filter layer; the top part of the upper cover of the film shell is provided with a water
inlet; the bottom part of the film shell is provided with a water outlet; the upper cover of the film shell is
internally provided with a bolt which is screwed with the shell; an upper hole of the film shell is
internally provided with a nut which is screwed with the upper cover; the center of the upper cover is
also provided with the nut which is screwed with the filter core; the upper end of the filter core is
provided with a bolt which is screwed with the upper cover; the film shell is internally provided with a
KDF filter bag, a resin filter bag and an ultra-filtration film filter core from bottom to top; the top part of
the container is provided with the water inlet; the right side of the lower part of the container is
provided with the water outlet; the water outlet of the ultra-filtration film filter device is communicated
with the water inlet of a water purifying tank; and the portable seawater desalting ultra-filter is
economical and practical, has good filtration effect, and can provide qualified and healthy drinking
water for crew on ships and inshore families and island familie
A multi-functional ultra-filtration straight drinker for southern water system use points is used for family 1
terminal purifying tap water. The multi-functional ultra-filtration straight drinker is formed by a multi-
media filter component, an ultra-filtration film component, an active carbon filter component, a desk-
type base; and the multi-media filter component, the ultra-filtration film component and the active
carbon filter component are sequentially connected in series by PE hose pipes and rapid joints. The
service life of an ultra-filtration film is greatly prolonged by a preceding stage multi-media
preprocessing component; mouth feel of ultra-filtration outlet water is greatly improved by a post-
stage active carbon filter component and can be compared with purified water; water molecule
structure changed by a high-energy permanent magnet improves physiological function of water on
human bodies; and the high-energy permanent magnet is arranged inside the multi-media filter
component. The multi-functional ultra-filtration straight drinker adopting the structural method of the
desk-type base and the rapid joints enables assembly, disassembly and maintenance to be extremely
convenient, and connecting pipes adopting rapid insertion method can be instantly inserted and
pulled. The multi-functional ultra-filtration straight drinker is extremely adaptable to southern water
systems with multiple micro-organism, multiple colloid and over-used disinfectant

The utility model discloses a novel ceramic composite membrane water purifier which comprises a
housing and a purifying cylinder in the housing. The purifying cylinder divides the inner chamber of
the housing into a raw water area in the purifying cylinder and a clean water area outside the purifying
cylinder. The raw water area is connected with a water inlet which is originally provided on the
housing. The clean water area is connected with a water outlet which is originally provided on the
housing. The purifying cylinder has a tubular structure which is composed of titanium dioxide ceramic
composite membrane material. The raw water area is also provided with an ultraviolet tube. According
to the utility model, as a combined technique of titanium dioxide photocatalysis degradation by
ultraviolet light and ceramic film separation, not only can the durable organic pollutant be degraded
through catalysis degradation for eliminating the potential hazard, but also an excellent sterilizing
effect is obtained. The membrane pollution is reduced. The high-quality and safe driving water is
obtained. Simultaneously the ceramic composite membrane water purifier has the advantages of
simple structure, stable operation and long service lif

A household detoxication and health protection instrument comprises a mainframe and a container 1
connected through a conducting pipe and a connector link, wherein the mainframe comprises an air
purification device, an ozone generating device, an ultrasonic power panel, an ultra-violet lamp, a
control display panel, and a control circuit board electrically connected with all other parts; and the
container comprises a water tank and an upper cover and has photocatalyst coated on the surface
thereof. A ultrasonic transducer, a water level sensor and a gas-water mixer are arranged at the
bottom of the container; an ozone tail gas treatment box is arranged in the upper cover; the air
purification device comprises a front filter screen, an HEPA screen, a photocatalyst screen, activated
charcoal, anion, etc.; and the ozone generating device comprises a gas source treatment pipe, an
ozone generator and an air pump, and is communicated with the water tank through a conduit. The
detoxication and health protection instrument is suitable for disinfection and purification of drinking
water, cleaning and disinfection of dishware, and degradation of pesticides and hormone residue in
household use, and has excellent effect on air purification and pollution controlling on food, air, et

The utility model discloses a portable spherical water purifier, which comprises a spherical container 1
and a water purifying casing body. A connection water pipe is arranged between the spherical
container and the water purifying casing body; a water inlet is arranged on the spherical container
corresponding to one lateral wall of the connection water pipe; a water outlet is arranged on the water
purifying casing body corresponding to one lateral wall of the connection water pipe; a water
discharge opening is arranged at the position perpendicular to the lower end of the lateral wall of the
water outlet; and activated carbon and an ultra-filter film element are sequentially arranged inside the
water purifying casing body. The portable spherical water purifier can effectively stop bacteria and
particle suspended matters in water, can obtain water capable of being directly drunk and facilitate
safe water drinking outdoors, and adopts an elastic ball container to serve as filter power, thereby
being sanitary and convenient when being used outdoors. Besides, the water discharge opening is
arranged, thereby facilitating washing of an ultra-filter film and prolonging the service life of the ultra-
filter film. Moreover, the portable spherical water purifier has the advantages of simple structure,
convenient use, low cost, easy popularization and the lik
The utility model discloses a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane water treatment device, which is 1
formed by a frame (1), a hollow fiber filter (2), a water inlet pipeline (3) and a drainage pipeline (4).
The hollow fiber filter comprises a plurality of hollow fiber pipes and a casing, micro pores are fully
distributed on walls of the hollow fiber pipes densely distributed in the casing, and the upper end, the
lower end and the lateral wall of the casing are provided with connectors. The plurality of hollow fiber
filters are fixed on the frame in array, the connectors of the upper end of the casing are all connected
with the water inlet pipeline or the drainage pipeline, connectors of the lower end of the casing are
connected with the drainage pipeline or the water inlet pipeline, and the connectors of the lateral wall
of the casing are connected with the drainage pipeline. The water treatment device can effectively
remove bacteria, bacillus coli, pyrogens and other harmful bacteria and colloid macromolecular
organic compounds through secondary treatment of purified mine inrush water by primary treatment
technique, filtered water pollution index SDI is smaller than or equal to 4, turbidity is smaller than or
equal to 1 NTU, the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane water treatment device leads emission of the
mine inrush water to reach national standard, and the purified mine inrush water can be reuse

The utility model discloses a dual-core water purification filtering membrane system comprising one or 1
more hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane components and one or more ceramic membrane
components, wherein the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane components and the ceramic
membrane components are parallelly and serially connected through pipes; and the parallel series
mode is that the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane components are in front of the ceramic
membrane components. The dual-core water purification filtering membrane system also comprises
one or more of active carbon filter elements and medical stone filter elements. The dual-core water
purification filtering membrane system is not easy to block the filter elements of the ceramic
membrane, thus prolonging the service life of equipment and improving the lasting efficiency of water
purificatio

The utility model provides a water purifier active carbon filter element with a folding protective layer, 1
which comprises a non-woven filter layer made of non-woven cotton fibers, chemical fibers or carbon
fibers; the folded non-woven filter layer is wound and orderly lined around a compressed active
carbon filer element hollow tube to form a round of outer folding protective layer; the inner side of the
filter element is provided with a middle water outlet cavity; a non-woven cloth protective layer is
arranged in the water outlet cavity; both ends of the water outlet of the filter element are provided with
protective end covers; and the end covers are provided with plastic anti-leakage gaskets. By adopting
a novel process of integrating a novel folding filter protective layer and novel high-efficiency nano
silver anti-bacterial material into folding non-woven fiber material, the water purifier active carbon filter
element with the folding protective layer updates the manufacturing method of a traditional filter
element, improves the antibacterial and filter effect so that folding filter layers are lined carefully and
uniformly, simultaneously increases the water cross section and improves the deodoring effect,
improves the filter treatment quality standard for water quality, and prolongs the service life of the filter
elemen

The utility model relates to a quartz tube sealing system, which is applied to a trestle ultraviolet
sterilizing system and belongs to the field of water sterilizing and treatment in the water environmental
protection industry. In a traditional quartz tube sealing mode, an equipment electrical portion is always
damaged when contacting with water due to poor sealing property. The quartz tube sealing system
utilizes a double-layered sealing structure, namely sealing between a quartz sleeve and a support and
sealing between the quartz sleeve and a lamp tube plug, thereby guaranteeing safety and reliability of
the sealing system. Even if the quartz sleeve is damaged, water can not enter a wiring supporting leg
to damage an electrical system, thereby guaranteeing safety of the total syste
The utility model relates to a pipeline-type water purifier, and discloses a multi-stage combined- 1
pipeline ultra-filtration water purifier which comprises a pipe body, a sewage draining hole arranged
on the pipe body, left and right end covers matched with the pipe body, and an ultra-filtration
membrane filter element installed inside the pipe body, wherein a middle circular ring handle pipe
body arranged in the middle inside the pipe body is divided into left and right cavities; the left cavity is
internally provided with a preposed filter element which is provided with a set of filtering device; a left
double-pass pipe joint is arranged between the left end cover and the pipe body, and the left end
cover is provided with a water inlet; the right cavity is internally provided with the ultra-filtration
membrane filter element, and a right double-pass pipe joint is arranged between the right end cover
and the right end of the pipe body; the right end cover is provided with a water outlet; and the pipe
body is respectively fastened and connected with the left and the right end covers by fastening
connecting pieces. The preposed filter element is arranged in front of the ultra-filtration membrane
filter element, and the water is firstly filled into the preposed filter element for pretreatment, so that the
quality of the purified water is improved, the ultra-filtration membrane filter element is protected, and
the service life of the water purifier is prolonge

The utility model relates to a ternary structure field-effect water purification machine, comprising a 1
shell and a purifier. The utility model is characterized in that the purifier in the shell is composed of an
optical purification bed, a magnetizing bed and a micro electrolytic bed which are connected into a
water way in series. As the water purification machine adopting the technical scheme is provided with
the optical purification bed, the magnetizing bed and the micro electrolytic bed, the processed water
quality is increased in the roles of a light wave field, a magnetic field and an electric field. No filter
material or adsorbing material enters in water to cause secondary pollution, so the water quality
obtains photochemical catalysis or magnetization. Under the effect of light, the water purification
machine can quickly disinfect and eliminate chlorine organic matters, so the water is electrolyzed, the
polymerization and pH value of water molecules is improved, the maintenance quantity of products is
reduced, and the filter material is not replaced. The scheme is suitable for manufacturing of various
electric heaters, water dispensers, hydrotherapy instruments, therapy apparatuses and purification
equipment of drink water and dining room wate

The utility model relates to a hollow fiber filtering membrane component, which comprises a hollow 1
fiber filtering membrane, a central tube and a shell, the hollow fiber filtering membrane is wrapped in
the shell, the central tube is provided with a branch communicated with the central tube, and water
holes are arranged on the central tube and the branch. The utility model enables a liquid to be filtered
to be distributed and collected in the component evenly, characteristics of high filling density and big
effective filtering area of the hollow fiber filtering membrane component are fully enhanced, and the
filtering efficiency and water quality are greatly improved; problems of low water yield and poor
cleaning effect of the current ultra-filtration component are effectively solved, the liquid flows
everywhere in the working process, and dead zones are nonexistent; and the utility model has
advantages of high water yield, good cleaning effect and convenient assembl

The utility model relates to an RO film water purifier with a front middle device and a sea water 1
desalinating unit, which comprises a manual-automatic integrated pollution discharge control system
and a multi-media filter device, and is also provided with a reverse osmosis RO film filter device,
wherein the combination position of a cylinder body of a sealed container of the RO film water purifier
and an upper seal head is provided with a bolt and a nut; the inside of the sealed container is
provided with an upper ring-shaped baffle; the ring-shaped baffle is provided with three circular water
outlet clamping tubes; the inside of the bottom of the sealed container is provided with three circular
water inlet clamping tubes; the RO film filter element membrane shell is arranged on the left side, the
right side and the middle part of the sealed container; the inside of the membrane shell is provided
with an RO film; the middle part of the membrane shell is provided with a water producing pipe; one
end of the water producing pipe is provided with a silica gel sealing ring; the periphery of the water
producing pipe is provided with concentrate water channels; the bottom of the sealed container is
provided with a water inlet; the top of the sealed container is provided with a water outlet; and a water
outlet of the multi-media filter device is communicated with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis RO
film filter device. The RO filter water purifier of the utility model is economic and practical and can
provide qualified and healthy purified water for personnel on the ships in the sea areas and families in
the coastal area
The utility model relates to a water purifier, which comprises a water purification tank, a water inlet 1
and a water outlet. A front settling filter element, a front particle active carbon filter element, a hollow
fiber ultra-filtration filter element, a rear active carbon filter element and a TCR active carbon filter
element are arranged in the water purification tank. The water outlet of the filter elements is
connected with a water outlet valve through a hose. The water purifier takes municipal water for public
use as raw water which is purified by the filter elements stage by stage to remove impurities in water
and thereby users can drink clean, hygienic and high-quality potable wate

The utility model relates to a processing device of direct drinking water, which aims to provide a 1
production device of plant enzyme healthy water. The production device comprises a back-washing
type ultra filtration membrane filtering tank communicated with a water source inlet pipe as well as a
cation exchange resin filtering tank, a high-magnetic filter element filtering tank, a net mineral
magnetic core filtering tank, a negative potential energy hydrogen filtering tank, a precise activated
carbon filtering tank, a double control ceramic membrane nanometer KDF filter element filtering tank
and a post-positioned antibacterial high-density activated carbon filtering tank which are
communicated with the back-washing type ultra filtration membrane filtering tank in sequence. A water
outlet is formed on the post-positioned antibacterial high-density activated carbon filtering tank. The
production device is characterized in that a plant enzyme addition port is formed between the water
outlet of the negative potential energy hydrogen filtering tank and a water inlet of the precise activated
carbon filtering tank. The production device has the advantages that biological treatment is combined
with physical treatment, so that existing clean drinking water can be produced, and plant enzyme also
can be added; and through skillfully matching each process and used devices, the treatment benefit is
high, and the service life is lon

The utility model relates to a filtering device for suction, which is suitable for dipping in drinking water 1
for users to suck drinking water. The filtering device for suction comprises a containing shell, a
sucking tube plugged in the containing shell and a filtering unit arranged in the containing shell. A
containing space is surrounded in the containing shell, and a water inlet and a water outlet are
respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the containing shell. One end of the sucking tube is
communicated to the water outlet and the containing space. The filtering unit is provided with at least
one nano silver filtering layer in the containing space for separating the water inlet and the water
outlet and a filtering object filled in the containing space. By using the nano silver filtering layer and
the filtering object arranged in the containing shell, drinking water flowing through the filtering unit can
be completely sterilized and deodorized to maintain the safety of the drinking water of the user

The utility model relates to the technical field of testers, in particular to a dry-method tester with an 1
ultra-filtration-membrane filter element. The dry-method tester comprises a barrel with one end being
closed and the other end being open, and a barrel cover and an ultra-filtration-membrane filter
element which are matched with the barrel, wherein the top end of the barrel cover is provided with an
air outlet which is matched with the ultra-filtration-membrane filter element; an inner ring or an outer
ring at the lower end of the barrel cover is provided with inner threads or outer threads, and
correspondingly, the upper end of the barrel is provided with outer threads or inner threads in a
matched way; the barrel is connected with the barrel cover by threads in a locking way; and the side
wall of the barrel is provided with an air inlet. The dry-method tester with the ultra-filtration-membrane
filter element uses air for testing whether the ultra-filtration-membrane filter element is leaked or not,
the operation is convenient, the operation process is simple, the testing effect is good, and no
pollutant is generated in the testing process; and a rubber gasket is arranged between the barrel
cover and the barrel, thus improving the sealing effect, and further completely isolating the air in the
barrel from the air outside the barrel; and simultaneously, the dry-method tester can effectively test
whether the ultra-filtration membrane is leaked or not, thus guaranteeing the quality of product
The utility model discloses a microbial purified water ecological treatment system comprising a water 1
tank, wherein the bottom of local part in the water tank is provided with an ecological system
composed of a microcirculation filtration system; the microcirculation system can be divided into three
layers from top to bottom and comprises a structure frame used for isolating local water, clapboards
used for isolating all the layers, secondary ecological bases attached to the upper and lower parts of
the clapboards, ecological bases arranged in a three-dimensional way, and a micro water pump used
for circulating the water; and the micro water pump is arranged at the middle layer of the
microcirculation system. After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the
treatment system can lead the water quality of the water source within a certain pollution range to
change better gradually so as to lead the water source to be colourless and odor-free and the water
body to be transparent and keep long-time and stable high-standard landscape effect under the
situation of small electric quantity consumption and no chemicals, thus saving the expenses for
replacing water and manual cleaning and maintenanc

The utility model relates to a water purification device, particularly to a nano-photonic water 1
purification device. The utility model mainly solves the technical problems that the feeding treatment
effect is undesirable, the front-end treatment is improper in a conventional ozone and ultraviolet
combined treating device, and the mixing effect of ozone and water is bad. The utility model adopts
the technical scheme that the nano-photonic water purification device consists of an automatic
backwashing filter, a nano-photonic ozone generator, a Venturi steam water mixer, a steam water
mixer, and an ultraviolet sterilizer, wherein a water inlet is connected with an automatic backwashing
filter through a valve, the output end of the automatic backwashing filter is connected with the steam
water mixer through a valve, the output end of the steam water mixer is connected with the ultraviolet
sterilizer, the output end of the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected with a water outlet, the nano-photonic
ozone generator is connected with the other input end of the steam water mixer through a Venturi
tube, and the other output end of the automatic backwashing filter is connected with a drain outlet.
The utility model is mainly used for water quality purification and treatment in numerous fields of
urban landscape water and circulating water in the cooling tower of a central air-conditioning syste

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet type frequency conversion intelligent water treater which
belongs to a water treater and comprises the structure that: a water inlet, a water outlet, a drain outlet
are arranged on a tank body; a water inlet pressure gage, a PH value detector, a conductivity detector
are arranged at the water inlet; a water outlet pressure gage is arranged at the water outlet; a control
case is arranged outside the tank body; a filter screen and an inner brush are arranged in the tank
body; the inner brush is connected with an inner brush rotating shaft, the outer part of the inner brush
rotating shaft is connected with an inner brush motor, the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the
tank body are respectively provided with an ultrasonic generating electrode and an electromagnetic
emitting electrode; and the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the tank body are respectively
provided with an ultraviolet lamp tube. By adopting the structure, the ultraviolet lamp tubes are directly
arranged in the tank body to sterilize and remove alga through ultraviolet , ultrasonic and an
electromagnetic field without adding drugs; and in addition, the ultraviolet type frequency conversion
intelligent water treater has better sterilization effect compared with pure physical or chemical water
treatment methods, and is economical and environmental-friendl

The utility model discloses a titanium dioxide precoating dynamic membrane photocatalysis water
treatment device, which mainly includes a precoating dynamic membrane photocatalysis reactor and
a pre-reactor; an ultraviolet lamp, a ceramic membrane pipe and a gas distributing plate are arranged
in the precoating dynamic membrane photocatalysis reactor; the bottom of the precoating dynamic
membrane photocatalysis reactor is connected with a suction pump and an air compressor; the
ultraviolet lamp and a gas-liquid distributing plate are arranged in the pre-reactor; the precoating
dynamic membrane photocatalysis reactor and the pre-reactor are connected by a water inlet pipe
and a water outlet pipe to form a loop; and a titanium dioxide precoating dynamic membrane is added
in a suspended photocatalysis reactor for integration. The utility model has advantages of large solid-
liquid contact area, high reaction efficiency, simple preparation of precoating dynamic membrane and
sufficient reutilization of catalysts, and effectively decreases pollution to the ceramic membrane pipe,
prolongs the running period of the device, simplifies the cleaning regeneration technology of the
ceramic membrane pipe and reduces the running cos
The utility model discloses a water softening treatment device, which comprises a precision security 1
filter and a reactor. A water outlet of the precision security filter is connected with a water inlet of the
reactor, and a nano energy ball is contained inside the reactor. The water softening treatment device
can mainly be used for softening, regulating and controlling pH value, disinfection, algae suppression,
deodorization and purification treatment for supplementing water or circulating cooling wate

The utility model discloses a directly-drinking type water purifier, which comprises a drum and an 1
upper cover which are mounted into a whole. A composite filter element and an ultra-filtration
membrane are mounted inside the drum, and tap water enters a water inlet, is filtered via the ultra-
filtration membrane and the composite filter element and discharged via a water purifying opening. A
plurality of mounting holes are evenly distributed on the upper cover, pin holes matching with the
mounting holes are arranged on the drum, and the upper cover and the drum are mounted into a
whole by penetrating a fixing pin through the mounting holes of the upper cover to be fixed with the
pin holes after coordination of the upper cover and the drum. When in work, the directly-drinking type
water purifier effectively removes harmful heavy metal possibly contained in original water and
noxious substances such as bacteria, iron rusts, mud, adhesives, macromolecular organic matters
and the like contained in the water, and is capable of leading the upper cover and the drum to be
fixedly mounted more convenientl

The utility model relates to a water purifier under a cabinet with filter material replacement-prompting 1
function, which comprises a chassis frame, all levels of filtering units as well as a master water inlet
and a master water outlet which are arranged on the chassis frame, wherein all the levels of filtering
units are fixed inside the chassis frame and are connected with one another by a plurality of pipe
connecting pieces. All the levels of filtering units adopt the mode of ultra-filtrating, ultraviolet sterilizing
and filtrating or the mode of reverse osmosis RO membrane filtrating; and PP spraying-welding
filtering cores, front active carbons and rear active carbons of all the levels of filtering units are
respectively hot melted and packed by adopting an integrated sealing filtering pot. The water purifier
under the cabinet is provided with a filter material replacement-prompting device for prompting a user
to replace a filter material. The water purifier is smaller in volume, has good press-resistant
performance and higher safety, is convenient for assembly and disassembly, has the filter material
replacement-prompting function, and guarantees the user to use safe and health direct drinking wate

The utility model relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a renewable micro-pore folded 1
filter element, which comprises a filter membrane, an inner supporting cylinder, an outer supporting
cylinder, an upper end cover and a lower end cover, wherein the inner supporting cylinder and the
outer supporting cylinder are concentrically sheathed, the filter membrane is arranged between the
inner supporting cylinder and the outer supporting cylinder, the upper end cover is fixedly connected
with the upper end surface of the inner supporting cylinder and the outer supporting cylinder, and the
lower end cover is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the inner supporting cylinder and
the outer supporting cylinder. The renewable micro-pore folded filter element is characterized in that
the filter membrane is a single-layer flat-panel folded pleated filter membrane and gaps are arranged
among pleats of the pleated filter membrane. Since the filter membrane is a single-layer flat-panel
folded pleated filter membrane and gaps are arranged among the pleats, the filter membrane is in a
relaxed state, the pollutants are not apt to be accumulated, the vibrating scrubbing effect is taken
during backwashing and the pollutants can fall off easily. The utility model has the advantages of
reasonable structure, good pollution resistance, easy backwashing and regeneration, long service life,
low production cost, wide application scope and the lik
A nanometer photocatalyst germicidal water-purifying lamp comprises an ultraviolet lamp tube, fiber
fabric sleeved on the lamp tube and a connecting base, wherein photocatalyst is implanted in the fiber
fabric. The lamp is characterized in that the ultraviolet lamp tube takes the shape of a ring; clamping
grooves are formed at the two ends of the lamp tube; the connecting base comprises a base body
and an upper cover; half-clamping holes are formed respectively on two sides of the base as well as
the upper cover; the base body and the upper cover are fastened together and are sealed with liquid;
after the base body and the upper cover are fastened together, the two half-clamping holes form a
clamp hole; the clamping holes are matched with the clamping grooves; the clamping holes and the
clamping grooves are sealed with liquid; a power cord hole is formed on the connecting base; and the
power cord hole and a power cord are fixed together and sealed with liquid. By virtue of the structure,
the power cord sticks into the connecting base and is sealed with liquid, and the two ends of the
ultraviolet lamp tube stick into the connecting base and are sealed with liquid, so that water is
effectively prevented from entering the connecting base, and the phenomena of electric leakage and
short circuit of the power cord are avoided. Therefore, the lamp can be immersed in water to sterilize
and disinfect the water, so as to achieve the purpose of water purificatio

The utility model discloses anti-penetration equipment with a softened water device, which comprises
an ultrafilter, an active material absorption tank, an anti-penetration component, a sterilizing tank, an
ultraviolet sterilizer, an electronic water activator, and an automatic control system, wherein a water
storage tank is arranged between the sterilizing tank and the ultraviolet sterilizer, the electronic water
activator is connected with a user node by a pump, and a salt box and the resin softening device are
arranged between the active material absorption tank and the anti-penetration component. For the
anti-penetration equipment with the softened water device, the resin softening device is arranged in
front of the anti-penetration component, so that the calcium and magnesium ions in water can be
absorbed, the hardness of the water is reduced, the scale is prevented from forming in the process of
water treatment, the water producing efficiency is improved effectively, and the service life of the anti-
penetration membrane is prolonged effectively. The anti-penetration equipment with the softened
water device can be widely used for the industry of drinking water purificatio

The utility model relates to a net-mineralization double-core water purifier capable of directly treating
raw water, comprising an ultraviolet sterilization lamp; a container of a filter device is internally
provided with an upper ring-shaped clapboard and a lower ring-shaped clapboard; the central hole of
the upper ring-shaped clapboard is fixed with a filter part consisting of a flow guide pipe and a long
handle filter head; the long handle filter head is internally provided with a laser hole filter piece; the
right part of the upper ring-shaped clapboard is provided with the ultraviolet sterilization lamp; the
central hole of the lower ring-shaped clapboard is fixed with a net mineralization part consisting of a
filter cover, a left filter drum and a right filter drum; the left filter drum and the right filter drum are
internally and respectively provided with a multifunctional composite filter material and filter layer, an
activated aluminium oxide filter layer, a medical stone mineralization layer, a far infrared
mineralization ball filter layer and a honeycomb ceramic filter core from bottom to top; the side surface
of the lower part of a container barrel body; the lower part of the container barrel body is provided with
a purified water storing area, and the upper part of the container is provided with a water inlet; and the
side surface of the lower part of the sealed container is provided with a water outlet. The net-
mineralization double-core water purifier is economical and practical, has good net mineralization and
sterilization effect and can provide qualified and healthy drinking water for rural households and
outdoor operator

The utility model discloses a water-purifying device using photo-catalysis, which belongs to the field of
water treatment. The water-purifying device using photo-catalysis comprises a hollow tank having a
surface made from steel wires which are coated with a photo-catalyst titanium dioxide and an
ultraviolet lamp fixed in the tank. One embodiment of the utility model is that the producing cost for a
water-purifying device using photo-catalysis can be reduced, therefore enabling a mass production of
the device. Further characterized by a good water-purifying effect, the utility model is applicable to
water purifying of individual familie
The utility model relates to an ultra-filtration water purifier based on a hollow fiber membrane. The 1
ultra-filtration water purifier comprises a cylinder body, wherein a water inlet pipe is arranged at one
end of the cylinder body, and a water outlet pipe is arranged at the other end thereof; and a filtering
device arranged in the cylinder body comprises an activated carbon layer and a filtration membrane
layer. Chloroform, trichloromethane and other gases which are harmful to human bodies are filtered
out by the activated carbon layer from water flowing in from the water inlet pipe; solid substances,
flocculate, colloid particles and other impurities are filtered out from the water by the filtration
membrane layer, while mineral substances and trace elements which are beneficial to human bodies
are kept in the water, thus ensuring the good filtration effect; after the ultra-filtration water purifier is
used for a while, a sewage outlet can be opened to discharge the impurities and contaminants
deposited on the activated carbon layer and the filtration membrane layer through the water flow, thus
flushing out the impurities and contaminants without dismounting the water purifier; and the ultra-
filtration water purifier of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient flushing
and long service life of filter elements and low replacement frequency and reduces the service cos

The utility model relates to an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module with an anti- 1
pollution structure, which comprises a water production pipe, a raw water pipe, a central water
distribution pipe, a central water distribution hole, U-shaped membrane wires, a membrane shell, an
aeration device, an air inlet pipe, a concentrated water pipe and a pollutant enrichment region,
wherein the U-shaped membrane wires are vertically cast on the upper end of the membrane shell
and naturally hang, and an air distribution system is arranged at the lower end of a U-shaped
membrane module; and the pollutant enrichment region is arranged below the air distribution system.
The utility model has the advantages that: firstly, the membrane pollution can be effectively controlled,
so that the membrane keeps higher flux, and can be timely cleaned when being polluted so as to
quickly recover the membrane flux; secondly, the membrane wires are not in a tightening state, so the
aeration fully jitters to reduce the wire breaking probability; and finally, the V-shaped pollutant
enrichment region is arranged below the aeration device, and has no any components, accordingly,
when rinsing, the lower part of the membrane wire does not bear any resistance, and the rinsing
water can accelerate the discharge of pollutant

The utility model discloses a same side rotational flow water distribution device used for micro 1
filtration filtering pool, on one side of which are disposed a water inlet and outlet. In the pool is
disposed a filter element. Under the water outlet is dispose a water inlet, which is provided with a U-
shaped water inlet groove with an opening downward, and the upper part of the U-shaped water inlet
groove is connected with the water inlet. The water inlet and outlet are disposed on the same side of
the filtering pool provided in the same side rotational flow water distribution device, whereby water is
drew from the upper part of the filtering pool by the U-shaped water inlet groove, and a upward water
flow can be formed to raise little filter aid deposition on the bottom of the filtering pool, because the
water outlet is disposed above the water inlet. The utility model can be used for the filtering pool at
atmospheric pressure. The utility model is advantageous in that the upward water flow can enable the
filter aid on the bottom of the filtering pool to form a uniform dynamic filtering film; the realization of
micro-sized material filtering and water clarification and filtering can prevent the deposition of the filter
aid on the pool bottom to achieve better filtering effec

The utility model discloses a membrane type household water purifier which comprises a first seal 1
head, an embedded water distributor, an ultra-filtration membrane, a barrel, a second seal end, a
baffle plate, a filter element seal head, an inflowing water draft tube, a guide plate, a purifier water
inlet, an ultrafiltration-membrane water yielding port and an ultrafiltration-membrane concentrated
water port, wherein the first seal head is arranged at one end in the barrel, and provided with the
ultrafiltration-membrane water yielding port and the purifier water inlet; the inflowing water draft tube is
arranged at one side of the purifier water inlet and the filter element seal head is sheathed on the
inflowing water draft tube; the embedded water distributor is arranged at the center of one side of the
filter element seal head; the filter element seal head is provided with the U-shaped ultra-filtration
membrane; the second seal head is arranged at the other end in the barrel; the guide plate is
arranged at one side of the second seal head; the second seal head is provided with the ultrafiltration-
membrane concentrated water port; the first seal head and the second seal head are fixed in the
barrel by the baffle plate; and a seal ring is arranged between the first seal head and the second seal
head. The membrane type household water purifier has the advantages of reasonable design, simple
structure and lower cost, and is ideal water purifying equipment for familie
The utility model discloses a double-film water purifying and processing device, which comprises a 1
micro-filtering purifying unit (2), an activated carbon purifying unit (6), a UF film advanced processing
unit (7), a RO film advanced processing unit (8), a pressure barrel (12), two fresh-keeping bacterium
killing units (17) and a computer controller (15). The utility model combines the complementary
advantages of UF film and RO film separating technologies, one machine can simultaneously
generate mineral water and pure water, and a double-opening feed is provided for the user to mix two
purified water according to requirements, thereby solving the problems that the pure water is
excessive pure and slow and the traditional water purifying has scale incrustation, easily coping the
complicated water contamination problem, and all-directionally solving the kitchen health drinking
water requiremen

The utility model discloses an ultra filtrationmembrane water purifying machine with a filter core 1
maintaining-washing device, comprising a filter core, an outer wall of a filter core outer sleeve, a water
inlet pipeline, a drinking water outlet pipeline and a sewage discharging pipeline, wherein the sewage
discharging pipeline comprises a first sewage discharging pipeline and a second sewage discharging
pipeline, and the first sewage discharging pipeline is arranged at the water outlet end of the filter core
and the upper side of the drinking water outlet pipeline; each of the water inlet pipeline, the drinking
water outlet pipeline, the first sewage discharging pipeline and the second sewage discharging
pipeline is provided with a water valve; the second sewage discharging pipeline is arranged at the
water outlet side of the water valve of the water inlet pipeline; the water inlet end of the water valve of
the water inlet pipeline is further provided with a washing pipeline, the water entry end of the water
valve is connected with the water inlet pipeline, and the water outlet end of the valve is connected with
the drinking water outlet pipeline; the water entry end of the water valve is positioned at the drinking
water outlet pipeline; and the water outlet end of the washing pipeline is provided with a water valve.
The ultra filtrationmembrane water purifying machine with a filter core maintaining-washing device
does not need cleaning by professionals, can automatically clean filter cores only by opening and
closing some water valves, and has the advantages of good cleaning effect, convenience, low
maintenance cost and long service lif

The utility model discloses a filter element, which comprises a filter casing, filter layers and partition 1
layers, wherein the filter layers and the partition layers are arranged in the filter casing. The filter
element is characterized in that the filter casing comprises a filter cover and a core, the filter cover is
integrated with the core via hot melting, and four filter layers are disposed inside the core from top to
bottom and include a ceramic layer, an activated carbon layer, an ion resin layer and a nano metal
cluster granular layer. Besides, the core is a conical cup shaped structure, and the upper portion of
the conical cup shaped structure is provided with a flange which is flared. A water outlet is arranged at
the center of the lower end of the core, four grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the
core, sizes of each two adjacent grooves are different but sizes of each two symmetrical grooves are
identical, and the fronts of the grooves are in trapezoidal structures. The element filter can be
mounted, dismounted and replaced conveniently and used more stably, has simple structure, can be
used for purifying water more effectively and is environment-friendl

The utility model discloses a filter cloth rotary disk filter, which comprises a frame. A speed reduction 1
motor is arranged at one end of the frame, the speed reduction motor drives a hollow core rotary shaft
to move through a sprocket, the other end of the hollow core rotary shaft is fixed into a water
distribution hopper, a sheath is arranged above the frame, a plurality of filter disk groups are installed
inside the frame and on the hollow rotary shaft, and each filter disk set consists of six sheets forming
a circle. A backwash branched tube is arranged between every two filter disk groups, a plurality of
high-pressure washing spray nozzles are arranged on the branched tube, water spouts are arranged
on each spray nozzle, a water inlet distribution hopper is arranged at the other end of the frame, and
a cleaning water pump is arranged on the side face of the water distribution hopper. The filter cloth
rotary disk filter has the advantages that the filter can continuously run for twenty four hours without
stoppage during back washing, can realize continuous filter, and has fine processing effect. The bore
diameter of filter cloth is ten micrometers, and the intercepted grain diameter of filter cloth is ten-
micrometer smaller than that of micro particles, thereby ensuring outlet water quality and water outlet
steadiness. Further, water consumption for back washing is smaller, is 1%-2% of the total water inlet
capacity and is further smaller than water capacity needed for filter of other filter equipmen
The utility model discloses a novel water-purifying ecological floating bed. The main structure of the
ecological floating bed comprises a water-purifying ecological floating body, a plant-growing basket,
quick-connecting fasteners, plant-growing medium, floating blocks, microorganism ecological
medium, a floating bed carrier, ecological floating bed units and the like. The ecological floating bed is
produced by one-step injection molding or blow molding, antioxidation and ultraviolet-resistant
materials are adopted, the ecological floating bed is durable, the units can be freely assembled,
aquatic plant can be conveniently grown and harvested, the water-purifying ecological floating body is
so arranged or a plurality of water-purifying ecological floating bodies are so assembled that a
plurality of oxygen-rich air holes are formed, consequently, the water body can be contacted with the
air, a microflora in which oxygen-consuming microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms coexist
can be formed, and the effect of purifying the water body is achieved. The ecological floating bed,
which has the advantages of simple structure and quick and convenient mounting, can be arranged in
ponds, lakes, rivers or other water bodies to monitor, regulate, purify and increase water quality and
prolong the lives of plants and microorganisms, and moreover, the ecological floating bed can be
assembled into appropriate patterns according to requirements, and can achieve the purpose of
aquatic greenin

The utility model discloses a bushing type photocatalytic degradation device for water treatment,
which comprises a bushing type reactor, a solid-liquid separator, an ultraviolet lamp, a gas disperser
and an air supply system; the bushing type reactor is composed of an inner tube and an outer
bushing which are equal in length and are homocentric; both the inner tube and the outer tube are
made of quartz glass; the center of the inner tube is vertically through; a closed reaction zone is
formed between the outer side of the inner tube and the inner side of the outer bushing; the solid-
liquid separator is arranged above the upper closing plate of the busing type reactor, a membrane
separation component is arranged in the middle part of the solid-liquid separator in vertical direction,
and a separation membrane is horizontally arranged; and the ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the inner
tube of the bushing type reactor. The utility model can conveniently achieve the separation and the
recovery of the catalytic agent during photocatalytic degradation of organic wastewater, and can use
nature light source and artificial light source at the same time or respectivel

The utility model provides a field sterilization water-drinking cup, relates to a water cup capable of
fetching water outdoors and enabling the water to be directly drinkable. The water-drinking cup
comprises a water cup, a cover, a sterilization bin, a water suction pipe, ultraviolet LED lamps and a
battery; a filter layer mounted in the middle of the water cup divides the water cup into two parts,
wherein, a raw water cavity is formed at the upper part, and a purified water cavity is formed at the
lower part; the sterilization bin is mounted at the lower end of the water cup; the water suction pipe
passes through the filter layer and the bottom of the water cup and enters the sterilization bin, and
then makes a turn, further passes through the bottom of the water cup and enters the purified water
cavity; a plurality of ultraviolet LED lamps are mounted at the inner lower part of the water suction
pipe; and the ultraviolet LED lamps, the battery in the sterilization bin, and a switch mounted on the
outer wall of the sterilization bin form a control circuit. The water-drinking cup has the advantages of
convenient sterilization and no negative effec

A full-automatic backwash drain and ultrafiltration membrane water purifier comprises a nano KDF 1
filter layer and an ultrafiltration membrane filter. A left annular filter plate and a right annular baffle are
arranged in the airtight container. N round holes are arranged on the left annular filter plate, short
handle filter heads are arranged in all holes, and a laser eye filter disc, a nano KDF filter layer, a
nutrition mineralizing stone filter layer and a versatile composite filter media filter layer are arranged
on the surfaces of the filter heads. A filter part consisting of a filter element casing, an ultrafiltration
membrane and a cation exchange resin filter bag is fixed in the center hole of the right annular baffle.
Permeable gaps are distributed on the arc-shaped top of the filter element casing, a water outlet hole
is arranged on the bottom of the filter element casing, the ultrafiltration membrane filter element is
arranged at the upper middle part of the filter element casing, and the cation exchange resin filter bag
is arranged at the lower middle part of the filter element casing. A water inlet is arranged at the left
side of the airtight container, and a water outlet is arranged at the right side. The water outlet of the
solenoid valve is communicated with the water inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane filter. The water
purifier is economic and practical. The water purifier can supply qualified health drinking water to
families and enterprise
The utility model relates to micellar enhancing ultra-filtration water depth-purification equipment which 1
comprises a raw water tank (1), ultra-filtration film components, security filter elements (14), a water
storage tank (17) and a dispensing box (18); the raw water tank (1) and the dispensing box (18) are
communicated through a peristaltic pump (19) and are provided with stirrers (2); the water outlet of
the raw water tank (1) is communicated with the ultra-filtration film components through water pumps
(13) and the security filter elements (14), and is accessed to the water storage tank (17) through a
fourth valve (9); two ultra-filtration film components are arranged and are connected with the water
inlet of a backwash water tank (6); the water outlet of the backwash water tank (6) is connected with
the water inlet of the water pump (13); a second ultra-filtration film component (12) is respectively
connected with the water inlet of the water pump (13) and a concentrate export; and the micellar
enhancing ultra-filtration depth water purification equipment greatly improves the purity of water, and
the investment and operation costs are lo

Whole house dual water supply equipment comprises a primary filter device and a pressure barrel.
The primary filter device is connected with a running water outlet, the pressure barrel is used for
storing filtered purified water, and a water outlet of the primary filter device is sequentially connected
with a reverse osmosis membrane filter and a mineralization unit. Water yielded from the reverse
osmosis membrane filter is pure water, pH of the water is in faintly acid, the water seldom contain
mineral substances and is not suitable for long-term drinking, pH of the pure water can be adjusted
into neutrality or alkalescence through the mineralization unit, and simultaneously, the water is added
with mineral substances required by human bodies, is fine in taste and can be drank for a long time. A
first precision filter is connected to a water outlet of the mineralization unit so as to remove potentially
mixed mineral particles in water after being treated via the mineralization unit. Moreover, an ultraviolet
sterilizer is mounted at a water outlet end of the pressure barrel. When purified water is drank,
ultraviolet rays generated by the ultraviolet sterilizer can kill bacteria and other microorganism in the
water, thereby guaranteeing drinking water to achieve sanitary safety standards, and meeting direct
drinking requirement

The utility model relates to an integrated field purified water and softened water processing system, 1
which comprises a multi-media filter, ultra-filtration equipment, an activated carbon filter, a softener
and a softened water barrel which are sequentially connected, wherein a water inlet of the multi-
media filter is connected with an outlet of a raw water pump; an outlet of the softened water barrel is
respectively connected with an inlet of a softened water pump and an inlet of a high-pressure pump; a
softened water taking part is arranged on a pipeline connected to an outlet of the softened water
pump; an anti-osmosis device, a purified water barrel, a purified water pump and an ultraviolet
sterilizer are sequentially connected with a pipeline connected to an outlet of the high pressure pump;
and a purified water taking part is arranged on a pipeline connected to an outlet of the ultraviolet
sterilizer. The utility model can convert and process raw water in rivers, lakes, fields and the like into
purified water and softened water, so as to meet the needs of simultaneous taking of purified water
and softened water, and has the advantages of low operating cost and energy consumptio

A clean water dispenser comprises an outer cover (1). The outer cover (1) is arranged outside a water
tap of a water dispenser and provided with an automatic switch (2), four sides of the outer cover are
all foldable expansion surfaces, and the inner side of the automatic switch (2) close to the side of the
outer cover (1) is provided with an ultraviolet light (3). The clean water dispenser has the advantages
that when users need to drink water, the outer cover capped on the water tap can be folded inwards,
the automatic switch is opened automatically, the ultraviolet light is turned off, the water tap is
exposed to the automatic switch, and then the water dispenser dispenses water; after water
dispensing is finished, the outer cover is unfolded, the automatic switch is closed automatically, the
ultraviolet light is turned on to sterilize the inside of the outer cover, and the water tap keeps in a
nontoxic sterile state, thereby bringing benefit to human healt

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet sterilizer for water treatment, which comprises a lighting tube,
a quartz tube and a metal tube, wherein the quartz tube is sleeved outside the lighting tube, the metal
tube is sleeved outside the quartz tube, a water channel is formed between the metal tube and the
quartz tube, and a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed on the tube wall of the metal
tube. The ultraviolet sterilizer further comprises a plastic body tightly encompassed outside the metal
tube, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are respectively formed on the plastic body
correspondingly to the water inlet and the water outlet. As the plastic body is tightly encompassed
outside the metal tube, the structure not only shares the water pressure to enhance the anti-pressure
ability of the metal tube, but also lowers the overall cost since the cost of plastic is lower than that of
meta
The utility model discloses an unpowered purification water tank, which comprises an original water 1
tank and a water pump. The original water tank is provide with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe; a float
valve is arranged on the original water tank, a controller is arranged on the original water tank; a
purifier and a pure water tank are arranged in the original water tank; an ultra-filtration element is
arranged in the water purifier; the purifier is connected with the water pump through a raw water
valve, a check valve and a normally open solenoid valve sequentially; a water purifying probe is
arranged in the water purification tank, and is connected with the controller; the controller is
connected with the water pump; a supplementary exhaust pipe is arranged on the top of the water
purification tank; and the supplementary exhaust pipe is provided with a supplementary exhaust
valve. The unpowered purification water tank purifies water and discharges pollution when the user
uses water. With the bacterial removal rate of 99 percent, chroma of 1 degree which is fifteen times
higher than the national standard and turbidity of 0.5 NTU which is 6 times higher than the national
standard, the unpowered purification water tank is an ideal product for high-rise building

A natural alkalescent water production device comprises purified water production equipment 1
including a quartz sand filter, a resin filter, an activated carbon filter and a reverse osmosis RO
membrane which are sequentially connected by a pipeline. The natural alkalescent water production
device is characterized in that a stainless steel mineral filter element filter is connected to the rear of
the reverse osmosis RO membrane by a pipeline, and a water storage tank and an automatic filling
machine are connected to the rear of the stainless steel mineral filter element filter. An ozone sterilizer
and 1-3 postposition activated carbon filter elements can be mounted behind the stainless steel
mineral filter element filter, and a PP polypropylene cotton ultra-filtration membrane filter can be
mounted behind the post activated carbon filter elements. The natural alkalescent water production
device has the advantages that 1 alkalescent water produced by using urban tap water is not added
with any chemical raw materials such as additives and the like, is naturally generated by activating
alkaline minerals and is beneficial for health of a human body by the aid of long-term drinking of the
alkalescent water, and 2 the device is simple in the equipment and high in production efficienc

The utility model relates to a three-in-one miniature water purification rod for removing pollution by 1
stage. The three-in-one miniature water purification rod comprised a UF (Ultra filter) membrane filter
element, a first annular clapboard is arranged on the left part of a closed container, a first circular
gripper tube is arranged on the right side of the clapboard, a filter part consisting of a filter element
shell and multiple filter layers is fixed on the center hole on the left side of the clapboard, the filter
element shell is internally provided with a dimethicone crystal purification chamber, a laser hole filter
sieve, a multifunctional compound filter material layer, and a PP (Propene Polymer) fiber cellucotton
filter disc, a second annular clapboard is arranged on the right side inside the closed container, a
second circular gripper tube is arranged on the left side of the second annular clapboard, the first
circular gripper tube and the second circular gripper tube can be used for effectively fixing a PP
cellucotton filter element through rotating a left seal head, a third circular gripper tube used for fixing
the UF membrane element is arranged on the fifth seal head on the right side of the second annular
clapboard, the left seal head of the closed container is provided with a water inlet and the right seal
head is provided with a water outlet; and the water outlet of a filter device is communicated with the
water inlet of a pure water tank. The utility model is economic and practical and can be used for
supplying qualified and healthy drinking water for the army during outdoor camping, the construction
units during field work, and outdoor tourist

In order to solve the problems such as easy leakage and short circuit of the ultraviolet water
bactericidal lamp in the prior art, the utility model provides an ultraviolet water bactericidal lamp with a
built-in power supply, which belongs to a water treatment device. The ultraviolet water bactericidal
lamp with the built-in power supply structurally comprises a battery cover with a power supply bin,
wherein an ultraviolet lamp holder is connected under the battery cover; an ultraviolet lamp tube is
connected on the ultraviolet lamp holder; a water-proof cover is arranged outside the ultraviolet lamp
tube and connected with a sling; and the sling is connected with a counter weight. The ultraviolet
water bactericidal lamp with the built-in power supply has broad application scope and high safety; in
addition, the safety accidents such as leakage and short circuit can not easily occu
The utility model relates to a superminiature military emergency water source machine comprising an
active carbon filter, an electro-osmosis film stack water purifier and an ultraviolet sterilizing device; a
manual water-absorbing and pressurizing device with a check valve is arranged between a water inlet
and a raw water inlet of the active carbon filter; a water outlet of the active carbon filter is connected
with a water inlet of the electro-osmosis film stack water purifier by a pipeline; a freshwater outlet of
the electro-osmosis film stack water purifier is connected with a water inlet of the ultraviolet sterilizing
device by the pipeline; concentrated water and polar water of the electro-osmosis film stack water
purifier are combined, treated as wastewater and drained out from a sewage outlet; a water outlet of
the ultraviolet sterilizing device is a purified water outlet of the water source machine; and the power
supplies of the electro-osmosis film stack water purifier and the ultraviolet sterilizing device are
provided by a power supply device. The superminiature military emergency water source machine
has the advantages of having obvious effects on the disposable removal rate of microorganisms,
heavy metals and poisoning indexes and leading the purified raw water to be axenic and nontoxic and
capable of being drunk directly, and can be mainly applicable to the armies and emergency in the well

The utility model discloses a micro-filtration dynamic film forming device. The film forming device 1
comprises a dynamic micro-filtration film-forming filter tank, and is characterized in that the dynamic
micro-filtration film-forming filter tank is provided with an input end and a clean water output end,
wherein the input end of the dynamic micro-filtration film-forming filter tank is connected with a raw
water inlet; the clean water output end of the dynamic micro-filtration film-forming filter tank is
connected with a clean water tank through a water filtering pump; the input end of the dynamic micro-
filtration film-forming filter tank is connected with a water outlet of a filming box through a metering
pump ; and a return pipeline connected with a water inlet of the filming box is arranged at the bottom
of the dynamic micro-filtration film-forming filter tank. The micro-filtration dynamic film forming device
has the advantages of automatic filming and backwashing, simple structure, reasonable process and
improved filterabilit

The utility model discloses a titanium filter element water treatment device with a photocatalytic
function, which is provided with a shell body; the upper end of the shell body is provided with a water
inlet and the lower end thereof is provided with a water outlet; a titanium filter element which is
connected with the water outlet is arranged in the shell body; a photocatalytic layer is cured on the
surface of the titanium filter element; at least two ultraviolet lights are arranged in the shell body to
realize the photocatalytic and titanium filter element functions so as not only to filter and separate
pollutants but also to realize the photocatalytic decomposition of the pollutants and play the role of
killing pathogenic microorganisms; and the titanium filter element water treatment device with the
photocatalytic function also has an air-water backwash function, does not have the problems of
catalyst separation and recovery, membrane pollution and the like, can solely form a water treatment
unit system or be composited with other water treatment systems, improves the water treatment
efficiency, reduces the treatment cost, and can be widely applied in the treatment of various water
qualit

The utility model relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a photocatalysis water
treatment device. An airflow driving inner circulation photocatalysis cylindrical water treatment device
is characterized in that the inner wall of a vertical cylinder (4) is coated with nanometer TiO2 (3), the
center of the cylinder (4) is vertically provided with an ultraviolet lamp tube (2), the lower part of the
cylinder (4) is provided with an aerator (5), the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder (4) are in
an open type, the upper opening is a water outlet (1), the lower opening is a water inlet (6), and the
cylinder (4) is a glass cylinder (4), a ceramic cylinder (4) or a stainless steel cylinder (4). Through the
technical scheme, the utility model can easily realize the combination of the advanced oxidation
technology (photocatalytic oxidation) and the biomembrane processing technology, and realizes the
effective degradation of difficult-degrading organic pollutants. The efficient and fast treatment method
has important significance on environment protectio

The utility model relates to a household water purification treatment device comprising a quartz sand 1
filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening device, an ultra-filtration component and an ultra violet
(UV) sterilizer which are arranged on a frame and are sequentially connected. The equipment is
characterized by compact structure, small occupied area and simple and quick operation and control,
can make water fully automatically and safely, can achieve the standard of pure water directly drunk
by residents, and can meet the requirements on the domestic water of agricultural houses, villas and
hotel
The utility model discloses an integrated sterilizing, algae inhibiting and filtering water purifying
device, which comprises a container, wherein a water storage cavity is arranged in the container, a
water inlet window is arranged on the side wall of the container, a water outlet pipe orifice is formed
on the water storage cavity and connected with a water pump through a pipeline, a TiO2
photocatalysed screen and a ultraviolet lamp are arranged between the water inlet window and the
water storage cavity, and the TiO2 photocatalysed screen and the ultraviolet lamp are oppositely
arranged; and the device achieves sterilizing, algae inhibiting and degradation to organic matter and
inorganic matter, and has the technical effects of simple structure, convenience of installation, long
service life, zero material consumption, zero pollution, safety, energy conservation, environmental
protection, good purifying effect and the lik

The utility model discloses a drinking water softening treatment system, which comprises a calcium 1
removal filter element, an ultra-filtration filter element and a pH adjusting filter element, wherein the
calcium removal filter element increases the pH value and convert bicarbonate radical in water into
carbonate radical, so that the carbonate radical reacts with calcium to generate calcium carbonate to
deposit; the ultra-filtration filter element blocks part of the generated calcium carbonate deposit and
other impurities; the pH adjusting filter element decreases the pH value of water; and water inflows
from the input end of the calcium removal filter element, the output end of the calcium removal filter
element is connected with the input end of the ultra-filtration filter element, the output end of the ultra-
filtration filter element is connected with the input end of the pH adjusting filter element, and water
outflows from the output end of the pH adjusting filter element. The drinking water softening treatment
system has good filtering effect, can remove plenty of calcium and magnesium salt ions contained in
the drinking water, and effectively filters the calcium carbonate and other impurities, so that the water
quality after filtration is good, is suitable for drinking and is beneficial for people's health. The drinking
water softening treatment system with favorable filtering effect is widely applied to drinking water
treatment processe

The utility model provides a double-membrane and double-open water purifier which is characterized 1
in that a casing is included; a PP (Polypropylene) cotton filter element is installed in the casing; one
end of the PP cotton filter element is communicated with a raw water pipeline; and the other end of
the PP cotton filter element is connected with a front active carbon filter element, an ultra filtration
membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, a multifunctional filter element and a rear active carbon
filter element in sequence; the water outlet end of the ultra filtration membrane is connected with the
mineral water inlet of a double-open water tap; and the water outlet end of the rear active carbon filter
element is connected with the purified water inlet of the double-open water tap. The water purifier can
provide selectable purified water qualities for users, and has good purifying effect and long service
life, and different filtering processes can be selected according to the water qualities of different water
source

The utility model relates to a mine water treating and reusing system, which comprises a 1
sedimentation basin, a pressure filter, a reusing water tank, an ultra-filtration device, an ultraviolet
sterilizing device, a clean water basin and a sludge discharge basin, wherein the sedimentation basin,
the pressure filter, the reusing water tank, the ultra-filtration device and the clean water basin are
connected in sequence; the sedimentation basin is also connected with the sludge discharge basin;
the ultraviolet sterilizing device is arranged between the ultra-filtration and the clean water basin; and
flocculating agent is filled in the sedimentation basin. The utility model combines the conventional
flocculation sedimentation-pressure filtration technology with the contemporary ultra-filtration
technology, and effectively filters and sterilizes the mine water, so as to obtain domestic water capable
of being used in mining areas extensivel
The utility model discloses a high-turbidity water treatment device which comprises a sewage
submersible pump, a security filter, a mixer filter, a sedimentation tank, a primary water storage tank,
an ozone sterilizer, a high-pressure pump, a super osmosis membrane, a secondary water storage
tank, a pure water pump, an activated carbon adsorbing device, a resin softening device, a third-stage
water storage tank, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane, an ultraviolet sterilizer and
a pure water tank; and all the parts are connected in sequence. As for the high-turbidity water
treatment device, coagulant is added in front of the sewage submersible pump and stirred violently by
vanes of the sewage submersible pump so as to be mixed with high-turbidity water uniformly
instantaneously, colloidal solids in the high-turbidity water are destabilized rapidly and flocculated into
large floccules, and the floccules sediment in the sedimentation tank, thus reducing the disposal
procedure of a rotator, improving the disposal efficiency, being capable of disposing the high-turbidity
water into drink water for life, combining all the stages in one tank body, occupying small area,
enabling the treatment device to be transported freely for use along with transport machines, and
enabling the plant to be extremely practical in areas such as villages, industrial and mining
enterprises far from an urban water supply area, flood areas and the like, which have poor water
source and are uneconomical to build a water treatment devic

The utility model discloses a high-quality household water purifier with dual flowing directions and 1
multiple filtering layers, which comprises shell bodies, four filtering layers, a water inlet and a water
outlet, wherein the shell bodies include an inner shell body and an outer shell body; the inner shell
body is fixedly arranged in the outer shell body; the lower end of the inner shell body is communicated
with the water inlet; the upper end of the inner shell body is provided with a water hole or water gap
communicated with the upper end of the outer shell body; the lower end of the outer shell body is
communicated with the water outlet; a first layer of filtering material is arranged in the inner shell body;
and a second layer of filtering material, a third layer of filtering material and a fourth layer of filtering
material are sequentially arranged between the inner shell body and the outer shell body from top to
bottom. The four layers of filtering materials respectively select a gold filtering medium, a precision
ceramic filtering medium, a coconut shell carbon filtering medium and an active carbon filtering
medium. The high-quality household water purifier has ultra-strong capability of removing chlorine,
pesticide, fertilizer, insecticide, etc. in water, has strong capability of replacing such heavy metals as
lead, mercury, cadmium, etc., can effectively remove and absorb various impurities like organic
compounds, etc. and can improve the taste of purified water. With good purifying effect, the high-
quality household water purifier is suitable for household us

The utility model relates to a filter element, in particular to a filtering kettle filter element. The separate 1
direct drinking filter element comprises a macromolecular filter element; a degerming filter element is
arranged below the macromolecular filter element; a water inlet is arranged on the upper portion of
the degerming filter element; a water outlet is arranged on the lower portion of the degerming filter
element; a water outlet of the macromolecular filter element is communicated with the water inlet of
the degerming filter element; an ultra-filtration film mechanism is arranged between the water inlet of
the water inlet and the water outlet of the degerming filter element; and the macromolecular filter
element is detachably connected with the degerming filter element. Because of adopting the technical
scheme, the separate direct drinking filter element is fine in filtering effect by the aid of multi-filtering of
solid grains and harmful ions, has the function of healthcare as raw water such as tap water, river
water and the like can be directly drunk and fine in taste after being filtered by the separate direct
drinking filter element, is simple and convenient in filter element replacement and can effectively save
use cos

The utility model relates to a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane component which comprises a water 1
inlet end cover (1), a water inlet receiving pipe (3), a tube body (4), a barrel (6), a positioning block
(7), a water outlet receiving pipe (8), a water outlet end cover (9) and fibers (10); the component is
characterized in that an ultrafiltration collection pipe (5) is arranged in the middle of the fibers (10);
one end of the ultrafiltration collection pipe (5) is fixedly connected with one end of the water inlet
receiving pipe (3) and the other end thereof is fixedly connected with the water outlet receiving pipe
(8); the other end of the water inlet receiving pipe (3) is connected with the water inlet end cover (1)
with the top end closed; and therefore, the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane component has the
advantages of simple structure, simple connection, convenient installation, attractive appearance and
high flux, and is particularly suitable to be installed and used on water treatment equipmen
The utility model provides a hollow fiber membrane component of external compression, which is 1
favorable to the excretion of gas-liquid mixed flow and the inhibition of pressure loss. A plurality of
hollow fiber membranes (1) are arranged inside the casing (2) of the hollow fiber membrane
component of external compression (20). Dividing-wall areas (21) are formed by the fixation of cast
molding resin at one or both sides of the hollow fiber membranes (1). The hollow portion of at least
one end of the hollow fiber membranes (1) is provided with an opening, wherein the end is fixed via
the dividing-wall areas (21). Jet nozzles (3) for fluids to enter and exit are arranged on the side
surface of the casing (2) at one side of the opening of the hollow portion. The hollow fiber membrane
component is upright arranged with the side of the jet nozzles (3) as the upper portion. The utility
model is characterized in that a slot portion (8) is formed in the dividing-wall areas (21) inside the
casing (2) of the above component, which communicates with the internal flow path (3a) of the jet
nozzles (3). The opening (8a) of the slot portion (8) is arranged at the lower side of the dividing-wall
areas (21

The utility model discloses an emergency type movable water purification and split-charging device. A 1
water inlet of an ion exchange fiber filtering pot is communicated with a water outlet of a water pump
successively through a precise filtering tank and a sand filtering tank. A water outlet of the ion
exchange fiber filtering pot is communicated with a water inlet of a first-step ultraviolet sterilizer. A
water outlet of the first-step ultraviolet sterilizer is provided with a tap water outlet pipe. The ion
exchange fiber filtering pot is internally provided with an ion exchange fiber filtering layer. The tap
water is purified to purified water through a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane assembly and a
second-stage ultraviolet sterilizer. The purified water is purified to ultra-pure water through a second-
stage reverse osmosis membrane assembly and a third-stage ultraviolet sterilizer. The purified water
is communicated with a water bag packing machine through a water storage tank for realizing field
quantitative packaging. The emergency type movable water purification and split-charging device can
effectively remove the solid particles, microorganisms such as bacteria, harmful substances such as
chemical pollution in water, for obtaining the discharging standard of tap water, purified water and
ultra-pure water. Furthermore the water can be packaged quantitatively in field for facilitating
distribution and deliver

The utility model discloses an ozone-biological active carbon water purifying device which comprises 1
an ozone preparation chamber, an ozone contact reactor, a lift pump room and a biological active
carbon filter. A plurality of pectinate guide plates inserted mutually and vertically are arranged in the
ozone contact reactor, an ozone nozzle is arranged between every two adjacent guide plates, and a
sewage inlet and an ozone contact reactor outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the ozone
contact reactor; and the ozone preparation chamber is respectively connected with each ozone
nozzle through an ozone pipe, and the ozone contact reactor outlet is connected with the inlet of a
water distributer of the biological active carbon filter through a lift pump in the lift pump room. The
utility model has the advantages of integrating an active carbon physico-chemical adsorption device,
an ozone chemical oxidation device and a biological oxidative degradation device into a whole; and
by using the ozone-biological active carbon water purifying device, organics in sewage, which are
difficult to degrade, can be oxidized with ozone into organics which are easy to degrade, and then the
organics which are easy to degrade enter the biological active carbon filter and can be removed
further. The ozone-biological active carbon water purifying device is suitable for pollution control of
polluted river water and micro-polluted rivers and lakes and also can be applied to the construction of
a high-quality regenerated water plant. The ozone-biological active carbon water purifying device has
simple structure and is convenient to operat

The utility model relates to a device for continuous flow inner circulation photocatalytic degradation of
organic pollutants in water, which belongs to the technical field of water treatment. A cross support for
foam nickel annular sleeve is fixedly connected with an external sleeve; an ultraviolet lamp tube is
fixedly connected with the cross support; an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of the
external sleeve; and a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected with the upper end of the external sleeve.
The device has the advantages of novel structure, realization of more balanced and stable inner
circulation flow inside a reactor, and capabilities of reducing the thickness of an attached water layer
for loading a TiO2 foam nickel surface layer and effectively increasing the contact efficiency of organic
substances in oxygen and sewage with TiO2 on the foam nickel surface layer by the aid of the
hydraulic condition of constant perturbation and continuously penetrating high turbulence, thereby
ensuring extremely high mass transfer efficiency of an integral photocatalytic oxidation system without
being affected by light transmission depth and separate catalyst recyclin
The utility model discloses a wall-hung purified water machine, comprising a hanging shell, wherein 1
the hanging shell is internally provided with a water feeding ball valve, a first filter, a second filter core,
a third filter, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis device, a water storage barrel and a natural
negative potential micro-electrolytic core filter; and the natural negative potential micro-electrolytic
core filter is connected with a water tap by a water pipe. The wall-hung purified water machine has
novel design, is convenient to assemble and use, harmful substances such as bacteria, virus, heavy
metal ions, pesticide residues and the like in the water can be filtrated effectively, and the high-quality
purified water can be provide

The utility model relates to a rotational flow-ultraviolet ray combined ballast water treating system,
which comprises a centrifugal pump, a filter, a ultraviolet reactor, a flow meter and water storage
tanks, wherein the ballast water flown from the water storage tank (7) flows through the flow meter (2)
to undergo the preliminary filter by the filter (3) when being driven by the centrifugal pump (1), then
undergoes the secondary treatment by the ultraviolet reactor (4), and finally flows into the water
storage tank (6). The average inactivation ratio of the utility model amounts to more than 98 percent,
the combined equipment is simple and easy to maintain, the invested maintenance cost is low, and
the treating cost is one fifth of that required in the traditional metho

The utility model relates to an ecological purifying box. The ecological purifying box comprises a water
inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a blow-off pipe and a box body; the box body is divided into three
independent processing boxes; an aquarium sponge filtering module is arranged in the first
processing box; a bio ball filtering module and an ultraviolet germicidal lamp module are arranged in
the second processing box; the bio ball filtering module is separated from the ultraviolet germicidal
lamp module by the bottom; the upper space in the second processing box is shared; a particle
adsorption module is arranged in the third processing box; the bottom part of the first processing box
is communicated with the bottom part of the bio ball filtering module in the second processing box;
and the ultraviolet germicidal lamp module in the second processing box is communicated with the
bottom part of the particle adsorption module in the third processing box. As the aquarium sponge
filtering module serves as the primary filtering phase, and other physical or ecological purifying
phases are adopted for assisting the primary filtering phase, the organic matter and the inorganic
matter in water are effectively decomposed. The ecological purifying box has the advantages of no
need for putting medicine in the water and good purifying effect, and is an ideal water processing
device based on an ecological water syste

The utility model relates to a water treatment device, in particular to an ultraviolet light disinfection
device with vertically distributed lamp tubes in the water treatment device. The utility model provides
an ultraviolet light disinfection device with vertically distributed lamp tubes, which comprises a pipeline
provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end; and the ultraviolet lamp tubes arranged in the
pipeline are vertical to the water flow direction of the pipeline. The ultraviolet light disinfection device
has the beneficial effects that through arranging the ultraviolet lamp tubes vertically to the water flow
direction of the pipeline, the flowing direction of the water flow is changed under the blocking of the
ultraviolet lamp tubes, so that the turbulent fluctuation performance of the water flow is improved, all
parts of the water body are evenly irradiated by the ultraviolet light, the disinfection efficiency is
improved, and the total disinfection effect is eve

The utility model combines ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis filtration and can produce ultra-filtrated 1
water and pure water, which comprises a filter core and a master water inlet valve, wherein one end of
the master water inlet valve is connected with a master filter core, one end of the master filter core is
connected with a wastewater collection container via a drainage valve, the other end of the master
filter core is connected with the water inlet valve and a master faucet, the water inlet valve is
connected with a circular water saving container, and a self-sucking pump is connected with the
circular water saving container via a pipeline. The water purifying machine can effectively remove
particles, colloids, metal hydroxides, silicates and micro-organisms in the water, and reduces COD
(chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), emulsified oil and the like separated
from the water. The water purifying machine can prevent a reverse osmosis membrane element from
being polluted to the maximum extent, increases the water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane
element by nearly 25%-30%, reduces the cleaning frequency of the reverse osmosis membrane,
reduces the maintenance cost and prolongs the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane elemen
The utility model discloses a treatment system for treating inferior V-class surface water into domestic 1
drinking water, which belongs to the field of water treatment and comprises a biological aerated filter,
a high-speed clarifier, a blast system, an ultra-filtration membrane unit, a chemical feeding system and
a contact disinfecting tank. Water and gas are distributed at the bottom of the biological aerated filter
for primarily removing organic pollutants, SS and inorganic substances such as ammonia nitrogen,
nitrate, nitrite, ferrum, manganese and the like in the water. Outlet water from the filter enters the high-
speed clarifier, and coagulant and coagulant aids are fed into the high-speed clarifier to remove
suspended matters, chroma, phosphorus and partial organic matters. Outlet water from the clarifier
enters the ultra-filtration membrane unit, and suspended substances, colloid and bacteria can be
effectively removed by the aid of an immersed hollow fiber membrane component. Outlet water from
the ultra-filtration membrane unit enters the contact disinfecting tank, ozone is fed into the contact
disinfecting tank for disinfecting, and outlet water from the contact disinfecting tank enters a water
supply pipe network. The system is capable of treating currently inferior V-class surface water into
domestic drinking water, and is of great importance as I-class, II-class and III-class surface water
capable of serving as tap water sources in China is gradually decrease

The utility model discloses a small-sized built-in filter. The small-sized built-in filter comprises a shell,
a water pump, water inlet grids, a main body, an anti-ultraviolet protecting cover and a water outlet
cover, wherein the water pump is arranged on the top of the shell; the water inlet grids are formed on
the two sides of the shell; the main body is arranged outside the shell; the anti-ultraviolet protecting
cover and the water outlet cover are arranged at the bottom of the shell; biochemical filter cotton is
arranged in the shell; and an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and a quartz tube are arranged between the
water pump and the shell. The filter is completely submerged, has a small volume and is suitable for
small-sized fish bowls. The small-sized built-in filter has attractive appearance, practicality and low
cost, is suitable for filtering water in a small-sized container for culturing animals and plants in fresh
water or sea water, and can fulfill the aim of purifying water by circularly filtering the water through the
filter cotton and a filter material in the filte

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet water body epidemic prevention and sterilization disinfector,
which belongs to water body sterilizing devices. The disinfector comprises a water inlet, a shell and a
water outlet, wherein the water inlet is formed on one side of the shell, the water outlet is formed on
the other side of the shell; a purified water glass tube is arranged on the middle part in the shell; one
end of the purified water glass tube is communicated with the water inlet, and the other end of the
purified water glass tube is communicated with the water outlet; and ultraviolet lamps are arranged on
the upper side and the lower side of the purified water glass tube respectively. Compared with the
prior art, the ultraviolet water body epidemic prevention and sterilization disinfector of the utility model
has the characteristics of rational design, simple structure, convenience in use and the like; after
water is irradiated by the ultraviolet lamps, nucleic acid molecules in nucleoprotein for sustaining life
in a great amount of bacteria degenerate and damage physiological activity, so that safe water quality
in bacteriology is achieved, epidemic situation is avoided, and the aim of epidemic prevention is fulfille

A water ultra-purifying plant for a laboratory relates to a plant for purifying water, in particular to a 1
water purifying plant for a laboratory. The water ultra-purifying plant comprises a filter, a water pump,
a reverse osmosis device, an atomic-scale ultra-purifying column, sterilizing water treatment
equipment and an ultrafilter. A water inlet of the filter is connected with a running water supply
pipeline, a water outlet of the filter is connected with the water pump, a water outlet of the water pump
is connected with the reverse osmosis device, a water outlet of the reverse osmosis device is
connected with the atomic-scale ultra-purifying column, the atomic-scale ultra-purifying column is
connected with the sterilizing water treatment equipment, the sterilizing water treatment equipment is
connected with the ultrafilter, and the ultrafilter is connected with an ultra-filtered water outlet. The
water ultra-purifying plant resolves the problem that distilled water produced by a traditional distillation
plant consumes a large number of water and electricity, the total distilled water producing process is
not environment-friendly extremely, and the distilled water is difficult to be ultra-purified and cannot
meet requirements of water for laboratorie
The utility model discloses a water cycle automatic treatment system of a baby swimming hall, and
belongs to the technical field of water purification treatment. The system comprises a filter device, a
sterilizing device, a self-priming pump, an automatic pump, a heat preservation water tank and an
automatic water level control device, wherein the automatic water level control device consists of a
water level controller, an electrode sensor, a normally open electromagnetic valve and a normally
closed electromagnetic valve; the filter device consists of a Y-shaped stainless steel filter, a quartz
sand filter, an active carbon filter, a stainless steel precise filter and a microporous filter; and the
sterilizing device consists of an ultraviolet antibacterial water tank and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The
system has the advantages of rational structural design, convenience of mounting and use, complete
water filtering, absolute sterilization and safety and sanitation of use; sewage and backwashing water
of a swimming pool are recycled to save water resources, ensure zero release of the sewage, protect
the environment, save energy and reduce consumption; and the system can save energy by over 60
percent and save water by over 90 percen

The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis filter which has a central pipe as a water inlet pipe. An 1
upper end face of a membrane component is provided with a pure water outlet, and a lower end face
is blocked. A circumferential surface is provided with a concentrated water outlet. An opening end of a
central pipe is inserted into an annular projection at the bottom of a filter flask for forming a raw water
chamber. A sealing retaining ring is provided between an edge of the upper end face of membrane
component and the filter flask body. The residual space in the filter flask is divided into a pure water
chamber at the upper part of the membrane component and a concentrated water chamber which
surrounds a peripheral surface of the membrane component. The positions on the filter flask, which
are corresponding with the pure water chamber, the concentrated water chamber and the raw water
chamber, are respectively provided with a pure water discharging hole, a concentrated water
discharging hole and a raw water inlet hole. The reverse osmosis filter has the following advantages:
reduced concentration polarization on the film surface, uniform water distribution, prevention for dead
corner of water inlet, prolonged service life of the membrane component, reduced water inlet scale of
the membrane component, and ensured quality of prepared wate

The utility model discloses an aquaculture water treatment device with a sterilizing function, which
consists of a submersible pump, a tank and ultraviolet tubular sterilizing lamps, wherein the ultraviolet
tubular sterilizing lamps are mounted in the tank, a water inlet is arranged at one end of the tank, a
water outlet is arranged at the other end of the tank, the submersible pump is connected with the
water inlet of the tank, and a seal cover is arranged on the tank. The aquaculture water treatment
device is capable of sterilizing without pesticide, free of water pollution, convenient in use and fine in
sterilizing effec

The utility model discloses disaster-relief water-purifying emergency vehicle-mounted equipment

comprising a raw water taking device, a dosing tank, a water mixer, a dosing pump, a fiber filter, an
active carbon cylinder, ultraviolet sterilization equipment, first reverse osmosis equipment, second
reverse osmosis equipment, a pure water tank and a water supply loop, wherein the raw water taking
device is connected with the water mixer together with the dosing tank through a pipeline; liquid
medicine inside the dosing tank is pumped into the water mixer through the dosing pump so as to be
sufficiently mixed with taken raw water; the fiber filter is connected with a liquid outlet of the water
mixer through a pipeline and further connected with the active carbon cylinder through a pipeline; the
active carbon cylinder is internally provided with multilayer active carbon filter bags and further
connected with the ultraviolet sterilization equipment through a pipeline; the first stage ultraviolet
sterilization equipment is connected with the first reverse osmosis equipment through a pipeline and a
high-pressure pump; the first reverse osmosis equipment is connected with the second reverse
osmosis equipment through a pipeline; the pure water tank is connected with the second reverse
osmosis equipment; and a water outlet of the pure water tank is connected with the water supply loop.
The utility model can generate the purified water through sterilization and reverse osmosis filtering
devices even if a raw water source is seriously polluted. The disaster-relief water-purifying emergency
vehicle-mounted equipment has simple structure and can be mounted on a vehicle to be more flexibl
The utility model provides a ceramic water-purification drinking bowl comprising a water storage tank 1
and a top cap, wherein the inside of the water storage tank is provided with a water filtration basin that
is a micro-pore pottery product; the mouth of the water filtration basin turns outwards and is precisely
placed on the mouth of the water storage tank, the diameter and height of the water filtration basin are
less than those of the water storage tank, and the side wall and bottom of the water filtration basin
form interlayer cavities; and the lower part of the water storage tank is provided with a discharge
valve. In the drinking bowl, the water slowly permeates into the cavity of the water storage tank
through the micro-pore of the water filtration basin so that the water source is filtered. The water-
purifying effect is fine and the safe sanitation of drinking water is ensured for people. As the mineral
substances which are conducive to the health of people are added in the water filtration basin, the
drinking from the bowl is beneficial to people. Stored in the water storage tank made from ceramic
materials, the water is not easy to deteriorate. Besides, the ceramic water-purification drinking bowl is
easy and convenient to use and clean, durable, low in cost and widely applicable to urban and rural
residents, offices and the like

The utility model discloses a novel water treatment system, which comprises a filter mechanism, a 1
water inlet pipeline, a water outlet pipeline and a blow-off pipeline. The filter mechanism consists of a
plurality of independent filter units, the water inlet pipeline is used for feeding raw water, the water
outlet pipeline drains filtered water, the blow-off pipeline drains backwashing sewage, each filter unit
comprises a filter and a channel switching valve, each channel switching valve is provided with a
water inlet portion, a water outlet portion and a blow-off portion, wherein each water inlet portion is
connected with the water inlet pipeline, each water outlet portion is connected with the corresponding
filter, each blow-off portion is connected with the blow-off pipeline, the filter units are in filtering states
when the water inlet portions and the water outlet portions are communicated with each other and are
in backwashing states when the blow-off portions and the water outlet portions are communicated
with each other, the water inlet portions and the water outlet portions are alternately switched on and
switched off, and the blow-off portions and the water outlet portions are also alterantely switched on
and switched off, thereby realizing switching between the filtering states and the backwashing states
of the filtering units. The novel water treatment system is simple and reasonable in arrangement and
low in manufacturing cost, can simultaneously realize the filtering states and the backwashing states
which cannot be affected mutually, effectively increases water treatment efficiency, and saves
treatment cos

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet ozone double-sterilization lamp. A lamp tube comprises a
tube shell made of transparent quartz glass, inertial gas introduced in the tube shell, an internal
electrode arranged in the tube shell, and an external electrode arranged on the outer wall of the tube
shell; and the external electrode is made of meshy metal material. A water treatment device
comprises a glass bottle and an ozone discharge tube connected with the glass bottle; the glass bottle
is made of transparent quartz glass, and a gas blowing-in port is arranged at the end part of the glass
bottle; and the glass bottle is internally provided with the ultraviolet ozone double-sterilization lamp.
The double-sterilization lamp is simplified and energy-saving, two sterilizing modes are combined
together so as to make up respective defects, therefore, bacteria can be killed completely and
thoroughl

The utility model relates to a home terminal water-purifying system which comprises an ultra-filtration 1
membrane filter core, wherein one end of the ultra-filtration membrane filter core is provided with a
raw water inlet, the other end is provided with a drain outlet, the lateral side of the ultra-filtration
membrane filter core is provided with a 1/4-inch water outlet and a 1/2-inch water outlet in parallel, the
1/4-inch water outlet is sequentially connected with the water inlet of a compound filter core, the water
outlet of the compound filter core is connected with the water inlet of a cation exchange filter core, the
water outlet of the cation exchange filter core is connected with the water inlet of the compound filter
core, the water outlet of the compound filter core is connected with the water inlet of an activated
carbon carrier filter core, and the water outlet of the activated carbon carrier filter core is connected
with a straight drinking water outle
The utility model relates to an energy water machine which comprises a polypropylene (PP) cotton 1
filter element, a granular active carbon filter element and a compressed active carbon filter element,
wherein an outlet of the PP cotton filter element is connected with an inlet of the granular active
carbon filter element; an outlet of the granular active carbon filter element is connected with an inlet of
the compressed active carbon filter element; and the PP cotton filter element, the granular active
carbon filter element and the compressed active carbon filter element are sequentially connected with
an ultrafiltration membrane purification treater, a tourmaline nano live particle filter element, a
negative potential energy filter element, a mineralization filter element, a magnetization filter element
and a bacteriostatic active carbon filter element. The energy water machine has the beneficial effects
of being more in mineral elements, rich in nutrition and beneficial to human healt

The utility model discloses a micro-nanometer energy activation water purifier comprising a water 1
inlet, a sewage draining outlet, purified water outlets, a water pipe, a filter cylinder set and filter cores.
The filter cylinder set is formed by sequentially connecting twelve filter cylinders through the water
pipe. One filter core is arranged in each filter cylinder, the filter cylinder is provided with one sewage
outlet and a purified water outlet, a water outlet of a previous filter cylinder in the filter cylinder set is
connected with a water feed opening of a next filter cylinder, the water inlet is connected with the
water feed opening of the filter cylinder, the sewage draining outlet is connected with the water outlet
of the filter cylinder, and the purified water outlet is connected with the water outlet of the filter
cylinder. In the utility model, the micro-nanometer energy activation water purifier can improve the
mouthfeel of the water and effectively remove and prevent the generation of water scales; the filter
cylinders of the micro-nanometer energy activation water purifier contains mineralizing filter cores with
hydrogen-enriched ions, and the water with high content of hydrogen-enriched ions has excellent
removal function on pathogenic free radicals of peopl

The utility model discloses a water purifying device comprising a water inlet, a filtering device and a
water outlet, wherein a support is arranged below the filtering device and is provided with a small-
sized generator; the small-sized generator is connected with an impeller; an ultraviolet ray lamp is
arranged below the impeller; and the small-sized generator is electrically connected with the
ultraviolet ray lamp. By double purification functions, namely, the filtration of the filtering device and
the sterilization of the ultraviolet ray lamp, the purpose of purifying tap water can be achieved. The
purifying device is convenient and fast to install and simple to use, and integrates the functions of
purification and sterilizatio

The utility model relates to a full-automatic subminiature emergency water source machine
comprising an activated carbon filter, an electrodialysis membrane stack water purifier and an
ultraviolet sterilization device, wherein a water inlet of the activated carbon filter is connected with a
miniature submersible pump, and a water outlet of the activated carbon filter is connected with a water
inlet of the electrodialysis membrane stack water purifier by a pipeline; a fresh water outlet of the
electrodialysis membrane stack water purifier is connected with a water inlet of the ultraviolet
sterilization device by a pipeline; thick water and pole water in the electrodialysis membrane stack
water purifier are combined and then discharged from a sewage outlet as waste water; a water outlet
of the ultraviolet sterilization device is taken as a purified water outlet of the water source machine;
and a power supply device is used for supplying power for the miniature submersible pump, the
electrodialysis membrane stack water purifier and the ultraviolet sterilization device. The full-automatic
subminiature emergency water source machine has obvious effect to the disposable removal rate of
microorganisms, heavy metal and poisoning index, so that purified raw water is sterile and non-toxic
and can be drunk directly. The full-automatic subminiature emergency water source machine is mainly
applicable to emergency treatment for armies and in mine
The utility model relates to a device for removing organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in aquatic
water, relating to aquatic water treating devices. The device adopts an ozone/ultraviolet combination
oxidizing reaction column and an organism regeneration filler reaction column, and is characterized in
that a Venturi tube is connected at the lower part of a shell of the ozone/ultraviolet combination
oxidizing reaction column; a water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell of the
ozone/ultraviolet combination oxidizing reaction column; a gas discharge port is arranged at the top of
the shell of the ozone/ultraviolet combination oxidizing reaction column; an ultraviolet lamp group
covered by a quartz sleeve is arranged in the ozone/ultraviolet combination oxidizing reaction column;
a water inlet and a back-flushing water outlet are arranged at the upper part of a shell of the organism
regeneration filler reaction column; an organism regeneration filler layer is arranged in the organism
regeneration filler reaction column; the top end of the organism regeneration filler layer is provided
with a water distributing plate, and the lower end is provided with a perforation support plate; another
water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell of the organism regeneration filler reaction
column; and the water outlet at the upper part of the shell of the ozone/ultraviolet combination
oxidizing reaction column is connected with the water inlet at the upper part of the shell of the
organism regeneration filler reaction column by a pipelin

The utility model discloses a combinable single or composite filter element, which is characterized by 1
comprising at least one of the following components: a first section front propene polymer (PP) melt-
blown filter element and a second section post combination filter element, wherein a nano silver
ultrafiltration bowl is arranged in the first section front PP melt-blown filter element; the nano silver
ultrafiltration bowl is added with a KDF55 filter material; the second section post combination filter
element comprises a filter shell; and the second section post combination filter element is added with
at least one of the following filter materials: coconut-shell activated carbon, medical stones, a
permanent magnet, a charge filter material with positive and negative charges, loadstone and far
infrared living fossils. The combinable single or composite filter element can be used singly or
compositely, can kill and eliminate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and the like, can also
effectively remove organic pollutants, heavy metals, hydrogen sulfide and residual chlorine in water
and can effectively delay and prevent survival of algas and fouling, prolong the service life of the post
activated carbon and well protect a reverse osmosis (RO) fil

The utility model provides a manual and automatic integrated dirt removing and super-energy 1
dechlorinating water purifier. A nut is arranged in a container of a filtering device, and a bolt is
arranged at the upper part of the nut; a filtration component composed of a filter element shell, a filter
element and a multi-filtration layer is fixed on the bolt; water inlet holes are distributed on an arc-
shaped top part of the filter element shell, and a built-in water outlet hole is arranged in the center of
the bottom part of the filter element shell; an ultra-filtration membrane filter element, a dechlorinating
ball filtration bag and a KDF55 filtration bag are arranged in the filter element shell from bottom to top;
the bolt and the nut are arranged at the lower end of the ultra-filtration membrane filter element in the
container, and a gooseneck type externally-connected supporting water pipe is arranged on the right
side surface of the container; a water inlet valve and a fixed nut and bolt are arranged at the lower
part of the water pipe; a connecting elbow, the nut and a nut and bolt are arranged at the left side of
the upper part of the water pipe; a water inlet is arranged at the lower part of the gooseneck type
externally-connected supporting water pipe at the right side of the container, a water outlet is
arranged at the bottom part of the airtight container, a dirt removing opening is arranged at the top
part of the container, and the water outlet of the gooseneck type externally-connected supporting
water pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the filtering device. Being economical and practical,
the water purifier can provide qualified and healthy direct drinking water for rural and urban household
The utility model relates to a direct-drinking water purification machine which consists of a whole rack, 1
a multi-unit filter, a display panel, a fine-filtration filter group, an ultra-filtration filter group and two high-
pressure water pumps, a postpositive active carbon column; and the display panel is arranged on the
upper part at the front of the whole rack. The direct-drinking water purification machine is
characterized in that the multi-unit filter is arranged on a water inlet pipe before the rack; the fine-
filtration filter group in the rack is formed by sequentially serial connection of a PPF (passive power
filter) filter core column, a U-shaped filter, a granular active carbon column and a precise active
carbon column; the water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the PPF filter core column; a
water outlet of the precise active carbon column is connected with water inlets of the two high-
pressure water pumps respectively; the water outlets of the high-pressure water pumps are
connected with the ultra-filtration filter group and the postpositive active carbon column; and the water
outlet of the post-positive carbon column is connected with a water outlet pipe. The direct-drinking
water purification machine is simple in whole structure, and scientific and reasonable in design, has
no secondary pollution owning to the full closing in water purifying process, has great water drainage
quantity, and is applicable to occasions such as enterprises, communities, hotels and the lik

The utility model relates to a high UV-light oxidation device, wherein a purifying system thereof mainly
comprises a UV tube and more than two quartz casing pipes annularly arranged on the periphery of
the tube; an upper and a lower glands are respectively connected with the upper and the lower
opening ends of the quartz casing pipes; slots for connecting the two quartz casing pipes are
respectively arranged on the upper and lower glands corresponding to two opening ends of the quartz
casing pipes; the upper and the lower glands are respectively fixed on an upper and a lower covers;
the UV tube is fixed on the upper and the lower covers; a layer of high-efficient reflection lining is
arranged on the inner wall of the a protective casing tube; the upper and the lower covers are
composed of a cover body having a through hole and an end cover having a blocking slot; and the UV
tube is blocked in the blocking slot of the end cover after passing through the through hole of the
cover body. Compared with the prior art, the utility model is a high UV-light oxidation device with
compact structure, which is pollution-free and can achieve more efficient sterilizing and TOC (organic
matter) removing functions when the device is combined with UV tubes with different wavelengths. At
the same time, in the ultrapure water technical application, the device can assist to more quickly and
stably achieve the extreme index for purifying wate

The utility model discloses a water-driven full-plastic micro-filter and relates to microfiltration 1
equipment in the water treatment field. The water-driven full-plastic micro-filter adopts the design key
point that the outer side of the micro-filter is provided with a water wheel; a water bucket of the water
wheel drives a cylindrical screen frame and screen cloth to rotate under the action of gravity after
water is filled into the water bucket; and intercepted solid dirt in the filtered water is adhered to the
inner side of the screen cloth and is flushed into a dirt discharge groove by a linear backwashing
nozzle. The screen cloth is directly pressed and embedded on the cylindrical screen frame by a
rubber batten and does not need to be fastened by screws, so that the screen cloth is convenient to
remove and replace. The micro-filter can resist corrosion caused by various types of seawater, acid
and alkali for a long ter

The utility model relates to a flow guide type hollow-fibre membrane component and filtering 1
equipment comprising the same, and provides the flow guide type hollow-fibre membrane component.
The flow guide type hollow-fibre membrane component comprises a plurality of hollow-fibre
membrane yarns (1), an end socket (2), an end cover (3), a flow guide shell (4) and an aeration
device (5), wherein the tail ends of the hollow-fibre membrane yarns are fixed in the end socket by
casting resin; the flow guide shell covers the hollow-fibre membrane yarns and is fixed with the end
socket; a flow guide tube (7), which is different from the flow guide shell in length, is arranged in the
position of the axial center line of the flow guide shell; a gas/liquid flow channel is formed among the
hollow-fibre membrane yarns through the flow guide tube; the flow guide tube is connected and fixed
with the flow guide shell through radial rib plates (8); the hollow-fibre membrane yarns in the flow
guide shell are separated and limited through the radial rib plates, so that gas/liquid flow channels are
formed among the hollow-fibre membrane yarns; the aeration device is positioned under the hollow-
fibre membrane yarns; and during aeration, the surfaces of the hollow-fibre membrane yarns are
scrubbed by gas, and suspension particles are brought out from through holes on the wall of the flow
guide shell and settle outside the flow guide shell. The utility model further provides the filtering
equipment comprising the flow guide type hollow-fibre membrane componen
The utility model discloses a portable water purifying device, in particular to a mouth-suction type 1
water purifying device comprising a far end, a middle end and a near end, wherein a containing space
is formed at the inner part of the far end, and is fixedly provided with a carbon filtering disc, and the far
end is provided with an upper bottom end with an opening and a lower bottom end communicated
with the outside; a containing space with an opened upper bottom end and an opened lower bottom
end is formed at the inner part of the middle end, an ultra-filtering element is fixedly arranged in the
containing space, and the lower bottom end of the middle end is communicated and connected with
the upper bottom end of the far end in a sealing way; and a containing space is formed at the inner
part of the near end and is fixedly provided with a polyvidone iodine resin layer, the near end is
provided with an upper end communicated with the outside and a lower bottom end with an opening,
and the lower bottom end of the near end is communicated and connected with the upper bottom end
of the middle end in a sealing way. The portable water purifying device integrates ultra-filtration
adsorption physical purification and polyvidone iodine chemical sterilization, thus realizing better
purifying effec

The utility model provides a water treatment device, which comprises a membrane separation reactor,
an ultraviolet sterilizer, a water outlet pump and an air blower. One side of the membrane separation
reactor is connected with the water outlet pump and the air blower respectively, the water outlet pump
is connected with the ultraviolet sterilizer, the membrane separation reactor includes a box, an inner
cavity of the box is connected with a hollow fibrous membrane, one end of the hollow fibrous
membrane is connected with a pipeline of the water outlet pump in parallel, an aerator is connected to
the bottom of the inner cavity of the box, and the aerator is connected with a pipeline of the air blower
in parallel. The water treatment device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in
operation, low cost and small occupied are

The utility model relates to an aquaculture pond circulating water system which comprises a culture 1
pond, a circulating water pump, a micro-filter, other water treatment devices and a circulating water
control system, wherein the circulating water control system consists of a micro-filter recoil frequency
judgment module and a circulating water pump control module. The flow rate of the aquaculture pond
circulating water system is controlled by the recoil frequency of the micro-filter in the aquaculture pond
circulating water system; when the recoil frequency of the micro-filter is higher than the set high limit,
the flow rate of circulating water can be increased; when the recoil frequency of the micro-filter is
lower than the set low limit, the flow rare can be decreased. Compared with the prior art, the
aquaculture pond circulating water system has the advantages that the electric energy is saved; the
flow-rate control is scientific and reliable; and the system is simple, is convenient to implement and
has small investment and obvious effec

The utility model relates to a novel thermal spring water machine which comprises a filter cylinder set, 1
filter elements and pipelines, wherein the pipelines are communicated with the filter cylinder set; the
filter cylinder set is composed of five filter cylinders; the adjacent two filter cylinders are
communicated with each other through the pipelines; the filter elements are arranged inside the filter
cylinders; the filter element in the filter cylinder a is an active carbon filter element; the filter element in
the filter cylinder b is an ion exchange resin filter element; the filter element in the filter cylinder c is an
fine molecular film filter element; the filter element in the filter cylinder d is a nano BIO (biology) filter
element; the filter element in the filter cylinder e is an anti-bacterial silver postposition filter element;
an water outlet end is communicated with a beauty sprayer; and a temperature sensor is arranged on
the surface of the beauty sprayer. The novel thermal spring water machine is provided with a plurality
of filter cylinders of different materials and levels, therefore, the thermal spring water can be effectively
filtered, so that the original harmful substances like filth, rare delicacy, heavy metal and the like in the
thermal spring water can be filtered, and the filtered thermal spring water has better beauty and health
care effect
The utility model discloses a water treatment device capable of utilizing LED light sources for
excitation of nano catalytic materials, and relates to a water treatment device adopting an oxidation
method. The water treatment device comprises water treatment units, water treatment device tanks, a
water inlet valve and a water outlet valve. Each water treatment unit comprises a U-shaped box, a
bearing reinforcing top cover plate, a detachable frame, a columnar LED integrated lamp and a
detachable fixing slot, the area of the bottom surface of each bearing reinforcing top cover plate is
identical to that of the bottom surface of the corresponding U-shaped box, a longitudinal and
transversal fiber mesh which is made of the nano catalytic materials is embedded in each detachable
frame, radiation wavelength of an ultrasonic wave band of each columnar LED integrated lamp
ranges from 200nm to 400nm, and each columnar LED integrated lamp is placed in the
corresponding detachable fixing slot. The nano composite catalytic materials realize catalysis under
excitation action of the LED excitation light sources of the ultraviolet wavebands with wavelengths
ranging from 200nm to 400nm, high-oxidability groups containing reactive oxygen free radicals are
generated on surfaces of the catalytic fiber meshes of the nano materials, various organic matters in
water are thoroughly oxidized and degraded into CO2 and H2O, and accordingly the water treatment
device is quite high in water treatment capacit

The utility model provides a tap water filter, and relates to accessories of tap water pipe networks. The 1
tap water filter comprises a three-way pipe body, a filter ring and a seal cover, wherein the filter ring is
transversely arranged in the three-way pipe body and is sealed through the seal cover. The tap water
filter can effectively filter micro-deposits, silts, corrosion scales, biomembranes, rust and the like from
tap water; and meanwhile, silver ions released from a silver net layer are capable of inhibiting and
killing pathogenic microorganisms, and activated carbon can effectively absorb peculiar color and
smell, phenol, residual chlorine and the like from water, so that the water is cleaner after filtratio

The utility model provides an ultraviolet sterilizer for sea water, comprising a plastic sterilizing cylinder
and an ultraviolet lamp tube. The ultraviolet lamp tube is arranged in the plastic sterilizing cylinder and
is connected together with the plastic sterilizing cylinder in series through a plastic tube. When
entering into the plastic sterilizing cylinder, the sea water is subjected to the irradiation of the
ultraviolet lamp tube, and the micro organism, such as the protozoan, the bacteria, etc. in the sea
water are killed. The sea water can be treated by 6-10 tons per hour through the ultraviolet sterilizer
for sea water. The kill ratio for the bacteria of the after-treatment sea water is above 90%, and the kill
ratio for the protozoan reaches 100%. The ultraviolet sterilizer for sea water can be applied to the
medium-sized and the small-sized sea-water nurseries and the study units for aquatic product

The utility model, relating to an iron and manganese removing device for groundwater, belongs to 1
water-treating equipment, and is composed of a deep-well pump, an aerator, a reaction tank, a
booster pump, a filter, and a backwashing distributing pipe. The utility model is characterized in that
the aerator is a tubular body, and an aeration adjusting valve is equipped on the tubular body; the
filter is a bio-filter, and a biochemistry film is arranged on the filtering material; the backwashing
distributing pipe is equipped with a bore to form a high resisting and backwashing distribution system.
The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, less investment, and stable effects of water
treatment and it can reduce energy consumption and has excellent removal effect on micro-pollutant
in underground water, such as ammonia nitrogen and bacteri

The utility model discloses a novelultraviolet water sterilizer with full-automatic control, composed of a
machine case and a water tank. Two disinfection pipes are vertically arranged inside the machine
case, and ultraviolet lamp tubes are installed inside the disinfection pipes. From up to down, the water
stream rotates and ascends along the disinfection pipe to realize the thorough sterilization and
disinfection of water with a sterilization efficiency reaching 99.99%. An automatic control circuit is
adopted to make the sterilized water to be able to be used by the sterilizer at any time. Being the ideal
hygiene and disease controlling disinfection equipment for government offices, hotels and life-water
supply systems for public places, the sterilizer is suitable for sterilizing the water used for the raw
material and the water-cleaning system of industries of medicine, food, beverage, chemistry,
cosmetic, et
The utility model relates to the improvement of a fluoride removal device and a microporous filter, 1
characterized in that the utility model is provided with a non-poisonous all-plastic or metal casing with
an inside-outside upper-lower barrel structure. An upper ring space is filled with A1-[2]o-[3] fluoride
removal filter materials, and a lower cone is composite micro-mineral water immersion lixiviation
agent. The upper and lower two parts are separated by a movable sleeve annular filter. The central
upper part of the movable sleeve annular filter is hung with a filter core of a low-tension super high
polyethylene tube type; the top outside is provided with water inlet pipes communicated into the
fluoride removal filter materials and the top center via screw threads is provided with discharging
tubes communicated with the tube-type filter core. The utility model has the advantages of compact
structure, small size, light weight and convenient installatio

The utility model discloses a domestic generator of high-quality mineral water, comprising a water
inlet pipe (3), a sleeve-shaped mineral water purifier (4), a spillover-typed ultra-violet sterilizer (5), an
upright-typed water wheel magnetizer (7) and a water outlet tube (8). Using the domestic generator of
high-quality mineral water is convenient to change the tap water in any hydraulic pressure to high-
quality mineral water which can be directly drunk. The quality of the water is purified and sweet, and
the high-quality mineral water contains various minerals and trace elements which are beneficial to
human bodies. Frequently drinking the high-quality mineral water has the effects of treating diseases
and building bodies and reasoning powe

The utility model relates to a small-size tap water preparing device, which belongs to the field of water 1
supply engineering, composed of a pressure filter pot which is filled with chemical-fiber filter element,
a coagulant and disinfecting agent casting system, a micro water pump, a bracket, pipes and a valve.
The small-size tap water preparing device collects the functions of water taking, purifying, disinfecting
and pressurizing into one object. The small-size tap water preparing device can directly purify the
water from natural water bodies, such as rivers, streams, lakes and ponds into clean tap water. The
utility model has small size and convenient operation, and is suitable for decentralized water
supplying situations, such as families, sentry posts and outdoor camp

The utility model relates to a heterotypic quartz glass pipe which is used for treating ultraviolet light.
The utility model is mainly technically characterized in that the transversal profile of the glass pipe,
and the inner wall of the glass pipe belongs to a smooth circle arc; both ends of the glass pipe are
provided with a bulge for coupling a soft pipe. The utility model mainly solves the technical problems
of increasing the irradiating area of the ultraviolet light, washing the glass pipe, firmly coupling the soft
pipe, etc. The utility model can be widely used for treating blood, drinking water, etc. In the quartz
glass pipe with the ultraviolet ligh

The utility model relates to a novel thin-page type filter, belonging to the technical field of the micro- 1
filtration and the ultrafiltration of the membrane separation. The utility model is mainly composed of an
end clamp plate, a primary liquid flow passage plate, a membrane supporting plate, a filter
membrane, and a sealing gasket. Because the new structure such as a drainage groove is adopted,
the thickness of the membrane supporting plate and the primary liquid flow passage plate is thinned,
and the loading density of the filter membrane is enhanced. The loading density of the filter
membrane can reach 350 m+[2]/m+[3]. Therefore, the osmotic phenomenon of the filter liquor is
overcome, the filtering quality and the filtering efficiency are improved. Simultaneously, the
backwashing technology is realized, the service life of the filter membrane is extended, and the
replacing period of the membranous is extended a plurality of times. The filter is suitable for the
concentration, separation, and the purification of the product and the treatment of the water quality in
industries such as the chemical industry, the medicine, the food, the environmental protection, et

The utility model provides a millipore filtering pipe filter for water treatment. The utility model is mainly 1
composed of an outer casing which is provided with a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe, a water
collecting chamber which is arranged in the outer casing, and a filtering container which is provided
with a millipore filtering pipe. The micro filtration of the millipore filtering pipe is used to realize the
purification of water quality. The utility model can replace a filtering pond which is used to deliver sand
to the water supply treatment and which uses coal as a filtering medium. The utility model has the
advantages of compact structure, little ground occupation, convenient management, flowing treatment
realization, etc. The utility model is suitable for a water supply treatment syste
The utility model relates to a water purifying device. A water filtering device is composed of an inner 1
filter drum and an outer housing room as an inlet chamber at one side of the housing of the water
purifying device. The filter drum is successively filled from upper to lower with water-purifying medium
layers like ferromanganese, activated carbon fiber, triiodo-resin, micro-pore glass, etc. The water
outlet end is connected with a water outlet cap with medical stone. The other side of the housing is
provided with a valve core with grooves and through holes; the water outlet at the lower of the valve
core is connected with the large water outlet cap via the connection cap and the metal net. The end at
the other side of the housing is a turn knob connected with the valve core. The utility model has the
advantages of removed suspended matter, pollution ingredient and organic substance in water,
increased physiological function of the water, and eliminated pathogenic bacteria in the wate

The utility model relates to an oxidation reacting device with photochemical excitation, which is mainly
used for removing a slight organic pollutant in drinking water. In the device, an ultraviolet light
generator is tightly arranged in the inner cavity of a casing, a distance of an external cavity of the
generator and an inner wall of the casing is 1-3 mm. After gas such as oxygen, hydrogen peroxide,
ozone, etc., is processed by the device, a part of the oxygen can be converted into the ozone, and the
hydrogen peroxide and the ozone can be excited. The utility model can not only extinguish bacteria
and virus in the water with high efficiency, but also destroy the slight organic pollutant which is not
easily decomposed in the water. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient
operation and good water-purifying effec

The utility model relates to an aftertreatment device for running water. The utility model comprises a
tank cover, an upper tank body, a lower tank body, a water supply funnel and a base, wherein, a
combination filter element is arranged in the upper tank body. The inner part of the combination filter
element is orderly provided with cellulosic rough filtration material, silvering activated carbon, a
mineral filtering layer, activated carbon and a mineralization material layer from top to bottom. The
periphery of the combination filter element is provided with a magnet used for magnetization. An
ultraviolet disinfection lamp fitting, a safety reflecting cover and an automatic lift pump are also
arranged in the upper tank body. The utility model can kill bacteria, can magnetize running water time
after time, can mineralize running water in a selectable mode, and can automatically supply water.
The whole device has the advantages of compact structure, easy processing and fabrication, and low
cost. The water quality of mineral water which is treated by the device is safe and sanitar

The utility model relates to a sterilizing water purifier, which is mainly composed of a barrel body, a
barrel lid, an active carbon filtration chamber, a sterilizing chamber, an inhalant canal, an exhalant
canal, etc., wherein, at least one group of silver silk screen or ultraviolet ray lamp is arranged in the
sterilizing chamber. The purpose of sterilization of drinking water can be achieved by the sufficient
contacting of water and the silver surface or the irradiation which is created by the ultraviolet ray lamp
to water. The water which is treated by the sterilizing water purifier can be drunk without boiling. The
utility model has the advantages of energy source saving and convenient drinking, and is suitable for
families, schools, hotels, etc. in particula

The utility model relates to a water treating device which mainly solves the problems that a method
that water is added with chlorine or a method that ultraviolet rays and radio elements are used for
treating the water can result in water-quality pollution, etc. Because bacteria and algae in the water
are cells, the utility model adopts a high-frequency electromagnetic field to intensively destroy the
cells, and is provided with a purpose-made high-frequency generator which transmits high-frequency
electromagnetic oscillation through a metal transmitting barrel arranged in the center of a water
container to kill living bodies of the bacteria and the algae in the water, and therefore, the utility model
achieves the goal of water purification. The utility model has the advantages of high efficiency,
firmness, safety, reliability convenient installation and no pollution to the water without changing the
biochemical properties of the water, is suitable for occasions with large flow quantity and high
pressure, and is an ideal water purifying and treating device for drinking water industries, food
industries, pharmaceutical industries, et

The utility model relates to a water treatment device, in particular to an ultraviolet water sterilizing
device which comprises an ultraviolet lamp tube, an electric starter, a water inlet device, a water outlet
device, a quartz glass tube and an outer sleeve tube which are is sheathed on the ultraviolet lamp
tube. The adoption of an annular sterilizing chamber makes water which needs sterilizing irradiated
uniformly by ultraviolet rays. So the sterilizing effect can be ensured. Simultaneously, the utility model
is also provided with a filter and a magnetizer. So the quality of the water is improved. The utility
model has the advantage of low cost, and is widely suitable for mines, mountain areas and familie
The utility model discloses a hyperfiltrating water clarifier used for families, small-size communities 1
and offices for purifying water. The utility model is a double-cylinder hanging type or table placing type
water clarifier adopting honeycomb filter core pretreatment and hollow fiber hyperfiltrating membrane
assemblies. The utility model uses the hollow fiber hyperfiltrating membrane to replace conventional
static filtration with dynamic filtration, and the utility model can prepare purified water with two water
qualities The water with two water qualities is divided into filtrating water and hyperfiltrating water. The
filtering water has pure water quality and can be used for daily washing. The suspended object, the
colloid, the micro organism, the colibacillus and all of the bacteria and other harmful substances in the
hyperfiltrating water are removed. The hyperfiltrating water is transparent and has no bacteria or bad
taste, the hyperfiltrating water can be directly drunk or can be mixed for forming various drinks, and
the hyperfiltrating water is particularly suitable for producing household cooling drinks in summe

The utility model relates to a water purifier, which is mainly composed of a purification part activated 1
carbon filter net, a mineralization part medical stone net, a zeolite net for regulating the soft and the
hard degrees of the water quality and a magnetization part magnet. The lower end of the zeolite net of
a softening part is provided with a grate, the drinking water can be treated to be a magnetic water
which is clean, contains micro mineral element and has the moderate soft and hard degrees and the
magnetic water is suitable for the drinking of the human body. Besides, the utility model has also the
advantages of small size, convenient assembly, et

The utility model relates to a sealing type pressure, automatic water storage and purifying water
apparatus which is composed of the water inlet pipe of a water storage tank, an outlet pipe, a
magnetizer, a respiratory valve and an ultraviolet sleeve. The water storage tank which is connected
in series between the water inlet pipe and a water faucet utilizes magnetizer and ultraviolet ray to
magnetize city water, sterilize, and optimize the city wate

The utility model relates to a dynamic ultrafiltration magnetic water clarifier. The cylinder body of the 1
utility model is provided with a magnetizer with homodromous magnetic field and water stream, a
stainless steel coarse strainer, a fibre film ultrafiltration device composed of hollow fibres which are
densely and parallelly arranged, and an activated carbon pipe column in sequence according to water
stream path. Magnetized water goes into a cavity of the hollow fibres after being roughly filtered, the
water seeps from the inner part of the cavity to the outer side of a fibre film wall for being treated by
ultrafiltration processing, and the water goes into the inner part of the pipe column from the outer side
of the wall of the activated carbon pipe for being treated by dechlorinating processing. The water after
being treated by ultrafiltration and magnetization can be supplied for being directly drun

The utility model relates to a device directly producing ozone from liquid. The device is composed of a
liquid storage tank, a gas distributing head and an ultraviolet source. The gas is driven into the tank
from an air inlet pipe and produces a plurality of bubbles by the gas distributing head. The gas in the
bubbles produces the ozone after ultraviolet irradiation. The ozone dissolves in the water to play the
sterilizing effect. The device can be directly installed in a water supply line system for sterilization and
can also be installed in the drinking water treating devices for sterilization, such as mineral pots, et

The utility model relates to pretreatment equipment for scale formation prevention and siltation
prevention in permeable membrane water treatment system-a reinforced disinfecting and scale-
proofing infiltration promotor for film-typed water treating. The utility model is formed by that an
ultrasonic generator and a permanent magnetism generator which are connected by a connector. The
utility model is arranged before an ultraviolet light disinfection process to intensify disinfection effect
by a high magnetic field, and the utility model applies supersonic wave high magnetic field before the
processed water entering a film to take the effects of siltation prevention and infiltration assistance to
the film, so that the permeable membrane water treatment system can run with high efficiency for a
long time. The utility model solves the defect of the present faster siltation of salt and micro organism
for the fil
The utility model relates to a high-grade mineralizing apparatus of drinking water, which is composed
of a mineralizing tank and an electric control cabinet. The treated water contains various elements
required by the human body after synergistic effect, because the high-grade mineralizing apparatus of
drinking water comprises an ozone generator, an ultrasonic mineralizing apparatus, an ultraviolet ray
radicidation device, etc. The utility model has the advantages of asepsis, stable performance, long
service life and adjustable mineralization degree, and is a requisite device for the treatment of
drinking water for hotels, schools and office

The utility model relates to a crucial preprocessing, intermediate processing and terminal processing 1
device in a water treatment system. The utility model is provided with a casing (1) whose lower part is
provided with a water-entering hole (8) and a water-discharging hole (9), and at least a hollow core
shaft (2); through holes are arranged on the hollow core shaft (2) with different heights. The core shaft
(2) passes through a multi-layer filtration film (3), the seat of the film (4) which is matched with the
multi-layer filtration film (3), a cushion plate (5), and a support plat

The utility model relates to a water treatment apparatus which combines purification, magnetization,
mineralization, the seasoning of microelements and sterilization for drinking water. The utility model is
composed of a shell body, an absorbing-purifying layer in the shell body, a filter purifying layer, a
mineralizing seasoning-magnetizing layer and an ultraviolet radiation sterilization. The drinking water
treatment apparatus does not use chemistry medicament to make hydronium exchange, the drinking
water treatment apparatus uses the innocuous natural material to separate the baneful substances of
chloride, calcium magnesium salt, etc. in water out and sterilize by the seasoning of microelements
and the ultraviolet radiation, and then the tap water becomes the mineral drinking water in good qualit

The utility model relates to a portable mineralized and magnetized water-cleaning device for tap use, 1
which is a water treatment device, comprising a cup body, a cup cover, and a water purifier arranged
in the cup body. The upper shell of the water purifier is connected with the lower shell of the water
purifier. The funnel-shaped upper shell is provided with an impeller shaft hole supported by ribs. A
water outlet hole is arranged on the lower homology end face of the lower shell. The inner side of the
lower end face is provided with a convex body with a hole, and a circular annular magnet is sheathed
on the convex body. Active carbons and medical stones which are provided with lower retainer rings
are arranged in the lower shell, an ultrafiltration membrane pressed with an upper retainer ring is
arranged on the lower retainer ring. An impeller is arranged between the upper shell and the upper
retainer ring, and the lower end of the impeller shaft is arranged in the hole of the center convex body
of the upper retainer rin

The utility model discloses equipment for purifying sterilizing drinking water, assembled by a purifier
comprising scavenging agents, and a ceramic filter, a disinfection and sterilization device comprising
an ultraviolet ray germicidal lamp with high performance and a water storage tank. The drinking water
sterilizer is arranged on a water supply pipe, disinfection by boiled water is not needed, the water can
be directly drunk, and food can be washed and cooked by the water. The water is the sterile stroma
water in the beverage mechanical manufacture. The drinking water sterilizer is widely used for the
trade of households, public places, and diet, and the drinking water sterilizer is beneficial to epidemic
prevention and sanitatio

The utility model belongs to a device which uses ultrafiltration to purify drinking water. At present, 1
drinking bowls are various, each drinking bowl has the efficacy of purification, disinfection,
mineralization and magnetization, but each drinking bowl has the disadvantages that the product
structure is not airtight, and the filtering technology is unreasonable. Thus, the utility model designs a
novel drinking bowl which is mainly composed of two airtight pipelines, and the whole pipelines are
arranged in an airtight casing; active carbon, medical stone, magnets and ultrafiltration membranes
are respectively arranged in the two pipelines, and the processes of adsorption, mineralization,
magnetization and filtration are orderly carried out. The bottoms of the two pipelines are
communicated, a water inlet is arranged on the top of one pipeline, and a water outlet is arranged on
the top of the other pipelin
The utility model relates to an eliminating device for trace organic compounds in drinking water,
belonging to the technical field of water treatment. In order to enhance the oxidizing ability of
oxidizability mixture gases and the eliminating rate of the oxidizability mixture gases for the trace
organic compounds in the drinking water, the device is designed. The utility model comprises a
generator of various strong oxidizability mixture gases. An electrolytic tank (I) can be used, the gas
outlet (7) of the generator is connected with the inlet (8) of a photochemical energizer (II) with an
ultraviolet source, and an outlet (9) on the photochemical energizer outputs various strong
oxidizability mixture gases increasing oxidizing activity. The utility model is especially suitable for the
water supply system of running water to be treated by inhabitants and group user

The utility model relates to an ultra-filtering water purifier; a preliminary treatment barrel is 1
communicated with a precise treatment barrel; a discharge hole for washing water is opened on the
lower part of the precise treatment barrel; rolling type ultrafiltration membrane is arranged in the
precise treatment barrel; the membrane can filter any substances whose diameters of particles are
larger than 0.01 mu m. The water after filtered can be directly drunk without bacterium essentially.
When the washing water is fetched from the discharge hole, the accumulated and attached products
on the ultrafilter membrane can be automatically cleane

The utility model discloses an automatic reverse osmosis water purifier used for water treatment. A 1
filter screen made of stainless steel, a first filter column and an activated carbon column are utilized
for the preliminary treatment of tap water, and then preliminarily treated water is pressurized to obtain
pure water via a reverse osmosis membrane column. Produced water has favorable water quality, and
organic substances (such as agricultural chemicals, etc.), metal ions, bacteria, viruses, nitrate,
chlorine salt, etc. are filtered out. The utility model separates and filters water and impurities by means
of mechanical pressure without phase change. Water quality is stable. The water purifier is provided
with an upper and a lower level controllers, and thus the automatic reverse osmosis water purifier
used for water treatment can operate automatically. The utility model is suitable for institutions,
hospitals, hotels, restaurants, tour places, field workers and familie

The utility model belongs to a drinking water purifier making use of magnetism, mine and ultrafiltration 1
membrane. Various drinking water purifiers of different types exist in the current market and has the
disadvantages of no fluoride removal, no ultrafilter, larger volume and inconvenient carry. Therefore,
the utility model designs a portable water purifier, which is composed of a bottom cover, a filter barrel,
a filter element, a fluoride removaling device, a mineralizing device, a magnetizer and a hollow fiber
ultrafiltration membrane. The fluoride removaling device, the mineralizing device and the ultrafiltration
membrane are arranged in the filter element; the filter element is loaded in the space which is
composed of the filter barrel and the bottom cover; a water outlet is arranged on the lower end of the
bottom cover; a water inlet is arranged on the side face thereo

The utility model relates to a household diatomaceous earth water purifier, composed of a pipe 1
connecting seat, a press cap, a valve seat, a filtering cavity and a water dividing net. The inner part of
the filtering cavity is provided with filter bag, and the filter bag is orderly provided with a filter cotton, a
diatomaceous earth filtering agent and a filter screen from top to bottom. The filtering agent has a fine
cellular structure with high permeability and high filtering efficiency, and can also filter harmful disease
sources, such as micro organism, colibacillus, blood fluke larva, etc., besides filtering impurity and
iron rust in water. The household diatomaceous earth water purifier can be directly arranged on a
water supply faucet, and the filtering agent is convenient for replacement. With low cost, the utility
model is an inexpensive, convenient and novel household water purifying devic

The utility model relates to a water treatment device which can purify, sterilize, mineralize and 1
magnetize running water. The device is composed of a micro-filtration pipe, an ultrafiltration pipe, an
absorption mineralizing pipe, a magnetizing device, etc., wherein, the upper ends of the ultrafiltration
pipe and the absorption mineralizing pipe are respectively provided with an exhaust device; the upper
part in the absorption mineralizing pipe is provided with a silver carrying active carbons for adsorption
and sterilization, and the lower part is provided with a mineralizing object which simulates the stratum
structure and mineralizes water. The utility model integrally combines multiple functions, such as
micro-filtration, ultrafiltration, adsorption sterilization, mineralization, magnetization, etc.; people can
obtain magnetized mineral water which is clean and bacteria free and contains many kinds of trace
elements required by human bod
The utility model relates to a late-model terminal device for water for removing bacteria and purifying 1
for the drinking water of living, which adopts the filtration of the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane in
the membrane separating technology. The utility model is composed of a prefiltration pipe, an
ultrafiltration pipe, a three-way ball valve, various connection pipes and a tank body, the prefiltration
pipe and the ultrafiltration pipe are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the tank body, and the
upper and the lower ends thereof and two side faces are provided with connection holes which are in
screw connection with various connection pipes. The water filter for drink has reasonable structure,
convenient operation and good effects on removing bacteria and purifyin

The utility model provides a combined serial water purifying machine, which is composed of a water 1
pipe onnector, a water inlet pipe, filters, a water outlet pipe and a suspension bracket, wherein, a
single combined filter is composed of a shell and a micropore pipe made of polyethylene silver
carrying active carbon, or a filter element. A double combined filter is formed by a method that the
water outflow end of the single combined filter is connected in series with a filter which is composed of
a folding type filter element with a micro filter membrane, and a shell. A triple combined filter is formed
by that an ultraviolet sterilizer is connected in series with the water outlet end of the double combined
filter. The utility model has the advantages of novel structure, strong adsorption capacity, long service
life of the filter element, convenient replacement, convenient maintenance and good effect in
removing impurities, abnormal flavor and heterochrosi

The utility model relates to a full automatic circulating water quality treatment device, which comprises
a shell body and an automatic-suction water pump arranged on the inner bottom of the shell body in
connection. A control board, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the shell body.
The automatic-suction water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe. The water outlet of the
water-suction pump is connected with a double filter arranged on the middle portion of the shell body.
The water outlet pipe of the double filter is connected with a cooling and heating device whose inner
portion is provided with a circular evaporator and an electric heating pipe. The cooling and heating
device is positioned on the bottom portion of the shell body. A sandy filter is positioned on the upper
portion of the shell body. The water outlet of the sandy filter is connected with an ultraviolet sterilizer
and a magnetizer which are up and down communicated by a valve. The magnetizer is connected
with the water outlet pip

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet sterilizing super water purifier, which is a device for
purification, magnetization and sterilization of drinking water and belongs to the field of food
machinery. The utility model is composed of a two-stage filter part composed of a connecting sleeve,
a magnetic loop in the connecting sleeve, active carbon and filter paper, and a sterilizing body part
composed of a sterilizing body and sterilizing lamp tubes in the sterilizing body. The utility model can
remove impurities and bacteria mixed in tap water or well water so as to cause the tap water or the
well water to be delicious drinking wate

The utility model relates to a multifunctional purifier for liquid phase water quality, which belongs to a
water treatment device, and the multifunctional purifier for liquid phase water quality is mainly used for
the purification of the sea water of the aquaculture industry. The utility model is characterized in that
the multifunctional purifier for liquid phase water quality is composed of two-six liquid phase reaction
devices with identical structures, and each liquid phase reaction device comprises a water inlet pipe,
a reaction cylinder body, an ultraviolet lamp, a quartz protection cover, a flange, a top cover, an air
inlet/outlet nozzle, an air delivery pipe, a water delivery pipe, a water-gas mixed pumping cavity, and a
water outlet pipe. The multifunctional purifier for liquid phase water quality has the advantages of
simple structure, reasonable design, arbitrary number of stages, complete functions, wide purpose, no
secondary pollution, fast water treatment, large processing quantity, etc. The multifunctional purifier
for liquid phase water quality is integration of the purification of the gas phase water quality and the
ultraviolet disinfection, and the lamp tube does not contact with the wate
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The utility model is characterized in 1
that a filter core circular cylinder (8) is divided into an upper hollow chamber and a lower hollow
chamber via a filtration septum (7), and water-resistant honeycombed silver carrying active carbon (6)
are arranged in the upper hollow chamber and the lower hollow chamber. The upper cover (5) of the
filter core circular cylinder (8) is matched and sealed with water inlet or outlet covers (3) via an o-
shaped sealing ring (11), and the circular lug boss of a lower cover (9) is directly supported on the
concave platform of the inner bottom of a circular cylindrical shell (1). The upper and the lower covers
(5) and (9) are provided with clamping grooves sealed and fastened with the filter core circular
cylinder (8), and the inlet of a connecting position between the water inlet or outlet covers (3) of the
upper and the lower covers (5) and (9) and the circular cylindrical shell (1) is provided with an active
filtering cotton felt (10). The utility model achieves the effect of sterilization due to the action of silver
ions, honeycombed active carbon can effectively eliminate odor and harmful substances such as
organic compound, and thus sterilized and purified drinking water is obtaine

The utility model relates to an automatic cleaning drink-water purifier, which is composed of a water 1
purifier and a water injector two main parts. The water purifier is mainly characterized in that a
turbidity removing filter pipe with a micro-hole having a hole diameter of 5 mu is provided. The water
injector is mainly composed of a water injecting nozzle, a negative pressure suction pipe joint and a
switching valve. The utility model can conveniently remove dirt in the water purifier automatically at
any time, thus the water quality of the drink-water is further ensured, and meanwhile, a same running
water tap can provide a diversion switching function for respectively providing purified water and non-
purified wate

The utility model relates to a separation device, which can be used for purifying drinking water. The 1
utility model comprises a carbon box for adsorption and filtration, two or at least two membrane
devices and a platform for connecting a casing with the membrane devices; inner hole channels are
arranged in the casing, the membrane devices and the platform. The utility model is also provided
with a rotary valve which can be connected with the inner hole channels through different rotating
positions of the valve core thereof, the ultrafiltration of water is implemented, the water ultrafiltered by
parts of the membrane devices is used for recoiling and washing other membrane devices. The utility
model solves the problem of a present ultra-filtering water purifier that the water output decreases
following with the time in the usage period. The utility model has the advantages of essentially
constant water output, low operating cost, long servoce life, small size and lower manufacturing cos

The utility model relates to a photochemical exciting oxidizing reactor mainly used for removing micro
organic pollutants in drinking water. The UV+O3 photoelectric tube of the utility model is sealed and
positioned in the inner cavity of a shell body, and the spacing between the outer cavity of the
photoelectric tube and the inner wall of the shell body is 3 to 10 mm. The gases such as hydrogen
peroxide, ozone, hydrogen gas, etc. are oxidized. After the hydrogen peroxide, the ozone and the
hydrogen gas are treated by the utility model, oxygen can be partially converted into the ozone, and
the hydrogen peroxide and the ozone can be activated. Bacteria and viruses in the water can be
effectively killed, and the trace organic pollutants which are difficult to decompose in the water can be
destroyed. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and favorable
effect of purifying the wate

The utility model belongs to purifying device which can remove fluorine for high-fluorine water through 1
fluoride removal agent and a super-filter membrane. The utility model is composed of two filter
barrels, wherein, one filter barrel is used for removing the fluoride; the other filter barrel is used for
super-filter. Two filter barrels are communicated through a pipeline and are fixed on a supporting
board, forming the integration. The filter barrel is provided with two layers of an inner barrel and an
outer barrel, wherein, the inner barrel is used for placing the fluoride removal agent or the super-filter
membrane; the bottom of the inner barrel is a reticular supporting bottom; a cover is provided with
holes for directly leading to a central passage in the cover of the outer barrel. The side face of the
cover of the outer barrel is provided with two openings, wherein, one opening leads to the central
passage; the other opening is communicated with the surrounding annular space of the central
passage; the opening of one of the filter barrels is used as a water inlet; the opening of another filter
barrel is used as a water outle
The utility model relates to a multifunctional water purifying apparatus. The multifunctional water
purifying apparatus can directly obtain service water, bath water and directly drinking pure water
according to different needs after the multi-stage and multi-ply filtration of filtering materials. The
multifunctional water purifying apparatus comprises a primary filter, a water storage tank, an oxidant
adding device in fixed quantity, a controller, a compound filter material filter, a magnetizer and a
drinking water ultraviolet disinfector. The utility model adopts separation technique, biological active
carbon technology and photo-oxygenation process U[v]+H[2]O[2], U[V]-H[2]O technology, which
makes water directly reach drinking purpose through filtering after sterilizing. The utility model has
simple structure, and is widely suitable for the use of households and communities in different
hierarchie

The utility model relates to an ultra filtering reverse osmosis unified water treating apparatus relates, 1
which is a novel water treatment device combined with an ultra filter and a reverse osmosis device for
preparing pure water. The utility model is composed of a power device, a control valve, a primary filter,
an ultrafilter, the reverse osmosis device and a pipeline system. The power device comprises a motor
and a centrifugal pump, and the parts of the devices are connected into the device of a circulating
system via the pipeline system. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure,
advanced performance, large quantity of water penetration, favorable filtering performance, stable
water quality, wide range of water source adaption, high automatic intensity, simple maintenance, et

The utility model relates to a water purifying and disinfecting tank with ultra high performance, which 1
comprises a tank body provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and purifying filter membranes,
wherein, a filter cylinder with the surface having adsorbing fillers is arranged below an upper purifying
filter membrane in the tank body; a hole net type sterilizing nucleus is arranged above filter materials
in the filter cylinder. The utility model effectively eliminates harmful substances to a human body in
water, such as impurities, odors, chloroform, etc.; besides, the utility model also has the advantages
of large water treatment capacity, no limit of water sources and water quality, good disinfecting and
sterilizing effect, simple and convenient operation and long service life. The utility model is suitable for
domestic drinking water treatment for rivers, lakes, ponds, etc. which use surface water or
groundwater as the water source

The utility model relates to a drinking water purifier station for a group. Between the water inlet and
the sewage draining exit of the purifier, a pipeline pump, a filter, an ultraviolet ray high-efficiency
sterilizer, a magnetizing column, a purifier and a secondary mineralizing apparatus are connected in
parallel via pipelines and valves, and a high-position non-pollution water storage tank is installed on a
secondary purifier. The utility model carries out a full-closure running for the process, having the
advantages of high sterilizing efficiency and speed, high purified water quality, novel structure, large
capacity, matched process, easy installation and convenient operation, being not only capable of
satisfying the life water use of institutes and groups, but also capable of being matched with drinking
and bathing boilers or tea boilers for offering drinking water or bathing water. The utility model is a
drinking water purifier station for a group, which is worthy of being popularize

The utility model relates to a high quality drinking water device. By means of the high quality drinking
water device, the water quality of inflow water reaches national living drinking water standard, and the
water quality of outflow water can completely reaches the international high quality drinking water
standard after treatment. The high quality drinking water device is composed of a water inlet valve, a
water storage device, a water level probe, a water pump, a controller, a composite filter core, a
magnetizer, a sterilizer and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The utility model makes driving water completely
become direct drinking water with high quality and has the advantages of reasonable and simple
design, low cost and favorable water processing effect, the water processed by the utility model can
completely reach the high quality drinking water standard, and thus the utility model can be widely
applied to families and small communities and unit

The utility model relates to an active carbon filter core structure for a water purifying machine. An 1
active carbon pipe body with micro-filtration holes is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer,
the inner layer is of a dense small-aperture structure, and the outer layer is of a loose large-aperture
structure; a layer of non-woven cloth is covered on the external surface of the active carbon pipe body
with micro-filtration holes, and a polypropylene porous and elastic plastic net is wrapped outside the
non-woven cloth; an upper end cover and a bottom end cover are adhered by hot melting on the
active carbon pipe body with micro-filtration holes, and a filter core is inserted and sealed with the
bottom seat of a water purifying machine by a sealing ring on the bottom end cover. The utility model
has the advantages of high filtration accuracy, strong dirt receiving ability, long service life, various
functions, good sealing effect, less possibility of leakage, flexible operation and convenient
replacemen
The utility model discloses a water purifier, which is characterized in that the water purifier is 1
integration of medicine feeding, reactive precipitation, and slag elimination. A slag pressing tank (4)
and a reactive precipitating tank (3) are welded to be integration and are successively arranged in a
casing (16); an annular partition board (17) which is transversally arranged in a space among the
conical drum-shaped reactive precipitating tank (3), the slag pressing tank (4), and the internal wall of
the casing (16) can make the space divided; a clear water tank (1) and a medicine feeding tank (2)
are formed; a slag eliminating tank (7) is arranged in the space between the slag pressing tank (4)
and the internal wall of the casing (16), and the tanks are respectively provided with water inlets and
water outlets which are connected with pipelines. The water purifier realizes the precipitation of the
water slag without cores and filtering cloth and stable separation; the water purifier is also provided
with a slag eliminating tank which can conduct the anaerobic decomposition and the treatment of the
micro organisms; the recovered water can reach to the national discharge standard; the water purifier
which can be reused has the advantages of electricity saving, energy saving, good overall engine
performance, simple structure, and convenient usag

The utility model relates to a drinking machine with an ozone sterilizing system. The utility model is
composed of a high voltage circuit, a high voltage output line, an ozone generating pipe or rod, an air
compressor, an air delivery pipe, an ozone delivery pipe, bubble wood or stone, a raw water storage
tank, a drinking machine body, etc. Firstly, air is pressurized by an air compressor, is conveyed into an
inlet of the ozone generating pipe, and then the generated ozone can generate fine ozone bubbles
through the bubble wood or stone so as to be introduced to the raw water storage tank which can
directly implement sterilizing treatment to the water in the tank. The sterilizing efficiency is high, the
power consumption is only as half as that of the existing ultraviolet lamp tube, and the service life is
as five times as that of the ultraviolet lamp tub

The utility model relates to a compound speed variable expansion biological filter pool, which belongs 1
to the technical field of water pollution control. The utility model is characterized in that the filter pool is
composed of a water inlet zone, a water collecting zone and a water distributing zone, wherein, the
filter pool is cylindrical, a pool body (1) of an outer cylinder is in a cylinder, and an inner cylinder is a
speed variable separating cylinder which is in a frustum body to form two speed variable zones. The
utility model can implement advanced treatment to sewage or pretreatment to micro-polluted source
water so as to remove nitrogenous matters or micro-polluted organics for recycle, can ensure good
water outlet, and is suitable for advanced treatment of the sewage or pretreatment of water
purification projec

The utility model relates to an industrial water purifier by multi-stage countercurrent process. The 1
utility model solves the problems of big occupying area of complicated process, non-ideal water purity,
long time consuming for shutdown backwashing, high cost, low production efficiency, big consumed
energy, etc. of the present industrial service water purifying device. The utility model is characterized
in that a multistage filter, a multistage booster pump, countercurrent devices which are connected in
series (parallel), a testing instrument and an e electric appliance are installed in a box body and are
connected with each other. The impurity, such as colloid, micro-particles, organics, bacteria, metal ion,
radioactive substances, etc. that exist in water can be removed, and the purity can be reached to 18
M omega (6 mu S/M). The industrial water purifier by multi-stage countercurrent process has the
advantages of continuous producing pure water, stabilization, low consumed energy, small ground
occupation, automatic operation, no stop backwashing, long service life and low operation cost. The
industrial water purifier by multi-stage countercurrent process is widely used for various raw water
(subterranean water, surface water, tap water), and can be used for preparing high purity water which
are required by electron, food product, beverage, brewing and pharmacy industr
The utility model relates to a fixed film photocatalysis oxidized water quality depth purifier. The center
of the cylinder body is provided with an ultraviolet lamp; the external side of the ultraviolet lamp is
provided with a glass sleeve tube; the external side of the sleeve tube is provided with the component
of the catalyst film; the component is a glass fiber net which is coated and loaded by the TiO < 2 >
catalytic agent; the upper side and the lower side of the glass fiber net can be rebounded to be a
multi-layer cylinder through a pair of biting cards of the elastic and spiral clamping strips composed of
yin and yang strips which are respectively provided with concave grooves and convex grooves; the
glass fiber net is fixed with a plurality of rigid supporting rods with hooks on the two heads; the
cylinder body is coated with holes in the longitudinal direction; the center of the upper and the lower
covers is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring which can prevent the water current from leaking,
and the O-shaped ring on the lower cover which is externally provided with diffusion slices can
conduct the oxygenation agitation to the water body with an oxygenator on the external side of the
cylinder body. The fixed film photocatalysis oxidized water quality depth purifier can be used for the
treatment of the industrial wastewater, the drinking water, and the high purity water. After being treated
by the fixed film photocatalysis oxidized water quality depth purifier, the tap water can reach to the
safe drinking standar

The utility model discloses a device for purification and disinfecting treatment of drink water, which is
mainly composed of a base (1), an ultraviolet disinfector (2), a two-stage purifying filter (3), a water
pump (4), and a backwashing storing purifier (6). The water pump (4) presses the water which comes
from a water inlet pipe valve (7) to the two-stage purifying filter (3) via a pipeline valve (8). The two-
stage purifying filter (3) and the ultraviolet disinfector (2) are connected with the backwashing storing
purifier (6). The utility model simultaneously adopts a filtering disinfecting device and an ultraviolet
disinfecting device, the purifying and the disinfecting effects are better, and the service life is longe

The utility model relates to a small water-supply and purifying technique and equipment using micro- 1
eddy and low-impulse, which is integral small-sized water-supply purification equipment being
designed according to the new water supply treatment theory and technique, combining a mixer, a
flocculator, a settling filter tank, a medicine throwing tank, a disinfectant tank, a measuring instrument,
etc. and having compact structure, small size, high treatment efficiency, and good water outlet quality.
The utility model is especially suitable for the water consumption requirement of small-scale people of
inland waterway crafts, villages and small towns, fieldwork teams, et

The utility model relates to the environmental protecting machine of the water treatment in the 1
mechanical field, which provides a purifying treatment device which is suitable for a plurality of kinds
of more complex water qualities. The utility model is characterized in that a first chamber and a third
chamber are provided with a micro-pore water collector, and the internal part of the third chamber is
provided with ABCDEF depth-type filtering chambers. The purifying treatment device can be applied
to the purifying treatment of the mine water, the domestic sewage, the surface water, the underground
water, and the water of the river and the lake. The purifying treatment device can totally have more
obvious effects on removing the COD, the BOD, the fluoride, the chrominance, the iron substrate, the
turbidity, the petroleum type, the ammonia nitrogen, the detergent of the zwitterion, etc. The water
which is conducted the purifying treatment by the purifying treatment device is in conformity with the
GB5749-85 sanitary standard of the drinking water of the countr

The utility model relates to household goods, particularly a household water filter whose filter element 1
is arranged inside with a changeable micropore filtering layer and whose water inlet and outlet pipes
are coupled with converting switches. The utility model comprises filter elements arranged in a cover
casing and activated carbon arranged in the filter cartridge of the filter elements; the water inlet pipe
and the water outlet pipes are coupled with the filter element; converting switches are coupled with
the other ends of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipes; an inner cylinder and an outer
cylinder are arranged in the filter element; the changeable micropore filtering layer is arranged
between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the filter elements has a coarsefilter element and a
precise filter element; the coarse filter element and the precise filter element are connected through a
hose; ultrafiltration membrane and a supporting layer are arranged in the precise filter element. The
utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and operation, good effect
on purified wate
The utility model discloses a portable purifying water drinking device. The water drinking device is 1
characterized in that a filter element which is arranged in the outer shell of the water drinking device is
composed of a filter element cylinder and a filtering layer arranged in the cylinder, a first layer is a
nonwoven fabric (felt) layer, and a water distribution plate with holes is respectively arranged on the
upper and the lower two surfaces of the first layer; a second layer is a copper-zinc alloy dielectric
layer; a third layer is an activated carbon fiber layer; a fourth layer is a granular activated carbon
layer; a fifth layer is a fine microporous filtering film layer, and a water distribution plate with holes is
respectively arranged on the upper and the lower two surfaces of the fifth layer. The utility model is
widely suitable for occasions drinking raw tap wate

The utility model discloses a portable miniature water purifier, comprising a water taking device, a 1
water flow reversing valve device, a cylinder body, an ultra-filtration device, a water outlet device, and
a manual pressure sucking device. The water taking device is connected with the water flow reversing
valve device via a quick joint, the water flow reversing valve device is arranged on the lower end of
the cylinder body, and a water inlet ball valve and a water outlet ball valve are arranged in the water
flow reversing valve device. The filter core of the ultra-filtration device is arranged between the
cylinder body and a piston cylinder, the water outlet device is arranged on the upper end of the
cylinder body, and the water outlet of the water outlet device is communicated with the inner cavity of
the ultra-filtration device. The piston cylinder of the manual pressure sucking device is arranged in the
middle of the cylinder body, and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is communicated with the water
taking device via the water inlet ball valve and is communicated with the outer cavity of the ultra-
filtration device via the water outlet ball valv

The utility model relates to a hollow fibre fine-filtering water purifier, which is suitable for being used 1
for various occasions of urban and rural families, schools, kindergartens, restaurants, guesthouse,
etc. The water purifier comprises exterior and interior members, the exterior members comprises a
rotary cover, an outer shell, a chassis; the interior members mainly comprises a coarse filter element
and a fine filter element; tap water can be directly drunk without boiled after filtered by the water
purifier. The water purifier has the selection function that the internal filter material can be cleaned
without dismantlin

The utility model discloses an electronic water purifier which is used for treating running water,
comprising a primary purifier 19, a raw water faucet 26, a faucet 3 which is provided with a secondary
purifying barrel 9, a faucet 23 which is provided with a sterilizing ultraviolet tube 16, a self-closing
device 36 and a driving circuit of the sterilizing ultraviolet tube 16, wherein, a water outlet pipe 32 of
the self-closing device 36 is connected with the primary purifier 19 through a raw water inlet pipe 12
whose one path is directly connected with the raw water faucet 26 through a raw water outlet pipe 28,
and the other path is connected with the primary purifier 19 through an inlet port 31 of primary
purifying barrel. One part of the faucet 3 which is provided with a secondary purifying barrel 9 is
mechanically connected with the primary purifier 19 and is interpenetrated with a water channel of the
primary purifier 19 through a secondary purifying barrel water inlet pipe 21, and the faucet 23 which is
provided with the sterilizing ultraviolet tube 16 is mechanically connected with a main body. Sterilizing
cavity water inlet pipe 11 is interpenetrated with a sterilizing cavity 17 through a cavity 29 which is
provided with an electronic circuit board 41 which is connected with electric wires and a plug.
Because the utility model is provided with the sterilizing ultraviolet tube and is simultaneously
provided with the raw water and secondary water purifying outlets, people's using requirements of
various states of water in daily life, actual use value and extensive market demand can be satisfie

The utility model relates to a domestic ion water-purifying device. The utility model is characterized in 1
that the water-purifying device is composed of a PE pipe-type filter element for separating liquid and
solid, an ultra-violet sterilizing lamp, a multifunction mineralizing filter post, an electrolytic cell with a
special frequency, pipe lines which are mutually communicated, etc. Firstly, running water is sterilized
by ultraviolet radiation, then is mineralized by the multifunction mineralizing filter post, and lastly,
enters the electrolytic cell with a special frequency; the hydrogen bonds of partial water molecules are
broken off and the partial water molecules are ionized, the pH value of the water adjacent to the
position of an anode presents acidic, and the pH value of the water adjacent to the position of a
cathode presents alkaline. After the water is purified for a second time, trace elements needed by
human bodies are added to be favorable for being absorbed by human bodie
The utility model relates to a drinking water terminal filter, comprising a casing and a micro-hole 1
filtering pipe, wherein, the micro-hole filtering pipe is fixed in the casing, a water outlet cavity is formed
between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the micro-hole filtering pipe and is
communicated with a water outlet hole of the filter, a resistant water distributing pipe is especially
sheathed in the micro-hole filtering pipe, one end of the resistant water distributing pipe is enclosed,
the other end of the resistant water distributing pipe is a flow inlet end, a water inlet of the filter is
communicated with the flow inlet end of the resistant water distributing pipe, a water inlet cavity is
formed between the outer wall of the resistant water distributing pipe and the inner wall of the micro-
hole filtering pipe, and the side wall of the resistant water distributing pipe is provided with an overflow
hole communicated with the water inlet cavit

The utility model relates to water purifying equipment, particularly a domestic water purifier. The utility 1
model is composed of a housing, an active carbon filtering cartridge, an ultrafiltration membrane
filtering cartridge and a three-way valve, wherein, the active carbon filtering cartridge and the
ultrafiltration membrane filtering cartridge are installed in the housing; a sewer outlet is arranged on
the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane filter cartridge, a water outlet is arranged on the side wall of
the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane filter cartridge, and the sewer outlet and the water outlet are
respectively connected with the three-way valve through connecting pipes. When a rotary handle is
poked, the filtering state or the back flushing state of the ultrafiltration membrane filtering cartridge can
be altered. The utility model has the advantages of small size, high purifying speed and convenient
use; besides, water is thoroughly purified, etc.; the utility model is especially suitable for being used in
a living room of a famil

The utility model belongs to a water purifying device, which is composed of an ozonizer, an inner
circulating current bubble reactor, and the storage box of purified water with a liquid level controller.
The size of the inner circulating current bubble reactor is d=3 centimeters; D< 1 >< 2 >-D< 0 >< 2
>/D< 2 >< 2 >-D< 1 >< 2 >=0.55-0.95h< 1 >/D< 2 >>=3. the operating parameter of the inner
circulating current bubble reactor is gas-phase ozone concentration from 1 to 10 mgs / liter, the gas
speed of an empty tower is from 4 to 7 centimeters/ second, and liquid gas ratio is less than 0.5. The
utility model uses the mutual cooperation of the photochemistry of ozone and an ultraviolet lamp and
sterilizes and removes dirt. Water after the sterilizing and the purifying can be directly drunk. The
utility model has th eadvantages of simple structure and less energy consumptio

The utility model discloses a drinking water purifier, which is composed of a water purifying device, 1
and a sewage draining device, wherein, the water purifying device is composed of a micro-filter
composed of a micro-filtering tube, and a short-wave ultraviolet sterilizer arranged at the back side of
the micro-filter; the sewage draining device is composed of a water flow converter arranged at the
front part of the micro-filter. The drinking water purifier can produce drinking water with high quality by
the micro-filtering action of a micropore filtering tube and the disinfection action of the short-wave
ultraviolet, and meantime, the drinking water purifier has sewage draining function so that the volume
is reduced, and the service life is extende

The utility model relates to a portable pure water supply device. The utility model is composed of 1
multiple filters, a cylinder, a one way valve, a sterilizing device, a back flushing film sheet, etc. The
utility model has the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, portability, convenient
use, good quality for supplied pure water, etc. The utility model can be directly used for pumping and
purifying water from water sources, such as a river, etc. and can be also used for inflation, air
pumping, or liquid pumping, and the utility model is suitable for a field worker and an area without
power suppl

The utility model discloses a portable pocket water purifier which is suitable for workers who work in 1
the fields. The utility model is characterized in that an ultrafilter, a water absorbing device, an
ultrafiltration one-way valve and a water absorbing one-way valve are arranged on a base, wherein,
the ultrafilter is composed of a filter core and a filter core cylinder; the lower end of the filter core
cylinder is communicated with one end of the ultrafiltration one-way valve by a through bolt; the upper
end of the filter core cylinder is provided with a filter core cover with a water outlet. The water
absorbing device is composed of a piston and a piston cylinder; the piston is connected with a piston
rod with a handle; the lower end of the piston cylinder is communicated with one end of the water
absorbing one-way valve and the other end of the ultrafiltration one-way valve simultaneously by a
through bolt; the upper end of the piston cylinder is provided with a piston cylinder cover. The
ultrafiltration one-way valve and the water absorbing one-way valve are respectively composed of a
valve body and a ball bod
The utility model belongs to the water treatment device, particularly a sterilizer for tap water. The utility
model is suitable for sterilizing for industrial and domestic using water. The utility model is composed
of an ultraviolet lamp, a quartz tube, an anodised aluminium outer sleeve pipe, an outer casing, a
ballast, a glow starter, a water inlet tube, and a water outlet tube, wherein, the ultraviolet lamp is
arranged in the quartz tube, and the quartz tube is arranged in the anodised aluminium outer sleeve.
The utility model can be widely used for the fields, such as civil drinking water, medical sanitary, food
processing, drinks, wine production, et

The utility model provides a domestic water purifier. The utility model is characterized in that a column 1
cylinder type casing is adopted; a micropore ceramic filter core is arranged in the inner cavity of the
casing by connection; an activated carbon adsorbing tube is arranged in the inner cavity of the
ceramic filter core by connection; the top and the bottom of the water purifier casing are respectively
provided with a water inlet pipe joint and a water outlet pipe head. The utility model integrates filtration
and absorption. The utility model has multiple functions of filtering water quality, bacteria eliminating,
color and flavour eliminating, contaminant eliminating, etc. The utility model has the advantages of
novel structure, high efficiency, and convenient operation. The utility model is a novel water purifie

The utility model relates to a two-way pipeline type water purifier, which belongs to the water purifiers. 1
The utility model comprises a valve body and a valve core. The utility model is characterized in that a
mineralizing layer, a hollow refining silk filtering layer, an iodine-containing algae-removing sterilizing
layer, and a coarse filtering layer are successively arranged in the water purifying liner from top to
bottom, wherein, the coarse filtering layer is arranged below the water purifying liner; a casing is
connected with the valve body. The utility model has the advantages of high strength and good
tightness. The utility model also has the advantages that the quality of the purified water achieves the
standard of the drinking mineral water ruled by the country; the utility model can provide people who
drinks water with traces of iodine needed by people; the generation of algae can be prevented from;
the utility model is favorable for health; the service life can be prolonged; use cost can be obvious
lowered. The utility model is an ideal water purifier for companies and familie

The utility model relates to a housing of a pure water maker. One longitudinal opening is arranged on 1
the front lateral face of a housing, one longitudinal baffle plate is arranged on the rear side of the
opening, one notch is arranged on the area lateral face of the housing, and thus, one water storage
cylinder can be arranged in the longitudinal opening, and the rear side of the water storage cylinder is
enabled to come in contact with the longitudinal baffle plate to position, and one top cover is used for
covering a hollow part arranged on the top face of the longitudinal opening; one reverse osmosis
membrane tube and three filter pipes are respectively fixed on the rear lateral face of the longitudinal
baffle plate facing the housing through four positioning clamps; one high-pressure pump and one
transformer can be respectively arranged under the reverse osmosis membrane tube and under the
filter pip

The utility model designs a high efficiency sterilization purified water filter, which causes water in a
high level water tank to purify by adsorption, filtration, and sterilization before drinking. The utility
model is characterized in that an adsorption band, a filter band, and a sterilization chamber which is
composed of ultraviolet lamps are orderly arranged in the filter; the upper end of the filter is provided
with a water outlet, and the lower end is equipped with a water inlet. The utility model has the
advantages of long service life, convenient disassembly and washing of filter material, small size, light
weight, energy consumption saving (15V), convenient installation, et

The utility model relates to a dualpurpose water purifier in a wall and on a table. The utility model is 1
composed of a fine filtering cylinder, a rough filtering cylinder, etc., wherein, flow dividing valves are
connected with the joint of the water inlet pipe of the water purifier and the joint of the water outlet
pipe of the water purifier; a triple spacer plate which is used for enlarging filtering flow travel is
arranged in the rough filtering cylinder; the lateral wall of the fine filtering cylinder is connected with a
reflux pipe, and the lower water outlet pipe of the fine filtering cylinder is provided with a three-way
water outlet valve; the lateral wall of a box body is provided with a cup chamber. The utility model has
the advantages of being hung in the wall and being arranged on the table, preventing bacterial
reproduction, and preventing a film hole from being blocked, has the advantages of long flow travel for
rough filtering, obvious adsorbing effect, convenient use, and has the advantage that the surface of a
filtering film in the fine filtering cylinder is flushed under the same pressure, et
The utility model belongs to a water treating device used for the decontamination cycle of domestic 1
wastewater. The utility model mainly provides the water treating device which can purify the
wastewater used by families so that water can be circularly used. The utility model is mainly
characterized in that the utility model comprises a washing pool whose bottom is provided with a filter
screen, a reverse osmosis second-stage filter and a purified water container which are arranged
above the washing pool, a sewage box which is arranged below the washing pool, an ozone
generating device, an ultraviolet strip lamp and a water pump, wherein, the purified water container
and the sewage box are both provided with water level limitators, and a water level control circuit for
automatic water supply is also arranged. The utility model has the characteristics that wastewater is
automatically purified into clean water for circular use, tap water is changed into ultra-pure water,
water is stored, et

The utility model belongs to a water drinking device which is composed of an upper box, a box body, a
first filtering and purifying device, a plurality of filtering barrels, a heating barrel, a water storing barrel,
an ultraviolet sterilizer and an opening and closing switch, wherein, activated carbon filtering materials
are arranged in a transition barrel, and a heating bundle guiding annular sheet is appressed with the
outside of the heating barrel; a stainless steel thin mesh sheet is arranged in the heating barrel. Raw
water is filtered and purified for multiple times through a hollow filtering element rod, the filtering
barrels, the stainless steel thin mesh sheet, the ultraviolet sterilizer, etc. which are arranged in the first
filtering and purifying device, and water quality is ensured to be pure. In addition, the utility model
which is provided with the opening and closing switch which controls water temperature is a water
drinking device which can provide purified water and can be conveniently and safely use

The utility model discloses a water filtering and purifying machine. The utility model is composed of a
heat insulating upper cover, a box body, a box seat, a built-in prepositive filtering barrel, a filtering
barrel, a heating barrel, a water storing barrel, and an ultraviolet sterilization barrel, wherein, the
barrels above are connected in series through connecting pipes, and a water supplying flow passage
is formed; a normally closed switch is arranged on the heating barrel, and a heating bundle
conducting annular sheet is tightly appressed with the outside of the heating barrel; a plurality of sets
of fine mesh rolls and postponing spacer sheets are arranged in the heating barrel, and the fine mesh
rolls is made of stainless steel, and the fine mesh rolls and the postponing spacer sheets are collected
through a core bar, a front cover sheet, and a back cover sheet and are positioned by screw caps to a
string shape. The utility model has the advantages of high degree of purification for raw water and
convenient us

The utility model relates to a filtering apparatus for drinking water, which is composed of a top cover, a 1
casing body which has the cylindrical upper part and the conical lower part and a filtering element.
The utility model uses diatomite as a filtering agent which is applied on the filtering element to form a
filter membrane, so as to remove suspended substances, colloid and microparticles in the water. After
the water is filtered, the water turbidity can achieve zero degree, and therefore, the utility model can
achieve very high transparency. The utility model has the advantages of simple equipment,
convenient operation, installation and maintenance, and low cost of preparing the wate

The utility model relates to a water purifying and sterilizing device. The utility model adopts a device
which causes ozone generation, radiation, and sterilization to combine as a whole, and processing
water is used as cooling water which cools discharge tubes down. Water and air mixture and ozone
which is sucked by the negative pressure of a nozzle enter a water and air mixture box, a plurality of
stratification spacer plates are arranged in the box body, and are mutually staggered, and each
stratification spacer plate is provided with small holes so as to form a water curtain. The ozone is
mixed fully, and the utility model reaches the sterilization purpose. The utility model adopts water
driving switches, and realizes the automatic control. The utility model has the advantages of simple
structure, compactness, reasonableness, good sterilization effect, high automatization degree, less
energy consumption, and low cost. Besides, the utility model generates the ozone and completes
radiation and sterilization simultaneousl
The utility model relates to a household water purifier. The utility model is composed of a purifier base 1
and a replaceable filtering core, wherein, four layers of filtering structure (a first stage filter screen,
granular activated carbon, hollow thread film and a second stage filter screen) in the filtering core
make a clean sweep of impurities, farraginous bacteria and peculiar smell in water. The utility model is
dual-purpose, as raw water and purified water can be directly discharged; the utility model has the
advantages of compact structure and strong ability in purifying water; the utility model belongs to
necessaries of a famil

The utility model provides a photo-catalytic type water treatment device, which relates to a device
used for the detoxification, purification, and sterilization of drinking water. The utility model is provided
with a photo-catalytic bed and an ultraviolet light source which irradiates ultraviolet light to the photo-
catalytic bed. Water to be treated flows through the photo-catalytic bed, the organic matter of water is
irradiated by the ultraviolet light. Photocatalyst in water creates the OH free radicals of reinforced
oxidizing agent. Organic compounds which are harmful to a human body in water can be effectively
degraded, oxygen can be introduced, and ozone can be created by additive oxygen under the action
of the ultraviolet light. The utility model has effect of sterilization and the purification, the sterilization,
and the detoxification of water can be realize

The utility model discloses a water filling type sterilizing and purifying filter element, belonging to a 1
sterilizing and purifying implement for drinking water. Spacer plates with a through hole are separately
arranged in a first level purifying pipe for the utility model, and filter materials, sterilizing materials,
adsorbing materials, and purifying materials are separately filled. The lower part of the first level
purifying pipe is screwed with a second level purifying medicine box, and the first level purifying pipe
and the second level purifying medicine box are communicated through a pipe tube on the lateral wall
of the second level purifying medicine box. The filter materials are filled in the second level purifying
medicine box and the spacer plates with a through hole on the top of the second level purifying
medicine box. The rubber joint of the spout of the purifying pipe can be directly sheathed with a
throttling valve for tap water, and sterilized and filter clean water is stored in a cup or a kettle for
drinking. The utility model which has the advantages of small size, light weight, and convenient
application is suitable for being used for a pupil, a middle school student, and an outdoor work
personnel. The utility model adapts iodine as the sterilizing agent for replenishing microelements
needed by a human bod

The utility model discloses a a water tap with an ultra filtering device. The utility model which has the 1
function of automatic flushing can directly obtain purified water. The utility model is composed of a
water tap body, a purified water stop valve, a flushing water stop valve, an ultrafilter, a water inlet, a
purified water outlet, and a flushing water outlet. The utility model has the advantages of convenient
installation and operation, good water quality, automatic flushing for hollow-fibre membranes, and
long service lif

The utility model relates to a domestic multifunction water accumulating purifying tank which is
composed of a water tank body (1), a water feeding filter (3), a position limiting floating ball valve (4),
corresponding pipelines and gate valves. The water is fed into the water tank body by a high water
level water inlet pipe, and is accumulated in the water tank body, which not only relieves the problem
that the water level is extremely low during the peak time of using the water in the city, but also
renewedly purifies the water which originally conforms to the standard of the water quality of the
drinking water and is contaminated again after three levels of treatment of sedimentation, filtering,
flushing, dirt discharge, sterilization of the ultraviolet lamp and double filter core composite purification
according to the requirement. The drinking water which conforms to the drinking water standard and
the water which can be directly drunk can be respectively acquired from different water outlet pipeline

The utility model relates to a novel submerged filter arranged inside an aquarium for filtering and
purifying water. The novel submerged filter is provided with a water inlet chamber, a water filtering
chamber and a purified water storing chamber which are independent to each other. The water inlet
chamber is provided with an upper and a lower rows of water inlet holes; water flows into the purified
water storing chamber from a flow channel at a base layer after filtered by the water filtering chamber,
and then is pumped out of the box of the novel submerged filter by a submerged pump; an ultraviolet
ray sterilizing device and a heater are arranged in the purified water storing chamber for sterilizing
and heating the flowing filtered water. The utility model has various processing functions to water and
has better filtering and purifying effec
The utility model relates to a super high efficiency water purifier. The utility model comprises a base, a
large reaction can, a medium reaction can, a small reaction can, and a circulating pipeline, wherein,
the large reaction can, the medium reaction can, and the small reaction can are assembled on the
base; a screw water pipe and an ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the medium reaction can whose
top is provided with a water spraying device, and a water inlet on the bottom of the medium reaction
can which is provided with a water supplying faucet is connected with a spray head on the top of the
medium reaction can through a built-in water pipe; filter media is filled in the medium reaction can,
and a water inlet on the top of the large reaction can is provided with a spray head, and filter bulbs
and filter sand are filled in the large reaction can; the water outlet of the large reaction can is
connected with the water inlet of the medium reaction can through the small reaction can in which an
ultraviolet lamp is arranged. The utility model which has a multistage purifying structure can further
improve the purification of quality of water and sterilizing effect, and purified water whose mouth feel
is good can be directly drunk; in addition, the purified water has the function of health care on a
human bod

The utility model discloses a water storage type household water purifier. The utility model is 1
characterized in that a ceramic filtering device (2), an ion filtering device (3) and a water storing tank
(4) are arranged in a box body (1) and are orderly combined in series, and an ultraviolet lamp (25) is
arranged in the water storing tank (4). The utility model can not only filter plankton and heavy metal
ions in tap water, but also sterilize for wate

The utility model relates to an upper filter with an ultraviolet sterilizing device for an aquarium, which
comprises an outer box body in the shape of a water box. The upper part of the box body is provided
with a water filtering tank which is surrounded by a water stop sheet and a porous water-leaking
soleplate, and the lower part of the box body is provided with an ultraviolet sterilizing tank, wherein,
the ultraviolet sterilizing tank is provided with a quartz glass tube which is provided with an ultraviolet
tube, and the side edge of the ultraviolet sterilizing tank is provided with a purified water storing tank,
a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; the purified water storing tank is communicated with the
ultraviolet sterilizing tank. The utility model combines a filter and an ultraviolet sterilizing device
together to form an integrated filtering and sterilizing device with better sterilizing effect on the water
of an aquariu

The utility model relates to an improved hollow fibre ultra filtering membrane assembly. The utility 1
model is characterized in that a plurality of single miniature membrane assemblies are integrated into
a large-scale hollow fiber membrane assembly by connection on the basis of the traditional
membrane assembly, and the size of the integrated hollow fiber membrane assembly is reduced, and
the membrane area is relatively increased. The utility model which is applied to water treating
equipment can make the equipment become miniaturization. The utility model has the advantages
that the water treating efficiency can be enhanced, and the fabricating cost of equipment can be
lowere

The utility model relates to a reverse osmosis sea water desalting machine. A sea water inlet pipe, a 1
filter, a high pressure pump, a film element and a fresh water outlet pipe are connected in sequence,
and the film element is also connected with a salt sea water outlet pipe to form a sea water desalting
pipeline; the high pressure pump and the fresh water outlet pipe are communicated by a water pipe
bypass with a cleaning box to form a cleaning pipeline; both ends of the water pipe bypass are
separately provided with valves; a low pressure gauge, a flow meter and a high pressure gauge are
arranged at the fresh water outlet pipe and the sea water outlet pipe respectively in front of the high
pressure pump. The utility model can solve the problems of complicated structure and operation of
existing products and can once desalt sea water of which salt content is about 35000 mg/1 into
drinking water meeting the national standar

The utility model relates to a vertical type bottled purified water drinking machine with a sterilizing
cabinet. The utility model is composed of an upper and a lower parts, wherein, the upper part [17] has
the function of the water drinking machine; the lower part is assembled into the sterilizing cabinet by
an inner liner [2], an ozone or ultraviolet light generator [1], a grating plate [3], a water receiving plate
[4], a door [5], etc., and the upper and the lower parts are combined as a whole by a frame [16]. The
utility model has the functions of the water drinking machine and the sterilizing cabinet. The utility
model has the advantages of compact structure, sanitation, reliability, and convenient operation. The
utility model is an ideal bottled water drinking appliance for wide families, offices, restaurants, et
The utility model relates to a water drinking machine. A pipeline for connecting a prefilter and an 1
ultrafilter is provided with a flavor absorber which is filled with activated carbon or carbon fiber, and an
electric control plate is provided with a timing flushing control circuit. A water injecting control circuit,
an alternating current power supply, a direct current power supply, sewage draining electromagnetic
valves Df2, Df3 of the prefilter and the ultrafilter are respectively connected in series with a silicon
controlled loop of the timing flushing control circuit. An upper electrode and a lower electrode of a hot
water tank and a grounding electrode are respectively connected with input ends A, B, C of the water
injecting control circuit, and a water injecting electromagnetic valve is connected in series in the
silicon controlled loop of the circuit. The hot water tank and a water outlet pipe of the ultrafilter are
respectively provided with an infrared inducing water tap. The utility model has favorable effect of
removing the abnormal flavor smell in the water, and the hot water tank can automatically inject the
water, adjust the time of flushing a filtering core according to the condition of the water quality and
wash the filtering core step by step. Thus, the utility model can cancel screwing water taps by hands
so as to avoid cross infectio

The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis pure water machine with a back flushing type front 1
precision security filtering system. The utility model comprises an ultraprecise filter, a booster pump,
an automatic control system, a reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a pressure water storage pot,
an ultimate filter and a water hot chamber three-temperature drinking machine. A back flushing type
front precision security filtering system is independently arranged in front of the ultraprecise filter, and
is composed of a set of front back flushing filter cylinders in series connection and five-way ball
valves. The utility model has three different operating states of water purifying, residual water
discharging and back flushing. The filtering materials in the front back flushing filter cylinders all adopt
the special water filtering media which have long service life and stable performance and are
reproducible after back flushin

The utility model relates to a water drinking machine, comprising a casing, a water inlet, a water
outlet, and a water delivery pipe, wherein, the water delivery pipe is provided with a valve, a water
processor, and a water tank, the inner part of the water tank is provided with a float and an ultraviolet
sterilizing lamp, the actions of the float control that the valve is opened or closed. The utility model has
the water drinking function and also has the water purifying function, and meanwhile, the utility model
can eliminate the secondary pollution that the water is placed on the water drinking machin

The utility model relates to a space type water purification container, which is composed of a container 1
cover, a container body, a filter, an ultraviolet disinfection device, etc. The filter is inlaid in the
container body; the filter is provided with an ion-exchanger layer, a filter layer and an ore layer. After
the water is filtered by the filter, the water can be caused to be softened; the harmful substances such
as bacteria, viruses, organics, etc. in the water are filtered and purified, and the pure water including
micro minerals can be obtained; the pure water is further sterilized and disinfected under the action of
the ultraviolet disinfection device, and purer, and more nutrient and sanitary drinking water can be
obtained, which is beneficial to the human body healt

The utility model relates to a rare earth magnetizing ionic-water machine, which is formed by the 1
sequential connection of a pre-processor filter device, a magnetizer, a mineralizing device with high
purity, an electrolytic device via water pipes. The magnetizer is composed of a pipe casing, Nd-Fe-B
magnetic steels, and an iron rod. An electric control plate is provided with a warning device. The utility
model has the advantages that the utility model combines the functions such as mineralizing, filtering,
adsorption, sterilizing, ionization, magnetization, etc. into a body, can sufficiently remove aquatic
suspended matter s, micro organisms, and poisonous and harmful substances, and effectively kill
harmful germ for continuously supplying alkaline magnetization ionized water and acidic
magnetization ionized wate
The utility model relates to a portable drinking water purifier, which is composed of a housing, a 1
microporous filtering film, a barrel-shaped mesh screen, a drinking-water mouth and a closing cap,
wherein, both ends of the barrel-shaped mesh screen are respectively inserted in the drinking-water
mouth and a hole of a lower fixing bracket, and the microporous filtering film that is rolled into a barrel
shape is sheathed outside the barrel-shaped mesh screen. The housing is sheathed outside the
microporous filtering film, and the bottom of the housing is provided with a hole. Non-return valve
chips are installed at the inner bottom of the housing, and the closing cap is covered at the drinking-
water mouth. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small volume, light
weight and good filtering effect, and is portable. The filtering materials can be easily changed, and the
utility model can be used when the outdoor activity personnel of military affairs, geology, construction,
tourism, etc. directly drink wate

The utility model belongs to the class of a water purifier. The technical proposal of the utility model is 1
provided for solving the problem that when the present water purifier is used, a filter element is
blocked. The utility model is composed of two sets of housings, filter elements, slide valves, pipelines,
and valves, wherein, when the slide valves are positioned on the center positions, and a valve III is
opened, purified water is delivered from the valve III after water passes through two filters. If a valve I
is opened, raw water flushes the water inlet lateral surfaces of the two filter elements, and positive
washing water is discharged from the valve I. If valve rods are pushed or are pulled to left positions
and right positions, the filter elements cane be inversely flushed, and reversal washing water is
discharged. The utility model has the advantages of stable performance, easy operation, and low cos

The utility model relates to a water producing and drinking machine. The utility model comprises a
container, a water break switch, a water pump, a filter, an electromagnetic valve, a bitter and brackish
water desalination device, a reversal valve, a water purifying tank, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp, a
liquid level controlling device, and a water drinking machine, wherein, water to be processed is
contained in the container; the reversal valve which is a two position four way valve comprises a
cylindrical valve seat, and a sealing gasket, a fixing sheet, a position changing sheet, a slide
improving sheet, a rubber gasket, and a pressing ring are arranged in the valve seat in sequence; two
slots are arranged on the position changing sheet, and a material flow inlet and outlet passage is
composed of the two slots, the sealing gasket, the fixing sheet, and a material flow opening of the
valve seat. The utility model has the advantages of novel conception, compact structure, integration of
freshwater production and drinking water production, and production cost savin

The utility model provides a technical proposal of a water drinking machine with a sterilizing cabinet,
which is provided with a cabinet body with sterilization function. The utility model is composed of a
casing, a water inlet, a water drinking machine, and a feed water inlet, wherein, the water inlet places
a purified water tank; the water drinking machine is provided with a refrigerating machine and a
heater; the cabinet body is arranged below the water drinking machine and in the casing; the open
end of the cabinet body is provided with a door body of a sterilizing cabinet, and the door body is used
for closing and opening the cabinet body and is provided with a transparent window; an ultraviolet
lamp is arranged at the top in the cabinet body, and the ultraviolet lamp is connected with a time

The utility model relates to a barrel-shaped ultra filtering water purifier with multilayer filter media. The 1
utility model is provided with a casing and a filtering core arranged in the casing, wherein, the casing
is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The casing is a barrel body and a barrel cover which are
sealed in the mode of screw butt joint. The filtering core is a barrel-shaped filtering body of which the
barrel mouth is communicated with the outlet of the casing. The barrel-shaped filtering body is made
of a barrel-shaped slight filtering pipe for reverse osmosis and a barrel-shaped ultra filtering hollow
film which are sheathed with each other. The barrel wall of the barrel-shaped slight filtering pipe for
reverse osmosis is designed into a folding corrugated barrel wall. The ultra filtering water purifier is
provided with a larger filtering surface and the casing is convenient to open and combine. The inner
part and the outer part of the barrel-shaped filtering body are convenient to clean. The filtering body of
which the two layers are sheathed with each other effectively removes the impurities and the bacteri

The utility model relates to a multi-stage purifying device for production water and domestic water, 1
which is mainly composed of a water inlet pipe, a water pump, a valve, a water purifying tank, a water
outlet pipe, etc., wherein, the inside of the water purifying tank comprises rough filtering and purifying
cylinder, a fine filtering and purifying cylinder, a secondary purifying cylinder, and a sterilizing and
purifying cylinder, and four treating processes of rough filtration, fine filtration, secondary fine, and
sterilization can be carried out to source water; the production water and domestic water with good
quality can be obtained thereb
The utility model relates to general water purifying equipment for an urban and a rural regions. The 1
utility model comprises a rough filtration device, a fine filtration device, and a super filtration device,
wherein, the rough filtration device is composed of a rough filtration barrel, a rough filtration core, a
liquid distributing block, and rough sand granules, the rough filtration core is arranged in the rough
filtration barrel, and the liquid distributing block is used for flushing the rough filtration core; the fine
filtration device is composed of the rough filtration barrel and the rough filtration core; the super
filtration device is an activated carbon barrel; the devices are arranged in a movable vehicle frame
and are coated with a cover. A water source which enters the rough filtration device through a water
inlet valve which is communicated with the rough filtration device is filtered in multistage through the
fine filtration device and the super filtration device, and the water source achieves the drinking water
standards prescribed in China. A brushing device is arranged in the rough filtration device of the utility
model, and water output and the service life of a purifying device are guaranteed. The water source
can be provided by tap water, a submersible pump, or a hand pump, the utility model can be used on
a place with a water source, and the place with a water source can have electricity or no

The utility model relates to a tap water purifier. A long cylinder is folded by a front cover (the front 1
cover is double as a water cup) and the back cover of the shell body. The back cover is
communicated with a water joint. The interior of the cylinder cavity is provided with a coarse filtering
cover, an activated carbon layer and an ultra-filtration membrane layer which are communicated by
micro holes. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure, high purification efficiency
of three-stage filtration, portability, convenient operation, and wide application, and is suitable for
families, schools, institutions, catering industry, public places and individua

The utility model relates to a pipeline type double micro water filtering and treating device. The utility 1
model is divided into a front water distributing chamber, a center filtering chamber, and a back water
collecting chamber, wherein, a filtering pipe with a micropore is horizontally arranged in the filtering
chamber, one end of the filtering pipe with a micropore is closed, and the other end is communicated
with the water collecting chamber through a spacer plate; a set of hollow fibers is arranged in the
filtering pipe with a micropore, and the end parts of the hollow fibers and the spout of the filtering pipe
with a micropore are fixed in a sealing state; a center hole which is only left is communicated with the
water collecting chamber. The utility model which has the functions of filtering and washing has the
advantages of filtering with double media, high filtering quality, and simple structur

The utility model relates to a composite ultrafiltration water purifier which is arranged on a running 1
water pipe. The utility model is composed of a container body, a container cover, a filter, a water inlet
pipe, and a water outlet pipe. The utility model is characterized in that a secondary filter structure and
a magnetic passage 10 are arranged in the container body; the secondary filter structure comprises a
micropore ceramic cylinder body 5 and a cylinder 6 with an ultrafiltration membrane, so the utility
model has the effects of magnetization, purification, and mineralization. The utility model has the
advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, and easy cleaning. The utility model also has
the advantages that harmful substances can be effectively filtered out; the water is clear and
transparent; the water can be directly drunk and mixed with other liquid to make various drinks. The
utility model is applied to hospitals and beverage factorie

The utility model relates to an automatic cold and hot water drinking machine for clean water. The
utility model adopts the tap water as a water source and is an integral machine through which the
clean water becomes ice cold water, warm water and hot water after cleaned and treated. The utility
model comprises a cold water barrel, a hot water barrel, a water purifying device, a compressor
circulating cooling device for electric heating, a water level controlling component for water supply,
and a temperature controlling component, wherein the water purifying device is composed of an
ultrafilter and an ultraviolet lamp, the ultrafilter is composed of a fine filtering, softening and hollow
bunch with an ultrafiltration film, and the fine filtering, softening and hollow bunch with an ultrafiltration
film is composed of a rough filtering mesh, a fine filtering mesh made of nonwoven fabric and
activated carbon. The utility model adopts an automatic positive washing structure, can better solve
secondary pollution on the rest water, can remove the dirt on the surface of a filtering film and can
prolong the service life of the filtering film. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure
and convenient us
The utility model relates to a multi-stage water-purifying device. The utility model is composed of 1
purifying unit assembly, a pressure water cistern, a water level controller for pure water, a high-
pressure pump, an electromagnetic valve, etc., and the purifying unit assembly comprises a pre-
filtering component, an ultrafiltration component, a reverse osmosis component, an ion exchange
component, etc. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation;
two-stage pure water, three-stage pure water, multi-stage pure water and water for washing bottles for
an experiment can be produced, reverse osmosis membrane and ultrafiltration membrane can be well
protected by the utility model, and the service time of the ultrafiltration membrane and the service time
of the reverse osmosis membrane can be extended; 3-501 pure water can be hourly produced by the
utility model, and the productive efficiency of the utility model is hig

The utility model discloses a Self-cleaning household water purifier which purifies the water for 1
drinking. The utility model is composed of a hollow fiber ultrafiltration core with a water inlet, a purified
water outlet, and a sewage draining exit. The utility model has the advantages that the utility model
can be cleaned automatically, and sewage can be drained by force, so that the water quality of the
purified water can be guaranteed not to be polluted, and the long-term stability of the water yield of
the water purifier can be guarangeed, the purified water can be drunk directl

The utility model relates to a pipeline type micro filtering device for water treatment with inner 1
pressure, which uses a filtering pipe with a micropore as a medium. The utility model comprises a
housing, a raw water inlet, a raw water outlet, and a clear water outlet, wherein, the housing is divided
into a front water distributing chamber, a center filtering chamber, and a back water distributing
chamber through a separating plate; the filtering pipe with a micropore is horizontally arranged in the
center filtering chamber, and the front water distributing chamber and the center filtering chamber are
communicated through the filtering pipe with a micropore. The utility model which integrates a filtering
course and a washing course has the advantages of simple structure, good treated water quality,
small occupation area, and low running cos

The utility model relates to a small totally closed reverse osmosis double-temperature water purifier 1
used for filtering and supplying drinking water, and the utility model belongs to the technical field of
water purification and filtration. The utility model is mainly characterized in that components of the
utility model, such as a filter, a water storage tank, structural members, electric control members, etc.
are arranged in a totally closed housing, the back of the utility model is only provided with one water
inlet pipe, one sewage discharge pipe, precision filters and activated carbon filters, wherein, the
precision filters are double stage connected in parallel, and the activated carbon filters are double
stage connected in series; a preprocess filter and an oxygen enrichment pure water storage tank are
adopted by the utility model, wherein, the preprocess filter can discharge sewage without opening an
upper cover, and the oxygen enrichment pure water storage tank has favorable effect in sterilization
and fresh preservation and does not generate pollution; besides, a heating barrel is arranged in the
utility model, and the heating barrel not only can provide normal temperature water but also can
provide hot pure water. The utility model is suitable for improving the sanitation of drinking water for a
family and an offic

The utility model relates to an automatic purifying wall hanging type water vat connected with a
cabinet of the modern kitchen into a whole body, which is a multifunctional, automatic and integrated
water vat with the functions of water feeding, filtering, sterilization and disinfection. The utility model is
characterized in that an ultraviolet lamp (3) is adopted to carry out sterilization and disinfection, and a
floating rod switching-off switch (5) is used for pushing the floating rod to rise or fall to automatically
turn on and turn off the ultraviolet lamp (3) according to the elevation of the water level. A washing
door (7) is also arranged, and the door can be opened to wash the water vat completely. A water
purifier (10) is adopted to filter and eliminate impurities in the water, and a contamination monitor (11)
made from transparent plastics is arranged below the water purifier (10). After the condition that the
water is not clear is discovered, a dirt discharge switch (12) can be turned on, and a floating ball valve
(6) is adopted to automatically feed the water and turn off a water inlet valve through a floating ball
after the water vat is full of wate
The utility model relates to an ultraviolet light sterilizing device for the occasions, such as water
making operation, water treatment, etc. The ultraviolet light sterilizing device is composed of main
parts such as an ultraviolet lamp (4) which has sterilizing function, a Y-shaped sealing ring (7) which
can reinforce sealing performance and enhance the sterilizing effect of the ultraviolet lamp (4), a
special quartz glass casing tube (14), etc. Thus, the utility model has strong sterilizing property,
convenient operation, and wide adoptive range, et

The utility model relates to a photocatalysis oxidation device for water purification, which belongs to
the technical field of water purifying treatment. The utility model is characterized in that a motor drives
a rotating net band on a rotating shaft and a turning plate movably connected with the rotating net
band to rotate. The turning plate is formed by the way that photocatalyst fiber in a frame is covered
and wound by a nylon net. Photocatalysis oxidation reaction can be initiated by using sunlight or an
ultraviolet as a light source. The area of the photocatalyst is bigger than that of the surface area. The
utility model has the advantages of automatic cleaning, easy recovery, no secondary pollution and
high purifying efficiency. The utility model can be used for purification of the pollutants of cleaning
agents, surfactants, pesticide, etc. in domestic sewage and industrial waste water, and can be
specially suitable for polluted water purification and drinking water purification containing low
concentration and hard decomposition organic pollutant

The utility model relates to an apparatus for producing ecotypic mineral water, which solves the defect 1
that a device is incapable of producing mineral water containing large trace element existing in the
prior art. The utility model is characterized in that requirement slightly soluble ores 8 are arranged in a
mineral dissolution tank 6 which is arranged in a housing 11 and connected with a spring, a hollow
sealing cover 5, and a hollow housing upper cover 3. Water spouts out through a spray shower nozzle
4 from a water intake pipe 1. After spouted water dissolves fraction ore at the micro vibrate of an
electric motor 10, the water is sent to filtrate, sterilize and can pack passing through a screen model
baffle plate 14 and an outlet pipe 16. The mineral dissolution tank 6 not only can be taken out for
replacing or cleaning, but also can use multi-stage combined types to produce mineral wate

The utility model belongs to a water purifier which can be used at home and in the field. The utility 1
model mainly solves the problem that the existing water purifier can not be used in the field. The utility
model is mainly characterized in that the water purifier comprises a pressurized container, a silver
leaking active carbon layer sleeve in suspension with a shell body, a hollow ultrafiltration film in the
active carbon layer sleeve, a hand pressing pump which is composed of an outer shell body, a piston,
a pushing rod, a one-way movable door couplet joint and a one-way movable door tongue piece, a
filtering head which can be connected with a tap water terminal and a purified water outlet. The utility
model can purify the unclean water in rivers and ponds into purified drinking water, and is suitable for
travels, field operation and army march The utility model also has the characteristics of high flowing
quantity and low cos

The utility model relates to a full-automatic drinking machine with purified water, comprising a water 1
purifying device and a water storing container, wherein, the water purifying device is composed of a
magnetizing filter and an electro-dialysis filter; an electromagnetic two-way valve is arranged among a
water outlet of the electro-dialysis filter and the water inlets of a storing can for the purified water and
the storing can for concentrated water; the purified water and the concentrated water are controlled by
a micro-computer timing switch to be automatically switched over to flow out to automatic clean dirt on
a permeable membrane, extending the service life of the permeable membrane; residual condensed
water can be used for wiping floors and flushing toilets, increasing the utilization rate of water. The
drinking machine can simultaneously provide pure cool and boiling drinking water with convenience
and sanitation, and the utility model is suitable for families and office place
The utility model relates to a drinking purified water supply device, which is characterized in that a
front and a rear arranged ultraviolet sterilizers, an original water tank, a water supply pump, a crude,
fine and ultrafiltration device, a clear water tank, an air supply tank, a pipeline used by an air pressure
tank, an original backwash valve, a backwash valve, an original water valve, a clear water discharge
valve, and a flush valve are connected. A lower limit water level controller of the original water tank is
connected with the lower part of the original water tank. An upper limit and the lower limit water level
controllers are respectively communicated with the upper and the lower parts of the clear water tank.
An air sterilization and filtration device is communicated with the air supply tank through an air suction
valve. An electric control box is connected with a water pump, the front and the rear arranged
ultraviolet sterilizers, etc. The drinking purified water supply device adopts a variety of modes for
sterilization and filtration, prevents water from secondary pollution, and supplies clear wate

The utility model discloses a magnetic water purifying drinking machine, and non-drinking water can
be processed by a permanent magnet magnetizer, a high molecular fine filter pipe, an ultrafiltration
function and an ultraviolet lamp. The utility model adopts principles of magnetization, reverse osmosis
separation purification, repurification and sterilization. The utility model has the advantages of long
service life, low maintenance cost and good purifying effect. Except for bacteria, the utility model not
only can eliminate harmful substances in water but also can reserve trace elements which are
required by human bodies, and the water output is great. The utility model can soften water quality,
increase water activity and increase water oxygen content, and the utility model has an antiscaling
function and a descaling function. The utility model can eliminate various foreign tastes of water, and
the mouth feel is fresh, cool and swee

The utility model relates to a water purifying device, which is composed of a box cover and a box
body, wherein, the box body is divided into a medicament pool and a reservoir; the medicament pool
is provided with a medicament low-level switch and a medicament injection catheter; the reservoir is
divided into a settling zone, a purifying zone and an ion exchanging zone. The utility model combines
the medicament pool and the reservoir into the same device in rationalization. The scientific design of
the utility model causes to realize the automatization of water inflow, water storage, water close and
disinfection by ultraviolet light as well as to complete individual processes of reaction, precipitation,
filtration and ion exchange. Particularly, the utility model can automatically cause medicament to be
mixed into water in a definite percentage, which realizes the respective supply of using water and
drinking water. Thereby, the utility model increases purifying capacity as well as reduces purifying
cost; because the utility model can be miniaturization, the utility model has the advantages of less
investment and portability, which can meet the requirements of people in countryside, people in
mountain area and flowing operating person

The utility model discloses a tap water purifier. The utility model is composed of a suspension bracket 1
board, three outer housings, a water-in hose, a water-in valve, a coarse filterling core, mineral
additive, a smell-removing detoxification charcoal, an ultrafiltration water gap, a magnet of high
magnetic force, and an ultrafiltration membrane, wherein, the three outer housings are fixedly
connected with the suspension bracket board, the water-in hose is communicated with the bottom of
the right outer housing, the water-in valve is arranged on the water-in hose, the coarse filterling core
is arranged inside the right outer housing, the mineral additive is arranged at the bottom inside the
middle outer housing, the smell-removing detoxification charcoal is arranged at the upper part inside
the middle outer housing, the ultrafiltration water gap is arranged at the top of a water-out pipe that
leads out from the top of the left outer housing, the magnet of high magnetic force is fixed on the
water-out pipe, and the ultrafiltration membrane is fixed inside the left outer housing. A coarse filterling
water outlet is arranged at the lower end of the left outer housing, namely the lower end of an
ultrafiltration membrane cavity. The purifier is not only large in water-out amount and long in service
life, but is also high in water-purifying quality, and can be used for purifying tap water in families,
hotels, schools and other public place
The utility model relates to a self-cleaning type hollow fiber ultrafilter purifier for drinking water. The 1
utility model belongs to the technical field of purification technics of drinking water, and is composed of
a casing, a filter element, a three-way stop valve, a raw water inlet, an outlet for drinking water and
cleaning water, etc., wherein, the filter element is a hollow-fiber membrane piece. When raw water (or
running water) passes through a hollow-fiber inner cavity under definite pressure, a part of the water
penetrates through the hollow-fiber membrane wall and gets purified, the other part of the water flows
out from the other end of the hollow fiber cavity, and carries away the impurities such as fine particles,
bacteria, colloids, etc. that are trapped on the wall to keep the surface of the fiber membrane clean;
thereby, user doesn't need to clean or replace the filter element, and the utility model is reasonable in
procedure, convenient in operation; the purified water of the utility model can be drunk directl

The utility model relates to an automatic cleaning double-column ultra filtering drinking water purifier, 1
which belongs to the water purifying devices. The utility model is mainly composed of active carbons,
a cylindrical shell, an ultrafiltration membrane, a connecting pipe and a box body. The utility model is
characterized in that a two-stage cylindrical shell is arranged inside the box body, the lower end of the
cylindrical shell is connected with a lower end cover, and the upper end of the cylindrical shell is
fixedly connected with an upper end cover; a raw water pipe, an ultrafiltration membrane and a central
pipe are arranged inside the upper end cover, and the active carbons and the ultrafiltration membrane
are arranged inside the cylindrical shell from top to bottom. The utility model is provided with a two-
stage ultrafiltration purifying column, can automatically filter bacteria, removes rust, prevents scales,
makes water clear and transparent, can cause scouring water and drinking water to respectively
come out for use, and is an ideal purifying device of high efficiency for tap wate

The utility model relates to a terminal minitype micro-filtering water treatment water purifier, which 1
comprises an outer shell, micro-hole filtering pipes, a raw water inlet pipe, a raw water outlet pipe, a
pure water outlet pipe, and valves on each water inlet pipe and each water outlet pipe. The interior of
the outer shell is divided into two cavity chambers by a baffle plate. At least one micro-hole filtering
pipe is arranged in the two cavity chambers. Two structures of an inner pressure type and an outer
pressure type are formed by the different connection of the raw water inlet pipe, the raw water outlet
pipe, and the pure water outlet pipe, and one pipe is adopted to realize forced back flushing
operation. The terminal minitype micro-filtering water treatment water purifier has simple structure and
long service life. The filtering and the flushing processes of the terminal minitype micro-filtering water
treatment water purifier are simultaneously carried out. The terminal minitype micro-filtering water
treatment water purifier has the force back flushing function and good filtering water qualit

The utility model belongs to an ultraviolet sterilizer which is used for sterilizing liquid and particularly
for sterilizing water in water tanks in high-rise buildings. The utility model has the technical
characteristics that a sterilizer with a water outlet pipe on the upper part is installed on one side of a
water outlet pipe of an original water tank; the water outlet pipes of the original water tank and the
sterilizer are nested together; a water inlet pipe of the sterilizer is arranged on the lower part of the
other side; a box body between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is divided into three
lattices; ultraviolet lamp tubes suspended on a cover plate of the box body are arranged in each of the
lattices; a magnetic force stroke switch fixed by a supporting frame is arranged in the water inlet pipe;
a magnetic loop through which the magnetic force stroke switch penetrates is bonded on an organic
glass sheet and then is suspended in the water inlet pipe. The ultraviolet sterilizer has the advantages
that the ultraviolet lamp tubes are automatically turned on and off to carry out sterilization according to
that if water is used by users, and dead areas of original water tanks are eliminated without changing
the original water tank

The utility model relates to a foul water treating filtering recovering apparatus. A filter layer is 1
positioned on the lower part of a tank, a water inlet is positioned on the upper part of the tank, water
outlet pipes are positioned on the lower part of the filter layer of the tank, and the filter layer has a
multilayer structure and is orderly formed by a coarse strainer layer, a fine sand layer, a fine strainer, a
fine sand layer, a gravel layer and water filtering pipes with micro holes from top to bottom. The pipe
walls of the water outlet pipes are provided with clear water inlets, the water filtering pipes with micro
holes and the water outlet pipes are laid in plane surface, the open ends of the water filtering pipes
with micro holes are extended into water outlet pipes form the clear water inlets, when sewage flows
across the filter layer, clear water can be discharged from the water outlet pipes. The utility model has
the advantages of simple structure, small ground occupation, low cost, high filterability of unit
occupation area and good filtration effec
The utility model relates to a seawater and bitter-salt water desalinating machine, which comprises a
reverse osmosis membrane piece 1, a fine filter 2, an electric control system 3, an ultraviolet
sterilizing device, a water source tank 5, a fresh water tank 6, a water collector 7, a low-pressure
water pump 8, a high-pressure water pump 9, a normal water flowing pipeline 10, a flushing pipeline
11 and a back flow pipeline 12. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, a little
occupation area, low energy consumption, easy operation, safe running and high water yield and is
suitable for families and steamship

The utility model relates to a portable ultra filtering water purifier with a hollow externally-pressed 1
membrane. The utility model comprises a filter cartridge, a filter element, a connecting water pipe and
a water outlet pipe, wherein, the filter element is a hollow fiber ultra filtering externally-pressed
membrane and activated carbon, and the bottom of the filter cartridge is provided with a flushing
valve; the connecting water pipe is connected with a water absorbing gearing device that is provided
with a water absorbing cartridge, wherein, one end of the water absorbing cartridge is connected with
a raw water inlet pipe and the connecting water pipe, and the other end is provided with a piston rod
inside; the piston rod and the water absorbing cartridge are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring and a
gland, and the piston rod is hinged with the middle part of a connecting rod. The water purifier is
portable, can be used outdoors and in emergency sites, and can filter any river, lake, pond and well
water into drinking water of high qualit

The utility model provides a multifunctional water purifier, which comprises an inner core and an outer 1
shell which is covered outside the inner core, wherein, the outer shell is provided with a water inlet
and a water outlet. The utility model is characterized in that the lower part of the inner core is a
cylinder, and a filtering and purifying layer is filled in the cylinder; the upper part of the cylinder is an
ultra-fine fibre filtering cylinder; the filtering and purifying layer comprises an ultra-fine fiber filtering
cloth layer, an iodine resin layer, active carbon particulates, a health layer and a magnetized layer;
protective net layers are arranged at the upper and the lower parts of the filtering and purifying layer.
The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and small volume, and the utility model
provide a water purifying device which collects purifying, magnetizing, mineralizing, sterilizing,
disinfecting and health care into a whol

The utility model relates to a small CLS water drinking device. The inner side of a casing is provided 1
with an ozone generator, an ultrafilter, a secondary coarse filter, a pressurizing pump, and a water
outlet pipe. The outer side of the casing is also provided with a first coarse filter and a water inlet pipe.
The pressurizing pump is connected between the water outlet pipe of the first coarse filter and the
water inlet pipe of the secondary coarse filter. The water outlet end of the secondary coarse filter is
connected and communicated with the water inlet end of the ultrafilter by a water pipe. Ozone which is
generated by the ozone generator is outputted by an ozone air pipe, the ozone and ultra filtering
water which flows out from the ultrafilter simultaneously enter a tee of the water outlet pipe to be
mixed in a gas and water way, and at last, clean water which is drunk by people is outputted from the
water outlet pipe. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, small
size, flexibility, good performance, and wide purpos

The utility model belongs to the field of water treatment and solves the problem that the purified water 1
produced by the existing device for producing the purified water doesn't contain beneficial mineral
matter for a human body. The utility model is composed of a coarse filter, an active carbon adsorber, a
high-pressure pump, a precise filter, a membrane filter and a disinfector in sequence. All the
components of each level are connected by water pipes and arranged in an outer casing, and the
disinfector in the components comprises an ultraviolet disinfector. The membrane filter is provided
with a waste water opening, and the waste water can be discharged by a stream limiting valve after
the waste water passes through the waste water opening; the membrane filter is a filter with nano
filtration. The utility model is used for manufacturing the purified water containing part of necessary
mineral ions for the human bod
The utility model discloses a germ-free drinker, which has a shell body, wherein, a water heater and
water pipes are arranged in the shell body; the outer shell is provided with a cold-water and hot-water
valves; the upper part of the shell body is provided with a connecting disc. The utility model is
characterized in that the periphery of the water heater is provided with a cavity body; the lower end of
the cavity body is connected with an air inlet valve, and the upper end is connected with a high-
temperature sterilizer and an ozone sterilizer in series through air outlet pipes; the inner wall of the
shell body is provided with an ultra-violet sterilizing lamp. The utility model makes air entering a barrel
body disinfected and sterilized for many times, and has the advantages that secondary pollution to
purified water caused by unclean air which directly enters water in a barrel and the drinker is avoided;
the quality of drinking water is ensure

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet water purifying instrument which comprises a barrel body,
wherein, an ultraviolet lamp is longitudinally arranged in the barrel body, the barrel body is a sealed
hollow cylindrical body, and both ends of the barrel body are provided with a water inlet and a water
outlet. Teh ultraviolet lamp is sealed in a quartz tube, both ends of the quartz tube extend out of both
sides of the barrel body and are connected with an electric appliance control unit, and a sealing
device is arranged between the quartz tube and the barrel body. The utility model can ensure that
yielding water in a water tank enters flowing pipelines of residents after sterilization, and drinking
water in high buildings is guaranteed to be clean and sanitary. In addition, the washing time of the
water tank is derceased, and the using cost and the maintenance cost of the water tank are reduce

The utility model relates to a temperature controlled water purifying machine, which is a water
purifying machine suitable for being directly drunk by students of a school, staffs of teaching, industrial
and mining establishments, organs, public institutions, and public places, and controls the
temperature of purified water automatically. The utility model comprises a machine crate which is
composed of a machine frame, a panel, and a control box of an electric appliance, which is
characterized in that which is provided with an ultrafilter, an alloy filter, an activated charcoal filter, an
ultraviolet radiation sterilizer, and an absolute filter. The ultrafilter which a filtering core is installed in is
provided with ultrafilters of 1 to 2 step; alloy granules are installed in the alloy filter; the activated
charcoal filter is arranged at the last grade of the ultrafilter or the last grade of the alloy filter; the
activated charcoal filter is connected with the ultraviolet radiation sterilizer, and the ultraviolet radiation
sterilizer is connected with the absolute filte

The utility model relates to a water-storage water purifier, which is composed of a front-positioned 1
ultra-filter, a purifying cylinder, a water outlet pump and a back-positioned ultra-filter which are
adopted in the utility model, wherein, the front-positioned ultra-filter is connected with the purifying
cylinder through a pipeline; the purifying cylinder is connected with the water outlet pump through a
pipeline, and then is connected with the back-positioned ultra-filter; the purifying cylinder is loaded
with purifying agent. While in use, a water inlet switch is opened, the water which is filtered through
the front-positioned ultra-filter is filled in the purifying cylinder, and four or five hours later after the
purifying cylinder is filled with water, the water is pumped out through the water outlet pump, and then,
the water through the filtering of the back-positioned ultra-filter can be drank. The utility model has the
advantages that pollutant in tap water can be effectively filtered to be removed, and trace minerals in
the water which are beneficial for human body are preserve

The utility model relates to a coaxial multi-core layer high density compaction filtering hybridized 1
compound core which comprises a faucet pipe. The outer side of the faucet pipe is provided with an
outer pre-filtering fibrous layer, and the inner side of the faucet pipe is provided with a fiber pipe liner.
The compound filtering core is integrally combined with a shaft, and is easy to assemble and change.
Simultaneously, the utility model has small size and high efficiency, a path of micro one nanometer
stage can be formed, and the filtering accuracy is high. Under the driving of directional pressure
difference, the permeation quantity is good, the filtering liquid is clear and transparent, and the cost is
low. The coaxial multi-core layer high density compaction filtering hybridized compound core can be
used in filtering separation industries, such as food, beverage, purified water, medicine, et

The utility model relates to a whole-range sterilizing structure of an ultraviolet water purifier, which is
mainly a waterer provided with an ultraviolet lamp tube to sterilize raw water. The utility model at least
comprises a water drinking machine table and a sterilizing chamber in which the ultraviolet lamp tube
is arranged. The utility model is characterized in that a water inlet valve is arranged at the water inlet
end of the water flow stroke of the sterilizing chamber, and a water outlet pipe is arranged at the tail
end of the water flow stroke of the sterilizing chamber. The sterilizing chamber is arranged in a path
through which water needs to flow in and out, so that all outlet water can firstly flow along the outer
margin of the ultraviolet lamp tube for a circle to ensure that the whole range of the water yielding is
processed through ultraviolet sterilizatio
The utility model relates to a water activating and purifying treatment apparatus, comprising an
activating treatment tank communicated with a water storing tower, a fiber active carbon filtering tank,
an ultraviolet treater and a motor. The utility model is characterized in that the activating treatment
tank is composed of a tank body, a plurality of sets of upright high and low partition boards, a water
level controlling float ball and a plurality of bottom boards horizontally arranged on the bottom of the
tank body, the inner part of which is partitioned into a plurality of upright spaces by a plurality of sets
of partition board in high-low interphase and parallel arrangement, granular activating bodies are
stacked between the partition boards, the bottom of the tank body of each upright space form a funnel
shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the fiber active carbon filtering tank is
communicated with the activating treatment tank and then is carried out with bactericidal treatment
through the ultraviolet treate

The utility model relates to a purifying filter element of a water purifier, which comprises six-stage 1
filtering, wherein, the first stage is primary filtering and is arranged outside a shell body and the
second stage and the sixth stage are assembled into an integrated purification filter element and are
arranged in the shell body. A filtering layer comprises an electrodialysis filtering layer, an activated
carbon and activated carbon fiber filtering layer, an electrodialysis filtering layer, a silver-carrying
activated carbon and triiodo resin filtering layer and an RO ultra-filtration membrane filtering layer in
turn. The utility model has the advantages of good filtering effect, strong adsorption ability and large
water outlet yield. By testing, purified water through the filtering of the filter element passes through
the filter element once, and the water yield of the outlet water can reach the sanitary standard for
drinking water in bottles issued by China. The utility model provides a purifying filter element of a
water purifier with an ideal filtering performance in China at presen

The utility model relates to a treating machine drinking water, which is composed of a pre-treating 1
system and a reverse osmosis system. The utility model is characterized in that the utility model is
provided with an air pump which is respectively connected with each filter cylinder of the pre-treating
system and a water outlet pipe of a reverse osmosis membrane cylinder; in the reverse osmosis
system, an electronic anti-scaling sterilizer is connected in the front of the reverse osmosis membrane
cylinder. The utility model adopts compressed air to carry out back flush on a filter element from top to
bottom, relieving the work that the filter element is disassembled and assembled to be cleaned; water
after pretreatment does not form rigid crystallization under the action of the high-frequency electric
field of the electronic anti-scaling sterilizer, and is difficult to form hard scale; under the action of an
electrostatic field, micro organisms lose existing conditions, thus the utility model plays bactericidal
action, and the fouling and blocking rate of the surface of a reverse osmosis membrane is reduce

The utility model relates to a high-frequency water purifier, which comprises a gas withdrawal section 1
and a filtering section. The utility model is characterized in that a nano micro filtering part (E) or/and
(G) is provided with a rotary positive electrode wheel (10) which is in liquid phase electrophoresis with
a negative electrode (15), waste liquid is processed and irradiated through a microwave radiation
chamber (14), and the separating and cleaning effects of the soiling solution and impurities are
notable. The utility model has low total water treatment cast, is suitable for treating millions of tons of
waste liquid, is suitable for processing drinking water, and can be popularized and applied in small-
and-medium-size paper making enterprise

The utility model relates to a water purifier, wherein, mainly, a front end face of an upper body is 1
provided with a containing groove; both sides of the edge of the inside of the containing groove are
each provided with groups of pipeline combining seats; the right side of the upper edge of the
containing groove is provided with four positioning holes; the tail ends of the upper parts of the
positioning holes are horizontally provided with a long cylinder-shaped (RO) reverse osmosis
membrane containing groove; the outer edge of a lower body is provided with a U-shaped combining
groove; a plurality of groups of semicircle water path grooves are arranged in a top end face of the
lower body; the center and the front of the right side are each provided with a firsts filter flask flowing
in hole and a first filter flask flowing out hole; the center and the front of the left side are provided with
a second filter flask flowing in hole and a second filter flask flowing out hole. Consequently, the utility
model has the advantages of simple structure, small whole volume, convenient assembly and
disassembly and low cos
The utility model relates to a running water activating device. The utility model is mainly characterized 1
in that running water entering from a water pipe enters a first processing barrel through a booster
pump, a low-voltage mercury gas discharging lamp and a flow divider and then enters a second
processing barrel after the running water is purified through a sterilizing bag, a high-density copper
screen and ultra-filtering fibers, the running water enters a third processing barrel after the running
water is filtered and magnetized through active carbon granules, and then respectively enters a fourth
processing barrel and a fifth processing barrel after the running water is added with nutrition and is
purified through traditional Chinese medicine without side effect, water entering the fourth processing
barrel can be drank after the water is refrigerated and sterilized through the fourth processing barrel,
and the water entering the fifth processing barrel can be drank after the water is electrically heated
and then is sterilized. The running water passing through the running water activating device is
carried out with sludge elimination through being filtered and sterilized, and meanwhile, the running
water can also be magnetized and be added with trace elements, and then the water is activated so
as to ensure the health of human bod

The utility model relates to a fully automatic cabinet type purified water selling machine. The utility
model which comprises the body of a cabinet body, a cabinet door, and a control panel is
characterized in that a purified water processing system is arranged in the body of a cabinet body,
and a water taking window on which a container can be positioned is arranged in the cabinet door; an
electric control system is positioned in the body of the cabinet body; the purified water processing
system comprises a water quality preprocessing component, a reverse osmosis component, a purified
water tank, a water selling component, and a bar-shaped activated carbon filter, and the bar-shaped
activated carbon filter which can guarantee the taste of purified water and the sanitary standards of
the purified water is arranged among the water selling component, a purified water pump, and an
ultraviolet lamp. Therefore, the taste of drinking water is improved, and the drinking water becomes
sweeter and more delicious. The utility model through which preparing water and selling the water are
integrated has the advantage of convenient and reliable us

The utility model relates to a physical filter disinfecting and sterilizing water purifier which comprises a 1
tap water pipe. In the utility model, a magnetizing coarse filter is connected with a fine filter, the fine
filter is connected with a precision filter, the precision filter is connected with an ultra filter, the ultra
filter is connected with an ultraviolet irradiator, and a purified water outlet is arranged on the ultraviolet
irradiator. The utility model with multi-stage filtration has the advantages of low power consumption
and simple operation and can be used for purifying drinking water sources in specific environments,
such as schools, hospitals, etc. The utility model is an ideal water purifying devic

The utility model relates to high turbidity water treatment equipment which is formed by serially
connecting a water pump, a clarifying tank, a reaction tank, a rosin softening apparatus, an activated
charcoal absorption apparatus, a filtering apparatus, a first stage clean water storage tank, a Ro film
processing unit, a second stage clean water storage tank, a third stage clean water storage tank, an
ozone sterilizing and disinfecting apparatus, an ultraviolet disinfector and a refined filtration apparatus
in sequence by a pipeline. The utility model is mainly used for processing the water with high turbidity,
the processing effect to the water with low turbidity is better, and the utility model is suitable for
processing the water with poor water quality and high turbidity in the countryside, the water in
industrial and mining establishments far away from the water supply regions and the water with high
turbidity after the floo

The utility model relates to a domestic water softener which is composed of a base 1, a casing 2, a
softening chamber 3, a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 5. The utility model is characterized in that a
cation type exchange resin fluid bed 6 is arranged in the softening chamber; fluid space 7 is arranged
above the fluid bed; the lower end of the fluid bed is provided with a sieve plate 8, the lower part of
which is provided with a water inlet chamber 9; the center of the softening chamber is provided with a
guiding pipe 10 for soft water; the upper end of the guiding pipe is provided with a net 11; an
ultraviolet lamp 12 can be inserted in the guiding pipe. The utility model adopts the technology of the
fluid bed, the productive efficiency for the soft water is high and the operation for treating the soft
water and regeneration is convenient and simple. Compared with the similar product, the efficiency for
softening water and the effect on disinfection are better. The producing technology is simple, and the
cost is lo
The utility model provides a health purified water processor. The health purified water processor 1
removes harmful components in water such as particles, colloid, bacteria, virus, major of calcium
magnesium ions, etc.; meanwhile, beneficial components such as inorganic ions, etc., are reserved.
The health purified water processor is provided with a machine body. An activated carbon adsorption
unit, a micro-filtration unit, and an accepting filtering unit are orderly arranged from a water inlet to a
water outlet in the machine body. Activated carbon is adsorbed and filtered by a health purified water
processing method and the health purified water processor of the utility model. Micro-filtration,
accepting filtration, ultraviolet sterilization disinfection, and activation are integrated, and the sufficient
and complete processing of raw water (tap water) is carried ou

The utility model relates to a filtering and purifying device for drinking water, which is composed of a
microporous filter, carbon filters, a water storage tank, a water purifying tank, an electromagnetic
valve, a water pump, a water drinking spout, an ultraviolet lamp, an automatic control system and a
plurality of pipelines. The utility model is characterized in that the microporous filter is connected
orderly with carbon filters which are connected in series; carbon filters are connected with the water
storage tank which is connected with the microporous filter via the pipelines, the water pump and the
electromagnetic valve; the microporous filter is connected with ultrafilters with hollow fiber which are
provided with a hollow fiber group via the pipelines; the paralleled ultrafilters are connected with the
water storage tank and the water purifying tank via pipelines. The utility model has the advantages
that clean drinking water can be arranged directly at any time; the water supply source of the utility
model is wide; the cost of the drinking water is low; the utility model can be used in a place with a
large amount of people; no secondary pollution can be generated; through multiform filtration and
disinfection for many times, organic matter, residual pesticide, harmful heavy metal matter, various
harmful bacteria, virus and abnormal flavor can be removed from water, so the drinking water is safe,
sanitary and bris

The utility model relates to an automatic pollutant discharging super filter water purifier, which is 1
installed on a pipeline for tap water. The utility model is characterized in that the water purifier forms
an integral type double-cylinder structure which comprises a pollution discharging water purifying
cylinder body and a water softening cylinder body, wherein, a screen mesh, ceramic sands, a
microporous ceramic cap and a pollution discharging water tap are arranged in the pollution
discharging water purifying cylinder body; ion exchange medium and a magnetic passageway are
arranged in the water softening cylinder body. The automatic pollutant discharging super filter water
purifier has the advantages that the utility model has no need to be dismantled and cleaned during the
using process; the pressure of the tap water makes the ceramic sands generate impact friction which
can make the inner part of the cylinder bodies get cleaned and pollutant water automatically
discharged; due to the adoption of filtering of the microporous ceramic cap, substances such as
suspended matters, microbes, colibacillus, etc. can be effectively eliminated; the purified water can be
directly dran

The utility model relates to a composite ultra-filtering water purifier, which is composed of a shell body, 1
a filtering purifier, a water controlled valve and an output tube for purified water. The utility model is
characterized in that the shell body is connected with the water controlled valve in screw; the filtering
purifier is a double-layer filter, the outer part of the filtering purifier is provided with a microporous
ceramic filtering core, and a purifying inner core full of deep purifying material is placed in the filtering
purifier; an upper end opening and a lower end opening of the purifying inner core are provided with
stainless steel screens; the water control valve is a cross-shaped multiple-way valve. The composite
ultra filtering water purifier can be directly used on a water supply pipeline for household running
water, and can provide purified water and washing water at the same tim

The utility model relates to an induction timing sterilizing drinking water machine, which is formed by
that a clever seat, a clever column, a one-way valve, an infrared inductor, an indicator light, a water
tap, a control circuit board, a heating container, an ice water tank, an air inlet pipe, a filter membrane,
and an ultraviolet sterilizer are connected (or communicated) through connecting pipes and
conducting wires. After changing the inner structure of the existing drinking water machine, the
disperse gas inlet mode water gas exchange of the existing drinking water machine is changed into a
special gas inlet passage with the filter membrane. When drinking water, a person is away within
three meters from the drinking water machine, and the ultraviolet sterilizer is started by the inductor to
work to sterilize the water and the air. The utility model can cause purified water without germ and
pollution in the drinking water machine, and the person can truly and safely drink safe water. The
utility model has the advantages of short sterilizing time, good effect, and zero ger
The utility model relates to a novel drinking water purifying and sterilizing filter formed by that a
traditional water purifier with single filtering and purifying action and an ultraviolet sterilizer are
combined into a whole. The utility model is mainly composed of a barrel body (1), an upper end cover
(6), an ultraviolet lamp tube (2), a water isolating glass tube (3), a purifying filter core (23), a light
shielding and light reflecting barrel (4), a rectifier box (10), etc. The utility model can purify water and
can also sterilize purified water to ensure that the raw purified water can be drun

The utility model relates to a film impurity removing instrument of a water treating device, which can 1
automatically remove film impurities, and the utility model is used for substituting for the traditional
chemical cleanness of film pollution. The utility model is composed of a host machine which can
generate electromagnetic signals of a finite frequency and a finite intensity, and a transducer. The
utility model is characterized in that the transducer is made of engineering plastics and inlaid with four
sensing electrodes, the surface of which is respectively wound with spiral conducting wires, which are
connected in series into integration. The utility model is mainly used for water preparation systems
which take reverse osmosis (RO) or ultra filtration (UF) as main core technologie

The utility model discloses a multifunctional disinfection cabinet, which comprises a box body. The box
body is divided into an appliance cavity, a water consuming cavity and a water drinking cavity; the
inner of the appliance cavity is provided with an ultraviolet ozone composite tube; the water
consuming cavity is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, a graphite ozonizer and an electronic
heat accumulation device; the water drinking cavity is provided with a purified water outlet and a heat
exchanger; a clarifying filter is arranged between the water consuming cavity and the water drinking
cavity. The utility model adopts an advanced and scientific disinfection and purification mode, which
not only can carry out disinfection to appliances, but also can carry out disinfection and heating to
drinking wate

The utility model relates to a new style micro-pollution raw water and sewage treatment device. The 1
utility model is mainly applicable to organic substances and ammonia nitrogen treatment of micro
pollution raw water and sewage of waterworks. The utility model is composed of a water and gas inlet
zone, a lightweight filter layer, a water outlet pipe and a pulse back flushing structure. Lightweight filter
materials are used as filter materials, a gas and water up-flow form and a back flush of a pulse back
flushing form are used when the utility model runs. The utility model has the advantage that the filter
materials have a larger specific surface area. The utility model is suitable for the growth of microbes,
and has the characteristics of wide sources and low price. The utility model has higher processing
effect on ammonia nitrogen and organic substances in water. The utility model can effectively prevent
raw water from clogging, has the advantages of better back flushing effect and little water and gas
consumption. The utility model also has the advantage that no back flushing water pump is not
needed in the process of back flushin

The utility model provides an automatic cleaning, pollution discharging and casing explosion-proof 1
safety device of a filtering core of domestic water filter, which is suitable for using active carbon or
ceramic and a hollow fiber ultra-filtration membrane as a filtering core and carries out two-stage or
multi-stage filtration and purification. The utility model is mainly composed of an annular water pipe (5)
which is arranged around a filtering core (2) of a primary filter of a water purifier, a cleaning ball (4)
which is filled in a gap between the filtering core (2) of the primary filter and a casing (3), and a
pressure-releasing safety valve which is installed on a casing (12) of a secondary filter of the water
purifier. The utility model realizes the automatic cleaning and pollution discharge of the filtering core of
the domestic water purifier, prevent the casing from bursting caused by the increase of the internal
pressure of the water purifier, and enhances the grade of the existing water purifier, and the use is
safe, reliable and convenien

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet drinking water purifier which belongs to a water purifying
device and comprises a barrel body, quartz casing tubes in the barrel, a water inlet, and a water
outlet. The utility model is characterized in that flat sealing heads at both ends of the barrel body are
fixedly connected with the barrel body, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected between the flat
sealing heads at both ends; the outer parts of the quartz casing tubes at the water inlet and the water
outlet are additionally provided with protective jackets which are connected with the sealing heads at
both ends. The utility model belongs to a water purifying device and particularly relates to an
ultraviolet drinking water purifier. The utility model has the advantages that the working pressure is
between 0.6 MPa to 1 MPa, and the use is saf
The utility model relates to a self-flushing multi-stage filtering water purifier which is characterized in 1
that a filter cartridge 1 is provided with an interlayer communicated with a water inlet pipe. The upper
part of a filter element is provided with a hole which is communicated with the interlayer, and the
bottom is provided with a purified water outlet. A filter cartridge with an active carbon filter element a
forms a prefiltering step, and the water outlet of the prefiltering step is connected with a filter cartridge
with a hollow dimension ultra filter membrane filter element b by a self-flushing device 5 which is in
three-way pipe structure that a channel is connected with a clean water outlet valve 6. An inner pipe c
which is communicated with the water outlet of the prefiltering step and provided with a contraction
water outlet is arranged in the water inlet channel of the three-way pipe structure. The other channel
of the three-way pipe structure is connected with the water inlet of an ultra filtering step. The
prefiltering, the water softening, the mineralizing and the ultra filtering multi-stage are connected into
integration in series. The self-flushing device makes the filter elements be in the working state with
high efficiency. The self-flushing multi-stage filtering water purifier not only can effectively remove
impurity and pathogenic bacteria, but also can prolong the service lif

The utility model relates to a device for producing pure water, particularly a ceramic filtering pure 1
water production device which uses ceramic as a filtering core, which comprises a host computer
device, a sterilizing device, a backwashing device, and a canning device. The utility model is
characterized in that the host computer device comprises a coarse filter, a micro filter, and a fine filter,
wherein, a water inlet of the coarse filter is connected with a water source, and a water outlet of the
coarse filter is connected with a water inlet of the micro filter. A water outlet of the micro filter is
connected with a water inlet of the fine filter, a water outlet of the fine filter is connected with a water
inlet of the sterilizing device, and the backwashing device is respectively connected with the coarse
filter, the micro filter, and the fine filte

The utility model discloses a household water filter which belongs to the technical field of the water 1
filter. The water filter is composed of a flow splitting chamber, a sewage chamber, a water filtering
chamber, a clear water chamber, a water pump, and a high-level water tank. The flow splitting
chamber is connected with the sewage chamber. The inner part of the flow splitting chamber is
provided with a water inlet pipe mouth for light polluted water and a water inlet pipe mouth for serious
polluted water, which are used for closing and opening a bidirectional butterfly valve. The combined
part of the two pipe mouthes is provided with an overflow mouth, the sewage chamber is connected
with the water filtering chamber. The top part of the sewage chamber is provided with a water level
controlling device and the bottom layer of the sewage chamber is provided with a coarse filter net.
The water filtering chamber is connected with the clear water chamber; the water filtering chamber is
provided with a framework for supporting and is fixedly provided with a filter cloth; the filter cloth and
the space of the wall of the water filtering chamber are filled with active carbons; then, the filter cloth
and the space of the wall of the water filtering chamber are supported and partitioned by a supporting
plate. The inner part of the clear water chamber is provided with an ultra-violet ray generator. The wall
of the clear water chamber is provided with a conduction through water pump with a larger water
draining mouth; the water pump is communicated with the high-level water tank by a water pipe; the
inner part of the high-level water tank is provided with a water level controller for controlling the water
level. The household water filter can carry out the flow splitting operation of the light polluted water
and the serious polluted wate

The utility model relates to an automatic sanitary drinking fountain comprising a housing, and a water
tank, a hot water tank, an active carbon filter, and a control switch which are arranged in the housing.
The utility model is characterized in that a precision filter and an ultraviolet sterilizer which are
connected with each other are installed in the housing, the precision filter is connected with the
activated carbon filter, and the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected with the water tank. The utility model
has the advantages of unique water processing function, high safety, and reliability, utilizes tap water
as source water, arranges three groups of water purifying devices in the housing, synthesizes the
functions of adsorption, precise filtration, and sterilization into a whole, and can effectively remove iron
rust, foreign flavor, particulate matter, etc. in water. By utilizing an ultraviolet sterilizing device, the
utility model can kill various bacteria and viruses in water efficiently and can completely guarantee the
safety of drinkin
The utility model discloses a composite ultraviolet disinfector. Ultraviolet lamp tubes of which the
number is not less than 3 are distributed in a main body of a disinfection chamber of the utility model,
the water inlet or the water outlet of a disinfection reaction chamber adopts a sleeving structure, an
opening is arranged on the end part of the cylindrical outer wall of the disinfection chamber, a water
outlet outer sleeving is welded on the cylindrical outer wall of a main body of the disinfection chamber,
openings on the end part of the cylindrical outer wall of the disinfection chamber are arranged in the
water outlet outer sleeving (4), and the length of water inlet of a water passing calibre and the main
body of the disinfection chamber can be designed into different dimensions according to specific
circumstances. The utility model can be used for the disinfection of sea water, drinking water, treated
sewerage and other water disinfection field

The utility model relates to a multi-function water supply automobile, which is composed of an 1
automobile body, a purifying unit, an ultra-purifying unit, a sea water desalinating unit, a generator and
a computer control device, wherein, a submersible pump is firstly installed on an original water inlet
pipeline of the purifying unit, and then, the pipeline is connected with a pipeline reactor in entering; a
water outlet pipe of the pipeline reactor is connected with a settler, and then is connected with a filter
and a disinfector A in entering orderly; one water outlet pipeline of the disinfector A is connected with
an ultra-filter and the disinfector in entering, and the other pipeline is connected with a finely-filter in
entering; the disinfector A via a high-pressure pump is connected with a membrane group desalinating
apparatus in entering and is finally connected with a disinfector B in existing; another pipeline of the
disinfector A is connected with drinking water in existing. The utility model has the advantages of
reasonable and compact structure, convenient operation, various functions for water treatment and
water supply, wide range for using and good mobilit

Disclosed is a sea water desalination device, which comprises a pretreatment unit, a sea water 1
desalination unit and an electrical control unit that are all arranged inside a tank body. A diving pump
is arranged on a water inlet pipe before the pretreatment unit which is composed of serially connected
a reactor, a three-dimensional spiral precipitator, a composite filtration material filter and a water outlet
pipe. The water outlet pipe of the pretreatment unit is connected with an essence filter, a high-
pressure pump and a reverse osmosis desalination device of the sea water desalination unit, and
then connected with a disinfection device and finally connected with the outlet pipe. The utility model
combines the purification, desalination and ultra-purification as a whole, which is of high efficiency,
compact structure, complete functions and wide range of applicatio

The utility model relates to an integrated purifier, which comprises a bailing part and a purifying part;
the water inlet pipe of the bailing water is connected with the flocculating chamber (6) of the purifying
part; a constant medicine-feeding device (5) is provided inside the water inlet pipe. The purifying part
is separated into a flocculating chamber (6), a separating chamber (7), a condensing chamber (9) and
a rinsing box (10); an ultraviolet sterilizer (11) is arranged before the water outlet pipe of the rinsing
box (10). The purifier is used to purify the general water without special pollution or ground water on
coral islands and the purified water meets the national drinking water standards with the water yield
per hour is 1-10 m3. The utility model has small volume, compact structure, strong integration, simple
management and handling, as well as reliable and safe operatio

The utility model discloses a running water purifying device, which mainly consists of a running water 1
sterilizing unit, an electromagnetic valve, a micro hole filtering unit and a water faucet with two water
feeding pipes. The device is mainly characterized in comprising two passages; the water flow
directions of the two passages are absolutely different. The two passages can carry out backwashing
operation to the micro hole filtering core with a hollow structure at any time so as to prevent faults
from happening; therefore, the utility model realizes half automatic backwashing operatio
The utility model relates to a water purifier for producing instant drinking healthy water and belongs to 1
the depth purifying treatment technique field of tap water in urban area. The utility model has the main
characteristic of that the tail end of a multi-stage filtering, sterilizing, algae removing and fine filtrating
purifying installation (6) which comprises an activated carbon carrying argent, an ultrafiltration
membrane and an activated ball or the like is provided with a biological crockery (7) manufactured by
artificial bionic technique. Wherein the biological crockery (7) is arranged in purified water and can
produce weak magnetic gas and far infrared with weak amplitude, water molecular cluster is ultra
fined to create weak base ionic water and change PH value, the purified water is turned into the water
which reaches the health water standard, thereby metabolism of human body can be promoted,
resistance and immunity of human body can be improved. The water purifier provided with the
biological crockery (7) can be compound used with various drinking machines and purifying
machines, has low fabrication cost, appreciable effect and broad adaptation prospec

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp.To overcome the shortcomings of electric
conduction and easy corrosion of a metal shell of the marketed ultraviolet sterilizing equipment, the
utility model is provided with a ABS water bucket, wherein inner surfaces of two ends of the water
bucket are combined with water bucket plugs tightly; the water bucket plugs can make electrodes of
the traditional ultraviolet sterilizing equipment sustain high-degree insulation and make a water
treatment place insulate and resist corrosio

A quality-divided water-supplying equipment which prevents secondary pollution comprises a water-

purifying machine, a water-purifying tank, a water-dividing cylinder, a water-supplying pump and a
water collector. An ultraviolet sterilizer and a microfilter are arranged on a water inlet pipe and a water
outlet pipe; and the microfilter and a recycling pump are arranged on a backwater branch pipe I
between the water collector and the water-dividing cylinder, one end of a backwater branch pipe II
which is provided with a backwater valve is connected to the backwater branch pipe I at the front of
the recycling pump and the other end is connected to the water-purifying tank; and one end of a
recycling by-pass pipe is connected to the backwater branch pipe II at the front of the recycling pump
and the other end is connected to the water outlet pipe at the front of the ultraviolet sterilizer. The
quality-divided water-supplying equipment can make the water-purifying form a closely circulation and
adopts multi-grade sterilization and filtration, therefore effectively prevents the secondary pollution in
water-supplyin

A multi-functional street water selling machine controls an electromagnetic valve through a water level 1
induction switch on a water purifying tank to let in water. An ultra-filtration unit is arranged to directly
generate drinking water. A cold water device, a hot water device and a hand washing water tap are
provided, the cold water device and the hot water device are respectively provided with a water outlet,
a dust cover is arranged above the water outlet. An automatic cup selling device is provided, a coil
device and an operation board are provided. A box body is provided with an electricity meter, a water
meter, a post office box, an IC telephone, a garbage bin, a horologe, a landmark or a guideboard, a
lamp box advertisement plate, an urban map holder, a rain cover. The multi-functional street water
selling machine is a multi-functional urban street facility, can beautify a city, save resource

The utility model relates to a water storage barrel for water purifying machine, comprising a barrel
body and a mouth. The utility model is characterized in that a soft internal bladder is arranged in the
barrel and through holes is arranged on the barrel wall. When in use, the purified drinking water is in
the soft internal bladder while the air getting into the water storage barrel is separated outside the soft
internal bladder so that the backflow air has no contact with the drinking water, which avoids second
pollution to the drinking water. The utility model only needs dry disinfection(ultraviolet radiation or
microwave) when changes internal bladder. The utility model has the advantages of simple
techniques and low cost. Recycled internal bladder can be repeatedly used which has a good effect
on environmental protectio
The utility model discloses a water supplying device for purification treatment. The water supplying
device comprises a water tank which consists of a left section and a right section. A water level of the
left section is slightly higher than that of the right section. A pump is communicated with the left
section; a water outlet of the right section is communicated with an inlet of a modular ultraviolet-C
water sterilization equipment. The modularization content includes a modular structure, more than 3
ultraviolet lamp tubes evenly distributed at the circumference of the cross section of a reaction cavity.
Sterilized sea water outputted by the ultraviolet-C sterilization equipment passes through a control
room; sea water that comes from the control room has a stable flow velocity so as to ensure that a
shellfish product can maintain a simulated natural state for free opening/closing, realizing a final
purpose of purification and sterilizatio

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet ray water clarifier, mainly consisting of a filtering device, a
disinfecting device and a circuit control device; a U-shaped glass bushing which is provided with
ultraviolet ray lighting tubes is arranged at position of a central shaft of the body, and the U-shaped
glass bushing is sleeved with a duct which is sleeved with a ring filter core. The body is divided into
mutually independent disinfecting reaction cavity and an inhalant region by the filter core. The utility
model has the functions of filtration, adsorption and disinfection, having an obvious sterilization effect,
acceptable for purifying the drinking water, the domestic water and the seashell, washing fruit and
vegetable, et

The utility model discloses an optical catalase nanometre water, air treatment apparatus, belonging to
the technical field of purifying device. A nanometer catalysis bed cylinder is internally provided with an
ultraviolet radiation light tube and a nanometer catalysis bed grid which is a rectangular vane. The two
ends of the nanometer catalysis bed grid are respectively provided with convex-shaped lugs and are
fixedly connected through grid fixing keyboards which are arranged in the two ends of the nanometer
catalysis bed cylinder. The nanometer catalysis bed cylinder and the grid fixing keyboard of the utility
model are filmed with nanometer porcelain enamel, when passing through the nanometer catalysis
bed cylinder and under the radiation of ultraviolet radiation light tube, the water or air has great
execution to the viruses and bacterium, and can realize degradation of the smell, pigment, organic
element, CO, NOx and SO2 in the water or air. The utility model can be used for purifying treatment of
drinking water, sewage or air in household, public places, and environmental protectio

The utility model relates to a sterilization algaecide device for water treatment which is used for
treating industrial or living water. The device can realize continuous and highly efficient sterilization
algaecide, promising no chemical agents, no pollution, easy operation and low cost. The utility model
comprises a water channel which is provided with an ultraviolet radiation generator and a
corresponding control cabinet, wherein, the ultraviolet radiation generator is connected with an
ultraviolet radiation light tube, and the water channel is provided with a medicine adding case and is
internally provided with a guide slot and a corresponding operation rod; besides, the inner wall of the
water channel is further provided with an ultraviolet radiation reflecto

The utility model provides a device for purifying water, comprising a casing, a slight filtering core and 1
an ultra filtering core. The casing is provided with a water inlet pipe, a purified water outlet pipe and a
recoiling water outlet pipe. The slight filtering core and the ultra filtering core are arranged in the
casing. The utility model is characterized in that a telescopic elastomeric bladder is arranged in the
casing simultaneously; furthermore, one end port of the elastomeric bladder is communicated with the
purified water side of the ultra filtering core and the other end port of the elastomeric bladder is
communicated with the purified water outlet pipe of the casing. The utility model has the
characteristics of simple recoiling and cleaning operation, favorable purifying effect, small volume, no
dynamic force, etc. Furthermore, because the ultra filtering core is unblocked all the time, the service
life of the device for purifying water is long. The device for purifying water is particularly suitable for
the water purification in familie
The utility model relates to a water treatment reclamation car washer equipment, which comprises the 1
shell 25, the porcelain filter 1, the clear water tank 2, the activated charcoal filter 3, only the water tank
7 as well as various pipelines and the pump. The utility model is characterized in that the activated
charcoal filter 3 is provided on the bottom of the clear water tank2 through the pipeline 14, and the
electronic water treatment and the booster pump 4 and the ultra micro filtrating equipment 6 are
provided between the clear water tank 2 and 7. The utility model is characterized in that the structure
is simple and sensible, and the using is convincement .When operating, according to the service
condition to choose to process which stage of the water, and the good water treatment effect can
except the water color, the smell, the particle, the elimination solute, wash the clean fluid, kill and
extinguish the bacterium, the particle of the water leakage is smaller than 0.2 micron. The equipment
construction cost is low and can be promoted and used widel

The utility model relates to a mini-type circulation water regeneration treatment machine, comprising a 1
rough filtering tank, an ozone generator, a rough particle active carbon degradation tank, a fine
particle active carbon absorption tank, an ultra-filtration tank and an activating water tank. The rough
filtering tank is provided with a compression paper core. The fine particle activate carbon absorption
tank is provided with a magnesium stone isolation layer, the ultra-filtration tank is provided with a
ceramic film. The utility model regenerates and utilizes the life water from the service industry, the
bathing industry and the community; the production capacity is big, and the cost is lo

The utility model relates to a magnetized water purifier that can remove rust in the water and other 1
impurities as well as magnetize water. The utility model is provided with two tank bodies, a tank body I
(3) and a tank body II (6), wherein, upper parts of the tank body I and the tank body II are
communicated with a connection pipe (4), a tank cover (1) is arranged at an upper end of the tank
body I and a center of the tank cover (1) is connected with a bearing rod (11) that is positioned inside
the tank body I. An upper part of the bearing rod is connected with a plurality of superpose micro filter
discs (2), the lower part of the bearing rod is connected with a fixed mount (12) on which a plurality of
permanent magnets (13) equi-spaced in circumference are fixed, and a water inlet (15) is arranged on
the tank body I; an upper end of the tank body II is provided with a tank cover (5), an activate carbon
filter cup (8) is arranged inside the tank body II and a water outlet (9) is arranged on the tank body II;
the lower end of the tank body I is provided with a water discharge valve (14) and the lower end of the
tank body II is provided with a water discharge valve (10). The utility model can be used to purify and
magnetize water, particularly drinking wate

The utility model relates to a membrane reclaimed water filtering device, in particular to a filtering 1
device adopting large-scale cross-flow filtration with composite micro-filtration membrane pipes and
pulsed air-water backwashing. To provide a continuous reclaimed water micro-filtration purifying
device with good filtration performance, long serviceable life and low initial investment and operation
cost, the utility model employs composite micro-filtration membrane pipes to form a membrane
component via serial or parallel connection, and adopts cross-flow filtration and pulsed air-water
backwashing technologies. The utility model has high mechanical strength, large water permeable
capacity and low obstruction possibility, as well as the filtering performance of the membranes can be
excellently restored, so the utility model has extensive application prospec

A reverse-osmosis water generator relates to water generating devices, in particular to reverse- 1

osmosis water generating devices. The water generator comprises a raw-water pressurizing pump
(1), a multi-medium filter (3), a first-grade high-pressure pump (6), a first-grade reverse-osmosis
membrane set (7), a second-grade high-pressure pump (11), a second-grade reverse-osmosis
membrane set (12) and corresponding electric control systems, wherein, all the members are
connected via pipelines; at least a set of chemical dosing devices (2) is arranged in front of the multi-
medium filter (3); an ultra-filtration membrane set (5) is arranged in front of the first-grade high-
pressure pump (6); an activated carbon filter (8) and a guard filter (9) are arranged in front of the
second-grade high-pressure pump (11). The reverse-osmosis water generator of the utility model has
favorable pre-treating effect, low running cost and wide application scope, and can be applied to
industries including drinking water, pharmaceutics, chemical engineering, et
The utility model relates to a high-efficiency water treater utilizing the ultraviolet illumination method,
comprising a reactor 2 and an electric controller 3. The utility model is characterized in that a water
inlet 8 arranged at the bottom of the reactor 2 is connected with a water pump 4, the reactor 2 and the
water pump 4 are in electricity connection with the electric controller 3. With good anti-bacterial ability,
fast sterilize ability, good effect, a reasonable structure, small volume, convenient movement and
simple and convenient and safe manipulation, the utility model can circularly treat the water in a water
tank and has no use for increasing the number of ultraviolet tubes so as to increase the processing
ability of device, which contributes to the energy conservatio

The utility model provides a disinfecting water clarifier which can cooperate with the drinking machine,
comprising a water clarifier body, wherein the top and the bottom of the water clarifier body are
provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; a filtrating device which can clarify and process the tap
water is arranged in the water clarifier body; the top of the interior of the water clarifier body is
equipped with an ultraviolet disinfecting lamp tube; and the water outlet of the water clarifier body is
cooperated with the water inlet of the drinking machine. Compared with the prior art, the utility model
is not only advantageous to the utilizing of the user of the drinking machine, but also can clarify the
tap water through the ultraviolet irradiation and the water quality processing of the filtrating device,
thereby the water flowing out from the drinking machine is sanitary and reliable. The people can drink
reassuring wate

The utility model relates to a big-flow photocatalytic tubular reactor, which comprises a power driving
device, light source, and photocatalytic tubes which are arranged between upper and lower
supporting components; a UV source is arranged in or between the photocatalytic tubes; photocatlyst
is loaded in the photocatalytic tubes or on the inner and outer surfaces of the photocatalytic tubes; two
ends of the photocatalytic tubes respectively are inlets and outlets; the utility model can improve the
absorption efficiency and reaction area of the photocatalytic reasctor and has higher photolytic
efficiency of harmful gases or pollutants in water, small wind-resistance and huge handling capacity;
the photocatalytic tubes which are connected in series or in parallel and can be used to purify air or
treat water can meet the needs of small or big handling capacit

A three-grade water purifier consists of a square tube 1, a lower pressure plate 2, a porcelain filter
core 3, a middle baffle 4, a water collecting groove 5, an upper pressure plate 6, an upper baffle 7, a
granular activated carbon layer 8, a turbulence plate 9, an ultraviolet lamp 10, a reflection cover 11,
an upper cover 12, a water inlet nozzle 13, a water outlet pipe 14, an upper pollution discharging plug
15, a lower pollution discharging plug 16, and a bottom foot 17. The utility model has three-grade
water purifying functions, filtration, dechlorination and sterilization. Compared with the existing similar
water purifiers, the utility model has the advantages of large water treating capacity, low maintenance
cost, and long using lif

The utility model relates to a water purifier with a diatomite micro-filter film, which is used for 1
improving the use quality of water by people. The utility model comprises a valve base, a valve core, a
seal ring, a positioning pin for a valve core, a turnbuckle, a seal sleeve, an inlet sleeve, a sieve, a seal
cushion, a flow distributing disc, a filter cylinder, a filter core, an eduction tube, etc., wherein the filter
core is composed of a plurality of elementary units, and each elementary unit is composed of a high-
quality diatomite micro-filter film, a water inlet ring and a flow guiding disc. The diatomite micro-filter
film performs the high-efficiency purifying function by functions of flow interception, adsorption, etc.
Furthermore, the water purifier with a diatomite micro-filter film has the advantages of reasonable
structure, convenient use, low cost, etc., and can be applied to families. Meanwhile, the checking by
the related departments shows that the water quality processed by the water purifier reaches and
exceeds the standard of directly drinking water; the filter core is replaceable to ensure the quality of
the purified water. Therefore, the utility model has extensive market foreground for applicatio
A reverse osmosis water purification machine relates to small-sized pure water production equipment. 1
The utility model provides a water purification machine which can filter out not only solid matters, but
also water-soluble foreign matters, the water purification machine comprises a primary filter 1, a
pressure pump 2 which is connected with an outlet of the primary filter 1, a filter 3 which is provided
with a reverse osmosis membrane and connected with an outlet of the pressure pump 2, and a casing
4 in which the filter 1 and the filter 3 are arranged, wherein the primary filter 1 comprises three filter
layers or a three-level filter layer, that is, a cotton first-level filter layer 11 with pore diameter of 5 mum,
a second-level filter layer 12 which is a filtration container provided with active charcoal, a third-level
high-density cotton filter layer 13 with pore diameter of 1 mum. The product can be used for pure
water production in industries such as fine drinking water, foodstuff, beverage water, chemical
industry, electron, pharmacy, medical treatments, laboratories, advanced agriculture and the like, and
the product particularly suits to the situations of compact conformation

The utility model discloses a water purifier, comprising a water inlet, a process chamber and a water
outlet. The structural characterization of the utility model is that a filter screen is arranged in the
process chamber or in the position of the water inlet. A valve with at least three-way is disposed in the
position of the water valve. One connector of the valve is communicated with the water inlet, and two
connectors of the valve are respectively connected to an outlet of the process chamber and an inlet of
the process chamber. Therefore, the treated water enters from the water inlet of the water purifier,
passes a three-way valve firstly and enters into the process chamber, consequently bacteria and
algae existing in the water are killed by ultraviolet ray with the wavelength of 254 millimeters and the
highest sterilization. The bacteria, algae, various solid and gas existing in the water are absorbed and
held up by activated carbon fiber filter screen, enabling the water in the water outlet to achieve or
surpass the standard of mineral water, thereby the utility model has the advantages of simple
structure, convenient utilization, quick water-purifying effect and the lik

The utility model provides a water activating filter which is a vessel made of stainless steel metal 1
mesh, a plurality of granular far infrared radiation elements are arranged inside the metal mesh
vessel, the metal mesh together with the far infrared radiation elements inside is put into a vessel with
water, or the metal mesh together with the far infrared radiation elements inside is piled up in multiple
filter layers and arranged inside a large bucket with water; the far infrared radiation elements are
cylindrical, spherical particles which is made of inorganic oxides Zr, Fe, Mn, Si, added with trace nano
catalysts Zns, Cu with a production process of porous ceramics electronization. Effects of the
technology are that as a water molecule is provided with a strong absorption peak in a far infrared ray
band, so a resonance of a water molecule group is intense, and an internal energy is increased and
ionized, and bacteria in the water are sterilized by the far infrared ray, so general tap water can be
drunk immediately after the processin

The utility model relates to a water treating cup which can periodically prepare weak base acid water.
The main characteristics are that the water treating cup comprises a cup body with a cover and a
base, and the cup body with cover is provided with an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a
diaphragm, a pole piece, an ultraviolet lamp, etc. The cathode chamber is arranged in the cup with
cover, the anode chamber with the diaphragm and the pole piece is fixed on the cup body in the
cathode chamber. The ultraviolet lamp is arranged on the diaphragm in the cup body. A ballast and a
pole piece socket are arranged inside the base, a commutation switch and a power supply socket are
respectively fixed on a base wall of the base. The utility model has the advantages of small cubage,
light weight, safety and reliability and convenient portability, and is applicable to individual using in
business trips, travels, field operation, et

The utility model relates to a water filtering device, which comprises an outer tube (1) provided with an
inner cavity (2). Water filtering media filled between the outer tube (1) and an inner tube (3) are filled
in the cavity, an inner chamber (4) is arranged in the inner tube (3), and a plurality of apertures (6) are
arranged on the bottom end of the inner tube so that water passing through the water filtering media
can flow into the inner chamber (4). A transparent glass tube (7) is arranged in the inner chamber, an
inner cavity (8) is arranged in the glass tube, and an ultraviolet source (9) is arranged in the inner
cavity. Bacteria in the water between the inner tube and the glass tube can be killed by ultraviolet rays
emitted through the glass tube, a cover (11) is arranged at the top end of an outer tube (10) to cover
the upper end of the outer tube, and a through hole (13) is arranged at the top end of a cover (12) and
is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer tube (1) to arrange the glass tube and the ultraviolet
source. A hole (14) is arranged at the most outer top end of the cover (12) and is communicated with
the inner cavity (2) to feed the water to be purified in the water filtering device, the purified water flows
out through a through hole (15), and the through hole (15) is communicated with the inner chamber (4
The utility model provides an ultra filtering and reverse osmosis combined enclosed cleaning recovery 1
device. The device belongs to industrial water conditioning field in electrophoresis painting. The utility
model consists of two parts: ultra filtering and reverse osmosis. Wherein, the reverse osmosis part is
the device utilizing ultra filtrate to prepare pure water. Firstly, the ultra filtrate enters the main frame
through the pressurization of a source water pump. Secondly, the ultra filtrate is filtered by a precision
filter and the mechanical impurity is eliminated. Finally, the ultra filtrate enters a reverse osmosis film
element through the push of a high pressure pump. Thereby, the divorce between pure water and
high salinity water is realized. The pure water is delivered to the point of utilize through a hold-up tank.
The pure water is adapted to utilize in the final wash working procedure after electrophoresis, and is a
substitute for all the de-ionized water. The high salinity water enters an ultra filtering one-time tank
washer. Thereby, the enclosed post-electrophoresis cleaning is realized. The utility model has the
advantages that the device can completely reach the technical index needed by electrophoresis
painting, and brings in good economic benefits. The solid ingredient of the permeated liquid can
decrease from 0.5 percent to 0.05 percent through the reverse osmosis device. And the enclosed
post-electrophoresis cleaning is realize

The utility model relates to a high-grade ozone-ultraviolet ray excitation photooxidation device, which
is composed of a reaction tank, an ultraviolet lamp component, an aerating head, a light reflecting
plate, an overflow port, a lifting device of the ultraviolet lamp component and a water inlet, wherein,
the upper end of the reaction tank is provided with the overflow port, and the lower end of the reaction
tank is provided with the water inlet. The light reflecting plate is pasted on the inner wall of the
reaction tank, the position of the light reflecting plate corresponds to the height and the position of the
ultraviolet lamp component, the ultraviolet lamp component is arranged in the center of the reaction
tank, and the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with the ozone aerating head. The utility model
has the advantages that the utilization rate of ultraviolet rays is increased, the production cost of the
photooxidation device is reduced, and the favorable effect of drinking water advanced treatment and
wastewater treatment reaches national related standar

The utility model discloses an automatic unattended middle-water filter tower system which is 1
hydration treatment equipment and mainly solves the automatic problem of middle-water filtration. The
utility model comprises a tower, an electronic sterilization and algae killing instrument, a pressure
auto-controlled apparatus, an electric control cabinet, a drainage electromagnetic valve, a check
valve, a water pump and so on. The utility model integrates the functions of filtration, sludge removal,
sterilization and alga killing into a whole and completely realizes the automatic control. To meet the
automatic requirement, a complex filtering layer formed by a micro-hole ceramic blind pipe and a cloth
tape is adopted; when the waste water which needs to be treated is sent into a filter tower through the
water pump, an initial filtering layer formed by impurities in the water is quickly generated outside the
complex filtering layer and is constantly thickened with the filtering time, which causes that: when the
filtering pressure is increased to a limited value, the pressure auto-controlled apparatus can sense the
information, opens the drainage electromagnetic valve through the electric control cabinet, and stops
the water pump at the same time, the water in the upper part of the tower can automatically make a
back-pressure, the cloth tape is expanded to damage the initial filtering layer, the fallen impurity
clusters are carried with the water to realize the sludge removal. When the pressure is zero, the
pressure auto-controlled apparatus closes the electromagnetic valve through the electric control
cabinet, and opens the water pump to continue the work. The electronic sterilization and algae killing
instrument is mainly used to control the quantities of bacteria and alga in the middle-water, keep the
stability of the water quality. The utility model solves the automatic problem of middle-water filtration,
realizes the unattended managemen

The utility model relates to a multifunctional purified water preparation machine which comprises a
machine body and a water purifying tank. The bottom of the water purifying tank is provided with a hot
water bladder and a cold bladder; an electrothermal tube is arranged in the cold bladder, and
condensing tubes are equispaced outside the cold bladder. An ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamp and a
ball float valve are arranged in the water purifying tank. The lower part of the water purifying tank is
provided with a filter element of which the water outlet is connected with the ball float valve by a
flexible tube. The lower part of the filter element is provided with a refrigerating compressor; the water
inside the cold bladder can be refrigerated through the condensing tubes. A water pump is arranged in
the machine body. The utility model uses public water body as raw water and removes foreign matter
from the water through progressive purification and desalinization by the filter element. The
submersible ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamp inside the water tank can kill the bacteria entering the water
tank through air, so secondary pollution is avoid and the purified water can be drunk directly. The
multifunctional purified water preparation machine can supply water to long distance through the
water pump and a water outlet valv
The utility model relates to an environment-friendly and energy-saving water mineralizing and 1
purifying unit, mainly comprising a casing, a plurality of filters, a sterilizer, and a heater, wherein, a
group of display instrument (2), an indicator (3), a control switch (4), a cold water tap (5) and a hot
water tap (6) are arranged on the casing and are connected with the relative circuit in the casing
respectively; the filter, the sterilizer and the heater which are arranged in the casing are connected in
the way as follows: a raw water inlet tube (7) is connected with a micro-filter (8); while the micro-filter
(8) is connected with a fine filter (9), a softener (10), the sterilizer (11), a water tank (12), and the
heater (13) in order, wherein, a drainpipe (16) with a valve is connected with the micro-filter (8), the
fine filter (9), and the softener (10) respectively; a cold water tube (4) connected with the cold water
tap (5) is connected with the sterilizer (11); the hot water tube (5) connected with the hot water tap (6)
are connected with the heater (13). The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost,
convenient installation, conformity with the cold water standard after treatment for the water in
different quality, and suitability for the centralized drinking in the public places such as schools, hotels,
hospitals, plants and department

The utility model relates to a water purifying activation instrument which comprises an ultraviolet
photolysis unit comprising a colorless glass tube array and ultraviolet lamp tubes beside the glass
tubes, and an activation core comprising a casing, wherein one end of the glass tube array is
provided with a water inlet and the other end is connected with an inlet of the activation core; both
ends of the casing of the activation core are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet;
correspondingly inserted permanent magnetic arrays are arranged in the casing; the inlet and the
outlet are respectively provided with a pair of ionization potential positive and negative polar plates
and a pair of free electron leading-out electrode plates; flow distribution plates are arranged between
each pair of the electron leading-out electrode plates; one end of each flow distribution plate near the
ionization potential positive and negative polar plates extends between the adjacent ends of the
ionization potential positive and negative polar plates; each electrode plate is provided with a leading-
out lead wire extending out of the casing. When common drinking water enters the colorless glass
tube array, the drinking water is irradiated by the ultraviolet lamp tubes; with combined action of
ultraviolet spectrum light, ultraviolet magnetic field and ultraviolet electric field, water is converted into
ion ground state from atomic unexcited state; then, water enters the activation core and is ionized by
the high field generated by the ionization potential positive and negative plates of the inlet and the
outlet, positive ions in the water are led to a kathode, negative ions are led to an anode, and the ions
are separated by the flow distribution plates; free electrons are led into ground by the free electron
leading-out electrode plates. Thereby, water is changed into active water in real ionic state with
improved activation capacit

The utility model relates to a sunlight purifying type full glass vacuum collector tube which collect heat
and utilize ultraviolet rays to purify water in a tube simultaneously, and a solar water heater. The
vacuum collector tube is characterized in that an absorbing film is not plated on the outer
circumference in the one side direction in the tube, the tube is transparent, and an absorbing film with
an outer face and an inner face which have high absorbing rate is plated on the outer circumference
in the other direction. The solar water heater is characterized in that the solar water heater adopts the
vacuum collector tube and one transparent side is arranged towards the sunlight. When utility model
is used, the sunlight penetrates the water in the tube firstly, the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight is
utilized to disinfect and sterilize, the water quality is purified, and the sunlight irradiates to the inner
side of the absorbing film, the quantity of heat is produced, and the water in the tube is heate
Disclosed is a full automation water clarifier which belongs to the filtration and adsorption apparatus
field. The utility model comprises a shell body, wherein, a water inlet pipe is connected with a fine
filtration component, a membrane filtration component and an active carbon adsorption component
sequentially by an electromagnetic valve, and the utility model is characterized in that the fine filtration
component, the membrane filtration component and the active carbon adsorption component are all
disposed in the shell body, active carbon particles are filled between a fine filter core, an active carbon
fibre core and the shell body respectively, the active carbon adsorption component is connected with
a photoxidation water storage tank by a pipeline, an ultraviolet lamp pipe and a liquid level controller
are arranged in the photoxidation water storage tank, the liquid level controller is respectively
connected with the electromagnetic valve, the ultraviolet lamp pipe and a counter, and the counter is
connected with a control circuit power switch. The utility model reduces the relative motion between
water treatment units, which further reduces the influence on the quality of the water clarifier by the
vibrating of the water treatment component (filter core) during the material circulation process; and the
utility model can fully eliminate the organic pollutant in water; when the quantity of cleaned water
treated by the water treatment element reaches the set point, the electromagnetic valve is shut down
and will not produce water any more, thus realizing the full automation control to the water clarifie

The utility model relates to a water purifying device of titanium dioxide photo-electricity catalysis and
oxidation, which comprises a metal container (1), titanium dioxide solid film (2) employing metal
material as carrier, an ultraviolet light source (3), a DC (4). An inlet (5) and an outlet (6) are positioned
on the wall of the container (1); the ultraviolet light source (3) and the solid film (2) are arranged in the
container (1); two electrodes of the DC (4) is connected with the metal container(1) and the metal
carrier of the titanium dioxide solid film (2). The utility model can be widely applied to organic toxic
substance degradation, hospital sewage treatment and water advanced purificatio

The utility model provides a yellow rust water processor, mainly comprising a high frequency 1
generator and a water processor body. The water processor body mainly comprises a shell, an
internal electrode, a water inlet and a water outlet. The utility model is characterized in that the water
processor body is internally provided with an ultra-clean filter device which is a flat plate shape; a
metal net nipped with non-woven fabrics is adopted by the filtration medium; a fixed flange disc is
arranged at the circumference; the fixed flange disc is fixedly combined with an upper flange disc and
a lower flange disc at the circumference of the shell between the water inlet and the water outlet of a
water processor body; the water processor body is in vertical straight cylindrical or ellipse; the bottom
of the ellipse water processor body is provided with a sewage outlet; the diameter of hole of the metal
net is 2.5 multiplied by 2.5mm; the filtration hole diameter of the non-woven fabric is ranging from 80
Mu meters to 200 Mu meters, thus leading the water entering the water processor body to be ultra-
cleanly filtrated by high frequency electronic disposal for impurity removal and thorough removal of
yellow rust in the water, and improving the purity of the water with practicabilit

The utility model discloses a micro mash filter film river water filter, relating to a drinking water filter; in 1
particular to a micro mash filter film filtering and backsurge device. The utility model mainly consists of
a tank, a micro mash filter film pipe and valves; the river water can be changed into clean water
reaching the drinking standard through filtering of the micro mash filter film pipe; the gradual blockage
of the micro mash filter film can be cleared by backsurge. The utility model has a simple structure,
reasonable design, convenient use, and high cost-performance ratio; the utility model is not only
suitable for a variety of large and small ships used in transportation on rivers and lakes, but also
suitable for a wide rural area with poor water quality, and is low in manufacturing cost and high in
water yield, hence a broad application prospec
The utility model relates to a purification apparatus of drinking water, in particular to a multifunctional 1
water purifier, which is a device to purify water sources like well water and river water for drinking,
wherein, a strainer, a micro-strainer, an ultra-filter are arranged in series inside a shell; a water inlet of
the strainer is communicated with a water outlet of a supercharging electric pump; a water inlet of the
supercharging electric pump is communicated with a raw water switch; a water outlet of the ultra-filter
which is arranged in series at last is communicated with a purified water switch; a manual water lifts
and a bottle purified water aqueduct which is communicated with a pipe are arranged in series inside
the pipe which is communicated with the ultra-filter and the purified water switch; the purified water
aqueduct is communicated with the purified water switch which is communicated with a purified water
gallon barrel seat arranged on the upper part of the shell; interfaces which are communicated with
external water pipes are arranged on the raw water switch and the purified water switch. The utility
model is a water purifier having the advantages of wide range of application and high quality of
purified wate

The utility model discloses a household reverse osmosis purification water and soften water supply 1
machine belonging to the technology for treating water. The utility model uses tap water to make
softening water. The utility model is composed of a three stage prefiltering processor, a booster pump,
a control valve, a pressure control switch, an RO film reverse osmosis filter, a pressure water storage
tank, a postposition filter core and a pure water outlet. A softening water end of a pure water
proportional controller is connected with a softening water outlet tap and water pressure control
switches. The pure water ratio is adjusted by the two water pressure control switches, which leads
softening water which is originally wasted to be fully utilized. The requirements for using softening
water by families can be satisfied, and the usage for pure water by families can be satisfied. The
water quality standard for drinking water of families can be improved. A good water saving effect that
no waste water is discharged can be obtained. Pure water is drunk, which can prevent diseases from
entering a human body from a mouth. If a person uses softening water to take a shower for a long
time, a better cosmetic result that the skin can be cleaned and serviced can be obtaine

The utility model discloses a pipeline water purifying machine monitored by a micro-computer., a 1
system of the traditional water purifying machine can not automatically carry out detection when a
pipe leaks and a filter core need to be changed or cleaned after a long time use; the utility model
comprises a filtering device, a heating device and a cooling device, wherein, the water outlet ends of
the filtering device are respectively connected with the water inlet ends of the heating device and the
cooling device; a normal open magnetic valve and a flow sensor with a low voltage switch are orderly
connected in series with the water inlet end of the filtering device; the water inlet ends of the heating
device and the cooling device are respectively connected in series with a hot water injection
electromagnetic valve and a cold water injection electromagnetic valve; a water level sensor is
arranged in the heating device; the water outlet end of the heating device is connected in series with a
hot water outlet pump. The water manufacturing course of the system is fully enclosed; through the
monitoring of a micro-computer, the leak detection of the whole system and the automatic prompt that
the filter core needs to be changed or cleaned after a long time use are achieved; the mixing of hot
and cold water is avoided, and water temperature is guaranteed to achieve a definite requirement.
The utility model is widely used for producing pure wate

The utility model relates to an apparatus for directly supplying purified drinking water by a pipeline. 1
The utility model is composed of a base plate, an activated carbon filter, a micro filter, a fine filter, a
reverse osmosis membrane component, a nanofiltration membrane component, a sterilizer and a
water storing device which are connected with each other, wherein, the activated carbon filter, the
micro filter, the fine filter, the reverse osmosis membrane component, the nanofiltration membrane
component, the sterilizer and the water storing device are fixed on the base plate. The utility model
has high dirt removing power, and the recovery rate of the water is up to 85 percents. While removing
organic and inorganic pollutants, the utility model preserves proper quantities of bioelements, and can
control the content of the bioelements in an ideal level to reach the standard of the drinking water of
good quality. The removal rate of organic micro pollutants of the utility model is over 98 percents, and
the removal rate of the inorganic pollutants is over 90 percents. The utility model can reduce the cost
of water purification as required and save energy consumption. The apparatus for directly providing
purified drinking water by the pipeline can be used for the production of pipeline quality dividing water
supply and other drinking water production
The utility model discloses a drinking water treating device-a controllable multiple micro mineralizing 1
device which comprises a frame and a shell body arranged on the frame, wherein, the shell body
provided with a water inlet and a water outlet comprises a plurality of mineralizing columns connected
with each other in parallel through a water inlet pipe, and an ultrafiltration shell body connected with
the mineralizing columns in series; a water inlet of each mineralizing column is provided with a flow
regulating valve, a pressure gauge and a flow meter. Trace element filtering cores with different
components can be arranged in the different mineralizing columns of the controllable multiple micro
mineralizing device of the utility model, and the flow regulating valve of the water inlet can be
regulated to regulate the dissolved amount of trace elements according to different water quality
requirements so as to release the trace elements as require

The utility model relates to a water filter for a portable water bottle. The water filter for a portable water 1
bottle comprises a bottle cover which can be assembled on a drink bottle, a movable plug of the bottle
cover, and at least one filter core which is assembled at the bottom end of the middle part of the bottle
cover. The movable plug of the bottle cover is sheathed on the top end of the bottle cover. The filter
core is filled with filter medium, and the top bottom end of the filter core is provided with a perforated
through hole which forms a shape which can be sheathed. When the utility model is used, the water
filter for a portable water bottle is assembled on a general drink bottle through the bottle cover. If tap
water or stream water is held in the drink bottle, after the bottle cover is covered, when a user wants
to drink, and the water is sucked from the movable plug of the bottle cover, the water can pass
through the filter medium on the filter core, impurities in the water can be filtered, therefore, the water
which is drunk is water which is purified, and the water is safe and sanitar

The utility model discloses a cup for filtering water in travel. The utility model comprises a cup body 1
and a filtering device, wherein, the filtering device is arranged below a bottle cover of the cup body,
and a water inlet of the bottle cover is communicated with the filtering device which comprises a
filtering bolt and a filtering core in the filtering bolt. The utility model is characterized in that a triiodo
resin layer is arranged in the filtering bolt of the filtering device. Consequently, besides the functions of
chlorine removing, farm chemical removing, peculiar smell removing, etc., the utility model also has
the functions of strong killing and instantaneous sterilization to bacteria and viruses, such as AIDS
virus, hepatitis virus, spinal cord ray matter inflammation virus, colibacillus, cholera, typhoid,
dysentery, etc., particularly infective viruses using the water as a medium. The utility model has the
specific functions that the cup for filtering water in travel eliminates bad smell, filters turbid liquids (for
example, removes sludge or dregs), and removes chlorine, etc.; the cup for filtering water in travel
removes toxic chemicals, washing agent, insecticide, etc., and removes harmful micro disease germ
and heavy metals, such as aluminium, asbestos, Ca, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, radioactive radium 222, etc.; the
cup for filtering water in travel removes all substances limited by FDA food class and removes various
harmful microbe

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet controlling device for preventing 'water bloom' and 'red tide',
comprising n (more than one) mercury vapor quartz ultraviolet lamps arranged on an ultraviolet
resistant light fixing frame and provided with a wave length of 200-400 nm, wherein, both ends of the
ultraviolet lamps go through waterproof and insulating treatment. The device has the advantages of
high algae removal rate, broad spectrum, obvious effects, simple structure and convenient operation,
and simultaneously overcomes the low efficiency, high cost and secondary pollution of the traditional
method. In addition, the utility model can control the 'bloom ' and the 'red tide ' flooding, can
accelerate degradation of organic matters in water body and reduce the harmfulness of the organic
matter

The utility model relates to a pretreatment device for a reverse osmosis membrane seawater 1
desalting device, which is mainly composed of a security filter (1) and an ultra filtration membrane
assembly (4), wherein, a water inlet of the security filter (1) is connected with a pretreatment water
inlet pipe (2), a water inlet of the ultra filtration membrane assembly (4) is connected with a water
outlet of the security filter (1), a water outlet of the ultra filtration membrane assembly (4) is connected
with a pretreatment water outlet pipe (3). The utility model solves problem that the quality of the
pretreated water of the reverse osmosis membrane seawater desalination is not good for a long tim
The utility model relates to a sea water desalination treatment device, which is suitable for ships and
islands. Sea water is in sequence treated by a delivery pump, a rotational flow cylinder, a reaction
cylinder, a shower pipe, a precision filter, a pretreatment sea water tank, a high-pressure pump, a
reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a fresh water tank, an ultraviolet pipe, and an activated carbon
tank; the utility model is provided with a medicament metering pump to be connected with a
medicament tanl, medicament is complementally add in the rotational flow cylinder, the reaction
cylinder, the pretreatment water, and a water outlet pipe of the high-pressure pump; the sea water is
treated by chemical medicament and the precision filter before the separation, and the taste feeling of
the sea water can be improved via the ultraviolet pipe and activated carbon; the problem that the sea
water pollution and the conventional filter do not fit ships and islands can be overcome, and the
quality and the safety of the treated fresh water can be further improved simultaneously. The utility
model has the advantages of small siz

The utility model provides a porous nano ceramic complex film water treatment device, which is 1
composed of a raw water pretreatment device, a supercharging device, and a screening water
desalting device, wherein, the raw water pretreatment device, the supercharging device, and the
screening water desalting device are connected together in series via pipelines. Because the water
treatment device has the advantages of simple processing technology and low cost, the engineering
cost and the operating cost used for the desalination of sea water and brackish water can be
decreased, and drinking water with low price and high quality can be obtained thereb

The utility model relates to an electric generator inner cooling water purifying device. An ion 1
exchanger housing is assembled on a frame, and the top part and the bottom part of the frame are
respectively provided with a pipeline. A manual gate valve is respectively arranged on the pipeline,
and is connected with a film deaerator of a resin trap and a flowmeter. The device has the advantages
of simple structure, no manual operation and free running realization, and the stability and the
reliability of water quality are increased. The erosion of a coil of the electric generator is decelerated,
and closed circuit circulation is realized so that the problems of influencing the manpower and safe
operation of the electric generator are solve

The utility model relates to a drinker, which comprises a water bucket with a cover, a water inlet pipe, 1
a water outlet pipe, and a filter which is arranged in the water bucket, wherein, the filter is a ceramic
cup, the circumference wall and the bottom wall of which are evenly and densely distributed with
nano-stage micropores, and the ceramic cup is communicated with the water outlet pipe. The filter of
the utility model uses the ceramic cup which is evenly and densely distributed with the nano-stage
micropores on the circumference wall and the bottom wall. The utility model not only can filter foreign
matter and suspended matter in the water, but also can filter viruses, bacteria, microbes, and colloidal
matter in the water. Accordingly, filtering, sterilizing, and disinfecting effects are favorable; since the
filter is made of ceramic materials and can not react with the water, various foreign matter in the
water, and other matter in the water, secondary pollution can be avoided; purity of the water can be
further increased, and simultaneously, the ceramic cup not only can be used for a long term, but also
can not age and rot. After the drinker is cleaned, the drinker can be utilized once more. Accordingly,
the utility model has long service life. Thus, the drinker of the utility model is caused to have
prolonged service life and reduced cost. The drinker is suitable for water purifying facilities in families,
enterprises, factories, restaurants, medicine industries, troops, and public place

The utility model relates to a water processing device with a nanometer micro hole and diatom perfect 1
earth. The utility model consists of a decentralized filter (1) with a cylinder on the upper part and a
pyramidal on the lower part, a circumference reactor (2) with a cylinder on the upper part and a
pyramidal on the lower part, a spread pipe (6), a hollow throat (4) and a spraying mouth (3); the
circumference reactor is positioned in the middle of the filter; the spraying mouth, the hollow throat
and the spread pipe are sleeved in the middle of the circumference reactor from the top to the bottom;
the cone bottom of the circumference reactor is provided with a sewage water inlet (15) which is
connected with the spraying mouth; the cylinder lumen part of the decentralized filter is provided with
a water collector (13); the tube wall is provided with a water outlet (9) which is connected with the
water collector. The utility model has simple structure, perfect sewage water processing effect, no
consume energy, small occupying space and low investmen
A continuous water supplying and processing system for micro sprinkling has a purifying pond which 1
includes a sedimentation pond (1) and a clear water pond (2). The water channels inside the purifying
pond are arranged like an 'S'; a filtration net (4) is positioned at the curved channel nearby the pond;
the head of the sedimentation pond (1) is provided with a water inlet (2); the sedimentation pond (1) is
provided with a plural levels of water distribution walls (3) which are arranged from top to bottom; the
outlet (6) of the clear water pond (5) connects to a micro sprinkling pipe by means of a water pump;
the head of the pipe is provided with third grade or second grade net filter (8) with 80, 100 and 120
meshes to form a multi-channel retrace speed-reducing and desilting water processing system. The
clear water pond (5) is provided with a sunshine greenhouse (10) above; the black heat absorption
material is painted on the bottom and walls of the pond. The device is a Huanghe River processing
system that requires fewer investments, covers smaller areas and has a simple structure and easy
operation. The supplying, heating and curing of water with the system can effectively expand the
planting area of the sunshine greenhouse, reduce investment, facilitate management and reduce
labor intensity. The system is also suitable for processing water resources with poor conditions, e.g.
inland rivers and afflux rain

A photocatalysis nano-coating porous ceramics purifying device is mainly composed of a porous 1

ceramics 3 (the aperture thereof is 50 to 500 Mu m), a metal or non-metallic tube 1 coated with a TiO
[2] film 2, an ultraviolet lamp 4. The ultraviolet lamp is embedded in a quartz glass tube 5, and
penetrates the porous ceramics to compose a multilayer structure, and is fixed in the metal or non-
metallic tube 1, the upper surface and lower surface of the porous ceramics and the inner surface of
the holes are coated with a TiO [2] film. The device can used for purifying water and air, can filter,
sterilize water and add trace elements which are beneficial for human health, can used for filtering
and sterilizing air in the meantim

The utility model relates to an integral equipment which combines the functions of production and 1
sale. The utility model comprises a water purification mechanism connecting a pump, a water supply
mechanism and a charging control mechanism. The water purification mechanism can adopt the
filtering technology such as RO reverse osmosis, nano-filtration and ultrafiltration or other technology
which generates a clean water meeting the national standard and capable to be drunk directly. The
utility model can sale the purified water automatically after the user pays. Further, the utility model is
characterized by simple structure and convenient operation, capable to be installed at a public site.
The contractual user can escape from the time limitation of water supply, bringing great convenience
to the use

The utility model discloses an agricultural drinking water purifier which purifying the country pond
water or surface water into drinking water. The device is an integrated structure of physical filtration,
electric disinfection and sterilization and backflush washing of electric pressurization formed by
connecting a net suction head, a pressurization pump, a filtering sandstone cylinder, a fine filter
cylinder, and an ultraviolet disinfecting cylinder through a plurality of valves and pipes. The agricultural
drinking water purifier is of a simple structure, convenient use, easy cleaning of filter materials and
changing, good filtration effect, high sterilizing ability, and widespread use in rural hilly regio

The utility model discloses a swimming pool water auto disposal equipment, which communicates with 1
the recycling water tube through the tapering water-supply mouth that is arranged on the bottom of
the pool, the water overflow tube that is arranged on the upper side of the pool, a purification and
balancing pool, a hair collector, a micro-hole active ceramics filter, a depth purifying filter, a chlorine
dioxide generator and a water recycling are connected in sequence, the communicating pipeline of
the depth purifying filter and the chlorine dioxide generator is connected in parallel to the heat tube
solar-energy heat-exchanger, multi-channel auto control valves that are controlled by the auto electric
control case are respectively arranged on the micro-hole active ceramics filter and the depth purifying
filter, a water-supply tank that communicates with the running water communicates with the swimming
pool via the water-supply valve controlled by the electric control case. The equipment is characterized
in excellent disposal effect, saving water resource and auto totally enclosed recycling treatment or the
lik
The utility model discloses an automatic water purification filling machine which comprises a plurality
of water filtration units, a water tank, a bottle cap supplying machine, a bottle capper, a flusher, an
ultraviolet disinfection arrangement, a circuit control device, and the utility model is characterized in
that the water tank is respectively connected with a plurality of water filtration units, a water outlet,
flushing opening of the flusher, front part of the machine is provided with two split transparent
faceplates, top inner portion of one transparent faceplate is provided with a water outlet, the bottle cap
supplying machine, the bottle capper, bottom is provided with a plurality of strip rollers and a dynamic
motor which drives roller rotating, bottom of the other transparent faceplate is provided with a flushing
opening, various arrangements are controlled by the circuit control device. The utility model is capable
of multi-stages automatic purification, preposition cleaning of tubs, filling and bottle capping, avoids
manual contact with bottle cap to achieve non-pollution and full purification and guarantee water
pureness. Moreover, the utility model has simple structure and small space and is widely applicable
for pure water processing factory, pure water shop, et

The utility model discloses a water fountain for scholastic commons, which comprises a shell, a load
voltage type electrically-heated water storage container of the inner of the shell and a cock which is
on the top of the container, wherein the inner of the shell is provided with a multiple-media water
clarifier and an ultraviolet sterilizer. The multiple-media water clarifier is provided with a water outlet
and a water inlet, and the ultraviolet sterilizer comprises an outer-shell and an ultraviolet lamp which
is covered in the ultraviolet sterilizer, wherein the water inlet of the ultraviolet sterilizer is connected
with the water inlet of the multiple-media water clarifier. The water outlet of the outer-shell is
connected with the cock of the body of the multiple-media water clarifier by a conduit, and the water
inlet of the multiple-media water clarifier is connected with the water pipe. The utility model has the
advantages that firstly tap water of water fountain must be passed into the multiple-media water
clarifier and the ultraviolet sterilizer and then be entered the load voltage type electrically-heated
water storage container, thereby harmful substance in water can be eliminated, and essential
microelement of human body can be reserved, and the water is more suitable for students to drink,
secondly top water in the pipe network which is filtered and sterilized becomes to purified water which
confirms to quality standard of drinking water which can be drinked in summer directly or in winter by
heating by the load voltage type electrically-heated water storage container, and no waste water is
discharged in the cleaned process, and energy can be save

The utility model relates to a specular reflection ultraviolet sterilizer, which comprises a barrel 8, a
specular layer 11, an end cover 7, a light tube fixed sealing board 2, a fixed supporter 5, a ultraviolet
germicidal lamp beam 10, a water inlet and outlet 3 and 6, as well as a control device; wherein, the
specular layer 11 is compounded on the surface of the inner wall of the barrel 8; the end cover 7 and
the light tube fixed sealing board 2 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the barrel 8; the fixed
supporter 5 of the light tube is arranged in the barrel 8 along the radial direction; ultraviolet germicidal
lamp beam 10 is arranged in the barrel 8 along the axial direction, and the two ends of the ultraviolet
germicidal lamp beam are respectively arranged on the light tube fixed sealing board 2 and the light
tube fixed supporter 5, connecting with the control device 1; the water inlet and outlet 3 and 4 are
arranged on the wall of the barrel 8. The utility model has the advantages of high quality of water
treatment, short time for sterilization and low sterilization consumptio

The utility model relates to a hyper-filtration water treatment device, which is a drinking water 1
purification device, and particularly relates to a drinking water purification device used for the deep
purification of the tap water for direct drinking. The utility model comprises a pressure charging pump
3, an active carbon filter 4, a secondary filter 5, a hyper-filtration device 7 and a product water tank 9;
in addition, an ozonizer 1 and an ozone mixer 2 is further comprised; wherein, the ozone output pipe
of the ozonizer 1 is connected into the ozone mixer 2; the water outlet of the ozone mixer 2 is
communicated with the water inlet of the pressure pump 3; the water outlet of the pressure charging
pump 3 is communicated with the water inlet of the active carbon filter 4; the water outlet of the active
carbon filter 4 is communicated with the water inlet of the secondary filter 5; the water outlet of the
secondary filter 5 is communicated with the water inlet of the hyper-filtration device 7; the water outlet
of the hyper-filtration device 7 is communicated with the product water tank 9. The utility model can
remove gems and microorganisms as well as the matter which is harmful to human body, deeply
purifying water, thereby, making the output water cleaner, purer and sweeter in tast
A multi-micro nutritional mineral spring device for preparation of drinking water, including a circular 1
shell; a water inlet is arranged on the top of the shell, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom. An
inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are communicated with the water inlet and the outlet respectively. A
mineralized filter bag is equipped in the shell, which is filled with a plurality of trace elements and
mineral substances; filter pads are arranged at both ends of the filter bag; valves are connected at the
inlet pipe or the outlet pipe. As the last stage of filtration, the utility model can prepare mineral water
that is rich in a plurality of trace elements and mineral substances that are helpful for people, and thus
improving the quality of drinking water greatl

The utility model provides a hollow fibrous film system filter which comprises a hollow fibrous film filter,
an activated carbon or high purity copper/zinc alloy device, and an ultraviolet light or catalytic
oxidation apparatus or system used for killing bacterium and viruses, wherein the system filter is
provided with a sealed housing; the hollow fibrous film filter, the activated carbon or the high purity
copper/zinc alloy device and the ultraviolet light or the catalytic oxidation apparatus or system are
combined in the system filter to form an integral operating unit; a raw water inlet, an infiltration water
inlet and a backwashing water outlet are arranged on the housing. The utility model is suitable for
families, enterprises, factories and other places where purified water is needed. The utility model has
the advantages of high efficiency, space saving and low cos

The utility model provides a water-filtering device in buildings, consisting of a main machine cabinet, a 1
wholly shielded waterproof and high-voltage electric cable, an iron-stick, a flexible transmission pipe,
a water tank and a grounded wire. The top part of the main machine cabinet is provided with a digital
electrostatic field voltmeter, the bottom part is connected with the grounded wire, and an ultra-high
voltage-producing component and an ozone generator are fixed inside the main machine cabinet. The
ultra-high voltage producting component is connected with respectively with the iron-stick and the
ozone generator by way of the wholly shielded waterproof and high-voltage electric cables. The ozone
generator consists of an ozone-generating bar and a shell, with the ozone-generating rod fixed with
the shell airtight and insulated. The ozone generator is provided with an inflating pump on the air inlet
pipe, while the air outlet pipe of the ozone generator is communicated with the water container in the
water tank by way of the flexible transmission pipe. The other output terminal of the ultra-high positive
anode of the output of the wholly shielded waterproof and high-voltage electric cable is fixedly
connected with the iron-stick. The water tank is made of metal, with a grounded wire connected to the
bottom. The utility model is capable of wiping out harmful microorganism, bacteria and algae, etc, and
is anti-scale, anti-corrosion and anti-rust. Besides, the utility model consumes little electricity and
saves energ

The utility model relates to a device to produce tap water through jointly utilizing the ultra-filtration and 1
circulating sand-filtration to process the surface water, which relates to the update of the device
structure to use surface water to produce tap water. A purifying tank (14) and an exiting water tank (5)
are fixed in parallel at the lower part of a frame (11), a water pump (3) is fixed in the middle of the
frame (11), an ultra-filtration membrane (1) is fixed at the upper part of frame (11), a sand filtering tube
(2) is fixed at the outer side of frame (11); the lower part of a suction pipe (7) is installed at the lower
part of the existing water tank (5), the upper end of the suction pipe (7) is connected with an inlet (a)
of the water pump (3), and an outlet (b) of the water pump (3) and an inlet (c) of the sand filtering tube
(2) are connected with a tube (10). The utility model adopts the ultra-filtration membrane (1) and the
sand filtering tube (2) for circulating filtration, the purified water is free of the poisonous by-product
and the pyrogen after sterilization. The utility model is provided with simple structure, small floor area
and high processing capacity and the tap water quality meet the national drinking water standar
The utility model discloses a nano water purifying and filtering machine and is characterized in that a 1
vital nano-granule filter, a reverse osmosis membrane filter, a lumpy active carbon front filter and a
granular active carbon filter are equipped on the nano water purifier; a water inlet pipe is equipped on
a first layer aggradation front filter; a water outlet pipe of the first layer aggradation front filter is
connected with a water inlet of a second layer lumpy active carbon front filter; a water outlet pipe of
the second layer lumpy active carbon front filter is connected with a water inlet of a third layer granular
active carbon filter; a water outlet pipe of the third layer granular active carbon filter is connected with
a water inlet of a fourth ion-bar filter of compound minicrystal granule; a water outlet pipe of the fourth
ion-bar filter of compound minicrystal granule is connected with a water inlet of a fifth active carbon
rear filter; a water outlet pipe of the fifth active carbon rear filter is connected with a water inlet of a
sixth layer vital nano-granule filter which is communicated with control layers among option switches;
one circuit exit of the option switch is connected with the switch, the other circuit exit thereof passes
through a seventh layer vital nano-granule filter and then is connected with the switch. The utility
model has no peculiar smell and can respectively supply purified water and filtered water by selecting
the switches, therefore, is suitable for governmental organs, schools, offices and familie

Electrocoagulation-integrated portable equipment for domestic water supply can provide domestic
water on condition that tap water and other sanitary water sources are unavailable, belonging to
technical field of sanitary water equipment and used for treating various surface water catchment to
meet sanitary standards for tap water and drinking water. The portal equipment comprises a
compound electrocoagulation part, a tilting box sedimentation filter part, a rough cleaning membrane,
a hollow membrane filter and ultraviolet sterilizer which are assembled into complete integrated
equipment. A tilting board sedimentation chamber is equipped in the middle of the tilting box body with
the obliquity of the tilting board of 60 degrees and is divided into an electrocoagulation chamber, a
sludge collecting tank, a water-cleaning tank, an electric control chamber. The tilting board is covered
with a wafer rough cleaning membrane thereon. A liquid level controller and an aeration strip are
respectively equipped inside and in the lower part of the electrocoagulation chamber. An aeration
pump is equipped inside the electric control chamber. A foam gas-collecting hood and an
electrothermal antifoamer are arranged in the upper part of the pole plate. An ultraviolet sterilizer and
a water pump are respectively equipped in the upper/lower part of the water-cleaning tank. The water
from the pump flows into the hollow membrane filter via a soft tube. The electric devices of the
equipment are concentratedly arranged inside the electric control chambe

The utility model discloses a scale-removing and water-purifying cyclic device for the swimming pool,
which is a water treatment device. One end of a pump P [1] of the device is inside a protective case
(6), while the other end leads to a scale removal case (3); the scale removal case (3) is connected to
an ultraviolet sterilization groove (4) by a pipe; the other end of the ultraviolet sterilization groove (4) is
connected to a pump [2]; the pipe of the other end of the pump is divided into two parts, separately
leading to a water-curtain pipe (2) of the shallow zone of the swimming pool (8) and the jetteau of the
deep zone of the swimming pool (9). The utility model is characterized in simple structure, easy
installation, significantly scale removing effect, low cost, floating matters removal in the swimming
pool, germ killing, water oxygen increasing, water activity improving, active water generation in the
swimming pool, swimming fun increasing and easy management of the devic

The utility model relates to a water drinking fountain stand which can output the portable water with
different temperatures at the same time, and is a public water drinking instrument, which comprises a
water drinking fountain stand, a direct drinking water source pipe, a heating water tank, a water mixer,
an water output tap which can respectively output the cold water, hot water and warm water, a flow
regulating valve controlling the hot water, a flow regulating valve controlling the cold water, a
ultraviolet sterilizer, a water treatment device and so on. Wherein, the heating water tank is built in the
water drinking fountain stand; a water outlet tap whose water outlet pipe is directly connected with the
hot water is arranged at the top of the heating water tank; the hot water pipe at the upper end of the
heating water tank is connected with the hot water flow control valve and then connected with the
water mixer on the warm water outlet pipe; the water outlet pipe is connected with the warm water
outlet tap on the upper end of the water mixer; the water inlet pipes at the bottom of the heating water
tank and the water mixer are respectively connected with the flow control valve and then connected
with the drinking water source pipe, which is directly connected with the cold water outlet tap. The
utility model has the advantages of the simple structure, less components, outputting the drinking
water with three temperatures, suitability for all the direct water drinking fountain stand. The utility
model can be used as a water drinking machine at the public places and the working place
The utility model relates to a movable multifunctional steam micro-water sterilization cleaning machine 1
for automobile, which is characterized in that: an air compressor is connected with a high-pressure air
tank; the high-pressure air tank is connected with a pressure vessel storage tank; the fan-out of the air
channel of the pressure vessel storage tank is connected with an adjustable ternary catalytic
converter; the adjustable ternary catalytic converter is communicated with a water pipe which is
arranged under the pressure vessel storage tank; the infall of the adjustable ternary catalytic
converter is communicated with a current chamber; a filter screen is fixed at the upper part of the
current chamber; a heat energy air-water atomization room is arranged at the top of the filter screen;
a high-pressure air intake is communicated with the heat energy air-water atomization room; an
output tube of the heat energy air-water atomization room is connected with a spray gun. The utility
model makes use of atomization principle to obtain an atomizing effect; the simple equipment can get
rid of the troubles brought about by the unnecessary configurations so as to arrive at the purposes of
such as environmental protection; water-saving; energy saving; high pressure; time saving and
convenient operatio

The utility model relates to a hot and cold water fountain which can connect and purify running water, 1
comprising a housing, a first filter, a fine filter, a precise filter, an ultra filter, a water feeding
electromagnetic valve, a pressure-reducing and anti-overflow valve, a heating tank, a heating
temperature controller, a dry-burning resistant temperature controller, an ice box assembly, a switch, a
conductor, a tube, a plurality of screws and other members, wherein, the water passing through the
first filter, the fine filter, the precise filter and the ultra filter is processed by a three-grade or four-grade
filtration and purification; a water receiver is provided to push a leading push rod driving the control
valve of the water feeding valve to protect the elements of the water fountain from being pressed by
the running water continuously and prolong the service life of the elements; the pressure reducing and
anti-overflow valve can reduce the pressure caused by the expanded water in the heating tank when
heated effectively; the hot water can not overflow, which is safe and reliable; the water fountain has
multifunction. The utility model has the advantages of proper design, simple structure, and light shape
comprising a vertical type, a wall-positioned type, a desktop type and a fountain type. In addition, the
utility model is easy to position, easy to use, easy to wash, sanitary, power-saving, completely sealed,
and no secondary pollution, and comprises a constant temperature type, a heating type and a cooling
type. The water quality is better than the standard of the sanitary drinking water prescribed by the
countr

The utility model belongs to a drinking water purification device for daily life, which comprises a main
filter cartridge with a filter liner, a cleaning structure of the filter liner and a sewage disposal
electromagnetic valve, a motor, an auxiliary filer cartridge filled with the activate carbon, an ultraviolet
sterilization water cavity and a lamp of the water cavity, an inlet valve, an outlet valve, a flow switch,
an inlet electromagnetic valve, a microcomputer automatic control device, a low voltage switch and
other members. With the cleaning structure driven by the motor and the ultraviolet sterilization
treatment to the secondary treated water, the utility model has the advantages of good purifying effect,
stable water quality up to the standard of directly drinking water, the cleaning of the filter liner with
fixed time and strength, which is highly automatic, stable and reliable, effectively prevents the
explosion of the liner and other advantages. The utility model overcomes the disadvantages that the
cleaning of the filter liner is greatly influenced by the water pressure and the operation mode, the
stability is poor, the water quality is hardly up to the standard of directly drinking water of the
background technique and other disadvantage

The utility model discloses an ultra-filtration water dissolved-oxygen machine, comprising a dissolved- 1
oxygen filter equipment and an oxygen supply equipment. The dissolved-oxygen filter equipment
comprises a tube body, a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet and a plurality of U-shaped capillary
filter tubes in the tube body; wherein, a plurality of breathable micropores are arranged on the wall of
each capillary filter tube; both ends of every capillary filter tube and both ends of adjacent capillary
filter tubes are connected with the water inlet after converging; the air inlet is connected with the
oxygen supply equipment. Due to the plurality of U-shaped capillary filter tubes in the tube body of the
dissolved-oxygen filter equipment and the breathable micropores on the wall of every capillary filter
tube which only allow water molecules and microelements to pass through, the water forms purified
water with rich microelements after exuding from the breathable micropores through every capillary
filter tube, and meanwhile, the purified water with high content of dissolved oxygen is formed by the
mixture of pure oxygen in the oxygen supply equipment and the purified water, and then effuses from
the water outlet of the dissolved-oxygen filter equipment for people to drin
The utility model belongs to the technical field of water-treating devices, which particularly relates to a 1
water-treating device that can remove micro particles of which the diameters are smaller than 0.5
micrometer and micro organisms in water, such as bacteria, bio cytocysts, etc. The water-treating
device of the utility model orderly comprises a bag type filter, a water pump, three sediment filters
connected with each other in series, an activated carbon filter, an ultraviolet-sterilizing device and an
electronic inducting and monitoring device. The sediment filters are orderly polypropylene filter
columns of which the filtering hole diameters are from 75 micrometers to 25 micrometers, from 50
micrometers to 5 micrometers, and from 25 micrometers to 1 micrometer. The activated carbon filter is
a ceramic active carbon filtrating column of which the hole diameter is 0.5 micrometer. The utility
model has the advantages of reasonable structure, high treating efficiency, low sterilization cost and
secure use. Particles of 0.5 micrometer can be remove

The utility model relates to a device for preparing water from air, which comprises a condenser used 1
for condensing water prepared from air, and a primary water tank which is arranged below the
condenser. The utility model is characterized in that an activated carbon odor absorbing layer is
arranged on the pipeline between the condenser and the primary water tank. After the water in the
primary water tank is pumped to a water flow pipeline by a water-pumping pressurizing pump, the
water passes through an activated carbon filter firstly, then the water passes through a reverse
osmosis filter or an ultra-filter, finally, the water is sent to an ultimate water tank. The utility model is
convenient for users to make sterile and tasteless pure water, so the utility model is favorable for body
heath of peopl

A special filter for tap water comprises a filtering core group, transmission pipes, an ozone mixer, a
carburetor, a ultraviolet radiation device and an ozone generator; the filtering core group can firstly
purify water, and then the ozone produced by the ozone generator connected with the transmission
pipes is sent into the transmission pipes along with water flow, and the ozone and the water are mixed
to form ozone water through the ozone mixer to sterilize and detoxify water, and then the water is sent
to the carburetor for filtering and purifying; finally the water is sent to the ultraviolet radiation device for
processing the remained toxin, so axenic and pure ozone water is outpu

A photocatalyst water quality purifying device is provided. A diffuser is provided on the outer edge of
the device and an ultraviolet tube is provided inside; a photocatalyst thin film is fixed on the periphery
of the diffuser and is waterproof sealing processed by silicon gel at the power end. The device or tube
is put in water to produce the effect of bacteriostasis and killing bacteria in water. Air supply can be
added in the device to assist the activation of the photocatalyst. The utility model has the good
function of purifying water qualit

The utility model discloses a big barrel of water clean keeping cover, which is a cover of barrel shape
with size slightly larger than that of the big barrel. One end of the cover of barrel shape is opened and
the other end is closed. An ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and a start switch device are provided on the
cover. Because the clean keeping cover can cover out of the big barrel of water, the outer wall of the
barrel and the joint of the water dispenser are kept clean. The provided ultraviolet sterilizing lamp can
start sterilization randomly and keep the quality of the big barrel of wate

The utility model relates to an improved sterilization and improvement lamp for the aquatic animals,
which is an improved lamp that not only has the ultraviolet rays sterilization function and can extend
the service life of the ultraviolet ray sterilization light tube, but also has the function to improve quality
of the purified water. The utility model mainly is characterized in that an air inlet tube joint is provided
to one side of an I-type ultraviolet ray sterilizing light tube rear mantle; an air pump is provided; one
side of the front mantle cover is provided with a check valve and a conduit is used to inject the air in
the bent head inserted onto the check valve into the joint; or one side of a H-type ultraviolet ray
ultraviolet ray sterilizing light tube rear mantle is provided with an air inlet joint to arrange the air pump
and the other side is provided with an air outlet joint; the air injection joint on the water inlet joint is
provided with a check valve; a conduit is used to connect the check valve and the air outlet joint; and
the air inlet conduit joint comprises a regulating device to adjust the amount of the injected ai
The utility model discloses an ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp for a low-pressure waster flow.
The ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp of the pipe waster flow which is commonly used in the past
is often used in the high-pressure waster flow. As the ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp is a
complex structure, the ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp is generally only used in the large-scale
water treatment equipment but is difficult to be widely used in the simple and small water purifier
equipment or drinking water machine. The utility model comprises an ultraviolet lamp tube and a
quartz glass tube outside the ultraviolet lamp tube. The ultraviolet lamp tube and the quartz glass tube
are arranged in a cylinder on which an inlet and an outlet are arranged. The ultraviolet lamp tube and
two ends of the cylinder are fixed by means of a rubber or plastic fixing seat. The utility model is
simple and compact in structure and low in production cost and can be widely applied to the cylinder
water purifier or the ordinary drinking water machine with the low-pressure water flo

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet ray sterilization device for a water storage bucket, which is
used for the drinking devices such as drinking machines, water purifying machines and direct drinking
machines, etc. The utility model comprises an ultraviolet lamp and a quartz glass tube, wherein the
ultraviolet lamp is sealed in the quartz glass tube, has the advantage of simple structure, and is
matched with the drinking devices such as the drinking machines, the water purifying machines, the
direct drinking machines, etc. to sterilize bacteria in the water storage bucket. The ultraviolet lamp is
prevented from directly contacting with water by the quartz glass tube to perform the function of safety
protection, and the ultraviolet rays can also penetrate the quartz glass tube to kill the bacteri

The utility model relates to a tap water treating device, in particular to an intermittent recoil type pure 1
water processor at the terminal of the tap water pipe network, comprising a filter shell, an activated
charcoal filter structure body hitched in the filter shell, a roll type ultra filtration membrane component,
a front end cover with a water outlet hole and a back end cover with a water inlet hole. The front end
cover outlet hole is communicated with a penetrant fluid catchment pipe in the roll type ultra filtration
membrane component. The other end of the catchment pipe is sealed. One end of the recoil pipe in
the recoil type sewage mechanism is communicated with a diverging mouth and the other end of the
recoil pipe is communicated with a ring cavity outside the water outlet hole of the front end cover. The
ring cavity is communicated with the roll type ultra filtration membrane component in the inner cavity
of the shell front end. The sewage mechanism is provided with a drainage hole communicated with
the activated charcoal filter structure body in the inner cavity of the shell back end. The utility model
has good filtration effect, simple counter-flushing structure, convenient operation and broad
application range and can match with various pipes, thereby obtaining a better society and economic
benefit after promotio

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet ray sterilizing device which comprises a disinfecting cavity, an
ultraviolet light fixture, and a cleaning device. Two water inlets and a water outlet are provided on the
disinfecting cavity. The cleaning device comprises a cleaning fluid ejecting pipe and a cleaning fluid
feeding device. Cleaning fluid ejecting holes are distributed on the ejecting pipe. The cleaning fluid is
ejected to the surface of the lamp tube and the inner surface of the disinfecting cavity through the
ejecting holes. The effect of cleaning the surface of the lamp tube and the inner surface of the
disinfecting cavity is obtained through the scouring and the chemical action of the cleaning fluid. The
utility model can be widely applied to the disinfection of the fluid such as the tap water, the beverage,
the physic liquor, et

The utility model discloses a water purifier, mainly comprising a water inlet. The water inlet is 1
communicated with the inner cavity of a fine filter housing through a pipe, an ala coulomb thread filter
core is arranged in the inner cavity of the fine filter housing, and the outer wall of the ala coulomb
thread filter core is covered with a carbon cloth. The delivery outlet of the ala coulomb thread filter
core is communicated with the inner cavity of the sterilizing body through a pipe. The inner cavity of
the sterilizing body is provided with a hyaline tube provided with an ultraviolet tube, the hyaline tube
and the inner cavity of the sterilizing body are mutual sealed, and a water outlet is installed on the
side wall of the sterilizing body. The water purifier can remove the suspended matter, the organic
impurity, the pigment, and the micro organism from the water, kill the bacteria effectively, reserve the
microelement in the water, and produce the ideal drinking wate
The utility model discloses an automatic regenerated water softening treatment device for household, 1
comprising a base(1), a casing (2), a center guiding pipe (3), a circle floating softening bed(4), a
bottom meshwork(5), a raw water inlet tube(6) and a softening water outlet pipe (7). The utility model
is characterized in that closing joint is realized between the base (1) and the casing (2), an active
upper cover (8) is arranged on the upper end of the casing (2), the loading closing joint can be
realized between the active upper cover (8) and the casing by a sealing ring (9). The device is of
strong water softening capacity, high efficiency, small ground occupying, convenient operation and
convenient and easy regenerated treatment, the replacement of a cation exchange resin can be
carried out only by opening the active upper cover (8), which cannot cause content leakage. The
automatic regenerated water softening treatment device for household is provided with a circle water
distribution device(10) which can make water flow be of even distribution and improve production
efficiency; the utility model is provided with an active carbon filter box (11) which can remove vestigial
chlorin and micro organic matter and bad smel

The utility model discloses a medium and small size integral reverse osmosis sea water desalination 1
device. The utility model comprises a raw material water pump, a filter, an ultrafiltration membrane
unit, a high pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane unit, wherein, the components are
sequentially connected by water pipes to form a sea water desalination pipeline. The water pipe
between the filter and the ultrafiltration membrane unit is also connected with an ultrafiltration flushing
water tank through an ultrafiltration flushing water pump. The water pipe between the high pressure
pump and the reverse osmosis membrane unit 10 is connected with a booster pump, and is
connected with a reverse osmosis flushing water tank through a reverse osmosis flushing pump. The
booster pump is also connected with an energy recycling device which is also connected with the
reverse osmosis membrane unit, a dense water discharge port and the water pipe which is arranged
between the ultrafiltration membrane unit and the high pressure pump. The filter and the ultrafiltration
membrane unit are also connected with the dense water discharge port. All the equipment or the
components are fixed in a container except the raw material water pump. The utility model can be
used for the places with inconvenience for the construction of factory buildings, such as remote
regions, islands, etc., so that the problem of supplying fresh water can be solve

The utility model discloses a pond water quality treating machine, relating to the equipment for the
water quality treatment of the seawater or fresh water pond cultivation. The pond water quality treating
machine comprises an outer shell (1), a water supply pump (21), a water discharge pump (9), filtering
devices (4), an ultraviolet lamp (16), a buoy contacting switch (18), a negative ion generator (7), a
two-position triple valve (8), a lower isolating plate (12), an upper isolating plate (11), pipelines, etc.
The interior of the outer shell (1) is provided with two layers of isolating plates, and the center
positions of the lower isolating plate (12) and the upper isolating plate (11) are provided with filtering
devices (4). The pool water after the filtration treatment flows into the bottommost water tank (13) of
the outer shell (1); after the ultraviolet lamp (16) which is arranged on the bottom part of the water
tank carries out the proper illumination and sterilization, the water from a water discharge pipeline (5)
arranged on the side face of the water tank enters into the water discharge pump (9) through the two-
position triple valve (8). Then the water from the pipeline (5) on the pump is discharged into the
negative ion generator (7) through the triple valve (8) on the upper part of the pump and sprayed out
from a spraying head (6) in the mist shape; after the complete contact with the air, the water is
discharged into the pond. The utility model replaces the automatic aerator and provides guarantee for
the green aquacultur

The utility model discloses an atomization water treatment device, comprising the connection of a high 1
pressure pump (2) and atomization spray head (1) in turn through the pipelines; a film filter (9)
adopting membrane method liquid separation technology is connected with the front of the high
pressure pump (2) or arranged and connected between the high pressure pump (2) and the spray
head (1) through the pipelines. The film filter (9) is microwave membrane assembly, ultrafiltration
membrane assembly, nano filtration membrane assembly or reverse osmosis membrane assembly.
The atomization water treatment device adopting the structure can stop the microorganism of
bacteria, virus, etc. or other easy aggregating coagulate material passing; the harmful component to
the human body doesn't be contained by the aerosol particles; the clogging of the nozzle caused by
the aggregating and the condensation of the material doesn't happe
Disclosed is the water-treatment apparatus, comprising a raw water pump and a filtering apparatus. 1
The raw water from the tap water pipeline enters the raw water pump, and the raw water pump pumps
the raw water into the filtering apparatus through a water pipe to generate pure water. The filtering
apparatus is composed of a precise filter ordinally connected in series by water pipes, an activated
carbon filter, a safety filter, a booster pump and nano-filtration film components. A raw water tank can
be arranged between the tap water pipeline and the raw water pump, a pure water tank and a water
supply pump can also be arranged at the pure water outlet of the nano-filtration film components, and
an immersed ultraviolet sterilizer can be installed in the pure water tank. A circular water supply pipe
network can be connected in series with the ultraviolet sterilizer, and the water outlet of the water
supply pump can be re-connected with the circular water supply pipe network through a terminal filter.
The pure water circularly flows in the circular water supply pipe network to supply water under the
action of the water supply pump. The utility model can maximally remove the harmful substance and
reserve the beneficial mineral substance and microelement in the water to ensure the sanitation and
safety of the water generate

The utility model discloses a centrifugal water saving device used with pure water production 1
equipment, comprising a main water making machine of reverse osmosis, and a waste water
processor. The main water making machine of reverse osmosis is provided with a water inlet, a pure
water outlet and a waste water outlet. The waste water processor is provided with an outer cylinder. A
support is arranged and communicated between the upper section and the lower section of the outer
cylinder. A filter cylinder is arranged in the upper section of the outer cylinder; a center hole is
arranged on the upper end plate of the outer cylinder; a rotating shaft is arranged in the center hole.
The lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the center of the upper end plate of the
filter cylinder; the upper end is connected with a power mechanism. The lower end plate of the filter
cylinder is also provided with a center hole in which a hollow shaft is arranged. The hollow shaft is
movably matched with the center hole in a sealing form. The upper end of the hollow shaft is
positioned in the filter cylinder, and the lower end is communicated with the water inlet of the main
water making machine of reverse osmosis. The outer cylinder is provided with the tap water inlet and
the waste water inlet which is communicated with the waste water outlet of the main water making
machine of reverse osmosis. The bottom of the lower section of the outer cylinder is provided with a
sewage draining outlet. The centrifugal water saving device is used to produce pure water, saving
production cost and water resourc

The utility model discloses a purified and mineralized direct water drinking machine which is 1
characterized in that corresponding positions of the inner side surface of a machine casing 11 of the
direct water drinking machine are orderly fixed with a microfilter 2, a nanofilter 4 and a mineralized
device 6, wherein a filter core is arranged in a filter barrel of the microfilter 2. A nano-grade filter film is
arranged in a filter barrel of the nanofilter 4. Mineral filler material is arranged in a barrel of the
mineralized device 6. The lower end of the microfilter 2 is connected with a running water pipe 1, and
the upper end of the microfilter 2 is connected with a primary communicating pipe 3 of water flow. The
other end of the primary communicating pipe is connected with the upper end of the nanofilter 4. The
upper side surface of the nanofilter 4 is connected with a secondary communicating pipe 5 of water
flow. The other end of the secondary communicating pipe is connected with the upper end of the
mineralized device 6. The lower end of the nanofilter 4 and the lower end of the mineralized device 6
are respectively connected with a cleaning water outlet pipe 7 and a drinking water outlet pipe 9 which
are respectively provided with valves 8, 10. When a running water tap is turned on, clean direct
drinking water which is full of nutrition and is beneficial to a human body after drinking is obtained
after harmful substance in the water is filtered by the microfilter and the nanofilter, and the water is
mineralized by the mineralized devic
The utility model provides a whole-enclosed self-water-supplying timing cleaning and pollution- 1
discharging vertical water filter, essentially comprises a storage box 1, a waste water container 2, a
self water supply tank 5, a demineralized water tank 9, a micro computer control board 20, and a
bistable three-way magnetic valve 26. The utility model is characterized in that: A. the upper part of
the container 3 is provided with the self water supply tank 5 whose water outlet 7 is connected with
the water ingress end of a PPF filter element 19; the waste water escapement of an RO reverse
osmosis membrane 16 is connected with the water ingress pipe connection of the bistable three-way
magnetic valve 26; the two discharging pipe connections of the bistable three-way magnetic valve 26
are respectively connected with the water ingress end of the PPF filter element 19 and the inlet of the
waste water container 2; B. the waste water container 2 is positioned between the storage box 1 and
a baffle 11 in the container 3. The utility model avoids the waste of water resource and accomplishes
the re-use of waste water, and can finish self-timing clean-up and pollution discharge by the control of
micro computer boar

The utility model discloses a sea water desalination ship, which comprises a hull and a sea water 1
desalination device arranged on the hull. The sea water desalination device is composed of the
sequential connection of a raw material water pump, a centrifugal separating device, an ultra-filter, a
high pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane pile by connecting water pipes, wherein, the
centrifugal separating device is provided with a granular silt discharge outlet, the ultra-filter is provided
with a filter discharge outlet, and a reverse osmosis membrane is provided with a water outlet for
products, a water discharge outlet for disqualified products, and a dense water discharge outlet. An
energy recycling device and a booster pump are arranged between a water inlet pipe and a water
outlet pipe of the high pressure pump, wherein, the ultra filtering water inlet of the energy recycling
device is connected with the water inlet pipe of the high pressure pump, the ultra filtering water inlet
and the ultra filtering water outlet of the energy recycling device are connected with the water inlet
pipe of the booster pump, and the water outlet pipe of the booster pump is connected with the water
outlet pipe of the high pressure pump. The sea water desalination ship of the utility model can freely
move among islands, and can provide water for the islands with demand at any time. Each island is
not required to be provided with a set of devices, and accordingly, the investment is greatly saved. A
group of stuff for operation and maintenance provided along with the ship is enough, so that human
resources can be save

The utility model relates to a primary salt water purifying device for production of ion film caustic soda, 1
belonging to a refining and purifying device for salt water. The upper part of a vacuum desulfurizing
tower is connected with a low salt water inlet pipe. The vacuum desulfurizing tower is connected with
a safety filter through an activated carbon filter. The outlet end of the safety filter is connected with a
sodium sulfate separator through a nanometer filtration membrane filter. The outlet end of the
nanometer filtration membrane filter is connected with a salt dissolving tank. The outlet end of the salt
dissolving tank is connected with a front reaction tank. The front reaction tank is connected with the
upper end of a pressurize dissolved air tank through a steam-water mixer. The lower end of the
pressurize dissolved air tank is connected with a floating clarification tank via a venturi mixer. The
upper part of the floating clarification tank is connected with a micro-filtration membrane filter through
a back reaction tank. The upper part of the micro-filtration membrane filter is connected with a refined
salt water outlet pipe. The refined saline water produced by the salt water purifying device with a small
ground occupation has high quality and good stability. No new foreign matter is taken in the refined
process. The running cost and the sewage quantity are low, so the utility model is favourable for
protecting environmen
The utility model provides an ultra-filtration water purifier. The water put into the water purifier through 1
adsorption, filtering and sterilizing by a filter core body and an ultra-filtration core body can flow out for
drinking directly. The ultra-filtration water purifier also can match with a water drinking machine to be
used. The filtering and purifying device comprises a filter core cap fixed in the upper barrel body, a
filter core body in the middle ring, and an ultra-filtration core body arranged in the lower barrel body.
The filter core cap, the filter core body and the ultra-filtration core body are connected. The ultra-
filtration core body is composed of an ultra-filtration core with a sealed ring, an ultra-filtration seat, a
sterilizing lamp, filter material, and a float switch. A power supply connecting socket, a control board
for electrical appliance, and a booster pump are fixed in the middle ring body. A water inlet of the
booster pump is connected with the filter core body, and a water outlet is connected with an ultra-
filtration core body. The ultra-filtration membrane of high water penetration, high filterability and good
filtration effect is adopted as the ultra-filtration core for filtering. The booster pump is adopted to press
the filtering water into the ultra-filtration membrane, and thus, the ultra-filtration is not easy to be
blocked and the water output is stable. The utility model is a high-grade water purifier whose
operating process is controlled by electric and has the advantages of convenient using and long
service lif

The utility model discloses an automatic water treating system for an ornamental fishpond. The
structure of the automatic water treating system for an ornamental fishpond is characterized in that
the utility model comprises a water circulation device, an inverse filter flushing device and an
automatic control device; the water circulation device comprises a filter box (1), an ultraviolet source
(5) and a circulating water outlet pipe (3); the inverse filter flushing device comprises an inverse filter
pump (11) and an inverse filter water inlet pipe (12); the automatic control device comprises a water
level sensor (26) and a control circuit; the water outlet of the filter box (1) through a reversing valve is
separately connected with the circulating water outlet pipe (3) and the inverse filter water inlet pipe
(12) and through the reversing valve a water outlet (9) is selectively communicated with the circulating
water outlet pipe (3) or the inverse filter water inlet pipe (12); the signal output terminal of the water
level sensor (26) is connected with the input terminal of the control circuit; the control circuit controls
the work of the water circulation device and the inverse filter flushing device. The utility model can
automatically flush the filth in the filter box so as to avoid the trouble of manual fishpond cleaning and
the survival rate of the fish is greatly increased. The utility model is an ideal system for the ornamental
fishpon

The utility model discloses a central water purifier, comprising a housing with an opening on the top, a 1
multi-way controlling valve with an inlet and an outlet arranged on the opening, and a purifying
filtration processor arranged in the housing. The utility model is characterized in that the purifying
filtration processor is composed of a micro-filtration device, a sand filtration device and a carbon
filtration device. The central water purifier adopts the structure of the combination of the micro-
filtration, the sand filtration and the carbon filtration in the housing, making the water purifier have
small volume, small space occupied and beautiful appearance. Tap water flows into the housing
through the water inlet pipe of the multi-way controlling valve in the course of the purification. The
organics and the residual chlorines are absorbed via the carbon filtration device first, and then, after
the purification via the sand filter device, the tap water flows into the micro-filtration device through the
filter screen. After removing the harmful materials such as the organics and the microbe, etc, via the
micro-filtration, the tap water flows out through the water outlet, making the water treated high grade,
clean, healthy and safe. Simultaneously, the micro-filtration device is composed of a filter element
housing in which a filter screen is provided and a micro-filtration filter element, and a water inlet
opening is arranged near the lower part of the housing at the lower end of the filter element housing,
which can conveniently replace the filter element and improve the water outlet flow of the water purifie

The utility model discloses a water purifying process device with removing micro pollution function, 1
comprising a medicine feeding and mixing system, a water intake region, a reacting region, a settle
region, and a filtering area. The water purifying process device with removing micro pollution function
is formed by a steel plate or a rigid plastic plate, and a water flow mixing pipe, a flap sloping plate, and
a two-layer filter formed by the bioactive filter material and the grit particles filter material are arranged
in the utility model. The utility model not only has the conventional physicochemical water purifying
function but also has the biodegradation processing function, and has a good removal effect on the
micro pollution such as the small molecule organics, the ammonia-nitrogen and the nitrous nitrogen in
raw water, providing a raw water purifying process device with economy, safety, high efficiency and
high quality for the user
The utility model relates to a nano-membrane separation device for removing sulphate in brine and 1
relates to a device which is used to remove SO4 in the chlorine-alkali chemical industry and to
remove caldo and nitrate in the refined salt industry. The outlet end of a high pressure pump is
connected in series with at least one section of processing system. The original liquid inlet end of a
section nano-membrane component is connected with the outlet of a base section circulating pump.
The filter outlet end of the section nano-membrane component is connected with a filtrate exhaust
pipeline. A section concentrated solution main pipe is connected with the concentrated solution outlet
end of the section nano-membrane component. The other end of the section concentrated solution
main pipe is respectively connected with a section circulating pipeline and a section concentrated
solution delivery pipeline. The other end of the section circulating pipeline is connected with the inlet
end of the base circulating pump. The section concentrated solution delivery pipeline is connected
with a concentrated solution exhaust pipeline or the section circulating pump of the next section
processing system. With the increasing of the concentration of Na2 SO4 in the concentrated solution,
the pressureof the inlet feed liquid of an inlet membrane assembly is also increased. The adjusting of
each section of through circulating content can control an agreeable membrane flowing rate. The
concentration of each feed liquid can be controlled in a stated range. The number of membrane cores
of the nano-membrane which is connected in series is reduce

The utility model belongs to a water purifying and circular treatment device for a bathing pool and a
swimming pool in the water purifying field. The water purifying and circular treatment device for the
bathing pool and the swimming pool is mainly characterized in that a water inlet pipe is connected
with a concrete reaction tank connected with a centrifugal drainage machine; the centrifugal drainage
machine is connected with a full-automatic ultrafilter group which is connected with a reverse osmosis
filter group fixedly arranged on the bracket in a housing; the water outlet of the reverse osmosis filter
group is connected with an active carbon filter, and the water outlet of the active carbon filter is
connected with an ultraviolet sterilizer. The utility model has simple structure and good effects of
disinfection and filtering; various filtering devices are optimized and scientific configuration; the water
purifying and circular treatment device for the bathing pool and the swimming pool is a required water-
saving device for bathing trade and the swimming pool, and the utility model creates condition for
development of the bathing trade and the swimming trad

The utility model relates to a purification apparatus for high-quality direct drinking water by advanced 1
treatment of drinking water, which is composed of a pressure automatic water-compensating
apparatus, a precise filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening water filter, a safety filter, a nano-
filtration apparatus, booster pumps, a water supply pump, a regulating water tank and pipelines. The
purification apparatus for high-quality direct drinking water is an integrated cabinet with all parts
assembled in the cabinet and is connected by an inlet booster pump, the automatic water-
compensating apparatus, the precise filter and the activated carbon filter in series. One end of the
water softening apparatus is connected in parallel with the activated carbon filter and a salt can, and
the other end is connected in series with a mid booster pump, the safety filter, the nano-filtration
device, an ultraviolet ray sterilizing device, a water storage tank and the high-pressure water supply
pump. The safety filter and the nano-filtration are added in the filtration system to overcome the
insufficiency of original drinking water advanced treatment apparatus and the organic matter in the
water can be effectively removed through film filtering. The softening water filter is used to replace a
magnetizer for effectively reducing the hardness of the water, which makes the quality of the yielding
water come up to the CJ94-1999 drinking water purification quality standar

The utility model relates to a water filter with improved structure, comprising a filter element barrel and 1
a cover body. A head is arranged at the upper end of the filter element barrel and is provided with a
circular slot at the near periphery of the top of a circular disc body. The center of the top of the circular
disc body is provided with one or two scalariform sleeved sections, and the periphery of the big
diameter grade of the sleeved section is provided with two opposing cross U-shaped buckled convex
ribs. A sleeved slot and two locking holes are arranged at the bottom of the cover body, and the
periphery of the lower section of the cover body is provided with two clamp holes which are
communicated with the sleeved slot. A clamp sheet is respectively formed in two clamp holes,
therefore, the cover body can be simply sleeved on a fixing sheet to be locked and fixed. The sleeved
section at the head of the filter element barrel and the sleeved slot of the cover body can be united
and can rotate to form the steady and bucked positio
The utility model discloses an ultravoilet sterilizing magnetized water purifier. The ultravoilet sterilizing
magnetized water purifier is characterized in that the ultravoilet sterilizing magnetized water purifier
comprises an ultraviolet sterilizing filter tank, a sewerage storage filter tank, a water pump, and a
water storage tank; the ultraviolet sterilizing filter tank is provided with a tap water interface, a drinking
water outlet, a sewerage inlet, and a purified sewerage outlet; the sewerage outlet of the sewerage
storage filter tank is connected with the sewerage inlet through the water pump; the purified sewerage
outlet is connected with the inlet of the water storage tank which is provided with a water outlet for a
laundry and a water outlet for a toilet seat. The utility model has two functions: firstly, the ultravoilet
sterilizing magnetized water purifier conducts purification and sterilization by using the sterilizing and
the magnetisation of the ultraviolet, the drinking water standard can be directly achieved through
forcible filtering, and the function is particularly suitable for the self-manage water supply system in a
village to use; secondly, various one-time water can be obtained and reused after being sterilized and
filtered, the purpose of the water saving is achieved, and the water saving effect is superior to that of
the existing water-saving devic

The utility model relates to an anti-clogging, small pressure wear and wear proof flowmeter of heat 1
energy gauge. The build-in structure of the anti-clogging, small pressure wear and wear proof
flowmeter of heat energy gauge is mainly provided with an anti-clogging pressure reducing camber
component with a clean water inlet and a centrifuging parabolic type function. The anti-clogging
pressure reducing camber component and the shell of the flowmeter compose two semi-circle
cavities. A blade wheel yielding water exit cavity is arranged in the two semi-circle cavities. The blade
wheel yielding water exit cavity is provided with a blade wheel cavity. The two semi-circle cavities are
connected with the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the anti-clogging, small pressure wear
and wear proof flowmeter of heat energy gauge; the two semi-circle cavities are also connected with
the blade wheel cavity; a main stream and a secondary stream are respectively composed. Medium to
be measured enters the anti-clogging, small pressure wear and wear proof flowmeter of heat energy
gauge through the water inlet end. A diverting stream line divides the medium into two streams which
respectively simultaneously enter the two semi-circle cavities. Foreign substance in the medium drops
off the anti-clogging, small pressure wear and wear proof flowmeter of heat energy gauge following
the main stream at the parabolic type camber when foreign substance is passing the filtering net
which is 90 DEG C angular with the main stream and has the function of micro compensation. The
clean medium with the foreign substance parabolic type processed enters the blade wheel cavity with
the secondary stream. The secondary stream impels the blade wheel to rotate. Finally, all the flow
pulse signals of the medium to be measured are outputte

The utility model relates to a water purifier, in particular to an integrated automatic-flushing 1

ultrafiltration water purifier. The filter core of the existing water purifier mainly adopts polyethersulfone
hollow membrane material, various materials for removing the peculiar smell cannot be combined in
the limit space, and the flux of the water filter is limited. The utility model adopts the technique of the
PVC hollow internal pressure type capillary pipe ultrafiltration membrane and achieves the integration
of the filtering. The integrated automatic-flushing ultrafiltration water purifier comprises an inner
cylinder, an outer cylinder, and end covers on both ends; each end cover is provided with a water inlet
pipe; the inner and the outer cylinders are both provided with a water purifying outlet; the interior of
the inner cylinder is provided with a hollow fiber filter core; an active carbon layer is arranged between
the inner and the outer cylinders. The utility model has simple structure; as the filter layer is integrated
in a unit, the filtering divided into two parts in prior art is cancelled; the integrated automatic-flushing
ultrafiltration water purifier is time-saving and reduces the cost, and the obtained pure water conforms
to the requirement

The utility model relates to a plasma drinking water purifier which utilizes the contact of glow to
discharge electricity. A water tank of the purifier is provided with a cathode 2, an anode 3 and a
voltage stabilizing and current stabilizing device 4, high-energy active material such as OH in plasma
generated by electric discharge by contacting glow can degrade nearly all organic pollutants into
carbon dioxide and water, can generate a large quantity of ultraviolet rays and shock waves with the
plasma simultaneously, and has a strong broad-spectrum sterilization property; under the condition
that chlorine is not used, stored water can be sterilized and purified to inhibit the propagation of
bacteria, and various toxic organic pollutants in running water are purified; thus, the quality of drinking
water can be effectively increased. When the utility model is used, as long as a power supply is
switched on, the utility model can have the actions of sterilization and the purification of organic
poison. The utility model which has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation and low cost
is suitable for the water supply of subdistricts and domestic water supply system
The utility model relates to a full circulation direct water drinking machine, comprising a machine box.
The inner of the machine box is provided with a multifunctional water purifying device, a circulation
water pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer, an ultrafilter of an R. O reverse osmosis film, an active carbon
filter of postposition, and an automatic heater. The bottom of the multifunctional water purifying device
is connected with a tap water pipe, and the top is connected with the inlet of the circulation water
pump by a pipeline; the outlet of the circulation water pump is connected with the ultravoilet sterilizer,
which is connected with the ultrafilter of the R. O reverse osmosis film by the pipeline; the ultrafilter of
the R. O reverse osmosis film is connected with the active carbon filter of the postposition by the
pipeline, and the outlet of the active carbon filter of the postposition has three-way branches by one
pipeline; one end is connected with the water inlet of a cold water valve of three-way type exclusive
use, and the other end is connected with a hot water valve after connected with the automatic heater.
The tap water can be repeatedly purified and sterilized to provide direct drinking water of true
purifying and sterilization by the processing of ' six filtering + sterilization + circulation ' of the utility
mode

The utility model discloses an ultraviolet ray water purifier, comprising a body, a cover plate, a water
inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a filter core, an ultraviolet lamp tube and a circuit control device. The
place between the cover plate and the body is in sealing connection, the water inlet pipe is arranged
on the body, and a guide pipe is arranged on the cover plate. The top of the guide pipe penetrates
through the cover plate and extends to the outside of the cover plate, and the place between the
guide pipe and the cover plate is in sealing connection. The ultraviolet lamp tube is arranged in the
guide pipe, and the bottom of the guide pipe is provided with a water inlet. The filter core is sheathed
with the outer part of the guide pipe, fixed on the bottom of the cover plate, and positioned in the body.
The place between the filter core and the cover plate is in sealing connection. The water outlet pipe is
provided with a purified water outlet pipe and a raw water outlet pipe respectively are connected with
the guide pipe and the body, which can provide the raw water and the direct drinking purified water.
The utility model is suitable for families and public places such as hospitals, hotels, schools, trains,
stations, streets, ports, and parks, et

The utility model relates to a reverse osmosis hydrofilter with an automatic control structure, which 1
comprises an integrated circuit control box arranged on the reverse osmosis hydrofilter, the integrated
circuit control box is connected with a low voltage switch and a water feeding electromagnetic valve
arranged on a pipeline which is arranged at the place between a third path filter core and a
pressurization motor, the integrated circuit control box is connected with a pure water detecting
assembly arranged on a three-fork pipeline arranged before that a reverse osmosis filter core and a
high voltage water storage barrel are connected with a fifth active carbon filter core, and the
integrated circuit control box is also connected with a high voltage switch arranged behind the three-
fork pipeline and a self flushing electromagnetic valve arranged on a waste water discharging pipeline
arranged at the other end of the reverse osmosis filter core. The integrated circuit control box is
connected with the pressurization motor through a control line to control the operation of the
pressurization motor. A display panel is arranged on the reverse osmosis hydrofilte

The utility model discloses a composite water purifying filter element, which comprises an activated 1
carbon cylinder, a plurality of hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes and two cover bodies, wherein
both ends of the activated carbon cylinder are provided with an opening. Both the opening ends of the
activated carbon cylinder are connected with the two cover bodies and openings are arranged on the
cover bodies. The hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes are arranged in the activated carbon cylinder
and both ends of the hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes are penetrated and bonded in the cover
bodies. The hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes, activated carbon and the cover bodes are
combined into a whole to form the composite water purifying filter element. The activated carbon and
the hollow fiber ultra-filtration membranes are combined into a whole, and thus the utility model has
the advantages of simple structure and high water purifying efficienc
The utility model discloses a reactor, more specifically a photocatalysis oxidation water treatment
reaction machine of a fluid bed. The utility model comprises a reactor and an ultraviolet light source,
wherein the ultraviolet light source is positioned in the reactor, and load type TiO2 photocatalysts are
filled between the ultraviolet light source and a cylinder wall of the reactor; the load type TiO2
photocatalysts are filled between a quartz lamp cover and the cylinder wall of a reaction zone, and
granules of the photocatalysts can be sufficiently fluidized under the actions of water entering flows
and air ventilating flows. Because the granules of the photocatalysts are sufficiently fluidized in the
reactor, the sufficient contact of reactants, catalysts and incident light energy can be successfully
realized. The utility model has high mass transfer efficiency and light energy utilizing rate, can not only
increase photocatalysis efficiency, but also well solve the problem that of catalyst recovery existed in
that photocatalysis is used for industry, and simultaneously, the utility model has the advantages of
high utilizing rate of the ultraviolet light energy and large effective lighting area. The utility model is
suitable for the application of industrial scale

The utility model discloses a micro flocculation water purifier. The traditional water purifying process 1
has the problems of low water purifying efficiency, large occupation area, complex management, high
investment, large wastage, etc. The utility model is mainly characterized in that the micro flocculation
water purifier is composed of a water inlet pipe, a bearing tank, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet
pipe. A pressure bearing tank of the micro flocculation water purifier is respectively provided with an
upper filtering plate, a condensation layer, a flocculation layer, a filtering layer and a lower filtering
plate from top to bottom. The front end wall of the pressure bearing tank on the upper end interface
and the lower end interface of the filtering layer are respectively provided with a pressure transducer
joint which can be connected with a manometer. The water inlet pipe is matched and connected with a
venturi tube. The micro flocculation water purifier of the utility model verily integrates coagulation,
reaction, deposition and filtering processes, and completes the processes in a single tank. The micro
flocculation water purifier has the characteristics of small volume, small occupation area and low
investment. The overall efficiency of the micro flocculation water purifier is nine times higher than the
traditional process, and the utility model saves water and electricity. Compared with the efficiency of
the common integrated water purifier, the efficiency of the utility model is increased by about four to
eight time

The utility model discloses a multi-tube type photocatalysed oxidized water treatment reactor which
comprises an optical system and a reactor, wherein the optical system comprises reflectors, light
sources and optical lenses, the reflectors are respectively positioned at both sides of the reactor, the
central axis of the reactor is coincident with the central connecting line of each reflector; the inner
structures of the two reflectors are identical, each reflector is a concave mirror, and the surface is
made of polished anodised aluminium; the light sources are positioned in the reflectors, and are
positioned at the focuses of the optical lenses; the reactor adopts a glass tube as an outer shell, and
quartz tubes are arranged in the reactor; TiO2 coatings are loaded on the outer walls of the quartz
tubes, and the quartz tubes are fixed by polyfluortetraethylene plates and are in triangular
arrangement; the light sources are low-voltage halogen lamps. The TiO2 coatings are loaded on the
outer walls of the quartz tubes by adopting a sol-gel method. The photocatalysed oxidized water
treatment reactor has simple structure, fully utilizes the photocatalysis of TiO2, and generates the
photocatalysis by that ultraviolet rays irradiate the TiO2, so that the treatment of organic sewage has
advantages of high efficiency and low consumption. The utility model can be used universall

The utility model relates to an apparatus for sterilizing and removing harmful substances from water.
The utility model is characterized in that the apparatus comprises a circuit part and a water treatment
apparatus, wherein the circuit part comprises a plurality of ozone plates 1, a plurality of ultraviolet
lamps 2 and an integrated power supply 3. A mains supply is connected with the input end of the
integrated power supply 3 whose output end is connected with the ozone plates 1 and the ultraviolet
lamps 2. The water treatment apparatus comprises a water tank 6, a pipeline 7, a water pump 8 and a
jet pipe 9, wherein the water tank 6 is connected with the inlet of the water pump 8 by the pipeline 7,
the outlet of the water pump 8 is connected with the end of the jet pipe 9, and ozone produced by the
ozone plates 1 is input into the end of the jet pipe 9. The ultraviolet lamps 2 are arranged in the jet
pipe 9, and the ultraviolet lamps carry out systematic and overall sterilization for the links of water
quality, sewage collection, sewage discharge, circulating water treatment, etc. in the whole production
process, so that the treated water reaches higher standard. The apparatus has wide application rang
The utility model relates to a water purifier, particularly a pure water mineralization machine which 1
comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, and a filter connected at the place between the water
inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, wherein an electromagnetic valve, a water pump, a reverse
osmosis membrane assembly, a postposition multiple micro mineralizing device assembly and a
postposition active carbon assembly are orderly connected at the place between the filter and the
water outlet pipe through pipelines. The reverse osmosis membrane assembly comprises a casing
and a reverse osmosis membrane arranged in the casing, and a waste water ratio device and a waste
water discharging switch are connected to the rear end of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly.
The machine of the utility model has a drinking water purifying function and a drinking water
mineralizing function, and the volume of the utility model is greatly reduced. The fully automatic
unattended operation work is realized, and the utility model can be conveniently popularized and used
in familie

The utility model relates to a waterpower automatic pH regulator for gravity filters, which comprises an 1
alkali container, wherein the alkali container is in a cylinder shape and two clear water pipes with
water regulators are communicated with the outer side wall at the upper part of a cylinder body. Water
outlet holes are distributed on the upper clear water pipe and penetrate through the side wall of the
cylinder body to be transversely arranged at the upper part of the cylinder body, and the lower clear
water pipe is communicated with a water leaking ring groove on the inner wall of the cylinder body. A
grating grid is transversely arranged at the middle part of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the
cylinder body is in the shape of a conical cylinder of which the bottom is connected with a
communicating pipe. The utility model is characterized in that alkali powders or alkali blocks can be
used, and the pH value of a water body can be automatically kept unchanged. The quantity of filled
alkaline agents and the time are not limited, and UPVC material is used. The utility model has the
advantages of no corrosion, high durability, simple structure, practicality and low cost. The utility
model can automatically feed alkaline agents by utilizing the energy of water flows without needing
other additional dynamic energy, so that the energy is saved. The waterpower automatic pH regulator
for gravity filters achieves the purpose of homogeneously, accurately, slowly and continuously feeding
a micro amount of alkaline agents into weak acidic water. The utility model is suitable for water
treatment devices for automatically feeding alkali and can also be used for feeding other agent

The utility model relates to a purifying cold and hot water drinking machine, which is able to adapt 1
running water. The utility model is composed of a machine body, a filter, a water feeding
electromagnetic valve, a pressure reduction and anti-overflow valve, a heating liner, a heating
temperature controller, a dry heating avoidance temperature controller, an ice liner assembly, a
switch, a conducting wire, a pipeline, a tap, screws, etc., wherein three-stage or four-stage filtration
devices, such as a primary filtration device, a fine filtration device, an exact filtration device, an ultra
filtration device, etc. are arranged in the machine body; the primary filtration device is part or fully
arranged outside the machine body; a micro-motion or light touch switch used for controlling a power
supply of the water feeding electromagnetic valve to switch on and switch off is arranged in the water
outlet tap; the pressure reduction and anti-overflow valve is arranged in the micro-motion or light
touch switch. The utility model has reasonable design and is in a vertical type, a wall hanging type, a
desktop type and a fountain type. Besides, the utility model has the advantages of easy installation,
easy use, easy cleaning, sanitation, electricity saving, full sealing and no secondary pollution, and has
a normal temperature type, a heating type and a refrigeration typ
The utility model relates to a small sea water desalting device which comprises pumps, a filter, a box 1
body, a sterilizer, a drinking machine, relative pipelines of the drinking machine, valves and relevant
circuits, wherein a sucking net of a suction pump is communicated with a lifting pump; the exact filter
is communicated in turn with an ultra-filter, an electric cabinet, a high-pressure pump, a medicine
adding pump and a medicine chest; the sterilizer is communicated with the drinking machine; the
lifting pump is communicated in turn with an automatic cleaning bag type filter, an electronic dirt-
blocking sterilizing algae removal apparatus and an exact filter through pipelines; the high-pressure
pump is communicated with a secondary reverse filter through a pipeline. The utility model can
automatically clear small grained suspended substances and part of colloid and alga; the utility model
has high filtering precision, large water flow quantity, low pressure drop, no need of back flush water
and high dirt containing capability; the utility model can effectively prevent film pollution and perform
the functions of dirt blocking, dirt removal, sterilization and algae extinction; the reverse osmosis
filtering of an RO film and the adjustment of PH value are carried out by medicine addition and the
secondary reverse filter, and more than 99% of the salt in water and the boron element that is harmful
to people can be eliminated. The utility model has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low
electricity consumption, long service life and easy popularization; besides, the utility model supplies a
gap of small sea water desalting equipment with the international standard in China. The utility model
can be used for steamboats, islands, frontier defense and military equipment, and can also be applied
to the fields of water for the living of littoral citizens, fishers, offshore petroleum platforms, et

The utility model discloses a vehicle mounted water purifier which is used to purify surface water to 1
obtain drinking water under the condition that no clean water source exists when people work in the
field. The vehicle mounted water purifier comprises a water pump, a disc filter, a micro-filter whose
multi-stage bore diameter is reduced orderly and an ultraviolet sterilizer, which are connected orderly
in sequence and in series and are respectively installed on a supporting stand. The vehicle mounted
water purifier has the characteristics that the utility model adopts a quaternary treatment technological
process, so the structure is compact, the operation is convenient, and the scale of yielding water
reaches 500l/hr. The vehicle mounted water purifier removes harmful substances in the water and
reserves microelements and mineral substances which are beneficial to human bodies
simultaneously, and can completely satisfy water requirements for an arm

The utility model relates to a domestic water-saving pipeline system, which comprises a first branch
water storage tank which is positioned below a kitchen sink and is communicated with a downflow
pipe of the kitchen sink, a second branch water storage tank which is positioned below a toilet
handbasin and is communicated with a downflow pipe of the toilet handbasin, a main water storage
tank communicated with the first branch water storage tank and the second branch water storage
tank, and an automatic control device, wherein a diving pump is respectively arranged in the first
branch water storage tank and the second branch water storage tank; a water drain pipe of the pump
is connected with the main water storage tank of which the water outlet is connected with a flushing
device of the toilet by a pipeline or/and is connected with a water tap; pipelines of the downflow pipes
of the kitchen sink and the handbasin are respectively provided with a switch valve. The water-saving
pipeline system has high water saving efficiency, and can recover all relatively clean water by a
selective switch, therefore the water resource can not be wasted; through filtering and clarifying
settlement and the ozone sterilization and the ultraviolet sterilization, the pollution can not be created;
the water-saving pipeline system is installed in the way of full concealment, therefore the shapely
configuration of the kitchen ware and the sanitary equipment in the modern family can not be affected.
The water-saving pipeline system has very low power consumption, and almost does not consume
the power in normal times; the maximum power consumption is 28W when the water-saving pipeline
system work

The utility model relates to a small-sized integrated water purifying machine. A water pump is
arranged in a support bracket of the water purifying machine, wherein the water outlet of the water
pump is connected with the water inlet of each filter, the water exhaust outlet of each filter is
connected with the water inlet of each membrane assembly, and the clear water outlet of each
membrane assembly is connected with a water inlet connecting pipe of an ultraviolet lamp box;
advisably, two filters are arranged in front of the membrane assemblies which are in a series group.
The membrane aperture of the rear membrane assembly is smaller than that of the front membrane
assembly; advisably, each membrane assembly is an ultra-filtration membrane assembly and a
reverse osmosis membrane assembly, and a booster pump is arranged on a pipeline in front of the
reverse osmosis membrane assembly. The small-sized integrated water purifying machine has the
advantages of small volume, light weight, simple operation, fully automatic running, high water
producing rate and reliable performance. The utility model can guarantee that the water quality meets
the national hygienic standard of the living drinking wate
The utility model discloses solar photocatalytic water treating equipment which is characterized in that
photocatalysts and photocatalytic rods are vertically and uniformedly arranged in a water treating
pool, ultraviolet lamp tubes are arranged in the water treating pool, and a plurality of yarn saucers are
arranged on the photocatalysis rods; highly active nanometer TiO2 photocatalytic material is prepared
on a yarn ring of the yarn saucer. The photocatalytic material makes sewage discharged by reaching
the standards under the photocatalysis of ultra-violet lamplight and sunlight ultraviolet. The utility
model can have the functions of sterilization, virus killing and organic matter removal for drinking
water, can be applied to sewage treating of the organic matters in insecticide works, printing and
dyeing works, etc., and can also be used in drinking water treating, aquaculture industry, drinking
water for birds, etc. for sterilization and virus killing, and the utility model can be used for
manufacturing nanometer active water for drinking, and treating diseases of digestive tract, can be
used for bathing to play the roles of maintaining appearance and treating dermatosis, and can be
used for cleaning amphisarca and vegetable and removing pesticide residue. The utility model has
the advantages of low cost, and convenient installation and use, and can be assembled into large and
medium size water treating equipment and domestic small size water treating equipment according to
actual demand; the utility model has high efficiency and saves energy during individual photocatalysis
by solar energ

The utility model relates to an integrated water purifying pool for waterworks, particularly water 1
processing and especially a casing structure of a processing device and the flocculation or the
sedimentation of suspended impurities. The integrated water purifying pool for waterworks a stable
dehydration flocculation region, a suspended impurities separation region and a micro flocculation
objects retention region, which are arranged in a casing of the pool body in sequence, a water inlet
pipe, a water discharge pipe, a drainage pipe A, a drainage pipe B and a drainage pipe C which are
installed on the casing of the pool body, wherein the casing of the pool body is quadrate and is made
of reinforcing bar concrete; the stable dehydration flocculation region comprises a pyramid-shaped
vortex device and a prism-shaped flocculation device which are communicated with the water inlet
pipe; a sloped pipe is arranged in the suspended impurities separation region; the micro flocculation
objects retention region comprises carbon filtering materials and quartz sand filtering materials. The
utility model has the advantages that because the casing of the pool body uses the quadrate
reinforced bar concrete and the novel flocculation device, the utility model has the advantages of long
service life, convenient maintenance, no need of other foundation, good flocculation effect, high safety
coefficients, et

The utility model provides an ultraviolet sterilizer for sterilizing and purifying the water quality of
fishponds. The utility model is composed of a water pump, a filter column and an ultraviolet sterilizer,
wherein the ultraviolet sterilizer is composed of a metallic cylindrical casing and one to a plurality of
ultraviolet lamps installed in the cylinder; the installed ultraviolet lamp is sheathed with a quartz tube
for protection; the inner wall of the metallic cylindrical casing is polished, and both ends of the metallic
cylindrical casing are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet respectively; water in the
fishponds is pumped by the water pump, a water outlet of the water pump is connected with a water
inlet of the filter column, and a water outlet of the filter column is connected with a water inlet of the
ultraviolet sterilizer; the processed water flows back to the fishponds though a water outlet of the
ultraviolet sterilizer. The device can be supplied for killing avian influenza virus in the water of
fishponds and sterilizing and purifying water quality for fishponds in countries, particularly for
fishponds in infected area

The utility model relates to a combined device with reclaimed water and purified water, which is
characterized in that a reclaimed water processing device comprises a water storage tank, a lifting
pump, a filter for an automatic cleaning bag, a two stage fine filter and an intermediate water storage
tank which are connected in sequence. A pure water processing device comprises a small-sized
automatic cleaning bag filter, a two stage activated carbon filtering core, an RO membrane assembly
of a two stage activated carbon filtering core of a high pressure pump, an ultraviolet sterilizer and a
pressure tank. The utility model has the advantages that the reclaimed water device and the pure
water device are organically combined into an integral device structure to realize the effect of a device
with multiple functions. After multiple filters are combined, the utility model has the advantages of the
improvement of the capability of filtering sundries and granules, high filtering precision and small
ground occupation, with the function of backwashing and strong automatic recovery capability. The
utility model is provided with multiple filtering nets, which can filter different kinds of impurities. Then,
the clogging phenomenon of dirt of a subsequent fine filtration device can be effectively avoide
The utility model relates to a water valve which is composed of a valve body (1), a spherical valve 1
core (2), a valve cover (3) and a handle (4), wherein the spherical valve core is locked in the valve
body by the valve cover, and the handle is fastened on the spherical valve core via a screw (7). The
utility model is characterized in that the spherical valve core is provided with a flushing channel (5)
and a flow limiting channel (6). Because the utility model integrates the flow limiting low flow rate and
the flushing high flow rate into one body, the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure,
easy assemblage, low manufacturing cost, etc. The utility model can be applied to RO reverse
osmosis water treatment equipment and nano-filtering water treatment equipmen

The utility model relates to a two-stage reverse osmosis water purifier for a pre-ultra-filter, which 1
comprises a first-stage high pressure pump, a first-stage reverse osmosis device, a two-stage high
pressure pump and a two-stage reverse osmosis device which are connected orderly by a pipeline,
wherein the front of the first grade high pressure pump is connected with an ultra-filter. The utility
model the advantages that the dirt blocking coefficient of pretreated water which enters the reverse
osmosis device can be kept below 3, and thus the service life of a reverse osmosis membrane can be
prolonged and the running cost of equipment can be reduced; the overall structure of the two-stage
reverse osmosis water purifier for a pre-ultra-filter is simple and compact and occupation area is smal

The utility model discloses a three-in-one central water purifier with larger flow rate and a smaller 1
volume. A combined machine frame of the three-in-one central water purifier is composed of a
machine frame upper assembly, a machine frame lower assembly and three quarter bend longitudinal
rods, wherein the machine frame upper assembly and the machine frame lower assembly are directly
inserted and connected with both ends of the quarter bend longitudinal rods respectively, and
distance between every two longitudinal rods of the three quarter bend longitudinal rods is equal.
Water purified assemblies are all arranged in the combined machine frame, and the water purified
assemblies comprise a poisonous chemical substance filter, a PP filter and an ultra-filtering
membrane assembly. The water purified assemblies are orderly connected according to the orders
that a total water inlet pipe, the poisonous chemical substance filter, the PP filter and a water inlet pipe
of the ultra-filtering membrane assembly are connected; the ultra-filtering membrane assembly and a
purified water outlet pipe are connected. Not only can water output and outlet water quality be
ensured, but also space can be saved and move is convenient. The utility model is suitable for small-
and-medium-size companies, families, et

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet sterilizing water quality treater for cultivating creatures in
water, which comprises a barrel-shaped shell body (1), an ultraviolet lamp tube (2) arranged in the
shell body (1) and a quartz tube lamp cover (3), wherein a water inlet pipe (11) and a water outlet pipe
(12) are arranged on the barrel-shaped shell body (1); a transparent observation window (4)
corresponding to the ultraviolet lamp tube (2) within length ranges is arranged on the circular column
surface wall of the barrel-shaped shell body (1). The utility model has the advantages that the treater
can effectively monitor work conditions of the ultraviolet lamp tube to ensure the normal work of the
water quality treater, et

The utility model discloses a microbial reactor for water treatment, which comprises a tower body, the 1
bottom of the tower body is provided with a water outlet device; the top of the tower body is provided
with a water inlet device; a filter plate is arranged above the water outlet device; filtering bed fillers are
filled on the filter plate, thereby, a filter bed layer is formed; the surface of the filter bed layer is filled
with superposed layer fillers; an interception plate is arranged below the water inlet device. The utility
model causes the filtering bed and a downflow type fluid bed to combine into a whole. The fluid bed at
the upper part adopts a suspended bed layer which is formed by particulate fillers, the particulate
fillers have similar specific gravity with water and high specific surface areas, and the surfaces of the
particulate fillers have multiple micropores. The utility model causes a fixing bioreactor to keep high
active biomass, enhances the biochemical treatment efficiency and causes the biomass not to run off,
and water which flows out from the reactor does not need solid-liquid separation. The utility model is
especially suitable for treating wastewater with middle and low concentration, treating domestic
sewage of cities and towns, and restoring water quality of micro-polluted source water, such as rivers,
streams, lakes, et
The utility model relates to knapsack type high-turbidity water treating equipment, which relates to 1
knapsack type high-turbidity water pretreating and purifying equipment, which is especially suitable for
units and individuals in demand of clean water in occasions, such as flood prevention, disaster relief,
earthquake disaster relief, geological exploration, military battle, etc. The utility model comprises a
machine frame, a water pump, an engine, special membrane filters, a pipeline valve, a pressure
gauge and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the special membrane filters are arranged on the
machine frame; the upper part of the machine frame is provided with a machine frame bottom plate;
the water pump and the engine which are arranged on the machine frame bottom plate are connected
by a transmission shaft; an inlet of the water pump is communicated with raw water, and a water
outlet of the water pump is connected with the special membrane filters by pipe connecting
components; the utility model is provided with a plurality of mutually connected special membrane
filters which are provided with filter outer shells which are provided with inlet and outlet pipe
connecting components; the special filtering membranes which are arranged in the filter outer shells
adopt micro filtering or ultra filtering membranes; the machine frame is provided with shoulder belts
and waist belt

The utility model relates to an ultra-filtering central water purifier, which comprises a multiple-way 1
valve and an ultra-filtering membrane filter core which is connected with the multiple-way valve,
wherein the multiple-way valve comprises a water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively
connected with a tap water pipeline. The ultra-filtering membrane filter core comprises a filtering water
inlet, a purified water outlet and a sewage draining port. Because the multiple-way valve comprises a
water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively connected with a tap water pipeline, the water
inlet of the multiple-way valve can be controlled to be communicated with different water inlets of the
ultra-filtering membrane filter core through a rotating device on the multiple-way valve. The multiple-
way valve and the ultra-filtering membrane filter core are organically connected together by an ultra-
filtering central water purifier, and the functions of water making, washing, water break and
backwashing of the water purifier can be achieved through the rotation of a handle which is arranged
on the top of the multiple-way valv

The utility model relates to a water purification treatment device which comprises a coarse filter, an 1
electric treatment device and a biologic parcel fine filter which are orderly arranged, and water is
purified according to the arranging order; the coarse filter is a bag-shaped coarse filter, or a meshed
coarse filter, or a micro filter; the electric treatment device comprises two electrodes and a control
circuit connected with the two electrodes; the biologic parcel fine filter comprises an outer cylinder and
an inner cylinder, medical stone is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the inner
cylinder comprises a first inner barrel and a second inner barrel positioned in the first inner barrel,
zeolite is filled at the bottom of the second inner barrel and is used as microbiological medium, the
upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the lower part is provided with
a water outlet pipe; a bacteria inputting pipe is also inserted in the second inner barrel and is in
contact with the zeolite, and at least one kind of the following beneficial bacteria: photosynthetic
bacteria, EM bacteria and digestion bacteria is arranged in the zeolite. The utility model has the
advantages of high efficiency and high water saving rate, and the water can be circularly treated for a
long tim

The utility model relates to a filtering machine with micro-filtering cloth, particularly a nano filtering 1
cloth disc type filtering machine. The filtering machine with micro-filtering cloth comprises a tank body,
a hollow hexagonal shaft which is arranged inside the tank body, a filtering disc, and filtering cloth
anti-suction mechanisms which are arranged on both sides of the filtering disc; the hollow hexagonal
shaft is horizontally arranged; the filtering disc adopts a nanon filtering cloth filtering disc; the filtering
disc is vertically arranged on the hollow hexagonal shaft. Because the utility model adopts the design
that the filtering disc is vertically arranged, water flows out from the hollow hexagonal shaft, and the
filtering cloth adopts nanon materials, suspended substances can automatically desquamate to a
certain degree; as a consequence, anti-suction is almost little, energy consumption is little, and the
service life of the filtering cloth is long; the SS content of water flowed out can not change along with
the change of a load, and the removal rate of the suspended substances is high; meanwhile, the
filtering disc adopts vertical design to cause the occupation area of equipment to be small and to
cause the treatment expense of ton water to be very low. Thus, the utility model is a kind of
intermediate water treatment filtering equipment which has favorable treatment effect and low
treatment cos
The utility model relates to a water quality purifier for a photocatalysis nano fluid bed. A plurality of
water treatment reaction chambers are isolated by a plurality of separation discs 3, and titanium
dioxide attachments 7 are filled in the water treatment reaction chambers. Rotational flow tubes 4 are
installed on the separation discs. Rotational flows can be generated when sewage flows through the
rotational flow tubes, and the titanium dioxide attachments can carry out rotary movement to absorb
light source photons in an omnidirectional mode; thus, the water treatment speed and the load
resistance can be raised, and the light source photons can be prevented from entering other water
treatment reaction chambers or running off along with water. An ultraviolet lamp tube 8 and quartz-
iodine lamp tube 10 are taken as light source bodies. A cleaning brush sleeve 5 is sheathed on outer
wall of a quartz glass tube, the cleanness of the surface of the quartz tube can be realized by pulling a
draw rod 6 of the brush sleeve, and the light transmittance of the quartz tube can be ensure

The utility model provides a secondary water supply sterilizing and purifying oxygen enrichment
apparatus for living drinking water, which comprises a magnetizing purifying box, a disinfecting
purifying box and a stabilizing box which are connected by water pipes, wherein the magnetizing
purifying box presents the shape of a reverse round stage. The top and the bottom of the magnetizing
purifying box are respectively provided with magnetizers. The inside of the disinfecting purifying box is
provided with an ultraviolet lamp sealed in a casing. A mineralizing device is arranged between the
disinfecting purifying box and the stabilizing box. The water inlet of the mineralizing device is
connected with a mineralizing switch. A water inlet pipe of the mineralizing purifying box, a water inlet
pipe and a water outlet pipe of the mineralizing device, and a water outlet pipe of the stabilizing box
are all connected with clarifiers. The utility model has better effects of disinfecting and purifying and
can ensure that safe, sanitary and healthy living drinking water can be supplied for resident

The utility model relates to a micro-filtering electrolyzing water making machine which comprises a 1
filter core and an electrolyzing device. The utility model is characterized in that a first filter cylinder, a
second filter cylinder, a big filter cylinder and the electrolyzing device are orderly connected in series
between a water inlet and a water outlet; a pressure switch is arranged between the water inlet and
the water outlet; the inner parts of the first filter cylinder and the second filter cylinder are respectively
provided with a PP cotton filter core and a nanometer antimicrobial ceramic ball; activated carbon and
a KDF filter material are arranged in the big filter cylinder; the working state of the electrolyzing device
is controlled by the pressure switch which is connected in series to a water channel. The utility model
has the advantages that since the utility model simultaneously adopts the PP cotton core, the
activated carbon and a KDF filter core to form a micro-filtering layer of the water making machine, the
filtering quality of running water is improved; the utility model which adopts the electrolyzing device
can provide alkalescent ionized water and subacid ionized water for people; since the nanometer
antimicrobial ceramic balls are arranged in the filter cylinders, the running water can be added with
nanometer far-infrared elements and trace elements, and all the nanometer far-infrared elements and
the trace elements can improve the health care effect when people drink the running wate

The utility model discloses a household water purifier with a hollow fiber ultra-filtering membrane, 1
which has the advantages of reasonable design, convenient maintenance, no need of filter core
replacement, automatic blowdown and large water yield. The household water purifier with a hollow
fiber ultra-filtering membrane comprises a hollow fiber ultra-filtering membrane and an activated
carbon filter core which are arranged in a shell, wherein one end of the shell is connected with an end
cover with a water inlet and the other end is connected with the end cover with a purified water outlet.
The axial water outlet side of the shell is provided with a cleaning sewage draining port which is
penetrated with the shell. A cap body is arranged on the cleaning sewage draining port, and a flexible
pipe is respectively arranged on two end covers. External rotation surface of the two end covers is
respectively provided with a plurality of convexities. The diameter of a filtering hole of the hollow fiber
ultra-filtering membrane is 0.05 micron. The utility model is suitable for the depth purification treatment
of household tap water, and clean and healthy drinking water and domestic water can be conveniently
provided for familie
The utility model discloses an ultraviolet and ozone united water treatment device which comprises a 1
cavity, a filtering adsorbing layer, a top cover, a sealing structure, an ultraviolet lamp tube, a treating
water transition box and a bracket, wherein a water inlet tube and an ozone inlet tube are arranged at
the lower part of the cavity; the filtering adsorbing layer and the ultraviolet lamp tube are arranged in
the cavity. After being filtered and adsorbed, inlet water goes into an ultraviolet ray and ozone united
disinfection cavity, the ultraviolet lamp tube is placed in the cavity, and ozone gas is filled in the cavity
at the same time. After the inlet water is treated, most organic matters of the inlet water is eliminated;
simultaneously, the purpose of disinfection can be achieved. The device has the advantages of simple
structure and convenient maintenance, and can be widely used for the deep oxidation treatment, the
sterilization and disinfection and the micro-pollutant elimination of wate

The utility model discloses a micro-electrolytic whole-course water treatment device. The utility model 1
comprises a micro-electrolytic controller, a shell body of the water treatment device, one micro-
electrolytic metal anode at least, a metal filter screen, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the
micro-electrolytic metal anode is arranged on the top of the inside of the shell body of the water
treatment device to extend, and is connected with a positive pole of the micro-electrolytic controller, a
negative pole of the micro-electrolytic controller is connected with a micro-electrolytic metal cathode,
and an insulation member is arranged between the micro-electrolytic metal anode and the shell body
of the water treatment device. The water inlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the shell
body of the water treatment device, the water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of
the shell body of the water treatment device and the metal filter screen is positioned between the
water inlet and the water outlet. The metal filter screen can have two layers, and SS filtering material
is filled between the two layers. The micro-electrolytic metal cathode can be the shell body of the
water treatment device. The utility model has the advantages of small volume, convenient installation,
and multiple functions of sterilization, algae removal, scale removal, rust prevention, iron removal, et

The utility model relates to a water purifying machine, particularly a self suction type water purifying 1
machine capable of being used in countryside. A water drinking machine is composed of a
polypropylene melting and spraying filter, an activated carbon filter, a precise activated carbon filter, a
reverse osmosis membrane, a rear arranged activated carbon filter and pipelines, wherein the front
end of a water inlet of the polypropylene melting and spraying filter is provided with a high pressure
pump, a liquid level automatic control switch is arranged between the high pressure pump and the
polypropylene melting and spraying filter, and a water suction opening is provided with a micro-filter.
the water drinking machine does not need to be connected with tap water, and the self suction type
water purifying operation can be carried out with a water receiver; the safe operation of the high
pressure pump can be ensured, the automatic stop can be realized at the water shortage time and the
utility model has the advantages of avoiding that the pipelines are blocked by suspended solid

The utility model relates to a sterilized domestic reverse osmosis water purifying machine, which 1
comprises a preceding stage first filter, an active carbon filter, a security filter, a reverse osmosis
membrane, a pressure water storage barrel, a postposition filter core and a water draining tap. The
utility model is characterized in that a front screen plate and a middle screen plate are arranged in the
postposition filter core, wherein active carbon is filled between the front and the middle screen plates
and a hollow ultra-filtering membrane is arranged between the middle screen plate and a water outlet
of the postposition filter core. The utility model has the advantages that two kinds of filter materials of
the active carbon and the hollow ultra-filtering membrane are used in the postposition filter core,
wherein the active carbon has extremely strong adsorption capacity and thus bad smell in water can
be effectively absorbed; the permeation hole diameter of the hollow ultra-filtering membrane is smaller
than 0.1 nanometer, and thus microbial permeation of bacteria, virus, etc. can be prevented. The bad
smell which is brought by the pressure water storage barrel can be adsorbed by the combined action
of the two filtering materials, and the problem that a metasomite such as the pressure water storage
barrel, etc. have residue and bacteria are generated, and thus the detection rate of the bacteria of the
production of pure water is high can be solved. Thus the installation and use of the utility model are
conformed to the sanitation and safety requirements of ordinary familie
The utility model relates to a multifunctional field water purifier, which comprises a field water purifier 1
device, an electricity supplying device and a power utilization load. The utility model is characterized
in that a pumping lifting pump of the field water purifier device is connected with a poison measuring
device through a pipeline; the poison measuring device is respectively connected with an automation
backwashing filter and an activated charcoal filter, wherein a water outlet of the automatic
backwashing filter is communicated with a water inlet of the activated charcoal filter through an
electromagnetic valve; the activated charcoal filter is orderly communicated with a precise filter, an
ultra-filter, a high pressure pump, an RO membrane filter, an ultraviolet sterilizer, a medicinal sterilizer
and an outlet mouth, wherein a backwashing water inlet of the automatic backwashing filter is
communicated with the RO membrane filter through an electromagnetic valve. The utility model has
the advantages of small size, light weight, complete functions, wide application ranges, etc., and is
suitable for field work, dwelling, especially for field work of military affairs, disaster rescue, dwelling, et

The utility model relates to an ultra-filter pretreatment device of a reverse osmosis water purifier, 1
which is provided with two or more than two sets of ultra-filters which are in parallel. A water outlet
pipe of each parallel ultra-filter is directly connected with an inlet of a first-grade high pressure pump
of a first-grade reverse osmosis device through a main pipe. The utility model has the advantages that
one set of the parallel ultra-filter can be used for standby, and remained one or a plurality of sets is
used, and thus normal production can not be affected because of back flushing or overhauling and
the quality of pretreated water can be guaranteed to be stable and reliable. At the same time, the
fluctuation of water flow can be smartly adapted. Though a set of the ultra-filter is added, a water
storage tank, a booster pump and a security filter of the pretreated water are saved. Thus, general
occupation areas of the utility model is reduced and process is shortened, and thus running cost can
reduced and operations can further simplifie

The utility model relates to an activated water generator. A coarse filter and a fine filter which are 1
connected with a water source faucet outside a casing and are connected into integration are
sequentially communicated with an electric controlling water valve positioned in the casing and the
upper part of a sterilizing barrel through water pipes. An outlet on the bottom of the sterilizing barrel is
communicated with an inlet of a nano bacteriostatic device through a stabilized pressure pump and a
water pipe, and an outlet of the nano bacteriostatic device is communicated with an activating device
through a water pipe. An outlet A of the activating device is communicated with a three-way water
outlet through a water pipe, and an outlet B of the activating device is communicated with the top of
the sterilizing barrel through a water pipe; a venthole on the top of the sterilizing barrel is
communicated with the three-way water outlet through a water pipe. The utility model adopts the
coarse filter and the fine filter which are connected into integration and the water outlet instead of two
traditional water outlets, simplifying structures; the stabilized pressure pump provides stable water
pressure to ensure the stability of the water quality of activated water, and unwanted water can reflow
the sterilizing barrel to save wate

The utility model discloses a drinking water making apparatus, which uses inexpensive tap water as a
water source and can continuously carry out filtration, purification, sterilization, disinfection and rapid
heating. The internal structure of the utility model is mainly formed by that a three-stage purifying filter,
an overflow type ultraviolet sterilizer, and a rapid heater without an inner liner are orderly connected
and the utility model can be directly connected in a tap water pipeline. The utility model does not
consume electricity in normal times, when water is taken for drinking, the power supply is switched on
for heating; hence, the power can be saved, the cost is low, the made drinking water is clean and
does not have any germ and the water temperature can be regulated as required. The utility model
not only is suitable for urban and rural resident families, but also is suitable for public places, such as,
industrial and mining enterprises, organs, armies, hospitals, schools, stations, quays, etc. The utility
model is the first choice product for the 'health drinking water' idea of the modern societ
The utility model discloses a multifunction water purifying device, which comprises two large systems
of a water processing system and a frequency-changing water-supply system, wherein the water
processing system is mainly composed of a water storage tank, an aerating device, a filtering device,
a super filter, an ozone generator, a residual ozone adsorption device and an ultraviolet disinfection
device. A water outlet of a water blaster in the aerating device is connected with a water inlet pipe line,
and a water inlet is connected with an air entraining water-supply pump. The filtering device is
communicated with the super filter by the pipe line, the pipe line of the super filter is communicated
with the water storage tank, the water inlet of the water storage tank is communicated with the water
outlet of the super filter and a the water outlet is communicated with the residual ozone adsorption
device. The water inlet of the residual ozone adsorption device is communicated with the outlet of the
water storage tank, and the pipe line of the water outlet is connected with the water-supply pump. The
fluorine, ferro manganese, mechanical impurities and foreign odor in the raw water can be removed
by the utility model through the three-time filtration and three-stage sterilization, the bacteria
contained in the water can be killed, the utility model has multiple functions of filtration, sterilization,
mineralization and constant pressure water supply and the utility model provides mineralized water
with good quality for area user

The utility model relates to a water purifying device using a ceramic membrane as a filtering element, 1
particularly a water purifier which is mainly applied to families. The water purifier comprises a shell 1,
a top cover 2, a running water inlet 7, a purified water outlet 8 and a ceramic membrane filter 3,
wherein the top cover and the shell are sealed and connected. The ceramic membrane filter is
arranged below the top cover and the shell is divided into a running water zone A and a purified water
zone B. The running water zone is communicated with the running water inlet and the purified water
zone is communicated with the purified water outlet. A running water outlet 9 is arranged in the
relative direction of the running water zone and the running water inlet, and the running water outlet is
connected with a water valve. Under the precondition of ensuring water purifying effect, the
dismounting and cleaning period of a ceramic membrane water purifier can be prolonged, and thus
the service life of the ceramic membrane water purifier can be prolonge

The utility model relates to a water purifying system, particularly a water saving type nano-filtering 1
water purifying system. The utility model comprises a water inlet treatment system, a front arranged
pretreatment filter, a main filter system, a pressurizing water storage device, and a water outlet
treatment system which are orderly connected, wherein the front arranged pretreatment filter is
composed of three stages of PPF filters, and the front of the water outlet treatment system is provided
with a rear arranged bacteriostatic activated carbon filter; the main filter system is composed of a
casing and a nano-filtering membrane arranged in the casing, the water inlet treatment system
comprises a raw water tank and a high pressure pump arranged between the water tank and the front
arranged pretreatment filter, a waste water discharging opening of the nano-filtering treatment device
is communicated with the raw water tank, and the water tank is provided with a periodic sewage
discharging opening. The utility model is suitable for various drinking water sources, the utilization
ratio of raw water can reach 60%-80%, the water source can be saved and the utility model makes
the contribution to saving water for the whole societ

The utility model relates to a water purifier, which is provided with a water inlet and a pure water port. 1
The water purifier comprises a water purifier barrel body and an upper and a lower end covers which
are arranged on the end surface of the water purifier barrel body. A filter core which is used for
purifying water flow and is provided with an ultra-filtration membrane and a filtering material which is
mixed by activated carbon fiber and copper-aluminum alloy are orderly arranged in a water channel of
the water purifier, and the water channel also comprises a blow-off pipeline. Water flow is deeply
filtered and purified through the filter core which is provided with the ultra-filtration membrane and the
filtering material which is mixed by the activated carbon fiber and the copper-aluminum alloy by the
utility model, and thus suspended matters, organic substances, bacteria and viruses in water can be
effectively removed. Inorganic substance combination of hydrogen sulfide, iron, lead, cadmium,
aluminium, etc. in the water can also be removed. The utility model has the advantages of convenient
maintenance and long service lif
The utility model relates to an ultra-filtering reverse osmosis integral domestic water purifier, which 1
comprises a water inlet three-way, a pre filter core, a low water pressure switch, a charcoal filter core,
a water inlet electromagnetic valve, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane element, a
high water pressure switch, a pressure water bucket, a postposition activated charcoal filter core, a
reverse osmosis water purifying tap, a back-flushing electromagnetic valve, a waste water
proportional controller and a control circuit, and all the components are all directly or indirectly
arranged inside and outside a machine. The utility model is characterized in that an ultra-filtering core
and an ultra-filtering water purifying tap are orderly connected between the charcoal filter core and the
high-pressure pump; in addition, an ultraviolet sterilization device is arranged for the sterilization of
reverse osmosis water purification. Produced water quality can be self selected by users according to
different requirements of washing water and drinking water, and not only can the quality of drinking
water be guaranteed, but also the quantity of the washing water can be guaranteed. At the same time,
the draining quantity of waste water can be reduced, and in addition, the ultra-filtering core is used as
the last technology of pre-processing, and thus the quality of inlet water of the reverse osmosis
membrane element is optimized and the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane element is
prolonge

The utility model relates to a magnetized water purifier of a solar water heater, which is provided with 1
a water filter with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; a polypropylene nano sintering filtering
sleeve barrel is arranged in the casing of the water filter; the upper end of the filtering sleeve barrel
seals an opening of the lower end of the filtering sleeve barrel, and the opening of the lower end of
the filtering sleeve barrel is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the water filter; the inlet of the
water inlet pipe is provided with a magnetizer which is a high-energy permanence magnetism rod
which is arranged at the water inlet and is vertical with the water inlet pipe, and both sides of the high-
energy permanence magnetism rod are provided with a guide plate. Because the utility model
combines the magnetizer and the filtering of the filtering sleeve barrel, water entering a water tank of
a solar water heater has the reached antiscaling and descaling function, water flow and a magnetic
force line are mutually perpendicular, and thus the magnetized efficiency of water is enhanced.
Meanwhile, because of the function of the filter, organic pollutants and substances causing mutation
and deformity can be removed in different degrees, residual chlorine can also be effectively removed,
and thus the local corrosion of a crater is reduced. The utility model is suitable for a domestic solar
water heater and other hot water facilities, and satisfies the requirements of healthy drinkin

The utility model relates to a water maker from air, which comprises a refrigerating circulation device 1
for condensed air water making and a water treatment device, wherein the refrigerating circulation
device is composed of a compressor, a condenser, a capillary machine and an evaporator. The utility
model is characterized in that the side of the evaporator is provided with a blower which pumps air
into the evaporator for condensed water making; the water treatment device is composed of a primary
water tank, a water pump, a filtering and sterilizing device and a final-stage water tank, wherein the
primary water tank is arranged on the lower part of the evaporator; the water pump is arranged on an
outlet of the primary water tank, and is used for pumping water to the final-stage water tank via a
water suction pipeline; the filtering and sterilizing device is connected in series to the inner side of
water suction pipeline; a pipeline between the evaporator and the primary water tank is provided with
an activated carbon odor removing layer; the pipeline is also provided with an electrical control gear
which is controlled by a micro computer controller; a signal input end of the micro computer controller
is respectively connected with a temperature sensor which is arranged on the evaporator, and a water
level detecting probe which is arranged on the water tank and the final-stage water tank; a signal
output end is respectively connected with the compressor, the water pump and the blowe
The utility model relates to a spiral type water-purifying filter core, which comprises a water inlet pipe, 1
a filter core main body, a water outlet which is arranged at the bottom of the filter core main body, a
filter core bottom cover and a purified water outlet which is arranged on the filter core bottom cover.
The utility model is characterized in that the periphery of the filter core main body is provided with a
spiral filter core; the bottom of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the spiral filter core; the
upper part of the spiral filter core is connected with the filter core main body through a pipe connecting
box; the bottom of the filter core main body is provided with a filter core layer of an ultra-filtration
membrane filter core; the upper part of the filter core main body is provided with an exhaust port; a
ceramic filter core or a purifying filter core or a mineralization filter core or a magnetization filter core is
arranged between the filter core main body and the filter core bottom cover. Full consideration that
definite time is needed by an activated carbon micropore in the process of adsorption, a rotary type
and spiral type activated carbon filter core is arranged. Thus a permeation pathway of raw water is
elongated, the raw water is thoroughly absorbed by the activated carbon micropore and the quality of
purified water is improved. An ideal filter core element is provided for the purification of a water
drinking device which is matched with the existing water drinking machin

The utility model relates to a deep purification drinking machine employing titanium dioxide 1
photocatalyst, which comprises a prefilter and is fit with multi-stage filtration, and a waterer assembled
with a water bucket in which a photocatalysis cup composed of a cup bucket, an ultraviolet lamp in the
center of the cup bucket, titanium dioxide plated film glass tube around the ultraviolet lamp and
antisepsis glass micro beads filled among the cup bucket and the plated film glass tubes. The
antisepsis glass micro beads are respectively filled in filter cylinders of each stage of the prefilter of
the utility model. The drinking machine uses the prefilter to implement multi-stage filtration to tap
water, then uses the titanium dioxide photocatalyst to implement deep purification, can fully filter
suspended substances, granules and heavy metals in the water and can effectively kill bacteria and
decompose organic pollutants in the water so that drinking water of high purification standard can be
obtained. Because the antisepsis glass micro beads are added into the prefilter and the
photocatalysis cup, the bacteria can be effectively prevented from breeding, the service life of filter
media and the drinking machine and the cleaning period can be prolonged and the cleaning standard
of the drinking water can be improve

The utility model relates to the technical field of a water purifier, particularly a direct-flushing type 1
hollow fiber ultra-filtration filter core, which is mainly applied to a household water purifier. The direct-
flushing type hollow fiber ultra-filtration filter core is composed of a shell 1 and hollow fiber 2 which is
arranged in the shell 1, wherein a sealing device 9 is arranged between the end face of the shell and
the hollow fiber. One end face of the shell is provided with a tap water inlet end A and the other end
face is provided with a flushing water outlet end B. The utility model is characterized in that a purified
water collecting pipe 5 is arranged in the shell and a purified water inlet 6 is arranged on the wall of
the purified water collecting pipe; one end of the purified water collecting pipe is in a sealed state and
the other end is provided with a purified water outlet 7 which is led out from the end face of the shell.
The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly, convenient
maintenance, good purifying effect, et

The utility model relates to a portable ultra-filtering water purifier with a manpower pump (reference to 1
an attached picture of the summary), which is composed of a shell (10), a manpower pump (20), an
ultra-filtering device (30), a water channel system (40) and a pre-filtering device (50), wherein the
manpower pump, the water channel system and the ultra-filtering device are arranged in the shell and
the water channel system is connected with the pre-filtering device, the manpower pump and the
ultra-filtering device. The direction of water flow and the water supply pressure of the ultra-filtering
device are controlled by using up and down reciprocating movements of a piston of the manpower
pump and a suction one-way valve, a draining one-way valve and a safety valve of the water channel
system. Ground surface water which is not polluted can be purified by using the ultra-filtering device
of the portable ultra-filtering water purifier with a manpower pump, and water quality after purification
can be reached to the national sanitary standard for drinking water. The utility model is characterized
in that the portable ultra-filtering water purifier with a manpower pump has the advantages of
convenient carrying, practicality, simple operation, safety and sanitation, and is suitable for field
workers, armies and disaster rescu
The utility model relates to an activated direct-drinking water production device which comprises a 1
fibre filter element bucket, a granular activated carbon filter element bucket, an activated carbon rod
filter element bucket and an RO reverse osmosis membrane pipe, wherein tap water enters from a
water inlet triplet, passes through an electroplating ball valve to enter the fibre filter element bucket,
passes through a low-pressure switch to flow through the granular activated carbon filter element
bucket, the activated carbon rod filter element bucket and an electromagnetic valve, and flows into the
RO reverse osmosis membrane pipe after processed by a high-pressure water pump. One part of
purified water processed by the RO reverse osmosis membrane pipe passes through a stop valve to
enter a pressure bucket ball valve so as to flow into a water storage pressure bucket, and the other
part of the purified water passes through a high-voltage switch to flow through an activated water
processor and a postposition coconut shell activated carbon device and then enters a gooseneck tap.
The waste water processed by the RO reverse osmosis membrane pipe flows through a waste water
proportioner and an automatic washing electromagnetic valve to be discharged. The tap water
processed by the activated direct-drinking water production device has high energy and alkalescence,
improves the micro-circulation, adjusts the endocrine, activates the histiocyte and decreases the
blood viscosity with the effects of improving immunity, eliminating toxicant, extending life and
preventing agin

The utility model discloses an integral direct-supply water-purifying processor which is a water- 1
purifying device suitable for safe drinking water in countryside and has the advantages of high
efficiency, low consumption and integration. The processor is provided with a box body, wherein a raw
water pump is arranged outside the box body and is connected with a prefilter, the prefilter is provided
with a filtering net and is connected with a mould component, and the mould component is connected
with an air pressure pot and a backwashing water box, wherein the backwashing water box is
connected with a backwashing pump. The processor is provided with a frequency changing
economizer and a PLC full automatic controller for electric appliance control. The utility model has the
advantages that an existing water treating method is optimized and compared, and after the utility
model carries out reasonable combination, water treating products which can better satisfy the
requirements of water supply in countryside can be developed; the processor achieves the aims of
constant pressure for supplying water, full automatic operation, technical management and low
operational requirements; the processor has the advantages of low investment, low running cost, high
integral degree, wide range of applicable water quality, safe operation, long service life, simple
maintenance, simple management, etc. Serial approved products can be easily formed by the utility
mode

The utility model relates to integrating equipment for photocatalytic metal material water treatment,
which is mainly composed of a box body (1), a filter pool (2), a flow pushing device (3), photocatalyst
filter screen assemblies (4), a corridor (5) and a lamp pipe cable (6), wherein a water inlet and a
flange (12) are arranged on the side wall of the box body (1); the end part is provided with the filter
pool (2) which has a water distributing pipe (21); the corridor (5) which is composed of a partition plate
(51) and a corridor plate (52) is arranged in the box body; a plurality of the photocatalyst filter screen
assemblies (4) are vertically inserted in the corridor (5); the photocatalyst filter screen assemblies are
composed of photocatalyst filter screens (41) and ultraviolet lamp pipes (42); the flow pushing device
(3) is arranged on the appropriate position of the corridor (5). The utility model can be used for the
technology of intermediate water and water purification. Treated objects are water which comprises a
little of suspended substances and micro organic pollution water. The utility model has the advantages
of simple equipment structure, low cost, high efficiency, simple use, simple maintenance and simple
repai
The utility model discloses an on line regeneration reverse osmosis water purifier using a water 1
demineralization filtering core, which comprises a water inlet three-way which is connected by a pipe
line, a pre filter core, a lower water pressure switch, a water inlet electromagnetic valve, a charcoal
filter core, a water softening filter core, a high-pressure pump, a reverse osmosis membrane element,
a high water pressure switch, a pressure water bucket, a postposition activated charcoal filter core, a
tap, a back-flushing electromagnetic valve, a waste water proportional controller and a control circuit,
and all the components are all directly arranged or indirectly arranged inside and outside a machine
shell. The water softening filter core is arranged between the charcoal filter core and the high
pressure pump. The utility model is characterized in that the on line regeneration reverse osmosis
water purifier using a water demineralization filtering core also comprises a regenerating device of the
water softening filter core, and the regenerating device of the water softening filter core is composed
of a regenerating pipeline, a regenerating salt bucket which is connected to the regenerating pipeline
and a regenerating electromagnetic valve. Under the condition of no taking out of a filter bottle, the
on-line regeneration of softening resin can be carried out by the utility model, and at the same time,
the regenerating efficiency of a softening filter core is improved and the use period of the softening
filter core is prolonge

The invention relates to a device of multi-oxygen reducing water which belongs to renovated water 1
device. The reducing water device comprises a frame; a water tank is conjunct with the pipe in the two
sides of the frame. A landscape orientation pipe container, a portrait pipe container and the pump are
connecting in the frame. Oxygen anion generator is connecting with one side of the frame; every
container is connecting by the pipe. A landscape orientation pipe container, a portrait pipe container
respectively are: mechanical filter, ion fractionating acceptor, mineralize container, water magnetizer,
electronic activation capacitor, coarse filter, ultra filter, fine dispersion container and air water mixture
container. This apparatus of multi-oxygen reducing water is not only well design in the structure, and
stably in its work, but also low in manufacturing cost, long in its service life, better effects occur in
magnetization, electron activation and bed filtration. This invention can keep the microelement trace
element and mineral substance, Better in taste and metabolism metastasis in human body can be
adjust for longtime drinking, blood circulation can be prove, tiredness can be release, skin can be
beautify and body health can be enhanc

The utility model relates to an ultraviolet radiation water treatment sterilizer comprising a body of
sterilizer, a germicidal tube and a wiper, wherein the sole of body of sterilizer comprises a top, an
inferior cover glass and a case of the sterilizer. The germicidal tube is provided stand or lie down in
the center of the body of sterilizer. This ultraviolet radiation water treatment sterilizer of the utility
model eliminates pathogen in drinking water and waste water, and is suitable for the treatment of the
drinking water and for conducting second or third treatment of industrial water before the discharge or
reuse of the waste wate

This utility model discloses a ultraviolet multi-spectrum online water quality COD rapid measuring
instruments. Embedded microcomputer system is linked with network communication interface, LCD
liquid crystal display and touch-screen respectively, the control signal of embedded microcomputer
system is connected with spectrum scanning step motor,measure valve and clearing valve
respectively, circulation measures groove is connected with automatic washing equipment,water
sample outlet, clearing valve and measure valve respectively, measure valve is connected with inlet of
water sample to be measured, ultraviolet light emitted by deuterium lamp passes through the
measuring groove after gathering together, the ultraviolet light after being absorbed by water sample
is forcused and irradiate plane grating optical splitting system. After being splited, it irradiate silicon
photodiode which is connected with embedded microcomputer system. This utility model has
improved the applicability and measures accuracy of COD measuring instrument based on ultraviolet
absorption; It has achieved the goal of picking up water sample, cleansing measure groove and
measuring full automatically, improving the speed of online measure and suited for CODs analysis
test on environmental water and various waste water in the way of online,rapid and accurat
The utility model discloses an ultraviolet water treatment and disinfecting device, comprising of ballast
and ultraviolet lamp. The device is characterized in that ultraviolet lamp and power interface of
ultraviolet lamp are partly sealed in a module and they are linked with each other. The ultraviolet lamp
may be a single-end four-pin U-shape, while the ballast may be electronic ballast and the module is
made from insulation material. If adopting this disinfecting device, the energy in ballast can be taken
by water, which skillfully solves the problem of heat dispersion in water. U-shaped lamp can make use
of the superposition of light with high energy and consume less unit energy than straight lamp;
convenient installation for adopting single-end four-pin plug; the electronic ballast with cute volume
can give fuller play the performance and efficiency of ultraviolet lamp than electromagnetic ballast; the
module made from insulation material will not leak electricity while putting into the water. The device is
extensively used in a plurality of disinfection in wate

Disclosed is a silicate nano millipore multifunctional pure water vessel communicated by a bigger 1
silicate ceramic pot and a smaller silicate ceramic pot. The tap water enters into the bigger pot first,
after filtering, mineralizing, replacement activizing, and magnetizing of the caky reactant in the cavity
of the bigger pot, then the tap water injects into the smaller pot and gets the activizing purified water
whose pH value is between 6.8 and 7.8 by the imbibition of trilobed worm wheel silicate nano millipore
filter element tube. The selected silicate pot and the caky reactant of filter element of the pure water
vessel are calcinated by high temperature and have good chemical durability and high mechanical
strength, and the pure water vessel is harmless to human bod

A nano titanic anhydride photocatalyst water treating equipment comprises a casing body, an airtight
cover, a photocatalyst body, an ultraviolet lamp ,the casing body has a water inlet and a water outlet
,characterized in that the photocatalyst body is wire-mesh screen canister made of photocatalyst
material;at least one demarcation plate and at least two wire-mesh screen canisters made of
photocatalyst material in the casing body; the centre of the demarcation plate has a lamp-hole
provided for ultraviolet lamp to pass through, between the retention ring and the lamp-hole, a plurality
of water stomata are equipped on the demarcation plate; two adjacent wire-mesh screen canisters
are arranged on the demarcation plate; the wire-mesh screen canister has long service life for it is
made of photocatalyst material;the demarcation plate divides the lumen of casing body into a plurality
of chambers, the water through at least second wire-mesh screen canister's treatments, thereby
efficient; the airtight cover can be removably connected with the casing body, the wire-mesh screen
canister is mobilizably connected with the demarcation plate. The invention not only has multilevel
processing and highly efficient, but also is easy to be replaced and clean the par

The utility model relates to an activating natural water machine, consisting of three parts by 1
connecting. A water inlet is connected with an ultra filtration film container. The outlet of the ultra
filtration film container is connected with the water activator, which is connected with the active carbon
filter. The ultra filtration film container, the water activator and the active carbon filter are all installed in
the filter vat. The outlet of the active carbon filter is arranged in the filter vat with a water channel,
which is connected with the outlet of treated water .the upper end of the filter vat is connected with the
fully automatic controller provided with the inlet, the outlet and the back washing outlet of the whole
set of activating natural water machine. The utility model not only can guarantee the hygiene of the
water quality, but also has special structure .the activating natural water machine divides the chain
clusters of water molecules into unimolecules, bimolecules and hexagonal small micelles, which
enhances the dissolving power, penetrability, diffusion force, metabolic capacity, emulsifying power
and cleaning ability of the water molecules. In addition, the small molecules water masses are better
for the absorptio

A complex multi-mediums arsenic-removing and fluorine-reducing water cleaner mainly comprises a

multi-mediums filter tank (1), a frame (2), a fine filtration tank (3), a water pipe (4), an automatic
cleaning and controlling power distribution box (5), an automatic cleaning controller for the filter tank
(6), a control box for equipment operation (7), an ultraviolet sterilizer (8), a high pressure water pump
(9) and a magnetizer. Wherein a plurality of multi-mediums filter tanks (1) are row type connected with
the frame (2). Each of the multi-mediums filter tanks (1) is serialized with each multi-mediums filter
tank though the automatic cleaning controller for the filter tank (6). In turns the last filter tank is
serialized with the multi-mediums filter tank though the water pipe (4) and the magnetizer (9). The fine
filtration tank (3) and the ultraviolet sterilizer (8) are connected with the water cleaning and storing
equipment (11) though cleaned water outlet (44). The treatment process of the utility model is a
physical process without adding any chemical medicament. In addition, the utility model is low in
energy consumption, high in working efficiency and cost performance, capable of monitoring the
working process full-automatically and simple in using, maintenance and repairin
The utility model provides a healthy living necessary drinking water adopted central water purifier 1
which is composed of a purified water container barrel (1), an incoming water magnetization device
(2), a biologically active carbon possessing absorbing and degrading filter (3), a quartz ceramics
micro-pore pre-processing filter (4), a nano-filter (5), an automatic flushing valve (6), an amino acid
iodine sterilization nutriment adding device (7), a high-energy bioenergy active element adding device
(9), a ultraviolet ray sterilization device (8), an ozone sterilizer preserving device (10), a preserving
function possessing water tank (11), and a high-energy bioenergy active water outlet (12) respectively.
The utility model has the advantages of a reasonable structure, thorough sterilization, safe and
reliable operation, environmental protection, and energy saving and therefore is an ideal equipment
suitable for a healthy living necessary drinking water with quality assurance in both families and
medium and small-sized enterprise

This utility model provides an externally-compressed hollow fiber dialysis membrane component 1
including a shell and hollow fiber dialysis membrane threads with such features: two ends of said
hollow fiber dialysis membrane rests two ends at the length direction of the cylinder-shaped shell; one
end, at least, makes used of a binder to bind with the inner wall of the shell. This membrane
component is able to be fixed on the fountain and also a special water clarifier to eliminate bacteria,
suspending substance, macromolecular organism and other impurities and to reduce turbidity for
better water qualit

The utility model relates to a kitchen water cleaner which is composed of two rustless steel top cover 1
components with access gallery and drainage passage, rustless steel barrel components with purified
water exit, filter element components and the sealing ring. The utility model has the function of
producing water and washing smoothly. The utility model employs the hyperfiltration hollow fiber film
filter element and has a high filtrating precision and a large water yield, which can resolve the
condition of the consumer's kitchen water utilizatio

The utility model relates to a light-catalyzed water purifier, which comprises a body. A footstock 1
forming an outlet conduit and a foundation forming an inlet conduit are arranged on the top and the
bottom ends of the body. A set of glass tubes with photo-catalytic is arranged around an ultraviolet
lamp in the middle of the body. The upper and bottom ends, which are respectively arranged on the
footstock and the foundation, are respectively connected with the outlet conduit and the inlet conduit.
The utility model has the good effects that: 1) the purifier has the advantages of the high purification
capacity, the wide range of application, the persistent effect, the non-secondary pollution and the low
cost. 2) the physical adsorbing deodorization capacity of organic matters is stronger than the capacity
of activated carbons by 150 times. 3) the filter capacity of the low molecular organic matters is
stronger than the capacity of the current ultra filter membrane. 4) the organic matters in the water are
broken down into water and carbon dioxide eventually. 5) the base materials can be used arbitrarily
without replacing within three year

The utility model is provided with a micro-irrigation backwashing lamination filter whose basic 1
structure includes a filter shell for arranging the water inlet and outlet, a filter lamination arranged
inside the shell and a backwashing pipe arranged in the filter lamination. The utility model is
characterized in that a work filter chamber and a backwashing filter chamber are arranged inside the
filter shell; a backwashing water inlet is arranged in the backwashing filter chamber; the backwashing
pipe is a hydrodynamic rotator which moves up and down, perforates two filter chambers and is
concentrically arranged with the filter lamination; the backwashing hydrodynamic spray hole vertical to
the filter lamination is uniformly arranged on the backwashing pipe. As the hydrodynamic mechanism
of the hydrodynamic piston and backwashing pipe is adopted in the filter chamber, the utility model
can make the backwashing pipe rotate radially and move axially at the same time and control the
tightness and looseness of the filter lamination to make the filter laminations be washed in turn; during
backwashing the machine does not need to be stopped and the purified water is not needed to be
used; the three-way valve can be used to change the direction of the water flow; the water outlet is
closed which not only implements the backwashing during the irrigation process, but is also beneficial
for the popularization and application in the countr
This utility model discloses an ultraviolet C secondary water supply quality treatment system,
comprising a ground storage tank and a roof storage tank, wherein the water in the ground storage
tank is pumped into the roof storage tank. It also comprises an ultraviolet C-band sterilizer, via which
water from the roof storage tank flows into the residential pipe network. There are two quartz sand
filters between said ground and roof storage tanks; water is pumped from the ground storage tank into
the roof storage tank via both quartz sand filters. In this utility model, under the effective radiation of
C-band ultraviolet rays, various DNA structural bonds in viruses, bacteria and other pathogenetic
organisms in water are broken or photochemically polymerized, so that said viruses, bacteria and
other pathogenetic organisms will die or become sterile immediately without using any chemical. This
utility model sterilizes water and kills bacteria quickly and thoroughly, and can attain or exceed the
sterilization effect of chlorinatio

The utility model relates to a water system with function of water treatment and water supply, in 1
particular relates to a water purifying installation connected with water pipe, and the water can be
drunk directly after purified by this installation. One after another, the utility model is connected with
the water pipe network, an electric control cabinet, a device for depositing sands, a water storage tank
with an ozone generator for filtrating water for the first time, a micro filter, a water storage tank with an
ozone generator for purification, a water supply pump and terminal pipe network. The utility model is
characterized in that a titanium filter for ultra filtration connects the water storage tank for filtrating
water for the first time and the micro filter. The utility model has advantages of good effects of filtration,
high flow ratio and low operation cost. By using this utility model, fresh and clean water which can be
drunk directly is provided for end users at any tim

The utility model discloses a liquid purifier with backwash function and belongs to separation 1
technology. The technical problem need to solve by the utility model is to provide the liquid purifier
with backwash function, which is convenient to clean and has a long service life. The technical design
for the utility model is that the liquid purifier with backwash function, including a reservoir pool and a
purification, is characterized in that at least two filter elements are displaced on the separator in the
lower part within a shell of the water purifier, the lower part of an inner framework of the filter element
stretches into beneath of the separator and is connected with a liquid inlet pipe with a pump and a
valve and a discharge pipe with a valve, a radial hole of the inner framework of the filter element
above the separator is connected with an axial hole within the framework and a filter layer, the two
ends of the axial hole are totally enclosed, and a liquid outlet on the upper part of the water purifier is
connected with the inner part. The filter layer of the filter element is made up of ultra-high molecular
weight polyethylene sintering pipe. The utility model is used for liquid purificatio

The utility model discloses a mobile and integral drinking water purifier which consists of a water
intake head, an intake pump, a pipe-type mixer, a reaction sedimentation pool, a sand filtrating pool,
an adsorption filtrating pool, a pressure pump, a fine-filtrating sterilizer, an ultra-filtrating sterilizer and
an ultraviolet sterilizer, a water storage box, a backwashing pump, a feeding device and a power
distribution control box. The reaction sedimentation pool is composed of a table-flap reacting area, a
sloped tube sedimentation area and a clear water area as well as a threaded mud collecting tube for
exhausting mud under the gravity. The sand filtrating pool is gravity and non-valve type. The water
purifier combines all processing units into a whole, which can be delivered directly to the building site
by trucks. When the water supply is switched on, the device can purify the lake water into drinking
water directly. The purifier can be designed and manufactured respectively according to the amount of
water usage. The utility model also has the advantages of small size, intellectual capability, small
volume, low energy consumption, high level of self-operation, good mobility and simple operation,
easy maintenance, good and stable water quality, as well as low investmen

The utility model relates to a water purifier for home use, which comprises a filter device, a high-
quality active carbon fiber suction device, a filter screen, a filter paper, an icon exchange column and
an ultraviolet radiation sterilization device. The water purifier for home use is specialized in that the
filter devicon exchange column is used to remove the ionized substances, and the ultraviolet radiation
sterilization device is used to purify the water for home use. It has advantages of a simple structure
and environmental protectio
The utility model discloses a sterilization and water handling equipment with nanometer titania, which
comprises a pool body, wherein, on the pool body is arranged an inlet pipe, in the bottom of the pool
body is arranged a valve and an outlet pipe, a air inlet connects with the inner chamber of the pool
body, inside the pool body is arranged a loaded nanometer titania composite board, and up the pool
body is positioned a ultra violet ray light source. The utility model applies the loaded nanometer titania
composite board composed by titania powder and a porous nickel mesh with small holes, with
photocatalysis and atmosphere mixing to uniformly sterilize germs and the sterilization rate of the
germs in the water reaches 95% after 120 minutes, so as to substantially decrease aquatic diseases,
and increase aquatic breeding production and economic benefits. The utility model is not only suitable
for water handling in small pools with fries and shrimps, but also used for sterilization and water
handling in fish ponds in hotels, supermarkets and restaurant and in fish bowls for spectacular fishes
for home us

The utility model relates to a floating island type solar energy photovoltaic nano water purifying device 1
which is composed of a filling barrel, a water distribution tray, a gas-lift pump and a solar energy
photovoltaic air pump. A hard tube and a water outlet tube are arranged at the bottom of the filling
barrel, a foam plastic floating body is arranged at the periphery of the filling barrel, at least two layers
of screen plates are arranged at intervals in the filling barrel, various biological water purification nano
materials are filled between screen plates, the bottom of the water distribution tray is provided with a
perforation, the water distribution tray is composed of groove plates and all grooves are
communicated, a filtering sponge is laid in the groove, the filling barrel is covered by the water
distribution tray, a gas tube is arranged in the hard tube, one end of the gas tube is communicated
with the gas pump, the other end of the gas tube is communicated with a gas dispersion stone, the
upper end of the hard tube is extended out from the water distribution tray, two solar energy
photovoltaic plates are respectively connected with the filling barrel, the output circuit of the solar
energy photovoltaic plate is respectively connected with the storage battery and the gas pump
through the control circuit of the charge and discharge controller. The utility model is applied in field
fish pond, sewage treating factory, and contamination restoration water and landscape are

A novel high-energy active water processor comprises a nano-filtration processing device and a high- 1
frequency magnetization device which are connected mutually, wherein the nano-filtration processing
device comprises a water inlet pump 1 which connects with a general water inlet tube of a diffluence
tube 2, and the diffluence tube 2 is provided with a plurality of water outlet tubes with each water
outlet tube connecting a nano-filtration tube 3 with an inwardly equipped filtration film 5. The outlet of
each filtration tube 3 respectively connects with a water inlet tube of a conflux tube 4 whose general
water outlet tube connects with an inlet of the high-frequency magnetization device. Water processed
by this novel high-energy active water processor has cells activation, enhancing immunity, strong
penetration and metabolic promotion, and has the functions of strong solvency, treatment effects
promotion, high oxygen content, bacteriostatic and health-care functions, thereby being the healthiest
drinking water at presen

The utility model discloses a photo oxidation water processing equipment comprising a reaction
chamber, a close board, a spinneret, an ozone producer, a quartz sleeve, a fluidic device, a pressure
pump, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the upper end of the reaction chamber is provided
with the water inlet and the lower end, provided with the water outlet. The quartz sleeve is positioned
in the reaction chamber and connected to the air inlet nut and the air outlet nut on both sides. The
ozone producer is positioned in the center of the quartz sleeve. The inside of the non-corrosive steel
reaction chamber is polished. The utility model has the following advantages: 1. Special ozone
generator is not necessary, which lowers the manufacturing cost of the high-class oxidized water
processing equipment. 2. Utilization rate of the ultraviolet is increased. 3. The performance in
processing the drinking water in depth and waste water is excellent and reaches the relevant national
standar
The utility model purifier relates to a treatment device for drinking device, in particular to a treatment 1
device for direct drinking water; the utility model comprises a barrel-shape outer shell which is
provided with a water filling port and a water purifying port at both ends of the outer part and is empty
in the middle; the outer shell is provided with a filtering core component; the end of one side for the
outer shell is provided externally with a end cover washer, a filling port end cover, an end cover press
sheet, an octagonal screw and nut, a ring-shape washer, a vibration proof washer and a screw for
fixing; the end of the other side for the outer shell is provided externally with a screw nut, an end cover
washer, a purifying port end cover, an end cover press sheet, an octagonal screw and nut, a ring-
shape washer, a vibration proof washer and a screw for fixing; the filtering core component is
provided from inner to outer part at radial direction with copper-zinc alloy layer, a bag for copper-zinc
alloy setting, an inner pipe for filtering core, an ultra-filtration membrane and an outer pipe for filtering
core, both ends of which is sealed using epoxy resin. The utility model has the advantages of large
volume of water out; convenient using; adoption of fixing leg base; convenient installing; energy
saving and environmental protection; all material are food level; no any side effect; long life spa

The utility model discloses a swimming pool water purifying trough, which is arranged on the edge of
the swimming pool and connected into an externally circulating waterway of the swimming pool. The
utility model comprises a water trough body and a photocatalysis plate arranged inside the water
trough body. The water trough body is connected with the inlet pipe of the externally connected
circulating waterway. The circulating pool water flows into the pool via the photocatalysis plate of the
water trough body. Since the water purifying trough is arranged on the edge of the swimming pool,
and the photocatalysis plate is provided inside the water trough body, when the photocatalysis is
irradiated by UV light, electrons on the titanium atom will be excitated and form an electron sink. The
water and oxygen in the air will be decomposed into hydroxyl free radicals and divalent negative
oxygen ions and will have very strong oxidation capacity which has the ability to make hazardous
substances decompose into carbon dioxide and water, and therefore achieves purposes of pollution
control, sterilization and odor removal. While water in the swimming pool circularly flows through the
water purifying trough via the externally arranged pump, the photocatalysis plate can make the water
purification treatment to guarantee physical safety to huma

The utility model discloses a pure water device which recycles concentrated water in the process of 1
using anti-penetration membrane to produce pure water and using ultra filtration device at the same
time. The water treatment device of the utility model which can recycle all the concentration water
consists of a pure water production line which consists of a water inlet pipe, an anti-penetration water
intake pump, an electromagnetic valve B, an anti-penetration membrane, and an anti-penetration
water outlet pipe connected in turn, and a purifying water production line which includes a middle
water tank, an ultra filtration water intake pump, an ultra filtration membrane and an ultra filtration
water outlet pipe connected in turn. An anti-penetration concentrated water pipe is arranged between
the anti-penetration membrane and the middle water tank. Behind the anti-penetration water inlet
pump an electromagnetic valve A is connected in parallel, which is connected with the middle water
tank via the pipes. The utility model can make full use of the whole concentrated water of anti-
penetration, which not only saves the precious water resource on the earth, but also makes the area
which is lack of water resources use anti-penetration devic

The utility mode relates to an on-site preparation and selling machine for purified water by
ultrafiltration, which integrates the preparation, heating and filling of purified water by ultrafiltration.
The utility model is to solve the problems of the ultrafiltration-based water purification device in the
prior art, including separate operation of the purified water preparation and filling, easiness to occur
secondary pollution, large floor area and high preparation cost. The utility model comprises a chassis
assembly, and a circuit controller assembly. A water pump system assembly, a filtering system
assembly, a water tank assembly, a heating system assembly, and a filling pipe assembly are
disposed inside the chassis assembly. The raw water is introduced into the filtering component of the
filtering system assembly from the water outlet of the water pump system assembly for filtering, then
introduced into the water tank body for sterilizing by an ultraviolet sterilization device, and then heated
by the heating system assembly and connected with the filling pipe. The utility model integrates
preparation and filling processes; has the advantages of small floor area, easy operation, no
secondary pollution, and saving water utilization cost; and can be used in enterprise, hotel and schoo
The utility model discloses a new-fashioned photoelectric water purification device. One or more
photoelectric catalyzing treatment structures comprising a photo catalysis net, a UV-lamp or a silica
tube as well as a splitter is arranged in the reaction chamber; the UV-lamp or quartz lamp is sealed in
the reaction chamber. The utility model can effectively kill the alga and bacteria, and have the effect of
killing the alga, thus improving the biodegradability of the pollutant in water, intensifying the biological
reserve and zoology repair harness. In addition, the utility model can be used in the presence of
people without bringing about an injury to human body, and for the purification of the water of the
watercourse, the lake, the aquatic animals and the swimming pol

The utility model provides an ultraviolet sterilization drinking water purification plant, comprising a
shell and an active carbon filter unit; the active carbon filter unit is a cylindrical member composed of
filter materials; the utility model also comprises an ultraviolet sterilization assembly. The ultraviolet
sterilization assembly is positioned inside the active carbon filter unit. A splitter is arranged between
the active carbon filter unit and the ultraviolet sterilization assembly; the splitter is a cylindrical
structure, an opening is arranged at the bottom. The ultraviolet sterilization drinking water purification
plant can effectively remove different kinds of particle impurities and suspended materials, and can
completely destroy the microbe accreted on the filter element with less pressure loss, long
performance life, integration design, compact mechanism and small occupying spac

The utility model discloses an apparatus which is used to clean hyperfiltration or filterable membrane 1
elements, including a pressure vessel used for the installation of the hyperfiltration or filterable
membrane elements, a water tank which holds chemical scrubbing solution, a pump which transports
the chemical scrubbing solution in the water tank to the pressure vessel. The scrubbing water outlet of
the water tank is communicated with the water inlet of the pressure vessel by a water pipe, passing
the pump. The outlet of the pressure vessel is communicated with the backwater entrance of the tank
by the water pipe. With the utility model, the scale-formed or filth-filled hyperfiltration or filterable
membrane elements in the apparatus can be dismantled and put in the above pressure vessel so as
to be effectively and evenly rinsed by water ormedicine, and thus the active filtering area of the
membrane elements can be restored. Besides, the whole scrubbing apparatus is simply structured,
easy to assemble, and highly practica

A micro electrolyzed circulating water purifying kettle includes a body of the kettle and a filter carrier, 1
and is characterized in that on the filter carrier is connected with the micro electrolyzed circulating
water filter linked with the activity of the filter, thereamong the purifying filters are arranged with an
upper layer and a lower layer respectively. Because the filter carrier has two layers of purifying filters,
the water can be totally purified, while the micro electrolyzed circulating water filter element is to
achieve the micro electrolyzed activation of the water that has already been purified. The only thing
needs to be done is to put the boiled water or the qualified tap water (mineral spring water etc) into
the kettle, then through the purifying filter and the electrolyzed circulating water filter, the degraded
disfunctional huge micellaed water (the qualified tap water, mineral spring water) can be transformed
into energy water which has strong physiological function and powerful dissolving, osmotic, diffusion,
metaboly, emulsifying, as well as resultant capability. The whole process is simple and convenient,
with no need of installation. The PH value of the electrolyzed water can reach 8.5~9.0, ORP value can
reach 150mv~400m

The utility model relates to an energy-activated water clarifier with multi-staged filtering comprising of 1
a shell, a water inlet, a water outlet, a group of filter cartridges, filter element, the utility model is
characterized in that the group of the filter cartridges is consisted of seven cartridge filters, each
cartridge filter is equipped with a filter element, wherein, filter element of the A cartridge filter is a
polypropylene melted-blown filter element, filter element of the B cartridge filter is an ultra micro filter
element made up of the activated charcoal, filter element of the C cartridge filter is an activated
charcoal filter element with high precision which comprises the compressed activated charcoal stick,
filter element of the D cartridge filter is an ultra micro filter element made up of mill micron porous
membrane synthesized by high molecular material, filter element of the E cartridge filter is consisted
of a mill micron biochemistry ceramic and a Holds Masurium Lin tourmaline, filter element of the F
cartridge filter is made up of delicate china medical stone, filter element of the G cartridge filter is a
crystalline coconut-shell activated charcoal, seven cartridge filters are connected with water pipe. The
utility model can be applied to change tap water into clean and health drinking water, and is
reasonable in structure, and safe to appl
A pressure-type magnetic micro-pore filtering material filtration device for iron and manganese 1
removal is characterized in that an aerator is connected with the inlet of a water tank whose outlet is
connected with the inlet of a strong magnetizer via an operation pump and a backwash pump, which
are joined in parallel. The outlet of the strong magnetizer is divided into 1-n ways, which are
respectively connected with inlets of 1-n filters whose outlets are connected with a general exhaust
pipe, wherein the general exhaust pipe is simultaneously connected with a general exhaust valve and
a forthwash blow-down valve respectively. The backwash pump is connected with the outlet of the
filter via a backwash valve and the inlet of the filter is connected with a backwash blow-off valve
simultaneously. The filter, provided with an outlet at the bottom, an air-vent and an inlet on the top, is
filled with micro-pore filtering material. The utility model has the advantages of rapid iron removal and
good effec

A double-pass groundwater iron removal filtration device comprises a pump, a filtration container, a 1
filter rod, an oxygenator, an oxygen measuring meter, an exhaust valve, a filter rod support frame, a
filter head and a manual multi-valve control switch. The utility model uses an ultra membrane multi-
layer foldable filter rod and an ''adsorption principle'' of Fe, filters the iron bearing groundwater under
the iron removal standard of less than or equal to 0.3 ppm to the iron bearing groundwater under the
iron removal standard of less than or equal to 0.05 ppm, thereby meeting the requirement of users
which requires high water quality. The utility model is designed reasonable with a simple structure,
wherein the iron removal of the groundwater is not limited in possessing oxidation or catalytic abilities
and materials, thereby enlarging the selection range of filtration materials, and being capable of
creating various filtration mechanisms, in which the filtration speed is 10 times than custom filtration
speed. The utility model has the advantages of long life, easy maintenance and low cost, and is
suitable for extension and applicatio

The utility model relates to an ''ultrafiltration water purifier'', which comprises a filtering system; the 1
utility model is characterized in that the filtering system comprises five levels of filter device, and the
five levels of filter device are connected in series. The utility model ultrafiltration water purifier purifies
contaminated water source into drinkable water by means of five-level serial filter devices. The utility
model has the advantages of small volume, light weight, easiness to make, use and clean, convenient
regeneration and replacement, low energy consumption, high flexibility, can be fixed, or carried
onboard, is an economically applicable new type of water purification equipmen

The utility model discloses an improved water purifying device which uses activated carbon as the 1
adsorption medium. The water purifying device is composed of a casing, a concentrated water
chamber, activated carbon and a water purifying chamber. The water purifying device is characterized
in that filtering membranes made of polymer materials are provided between the concentrated water
chamber and the activated carbon, the activated carbon and the water purifying chamber. The filtering
membranes made of polymer materials has an ideal micro-porous membrane trapping function and a
sufficient strong mechanical strength. The improved water purifying device can efficiently remove
foreign matters and organics which are harmful for the human body in the water, undertake the
purifying requirement for the high-flow rate water and extend the service lif

The utility model provides a water purifying and processing machine which comprises a water inlet
system, a filter system, an ozone filling system and an ultraviolet irradiation system. Drinking water is
purified and processed in a physics and a chemical methods, such as ozone, ultraviolet rays, a filter,
etc., by means of the two functions that the ultraviolet rays not only can be used for sterilization, but
also can make air or oxygen produce the ozone. Because the ozone is recycled in the process of
processing water, and thereby, secondary pollution is avoided. The water purifying and processing
machine provided by the utility model not only has the advantages of low cost, energy consumption
saving, low running cost, convenience, easy use, etc., but also can be assembled so as to satisfy the
needs when the number of water to be processed is larg

The utility model discloses a fine filtering and sterilizing device for drinking water which uses micro- 1
bores to filter and sterilizing balls to sterilize. The fine filtering and sterilizing device for drinking water
adopts the structure of a powdered activated carbon micro-bore adsorption pipe, a water sealing pipe
and an adsorption layer, adsorbing terminal points are displayed, and the user can directly watch
sterilizing balls losing the sterilizing function. The fine filtering and sterilizing device for drinking water
can ensure no repeated pollution, and the purified water can be directly drank and is sterile. The
powdered activated carbon adsorption pipe can be reused more than ten times. The fine filtering and
sterilizing device for drinking water has the advantages of long service life and low cost, and the fine
filtering and sterilizing device for drinking water has many types and sizes for family, collective,
treatment and swimming poo
The utility model discloses a purification and mineralization installation of water for daily use, making
use of the technique of electrodialysis, comprising an adsorption filter [1], a fine filter [2], an
electrodialyzer [5], a mineralization liquid reservoir [7], a mineralization liquid adding device [8], an
ultraviolet sterilizer [9], etc. The assembly design of the electrodialyzer adopts the form of one level
multistage multi film pairs, and the ratio of desalinization of the electrodialyzer is about 80%. The
purification and mineralization installation of the water for daily use has function of adding various
trace elements beneficial to the health such as K, F, I, Zn, etc., high purifying capacity, and pure
quality of water purified with favorable mouth fee

[From equivalent US4372860] By a method and an apparatus for cleaning water in a swimming pool,
the water is circulated successively through a plurality of flow chambers divided by partitions. In the
front chamber bar-shaped heating bodies are located transverse to the flow direction of the water, and
in the succeeding chamber ultraviolet radiation lamps are located transverse to the flow direction, said
lamps radiating light at lambda >300 nm. In a last chamber ultraviolet radiation lamps are located
which radiate light at lambda <300 nm. When the water passes through the container, skin squames
and the like organisms collect on the heating bodies, whereas the ultraviolet radiation lamps in the
chamber ensure such a disinfection that only a quite small amount of fresh water need to be supplied
to the swimming pool. The ultraviolet radiation lamps serve to kill the bacteria resistant to chlorine.

N/A 1

In the present invention, there is disclosed a plant for producing potable water from brackish water,
sea water, surface and waste water, comprising a suction unit, a reverse osmosis unit, a final
treatment unit, and auxiliary modules, whereby the invention is characterized in that the water
production plant is mobile and all the three units including the auxiliary modules are disposed within
an ISO container of maximum size i.e. a maximum length of 5440 mm, width of 2020 mm an height of
2020 mm wherein the total weight thereof is at the most 3500 kg and the production capacity of the
plant is in the range of 18 000 to 72 000 l/24 hours. The suction unit is preferably of ultrafiltration type
and consists of a tank (1) accommodating at least one hollow collecting frame (2) with at least one
bundle (10) of ultrafiltration fibers with pore size ranging from 0.1 to 0.05 microns. An aeration
element (9) is located close to the tank (1) bottom, in said tank (1) lower portion, there is an inlet (7)
and outlet (8) of raw water, and the collecting frames (2) are connected via a rinsing system with
suction pumps (3) of treated water wherein said suction pump outlets are connected to a second tank
(15) of treated wate

In the present invention, there is disclosed a process for decontamination of underground water from 1
waste dumps from refinement and mineral oils deposits, consisting in that water at first passes
through pre-treatment, where it disposes in settling equipment content of free crude oil phases and
mechanical impurities and then is pumped through homogenizing tank (1), where it is mixed with
retenate generated from filtration (20) by reverse osmosis, to divider (4) together with addition of lime
or sodium hydroxide, from where it is conducted to oxidizing colonies (6), where it is submitted to
fraction precipitation phase by aerating, and during which salts of heavy metals and aluminum are
precipitated. Pour from these colonies is conducted to serially connected stripping towers, where
volatile components, especially chlorohydrocarbons are removed, and from these towers the purified
water enters further together with addition of lime and sodium a thickening reactor (9), where are
performed desalting processes and sedimentation of lime precipitate, which is conducted away to
sludge presses (14), whereas pour from the thickening reactor (9) together with filtrate from sludge
press (14) is submitted to controlled coagulation in sludge contact clarifier (13) that imposes removal
of contaminating residues, and further is clarified water filtrated in sand filters (16) and filters with
active filling (17), it is purified by membrane filtration and/or micro-filtration and/or reverse osmosi
Membranfiltrationsvorrichtung, umfassend: 1
&#8211; eine Vielzahl von ebenen Membranfilterelementen, die zu einem Membranpaket verbunden
und innerhalb des Membranpakets parallel und beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind,
&#8211; eine das Membranpaket allseits umschließende Wandung, innerhalb welcher
&#8211; zumindest ein stromaufwärts von den Membranfilterelementen liegender Einlassraum
ausgebildet ist, der mit zumindest einer Einlassöffnung zum Zuführen einer zu filternden
Flüssigkeit in Verbindung steht, und
&#8211; zumindest ein stromabwärts von den Membranfilterelementen liegender Auslassraum
ausgebildet ist, der mit zumindest einer Auslassöffnung zum Abführen eines durch Filterung
entstehenden gefilterten Anteils der Flüssigkeit in Verbindung steht,
&#8211; eine Schwingungseinheit, welche mit dem Membranpaket und der Wandung verbunden ist,
um diese in einer Richtung in Schwingungen zu versetzen, die parallel zu den
Membranfilterelementen verlaufen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwingungseinheit mit einem Rahmen verbunden ist, der das
Membranpaket umgibt und der mittels zumindest einer Feder, deren Hauptrichtung der Federwirkung
sich parallel zur Ebene der Membranfilter.

A cross-flow water filter is installed in a portable case and is operated using electrical power from a 1
solar cell panel, wind generator or other regenerative power source. Inside the case is a base-plate
which provides physical support to the water pipes and purification system consisting of coarse filter,
fine filter, cross-slow filter module, pump etc. The case further contains instruments which monitor
water quality e.g. pH and sedimentary content of both raw and treated wate

Treatment of polluted water, especially production or waste water in an at least partly closed cycle 1
such as in the paper industry comprises (i) concentrating to up to at least 20 wt.% dry or residual
material; (ii) recycling or moving on the purified water (permeate); and (iii) combusting the concentrate
without drying it. Independent claims are also included for (1) an apparatus for the process
comprising (a) a pre-purification unit (24a, 24b, 42, 12a); (b) a fine purification unit (14, 16, 18) to
remove any remaining residues from stage (a); and (c) a thermal evaluation unit (11) in which the
residual material is combusted; and (2) treatment of Ca-containing water in an at least partly closed
cycle such as in the paper industry comprising a pre-treatment followed by membrane filtration or
reverse osmosis, the pre-treatment involving use of an additive forming a compound or a complex
with the C

In a process to reduce the quantity of polychlorinated biphenols (PCBs) in liquids such as water, the 1
liquid is passed through an ultra-fine filter made especially of thermally-bundled polypropylene micro-
fibres. The mass of fibres is a complex and pressed winding forming a filter fineness of 1m. The ultra-
fine filter is preceded by a pre-filter made of woven cotton and having a filter fineness of approx. 5 m.
Liquid is fed to the ultra-fine filter by a pump. Filtered fluid is returned to the inlet side of a parallel
array of ultra-fine filters several times for repeat treatment. Also claimed is a filter assembly with ultra-
fine filters (8) cotton pre-filters (2) and a pump (3

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum automatischen Betreiben einer Ultrafiltrationsanlage zur 1
Trinkwasseraufbereitung in einer Hausinstallation, bei dem Rohwasser durch zumindest ein
Filtermodul (1, 2) geleitet wird, wobei das Chlordioxid als Desinfektionsmittel mengenproportional
dosiert zugegeben und ein Rückspülbetrieb mit Chlordioxidzugabe automatisch auf Grundlage
von Sensorwerten oder einer Zeitschaltung eingeleitet wir

[From equivalent DE10042073A1] Device for membrane-controlled extraction of organic substances 1

(I), dissolved in water, comprises (i) an extraction chamber (1), filled with liquid (5), the walls (4) of
which are made at least partly from membrane and (ii) at least one solid-phase extraction fiber (2)
arranged, by means of a spacer (3), so that it does not touch (4
A water treatment process for standing water, such as ponds, has a floating filter within a housing 1
through which water is pumped. Water is drawn from the pond and returned to the pond. The filter
housing contains especially a supply of nutrients for selected micro-organisms. An Independent claim
is also included for an assembly in which nutrients are present as water-soluble solids or are fixed to
a solid substrate. The filter consists of a plastic three-dimensional spun plastic matrix with a hollow
chamber in which the micro-organisms reside. The filter material is made up of extruded plastic thread
mesh with 4 to 300 knots per cubic cm. The actual filter is cylindrical, an ellipsoid, cubic, rectangular,
tetrahedral or octagona

Process for treating rinsing water comprises subjecting the rinsing water to a membrane separation 1
process and returning the concentrate of the process to the phosphating bath. The permeate of the
membrane separation process is demineralized and returned as rinsing water. Preferred Features:
The membrane separation process is a nanofiltration or reverse osmosis. Before membrane
separation, the rinsing water is subjected to mechanical filtration. Before membrane separation, the
pH of the rinsing water is reduced to the level in the phosphating bat

A separation assembly has a micro-porous membrane through which permeate fluid is drawn by 1
piston action. The piston action is then reversed. One part of the permeate is expelled and the other
part reverse-flushes the membrane. Independent claims are also included for: (1) a suitable
assembly with a cylinder (4) and piston (5), where the piston is moved by a push-pull drive unit (7);
and (2) a permeate chamber (2) and membrane (1), where part of the permeate is ejected through an
outlet (6

Container has connections (69, 70) for supply and removal of water. A holder (66) holds a UV-C light
source (54) such that it irradiates the water that is passing along it killing any germs. A sensor (64)
measures the intensity of light after it has passed through the water. A second sensor (1) is provided
for measuring the light intensity directly and is positioned within the container. A computer program
using the measured intensity values in conjunction with a characteristic curve showing the loss of
intensity with time of the light source to determine if the light source requires replacing, if the glass
walls have become dirty, et

Process for purifying and disinfecting aqueous media comprises applying a photocatalyst to the
surface of a porous support material, inserting an oxidant through the support to the catalyst surface;
introducing the medium to be treated in a counter current manner, and irradiating the outer surface of
the support material covered with the photocatalyst and the medium to be treated using UV-C
radiators arranged around the reactor. An Independent claim is also included for a device for carrying
out the process comprising a quartz tube (8) for the medium to be treated arranged in a container
having a metal casing (7), UV-C radiators (9) arranged uniformly around the quartz tube, and a
support (10) for a photocatalyst fixed in the tube. Preferred Features: The support is made from a
porous material in a cylindrical shape with a screw-like outer surface. The support is made from metal,
metal oxide or quart
Bei einem Verfahren zur Abtrennung einer flüssigen diskontinuierlichen Nebenphase aus einer 1
flüssigen Hauptphase, insbesondere zur Abtrennung von Ölanteilen aus Abwässern, erfolgt in
einem ersten Reinigungsschritt eine mechanische Druckentölung, anschließend wird das derart
vorgereinigte Flüssigkeitsgemisch in einem zweiten Reinigungsschritt einer Membranfiltration
unterzogen, wobei das entstehende Retentat erneut der mechanischen Druckentölung zugeführt
wird. Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens besteht aus einer Kombination eines
mechanischen Druckentölungssystems und eines diesem nachgeschalteten Membranmoduls,
wobei die in diesem Membranmodul eingesetzten Membranen als Hybridmembran aufgebaut sind,
bei denen auf einen keramischen Träger eine Beschichtung aufgebracht ist und die Trennwirkung im
Zwischenbereich von Mikro- und Ultrafiltration liegt. Das mechanische Druckentölungssystem
besteht aus einem Vorentöler mit einem Mehrphasen-Trennprofil, in den ein mechanischer
Emulsions- und Schaum-Brecher integriert ist. Dem Membranmodul ist ferner eine Reinigungseinheit
in Form einer Rückspüleinrichtung zugeordnet. Außerdem sind eine frequenzgeregelte
Förderpumpe für den Transport des zu reinigenden Abwassers in den Vorentöler sowie zur
Erzeugung der für den Prozeß erforderlichen Überströmgeschwindigkeit im Membranmodul eine
nachgeschaltete Kreiselpumpe vorgesehen. Eine Kontrolleinheit dient unter anderem zur
Prozeßüberwachung, zur Ansteuerung der Pumpen .

Es wird eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Filtern und Trennen von Strömungsmedien (15), insbesondere 1
nach dem Prinzip der Ultrafiltration, vorzugsweise von salzhaltigen, flüssigen Medien,
vorgeschlagen, umfassend ein druckdichtes Gehäuse (11) mit einem Einlaß (12) für das
Strömungsmedium (15) und Auslässen (13, 14) für das Retentat sowie das Permeat und einer
Mehrzahl im Gehäuse (11) aufgenommener, voneinander beabstandeter Filterelemente (17), die
nach Art eines Membrankissens ausgebildet sind und die vom Strömungsmedium (15) umflossen
werden, wobei im Gehäuse (11) eine Mehrzahl von gesonderten Stapeln (18) von Membrankissen
(17) hintereinander angeordnet ist und wobei die Stapel (18) hintereinander vom Strömungsmedium
(15) umflossen werden. Dabei werden die Membrankissen (17) im Stapel (18) derart angeordnet,
daß das Strömungsmedium (15) die Membrankissen (17) nacheinander mäanderförmig
umström

A process for filtering a liquid (I) comprises: (i) feeding (I) through a feed pipe (2) to a feed tank (1), 1
from which it is fed through a filter (4); (ii) removing the filtrate through a discharge pipe (6) and
concentrating; and (iii) feeding the concentrate back into the tank. A process for filtering a liquid (I)
comprises: (i) feeding (I) through a feed pipe (2) to a feed tank (1), from which it is fed through a filter
(4); (ii) removing the filtrate through a discharge pipe (6) and concentrating; and (iii) feeding the
concentrate back into the tank. The feed tank is emptied when the concentration in it reaches a value
suitable for further filtration. During short concentration phases the filtrate is not fed back to the feed
tank, but into a collecting tank (9). When the desired concentration is reached, the feed tank is
emptied and normal operation resumed. An Independent claim is also included for the apparatus used
to carry out the proces

Die Erfindung betrifft eine UV-Bestrahlungsvorrichtung für die Behandlung von Fluiden,
insbesondere von Wasser oder Abwasser,
- mit einer von dem Fluid in einer Strömungsrichtung durchströmbaren Bestrahlungskammer, die
einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist und von zwei Seitenwänden sowie von
einer Bodenwand und einer Deckenwand begrenzt ist,
- mit einer Anzahl von Lampeneinheiten, die jeweils eine Strahlungsquelle und ein die
Strahlungsquelle umgebendes Hüllrohr aufweisen, wobei die Lampeneinheiten im wesentlichen
zylindrisch ausgebildet sind und wobei
- die Lampeneinheiten in wenigstens einer Querrichtung zu der Strömungsrichtung angeordnet sind,
wobei
- zumindest die Seitenwände und die Bodenwand aus einem nichtmetallischen Werkstoff gefertigt
sind und
- der Abstand zweier sich in der Querrichtung gegenüberliegender Wände kleiner oder gleich der
Entladungslänge der Strahlungsquelle is
Verfahren zur biologischen und biochemischen Aufbereitung von Wasser, vorzugsweise von
Poolwasser und Reaktor zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, nach dem, in einen von schwebenden
Verunreinigungen gereinigten Wasserstrom ein ionisierter und mit Ozon angereicherter Luftstrom zur
Unterstützung der Oxydation im Aktivkohlefilter zugeführt wird und anschließend der
Wasserstrom einer photochemischen und photokatalytischen Oxydation in einem Reaktor unterzogen
wird, der mit einem UV-C-Strahler und mit UV-C-strahlendurchlässigen Rohren ausgebildet ist, die
Rohre teilweise mit einem Titanoxid-Granulat gefüllt sind, das beim Durchströmen des
Wasserstroms in Schwebe gehalten wird und in Verbindung mit der UV-C-Strahlung die katalytische
Oxydation auslöst. Das im Reaktor prozeßbedingt erzeugte Ozon wird in ein Ionisationsmodul
eingeleitet und als Radikale in den Wasserstrom vor dem Aktivkohlefilter despergier

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Auftrennen eines Fluidgemisches in mindestens zwei 1
seiner Bestandteile mit einer Arbeitskammer (12) und einer Ruhekammer (14), die der Aufnahme des
Fluidgemisches sowie von abgesetzten Bestandteilen desselben dient und aus der mittels einer
Motor-Pumpeneinheit (16) für das Durchführen einer Filtration mittels eines Querstromfilters (18)
das Fluidgemisch in die Arbeitskammer (12) gelangt. Dadurch, daß die Motor-Pumpeneinheit (16)
aus einer Tauchpumpe gebildet ist, die zusammen mit dem Querstromfilter (18) als Baueinheit in der
Arbeitskammer (12) aufgenommen ist, ist ein Zweibehälter-Konzept realisiert, wobei ein Behälter
als Ruhekammer dient und der andere Behälter als Arbeitskammer, in dem die angesprochene
Baueinheit aufgenommen ist. Dadurch ist eine vielfältig einsetzbare Vorrichtung geschaffen, die
wenig Bauraum einnimmt und insbesondere für einen mobilen Einsatz geeignet is

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Wasser mittels Hohlfaser-Membranen. 1
Weiterhin betrifft sie eine Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Wasser mittels Hohlfaser-Membranen.
Durch ins Innere des Rohres und quer zur Strömungsrichtung hineinragende Hohlfaser-
Membranbündel können sich einzelne Hohlfäden praktisch frei bewegen und daher bereits durch
eine geringfügige Anströmung frei von Ablagerungen gehalten werde

The separation of dissolved and/or undissolved substances from fluid media involves using a 1
treatment system which combines crossflow filtration and adsorption technique, and implements
either sequentially or simultaneously such that the adsorbent and the fluid medium flow over the filter
membranes. The adsorbent is selected from activated carbon, alumina, silica gel, carbon black and/or
zeolith

An assembly for the preparation of pure water has a reverse osmosis system with a permeate feed 1
leading to a heating unit to disinfect it together with a heat exchanger to cool the permeate. An
assembly for the preparation of pure water has a reverse osmosis system with a permeate feed
leading to a heating unit to disinfect it together with a heat exchanger to cool the permeate. The heat
exchanger (3) is structured as a recuperator, with the cooling system (11) in the permeate flow
channel (10) between the reverse osmosis assembly (1) and the heat disinfecting station (2). Its heat
output (12) is passed to the disinfecting station. A control maintains an equal volume flow in the
cooling and heat output channel

Filter system for contaminated water comprises a tank (2) containing a membrane filter unit (7), to 1
which a permeate discharge pipe (10) is connected. This forms a siphon and the height of the column
between the water surface (14) in the tank and the outer end of the pipe is 0.5 - 1.5 meter
In a process to distil fresh water from sea water or brackish water, an incoming flow of water impinges 1
on one side of a microporous hydrophobic membrane that surrenders water through the pores to a
condensation passage (22). The vapour comes into contact with a condensation panel. A
condensation wall drives an absolute pressure profile that is at all times below ambient pressure,
preferably at or below the vapor boiling pressure on the other side of the membrane. The vapor
passage is 3-5 mm wide. Vapor emerging from a passage (22) condenses at one point on the
condensation wall surface (24), where the temperature is equal to or less than the vapour
condensation temperature. An independent claim is included for an assembly for carrying out the
above proces

To process water within a used water circuit (5) at a swimming pool (1), it is mixed with ozone (O3),
and then treated with broadband UV light to eliminate ozone traces before return to the swimming
pool. The water is moved through the circuit by a recirculating pump (4), to pass through a treatment
zone (6) with an ozone mixing unit (9), where ozone is delivered from an ozone supply (11) through a
venturi jet (13). The ozone is mixed with the water at a rate of 1.8 g ozone/m3> water. The mixed
water is passed through a filter (8) after a dwell time, and then exposed to UV light (10

A water treatment assembly has an ultraviolet light (UV) source directed at a water cascade. The UV
dose is such that micro-organisms present in the water are killed. The UV-treated water is
surrendered to a water filter (40) and an ultrasonic water treatment assembly (90). The UV light is
surrendered by an omni-directional light source that impinges on all stages of the water cascade.
Each cascade section consists of a discrete basin. The filter (40) consists of coarse granular materia

A water treatment assembly has an ultraviolet light (UV) source directed at a water cascade. The UV 1
dose is such that micro-organisms present in the water are killed. The UV-treated water is
surrendered to a water filter (40) and an ultrasonic water treatment assembly (90). - The UV light is
surrendered by an omni-directional light source that impinges on all stages of the water cascade.
Each cascade section consists of a discrete basin. The filter (40) consists of coarse granular materia

A swimming pool water cleaning system abstracts water to a photo-mechanical cleaning station prior 1
to return to the pool. Water drawn from the pool is discharged via an overflow weir to a filter (7) with
vertical (8) and horizontal (9) filter stages. The filter (7) has an overflow weir outlet (10) to a holding
basin (5). The water treatment system further has a duct (11) to a photo-mechanical filter stage (12)
discharging to a vertical through-flow filter (8) system and a second overflow (10) to the holding basin
(5). The water treatment system further has a reverse osmosis stage (13, 14) downstream from the
photo-mechanical filter (12) and a filter system (9) for an incoming rinse concentrate fluid (15) from
the reverse osmosis filter (14

Apparatus for desalination of water comprises a reservoir for the water to be treated, a collector for 1
the treated water, a compressed gas container and a desalination assembl
In a process and arrangement of system components for reducing germ counts in closed or open
water circuits or containers, the stages involve (a) mechanical treatment to adjust the surface tension
and/or viscosity, (b) application of a point-focal reduced pressure of less than 0.5 bars absolute and
(c) treatment of the water with UV radiatio

Vorrichtung zum Filtern von Flüssigkeiten, umfassend parallel angeordnete flache Membrantaschen 1
und Mittel zur druckdichten Verbindung der Membrantaschen untereinander sowie zur Ankopplung
einer Absaugung. Die Membrantasche beinhaltet ein mit zwei Membranen flächig verbundenes und
am Rand druckdicht eingeschlossenes Drainageelement. Benachbarte Membrantaschen sind über
eine oder mehrere Abflussbohrungen und zugehörige Leitungen untereinander und mit der
Absaugung verbunden. Die Abflussbohrungen sind so angeordnet, dass der transmembrane
Differenzialdruck über die Fläche der Membrantasche nur geringfügig abfäll

The substrate for water ultra-filtration membranes uses nickel foam for the substrate and sintered 1
nickel with a high porosity for the intermediate layer

The water (10-40 %) is subjected to circulation quantity for filtration and led back into pool. In the 1
reverse osmosis, a high-grade steel filter of 50 mu m is intended for ultra filtration. A grain activated
charcoal filter is switched on to reduce disinfections before the reverse osmosi

In a process to prepare drinking water from cold water, water taken from the public supply is subjected 1
to reverse osmosis at higher feed pressure to form soft water and hard water. The semi-permeable
membrane (3, 6) which removes calcium from the drinking water operates within a two-stage process
(2, 5) division. Effluent water (C) arising from the first separation stage (2) is used as feed for the
second stage (3) where it is subjected to further concentration of the Calcium content. Water (F)
yielded by the first stage is used as drinking water. Secondary water (E) arising from the second stage
(5) is returned to the primary feed flow (A), thereby diluting the calcium concentration in the feed (B)
supply to the first stage (2). Both separation stages (2, 5) contribute to the water yield by further
concentration in the second stage. Scaling is prevented in the second stage on the membrane by
dosed introduction of a hardness stabilizer. also claimed is a suitable assembl

A water tap has a filter attachment fitting (1) with twin filter chambers (6, 8) linked and operating in 1
series or parallel. Each filter chamber has an inlet and an outlet. The main inlet and outlet attachment
fittings e.g. threads are chosen in accordance with the requirements of adjacent units. The two
chambers are identical and are lined with silver or a silver-coated material. Each chamber is packed
with a suitable filtration agent e.g. active carbon granules, ceramics, sand, cellulose, an ion-exchange
agent, a disinfectant, membrane, hollow fibers. The chambers are made at least in part of a
transparent material. The chambers may be packed with the same or different agent
The back flushing of water filters for cleaning and disinfection, for swimming pools and in the 1
treatment of drinking and waste water, uses the combination of a watery solution of a copolymerisate
of acroleine and formaldehyde with a polyoxy carbonic acid salt (C3H4O2C3H4O)x with metal ions.
The water level is lowered to the upper edge of the filter material. Air is flushed through the filter
followed by water flushing and the first filtrate is taken off in waste channel

Treatment of brewing water involves acidifying raw water with carbonic acid; separating into low-salt 1
permeate and high-salt concentrate using a membrane separator; degassing the permeate and
adjusting the carbon dioxide concentration; acidifying to the required non-carbonate hardness with
hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid; and neutralizing with lime water to pH 6-9, giving defined carbonate
and non-carbonate hardness values. An independent claim is included for apparatus for carrying out
the process, including a dosing site for carbon dioxide upstream of a membrane separation device; a
degassing unit in the permeate stream downstream of the permeate; and downstream dosing sites for
hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid and lime wate

A liquid processing plant (34) for cleaning contaminated liquids by a filter element (10) comprises 1
pressure tanks (36, 38, 40) exhibiting an inlet (44) for raw water, a filter element for the filtration of raw
water to pure water, a connection for a pressure pipe (54) over a positive pressure, which is sufficient
for pressing down the raw water through the filter element, is generatable in the pressure tank. The
filter element is implemented and the positive pressure within the pressure tank is kept at high value
in such a manner that the filtration is feasible to a reverse osmosis principle. The liquid processing
plant (34) for cleaning contaminated liquids by a filter element (10) comprises pressure tanks (36, 38,
40) with an inlet (44) for raw water, a filter element for the filtration of raw water to pure water, and a
connection for pressure pipe (54) over a positive pressure, which is sufficient for pressing down the
raw water through the filter element, generatable in the pressure tank. The filter element is
implemented and the positive pressure within the pressure tank is kept at a high value in such a
manner that the filtration is feasible to a reverse osmosis principle. The filtered liquid from the
pressure tank is supplied to primary pressure tanks. The pressure tanks are connected with one
another over a line that exhibits regulating valves, which facilitates an alternating filling of the primary
pressure tank with filtered liquid from the pressure tank. The pressure tank causes a rough filtration
and the primary pressure tanks cause a fine to very fine filtration. A purified water tank connects to a
discharge opening and exhibits a connection for the pressure pipe with regulating valves. The
connection is intended for the filter element to recirculate the liquid. The filter element is designed as
an oblong filter element with a pipe that is connected with a hollow filter body which is made of a
carrier frame that forms an internally-arranged cavity and is connected with the pipe, a base layer
from coarse-grained material, which surrounds the carrier frame and is connected with it, an external
layer from fine-grained material, which surrounds the base layer and is connected with it, so that the
liquid flow from outside into the filter body and then through the pipe. The filter element exhibits a
diaphragm that enables a reverse osmosis filtration. A water processing device is intended to process
the filtered-out raw water and exhibits a light source, which transmits ultraviolet light (UV), a cascade
water passage, which is arranged in such a way that the water led over the water passage is radiated
with the light transmitted by the light source. The dosage and wavelength of the UV-radiation and the
arrangement of the light source to the water passage are selected to kill the microorganisms in the
water. The light source is implemented and radiates UV light from all sides in radial direction and is
arranged in such a manner that its longitudinal axis runs in a vertical direction. Cascade water
passage is arranged concentrically around the light source in which the water flows downwards from
the top over cascade stages along the longitudinal direction of the light source and is constantly
radiated with UV light. The cascade sections are intended, which are arranged one below the other in
longitudinal direction of the light source. The water flows from the cascade stage with the smallest
distance to the light source into the cascade stage exhibiting the largest distance to the light source in
the subsequent cascade section. Each cascade stage exhibits a stage basin, which is formed of a
basin bottom, front and rear walls and collect the water in it. When the stage basin is filled, the water
subsequently flows over the front wall facing the light source downwards into the below-lying stage
basin of the cascade stag

Filtrationsanlage mit mehreren vertikal in Reihe (7a, 7b) angeordneten Filtrationsmodulen (2), an 1
deren beiden Stirnseiten je ein Zulauf (3a, 3b) für die zu filtrierende Flüssigkeit angeordnet ist, die
in je zugeordnete sich längs erstreckende Sammelleitungen (4a-4d) münden, wobei jedes
Filtrationsmodul (2) mindestens einen Ablauf (9, 9') für das Filtrat aufweist, welche in eine
Filtratsammelleitung (6) münden, wobei entlang der Stirnseiten jeder Reihe (7a, 7b) von
Filtrationsmodulen (2) eine Sammelleitung (4a-4d) verläuft, die jeder Stirnseite der Filtrationsmodule
(2) zugeordnete Abzweige (8) aufweist, über welche das zugeordnete Filtrationsmodul (2) direkt
anschließbar is
Water purification method comprises treating turbid water from magnetic separation (1) and/or 1
ultrafiltration device (2) and/or multi-layer filtering unit by corrugated plate separator or further
ultrafiltration device (3) to obtain purified water (5). The purified water from the corrugated plate
separator (4) is added to the purified water from the magnetic separation device, before passing
through the ultrafiltration device and/or multi-layer filtering unit. Water purification method comprises
treating turbid water from magnetic separation (1) and/or ultrafiltration device (2) and/or multi-layer
filtering unit by corrugated plate separator or further ultrafiltration device (3) to obtain purified water
(5). The purified water from the corrugated plate separator (4) is added to the purified water from the
magnetic separation device, before passing through the ultrafiltration device and/or multi-layer filtering
unit. The purified water from the further ultrafiltration device is added to the purified water from the
magnetic separation device, after passing through the ultrafiltration device and/or multi-layer filtering
unit. An independent claim is included for a device for carrying out the method of water purificatio

Disinfecting system for water in small-scale treatment plants, especially those using the SBR process,
comprises a UV lamp (9) mounted in the suction system which removes treated water from the plan

The method for operation of steam cooker using water (31), comprises a disinfection of water stored 1
in a fillable water storage of the steam cooker (30) for pre-determinable time intervals. The water is
taken from the storage during the operation. The time intervals are determined by controlling the
steam cooker. A separate disinfection for activating the cooker takes place by a user before the
operation of the cooker initiates. The disinfection takes place by electrical function mechanism and by
irradiation with UV light source of a wavelength of 200-280 nm. The method for operation of steam
cooker using water (31), comprises a disinfection of water stored in a fillable water storage (30) of the
steam cooker for pre-determinable time intervals. The water is taken from the storage during the
operation. The time intervals are determined by controlling the steam cooker. A separate disinfection
for activating the cooker takes place by a user before the operation of the cooker initiates. The
disinfection takes place by electrical function mechanism and by irradiation with UV light source of a
wavelength of 200-280 nm. An electrical heating mechanism for the disinfection heats the water and
protrudes into the water storage. An electrolysis mechanism is intended for producing chlorine from
common salt. The disinfection of the water storage and/or the water containing ozone is added to the
water storage by means a nozzle. The ozone is produced in the steam cooker by means of supplying
air by a strong electrical field with high voltage. The disinfection takes place by a filtration in which the
filter has small pore size. A micro filter is used to filter bacteria, and an ultra filter is used to filter
viruses and macromolecular organic compounds. An independent claim is included for a household
appliance for a function with wate

The method involves killing of the micro-organisms, bacteria and germs by the ultra violet (UV)-
radiator. The ballast water has a ballast pump (1), filter (2) and sterilization device (3). A ozone is
generated by an UV-radiator, ozone-radiator, combination of UV-ozone- radiator or ozone generator.
An accumulator action is produced, which has a wide sterilization effect in the ballast water tanks (4).
A thermal treatment of the ballast water is carried out by waste heat utilization of the cooling water
and waste gas (waste heat boiler
The procedure and device for cleaning water in a container (1) for storage and subsequent use of
rainwater, drinking water and industrial water by coating inner surfaces of the container by a photo-
catalytic effective material and/or an additional materials for the production of the container or bringing
a corresponding coated surface in the container, comprises qualifying the coating and/or the
additional material for photo catalysis under the influence of UV-radiation, and subjecting the photo-
catalytic effective surface with UV-radiation. The procedure and device for cleaning water in a
container (1) for storage and subsequent use of rainwater, drinking water and industrial water by
coating inner surfaces of the container by a photo-catalytic effective material and/or an additional
materials for the production of the container or bringing a corresponding coated surface in the
container, comprises qualifying the coating and/or the additional material for photo catalysis under the
influence of UV-radiation, subjecting the photo-catalytic effective surface with UV-radiation,
introducing an UV-radiation generating light source into the container, guiding an optical fiber cable in
an exemplary process arrangement into the container for collecting natural UV-radiation over a
medium, and mounting a device for continuous exchange of water on the surface of the container by
circulation. The materials or material combinations are deployed with photo-catalytic effec

The procedure for determining the detention rate of a reverse osmosis membrane (5) useful in water 1
treatment plants, comprises adding an electrolyte into an intake for carrying out a determination,
determining the conductance of the intake and the permeate by individual measurements over a long
period of time, determining the detention rate from the ratio of the conductance of the intake replaced
with the electrolyte and carrying out the determination of the detention in pre-determined time-periods.
The membrane is led as intake water. The procedure for determining the detention rate of a reverse
osmosis membrane (5) useful in water treatment plants, comprises adding an electrolyte into an
intake for carrying out the determination, determining the conductance of the intake and the permeate
by individual measurements over a long period of time, determining the detention rate from the ratio of
the conductance of the intake replaced with the electrolyte and carrying out the determination of the
detention in pre-determined time-periods. The membrane is led as intake water, whose conductance
is adjusted in ion exchange sections. The electrolyte is given in a quantity, by which the conductance
of the intake is adjusted at 100 mu S/cm. Sodium chloride with a high grade of dissociation is added
as the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution. The addition of the electrolyte and the
subsequent measurement of the conductance automatically take place. The pH-value of the intake
water is increased in the normal operation before getting discharged into the membrane by the
addition of basic materials and the addition of the basic materials is discontinued for the determination
of the detention rate until the determination is finished. The permeate resulted during determination is
led to the ion exchange sections downstream to the membrane. The sections have a regenerative
mixed bed resi
The device (10) for degassing and the sterilization of liquids for water treatment, comprises a housing
(12) with a liquid inlet (16) and an liquid outlet (18) for a passage of liquid, an ultrasonic source for
delivering ultrasound in an inside of the housing, a container from ultraviolet permeable material
arranged partially in the inside the housing, an adjustment device suitable to change the position of
the container relative to the ultrasonic source and an ultraviolet light source (20) in the container for
delivering the UV-light to the fluid passing through the inside of the housing. The device (10) for
degassing and the sterilization of liquids for water treatment, comprises a housing (12) with a liquid
inlet (16) and a liquid outlet (18) for a passage of liquid, an ultrasonic source for delivering ultrasound
in an inside of the housing, a container from ultraviolet permeable material arranged partially in the
inside of the housing, an adjustment device suitable to change the position of the container relative to
the ultrasonic source, an ultraviolet light source (20) in the container for delivering the UV-light to the
fluid passing through the inside of the housing, a first grouping with the ultrasonic source arranged to
the housing for delivering the ultrasound to the fluid and to the container, a control arranged to
synchronize the ultrasound of the first grouping together in frequency, phase and/or amplitude, a
valve arranged to allow gases from the inside of the housing, and a sieve or a funnel arranged in the
housing, so that a collector chamber is defined by the sieve or funnel and an inner wall of the housing.
The collector chamber is controllably communicated over the valve with the surroundings. The
ultrasonic source is fitted to or in the housing. The first grouping is arranged close to the liquid inlet
and upstreamly relative to a second grouping. The housing has a longitudinal form, which defines a
longitudinal axis. The first grouping comprises several ultrasonic sources, which are arranged in
several plains in longitudinal direction of the housing spatially to each other in vertical to the
longitudinal axis of the housing. The ultrasonic sources in each plain are arranged in the
circumferential direction of the housing staggered to each other. The second grouping has three
ultrasonic sources, which are arranged in circumferential direction and in longitudinal direction of the
housing. The housing consists of stainless steel and is partially intended with an antibiotic coating
having noble metal on the inside of the housing. The adjustment device is suitable to turn the
container relative to the housing and has a drive operated electrically or mechanically. The housing
has a first hollow cylinder and the container has a second hollow cylinder, which is concentrically
arranged to the first cylinder. The liquid inlet and the outlet are arranged vertically to the longitudinal
axis of the housing. The UV-permeable material has quart

The desalination of seawater and other salt containing water e.g. brackish water by reverse osmosis, 1
comprises mixing ozone to the solution to be desalinated before it is supplied to the reverse osmosis,
leading the mixture over a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane in the dead-end-mode and subsequently
over an adsorber, bringing the mixture from salt containing water and ozone directly below the
ultrafiltration membrane, and cyclically backflushing the ultrafiltration membrane with permeate. An
independent claim is included for a device for desalination of seawater and other salt containing water
e.g. brackish water by reverse osmosi
The electric water jug (10) for the provision of water, which is germ and bacteria-free independent 1
upon selected temperature, comprises an UV-lamp (22), which is integrated into a container (14) of
the water jug and treats the water to be heated (24) by UV-radiation. The UV-lamp is arranged
horizontal and parallel to a base (26) of the container and guides the UV-radiation to the water over
an intermediate wall, which consists of a material transmitting the UV-radiation. The UV-lamp is
arranged within the container in a separate dry area of the container. The electric water jug (10) for
the provision of water, which is germ and bacteria-free independent upon selected temperature,
comprises an UV-lamp (22), which is integrated into a container (14) of the water jug and treats the
water to be heated (24) by UV-radiation. The UV-lamp is arranged horizontal and parallel to a base
(26) of the container and guides the UV-radiation to the water over an intermediate wall, which
consists of a material transmitting the UV-radiation. The UV-lamp is arranged within the container in a
separate dry area of the container. The separate dry area is diametrically integrated in the container
and consists of a tube (18) water-tightly connected with the walls of the container permeable at its
total circumference of the UV-radiation. The tube has a closure at one of its front sides of the tube.
The dry area receiving the UV-lamp in the form of the tube consists of quartz glass and/or a plastic
permeable to the UV-radiation. The dry area at one of its front sides to the interior of the tube
possesses ventilation openings connected with the atmosphere. Optimizing mirrors and/or light
conductors of the UV-lamp are arranged within the container. The closure intended at one of the front
sides of the tube receiving the UV-lamp consists of a fluorescing material providing to a visual control
of the UV-lamp. The intended closure at one of the front sides of the dry area is detachable or un-
detachable, and is a plug. A flap is integrated in a grip of the water jug during an arrangement of the
un-detachable closure. The UV-lamp is accessible over the flap. The flap has a holder inducing the
action of the UV-lamp from the dry area. The holder is detachably connected with the UV-lamp. The
flap is connected over a bayonet closure, snap closure or latch closure with the grip. The dry area and
the entire operational principle of the water jug are integrated for the supply of heated and germ and
bacteria-free water into a small drinking water plant. A filter of the small drinking water plant formed as
active carbon filter is arranged during the integration of the dry area and the entire operational
principle of the water ju

The sea water desalination assembly has a number of submerged membrane units (2) for nano 1
filtration, at a depth of at least 30 m. The water is pumped out at the permeate side, to travel through a
pipeline (3) to an on-shore desalination plant (1) or an off-shore platform. The membrane units have
floats (4) to hold them at a given gap from an anchor (5) at the sea bed. The filtered water is collected
in a container (6) under atmospheric pressure for pumping out. The membranes are cleaned by back
flushin

The method for treating water in water circuits of swimming pools in the area of basin during cleaning
of filters or sanitation of shower systems, comprises displacing microbial loaded water after
terminating a filter stage with hydrogen peroxide in a predetermined concentration, supplying the
mixture to a catalyst arrangement, and treating the water with chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine
dioxide and/or other chlorine disinfectants or hydrogen peroxide and/or with UV-radiation. The treated
water is introduced into the basin area and the hydrogen peroxide is added to the loaded water. The
method for treating water in water circuits of swimming pools in the area of basin during cleaning of
filters or sanitation of shower systems, comprises displacing microbial loaded water after terminating a
filter stage with hydrogen peroxide in a predetermined concentration, supplying the mixture to a
catalyst arrangement, and treating the water with chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide
and/or other chlorine disinfectants or hydrogen peroxide and/or with UV-radiation. The treated water is
introduced into the basin area. The hydrogen peroxide is added to the loaded water in a quantity such
that the concentration is 1 mg/l. A precious metal-free, corrosion resistant, all metal catalyst is used as
catalyst arrangemen
The method for adsorptive cleaning of water in powdered activated carbon, comprises supplying the 1
activated carbon and the water to be cleaned to a cleaning container (1), where the water and the
activated carbon are contacted with one another, and separating the activated carbon from the water
by a filter module (4), which is arranged in the interior of the cleaning container and partially below a
filling level of the cleaning container or forms a part of an external wall of the cleaning container
present below the filling level of the cleaning container. The method for adsorptive cleaning of water in
powdered activated carbon, comprises supplying the activated carbon and the water to be cleaned to
a cleaning container (1), where the water and the activated carbon are contacted with one another,
and separating the activated carbon from the water by a filter module (4), which is arranged in the
interior of the cleaning container and partially below a filling level of the cleaning container or forms a
part of an external wall of the cleaning container present below the filling level of the cleaning
container. The cleaned water downstream of the filter module is discharged from the cleaning
container. The filter module is continuously cleaned by the deposited activated carbon. The filtration is
pressure-freely filtered due to hydrostatic pressure, which effects on the filter module arranged below
the filling level of the cleaning container. The activated carbon is held in suspension in the cleaning
container. The water-/or activated carbon suspension is transferred into the cleaning container by
external devices such as agitators, gas nozzles and/or ultrasound sonotrodes in an agitating manner.
The water in the top flow is supplied to the cleaning container from bottom. The activated carbon is
recirculated and/or remains in the cleaning container, and is partially discharged from the cleaning
container. The fresh activated carbon is fed to the cleaning container in a batch-wise manner and is
transferred in given time intervals. A part of the fresh activated carbon is added to the water and is
transferred with the water into the cleaning container, so that the activated carbon is accumulated in
the cleaning container. The volume flow added to the water with the activated carbon is larger than
the activated carbon separated by the filter module and discharged from the cleaning container.
Several cleaning containers are installed one after the other in series. A first cleaning container
separates the activated carbon present in it by the filter module. The cleaned water is supplied to a
second cleaning container arranged downstream of the first cleaning container. The last cleaning
container considered in the flow direction of the water is continuously impinged with the fresh
activated carbo

The membrane filter for producing Legionella-free water, comprises a tubular housing (1) comprising 1
a water inlet (14), a water outlet (15) and a bundle of membrane hollow fibers (5), and a silver layer
(2) provided in a part of the inner surface of the housing. A closed first end of the hollow fibers present
in the water inlet and an opened second end are connected with one another and connected with the
outlet of the housing. The bundle is formed as hollow bodies with a cavity extending along its
longitudinal axis. The housing is formed from flexible material. The membrane filter for producing
Legionella-free water, comprises a tubular housing (1) comprising a water inlet (14), a water outlet
(15) and a bundle of membrane hollow fibers (5), and a silver layer (2) provided in a part of the inner
surface of the housing. A closed first end of the hollow fibers present in the water inlet and an opened
second end are connected with one another and connected with the outlet of the housing. The bundle
is formed as hollow bodies with a cavity extending along its longitudinal axis. The housing is formed
from flexible material. A part of the hollow fibers is wrapped or braided with a silver thread, which is
arranged between the hollow fibers in a parallel manner. The first ends are stuck together or
cemented with the housing at the water inlet, and are freely movable. A pipe is arranged in the cavity
and whose wall is provided with through-passage

The method involves filtering moist water by filter with pore size 1 to 10 nanometer. The filtration is 1
carried by a cross-flow filtration. The filter is cleaned by deionized water. An independent claim is
included for a device for cleaning moist water for printer
The pond water treatment system comprises an inlet (1), an outlet (11) led to a drain, several
treatment zones intended for cleaning wastewater, provided between the inlet and the outlet and
equipped with a filling level measuring device, a device (2) that is arranged downstream to the inlet for
detecting degree of contamination of the wastewater supplied to the treatment system, and pipes (3,
4, 5) for introducing the wastewater into the treatment zones, where the pipes are assigned to a
separating device for the defined introduction of the wastewater into one of the treatment zones. The
pond water treatment system comprises an inlet (1), an outlet (11) led to a drain, several treatment
zones intended for cleaning wastewater, provided between the inlet and the outlet and equipped with
a filling level measuring device, a device (2) that is arranged downstream to the inlet for detecting the
degree of contamination of the wastewater supplied to the pond water treatment system, pipes (3, 4,
5) for introducing the wastewater into the treatment zones, where the pipes are assigned to a
separating device for the defined introduction of the wastewater into one of the treatment zones, and
a regulating system (10), which is connected with the filling level measuring device, the detection
device and the separating device, so that the wastewater is introduced in one of the treatment zones
defined in dependent of the contamination degree of the wastewater and the filling level of the
treatment zones. The regulating system is a fuzzy logic system. A high-concentration zone, a middle-
concentration zone and a low-concentration zone are provided as the treatment zones. The high-
concentration zone is formed as a single-tank wastewater treatment plant with a stirrer and/or an
aerator. The middle-concentration zone is formed as a sedimentation tank optionally equipped with a
stirrer. The low-concentration zone is formed as a sedimentation tank. The pond water treatment
system additionally has a polishing basin and/or a hygienic zone equipped with an ultraviolet radiation
source. The regulating system is aligned, so that the highly contaminated wastewater is directly
supplied to the high-concentration zone in dependent of the filling level of the treatment zones and/or
after an intermediate storage in the middle-concentration zone and/or low-concentration zone, so that
the averagely contaminated wastewater is directly supplied to the middle-concentration zone in
dependent of the filling level of the treatment zones and/or after an intermediate storage in the low-
concentration zone of the middle-concentration zone and so that the low or non-contaminated
wastewater of the low-concentration zone is supplied to the polishing basin, hygienic zone and/or
drain. The middle-concentration zone and the low-concentration zone are provided with a pumping
device for recirculating the wastewater in the high-concentration zone. The regulating system is
aligned, so that the high or average contaminated wastewater is supplied from the middle-
concentration zone and/or low-concentration zone to the high-concentration zone in dependent of the
filling level of the treatment zones. An independent claim is included for a method for increasing a
cleaning capacity of a pond water treatment syste

Beschrieben wird eine Filtriereinheit zur Aufbereitung von Wasser, umfassend mindestens zwei 1
keramische Filtermembranen sowie eine Halterung für die mindestens zwei keramischen
Filtermembranen, wobei die keramischen Filtermembranen plattenförmig ausgebildet sind und
jeweils eine filteraktive Außenseite sowie mindestens einen innenliegenden Abführkanal für
gefiltertes Wasser aufweisen, die Halterung einen Sammelraum aufweist, über den aus den
Abführkanälen tretendes Wasser abgeleitet werden kann, und die Halterung Aufnahmen zur
flüssigkeitsdichten Festlegung der keramischen Filtermembranen aufweist, in denen diese derart
festgelegt sind, dass die innenliegenden Abführkanäle mit dem Sammelraum in
kommunizierender Verbindung stehen. Besonders zeichnet sich die Filtriereinheit dadurch aus, dass
es sich zumindest bei dem Teil der Halterung mit den Aufnahmen für die keramischen
Filtermembranen um ein einstückiges ausgebildetes Formteil handelt. Weiterhin wird ein Verfahren
zur Herstellung einer solchen Filtriereinheit beschrieben, gemäß dem mindestens zwei keramische
Filtermembranen innerhalb einer Form angeordnet werden und durch Guss oder Spritzguss aus einer
flüssigen Polymermasse oder aus einem flüssigen Prepolymer eine Halterung gefertigt wird, in
der die keramischen Filtermembranen festgelegt sin
The method comprises directly subjecting interior area of polymers or ceramic nanofiltration hollow 1
fibers from raw water in the nanofiltration unit and taking away the permeate at the outside of the
nanofiltration hollow fibers. The concentrate stream Q1, a recycle stream Q2 and a permeate stream
Q3 are adjusted to 0-90%, 0-300% and 10-100% respectively in related to raw water stream,
dependent on the parameters such as moisture content, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved organic
carbon-/total organic carbon content and coloration of the raw water, and pressure drop over a
membrane (2). The method comprises directly subjecting interior area of polymers or ceramic
nanofiltration hollow fibers from raw water in the nanofiltration unit and taking away the permeate at
the outside of the nanofiltration hollow fibers. The concentrate stream Q1, a recycle stream Q2 and a
permeate stream Q3 are adjusted to 0-90%, 0-300% and 10-100% respectively in related to raw
water stream, dependent on the parameters such as moisture content, conductivity, turbidity,
dissolved organic carbon-/total organic carbon content and coloration of the raw water, and pressure
drop over a membrane (2) forming through the wall of the nanofiltration hollow fiber. The adjusted
parameters are detected and the detected values are requisitioned to the control. The parameters are
directly measured online or detected over laboratory analysis. The component of the hollow fibers are
flushed and/or chemically cleaned through the membrane with water and/or air from the permeate
outlet side to raw water inlet side. The raw water is led over a coarse filter (8) for the separation of
solid materials in the case of solid materials in the raw water with dimensions that are larger than the
interior diameter of the nanofiltration hollow fiber. The auxiliary materials such as flocculating agent
are mixed for a continuous operation of the raw water. An independent claim is included for a device
for the processing of water by nanofiltratio

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wasser, bei dem 1
Wasser durch wenigstens eine Membranfilteranlage mit wenigstens einem Membranfilter (1) geführt
wird und aus dem Wasser Partikel ausgefiltert werden, die größer sind als die Poren des
wenigstens einen Membranfilters, wobei der wenigstens einen Membranfilteranlage (1) in
Strömungsrichtung des Wassers eine Wasserbehandlungsvorrichtung (3) vor-, insbesondere auch
eine wirkungsgleiche Wasserbehandlungsvorrichtung (3) nachgeschaltet wird, wobei in einer solchen,
insbesondere beiden wirkungsgleichen Wasserbehandlungsvorrichtungen (3) eine Behandlung des
Wassers durchgeführt wird, mit welcher durch Abgabe von Metallionen in das Wasser der im
Wasser gelöste Kalk zumindest teilweise in Calziumcarbonatpartikel, insbesondere zumindest
überwiegend in der Aragonit-Form, überführt wird. Die erfindung betrifft weiterhin die
Verwendung einer Membranfilteranlage (1) mit wenigstens einem Membranfilter (1), durch welches
das Wasser Zur Ausfilterung von Partikeln führbar ist, die größer sind als die Poren des
wenigstens einen Membranfilters (1) zur Wasserenthärtung durch Vorschaltung einer
Wasserbehandlungsvorrichtung (3), mit welcher in das Wasser vor der Zuführung in die
Membranfilteranlage (1) durch Eintrag von Zinkionen in das Wasser die Bildung von
Calziumcarbonatpartikeln erzeugbar ist, die mit der Membranfilteranlage (1) ausfilterbar sin
The filter device (13) comprises a membrane filter element (11), which partially consists of an organic 1
material and is equipped with an effective grounding path against Earth's mass, an inlet (6) for
introducing the unfiltered medium into the filter device, an outlet (6b) for discharging the filtered
medium from the filter device, and a filtrate collection chamber, which is designed for collecting the
filtrate (6a) filtered off from the membrane filter element. The membrane filter element is disposed
between the inlet and the outlet, so that it flows through the medium to be filtered. The filter device
(13) comprises a membrane filter element (11), which partially consists of an organic material and is
equipped with an effective grounding path against Earth's mass, an inlet (6) for introducing the
unfiltered medium into the filter device, an outlet (6b) for discharging the filtered medium from the filter
device, and a filtrate collection chamber, which is designed for collecting the filtrate (6a) filtered off
from the membrane filter element. The membrane filter element is disposed between the inlet and the
outlet, so that it flows through the medium to be filtered, and is equipped with a spacer and media flow
channels, which are designed to flow through by the medium to be filtered. The grounding path
comprises an electrically conducting media flow channel conductor, which is area-wisely positioned in
the media flow channel. The media flow channel conductor completely or partially consists of
conductible and/or dischargeable metallic, non-metallic or polymer material, comprises conductible
and/or dischargeable metallic, non-metallic or polymer wires, metal fabric, metal gauze and/or
coatings, and is formed as conductible and/or dischargeable metallic, non-metallic or polymer spacer.
The membrane filter element is implemented as a winding module, where the media flow channel
conductor is formed from a coating of the spacer consisting of conductive lacquer or conductive
plastic. The grounding path comprises a conductor for electrical connection between the media flow
channel conductor and earth. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for filtering cathodic
dipping lacquer with a filter devic

Eine breite Anwendung bei der Wasser-Reinigung und -Desinfektion - ultraviolette Strahlung.
Diese Methode weist eine Reihe von Vorteilen auf, birgt aber auch einige Nachteile in sich:
1. Ungenügende Bestrahlung des aufzubereitenden Wassers.
2. Geringer Abbau organischer und anorganischer Verbindungen.
3. Nicht komplette Desinfektion.
4. Verschmutzung und Biobewuchs des Quarzstutzglases.
Eine Erhöhung der ultravioletten Dosis (Verweildauer des aufzubereitenden Wassers im Reaktor)
wird erreicht durch eine Erweiterung der Reaktorkonstruktion um Trennwände, wodurch die
Verweildauer des Wassers im Reaktor um das 3-fache ansteigt.
Im Angebotsreaktor werden zwei Verfahren kombiniert: die Bestrahlung mit ultravioletten Strahlen und
die fokussierte Ultraschallbestrahlung.
Bei bestimmter Intensität und Frequenz des Ultraschalls im Strom des aufzubereitenden Wassers
kommt es zu einer starken Erhöhung der Kavitation, der Temperatur und des Druckes. Dies erhöht
die Effektivität der UV-Bestrahlung um das Hundertfache.
Eine intensive Kavitation führt zur vermehrten Bildung von Rissen im Wassermedium an Stellen mit
Ungleichartigkeiten. Als Ungleichartigkeiten dienen Pilz- und Bakteriensporen, gelöste organische
und anorganische Verbindungen, die sich beim Platzen eines Bläschens in seiner Mitte befinden
und eine Art Zielscheibe bilden. Bei so einer verstärkten Kavitation wird die Zersetzung von
organischen und anorganischen Verbindungen um das Mehrfache .

Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Trink- und Brauchwasser aus salzigem Meerwasser 1
nach dem Prinzip der Umkehrosmose.
Von einem Wasserfahrzeug, einer Plattform oder Küstenstation aus werden ein oder mehrere RO-
Module mit ihren Membranfiltern, die mit Produktwasserbehältern gekoppelt sind, in solche
Meerestiefe gebracht, dass der Auslösedruck für eine Umkehrosmose erreicht wird und die
Entsalzung des Meerwassers ohne Energiezufuhr vor sich geht.
Die mit Trink- bzw. Produktwasser gefüllten Produktwasserbehälter werden durch eine Halte- und
Bewegungseinrichtung bis zum Wasserfahrzeug gehoben, entleert und wieder für die Absenkung
vorbereitet.
Um den Prozess effizient, kontinuierlich und ohne Unterbrechungen zu gestalten, sind die RO-Module
mit den Produktwasserbehältern in einem unendlichen flexiblen Rohr eingebracht und werden durch
die Halte- und Bewegungseinrichtung z. B. über die gesamte Länge des Wasserfahrzeuges
gezogen und dann in die erforderliche Meerestiefe zur Produktwassergewinnung geführt.
Für die beschriebenen Einrichtungen und Verfahren entfällt der hohe Energie- und
Materialaufwand, der für alle herkömmlichen Anlagen erforderlich is
Eine selektive Membran mit einer hohen Fouling-Beständigkeit wird beschrieben. Bei einer 1
Ausführungsform ist die selektive Membran eine Composit-Polyamid-Umkehrosmosemembran, bei
der eine hydrophile Beschichtung auf die Polyamidschicht der Membran aufgebracht ist, wobei die
hydrophile Beschichtung hergestellt wird durch (i) Aufbringen einer Menge einer polyfunktionellen
Epoxyverbindung, die mindestens zwei Epoxygruppen umfaßt, auf den mikroporösen Träger und
(ii) anschließendes Vernetzen der polyfunktionellen Epoxyverbindung, derart, daß ein
wasserunlösliches Polymer erhalten wir

Filtering process comprises pre-filtering waste via a micro-filter and adsorption-pressure filtering using 1
a deformable filter material. Independent claims are also included for: (1) filter cartridge for the
adsorption-pressure filtering stage; and (2) filtration unit consisting of the filter cartridge and a micro-
filter which is connected to the cartridge via a lin

During the phosphating process for protection metals from corrosion the products are rinsed in water 1
which is cleaned before disposal by a membrane filter and the retained part is treated with hydrogen
peroxide or other oxidizer to allow return to the phosphate bat

Preventing biological plugging of filters in the catalytic treatment of water comprises passing the water 1
through a prefilter (3) with a low pressure drop before passing it through a catalyst (2) and then
through a main filter (1) with a high pressure drop. An Independent claim is also included for
apparatus for the above purpose, comprising a catalyst between a prefilter and a main filte

The assembly to process water for drinking, e.g. from a well and the like, has a nano filtration or 1
reverse osmosis stage (5) to deliver clean water (11) and a concentrate (19). The concentrate,
together with a precipitation agent (23), passes through a phosphate precipitation (21), using one or
more blade separators (27) or sand filters before release. The concentrate can be passed as
acceptable clarified water for discharge directly into a body of water (29

[From equivalent US20060108286A1] Water processing method, in particular for producing fresh 1
water from salt water by membrane distillation. In comparison with previously known methods, a
significant reduction in investment cost and operating cost can be achieved by the combination of the
following measures: The water to be processed is kept in a supply chamber the wall of which is
formed at least in part by a hydrophobic membrane being permeable for water vapor. A hydrophilic
membrane having a greater thickness in comparison with the hydrophobic membrane and a lower
thermal conductivity per unit area runs in parallel with the hydrophobic membrane.; By the pumping
action a vapor pressure difference is produced between the water to be processed and the fresh
water so that the membrane distillation is driven by the vapor pressure difference resulting from the
pumping action, the water condensing in the pores of the hydrophilic membrane.

A filter module (1) has a number of wood filter membranes (2) and parallel active carbon filament 1
fibers (3) which are modified for a selective filter action by sorbents. The sorbents bond with organic
matter and cytotoxins and/or endotoxins and/or exotoxins and/or viruses. The water (20) flows over
the filament fibers to the mantle surfaces of the wood fiber membranes, to be taken off through the
wood membrane channels (24
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Wasserreinigungsvorrichtung mit einer Filtereinrichtung (6), die 1
eine feinporigen Filter aufweist, der in der Lage ist, Schwebstoffe und Verunreinigungen mindestens
bis zur Größe von Bakterien aufzuhalten, wobei ungereinigtes Wasser aus der Wasserzuführung
(1) unter einem Druck von mindestens 1 bar durch den feinporigen Filter (6) gedrückt und auf diese
Weise gereinigt wird.
Um eine Waserreinigungsvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht,
das Konzentrat direkt in eine Abwasserleitung einzuleiten, wird erfindungsgemäà Ÿ vorgeschlagen,
daß hinter dem Filter ein Abwasserbehälter (11) für das Konzentrat angeordnet ist, wobei der
Ablauf (13) des Abwasserbehälters (11) tiefer als der Filter (6) und höher als der Einlauf (12) des
Abwasserbehälters (11) angeordnet is

Water treatment process comprises (a) determining the amt. of organic contaminants in the water by
UV spectroscopic determn. of phenylalanine, tyrosine and/or tryptophan at 250-290 nm and/or by
measuring the light scattering of the contaminants at 400-650 nm; (b) splitting the water into two
streams; (c) adding different chemicals to each stream in amts. depending on the contaminant concn.
measured in step (a), where the chemicals are selected to have a desired action when mixed; and (d)
introducing the streams into a mixing chamber under flow conditions such that turbulence with a
Reynold's number (Re) of at least 4000 is established in at least one region of the mixing chambe

Device for treating liquids. contg. harmful substances comprises an integrated filtration and 1
photocatalysis unit with the following parts : a porous inorganic substrate (1) for cross-flow filtration,
pref. ceramic ; a ceramic filter membrane (2) on the cake side (R) of (1) ; and a porous photocatalytic
ceramic membrane (4) on the filtrate side (F) of (1), exposed to photocatalytic radiatio

A reverse osmosis assembly incorporates a filter module to separate incoming raw water into filtered 1
pure water (permeate) and unfiltered water containing concentrated residues (concentrate). The
assembly also incorporates tubes returning surplus permeate to the raw water inlet, and tubes
returning a variable proportion of the concentrate to the raw water inlet. The unused portion of the
concentrate is discharged to the drain. The novelty is that the quantity of concentrate returned is
automatically determined by the quantity of permeate returned by a sensor (27) and regulator (21) in
the permeate return flow pipe. The method for controlling the reverse osmosis plant is also claimed,
novel in that the flow of the returned permeate is measured and the flow of the returned concentrate
component is changed accordingl

A water treatment assembly for domestic supplies is incorporated in a supply network incorporating 1
one or more filter stations (6). The novelty is that each water treatment station (6) is preceded by a
water treatment station (2) which affects the water molecules by physical means such as permanent
magnets, electro-magnets, or electric coils surrounding the water. The water is treated by one or
several periodic, alternating and/or high frequency magnetic or electrical field

Drinking water filtration process simultaneously back-flushes the filter. The water is surrendered to a 1
first filtration vessel (2) and filtration material (3), and flows from the bottom to the top. The water from
the upper zone (19) of the first vessel (2) is then transferred to second filter vessel (4) and with filter
material (4). The water flows through the second filter from top to bottom and is then discharged. The
flow pattern is reversed at regular or irregular intervals ranging from 0.5-10 hr. During filtration, a
portion of the water is continually tapped off from one of the upper zones (19, 21) or the transfer pipes
and measured in terms of time or volume. This water is discharged as waste. Water flowing upwards
loosens the filter material (3, 5
The invention concerns a microfiltration membrane for separating endotoxins from liquid media, in 1
particular water, protein solutions or parenteralia. The microfiltration membrane is characterized by
covalently bonded ligands for endotoxins, the ligands being carried by a polymer which is applied to
the membran

[From equivalent EP803274A1] Treating water backflushed through a drinking water or waste water 1
filter to regenerate the filter comprises moving backflushed water to a settling tank (1) in which it is
separated into a part containing the sediment and a clear aqueous phase. The aqueous and/or
sediment phase pass through >= 1 submerged membrane filter (8) or membrane filter unit (18) and
separated into clear permeate and concentrated sediment phases. The clean permeate is then used
as a consumable medium, while the concentrate is further thickened. The submerged membrane
surface is kept clear of sedimentary deposits by a continual stream of bubbles.; The aqueous phase
from the settlement tank (1) may be surrendered to a separate membrane filter unit (18) at a rate
which depends upon the turbidity, the Redox potential and/or Zeta potential in the aqueous phase, the
flow of water returning to the filter, the level of water in the settlement tank (1), or the operating time
for the membrane filter units (18) and the submerged membrane filters (8).

[From equivalent DE19618319A1] A drinking water dispenser comprises: (a) a drinking water supply 1
(10) delivering water from the normal domestic supply; (b) a processing assembly (12, 16, 17) in
which the drinking water taste is improved; (c) a sterile filter (14) which removes all bacteria and
germs; (d) a discharge valve (24) releasing a supply of treated water; (e) a disinfecting unit (20, 22)
which disinfects the water pipes (21, 23) between the sterile filter (14) and the discharge valve (24)
and the valve (24) itself; (f) the disinfectant agent used is hot (preferably 90 deg ) water; (g) the
disinfecting unit (20, 22) is a heating element; and (h) the disinfecting unit (20, 22) is operated
intermittentl

Treating contaminated water containing chlorine and optionally chlorinated organic compounds, 1
comprises at least treatment step with one or more chlorine-removing agent and at least one single-
or multi-step membrane filtration method for the treated water. Also claimed is the apparatus
comprising at least one pre-filter (1), followed by one or more reactors (2) for treating optionally pre-
filtered contaminated water with the chlorine-removing agent and optional water hardness remover.
The reactor is followed by one or more membrane filters (4

In a process and assembly to filter water provided especially for domestic drinking purposes, the 1
novelty is that: (a) heavy particles are first deposited in a sedimentation chamber (10); (b) lighter
particles are then removed by a pre-filter (20); (c) organic and inorganic materials are removed by two
active carbon filters (30,32); (d) water leaving the second active carbon filter (32) is preheated in a
heat exchanger (42) in a treatment column (40) sub-divided into four heat-exchange chambers (421-
424) with four helical tubes (451-454); (e) the warmed water discharged from the heat-exchanger (42)
is then further heated in a tank (50) incorporating a removable spiral or concentric net (54) on which
carbonates and bicarbonates collect; (f) the water cools during its passage through the four helical
tubes (451-454) in the heat exchanger (42), while simultaneously surrendering heat to the water
emerging from the second active carbon filter (32); (g) water discharged from the heat exchanger (42)
helical tube (454) passes through a zeolite filter (45) or ion-exchange resin (46) within the column
(40); (h) the resulting water is then exposed to ultra-violet radiation (60

N/A 1
N/A 1

A small-scale continual process and assembly to soften and sterilise water, comprises: (a) the water 1
treatment process and assembly incorporate: (i) a water softener (6, 7); (ii) an ultra-violet light emitter
(8); and (iii) a sterile filter (9, 10); (b) the process and assembly treat up to 5 m water /hour; and (c)
the individual process stages are linked by short tube

[From equivalent DE19728414A1] In a process to treat water which leaches from an esp. open refuse 1
tip, the novelty is that the process has the following steps: (a) removal of the leaching water (3) from
the refuse site (1); (b) treatment of the leached water and separation into clean water (5) and
concentrated impurities (7); (c) mixing concentrate (7) with freshly-received household refuse (8) to
produce a second grade of refuse (10) enriched with concentrate (7); (d) discharge of the second
grade refuse (10) onto the dump (1); (e) the leaching water (3) is cleaned using a membrane filtration
process, evaporation or nanofiltration; (f) the freshly arriving household refuse has a water content of
30 to 40 %, and is enriched with concentrate to about 45% water content; (g) the concentrate and
refuse are mixed using either a mixer drum or a refuse shredder assembl

In a process to clean a dead-end or micro-filtration membrane water filter unit, the filter is freed of 1
filtered residues by back-flushing from the permeate side and/or the direction of a tangential rinse on
the filter fluid side. The improvement is that: (a) prior to the back-flush action, the filter is partially or
fully emptied, the separated particles are treated with an oxidising agent; (b) the first action (a) is
followed by back-flushing and tangential rinse; (c) the oxidisation process is effected at enhanced
temperature between 70 and 160 degrees Celsius; (d) the oxidisation agent is oxygen-enriched air
mixed with steam; (e) the process is undertaken at a pressure of between 1 and 6 bar; (f) the cleaning
and filtration processes are carried out alternatel

A biological waste water treatment separates clean water from a biological mass in a number of 1
membrane modules. The water permeates through the membrane to an inner chamber from which it
is drained. The novelty is that: (a) in one of the modules (2b), a gas flows through the membrane (3)
against the direction of water flow; (b) in the other membrane modules (2a), the clean water
permeates from the bio-reactor through the membrane (3) to the inner chamber; (c) at given intervals
a gas is passed through the membranes (3) in all modules (2a, 2b) in the opposite direction to that of
water flow; (d) the gas used is air or carbon dioxide; (e) the water under treatment follows a looped
flow path; (e) a portion of the water passes through a de-nitrification stage; (f) the pressure difference
between the two sides of each membrane is varied by a fluid pump (13). Also provided is the
assembly for carrying out the process abov

N/A 1
N/A 1

[From equivalent EP899238B1] In a process and assembly to produce water of pharmaceutical quality 1
by reverse osmosis or nanofiltration, the water is fed to a first osmosis or nanofiltration stage to yield
permeate and concentrate. The first-stage is maintained in continued operation while the resultant
concentrate is fed to a second stage, which is disconnected from the first at intervals. While
disconnected, the flow of water is reversed through the second stage membrane which is flushed
clean.

A mobile solar collector is new and drives a water treatment plant and a waste water treatment plant 1
in association with private houses, swimming pools or gardens. A mobile solar collector drives a
water treatment plant and a waste water treatment plant in association with private houses, swimming
pools or gardens. The assembly has fluid separation surfaces by means of which water is heated,
evaporated and condensed. The assembly produces drinking water from rain water. Evaporated water
is condensed using layers of gravel and enriched with minerals, prior to filtration and micro-filtration to
produce drinking water of spring water quality. Residual water from the process is used for watering
gardens and fields. The unit incorporates four stages of filtration for an emergency drinking water
supply drawing upon rainwate

The invention relates to a method for the treatment and/or pretreatment of liquids to be filtered by 1
means of a membrane filtration device (102), especially solutions, emulsions or suspensions
containing water. Said method consists of the following steps: feeding liquids to be filtered to a
treatment device (100) and/or pretreatment device (102) and/or filtration device; applying magnetic
and/or electromagnetic fields (122, 123, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138) in a treatment device
(300) and/or pretreatment device (101) and/or filtration device (102) in such a way that the liquids to
be filtered by means of the membrane (1) are or have been exposed to said fields; and evacuating the
treated liquids from the treatment device (100), pretreatment device (101) or filtration device (102

[From equivalent DE19810388B4] Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Wasser aus der Rückspülung 1
von Filtern zur Reinigung von Badewasser aus Schwimmbecken, bei dem das Rückspülwasser
nach der Rückspülung der Filter insgesamt oder teilweise in einem Speicherbehälter
zwischengespeichert und anschließend durch eine Mikro- oder Ultrafiltration nachbehandelt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass ein stärker mit Schmutzstoffen belasteter Teilstrom des Rückspülwassers als Abwasser
abgeführt wird und
dass ein Teilstrom, der schwächer mit Schmutzstoffen belastet ist, der Mikro- oder Ultrafiltration
zugeführt wird, und das Filtrat der Mikro- oder Ultrafiltration in den Badewasserkreislauf
zurückgeführt wird, wobei vorher das gesamte Filtrat der Mikro- oder Ultrafiltrationseinheit oder
ein Teilstrom des Filtrats, der einen zu hohen Gehalt an gelösten Stoffen aufweist, mittels einer
Entsalzungseinheit behandelt wir

Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, schädliche Gase aus Grundwasser mit Kunststoffmembranen 1
abzutrennen. Dies ist sowohl oberirdisch als auch in-situ im Boden möglich. Die Membranen bilden
die Wandung eines Hohlkörpers. Die aus dem Wasser durch sie diffundierenden Gase werden
abgesaugt und dadurch das Wasser gereinigt. Erfindungsmäßig werden als Hohlkörper
Membranschläuche verwendet, die entweder vom zu entgasenden Wasser durch- oder umströmt
werden (vgl. Abbildung 1: Einsatz im Boden und Abbildung 2: zwei Varianten für den oberirdischen
Einsatz). Der Membranschlauch bildet zusammen mit einer drosselbaren Zufuhrleitung für frisches
""Trägergas"" (z. B. Luft) und einer Absaugleitung für das mit den Gasen des Wassers
aufgeladenen Trägergas ein Membranschlauch-Modul bzw. eine Gasabsorptionseinheit.
Durch die Wahl des Membran-Kunststoffes sowie die Bestimmung von Schlauchdurchmesser und
-wandstärke lassen sich spezielle Erfordernisse berücksichtigen.
Die Vorteile der Erfindung liegen in der Verlagerung der direkten ""nassen"" Reinigung kontaminierter
Wässer auf die einfachere Gasreinigun
Die Ermittlung der UV-Transmission erfolgt durch Messung und Auswertung der Strahlungsst rke
einer einen Bereich des Mediums durchstrahlenden UV-Strahlenquelle. Die emittierende Fl che der
UV-Strahlenquelle ist teilweise in das stremende Medium und teilweise in einen Referenzraum
erstreckt oder grenzt daran an. Zwei UV-Sensoren sind auf Bereiche gleicher Bestrahlungsst rke der
emittierenden Fl che der UV-Strahlenquelle gerichtet, wobei der eine UV-Sensor im stremenden
Medium und der andere UV-Sensor im Referenzraum angeordnet ist. Beide UV-Sensoren sind mit
einer Me- und Auswerteschaltung verbunden, die die Signale der UV-Sensoren vergleicht und
auswerte

Treatment of swimming pool and bath water comprises passing all or a partial stream of the water to a
reactor with a titanium dioxide catalyst irradiated with ultraviolet radiatio

[From equivalent US6383385] The invention relates to a filter device for the physical elimination of 1
microbes, suspended matter and solids from water, which in a housing has a filter insert made of 200
to 10000 hollow-fiber membranes with a defined pore width between 0.001 and 1.0 mum and which
can be mounted on a water tap with its top side. A disadvantage of previously known filter devices is
that deposits will adhere to the fibers. In order to remedy this drawback, the bottom side of the device
of the invention features separate outlets for filtered and unfiltered water and at least in the outlet for
the unfiltered water a valve is fitted with which this outlet can be closed.

The reverse osmosis apparatus., with a water feed into a buffer vessel (30), has a high pressure 1
pump (20) to take the water from the vessel to a filter module (10) for reverse osmosis. To control the
working cycle, a level sensor (40) in the buffer vessel continuously registers the vessel filling level,
and is connected to a timer (72). The actual and/or mean values of the inflow and outflow, which
change the level in the buffer, are established by an evaluation of the changes in the level by time.
The yield, as a relationship between the removal of permeate and the untreated water feed, is
determined by the established inflows and outflows. The duration of the concentrate separation phase
in the actual cycle is set according to the established data, so that the yield is close to a given
threshold value. Within the working cycle, the concentrate separation phase is directly in front of the
filling phase where a fresh charge of untreated water is delivere

[From equivalent US6224740] The invention relates to a process for the electrolysis of sodium 1
chloride-containing brine with parallel operation of amalgam electrolysis units (5) and membrane
electrolysis units (4) with a common brine circuit using a mercury-resistant oxygen consumable
cathode in the membrane electrolysis unit (4).

An assembly for cleaning water has a canned filter unit (10) with a buffer store (24) with a watertight 1
buffer container (26), linked to the inner pipe (14) through the filtrate connecting channel (28) and is
mostly filled with filtrate in operation. The buffer container (26) has a compressed air line (30) and an
upper air bleed line (32). The assembly for cleaning water has a canned filter unit (10) with a buffer
store (24) with a watertight buffer container (26), linked to the inner pipe (14) through the filtrate
connecting channel (28) and is mostly filled with filtrate in operation. The buffer container (26) has a
compressed air line (30) for bursts of compressed air for back flushing, in a connection so that filtrate
can only be shifted from the buffer to flow into the inner pipe (14). The buffer container (26) has an
upper air bleed line (32), for the escape of displacement air after the filtrate has been exposed to
compressed air burst
Die Erfindung beschreibt Filterbeutel zur Wasserbehandlung und -reinigung. Unter ""Filterbeutel"" 1
wird ein Behältnis verstanden, welches zur Aufnahme von Wirkstoffen zur Wasserreinigung und/oder
Wasserbehandlung geeignet ist. Die Wirkstoffe können als Partikel und/oder als imprägnierte
und/oder als beschichtete Fasermaterialien eingesetzt werden. Der Filterbeutel kann starr oder
flexibel sein und Vorrichtungen besitzen, mit denen er nach bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch aus
der zu behandelnden Flüssigkeit entfernt wir

A seawater desalination plant is driven by an inert gas e.g. liquid nitrogen. The assembly has a liquid 1
gas tank (1) and an inert gas (4) evaporator (5) that together deliver gas (3) under pressure. The
pressurized gas is discharged to a reverse osmosis (9) water tank (12). The pressurized gas drives
sea water directly or indirectly through the membrane. Following evaporation (5) heat energy (8) in
the water vapor is surrendered and used to evaporate further liquid gas (4) for admission to the water
tank (12), thereby maintaining water pressure on the membrane. After discharge of water from the
tank, residual gas (13) travels via a pipe and regulator (14) device for use as an energy source in a
buffer tank (11). Further claimed is that the desalination plant is suitable for use as a chassis-mounted
mobile assembl

Pond or aquarium filter for removing very fine particles and cells and algae from water, optionally as a 1
partial stream (2), has one or more membrane filters (3) with a pore size no greater than 1 micro

The upper block (1) has a bore (12) with a fluid inlet (15) and holds tubes (3) the other end of which
has the lower block (2) with connecting bores. The tubes carry electric resistance heaters and the
blocks are clamped by threaded bolts passing through holes (4). A hole (17) houses the UV tub

In an irradiation clarifying apparatus comprising a housing containing an irradiation unit (5) through
which water to be clarified flows and a cleaning device for the external surface of the irradiation unit,
the cleaning device additionally includes at least one element for cleaning at least part of the internal
surface (2') of the housing.

The portable water purifying appliance (1) has an inner container (5) where water is poured in. An 1
overpressure is generated to force the water through a coarse filter (3) and a fine filter (4). The
container has a cap (2) with a screw thread or bayonet closure, and a seal. Pressure is generated by
a compressor, hand pump (6), hydraulically or a gas cylinder, to develop a pressure of 0.1-2.0 bar and
a valve (9) relieves overpressure. A silver wire (11) is fitted to sterilize the water, and a magnet (10) is
provide
A reverse osmosis system for producing pure water/high purity water from pre-purified raw water, 1
under the separation of a concentrate enriched with solutes in the passage of the pure water by a
semi-permeable membrane (2), comprises a reverse osmosis module (3) with the membrane (2), raw
water entry (4), a pure water exit (5), a concentrate exit (6) and a compressing device for pressure
application of the raw water in the module. A limiting device for limiting concentrate flow and a
measuring device, which are arranged at the concentration exit side. The reverse osmosis system for
producing pure water/high purity water from pre-purified raw water, under the separation of a
concentrate enriched with solutes in the passage of the pure water by a semi-permeable membrane
(2), comprises a reverse osmosis module (3) with the membrane (2), raw water entry (4), a pure water
exit (5), a concentrate exit (6) and a compressing device for pressure application of the raw water in
the module. A limiting device used for limiting concentrate flow and a measuring device, which are
arranged at the concentration exit side. The concentrate flow is changeable based on a physically
measured variable of the pure water and/or the raw water via the limiting device. The osmosis module
shows a housing for receiving the membrane with a housing body, a front side inlet flange and a front
side outlet flange. The measuring device is sensitive for determining the measured variable of the
pure water quality. The measuring device is a conductance-detecting device for detecting the
conductance of the pure water and is arranged in such a way that it detects the measured variable of
the pure water in the pure water exit. A pressure-detecting device is arranged to detect the pressure of
the raw water at a place between the compression device and the reverse osmosis module, and the
detected pressure serves as physically measured variables. A display or monitoring device is
arranged to display or monitoring the variables. A control loop is arranged to control the concentrate
flow rate depending upon the variables. The limiting device exhibits an adjustable and/or controllable
needle valve. The raw water entry is connected to the inlet flange and/or the pure water exit and/or
the concentrate exit are connected at the outlet flange. The inlet flange and/or outlet flange are
removable by the housing body. The membrane is insertable into the housing by both openings of the
front side. The entry and exit of the housing are made of stainless steel. The discharge quantity of the
pure water is detectable and with the consideration of limit values at the solutes, the discharge
quantity in the direction of maximal discharge quantity is adjustable and/or controllable by an
automatic regulation mechanism to receive a pure water qualit

Apparatus for removing particulate and dissolved materials from swimming bath water comprises a 1
prefiltration unit (4) from which a by-pass line (17) feeds part of the water stream to an interface (24).
The remainder of the stream is fed to an injection point (FM), where a flocculating agent is added, and
then to an ultrafiltration unit (7). Some of the filtrate from this is fed to the interface, while a smaller
amount is dechlorinated and passed through an reverse osmosis unit (10), after which it is fed back
via a tap (15) into the bath (1

Airlift device (10) for withdrawing clarified water from a small treatment unit comprises an integrated
disinfecting reactor (28) with an ultraviolet radiation source (26) for disinfecting the water flowing
through the device. An independent claim is also included for a small water treatment unit comprising
an airlift device as abov

Wasserfiltrationssystem mit wenigstens einem im Wasserleitungssystem absolut endständig 1

angeordneten Membranfilter vom MF- oder UF-Dead-End-Typ, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem
oder den absolut endständig angeordneten Membranfiltern ein rückspülbarer Membranfilter vom
MF- oder UF-Dead-End-Typ im Wasserleitungssystem vorpositioniert is
Wasserbehandlungsvorrichtung mit wenigstens einer Umkehrosmosemembran, dadurch 1
gekennzeichnet, das als Vorfilter für das Eingangswasser und als Nachfilter für das Austrittwasser
ein Membranfilter mit 0,01 bis 0,2 &#956;m Maschenweite eingesetzt wir

[From equivalent DE10000751U1] Membranfiltrationsvorrichtung, umfassend: 1

&#8211; eine Vielzahl von ebenen Membranfilterelementen, die zu einem Membranpaket verbunden
und innerhalb des Membranpakets parallel und beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind,
&#8211; eine das Membranpaket allseits umschließende Wandung, innerhalb welcher
&#8211; zumindest ein stromaufwärts von den Membranfilterelementen liegender Einlassraum
ausgebildet ist, der mit zumindest einer Einlassöffnung zum Zuführen einer zu filternden
Flüssigkeit in Verbindung steht, und
&#8211; zumindest ein stromabwärts von den Membranfilterelementen liegender Auslassraum
ausgebildet ist, der mit zumindest einer Auslassöffnung zum Abführen eines durch Filterung
entstehenden gefilterten Anteils der Flüssigkeit in Verbindung steht,
&#8211; eine Schwingungseinheit, welche mit dem Membranpaket und der Wandung verbunden ist,
um diese in einer Richtung in Schwingungen zu versetzen, die parallel zu den
Membranfilterelementen verlaufen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwingungseinheit mit einem Rahmen verbunden ist, der das
Membranpaket umgibt und der mittels zumindest einer Feder, deren Hauptrichtung der Federwirkung
sich parallel zur Ebene der Membranfilter.

The internal UV irradiator consists of one or more low-pressure UV irradiators in the vacuum or room
air cleaner fitted above the water bath in the cleaner head. In its fitted position the UV irradiator(s) is
water-tightly encapsulated and covered by a quartz window, preferably a quartz tube, which is
mirrored on the side opposite to the radiation outlet. An electric switch disconnects the irradiator(s),
when the water container is opene

A transportable water treatment assembly has a holding tank (1) for impure water, a holding tank (6) 1
for treated water and a water filter (4, 4'). The filter unit especially has a fine-pored filter which is
capable of retaining suspended solids and impurities down to and including bacteria size. Water is
forced through the filter under pump (2) pressure of one bar or more. The pump is preferably a hand
or motor-powered dosing pump generating preferably 4 bar or more. The holding tank (1) is
pressurised and separated from the filter (4) by a separate pressure chamber (15

[From equivalent US6841068] A domestic nanofiltration membrane based water purifier without a 1
storage tank. The water purifier according to the present invention uses a nanofiltration membrane
filter as a main filtering section and does not have a storage tank for containment of purified water.
Although conventional reverse osmosis membrane based water purification systems provide good
quality water, they have problems in that installation of the storage tanks due to insufficient flow rate
results in the increased volumes of water purifiers, and at the same time, secondary pollution may be
caused by microorganism propagation upon prolonged storage. In this regard, the present invention
provides a domestic nanofiltration membrane based water purifier without a storage tank, in which a
nanofiltration membrane filter with a pore size of approximately 0.1 to 10 nm is used as a main
filtering section.

A mobile drinking water micro-filtration microbes removal unit comprises a container for the water to 1
be cleansed, a pressure vessel (B) and one or more filter candles (C) made of a porous ceramic or a
material with similar microbes removal characteristics. The candles are located in the vessel and a
pump (D) is located between the container (A) and the pressure vessel. The pump sucks the water
out of the container and pumps it into the pressure vessel, so it is pressed through the filter candle
A household drinking water supply has a housing (2) with an inlet for mains water and an outlet (4) for
treated water. The housing contains a cavity holding a charge of various types of precious or semi-
precious stones (5) which are especially energized by ultrasonic energy. The energy supply is either
external or preferably. internal. The precious or semi-precious stones have a diameter of 0.5 cm to 5
cm, preferably. 1cm-3cm. The ultrasonic energy is supplied by a klystron emitter, heating coil,
magnetic coil, electromagnetic source, coloured light source, light bulb, light emitting diode, laser
diode ultra-violet source. The assembly is automatically operated by a time switch (9) for periods of
e.g. 10 seconds to one hour, preferably 1-15 mi

A vertical esp. circular cylindrical tank has >=1 filter bed in its lower half and directly above the 1
topmost of the beds a toroidal pipe with a number of upwards pointing spray nozzles. At the top of the
cylinder is a ventilator and passing vertically up through the centre of the filter bed(s) an air pipe ends
below the level of the toroidal sprinkler assembly and is protected against ingress of water by a cover
plate spaced away from its top ri

N/A 1

[From equivalent DE2653573A1] In this process, coagulating and oxidizing agents are added to the 1
water to be purified, and then the water is passed through a multilayer filter which can be regenerated
by back-flushing. The flow rate of the water is changed during the filtration. To regenerate the filter, in
each case a part of the filter is back-flushed with water which has been purified in the other part of the
filter. An apparatus for carrying out the process comprises two filter containers which are connected in
parallel when operated for purification and connected in series when operated for back-flushin

[From equivalent GB2002736A] A process and an apparatus for the continuous production of 1
pyrogen-free sterile water from untreated water in which the water is pressurised, pre-filtered,
subjected to an ion-exchange process, and then is subjected to a reverse osmosis process in which
the permeate comprises the pyrogen-free sterile water and the concentrate is returned to the
untreated water prior to pressurisation. Provision is made for the removal of the heat generated during
the pressurising step. Preferably the prefiltering is accomplished by a second reverse osmosis step.
The pyrogen-free sterile water thus produced can be used in injection and infusion solutions and in
eye medicaments.

N/A 1
[From equivalent US4414114] Gases which accumulate in a pressure vessel for the desalination of 1
seawater are discharged into a second vessel and pressurized therein by means of the produced,
high-pressure freshwater, for discharging gas into the surrounding sea, after which the freshwater
used for pressurization is returned to the desalination vessel. An active system and a passive system
are described.

N/A 1

[From equivalent US4244820] A fluid purification system for performing filtration of particles from a 1
feed liquid by a tangential flow of the feed liquid over a membrane surface. In one embodiment, the
purification system includes a filter cartridge contained within a filter housing having ports permitting
ingress and egress of feed liquid and filtrate. The cartridge includes a filter element having a layered
construction with a thin flow channel between the layers. One layer of the filter element is formed of a
sheet of impervious material defining one wall of the thin flow channel. Another layer of the filter
element is spaced from the one layer and formed of a sheet of permeable membrane material and
defines another wall of the thin flow channel. The spacing between the walls of the thin flow channel is
maintained by a sheet of reticular material that provides turbulence in the thin flow channel to promote
cross flow filtration. The filter element is formed into a pleated, cylindrical shape with a flow axis
parallel to the pleats.

[From equivalent US4321137] An apparatus for processing liquids such as water or the like by means 1
of a reverse osmosis device has a main pump which provides an entrance pressure to the reverse
osmosis device in connection with a throttle. In order to avoid any losses of energy, another pump is
connected to the main pump. Via a rigid shaft, a turbine is connected to the other pump which turbine
receives the high pressure located in the concentrate and releases it to the other pump.

[From equivalent US4332686] An ultrafiltration membrane comprised of a linear polyurethane having 1

a hydraulic permeability for water of about 50 to 500 1/m2 x h and a separation factor alpha of about
2x10-3 to 1x10-4, the permeability being based on determination with a membrane of a thickness of
about 0.02 mm, a pressure differential of 1 bar and a temperature of 20 DEG C. and the separation
factor alpha being established with a 2% oil-water emulsion at 25 DEG C. The membrane is
particularly suited for operation of oil-water mixtures or emulsions.

[From equivalent US4261833] A method of pretreating raw water, for instance sea water, which is 1
intended for supplying reverse osmosis units. An aqueous solution of acid salt and acid with the same
anions is mixed with the raw water, whereby the most advantageous pH value is adjusted for the
reverse osmosis, and whereby the acid salt is converted into the corresponding hydroxide. After
possible addition of flocking or flaking additives, the resulting hydroxide flakes are separated, in a
strongly concentrated form, by way of a centrifuge, particularly a plate or disc centrifuge, and together
with fresh metal salt, are again brought into solution as a salt by means of the previously mentioned
acid and, after mechanical purification in a second centrifuge, likewise particularly a plate or disc
centrifuge, are again supplied to the raw water. The pretreated raw water leaves under pressure from
the separator through which it flows and, alternatively, a chemical reducing agent may be added to
this departing water flow. With a small requirement for metal salts, the recirculation can be eliminated.
Also, the addition of the reducing agent to the pretreated raw water can be eliminated.
N/A 1

N/A 1

[From equivalent DE19811945] A municipal water treatment plant removes impurities by a membrane 1
filter (10) with an inlet. The membrane filter concentrates impurities in the retentate and releases the
permeate through an outlet. The impure water (11) is passed through the membrane filter within a
number of tubes (20) surrounded by membranes (13) in the direction of flow (19). The novelty is that:
(a) each tube (20) is substantially encompassed by a group of membrane elements (13) in the shape
of a polygon; (b) the water passage (20) is hexagonal or circular; (c) the membrane elements (13) are
cushion- or pocket-shaped, or are formed by hollow fibre membranes; (d) the membrane elements
(13) are enclosed within a housing (21) from which they may be detached by fixtures (22).

[From equivalent US4584103] Modified, polyacrylonitrile-containing membranes suitable for 1

ultrafiltration are prepared by reacting polyacrylonitrile or copolymers of acrylonitrile and other
ethylenically unsaturated monomers with, successively, hydroxylamine, at least difunctional
compounds, which act as bridge members, e.g. cyanuric chloride, a polyfunctional oligomer or
polymer, e.g. polyethyleneimine, and, finally, a reactive compound containing at least one ionic group,
e.g. an anionic reactive azo dye. The latter compound must be able to react with the polyfunctional
oligomer or polymer and is required only if the said polymer does not already itself contain ionic
groups. The novel membranes show good mechanical, temperature and pH-stabilities and are
suitable, for example, for separating monovalent ions of low ionic weight from polyvalent ions of low or
relatively high ionic weight or from monovalent ions of relatively high ionic weight and for separating
ionic compounds from non-ionic compounds or from ionic compounds which have a different
molecular weight or opposite charge. They can be used for example for separating salts from organic
compounds (dyes) or in waste-water treatment.

[From equivalentUS4539117] A method for improving the separating action in the ultrafiltration of 1
aqueous solutions containing high-molecular-weight organic compounds including water-soluble
anionic and/or non-ionic surface-active compounds consisting essentially of subjecting an aqueous
solution containing high-molecular-weight organic compounds including water-soluble anionic and/or
non-ionic surface-active compounds to an ultrafiltration through a porous membrane in the presence
of olefinically-unsaturated C16-22 fatty acids or water-soluble salts thereof, in a weight ratio of
surface-active compound to fatty acid or salt of from 20:1 to 1:1 and recovering said aqueous solution
substantially separated from said high-molecular-weight organic compounds. The retention power for
water-soluble tensides can be 0.9 or more with this measure (without the addition, </=0.1 to 0.5).
Furthermore oil can be removed to a mineral oil content of 20 mg/l, whereas without the addition of
the invention, values of more than 100 mg/l in the permeate are obtained.

The invention relates to an installation which operates by the principle of reverse osmosis, the 1
pressures required for the reverse osmosis being generated by a centrifuge. Installations of this type
are used for the desalination of seawater or the like and for separating a liquid mixture or a solutio
Es werden Silikonkautschuk-Membranen, die aus einem Polymerisat mit einem Anteil von mehr als 50 1
Gew.-R Silikonkautschuk bestehen, eine Staerke von 1 µm bis 500 µm aufweisen und integrierte
Stuetzgewebe enthalten, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zum Be- und
Entgasen von Fluessigkeiten beschriebe

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Diffusionsprozesse der Trennung von Gas- und 1
Fluessigkeitsgemischen mittels polymerer Selektivmembranen, insbesondere auf Membranelemente
zur Trennung von Gas- und Fluessigkeitsgemischen sowie auf Membranapparate, in denen die
genannten Elemente zur Verwendung kommen. Das erfindungsgemaess vorgeschlagene
Membranelement enthaelt zwei semipermeable Membranen (1), zwischen denen ein poroeser
Traeger eingeschlossen ist, welcher in Form von zwei poroesen Platten (2) ausgefuehrt ist, die auf
der einen Seite flach und auf der anderen gerippt sind und mit den gerippten Seiten einander
zugewandt sind. Der erfindungsgemaesse Membranapparat mit den genannten Membranelementen
(1, 2) enthaelt ein Gehaeuse (5), einen Deckel (6), Stutzen (7, 8) zur Einleitung und Abfuehrung des
zu trennenden Gemisches, ein Paket der Membranelemente (1, 2), die aus Membranen (1) und
poroesen Traegern bestehen, von denen jeder aus zwei Platten (2) ausgefuehrt ist, die auf der einen
Seite flach und auf der andere gerippt sind und mit den gerippten Seiten einander zugewandt sind.
Das Paket der Membranelemente (1, 2) ist von einer elastischen Huelle umschlossen, die an den
Stirnflaechen (12) der Elemente (1, 2) und an einem Vorsprung (13) anliegt, der am Deckel (6)
ausgebildet ist, wobei dessen Umfang mit dem Umfang des Paketes uebereinstimm

[From equivalent DE3129551A1] Method and apparatus for treating liquids by reverse osmosis 1
and/or ultrafiltration, at least one single-acting reciprocating pump being used to generate the working
pressure and the liquid concentrate leaving the treatment module during the pressure stroke of the
pump being fed to the rear side of the pressing piston of the pump and being discharged after
pressure reduction during the suction stroke of the piston. As a control appliance for the liquid
streams, the apparatus is provided with a double seat valve having a piston as drive element, one
surface of which is connected to the working space of the pump, and the liquid outlet of the treatment
module opens out into the valve space of the control appliance between piston and double seat valv

Es wird eine semipermeable Verbundmembran und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung beschrieben. 1
Die semipermeable Verbundmembran besteht aus 1) einem poroesen Substrat, 2) einem
ultraduennen Film als Oberflaechenschicht, die gebildet wurde durch Vernetzungspolymerisation von
Polyvinylalkohol und einer Aminoverbindung mit wenigstens zwei sekundaeren Aminogruppen unter
Verwendung eines polyfunktionellen Vernetzungsmittels, das in der Lage ist, mit den sekundaeren
Aminogruppen und Hydroxylgruppen zu reagieren, und 3) einer poroesen Innenschicht, die sich aus
wasserunloeslichem Polyvinylalkohol zusammensetzt und die zwischen dem poroesen Substrat und
dem ultraduennen Film vorlieg

Eine Folie, die sich eignet zur Trennung fluessiger oder gasfoermiger Mehrkomponentensysteme, 1
bestehend aus einer semipermeablen Membran, die auf ihrer Oberflaeche Profilierungen aufweist
und die bevorzugt auf einem der Befestigung dienenden Traegermaterial aufgebracht ist. Die
Profilierungen werden entweder bei der Herstellung der Membran auf profilierten Releasematerialien
gebildet oder es werden Profilgebungselemente dazu verwendet, die auf der Folienoberflaeche oder
in der Membranschicht oder zwischen Traegermaterial und Membranschicht befestigt werden.
Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Folie und Verwendung fuer spiral- oder schichtfoermig aufgebaute
Membranscheidevorrichtun
Es wird eine Membranpackung geschaffen, die einen hochporoesen Traeger aufweist, der 1
sandwichartig zwischen einigen Membrangefuegen eingesetzt ist, die stets benetzt gehalten werden
muessen, wobei die Packung ein Loch aufweist und um das Loch herum versiegelt oder verschweisst
ist, um ein Eindringen von im Loch anzutreffender Schmutzstoffe behafteter Fluessigkeit in den
poroesen Traeger der Packung zu verhindern. Die Membranpackung wird durch Impraegnieren des
Traegers mit einem fliessfaehigen Polymer, der sich verfestigt, um eine duenne Schicht auf beiden
Traegerflaechen zu belassen, und durch Verschweissen der Polymerschichten mit den Membranen
an der einen und der anderen Seite des Traegers geschaffen. Das Ultraschallschweissen der
Membranengefuege mit dem Traeger kommt zur Anwendung, waehrend die Membranengefuege
benetzt sind, wobei durch das Ultraschallschweissen die an der Grenzflaeche zwischen dem Traeger
und den Membranengefuegen befindliche Feuchtigkeit ausgetrieben wird, so dass es sogar moeglich
ist, wasseranziehende Polymere zu verwende

[From equivalent DE3228850A1] Teildurchlaessige Membran, insbesondere Messfuehler- oder 1

Filtermembran, die mit einer mikrobentoetende Metallionen abgebenden Substanz, vorzugsweise
Silber, Kupfer oder Gold oder einer Verbindung eines oder mehrerer dieser Metalle, und mit einer
damit kombinierten, die Metallionenabgabe foerdernden Substanz, vorzugsweise elementarem
Kohlenstoff oder Titan, ausgeruestet is

An apparatus for mass transfer, in particular a plate dialyser, has a multiplicity of membrane layers, 1
each of which are provided with a spacer layer which is formed by an embossed and cured polymer
mass. The membranes are preferably brought into contact with each other before the mass has
cured, so that a completely sealed membrane package results. The membranes themselves have, in
addition to a surrounding spacer edge and individual sealing arrangements in the region of the
through-holes, a multiplicity of spacer points which are distributed about the remaining membrane
surface.

[From equivalent DE3243147A1] To treat sea water by distillation using an evaporator (18) or by 1
reverse osmosis, in addition to a mechanical prepurification and addition of chlorine, a treatment can
be provided upstream in which, by using chemicals at least some of which can be recovered, deposits
of calcium sulphate and calcium carbonate are avoided and magnesium is separated off with the aid
of ion exchanger resins. The ion exchanger treatment according to the invention includes three steps
(4, 10, 16), the first, novel per se, being equipped in particular with a magnesium-charged, weakly
acidic, highly alkaline earth metal-selective ion exchanger (4).

[From equivalent DE3243817A1] To produce aseptic pure water, a vacuum degasifier is used which 1
reduces to a minimum the microbes contained in the water which is to be treated. To maintain the
aseptic state, in cases where there is a low consumption or during shutdown or if there is a relatively
large requirement for internal water quantities, care must be taken to maintain the aseptic state of the
water, for example by providing downstream a reservoir under reduced pressure through which the
water continuously flows. Conventional treatment plants which are operated with ion exchangers or
reverse osmosis units can be converted for the production of aseptic pure water by the use of a
vacuum degasifier. The pure water treated in such a manner satisfies the highest requirements, for
example of the pharmaceutical or electronic industr

The invention relates to an apparatus for treating aqueous solutions, in particular water, with the aid of 1
a reverse osmosis cell (10). Bacterial contamination is to be counteracted by means of the invention.
This is achieved in that a bypass line (36) is provided parallel to the inlet valve (3) for the untreated
water, through which bypass line is maintained a continuous flow which constantly impinges the
osmosis cell (10).
Filtration apparatus for drinking water treatment for travel purposes or the like having a receiving 1
vessel (1) for the water to be filtered having a top feed opening, a filter element (2) in the bottom
region and an outlet opening (10) lying below the filter element, in which the filter element (2) is
formed by a reduced-pressure chamber (6), which is closed off from the receiving vessel (1) by a
sieve-like supporting plate (7) and a filter layer (21) which can be applied to this and which reduced-
pressure chamber is furnished on its side remote from the receiving vessel (1) only with a closed base
(9) which is provided with the outlet opening (10) which is furnished on the outside with a connection
piece (11) for a source (3) of low pressure.

[From equivalent US4698154] A modular unit as a filtering apparatus for a membrane separation 1
process, especially for treating water by reverse osmosis, includes a pipe which is open at both ends.
A stack of membranes adapted to the inner diameter of the pipe can be inserted into the pipe. The
stack of filter elements, which includes guide plates, carrier plates, and membranes, is clamped
together by a central clamping bolt which passes through the filter element stack between two fixed
pressure plates. Located at the peripheries of the pressure plates are inclined circumferential grooves
in which are disposed sealing rings which, when excess pressure exists in the interior of the housing,
are urged radially and axially outwardly, and thus effect a good seal between the inner wall of the pipe
and the peripheries of the pressure plates.

[From equivalent US4840636] A stream of gas is forced through the pores of an object and either the 1
gas itself or a component thereof is electrically activated through partial brush discharge such that
reaction products will modify the surface of the pore walls as the gas flows through. The method
avoids vacuum deposition methods as well as wet-coating methods and is applicable for either
hydrophobizing or hydrophilizing objects and for improving, for example, biochemical activities or
compatability of the object with a liquid to be filtered later.

[From equivalent US4616041] A membrane of a substantially non-crosslinked organic polymer which 1

contains complex-forming groups bonded to the polymer chain via an alkylene radical, at intervals of
not less than 4 carbon atoms.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyether polycarbonates, to a 1
process for stabilising the polyether polycarbonates prepared in this way, to a process for the
production of membranes from the polyether polycarbonates prepared according to the invention, to
stabilised membranes obtainable by the process according to the invention, and to the use of the
polyether polycarbonate membranes obtainable by the process according to the invention for dialysis,
ultrafiltration and reverse osmosi

Process for treating salt-containing aqueous solutions containing or not containing volatile 1
constituents, such as brackish water, sea water and waste water, in which the water to be treated is
optionally subjected to a simple chemical treatment process, is fed into a pressure- or vacuum-
operated crystalliser, the crystal slurry flowing out of the crystalliser is divided into two part-streams,
the one part-stream being returned into the crystalliser and the other part-stream being conducted
away for further treatment or landfill, vapours from the crystalliser being fed to a pressure- or vacuum-
degasser, water from the crystalliser being cooled or heated in a heat exchanger and then fed to the
degasser, the gas therefrom being fed to a gas cooler, the condensate draining off being collected and
the partially-desalted water being discharged from the degasser, possibly for further treatment.
Alternatively, the water from the crystalliser, instead of being fed to the heat exchanger having a
downstream degasser, can be fed to an evaporator having an upstream membrane separation unit or
an ion exchanger. The vapours therefrom are passed to a vapour cooler, the condensate is collected
in a condensate vessel and the brine is discharged for further treatmen
N/A 1

[From equivalent US4695380] A fluid treating apparatus has a plurality of chambers arranged in a 1
stack along the apparatus axis; inlet and outlet ports in end plates as well as a central channel for
introducing fluid into and removing fluid from the apparatus; and a plurality of fluid-impervious
diaphragms situated in a spaced relationship in the chambers in an orientation generally
perpendicular to the axis. The fluid is guided along the diaphragms generally radially inwardly. The
apparatus further has a plurality of support frames arranged in a stack along the axis. Each support
frame includes an inner ring spacedly surrounded by an outer ring. The radially inner face of the outer
ring and the radially outer face of the inner ring of each support frame together define radially outer
and radially inner boundaries, respectively, of the chambers. The radially outer faces of the outer rings
together form an outer wall face of the apparatus, and the radially inner faces of the inner rings
surround the central channel. Each outer ring has a supporting face engaging a radially outer
marginal surface portion of an adjoining diaphragm, and each diaphragm has a central aperture in
axial alignment with each inner ring and a passage at a radially outer part for allowing flow of fluid
axially through each diaphragm.

The pressurised water supply plant is used for a water desalination plant which operates by the 1
osmosis principle. In this case, salt water is pumped to a high pressure and a part thereof is branched
off as fresh water via filter devices. The portion of the salt water not flowing through filter devices is
fed to a water turbine for energy recovery. In order to be able to design pumps and turbines with
optimal efficiencies, two pumps are provided of which the low-pressure pump (2) is driven by a motor
(3) whereas the high-pressure pump (6), coupled to the turbine (13), forms a separate unit.

[From equivalent DE3514189A1] The present invention ""portable group filtration apparatus for 1
obtaining drinking water from contaminated surface water, in particular a filtration unit comprising a
hand pump, adaptor and disposable sterile filter therefor"", relates to a treatment apparatus which
permits improved clarifying and/or sterile filtration versus known pressure filtration systems having
pneumatic piston displacement pumps and disposable filter holders having a membrane filter. In this
case, risk-free filtration of A/B/C-contaminated surface waters is possible via a by-pass-free sterile
filter holder. A special disposable filter holder having a membrane filter package is provided which has
a high filter surface area and is exposed to a restricted filter pressure in such a way that water
situated in a pretreatment vessel can be sucked in via a 3-way adaptor and can only be passed into
the disposable filter below a filter pressure which is preset within a narrow pressure range. As soon as
a filter pressure is established which is higher than the preset filter pressure, the water remaining
upstream of the disposable filter flows back into the pretreatment vessel via an open check valve. If
the threshold pressure determining the opening pressure of the check valve is undershot, the safety
valve closes so that the contaminated water again flows through the disposable filter holde

[From equivalent US4797211] A cross flow microfilter comprises a filter housing having a flow 1
chamber wherein a fluid is introduced on one side and a concentrate is removed on the opposite side
a collection chamber from which a filtrate is removed, and at least one microporous membrane over
whose one surface the fluid to be filtered flows in a parallel stream and whose other surface is
oriented toward the collection chamber, the membrane having pores of a width between about 0.1
micron and 30 micron, the improvement wherein the pores of the membrane have slit-shaped cross-
sections and given profiles, and are formed by a plurality of webs arranged in rows with
predetermined spacing and by terminating plates which cover the webs, and the webs are applied
onto one of the two plates by X-ray lithographic means, X-ray depth lithographic-galvanoplastic
means, or molding and galvanoplastic means.
[From equivalent DE3600333A1] New membrane for the separation of liquids by evaporation 1
consists of a polymeric substance which in its main chain contains a glycosidic skeleton comprising
cationic groups and/or anionic groups of which at least some form a salt with counter-anions and/or
counter-anions. Pref. anionic groups are sulphate ester, sulphonic acid, carboxylic acid, phosphate
ester and phosphonic acid residues. Preferably, 9-70 mol % of the anionic groups are bound to
polyvalent metal ions, so as to effect cross-linking. Pref. cationic groups are ammonium groups and
groups in which an N-atom is coordinated with a polyvalent metal ion. Preferred polymeric substances
are salts of alginic acid or alginic acid derivs., salts of anionic cellulose derivs., salts of chitosan or
chitosan derivs., and salts of cationic cellulose derivs. In a new process for evaporation by means of a
membrane, a mixture of water and an organic liquid or a mixture of two organic liquids is separated by
evaporation using a separating membrane as defined above which has been dried to a water content
not exceeding 25 wt.

It is known that when reverse osmosis (RO) is employed to remove a large part of the salt content of 1
untreated water, the used membrane is plugged after a certain time by depositing salts. The majority
of the deposit is composed of CaSO4 which can no longer be dissolved in the solution concentrated
by RO. In the present case, the formation of these salts is prevented by removing the sulphate ions
from the as yet unconcentrated untreated water with the aid of a weakly basic specific anion
exchanger, the Cl ions of which replace the SO4 ion

The plant operated by solar energy for the desalination of sea water and other salt-containing
solutions operates in a closed space. The walls and the switchable solar collector acting as a roof are
made of UV-resistant films. During the day, the collector heats the preheated solutions and at night it
becomes a condenser. The salt water sprayed over the salines, which evaporates in the salines is
condensed beneath the roof, the cooling water flowing in the condenser becoming the preheated
solution for the daytime operation. Since reservoirs, salines and the other devices are installed under
the same collector roof, the ascending heat is returned back to the energy circuit. The space under
the collector roof not required for the desalination process is used as a greenhouse, the water
required by the plants also being retained as a natural water circulation as a result of the tent closed
airtightly, so that a condensate-water excess results which can be supplied to other application

[From equivalent EP0243876] The membranes are produced from at least one porous support and at 1
least one semipermeable layer formed on the porous support, and they are prepared by reacting, on
the surface of the porous support, an at least bifunctional amine having primary or secondary amino
groups with an at least bifunctional, bisulphite-masked isocyanate, the amine and the masked
isocyanate being applied separately in the dissolved form to the porous support, and water or
aqueous mixtures being used as solvent for the amine and the masked isocyanate, the solvents for
the amine and for the masked isocyanate having to be miscible with one another; the invention also
includes the membranes thus obtained and their use in pressure filtration and reverse osmosis.

An arrangement comprising an integrated unit of a filter and electrolytic conversion of Cl into (OCl) 1
serves for the treatment and reliable sterilisation of drinking water, the chloride usually contained in
the water being sufficient. In the filter, filter cartridges are used which are adapted to the respective
water quality. Flow rate and electrolysis current are likewise adjusted to the water quality. The
electrical supply is 12 V direct current. Downstream of the arrangement are provided vessels for the
reaction course between hypochlorite and the microorganisms. They also serve for storing filtered and
sterilised wate

A device for purifying water is described, which employs a filter cartridge (4) which contains material 1
to bind impurities (contaminants). The filter cartridge (4) is inserted in the tubular socket (3) of a
container for holding water. The socket (3) is closed at its bottom (6). Its inside dimensions are larger
than the filter cartridge (4). Water passing through the filter cartridge (4) rises in the interspaces
between filter cartridge (4) and socket (3) and only emerges from the device at openings (7), arranged
at the upper end of the socket (3) in the wall of the socket (3). The water remaining in the socket (3)
and the filter cartridge (4) prevents the purification material from drying out.
The contaminated barrel-finishing waters are, preferably after mechanical pretreatment, circulated at 1
a pressure of preferably 1.4 bar and at an average operating temperature of preferably from 30 to
35@C, and with an abrasive-compound content of preferably 2%, through a microfilter system whose
filter membranes have a nominal pore size of 0.2 mu m. In the process, periodically at relatively short
intervals of from 2.5 to 5 minutes, without interrupting the filtration circulation, a compressed-air blast
of approximately 3 bar is injected into the filtrate line, in a direction opposite to the filtrate flow. In
addition, periodically at intervals of from approximately 1.5 to 2 hours, and interrupting the filtration
process proper, cleaned barrel-finishing water is pumped as a flushing liquid through the microfilter
system in a direction opposite to the normal filtrate flow.

[From equivalent US4859324] An apparatus for filtering a machining liquid of an electroerosion 1

machine includes a pump for supplying the machining liquid to a filter having a membrane. The filter is
constructed in such a way that the concentrate is carried substantially tangentially to the membrane
wall in a circuit, and the concentrate quantity per time unit carried substantially tangentially to the filter
membrane wall in the circuit is greater than the permeate quantity per time unit removed from the
filter.

Reverse osmosis process, in particular for water treatment, in which a solution is fed to a 1
semipermeable membrane, separating it into concentrate on the entry side and permeate on the exit
side of the membrane, which, to remove or prevent deposits, precipitations, blockages or the like and
to conduct away the concentrate, is flushed with the solution, the flushing being carried out
periodically and only within a wash time (t) which is considerably smaller than the flushing perio

[From equivalent DE3830157A1] The cross-flow filter module according to the invention is composed 1
of commercial filter media, spacers and drainage devices and combines the advantage of the
compact construction of pleated or similarly shaped filter elements with the advantage of good
cleanability and ability to be backwashed. The module, in sandwich construction, can be used both for
cross- flow filtration and also for dead-end filtratio

The plants hitherto known for the decontamination of water operate batchwise and discontinuously. In 1
order to be able to decontaminate continuously and thus saving time, space and staff, according to
the invention a plant is proposed which comprises a tubular reactor, a floc separator and a clarifying
and sterilising filter. For these three main components of the plant, the equipment subunits specifically
used, the process sequence and particular embodiments are described in the subclaim
The apparatus has a plurality of prepurification processes. It purifies itself from the water supply. The
water flow rate determines the buildup of a higher efficiency. All manipulations are open to view in the
narrowest space. In the prepurification phase and in the take-off position, the convincing clarity of the
achievable water quality becomes visible. Savings in water by a comprehensive intensive process
which leads to the highest purity. Pollutants are conducted out of the water. Convincing proof is given
of which hazards surround us. TEA + BATHS + PURE WATER become a REMEDY. Ultrasonic
purification filters first make possible the smooth circulation system. The vortexing nozzles achieve an
immediate conversion of the hard mains water into mild, soft water jets. Energies are produced and
transferred. Lime is converted and passed out. Hard water is no longer present in the entire field of
action. Energies are repeatedly built up. The entire body and organism is renewed with ""pure"" water,
the cells regenerate by themselves. The improvement in the quality of life gives grateful jo

N/A 1

[From equivalent DE3914940A1] A supply of water of less than ideal quality is delivered to a purifier 1
(5) holding one or more semi-permeable membranes (6) which with suitable differential pressure pass
through the purifier a supply of pure drinking water. Additives such as flavour enhancing CO2 are
electronically controlled. Water travelling past, but not through, the membranes is used for domestic
purposes such as baths, toilet flushing etc. The purified water is delivered to a storage cotnainer, e.g.
an expandible flexible bag (18) inside a rigid casing. If not used in a set period, e.g. 3 days, this
stored water is returned to the domestic usage distributor. If the storage cotnainer is full, a counter-
pressure is applied near the membrane to halt reverse osmosis and further pure water prodn. USE -
Produces pure water, largely free of bacteria, at low cos

[From equivalent EP0398093 ] Composite membranes comprising a macroporous, filler-containing 1

membrane of at least two incompatible polymers and a pore-free polyurethane membrane applied
thereon have an improved action in the separation of benzenes which may be substituted by lower
alkyl radicals, hydroxyl, chlorine or bromine from their mixtures with aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic
hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, ketones and/or carboxylic esters or from wastewater.

[From equivalent DE4026634A1] Device consists of a vessel which can be closed by a cover, a filter 1
cartridge contg. a cleaning material and located in the base of the vessel, and a container with a
handle for receiving the cleaned water. The vessel is placed inside this container. The vessel has a
handle to which the cover is attached by a pivot. A pin is provided on the jug handle for the purpose of
attaching an extension of the cover. This attachment is achieved by means of a snap-on fork on the
outer end of the cover extension, and a recess is provided in the handle for the purpose of receiving
this fork. The cross-section of the handle is U-shaped, and in the working position it lies against the
handle of the inner container, and encloses it over a considerable part of its length. Used in cleaning
water which is, for example, intended for the making of tea. The fixing of the cover to the handle
allows the cover to be closed accurately without having to fit it precisely in position, and this reduces
the risk of the cover falling off (due to not being properly closed) while the water is being poured ou
A new drinking water treatment unit (1) contains a number of exchangeable filter elements (5) and at 1
least one sterilising unit (6). At least two water purifiers (5,5') and one chemical water purifier (10) may
be used. The filters are electronically monitored and controlled. The filter elements are individually
numbered and date stamped. The treatment unit may be controlled by a microcomputer (4). The
treated water flow rate is 0.4 to 1.2 l/m. The unit is electrically connected in parallel with a water
heater and is located in the same housing as the water heater. The control unit sums the quantity of
water used and provides an acoustic or visual alarm when exchange of a filter element is due. The
supply of water may be automatically shut off if a filter element is not exchanged at the correct time.
The treatment unit is connected upstream or downstream of a drinking water storage tank. A temp.
controller (7) is provided downstream of the treatment unit and maintains the water at a required
temp. in the range 10 to 20 degrees

Removal of NH3 or NH4(+) ions and/or other oxidisable N cpds. from aq. solns. is effected by oxidn.
with a peroxydisulphate (I) while irradiating with UV light. USE/ADVANTAGE - The process is esp.
useful for treating drinking water. The treatment is capable of reducing NH4(+) levels from 5-20 ppm
to less than 0.5 ppm in relatively short times, e.g., up to 2 hrs., mainly by conversion to N2 (plus minor
amts. of nitrat

[From equivalent US5250184] Gas and liquid separation with membranes has either been achieved 1
by organic polymer membranes, which are limited by low temperature stability and a separation
mechanism through adsorption or solubility in the membrane matrix, or by inorganic membranes,
whose gas and liquid separation efficiency is limited by Knudsen diffusion. The membranes of this
invention show a temperature stability up to 500 DEG C and a gas separation with separation factors
better than the Knudsen limit. Continuous microporous inorganic membranes of any desirable
thickness can be prepared by e-beam evaporation of metal oxides on a support membrane, which
has substantially larger pores than the metal oxide membrane. It is advantageous when the support
membrane consists of the same material as the microporous membrane. The membranes are of
porous structure with a narrow pore size distribution of pores, where the majority of the pores have
diameters smaller than 1 nm. The membranes can be used in all areas of gas and liquid separation,
where the selective separation of smaller molecules from mixtures is desired (f.e. gas concentration
by removal of water from natural gas, hydrogen from synthesis gas). The membranes can also be
used for the concentration of aqueous solutions (fruit juices with retention of aroma compounds,
vitamines and other compounds important for the flavor and nutritional value of the juice; biological
liquids like lymphe, blood, or others with retention of valuable compounds including small peptides,
hormones, antibiotics and others) and for the concentration of organic solutions with retention of
molecules larger than the solvent including oligomers and polymers.; The membranes can also be
used for the concentration of waste water with retention of organic contaminants like phenol resins
and coal oil at coking plants. If the membranes have been made catalytically active, the membranes
can also be used for the selective and poison resistant conduction of heterogeneously catalyzed three
phase reactions by having the reaction gas diffusing through the catalytically active membrane to
react at the other side of the membrane with the liquid, consisting of molecules too large to penetrate
the pores.

To give a continuous removal of material from a fluid in small concentrations, esp. in an adsorption 1
process, the fluid is sepd. before it enters the prepn. stage into a concentrate rich in material and a
cleaned permeate using reverse osmosis, electrodialysis or ultrafiltration. The concentrate is treated
in the handling stage while the permeate passes round it to be mixed together after the concentrate
has been processed. The liquid initially enters a stage in front of the treatment zone, where the liquid
is sepd. for treatment. The mixed liq., using the treated concentrate and the permeate is further
treated after mixing. In the treatment stage, active carbon or active earths are the adsorption agent.
The water is cleaned, by adsorption of matter such as CKW, pesticide and heavy metals, while
minerals are retained. ADVANTAGE - The process gives a more selective sepn. system to remove
certain matter in the water, for example, while retaining other matter which is required in the li
[From equivalent DE4135637A1] A device for measuring the degree of exhaustion of a water 1
treatment filter comprises a display unit with marks and at least one indicating unit with marks which
can be moved relative to the display unit. The display unit has two indicating units. The first and/or the
second indicating unit is pref. in the form of a disc which is attached to the display unit by a pivot, for
example a pin. The display unit has three openings. The first opening displays an indication of the
duration of use in weeks, which is marked on the first indicating disc. The second opening displays an
indication of the quantity of prod or the number of cups to be prepd and/or the degree of hardness,
which is also marked on the first indicating unit. USE/ADVANTAGE - Used in drink prepn. units, e.g.
coffee- and tea-making machines. A simple device accurately displays the week in which replacement
of the water softening filter cartridge is required. The degree of hardness and e.g. the usual number of
cups consumed per day are selected in opening, and the expected filter life is read from another
opening and is used to set the expected filter renewal date in openin

Process for cleaning off-line reverse-osmosis equipment, which is novel in that, the reverse osmosis 1
apparatus is flushed, on its raw and/or purified water side, with purified water, and simultaneously the
contents of the purified water system are changed. USE/ADVANTAGE - Cleaning of reverse osmosis
equipment, using desalinated/purified into previously prepared by the equipment, whilst
simultaneously charging the water in the purified water tan

[From equivalent DE4210413A1] The membrane for the sepn. of polydispersions into continuous and 1
dispersed phases, and emulsions into their components, has a porous carrie support grid with a
membrane layer of bonded powder material. The powder granules and the bonding agent are
structured to give passage openings in the layer to allow the continuous phase to pass through and
retain the dispersed or emulsified phase. Also claimed is an assembly with a membrane as the filter,
of a bonded powder layer on a carrier support grid. Pref. metal or ceramic powders are used for the
membrane layer, with a high affinity for the continuous phase. For hydrophilic characteristics, the
ceramic powder and bonder are mixed in a ratio to give a ceramic powder content of min. 55 wt.%.
The membrane layer can also contain pigments. The carrier support grid is a metal felting or woven
material, or a glass fibre woven, with a mesh width of 5-60 microns. USE/ADVANTAGE - The
membrane is for filtering fluids contg. particle or oil matter, to separate them, such as in cleaning
waste water from olive oil mfg. The membrane gives the required permeability according to
application, with a high mechanical strength and stabilit

To prevent microbial build-up the number of micro organisms fed into the piping is reduced towards 1
zero. A single metabolic component minimises all micro organisms. Also claimed is an assembly
where the fluid passes through a sterile filtration before entering the pipe system. It finally passes over
a carrier material with ferrous ion bonding characteristics. Iron is pref. as the metabolic component
which is reduced by ferrous ion compounding components such as a complex developer, proteins or
other components with a high affinity for iron. The carrier material is static or within a cartridge, which
can be exchanged, for the fluid to pass through it at a station in the pipe circuit. USE/ADVANTAGE -
The method is for the provision of deionised and bacteria-free water such as for use in the
pharmaceutical of beverages industries and the like. The solids and micro organisms are filtered out
and the growth of bacteria is inhibite

[From equivalent DE4224690A1] Process for separation of liquid mixtures (solutions) of various 1
materials, into their components by use of a membrane process, with production via a membrane
separator step of a component material depleted solution (Permeate) and a component material
enriched solution (Retentate). Novelty is that for separation of the component material enriched
solution (retentate) into a solid residue (solute) and a solvent residue, the component enriched
solution into the membrane stage is concentrated up, and that in a subsequent process step, the
component material residue is precipitable from the solution (retentate). Membrane separation
process with reduced energy consumption. USE/ADVANTAGE - For recovery of both solvent and
solute from waste solutions, e.g. recycling of effluent water. Concentration and feed temperature of
solution are controlled, as are membrane operating conditions (viz. pressure), so that the retentate
solution after emerging from the membrane stage is supersaturated and precipitates solute, e.g. on
cooling or flashin
A collector line (32) from a collecting outlet (26, 30) for the used rinsing solution leads to a collecting 1
container (34) for such solution. From there, the used rinsing solution can be fed to a regeneration
stage (36). The latter stage pref. contains an ultra-filtering stage (46) with a circulating circuit (50)
contg. an ultra-filtering unit (58). The circuit has typically a container for the used solution from the
collector container. USE/ADVANTAGE - For spray guns, etc. of painting plants, with reduced disposal
problem

A water extn. system, with water treatment in the aquifer, has two or more wells for cyclic infiltration
and extn. and one infiltration water line per well, the line branching from a pure water line and feeding
an aeration device. The infiltration water line (13) discharges in a pipe loop into an infiltration pipe (14)
leading to the well casing, an infiltration injector (15) being located in the upper portion of the
descending branch at the end of the infiltration water line (13) and being fed, through a pure air line
(16), with UV purified air (5) from a ground air suction intake (4). An air vent is provided at the upper
end of the infiltration pipe (14). A well extn. line (11) of a submerged pump (10) delivers water through
a backflow preventer (21) into a compressor-free pressure tank (6), with a precisely calibrated nozzle
(28) in its side vent opening, and from their water is delivered via an UV steriliser (7) into the pure
water line (12), the infiltration water line (13) branching from the pure water line (12), via regulated
shut-off valves (19,20), downstream of the UV steriliser (7). A post-aeration device (3), connected to
the pure air line (16), branches from the extn. line (11) ahead of the backflow preventer (21). The
infiltration equipment (2), the shut-off valves (19,20), the ground air suction intake (4), the UV air and
water sterilisers (5,7), the pressure tank (6), a bidirectional flowmeter (8) and the post-aeration device
(3) are decentralised and provided separately for each well, all the wells being connected together by
the pure water line (12). Alternatively, the pressure tank (6) and the UV water steriliser (7) for all the
wells are located in a central functional building. ADVANTAGE - The system can be enlarged as
desired, operates efficiently for a long time with little maintenance, has few mechanical parts and can
be used at locations with widely varying hydrogeological conditions and water supply requirement

In a water treatment process and appts., the water is purified and sterilised directly at the water 1
withdrawal point in an integrated filter and steriliser system. Pref. the filter is an active carbon filter and
the steriliser is an UV steriliser. The filter is in the form of an exchangeable cartridge and is equipped
with display windows for the various functions. The steriliser consists of an UV-transparent plastic
hose which is looped or wound around an UV lamp which is designed for 12 V, 110 V and 220 V
supply and which is located outside the appts. USE/ADVANTAGE - The appts. is for use by tourists
and business people in hotels, camping vehicles and sites, e.g. in non-european countries, to produce
drinking water. It is small with low energy requirements (e.g. for camping use). It is inexpensive,
provides complete sterilisation and retention of suspended matter and undesired chemicals, and
provides an indication of the remaining service life of the appt

[From equivalent DE4237604A1] The use of a membrane for ultrafiltration (UF) is claimed. This 1
membrane has a non-porous hydrophilic separation layer (A) made of a polymer (I) with at least one
polyether segment. In the swollen state, the membrane contains at least 10 wt. % water, and the
polyether segment contains 2-4C divalent ether units. Polymer (I) is a polyamide-polyether block
copolymer with units of formula HO--(--CO--PA--CO--PE--O)m--H (with PA = polyamide segment; PE
= polyether segment; m = positive integer), or an epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide copolymer of
formula. USE/ADVANTAGE - W.r.t. prior-art microporous UF membranes, this membrane is not
susceptible to reduced flow due to blocked pores, and therefore has a very low tendency to fouling;
absorption of hydrophobic materials (fats, oils, proteins) is also very low. Applications include water
treatment, recovery of electrophoretic paint form effluent, purification of oil/water emulsions, milk
processing et
The prepn. of methyl-hydroxyalkyl-cellulose ethers (I) is carried out by reaction of cellulose with alkali, 1
etherification, washing the prod. with water and recovering the soluble short-chain cellulose ethers (II)
from the washings. In this process, the wash water (contg. dissolved NaCl and organic by-prods.) is
passed through an ultra- or micro-filtration membrane at a temp. between 70 deg.C and the b.pt. of
the wash water, so that the concn. of (II) in the water is increased to more than 10 g/l (measured as
carbohydrates), and the pptd. solid (II) is added to the washed (I) or worked up as a separate prod. by
further drying. Pref., membrane filtration is carried out at not more than 15 deg.C below the b.pt. of the
wash water, pref. with the wash water at 85-150 deg.C. Filtration is carried out, pref. in several stages,
at an overflow rate of 2-4 m/sec. in the membrane, using membranes with a cut-off limit of 5000
Daltons and pore size up to 2 microns, so that the concn. of (II) is increased to 30-120 g/l.
ADVANTAGE - The process enables a high proportion of the cellulose ethers in the wash water to be
recovered; this is esp. useful where there are large amts. of (II) in the washings, as when using wood
pulp as starting material or in the prodn. of low-viscosity (I), and with washings contg. large amts. of
NaCl. Other organic impurities such as glycols, polyglycols and low mol.wt. oligomers are removed
with the permeate in the membrane filtration, and the final effluent contains much less of the poorly
biodegradable (II

In removal of organic impurities from raw water, in a multi-stage processing to drinking water or 1
consumption water, (a) the crude water is passed through a trickle packing (2), in countercurrent to a
stripping gas, in a ratio by vol. of stripping gas:water of 20-200, (b) the water is led through a trickle
body (4), and (c) the water is finally purified in a rapid filter (5) through open pore inert filter material
(6) of grain size 0.5-15 mm. Before passing into the 2nd stage, the water is inoculated periodically
with a suspension of the deposits from the trickle packing (2) and the filter material (6), with the
biogrowth forming on the trickle body (4). Pref. in stage (a) the water is force-aerated with air as
stripping gas. The inert filter material is sinter glass, expanded clay, expanded slate, coal ash
granulate, active C or lignite ash xylitol. ADVANTAGE - More than 90% purification of water contg. up
to 3000 micro-g/l of (un)satd. or substd. hydrocarbons of varying compsn. is obtd. The micro-
organisms are immobilised in the 3 stages and to not float into the pure water. In continuous
operation, the processed water contains 0-5 colony-forming microorganisms/ml at 20 or 36 deg.C,
compared with an allowable level of 10

The glycerol water (sweet water) arising in the high-pressure splitting of natural fats and oils into fatty 1
acid and glycerol using steam is continuously purified. Solids having diameters above 100 mu m are
separated off from the aqueous phase by means of a plate phase separator and these are returned to
the high-pressure splitting. The aqueous phase thus prepurified is passed in transverse flow across a
filtration membrane, in particular a microfiltration membrane, and the concentrate is returned to the
inlet of the plate phase separator. The permeate flows through a fixed bed packed with an adsorber
resin. In a particularly economical manner, large product volume streams of glycerol water with
frequent change of origin can be continuously and effectively purifie

The invention relates to a modular disposal apparatus and to a treatment process for the
decontamination of contaminated waters, treatment of oxygen-consuming wastewaters and
wastewaters contaminated by heavy metal ions. The disposal and decontamination apparatus
comprises an arrangement of modules which can be connected together in different sequence which
can be used in stationary and mobile operation in order to treat a broad spectrum of waters and
wastewaters consuming oxygen and contaminated by heavy metal ions in separate module operation
or combined, depending on objective. In the centre of the apparatus are an electrochemical tandem
module 5 having a carbon- or metal-fibre cathode, preferably for the deposition of heavy metal ions
and an irradiation module 6 for the action of UV light in very narrow and broad spectral ranges. The
invention is used in the decontamination and disposal of polluted waters and wastewaters in the water
and wastewater industry, the land-filling industry, environmental protection and in pollutant-generating
branches of industry.

In a process for operating a very small osmosis unit which can produce approximately 10-50 l/d of 1
product water from feed raw water in a reverse osmosis module in a virtually constant product water
stream, the virtually constant product water stream is heated to approximately 70 DEG C-90 DEG C.
By this means the product water of the very small osmosis unit can be inexpensively disinfected and
without hazardous by-products in a technically simple and yet reliable manner.
To clean and recycle water, development and fixing liq., they are filtered, measured and monitored by 1
a programme control. The liq. are returned either to the process recirculation or back to the cleaning
stages through a bypass. A separator mixer tops up conc. developer or fixer to maintain the correct
ratios. Also claimed is an assembly with a fine filter (4) of less than 20 mu m and a microfilter (10) of
less than 1 mu m, a three-path valve (11) after the measurement stage (10), with a feed rail for liq.
back to the basi

[From equivalent US5490939] The present invention relates to a multi-stage membrane filtration 1
process for reconcentrating the overspray from a one-component, aqueous coating composition
containing high molecular weight components having a weight average molecular weight of at least
2000 and at least 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the organic components of the coating
composition, of a low molecular weight component having a weight average molecular weight of less
than 2000, that has been diluted with spray booth water from spray booths having wet flushing to form
a booth/water overspray mixture by a) preconcentrating the booth water/overspray mixture in an
ultrafiltration unit to obtain a first retentate containing high molecular weight components and a first
permeant containing water and at least a portion of the low molecular weight components, b); treating
said first permeant and the third permeant obtained in step c) below in a reverse osmosis unit to
obtain a second permeant containing essentially pure water for recycle as booth water and a retentate
containing low molecular weight components, c) treating said first and second retentates in a
nanofiltration unit to obtain a third permeant containing water and a minor portion of low molecular
weight components and a third retentate which largely corresponds in composition and concentration
to said one-component, aqueous coating composition.

[From equivalent US5565166] Tube units useful for a variety of application are provided. Preferably, 1
individual laminated tubes are joined to each other by intermediate pieces to produce a wide ribbon of
parallel tubes. The tubes are porous to certain substances, allowing them to serve as an apparatus to
exchange material between two or more fluid streams. The tubes are particularly useful as membrane
modules for exchange of material between two fluids. Continuous and discontinuous methods for
constructing such tube units are also taught.

[From equivalent DE4413304A1] Treatment of polluted water comprises: (a) reducing the solids 1
content below 20 mg/l; (b) adjusting the pH to 2-11; (c) reducing the BaSO4 concn. to 10 g/l or less
and the K2SO4 concn. to 5x10 g/l or less; and (d) passing the water through a membrane filtration or
nano-filtration uni

A membrane filter system for producing a filtrate stream from waste water (effluent) is described, in 1
which the membrane surface of the filter element, when the filtrate flow rate decreases as a result of
plugging of the filter membrane, is flushed clear by a liquid jet impinging from the outside onto the
membrane surfac

A hydrophilic, porous membrane of crosslinked cellulose hydrate (a) has been crosslinked with 1
diepoxides with water solubility at least 0.2 mol/l and has degree of crosslinking of 0.05-0.4, (b) is not
less hydrophilic than the initial cellulose hydrate membrane, and (c) has wt. loss of less than 10%
after 1 hr. in 10% NaOH at 7 deg C. Pref. the membrane is a micro- or ultra-filtration membrane or a
reinforced membrane, has degree of crosslinking of 0.12-0.25, and loss of less than 5% after 1 hr. in
10% NaOH at 70 deg C, and is crosslinked with 5-ethyl-1,3-diglycidyl-5-methylhydantoin (I).
A sea water desalination plant operates with filtration membranes and electrodes for the removal or 1
oxidation of organic colloidal proteins. The novelty is that before passing through the main
desalination plant, the sea water (a) passes through a membrane surrounded by a porous cylindrical
anode (2) fabricated from sintered metal, and which (b) encloses a co-axial cathode (1). The water
and its organic load pass first through the chamber formed by the anode and membrane where a
water jet (8) then sets up rotary motion reinforced if required by a turbine (11). The water then flows
through the porous anode on the surface of which nascent oxygen is generate, whose free radicals
oxidise the organic components. This oxidation process is repeated within the anode to remove any
organic residue

[From equivalent DE4440353A1] Process for treating liqs. contg. pollutants comprises: (a) opt. one or 1
more cleaning stages; (b) filtration of the liq. using a pressurised membrane filter; (c) concentration of
the substances retained at stage (b) and their subsequent concentration by spray evapn.; and (d)
return as appropriate of the filtration permeate derived at (b) to the original work process. Also
claimed is an embodiment of the above process specifically for the treating of liqs. contg. stripped
paints and/or dyes in which caustic soln. contg. the residues is collected in a first vessel, while rinsing
water is collected in a second vessel. The caustic soln. and rinsing water are filtered using a
pressurised membrane filter. The filter residues are concentrated if necessary by spray evapn.. The
filtration permeate substances are collected separately and returned to the process. Further claimed
is an assembly for processing liqs. contg. pollutants comprising a pressurised membrane filter unit
and an evaporator unit with distribution jets. Conduits connect the retentate chamber of the filter unit
and the distribution jets of the evaporator unit. The filtration retentate is transported using the system
pressure of the filter unit to the distribution jet

N/A

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1
N/A 1

(From equivalent US4929351) An inexpensive portable ultra-filtration system for concentrating 1

industrial waste fluids such as cutting coolant. The system is adapted for convenient use with
standard storage containers. It is lightweight, portable, and reliable, and processes waste fluids in
conformance with most local environmental regulations. Its low cost makes it ideal for small volume
applications. The system operates by continuously recycling the waste fluid through a cartridge
prefilter and then a carriage ultra-filter. It can process a fifty-five gallon drum of contaminated coolant
to yield fifty gallons of clear permeate and only five gallons of concentrated contaminated mixture in
about twenty-four hours. The clear permeate can be directly sewered in most locales. An inlet pipe
may be used to keep the point of waste fluid intake above most of the heavy contaminants such as
sludge, thereby lengthening the operating life of the filters. If necessary, post-process filters for the
clear permeate can be conveniently installed in a frame which hangs on the side of a storage
container.

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

1. A correcting filter of drinking water, comprising a track membrane as a main filtering element 1
enclosed in a housing and a propylene-based membrane made of nonwoven fabric as a prefilter,
forming a closed volume, characterized in that the prefilter is designed in the form of a case with
valves overlapping each other in an operation mode, said case is put on the outer housing, in which
the main filtering element is arranged and form a closed volume around it. 2. The correcting filter of
claim 1, characterized in that the case, the outer housing and the main filtering element are flat. 3.
The correcting filter of claim 1, characterized in that the case, the outer housing and the main filtering
element are cylindrica
La presente invención se refiere a una planta desalinizadora por osmosis inversa. La planta 1
desalinizadora comprende una toma de agua salada (1), medios para conducir el agua salada (2),
medios para establecer una columna de agua salada (3), medios de esalinización por osmosis
inversa (4) situados en la zona del extremo inferior (3b) de la columna de agua salada (3) y que
pueden estar por encima o por debajo de la superficie del mar, medios para conducir agua
desalinizada (5) y medios para conducir salmuera (6). Los medios para establecer la columna de
agua salada (3) tiene una altura tal que su peso ejerce una presión que contribuye de forma
sustancial a que se produzca el fenómeno de osmosis inversa, de forma que el agua salada se
separa en agua salinizada y salmuera. La planta incluye al menos un depósito de cabecera de agua
salada (7) situado a una determinada altura sobre la zona superior (3a) de la columna de agua (3),
estando dicho depósito de cabecera (7) en la comunicación fluida con dicha columna de agua; y
tambiénm se refiere al método correspondient

[From equivalent EP0100552A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent EP1007182A1] The invention concerns a method for treating water to abate their 1
content in suspended matter and, as the case may be in parasites, characterised in that it consists in
causing said water to pass through at least one sedimentation tank (1) at a treatment speed higher
than 20 mph then, through at least a multilayer filter with decreasing size grading (2) at a treatment
speed higher than 10 mph. The sedimentation tank used is preferably a sedimentation tank with
ballasted floc preferably lamella

[From equivalent EP1029825A2] The system comprises units (E1, E2, E3) each preparing the water, 1
each in an aggregate state. The system is connected to the potable water supply mains (NW) and/or
to a potable water supply tank (CW). There is an outlet (A1 - An) individual to each unit, for potable
water, or units may share a common outlet. Units heating the water (EH) are remote from those
cooling it (EK). A potable water heater (EH) is in thermal connection with the liquefier of a unit (EK)
cooling potable water. A first carbon dioxide container (C1) and/or a second additive container (C2)
are connected or are present. An ice cube machine, ice crusher, water cooler, water boiler, cooking
apparatus, continuous water heater and/or steamer with steam nozzle are included. A filter and/or
softener and/or sterilizer are included for the water, for which there is an inlet and an outlet. A filter can
be connected. The water outlet openings are allocated a unit (R) for intercepting and/or discharging
water and/or dosing it (D1, ... Dn

[From equivalent EP1051357A1] The invention relates to a device for degerminating water flowing
through a sanitary installation, e.g. a water outlet. Said device comprises a UV lamp (12) which is
placed in a housing (2, 3, 4). The housing is provided with a display as a simple means of checking
whether the UV lamp (12) is functioning correctly. Said display comprises a window (29) which
extends through the housing (2, 3, 4) in such a way that the visible light produced directly or indirectly
by the UV lamp through fluorescence is recognisable from outsid

[From equivalent EP1057784A1] A water purification plant for a swimming pool (1) is provided with a
filtering apparatus having a filtering circuit in which a filter (4) and a pump (3) are incorporated and via
which water from the swimming pool can be circulated. In a further circuit arranged parallel to at least
a part of the filtering circuit, a UV reactor (8) is incorporated. Further, supply members (9) for an
oxidizing and disinfecting agent are present. The oxidant in the UV reactor is introduced into the water
flowing through said reacto

[From equivalent EP1060134A1] The invention relates to a method for treating aqueous flows in a 1
bioreactor (4) and an ultrafiltration unit (10), according to which method the effluent from the
bioreactor (4) is supplied to the ultrafiltration unit (10), in which it is separated into a permeate flow (9)
and a concentrate flow (11), which permeate flow is then supplied to a membrane filtration unit (8), in
which it is separated into a product flow (7) and a discharge flow (5) containing dissolved substances,
which discharge flow is supplied to the bioreactor, wherein the product flow is recirculated to the
aqueous flows to be treated so as to obtain an essentially closed circuit water system. The invention
furthermore relates to a device for treating aqueous flows in a bioreactor, an ultrafiltration unit and a
membrane filtration unit, as well as to the use thereof in the meat and fish processing industr
Still or fizzy running water is purified for drinking by activated carbon filters and reverse osmosis (19, 1
20 and 21). The water is then disinfected by ozone treatment before bottling (15

[From equivalent EP1068888A1] A filter assembly for filtering pond or aquarium water comprises a 1
container (1,2) with an inlet chamber (15) having an upstream region (36) and a downstream outlet
(13) leading to an outlet chamber (22). A filter (16) is positioned in the inlet chamber (15) between the
upstream region (36) and the outlet (13). In use, progressive clogging of the filter causes the water
pressure in the upstream region (36) to rise until it reaches a predetermined threshold when a
normally-closed relief valve (28, 29) opens to allow water to pass from the upstream region (36) to the
outlet chamber (22) without passing through the filter (16). The valve has a coloured valve stem (28)
providing a visual indication that the valve is open and that the filter is blocked and requires cleaning.
In one embodiment, the outlet chamber (22) contains a source (19) of ultra-violet radiation to which
the flow of water is exposed, regardless of whether the valve (28,29) is in the open or closed conditio

Multi-stage treatment process for drinking water to enhance its potable qualities, is carried out within 1
an assembly having an inlet and outlet for water. A supply of drinking water is subjected to a multi-
stage treatment process which enhances its potable qualities. The process is carried out within an
assembly which has an upright housing (10) with an inlet (12) for untreated water and an outlet for
treated water. The chamber within the mantle is sub-divided into compartments (16-22) by upright
separation panels (18). Each compartment is linked to the previous and next compartment either at
base or top, forming a tubular system, with water cascading through each compartment in succession.
After flowing through the last compartment (22), the water is discharged through an outlet (14). Each
compartment (16-22) contains materials which treat the water as required e.g. active carbon, zeolite,
marble, dolomite, magnesit

Service water is filtered (11) subjected to reverse osmosis (12) and processed by filtration (18) to 1
remove substances that consume ozone. The thus purified water is deionized in an ion-exchanger
(20) and the resulting ultrapure water in the range of 0.01 - 2.00 µS/cm. The proper is supplied
through a gas-liquid separating vessel (40) to an electrolysis cell (30). Ozone-containing gas
produced on the anodic side of the cell (30) is separated from liquids in the vessel (40) and passed to
a temperature-controlled mixing vessel (50) where it is mixed with purified water from filter unit (18).
The resulting high concentration ozone water is supplied to a discharge device (26) which dilutes it
with filtered service water to the desired concentration for us

[From equivalent EP1092682A1] The assembly to purify water has a filter unit with a container (10)
for the filter material (12), such as sand, and an ultra violet (UV) disinfecting unit with a UV lamp (22)
in the water flow path. The disinfecting unit is integrated into the clean water zone of the filter
container (10). The water outlet (20) from the filter container (10) is a T-piece, with the UV lamp (22) in
the straight extension (23) of the T-piece, inserted centrally and sealed in plac

[From equivalent WO0002816] A particulate activated carbon containing particles of water insoluble 1
ash in an amount of at lest 1 % by weight as determined in accordance with ASTM 2866 is described.
The activated carbon is suitable for use in water filters. Also described is a porous ceramic filter
element (4) in which a proportion of the pores are partially occluded to give pores having an effective
size across their largest dimension which is smaller than their true size. A water purification system (1)
comprising an activated carbon filter and a porous ceramic filter (3) element (4) as described which
are connected in series so that in use water passes sequentially through the activated carbon filter
and then through the ceramic filter element have advantageous properties.
There is disclosed an improved process for removing pyrogens from a feed liquid which is water or an 1
aqueous solution containing the pyrogens, at a concentration in the range of from 0.1 to 50 ng/ml,
comprising the steps of contacting the feed side of a specified hydrophobic microporous membrane
with the feed liquid, allowing the liquid to pass through the membrane, and recovering the liquid from
the filtrate side of the membrane, these steps being terminated before the membrane becomes
saturated with pyrogens. $qThere is also disclosed an improved process for simultaneously removing
pyrogens and particulate matter from a feed liquid which is water or an aqueous solution containing
the particular matter and containing the pyrogens, at a concentration in the range of from 0.1 to 50
ng/ml, comprising the steps of contacting the feed side of a specified hydrophobic microporous
membrane with the feed liquid, allowing the liquid to pass through the membrane, and recovering the
liquid from the filtrate side of the membrane, these steps being terminated before the membrane
becomes saturated with pyrogens. $qThe membrane used in the processes of the present invention is
characterized by being made of polypropylene, being substantially skinless, and having$q (a) a
bubble point in the range of from 25 to 50 psi;$q (b) a thickness in the range of from 3 to 7 mils;$q (c)
a nitrogen flow rate of at least 0.5 litres per square centimetre-minute;$q (d) a burst strength of at
least 10 psi; and$q (e) an S value of about 15, or less.

[From equivalent WO0004977] Disclosed is a filter comprised of activated carbon fibers, wherein said 1
filter has a Virus Removal Index (hereafter "VRI") of at least about 99 %, as measured in accordance
with the test method described in the specification. The filter may comprise unbound fibers, or the
fibers may be bound with a binder to form a composite of fibers. Also disclosed is a method of
removing viruses from a liquid, the method comprising contacting the liquid with a filter comprising
activated carbon fibers wherein said filter has a VRI of at least about 99 %. Also described is an article
of manufacture comprising: (a) a filter comprising activated carbon fibers, wherein said filter has a VRI
of at least about 99 %; and (b) instructions which inform a user that the filter may be used to remove
viruses from a liquid.

[From equivalent EP1118371A1] An asymmetric membrane is formed using a mixture of two or more 1
different polymers including at least one type of polyimide. It is thereby possible to produce a gas
separation membrane with low permeation resistance (a high permeation rate) for permeate gases
passing through the porous layer of the membrane, which also maintains a practical level of
mechanical strength of the membrane and has excellent water resistance and hot water resistanc

To reuse glass used in a flat panel display, processing suitable for global environment such as 1
processing of separating a lead component must be realized. A disassembly processing method for a
flat panel display having a structure in which a face plate and rear plate mainly containing glass are
airtightly joined via a frame with frit glass is characterized by including the step of separating the face
plate and rear plate joined with the frit glass. The separation step is characterized by separating the
face plate and rear plate by cutting, dissolution, or meltin

[From equivalent EP1129757A1] The invention relates to a machine for micro-filtering solid particles 1
suspended in a liquid stream comprising: a couple of coaxial filtering discs (5, 6, 20, 21, 91, 92, 93,
94) rotating around its own axis (71) arranged horizontal and normal to direction of the flow to be
treated and at least a partially cylindrical wall (7) defining together with the rims of said couple of discs
a hydraulic sealing coupling so as to enclose the liquid treating space comprising at least the rotation
axis. Each disc of said couples of discs is provided with one or more washing ramps (14, 15) arranged
outside said treating chambers and provided with nozzles throwing water against said discs at the
portions emerging (51, 61) from the treating chamber. The washing water is collected by at least a
liquid conveyance channel (8) feeding the liquid back to the purification plant arranged upstream said
machine
A filter device for water, in particular rainwater, comprises an inlet part (2) having an outflow edge part 1
(6) which ends in an outflow edge (7), a filter housing (3), which adjoins the inlet part (2) in the region
of the outflow edge part (6), and an outlet part (4), which adjoins the filter housing (3) and has a first
outlet (14) for dirty water and a second outlet (15) for clean water. The filter housing is formed by an
outer casing (9) and a screen (10) arranged concentrically therein. The screen (10) is formed from a
sheet-like screening material which is smooth on one side and is provided with holes, the dimensions
of which are between 300 and 500 µm and increase from the smooth side towards the other side.
The smooth side of the screening material lies on the inner side of the screen (10). The shape of the
outflow edge part (6) and the location of the outflow edge are selected in such a manner that the
water flowing from the outflow part comes into contact with the screen (10) as far as possible at right
angles. A screen of this type becomes soiled less quickly and the clean water yield is hig

An ultraviolet ray lamp comprises a discharge vessel made of quartz glass, filled with a filling. A pair of
electrodes is able to generate a discharge in the discharge vessel. An optical filter made of metal
oxide, which is partly formed on the outer surface of the discharge vessel, transmits ultraviolet rays of
long wavelength and cuts off ultraviolet rays of short wavelength. Furthermore, A device for generating
ultraviolet rays comprises an ultraviolet ray lamp generating ultraviolet rays including short and long
wavelength, having a discharge vessel made of quartz glass. An enclosure accommodates the
discharge vessel, transmitting at least ultraviolet ray of short wavelength. An optical filter made of
metal oxide, which is partly formed on at least one side of the surface of the enclosure, transmits
ultraviolet rays of long wavelength and cuts off ultraviolet rays of short wavelength. An ultraviolet ray
lamp or a device for generating ultraviolet rays may be used for a sterilizer, an apparatus for treating
fluid, or an air cleane

[From equivalent WO0026144] A cleaning apparatus for a radiation source assembly (120) in a fluid
treatment system is described. The cleaning system comprises: a cleaning sleeve (145) comprising a
cleaning ring (150) for engagement with a portion of the exterior of the radiation source assembly
(120); a slidable member (155) magnetically coupled to the cleaning sleeve, the slidable member
being disposed on and slidable with respect to a rodless cylinder (140); and motive means to translate
the slidable member along the rodless cylinder whereby the cleaning whereby the cleaning sleeve is
translated over the exterior of the radiation source assembly. A radiation source module (100)
comprising the cleaning apparatus is also disclosed. The radiation source module is particularly useful
for ultraviolet radiation of wastewater while having the advantages of in situ cleaning of the radiation
source as when it becomes fouled.

N/A 1

An assembly filters raw water for use as drinking water and has an ultra-filtration membrane (12) 1
exploiting the pressure difference between the feed and retentate side (21) and the permeate side
(22), powered by a photo-voltaic assembly (23). The pressure difference is sustained by a pump (24)
which increasing the membrane (12) feed pressure (13). The membrane (12) permeate output (16)
discharges to a container (25) capturing the permeate (19). The container (25) is located
barometrically higher than the membrane separator (12). The container (25) has an outlet (27)
discharging via a valve (34) controlled tube (33) to the membrane (12) retentate outlet (14

[From equivalent EP1167297A2] Treatment of water in swimming pools involves subjecting the
recycled water to: (a) physical sterilization using type C ultraviolet radiation (for an immediate
disinfecting effect); and followed by (b) chemical treatment with a product containing a
polyhexamethylene biguanide-type disinfectant, an algaecide and a lime-scale inhibitor (for a lasting
disinfectant effect

[From equivalent EP1167300A1] A photodegradative process is described for the purificabastion of

water contaminated by ether-based compounds, especially methylterbutyl ether (MTBE) or its
analogous products, which comprises the following steps:$q$q(a) treatment of the contaminated
water with an inorganic acid up to a pH ranging from 4.0 to 4.5 with the elimination of the carbon
dioxide thus formed;$q(b) dispersion in the water of solid particles of a metal oxide of the
semiconductor type or dissolution of a stream consisting of ozone in pure oxygen or air;$q(c)
irradiation of the dispersion or solution obtained in step (b) with ultraviolet light to degrade the ether-
based contaminant
[From equivalent EP1172335A1] Process for purifying candle filters and membrane devices 1
comprises: (1) arranging a fixed catalyst directly before the filter or membrane element; and (2)
adding hydrogen peroxide to the water stream to be purified at a point before the catalyst or
membrane elemen

Method for the removal of particulate matter from aqueous suspension comprising steps 1
of$q$qestablishing value of pH and of Zeta potential of particles in the suspension;$qproviding a
porous filter having a membrane layer consisting of at least a metal-oxide with a Zeta potential at the
pH value of the suspension having same polarity of the Zeta potential as the particles in the
suspension;$qpassing the suspension through the porous filter; and withdrawing a filtrat

N/A

[From equivalent WO0075080] A process is described, for treating liquids with radiation. One process
involves passing the liquid over an ultraviolet lamp and ballast assembly which is submerged in the
liquid. Apparatus for the process has an elongate frame member which is immersed in the liquid.
Attached to the frame member and immersed in the liquid is a plurality of ultraviolet lamps and
associated ballasts.

[From equivalent EP0120983A1] A composition and method for inhibiting scale build-up in reverse 1
osmosis water purification systems. The composition is composed of low molecular weight polyacrylic
and phytic acid in a synergistic combination and significantly reduces build-up of calcium, magnesium,
and/or iron scale.

[From equivalent EP0121099A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent WO0124952] The aim of the invention is to offer a low-cost hydraulic ground water 1
sanitizing method. To this end, the invention provides that a contaminated ground water stream (4)
which flows in an aquifer area (2) is raised by a combination consisting of a sealing wall arrangement
(5) and of a highly pervious layer (7) without the provision of external energy, and is introduced into a
treatment area (11) where it is brought into contact with addition agents and is then returned to the
aquifer area (2) via an infiltration area (8).

The invention relates to a method for the sterilisation of objects. It comprises passing an aqueous 1
solution of ozone having a known ozone concentration through a flow cell, in which an object to be
sterilised is placed. Then the ozone concentration in the water that has passed the flow cell is
measured. Finally the difference between the ozone concentration of the water that has passed the
flow cell and the known ozone concentration, respectively, is used as a measure of the amount of
contaminants, e.g. bacteria and other living matter present on said object, and thereby the degree of
achieved sterilisation. The procedure is terminated when said difference in ozone concentration has
reached a predetermined valu

[From equivalent DE19952757] The filtration device (1) for liquids comprises a filtration beaker (2) 1
filled with a filtration material (4), whereby the bottom thereof (3) is provided with at least one sieve-
like outlet for a liquid, in addition to comprising a lid (5), predetermining an inner volume (Vi),
comprising at least one inlet (8) for the liquid and one air vent (10) for the removal of air and which is
connected to the filtration beaker (2) in a liquid-tight manner. A sieve-like textile fabric (12) is disposed
in between the filtration beaker (2) and the lid (5). In order to guarantee secure operation and ensure
a good retaining effect with respect to particles having a size of approximately 200 mu m at different
filtration-material fill heights in the filtration beaker, the sieve-like textile fabric (12) has at least one
formed part (13) protruding into the inner volume (Vi) of the lid (5), whereby air can be found on both
sides of the part (14) of the textile fabric (12) which is located the furthermost away from the filtration
beaker (2).
[From equivalent US6821435] The invention relates to a system for water purification comprising at 1
least two units, of which the first unit comprises at least one filter unit (1) which consists of a container
(2) containing a filter bed (3) of zeolite, and of which the second unit (4) consists of a container (5)
enclosing a UV lamp (6). The two units are connected to each other by means of a conduit (7) for
conveying water. According to the invention, the filter bed (3) consists of at least 50% by weight
natural zeolite with a pore diameter of 0.05-5 nm. The pressure in the filter bed is 1-4 bar and the UV
lamp (6) has a light intensity of 300-500 J/m<2>.

[From equivalent EP1238999A1] Porous hydrophilic membranes comprising a porous inert support 1
on which an ionomer is deposited, said membranes being characterized in that they have an ionic
conductivity and a water permeability higher than 1 l/(h.m2.Atm

[From equivalent EP0125192A1] In the treatment of the swimming pool water, the water is 1
continuously withdrawn from the pool and brought into contact with semi-permeable membranes of a
separating apparatus. The fraction of the water which has passed through the membranes is returned
to the pool.

[From equivalent EP1254698A1] The present invention provides an ozonization apparatus which is 1
not only capable of dissolving ozone in material water with high efficiency and speedily but also
enables the easy and proper control of the dissolved ozone concentration of ozone water.$qThe
present invention relates to an ozonization apparatus comprising \Aemsp;\Aemsp;\Aemsp;an ozone
gas-permeable membrane disposed to isolate material water and ozone gas from each other and
allow said ozone gas to be dissolved in said material water by permeation, said ozone gas-permeable
membrane being a nonporous hollow tube which is selectively gas-permeable and liquid-impermeabl

The present invention is for method and means for purification of water by reverse osmosis where 1
water is forced through an element (1) which comprises a membrane and is located inside a pressure
container (2) giving a permeate outflow (14) and a reject outflow (10). The incoming water (3) is
supplied at a constant volume flow and that a controlled fraction thereof as a controlled partial volume
flow (permeate) (14) is forced through the membrane. The apparatus to be used by the method may
comprise a first flow generating means (5) being a positive displacement pump, a second flow
generating means (7) being a turbine pump and third flow generating means (9) being a high flow
impeller pump. The impellers, pump wheels or corresponding parts of all of the flow generating means
(5,7,9) are mounted directly to a common shaft (11

[From equivalent EP1262461A1] Two-stage water filtration system developed to provide water supply 1
through the ordinary public plumbing service - treated water; mentioned outstanding filter provides
several advantages over ordinary filtered water, as it works under two separate functions done by two
separate chambers, conveniently connected specially for this purpose; in this filter, the water
originated from the public plumbing service is processed twice, that is, in the first chamber (2) the
physical processing is operated by a filtering component made out of polyethylene (PE), sintherized
(4), with the purpose of eliminating bacterium, iron residues (rust), nitrate and pesticides; while in the
second chamber (3) is placed a filter made out of activated coal in block (carbon block) (5) that
provides absorption of chlorine, some metals like lead, colors, smell and flavo

Water purifier includes a container having a room, a filtering material disposed in the room for 1
purifying water for catching particles and fungi such as polio viruses. The filtering material is a
sintered activated carbon block filter having pores. The filtering material preferably has a first filtering
material and a second filtering material. One thing out of the first filtering material and the second
filtering material is formed of a sintered activated carbon block filter whose average pore diameter is
relatively small and whose amount of penetrating water is relatively small per unit time. Another thing
out of the first filtering material and the second filtering material is formed of a sintered activated
carbon block filter whose average pore diameter is relatively large and whose amount of penetrating
water is relatively large per unit tim
[From equivalent WO0185644] The invention relates to a ceramic material, comprising SiO2 and 1
Na2O and/or K2O. Said material is characterized by a porosity of over 60 % and by pores, more than
70 % of which have a pore size ranging between 0.1 and 15 mu m. The ceramic material can be used
as filtering material, for water storage and as adsorbent material.

[From equivalent EP0131119A1] A method for softening a fluid containing hardness constituents, 1
comprising the steps: (a) mixing the fluid with sufficient amounts of a softening agent, and previously
precipitated hardness constituents in a reactor to establish a softening reaction in the reactor for
precipitating a substantial portion of the hardness constituents contained in the fluid; (b) removing a
portion of the fluid and precipitated hardness constituents from the reactor as a slurry and filtering the
slurry through a cross-flow microfiltration module containing at least one elongated filtration tube,
whereby substantially all of the precipitated hardness constituents are removed from the portion of the
fluid exiting from the module as filtrate; and (c) returning at least a portion of the filtered out
precipitated hardness constituents exiting from the module to the reactor as the previously
precipitated hardness constituents. $qAlso disclosed is an apparatus for softening a fluid containing
hardness constituents, comprising; (a) a reactor for mixing the fluid with sufficient amounts of a
softening agent and previously precipitated hardness constituents to establish a softening reaction in
the reactor for precipitating a substantial portion of the hardness constituents contained in the fluid;
(b) means for removing a portion of the fluid and precipitated hardness constituents from the reactor
as a slurry; (c) a cross-flow microfiltration module containing at least one elongated filtration tube for
filtering the slurry to remove substantially all of the precipitated hardness constituents from the portion
of the fluid exiting from the module as filtrate; and (d) means for returning at least a portion of the
filtered out precipitated hardness constituents exiting from the module to the reactor as the previously
precipitated hardness constituents.

[From equivalent EP1312408A3] A method of cleaning a membrane contaminated with a contaminant 1

including the step of contacting said contaminant with a composition including at least one soluble
sulfite reducing agent and a compatible solven

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing high- 1
function water containing ultra-fine active carbon particles, and which can be used for bioactivity
improvement purposes. The method and apparatus given by the present invention facilitates the
production of dispersed active carbon water in which ultra-fine active carbon particles are dispersed,
by dispersing active carbon powder in high-pressure water and then combusting a gaseous mixture of
oxygen and hydrogen in the high-pressure water to melt the active carbon powder using the resultant
combustion ga

A periodic ozone treatment system for a showering tower type water cooling system worked once 1
daily for a period of 10\Asim;30 minutes essentially comprises:$q$qan ozone dissolving tank (50) to
prepare high density ozone solution therein and periodically fed to the cooling system from a top of
the showering tower automatically;$qa bypass piping (44) connected from a heated water recycling
pipe after a heat exchanging in a main functional heat exchanger (40) to a sand filter (34) to shift
recycling water for washing the sand in the filter by a reverse osmosis operation during the period
while the ozone treatment system is working; and$qan ozone decomposition reactor (38) disposed at
a front of heat exchanger (40) free from corrosio
In a method of desalinating water, especially sea water, a plurality of membrane module units (3,9) 1
are disposed at respective successive stages. Permeated water (6) from a first stage membrane
module unit (3) is supplied to a second stage membrane module unit (9) to obtain permeated water
(11). The method comprises: a step for processing feed water (1) in which at least a proportion of feed
water is treated with the first stage membrane module unit (3) and optionally mixed with additional
feed water to obtain processed water (8) having a total salt concentration thereof to 65 to 90% of that
of the feed water and a calcium ion concentration thereof to 70% or less thereof; and a subsequent
step for supplying the processed water (8) obtained in the first step to the second stage membrane
module unit (9), thereby obtaining the desalinated water.$qAn apparatus for carrying out the above
method comprises at least first and second membrane module units (3,9) at respective successive
first and second stages for water permeation,$q$qas a said first membrane unit (3) at the first stage, a
nanofiltration membrane module unit having a membrane module and an outlet channel for water
permeated thereby,$qas a said second membrane unit (9) at the second stage, a reverse osmosis
membrane module unit disposed in the outlet channel of the nanofiltration membrane module unit (3),
for permeated water; and$qmeans (5) for diverting a proportion of feed water supplied to the
nanofiltration membrane module unit (3) directed to the said outlet channel thereof so as to bypass
the membrane module thereo

[From equivalent WO0242223] The invention concerns an installation for treating pre-coagulated 1
water comprising, in succession: at least a flocculation zone (1, 6) provided with means supplying
coagulated water (2), means supplying at least a flocculant reagent (3), means supplying at least a
granular material denser than water (4) and stirring means (5, 7); and at least a clarification chamber
(8) provided with a sludge recuperating and evacuating zone (9), means for evacuating (10) clarified
water and overflow means (19) for evacuating the supernatant. The invention is characterised in that
the clarification chamber (8) is provided with at least a sieve or at least a filtering membrane (11).

The device comprises a treatment vessel (11) of flexible material, in which a stirrer is immersed, the 1
vessel being provided at its base with a valve (14) for removing the precipitate and half-way up its
height with a valve (15) for removing the treated supernatant, the latter valve being connected to
storage vessels (21) via a manual pump (17) and filters (18 and 19). $qThe treatment vessel is
suspended removably in a frame whose components can be easily assembled and dismantled and
which carries the components producing the stirring and their drive mechanism, and the various
pieces of apparatus.

[From equivalent EP0138060A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent EP1382578A1] A method for the filtration of feed water with a filtering unit, wherein 1
by means of a pump unit, comprising a drive and a pump provided with a pump housing, a water inlet
opening and a water outlet opening, feed water is fed through the water inlet opening to the pump and
is fed through the pump's water outlet opening to the filter unit and filtered, which method is
characterised in that feed water is fed to the exterior of the pump for the purpose of cooling the pump.
$qThe invention further relates to a device for the purification of water, comprising cooling provisions
for cooling the pump unit, and which cooling provisions are suitable for using feed water to externally
cool at least a portion of the pump uni

N/A 1
Device for removing a solvent from a solution comprises a supported container containing a 1
membrane filter unit (6), preferably a reverse osmosis unit, a filter unit (7) and a conveying unit. A
measuring unit (20) is arranged in the container between the membrane filter unit and the filter unit
and/or in the flow direction of the solvent through a pipeline system in the container after the filter unit.
The measuring unit is connected to a display and/or a control unit (21, 22). An Independent claim is
also included for a process for removing a solvent from a solution using the above devic

[From equivalent EP1428564A1] The object of the invention is a water treatment apparatus that 1
comprises one or more containers (2, 21) equipped with gas space, which have one or more water
treatment units (3, 4, 8, 13). To the container (2, 21) of the water treatment apparatus defined by the
invention has been attached an ejector (24) into which can be conducted gas (G) and water (W), and
from which ejector (24) the gas-water mixture (G-W) can be conducted essentially below the water
treatment unit (3, 4, 8, 13) by means of a connecting device (23), for washing the water treatment unit
(3, 4, 8, 13) and/or the container (2, 21

[From equivalent EP1437329A3] A water treatment apparatus in which the various components that 1
constitute the apparatus (prefilters (2,3), osmotic membrane filters (6,7,8), pump, et cetera) are
contained in an enclosure. The enclosure includes a body provided with compartments that
accommodate the components of the apparatus and at least one cap (12,13,14,15) provided internally
with channels for conveying the water in output from one compartment to the next. In this manner, the
components of the apparatus are mutually connected without the need to use pipin

[From equivalent EP1440941A1] A water treatment unit (1) for a drinks dispenser has a flow passage
(8) and a UV light source (3) arranged to irradiate water flowing through the flow passage (8) to
control levels of bacteria in the water at the point of dispense. The flow passage (8) and light source
(3) are located in a housing (9) that reflects the UV radiation towards the flow passage (8) and
absorbs heat emitted by the light source (3). An air inlet (17) at the inlet end of the flow passage (8)
allows water to drain from the flow passage (8) between dispenses and a cover (18) at the outlet end
of the flow passage (8) prevents contamination of the flow passage (8) by human contac

[From equivalent EP0145305A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent WO03050045] An apparatus for presenting and dispensing mineral water suitable 1
for consumption, characterized in that the apparatus is arranged to generate the mineral water from
mains water and is provided with a mains water inlet (2), water processing means for obtaining the
mineral water from the mains water, at least an outlet for dispensing the mineral water and a first fluid
connection (6) between the inlet and the water processing means for supplying the mains water to be
processed to the water processing means, the water processing means being provided with a first
storage vessel (4) which, in use, is filled with the mineral water, at least a second storage vessel (16)
which, in use, is filled with minerals, at least a dosing unit for dispensing, in a dosed manner, minerals
from the second storage vessel (16) to the first storage vessel (4), at least a cooling unit (20); for
cooling the first storage vessel (4), at least a third storage vessel (34) which, in use, is also filled with
the mineral water, a second fluid connection between the first storage vessel (4) and the third storage
(34) vessel for conveying mineral water from the first storage vessel (4) to the third storage vessel
(34) and at least a first recirculation system (44) for discharging mineral water from the third storage
vessel (34) and for then supplying the discharged mineral water to the third storage vessel (34) again,
the outlet being arranged to dispense the mineral water from the third storage vessel (34) and/or the
first storage vessel (4).
[From equivalent EP1484097A1] A method of determination of the conditions of exhaustion of a 1
filtering cartridge for filtering carafes (1) with replaceable cartridges (8) is described, in which an initial
identification of impedance of the water to be filtered is provided for in order to consequently calculate
an important parameter for definition of the efficient lifespan on the filtering cartridge (8). Furthermore
a carafe operating in compliance with such method is also describe

A filter integrated into the landscape has one or more layers including profiles for purifying 1
contaminated surface water and is made from specified materials, while having specified
characteristics. - A filter integrated into the landscape has one or more layers including profiles for
purifying contaminated surface water and: - (a) is made from the following materials : sand-like loam
to loam-like sand (excavated soil, soil from boring or waste minerals); humus waste; green cuttings
(e.g. from trees or grass); bark; wood (including scrap); pulp or lignin waste; sawdust or wood
shavings; agricultural crop or other waste; communal sludge; crushed stone; mineral washings or
gravel; river or pond sludge; mineral or coal dust; or clay (including crude or processed bentonite or
zeolites) optionally with additives comprising gypsum, chalk, dolomite, magnesite, magnesium sulfate
monohydrate, Epsom salts, crude phosphate, potassium sulfate or polyacrylamide; and - (b) has the
following characteristics : coarse pores (above 10 mu ) = 20-35 volume %; medium pores (10-0.2
mu ) = 13-27 volume %; fine pores (below 0.2 mu ) = 8-15 volume %; colloidal flocculation in aqueous
suspensions at the longest 3 (sic); Kh value (cohesion number) per zone = 30-85; clay content = 3-30;
pH (KCl or CaCl2) = 6.8- 8.5; cation exchange capacity = above 30 (LiCl method), above 100 (BaCl2)
and above 75 (CaCl2), each per kg dry weight; water-soluble ion maximum concentrations (mg/kg dry
weight) Al = 0.71, As = 0.02, Na = 71, Cl = 71, PO4 = 0.5, Fe = 10, Mn = 0.53, CN = 0.02, F = 0.53,
NO2 = 0.35, NO3 = 18, Co =1.0, Pb = 0.033, Cd =0.003, Cr = 0.03, Cu = 0.06, Ni = 0.03, Hg = 0.001,
Zn =1.8, B = 0.6, CN (sic) = 0.05, NH4 = 0.33, SO4 = 250, V = 0.06, Ti = 0.01, Se = 0.15 and Mo =
0.018; water-soluble carbon on filtering = below 250 mg/kg dry weight; exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, Na,
NH4, Al and H ions as a percentage of cation-exchange capacity : Layer A Ca 65-90, Mg 10-20, K 1.5-
6 and Na 0-4, B and C layers Ca 70-95, Mg 5-20, K 0.2-6 and Na 0-3; chalk content = 5-80% on dry
weight; humus content for filter earth : layer A 3-18% and layers B and C up to 5%; C/N ratio = 9-16;
and pore gas composition CO2 : O2 : CH4 = (1-5) : (10-20) : (below 0.5) in layer A and (2-18) : (below
0.5) : (below 1) in layers B and C (water content at ca. 2 bar capillary pressure

A compact water filter is described in which three filters are contained within a single container. The 1
first filter in the sequence is a pre-filter designed to remove large particles from the flow stream, the
second an activated carbon filter and the third a ceramic filter preferably containing silver or other
bacteriostatic agent. The three filters are assembled within a cylindrical container which is sealed to
the filter assembly at each end of its ends, so that a substantially uniform inward flow pattern is
established, and so that the relative volumes of the carbon and ceramic materials are appropriate for
their functions.

[From equivalent WO2004007374] The invention relates to a filter appliance (1) comprising a dilution 1
device, wherein the diluted portion remains largely constant when the entire volume flow is modified.
Said filter device is characterised in that the flow characteristic - defined by the pressure loss function
Delta pB(VB) - of the constituents of the dilution line B is adapted to the flow characteristic defined by
the pressure loss function Delta pA(VA) - of the constituents of the filter line A, in such a way that the
dilution condition (I) holds good for at least one diluted portion X where X = VB/VA+VB for volume
flows between V1 = 10 l/h and V2 = 120 l/h (first volume flow range) for at least one second volume
flow range of at least 5 l/h inside the first volume flow range, DeltaPA(VA) designating the pressure
drop over the dilution line B according to the respective volume flows VA, VB in [l/min] of the water in
lines A and B.
[From equivalent EP0155645A3] SDO 1

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for cleaning water with the aid of a filter 1
combination. The combination consists of a particles filter (1) and a moving bed filter (6). According to
the invention, the particles filter (1) is placed on top of the moving bed filter (6), so that water
originating from the particles filter (1) will provide for the movement of the moving bed filter (6).

Water purification apparatus has a treatment unit (31) containing a parabolic treatment chamber (33). 1
This is fitted with tangential inlets (40) and a central outlet (41), up which the treated water flows. A
filter (32) is mounted downstream from the unit. - Independent claims are included for: - (A) a system
for removing dirty water or sediment from a fruit washing or sorting machine with a suction pipe which
is connected to a water purification apparatus as described; - (B) a water disposal system for a fruit
washing or sorting machine comprising a suction system and a purification unit as described; and -
(C) a method for purifying water from a fruit washing or sorting machine with channels though which
the fruit flows in which dirty water or sediment is sucked from the channels while the machine operate

An electrodeionization apparatus and a method for operating the apparatus are provided. With this, 1
concentration diffusion of boron from a concentrating chamber can be suppressed to obtain product
water having a very low boron concentration. Raw water in introduced into a desalting chamber 16,
and product water is discharged from the desalting chamber 16. A part of the product water is
introduced into a concentrating chamber 15 in a single pass in the direction opposite to the flow in the
desalting chamber 16. Water discharged from the concentrating chamber 15 is drained out of a
system. An inlet of the concentrating chamber 15 is provided at a side of an outlet for discharging
product water from the desalting chamber 16, and an outlet of the concentrating chamber 15 is
provided at a side of an inlet for introducing raw water into the desalting chamber 16. Concentrated
water discharged from the concentrating chamber has a boron concentration of 500 times or less than
that of the product water or of 10 ppb or less.

The unit, consisting of a cylindrical housing (2) containing a chemical treatment cartridge (9) for water 1
entering through an inlet (4) and circulating through an annular cavity (16) between the housing and
cartridge before passing through the latter to be treated by the chemicals (10) inside it, includes a
second cartridge (13) that surrounds the first to filter sediments. The filter cartridge surrounds the
chemical treatment one to form a second annular cavity (15). The first cavity receives the incoming
water, while the second delivers filtered water to the chemical treatment cartridge. The two cartridges
are installed with seals (14) between the two cavities, and the filtered water enters the chemical
treatment cartridge through radial holes (12) at its end furthest from the inlet, passing out through a
sieve (17) at the top that retains the limescale and corrosion-inhibiting chemical

The water treatment chamber (8) inside a first housing (10) may contain an ion-exchange material to 1
soften the water. The first housing fits onto a lower housing (2) with an entrance (3) connected to a
tap fitting and channels (7,4) leading to the chamber. The water flows up past one side of the central
barrier, down the other side and passes through channels (5,9) to an outlet channel (6) immediately
under the inlet channe
An optimal seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination process is disclosed, which combines two 1
or more substantially different water pretreatment processes in a unique manner and in a special
configuration, hereto unknown to prior desalination arts, to produce a high yield of high quality fresh
water, including potable water. In this process a two stage NF membrane pretreatment unit (NF2) with
an energy recovery turbo charger (TC) device in between the stages is synergistically combined with
at least one of two stage SWRO (SWRO2) desalination unit with an energy recovery TC in between
the stages to form a dual hybrid of NF2 - SWRO2 or alternatively the two stage NF2 unit is
synergistically combined with one stage SWRO unit utilizing high pressure tolerance SWRO
membranes (up to 85 bar) with an energy recovery turbocharger in between the membranes
assembly and high pressure pump or pressure exchanger (PX) energy recovery system. In a third
arrangement the two stage NF unit is synergetically combined with one stage SWRO unit and with
part of the SWRO reject recycles part of the SWRO reject as feed to the NF units. The SWRO unit
itself is equipped with energy recovery TC or PX system which not only allows for lowering of energy
consumption, but also the delivery of recycled SWRO reject, and blending it with seawater feed to the
NF unit. In term of energy saving, the use of PX energy recovery system is much superior to that of
TC by about 20 to 29%

[From equivalent EP0161467A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent WO2004092077] The invention relates to a method for treating flowable media, by 1
means of which impurities are removed from the respective medium. Also disclosed is a device that is
suitable for carrying out said method. The aim of the invention is to provide a solution which allows
efficient filtering while making it possible to effectively and easily rinse the filter by switching to a
backwashing mode. Said aim is achieved by the fact that the medium that is to be treated flows
through at least one inclined filter reactor (6, 6') in order for particulate impurities to be removed, the
filter (7, 7') of said at least one filter reactor (6, 6') being cleaned in a cyclic or acyclic manner by
means of a backwashing operation that runs counter to the direction of flow during filtering. The
medium penetrates the filter reactor (6, 6') from the bottom to the top during filtering while the rinsing
medium is directed through the filter reactor (6, 6') from the top to the bottom in order to clean the filter
(7, 7'). A granular filtering material which has a smaller density than the medium that is to be treated
and forms a layered structure in the top area of the filter reactor (6, 6') during filtering is used as a
filter (7, 7').

One-compartment filtration unit for a swimming pool, which comprises (i)wall means (A) for delimiting
a filtration compartment (J) in said filtration unit, (ii)a first opening (D) in said wall means for receiving
pool water from the swimming pool into said filtration compartment for filtering said pool water, said
first opening being a skimmer, (iii)a second opening (B) in said wall means for releasing filtered water
into the swimming pool, (iv)an occludable third opening (K) in said wall means for receiving pool water
by by-passing said filtration element;

[From equivalent EP0163900A3] SDO 1

The means (5) changes the flow without the use of permeate (3) with regard to the partially reduced 1
or completely stopped flow of other block (4). The means additionally uses pressure- or sound
treatment. The block consists of micro- or ultra-filtering membranes. Independent claims are also
included for: (1) a means, useful in the above device, comprising valves that are steered by
pneumatic-, electrical- or electronic- helm and controller; and (2) a water or wastewater treatment
procedure comprising the use of the above device or the mean
The machine is designed to maintain the hygienic chemical and organolettical characteristics of
purified sea water with the scope of avoiding the formation of toxic and mutagens by-products

Processor for purifying potable water from a spring or mains supply"" of the type designed to process
water of variable composition to re-establish it with a stable and controlled mineral composition,
characterised essentially because water from various origins, such as a spring or the mains itself,
passes first through a filter (1) for particles of average calibre, then passing if necessary through a unit
to remove disinfecting chlorine (2), then passing through a calcium removal unit (3), then being led
through conduits to a double membrane reverse osmosis unit (12) and then to a total filter unit (14)
from which it is obtained finally highly demineralised and purified. Next the water is directed to a
mineralizing unit (16) capable of adding to it certain quantities of chlorides and/or sodium sulphates,
calcium sulphate or other similar compounds, in order to mineralize this water under contro

A water conditioning filter has an upper water-charging container and a lower pure water storage 1
chamber. A filter cartridge (1) has a down-comer feed pipe (9) for raw water which is attached to the
feed outlet nozzle (15) of the cover lid (5) of the cartridge housing (4).Pure water is discharged by
overflow or syphon action from the top of the lower chamber via second downcomer (10

[From equivalent EP1760046A1] The water purification equipment comprises a housing (1), a fine 1
filter (12) arranged downstream to a coarse strainer (8) and also within the housing, a pump for
transporting the water towards a discharge port of the housing. The housing exhibits an inlet port (2),
which is arranged in a slanting position and partly closed by a mobile closing element (3). The fine
filter is arranged upstream to the pump. The fine filter is removed from its functional position in the
housing. The water purification equipment comprises a housing (1), a fine filter (12) arranged
downstream to a coarse strainer (8) and also within the housing, a pump for transporting the water
towards a discharge port of the housing. The housing exhibits an inlet port (2), which is arranged in a
slanting position and partly closed by a mobile closing element (3). The fine filter is arranged
upstream to the pump. The fine filter is removed from its functional position in the housing. The fine
filter exhibits inflow and outflow channels, which runs transverse to the inflow channel and separated
from it by fine filter material. An end of the outflow channel leads to a pump region (16) of the housing.
The fine filter exhibits adjacently-lying layers of fine filter material, whose each one-sided profile forms
flow channels with the adjacent layer. The fine filter material exhibits regions of different pore sizes.
The coarse strainer is removable from its functional position in the housing and exhibits a hand grip
(9). A collecting region is used for the uptake of sedimented material in the equipment. A bottom
region of the housing forms the collecting region. The collecting region is flow-free during normal
operation of the equipment. A purification device is used for cleaning the collecting region and exhibits
a line leading out of the filtration cycle. The purification device exhibits a pressure water supply line, a
pump for the evacuation of the sedimented material and an ejector arranged within the collecting
region. Ultraviolet C filter device (18) is arranged downstream to the pump and in the housing. The
exit port of the filter device is directly flanged to the discharge opening of the housing and also directly
to the pump. The pump and the filter device are arranged in a region of the housing spatially
separated from the coarse strainer and the fine filter. The housing exhibits a foil-sealing flange for the
attachment of the equipment at the edge of the pond. The inlet port and the discharge port of the
equipment are arranged in a common framework or foil-sealing flange of the housing. A lid for closing
the housing opening, is reversibly and sealably placed above the housing for the formation of a
vegetation receptacl

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for filtering solids-containing water 1
suspensions. According to such a method an water suspension is directed into a first ceramic
crossflow filter, in which solid material is separated from the water phase of the water suspension for
producing a solids-free filtrate during the filtering stage and the filter is regenerated in a washing stage
by removing the solid material accumulated on the ceramic filtering material. According to the
invention at least a portion of the water suspension is directed into at least one second crossflow filter
being used in parallel with the first filter for filtering the water suspension. By means of the invention it
is possible to filter high-consistency process waters continuously and delaylessly for up to several
weeks
[From equivalent WO2006066319] A method of cleaning permeable, hollow membranes (6) in an 1
arrangement of the type wherein a pressure differential is applied across the walls (15) of the
permeable, hollow membranes (6) immersed in a liquid suspension, the liquid suspension being
applied to the outer surface of the porous hollow membranes (6) to induce and sustain filtration
through the membrane walls (15) wherein some of the liquid suspension passes through the walls
(15) of the membranes (6) to be drawn off as clarified liquid or permeate from the hollow membrane
lumens (7), and at least some of the solids are retained on or in the hollow membranes (6) or
otherwise as suspended solids within the liquid surrounding the membranes (6). The method of
cleaning comprises the steps of applying a cleaning solution (14) to one side of the membrane wall
(15); applying a pressure differential across the membrane wall (15) to cause flow of the cleaning
solution (14) through the wall (15) from the one side of the membrane wall (15) to the other side of the
membrane wall (15) and applying a reverse pressure differential across the membrane wall (15) to
cause flow of the cleaning solution (14) through the wall (15) from the other side of the membrane
wall (15) back to the one side of the membrane wall (15). A method of determining the amount of
chemical cleaning solution required is also disclosed

[From equivalent US4664793] A pure water manufacturing apparatus for producing ultra pure water 1
to be used in the electronic and medical industries. This apparatus comprises a pure water circulation
system consisting of a pure water storage tank, a first heat exchanger arranged at the downstream
side of the tank for thermally sterilizing pure water, a filter arranged at the downstream side of the first
heat exchanger for removing dead bacteria, a pure water circulating means, and a second heat
exchanger for cooling pure water disposed between the filter and a terminal device at which pure
water is required. The ultrapure water is supplied to the terminal device from the downstream side of
the filter through the second heat exchanger.

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination system which comprises a filter apparatus, a 1
sonic energy treatment apparatus, and a desalination apparatus. After being coarse-filtered and fine-
filtered, the seawater enters the sonic energy treatment apparatus. After being treated by the sonic
energy treatment apparatus, the seawater is stored in a water storage tank and then pumped into a
reverse osmosis membrane. After osmosis, the water becomes freshwater and stored in a freshwater
tank. The reverse osmosis membrane can be replaced by a distillatory. The present invention has the
advantages of a simple structure of the seawater desalination apparatus, less investment, low cost,
and stable performance. The seawater is not only desalinated, but also chain-shortened into water of
small molecular clusters, which is easily absorbed and utilized by human body

A hollow lenticular filter (D, D') of very pure quartz, within which a liquid which carries away the heat
irradiated by the lamp, which has the property of high permeability to UV and which maintains this
property over time, such as for example distilled or otherwise purified water, is circulated continuously
and over the shortest route, is located between the source (L) emitting the UV rays and the substrate
(S) being irradiated. A further filter (20) manufactured using an interferometry technique through
vacuum plasma deposition of suitable materials in ultrathin layers on the external surface of the
quartz filter may be provided on the said surface of the lenticular filter facing the substrate (S) being
irradiated, it being provided that this additional filter has transparency characteristics which differ with
the frequencies involved so as to be highly permeable to UV radiation and instead reflect towards the
cooling liquid a considerable part of the residual infrared radiation which would otherwise escape from
the said cooling liquid

A water purification system by means of a photocatalytic process comprising: a tank (3) containing
polluted water, a water purifying device (2) and a channelling system (4) to transport the polluted
water from the tank (3) to the purification device (2), the purification device (2) also comprises: a
container (20) containing said water and a plurality of photocatalytic elements (26), realized by a
matrix (260) containing basic substances and including photocatalytic particles (261) and a plurality of
ultraviolet lamps (24) suitable to illuminate the photocatalytic elements (26)
The invention relates to an apparatus and to a method for rinsing off liquid from work pieces which 1
have been treated in a treatment bath, the apparatus comprising: at least one rinsing device (200); at
least one filtration unit (300); at least one first fluid connection device (800) between the at least one
rinsing device (200) and the at least one filtration unit (300) for transferring a rinse liquid from the at
least one rinsing device (200) to the at least one filtration unit (300); and at least one second fluid
connection device (700) between the at least one filtration unit (300) and the at least one rinsing
device (200) for transferring a permeate liquid from the at least one filtration unit (300) to the at least
one rinsing device (200); wherein the device further comprises: at least one third fluid connection
device (900) between the at least one filtration unit (300) and the treatment bath for transferring a
concentrate liquid from the at least one filtration unit (300) to the treatment bath

[From equivalent WO2007004987] A water treatment process comprising: (a) providing bioactive 1
material in waste water, the bioactive material containing microorganisms capable of removing one or
more impurities from the waste water, wherein at least 40% by volume of said bioactive material in
said waste water is in granular form; and (b) passing a portion of the waste water through a
membrane separator, whereby the membrane separator prevents the bioactive material from passing
therethrough.

The device for the treatment of water using reverse osmosis principle for the provision of hemodialysis 1
devices, comprises a reverse osmosis filter (11), a reverse osmosis-membrane (12), which is divided
into a primary chamber and a secondary chamber, a circulation pump for supporting the perfusion of
the primary chamber, and a pump (10), which supplies water to be treated to an inlet (14) of the
primary chamber. A flow resistance applicable for the pressure generation in the primary chamber is
inserted into a discharge pipe (15). The device for the treatment of water using reverse osmosis
principle for the provision of hemodialysis devices, comprises a reverse osmosis filter (11), a reverse
osmosis-membrane (12), which is divided into a primary chamber and a secondary chamber, and a
pump (10), which supplies water to be treated to an inlet (14) of the primary chamber. A flow
resistance applicable for the pressure generation in the primary chamber is inserted into a discharge
pipe (15). A circulation pump for supporting the perfusion of the primary chamber is connected
between the inlet and the outlet of the primary chamber. The pump and the circulating pump are
mechanically coupled and have a common drive. A turbine is inserted into the concentrate-discharge
pipe and is used for the drive of the circulation pum

[From equivalent EP1935471A3] A device for treating and filtering water, of the type which comprises 1
at least two cups (11) for containing a filtration cartridge (12, 13), each cup (11) being fixed reversibly
to a corresponding head (14a, 14b) for the intake and discharge of the water from the cup (11), each
head (14a, 14b) having a first water intake port (15a, 15b) which is open onto an annular duct (16)
which allows the water to descend into the cup (11), outside the filtration cartridge (12, 13), and a
second discharge port (17a, 17b), which the water reaches by means of a central riser opening (18),
after passing radially through the cartridge (12, 13) towards its interior; below the body of each head
(14a, 14b) there is an annular portion (19) which is internally threaded complementarily for a
corresponding thread (20) provided around the mouth of the corresponding cartridge supporting cup
(11). The heads (14a, 14b) are provided as a single body (21), with the discharge port (17a) of a first
head (14a) which is extended without discontinuity into the intake port (15b) of the following head
(14b), the intake port (15a) of the first head (14a) and the discharge port (17b) of the last head (14b)
being preset with connecting means for unions with corresponding pipes respectively for introducing
water and discharging water from the device (10)

[From equivalent DE102005061302] An arrangement for producing paper from e.g. old paper, 1
comprises a treatment unit (100) connected to a paper machine (200). The treatment unit has one or
more stages supplied with process water. Each process water treatment unit has a cleansing and/or
material recovery unit, and at least one treatment unit has an anaerobic reactor with micro-organisms,
as well as a scale elimination unit. At least one of the treatment units has a particle separation section
for eliminating colloidal, colloidaly dissolved and particulate material, as well as a desalination unit.
The scale elimination unit is in the form of a flotation plant.
The filter device (1) has a housing (2) whose interior has a lower chamber (3) and an upper chamber 1
(4), a feed for dirty water (18) in the lower chamber, an outlet for cleaned water in the upper chamber
and at least one filter unit (21) between the upper and lower chambers that also forms a dividing wall
between the chambers through which water can pass. The filter unit consists of several adjacent filter
elements (14a, 14b

N/A 1

N/A 1

[From equivalent EP1882677] The plant for purification of wastewater without emergence of sewage 1
sludge, at which a separation of coarse and/or solid material takes place using a coarse material
decomposition filter, which consists of a duct, comprises a wastewater supplying device,
decomposition container having a filter layer, a drain device for the cleaned water, and device for
execution of anaerobic fermentation (2) in combination with a sedimentation plant (3). The plant has
an addition device for organic carbon carriers. The plant for purification of wastewater without
emergence of sewage sludge, at which a separation of coarse and/or solid material takes place using
a coarse material decomposition filter, which consists of a duct, comprises a wastewater supplying
device, decomposition container having a filter layer, a drain device for the cleaned water, and a
device for execution of anaerobic fermentation (2) in combination with a sedimentation plant (3). The
plant has an additional device for organic carbon carriers. The sedimentation plant consists of a slurry
tank and/or a slurry pool and/or a Dortmund well and/or multi-chamber pits.

[From equivalent EP0205045A1] 1. Method for water desalination, consisting of a preliminary 1

purification stage and a desalination stage according to the principle of reverse osmosis with a pre-
connected safety filter, in which the preliminary purification stage contains an open settling filter with
vertical, frame-shaped filter elements and with a pressure equalisation chamber, in which a low
pressure pump can maintain a continuous and constant low pressure, and the desalination stage
before the high pressure pump contains a safety filter characterised in that the low pressure pump (4)
maintains by way of the safety filter (10) and a pressure and/or rate control unit (24) a constant pre-
pressure before the high pressure pump (16) of the reserve osmosis (21) and after the low pressure
pump (4) there is a pressure and/or rate control unit (7), which continuously assures a constant
filtration speed in the settling filter (1, 2, 3).

[From equivalent WO2008030185] An apparatus and a method of rejuvenating capillary filters (2) 1
using both gas agitation of the liquid about the surface of capillary filters (2) and backflushing the
capillary filters (2) is disclosed. The gas agitation loosens residue on the surface of the capillary filters
(2) and the backflush further loosens residue in an inside-out direction through the walls of capillary
filters (2). The agitation of the liquid aids in dispersion, suspensions and transportation of the releases
residue form the capillary filters (2).

[PROBLEMS] To use in a carbon dioxide separation part a gas-permeable membrane capable of

maintaining high-speed determination and to diminish the influence of interfering ingredient

The present invention relates to a sorbent material for removing substances from an aqueous liquid 1
comprising a nanostructured sorption material captured in a porous polymer matrix, wherein the pores
in said matrix are of a size that allows the entry into said matrix of substances sought to be removed
from said liquid while preventing the escape of said nanostructured sorption material or preventing the
entry into said matrix of substances not sought to be removed from said liqui
A tubular membrane separator used for ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis. A tubular separating element 1
(1) is inserted into a porous pressure resistant tube (2). The tube (2) thus inserted is also inserted into
a liquid collecting tube (3) of large diameter. This tube (3) is detachably connected via a joint (4) to a
connecting tube (6) so that the element (1) is interposed between the inner surface of the joint (4) and
the end of the tube (6) at the end thereof to provide a tight seal. The element (1) is interchangeable,
and the respective components can be disassembled for cleaning.

[From equivalent EP0208498A1] A permeate which is extracted from both ends of a hollow fiber 1
bundle (10) and discharged at one end only of a permeator. $qA fluid feedstock such as salt water is
introduced under pressure through the first port (20). $qIt flows through adaptor (dual passage
connector) (32) and the perforations in first tube (62) and radially through the bundle (10). The
permeate (fresh water) enters hollow fibers (12) by reverse osmosis and flows through the open ends
of the fibers to porous blocks (42, 48). The permeate from block (42) flows through adaptor (32),
imperforate tube (64) and bushing (54) to the third port (24). The permeate from block (48) flows
directly to port (24). The rejected brine flows through screen (60) and the open spaces between
shroud (36) and shell (14) to the second port (22).

The ultrafiltration process comprises supplying a raw water such as surface, spring/well water to an 1
ultrafiltration membrane under maintenance of a flow by membrane pores, which has free pore
diameter of 0.005-0.04 mu m, and adding a filtration additive e.g. marker particles to the raw water to
continuously release the adhering impurities on the membrane surface. The marker particle is added
for simultaneous monitoring the membrane on pore defects, whose diameter is larger than the pore
diameter of the membrane pores. A detector for the marker particle is present in pure water flow. The
ultrafiltration process comprises supplying a raw water such as surface, spring/well water to an
ultrafiltration membrane under maintenance of a flow by membrane pores, and adding a filtration
additive e.g. marker particles to the raw water to continuously release the adhering impurities on the
membrane surface. The free pore diameter of the membrane pores is 0.005-0.04 mu m. The marker
particle is added for simultaneous monitoring the membrane on pore defects, whose diameter is
larger than the pore diameter of the membrane pores. A detector for the marker particle is present in
pure water flow and produces a signal during a passage of marker particles. The marker particles are
added: for the discontinuous or permanent monitoring of a perfect function mode of the membrane;
and after each washing procedure or back washing process by a dosing pump, and then remain in the
trouble-free operation in the raw water region of the membrane. The marker particles: are disposed
together with all ingredients e.g. bacteria, viruses, spores or macromolecular particles via the waste
water connection of the plant; comprise a smooth or structured surface; are not fluorescent, suitable
for foodstuffs and insoluble in water; are surface-treated and/or hydrophobic; and have uniform
diameters and a particle size of 0.03-0.15 mu m. The pore diameter of the membrane pores has
uniform size. A disconnection takes place due to the signal produced by the detector and/or an
interference signal is delivere

A water filter device for domestic use, comprising a supply line of water to be filtered, at least a filter 1
means, a line for collection of the filtered water and a discharge line of water to be discharged, in
which the elements are associated to a portable pack which further comprises a container tank for
water to be purified and a pump which removes water from the container tank in order to supply the
water filter devic

A water treatment package composed by filling the components to be packaged (2) into a water- 1
permeable packaging means (1), characterized in that the aforementioned components to be
packaged (2) comprise $q $q(i) bisque granules (A) on which the product separated from tea leaves
(B) is adsorbed, or $q(ii) bisque granules (A) on which the product separated from tea leaves (B) is
adsorbed and electrolytes (C). $q $qAs the water treatment package is plunged into water in a pot,
the odors of disinfectant chlorine and mold will be completely removed, whereby water is made tasty.

A process for improving the internal burst strengths of microporous polymeric hollow fibers useful in 1
RO applications is disclosed, which comprises heat curing such fibers at temperatures not exceeding
their glass transition temperatures for five minutes up to several hours.
The process comprises placing the water to be treated in a first level under high pressure of more 1
than 2.5 MPa, treating the water by reverse osmosis, and discharging the water from the first level to
a second level in which the water is treated by reverse osmosis. The first level comprises a water
membrane. The water is pumped in upstream of the first level at a pressure of greater than 4 MPa.
The membrane of the first level supplies fresh water by desalination, where the fresh water has a
conductivity of greater than 40 mS/cm. The process comprises placing the water to be treated in a first
level under high pressure of more than 2.5 MPa, treating the water by reverse osmosis, and
discharging the water from the first level to a second level in which the water is treated by reverse
osmosis. The first level comprises a water membrane. The water is pumped in upstream of the first
level at a pressure of greater than 4 MPa. The membrane of the first level supplies fresh water by
desalination, where the fresh water has a conductivity of greater than 40 mS/cm. The water is
primarily dechlorinated using activated carbon. Each membrane of the first level is intended to be
used for water having salinity of greater than 30 g/l. Each membrane of the second level is a
membrane for bio-osmosis intended to be used with water having low salinity of less than 2.5 g/l. An
independent claim is included for a device for treating water for producing dialysis water from
chlorinated and filtered drinking wate

The present invention relates to a gravity fed water purification device. 1

It is an object of the present invention to provide a gravity fed purification device having a scavenger
with relatively longer lifetime and/or reduction of concentration of biocide or byproduct thereof in water
downstream of scavenger.
Accordingly there is provided a gravity fed water purification device comprising a biocide unit (BU), a
reservoir (R) separated by a wall (W) from and positioned adjacently to a scavenger (S) comprising a
media (M) capable of scavenging said biocide or byproducts thereof from water and a dispensing
chamber (D) interconnected to define a flow path where the biocide is added by the biocide unit to the
water in the reservoir (R) which flows over the wall (W) into the scavenger (S) and through an outlet
(O) to the dispensing chamber, and, the outlet is positioned such that at least 10% by weight of said
media (M) is below the lowest level of the outlet (O), and the wall (W) extends above the highest level
of the media and above the lowest level of the outlet

[From equivalent EP0219004A3] SDO 1

The device comprises an UV-radiator, a housing surrounding the UV-radiator, which emits two
wavelengths of the spectrum of 170-260 nm, and an ultrasound generator with a frequency higher
than 18 kHz. The housing is tubularly formed with pipe coupling part on both end connection parts.
The fluid is guided on the surface of the UV-radiator so that it forms a thin flow film and a chaotic
stream is produced in the fluid by the ultrasound generato

Filtration device for filtering a fluid, a filtration system capable for connecting the filtration device and a 1
method for manufacturing a filtration device to provide a filtration device with a plurality of hollow fibre
membranes (24) having a simplified arrangement of connections by an arrangement of a flushing
conduit (40) within a collection conduit (30), and the method for manufacturing such filtration device

In the purification of water by reverse osmosis, water is driven through a membrane which is formed 1
into an element and is placed in a pressure vessel. The supplied water is pressurised unpurified water
which is supplied from outside. The pressurisation takes place manually by a device with sufficient
volume flow. A certain part of the water is withdrawn from the downstream side of the element. That
amount of water which is the difference between supplied and withdrawn flow under pressure is
forced through the membrane. This permeate flow is charged into the pressure vessel for permeate
via the pressure which prevails on the inflow side of the membran

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for purification of water. The method of 1
purification of water allows efficacious filtration of suspended particles and cysts whilst providing
relatively high flow rate and is also useful for purification of laundry waste water
The device comprises a boiler (1) receiving sand filter (2) and a multi-port valve (5), which comprises 1
connectors (4, 8, 9) for water supply, two water outlets and a valve body (7) for selectively connecting
the connectors with flow path for impacting the sand filters and recirculating water from the sand filter,
where the boiler comprises a short-circuited filter cartridge in the flow path for water recirculation over
a bypass line depending on the flow direction. The flow path comprises a boiler chamber detachable
from the sand filter for the water recirculation. The device comprises a boiler (1) receiving sand filter
(2) and a multi-port valve (5), which comprises connectors (4, 8, 9) for water supply, two water outlets
and a valve body (7) for selectively connecting the connectors with flow path for impacting the sand
filters and recirculating water from the sand filter, where the boiler comprises a short-circuited filter
cartridge in the flow path for water recirculation over a bypass line depending on the flow direction.
The flow path comprises a boiler chamber detachable from the sand filter for the water recirculation
and a base compartment provided below the sand filter for impacting the filter cartridge, whose outlet
pipe flows into the boiler chamber. A non-return valve opening itself into the base compartment is
provided in a section of a bulkhead wall present between the sand filter and boiler chamber and
separating the boiler chamber from the base compartment. The outlet pipe of the filter cartridge is
closed with a non-return valve opening into the boiler chambe

A method and system for treating a fluid stream includes inputting a fluid stream to an input section of 1
the fluid treatment system and receiving the fluid stream via spiral mixer-conditioner. The spiral mixer-
conditioner mixes and conditions the input stream. Thereafter the mixed and conditioned fluid stream
is input to a spiral separator where the mixed and conditioned fluid stream is separated into at least
two fluid streams, a first fluid stream having particulates in the input stream removed, and the second
fluid stream having the particulates in the input fluid stream concentrated

The invention relates to a process of water purification by the application of procedures of 1

coagulation, adsorption, filtration and desinfection, characterized in that the mixture of 20-50 mg/l of
coagulator and 2-5 mg/l of activated pulverous coal is added to the water to be purified, and that such
water, after 5-6 sec. of mixing, is filtered through the filter layer formed by plastic material of the
fibrous structure selected from the group of polyacrylnitrates having fineness of 4,5-9,0 deniers and
staple fibre length of 100-150 mm and porosity of 78-85%, and that the activated chlorine is added to
the filtered water in the amount depending on the need of the water for chlorine, preferably 1-2 mg/l,
and that the filter is regenerated after pollution by the reversed-current water and pressurized air,
using a manual pump. $qThe invention relates also to a filter for carrying out the process according to
claim1, characterized in that on the lid (1) of the vessel (2) for clean water, having the shape of
vertical parallelepiped, is mounted the filter (3) of cylindrical shape with filtering material (4) consisting
of plastic fibrous material which is situated between two perforated plates (5,6) whereby the bottom
(7) is fixed at a determined distance beneath the lower perforated plate (5) so to form a chamber (8),
and that a short pipe (9) is fixed to the bottom (7) so to pass partially through bottom (7) while the
opposite end thereof is free in the vessel (2) for clean water, and that the space (10) for collecting
water to be purified is positioned above the upper perforated plate (5), and that the filter (9) is
provided with a lid (12) while the vessel (2) for clean water is provided with a lid (11) and that a pipe
(14) is fixed at the lower part of vessel (2) for clean water just above the bottom (13) of the said vessel
(2).

The method for treatment and disinfection of the water of a swimming pool or a bath basin, comprises
supplying the water as raw water to a surge water tank (2), displacing with flocculant, flowing through
a filter (6) and then again flowing as pure water to the basin. A partial stream of the water emerging
from the surge water tank is again supplied into a circuit before the addition of the flocculant to the
raw water before its entry into the surge water tank, where the partial stream is subjected to a
treatment with UV-radiation and ozone. The water is subjected to chlorine treatment. The method for
treatment and disinfection of the water of a swimming pool or a bath basin, comprises supplying the
water as raw water to a surge water tank (2), displacing with flocculant, flowing through a filter (6) and
then again flowing as pure water to the basin. A partial stream of the water emerging from the surge
water tank is again supplied into a circuit before the addition of the flocculant to the raw water before
its entry into the surge water tank, where the partial stream is subjected to a treatment with UV-
radiation and ozone. The water is subjected to chlorine treatment after flowing through the filter. The
treatment is carried out with UV-radiation and then the ozone treatment. An UV-radiation source or an
ozone generator is used, with which ozone generates. An UV-light is used with a wavelength of UV-C-
region for the treatment with UV-radiation. The treatment is carried out with the UV-radiation with a
wavelength of less than 200 nm. An independent claim is included for a device for treatment and
disinfection of the water of a swimming pool or a bath basi
A method of regeneration of an adsorbent (11) including a contaminant (12), the method comprising
simultaneously exposing the adsorbent (11) to both at least one oxidizer (13) and an ultrasound
irradiation (18) for oxidizing the contaminant (12) to regenerate the adsorbent (11) is disclosed. The
regenerated adsorbent (11) can be used for water treatment process. The adsorbent (11) is at least
one of an alumina, activated carbon and a zeolitic material. The oxidizer (13) can be at least one of a
chemical oxidizer, a light oxidizer or a photocatalyst

The filter material has granulation of neutral glass equipped with grain size spectrum size coordinating 1
to the pollutants which are filtered. The granulation is made of neutral glass, which is from recycled,
colorless or colored glas

The system has a cylindrical filter module (40) arranged in a filter housing, where the module has a 1
filter head and a cartridge. The module has a form-stable filter material arranged between the
cartridge and the module by releasing a chamber, where the chamber is formed as an annular gap.
The module has a flow channel (44) formed such that liquid is filtered by the chamber and flows
through the module and the flow channel. The module has an ion exchanger module (41) for
enclosing a base part module (42) along a part of length. An independent claim is also included for a
method for filtering liquid

A mineral water producing method includes the steps of inputting basic data to obtain data about
human mineral intake and data about average mineral intake from food; selecting a water supply area
to obtain data about mineral intake from daily water intake; selecting an eating habit and a
physical/mental condition; inputting personal body weight and calculating mineral intake; setting a
daily water intake and calculating a daily mineral supplement; and outputting mineral water. A mineral
water producing apparatus includes a water inlet and a water outlet; a first filter being connected at a
first end to the water inlet and at a second end to the water outlet; at least one mineral substance
container being located between and connected to the second end of the filter and the water outlet;
and a controller for controlling the mineral substance container to supply a mineral substance

In a sulphonated aromatic polymer contains repeating units (Ar-Y) (where Y is SO2 and/or CO), at 1
least half of groups Ar contain a group SO3 M and M is 1/m of a polyvalent metal cation in at least
800f such groups SO3 M. The polyvalent cation compound is formed by heating the corresponding
sulphonic acid or monovalent cation compound with a salt of a polyvalent metal. The polymer is useful
as a membrane and the polyvalent metal salt addition and/or the heat treatment may be applied to
polymer in membrane form.

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

A method of controlling a chemical clean of a membrane comprising: increasing the amount of 1

chemical cleaning agent present during the clean; measuring membrane resistance of a membrane
for at least a portion of said clean; ceasing the increase in chemical cleaning agent when membrane
resistance attains a predetermined valu

An embodiment of the present invention includes: a spiral type pressure vessel 15 in which a plurality 1
of reverse osmosis membrane apparatuses 13-1 to 13-10 having spiral reverse osmosis membranes
is connected through a permeated water pipe 14, and is housed in a connected state; a raw water
supplying line that supplies raw water 11 into the pressure vessel 15; a concentrated water
discharging line through which concentrated water 16 concentrated is discharged; a plug 17 that
blocks the permeated water pipe 14 at the center of the reverse osmosis membrane apparatuses 13-
1 to 13-10; a front-side permeated water line and a front-side permeated water line through which
front-side permeated water 12-1 and rear-side permeated water 12-2 are discharged to the exterior,
respectively, which are separated fore and aft, respectively, of the permeated water pipe 14 blocked
by the plug 17; a pressure regulating valve 20 that is mounted in the raw water supplying line and
regulates the supply pressure of the raw water 11; and a flow regulating valve 22 that is mounted in
the front-side permeated water line and regulates the pressure of the front-side permeated water 12-
[From equivalent EP0002422A1] Apparatus for the cross-flow filtration of liquids or gases, such 1
apparatus having disc-shaped filter elements which are located concentrically around a filtrate
collecting pipe and within a tubular jacket, and an inlet and outlet pipe extending parallel to the
filtrate collecting pipe, each inlet and outlet pipe having an aperture between each filter element to
ensure that the liquid to be filtered is supplied tangentially thereby assuming a helical flow across the
filter elements. The filter elements are provided on both sides with a microporous membrane and are
provided with a supporting layer having sealed passages in order to supply the filtrate to the central
collecting pipe.

A Langmuir-Blodgett ultrathin membrane is constituted of polyfumarate having a degree of 1

polymerization of 20 to 10,000. The polyfumarate is obtained by polymerizing fumarate represented
by the general formula of: $q$q wherein at least one of R1 and R2 represents a bulky hydrocarbon
group such as a branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or a substituent thereof, a fluorine-
substituted hydrocarbon group, a hetero atom-containing hydrocarbon group or a silicon-containing
group.

A disposable water purifier consists of two, initially separate, sealed units which, before use, are 1
assembled into a complete through-flow unit. The upper unit (I) contains, starting from the inlet (10), a
micro-filter (14), a mixed-bed, nuclear-grade ion-exchange resin in wetted state (16), and another
micro-filter (17) upstream of the outlet (12); this unit serves to absorb salts, ionic contaminants and
charged particles. The lower unit (II) contains, starting from the inlet (20), a micro-filter (24), a layer of
bacterio-static activated carbon (26), and another micro-filter (27) upstream of the outlet (22); this unit
serves to absorb organic, non-charged particles and dissolved gases. An indicator (not shown)
attached to the outlet serves to indicate exhaustion of the purifying capacity of the unit.

[From equivalent EP0253132A1] The filter has a plurality of layers of different filter materials and is 1
characterised by an adsorption filter insert which consists of a self-supporting sintered body
composed of finely divided adsorbent, thermoplastic binder and a finely divided oligodynamic agent,
and is designed as mechanical fine filter.

[From equivalent EP0256417A1] The application concerns a flaky color pigment and a process for it's 1
production. the pigment comprising a fine flaky powder as base material, and zinc oxide and an
inorganic color pigment attached to the surface thereof.

[From equivalent EP0287136A1] The material is in the form of spheroidal granules, each consisting 1
of a thermoplastic polymeric matrix (1) and of a denser adjuvant in the form of microparticles (3)
dispersed in the said matrix. At the surface each granule has a porosity in the form of microcells (4)
and of cationic hydrophilic sites (6) distributed over the surface. The material is manufactured by
mixing an oxidisable thermoplastic resin with an adjuvant in powder form, heating the mixture to make
it plastic, extruding it at a diameter corresponding to the size of the granules to be obtained,
sectioning it in lengths equal to this diameter, converting the said lengths into pearls, carrying out a
surface oxidation of the spheroidal granules thus obtained and then grafting a polyelectrolyte of
cationic type by an ionic route at the surface of the said granules.

Water purification apparatus is provided, particularly for use in tea or coffee brewing apparatus, 1
comprising a first vessel (1) for holding water to be purified and a second vessel (3) containing
purifying agent (2), such as activated charcoal/carbon and ion exchange resin. The first vessel (1) is
positioned above and communicates with the second vessel (2). When the first vessel (1) is filled with
water, the water flows through the purifying agent (2) in the second vessel (3) and out of an outlet (15)
of the second vessel (3). The outlet (15) of the second vessel is positioned at such a height in relation
to the purifying agent (2) that the agent (2) remains substantially submerged in water, even when the
first vessel (1) subsequently empties. $qA preferred feature is that flow restrictor means (15) are
provided for substantially restricting the rate of flow of water through the purifying agent (2).
[From equivalent EP0329355A2] A machine element for use in a liquid treating system comprises an 1
antibacterial property at least at a portion thereof which is to come into contact with the treated liquid
in the course of system operation.

[From equivalent EP0334639A1] A filter device for use in the treatment of water to render it potable, 1
which is of particular value in emergency situations, comprises exo-polysaccharide producing, gram-
negative bacteria supported upon a water-permeable material which is non-toxic to microorganisms
and to human beings, is resistant to temperatures within the range from -15øC to +65øC, and is not
readily biodegradable. The device may be freeze-dried to enable it to be stored until it is required for
use and may then be reactivated by the addition of water. It may be used as the surface layer in a
slow-sand filter.

[From equivalent EP0335648A2] An improved method of operating a membrane separation system is 1

provided, which comprises applying a reduced pressure to one side of the or each membrane to
thereby cause fluid to be drawn through the or each membrane from the other side thereof. $qAs the
method does not utilize fluid under pressure, which has typically been required in prior art procedures,
the risk of damage to the membranes is eliminated, or at least minimised.

[From equivalent EP0340382A2] A screen cover is described for a cleaning insert (4) in a water 1
regeneration device, the screen cover (5) having screen slots (7) on a conical surface section (6) and
at least one venting aperture in the middle of a raised shoulder, and being capable of being connected
to a hollow tube (10) with a disc (11). $qIn order to improve the operation and handling of such a
screen cover, particularly its ventilation and operation by the end user, provision is made for the
screen slots (7) to be substantially straight and arranged in a ring on the frustoconical surface section
(6) which occupies approximately 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the screen cover (5) and for markings to
be provided on the upper, outer annular surface of the disc (11), to which markings an adjustable
pointer (17) is assigned, which is attached to a locking ring (19) which is permanently and rotatably
arranged on the hollow tube (10).

Water to be purified contained in a reservoir (4) passes through a filter cartridge (3) to a receptacle 1
(1). The water enters the cartridge through slots (14), travels downwards round a baffle (11), then
upwards between the baffle and a wall (12) to be discharged through slots (16). The purified water is
eliminated between the cartridge and a wall of reservoir recess (8). Flow is controlled by hood (18)
manually positioned by screw (21) when rod (22) is turned. A manually actuated unidiriectional
indicator rotor can monitor the number of operations. Reservoir (4) rests on a stand (2, 6) from which
the receptacle can easily be removed but the reservoir can also rest directly on the receptacle,
located by rib (36).

[From equivalent EP0359074A1] A continuous process for removing or reducing the nitrite and/or
nitrate content from nitrite- and/or nitrate-containing water with selective formation of nitrogen by
catalytic hydrogenation, and catalysts which are suitable for this purpose, are described.
Means are provided for use with water purification systems and for evaluating the quality of water, 1
which impart a color to water passing through such means, said color being indicative of an excess of
a certain ionic strength or of a change of pH beyond a predetermined value. $qThere is also provided
a highly efficient water purification system for the removal of a wide variety of contaminants, also
equipped with a color release system when purification starts to fail.

[From equivalent EP0039179A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent EP0392097A1] An apparatus for treating water comprises a pair of half cases (1,2)
on a pipe. A N-polar permanent magnet (8) is disposed in one case and a S-polar permanent magnet
(10) is disposed in the other case (2). Far infrared radiation ceramics (12,13) are disposed in the
cases (1,2) on the downstream side of the magnets (8,10).

[From equivalent EP0397332A1] A reverse osmosis system including a reverse osmosis filter with a 1
reverse osmosis membrane and having an inlet port coupled to a source of feed water under
predetermined pressure via a feed water inlet conduit, a product water outlet port for filtered outlet
product water, and a brine outlet port for brine. A pump coupled into the feed water inlet conduit
between the source of feed water and the inlet port of the filter and driven by the feed water under
pressure. The pump increases the pressure of the feed water so that the reverse osmosis filter
receives feed water at an increased pressure.

A homogenized foam fluid obtained as waste fluid in processing potatoes into potato starch is 1
subjected to a reversed osmosis by maintaining the pressure of the foam fluid upon the membrane
constant at a predetermined pressure by means of centrifugal pump (9), the fluid is supplied by
means of a recycle centrifugal pump (8). $qAn installation for executing this process comprises a
reversed osmosis unit (1) and at least a centrifugal pump (9) and a recycle centrifugal pump (8).

A water filter comprises a hollow cylindrical ceramic candle element (10) having a lower closed end 1
and an upper open end. The upper end is glued between inner (18) and outer (20) downwardly-
depending circular flanges of a plastics material end cap (12). An impervious plastics tube (24) is
concentrically glued to the inner surface of the inner flange (18). Water-treating granules (28) are
retained within the tube (24) by stainless steel gauzes (30,32), these granules may contain coral sand
to reduce the acidity of and add minerals to the water, ion exchange resins to remove heavy metals,
polyphosphates for softening the water, substances for removing or killing viruses and bacteria, or for
adding other desirable chemicals such as disinfectants. Water flows through the candle element (10),
down through an annular space (26) between the element and the tube (24), up through the granules
in the tube and out through a bore (34) in the end cap (12). $q$q

[From equivalent EP0442157A1] Apparatus for carrying out a ground-water purification comprising 1
one or more compartments placed above or next to one another, provided with inlets and outlets and
partially filled with a biologically-active material, which apparatus is so constructed that the air to be
purified, optionally supplemented with additional air and/or other gases, is passed simultaneously
through an aerobic biological system which contains microorganisms which are able to utilise the
organic compounds, present as contaminants, as energy and/or as a source of carbon, and also a
method for purifying air and water using such an apparatus.

A process is described for detoxification of drinking water and waste water by means of UV light and
hydrogen peroxide and, if required, chemical activators in the continuous flow process, using one or
more low pressure UV lamp(s) (11) in combination with suitable sealing material (12) between lamp(s)
and the water to be treated, which material does not block UV radiation with a wavelength of in
particular 254 nm and below, the water to be treated being conducted past the UV lamp(s) (12) in a
sufficiently thin layer (18) and H2O2 being added at a suitable point (16) to the water stream to be
treated.

[From equivalent EP0448466A1] Improvements brought to equipment intended for the ultra- or 1
microfiltration of liquids, especially of water, by means of internal-skin fibres grouped in bundles
placed in an enclosure (1), in which an axial conduit (8) joined to the deck(s) (4) is provided and which
comprises a zone 8b forming a reserve of washing water (14). Recirculating devices (9) are included
in this conduit.
[From equivalent EP0459444A1] In the method for in situ decontamination of ground water mixed 1
with hydrocarbons, a system is used which is equipped with a bore tube (4), which extends to below
the ground water table (3), and also a tube unit (5) which can be inserted into the bore tube and which
likewise ends beneath the ground water table. This tube unit is composed of a stripping tube (6) and
at least two tube sections roughly concentrically enclosing the stripping tube at a distance, and firmly
fixed together and to the stripping tube, specifically an inner tube section (7) and an outer tube section
(8). Beneath the stripping tube (6), an aerator (9) opens, which acts to introduce fresh gas into the
ground water and to simultaneously lift the ground water table (3) in the area of the bore tube (4). The
outer tube section (8) is provided with a seal (10) against the bore tube (4) and lies with its upper
edge at about the height of outflow openings (11) in the form of slots or the like provided in the bore
tube (4). Overflow openings (12) in the form of slots or the like are provided in the stripping tube (6)
above the ground water table. The upper edge (13) of the inner tube section (7) is sealed against the
stripping tube (6) above the overflow openings (12) of the stripping tube (6). The lower edge (15) of
the inner tube section (7) acts to divert the ground water flowing downwards in the inner annular
space (14) between the stripping tube and the inner tube section and flowing upwards to the outlet
openings (11) in the outer annular space (18) between the inner tube section and the outer tube
section.

A description is given of a process for purification of ground waters and waste waters which is 1
characterised in that the waters are subjected to a membrane separation process, between a
biological purification step and being passed over activated charcoal.

Biologically active substances having a molecular weight below 1500, present in an initial admixture 1
with organic solvent media and their mixtures with water, are purified and/or concentrated by a
method comprises applying the initial admixture under superatmospheric pressure to the feed surface
of a solvent stable membrane which is additionally characterized by the fact that it possesses
simultaneously properties (i) and (ii), namely, (i) rejecting at least part of such substance in the initial
admixture, and (ii) allowing the permeation of at least part of said the medium, the balance of
properties (i) and (ii) being such that there accumulates at the membrane feed surface the biologically
active substance(s) in admixture with at least part of the medium, in a concentration which is higher
than that in the initial admixture.

[From equivalent EP0480556A1] A system for treating a portion of water passing through a 1
pressurized water conduit. The system (10) comprises water treatment means such as a reverse
osmosis module (24). An upstream branch line (28) communicates between the pressurized water
conduit (12) and the inlet (26) of the water treatment means. Another branch line (36) is provided for
connection with pressurized water conduit (12) at a location downstream from the upstream branch
line (28), and communicating with a water outlet (34) of the treatment means. A flow restrictor (40) is
provided, positioned in the pressurized water conduit (12) between the conduit connection locations
(29,38) of the respective branch lines. Thus, water can flow through the upstream branch line (28)
from the conduit to the water treatment means, and water can flow from the treatment means through
the other downstream branch line (36) back to the conduit when water is flowing through the
pressurized water conduit. $q$q

[From equivalent EP0488063A1] The invention relates to a cellulose dialysis membrane in the form of 1
a hollow filament, formed from cellulose cuoxam solutions with the formation of the interior cavity by
means of a liquid or a gas and having a UFR of at least 4 ml/m2xhxmm Hg, which is characterised in
that the hydrogel fractions of the cellulose are distributed in logarithmic normal distribution in cells with
a mean free path length, determined by the freeze-etching replica method after swelling of the
membrane with water, of 3-10 nm in the membrane wall, the mean free path length being the distance
between the cells, the shape factor of more than 650f the total of all the cut surfaces of the hydrogel
cells being between 1.0 and 5.0, and the UFR after storage for 10 days in a moist atmosphere at
20øC and 100% rh being more than 500f the value obtained immediately after drying or after storage
in a dry environment. A further subject is a process for preparing the cellulose dialysis membrane.

[From equivalent EP0489184A1] In the cooling of UV high-power radiation devices, the cooling of the
internal electrodes (5), which are at a high-voltage potential, is critical because it is necessary for this
purpose to use fully desalinated water or oil. Since a heat sink (9) must be used in any case for the
external cooling, it is used at the same time as a heat exchanger for the internal cooling.
A water treating apparatus is provided with a softening section, including an ion-exchange resin-filled 1
section (10) and a softening section disposed integrally with a vacuum deaerating membrane section
(12) so as to allow gases to pass through the membrane while a liquid is prevented from passing
therethrough. The apparatus is compact in size and easily handled. The softened water provided
thereby is useful as deionized and degassed water for boiler water and for the preparation of
integrated circuits. $q$q

[From equivalent EP0504597A2] A water purifying apparatus (2) comprising: feeding means (3) for
feeding water under pressure; a bacteria culturing tank (5); and air supply means (4) for feeding air to
the bacteria culturing tank (5) by inducing air by utilizing fluid energy of circulating water; and air flow
detecting means (7) provided on an air suction duct (6) of the air supply means (4). A filter (5)
provided upstream of the feeding means for feeding water under pressure has a property of
preventing moss from growing in a water tank (1) and sterilizing water. An ultraviolet lamp (22) for
sterilizing the water in a water tank is provided on a circulating duct. A carrier for fixing bacteria which
grows aerobic and anaerobic bacteria is composed of a basic mineral material. $q$q

In a process for the treatment of in particular water-containing nitrate, such as, for example, ground 1
water, brackish water or the like, the water is separated into a low-nitrate permeate and a high-nitrate
concentrate by means of reverse osmosis and the latter is evaporated until precipitation of the solid.
$qIn order to be able to operate such a process more cost-efficiently, the concentrate is freed from
hardness formers, concentrated by means of a membrane separation process to give a salt solution,
which is then evaporated.

[From equivalent EP0524039A1] Water treatment process consisting in performing, at the same time, 1
the degritting, the degreasing, the coagulation, the flocculation and the clarification, characterised in
that it consists: $q $q- on the one hand in splitting at least one of the functions of degritting and
degreasing into two elementary steps, and, $q- on the other hand in simultaneously performing at
least one of the following associated stages: $q- the coarse degritting and the coagulation of the raw
water (1), $q- the fine degritting and the first stage of coalescence of the fats (2) and the high-energy
flocculation, $q- the second stage of coalescence of the fats and the low-energy flocculation (3), and
$q- the separation of the fats and the feeding of the clarification (4). $q

A hollow fiber assembly having selective permeability by cylindrical arrangements of hollow fibers 1
having selective permeability mainly comprising a cylindrical layer of hollow fibers [1] formed by
crisscross arrangement of hollow fibers, a hollow portion [2] which exists inside the above cylindrical
layer of hollow fibers [1], a plurality of engaging members [3] which are respectively separated from
one another in said hollow portion [2], a resin wall (A) [4] which is disposed at an open end of said
hollow fibers and arranged to be open to the exterior without leaving any space between said fibers
and with separation from said engaging means [3], a resin wall (B) [5] which is disposed at the other
end of said assembly for fixing the end of said assembly, an elastic supporting member 6 for
controlling the distance between the two resin walls (A) [4] and (B) [5], and a fluid supply conduit [8].

[From equivalent EP0543112A1] The degradation of pollutants in water by means of compounds

forming free hydroxyl radicals, in particular hydrogen peroxide, in combination with UV irradiation in
through-flow reactors is known. $qContrary to current practice, the pollutant degradation is improved if
the irradiation is carried out in a reactor having a specific reactor volume of at least 10 l per kW of the
UV emitter(s) and 0.25 to 25 times, in particular 0.25 to 10 times, the volume of the reactor of water to
be treated flows through the reactor per hour.

A desirable reverse osmosis membrane which is particularly useful in water purification includes a 1
thin, active layer (20) of a relatively inert, film forming, polymer which is capable of dissolving a limited
amount of water, said active layer being used in association with a porous support (12). This active
layer is disposed on a hydrogel layer (16) which serves to facilitate the movement of water away from
the active layer generally toward the pores in the support. Preferably the support used is an
asymmetric layer or membrane in which the porosity increases with the distance away from the
hydrogel layer. The complete membrane can be manufactured through the use of solvent solutions
which are successively applied to the support layer or membrane and from which the solvent is
removed.
1. Designation $qInstallation for treating, storing and conveying rainwater for use as utility water or for 1
treatment for percolation or passing into an outfall. $q2. Summary $q2.1 Objective $qThe aim of the
invention is low-maintenance and inexpensive treatment, purification and storage of rainwater for use
as utility water in homes, industry, commerce and public buildings or for the purpose of percolation or
passing into an outfall, taking into account frost-proofing, with low expenditure on maintenance,
without parts which wear, with a regenerable filter, with a frost-dependent filling level, with a damming-
secured overflow and compact construction. $q2.2 Solution of the technical object $qThe rainwater is
purified by rapid sedimentation, filtration through a depth filter and subsequent slow sedimentation.
The filter is furnished with a washable, removable filter packing and, by the special construction form,
makes possible high filter cross-sectional areas with low structural volume. Variable overdamming
makes possible frost-proof laying of the drains in accordance with standards, without loss of filling
level in the storage. Devices for forming layers and flow guidance in the storage free the water from
suspended matter before withdrawal by slow sedimentation. Variable maximum water level,
depending on the external temperature, make the use of an enlarged storage volume possible in
frost-free seasons. $q2.3 Area of application $qThe main use of the described installation is the
treatment of roof run-off water for utility water purposes. The treatment of surface run-off water from
sealed surfaces is equally possible. In addition, the rain run-off from sealed surfaces can be purified
by this system prior to percolation or passing into an outfall.

[From equivalent EP0566260A1] A method of treating a liquid medium to remove from it matter 1
present therein comprises adding to the liquid medium at least one of an at least partially undried
sorbing agent (a), a freshly prepared sorbing agent (b) and an in-situ sorbing agent (c). Sorbing agent
(a) comprises a hydrotalcite-like material resulting from the preparation thereof in a liquid reaction
medium, which preparation allows retention, in the hydrotalcite-like material, of at least 100f free
liquid, based on the weight of the hydrotalcite-like material, including the free liquid, and $q $q(a)1
which sorbing agent is present in an amount, on a dry weight basis, of the sorbing agent, by volume of
the liquid medium to be treated, of ó0.035% w/v, or $q(a)2 the preparation of the hydrotalcite-like
material is such as to provide a grain size of the hydrotalcite-like material of ó130, as measured in
the direction by x-ray diffraction on a subsequently dried material. Sorbing agent (b) comprises a
hydrotalcite-like material resulting from the preparation thereof in a liquid reaction medium and
present in the reaction medium without substantial removal of the reaction medium. $q $qSorbing
agent (c) comprises a reaction mixture capable of forming, in-situ, in the contaminated liquid medium,
a hydrotalcite-like material.

[From equivalent US4495067] An apparatus is disclosed for the preparation of infusion grade water 1
for use in the preparation of parenteral solutions. The apparatus is comprised of a two component
system including a chemical purification unit and an endotoxin filter receiving assembly. Chemical
purification of the water is achieved by treating the feed water [any potable water source] using a
sequence of carbon adsorption, reverse osmosis, deionization, and membrane filtration. The
chemically pure water from this system is used as a feed water to a low molecular weight cutoff
membrane ultrafilter, which is an integral part of a presterilized manifold with receiving bags. The
receiving bags may contain premeasured solutes in sterile nonpyrogenic powder form or in
concentrated solution form to yield by dilution typical parenteral solutions ready for administration.

A drinking water filtration system comprises mainly a water filtration tube and a water bacteria 1
removing apparatus , which is characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of magnetic bars with
a non-magnetic metal piece being sandwiched between two magnetic bars and that the magnetic
bars are arranged in a manner that adjoining ends thereof repel each other . In addition , mineral
stones in an appropriate quantity are lodged in the space located between magnetic bars and
siliceous marl . The mineral stones contain minerals essential to human health , which can be
extracted by an electrostatic force of magnetic bars and can be discharged into the purified water .
The siliceous marl located at the center of the water filtration tube serves as a means to filter out the
water bacteria , such as bacillus and E. coli . $q$q
A pressurised raw water stream is divided by a membrane separation process into a pure water 1
stream and a service water stream. The raw water stream is subject to temporary changes in flow
rate. Either the ratio of the flow rate of the pure water stream to the flow rate of the raw water stream
is kept at least approximately constant, or a part-stream of constant flow rate is taken off from the raw
water stream and divided in such a way that the ratio of the flow rate of the pure water stream to the
flow rate of the raw water part-stream is constant. $qThe apparatus for carrying out the first process
variant includes an actuator for controlling the flow rate of the pure water stream, which itself can be
controlled by the flow rate of the raw water stream. The apparatus for carrying out the second process
variant includes a control valve (3) having overflow characteristics. This is installed, parallel to the
primary side of the membrane module (4), into the bypass line (2) of the feed line (1) for the raw water
stream and the outlet line (1) for the service water stream. The apparatus for carrying out the process
can have at least one reservoir for the pure water.

The present invention relates to a device for at least partially desalinating drinking water for foodstuffs 1
preparation having a receiver (1) for taking up filtered drinking water and having a top (2) which
consists of an essentially funnel-shaped upper part which in its bottom (14) has a receiving orifice (5)
for a filter cartridge (6). To provide a correspondingly simple device by means of which even
laypersons are easily able both to filter drinking water for foodstuffs preparation in a conventional
manner and, if necessary, in particular for the preparation of baby food, to obtain drinking water in
largely desalinated form, it is proposed according to the invention that a second top (3) be provided,
which can be mounted on the first top or can be inserted between the first top (2) and the receiver (1),
and which likewise has a funnel-shaped part having a bottom orifice (5') in which a second filter
cartridge (7) can be inserted.

[From equivalent EP0061424A2] Semipermeable membranes of modified polysulfones are provided 1

which comprises repeating units of the formula -M1-R1-M2-R2-SO2-R3-(1) wherein M1 and M2 are
independently a valence bond, -O- or -NH-, R1 is a valence bond or a group of the formula with
the proviso that if R1 is a valence bond, only one of M1 and M2 can be -O-, R2 and R3 are
independently a group of the formula the aryl radicals R1, R2 and R3 are optionally further
substituted, R4 is a valence bond, -O-, alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms optionally substituted or
interrupted by cycloalkyl(ene) or aryl(ene) of at most 7 carbon atoms, or alkylidene of 2 to 4 carbon
atoms, R5 to R10 are independently hydrogen, or -R11NH2, or -R13OH radicals, these radicals
being modified through chemical reaction with (a) a monomeric compound containing at least two
functional groups, (b) a polyfunctional, linear or branched oligomer or polymer, and (c) a non-ionic or
ionic compound containing at least one, preferably two groups capable of reaction with (b), -R12X or
-R13CHO radicals, modified through chemical reaction with (b) and (c), or -R13CN radicals, modified
through chemical reaction with hydroxylamine, (a), (b) and (c), R11 is a valence bond, -CH2-,
alkylene or arylene containing oxygen or nitrogen atoms, R11' constitutes the atoms necessary to
form a heterocyclic ring condensed with the polymer backbone and X is halogen, the degree of
substitution of substituents R5 to R10-different from hydrogen-being between 0.3 and 3
milliequivalents/g. The new membranes are suitable in reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration processes.
They show good permeability (flux) and rejection characteristics combined with solvent and
compaction resistance.

[From equivalent EP0622337A1] The invention relates to an apparatus for treating microbially
polluted waters by UV radiation, in particular waters containing a pathogen of the genus Legionella,
which apparatus has a vessel receiving water and a UV source (lamp) acting on the water. By means
of the invention an apparatus is to be created in which the UV source and thus ultimately the entire
apparatus can be operated more gently and economically. This is achieved by the UV source (17)
being dimmable by means of a choke (35) connected thereto.

[From equivalent EP0640371A1] A liquid filter device for use with bottles holding wine or other liquids, 1
for use in filtering cork or other sediments from the liquid while pouring the liquid out of the bottle,
comprising a generally tubular body (12) which may be inserted into the neck of a bottle (20), where
the body has a top portion open to the internal volume of the filter device and a bottom portion sealed
from the internal volume, openings (22) formed in the body, a filter (24) located on the inside of the
body to cover such openings and means (18) for strengthening said body being integrally formed
thereon. $q$q
[From equivalent EP0642826A1] The production of filter material from activated carbon compacts, 1
use of which makes possible selective separation of organic and inorganic phase, proceeds with the
following steps: $q $q(a) mixing to homogeneity activated carbon particles having a size of 1 to 100
æm with aluminium oxide of the pseudoboehmite modification in the ratio 1:1 to 5:1, $q(b) adding
distilled water, mixing well, $q(c) adding dilute acetic acid, mixing well, $q(d) adding distilled water
again, $q(e) forming tablets or similar structures in a mould under pressure and $q(f) sequential
heating of the tablets to $q $q1) 80 to 100øC for 6 to 10 hours, $q2) 140 to 160øC for 8 to 10 hours
$q3) 180 to 200øC for 6 to 10 hours. $q $q $qA filter material according to the invention for selective
separation of organic material from an organic phase comprises activated carbon compacts produced
in this manner and is used for selective separation of organic and inorganic phases.

Vacuum processing equipment capable of preventing particles from sticking to objects to be

processed in vacuum vessels. The vacuum equipment comprises a series of vacuum vessels
separated by doors, and the pressures in the vessels are reducible respectively. The vessels are so
configured that objects to be processed are movable among them, and there is provided light
projection means for projecting ultraviolet rays on gases introduced to at least one of the vessels.

Water or other liq. for purificn. is held in a reservoir (4) and pumped (3) through a filter (5). The pump 1
(3) pumps water into the filter through an opening (24) in its base (21) and up through the filter itself.
Purified water is removed from the top of the filter (32 and 33). A non-return valve (40) is situated
upstream of the filter and allows water to enter the filter, but prevents it running back when the pump
is stopped, keeping the filter permanently submerge

[From equivalent EP0668243A2] In a process and assembly to treat drinking water drawn from a 1
number of decentralised taps or table-top filter units, the novelty is that the water flow rate is regulated
in relation to the untreated water quality, the type and condition of the filter capsules used, and the
degree of purity required of the drinking water. The water is re-circulated through the treatment as
required either constantly or non-continually. The design and construction of the vessels holding
untreated and untreated water are identical and removable. The water is exposed to UV-radiation on
ore more times to render and maintain it free of germ

Mfr. of pure water Process for the mfr. of pure water comprises using a reverse osmosis appts. (1) 1
having at least two separating stages (2,3), from which the pure water is fed to a separating stage (2)
of a separating stage (3) in flow direction as crude water. On each separating stage (2,3) is arranged
a semipermeable membrane (4) which passes a partial amt. of the crude water fed to the separating
stage (2,3) under driving force of a pressure difference and where the residual amt. of the crude water
flowing past the membrane (4) leaves the separating stage (2,3) as concentrate. The novelty is that at
least 900f the crude water fed into the reverse osmosis appts. (1) is mfd. into pure water.

[From equivalent EP0691879A1] The present invention relates to a kieselgur-based microfilter plate, 1
especially for the complete disinfection of water, in which the microfilter plate contains porportions of
at least two siliceously bonded types of kieselgur, at least one of which is pre-calcined and
subsequently burnt. The pore size of the microfilter plate is preferably of the order of 0.1 to 0.3 mu so
that bacteria can reliably be retained. A process making use of three different types of kieselgur and
kaolin, with careful drying and subsequent burning makes it possible to produce plates with a
diameter of over 35 cm and a thickness of 1 to 1.5 cm. Such plates can be easily mechanically
cleaned by rotary brushes, thus providing a simply designed self-cleaning filter installation. Such filter
arrangements need little maintenance, which can even be done by unskilled staff owing to the
simplicity of the filter elements.

[From equivalent EP0697374A1] UV photolytic reactor for fluids and gases Fluids and gases receive
UV treatment from an HF-excited gas discharge lamp. A long cylindrical source includes a passage
(2) for the fluid under treatment. A number of sources may be included. In each, there is a discharge
cavity (10) and two electrodes (19,20). One electrode (20) occupies the fluid passage centrally, (2)
and is shaped as a static mixer. The second electrode (19) encases the double walled quartz tube
(11,12), acting as a reflector for the UV light. The static mixer electrode (20) may be located in an
annulus, surrounding the discharge space(s) (10) coaxially.
[From equivalent EP0770038A1] A device for preparing drinking water in the form of a transportable
table and travelling device with an interchangeable filter cartridge (24), a u/v lamp (25), an untreated
water container (21) and a pure water container (28). The u/v lamp (25) is arranged above the open
pure water container (28) and radiates directly thereinto. The u/v lamp (25), the filter cartridge (24)
and the electrical components for operating the u/v lamp (25) or to control and monitor the device are
combined into a structural unit which, during operation, is placed on the pure water container (28) and
carries the preferably removable untreated water container (21) on its top. It is particularly easily
transported if the unit (23) can be inserted into the untreated water container (21) and both
components together can be inserted into the pure water container (28). The unit also has operating
and indicating components to control the process and devices for preventing incorrect operation.

[From equivalent EP0778063A1] Filter arrangement with back rinsing to purify water Filter 1
arrangement with back rinsing to purify water has at least one group of filter feathers (1), at least one
rinse water store (4) and conveyers (5) for the rinse media, rinsing air and water. There is a rinse
media channel (3) at each group, this being linked by lines (13a,13b) for the media to the filter
feathers, by a line (53) to a compressed air source, the conveyance medium for the rinse air, and a
further line (43) to the rinse water store. The rinse media channel may form a partial system which
can be closed off, or may be contained in such (3,4) from the outside by locking elements
(13a',13b',54') in the partial system connection lines. Also claimed is the use of the above apparatus
to separate suspended solids from water using a grainy filter material (10), esp. using a multilayer
filter, and also the use of the apparatus to biologically clean waster water with micro-organism carrier
material, in the form of a pile of particles and / or an ordered packing (10).

[From equivalent EP0781255A1] The present invention relates to water treatment, in particular to a 1
process for the removal of dissolved organic carbon from water. The process includes the following
steps, adding an ion-exchange resin to water containing a contaminant such as dissolved organic
carbon, dispersing the resin in the contaminated water to enable adsorption of the dissolved organic
carbon onto the resin, and separating the resin loaded with contaminant from the water. In a preferred
embodiment the process employs a magnetic ion-exchange resin.
[From equivalent EP0783460A1] The invention concerns a method of destroying N-nitrosomorpholine
in an aqueous solution containing N-nitrosomorpholine and a peroxide oxidizing agent, the method
being characterized in that the aqueous solution is irradiated with ultraviolet light essentially having a
wavelength of 254 nm.

[From equivalent EP0792676A1] An extruded, thin-walled activated carbon filter tube having a wall 1
thickness of about 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) or less and an average dry density sufficient to remove at least
about 99.5 0f sub-micron particles from a liquid filtered through said tube.

Laser device for the purification of contaminated waters, comprising the use of lasers within the 1
infrared radiation spectrum, such as pulsed continuous wave YAG-doped neodymium (neodymium
pumped diode), as well as CO2 lasers, between the limits from 0.8 'mu'm to 11 'mu'm, which, in a
static position within a closed site or on a crane, irradiate the mass of water. The enclosures have
different shapes, and use magnetized sheets to collect metal impurities, in addition to the purification
of other types of contaminations, by irradiating the surface through the penetration inside the liquid
mass in order to destroy bacteriological micro-organisms contained in the liquid mass.

[From equivalent EP0800481A2] To reduce the nitrate content of water the invention proposes to
reduce the nitrate to nitrogen in two stages. The first stage is a photochemical reduction to nitrite, the
second stage a reduction of nitrite to nitrogen using amidosulfuric acid.

[From equivalent EP0803476A1] Solar-powered emergency apparatus supplying high quality drinking 1
water An emergency processing apparatus providing crystal-clear, hygienically-acceptable, sterilised,
micro-filtered, odourless, partly de-salted drinking water in definite amounts uses (A) solar energy via
photo-voltaic cells (2), a buffer battery (4) and an electrolysis cell (6) for preparing a sodium
hypochlorite oxidation disinfectant; and (B) a downstream active carbon micro-filter (11); as well as
(C) a desalting ion-exchanger (12).
[From equivalent EP0804877A1] An antibacterial solid having a satisfactory antibacterial activity for
long against sewage in any form of circulating, still and running waters or sewage-contacting parts. An
example thereof is one containing both of an antibacterial metal itself and ions thereof. It is generally
believed that antibacterial metal ions have a potent antibacterial effect when contained in the sewage
at least in a specified concentration but the effect cannot last long because they are rapidly released
into the sewage and consumed thereby, while antibacterial metals themselves, though not fast-acting,
can exhibit a certain bacteriostatic effect continuously for long. Therefore the antibacterial solid
containing both of the metal and ions thereof combines a potent initial antibacterial effect and a
persistent bacteriostatic effect.

Dispenser for treated water The UV source (15) is mounted near to the outlet (9) of the water
dispenser to treat all the dispensed water including any volume trapped between the water supply and
the outlet. The supply feed (19) for the UV source is ducted through any flexible hose (8) for the
dispenser, eg. for a shower head. The UV supply is activated by a pressure switch, either in the holder
(20) for the shower head, of activated by a water pressure switch. The UV emission has a wavelength
of 250 to 255 nM and is directed along the water flow path. An alternate design has the UV source in
the water flow control unit (2) and ducted to the water outlet via fibre optic links.

[From equivalent EP0082393A3] SDO 1

[From equivalent EP0833684A1] In order to remove organic constituents from an aqueous stream, 1
said aqueous stream is combined with an adsorbent consisting of small particles to produce a
dispersion in order to bind the contamination by adsorption on the small particles. The dispersion is
concentrated to produce a slurry and the adsorbent is then regenerated by oxidation. The particles of
the adsorbent are smaller than 200 'mu'm and the oxidation can take place as partial oxidation at a
temperature of between 25 and 130 øC and a pressure of between 1 and 3 bars. A reduction in
volume of at least 90 0s achieved on concentration to produce a slurry and the method is carried out
continuousl

[From equivalent EP0847785A1] Filtration device for purifying water lightly contaminated with solid 1
particles, hydrocarbon(s), microorganisms, etc. Device for purification of lightly contaminated water
containing a suspension of mineral particles and/or particles of organic material and/or hydrocarbons
and/or microorganisms, comprises a grid (1) supporting a cloth (2) on which is disposed a filtration
element (3); means (4) for contacting the water to be treated with the filter element (3) so that it
passes through the filter element; and means (5) for recovering the water after passage through the
filter element (3). The filter element (3) comprises at least one layer of paper filled with powdered
organic and/or mineral materia

[From equivalent EP0848617A1] A method and apparatus (10, 100) for killing microorganisms in a 1
fluid medium (11) are disclosed. This method has the steps of providing a germicidal radiation for
killing microorganisms (30) and reflector (40) for transferring and orienting of the germicidal radiation
for killing microorganisms (30); providing a secondary flow (12) of a substantially particle free fluid; the
secondary flow (12) is running along the reflectors (40) and establishing a substantially particulate
free barrier environment maintaining clean the reflectors (40); orienting an emission of the germicidal
radiation in a parallel array of beams (32), and passing the fluid medium (11) along a path aligned
with the parallel array of beams (32). The apparatus arranged so that the maximum efficiency of use
of germicidal energy achieved, energy consumption for sterilization will decrease, reliability and period
between maintenance will increas

Disinfection of water draining from plant cultures Disinfection of water draining effluent produced 1
during growth of plants by hydrophonic techniques in pots, is disinfected using the a device and the
following process. The effluent is acidic, having a pH of 3-5 and the treatment removes pathogenic
organisms, allowing the liquid to be reused on plants and supplies them with nutrients. Water draining
from the plants (2) is collected (15) and fed (19) through filter mass of glass wool (18) where
disinfection occurs, after which it can be reuse
[From equivalent EP0879323A1] A sanitary water apparatus, comprising a base pipe and a number 1
of draw-off points, a filtering apparatus (9) being included in the sanitary water apparatus (1) between
the base pipe (3) and the or at least one draw-off point (5), said filtering apparatus (9) comprising a
housing (12) provided with first connecting means (17) for a supply pipe (18) and second connecting
means (19) for a discharge pipe (20), a filter (11) being enclosed within the housing (12), said filter
(11) separating the first connecting means (17) from the second connecting means (19), in a manner
such that during use water flowing from the supply pipe (18) to the return pipe (20) must pass the filter
(11), which filter (11) is of the depth filter type, said filter (11) being arranged to filter fibers, in particular
asbestos fibers, at least from the water, said fibers included in the water being left during use in or on
the filter (11) substantially on the side facing the first connecting means (17), and absorbing means
(K), in particular activated carbon, being included near the filter (11), in a manner such that during use
bacteria left on the filter (11) are taken up by the absorbing means, so that changes of smell and taste
of the water are substantially inhibite

A semipermeable composite membrane comprising a thin semipermeable film of a polymeric material 1

deposited on one side of a microporous substrate, said polymeric material being prepared by
crosslinking a soluble polymer containing et least 30 mole0f a recurring unit of the formula $q$q
wherein all symbols are as defined in claim 1 and having at least 0.2 milliequivalent, per gram of said
polymer, of an amino group containing 1 to 2 active hydrogen atoms, with a polyfunctional compound
containing at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the amino group having 1 or 2 active
hydrogen atoms; and a process for preparing the same. The semipermeable composite membrane of
this invention is especially useful for desalination of saline or brackish water by reverse osmosis. The
membrane has good selective permeability characteristics and good chemical resistance and thermal
stability.

Apparatus for water treatment comprises a container with a removable lid member (6) providing 1
access to a water treatment chamber (4). A filter medium, such as open-cell foam (26) is located
within the chamber for filtration of water. The lid member (6) is adapted to engage the water treatment
chamber (4) to provide a substantially water tight container, such that water may be passed through
the filter medium at elevated pressure. An ultra violet emitter (42) is accommodated in a central flow
tube (43) which is surrounded by the filter medium, to provide a compact pressurised apparatus

A disinfectant composition containing less than 9.4% by volume of dimethyl benzyl lauryl ammonium
bromide, substantially pure, substantially de-ionized, substantially bacteria free water, a first stabilizer
suitable to adjust the pH of the disinfectant composition to approximately 7, ammonium sulfate
suitable to increase the strength of the composition and elevate the pH of the disinfectant composition
to approximately 8, and a third stabilizer suitable to lower the pH of the disinfectant composition back
to approximately

[From equivalent EP0930273A2] Surface water treatment assembly A water treatment assembly 1
receives a supply taken from surface water bearing a heavy load of algae. The novelty is that: (a) the
assembly has a pre-treatment stage in which ozone is dissolved in the water, killing especially
bacteria, viruses, algae and oxidising organic substances; (b) the ozone-treated water is surrendered
in the next stage in which a flocculant is added; (c) the water with flocculant agent is discharged to a
first filtration stage in which killed micro-organisms are removed, and in which the dissolved organic
carbon is removed together with the impurities causing cloudiness; (d) the filtered water is discharged
to a second flocculating stage and then a second filter stage removing the second-stage flocculant
products; (e) the second-stage filtered water is subjected to oxidation in which residual organic
substances are broken down, and (f) the water is passed through a final carbon granule filtration stag

[From equivalent EP0931766A2] Water treatment unit useful for high pressure water jet cutting 1
machine Water treatment process consists of treating water by a closed circuit process, in which
water parameters are subject to programmed adjustment by computer-controlled plant components
and are constantly monitored and regulated. A water treatment process, comprising removing
dissolved calcium and magnesium ions in a feed water treatment and softening unit and/or reducing
the content of dissolved heavy metal ions, biological constituents and ultra-fine particles in a further
unit, is a closed circuit process, in which the parameters of water hardness, conductivity, radical
content and/or heavy metal content are subject to programmed adjustment by computer-controlled
plant components and are constantly monitored and regulated. An Independent claim is also included
for a water treatment plant for water jet cutting machines, especially in combination with a high
pressure pump (HDP) and a recycling system (5), the plant comprising a water tank (4) in a closed
circuit consisting of: (a) a feed water treatment and softening unit (1) with a lime precipitation system
(2); (b) a dissolved heavy metal ion, biological constituent, radical and/or ultra-fine particle content
reduction unit (3); and/or (c) a recycling unit (5
[From equivalent EP0950639A1] A multi-stage apparatus for continuous waste water filtration, 1
comprises a first tank provided with a waste water inlet pipe to supply waste water containing
suspended solids to the tank, means for adding a coagulant to the waste water and an outlet pipe, a
second tank receiving the mixture of waste water and coagulant from the outlet pipe, the second tank
being sufficiently large to allow larger suspended solids to settle and being provided with a lower,
openable port for discharge of the settled solids and having an upper weir for discharge of partially-
cleared water, a continuously-driven, non-taut perforated belt, having a surface positioned to receive,
at a first location, a stream of the discharged, partially-cleared water, the belt perforations being sized
to enable the passage of clear water therethrough while retaining fine and coagulated solids on the
surface for subsequent discharge at a second location, and the belt being non-taut to form a trough
for retaining a body of water above the surface thereof, a load sensor in contact with the belt to
determine the combined weight of the belt and the water retained thereon and to control a motor of
the belt and the speed thereof as a function of the weight, whereby a microcake of less than 1 mm
thickness of fine and coagulated solids is formed and retained on the surface of the belt thereby
improving the filtering capacity of the belt, a water collection body being provided under the first
location for water passing through the belt perforations, and a solids collection bin being provided at
the second location, for collection of particles falling off the belt at the second location

[From equivalent EP0952120A1] The present invention is related to a purification method of metal(s) 1
containing water wherein

1. Membran stack assembly for multichamber processes of electrodialysis, dialysis and/or 1

electrometathesis with sealing frames, and plates and membranes (40, 49) resting on both sides of
the sealing frames (3) with supply and connecting bores (8-11, 14-17) on the lateral edges in such a
way that two, three or four of the solutions to be treated can be conducted through the membrane
stack, with slots to conduct one fluid each through one chamber each provided in the supply and
connecting bores on two opposed faces of each sealing frame (3), whereas only continuous
connecting bores are provided on two other opposed faces with the supply and connecting bores (8-
11, 14-17) lying on lateral edges (1, 2, 12, 13) of identical length, especially square shaped, and all
the sealing frames (3) being of the same type and arranged one behind the other, staggered by 90
degrees, 180 degrees or 270 degree

[From equivalent EP0096377A1] 1. Apparatus for the preparation of highly pure sterile water
consisting of a storage container, which is preferably fed with precleaned and partially desalinated
water, of a feed pump for feeding the water out of the storage container in series through an
absorbent carbon filter for the retention of the organic substances, at least one ion exchanger for
complete desalination and a sterile filter for the retention of germs and particles, and a tap valve from
which a pipe branches off for the return of untapped water in the circuit to the storage container,
wherein, the water in the area of the branch-off of the return line (70) and of the tap is constantly
subjected to the rays of an UV burner (66).

Plant for concentration/separation of one or more phases or components of a liquid mixture or 1

solution, essentially comprising in combination:$q$qmeans (3) for placing one or more modules (14)
at a predetermined depth to concentrate/separate the liquid by means of reverse osmosis membranes
working at the hydrostatic pressure that corresponds to the above-mentioned operating depth; means
of electricity supply for a series of pumps (2) including that for the liquid to be treated; means (4, 5, 6)
for collecting and/or recovering (lifting to the surface) of at least one separated phase of the liqui

[From equivalent EP0970919A1] A device for disinfecting water treatment units (3), such as activated 1
carbon filters and ion exchange beds, in which a heating unit (12,14) is provided to heat the water
contained in the treatment units to at least 60 degrees C, and preferably 70 degrees C, at regular
intervals. Preferably the treatment units are by-passed during the heating cycle, and the heater
(12,14) is formed around the device or installed as a separate unit, connected in serie
This modular (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) plant in miniature, has a capacity of only 1-10 ml/min. Preferred Features: 1
Modules provide aeration, removal of iron and manganese, activated carbon filtration and disinfection.
Modules are mainly cylindrical or polygonal and stand coaxially upright, in the manner of a reaction
column. A module for aeration and flocculation (2), includes adjustable spray nozzles, with a conical
impact baffle for the water jets. A solid filter bed is included in one or more modules (4, 6, 8) for iron
and manganese removal. One module comprises stacked activated carbon filters (8). A top vessel
(60) accepts a water sample for treatment. Pumps (58), flow restriction valves and/or mechanical
filters intervene between modules. The equipment is portabl

[From equivalent EP0981172A1] The present invention is directed to a hydrophilic polyolefin article 1
comprising a polyolefin article having a coating containing a surfactant and an ethylene vinyl alcohol
(EVOH) copolyme

Mechanical cleaning assembly for ultraviolet lamp protective quartz tube has float-mounted rotating
brushes designed to avoid obstruction of lamp A water sterilization unit has an ultraviolet lamp within a
protective quartz tube (4). The tube is located within a column (1) through which water flows for
treatment. The outer face of the tube (4) is mechanically cleaned from time to time by a ring-shaped
arrangement of brushes which rotate under power. The brushes are fitted to the top of a float (6)
which rises and falls under the influence of linear drive by changes in water level, deliberately induced
during the cleaning operatio

A system which has an overbase 4 of modular large baskets 42, in the form of grids (gratings) 40,
having a planar surface 41 for a stony (rocky) bed 5 seeded with a vegetable culture (crop, cultivation)
substrate and establishing a chamber between this surface and the bottom 3 of the vessel 2 in order
to recirculate the flow of water A by means of submerged pump 6 which sucks 7 the water A
underneath the bed 5 and returns it 8 to the common flow, preferably via an ionizer 9 and an
ultraviolet bactericide 10. It can be applied especially to the filtering and purification of stagnant
waters with colonies of animal life.

System for the pre-treatment of water in reverse osmosis drinking water processes. The water is 1
delivered to one or more hydrocyclones 2 where solid residues 4 of size in excess of 10 microns are
removed and then the water passes to one or more supplementary filters 8 where solid residues up to
5 microns are removed in turn, the water then being subjected to the action of ultraviolet ray
equipment 13 which removes micro-organisms present in the water, to then pass through a microfilter
system 15 to be finally subjected to a conventional reverse osmosis process.

[From equivalent US5376253] An apparatus for the continuous electrochemical desalination of 1

aqueous solutions includes a wound module having a central electrode, around which are wound an
anion exchanger membrane and a cation exchanger membrane, and an outer counterelectrode. Each
membrane is sealed at an inner edge thereof and at a outer edge by a respective clamping device, or
are anchored in a synthetic resin block, in such a way that a dilution chamber and a concentrate
chamber are defined. The dilution chamber and/or the concentrate chamber may contain an ion
exchanger resin. The central electrode and the outer counterelectrode each may have a constriction
over at least a part of the circumference thereof. The central electrode may furthermore have a recess
for receiving the inner clamping device or the inner synthetic resin block in order to achieve a winding
having as spiral a cross section as possible.

The water is passed through a number of carbon filters, eliminating, in them, the suspended solid
particles and the molecular chlorine residues and other molecular chlorine elements and other
suspended elements. The water thus treated passes via a cylinder with inner membrane in which
reverse osmosis occurs, which cylinder has two outlets, one for discharging treated water to the
mains (network) discharge or to the inlet return to the system, whilst the remaining water passes to a
tank from which it is extracted and passed through a carbon filter in which the biochemical elements
which give the water smell and taste are eliminated; the treatment of the water is supplemented with
sterilization of the water by means of ultraviolet radiation and subsequent deionization, passing finally
to a tank for supplying filtered, decontaminated water.
Process which consists in pretreating the water in a stage 8 where bacteria and the like are 1
eliminated, water 9 exiting towards a heat exchanger 4, supplied by the exhaust gases and excess
calories of an engine or turbine 1, which actuates a generator 2 which acts on a pump 5 which sends
the preheated water to a reverse-osmosis stage 6 from which the desalinated water 7 or similar liquid
exits, the surplus energy being sent to the mains 10.

Drums floating on the sea slide vertically following the variations in sea level on account of waves or 1
tides. Pistons of smaller surface area connected to them thus slide inside fixed cylinders connected to
pressure chambers into which the sea water enters via suitable valves, developing high pressures.
With suitable surface areas of drums and pistons, the pressures achieved produce desalinated water
by reverse osmosis on passing through semipermeable membranes located in the chambers. The
yield of desalinated water is proportional to the square of the tidal range or the waves. For 1m2 of
drum surface area, it is possible to produce between 10 and 250 litres of water per day with tides and
between 1 and 5m3 per day with waves. In general, desalination of sea water using wave and tide
energy, through pressure amplification, is patente

System intended for desalinating sea water by means of a device consisting of one or more modules 1
with high resistance to pressure and to corrosion which, having a suitable number of reverse osmosis
cells, is immersed at great working depths 1. All the aforesaid supported either by the vessel, platform
or any other fixed or propelled system 2; the latter element may act equally as physical support for the
pressure modules, for the various systems for transferring the desalinated water obtained at depth to
the surface, or for a storage, distribution and supply central unit. It may form an alternative to
conventional plants, including in terms of economic yield.

Seawater desalinator. The desalinator comprises various tubular bodies 1, each one of which is 1
bounded by an outer cylindrical body 7 with openings 8 and an inner cylindrical body 9 with openings
10 of smaller diameter than the above, and between the two cylinders a series of filter layers 11.
Tubular bodies 1 are mounted between a pair of concrete platforms 2 and 3, the lower of which is a
base platform and the upper of which has a sealed tank 4 for the storage of filtered water, the latter
being obtained when the whole is immersed in water which as a result of pressure passes through the
cylinders with the salts and impurities being retained in the outer cylinder 7. Through the inner
cylinder 9 the filtered water reaches the storage tank 4, after which it can be pumped by a pump 6 to
the exterior for consumption. The desalinator can be used to desalinate water without energy costs on
the basis of a filtration system which produces its own water pressure when the structure is
submerged in the sea.

Filter for the desalination of water. This comprises a series of coaxial cylindrical pipes 1, 5, 7 and 9 1
whose walls include multiple perforations 2 which decrease in size in an inward direction and whose
internal surface is covered with a sheet 3 of glass fibre soaked in white cement and powdered marble,
these chambers being closed at the top and communicating below, while the central pipe 9 is
hermetically sealed at its lower end 12 and forms the outlet 13 for the filtered water. In addition to this,
a filtering mixture based on granulated marble or powdered marble, stucco and/or stucco cement,
white cement and glass fibre is also located in the said chambers 6, 8 and 1

System for desalinating water by means of reverse osmosis, by means of an installation which 1
comprises one or more filtering chambers 7 with a reverse-osmosis membrane (diaphragm), which
consists in maintaining, in the filtering chambers with osmosis membrane, constant pressure on the
side of the water to be treated, whilst, on the side of the product water, the pressure is varied as a
function of the variations in the filtering conditions of the membrane. Use is made of an installation
which comprises a silex bed filter 3, high- pressure pumping equipment 6 with recovery turbine, one
or more filtering chambers with reverse-osmosis membrane 7, and a tank for storing product water 9.
Between the filtering chamber or chambers 7 and the storage tank 9 there is a valve 8 which controls
the pressure on the product-water side of the filtering chambers 7.
The desalinator of eg. sea water has a pump (6), a semi-permeable membranes based reverse 1
osmosis set (1) yielding desalinated water (d) and waste water (r), and at least one multi-stage
centrifugal pump (2). The pump (2) is in parallel with a Pelton turbine (3,3'), and an alternator (4,4') is
also fitted. A first top tank (5) connected to the waste water outlet and a second top tank (5') is
connected to a bottom tank (7'). The water is raised to tanks (5,5') at electricity off-peak supply times
for discharge into the turbin

The apparatus contains two or more alternately pressurized supply chambers (5,5') and a high 1
pressure pump (2) in parallel with a circulation pump (3). Each supply chamber forms a closed circuit
with the water always flowing continuously in the same direction inside it. The water desalination
apparatus using reverse osmosis and containing pressurized supply chambers forming a continuous
kinetic cycle comprises two or more supply chambers alternately pressurized, and a high pressure
pump arranged in parallel with the circulation pump. Each supply chamber forms a closed circuit,
preferably in a toroidal shape but possibly an oval, zigzag, helical or other shape, so that the water
always flows continuously in the same direction inside the chambe

Potassium permanganate is added to remove organic and living material and excess permanganate 1
is neutralized with a reducing agent before the sea water is filtered. A method for pre-treating sea
water intended for desalination by reverse osmosis comprises the following steps : (a) collecting sea
water via an open inlet ; (b) adding sufficient potassium permanganate at the point of collection so
that most, if not all, organic and living material in the water is eliminated ; (c) neutralizing excess
potassium permanganate with a reducing agent before the sea water is passed through the gravel
filters ; and (d) optionally altering the pH of the sea water to ca. 7 before it is passed through the fine
filter

Machine for sterilising water.This machine includes a head (1) equipped with an inlet (2) for the water
to be treated, internal conduits (3) which intercommunicate with the different removable recipients (4,
5 and 6) attached thereto and an outlet (7) for the sterilised water; inside recipient (4) there is a silver-
impregnated ceramic cartridge (8); inside recipient (5) there is a silver-impregnated activated carbon
cartridge (9) and inside recipient (6) there is an ultraviolet lamp (10), and tubing (11) which carries the
water from the previous recipients to the bottom of this recipient (6), ending in a loop (11a) which
circulates the water around the lamp (10) in a rising spiral trajectory. The machine's operation is
controlled by a built-in electric circuit.

The production plant of desalinated water by inverse osmosis has a vertical riser pipe with a 1
cylindrical membrane (1), a filter (2) and water ascent (3) and descent (5) retention valves. A water
pump (6), a forechamber (7) and a raw water feed line (8) with lateral holes in it, a rejected water
evacuator (9), and control cables are also fitte

The reverse osmosis water desalination pressure pipes distribution system has a series of osmosis 1
diaphragms (2) in a pressure pipe (1) with a central salt water input (4) and terminals (6,6') for the
exiting desalinated water (7). The pipe (1) can have a central connection (5) for feed of the
subsequent pressure pipes in parallel with the first pipe (1
The bacteriological equipment for water treatment involves a lengthened recipient (2) with an internal
tube for location of an ultraviolet lamp (3) and at least one transparent parallel plastic tube (9) next to
the lamp for circulation of water to be treated, from an inlet conduit to one for outlet located in the
closed bases or blind covers (5) of the lengthened recipient. Also inside the recipient are the lamp
electrical feed cables, which cross one of the covers (5) coming from a watertight box (14) via a
connection hose (13). In the watertight box are located the feeder (15) and reactance (17) of the lam

The system is for desalination of water based on wind power in isolated systems lacking production of 1
electrical energy. The system comprises a windmill with a movable column sustained by a series of
retentive bearings, the blades of the mill being connected to its external shaft. The mill is connected
directly to a high pressure pump which in turn is connected via a valve to a turbine joined to a pump
for extraction of water from a well. The water is transported to a tank, part of it is returned to the high
pressure pump, and the remainder flows to a system for recovery of energy. A system is provided,
equipped with a mini-turbine and an auxiliary pump connected with a system of inverse osmosis
membranes, in turn connected with a drinking water tan

The water desalination membrane tube compact chamber global connector has modular groups of 1
membrane tubes (5) with couplings for the tube inlets (6). The couplings have two inputs (2,4) for the
injected water and two outputs (2',4') for the brine and the reject water. Each tube (5) incorporates a
desalinated water collection pipe linked to a control tank.

[From equivalent US6524478] In an apparatus for filtering and separating fluids by reverse osmosis or 1
by micro-, ultra-, and nano filtration, including a plurality of spaced planar filter elements arranged in
stacks in spaced relationship so that their surfaces can be contacted by the fluids for the collection of
permeate from the fluids within the filter elements, at least one draining rod having a central draining
passage extends through the stack of filter elements and has openings disposed in each filter element
for collecting the permeate from the respective filter elements, and a vacuum generating means is
connected to a permeate discharge which is in communication with the draining rod passages for
generating a vacuum in each filter element.

The method involves decalcifying and dechlorifying stage, which includes applying certain mineral
and microbiological content to obtain hardness free and chlorine residue free water. The obtained
water from decalcifying and dechlorifying process is applied to inverse osmosis. The demineralized
water is disinfected by applying ultraviolet radiation. The biocidal element is added to demineralized
water and the microbiological content is eliminate

The hot and cold water source has a vertical cabinet that is divided into two spaces. A water treatment
system is provided, which is composed of activated carbon filter. An electronic circuit ultraviolet lamp,
other open upper hot and cold water, a water heater and a refrigerator are also provided. An entrance
is provided in the back of a wire grid. The faucet and drain has an entrance in water pipe network of
the condenser through flexible adjusted length. The electronic circuit records the elapsed time and
flow of water filtration to warn on a panel fitted with light emitting diod
The seawater desalination method involves introducing seawater inside a rotating cylinder, whose 1
side wall is a semi-permeable filtration membrane. The cylinder is included in a cylinder envelope,
which contains the water passing through the membrane by the effect of centrifugal force to turn high-
speed cylinder for carrying out filtration by reverse osmosis. The water molecules are forced to spread
across the membrane of the rotating cylinder. Salt extracting medium and desalinated water
evacuation medium are also provided. An independent claim is also included for a device for
desalination of seawate

Sistema de control remoto para dispositivos purificadores de agua. El sistema que permita controlar 1
la calidad del agua producida por el dispositivo, así como el buen funcionamiento del mismo,
pudiéndose llevar dicho control de forma remota a través de un centro de control (14). Para ello, y a
partir de la estructuración básica convencional de cualquier purificador de agua doméstico, la
invención comprende un microcontrolador o microprocesador (9) al que están asociados
eléctricamente una electroválvula (10) y un caudalímetro (11), dispuestos a la entrada del filtro de
partículas (2), así como una pareja de sensores de concentración de residuos secos (12) y (13)
situados a la entrada y a la salida (7) del filtro de ósmosis inversa, a partir de los parámetros
tomados, el microcontrolador controla la calidad del agua, de manera que a través de un módulo de
comunicaciones (15) se comunica con un centro remoto de control (14) a través del que se puede
actuar sobre el dispositivo, programando igualmente las labores de mantenimient

Procedimiento para monitorizar y controlar un sistema de filtrado, comprendiendo dicho 1

procedimiento las etapas de: i) determinar valores de resistencia de elementos de filtrado usados en
el sistema (5) de filtrado en momentos predeterminados durante un ciclo de lavado a contracorriente
del sistema monitorizando varios parámetros de funcionamiento del sistema; ii) calcular un valor de
eficacia de lavado a contracorriente representativo de la eficacia del ciclo de lavado a contracorriente
del sistema (5) de filtrado usando los valores de resistencia determinados en i), donde y BE = eficacia
de lavado a contracorriente, y R i = resistencia en el momento i, donde i = 1 indica justo después del
lavado a contracorriente previo, i =2 justo antes del lavado a contracorriente en cuestión e i = 3 justo
después del lavado a contracorriente en cuestión; y iii) controlar operaciones del sistema de filtrado
en dependencia de los valores de la eficacia de lavado a contracorriente calculad

Equipo desalador.La invención se refiere a un equipo desalador, cuya evidente finalidad es la de 1

conseguir agua dulce a partir del agua de mar, en base a un proceso directo por ósmosis inversa,
estando previsto el equipo para su implantación preferente y fundamentalmente a bordo de buques,
la invención comprende tres módulos independientes, asociados funcionalmente entre sí, uno
correspondiente a una bomba de alimentación de agua de mar, otro correspondiente a un filtro de
arena de silex, y el tercero, como módulo principal, para el control del funcionamiento en el proceso
potabilizador. En este tercer módulo se establece un filtro de cartuchos múltiple, por el que pasa el
agua procedente del filtro de arena de silex, antes de alcanzar unos módulos de ósmosis inversa, por
impulsión a través de una bomba de alta presión, y en cuyos módulos de ósmosis inversa se
establecen dos salidas, una de salmuera y otra de agua potable que es recogida en un depósito de
almacenamiento. El equipo un depósito de productos químicos o cloro y bombas de dosificación y de
trasiego para envío del agua potabilizada y clorada hacia la correspondiente red de llenado del
buque en el que se aplica el equip
[From equivalent US7964103] A water treatment system is provided having an encapsulate manifold 1
with a reverse osmosis cartridge and one or more filter cartridges. The filter cartridge includes a
detent for being received within a slot in the manifold head for secure locking engagement. The water
treatment system further includes a single probe conductivity monitoring system for monitoring the
performance of a reverse osmosis membrane. The water treatment system is also provided in a
modular arrangement wherein manifold heads are physically and fluidly coupled together via a clip
which interfaces with the modular manifold heads. The water treatment system also allows for a
retrofit application to include a permeate pump. The cartridges are also designed to provide a
minimum annular inlet gap to minimize spillage during changing of the cartridges.

[From equivalent GB2068774A] In a reverse osmosis plant for desalinating seawater or brackish 1
water the osmosis cell or cells (1) are located at a level sufficiently below the saline water supply (6)
and the brine discharge point (8) so that the hydrostatic pressure resulting from head (2) provides the
major component of the pressure at the saline side of the osmosis cell or cells needed to bring about
reverse osmosis. The osmosis cell or cells may be located about 500 metres underground and
purified water pumped (9) from the cell or cells to the surface. By this means the power consumption
of the plant is substantially less than that of a conventional reverse osmosis plant.

SISTEMA DE DESALINIZACION DE AGUA POR OSMOSIS INVERSA, CON RECUPERACION DE 1

PRESION. CONSISTE EN ALIMENTAR EL MODULO DE OSMOSIS INVERSA, DE AGUA A TRATAR
A TRAVES DE DOS CAUDALES INDEPENDIENTES Y COMPLEMENTARIOS, UNO
SUMINISTRADO DIRECTAMENTE DEL EXTERIOR A TRAVES DE UNA BOMBA DE PRESION
BASICA Y OTRO MEDIANTE UN DISPOSITIVO RECUPERADOR DE PRESION CONSTITUIDO
POR UNA CAMARA CILINDRICA EN LA QUE ACTUA UN EMBOLO QUE LA COMPARTIMENTA EN
DOS CAMARAS DE VOLUMEN VARIABLE, UNA DE LAS CUALES CONTIENE EL AGUA A TRATAR
Y LA OTRA DESTINADA A RECIBIR LA SALMUERA DE RECHAZO OBTENIDA TRAS EL PROCESO
DE OSMOSIS INVERSA.

N/A 1

[From equivalent FR2452289A1] L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN APPAREIL POUR STERILISER 1

UN LIQUIDE ET DE PREFERENCE POUR STERILISER DE L'EAU. POUR REALISER UN APPAREIL
SIMPLE ET SUR A TRAVERS LEQUEL LE LIQUIDE NE PASSE QUE LORSQUE L'APPAREIL A
ATTEINT UNE CAPACITE DE STERILISATION SUFFISANTE, L'APPAREIL COMPORTE UNE
SOURCE 22 DE LUMIERE ULTRA-VIOLETTE, UN CAPTEUR DE CHALEUR 21 ET UN CAPTEUR
D'INTENSITE LUMINEUSE 23, CES DEUX CAPTEURS ETANT RELIES A UN ROBINET 13
COMMANDANT L'ECOULEMENT DU LIQUIDE A TRAVERS L'APPAREIL. L'INVENTION EST
EGALEMENT RELATIVE A UN FILTRE 11 QUE TRAVERSE LE LIQUIDE AVANT D'ATTEINDRE LA
SOURCE LUMINEUSE 22, LE FILTRE COMPRENANT UN ECHANGEUR D'ANIONS, UN
ECHANGEUR DE CATIONS ET DU CARBONE ACTIF.

[From equivalent FR2503129A1] L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN DISPOSITIF DE PRODUCTION 1

D'EAU DOUCE APPELE A ETRE IMMERGE AU COEUR DU MILIEU MARIN DU TYPE
COMPRENANT AU MOINS UNE MEMBRANE SEMI-PERMEABLE SELECTIVE 9 D'OSMOSE
INVERSE.CE DISPOSITIF COMPREND TROIS ETAGES; UN PREMIER ETAGE CONSTITUE PAR
DES MOYENS DE RECUEIL DE L'EAU DOUCE PRODUITE 2, UN DEUXIEME ETAGE CONSTITUE
PAR UNE CHAMBRE HAUTE PRESSION 12 EQUIPEE DE LA MEMBRANE SEMI-PERMEABLE 9
QUI EST INTERPOSEE ENTRE CETTE CHAMBRE ET LES MOYENS DE RECUEIL D'EAU DOUCE,
ENFIN UN TROISIEME ETAGE COMPRENANT UN PISTON MOBILE 14 ET UNE CHAMBRE
ETANCHE SOUS ATMOSPHERE GAZEUSE 13. LE PISTON EST AGENCE POUR PENETRER SUR
UNE PROFONDEUR VARIABLE DANS LA CHAMBRE HAUTE PRESSION 12 PAR UNE FACE 14B
DE SURFACE UTILE S ET COMPREND UNE FACE OPPOSEE 14A DE SURFACE UTILE S
SUPERIEURE A LA SURFACE S, AGENCEE POUR SE TROUVER A LA PRESSION DU MILIEU
MARIN.
[From equivalent FR2551989A1] A membrane separator wherein a substance is separated out by 1
employing a semipermeable membrane to obtain either a dilute or a concentrated solution or both.
The most economical operation of the membrane separator obtains a maximum amount of a desired
liquid with minimum energy, that is, minimizing the amount of energy required per unit of obtained
solution. Hitherto, minimum power is obtained at the maximum pressure corresponding to the
performance of the semipermeable membrane; consequently, the energy required is not the
minimum. According to the invention, there is provided a membrane separator comprising a flow rate
controller provided with a control circuit for calculating the minimum necessary power at the flow rate
of a dilute or concentrated solution, set according to the pump performance curve, the power-
recovering means performance curve and the relationship between the concentration and osmotic
pressure of a solute in the solution, wherein the power-recovering means performance curve is also
taken into consideration. An embodiment of the invention is provided with a means for detecting the
flow rate of a liquid supplied to the membrane separator or of a concentrated or dilute solution
therefrom, and a control circuit for adjusting a pressure-regulating valve or a power-recovering means
so that the value from the flow rate detecting means is coincident with the theoretical flow rate in the
system. Alternately, the flow rate detecting means is provided with, as a pressure detecting means, a
control circuit for adjusting the pressure-regulating valve or the power-recovering means so that the
value indicated by the pressure detecting means is coincident with the pressure corresponding to the
theoretical pressure in the system. The flow rate or pressure detecting means is disposed between a
pump and a semipermeable membrane or in the part of a piping for concentrated solution which is on
the downstream side of the semipermeable membran

[From equivalent FR2573062A1] The plant for the treatment of liquids is of the type comprising a 1
regenerable filter and is particularly well suited for water treatment under difficult conditions and for
any flow rates (obtaining drinking water from backwaters and other watercourses). It is characterised
in that it comprises a compressor intended to establish compressed air in a storage tank 1 which is to
contain the liquid to be treated A. A motor-driven compressor 6 and a manual compressor 3 are
provided here in the event that it is impossible to employ the motor-driven compressor 6. The
compressed air is intended, on the one hand to drive the liquid to be treated A through an orifice 10, a
pipe 12, a pipe 15 and optionally a flocculation enclosure 21 as far as the filter 18 and, on the other
hand, to regenerate the latter using an air purge (the storage tank 1 being then empty) via the orifice
10, the pipe 12, a pipe 16 and an entry 19.

[From equivalent CA1270447A1] Device for the ultrafiltration of a pressurised high temperature liquid 1
OF THE TECHNICAL CONTENT OF THE INVENTION The device possesses, inside a pressure-
resistant casing (1), a second casing (11), to which are fastened tube plates (15,16) carrying tubes
(14) forming the ultrafiltration wall, and a first set of partitions inside the second casing (1) for
channelling the flow of the filtrate. A second set of partitions (27) arranged in the casing (11) above the
upper tube plate (16) and partitions placed in the casing (1) underneath the lower tube plate (15)
make it possible to channel the fluid to be purified and the concentrate. The part of the filter which
incorporates the tubes (14) can easily be removed. The fluid circulates at a constant rate in all parts of
the filter.

[From equivalent FR2587233A1] a. The invention relates to a disposable cartridge for an apparatus 1
for the filtration and/or treatment of liquid or gaseous fluids. b. It comprises a first plate 2 forming its
entry side, a second plate 3 forming its exit side, between which a filtering and/or treatment layer 16 is
arranged, characterised in that a membrane 22 filtering the bacteria is placed directly on the first plate
2 and that the peripheral edges 23 of the membrane 22 are held by an intermediate component 24
compressed by the second plate 3 fitted tightly into the first plate 2. c. Application to water purification.

[From equivalent US4740301] The invention concerns an apparatus for purifying primary water so as 1
to produce in batchwise manner potable fresh water by reverse osmosis in the course of
discontinuous operational stages. This apparatus comprises a primary-water chamber (3), a stopper
(7) to fill it, a potable-water collecting connector (12) and stub, a semi-permeable membrane (10)
housed in the chamber (3), a movable piston (15) which may enter said chamber between a retracted
position and a maximum penetration position, and mechanical means to drive the piston which
include an intake handcrank (23), two meshing gears (18, 22) and a screw (17) driven by one of the
gears and supporting the piston. The dimensions of the chamber (3) are such that its total available
capacity (V1) is at least three times the volume (V2) swept by the piston in its displacement between
the retracted and the maximum-penetration positions.
[From equivalent FR2607129A1] Devices for the production, starting with raw water, of sterilised
water at different temperatures, consisting: of a metering device 119 for sterilising products used for
the chemical treatment of the raw water; of an irradiation chamber 56 for treating the raw water with
260-nm ultraviolet radiation, comprising exposure fields 57 and a drying system 177; of a vent 90 for
filtering and sterilising with 260-nm ultraviolet radiation the air which is to enter the various devices; of
a metering device 120 for delivering sterilised water intended for the preparation of beverages. This
device comprises a graduated and transparent storage vessel 125 and a protected water-drawing
device 134; accessories for bringing to temperature, handling and transport of feeding bottles or
packaged foodstuffs for children, such as the modulable casing 140, the tray for a sliding drawer and
its cover 161; a dispenser 121 for filling feeding bottles, packages for foodstuff or freeze-dried
beverage preparations, comprising a lagged storage vessel 11a, a compression chamber 12a and a
mechanism 25, 49 for volumetric measurements; a generator 117 for instantaneous hot water for the
preparation of hot beverages, comprising a static primary 63, 65 employing an organic fluid heated to
high temperature and a secondary of helical shape 64 where the liquid to be heated circulates; a
syphon 180 made up of three compartments 98, 99 and 116, arranged to avoid any propagations of
pathogenic microorganisms, countercurrentwise to the discharge circuits.

[From equivalent US4944875] Heat-welded or adhesive-bonded unitary construction cartridge for the 1
production of ultrapure water. The invention concerns a device and an assembly method for the
production of ultrapure water. The device is constituted of tubes (1) containing the water treatment
elements joined by two end plates (2 and 3) by adhesive-bonding or heat-welding. Grids (6) disposed
between the tubes (1) and the end plates (2 and 3) retain the resin or carbon balls. Connector
terminations (5) provide a hydraulic connection to a control unit. Lateral grooves or projections (19)
are used to fix the cartridge by means of quick-release fasteners. The filter (11 + 12 + 16 + 17) is
mounted in the tube (1) by means of an adapter (11) which also provides a seal between the inlet and
outlet sides of the filter.; Holes are provided in the connector terminations (5) and the partitions (7) of
the end plates to enable selection of the path of fluid in the water treatment elements. The device in
accordance with the invention is intended for use in chemical and microbiological analysis
laboratories and in research institutions.

[From equivalent FR2617155A1] Device for filtering raw water with a view to making it drinkable and 1
comprising a water delivery pump and a percolation filter tube. It comprises a first cartridge 4 for
biological filtration, attached to a base 5 and connected by internal tubing to a second cartridge 8 for
chemical filtration, the pump 3 being fitted directly onto the lighter cartridge 4 in order to produce a
unit which can be carried on a person's back with the aid of a frame with shoulder straps 2.
Application to in-situ filtration of water highly laden with suspended and dissolved matter, with a view
to making it drinkable.

[From equivalent FR2628337A1] An appts. for filtration and purificn. of fluids, esp. liqs. such as water, 1
by means of membranes or by tangential filtration and an adsorbent, esp. active carbon, operates as
a sealed loop circuit, with the adsorbent being introduced into the stream of fluid to be treated and fed
with this to a filtration unit comprising at least one membrane or a tangential filtration unit, through
which part of the fluid to be treated passes, while the remainder of the mixt. of fluid to be treated and
adsorbent is returned to the loop followed by additional fluid to be treated. USE/ADVANTAGE - The
appts. provides a combination of membrane filtration (micro- or ultrafiltration) with an adsorbent
treatment to remove dissolved organic materials which are not retained by the filtration. The process
provides good removal of suspended solids (turbidity) and dissolved organic substances in wate

[From equivalent FR2638100A1] Apparatus for water treatment comprising a housing 1 containing a 1
cartridge 4 filled with substance P ensuring the water treatment, a tubular filter 5 being introduced into
the funnel 44 of the cartridge 4. Water to be treated is introduced through the feed conduit 35 into the
upper part of the filter 5 where, on the one hand, it travels from the top downwards and passes
through the filter 5 from the inside outwards. The filtered water then travels from the bottom upwards
through the cartridge 4 containing the substance P for water treatment. It is then discharged through
an exit conduit 36 into the upper part of the housing 1.
Antiscale water treatment by filtration after heating and magnetic or electronic emission upstream. 1
The invention relates to a device which makes it possible to treat the furring limestone deposit without
contamination or introduction of chemical products, in a continuous, preventive and curative manner.
The filtration of calcium carbonate is made possible after heating and precipitation, in the form of
vaterite particles, by virtue of the treatment obtained by passing the water to be treated through a
succession of magnetic fields, in a treatment chamber with emissive electrodes or coils, at specific
frequency and powe

Apparatus which functions automatically and is entirely autonomous. The invention relates to an
autonomous and automated apparatus making polluted water perfectly potable. The apparatus
consists successively of various specified filters according to: - 5 A sand and flint prefilter; - 7 A
physical filter on flint; - 8 A filter with active carbons; - 9 A physical filter on textile bag; - 10 A
bacteriological filter, which are fed by a pump 6 filling a safety reserve 13 in which the water contained
is continuously recycled by another pump 11 through an ultraviolet steriliser 12 in order to reserve its
salubrity and for feeding by gravity a dispensing device 14. This apparatus according to its invention is
intended particularly for making polluted water potable.

[From equivalent EP436409B1] According to the invention, titanium dioxide, either pure or on a 1
support, is employed as a water-insoluble heterogeneous catalyst in a reactor with stationary packing
or with a fluidized bed. A homogenous catalyst of the type of iron or other metal salt may also be
added to the water to be treated.

[From equivalent US5271830] An installation for the filtration and cleansing of liquids, notably water, 1
of the type having a loop for the circulation of the water to be treated, including at least one tangential
filtration membrane, comprising a new tangential membrane filtration installation, with ozone injection,
enabling the surface, internal and chemical clogging of the membrane to be restricted. The installation
includes means for the addition of an oxidizing gas to the liquid to be treated, in the loop upstream of
the membrane, so as to form microbubbles of said gas with a size such that they create turbulence in
the liquid at the membrane and this turbulence, combined with the phenomenon of oxidation, restricts
the clogging of said membrane and leads to an improvement in the flow rate and in the
physical/chemical qualities of the filtrate. If necessary, it includes means for the injecting of chemical
reagents and/or absorbents into the filtration loop.

N/A 1

[From equivalent FR2665893A1] The objective of the invention is to regulate automatically the effect
of a constant field of forces on a moving fluid regardless of the instantaneous flow rate of said fluid.
The case of a magnetic water conditioner is examined below. The apparatus is made up of a number
of mutually parallel permanent magnets (1) arranged with a position of polarity. A shutter (5) actuated
by a spring (6) is placed in the gap (2). In operation, the pressure difference between (3) and (4)
pushes back the shutter (5) whose shape, adapted to the shape of the magnets (1), creates 2 lamina
flows (8) of variable thickness. Since the distance from the shutter is a function of the flow rate, an
automatic regulation of the thickness of the 2 flows (8) is thus obtained. In addition to the treatment of
hard water, these regulators can be adopted in applications such as gas distribution, UV radiation,
heat exchanges etc.
[From equivalent US5066402] A method of changing operating modes in automatic water filtering 1
apparatus comprising inside-skin tubular membrane modules for filtering water, the possible filtering
modes being: dead-end filtering; cross-flow filtering; and cross-flow filtering with continuous purging;
both cross-flow filtering modes including recirculation in a loop; wherein two types of triggering are
provided for filter membrane backwashes, a first one of said types being related to time periods
between two backwashes, which time periods are predetermined for each mode of filtering, and a
second one of said types being related to reference values of an operating parameter of the automatic
apparatus, which values are predetermined for each mode of filtering; with the mode of filtering being
changed after a backwash has been triggered in response to one of the reference values, with
changes taking place in the following order: dead-end filtering, cross-flow filtering, cross-flow filtering
with continuous purging, or vice versa.

[From equivalent FR2682615A1] Automatic modulation of the effect of a stable electromagnetic field
on a fluid whose instantaneous flow rate is very variable, by instantaneous modification of the
geometry (dimensions, shapes) of chambers (5) in which the fluid is subjected to the electromagnetic
fluxes (4). The devices according to the invention include movable and/or elastic and/or malleable
components which move and/or are deformed as a function of the differential of the pressure of the
fluid, thus instantly adapting the volume of the treatment chambers (5). The apparatus provided with
these automatic regulation devices will have a constant efficiency because the essential parameters
of the treatment (fluid velocity and time of exposure to the fields) will be practically constant
regardless of the instantaneous flow rate. In addition to the treatment of hard water, these regulators
can be adopted in applications such as gas distribution, UV radiation, heat exchanges etc.

N/A 1

[From equivalent FR2697446A1] Process for treating a fluid containing suspended and/or dissolved 1
material uses a separating membrane. An adsorption and/or filtration additive (the feed additive) is
added to the fluid to be treated and a back-washing additive is added to the back-washing fluid. The
back-washing additive is chosen such that it can be neutralised by the feed additive and one allows a
sufficient contact time after the ejection of the back-washing fluid for the neutralisation to take place.
The resulting product is separated into a concentrated solid residual product and a fluid that can be
recycled to the start. Appts. comprises a feed (1,2) for the fluid to be treated; a pipe (2a) with a pump
(Po) sending the fluid into a separation module (3); a device for injecting the feed additive into the
fluid, with eventual recycling of the untreated fluid through a pipe (6) and pump (P1). The device also
comprises a back-washing assembly with a pump (P2) lifting the extracted material into a collection
drum (5) and a device for adding the back-washing additive (7,P3) characterised in that the back-
washing output is sent to a collection drum (9) from which it is removed by a pump (P4) through a
pipe (10) via a separation device (11). From this a concentrated residue of solid material exits through
a pipe (13) to a drum (14) and a recycled fluid exits through a pipe (14) to the start (1,2). Alternatively,
the back-washing output is sent to a contact/separation device (16) where it stays for long enough to
produce a concentrated residue of solid material sent to a drum (14) through a pipe (13) and a
recycled fluid sent through a pipe (12) to the start (1,2). USE/ADVANTAGE - Fluid is treated to extract
material in suspension or in solution (claimed), for example treating water to make it potable. This
system increases the flow through the filter membranes by 30-40%, and the back-washing output is
separated and partially recycled, thus reducing the amount of waste to be disposed o
[From equivalent US5607593] A water-treatment installation, notably with a view to making water 1
potable, includes a reactor demarcating at least one treatment chamber, the reactor comprising a
conveying assembly to convey the water to be treated into the chamber; a removing assembly for
removing the floated pollutants and a removing assembly for removing the decanted pollutants; a
plurality of filtration membranes laid out within the chamber and submerged in the water to be treated;
a demarcating assembly for demarcating a filtration zone around each of the membranes; carrying
and circulating member guiding a current of water to be treated in the filtration zone along a preferred
direction, the carrying and circulating member including ozone-injection assembly; and a recovering
assembly recovering the permeate at an outlet of the filtration membranes.

N/A 1

[From equivalent FR2725710A1] Device to desalinate sea water uses energy from water waves, surf 1
or swell. Device comprises moving unit (1) pivots on hinges (2) on a fixed member (4) fixed into the
ground forming the water reservoir. The pumps (3) work with a reverse osmosis action to give sweet
water into a closed reservoir. The moving section is activated by sea movement, to operate the
pumps by its up and down motion. The moving section is of plastics, such as polyester resin, with
stainless steel hinges. The section (4) implanted in the ground (7) forms a central reservoir. It has a
series of pumps and reverse osmosis desalination systems. The pumps are in pairs on a chamfered
edge at the hinge sides, each with a reverse osmosis system. The lower section of the reservoir (4)
has single pumps (6) to deliver sweet water to outer channel

L'invention concerne un dispositif perfectionné de traitement d'eau par irradiation ultraviolette. Ce

dispositif est du type dans lequel plusieurs tubes d'irradiation UV tels que (13) sont répartis dans un
volume de circulation d'eau délimité par une enceinte cylindrique (1) et un tube central (4). Le
tube central (4) comporte un tronçon amont (5) adapté pour que la vitesse de l'eau présente une
composante radiale centrifuge, une composante tangentielle et une composante longitudinale vers
l'aval. A l'autre extrémité, le tube central comporte un tronçon aval (7) de prélèvement de
l'eau traitée. Le dispositif assure dans le volume de circulation d'eau où s'effectue le traitement, un
régime d'écoulement caractérisé par un bon mélange des filets d'eau, une répartition des
durées de passage statistiquement identique pour chaque molécule d'eau et une faible perte de
charg

[From equivalent FR2751336A1] L'invention concerne des polyphénols linéaires, leur procédé de 1
préparation, des agents complexants et un procédé pour séparer le sodium, du césium d'effluents
aqueux.Le but de l'invention est d'améliorer la sélectivité entre le sodium et le césium.Ce but est
atteint à l'aide d'un procédé consistant à:- ajouter à l'effluent aqueux à traiter, au moins un agent
complexant le césium répondant à la formule (I):(CF DESSIN DANS BOPI)dans laquelle n est un
nombre entier allant de 5 à 10, puis à- faire passer ledit effluent à travers une membrane poreuse
chargée ou une membrane de nanofiltration en appliquant entre les deux faces opposées de ladite
membrane, une différence de pression, de façon à recueillir un perméat contenant du sodium
appauvri en césium et un rétentat enrichi en césium.

An ultra-violet discharge lamp with no electrode consists of the discharge tube (11), with an excitable
coil (12) wound around it. These are fitted inside a casing (13) made of a material transparent to ultra-
violet rays. Feed cables (15) leading to the coils pass through the casing via water tight seals (14
[From equivalent FR2760445A1] Treatment of water containing organic micro-contaminants and
microorganisms is carried out by a photocatalysis process in which UV radiation is directed onto a thin
water film formed on a surface provided with a superficial thin photocatalyst laye

Membranes semi-perméables ayant un flux d'eau élevé stable, rejetant un pourcentage 1

élevé de petites molécules organiques tout en permettant le passage de pourcentages de
dureté sensiblement supérieurs, formées en saturant un substrat microporeux avec une solution
aqueuse de pipérazine et une petite quantité d'au moins un additif polaire soluble dans l'eau, et
ensuite en créant de manière interfaciale une couche ultrafine à perméabilité sélective par
une réaction de polymérisation avec un halogénure de polyacyl aromatique dans une solution
organique. Des exemples d'additif de ce type, qui peuvent être utilisés, soit de manière
individuelle soit en combinaison, comprennent des polyols, le PVA et le PEG, les aminopyrimidines,
les diols alkyles inférieurs, les alcools, les alcanols, les cétones, les esters d'acides organiques,
les éthers d'alcool, les pyrrolidones, et le LiC

[From equivalent FR2766811A1] Un procédé pour le traitement des effluents contenus dans les eaux 1
de lavage en provenance de sauces de couchage usées comporte les étapes suivantes : - on dilue
les effluents prélevés pour obtenir une concentration en matières sèches de l'ordre de 1, 5 %à 3 %,-
on sépare les matières sèches en suspension dans les effluents au moyen d'un bac décanteur
centrifuge 10 pour obtenir un concentrat contenant principalement des pigments avec une
concentration de matières sèches de l'ordre de 50 à 60 %, et un liquide surnageant renfermant les
liants, notamment de l'amidon, du latex et des additifs dilués dans l'eau, - on introduit le liquide
surnageant dans un dispositif d'ultrafiltration 36 tangentielle pour séparer les matières sèches diluées
dans l'eau au moyen d'une membrane ayant un pouvoir de coupure de 20 à 50 manomètres, de
manière à obtenir un perméat contenant de l'eau et des matières dissoutes de faibles poids
moléculaires traversant la membrane, et un rétentat renfermant les matières en suspension des liants
avec une concentration de 10% à 30 %, - on mélange ensuite le concentrat et le rétentat pour obtenir
une sauce de couchage avec une concentration de l'ordre de 35% à 50 % susceptible d'être
réintroduite dans les sauces fraîches à hauteur de 5 % à 15 % du débit de consommation.

N/A 1

[From equivalent FR2774309A1] La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de filtration 1

d'un liquide, utilisant un dispositif (1) de séparation que l'on alimente avec ledit liquide qui est
pressurisé, dans lequel on recueille d'une part un concentrat et d'autre part un perméat; selon la
présente invention, on utilise l'énergie du concentrat pour déplacer un piston de
récupération servant à entraîner, par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison mécanique, la pompe Ã
pisto
[From equivalent FR2780718A1] A water purifier monitoring unit comprises measuring devices 1
associated with indicator lights, a safety system and a low power electronic control board. A
monitoring unit, for a water purifier comprising a particle filter (4), an UV sterilizer lamp (15) and an
active carbon filter (8), has: (a) a measuring system comprising a flow regulator (2), an inlet pressure
detector (3), a photodetector (7), an outlet pressure detector (9) and a programmable electronic timer
(14); (b) a control system comprising a green light (17) indicating good operation, a yellow light (18)
indicating filter clogging and a red light (19) indicating an insufficient UV dose; (c) a safety system
acting on a bistable inlet valve (1); and (d) a low power electronic board for controlling all the systems.
Preferred Features: The active carbon is treated with silver (especially vacuum deposited silver to
prevent metallic silver release into the treated water) or titanium oxide for generating nascent oxygen
to provide a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect. The unit has a photovoltaic generator supplying a
battery (22) for powering the sterilizing lamp (15) when mains electricity is not available. Indicator
lights (25-27) indicate the charge state of the battery for extending battery life, the red indicator light
being actuated a certain time before complete battery discharge. An electric water feed pump is
provided for use in regions where potable water and electricity supplies are not available. The unit
may be contained in an attache case (28), the photovoltaic generator being deployed horizontally or
at an adjustable angle while the water purifier is held vertically for immediate and convenient use. Two
sterilizing lamps may be provided, one being installed within the particle filter cartridge and the other
being installed within the active carbon filter cartridg

[From equivalent FR2784304A3] The cover (2) for the top of the filter casing (1) has a central 1
opening (9) for receiving the hollow core (10) of a filter cartridge (8). This central opening can be
sealed with a stopper (11) capable of receiving an additional functional part incorporated inside the
core. The functional part can be a plastic container filled with chlorine tablets, a heat exchanger for
heating the water, a salt cartridge for salt treatment of the water, or a UV irradiation unit for the wate

[From equivalent FR2784983A1] The basin for the biological treatment of water has a water
circulation system (17) to give a water flow from the swimming pool (1) towards the biological basin
(2). The water flows give a balanced ecosystem and prevent the accumulation of sediment in the
swimming pool. (2) contains aquatic plants and a filter mass (7) to treat the water. The treated water is
returned to the swimming pool by the circulation system. An aquatic garden (3) is in the water path
between (1) and (2), forming a balanced ecosystem. The pump (18) of the water circulation system
(17) pumps the filtered water into a pump reservoir (13). An overpressure transfers the water into the
swimming pool (1). The water is taken from the lower level (22) of the swimming pool (1) through a
siphon (23) to the aquatic garden if in place or directly to the biological basin. The aquatic garden flow
is by gravity across collectors to return to the biological basin (2). The water in the biological basin (2)
is filtered through the filter mass, to be drained, and the filtered water (19) returns to the pump
reservoir (13) or the swimming pool (1) after decontamination by an ultra violet system (14). The filter
mass (7) at the biological basin (2) is of a porous material with planted aquatic vegetation to block the
development of micro growths. The filter mass material also supports bacteria to eliminate any
organic matter. An aeration system gives the water oxygen in the biological basin, under the filter
mass. The assembly has a basin (15) to collect a reservoir for the treatment of rain water. The
assembly has one or more auxiliary pumps to generate turbulence in the basins. The swimming pool
(1) contains fish. The assembly has a main basin, enclosed by walls to accommodate the different
treatment basins. The walls are directly on a sealing layer, which can be cladded with protective films.
The access to the different basins is by pontoons bridging the basin dividing wall
Dispositif pour entretenir les qualités de l'eau des piscines et bassins traités par chloration, pour
réduire les émissions de gaz tri-chlorure d'azote et gaz chloro-halogénés dans l'atmosphère
de ces piscines et bassins et pour réduire la formation d'organo-chlorés dans l'eau de ces
piscines et bassins.L'invention concerne un dispositif conjuguant les actions de trois dispositifs de
traitement de l'eau "" carbonatation régulée de l'eau avant sa filtration "", "" irradiation
bactéricide de l'eau après sa filtration "", "" chloration régulée de l'eau après son irradiation "",
s'appuyant sur les interactions entre potentiel hydrogène de l'eau, proportion "" active "" de la teneur
en chlore et teneur de l'eau en matières azotées.Particulièrement destinée à résoudre les
difficultés couramment rencontrées par les techniciens responsables du bon fonctionnement des
piscines et bassins recevant du public ou privés, le dispositif selon l'invention peut aisément
s'adapter à toutes les installations de piscines existantes ou à réalise

[From equivalent FR2790040A1] L'invention concerne une pompe rotative double équilibrée 1
comprenant deux barillets (20a, 20b) rotatifs de cylindres, et des pistons axiaux (27a, 27b) associés
à des moyens de commande (11), la cylindrée C1 des pistons (27a) du premier barillet (20a)
étant supérieure à la cylindrée C2 des pistons (27b) du deuxième barillet (20b), les pistons
(27a, 27b) axialement en regard se déplaçant dans le même sens, l'un refoulant le liquide de son
cylindre tandis que l'autre aspire du liquide dans son cylindre. Le dispositif de traitement d'une
composition - notamment d'épuration d'eau-par osmose inverse comprend une pompe hydraulique
selon l'invention et une chambre de traitement (1) Ã membrane d'osmose invers

Procédé de dessalement de l'eau de mer dans lequel l'eau de mer est introduite dans un cylindre 1
vertical dont le fond est muni de membrane d'osmose inverse. Un piston mobile exerçant une
pression de 70 bars sur l'eau de mer l'oblige à traverser les membranes de filtration. En fin de course
au fond du cylindre, le piston est remonté par un les

[From equivalent FR2797439A1] A device producing drinking water by ultra-filtration has a mobile 1
container that can be filled with untreated water, an ultra-filtration module, a storage tank for filtered
water and distribution devices connected to the tank. The container may have another tank for
untreated water located between the filling device and the module. The module may have ceramic
tubes or a disposable filter bag. The tank for treated water may be flexible and held within protective
grills. The distribution devices may include separate supplies for ice, drinking water and chlorinated
washing wate

[From equivalent FR2799391A1] The assembly for separating solids from a liquid by filtration, where 1
active sludge is to be removed to give clean drinking water, has filter membranes acting as micro
sieves, micro-filters or for ultra-filtration. The membranes are fitted so that their surfaces are each on
flat disks (1) pitched at an angle. The disks, supporting the membranes, are mounted to a common
horizontal shaft (3) with a pitch angle against the shaft axis. The shaft is rotated by a motor (M). A gas
delivery system (5) is under the disks, to give a gas scouring action on the filter membranes. The
disks (1) are pitched at an angle of 5-60 deg to their horizontal mounting shaft (3). Each disk (1) has
a flat and serrated surface to support the filter material and collect the permeate which flows towards
the disk center. The horizontal shaft (3) is hollow, as a flow channel for the permeate from the centers
of each disk (1

[From equivalent FR2799456A1] La présente invention concerne un dispositif de traitement de 1

l'eau destiné à augmenter la solubilité de l'oxygène dans l'eau potable ultra pure comprenant
une pompe (1) pour introduire l'eau potable ultra pure traitée au moyen d'un traitement par osmose
inverse, d'un traitement par ultra-filtration, d'un traitement par distillation ou d'un traitement
d'épuration dans un conteneur fermé (3). Un injecteur d'ozone (2) injecte de l'ozone dans l'eau
potable introduite par la pompe à haute pression (1). Un refroidisseur (4) fixé autour du conteneur
fermé (3) refroidit l'eau stockée à l'intérieur à une valeur préréglée. Un vibrateur
supersonique (5) agite l'eau potable stockée afin d'augmenter la solubilité de l'oxygène dans
l'eau potable stockée dans le conteneur fermé (3), et de prolonger la période de temps
nécessaire à la stérilisatio
[From equivalent FR2800367A1] La présente invention concerne le traitement d'effluents (12) sous 1
forme de suspension aqueuse de particules solides, notamment de silice etlou d'alumine. La
suspension aqueuse (12) est additionnée de chaux (13) puis d'agent floculant (14). Les particules
solides (26) sont ensuite séparées dans une centrifugeuse (7) et évacuées. Le liquide séparé (18) est
éventuellement neutralisé et traité dans un système d'ultrafiltration (20) pour conduire à une phase
aqueuse purifiée (30). Application à l'industrie microélectronique.

[From equivalent US7216529] The invention concerns a method for controlling a nanofiltration or 1
reverse osmosis module system designed for treating a supply fluid or for detecting living micro-
organism leaks, each module comprising nanofiltration or reverse osmosis membranes and joints
connecting said membranes, including steps which consist in: selecting in the supply fluid a dissolved
compound present in significant amount but normally highly retained by the membranes; measuring
the concentration value of said compound in a downstream zone of a module of said system;
comparing said measured value with a reference value; and recognising the existence of a fault in
said zone of the system when said measured value is higher than the reference value.

A reverse osmosis water purification apparatus does not discharge or recycle water passing across 1
membrane (3) but accumulates it under pressure in compartment (7). When given volume has
accumulated or pressure rises, a valve (10) is opened and this volume is directed with force towards
membrane. This vigorously brushes impurities from membrane so they can be discharge

[From equivalent US6492098] A method to improve the functioning of a membrane of a nanofiltration 1

device provided to filter a solution optimizes the retention rate of the membrane. In the method, the
permeate and the retentate are circulated through the nanofiltration membrane for a time before
starting to use the membrane. The method is applicable to the treatment of photographic baths.

Procédé de réparation de membranes, telles que notamment d'ultra-, nano- ethyper-filtration, en 1

particulier en configuration de fibres creuses tubulaires qui consiste, après détection et localisation
d'une fuite dans une fibre endommagée, à y injecter un adhésif réticulable, ce procédé
étant caractérisé en ce que l'on injecte dans la fibre endommagée un bouchon d'une
quantité précisément dosée d'un adhésif synthétique mono-composant et on effectue le
durcissement dudit bouchon d'adhésif par réticulation/ polymérisation sous rayonnement ultra-
violet avec une focalisation de ce rayonnement sur la section de la fibre à réparer, sous une forte
densité de flux sous forme de faisceau parallèle, par l'intermédiaire d'un guide d'ond

L'invention concerne un dispositif de recyclage des eaux chargées de saumure et polluants 1

organiques qui trouvera son application dans l'industrie chimique notamment les installations de
teinture textile. L'installation comprend un circuit (7) classique de traitement des eaux sales issues de
la teinture (1) par exemple avec évaporateur (9) et récupération des boues résiduelles (11).
Selon l'invention, le dispositif possède un circuit auxiliaire (12) de traitement des eaux fortement
chargées par nanofiltration, filtration tangentielle (14) afin de trier les sels (15) et les matières
organiques contenues dans des rétentats (16) qui sont réinjectés dans le circuit (7) de
traitement classique. De la sorte les sels (18) peuvent être réutilisés dans des opérations de
teinture ultérieures et les boues (11) ne sont composées principalement que de polluants
organique
Système de traitement de solution aqueuse par membrane et fermentation.L'invention concerne un 1
système de traitement de liquides aqueux comportant principalement une phase de pré-traitement
sur membrane, une fermentation suivie d'un deuxième traitement sur membrane caractérisé par
le fait que les deux traitements sur membrane sont alternativement réalisés sur le même
système membranair

The device includes a vessel which forms a filter or which receives a water filtering cartridge (6). The 1
device also has screws (2, 3) with a pitch adapted to the necks of water bottles to allow them to be
held by screwing, or cylindrical openings with a diameter fitted to the pitch of screws on commercial
water bottles to allow them to be held by dropping in. The screw or opening parts of the device have
air intakes (12, 13) allowing air to escape from or enter into the bottle. These air intakes are pipes
through the wall of the screws or openings or bleeds. The device has a flat part of sufficient diameter
to allow the filter assembly to be placed on a receiver such as a jug or carafe. This flat part ends with
a cylindrical part with height acting as the resting surface for a vertical storage. The pitch of the screw
is compatible with that of mineral water bottles made of transparent plastic material with a volume of
between 1 and 2 litres. Two removable stoppers completely close the device. The lower part of the
device has a tube (10) which guides the flow of water into the lower bottle. The vessel can be formed
by elements connected to the sealed caps (4, 5) forming a filter cartridge. The cartridge (6) that it
receives forms with its top part (4) a sealed vessel which guides the water to be filtered into the
cartridge. The cartridge has a ring (7) which ensures a seal by adjustment. The device includes
means of selecting the filter, in particular a push-fit disc (14) with an internal profile which adjusts itself
to that of the chosen filte

Procédé de contrôle de l'intégrité des modules de filtration à fibres creuses et de détection 1

de fuites au travers d'une fibre totalement ou partiellement cassée, caractérisé en ce qu'il
consiste à : - émettre un bruit ou signal sonore au moyen d'un émetteur situé d'un côté des
membranes des modules de filtration; - détecter, de l'autre côté des membranes, le bruit ou
signal sonore émergent d'une fibre rompue, que ladite fibre soit ou non soumise à une circulation
de fluide; - amplifier le signal-bruit ainsi obtenu et - comparer le signal amplifié résultant à un
niveau du bruit-seuil, dans la même gamme de fréquence

[From equivalent FR2829485A1] La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un 1

effluent tel qu'un effluent agricole ou un effluent industriel par digestion anaérobie et du type
consistant à :- introduire t'effluent dans au moins une cuve (C1, C2) après séparation de la partie
solide de l'effluent par un séparateur (S1), pour permettre une première extraction des composés
azotés gazeux,- transférer l'effluent vers au moins une cuve (C2) au travers d'un préfiltre (PF1)
chargé de retenir la matière organique nécessaire à la méthanisation pour la transférer dans un
réacteur de méthanisation (C5) fonctionnant par digestion anaérobie.Le procédé est remarquable en
ce qu'il comprend en outre l'étape de :- concentrer la partie liquide résiduelle de l'effluent par filtration
dans une unité d'ultrafiltration (UF1) et/ ou une de nanofiltration (NF2) par osmose inverse dans au
moins une cuve (C3) raccordée en aval de la cuve (C1, C2).

[From equivalent US20040104161A1] The module includes a monolithic container (30), pretreatment 1
means (49) known in the art, and a selectively permeable membrane treatment cartridge known in the
art, respectively housed in an external cylindrical space (36) and an internal cylindrical space (35) of
the container, communicating with each other via one or more passages (37) in the vicinity of one
axial end of the container (30), the external space (36) communicating at the same end as the
opposite axial end with a first connector orifice (321) for feeding fluid to be purified to said means (49),
and the internal space (35) communicating separately, at the same end as the aforementioned axial
end, with a second connector orifice (322) for evacuating from the module (15) a flow of permeate
(purified fluid) and with a third connector orifice (323) for evacuating from the module (15) a flow of
retentate (residual fluid).
[From equivalent FR2845605A1] On-line preparation of fluids, comprises that a filter (18,19) is fitted 1
at each successive filtering station (16,17) to give a filtration cycle for the fluid (12) in its path from the
supply to the injection zone (14), they are replaced alternately for each new cycle to prepare the
sterile fluid, and the fluid is delivered to the injection zone at time intervals programmed by the
operator. On-line preparation of fluids, for dialysis or infusion, comprises that a filter (18,19) is fitted at
each successive filtering station (16,17) to give a filtration cycle for the fluid (12) in its path from the
supply to the injection zone (14). They are replaced alternately for each new cycle to prepare the
sterile fluid. The fluid is delivered to the injection zone at time intervals programmed by the operato

[From equivalent US7938956] The invention relates to a method and a system for purifying water 1
whereby: the water to be purified is pressurized (13); a pressurized flow of said water is directed onto
at least one selective permeability membrane to divide (11) the flow of pressurized water into a
permeate flow and a retentate flow; the permeate flow is electrodeionized (12) to produce a flow of
purified water consisting of the electrodeionized permeate flow; the flowrate of the retentate flow (19)
is reduced; a substantially constant predetermined pressure (21) is maintained on the selective
permeability membrane(s); and a substantially constant predetermined permeate flowrate is
maintained. It also relates to a tangential filtration module suitable for the above kind of system.

The device has micro-droplets of pulsed air incorporated to a siliceous sand bed with thickness of 10 1
to 15 centimeters located at bottom of a swimming pool. The air is controlled in a filtration circuit of the
pool by an air compressor whose outlet side is connected to the filtration circuit downstream of a sand
filte

[From equivalent FR2856052A1] Water purification plant comprises a conical tower the height of a 1
building with a central duct through which the polluted water is pumped to the top and then allowed to
flow by gravity down a spiral outer channel in which it is subjected to twelve different treatments to
retain materials suspended in it. The outflow at the bottom of the tower passes over a surface (2) with
a small angle of inclination where it is evaporated to leave pure salt at the bottom (7). - Water
purification plant comprises a conical tower (1) the height of a building with a central duct through
which the polluted water is pumped to the top and then allowed to flow by gravity down a spiral outer
channel in which it is subjected to twelve different treatments to retain materials suspended in it,
including: adsorption, absorption, aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation, extraction, oxidation by air,
oxidation by photolysis and photocatalysis by solar rays, by UV rays from electric lamps and by laser
beams, and separation of metabolites. At the top of the tower, the water has to pass through a porous
wall with a porosity of 20 - 30 %, enhanced by laser perforation of holes measuring 30 - 50 micro m,
spaced at 500 micro m intervals. The outflow (4) at the bottom of the tower passes over a surface (2)
with a small angle of inclination where it is evaporated to leave pure salt at the bottom (7

The procedure consists of pouring the water to be treated, together with a chemical composition such 1
as a fruit acid that causes minerals to precipitate and preferably has an associated bactericidal agent,
e.g. a polyphenol, into a container (1), which is then closed and shaken. The pressure inside the
container is then raised, with the aid of a pump attached to a valve (4), so that the water passes
through a filter (9) into a second container (5). The water can be pre-filtered as it is poured into the
first container, and the filter (9) has a coupling (12) that fits onto the first container's neck. The second
container has a coupling element (7) on its neck that engages with a matching coupling (13) on the
filter that is different from the first on

[From equivalent FR2859989A1] Dispositif, comprenant un générateur de force de Laplace 1

agissant sur une cellule de désionisation ayant au moins une cellule de désionisation
comprenant- un premier élément (T1) contenant un empilement alterné de membranes (3, 4),
sélectivement perméables aux ions, définissant des compartiments de concentration (6) et des
compartiments de désionisation (5), ainsi qu'un compartiment (1, 2), à chaque extrémité de
l'empilement,- un deuxième élément (T2) contenant un empilement en nombre identique de
membranes (7) que le premier élément mais électriquement isolantes continuant les
compartiments du premier élément,- le troisième élément (T3) ne contenant que deux
compartiments, l'un réunissant tous les compartiments de concentration (6) et les compartiments
d'extrémités (1), l'autre réunissant tous les compartiments de désionisation (5
[From equivalent FR2860783A1] La présente invention concerne une unité de traitement d'une 1
eau équipée d'une cartouche d'ultrafiltration, destinée notamment à la stabilisation
accélérée du pH d'une eau souterraine. Une telle cartouche comporte une membrane
d'ultrafiltration 1 et une chambre d'entrée 2 comprenant :- un premier compartiment 3 alimenté en
eau à traiter communiquant avec ladite membrane d'ultrafiltration,- un deuxième compartiment 5
alimenté par un flux gazeux et séparé dudit premier compartiment par une membrane poreuse
7.Un procédé de maturation du pH d'une eau à l'aide d'une unité d'ultrafiltration selon
l'invention consiste essentiellement à :- faire pénétrer un flux gazeux divisé en fines bulles dans
le premier compartiment 3 d'une cartouche d'ultrafiltration alimenté en eau à traiter pour former
avec l'eau un fluide mixte; - faire circuler ledit fluide mixte tangentiellement à ladite membrane
d'ultrafiltration;- récupérer l'eau traitée en aval de ladite membrane d'ultrafiltration.Selon une
caractéristique intéressante du procédé selon l'invention, le flux gazeux est divisé en fines
bulles par passage à travers une membrane poreuse

[From equivalent FR2868064A1] The plant, in which water is purified and/or rendered potable, has a
contact tank (1) through which the water passes and interacts with an inorganic powder with a high
specific surface, and with coagulant and flocculant agents, injected via first, second and third injection
systems (3, 6, 7). After the contact tank the plant can have a decantation unit (4) with a system for
recuperating decanted material, which is partially reinjected into the contact tank. It can also include
filtration (8) and ultraviolet treatment units. The powdered reagent is selected from the following
group: powdered active carbon, powdered or activated clay, ion exchange resin, powdered or
activated aluminiu

[From equivalent FR2868415A1] Disinfection of water (A) involves: (i) circulating a flow of (A) in the
chamber (2) of a conventional ozonizer modified to obtain a homogeneous internal flow of (A)
circulating at a flow rate determined as a function of the required treatment time; and (ii) emitting UV
radiation inside the chamber using multiple UV sources, distributed to ensure homogeneous
irradiation of the flow of (A). Independent claims are included for: (A) an apparatus for the process,
comprising a conventional ozonizer chamber (2) in which the ozone diffusers have been removed and
replaced by low, medium or high pressure UV lamps (3) contained in respective transparent protective
housings (4) and connected to an electricity supply (14), the tank having an inlet circuit (5) for (A) and
an outlet circuit (12) for evacuating the treated water into the contact vessel (10) of the ozonizer; and
(B) a method for converting the ozonizer of a water treatment plant (comprising a stainless steel
chamber (2) containing horizontal quartz tubes, fixed to chamber by plates and having tubular
electrodes for dielectric conversion of oxygen into ozone) into a UV treatment assembly, involving: (a)
forming holes (11) in the chamber (2) to provide orifices for the water inlet circuit (5) and water outlet
circuit (12); (b) connecting the ozonizer to collectors via the water inlet circuit; (c) optionally modifying
the support plates for the quartz tubes to allow incorporation of the UV lamps; (d) connecting an
electricity supply (14) to the UV lamps; and (e) removing the air drying installations required for ozone
production and other unnecessary equipmen

[From equivalent FR2880014A1] The treatment unit consists of a modular treatment chamber with an
inlet (1) and an outlet (11) for the treated water and one or more modules (2, 2 bis), each with holders
(12) for germicidal lamps and/or a mechanical cleaning system. Each of the lamps is insulated by a
quartz sleeve to form a UV generator: the modules have points (7) to receive accessories such as
temperature sensors (8), monitoring instrumentation (9) or purging valves (10), and a number of
modules can be assembled by means of flanges (3) to make up a treatment unit. The components of
the unit are made e.g. from stainless steel 316L with electrolytically treated internal and external
surface

[From equivalent FR2889181A1] Treatment comprises a series of stages, including filtering, injecting
at least one chemical solution into the filtered water in a tank to produce flocculation or coagulation,
extracting solids, transferring the treated water to a reservoir and subjecting it to further treatment
while maintaining it at a suitable temperature throughout. The initial contaminated water is delivered
to the treatment plant by a submerged pump (2) in a screening chamber (1), and the chemical
injection takes place in a treatment tank (11), followed by an extraction system (7, 8) to remove solids
(9) before the purified water goes to a collecting tank (24) and passes through a filter (21) before
being transferred to a storage reservoir (30) and filtered again and/or subjected to ultraviolet
antibacterial treatmen
[From equivalent FR2894244A1] The water bottle filter purifier to filter and purify water after its exit 1
from a tap, comprises a filter having an upper part hermetically screwed in which the neck of the filter
is sealed by a stopper and a lower part on which the filter is placed. The stopper having a mobile
capsule, which allows tilting up itself on a side in an open position. The stopper is screwed to ensure
the sealing at the level of the neck of an internal and external wall (8). Through the neck of the filter
the water from the tap is entered to filter the water. The water bottle filter purifier to filter and purify
water after its exit from a tap, comprises a filter having an upper part hermetically screwed in which
the neck of the filter is sealed by a stopper and a lower part on which the filter is placed. The stopper
having a mobile capsule, which allows tilting up itself on a side in an open position. The stopper is
screwed to ensure the sealing at the level of the neck of an internal and external wall (8). Through the
neck of the filter the water from the tap is entered to filter the water. The filter is closed to avoid an
intrusion of dust or undesirable particles. The water bottle filter comprises a first external wall
comprising four exit openings of an air in the filter for an evacuation of the air during the filling of a
storage chamber with filtered water (10) in which the storage chamber is equipped by an internal
stopper pad. The four exit openings are placed on the higher and lower part of a second external wall.
The stopper comprises a lower protection extension to protect the four exit openings in a side channel
of the filtered water from intrusion of dust, unfiltered water or undesirable particles. The external wall
is fixed at the internal wall by twenty-four rods, which is divided in three levels on eight cardinal points.
The top of the bottle filter comprises a flange whose walls are slightly tilted towards the outside and
the walls receive moderate pressure by contact of circular base of the internal wall. The internal wall
allows a prefect sealing in the storage chamber before filtering the water. The filter comprises
perforated bottom whose convex form allows water to move fast towards the side exit channel of the
filtered water in accordance with a principle of fluid mechanics and resultant flow. The bottom and top
of the filter comprises perforations preventing a dispersion of filtration and purification elements, and
allows the unfiltered water from the tap entering with the normal pressure at a percolation speed. The
filter comprises a superposition of filtration and purification elements constituted by a layer of cationic
and anionic ion exchanging resins, where the two layers are intercalated between third layer of
activated carbon impregnated to silver ions (18

[From equivalent FR2894245A1] The treatment plant consists of a feed tank (14) with a first ultra- 1
filtration branch (12) and a second reverse osmosis branch (20), each with a pump (30, 32) and
treatment unit (16, 22), and a backwashing system. It differs by incorporating an input duct (40) for
ultrafiltration back-washing, equipped with a pump (41) and connecting the reverse osmosis
concentrate recuperation tank (28) to the end of the first branch so that the branch can be back-
washed with the concentrate

The domestic autonomous apparatus for water purification, comprises a water treatment cell with an 1
inlet, a concentrate and a filtrate outlet, a pump (11) to supply water to be treated, a removable water
treating tank (3), an extraction opening (19) and a unit to control the pump operation. The water-
treatment cell is a reverse osmosis cell (15). The water is recycled towards the concentrate outlet. The
treated water is inhibited when the quantity of water contained in the tank is lower than a determined
fraction of its total capacity. The domestic autonomous apparatus for water purification, comprises a
water treatment cell with an inlet, a concentrate- and a filtrate outlet, a pump (11) to supply water to be
treated, a removable water treating tank (3), an extraction opening (19) and a unit to control the pump
operation. The water-treatment cell is a reverse osmosis cell (15). The water is recycled towards the
concentrate outlet. The treated water is inhibited when the quantity of water contained in the tank is
lower than a determined fraction of its total capacity. The control unit comprises adjustable or
programmable time
In apparatus for separation of a crystalline solute from liquid solution by evaporation and 1
condensation, having spraying (1), evaporation (2), separation (3) and condensation (4) zones, the
starting solution is sprayed in the spraying zone in the form of microdroplets of size less than 10 mu
m, so that the gas-liquid solution exchange surface is increased and evaporation of the liquid is
accelerated. In apparatus for separation of a crystalline solute from liquid solution, by four-stage
(spraying, evaporation, separation and condensation) gas-phase processing, the solution is firstly
sprayed as fine droplets in a zone (1) into a stream of air not saturated with moisture. The liquid is
then evaporated at ambient temperature in a zone (2), and the obtained stream of moist air containing
solid particles is separated in a zone (3), e.g. by filtration or centrifugation. The liquid is finally
condensed in zone (4) and recovered. The novel feature is that in zone (1) the liquid is sprayed in the
form of microdroplets of size less than 10 mu m, so that the gas-liquid solution exchange surface is
increased and evaporation of the liquid is accelerate

[From equivalent FR2902782A1] Purification of water, by aerobic bacterial degradation followed by 1

filtration, is carried out by feeding the water into a compartment; bubbling air through the water in
microbubble form; circulating the water through a module containing a discontinuous set of hollow
fibers placed in the compartment, to carry out frontal filtration; and allowing the purified water to flow
out. Independent claims are included for: (1) a filtration module, to be connected to a filtered water
outlet (33) and containing a discontinuous set of hollow fibers, where each fiber has a first free end to
be moved within the water to be filtered and a second end fixed to a support (which is connectable in
sealed manner to the water outlet and has a set of perforations, each connectable to a hollow fiber),
creating a sheaf of hollow fibers, each able to filter the water and circulate the water towards the
outlet; and (2) a water purification plant comprising at least one filtration module as above, placed in a
compartment (6) containing water to be filtered and connected to a water inlet (8) and a filtered water
outlet (33

[From equivalent FR2904236A1] The bore water treatment installation, comprises a buffer tank (2), a 1
water supply unit (3), an output (4) to draw out the water after treatment, a loop (5) for recirculating
the water arranged in the tank through a filter (6) and a reactor, a recuperation basin, a filter, a water
heating device, a device for treating germs, and a water purging unit arranged in the recuperation
basin. The water has dissolved bodies and/or suspension particles. The reactor is arranged for
subjecting the water to magnetic treatment, micro-electrolysis treatment and dielectric material
exposure. The bore water treatment installation, comprises a buffer tank (2), a water supply unit (3),
an output (4) to draw out the water after treatment, a loop (5) for recirculating the water arranged in
the tank through a filter (6) and a reactor, a recuperation basin, a filter, a water heating device, a
device for treating germs, and a water purging unit arranged in the recuperation basin. The water has
dissolved bodies and/or suspension particles. The reactor is arranged for subjecting the water to
magnetic treatment, micro-electrolysis treatment and dielectric material exposure. The filter allows a
micro-filtration, an ultra-filtration, a nano-filtration, and a reverse osmosis. The recirculation loop
comprises a pump disposed in downstream of the filter. The water crossing the loop is rejected in the
tank, when poured on an inclined surface with dispersion. The inclined surface extends on half of the
distance thus separating the water supply and an entrance of the loop, and is measured according to
water surface in the tank. A decantation device is disposed in the buffer tank. The entrance of the
recirculation loop is situated at a height of 1/8-1/2 of the height of water in the tank. The height is
measured from the bottom of the buffer tank. A flow of the water in the recirculation loop during normal
operation is 10 m3>/hour. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a bore water treatment proces

[From equivalent FR2904978A1] A modular, mobile device for filtration, sterilization and 1
pressurization of water comprises an L-shaped supporting chassis (2), on vibration damping blocks
(3); a combination of two filters (2) of different fineness; a suction and pressurization unit (4),
comprising a pump and a flask under controllable pressure; and a UV sterilizer (5). A modular, mobile
device for filtration, sterilization and pressurization of water comprises an L-shaped supporting
chassis (2) of galvanized steel, on four vibration damping rubber blocks (3); a combination of two
filters (1) of different fineness; a suction and pressurization unit (4), comprising a pump and a flask
with an air bladder for maintaining a controllable pressure; and a UV sterilizer (5). The filtration unit
receives water from the suction unit and has an outlet pipe for supplying the sterilizer. The sterilizer is
coupled with the pump (so that all pumped water is treated) and receives water from the filter. The
treated water is sucked into a storage vessel and/or supplied to a hydraulic circui
[From equivalent FR2912321A1] La technique présenté ici concerne un ensemble de modules 1
membranaires d'ultrafiltration ou de microfiltration de liquides tels que de l'eau comprenant au moins
un jeu de modules membranaires s'étendant essentiellement dans un plan vertical et au moins un
conduit, lesdits modules présentant chacun un corps de module allongé pourvu à ses deux extrémités
opposées d'embouts amovibles inférieur et supérieur présentant chacun au moins un piquage de
raccordement à un piquage dudit conduit.Selon cette technique, lesdits conduits d'un tel ensemble
s'étendent essentiellement dans ledit plan vertica

[From equivalent FR2924952A1] The autonomous system for the potabilization of brackish and/or 1
polluted water, comprises pipes (7) for the circulation of water from an upstream inlet (8a) to two
downstream outlets (8b, 8c), a unit for capturing renewable energy such as solar or wind to generate
a Ub voltage fluctuating throughout the day and supplying electricity to the pumping unit, a unit for
controlling electronic and/or informatic set that are connected to a sensor for measuring the generated
voltage at the upstream pumping unit, an automatic control unit, and a voltage stabilizer. The
autonomous system for the potabilization of brackish and/or polluted water, comprises pipes (7) for
the circulation of water from an upstream inlet (8a) to two downstream outlets (8b, 8c), a unit for
capturing renewable energy such as solar or wind to generate a Ub voltage fluctuating throughout the
day and supplying electricity to the pumping unit, a unit for controlling electronic and/or informatic set
that are connected to a sensor for measuring the generated voltage at the upstream pumping unit, an
automatic control unit, and a voltage stabilizer such as a unit for electrochemical or electrostatic
energy storage. The upstream inlet is arranged for suction of crude water. One of the outlets is used
for treating water and another is used for the discharge of water. The pipes are associated with an
upstream pumping unit for the suction and delivery of crude water at the upstream inlet, and a
downstream unit for water filtration membrane connected to the downstream outlet for water treatment
through an expansion valve. The value for generating the voltage increases for a same level of
capturing, when the speed of the pumping unit is decreased and increased. The voltage stabilizer is
located between the energy capturing unit and the pumping unit, and is permanently retained at full
load or nearly full load. The control unit corresponds to the full load voltage of the stabilizer, or a
nominal voltage for functioning the system. The pumping unit consists of a set of two pumps including
a downstream lift pump and a downstream booster pump. The control unit is connected to the two
pumps. A unit is arranged for measuring the pressure of the supplied water Peb within the pipe
extending between the two pumps. The control unit is connected: to the downstream expansion valve;
to a water flow sensor Qeb located on a first pipe extending between the pump unit and a filtration unit
(3); to downstream of an inlet of a recycling loop; to a water pressure sensor either located on the first
pipe for measuring a supplied pressure Pa or a second pipe extending between the filtration unit and
the expansion valve for measuring a pressure Pc; to the recirculation pump; and to a sensor of
recycling water flow Qrec mounted on recycling loop. The control unit is capable of automatically
controlling: the speed of the pumping unit according to a value that allows the generated voltage Ub
to achieve and to maintain a voltage set point Ubo; the speed of the upstream lift pump to achieve
and to maintain a generated voltage set point Ubo; the speed of the downstream of the booster pump
to achieve and to maintain the supplied water pressure set point Pebo corresponding to the optimal
functioning value of the downstream pump; the opening of the expansion valve so that the pressure of
discharge water Pc or supplied water Pa is maintained at a pressure reference value Pco or Pao; and
the speed of the recycling pump so that the recycling rate Qrec achieves and maintains a recycling
flow reference value Qreco. The reference value of pressure Pco or Pao varies according to the
measured value of feed rate Qeb for obtaining and maintaining a minimum specific energy Wt. The
pipes are arranged to form a recycling loop of which the inlet is located between the filtration unit and
expansion valve and the outlet is located between the filtration unit and pumping unit. The recycling
loop comprises a recirculation pump enhancing the flow of water from the inlet to the outlet. The
refere

Photocatalytic composition (I) comprises at least one solution of photocatalytic titanium dioxide and at
least one solution of silica having autoliantes properties. Independent claims are included for: (1)
coating the pool or pond, comprising applying (I) (10-100 ml, preferably 20-60 ml/square meter of
surface) on a coated element; and (2) purifying water of swimming pools and interior and exterior
pond, comprising: immersing water in (I); projecting UV radiance type A, solar radiance, or artificial
radiation using UVA lamp type; and decomposition of organic matter and/or microorganisms contained
in the wate
[From equivalent FR2945037A1] The unit for treating raw water (1) from capturing chambers, 1
comprises a raw water tank with an overflow (2), a filtration tank (3) containing a filtering element
hydraulically connected to the raw water tank through a flow adjusting gate ensuring a minimum time
for contacting water with the filter element, a raw water storage tank (4) with an overflow (5)
hydraulically connected to the filtration tank and to a network of water distribution, and a hydraulic
control module for contacting water with the filter element associated with a unit for measuring water
treated in the storage tank. The unit for treating raw water (1) from capturing chambers, comprises a
raw water tank with an overflow (2), a filtration tank (3) containing a filtering element hydraulically
connected to the raw water tank through a flow adjusting gate ensuring a minimum time for contacting
water with the filter element, a raw water storage tank (4) with an overflow (5) hydraulically connected
to the filtration tank and to a network of water distribution, a hydraulic control module for contacting
water with the filter element associated with a unit for measuring water treated in the storage tank, a
unit (6) for flowing treated water from filter tank to the storage tank at a point of filling located at a level
above the overflow level of the tank, a unit for interrupting the flow of treated water from filter tank to
the storage tank, a unit for measuring pH of treated water in upstream of the storage tank, and a unit
for discharging non compliant treated water having a measured pH in upstream of a switching unit.
The overflow level of the storage tank is located at a level lower than the overflow level of the raw
water tank and in that the filling point of treated water in the storage tank is located between the
overflow level of the storage tank and the level of overflow of the treated water tank. The flow pipe of
treated water hydraulically connects the filter tank at the filling point of the storage tank from a low
point of the filtration tank located near the bottom of the filtration tank. The bottom of the storage tank
is located at a level below the bottom of the filtration tank. A system is arranged for injecting carbon
dioxide in raw water. A tank is hydraulically connected to the raw water tank and the filtration tank for
injecting carbon dioxide using an injection system. The flow control gate consists of a tubular part
adapted to be traversed by the raw water flowing from the raw water tank to the filtration tank, an
openable sealing unit comprising a pivoting valve in half disk shape rotating around the axis of
symmetry of the tubular part, and a sealing wall partially closing a flow area in the tubular part so that
the controlling of the angular position of rotating of the pivoting valve with respect to the sealing wall
has the effect of changing the flow in the tubular part. The sealing unit comprises the pivoting valve
and the sealing wall rotating around a transverse axis perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the
rotating valve for fully opening the flowing section of the tubular part partially closed by the sealing
wall and in that an abutment prevents the opening of the flowing section in the direction of flow of raw
water obtained from raw water tank. A solenoid valve is used in the pH measuring unit and placed
between the filtered water outlet of the filtration tank and the point of measuring the pH. The solenoid
valve is connected by a pipe to the raw water tank, and allows for introducing a low quantity of raw
water in the filtered water to obtain the measured pH value of = 9, when the measured pH reaches or
exceeds a value of

[From equivalent FR2946432A1] The method involves filtering water across a filtering medium i.e. 1
filter mass (3), constituted by flexible hollow fibers, according to a filtration flow. Periodical micro-
retrowashing of the fibers is performed, and continuous measurement of content of dissolved
pollutants is maintained during micro-retrowashing which is performed by circulating treated water
against current in fibers during a determined period. Mixture of treated water and cleaning solution is
circulated against current in the fibers to maintain filtration flow at a value greater than a preset
minimal threshold flow value. An independent claim is also included for an installation for
implementing a method for analyzing water to determine content of dissolved pollutant

The device has membrane filtering modules (14) connected by pipes to valves for controlling flow of 1
liquid traveling toward the modules. A first block is formed by an assembly (14a) of the modules.
Another block is formed by valves system (14b). A third block is formed of a group of intermediate
pipes comprising an interface (14ca) between the valves system and the assembly of the modules.
The interface is changed when changing a type of the modules, while the valves system and the
assembly of the modules are unchanged, except when changing type of the modules. Lower
collectors (CA1-CA4) are designed for forming support units of the filtering module

Module (10) de filtration d'eau comprenant, d'une part, un carter (11) constitué d'une paroi (110) de 1
forme sensiblement cylindrique, et, d'autre part, un faisceau de fibres creuses disposé à l'intérieur
dudit carter. Selon l'invention, le carter (11) comporte des moyens (113) d'admission d'eau
latéralement à ladite paroi (110). Application à la filtration, notamment par microfiltration, des eaux
sanitaires aux points d'usage dans les services à haut risque des établissements de sant&eacute
1,009,172. Apparatus for diffusion of liquids. REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. Nov. 1
28, 1961 [Nov. 29, 1960], No. 42453/61. Heading B1X. [Also in Division B5] Apparatus for separating
solvents from solution, especially for the desalination of sea water, comprises a plate 10 having a bore
16 and counterbore 17 in which is received a semipermeable membrane 20, and a plate 11 having a
recess 21 of the same diameter as counterbore 17 so that these spaces when matched form a
cylindrical opening. Plate 10 has an annular groove 12 in which is fitted a sealing ring 13, and plate 11
has a flange 15 fitting a shoulder on plate 10. A paper filter or spacer member 22 is fitted between the
membrane 20 and a porous disc 24 and spacer member 25. Plate 10 has an annular groove 27 which
receives a ring 28 which seals the edges of the membrane. Feed water is supplied at 31 and passes
through channel 32 which has a branch 33 leading to reservoir 16. Passage 32 also communicates
directly with membrane 20. 35 is an outlet passage terminating at 36. Demineralized water filters
through membrane 20 into the central circular space and to the porous plate 24, and drains out at 37.
Salt solution from 41 is pressurized by pump 44 and passes to the apparatus 40. Desalinated water is
removed at 49 and the more concentrated solution is withdrawn by conduit 46 and valve 47, some
being recirculated via pump 45. An apparatus suitable for larger scale working is shown in Fig. 4. The
cell is enclosed by plates 55 and 60 having recesses 61 and 62. Plates 65 and 74 are stainless steel
collector plates separated from 55 and 60 by semipermeable membranes 66 and 76, held in place by
sealing rings 70, 73. Additional semipermeable membranes A and 75, held by sealing ring 72,
separate the plates from the intermediate cell 71. In operation water enters 61 and passes through
channel 69 to cell 71. Desalinated water is collected from the base of plates 65 and 74. For details of
the preparation of the semipermeable membrane, see Division B5. The separation of viruses and
proteins from solution is also referred t

1,063,244. Porous coated sheet material; fluid filtering medium. LLOYD & HILLMAN Ltd. Aug. 6, 1963 1
[Aug. 6, 1962], No. 30990/63. Headings B1D, BIT and B2E. A medium capable of removing ultrafine
particles from fluids comprises a porous base e.g. of paper, and a micro-porous layer adherent
thereto. This layer comprises fibres of which a significant proportion extend outwards from the base at
an angle of at least 30 degrees and has a maximum pore diameter of 10 microns and a voids volume
of at least 75%. It may be made by applying to the base a dispersion comprising a dispersing fluid and
particulate fibrous material and controlling the type, size and number of fibres and the state of their
dispersion to obtain the required properties when the fibrous material is deposited on the base.
Successive layers may be applied in this way. The first applied layer may be a binding layer
containing a binder, or the or each main coating layer may contain a binder, e.g. an epoxy resin
phenol-, urea-, melamineformaldehyde resins, polyester resins, polyethylene, polypropylene,
polyoxymethylene, polyisobutylene, polyamides, cellulose acetate, ethylcellulose, vinyl chloride
copolymerised with vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyral, p.t.F.e.,
polytrifluorochloroethylene, ligrin-sulphonate resins, starch, casein, terpene resins, polyacrylic resins,
alkyd resins, synthetic rubbers such as butadiene-styrene copolymers. The fibrous material may be
potassium titanate, asbestos or glass. The dispersion may also include a non-fibrous particulate
material, e.g. silic

1,112,550. Reverse osmosis apparatus. SOCIETE DE RECHERCHES TECHNIQUES ET 1

INDUSTRIELLES (SRTI). 22 April, 1966 [6 May, 1965; 9 Feb., 1966], No. 17717/66. Heading B1X. In
a reverse osmosis apparatus for the treatment of a first solution in a cavity 6 (Fig. 1) through
semipermeable membrane 11 on support 12, the pressure required to overcome the osmotic pressure
of the first solution is supplied by the osmotic pressure of a second solution in cavity 5 relative to a
less concentrated solution from which it is separated by membrane 8 on support 9, the pressure being
transmitted by impermeable flexible partition 4. The apparatus may be applied to the desalination of
sea water, in which case the first solution is sea water, the second concentrated brine, and membrane
8 is continually washed with sea water through opening 7. In Fig. 4 (not shown), periodic addition of
more brine to cavity 42 is avoided by covering membrane structure 47 with solid salt. Membrane
structure 47 (Fig. 5, not shown) comprises tubular porous supports 54 and 55 covered on the outside
by membranes 50, 51, the support sections being connected by tubular end pieces 56. Support
structure 58 (Fig. 4) comprises a plurality of disc structures communicating with a central outlet tube
66. In Fig. 6 (not shown), porous discs 62, 61 having membranes 59, 60 thereon are sealed at 64 to
provide a central passageway 63 which communicates with outlet 66 via holes 69. In Fig. 2 (not
shown), membranes 21 and 22 are mounted on solid supports 23 and 24 which have periodic
openings which widen out in the direction leading away from the membranes. Membranes mounted
on hollow cylindrical supports are also describe
1,148,936. Membrane support; separating gaseous mixtures. GULF GENERAL ATOMIC Inc. 19 May, 1
1966 [25 May, 1965], No. 22235/66. Headings B1L and B1X. Separation apparatus for separating a
first fluid component from a fluid mixture of the first component and a second component, for example
for desalination of sea-water, comprises a semi-permeable membrane sheet 291, sheet-like
membrane supporting means 331 comprising a layer of particles 41 of predetermined particle size
attached to substrate 43, for example a layer of sand particles on a substrate which is a porous felt of
polyester fibres, and means for supplying the fluid mixture under pressure to one side of the
membrane sheet. In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, solution to be treated enters at 23 and flows into
solution supply layers 311 of membrane arrangement 27. In arrangement 27, sandwiches of
membrane 291 and solution supply material 311 are interleaved with support layers as described in
1,113,630 and wrapped spirally about perforated central outlet tube 25. Solvent flows spirally inward
to tube 25 while more concentrated solution leaves at 37. The membrane may be cellulose acetate
(exemplified); polyvinyl methyl ketone; a copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and a mixture of methyl vinyl
ether and maleic anhydride. Use of the apparatus in the separation of gaseous mixtures (none
specified) is mentione

1,197,572. Electro-osmosis; semipermeable membrane and electrode. MARSTON EXCELSIOR Ltd. 1

Aug.30, 1967 [June 7, 1966], No.25220/66. Heading C7B. [Also in Divisions B1 and 2] A semi-
permeable membrane which can be used as an electrode in electro-osmosis in desalination of water
comprises porous base layer 1, for example of a glass fibre cloth on a perforated Ti plate or Ti wire
mesh 2, porous metallic carrier layer 4 supported on the base layer, and a plurality of solid particles 5
carried within the poree of the porous metallic layer. Layer 4 may be of sprayed-on titanium or
titanium alloy; particles 5 may be of polytetrafluoroethylene. The carrier layer may be impregnated
with an alkaline suspension of particles 5 and the dispersion flocculated in situ with acid. The
membrane may be heated to sinter the plastics particles, optionally with application of fluid pressure.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2 (not shown), the glass fibre cloth 1 is removed from its support plate 2
and a second porous metallic layer 4 applied to its underside before the impregnation ste

1,217,054. Reverse osmosis; desalination of sea water. BABCOCK & WILCOX Ltd. 8 April, 1968 [6 1
April, 1967], No. 16887/68. Heading B1X. A reverse osmosis element comprises a semipermeable
membrane 3 mounted, on each side of a rigid porous plate 2 which has parallel longitudinal bores 5
for collecting the liquid which has been forced by pressure through the membranes, the collected
liquid flowing through transverse bores (not shown) to pipe 4 for discharge from the plate. In order to
produce fresh water from seawater, groups of such elements are stacke din a pressure vessel 10 (Fig.
6) made of pre-stressed concrete. The porous plates need not have bores, but can be provided with
surface grooves which may be filled with fine san

1,250,482. Reverse osmosis. MARSHALL SONS & CO. Ltd. 18 March, 1969 [19 March, 1968], No. 1
13190/68. Heading B1X. In a method of reverse osmosis a high pressure pump 1 draws feed solution
from a tank 2 and pressurises it in a closed loop comprising a circulation pump 3, a reverse osmosis
separation cell 4 and a delay line 5. The cell 4 includes a plurality of series-connected or
series/parallel-connected tubular membranes, and desalinated water is collected therefrom via outlet
7. Delay line 5 is initially full of feed solution and serves to delay the reject brine issuing from 4 from
being reissued, via 3, back to 4, the size of the delay line reservoir being considerably greater than
the volume of the remainder of the loop so as to prolong the delay. A resilient plug of plastics material
may be inserted into each tubular membrane; on reversal of the direction of flow in the closed loop the
plug is swept along the membrane and cleans it surfac

1297650 Membrane module for reverse osmosis AQUA-CHEM Inc 2 Dec 1969 [6 Dec 1968] 1
58892/69 Heading B1X A reverse osmosis apparatus 10, e.g. for desalination, comprises at least two
tubular semi permeable membranes 34, e.g. of cellulose acetate, separated from adjacent
membranes by either interposed tubular porous sheets 32, e.g. of paper or porous plastics or by one
such continuous sheet. Grooves 16, 24 of an impermeable casing 12 and core 20 support the
membranes and sheets. Each groove 24 is bounded by ridges located between adjacent membranes
and channels 28 in the core 20 communicate with the porous sheets 32 via these ridges to provide a
liquid flow path to the core for the pure liquid permeating through the membranes. Alternatively the
channels 28 may be omitted and the core be made of porous material. The membranes may be cast
onto the inside of the porous sheets or extruded therewith so that only one layer of porous sheet
separates adjacent membranes. The outer casing may be strengthened by resin impregnated fibre
glass strands 14. In use, Figs. 3, 4 (not shown) the apparatus has end caps which in the case of
parallel flow have conduits connecting each membrane to a common feed inlet and a common
concentrate outlet, or in the case of serial flow have conduits connecting adjacent membranes. The
serial and parallel flow conduits may be combine
131,488. Desrumaux, H. Sept. 18, 1918. Purifying liquids; filters with loose filtering - materials. - 1
Apparatus for treating water comprises superposed containers a, b, the lower of which is provided
with a distributing device i, a bed j of silica or of a softening or sterilizing agent, and two concentric
pipes k, l through which the treated water passes to a lower compartment. The container a may be
double, or two separate containers may be used in its place, one vessel being filled with liquid by a
pump f while the other is emptied through a three-way valve h. The apparatus is mounted on a stand
c, and the container b is provided with trunnions

1320429 Reverse osmosis process ISRAEL PRIME MINISTER'S OFFICE 26 Nov 1971 [10 Dec 1970] 1
54984/71 Heading B1X A reverse osmosis process for concentrating a feed solution comprises
pumping the feed solution along one side (the high pressure side) of a permselective membrane or of
each of a plurality of membranes, diverting part of the more concentrated solution so produced from
the product stream and causing it to flow along the other (low pressure) side of the membrane in
countercurrent to the flow along the high pressure side, withdrawing as product the undiverted portion
of the more concentrated solution and separately withdrawing a diluted solution emerging from the
low pressure side. In the apparatus shown, a stainless steel body portion 40 encloses self-supporting
capillary membranes 46 with their ends potted in epoxy resin. A feed brine is introduced at 43 and the
brine concentrate product is removed at 44. Part of the brine product stream is diverted into opening
45 to flow through the membrane capillaries to outlet 47. The process may be used in the production
of highly concentrated solutions from reject brines of brackish water desalination plants (21-in Fig. 3
not shown) and in the concentration of rejected digester liquor from pulping processes including sulfite
and sulfate processes. There is also reference to juice concentration and concentration of heat-
sensitive material

1322602 Portable ion-exchange apparatus A GOTTENBUSCH and H TAFEL 10 Sept 1970 43321/70 1
Heading B1J [Also in Divisions C1 and F2] Portable water-treatment apparatus comprises a housing
having a number of chambers containing different reagents, a water inlet 8, a water outlet 9 and a
selector valve 50 by which water from the inlet may be directed through different ones of the
chambers, and preferably in different orders, to the outlet so as to be subjected to different treatments.
As shown, interconnected chambers 10 contain ion-exchange material for softening the water,
interconnected chambers 11 contain an absorbent (activated carbon) and interconnected chambers
12, provided with a screw cap 16, contain salt for regenerating the ion-exchange material. The valve
shown in Fig. 1 is actuated by press-buttons and provides for direct passage from inlet to outlet; for
passage through the ion-exchange material only; for passage through the absorbent only; for passage
through bath; and for passage through the salt and ion-exchange material for regeneration of the
latter. In a modification (diagrammatically represented in Figs. 10A and B, not shown), the salt
chamber is emptied except for regeneration and water is normally passed through the ion-exchange
and salt chambers in the opposite direction to that used in regeneration. The valve 50 may be
replaced by a slide valve or rotary selector valve. The housing is formed in two parts 1, 2 and a
grooved conduit plate 3, Fig. 4 (not shown), interconnects the valve passages with the chambers in
the upper part 2, and through a passage in that part, to those in the lower part 1. The reagents may
be contained in plastic containers 53, Figs. 19-26 (not shown), shaped to fit the chambers and having
perforated portions to correspond with the openings into and between the chambers, and central
sealing ring

N/A 1

[From equivalent US3924139] Improved photo-oxidation apparatus for purifying water, which has at
least two reaction chambers each connected by water passageways with neighboring chambers, and
which has in each chamber, sources of ultraviolet light dipped practically vertically into the water to be
treated and fixed by holders placed above the surface of the water. The apparatus is also equipped
with nozzles through which gas, usually containing oxygen, is supplied, and with inlets for oxidizing
agents, catalysts or photosensitizers in at least two of these chambers or sections.
1377424 Ultra-filtration INDUSTRIELE ONDERNEMING WAVIN NV 18 Jan 1972 [18 Jan 1971] 1
2423/72 Heading B1X [Also in Division F2] A device for purifying liquids, particularly water, by means
of reversed osmosis comprises an assembly consisting of an auxiliary supporting plastics tube which
is provided with openings in its wall and which, on its inner side, is provided with a fibrous permeable
layer on the inner side of which is disposed a membrane, while the auxiliary supporting plastics tube
on its outer side is supported by a main supporting tube which at least on its inner side has discharge
channels extending in a longitudinal direction. The plastics tube may be PVC: the permeable layer
paper, glass or nylon fibres on which a cellulose-acetate membrane is deposited; the main supporting
tube may also be of plastics. The channels in the main supporting tube may be longitudinal or helical
grooves. A group of such devices may be connected in parallel between header plates and several
such groups may be connected in serie

1383365 Treatment of electrolyte P P G INDUSTRIES Inc 10 March 1972 [11 March 1971] 11201/72 1
Heading C7B A method of controlling the contents of an electro-deposition bath containing a film-
forming vehicle resin in an aqueous medium comprises subjecting at least a portion of the bath to
electrodialysis and another selective separation process which passes an aqueous effluent through a
physical barrier whilst retaining the vehicle resin component. The vehicle resin may be a
polycarboxylic acid resin solubilized with potassium hydroxide or may be a polybasic resin solubilized
with an acid the electrodialysis membrane may be interposed between the electrodes during the
electrodeposition process. It may be a cloth of plant fibres or a cation exchange membrane having a
pore size less than 20Š. The selective separation process may be ultra-filtration or reverse osmosis.
The ultra-filter may comprise 0À1-10 micron thick layer of a homogeneous polymer supported on a
layer of a micro-porous open celled sponge that may be 20 microns-1 millimetre thick. The sponge
may be further supported on a sheet of paper. The membrane polymer may be polyvinyl chloride,
polyacrylonitrile, polysulphones, poly (methyl methacrylate), polycarbonates, poly (n-butyl
methacrylate). Electro-deposition tank 1 has an electrode compartment 3 having an input line 9 and
an output line 11. The electrode 33 to be coated is suspended from a grounded conveyer 37 and
current is supplied via bus-bar 27 through hanger 31. Electrolyte is intermittently circulated through
separator 13 having an ultra-filter. Effluent is discharged through outlet 1

1420121 Ultra filtration EASTMAN KODAK CO 5 Jan 1973 [6 Jan 1972] 694/73 Heading B1X [Also in 1
Division B5] A dope comprising a cellulose ether, ester or mixed ester-ether dissolved, with a pore-
forming agent, in a solvent comprising formic and/ or acetic acids is cast on to a casting web, exposed
to the air, then immersed in an aqueous bath at 100-190‹F. In examples solutions of cellulose
acetate and an amine salt in mixtures of acetone with formic or acetic acid are used. The resultant film
is useful for ultrafiltration, for example the desalination of sea-wate

1424046 Dialysis; ultrafiltration COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 9 April 1973 [21 April 1
1972] 16951/73 Heading B1X [Also in Division C3] An ion-exchange or selective semi-permeable
membrane is made of a porous organic polymer which has been subjected to irradiation with heavy
nuclear particles, capable of prodE viding at least the initial - (as defined) dX value of the polymer,
grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and made porous by reaction with a base or
oxidizer which reacts preferentially with the irradiated damaged material. The membranes may be
used in electrodialysis, ultra- or hyper-filtration, renal purification, separation of proteins and
desalination of water. The membranes may be formed into a tube. In the examples the porous
polymers consisted of (a) films of cellulose triacetate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate,
polyvinyl chloride or polyimides, or a tube of polypropylene were grafted with (b) vinyl-2-pyridine,
acrylic acid, acrylonitrile or styren

1440316 Water filter FILTRATION (WATER TREATMENT ENGS) Ltd 26 Sept 1973 [6 Oct 1972] 1
46363/72 Heading BID A swimming pool filter comprises a housing 21, enclosing a sand filter bed,
and an upstream pump and motor unit 23 mounted on a bracket (27) on the side wall of the housing.
Installation is thus simplified as only the housing 21 has to be secured directly to concrete base 22b,
its legs 21a resting on pads 22a. A strainer 28 upstream of the pump rests on plinth 2
1455299 Treatingand packaging water WATERLINE SA 6 Dec 1973 [29 Jan 1973] 56504/73 Heading 1
B8C [Also in Division Cl] A transportable apparatus for use in disaster areas includes means to purify
water to make it drinkable, and means 14 for filling containers with water and closing them. The
apparatus may be mounted on a self propelled vehicle or on a trailer 1, or on an amphibious vehicle
or in a helicopter. A pump 3 includes sampling means so that drinkable water is sent direct to the filling
means 14, while non potable water is directed through a urine filtering apparatus 5, a decolourizing
and de-odourizing unit 6, a disinfecting unit 7, a chlorinating unit 8, a sterilizing unit 9 having ultra
filters, and a de-canting chamber 101. The water may be directed through a device 20 which adds
milk powder, a medicine, or a substance to prolong the ""shelf life"" of the water. The means 14 may
make, fill, and heat seal plastic bags which are conveyed by fingers or a belt to a discharge station 15.
Water from a hydrant may enter the apparatus through valve 13. The apparatus may include a de-
salination unit alternatively or additionally to the units 5-101

1491833 Water purification FOREMOST - McKESSON INC 16 Feb 1976 [21 Feb 1975] 05985/76 1
Heading B1X A method for purifying and dispensing water comprises the steps of: delivering water
under pressure to the feed water inlet of a first reverse osmosis unit, delivering permeate from the first
reverse osmosis unit to the feed water inlet of a second reverse osmosis unit at substantially the
same rate that the permeate is produced by the first unit, delivering permeate from the second
reverse osmosis unit to a storage tank, dispensing water from the tank, interrupting operation of the
reverse osmosis units in the event that the water in the tank rises to a first predetermined level, and
resuming operation of the reverse osmosis units in the event that the water in the tank drops to a
second predetermined level. The flow pattern is shown in the Drawing: the storage tank 36 is provided
with float switches to control the operation of pumps 23 and 24, a limit switch which renders the
coincontrolled dispenser inoperative if the level falls too far and an overflow-preventing limit switch
which shuts down the apparatus if the level rises too hig

1498449 Reverse osmosis apparatus UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 23 Aug 1
1976 [29 Aug 1975] 35722/75 Heading BIX Reverse osmosis apparatus comprises a pressure vessel
1 with inlet 11 and outlet 12 for fluid to be treated and enclosing a rotor assembly 15, which comprises
at least one membrane module 26 comprising at least one hollow tubular elongate semipermeable
membrane mounted on an internal supporting structure coiled to form one or more layers lying in a
plane or planes extending transverse to the axis of the coil. The modules 26 are connected at both
ends, or at one end with the other end blanked off, to a manifold 16 mounted on a hollow shaft 17,
through which permeate exits. The shaft 17 is mounted for rotary or oscillatory motion, or alternatively
or additionally the rotor may oscillate in directions along the axis 31. Baffle plates 29 may be provided
between the coil layers and, preferably, fastened thereto. The membrane modules may comprise a
bunch of membrane members 28, each of which comprises a permeable sleeve support covering a
grooved rod core and having a tubular membrane deposited on the outside in accordance with
Specification 1325494. The apparatus may be used for desalination of wate

1526687 Supply circuits for water-purifiers SACHS-SYSTEMTECHNIK GmbH 2 June 1977 [14 June 1
1976] 23415/77 Heading H2H [Also in Division C7] The supply to the electrodes of a water purifier RZ
(see Division C7) includes a push-pull oscillator based on T1, T2, TR, to convert 12V D.C. of a car
battery to rectified high voltage D.C. via rectifier BR, and has a circuit (transistor T4 and differential
amplifier V) to maintain constant current across the electrodes. Modifications, e.g. excessive or
insufficient conductance in the water, or overload of pump M due to a clogged intake filter may be
indicated and an AND gate G acts to switch off the pump via further control transistors T6, T7. A1, A2
are warning lamp

1526843 Membrane filtration SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO Ltd 25 Aug 1976 [25 Aug 1975] 35380/76 1
Heading B1X [Also in Division B5] An ultra filtration or reverse osmosis process employs a
heterogenous membrane of an acrylonitrile polymer comprising 40- 100mole% acrylonitrile units and
which has a cross-linked dense layer in the vicinity solely of its surface and pores increasing gradually
in size towards the back surface of the membrane. The membrane which is formed by exposing a film
of the polymer to a plasma may remove phenol, acetic acid, urea acetone and ethanol with injection
rates of 60-90% and may be used in the preparation of water from sea water, for the treatment of
waste water and the concentration of fruit juice
N/A 1

N/A 1

191,594. Magrath, H. J. Dec. 22,1921. Purifying liquids. - Portable apparatus for treating water with 1
zeolites or other reagent and for which no permanent connections are necessary, comprises a
container for the reagent having a flexible inlet or outlet pipe by means of which the water can be
passed siphonically through the container, the siphon action being started by pushing a closely fitting
plug or stopper into the container. Water is siphoned from a vessel 22, Fig. 2, through a flexible pipe
19, passes downward through reagent 2 in a container 1 and is discharged to a vessel 23 through a
flexible pipe 20. To start the siphon the container is filled with water and a rubber stopper 4 is inserted
so as to force some of the water into the pipe 19. The container is supported on the vessel 22 by
means of a clip 8. Fig. 3 shows the container immersed in water in a vessel 22. The water is siphoned
upward through the container and discharged through a flexible pipe 21. An arrangement is also
described in which the reagent container is supported on the side of a. tank to which water is supplied
through a float-controlled valve. The water is siphoned through the container into a receiving-tank, the
pipe connecting the container and the receiving-tank being provided with a valve operated by a float
in the receiving-tank. The apparatus allows of regeneration of zeolite by means of sodium chloride in
the usual way. Specification 18867/14 is referred to. According to the Provisional Specification the
reagent container may be provided with a small pump attachment for starting the sipho

Existing water dispensers are modified or new water dispensers are built by incorporating into the
water dispenser (1) and annular collar (6) adapted to surround the opening into which the water bottle
(3) is normally inverted, the collar having secured thereto an annular lamp (6a) for emitting ultraviolet
and/or ozone- producing radiation, the lamp being at or adjacent the normal high water line (11) of the
reservoir (4) of water contained within the dispenser.
Porous membranes of cellulose acetate are prepared by precipitating a film of such solution with an 1
aqueous non-solvent, and subsequently treating the water-bearing film with a solvent miscible with
water and with a solvent organic liquid. In an example, the acetate is dissolved in acetic acid, and the
coagulent is water; such a film is impregnated with water, and for the dialysis of a benzene solution
the water must first be removed by washing with alcohol, acetone, or other liquid miscible both with
water and benzene. To give greater strength to the membrane, the film may be applied to a support
such as cloth. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to the preparation
of the membrane by allowing the film to dry incompletely. This subject-matter does not appear in the
Specification accepted.ALSO:Porous membranes adapted for the dialysis or ultra-filtration of solutions
of fatty bodies and resins in organic solvents, are prepared from solutions of cellulose acetate by
precipitating a film of such solution by the addition of an aqueous non-solvent, and subsequent
treatment of the water-bearing film with a solvent miscible with water and with the solvent of the
solution to be filtered. In an example, the acetate is dissolved in acetic acid, and the coagulant is
water; such a film is impregnated with water, and for the dialysis of a benzene solution the water must
first be removed by washing with alcohol, acetone, or other liquid miscible both with water and
benzene. To give greater strength to the membrane, the film may be applied to a support such as
cloth. Specification 134,228 is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3)
(a) refers to the preparation of a membrane by allowing the film to dry incompletely. This subject-
matter does not appear in the Specification as accepte

Water purification equipment comprising an inlet (7) a strainer (6), a self controlling sterilising device 1
(2, 9, 10) a settling compartment (3) and a filter 4 is arranged with the sterilising device (9) below the
highest water level, the level of the inlet (7), and above the level of an outlet from the filter 4.
Preferably the filter 4 includes a siphon device (17, 20) to automatically backwash it when a
predetermined back pressure occurs across the filter (4). A sterilising compound in the device is
preferably of solid but soluble form and the sterilising device is arranged so as to allow a greater
quantity of the compound to be dissolved when a greater flow of water to be purified occurs through
the device. The filter 4 preferably includes activated carbon. The equipment is particularly intended to
provide potable water from collected rainwater in rural areas and does not require any technical skill
to erect, start or maintain.

[From equivalent US4297222] A water treating method is disclosed. Water stored in a container is
circulated through an external passageway and subjected to ultraviolet radiation and biological
oxidation treatment, whereupon the growth of undesired aquatic chlorophyceae and microorganisms
is inhibited and at the same time, organic matter is decomposed and removed, thereby maintaining a
low COD level and clarifying water in the container. This method is particularly useful for keeping
water in a container clean.

Dirty water flows from a storage tank 1 through an inlet pipe 2 into a filter tank 3 where it is 1
successively filtered, deodorised and sterilised by a sponge layer filter 8, a fibre net filter, an ion-
exchange layer 10 and an activated charcoal layer 11. The clean water leaves the tank by way of an
outlet pipe 4 passing through a water pump 5 to a distribution pipe 6. The water flows under gravity,
or, if the pressure pipe 6 falls below a predetermined pressure sensed by pressure switch 7 the water
pump 5 is activated to positively pump the water through.

A system for obtaining ultra pure water employing a novel combination of three membrane processes 1
i.e., ultrafiltration, electrodialysis and reverse osmosis arranged in a series configuration with each
membrane unit progressively purifying the water until the desired product purity is reache
Water dispensing apparatus comprises an ultra-violet water purifying unit (2) in which a tubular ultra-
violet ray emitting lamp (4) is enclosed in a tubular casing (6) through which water is caused to flow in
contact with or closely adjacent to, a quartz envelope surrounding the ultra-violet lamp, a mains water
supply inlet (14) being connected through the casing adjacent to one end and a water circuit outlet
(26) being connected to the casing adjacent the other end, water being maintained in the casing
above the outlet to a pre-determined level (16) which is a sufficient distance (x) from the mains water
inlet to provide the required statutory water ""break"". The water circuit incorporates a pump (30) and
either a two-way dispensing valve/tap or a by-pass for a main dispensing valve/tap, between the
water circuit outlet and a water circuit inlet (28) which is connected through the casing of the water
purifying unit above the water circuit outlet but below the pre-determined water level. The circuit may
include a water cooler or heater, at (38).

An apparatus for the treatment of water includes a pretreatment filler to remove large scale particulate 1
matter, an activated carbon filter, in ion exchanger, and an ultrafilter membrane. The carbon filter may
be omitted or replaced with a sodium bisulfite injection stage to remove residual disinfectants in the
water. This system permits colloidal and organic materials to pass through the system to the ultrafilter
membrane where such materials are retained. Another embodiment, adapted for municipal water
supplies includes a particulate removal stage, an ultrafiltration stage and a disinfecting stage. A further
embodiment includes the steps of removing particulate matter, removing residual disinfectants, and
removing organic and colloidal materials in the water. Another embodiment includes the steps of
removing particulate material in the water, removing bacteria and trihalomethane ""precursors"" in the
water, and disinfecting the wate

N/A 1

A distillation separation membrane for use in desalination of sea water or brine has a hydrophobic 1
separation coating on the surface of a porous support member the coating being formed dynamically
on the porous support member by subjecting the surface of the porous support member to a
membrane forming component for a period of time sufficient to form a separation coating capable of
distillation separation of salt from wate

N/A

The unit purifies domestic water supplies by means of silver impregnated activated carbon 16, ion 1
exchange resin 10 and a series of silver plated filters 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, (22), (23). It is able to be
washed out with a solution of NaCl and water by filling the container 5 with NaCl crystals and allowing
water to flow through the system. The washing out can be carried out in situ by the user.
A water purifier (10) to purify water for drinking comprises a packed filter chamber (16), a jet-type 1
oxygen dissolution chamber (12), an UV lamp sterilization chamber (14), water circulation and
drainage structure, water supply structure and a control circuit. Water is circulated from tank (18)
through filter (16) to chamber (12) and back to the tank by a pump (20) which operates continuously
except when make-up water is being introduced into the purifier. The make-up water is introduced into
the filter (16) in response to signals from a liquid level sensor (64) in the tank (18).

N/A 1

N/A 1

A water jug in two sections 1 and 2, the two halves being separable by the user for internal cleaning, 1
houses a replaceable filter cartridge and engages with a free standing base unit 3, having an ultra
violet lamp and associated electrical circuits and components. An aperture 9 in the base unit and
matching ultra violet transparent window 5 in the lower section of the jug facilitate the transmission of
ultra violet light from the base unit into the jug. Disabling means 24 and 25 located between the jug
and the base unit prevents the lamp being energised when the jug is separated from the base unit.
Obscuration means prevent ultra violet light from escaping from the pouring spout when the filter is
removed or from the interface between the jug and the base unit whilst allowing free flow of water
commensurate with correct operation of the system.

[From equivalent US5888388] A filtration unit e.g. for ponds comprises a housing divided into a
radiation chamber (18) with a water inlet (20) and a filtration chamber (19) with water outlets (21,22).
A weir (23) in the partition wall (17) between the chambers controls the water level in the radiation
chamber (18). One or more UV tubes (25,26) are mounted in the radiation chamber (18) above the
water level therein controlled by the weir (23). Preferably the housing has a cover which is in two parts
a first (33) of which extends over the radiation chamber (18) and is secured by screws or the like so
that it cannot be removed inadvertently, and the second (34) of which extends over the filtration
chamber (19) and is hinged to give ready access to the filtration chamber (19).

Electrodialysis is characterised by contacting the water to be purified with the anode and/or cathode, 1
such that gas generated at the anode and/or cathode enters the impure water, using a portion of the
ion-depleted water to supply the concentrating path, and concentrating gas present in the ion-
depleted water in that portion which is supplied to the concentrating stream, thereby to diminish the
concentration of gas in the reminder of the ion depleted water that is delivered as product. This
portion is supplied by inlet 52 whilst purified water is dispensed at 6

N/A 1
A water treatment unit comprises inlet means 1 for insertion of grey water into the unit , a coarse filter 1
2 to which the grey water from the inlet means 1 is fed for removing coarse particles from the water, a
high pressure pump 3 to which the water from the coarse filter 2 is fed for moving the water around
the unit, fine filter means 5, 6, 7 to which water from the pump 3 is fed for removing fine particles from
the water, an activated carbon filter 8 for removing colour and chlorine from the water, a reverse
osmosis unit 10 fed with the water from the activated carbon filter 8 for removing other waste matter
from the water and outlet means 12 for supplying treated water from the reverse osmosis device 10
for for re-use. Cooler apparatus 9 and an anti-bacterial ultra-violet treatment unit 4 may be present.
Particulate removal may be by cyclone or settling tanks. The reverse osmosis unit de-ionises the wate

An energy recovery device, such as for transferring the energy of waste brine to fresh seawater in 1
reverse osmosis equipment for desalination of water, comprises: a piston 26 slidable in a cylinder 15;
a spool valve (10, Fig 3) in a housing 11 adjacent to the cylinder 15 and slidable in a direction
transverse to the cylinder 15 for selectively connecting one end of the cylinder 15 to waste liquid at a
relatively high pressure and to drain; and one-way valves 31, 32 for allowing feed liquid to enter the
other end of the cylinder at a lower pressure and be discharged from the cylinder at a higher pressure
due to the force of the piston 26 which is acted upon by the waste liquid. A rod 27 extends into, but not
through, the piston 26, ensuring that the area of the piston acting on the feed liquid is less than the
area of the piston acted upon by the waste liquid so that the piston acts as a pressure intensifie

A fluid treatment apparatus comprises a fluid inlet 12 and outlet 13, a granular filter media 15 1
arranged to filter fluid flowing from the inlet 12 to the outlet 13 and a device 14 arranged to vibrate or
agitate the media as fluid flows through the media between the inlet 12 and outlet 13. Vibrating or
agitating the granulated media in this way produces a grinding effect which serves to kill any micro-
organisms caught in the filter by rupturing their cell walls. The vibrator 14 may be an ultrasonic device.
A method of treating fluids is also claime

A filter system includes a liquid filter (4) to filter effluent into permeate. The filter (4) includes a ceramic 1
filter (20) containing one or more hollow conduits (20A). One end of the filter conduit/s (20A) is
connected to a filter flow inlet (4A) and the other end provides a flow outlet (4B). An inner hollow
chamber around the filter has a sealed end (22A) and an open end (22B). An outer hollow chamber
(24) is provided by an outer tube (23) around the inner chamber. The outer hollow chamber (24) has
an inlet (24A) connected to the inner chamber open end (22B) and has an outlet (24B) forming the
filter permeate outlet (9). A valve (10) connects a supply of compressed air to the outer hollow
chamber (24). In use effluent to be filtered passes under pressure through the ceramic filter conduit/s
(20A) from the flow inlet (24A) to the flow outlet (24B), and permeate is filtered out into the inner
chamber snd then flows into the outer hollow chamber (24). The outer hollow chamber (24) forms a
reservoir of clean permeate to be forced back through the ceramic filter (20) by compressed air to
clean the filter (4

A domestic water filtration system includes a first water treatment unit 7 with a replaceable ion 1
exchange resin water softener cartridge 15 accommodated in canister 19 and a second water
treatment unit 8 with a replaceable filter cartridge 16 including an activated carbon block 16a wrapped
with a depth filter 22a and a membranes filter 22b. A flow control device comprising a three-way valve
2 has an inlet 12 for connection to a mains water supply and two outlets 13, 14 respectively
connected to te inlets of the water treatment units 7,8 so that rotation of the valve spindle 10 in one
direction from an off position allows water to flow to the inlet 3 of the first treatment unit 7 and in the
other direction from the off position allows water to flow to the inlet 5 of the second treatment unit 8.
The outlet 4 of the first unit 7 is connected to the inlet 5 of the second unit 8, and the outlet 6 of the
second unit 8 is connected to a dispensing spout 9, so that the control valve 2 is selectively operable
so that either filtered water or softened and filtered water is discharged at the dispensing spout
A filter system comprises a transparent container 1 in communication with the inlet of a non- 1
transparent container 2 that contains two filter layers 7, 8 placed above a bio - medium 9. Below the
bio - medium is a sump 10 and the inlet of a pipe 11 which transfers filtered water out of the system.
Preferably water enters the filter system through an inlet 3 and is sprayed through spray bars 4 onto a
tray 5 supporting a first filter 6. The water then passes through the two filter layers 7, 8 which are
preferably made of foam before proceeding through the bio-medium and the sump prior to exiting the
system via the pipe 11. Preferably natural ultra-violet light from the sun sterilises the water in the
transparent container thus eliminating a need for high energy consuming ultra-violet sterilisers.
Advantageously the filter system is ecologically friendly and provides naturally occurring conditions
such as sunlight and bacteria to assist the filtration proces

A method for producing a solution enriched in magnesium chloride (MgC12) from seawater comprises 1
passing seawater 3 through a desalination process 4 to produce a magnesium-enriched brine 6 which
is then fed to a cation resin exchanger 7 which adsorbs the magnesium ions from the seawater and
then extracting the magnesium chloride into a regenerant solution 8. The method may further
comprise the use of a pre-treatment stage 2 which may comprise a screening or filtering stage
designed to prevent fouling of the desalination process (eg by sand). The desalination process may
be conducted by the use of Multiple Stage Flash distillation (MSF), Multiple Effect Distillation (MED),
Thermo-Vapour Compression Multiple Effect Distillation (TVC-MED), Mechanical Vapour
Compression Multiple effect Distillation or a reverse osmosis membrane process. The regenerant
solution may be an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride. Magnesium Chloride
may be released from the regenerant solution and/or further concentrated by evaporation, which may
be of the thermal or solar type. In use, the concentrated magnesium chloride produced by this
process may be used to produce manganese steel or magnesia (MgO

Seawater is pretreated to make it suitable for nanofiltration. The nanofiltered seawater is sent to a 1
thermal desalination plant, 14 which operates as a sodium chloride concentrator and a distilled water
producer. The concentrated sodium chloride solution is then crystallised (e.g. in a forced circulation
crystalliser 21). The crystallised sodium chloride is dewatered 25. This process should provide a high
purity sodium chloride product salt suitable for many industries. The salt produced should eliminate
many of the requirements of the primary and secondary brine pre-treatment for the chlor-alkali salt
electrolysis industry. The nano-filtration process 4 has a higher rejection rate for calcium, magnesium
and sulphate ions, than for Na or Cl ion

[From equivalent GB2399039A1] Removal of one or more undissociated organic acids or bases 1
dissolved in a fluid steam comprises separating the fluid stream into two fractions, a first fraction 2
and a second fraction 3. A base or acid 4 is then contacted with the first fraction 2 to provide a
stripping solution 5, in sufficient quantity such that at least one of the organic acids or bases present
in the first fraction 2 becomes dissociated. A selectively permeable membrane 6 is provided, having a
first surface and a second surface. One or more undissociated organic acids or bases is transferred
from the second fraction 3 to the stripping solution 5 across the membrane 6 by contacting the
stripping solution 5 with the first surface and the second fraction 3 with the second surface. The
volume and/or strength of the stripping solution 5 contacted with the first surface is regulated relative
to the volume of the second fraction 3 contacted with the second surface so that a driving force for
organic acid or base permeation is maintaine

A process and apparatus for treating produced water from oil and gas installations. The process is an
advanced oxidation process using a combination of ozone injection and ultraviolet (UV) treatment.
The process is used to remove residue dissolved and free oil within produced water prior to disposal
by converting the hydrocarbon to carbon dioxide and water. Various embodiments of apparatus (10)
are described including a cooled ozone generator (22) for use in hazardous areas, ozone injectors
(18) and parallel reaction vessels (46) to provide treatment in a continuous process on a single pas

A water treatment and storage vessel has a reservoir 50 for untreated water, a filter 51 and a main 1
vessel 2 for receiving and storing treated water. A Peltier-effect device 25 is located on or in a side
wall of the vessel 2 for removing heat from the water. The cold side of the Peltier is connected to a
heat sink 15 within the vessel 2, and the hot side is connected to a heat dissipater 20. The heat sink
15 comprises a number of fins defining channels to improve the circulation of water within the vessel
2. The handle 10 and base section 13b are provided with slots 35, 36 which cause air to be drawn
through the passageways 7, 8, thus improving heat loss from the heat dissipater 20. Also disclosed is
a liquid cooling vessel having a thermoelectric cooler on or in a side wall of the vessel so as to
encourage circulation of the liquid. A sprout allows liquid to be drawn from the bottom of the vesse
A method and well is disclosed for desalinating saline aquifer water, wherein saline aquifer water 1
flows from a subsurface aquifer layer directly into a downhole aquifer inflow region of a desalinated
water production well in which a downhole assembly of one or more desalination and/or purification
membranes is arranged, which separate the saline aquifer water into a primary desalinated water
stream which is produced through the well to surface and a secondary concentrated brine reject
stream, which can be disposed into a subsurface brine disposal zon

A filtered water dispenser comprises first and second tanks connected via a filter, a pump to transfer 1
any contents of the first tank through the filter to the second tank and a system based on an operating
condition of a pump to measure the total amount of water passed through the filter. Preferably a
magnetic reed switch or a micro-switch arrangement is used to measure the number of pump cycles
where each closure of the micro-switch is fed into an electronic totaliser. The filter may be replaced
when an electronic microprocessor, initialised for a water hardness receives an input from the totaliser
and calculates a filter replacement time. The need for filter replacement is indicated to a user by a
signal such as a ligh

The fluid purification device comprises a cylindrical filter member 12 made of porous plastic material. 1
The filter member is tubular in construction and has an inner longitudinally extending channel 14. The
outside surface of the filter member has a chemically treated fabricated nylon resin 30 adhered, or
otherwise attached, thereto. The resin is chemically treated by, for example, bonding nylon beads with
penta-iodide. Water, or another fluid, which passes through the resin is treated and purified by iodine
leaking into the water. Other similar chemicals could be used instead of iodine such as chlorine. Any
harmful compounds still in the water after it has passed through the resin are removed by the filter
member as it passes into the inner channel. The purified water is safe to be drunk by humans. One
end of the filter member 12 may be closed by a removable base member (16, Fig. 1). The base
member has incorporated therein an umbrella valve. The base member has a central aperture 18
extending therethrough. The base member may have further apertures in the vicinity of the central
aperture and a cap (20, Fig. 4) which has a plurality of small apertures (21, Fig. 4) which allow air to
flow down the channel and out through the base member while preventing fluid to flow back thorough
the base member into channel 14. In use, fluid contained with channel 14 can flow through outlet (28,
Fig. 1) via a stem (24, Fig. 1). A lid portion (26, Fig. 1) may engage with the rim of an outer casing of a
water bottle so that the filter member may be encased therein. The water can be accessed from the
inner channel 14 by simply sucking on the outlet 28 of the stem 2

A device for treating water or a fluid comprising one chamber 3 for the addition of brackish water or 1
fluid with an aperture at which point filtering membranes 8 can be put it place and water is forced
through these by compressed air to remove varying types of contaminants as water travels to the
second chamber (15, Fig. 2) . The membranes may be removed for cleaning or replacement. The
second chamber is used to sterilise the water or fluid with the use of ultraviolet irradiation source (18,
Fig. 2) powered by manually generated or clockwork power (20, Fig. 2). Access to the fluid from the
second chamber is prevented until sterilisation of the fluid therein is completed. The device comprises
an automated or magnetic latching valve powered by a capacitor or a manual valve operation of
which, when the device is in use, is effected after a time lapse sufficient for the sterilisation of the fluid
to be complete

The invention relates to improvements in the thermal desalination processes involving multistage 1
flash distillation (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED) and vapour compression (VC) generally and in
particular in an application to seawater desalination to produce potable water. The invention discloses
a process of integrated plant modifications and apparatus to enable significant upgrading in the
capacity of the thermal desalination plants, based on the increase of brine recirculation flow and
increase of the top brine temperature. Modifications include the provision of increased pumping to up
rate pressure and flow rate, removing non-condensables using venting, provision of a barometric
condenser, increasing demister area, increasing make up flow and blow down rate, adjustment of
brine flash orifices, injecting acid into the brine recirculation flow, using hybrid combinations including
nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, introducing scale inhibitors, scale control chemicals, and
sequestering agents, sponge ball cleaners and water softenin
The device comprises a reverse osmosis cell 12 containing a semi-permeable membrane 14, an 1
outlet 16 for the desalinated water 18, and an inlet 20 for the brackish water 10. The inlet is an open
inlet leading directly to said membrane, that is without the use of a pump. A method of desalinating
sea water for use on board a moving sea-going vessel comprises the use of the device, the inlet of
said device being positioned towards the direction of movement of said vessel wherein the relative
movement of the water past the vessel provides the necessary pressure to drive the reverse osmosis.
Further, the relative movement may be provided by seawater under tidal flow or river water. With no
moving parts or pump, the device is simpler to construct and less prone to breakdow

A filter cartridge (20) comprises a pleat pack (22) including filtration media (24) for removing 1
particulates from a fluid stream moving in a first direction through the filtration media (24). The pleat
pack (22) is formed into a tubular configuration with a plurality of circumferentially spaced pleats (26).
The filtration media (24) is periodically subject to a cleaning fluid stream moving in a second direction
opposite to the first direction. Potting material (64, 80) at axially opposite end portions of the pleat
pack (22) maintains the filtration media (24) in the tubular configuration. A support tube (82) is located
on a first side of the pleat pack (22). A retention device (100) comprising a metal band (120) and a rod
(122) disposed in the potting material (64, 80) of at least one of the axial end portions of the pleat
pack (22) is located on a second side of the filtration media (24). The rod (122) is fixed to the metal
band (120

A method of recovering hydrocarbons from a porous subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formation 21 1

comprising the steps of: a) feeding to at least one reverse osmosis unit of a desalination assembly 28
that is placed in an injection well 20 a high salinity water feed stream having a total dissolved solids
content (total salinity) of at least 10,000 ppm; b) driving a portion of the high salinity water feed stream
across a membrane in the reverse osmosis unit of the desalination assembly at a pressure above the
osmotic pressure of the high salinity water feed stream while excluding at least a portion of the
dissolved solids from crossing said membrane to produce a treated low salinity water product stream
having a total salinity of less than 5,000 ppm and a concentrated waste brine stream wherein the
hydrostatic head exerted by the high salinity water feed stream on the feed side of the membrane
provides at least a major component of the pressure required to overcome the osmotic pressure; c)
injecting the low salinity water product stream into the hydrocarbon-bearing formation from an
injection well; d) displacing the hydrocarbons with the low salinity water product stream toward an
associated production well; and recovering hydrocarbons from the formation via the production wel

A lamp assembly configured to fit within a sleeve, the assembly comprising: a lamp and a filter located
outside said lamp, such that in use said filter is provided between said sleeve and said lamp said filter
being configured to suppress transmission of radiation at predetermined wavelengths output by said
lamp. The lamp assembly may be used for ultraviolet water treatment and disinfectio

A portable direct current water-cleaner includes a tank 10 including a water chamber 11 for containing 1
water, and a component chamber, a pump 20 installed in the component chamber of the tank for
pumping the water, a filter 30 installed in the component chamber of the tank for filtering the water and
a valve 43 installed on the tank and operable between a first mode wherein water is pumped by the
pump to exit the portable direct current water-cleaner through the filter and a second mode wherein
water is pressurized by the pump and exits the portable direct current water-cleaner directly by-
passing the filter. A regulator 42 for regulating the hydraulic pressure of the water may be placed
between the pump and the valve. Preferably the pump is energized by a battery or the power supply
of a vehicl

A method and apparatus for operating a reverse osmosis desalination installation comprises sucking 1
water to be desalinated along a feed pipe from a feed water source by means of a pump and feeding
water under pressure from the pump to the feed water inlet of a membrane. For membrane cleaning
or flushing purposes, a first valve is closed to disconnect the pump from the source, and a second
valve is opened between a supply of de-fouling water and the feed pipe whereby de-fouling water is
drawn by the pump from the supply and into the feed pipe along which it flows towards the pump and
then on to the membran
A swimming pool filter comprises an ultra violet sterilization unit (a) and a silica sand filter (f). The UV 1
sterilization unit comprises three hundred, one watt UV LEDs with a twenty four volt power source.
The UV unit may be located in the lid of the filter, which may be a screw top lid. The filter body (d) may
be made of a tough plastic and fiber glass, with a hole at the fron

The invention relates to a water treatment system having a drive for driving a pump for pumping water 1
to a filter means including a reverse osmosis filter. The drive is powerable by a human, and the
system is configured to process water, including salt, to provide potable water. The system may pump
water to the filter means at a pressure of at least 60 bar, and preferably at least 69 bar. The system
may output up to at least 450 liters of potable water per day. To drive the system pedal means may be
used. The filter means may comprise a first filter step and a second filter step and the second filter
step may include a reverse osmosis filter. The system may include energy recovery mean

247,231. Quarzlampen Ges. Feb. 9, 1925, [Convention date]. Colour filters.-In apparatus for treating 1
liquids or gases with ultra-violet rays, the lamp d and its accessory parts are constructed so as to
close an opening in the vessel containing the liquid or gas. As shown in the Figure, an opening in the
vessel b is surrounded by a frame a which is closed by a quartz panel c. This panel is replaced by a
double-walled quartz con. tainer through which a cooling medium, such as water, may be passed, and
the water may be tinted, as with methyl violet, to filter the radiation

A filter means comprising a filter unit 22, locking connector 11 and tap connector 6. The locking 1
connector may join the tap connector 6 to the filter unit 22 directly or via a flexible hose (19; fig 6) that
is disposed between the locking connector 11 and the filter unit 22. The tap connector 6 comprises a
housing 33 with sealing part 31 which are connected by a bolt 5. The filter unit 22 comprises an upper
cover 4, lower cover 1 and a replaceable filter 3. The filter may be adapted for micro-filtration, ultra-
filtration and bacterial filtration. The input flow path 18 and the output flow path 14 are not in a single
line, see arrows, with the output flow path 14 from the filter means being displaced sideways from the
input flow path 17 to the filter means, the joint being to one side of the tap and the fluid flow path into
the joint being at substantially a right angle to the input flow path to the filter mean

A water container, such a jerrycan 10 or buttress, comprises a container housing 11 having four 1
sidewalls 12-15, a base 16 and a top 17. The jerrycan 10 includes a manual pump unit 18 and a water
filter cartridge 19 disposed within the housing 11, together with an externally mounted tap 20 coupled
to the water filter cartridge 19. A carrying handle 21 is integrally formed with the top 17. When
constructed the jerrycan 10 is sealed and is both water-tight and air-tight. The container housing 11
includes at least one internal brace member 30 consisting of a hollow tube 31 integral with the
sidewalls 13, 15. As well as preventing deformation of the jerrycan 10 under load, the hollow tube 31
may function as a wheel axle. The jerrycan 10 sidewalls 13, 15 may be provided with a pattern of
indentations to provide enhanced structural rigidity at selected locations, and resist deformation of the
sidewalls when under load. The indentations may be in the form of channels which can receive
strapping applied around the circumference of the jerrycan. The water filter cartridge 19 may be
removabl

A system and method of removing bacteriological contaminants from water comprises a pre-filter 1, a 1
pump 4, a hollow fibre membrane module 10, and a clean water outlet, characterised in that the
system is attached by attachment means to an input water container. The system may optional
include an air reservoir 12, wherein air is compressed during the pump down stroke and is expanded
during the pump return stroke thus enabling water to flow through the outlet during the return stroke
and allowing two directional cross-flow in the hollow fibre membrane module. Advantageously the
system provides a supply of biologically safe water in situations where there is no mains water supply
e.g. developing countries and emergencie
295,529. Muchka, J. Sept. 28, 1927, [Convention date]. Filters with loose filtering-materials. - The 1
filtering-medium, such as sand, gravel, quartz, or carbon, of a filter for water is sterilized by steam
generated in the lower part of the filter or in a container 6 connected thereto. Water is supplied to the
container 6, Fig. 1, through the pipe 2, which serves also as inlet for the water under treatment. The
container 6 may be heated by a soldering lamp or gas flame. A safety valve 8 is provided. The water
under treatment passes up a pipe 7 and down through the filtering medium 4 to an outlet 3. Fig. 2
shows an arrangement in which the pipe 7 is omitted, filtration is upward, and electric heating means
are provide

N/A 1

577,449. Purifying liquids. PERMUTIT CO., Ltd. Oct. 27, 1944, Nos. 21004 and 21005. Convention 1
date, Oct. 28, 1943. [Class 46] A device for use in the treatment of liquid, for example making
seawater potable, comprises a collapsable bag 10 of pliable plastic material with an outlet 14 and an
open top adapted to be closed by being folded downwards, the bag also having a filter 23 mounted in
a rigid support. One half of the wall of the bag is united to a stiff strip 30 and the other half to a thinner
strip 31, and the ends of the strips are untied to one another, so that by pressure at the ends the strips
can diverge to allow liquid to be introduced. The outlet 14 is closed by a plug 16 before the water and
heating material are put into the bag, after which the top end of the bag is folded four times over the
strips 30, 31 so that it abuts against a plate 34 provided with a buckle 32, and is secured by a strip 35.
The water is shaken with the treating material, left for a time and then can be used by being sucked
through the tube 14. The filter 23 is supported on one side by a ribbed perforated plate 22 and on the
other side by a rigid member 24. The device may be used in the treatment of sea-water with reagents
as described in Specification 576,699. It may also be used in ion-exchange treatment of other liquid

590,217. Purifying water. PERMUTIT CO., Ltd., PEMBERTON, R. T., and LAWRENCE, H. S. May 10, 1
1944, No. 8953. [Class 46] Apparatus for use in the treatment of saline water to render it potable
comprises a container having a body part to hold a bag of charges of reagents for the water, and a lid
to hold a purifier bag which incorporates a filter and an outlet through which purified water may pass
from the filter. The reagents may be those described in Specification 576,969. In the construction
shown a transparent container 1 holds a bag 3 containing charges of reagent 4 and the lid 2 holds a
flexible purifier bag 5. The bag which is described in Specification 590,266 has a filter 6 extending
across the bottom and secured to a rubber moulding formed with a skirt 11 and an outlet 7. The outlet
may be closed by a plug 19 attached to a strap 21 which is connected to the skirt 11 and is adapted to
hold the container 1 in place beneath the bag 5 as described in Specification 590,265. The skirt is
capable of being turned upwardly to form the side walls of a dish into which the bag 5 can be packed.
The mouths of the bags 3, 5 may be closed by means described in Specification 590,267, [Group XVII

590,266. Purifying water. PERMUTIT CO., Ltd., PEMBERTON, R. T., and LAWRENCE, H. S. May 10, 1
1944, No. 30076/46. Divided out of 590,217. [Class 46] A purifier bag for use in the treatment of water
to render it potable has flexible side walls with an open top and has a filter cloth extending across the
bottom, a strainer cloth being located between the cloth and the bottom to provide waterways to an
outlet. As shown, the bag 5 forms parts of apparatus described in Specification 590,217, for use in
producing drinking water from sea water, in which the water is shaken with chemical reagents as
described in Specification 576,969. The filter comprises a cloth 6 which, together with a coarsely-
woven strainer cloth 12, is secured in a rubber moulding 9 which forms the bottom of the bag 5. A
short rubber outlet tube 7 is moulded to the bottom 9. Specifications 590,265 and 590,267, [Group
XVII], also are referred t

N/A 1

N/A
[From equivalent GB2196329A] A portable water-purifying device 10 comprises a drinking cup 12, a 1
chemical container 14, a raw water receptacle 22 and a cover 36. Silvered carbon is contained in
upper compartment 42 and lower compartment 46 and a microbiocide resin in an intermediate
compartment 44. The chemical container 14 screws onto the rim of the drinking cup 12, with its lower
portion 74 projecting downwardly into it. The raw water receptacle 22 has a flange 28 which fits into a
depression 26 in the chemical container cap 24. The cover 36 can be used to scoop water into the
second receptacle 22. To ensure that all the water is properly filtered by the resin, two concentric rings
66 and 70 are provided in the resin compartment. The water flows into the resin compartment through
an outer ring of inlet holes 58, underneath the ring 66, over the top of the ring 70 and then out through
the central outlet holes 60.

[From equivalent GB2197647A] A water treatment device comprises upper (14) and lower (10) water 1
containers. A well (21) formed in the bottom of the upper container (14) contains a chamber (25)
which houses a water treatment agent. The well (21) extends into the lower container (10) when the
upper container (14) is mounted above the lower container (10), and the chamber (25) in the well has
grids, at its upper and lower ends, the grids permitting passage of water from the upper end of the
chamber to the lower end thereof. A passageway (37) for water formed between the chamber (25)
and the well (21) permits a flow of water from the bottom of the chamber (25) to a higher level before
allowing a discharge of water into the lower container. An advantage of such an arrangement is that,
by preserving a high water level in the well (21) containing the water treatment chamber (25), the
water treatment agent is maintained wet.

[From equivalent GB2200902A] Water is treated with a sterilising agent and a colouring agent and 1
then passed through a filter (26) which removes, among other matter, both of these agents from the
water. Any coloration in the filtered water is an indication that the filter is beginning to fail and requires
replacement.

[From equivalent EP343998A1] A method of treatment of water comprises the steps of passing a flow 1
of water through a filtering device (5) for removing particles in suspension in the water and passing at
least a proportion of the filtered water through an ultraviolet light irradiating device (11) for disinfecting
the water.

[From equivalent GB2206292A] Water for human consumption is passed through a filter element 9 1
and then through ultra-violet irradiator 2. A normally closed solenoid-operated valve 17 has in its
control circuit a micro-switch 15 which is operated by the proximity of a magnetic element 13, whose
position depends on the presence or absence of filter element 9 in its casing, so that if the filter
element is omitted the valve 17 cannot be opened, and no water will be delivered to the consumer
unfiltered. A non-return valve 20 in the filter casing inlet similarly actuates a second switch to activate
the irradiator 2 and booster pump 3 only when water is flowing.

[From equivalent GB2229175A] An apparatus 10 is provided for purifying and sterilising water. The 1
apparatus 10 has three chambers 16, 18 and 20 two of which 16 and 20 are filled with silica sand and
act as filters, and one of which 18 is filled with activated carbon and removes excess colour taste and
odour from the water being treated. The apparatus further comprises a chlorine tablet dispenser 14
and alum pot 28. A valve 34, 36 and 40 and pipe arrangement enables the flow of water to be
controlled such that the two filtrating agent chambers 16 and 20 can be operated in tandem or
independently of one another thereby enabling clean water produced from one of the chambers 16,
20 to backwash the other.

[From equivalent GB2249306A] A transportable cabin 1 is fitted out with water treatment equipment 1
e.g. for addition of chlorine, fluorine and/or sulphur dioxide. Cabin 1 and water treatment equipment
comprise a complete and fully equipped water treatment station which can be readily connected to a
water supply on site to begin working immediately and should the treatment station no longer be
needed the cabin 1 can be readily disconnected from the water supply and transported to an
alternative site location or storage depot. The cabin may be provided with water quality analysers, a
microprocessor for controlling injection of the additive, and an alarm system.

N/A
[From equivalent GB2247191A] A recycling plant is provided for water from a vehicle wash. The plant 1
has an inlet pipe 10 loading to a storage tank 12 from which water is pumped to a three compartment
main tank 18. The tank 18 is connected to a reverse osmosis assembly 28 comprising a relatively
long tubular semi permeable membrane. The product from the assembly 28 is fed into a rinse storage
tank 32. The discharge from the assembly 28 returns to the tank 18. The plant also includes an
activated carbon filter 36 and a blend valve 38 for blending water from the tanks 20 and 32. Means
are preferably provided for applying an electric potential across the membrane to vary the osmotic
pressure.

9486. Koch, A. April 23, 1912, [Convention date]. Radiations, effecting reactions by.-Natural water is
treated for the purpose of preventing the formation of scale when used in steamboilers by subjecting it
to sunlight or artificial light in which blue predominates, and in a condensed state. The water flows
over a glass plate, and a reflector for blue light is placed behind, and the water may be also treated
with light from a screen placed in front. In the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, water flows over a vertical or
inclined glass plate a with a screen c for transmitting blue light in front and a reflector b at the back. To
increase the effect, the glass plate a or the reflector b, or both, are provided with devices .for
condensing the light, such as lenses, prisms, or concave mirrors. The Specification as open to
inspection under Section 91 (3)(a) comprises also a modification in which water is treated in a vessel
i, Fig. 5 (Cancelled), having a reflecting inner surface q, with light from an electric lamp m of any
preferred kind arranged in a protective casing p. This subject-matter does not appear in the
Specification as accepte

25,730. Shankland, G. R. Nov. 11. Liquids, purifying; portable filters.-A portable device for softening 1
and filtering water comprises a vessel a having a space f to receive the untreated liquid and a space
for zeolites c, held in position by perforated plates d, e, and a vessel b to receive the treated liquid
after passage through the zeolites. The joint may be made by forming the lower end of the vessel a as
shown, and using a packing-ring i ; or the vessels may be screwed together. When not in use, the
vessel a may be packed within the vessel b as shown in Fig. 2, a cap m being provided for the open
end of the vessel b. In the packed arrangement, the space f may be used as a receptacle for a
shaving or other small travelling outfit. The vessel b may be used as a shaving or drinking cup. A
modification is shown in which separate vessels for the water to be treated and for the zeolites
replace the vessel a. The three vessels can be packed one within the othe

[From equivalent GB2256377A] A mobile desalination plant comprises desalination apparatus (4) on 1
board a ship (1). The ship has an upperhold (2) for the desalination apparatus (4) and a lowerhold (3)
for freshwater. Seawater to be processed is taken up and pumped to the desalination apparatus (4)
from a seawater compartment in the underside of the ship, the level of which varies according to the
draught of the ship (1)
693,601. Filters; fitter media; purifying water. QUINN, D. H. May 22, 1951 [May 26, 1950], No. 1
11938/51. Class 46 A portable water filter comprises a flexible liquid container connected by a flexible
tube to a filter housing containing filtr a t i o n means. The filtration means may consist of paper
comprising between 10 and 40 per cent asbestos fibres which may be impregnated with a bactericide.
An adsorptive agent such as an ion-exchange material may be included. Water to be filtered passes
outwards from a bag 1a for effecting preliminary filtration into a flexible container 1. Fig. 1. and thence
down a flexible tube 2 to a series of small inlet ports 10 in an upper part 3 of a filter housing. The
water is distributed laterally in the housing by a mesh screen 8 and then passes through a disc 6 of
the paper filter medium clamped between ridges 7 on the upper member 3 and a lower part 4 of the
housing screwed thereinto. The filtrate issues from a series of outlet ports 11 in the lower part 4 into
the screwed nozzle 5 of a water bottle. The disc 6 preferably is impregnated with a bactericide such
as silver chloride; the bag 1a may also be so impregnated. The filter disc may be permeated with an
adsorptive agent such as fine granules of activated carbon or with granules of anion- or
cationexchange resins, or such agents may be retained in a layer or layers between two or more
layers of filtering material. The parts of the filter housing may be made of a transparent plastic
material such as polystyrene. In order to ensure that particles of impurities are not forced through the
filter by the application of excessive pressure the water in the container 1 should initially be not more
than 2 feet above the filter. As the filter disc becomes clogged increased pressure is obtained by
raising the container to a higher level at each filling of the container until it is vertically above the filter.
In the modification of Fig. 3 the upper part 14 of the filter housing comprises an internally threaded
circular recess to receive a disc member 19 having finger holes 20 and a central hole suitably tapered
to conform with an externallytapered inlet nozzle 15 for clamping the tube 18. Each of the mesh discs
23 is secured to its respective part of the filter housing by a press-button fastener 24, the neck of
which fits loosely in the housing part so that the discs 23 remain stationary with, and thus do not
abrade, the filter disc 6 whilst the parts 24, 25 are being screwed together. An internally-screwed bore
27 is provided to receive the nozzle of a water bottle as before; a drip ring 29 prevents water from
dripping over the outside of the nozzle. Ridges 30 prevent unfiltered water from coming into contact
with the nozzl

[From equivalent GB2312175A] A portable container 2 for purifying drinking water comprises a body 1
portion 6 for containing the drinking water 4, a filter 14 for filtering the water and a air pump for
delivering air to an ozone generator 10 in order to produce a mixture of air and ozone. The mixture of
air and ozone is delivered via pipe 16 to the drinking water 4 in the body portion 6. This causes the
drinking water 4 and the mixture of air and ozone to pass through the filter 14 whereby the filter 14
filters the drinking water. The ozone purifies both the water and the filter 14 i.e. kills the bacteria
contained therein. The killing of the bacteria in the filter helps to regenerate the filter thus prolonging
its effectiveness. The container may be in the shape of a jug or kettle. There is also shown (FIGS. 2,3)
electrical circuits used in generating the ozon

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A sheet or film of cellulosic material impregnated with ferric hydroxide is provided with a film-forming
polymer coating on a surface thereof. Specified cellulosic materials are regenerated cellulose,
carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate. Specified coatings are copolymers
containing at least 50% vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, nitrocellulose, and
polyalkylenes, e.g. polyethylene and polypropylene. Before coating, the ferric hydroxide-impregnated
cellulosic sheet or film is treated with a plasticizer and an anchoring agent, both of which may be
incorporated in an aqueous treating bath of water soluble. The plasticizer may be glycerol. Specified
anchoring agents are melamine-formaldehyde precondensates, urea-formaldehyde precondensates,
polyalkylenimines, and epoxy-resins. In one embodiment, a plasticized and anchor treated
regenerated film is coated by conventional techniques with a lacquer comprising 20% of a copolymer
of 90% vinylidene chloride and 10% acrylonitrile, dissolved in a mixture of 60 parts tetrahydrofuran,
and 40 parts toluene containing small amounts of clay, wax and alkyd resin. The orange or amber
coloured coated films absorb ultra-violet ligh
The invention relates to an automatic coin-freed machine destined for the vending of bulk purified
drinkable water which vending machine is composed of the muddiness filter 2, the activated carbon
filter 3, the anti-scaling product dosimeter 7, the reverse osmosis membrane (8,9,10,32,13, the UV
sterilization system (5,20), the re-hardening filter 15, the treated water mixing system 34, 31, 14, the
inox cistern 17,18,33, the coin inserting port 23, 22 and the necessary materials for the connection
and smooth operation of the component systems which, being placed into a metal box 30, form an
independent and autonomously-operating unit liable to be placed at public or private areas in order to
supply purified drinkable water to consumers all around the clock. Said water vending machine may
be supplied with water issued from different water sources. Advantages: environmentally friendly
supply of purified drinkable water in an easy and economic manner, no matter the unsuitability of the
local water for drinking purposes may be; the supplied water quantity (filling of the container 27) is
equivalent to the price expressed by the coin inserted into the coin inserting port 2

Subject: biological filter used for the simultaneous or separate or combined removal of hydrogen 1
sulphide, ammonia, iron and manganese from drinkable water. Operation process: the filling material
of the filter consists of silicon gravel while the filter is vaccinated with indigent water bacterial
population. The dimensions of the filter and the height of the filling material are defined by the
volumetric supply and the concentration of the water pollutants. Aeration is obtained in a natural
manner by the water fall and the temperature difference existing between water being under
treatment and ambient air. Oxidation of pollutants is realized either by natural oxidation of mainly by
use of adequate micro-organisms able to catalyse distinct reactions. The co-existence of
microorganisms demands adequate calculations and operational conditions. Advantage: complete
removal of pollutants with no addition of chemicals; very low fixed recurrent cost and nul operational
cos

A process for reducing arsenic, iron, manganese and organic material content of contaminated water, 1
involves pre-treating the contaminated water with chemicals; and applying a two-stage separation to
the pre-treated water, where the first stage is a pre-separation in liquid space and the second stage is
a membrane separation that provides surface separation. The process provides concentrated
discharge of waste materials. A process for reducing arsenic, iron, manganese and organic material
content of contaminated water, involves pre-treating the contaminated water with chemicals; and
applying a two-stage separation to the pre-treated water, where the first stage is a pre-separation in
liquid space and the second stage is a membrane separation that provides surface separation. An
apparatus for reducing arsenic, iron, manganese and organic material content of contaminated water,
comprises a chemical mixing unit; a pre-separating unit; a mud collecting and thickening unit; and a
membrane filtering unit for sparing ultra-filtering or micro-filtering. The membrane filtering unit
contains a membrane reactor and a submerged membrane unit mounted in the membrane reactor.
The submerged membrane unit has an input connected to a first output of the pre-separating unit; and
an output connected to an input of the chemical mixing unit through a water flow that needs to be
cleaned, or to an input of the mud collecting and thickening unit. The mud collecting and thickening
unit has a first output connected to the input of the chemical mixing unit through the water flow to be
cleaned. The output from the submerged membrane unit is an output of cleared water of the
apparatus. The process provides concentrated discharge of waste materials. In the process, the
waste material produced during the pre-separation stage is led from a second output of the pre-
separating unit to the mud collecting and thickening unit, while the pre-separated liquid is led from the
first output of the pre-separating unit to the membrane reactor of the membrane filtering unit filled with
liquid, where a sparing membrane separation is performed in the submerged membrane unit. The
thickened product from an output of the membrane reactor, and the water from an output of the mud
collecting and thickening unit, are led back to a water flow which is to be cleaned. The concentrated
waste product containing arsenic is led away from the output, and the cleared water filtered by the
membrane is obtained from the output of the submerged membrane uni

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[From equivalent IT1262053A] Procedimento per il recupero della sericina disciolta nei bagni di 1
sgommatura provenienti dal trattamento di sgommatura dei cascami di seta e/o dei filati di seta tratta
e/o dei tessuti di seta, i bagni di sgommatura (11, 111) venendo sottoposti ad una fase di
ultrafiltrazione (13), essendo presente una eventuale fase di stoccaggio (35), detta fase di
ultrafiltrazione (13) producendo almeno un primo concentrato (15, 115) ed un primo permeato (14,
114).Impianto per la realizzazione del procedimento di recupero della sericina posto a valle
dell'impianto di sgommatura, secondo una o l'altra delle rivendicazioni precedenti, comprendente un
gruppo di ultrafiltrazione (38).Sericina recuperata dai bagni di sgommatura dei filati di seta tratta, dei
tessuti di seta o dei cascami di seta ricavata dal procedimento e/o l'impianto di cui sopr

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To certainly remove offensive smell and off-taste while ensuring a 1
sufficient water emitting amt. by arranging a filter containing activated carbon to the upper part of a
household drinking water container and placing a container having a flowing water opening on the
bottom part thereof and injecting water or hot water to purify water or hot water through the filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the prevention of the backflow of high-pH permeate by 1

installing a check valve upstream from an alkali injection point of piping for introducing the permeate
of the first reverse osmosis equipment to the second reverse osmosis equipment and closing the
check valve when a high pressure pump is stopped during the shutdow
PURPOSE: To mineralize and ionize water by magnetizing and purifying water at the time of water
purification and at the same time provide mineral and ionic water as drinking water by installing an
ultraviolet generating apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a safe and delicious water and to obtain a visual 1
representation effect by providing a cartridge filled with a granular material in which the granular
material is filled movably in a case having at least a transparent part and provided with a pure water
introducing port 2 at a lower part on a flow passage of the pure water from a water purifying mechanis

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an attaching and removing of each cartridge easy by providing 1
projectingly a hang hook and a fixed hook at a plate opposed to a groove on a cylindrical body side
surface of an antibacterial activated carbon filter cartridge and a supermicrofilter cartridge and
constituting both cartridges so as to be mounted to a cylindrical body through one actio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve sterilizing effect in a purifier for sterilizing circulated bathtub
water by ultraviolet ray

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain carbon dioxide-added water which is safe and tasty by 1
providing a gas dissolving part for dissolving carbon dioxide into purified water from a water purifying
part and a retained water discharge part for discharging residual purified water in a system and
connecting the retained water discharge part with the vicinity of the purified water outlet of the water
purification part and the gas dissolving part with the downstream side from the retained water
discharge par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance sterilizing efficiency by effectively utilizing ozone by

providing a sterilizing apparatus having a heater heating bath water circulated by a circulating pump,
a purifying filter filtering impurities from bath water and a sterilizing lamp generating ultraviolet rays
with a specific wavelengt

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the clogging of the air diffusion port of an air diffusion pipe 1
and to disperse air bubbles blown out of the air diffusion port throughout a liqui
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable photoactivation even in a visible rays region to make an
ultraviolet lamp unnecessary and to simplify an apparatus by using a photoactivating water-treating
agent prepd. by mixing titanium oxide powder with photoactivity in an ultraviolet rays region and iron
oxide powder with photoactivity in a visible rays region and calcining this mixed powder by heatin

PURPOSE: To improve a treatment flow rate and life and to perfectly remove bacteria, by 1
successively arranging powdery activated carbon, the filter cloth holding the powdery activated
carbon to prevent the outflow thereof and hollow yarns, wherein numberless communication pores
having an extremely small diameter are formed to a tubular body, along a water flow directio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to acquire potable water in the event of a disaster or 1
emergency by disposing an input drivable means which pumps up raw water and boosts the raw
water to a high pressure and a means for separately accepting the raw water of the high pressure in
parallel and providing the inside of a raw water piping with a separating membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce good source water for city water so that even when
trichloroethylene or the like is mixed in the water, trichloroethylene can be decomposed, by using a
fiber contact material as a filter bed in a first stage to remove lots of algae and then removing the
residual algae and org. matter by irradiation of UV rays and using a biological filter in a second stag

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restore the permeation flux of a membrane by surely removing the 1
contaminant of the membrane generated in a permeated water collection operation even if the cross-
sectional area of the permeated water conduit of the membrane constituting a membrane module is
small and the number of the membranes is too larg

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous filter membrane capable of stably performing 1

filtering treatment over a long period of time and excellent in durability and a membrane module using
the filter membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restore water permeating quantity by executing a 1st step for cleaning 1
a separation membrane for water treatment with an acidic solution and a 2nd step for cleaning it with
an alkaline solution containing formalin and an alkali assistant in this order to effectively remove a
mixed soil stuck to the membrane without damaging the membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep flux high over a long period by performing constant pressure 1
filtration in a specific range of the differential pressure of a membrane, which is proportional to the
flux, in the constant pressure filtrating method using an external pressure type hollow fiber membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter of which the purifying function is enhanced by raising 1
raw water through a filter medium by utilizing siphon effect. SOLUTION: This filter consists of a raw
water receiver 1 having rough filtering function and a filter main body 2. The filter main body 2
consists of the water guide part 3 provided to the outer periphery thereof, the purified water drain pipe
5 arranged to the central part thereof and the filter medium housing part 6 arranged between the
water guide part 3 and the drain pipe 5 and the raw water flowing down from the raw water receiver 1
is allowed to flow down from the water guide part 3 and raised through the filter medium housing part
6 from the lower part of the water guide part 3 to be filtered and purified water is gathered from the
upper part of the filter medium housing part 6 to be allowed to flow down from the upper part of a
purified water drain pipe 5 to be taken out of the lower part thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the damage to a UV lamp and to safely and certainly clean an
outer tube and the UV lamp by making the UV lamp and outer tube of an ultraviolet sterilizing device
for water arranged in a bathing water circulating passage freely detachable with respect to the
apparatus main body and also making the UV lamp separable with respect to the outer tub

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent filtration efficiency from being lowered by the clogging of a 1
mud discharge opening by concentrated suspended substances by installing an air diffusing tube
under a membrane module in a filtration tank, forming a precipitation part and the mud discharge
opening in the bottom part of the filtration tank, and arranging a mud discharge opening clogging
preventive means near the mud discharge openin

PURPOSE: To guide the current from the power feed part of a UV sterilizing lamp to the outside in
water with a conductive structure as earth to prevent the danger on the human body by disposing the
above-mentioned structure to the outside of a water cooling jacke

PURPOSE: To treat the harmful matter in water and to prevent dyeing of shellfishes by injecting the
ozone formed by a UV sterilizing lamp into raw water to treat the water with the ozone, then projecting
UV rays thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the generation of scales to make RO treatment possible and 1
to efficiently remove boron even in a large-scale water treatment by mixing a substance forming a
complex with boron into a boron-contg. water and applying reverse-osmosis membrane treatment to
the water contg. the complex to separate the comple
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To discharge backwash water uniformly and improve the backwash 1
efficiency by feeding water in a body vessel with a pleated element and increase the resistance on the
outer surface of a pleated type filter membrane at the time of backwashin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize the operation and remove ammoniacal nitrogen and fungus 1
smell substances in raw water by interposing a plurality of specified carriers having the microbe
conservation function between the film filter surface

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier constituted so that foreign matter accumulated 1
on the surface of a membrane is easily removed by enabling light and simple backwashing, extended
in its life and capable of preventing the propagation of various bacteria caused by accumulated
foreign matte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a support structure of a filter membrane plate capable of 1

easily attaching the filter membrane plate to the water treatment tank of a purifying tank having a size
and shape of every kind regardless of the size of the filter membrane plat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enlarge the size of a water collection tube so as to, prevent the water 1
collection tube from being broken and to prevent contamination of transmitted water by providing the
water collection tube for collecting water in a separation element and also allowing it to penetrate the
device wall of a pressurized container to be protruded it to the outside of the device wall, and having a
tube end part connected integrally in one piec

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To thoroughly sterilize water from just after city water is supplied by using
an U.V. lamp not enough to sterilize in intensity of irradiation of U.V. rays just after lighting and also
lighting the U.V. lamp only at a time of nearly use (in a state allowing water to flow

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a uniform zeolite film a almost free from defects and having 1
superior separating performance by forming a zeolite film on a porous substrate by hydrothermal
synthesis using a sol of composite colloid consisting of silica and a metal oxide other than silica in a
stock sol
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To create water current in a hollow fiber membrane module and thereby 1
remove pollutants accumulating on the surface of hollow fiber membranes by peeling action by
opening the interiors of the hollow fiber membranes at the fastening end part where the end parts of
the hollow fiber membranes are fastened to gather water and forming a through part with a specific
area with the cross section of the end par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an outstanding detergent action to be displayed on clogging of 1

a porous membrane through which untreated water containing a large quantity of manganese and
iron without necessity to perform a backwash by circulating a liquid containing hydrochloric acid and
organic acid through a porous membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve seal stability of a membrane element against air scrubbing by 1
arranging flat membranes on both the sides of a frame, to bond contact surface of the rear of the
peripheral part of each flat membrane and a frame with a coating adhesive and applying an adhesive
on the surface of the peripheral part of each flat membrane over the inner peripheral position of the
fram

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the cleaning effect of a membrane surface of a flat 1

membrane module by bubbles blowing from a diffusing pip

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and certainly remove various bacteria different in size by 1
providing filters having different water passing pore sizes along the flow of raw water and to prevent
that killed bacteria are collected by other filter to be mixed with purified water even if bacteria are
killed by supplying a current to a conductive filter. SOLUTION: In this water purifying and sterilizing
apparatus constituted so that raw water such as tap water is passed through a first filter 20 to collect a
residual chlorine component such as hypochloric acid, a fungal smell, bacterial or the like and voltage
is applied to the first filter 20 to kill bacteria collected by the first filter 20, a second filter 27 having a
water passing pore size smaller than that of the first filter 20 is provided on the downstream side of
the first filter 20. By this constitution, when raw water passes through the respective filters 20, 27,
bacteria contained in raw water are collected by the filters 20, 27 corresponding to the sizes thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To well purify an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp used in a bath water circulato

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform composite sterilization of ultra-violet rays and ozon 1
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent sliding of a filter-membrane cartridge and wear of a filter plate 1
resulting therefrom by providing an comb-shaped protrusion made of an elastic material to be forced
into the gap between the filter-membrane cartridge under pressure to a presser plate abutting on the
peripheral part of the arranged cartridge and holding the cartridg

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the concentration ratio of salts in concentrated water and to 1
facilitate a salt treatment by subjecting concentrated water separated with reverse osmosis
membranes to permeation membrane filtration, also subjecting the resulting permeant water to
reverse osmosis membrane treatment to obtain highly concentrated water, further subjecting the
concentrated water obtained with the permeation membrane filtration to crystallization treatment and
reintroducing the resulting supematant to the permeation membranes for the above permeation
membrane filtration, in the subject water treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To heighten the membrane filling ratio of hollow fiber membranes and 1
surely prevent clogging of inter-membrane routes by arranging hollow fiber membranes in parallel to
the raw water flowing direction and positioning the end parts of respectively neighboring hollow fiber
membrane elements in the upstream side of the raw water flowing direction at different positions in
the raw water flowing direction, regarding hollow fiber membrane elements in which hollow fiber
membranes are arranged in paralle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat water to be treated stably for a long term of time by a method 1
wherein in an oil drop separation means, electric power is supplied to an electrode composed of an
amphoteric metal as an anode, water to be treated containing a micro oil drop is treated, the water to
be treated after treatment is introduced into a three-dimensional fixed bed type electrolyzer, and
electric power of which polarity is converted is supplied to a fixed bed type electrode to carry out
germicidal treatmen

PURPOSE: To make an external layer of a compound hollow yarn membrane having small film 1
thickness and to produce a compound hollow yarn membrane having high water permeability in one
stage by adjusting the concn. of an internal layer and an external layer of solns. of high molecular
polymers to within specified ranges and adjusting the ratio of the concns. to \Age; a specified valu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sterilize water such as clean water and sewage effectively using a
photocatalyst by controlling the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) in a treatment tank at a value
corresponding to bacteria and viruses to be killed by the quantity of the added photocatalys

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively extirpate bacteria, etc., suspending in water by forming an

air passage with a composition contg. the mixture of tourmaline powder and the oxide powder of an
N-type semiconductor metal, passing air through the passage and irradiating the composition with a
UV of specified wavelengt
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation vessel capable of easily and 1
adequately changing the flow of a water to be treated even in the case that the water quality is
variously differen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purifying device for preventing the releasing-off or the 1
washing-away of foul solids grown and adhered on the surfaces of a container and a filter medium
with the lapse of time of use by water curren

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove not only water-soluble toxic substances but also turbid 1
components in the water to be purified by capturing even organic matter with large particle shape for
fixing a photocatalyst on the upper face of micro- filtration filter and decomposing the organic matter
while spending tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a raw water temperature adjusting apparatus for a water 1
purifier for preventing deterioration of the function of a membrane due to raw water temperature
decrease in the winter tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier capable of supplying a high-purity water by 1

purifying the raw water such as city water contg. chlorine without need to previously remove the
chlorin

PURPOSE: To aim at the removal of muddiness and odor from the water in a bathtub by providing a
pump-driven water passageway with a filter medium for purification, an ultraviolet ray lamp positioned
downstream of the filter medium for sterilizing the water and the filter medium and a jet stream means
at an exit of the passagewa

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the deterioration of membrane performance due to interfiber- 1

clogging, etc., by a method in which hollow fiber separation membranes are arranged in the
catchment basin of a catchment part so that hollow fiber separation membrane bundles are separated
from each other to avoid alternate contact and connection, and the membranes or the bundles are
stretched loosel
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reuse hollow fiber membranes for the filtration of raw water after a 1
deposit being removed safely and surely by separation-removing the deposit adherent to the hollow
fiber membranes after the filtration of raw water, by circulating hot water through the hollow fiber
membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply purify water to be used as drinking water and living water in 1
emergency or in leisure by constituting a water purifier from a container in which a large opening
through which a filtration film can pass and a small opening which prevents the film from being
extracted outside by its own weight are provided separatel

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continuously execute an adsorption of an org. matter to be treated

and a decomposition by a photocatalytic reaction by providing a supporting body carrying an
adsorbing material and a photocatalyst in a contact state so that an immersing into water and a
pulling-up to a water surface may be executed and irradiating the supporting body pulled-up on the
water surface with ultraviolet radiatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for purifying the water exhibiting the high 1
chromaticity and/or high potassium permanganate consumption in contravention of the water
standard set by the ordinance of the Welfare Ministry to a drinking water leve

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably and efficiently obtain a high-quality treated water by efficiently 1
removing the fluoride in the treated water to a high degree, easily controlling the operation and
reducing the deposition of scale

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control propagation of microorganism by a method wherein a space

inside a main body is divided into a primary region communicating with an influent system of water to
be treated and a secondary region communicating with an effluent system of the water to be treated,
and active carbon staying in layers under a fluid state in the primary region and an ultraviolet radiation
lamp are store

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To well purify the protective pipe provided to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp
used in a bath water circulating apparatu
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate exchange operation of a jacket and an ultraviolet lamp by
eliminating occurrence of secondary environmental pollution by a method wherein one end of a
protective jacket containing an ultraviolet lamp is supported with a strut, and the other end of the
protective jacket is supported with a chai

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide high heat resistance and alkali resistance and prevent 1
deterioration of excellent membrane strength by contact with a surfactant by using blend resin
containing poly(ally sulfone) and/or polysulfones to form a separation membrane for treating a liquid
containing a surfactan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely and easily produce a purified water at an arbitrary time by 1
using a pressure pump using a secondary power source as a liquid feed means and arranging a
sterilization filter provided with a porous membrane having a specific average particle diameter at the
down stream of a main filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lower cost burden and heighten work efficiency by installing a hot 1
water backflow preventing means comprising a stopper and a ball, which opens or closes a route of a
pipe while moving up and down due to water pressure and self weight, in a vertical line of the pipe
which connects a pure water storage tank and a hot water tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce and remove soluble organic substances in raw water and to 1
hold mineral and hardness components by constituting a water purifier with the use of a nano filtration
fil

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a portable water purifier to be utilized for the portable use, the 1
emergency use and the like and to be installed simply and securely on a tap for tap water of various
shapes, particularly a tap formed of an outflow opening of tap water provided on the lower side of a
horizontal site of a pipe section flowing the tap water. SOLUTION: While a water purifier main body 12
with a filter means for filtering a liquid passed through inside from a liquid inlet toward a liquid outlet
communicates with an outflow opening 54 of a tap 52 for tap water on the liquid inlet, the water
purifier is brought into contact with a peripheral edge site of the outflow opening 54 of the tap 52 for
tap water through a buffer member 16 with a liquid passing opening 44 communicating with the liquid
inlet of the water purifier main body 12. Under the disposition state, a bar member 14 set between a
horizontal site 56 of the tap 52 for tap water and the water purifier main body 12 are kept in tension,
and the tension state is kept releasably to constitute the state of installing the water purifier 12 to the
tap 52 for tap wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a removal device for organic substance in which organic 1
substance is efficiently and stably removed from water containing high- concentration organic
substance such as high concentration organic-based waste liquid discharged from a semiconductor
producing facility (for example, developing waste liquid discharged from a photolithographic process)
and also treatment cost is reduce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an odorless highly treated water by lessening a danger of a 1

generation and leakage of a malodorous gas to make a device compact, and effectively executing
deodorization, flocculation acceleration, sterilization and decolorin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently reduce and remove the soluble org. matter in raw water by 1
communicating an outlet from an activated-carbon bed connected to a raw water inlet with the feed
water port of a nanofilter membrane module and providing a bypass communicating the raw water
inlet with the feed water por

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter membrane module regenerating method capable of 1

executing a stable operation over a long period of time at the time of executing a filtering operation
again after washing the filter membrane module deteriorated in water permeabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a city water treating method capable of effectively removing 1
trihalomethane from the city water by excluding a bacteria proliferation while securing a resistance to
chlorine with a small-sized water purifying device and at a low operation cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize the performance of a manganese-removing filter membrane 1

device, to prolong the service life of the membrane and to reduce the operation cost of the device by
adopting an operating method controlling copper concn. to be lo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To element the troubles that the operation is reguired to be done 1
manually and that both sides of a film cannot be cleaned sufficientl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus using a porous carbon electrode 1
electrolytic cell constituted so as to operate a regeneration means capable of always keeping
sterilizing capacity as a water purifying means and having function for forming alkaline water and
acidic water or special sterilizing functio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the rate at which the quantity of a permeated water is 1
recovered by arranging a larger filtration particle than the pore diameter of a membrane, on the
permeated water side of the membrane and filtering the water to be treated with the help of the
membrane after filtering the water to be treated through the filtration particl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sterilize easily various kinds of bacteria and eliminate the necessity of
replacing parts periodically by providing an electrolysis section on the upstream side in a passage in
which water is flowed, providing an ultraviolet radiation section on the downstream side in the
passage and also providing a photoexcitation catalyst section facing the ultraviolet radiation section in
the passag

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to effectively and stably obtain fresh water from high 1
concentration solution in higher recovery and at low energy by installing a specified first reverse
osmosis membrane module at the prestage and installing a specified second reverse osmosis
membrane module at the poststag

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively sterilize the microorganisms such as microbe, protozoa in 1

concd. wafer by supplying ozone to the raw water contg. microorganisms, then concentrating the
microorganisms with an ozone-resistant membrane and discharging at least a part of the concentrate
outside the syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purification device of superior reliability for preventing the 1
proliferation of fungi by a simple constitutio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely sterilize water, to easily wash a tube and to enhance accuracy
of measurement of U.V. ray intensity in which an inflow quantity into respective tubes is kept constant
and an U.V. ray exposure amount is kept unifor
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the decrease of total organic carbon by adding alkali bromide
and ozone in raw water and irradiating an ultraviolet ray to decompose organic material

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hollow fiber membrane module having a high rate of 1
permeation and a long filter life, wherein yarnlike substances and downlike substances are hardly
tangled with the hollow fiber membrane, by arranging a large number of hollow fiber membranes in a
seat state and connecting at least part of the neighboring hollow fiber membranes with each other at
outer peripheral parts of the hollow fiber membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out the automatic operation of proper module numbers by 1
setting the maximum water volume in the range of fresh water volume found by a preparable range
computation means as the prepared water volume target value and controlling a distilling plant based
on the set prepared water volume target value and the specifically set recovery rati

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification method wherein bromic acid ions
produced in an advanced water-purification process using an ozone treatment and an active carbon
treatment and a water purification process employing a prechlorination treatment can be efficiently
remove

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress deterioration of the performance of separation membrane 1

elements and make control and maintenance easy by individually installing a power unit to pump up
raw water and increase pressure and a separation membrane uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely peel a cake layer depositing and fixing on the surface of a 1
separating membrane by attaching an expandingshrinking material which expands or shrinks in
accordance with a pressure change to part of the filtration face of the separating membrane having
filtering function and further attaching a meshy material to the expanding-shrinking material so that it
is made opposite to the filtration fac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module preventing proliferation of mold and 1

slime on a retaining part of liquid in an outer jacket and capable of mainte nance of stable
performance by the membrane for a long perio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain high salt inhibition ratio, high water permability and high 1
contamination resistance and to enable practically desalting under a relatively low pressure by using a
reverse osmotic membrane of an aromatic based polyam ide, the skin layer of which has a specific
surface area of \Age;2 to \Ale;1,000, and applying a polyvinyl alcohol or the like on the surface laye

PURPOSE:To wash efficiently soil attached to an ultrafiltration membrane and ensure specified 1
treated water at all times, by washing, using washing liquid containing tetramethylammonium
hydroxide. CONSTITUTION:By means of a membrane separation type water treatment apparatus
including an aeration tank 1 and an ultrafiltration membrane 2 which separates activated sludge in the
aeration tank 1, waste water of developing solution of choline system or tetramethylammonium
hydroxide (TMAH) system from a semiconductor manufacturing factory is treated. The discharged
water from the aeration tank 1 is sent to the ultrafiltration membrane 2 by a pump 3, while the
concentrated liquid is returned to the aeration tank 1 through a return line 4. When the ultrafiltration
membrane 2 is washed, the pump 3 is stopped, a valve 5 closed, and a valve 9 opened to operate a
pump 10 so that washing liquid 12 in a washing liquid reservoir 11 containing choline or TMAH is fed
to the ultrafiltration membrane 2. As a result of this washing, flow quantity of permeation is restored.
After that, the valve 9 is closed and a valve 13 opened to discharge the remaining washing liquid in
the ultrafiltration membrane 2 to the outside, thereby water treatment being started agai

PURPOSE: To prevent the formation of red water caused by the deterioration of a water feed pipe, by
sucking air containing partially ozonized oxygen in a part of water to be treated containing dissolved
chlorine to form a boiling layer and irradiating said boiling layer with ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To obtain the titled hollow fiber membrane suitable for external pressure whole filtration 1
system, applicable to e.g. purifying tap water etc., by dry-wet spinning, under specified conditions
through an annular nozzle, of a stock solution prepared by dissolving polysulfone and a fine pore-
forming agent in a solvent common therefo

PURPOSE: To obtain aromatic polyimide semipermeable membrane having sufficient resistance to 1

hot water enough for hot sterilization, having also high water permeability and high fractionating
capacity by constituting the film of a biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid component and a
bis(aminophenoxy) compd. componen

PURPOSE: To prevent the clogging of a hollow yarn membrane filter used for removing the impurities 1
in the primary cooling water of an atomic power plant and to extend the life of the membrane with a
device for cleaning said filter by injecting an oxide material into the inflow system of the filte

PURPOSE: To prevent access of a membrane clogging substance to the membrane surface by 1

forming a layer of highly releasable powder on the hollow yarn membrane on the raw water side, and
catching the membrane clogging substance by the laye
PURPOSE: To operate and control a plant so as to maintain a yield at an optimum value by controlling 1
the pressure for supplying a liquid to be treated to a reverse osmotic membrane, thereby to maintain a
produced-water flow at a predetermined value, and controlling the flow of the supplied liquid to be
treated, thereby to regulate the ratio of the produced-water flow to the flow of the supplied liquid to be
treated at a constant valu

PURPOSE: To make it easy to handle a filtering and desalting apparatus and to make it possible to 1
reduce the number of towers in the apparatus, by connecting in series a column packed with a
granular ion exchange resin to the upper end of a hollow fiber membrane filter module which can be
cleaned by means of a reverse air flo

PURPOSE: To keep a water pipe clean by providing a nonelectrode-type high-power ultraviolet lamp
beside a clear pipe constituting part of the water pipe, said lamp irradiating the water flowing in the
clear pipe with ultraviolet rays, and further providing a rounded lantern-shaped reflective mirror
surrounding the lam

PURPOSE: To obtain the separation film excellent in separation capacity and heat resistance by 1
impregnating alumina sol in the pores of a ceramic porous body, and submerging it in the aqueous
solution of sodium silicate, and treating it with water vapor under the saturated water vapor pressure
of 150W300\Adeg;

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deviation of bubbles rising from an aerator, to wash the total 1
length of horizontally spread hollow yarn membranes by shearing force of bubbles, and to restrain a
rise in differential pressure to prolong continuous operation tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve plugging of membranes caused by back washin 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To regenerate easily an adsorbent by introducing water to be treated into

a reaction tank into which the adsorbent carrying a photocatalyst on its surface is introduced to adsorb
and remove organic matters and the like in the water to be treated, emitting beams such as ultraviolet
rays when the adsorption power of the adsorbent is lowered and activating the photocatalyst on the
surface of the adsorben
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily produce so-called tasty drinking water from raw liquid 1
containing a large quantity of boron, for example sea water, by lessening the content of boron to a
desired value by a two-stage reverse osmosis membrane separation, lessening the contents of
evaporation residues such as calcium to desired values, and keeping the pH in the neutral sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare efficiently water of good quality containing only a small 1
amount of impurities and usable for drinking water, industrial water and the like from raw water in
rivers, streams and the like by using a polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber filter membrane of specified value
of pare diameter and permeability and filterin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the clogging of a reverse osmosis(RO) membrane separation 1

device generated by a Cu hydroxide by doping a chelate agent into Cu containing water of specified
pH value and then reverse osmosis separated in the case of preparing pure water by the reverse
osmosis membrane separation of Cu containing wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for filtration-backwashing the internal pressure- type 1
clarifying membrane module by which a high flux is stably obtained, capable of being continuously
operated for a long time and easy to maintai

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device capable of filtering and capturing 1
impurities such as dust and sand incorporated in water and also capable of preventing algae and
bacteria from being bred by sterilizin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis treatment of water with a reverse osmosis 1
composite membrane while suppressing the rapid contamination of the membrane, the sticking of
inorg. scale components such as silica and calcium to the surface of the membrane and the
adsorption of trace org. substances such as a surfactant on the surface of the membrane by carrying
out reverse osmosis treatment at \Age;75% recovery rate with a laminated reverse osmosis
membrane obtd. by forming a protective layer on the surface of a laminated reverse osmosis
membrane with a skin layer having a specific surface area of 2-1,00

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deposition of suspension matters in a treating tank by being 1

constituted of the circular treating tank in a plane shape, a filter unit concentrically arranged plural
cylindrical filter membrane elements provided in the treating tank, and a diffusion pipe arranged at the
lower part of the filter uni
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To drastically improve the decompositon efficiency of TOC(total organic
carbon) by an ozone infection and UV irradiation and to produce a high quality treated water in which
the TOC is remarkably reduced by executing an ozone oxidation treatment in a specified pH valu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformly and efficiently wash a hollow yarn membrane module and to 1
enable the keeping of high filtering function over a long period of time by certainly supplying scrubbing
air to the gaps between hollow yarn membrane knitted fabric

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the rupture of filter membranes by certainly supporting the 1
filter membranes and to reduce the pressure loss of a water passage to enhance drain efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid premature life wherein a top end part of a filter membrane body 1
is fractured and brittleness by sealing a plurality of flat membranes at a welding or bonding line and
providing the welding or bonding line with a specified widt

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the hot start trouble of a suction pump when intermittent 1
suction operation is performed in high suction/stop changeover frequency for preventing membrane
contamination and suppressing the lowering of treatment efficiency caused by the stop of suction or
the backwashing of the utilization efficiency of the membrane in an immersion type membrane
treatment appara tu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for the water treatment for stabilized high recovery 1
for a long period of time by using at least a first stage reverse osmosis membrane element and a
second stage reverse osmosis membrane element connected together, feeding condensed water in
the first stage reverse osmosis membrane element to the second stage reverse osmosis membrane
element, carrying out the reverse osmosis treatment and recovering permeated wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus which controls the propagation
of bacteria and microorganisms through the photocatalytic activity of a photocatalyst member photo-
activated by being irradiated with weak ultraviolet light or visible light, can supply hygienic safe water
for a long period, and does not accelerate the deterioration of a storage tank, a float valve, and other
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently develop the adsorbing capacity of active carbon not only to 1
reduce the use amt. thereof but also to obtain highly treated water in an immersion type membrane
treatment apparatus wherein an active carbon adsorbing treatment tank and an immersion type
membrane module are integrate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the antiinner pressure strength of an adhesive layer which 1
seals the periphery of a plain membrane by arranging the plain membrane on both faces of a
framework or a support plate and reinforcing the adhesive layer around the plain membrane, with a
fiber materia

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the number of the membrane elements to be mounted by 1

using a precoat filtration tower and its shell plate as they are and suspending the membrane elements
such as a large-diameter hollow-fiber membrane and a pleated membrane eccentric to the mounting
hole of a precoat filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for purifying and sterilizing water in a water tank
capable of reducing the installation cost for the water tank and maintenance cost, especially
increasing the size of particles by irradiation of ultraviolet rays and effectively purifying green dust and
white cloudiness and utilizing the space in the water tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cleaning method of a filter membrane module capable of 1

sufficiently removing an adsorbed material to the filter membrane, improving cleaning effect, reducing
the consumption of a liquid chemical, cleaning with the liquid chemical for a short time and decreasing
cleaning cost in a liquid chemical cleaning process of the filter membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a semipermeable composite membrane that separates and 1

removes pollutants and has high water permeability even under low pressur

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a sterilizing effect by a method wherein liquid or gas to be

treated is brought into contact with a base material while irradiating the base material provided by
flame spraying a composite ceramic material composed of mixed power of a semiconductor
photocatalyst and ceramics having adsorbing function such as apatite with ultraviolet radiation within
a specific wavelength regio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently produce water of high safety in which impurities are 1
reduced and microorganisms are absent by installing fine layers on both sides of a membrane with
inclination structure in which the diameter changes continuously from the outer surface toward the
inner surface of the membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying apparatus for filtering and activating the
sterilization of a harmful substance contained in service water such as tap water, fresh water, ground
water or the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow an ultraviolet ray source to light even at a time of power failure
and to efficiently remove impurities while decomposing and removing org. matte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve recovery efficiency and concn. efficiency of treated water at 1
the time of collecting and recovering the microorganism in water by providing a stage for passing
water into a hollow part from the outer membrane face side of each hollow-fiber membrane
constituting a hollow-fiber membrane bundle to collect microorganism on the outer membrane face
and a stage for recovering the microorganism collected on the outer membrane fac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clean water treating device in which feed water can be 1
treated by such a compact filter that channeling is hardly caused for a long period of time when
filtering clean water using a filter in which hollow yarn membrane modules are arrange

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lower the driving power necessary for the operation of a membrane 1
filtration treatment and to enhance filtration treatment efficiency by disposing a head difference
between the primary side and secondary side of a hollow fiber membrane module and arranging the
primary side and secondary side of the module and specifying the membrane density in the filter
section of the module to a specific valu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently remove an organic component and manganese in a raw 1

water by membrane separation treatment of the water containing the organic component and
manganese with a nanofiltration(NF) membrane and then oxidizing the membrane separated water by
chlorine in the presence of manganese dioxid
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for cleaning water in which useless
organic substances existing in water to be cleaned is efficiently decomposed and removed at large
treatment capacity by using a low-voltage ultraviolet lamp of high outpu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make equipment compact to markedly reduce an installation space 1

and equipment cost and to efficiently remove a contaminant such as an SS component, a color
component or the like to enhance the quality of treated wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change the contact time of a raw water with a purifying material by 1
providing an air control part, capable of freely adjusting the quantity of air to be introduced into the
inside of a vessel housing a 1st and 2nd purifying layer for removing odor and impurities and forming
a mineral water, in a cap to be freely attachably and detachably loaded on the upper surface of the
vessel. SOLUTION: The cap 7 of a purifier A is removed from the vessel 1 and after the raw water is
poured into a storing part 8 of the 1st purifying layer 4, the cap 7 is loaded. Then, the raw water is
passed through the 1st purifying layer 4 to adsorb and remove chlorine by an activated carbon 11 to
perform the deodorization, sterilization and water quality purification. Next, the raw water is passed
through a 2nd water passing hole 12 at the lower part of the 1st purifying layer 4 to reach the 2nd
purifying layer and is turned into the mineral water by a siliceous stone 13 packed in the 2nd purifying
layer 5. In such a case, the flow rate of the raw water in the vessel 1 is changed with the quantity of
air introduced into the vessel 1 adjusted by the air control part 16 and when a large quantity of air is
introduced and the raw water is passed through in a short time, the quantity of the mineral contained
in water is decreased and when a small quantity of air is introduced, the concentration of the mineral
is increase

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a filtration column for which the installation space is small by 1
connecting a lower water collecting section in the lower end part of the membrane element to a
permeated water take-in port at the upper end part with a water collecting pipe provided outside of the
membrane element to facilitate the production of a membrane element and to make the membrane
element small sized without decreasing the membrane surface are

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a high pollutant capacity by having a cylindrical block of 1

condensed carbon particles, which passes through a shaft opening part and a microporous
diaphragm surrounding its cylindrical shap

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove membrane pollutants which causes the decrease in the 1
amount of produced water and increase in pressure difference of an RO membrane separator without
stopping the operation of the separator, that is while water intake being continue
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To demonstrate stable purification performance by changing a treatment
method in response to the change of raw water by providing a fluidized bed type filtration tank, an
ultraviolet sterilizer, a string-shaped organism carrier, and others, which are water treatment means of
different effects and channels for supplying water to the above mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the consumption of an alkali agent by effectively utilizing conc. 1
water discharged from an alkali resistant reverse osmosis membrane apparatus in a pure water
making method obtaining pure water by passing water through the alkali resistant reverse osmosis
membrane apparatus under an alkaline condition and to highly keep the capacity of the reverse
osmosis membrane apparatus to obtain pure water of high quality in high water making quantit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive filter cartridge provided with an excellent 1

purifying function, having a long service life and not deteriorating the working environment when
produce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat water efficiently by restraining photorectivation of

microorganisms while defects of ultraviolet disinfecting and phtocatalytic disinfection are
compensated as a disinfecting method in place of a chlorine disinfection metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To execute desalinization treatment easily by preventing a scale from 1

sticking to a reverse osmosis membrane or the like by a method wherein after adding a dispersant to
raw water containing salts, that is made to permeate a reverse osmosis membrane apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method in which a water recovery ratio can be increased by 1
treating fluorine-containing water efficiently with an RO membrane without clogging of the membrane,
fluorine contained in raw water can be insolubilized by treating efficiently with a small amount of a
chemical agent, produced sludge is compacted to facilitate after-treatment, the amount of produced
sludge is reduce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water filtration device for removing and inactivating a 1
pathogenic microorganism by equipping an ultraviolet ray irradiation means in the inside space of a
cylindrical filter body composed of a porous inorganic membrane and providing a treating water feed
passage for supplying a water to be treated to the inside space of the filter body and a treated water
discharged passage for discharging the resultant filtrat
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contrive lowering working cost for the reason that in the case of the 1
conventional tower filter, since a partition plate for hanging and supporting hollow fiber membrane
modules is formed of a stainless steel plate of high hardness in material, wear and tear of a cutting
tool is severe and working man-hour is also increased on cutting work of through-holes and also since
the partition plate is warped with the hole machining, stamping of the partition plate is needed instead
thereby making the partition plate be of extremely high cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently clean a membrane at a low cost by adding a cleaning agent 1
in a permeated water at the time of stopping pressurizing to a reverse osmotic membrane and back-
flowing the cleaning agent by utilizing suck-back phenomeno

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable washing the whole membrane surface and continuing to 1
perform good operation for a long time. SOLUTION: This membrane filter has a treating tank 31, a
membrane unit 50 immersed in the treating tank 31 and formed by laminating flat membrane- shaped
membrane elements, a cylindrical skirt part 71 arranged in the bottom part of the membrane unit 50,
an aerator 61 arranged below the skirt part 71 and for jetting gas, partitions 72, 73 arranged in the
bottom part of the membrane unit 50 and for forming divided chambers 74 to 76 between the skirt part
71 and them in the skirt part 71, and a gas feeding means for feeding gas to the divided chambers 74
to 76. Since by this gas feeding means, gas is fed to each of the divided chambers 74 to 76, the
quantity of bubbles flowing in both the side edge parts of the membrane unit 50 between membranes
can be enlarged and the whole membrane surface 52 can be washe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a sterilized, sanitary and tasty water even from an insanitary 1
raw water by adding a chlorinous sterilizing agent to the raw water to sterilize the relatively small
bacteria and removing the relatively large bacteria with a filter mediu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remarkably suppress increase in permeation differential pressure 1

when water is passed through a new membrane elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral membrane element wherein the formation of a 1

turbulent flow in a raw water passage is accelerated, the quantity of water permeation through the
passage is increased, and the quantity of concentrated water is reduced remarkabl

PURPOSE: To maintain sterilization and performance of a reverse osmosis equipment and to inhibit 1
oxidative deterioration due to chlorine of a reverse osmosis membrane by reducing chlorine having
oxidative action with sulfite intermittently injected before feeding chlorine to the reverse osmosis
membran
PURPOSE: To efficiently perform oxidative destruction of organic substance incorporated in water,
decoloring, deodorization and sterilization of water by using a photocatalyst which is subjected to light
irradiation with a mercury lamp and consists of a semiconductor, etc., and treating water such as
various industrial water under the existence of peroxid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the backward wash effect and dispense with the washing of a 1
membrane face after the backward washing and further, reduce the consumption of water for control
and also a cleaning water, with the simplification of an operation to mount and remove a ceramic filter
medium and an incidental installatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a household water-purifier treating drinking water by 1

ultraviolet irradiation and ozone treatment. SOLUTION: A coarse filter tank 1 housing a coarse mesh
filter membrane, the activated carbon filter tank 2 communicating with the coarse filter tank 1 through
a three-way valve 6 and housing activated carbon, the mineral tank 3 communicating with the
activated carbon filter tank 2 and housing ore crushed pieces, the sterilizing tank 4 communicating
with not only the mineral tank 8 but also an ozone generator 5 and having an ultraviolet irradiator
provided therein and the precise filter tank 7 communicating with the sterilizing tank 4 through a
separate three-way valve 6 and housing a fine mesh filter membrane are housed in a box and, after
the drinking water introduced into the coarse filter tank is roughly filtered, the filtered water is
circulated once more between the activated carbon filter tank 2, the mineral tank 3 and the sterilizing
tank 4 and re-filtered by the precise filter tank 7 to be discharged and supplie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying treatment apparatus using a spiral 1

membrane module requiring no water gathering pipe, low in the flow resistance in permeated water
and having a large flow flux and a high water recovery rati

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for treating boron-containing water 1
capable of developing the capacity of a reverse osmosis membrane to the max degree when boron-
containing water is subjected to reverse osmosis membrane treatment to remove boron to efficiently
and safely remove boro

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically purify a protective tube provided at an ultraviolet

pasteurizing lamp used for a bath water circulating apparatus by utilizing a shape memory allo
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make obtainable a delicious water simply, handily, stably and speedy 1
by providing a water purifying cartridge fitting part and a filter material packing part in a vessel and
providing an air discharge cylinder mounted at a fibrous adsorbing element and a cylindrical body
having bottom arranged inside the cylindrical body having bottom in which water passage is provided
on the peripheral surface. SOLUTION: In the household water purifying device 1, the vessel 2 whose
upper part is opened, a cap 3 fitted at the open end of the vessel 2 and a water purifying cartridge 4
arranged inside the vessel 2 are provided. The water purifying cartridge 4 is provided with a cartridge
main body 19, an upper cover 20, the air discharge cylinder 21, the fibrous adsorbing element 22 and
a filter material 23. When the cap 3 is detached from the vessel 2 and a city water 30 is injected into
an inner vessel 6, the city water 30 injected into the inner vessel 6 falls to an outer vessel 5 through a
slit 25 of the cartridge main body 19 of the water purifying cartridge 4, the fibrous adsorbing element
22 and the filter material 23, through a filter material 15 of a filter material fitting receiver 16 and
stored at a bottom part of the outer vessel 5 as the purified water 3

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple water purifier which is inexpensive and is capable of 1
yielding a treated water having good water quality and a water purification method using this simple
water purifier. SOLUTION: The simple water purifier 1, which purifies water to be treated poured to a
water purifying vessel 2 formed as a cylindrical body having a bottom 3 and discharges the treated
water B from a discharge hole 3a, has an active carbon layer 5 which is arranged on the bottom 3, a
stationary perforated plate 6 which has plural holes 6a to allow the water to be treated to permeate
and is fixed to the water purifying vessel 2 to cover the surface of the active carbon layer 5, a flat
planar filer 7 which is arranged on this stationary perforated plate 6 and a retaining perforated plate 8
which has plural holes 8a to allow the permeation of the water to be treated and is laminated on this
filter 7. Hydrogen peroxide is previously injected into the water to be treated before the water A to be
treated is poured into the simple water purifier

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sanitarily keep a hollow fiber membrane module and the inside of a 1
water feed pat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation device capable of highly treating a 1

raw water by setting a membrane module and other treating means such as an activated carbon
module in one pressure vesse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sterilizing lamp unit for water treatment with the outer tube
never broken even when a UV lamp in the outer tube is vibrated, and the base of the UV lamp is
collided with the outer tub

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the maintenance, to miniaturize a preservation space and to 1

rapidly and simply generate a fresh water by forming a filter unit and a separation membrane unit to
directly connect to each other through a common hea
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent contamination of an ion exchange resin due to accumulation
of eluted substances of the resin, to use an ion exchange resin for a longer period, and to improve the
purity of pure water by disposing a UV irradiation decomposition device between a cation exchange
tower and an anion exchange towe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to directly or indirectly recycle sewer secondary 1

treated effluent and factory waste water or to stably obtain high-purity city water from rivers, ground
water, etc., which are drastically deteriorated in water quality by filtering raw water with a reverse
osmosis membrane in the presence of ozone after the ozone treatment thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance a recovery ratio of water by efficiently treating fluorine- 1

containing water with a reverse osmosis membrane without clogging of the reverse osmosis
membrane, and to make fluorine contained in raw water insoluble by efficiently treating it with a small
quantity of chemica

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deterioration by oxidation of a filtration membrane and 1

prolong the life of the filtration membrane by solidifying soluble metals in raw water by adding an
oxidizing agent and then removing the oxidizing agent remaining in the raw water by adding a
reducing agen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove remaining air after air back washing of a hollow fiber 1
separation membrane module in a suction filtering method using a hollow fiber separation membrane
modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis composite membrane provided with high 1
salt blocking efficiency, high water permeation, and high resistance to contamination and capable of
carrying out highly practical desalination at relatively low pressure by integrating to a surface layer or
an active separation layer formed on the reverse osmosis composite membrane a cross-linked
organic polymer having a nonionic hydrophilic grou

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane treatment system which 1

maintains a membrane surface flow velocity and keeps the surface clean while minimizing or
eliminating air suppl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a widely applicable solid-liq. separator and its method without 1
necessitating a pump, etc., for filtration, without the restriction of the position of a filtrate discharge
port and capable of performing the treatment by a separation membrane at a low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely kill microorganisms which ared filtered by a hollow fiber 1
membrane module and stay in the modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain the amt. of water permeating through a treating device of a 1
boron-contg. water to a high level for a long time by constituting the subject device equipped with an
anion exchange resin tower where a boron- contg. water is passed, a pH controlling device to control
the pH of the treated water to a specified value, and a reverse osmosis membrane device to pass the
water with controlled p

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a filter to be back-washed with back-washing water low in a 1

suspended material without being influenced by weather conditions or the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently obtain treated water of high quality by controlling feed water 1
to a specified pH, passing the water through a first reverse osmosis membrane separator of a low
desalting rate, deaerating the first permeated water thus obtd., then passing the treated water through
a second reverse osmosis membrane separator, and supplying the second permeated water to a
purifying device to obtain pure wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To regenerate an ion adsorbing membrane by providing a process for 1

removing impurities caught in the used membrane with a regeneration chemical liquid and a process
for rinsing with cleaning water and using ultrapure water as regeneration chemical liquid preparing
water and the cleaning water which are used in the impurity removing proces

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject method for stably regenerating a 1

tetraalkylammonium hydroxide(TAAH) in a TAAH-containing waste solution in low cost while reducing
the deterioration of a TAAH regeneration equipmen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the reduction of a filter medium life, to miniaturize a ozone 1
generator, and to improve practical use by a process in which ozone gas is added into raw water, an
ozone concentration is adjusted to a specified value, and bacteria which may survive are removed by
filtratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent intrusion of organic carbon compound or oxygen cultivating 1

bacteria even in preservation at normal temperatures in packaging fluid separating elements used for
dechlorination or the like by a method wherein packaging is made hermetically with a film having a
specified value of oxygen permeabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformly feed air for cleaning between flat membranes and to 1
continue filtration for a long time while cake on the membrane surfaces is efficiently remove

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove not only particles and solids but also a trace of arsenic 1
contained in raw water by purifying the raw water by using a membrane module and an adsorbent for
removing arseni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the content of oxidative substances by bringing a cation

exchange resin in the form of metal ion into contact with pure water containing the oxidative
substance

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the maintenance of cleaning, sterilizatior by including a 1

primary treatment system in which raw water softening means, a chlorine removing means, and a
suspended solid removing means are arranged in this order and a secondary treatment system in
which having a hollow fiber membrane module for purifying water treated by the primary treatment
system furthe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily keep a space mutually between membrane elements by 1

attaching a spacer between membrane elements exchangeable to each membrane elemen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject water purifier enabling the passage of raw water 1
through a filter bed by natural flow-down and simple in purifying operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the clogging of a filter membrane by a method in which raw 1
water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, aerated. and filtered. SOLUTION: An ultraviolet irradiation
apparatus 2 has an ultraviolet irradiation tube 3 such as an ultraviolet bactericidal lamp, a closed
filtration tank 4 has a plate-shaped or hollow fiber porous filter membrane 5, an air diffusing tube 6 is
disposed under the membrane 5, and air is supplied from a blower into the tank 4. The filter
membrane 5 is connected with a filtrate discharge pipe 8, which is connected with a flow meter 9 and
a constant flow valve 10. When raw water 1 containing alga and spores is introduced into the
irradiation apparatus 2, the alga and the spores are exterminated with their nucleic acids damaged
photochemically. When the treated raw water 1 is introduced into the tank 4, the dead alga and spores
cannot pass through the filter membrane 5, are suspended in the tank 4, and are decomposed into
carbon dioxide and water by activated sludg

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a high recovery while preventing the lowering of membrane 1
capacity caused by a silica scal

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent the clogging of a reverse-osmosis membrane with 1

an org. material, to prolong the service life of the membrane wholly in a multistage reverse-osmosis
membrane device for treating the permeated water of the preceding stage reverse-osmosis
membrane device with the subsequent stage by oxidizing and decomposing the org. material in the
water to be treated by a UV oxidation device without increasing the initial cost and running cost of the
UV oxidation device and to prevent a decrease in the amt. of the permeated water of the devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an inexpensive filtering and separating device operated over a 1
long period without any repairs, easily purifying waste water even when the separating action of a
thin-membrane element is hindered or the element is clogged, consuming only slight energy and
easily assemble

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable easy installation/separation to/from the nozzle of a membrane 1

cartridge by forming a nozzle insertion port which engages with each filtrate removing nozzle,
arranging an elastic seal material which holds the nozzle watertightly in the each nozzle insertion port,
and bonding/fixing each cartridge to a casing at its both side part

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the clogging of a clearance between membrane elements 1

even when the clearance is narrowed and to well control the generation of a cake layer on a
membrane surface with the clearance narrowed by making a belt-type screen travel across the
downward and upward directions of membrane element group
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain damage of a hollow fiber membrane by improving a washing 1
efficiency of a membrane surface by a method wherein in a filter for filtering a liquid to be treated
while scrubbing by air from below a flat type hollow yarn membrane module is executed, a relaxation
rate of a hollow fiber membrane is allowed to have a specific valu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To operate a membrane separator so as to make the breakage of a filter 1

membrane hard to generat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module which can maintain the 1
quality of permeated water at a high level even when the membranes are damaged by making the
internal flow path cross section area of at least one part of hollow fiber membrane- fixed parts
consisting of plural hollow fiber membranes with end parts fixed adhesively smaller than the internal
flow path cross section area of the hollow fiber membranes in the non-adhesively fixed par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to maintain the quality of a permeating water at a 1

high level even when a hollow fiber membrane is damaged by setting the ratio between the length of
an adhesively fixed part and the inner dia. of the hollow fiber membrane within a specific range, in a
hollow fiber membrane module which is composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, at least
one-end parts of which are adhesively fixe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suitably control the discharge of a treated cake on an outlet side in a 1
multiple plate type screw press filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module of low cost and high 1
reliability for which the assembly and the inspection can be carried out easily, restrictions for the
setting site are scarce, high sealing properties are provided and a housing thereof can be used
repeatedl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane treating device in which operation 1
can be performed while removing entanglement of retentate and entanglement of hollow fiber
membranes themselves is preventing to enable long-term, stable operation which entanglement
occurs when a hollow fiber membrane module is used in waste water treatment or the lik
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contrive an increase of filter area per unit area and a reduction of filter 1
scum adhesion by installing radially arranged circular cylindrical filter sections so as to dispose tubular
porous ceramic filter membrane cells having a triangular section shape or the like in an outer
peripheral part of a columnar space formed at a central par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane having high water permeability and 1
selectively separating and removing contaminants or a very small amt. of harmful substances
contained in raw water to enable high recover

PURPOSE: To efficiently remove scale and bacteria in a bathtub and to obtain clean bath water free
from turbidity and odor by arranging an ultraviolet lamp and mineral particles in a circulation flow pat

PURPOSE: To reduce the concentration of metallic ions incorporated in condensate flowing into a 1
hollow yarn membrane type filter and to inhibit adhesion of the metallic ions and deposition of metallic
oxide on the inside of the hollow yarn membrane by providing a desalting device of condensate to the
upstream part of the filter for the condensate flo

PURPOSE: To satisfactorily sterilize and purify water stored in a swimming pool, etc., by installing a
purifying apparatus composed of a filter, a sterilizer using both UV and ozone and a filter arranged in
series in a system for recirculating stored wate

PURPOSE:To facilitate setting up of the whole body of a liquid separating apparatus and to prevent 1
occurrence of shift of location by building spacers for unfiltered water and filter elements in layers by
supporting them by hanging hooks on one of upper horizontal bars and recesses on one of the lower
horizontal bars using spacers for unfiltered water provided with a hook on each of upper part and a
recess on each lower part. CONSTITUTION:Ceramic filter elements are fitted into permeated water
spacers 20 (or unfiltered water spacers) provided with one hook 23 on each upper part and one
recess 24 on each lower part, to construct thus filter elements. Unfiltered water spacers having a
same external shape as the permeated water spacers 20 are also prepared. The filter elements and
the unfiltered water spacers are built in layers by hanging the hook on one of upper horizontal bars
extended with a distance between vertical frames, and the recess is put on one of the lower horizontal
bar

PURPOSE: To prevent generation of by-path of unfiltered liquid due to decrease of sealing effect in a 1
liquid separating apparatus and to reduce a resistance of watercourse of a permeated water side by
providing many protruded ribs to the inside of feed water-feeding and discharging holes of a ceramic
element and using permeated water spacers having a specified structur
PURPOSE: To prevent an ultrafiltration membrane from decrease of capacity for permeating water by 1
feeding washing gas intermittently to sludge-contg. water while continuing supply of the sludge-contg.
water to the ultrafiltration membran

PURPOSE: To prevent reduction of permeating capacity for water and to prevent deterioration of 1
filtration efficiency by feeding gas for washing a filtration membrane continuously to sludge-contg.
water while continuing the supply of the sludge-contg. water to an ultrafilte

PURPOSE: To efficiently decompose an ionize organic substance contained in water to be treated

and to shorten the stagnant time of the water and to minia turize an equipment by allowing the water
to be irradiated with ultraviolet rays having specified wavelengt

PURPOSE: To obtain a semi-permeable membrane having high permeability at low pressure and high 1
abilities to desalt and remove organic compounds, by forming an ultra thin membrane of a crosslinked
piperazine polyamides by spot polymerization on a fine porous supporting membrane and treating
with hot water at \Age;50\Adeg;C and pH2W

PURPOSE: To conduct a leakage current into water provided in the body of a purifying device from a
feeder part of an ultraviolet sterilization lamp, to the outside of the purifying device through a current
leakage preventing element to prevent an electric shock accident by covering an inlet port and an
outlet port in the body of the purifying device with a conductive current leakage preventing elemen

PURPOSE: To conduct a current leaking into water inside the body of a water purifying deice from the
feeder part of an ultraviolet sterilization lamp, to an area outside the purifying device and thereby
prevent an electric shock accident by providing a conductive electric leakage prevention element
which covers a submersible ultraviolet sterilization lamp on the lower surface of a supporting plat

PURPOSE: To eliminate the development of unpleasant taste and odor even when the operation of 1
the title purifier is resumed after long nonuse by arranging a cathode plate and an anode plate in a
membrane module in opposition to each other with a hollow yarn membrane in between, and applying
a DC current between both electrode plates to prevent the propagation of bacteria in the membrane
modul

PURPOSE: To obtain clean water free from bacteria and org. matter by arranging a UV lamp and a
filter having a prescribed pore size or mineral granules in a water passag
PURPOSE: To surely and strongly sterilize and clean water flowing in a water pipe and treat water in a 1
water pool continuously, by equipping an ozone supplying apparatus, a filter apparatus, and an
ultraviolet radiation apparatus in the midway of a circulation-type water pip

PURPOSE: To decrease amount of deposits on the internal surface of a hollow yarn membrane in a 1
process for purifying water wherein a hollow yarn membrane filter is incorporated in its passage, by
controlling a passage with the concentration of metal ion (organic matter) in water of the upstream of
the hollow yarn membrane filte

PURPOSE: To manufacture a gas exchange hollow yarn membrane of superior pressure resistance 1
by using a hydrophobic high molecular substance and setting given values of outer diameter,
membrane thickness, average pore diameter, void volume and N2 gas permeation propertie

PURPOSE:To carry out a separation treatment of a liquid containing submicron fine particles 1
efficiently for a long period of time by combining a membrane separation method and a centrifugal
separation method. CONSTITUTION:A prescribed amount of original liquid containing submicron fine
particles such as back grind of silicon wafer is charged into a storage tank 1 and supplied to a
membrane separation equipment 3, wherein water in the original liquid penetrates a selective
permeable membrane 31 and is discharged out of a permeating liquid outlet port 34, with a pump 2.
Fine particle concentration in the original liquid is increased by this permeation, and the concentrated
liquid is returned to the storage tank 1 and circulated in a circuit A. On the other hand, the original
solution is circulated in a circuit B including a centrifugal separation equipment 5 at the same time. By
carrying out this operation, it is possible to separate the fine particles efficiently in the form of coarser
particles by the centrifugal separation equipment 5 due to aggregation of fine particles, and to keep
the particle concentration in the original liquid low enough. It is possible, therefore, to prevent fine
particles from adhering on the surface of membrane in the membrane separation equipment 3 and to
keep a permeability of the membrane separation equipment 3 as high as an initial conditio

PURPOSE:To efficiently wash the surface of a filter film, by hermetically closing the purified water 1
recovery passage in a membrane filter and supplying heated steam to water to be treated under
pressure through the filter membrane of the membrane filter. CONSTITUTION:Water to be treated is
anaerobically treated in a methane fermentation tank 1 and purified water is recovered from the water
to be treated in the methane fermentation tank 1 by a membrane filter 2. Since the unfiltered liquid
from the membrane filter 2 is returned to the methane fermentation tank 1 to perform fermentation
and the water to be treated in the methane fermentation tank 1 is heated to be subjected to
fermentation treatment, the purified water recovery passage 3 in the membrane filter 2 is hermetically
closed and heating steam is supplied to water to be treated under pressure from the purified recovery
side through a filter membrane 2A. By this method, energy can be conserve

PURPOSE: To prevent the lowering of ultraviolet emissivity and bring about an effective
photochemical reaction, oxidative reaction and disinfection of a liquid, by irradiating ultraviolet rays
upon the liquid flowing through an open or closed channel from an upper spac

PURPOSE: To efficiently perform filtering treatment by miniaturizing an apparatus as a whole, in a 1

water treatment filter apparatus wherein a large number of cylindrical filter membranes are provided in
parallel, by forming each of the filter membranes from a hollow yarn like membrane and providing a
vibration apparatus for applying vibration to the filter membrane
PURPOSE: To concentrate a soln. with high efficiency by saving energy consumption by evaporating 1
a solvent in the soln. continuously from a side of a porous material exhibiting capillary phenomeno

PURPOSE: To easily decompose and remove the total org. halogen compds. in water subjected to a
chlorine treatment in a short period of time by subjecting water to be treated of 10\Adeg;C (low temp.
side)-50\Adeg;C (high temp. side) to irradiation of 254nm UV rays for a prescribed period of time,
thereby decomposing variant protist

PURPOSE: To effectively remove the scales, slime, etc., deposited on a cylinder without deforming an 1
ultrafilter membrane by packing an adsorbent in the tubular ultrafilter membrane cylinder, passing
water into the cylinder from the outside, and providing a means for removing the deposit on the
cylinde

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject excellent hollow fiber having continuously extended hollow part 1
having a specific diameter and free from skin layer, by extruding a cupri-ammonium solution of
cellulose through an annular spinning nozzle, coagulating the solution in an acetone-aqueous solution
coagulation bath, treating in a water bath and regenerating the cellulos

PURPOSE: To prevent treatment capacity per unit time from hardly being affected by the water 1
pressure of raw water and to maintain long service life of a filter by forming a filter method due to the
filtration filter into a counter flow system in a water purifier equipped with the filtration filte

PURPOSE: To perfectly sterilize a filtrate without deteriorating the filtrate by providing an UV sterilizing
lamp in a filtrate reservoir at the upper part of the tank filter of an upward-flow filte

PURPOSE: To continuously treat the water in a water tank by providing an ozone supplying device,
filter device and UV irradiation device to the mid-point of a water flow pipe for taking out the water in
the water tank to the outside of the wate

PURPOSE: To obtain the device which supply cleaned water which can be moved by mounting a
storage tank, ozone supplying device, filter device and UV irradiation device on a vehicl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral reverse-osmosis membrane element without the 1
pressure drop being too large, with the deterioration of the element due to concn, polarization
suppressed and with the intrinsic performance of the membrane fully exhibite

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent vibration of membrane cartridges and the facilitate 1

loading/unloading operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a separation membrane for treating water made of a 1

nonwoven sheet, in place of a high molecular porous membrane, excellent in mechanical strength,
having a sufficient water permeability, excellent in a separating property of particulates and
producable at low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a river purifying method using a membrane, by which 1

advanced treated water quality is obtained compared to a conventional gravel indirect contact
oxidation method, a spacious site is unnecessary, a specified treated water quality even for a variation
of water quality of raw water is obtained, saving a space of a treating facility is enabled and a
membrane module is washed uniformly, easily and efficientl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method for fluorine-contg. water whereby the water 1
content of the resultant calcium fluoride cake is reduced; the effective application of this cake is
broadened; and the space occupied by a treating apparatus is reduced by conducting solid-liquid
separation by a means selected from among filtration, centrifugal separation, concentration by
evaporation, and floatatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation method by which a membrane 1

element in a membrane separator is more effectively cleaned and the separator is stably operated for
a longer perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat treatment method for a polyacrylonitrile-based 1

membrane for stabilizing a membrane structure and membrane performance without drastically
degrading the breaking elongation and water permeation rate of the membrane by the heat treatmen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreating device for reducing a scale trouble due to a 1
calcium component in water to be treated or clogging, etc., of a reverse osmotic membrane by
suspended particulates and for executing efficiently and stably treatment at an reverse osmotic
membrane separation devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain the function of a filtration module in high dimensions for a 1
longer time even in filtration at a high permeation flow velocity by execution of washing of the filtration
module wherein backward washing is carried out by washing liquid at a rate of at least the number of
times indicated by a specific formula for a specific period of tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composite semipermeable membrane which can selectively 1

remove contaminants and a trace amount of harmful substances contained in raw water and be
operated in a high recovery rati

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove SS through a membrane module and to increase nitrification 1

efficiency by propagating nitrification bacteria to a high densit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the fatigue of a filtration membrane in a rectangular plate like 1
membrane cartridge vertically dipped and mounted in a liquid to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform the filtration of water to be treated and the decomposition of 1
an accumulated contaminant and an organic material of a harmful material or the like at the same
time by forming a permeation layer between a treating liquid infiltration surface and a permeated
water exudation surface and holding a photocatalytic material on at least one of the infiltration
surface, the exudation surface and the permeation laye

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To industrially produce a sheet-type separation membrane at a low cost 1

by using a first coating device to apply a film forming soln. prepared by dissolving a polymer in a good
solvent on a porous base body which is supported and moved by a backing roll, then applying a
solidifying liquid by a second coating device, and removing the solvent by cleaning with wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment method of a reverse osmosis membrane 1
method desalination by which a biofouling is prevented by injecting a chlorine- based sterilizing agent
and the production of by-products of disinfection such as trihalomethanes can be suppresse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat the cleaning, sterilization, and washing of a bathtub water with 1
one pump to make equipment compac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently carry out the perfect oxidative degradation and removal of
endocrine disrupters in water as harmless substances by irradiating the water with UV and bringing it
into contact with a metal oxide catalys

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and more inexpensively obtain a solution of a low 1

concentration from a solution of a high concentration with less energy is a high yield by providing a
means for adjusting a pressure of a permeated water or a flow rate of a permeated water at least
single stage of a reverse osmosis membrane module unit arranged at multi-stage

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance filtering treatment by a hollow fiber membrane module and 1
low pressure air backwashing propertie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral separation membrane element low in flow channel 1
resistance and capable of keeping initial separation membrane capacity by preventing the depression
of the permeated liquid flow channel material of separation membrane in groove parts and
suppressing the deformation of the separation membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the contamination of a filter membrane by installing an ozone- 1

oxidation apparatus for ozone-oxidizing raw water in the pre-stage of a membrane filte
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method performing ultraviolet treatment
after ozone treatment, adaptable even with respect to fluctuations in the quality of raw water and
capable of reducing the operation cost of a syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suitably treat a water containing contaminants and to inexpensively 1

and easily produce a hollow fiber membrane module by opening one end of each plural hollow fiber
membranes and fixing at a sticking fixation part and substantially opening another end as individual
free end without fixin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high quality water high water recovery ratio by subjecting 1
concentrated water of the first of RO devices (reverse osmosis membrane separators) arranged in
series to RO treatment by an RO device separately placed, and subjecting the permeated water to
deaeration treatment together with the concentrated water in order by the RO devices arranged in
series to make the treated water be feed water to the first RO devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform sufficient sterilization by eliminating the accumulation of 1

chlorine in the lower part of a hollow fiber membrane washing tank at a time of sterilization, in an
apparatus circulating bathtub water to purify the same by the hollow fiber membrane washing tank, by
rotating the nozzle becoming the chlorine water supply port to the hollow fiber membrane washing tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane type permeation membrane module 1
capable of removing pathogenic protozoa such as cryptosporidium or the like or pollutants by a filter
member comprising a filter material having a pore size larger than that of the hollow fibers arranged
on the membrane permeation side in the module even if the hollow fiber membranes arranged in the
module are damaged and capable of supplying only clear filtered water to the outside of the modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charge mosaic membrane using chargeable polymer 1

particles easy to produce and having excellent permselectivit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water purifier, etc., capable of optimum UV irradiation,

excellent in sterilization, coping with large-capacity water treatment and also excellent in
maintainability by arranging a raw water feed part and a purified water discharge part tangentially to
the lower part (upstream side) and upper part (downstream side) of a UV irradiation tan
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method of pure water capable of efficiently 1
producing the pure water having a high-purity water quality such as industrial water for power station,
medicines, liquid crystal or semiconductor production plant reducing a chemical amoun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the removing efficiency of an organic material by arranging

an ozone diffusion device in the flowing-in part side and an ultraviolet lump in the flowing-out part side
in a gas-liquid contact vessel having the flowing-in part and the flowing-out part of water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning inexpensively and efficiently a 1

membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To evade to impose excess pressure on a separation membrane module 1

in the rapid increase of the pressure difference of filtration or in the generation of the failure of a
pressure sensor or a solenoid valve by giving a means for releasing water to be treated between a
pressure liquid feed means and the separation membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably operate the subject device for a long period while preventing 1
the entanglement of a hollow fiber membrane itself by enabling to control the angle of a protective
member for a hollow fiber membrane treating device arranged so as to have a free end in the upper
side and a water collecting part in the lower side in a vessel body to operate the device while
removing entanglement of fibrous flock

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a removing method of membrane contaminated substance in 1

a vertical installation type internal pressure type tubular membrane device using a tubular membrane
(hollow fiber membrane, tubular membrane or the like) such as a precise filter membrane, an
ultrafiltration membrane, which is capable of effectively removing the membrane contaminated
substance stuck to the inner surface of the tubular membrane and excellently cleaning not only the
tubular membrane existing at the center part of the membrane module but the tubular membrane
existing at the peripheral part of the membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration method and a cleaning method for 1
membrane separation device capable of increasing filtration rate with the small filtration resistance,
without need of making the device large-sized, applicable also for a biologically treating device and
unnecessary for cleaning the membrane surface with a chemica
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect a time for replacing a sterilizing lamp in an early time by
providing a sensor for detecting an irradiation amount of a sterilizing lamp, and detecting a life of the
sterilizing lamp, in the midway of a circulation flow path for circulating bathtub water and sterilizing the
bathtub water, in the device provided with the sterilizing lamp housed in a sterilizing cas

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separator which reduces blacked membrane 1

surfaces by suspended matter even after a long period of filtratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently remove a trace amt. of org. matter components in water 1
injurious to health to continuously purify water by adding zeolite selectively transmitting org. matter
from water containing org. matter in below predetermined % to remove the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To show excellent desalting capacity to water to be treated and to keep 1
excellent desalting capacity over a long period of time by using an anion exchange resin containing a
repeating unit represented by either one of two specific formulae and a repeating unit derived from an
unsaturated hydrocarbon group-containing crosslinkable uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively peel a cake layer by rotating a rotary flat membrane in the 1
low number of rotations even if the cake layer is formed on the rotary flat membrane in high densit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject device capable of reducing the irregularity of 1
washing by unformly supplying a gas or a liquid to each of cartridge type modules by arranging
restriction orifices 17 uniformly distributing the gas or the liquid to the supply ports for supplying the
gas or the liquid to hollow fiber membranes from the lower parts of the cartridge type module
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce power costs by connecting a group of high pressure pumps 1
and a group of reverse osmosis membrane apparatuses to raw water supply piping and connecting
the group of reverse osmosis membrane apparatuses with a group of recovery turbines by
concentrated water discharge pipin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a condensed water treatment method and a hollow fiber 1
membrane module for treating condensed water large in the treatment quantity of water, good in
condensed water purifying capacity, reduced in a change in the treatment quantity of water with the
elapse of time, enabling long-term stable operation and capable of performing treatment in a
conserved spac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hollow fiber membrane module capable of stably attaining 1
high permeated water quantity and high water quality over a long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat membrane module easy and sure in sealing of a housin 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sterilize and wash the membrane without generating harmful sterilized 1
byproducts and insoluble compounds causing clogging of the membrane by incorporating an oxidizing
germicide containing peracetic acid into back- washing water of a filter membrane module, when
water is purified with a hollow fiber type ultra-or micro-filtering membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance removal performance of cation ions by dipping a composite 1

semipermeable membrane provided with an ultra-thin membrane layer having cross- linked
polyamide on a fine porous support membrane into a sodium hydrogensulfite solution, then specifying
a resistivity holding ratio of permeated water when a NaCl solution is used as raw wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the throughput of water passed through a precision filtration 1
filter, and to improve the purification performance of the filter, in the devic
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply purified water of stable quality freely heatedly/cooledly by 1
controlling raw water and filtrate at a desired temperature in the production method of purified water
using a separation membrane for separating raw water into filtrate and concentrated wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition for cast polyurethane resin molding, especially 1
suitable as sealing materials for a blood-treating machine, a water purifier, or the like, having a rapid
curing property and low viscosity, and consequently excellent in cast molding propertie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prolong the life of a separation membrane through which water to be 1
treated is caused to pass to remove impurities by calculating the amount of impurities removed by the
membrane per unit membrane area from the turbidity and membrane-permeating flux of water to be
treated and physically cleaning the membrane every time when a specified amount of impurities is
removed by the membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent reduction in efficiency of organic matter decomposition due to

dissolved oxygen and increase in biological and sitological toxicity due to an oxidation byproduct(s)
from being caused by introducing a liquid to be treated, that contains refractory organic matter, into a
treatment vessel and irradiating the introduced liquid with ultraviolet rays while exposing the liquid to
an inert gas, to subject the refractory organic substance to oxidative decompositio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the alkaline water desired as drinking water and the 1
electrolyzed acidic water after purifying dehumidified water by providing an electrolytic cell and to
enable maintenance by sterilizing dust and bacteria, etc., in a purifying device with the acidic wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type membrane element equipped with an original 1
liquid flow passage material capable of sufficiently suppressing the concentration polarization in the
vicinity of a separation membrane, and having high rejection and high permeated liquid quantity, and
an operation method therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the rise of the differential pressure of a filter membrane 1
treatment unit installed near the end of an apparatus so as to remove fine particles, to prolong the
service life of the membrane, to attain stable operation of the apparatus and to reduce the running cos
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make easily connectable each of outlet members on the filter- 1
membrane side to each of communicating holes on the header sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make obtainable a good-quality treated water in a high recovery yield 1
by adjusting concentrated water obtained with the former reverse osmosis membrane unit to a
specified pH before the concentrated water is passed through the latter reverse osmosis membrane
unit in a reverse osmosis membrane desalting method wherein raw water containing fluoride ions is
subjected to a two-step reverse osmosis membrane treatment to improve the water recovery rat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow yarn membrane module wherein the deformation of 1
a sealing material is restricted and the interfacial separation between a tubular case and the sealing
material is prevented, even when a high pressure or high impact pressure is applied or even when a
high-temperature fluid is supplied by forming, on the inner peripheral surface of an open end of the
tubular case, a plurality of steps which form an upward stairway toward the open end. SOLUTION:
This hollow yarn membrane module 1 is composed of a tubular case 2, a hollow yarn membrane
bundle 3 comprising a plurality of hollow yarn membranes, and a sealing material 4 such as a resin.
On the inner peripheral surface of one open end 2a of the case 2, three steps 8-10 are formed in the
form of a stairway so that an upward stairway is formed toward the open end. The surfaces in the
height direction forming the steps 8-10, i.e., the surfaces 8a-10a for stopping a sealing material,
receive the force in the axial direction of the case generated by the pressure difference between the
raw liquid side and the filtered liquid side of the sealing material 4, thus supporting the material 4.
Therefore, the deformation of the material 4 is restricted and the interfacial separation between the
case 2 and the material 4 is prevented, even when a high pressure or high impact pressure is applie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent bio-fouling easily and effectively by keeping the pH of raw 1
water at a specified value at least temporarily when the raw water is passed through a filter
membrane having a specified pore size to remove impuritie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compactly arrange respective separation membrane elements of a 1

membrane unit and to enable the membrane separator to be operated for a long period, while the
device is washed uniformly, by providing aeration means at least on the side of the membrane unit, in
the membrane separator in which an aeration means are arranged in a tank tougether with the
membrane uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis composite membrane having a high 1

desalting rate, a large water generating amt. and low in decrease in the water generating am
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To expedite the starting of a normal operation after suspension of the 1
operation and at the time of resuming the operation and thereby enhance the treatment efficiency by
supplying an inert gas into a hollow fiber membrane to cancel the vacuum condition after suspending
a water conduction/deaeration step, in the operating method for an outer pressure hollow fiber
membrane deaeration device with the function to set the interior of the hollow fiber membrane in a
vacuum pressure stat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently generate a cross flow at the time of constituting an 1

immersion-type membrane separator while reducing the amt. of diffusion of air and to uniformly clean
the membrane surface. SOLUTION: Plural rigid flat membrane cartridges 13 with the membrane
surface directed vertically are arranged in a membrane case 12 with the upper and lower parts
opened while leaving a specified interval between the membrane surfaces to constitute a membrane
case unit 14, the plural case units 14 are vertically disposed in multiple stages, a spacer case 15 is
provided to form an open space between the cases 12, and a diffuser case 17 contg. a diffuser 16 is
furnished below the lowermost case unit 14. As a result, a cross flow is generated over the plural case
units 14 by the diffuser 16, and the channeling is prevented by the spacer case 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and lightweight reverse-osmosis membrane 1

treating device with the reverse-osmosis membrane element (module) easily exchanged only by
detaching the front end plate of a pressure vessel and with the pressure vessel incorporated into a
narrow spac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water maker and a fresh water production method that 1
can be operated at a low cost and with high reliability, while deterioration of the quality of transmitted
liquid caused by proliferation of bacteria is prevented, and also not causing a problem of noise

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water maker and a fresh water production method that 1
can be operated at a low cost and with high reliability for a long period, and also not causing a
problem of noises. SOLUTION: A washing water piping 8 that interposes a flushing valve 9 is
connected to a concentrated water takeout piping 7 connected to a concentrated water outlet of a
fresh water generation cartridge 4. Opening and closing of the flushing valve 9 are controlled with a
timer 10. The flushing valve 9 is opened periodically during an interruption of a fresh water generation
work with the fresh water making cartridge 4 or during a freshwater making work, or simultaneously
with an interruption of the fresh water making work or at a reopening time of the fresh water
generation work, then the flushing work is performed. Thus, a membrane surface line speed on a
reverse osmosis membrane of the fresh water making cartridge 4 becomes higher and the impurities
deposited on the membrane surface are discharged to the outsid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain hot-spring water capable of reusing in circulation by removing 1

the pollutant such as org. matter and Escherichia coli without losing a hot-spring effective component
from spent hot-spring wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To constitute a production process capable of continuos treatment and to 1
enhance the productivity of a composite hollow fiber membrane as well as to enhance the
reproducibility and stability of the performance of the membrane by allowing a microporous hollow
fiber supporting membrane to travel in hot water under applied tension and forming a separation
activity layer on the outer surface of the supporting membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the output of a high pressure pump and to decrease the 1
quantity of ion moving with electric power by digging sea bottom to obtain ground water or boring to
take out water from ground water vein to use as raw water for low salt sea water desalting facilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a treatment efficient while an installing space of a whole water 1
treatment facility and a cost are reduced by enabling a continuous filter device to be appropriately
used by a method wherein the continuous filter device is connected to a previous step of a membrane
treatment device, and a raw water feed amount to the continuous filter device is controlled according
to a flow rate of the membrane treatment devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the continuation of the whole of a process by subjecting a 1

quantitatively supplied raw soln. to filtering treatment while holding a filtering speed to a certain
constant speed or more in a membrane filtering process. SOLUTION: A concn. apparatus 1 is
constituted of at least two membrane filter modules 14, the liquid control valves 16 provided to the raw
soln. inlets 15 of the modules 14, a measuring device 18 for measuring a filtering flow rate or a raw
soln. supply amt., a controller 3 receiving a signal from the measuring device 18 to control the liquid
control valves 16 and a circulating pump 4 and the membrane filter modules 14 are successively
operated corresponding to the reduction of a filtering rat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain bubbles from being generated on the permeation side in a 1
filter in which a filter membrane is immersed in liquid to be treated to obtain clarified water by head
pressure of the liquid to be treated by installing a clarified water storage part on the permeation side
of a filter membrane and lower than an effective part of the filter membrane and installing a clarified
water takeoff part in the lower part of the storage par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently inactivate cryptosporidium at the time of inactivating

cryptosporidium present in water with ozone by compositely adding hydrogen peroxide and ozone to
the water and irradiating the admixed water with the UV of a specified wavelengt

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hollow fiber membrane excellent in permeability, pressure 1

resistance, and strength and high in reliability concerning turbidity removal and bacteria removing
performance by specifying the bubbling point, thickness, inside diameter, pressure resistance, and
permeation coefficient of the hollow fiber membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To do good filtration even in a start-up period until organism filtration by a 1
method in which in an immersion type membrane element using a nonwoven fabric as a filter body on
the surface, the nonwoven fabric to which a gelling agent is adhered is immersed in raw water, the
gelling agent is expanded to form a gel layer as the filter body of a small openin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain separation performance of a flat membrane at a high level 1

over a long time and significantly reduce the frequency of cleaning by supporting cleaning members
of film with numerous cuts formed at a specified interval on an upper and a lower end part using
support members and tensely fitting the cleaning members across the entire separation faces of flat
membranes longitudinally along a flow path for liquid to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form to be compact and lightweight by fitting a cylindrical manual 1

suction pump to a water purifying means and making the pump communicate with the water purifying
means by a water supply pip

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize a hollow fiber membrane through the whole length 1
even in long mounting span by providing a pair of end part water collecting parts and an intermediate
water collecting part arranged between the end part water collecting parts and connecting plural
hollow fiber membranes each having opened both ends to the water collecting parts adjacent to each
other in paralle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type membrane element with a small between a 1
separation membrane and a raw water flow passage and with high packing efficiency of the
separation membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inhibit the deposition of insoluble components as well as to reliably 1

remove organic substances even in operation under the low pressure of tap water by forming a thin
film supported on a microporous substrate from a specified amine compound and a monomeric
compound having groups reactive with amino group

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid separator and a liquid separating method by which, a 1
high recovery ratio can be realized while deterioration of membrane performance due to silica scale is
prevente
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently reduce a trace soluble organic material in water to be
treated by adding a flocculant into the water to be treated to flocculate suspended materials and a
part of the soluble organic material in the water to remove, treating with ozone in an ozone reaction
vessel and after that, irradiating with ultraviolet ray in an ultraviolet ray reaction vesse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane which decreases 1

trihalomethanes contained in drinking water, etc., and exhibits high solute exclusion capability and
water permeability by forming a separation layer containing a crosslinked polyamide on a porous
support membrane and by setting the trihalomethane-generating capability of filtered water at 1/10 or
lower of that of raw wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the enrichment/adhesion of impurities in raw water on/to the 1
surface of a reverse osmosis membrane by a method in which a pure water re- circulating mechanism
for cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane of a reverse osmosis apparatus with pure water during
operation is installed on the raw water load side of the apparatus and an automatic pure water
cleaning process is incorporated while the apparatus is being use

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a polyacrylonitrile porous membrane high in water permeability, 1

reduced in clogging and capable of being safely and economically utilized in a water purifying field or
a waste water treatment fiel

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent pollution by bacteria by a method in which the second 1

discharge tip of a purified water supply pump has a valve for draining raw water which discharges
heated purified water supplied through a line connected to a gas adsorbent water treatment
apparatus, or the water treatment apparatus itself or a housed filler is made freely
attachable/detachabl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the treatment capacity of a membrane separator by keeping the 1
pH of raw water within a proper range, to prevent a pH sensor from being fouled, to detect pH
correctly, and to facilitate control by detecting the pH of filtrate and injecting an acid into the raw water
to keep the pH of the filtrate within a definite rang

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method whereby the decomposition of

substances to be decomposed such as dioxins and hardly biodegradable organic substances is
accelerated to clean water by connecting an ozone supply pipe to a pipe for supplying water to be
treated at the suction side of a pressurized supply pump and connecting a pressurized ultraviolet ion
apparatus to a pipe for supplying water to be treated containing ozone dissolved therein at the
delivery sid
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and efficiently attach and detach a membrane cartridge at the 1
time of causing clogging on the membrane surface, when a multistage stacked immersion type
membrane separation device vertically arranging membrane case units, arraying plural membrane
cartridges, in multistage is operate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low cost, compact and highly reliable treating system. 1
SOLUTION: In the treating system 500, a spiral type membrane module 100 is provided at the front
stage of a reverse osmosis membrane separation device 300, and a pretreatment is performed with
the spiral type membrane module 100. The spiral type membrane module 100 is formed by loading a
spiral type membrane element in a pressure container. The spiral type membrane element is
constituted by covering a spiral-shaped membrane element consisting of a plurality of independent or
continuous envelope-like membranes on the outer peripheral surface of a water collection tube via
raw water spacers with a separation membrane and further covering the resultant assembly with an
outer peripheral part flow path materia

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce pure water low in contents of boron and others, low in 1
conductivity, and high in quality by subjecting treated water whose pH and quantity of dissolved
oxygen are specified to reverse osmosis membrane treatment when the treated water treated by a
reverse osmosis membrane, after being subjected to deoxygenation treatment and pH adjustment, is
further deoxygenate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid generation of harmful trihalo-methane and to prevent 1

deterioration of water quality in a pretreatment of raw water fed to a reverse osmosis membrane
treatment devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new production method and device for activating water 1
which has effective quality for utilization over wide fields and also suitable to drinkin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently decompose pollutants in underground water by forming a

well reaching a polluted underground water layer, installing a pair of electrodes in the underground
water in the wall, and also providing a means for continuously feeding electrolyte into the
underground water in the well and a means for irradiating the underground water in the well with ligh

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a hollow-fiber membrane module 1

having a sufficient partition between the inner side and the outer side in a housing and free from
leakage, to provide such a hollow-fiber membrane module, and to provide a hollow-fiber membrane
module unit using the modul
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain high filtration efficiency for a long duration as a whole by 1
evenly washing a large number of filtration membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently utilize ozone to improve the quality of treated water by 1
injecting ozone at between a neutralizing tank for neutralizing a supernatant obtained at a
sedimentation and separation tank by the addition of an alkali agent and a circulation tank for a
poststep membrane filtration apparatus or a membrane supply tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease the deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane due to 1

deformation under the operation condition of high pressure and high density, to make the pressure
loss of elements not so large, to prevent the performance deterioration of the elements due to
concentration polarization, and to provide a sufficient pressure-resistant property and separation
performanc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the formation of bromate ions from dissolved bromine by
irradiating ozone treated water with UV at a time of the oxidation of a substance to be treated such as
org. matter by ozone by the injection of ozone in water to be treated to decompose excessive ozon

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a septic tank hard to exert adverse effect on water treatment 1
environment even if receiving a large quantity of water to be treated and capable of also utilizing
water to be treated passed through a membrane effectivel

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To substantially prevent the elution of a hydrophilic high polymer 1

recognized as foreign matters within the living body by specifying the content of the hydrophobic high
polymer to be extracted by prescribed % of an aqueous ethanol solution into a selective separation
membrane consisting of the hydrophilic high polymer and a hydrophobic high polymer to a prescribed
value or below per prescribed area of the liquid to the treated contact side membrane of the selective
separation membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a raw water treatment equipment for pretreating raw water of 1
general rivers even if the turbidity thereof becomes ultra-high temporarily to suppress the turbidity
thereof to a definite value or less and utilizing a moving bed type sand filter equipment to supply
industrial water or water of a small water-supply system reduced to several degrees or less in turbidit
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make increasable the membrane area of a hollow fiber membrane 1
capable of being stored in a cylindrical vessel, make a drift not generated when scrubbing air rises,
and to make efficiently washable a hollow fiber membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a immersed plane membrane filter likely to be capable of 1

saving energy and obtaining a great amount of permeated water, and its operating metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-cost membrane separation device, having high safety, 1
and not causing any problems of nois

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform an ozone oxidation treatment and a membrane 1

separation treatment by restraining the ozone use quantity, even in the case raw water of high
turbidity or raw water of high organic colloid component concentration is treated, in a raw and waste
water treatment device for oxidizing the raw water with ozone in order to prevent contamination of the
membrane, and subsequently separating the ozone treated water with a membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently clean a membrane with the use of a chemical agent solution 1
by bonding or fusing both support base material and membrane in such a manner that a space
between the base material and the membrane is demarcated into a plurality of mutually
communicating segments, in a membrane separating device comprising a flat membrane element
with a membrane formed on the surface of the support base material, longitudinally arranged and
soaked in a stock solutio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for decomposing trace org. material capable of
efficiently decomposing oxidatively the trace org. material in water by the irradiation of UV rays
without causing the oxidation deterioration of the device and to provide a method for decomposing the
trace org. material capable of decomposing and highly removing the trace org. material in the wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat a trace amount of contamination substance in water to be

treated, and to remove the contamination substance of a wide range of concentration by making
ultraviolet rays to be effectively absorbed in the waste treatment of low concentration contaminatio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently produce a plurality of spiral membrane module 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain water pressure at or below a specified pressure during water 1
supply for prevention of deterioration of and damage to parts, and prevent occurrence of internal
germs of various sorts during stoppage of the water supply by providing a pressure maintaining
function for maintaining fluid pressure in a fluid passage at or below the specified pressure, a
preventive function against retention for preventing internal retention of fluid and a function for
discharging the internal fluid when necessar

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the system small-sized, high in safety to water, and clean and
sanitary by forming an ultraviolet-ray sterilizing lamp in one-side ferrule structure and arranging
irradiation parts of the ultraviolet-ray sterilizing lamp at specific intervals in a guide tub

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily specify a filter membrane element whose membrane is broken 1
and facilitate the control of a water circulation volume of water to be treated and purifying water for
backward washing to the filter membrane elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the method for surely sterilizing a membrane in a membrane 1
separation devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain palatable drinking water of good quality while holding the 1
beneficial points of ocean deep water by subjecting ocean deep water to desalting treatment to set
the electric conductivity of the treated water to a range of a predetermined valu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reconcile the high removing capacity of low-molecule wt. org. matter 1
and the high water permeability per a module vol. by setting the removing ratio of sucrose and the
water transmitting flow rate of a membrane module to predetermined values or more when a
predetermined sucrose aq. soln. is subjected to membrane filtering treatment at predetermined temp.
under predetermined pressur
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation type cleaning tank capable of easily 1
performing the maintenance/inspection work of a membrane separato

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the propagation of bacteria or endotoxin apt to generate in 1

an apparatus at the stop time of water making and to enhance operabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water storing tank and a water cleaning machine having the
water storing tank in which a user can easily recognize an amount of storing water from outside
without generating algae or bacteria at the water storing tank or its circumferences. SOLUTION: A
tank main body 33 of a water storing tank 3 is provided with a water level displaying plate 31 formed
by a transparent ultraviolet ray shielding resin through a spacer 3

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to effectively suppress the closure of various 1

membrane modules and further to easily each chemical liquid at a low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water production method and device enabling to easily and 1
inexpensively obtain soft water and hard water both having hardness suited to cooking water, and
also being less in nois

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the arranging height and area of a condensed water filter and 1
to reduce equipment cost while facilitating the maintenance work of a filter elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the performance of removing a hardness component and the 1
performance of permeating water per module volume by specifying the removal rate of calcium
chloride and the volume of permeating water through a membrane module, when supplying a water
solution of a specific rate calcium chloride at a specific temperature and pH value and under a specific
pressure to the modul
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make realizable a steady disinfection function without being
influenced by the change in the amount of water to be treated, which flows in an open channe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion-type membrane separator capable of 1

preventing membrane cartridges from vibratin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide composite semipermeable membrane which is produced by 1

coating one surface of polysulfone-based semipermeable membrane with a polyamide-based polymer
thin film and is excellent in permeation performance, separation performance and in particular
performance with respect to the removal of organic matte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently decompose and remove organic matter by means of a low-
voltage UV irradiation without using any chemicals by providing the low-voltage UV irradiation means
and an ion exchange means and returning part or all of the treated water obtained by the ion
exchange means to the introduction side of the low-voltage UV irradiation means as circulating wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and inexpensively treat liquid without necessitating stopping of 1
a device, even when clogging, etc., are generated, when a liquid treatment such as water cleaning
treatment and waste water treatment is performe
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate gaps of various sizes and shapes between processed dusts 1
and make these gaps work as the holes to capture the small size processed dusts by removing the
dusts with a filter including the dusts among those generated in mechanical processing of
semiconductor with a fluid. SOLUTION: Objects to be removed generated in mechanical processing
such as grinding, polishing or milling or the like are distributed, in its size (grain size), within a certain
Range and are different in the shape thereof. The objects 12B to be removed that are smaller than the
filter hole 11 pass but those to be removed 12A that are larger than the filter hole 11 are captured. The
large size objects to be removed 12A captured becomes the layer of the initial stage of the second
filter film 13 and this film forms the filter hole smaller than the filter hole 11 and small size objects 12B
to be removed are captured from the large size objects to be removed 12A via the small size filter
hole. Even if the filter capability of the filter film 13 is lowered, the capability can be recovered with
addition of an external forc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce equipments and power in membrane separation type water 1
treatment provided with an immersion type membrane filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a soft water control device capable of reliably obtaining an 1
aliquot of soft water fed from a hard component removing device via a main pipe, preventing a waste
of soft water, and measuring hard components with few measurement error

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a backwashing method efficiently backwashing an internal 1

pressure type hollow fiber membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize a hollow fiber membrane cartridge while cleaning 1
performance is maintained by filling active carbon in an opening inside a cas

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a membrane filtration apparatus for 1

preventing clogging of the membranes while suppressing the use amount of a flocculan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultrafiltration membrane for surface water treatment 1

capable of efficiently removing bacteria and viruses and scarcely becoming filthy owing to
hydrophilicity and minus electric charge in filtration of river water, lake water, and groundwater by
adding the optimum amounts of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and sulfonated polyethersulfone to increase the
hydrophilicity of a polyethersulfone membrane, to provide a method for producing the ultrafiltration
membrane, and to provide a dope composition to be used for the membrane and for the metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning device capable of surely removing dirt by a simple 1
treatment system without utilizing harmful liquid such as fluorocarbo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase a permeating flow flux permeating a filtering membrane and 1
to greatly suppress an increase of filtering pressur

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method of an excellent polyamide reverse 1

osmosis composite membrane usable in desalination treatment of surface water, sea water, etc., and
higher in an amount to be permeate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promote the removal of org. compds. in a water to be treated by

oxidation by applying filtration and ion exchange to a part of the UV- irradiated water or the water to
be irradiated, then supplying the treated water to an electrolytic hydrogen peroxide generator and
circulating the supplied water to UV irradiation as the hydrogen peroxide-contg. water to treat the
wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly inject ozone even if the quality of raw water is varied at the
time of controlling the ozone injection so that the dissolved ozone concn. of an ozone contact basin is
kept constant by measuring the UV absorbance and temp. of the water to be treated and then
determining the ozone injection ratio based on a specified expressio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane filtration apparatus in which 1

bubbles for washing the filtration membranes are made large and distribution of the bubbles is made
unifor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water making apparatus using an electric deionized 1
water making apparatus not generating scale in a concn. chamber, high in water recovery and
excellent in current efficiency and capable of reducing the load of an ion exchange apparatus of a rear
stage or capable of reducing the replacing frequency of a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus of a
front stage and a pure water making method using the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high degree water cleaning treatment method capable of 1
reducing the arranging space of a nano-filter membrane module for pretreatment, in a process
performing pretreatment for removing divalent ions by the nano-filter membrane module and
subsequently performing desalting treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning method of a filter surface and a solid-liquid 1

separator capable of efficiently cleaning foreign matter causing the clogging inside the filter surface on
arbitrary and optimal positions of respective filter module

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water recovery system which can maintain a processing 1
volume of water through a separating membrane and the use life of the latter at a high level, and
which can greatly reduce the frequency and the volume of discharge of a condensed solution so as
enhance the recovery rate of used wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating a reverse osmosis device capable of 1
controlling or regulating conditions of plant operation while monitoring the level of bromine or boron in
the permeated water obtained from a reverse osmosis modul
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water making apparatus comprising a reverse osmosis 1
membrane module, preventing the scaling or accumulation of silica to reverse osmosis membranes
brought about when the concentration of silica in supply water increases and keeping the amount of
transmitted water constant to obtain pure water in stable quantit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optically measure the degree of pollution of tap water and to easily
indicate the exchanging timing of a water-purifying cartridge of a water purifier and the like by
irradiating ultraviolet rays to water containing a cyclodextrin derivative. SOLUTION: A cyclodextrin
derivative contains as a host compound an X-hydroxynaphthalene-Y-amidated cyclodextrin obtained
by adding an A- hydroxy-B-carboxyl-naphthalene with a raw material cyclodextrin. A method of
measuring the degree of pollution of water employs fluorescence emitted from water containing a
trace of pollutants and the cyclodextrin derivative added thereto at a specific wavelength when
ultraviolet rays are applied to the wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating a membrane separator which is 1

arranged with a plurality of separation membrane units in juxtaposition, is capable of assuring the
desired volume of the treating water equal to that during ordinary operation even during extraordinary
operation when the operation of part of the separation membrane units are paused, prevents the
degradation in membrane separability, is high in the effective utilization rate of the separation
membrane units and is highly cost effectiv

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane filtration unit which increases 1
membrane areas without increasing production stages, substantially prevents clogging and is good in
backwashing and regenerating characteristics and a method for manufacturing the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis treatment device of constitution adequate 1

for enhancing the recovery rate of the permeated water from supply water while preventing the
clogging in the elements on a supply sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purifier in which a ceramic filter is simply replace 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane treating device by which energy is efficiently 1

consumed, the energy recovery efficiency is increased, and energy is save
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral membrane element capable of performing stable 1
filtering operation at a low cost while keeping a high transmission flux over a long period of time and a
method for operating a spiral membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To certainly detect the contamination degree of a sterilizing lamp to

perform washing without delaying washing timing and to prevent the adverse effect of treated water
used in washing on environmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration membrane module which can maintain a high 1
water permeation rat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dipping type flat membrane separation device reduced in 1
the frequency of the maintenance and saved in the manpower for the maintenance wor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desorption method for adsorptive substance in a separator 1

having an assembly of hollow fiber membranes, a hollow fiber membrane case provided with a first
fluid inlet and outlet communicating with terminal apertures of the hollow fiber membranes and a
second fluid inlet and outlet communicating with the outer peripheries of the hollow fiber membranes
and adsorbents existing in the hollow fiber membrane cas

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating membranes with which the membrane 1
device is unitized to meet an increasing amount of treatment, the amount of treatment is further
increased by securing a certain amount of flux for long time, the frequency of disassembling and
washing of the frame is reduced to reduce the labor and cost incurred by the disassembling and
washing and hence an overall energy cost is suppresse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively remove and sterilize pathogenic microorganism 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a membrane separator by which a 1
permeation water quantity is sufficiently recovered only by backward washing with wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treating apparatus which can be operated or worked 1
stably, is improved in performance for removing a TOC component and can be used as a water
purifying apparatus which produces drinkable water and various kinds of service water or a high-
degree treating apparatus which further treats biologically treated water to a higher degre

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily obtain drinking water at the time of emergenc 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a two-stage reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and 1

method capable of stably and inexpensively obtaining treated water of excellent quality without
requiring an expensive and exclusive alkali addition amount controlle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid separation filter which is capable of selectively, 1

efficiently and continuously separating a specific liquid from a solution to be treated which contains
the specific liquid and separating a large volume of the liquid and a liquid separation method using the
sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide pretreating device capable of preventing deterioration of 1

water quality of secondary filtered water fed to a reverse osmosis membrane treating device, even in
an operation of the device for long hours, as a sealed piping type (a non-open piping type) pretreating
device for pretreating raw water fed to the reverse osmosis membrane treating devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane cartridge having an enhanced 1

durability to aeration, and a production method therefore. SOLUTION: The cartridge has an inside
fixing part A provided with a resin-made filter plate 41 and a filter membrane 44 arranged so as to
cover the surface of the filter plate 41, and in the filter plate 41, an inside fixing part A, a water sealing
part S and an outside fixing part B are formed. The inside fixing part A consists of plural margins 42a,
42b and 43 for welding which are projected from the surface of the plate 41, formed multiply along the
peripheral part of the plate 41 and weld the filter membrane 44 while the inside margin 42a holds the
filter membrane 44 in a stretched state. The water sealing part S is formed of the central margin 42
and secures water stopping function over the whole periphery of the filter membrane 44. The outside
fixing part B is formed of the outside margin 43 and fixes the periphery of the filter membrane 44 to
the filter plate 4
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fabric membrane cartridge having the decreased 1
number of components and the simplified structur

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water maker and a pure water making apparatus 1
enhanced in the removing capacity of soluble substances and ions which are not sufficiently removed
by a conventional pure water maker using a precise filter membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane
and capable of being made compact and reduced in use pressure as compared with a conventional
pure water maker using a reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the set of recovery rate of a reverse osmosis membrane 1
module at a value larger than that of a conventional water purifying unit using a reverse osmosis
membrane module and an ion exchange unit, to enable the elimination of an ion exchange unit
disposed at the latter stage of the reduction of a load on the ion exchange unit, and to allow a hollow
fiber nano-filter membrane module to perform a function of the pre-treatment fiber of the reverse
osmosis membrane module, thereby eliminating or simplifying a conventional pre-treatment filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide treated water suitable for drinking water without using usual 1
sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning method using an ultraviolet irradiation

device, not requiring the addition of a special component and capable of efficient ly decomposing and
removing organic matter in water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase contact efficiency between organic matters and an 1

photocatalyst without lowering water treating efficiency, to easily recover the deteriorated
photocatalyst inexpensively at the recovery cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating a reverse osmosis treatment device 1
capable of maintaining the high quality of permeating water irrespective of the change in the
temperature of raw water and the membrane performance of a reverse osmosis module, and reducing
the cost of making water while suppressing the variation in the amount of the permeating wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification device which is capable of performing
water purification without requiring any adsorbent and also without using any biological purification
process, by irradiating to-be-treated water with UV from an excimer lamp, thereby decomposing and
removing harmful components in the water and concurrently subjecting the water to sterilization
treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning device of adsorbent regeneration type

having a means for regenerating an adsorbent which has lost the adsorption performance of
hazardous components by hydrogen peroxide which is formed by irradiating water with the UV rays
from a UV lam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dissolve such problems that in a conventional water cleaning method
using an adsorbent such as activated cleaning and microorganisms jointly, the adsorption
performance is limited and labor and time for the maintenance and regeneration are required and in a
method using ozone, an oxidation power of ozone and solubility of ozone into water are low, and in a
method using UV rays, service lives of the lamp, etc., are problems, and besides also in a method
using chemicals, a post treatment of the treated liquid is required, and in a method using ultrasonic
waves, lowering of the efficiency affected by air bubbles generating on an ultrasonic wave radiation
surface and the air bubbles flowing into an ultrasonic wave propagation spac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an economical water treating device or a water treating

method using ozone together with UV rays capable of improving decomposing and removing
efficiency of a subject material to be cleaned in the water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying device which adopts a fuel cell equipped 1
with hydrogen cylinders for the driving power source of a floating construction for water purifying,
prevent the unstable supply of the power source and the degradation of generation efficiency and is
miniaturize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation device which is capable of obtaining 1

fresh water efficiently and stably with a small amount of energy and at a high recovery rate such as
40% or more, especially from seawater and removing boron, without causing an issue of scale
formation as well as provide a membrane separation metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary flat membrane separation device which is so 1

designed as to take as broad an effective membrane area as possible while the deflection of a rotary
flat membrane disc by rotation is controlle
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyethylene hollow fiber-like porous membrane of good 1
molding properties, superior mechanical strength and resistance to scuffing. SOLUTION: The
polyethylene hollow fiber-like porous membrane is characterized by the viscosity-average molecular
weight of 100,000-1,000,000, the molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of 6 or less, the void content of
30-90% and the average pore diameter of 0.03-5 &mu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for regenerating inorganic porous particles, a water 1
cleaning method and a continuous water cleaning apparatus, easily adaptable even to special
environment like space environment as a water reutilizing system by safely removing impurities
contained in water and steam by using a compact equipment without using any chemical at all.
SOLUTION: Inorganic porous particles are regenerated by heating inorganic porous particles to 100-
200 deg.C in a reduced pressure state of 10 Pa or less to desorb ammonia and/or amines adsorbed
on the porous particles. A composite film, wherein a hydrophilic film is laminated on the surface of a
dense film having a cationic group and/or a hydrophobia porous film, is used in the water cleaning
method and the continuous water cleaning apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtering method in which deterioration of filtering 1

performance due to an abrasion caused by scratching rubbing against each other, etc., of a
suspension component and the membrane itself is suppressed when suspension water is filtered, and
which is excellent from the viewpoint of the cost and environment, and stable for a long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and lightweight drinking water producing device 1
from sea water which is usable even to a small sized ship, concerning a reverse osmosis membrane
device utilizing a gas turbine as a driving machine of a high pressure pum

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease the frequency of clogging of a using separation membrane 1

and to stably feed purified wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water manufacturing device constituted of an RO 1

membrane device and an electric deionizing device which sufficiently increases an electric current
value required for desalting by securing the required concentration of salts in the electric deionizing
device without injecting an agent such as NaCl and thereby performs the stable and efficient desalting
process to obtain the treated water of high qualit
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane separator and a water purifying 1
system capable of efficiently purifying water by suppressing clogging of a separation membrane.
SOLUTION: A separation membrane module for separating raw water to solids and liquid is provided
in the inside of a membrane separation tank 11, and further the immersion type membrane device 10
provided with a carbon fiber unit 13 is used inside the membrane separation tank 11. As the carbon
fiber unit 13, a carbon fiber sheet-shaped material, etc., in which plural carbon fibers are arranged in a
sheet form, can be used. As this sheet-shaped material in which, especially wefts consisting of the
carbon fibers are arrayed in nearly parallel in a sheet shape, and an arrayed interval of these woofs is
hold with one or more columns of warps, and the warps form a Raschel knitting and preferably the
weft is passed through the mesh and fixed to it. By adsorption performance of the carbon fiber for
organic matters, the organic matters in the raw water are adsorbed on the carbon fiber surface, thus
clogging of the separation membrane is prevented and water purification is efficiently performe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter for high temperature water economically and efficiently 1
usable as well in a high temperature water syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a condensed water filtering device for decreasing an iron 1
concentration of filtered condensed water to a desired iron concentration. SOLUTION: This
condensed water filtering device 60 is provided with the same constitution as a conventional
condensed water filtering device except that an iron concentration adjusting device 62 for the filtered
condensed water is provided. In the iron concentration adjusting device 62, filters 12A to C are
connected with an inflow pipe 14 for allowing unfiltered condensed water to flow therein and with an
outflow pipe 16 for allowing filtered condensed water to flow therefrom, and the device 62 is provided
with a bypass pipe 64 by which the unfiltered condensed water bypasses the filters 12A-C, an iron
concentration analyzer 66 disposed on the outflow pipe 16, an automatic flow rate adjusting valve 68
disposed on the bypass pipe 64, and an iron concentration control device 70. The iron concentration
control device 70 adjusts an opening degree of an automatic flow rate adjusting valve 68 based on an
iron concentration of the filtered condensed water measured by the iron concentration analyzer 66 so
as to adjust a flow rate of the unfiltered condensed water bypassing from the inflow pipe 16 to the
outflow pipe 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purified water making device solving the problem of pyroge 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis fresh water generator which achieves 1
energy saving and can generate fresh water of high qualit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane cartridge with improved assembling 1
workabilit
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid separation element and a module capable of stably 1
operating for a long duration while using separation membranes having high salt removal capability
and water producing capability at the time of operation at a pressure as low as around 0.5 Mp

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of purifying natural water with a membrane 1

excellent in the operability of backwashing and the efficiency, and purifying it, while treating
performance of a hollow fiber filter membrane module is recovered by membrane washing less in
burden on the hollow fiber filter membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning circulating water being the heating 1
medium of an air conditioner of a building or the like. SOLUTION: A cleaning treatment method for
heat accumulation water consists of a process for introducing heat accumulation water for indoor air
conditioning into a raw water tank at first before sending the same to a heat exchanger, a process for
aerating the heat accumulation water by the air diffusion pipe arranged to the central part of the raw
water tank, a process for passing the aerated heat accumulation water through the filter membrane of
an immersion type filter membrane module arranged to the upper side part of the raw water tank
directly above the air diffusion pipe to filter the same and a process for dipping up filtered water to be
treated to the outsid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane having high 1

excluding property of solute and high water permeability even at an operation under low pressure,
and its manufacturing metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a portable simple water cleaner of which the simplicity in 1
operation arouses users' desire to utilize it. SOLUTION: For a city water which is slightly uneasy to be
drunk caused by containing much residual chlorine, only a main body A of which the suction opening
3 sucking a raw water shares a discharge opening discharging a treating water is utilized, and for a
bad-quality water containing suspended materials an attachment B is jointly utilize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perfectly remove bacteria, etc., in pure wate 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation method capable of more stably obtaining a low 1
concentration solution from a high concentration solution in high yield, with less energy, at a lower
cost, and with high efficienc
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce pure water which is high in purity and stable in quality by 1
improving the efficiency of CO2 elimination in a membrane deaerator, in a method for producing pure
water by the use of R0 apparatuses and the membrane deaerator. SOLUTION: In the method for
producing pure water, raw water, after being conditioned to have pH 4-7.5 and CO2 concentration of
10 mg/L or below, is passed through the R0 apparatuses 2 and 3 to be subjected to multi-stage R0
desalination treatment and passed through the membrane deaerator 4 to be deaerate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both an electric type device for producing deionized water, in 1
which treated water having excellent water quality can be stably produced even in such operation that
pressure difference is caused in a desalination chamber and a concentration chamber, and a
deionization module used therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the structure by setting so as that the height position of free 1
water level of a raw water supply starting pipe should be the sum or higher of a filtration resistance
water level of a permeation membrane module and a filtrated water pipe resistance water level of the
outlet sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably produce clean water of high quality at a low production cos 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersed flat membrane separated device apparatus 1

having accelerated flow velocity on the membrane surface by improving factors decelerating the flow
velocit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reutilize a blow water as a replenishment water of a circulation cooling 1

water system by stably and cheaply treating the blow water with a less amount of chemical used and
simple treatment equipment and to stably carry out a filtration film treatment and a subsequent RO
film treatment for a long period even if it is water containing calcium and silica (may be water other
than the circulation cooling water

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating spiral membrane element and spiral 1
membrane module with which a stable filtering operating can be performed at low cost while
maintaining high permeation flux for a long tim
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment system using spiral membrane module and an 1
operating method therefor with which stable filtering operation can be performed at a low cost while
maintaining high permeation flux for a long tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating membrane separator by which 1

chemical washing costs and chemical waste treatment costs are markedly reduced. SOLUTION: In
the operating method for membrane separator by which a plurality of membrane modules 40A-40D
are successively washed by chemicals, each of membrane modules is turned into standstill state after
chemical washing. Since the membrane module is not exchanged until the membrane permeation
differential pressure of another membrane module becomes just before an allowable value, chemical
washing frequency is markedly reduce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber module in which the degradation of the filtering 1
ability caused by clogging the opening end part of a hollow fiber membrane by a fixing resin is not
generated, and to provide its production method and a hollow fiber module unit. SOLUTION: In the
method for a hollow fiber membrane module, where at least one end part of a bundle of the hollow
fiber membrane bundled with hollow fiber membranes 3 is inserted into the housing 2 through an
inserting hole 8 of a hollow housing 2 and where the bundle of the hollow fiber membrane is fixed in
the housing 2 by injecting a fixing resin 5 into the inserting hole 8, filaments 11 (a damming member)
damming the fixing resin 5 is pre-fitted on the bundle of the hollow fiber membrane so that the
filaments 11 may be positioned in a range from the opening end part 12 of the hollow fiber
membranes 3 to the opening part 13 of the inserting hole 8 of the housing 2 when the bundle of the
hollow fiber membrane is inserted into the housing 2 through the inserting hole

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treating apparatus containing an ozone treating 1

device and a membrane filtering device, which can treat water stably with minimum clogging of the
membrane without increasing the injection amount of ozone even for an increase in turbidity of raw
wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove pathogenic animals in filtered treated water with a turbidity of 1
1 deg. or less using a filter membrane member with a pore size of 0.8-3.0 &mu m and to also enable
the backwashing of the filter membrane member by air. SOLUTION: The water cleaning treatment
apparatus using the large pore size filter membrane uses the filter membrane member with a pore
size of 0.8-3.0 &mu m and is constituted so as to supply filtered treated water (2a) to the filter
membrane member (4) by the water level difference (LD) between a raw water treatment tank 1 and
the filter membrane member (4) to remove pathogenic animal

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient method for manufacturing a hollow fiber 1

membrane cartridge embedded with metallic nuts having corrosion resistance or high strengt
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent clogging in a hollow fiber membrane filter. SOLUTION: A filter 1
tube 2 is devided by a funnel member 3 into two parts, i.e., a filter room 4 of the upper side and a
recovering room 5 of the lower side. Hollow fiber modules 6 are arranged spread in a chevron shape
in the room 4. Original liquid W1 is jetted along radial direction from jetting ports 7a, 7b of an injecting
pipe 7. Thereby the modules 6 are spread in a chevron shape and vibrated. Thus, the original liquid
W1 is extended even to the inside of the modules 6, and effective filtration is carried out and
depositions 10 are peeled. The peeled depositions 10 enter into the room 5. The depositions 10
entered into the room 5 are not returned to the room 4, and the depositions 10 once peeled do not
adhere again to the modules

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To feed pure water having extremely less fear of putrefaction by avoiding 1
danger of intrusion of bacteria which generate when pure water retains in the device as much as
possible, in a feed method of pure water and the device in a vending machine, et

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water contamination cleaning device using rotary members
having titanium oxide photocatalyst coatings for decomposing hardly degradable contaminants,
hazardous materials and pathogenic bacteria. SOLUTION: This device includes contamination
cleaning means 10 which are coated with the titanium oxide photocatalyst coatings on their outside
surfaces and are rotated, power transmission means 20 which transmit rotational driving power to the
contamination cleaning means, oxygen supplying means 40 which supply oxygen to contamination
sources by the driving power transmission of the power transmission means described above and
photoirradiation means which induce the photochemical activity of the contamination cleaning means.
The titanium oxide coatings are activated by the photoirradiation means and the contaminants are
cleaned. The contamination cleaning means are formed to consist of a semi-submersible type in
which one side is exposed into the air and the other side exists in the liquid. The oxygen supplying
means act to supply the oxygen to the underwater contamination sources from the inside of the
atmospheric air by the rotating force of the contamination cleaning means by the transmitted driving
forc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a solid-liquid separating membrane with which flow rate per 1
unit area is sufficiently obtained and which is durable to contamination and has large physical strengt

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method and apparatus using a titanium
dioxide porous film, which requires no regular irradiation with ultraviolet rays, has durability and can
decompose organic matter at a high level, capable of continuously removing organic matter by simple
apparatus constitution and capable of simply regulating a permeation flux without washing the fil

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus which can use the conventional 1
reverse osmosis membrane apparatus for manufacturing a concentrated liquid as it is and efficiently
manufacture the concentrated liquid without impairing the flavor, components, etc., of a liquid to be
concentrate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an immersion type membrane filtration apparatus for water 1
treatment having an automatic membrane breakage detecting device that can accurately, surely, and
promptly detect the breakage of a hollow fiber membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively mass-produce drinking water containing bittern rich in 1

minerals by making use of deep sea wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for managing a water treatment system 1

comprehensively, economically and efficientl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform a strong cleaning treatment of water in a swimming pool by

using ozone, to economically and effectively decompose and remove hardly decomposable organic
chlorinated compounds generated by addition of a chlorine agent which is indispensable for the
cleaning treatment of water in the swimming pool and to solve the problem of residual ozone caused
by using ozone. SOLUTION: After water 30 in the pool taken out from the inside of a tank of the pool
31 is filtered through a filter 12, the water 30 is sterilized by the chlorine agent and returned into the
tank. A part of the water 30 in the pool filtered through a filter 12 is taken out, ozone gas is injected to
the water 30 in the pool by an ozone injector 22. The water 30 in the pool injected ozone gas is
passed through a retaining tower 24 to be subjected to oxidation treatment by dissolved ozone. A part
of the water 30 in the pool after ozone treatment is sent to an ultraviolet ray irradiating tower 25 and
the ozonized water 30 is irradiated with the ultraviolet ray

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral membrane element capable of performing stable 1

filtering operation at a low cost while keeping high permeation flux over a long period of time, and a
method for operating and washing a spiral membrane module. SOLUTION: The spiral membrane
module is equipped with the spiral membrane element 1 having a separation membrane high in back
pressure strength. The flow rate of permeated water at the time of filtering of the spiral membrane
element 1 is preferably set to 0.5-2.0 m3/m2/day and the filtering time thereof is set to 10-300 min.
The flow rate of washing water at the time of washing is preferably set to 1.0-4.0 m3/m2/day and a
washing time is preferably set to 10-300 sec. Within this range, the ratio of the water passing quantity
at the time of filtering and that at the time of backwashing is set to 600 or les

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reliable water purifier in which the adhesion of a pleat filter 1
is prevented, and no channeling is occurre
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation method using a nano-filter 1
membrane which can efficiently remove salts from saline water and seawater, to adjust minerals, and
in the field of food, by a low pressure operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning treatment method capable of preventing the 1
turbidity of obtained tap water and dispensing with the additional charging of a microorganism bonded
granular carrier, and an apparatus therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal pressurization type membrane treating device, by 1

which a solid clogged at the open ends of a hollow fiber membrane can be removed easil

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning apparatus capable of supplying sanitary 1

water by preventing a rise in the concentration of impurities in transmitted water flowing out of a
transmitted water outlet and dispensing with a water tank to extend the durable life of a reverse
osmosis membrane and capable of preventing the lowering of the water making capacity of a filter
means at the time of injection of water, and an automatic pure water vending machine equipped
therewit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separation method of which the water 1

permeation speed is stable over a long period of time. SOLUTION: A transmitted liquid tank 20 is
separated into a first tank 18 and a second tank 20 by a partition plate 22 and the transmitted liquid
overflows the first tank 18 and a clarified transmitted liquid enters the second tank 20. Since the
clarified transmitted liquid of the second tank 20 is used in back wash, the clogging of the membrane
by back wash is prevente

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtains a cool-insulating material whose melting temperature 1

(freezing temperature) can easily be changed into an arbitrary temperature of \Ale;-2\Adeg;C and
which has excellent sanitary safet

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane-separated water controlling equipment capable 1

of effectively preventing clogging in a membrane separating equipment having a dialysis membrane
such as a semipermeable membrane to secure a long and stable operation and a method for
controlling water in the membrane separating equipment using the sam
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying equipment capable of smoothly transferring 1
purified water which has passed through a reverse osmosis membrane to a storage tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment equipment using a hollow fiber membrane 1
module capable of more effectively capturing a fibrous impurity contained in a liquid to be treated and
capable of performing a long and stable filtration treatment. SOLUTION: The water treatment
equipment 1 according to this invention is provided with the hollow fiber membrane module 10
treating the liquid to be treated, an air diffuser 20 mounted beneath the membrane module 10 and an
impurity capturing section 21a to capture the fibrous impurity in the liquid to be treated and mounted
between the membrane module 10 and the air diffuser 20. With this constitution, a stable filtration
treatment can be performed even by using a water treatment equipment with a conventional hollow
fibrous membrane module by preventing the fibrous impurity from twining around the hollow fibrous
membrane when capturing the impurit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module whose housing is hardly 1
warped by air bubbling though the accumulation rate of the hollow fiber membrane module can be
made high and in which entanglement of hollow fiber membranes is not generated and to provide a
unit of the hollow fiber membrane modules. SOLUTION: This hollow fiber membrane module is
provided with the housing 2 which has

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multiple separation membrane, in which the generation of 1

the defects are suppressed and which has high salt eliminating performance, and a manufacturing
method thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multiple-unit semipermeable membrane capable of 1

withstanding long-term operation under a high pressure exceeding 5 MPa and having high pressure
resistance. SOLUTION: The multiple-unit semipermeable membrane has a crosslinked polyamine
superthin film formed by allowing an aqueous solution containing at least a kind of an amine
component selected from the group of polyfunctional amins having at least 2 primary and/or
secondary amino group to contact with a fine porous membrane obtained by applying a film forming
original liquid prepared by dissolving a polymer in an organic solvent and adding an inorganic salt on
a base material and next, allowing a water immiscible organic solvent solution containing an acid
halide having at least 2 acid halide groups to contact with the fine porous membrane to perform an
interfacial polycondensation on the fine porous membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of inexpensively and exactly controlling the
dissolved oxygen dissolved in water. SOLUTION: Gaseous nitrogen and gaseous oxygen are mixed
in a mixer 23 and the gaseous mixture is sent to a pressure tank 21 where the mixture is dissolved in
the water therein. The mixture is fed into a hermetic tank 11. The water stagnating in the hermetic tank
11 is circulated by a circulating pump 22 and is subjected to activation treatment in a ceramic cylinder
14 and an UV irradiator 15 and is injected by a gas injection nozzle 16. The mixing ratio of both
gaseous nitrogen and oxygen is regulated by using the value detected by an oxidation reduction
potential and dissolved oxygen detecting sensor 30 in the hermetic tank 11. The stagnated water in
the hermetic tank 11 is passed through a UV irradiator 32 by a filter pump 35 and is sterilized. The
water is then passed through the ceramic cylinder 33 and its oxidation reduction potential is regulated
to a prescribed value. The water is passed through filter equipment 34 by which sludge, etc., are
filtered out. The water is then returned to the hermetic tank. The treated water is stored into a stock
tank 4 automatically regulated to a prescribed volume and is subjected to occasional us

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter apparatus for water treatment capable of almost 1
perfectly removing dioxins contained in water. SOLUTION: In the filter apparatus for water treatment
wherein a housing 10 equipped with a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12 is filled with a first water
treatment agent 20 and a second water treatment agent 30 to be arranged and water is passed
through the first and second water treatment agents 20 and 30, the first water treatment agent 20 is
constituted of a superposed bed wherein four or more beds 21a-21e each comprising a desired
number of ceramic solid components 101 containing a ferrous/ferric salt represented by formula
Fe+2mFe+3nCl2m+3n (wherein, m and n are a positive integer). Water introduced into the housing 10
is passed through the first water treatment agent 20 to be brought into contact with the ceramic solid
components 101 of the respective beds 21a-21e to be reacted therewith and dioxins contained in
water are decomposed to be removed almost perfectl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low cost water cleaning device capable of informing the 1
placement time of power source not to extinguish integrated data of flow rate during the use of a
filtration cartridge. SOLUTION: The water purifier is provided with a display part for displaying the
exchange time of the filtration cartridge and the placement time of the power source of an electronic
circuit for determining the time of a filtration cartridg

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for desalting using a reverse osmosis 1

membrane by which there exists no possibility of decreasing rate of obstruction and decreasing
quantity of permeated water even when it is operated for a long period and recovery and reuse of
waste water which has been hitherto discharged to rivers and seas are possible and a method for
desalting using i

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus and a method therefor, in which
hydroxy radical is generated from dissolved oxygen discharged without being utilized in the
conventional ozone/ultraviolet ray combination based accel erating oxidation treatment technique to
result in improvement of the decomposi tion efficiency of a small amount of hardly decomposable
environmental harmful material such as endocrine disruptor dioxins, or the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the blocking on the surface of a filtration membrane by 1

inhibiting the occurrence of a sticky substance adhering to the membrane surfac
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying cartridge which has enhanced water treating 1
performance and has a water inlet to be arranged at the various position. SOLUTION: This water
purifying cartridge 1 has an adsorbent part 15 filled with an adsorbent and a hollow fiber membrane
part 16 filled with a hollow fiber membrane inside a box unit consisting of a one end-opened
cylindrical case 11 and a covering material 12 and has the water inlet 13 and a water outlet 14 formed
on the material 12. The inside of the case 11 is constituted so that the part 16 and the part 15 are
arranged in this order from the outlet 14-formed side, a raw water passage 23 for connecting the inlet
13 to the part 15 is arranged along the interior surface of the side wall 11b of the case 11. The water
flowing in the case 11 from the inlet 13 is made to pass through the passage 23, the part 15 and the
part 16 successively and flow out of the outlet 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide UV irradiation type water cleaning equipment which is

capable of efficiently decomposing materials to be decomposed by assuring a sufficient reaction time
without the attenuation of light intensity of UV rays by air bubbles and without narrowing of a
permeation rang

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat membrane cartridge which is high in durability and 1
reliability and large in permeation flux while keeping its filtration performanc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treating device which can maintain a filtering function 1
of a separation membrane for a long period of time by preventing or reducing clogging without injuring
the separation membrane in a water treating device for purifying waste water by biological treatment
and further filtration with the separation membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning plant capable of effectively utilizing

introduced ozone by improving dissolving ratio of the ozone into treated water and also of fully
causing oxidation and decomposition reaction with the ozone and ultraviolet ray

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive water purifying unit by which not only 1
chemical substances such as chlorine but also microbes or the like can be removed to obtain purified
water of high safety, which can be manufactured easily and the number of whose components is
made small. SOLUTION: This water purifying unit (1) is provided with a purifying part having a
cylindrical solid porous molding (2) formed by bonding activated carbon by a binder and a hollow fiber
membrane module (3) which is packed in the hollow part (2a) of the molding (2) and in which the
opened ends of a lot of hollow fiber membranes (3a) are fixed by a potting part (3b). The raw water
introduced from the outer peripheral surface of the molding (2) being a raw water introducing part is
made to pass through the inside of the molding (2) toward the part (2a) so that the chemical
substance such as chlorine can be adsorbed/removed and comparatively large dust can also be
filtered by the molding (2). The microbe or the like in the raw water is then filtered by the membranes
(3a). The filtered raw water is discharged as the purified water from the opened ends of the
membranes (3a) constituting a water discharging part. The hollow fiber membrane to be used has 25-
58% packing density &sigma and the prescribed water purifying performance and can cope with the
prescribed processing velocit
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module having a structure capable 1
of efficiently removing the adherend such as SS or the like on the surfaces of hollow fiber membranes
by performing physical washing due to air bubbling or the like even if the hollow fiber membrane
module is used in the filtration of a liquid to be filtered containing SS in large quantitie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a portable pure water manufacturing apparatus using a reverse 1
osmotic membrane water purifying syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tubular membrane separator capable of preventing clogging 1

of tubular membrane elements to enhance filtering efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid separation element developed for the purpose of the 1
treatment of raw water low in the concentration of TOC in an ultrapure water making field or the like,
reducing organocarbon eluted from the fluid separation element itself because a drying preventing
agent using organocarbon- containing matter or hydrophilizing treatment is unnecessary with respect
to a separation membrane, capable of reducing washing work in a manufacturing process to a large
extent and capable of obtaining transmitted water extremely high in performance when washing is
performed. SOLUTION: The fluid separation element is obtained by providing a membrane unit
including a supply liquid flow channel material, the separation membrane and a transmitted liquid flow
channel material to the periphery of a water gathering pipe, and partially different in water content and
an adhesive is provided to a part low in water conten

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for the membrane-treatment of a protein- containing 1

aqueous solution while preventing the lowering of membrane permeability caused by the generation
of fouling in the continuous membrane-treatment of a protein-containing aqueous solution, improving
so-called flux and improving the membrane-treatment efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyurethane-forming composition for casting, very suitable 1

as sealing material such as, particularly a hollow-fiber type of blood treating equipment, a water
purifier, etc., fast in curing, low in viscosity, and excellent in castin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration operation method using an internal 1

pressure type dead end filtration system in which stable filtration cap ability is maintained for a long
period of time. SOLUTION: In the membrane filtration operation method for treating feed water with
the internal pressure type dead end filtration system performed by using a hollow yarn type unltra or
micro filtration membrane module having through-holes communicating with the outside at both ends,
closing one end of the through-holes and supplying the feed water from the other end, the closed
through-holes of the filtration membrane module are opened in a prescribed frequency and the
filtration membrane is cleaned by feed wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter capable of enhancing filtrate recovery efficiency and 1
capable of sufficiently maintaining the efficiency, and a cleaning method therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating water to remove ions in the water by 1
using a nano filter membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane as well as to decompose and remove
organic substances such as BOD(biological oxygen demand) and COD(chemical oxygen demand)
components in the discharged concentrated wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cellulose derivative hollow fiber membrane which is hardly 1
biodegradable and has high mechanical strength and a high permeating flux amoun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water producing apparatus capable of preparing a 1

chemical with pure water and capable of washing a reverse osmosis membrane module with
chemicals without providing separate equipment, and a method of using the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accelerated oxidation treatment apparatus which can be

miniaturized by securing a proper amount of ozone to be injected and a proper quantity of ultraviolet
rays to be radiated for raw water corresponding to the condition of the raw water and improving the
decomposition efficiency of organic substances contained in the raw wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for efficiently manufacturing natural 1
salt and mineral-containing water while preventing the scorching of organic matte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for capping hollow fiber membranes which is 1
capable of easily subjecting the hollow fiber membranes intermingled with the hollow fiber
membranes of different materials to filling-up at the end of the hollow fiber membranes and a filling-up
device for hollow fiber membrane for the sam
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize filtration equipment which is hardly clogged even if materials to 1
be removed are captured in a large amoun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration apparatus in which the whole hollow fiber 1
membrane bundle can be used effectively for filtration and a scrubbing gas can be supplied to the
whole hollow fiber membrane bundle when the filtration apparatus is cleane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalted water making method which is capable of well 1
maintaining the quality of treated water in making the desalted water by using a flow-through type
electric double layer capacito

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus which is compact and portable. 1
SOLUTION: When an operation handle 29 is turned, rotational force is transmitted from a first step
planetary gear mechanism 10 to a second step planetary gear mechanism 11 while the speed of the
force is increased multi-stepwise, a pump shaft 27 is rotated in each pump chamber 34 and 35, and
raw water is supplied to a RO module 2. The raw water supplied to the RO module 2 permeates the
reverse osmosis membrane in the module to be cleaned. Concentrated water by the RO module 2 is
introduced in turn from a faucet part 6 (raw water discharge opening) to a concentrated water
introduction passage 41 by way of a pipe body 46 and a faucet part 40 (for recovering the
concentrated water). The second pump sucks the concentrated water into the RO module 2 by the
actuation of a valve body 44 associated with the rotation of the pump shaft 27, the sucked
concentrated water is discharged from a concentrated water drain passage 43 to a faucet part 42 (for
discharging the concentrated water), and the discharged concentrated water is discharged from a
drain hose 5

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water collection header which is light in weight, compact, 1
and excellent in processability and can do solid-liquid separation by a separation membrane over a
long period. SOLUTION: In the water collection header for collecting and taking out filtrate from each
membrane module in which membrane modules are connected, and a connection part connecting the
membrane modules and a water collection member in which treatment water flows are joined
together, a membrane module connection member and the water collection member are made of
different materials, and a part for absorbing a dimensional change by the change of temperature is
formed in a part for joining the water collection member and a connection member to each othe
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersed filtration apparatus which can facilitate the 1
peeling of suspended solids deposited on the outer surfaces of hollow fiber membranes, discharge
the peeled suspended solids easily outside a hollow fiber membrane cartridge, and prevent the
accumulation of impurities in the upper and lower end parts of the hollow fiber membranes.
SOLUTION: In an immersed membrane separator for filtering raw water while the surfaces of the
hollow fiber membranes are cleaned by air ejected from air diffusion pipes installed in the lower parts
of the hollow fiber membranes, in the immersed filtration apparatus, the upper and lower parts of the
hollow fiber membranes are adhesion-fixed, air can be introduced into a hollow fiber bundle in a lower
fixed part, the upper and lower fixed parts are connected to each other and fixed by at least two rods
or pipes, a hollow fiber membrane cartridge in which the hollow fiber membranes are substantially
exposed is used, the peripheral side surface of the hollow fiber bundle of the hollow fiber cartridge is
shorter than the length of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, in an outer wall with the upper and lower
parts opened, the hollow fiber bundle is housed to be exposed between the upper end of the outer
wall and the upper adhesion-fixed part and between the lower end of the outer wall and the lower
adhesion-fixed par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce elution from a filter and to prevent the breakage of the filter by 1
a heat cycle and the lowering of water permeation performanc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a convenient method using an adsorption method capable of 1

removing a substance having a low or medium molecular weight and having a washing step of
desorbing the substance having the low or medium molecular weight without incorporating an
undesired solvent into water suppl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accelerated oxidation treating apparatus which secures a

proper amount of ozone injection and a proper amount of irradiation with ultraviolet rays in
accordance with a state of water to be treated, enhances the efficiency of decomposition of organic
materials in the water to be treated, enables the effective utilization of ozone and miniaturizes the
apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid treatment apparatus capable of degassing and 1

defoaming a liquid easy to generate air bubbles and having low surface tension efficiently and
continuously in a high treatment flow rate. SOLUTION: In the liquid treatment apparatus for feeding a
liquid to one surface of a hollow fiber membrane while reducing pressure on the other surface side
thereof to degass the liquid, the hollow fiber membrane comprises a non- porous hollow fiber
membrane and the membrane density of the hollow fiber membrane is set to 2,000-7,000 m /m . By
this constitution, even the liquid easy to generate air bubbles and having low surface tension can be
well treated in performing degassing/defoaming treatment without making the hollow fiber membrane
hydrophilic and generating the lowering of efficiency due to air bubble

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide reverse osmosis equipment with a function to automatically 1

clean reverse osmosis membranes with which the performance of the reveres osmosis membranes is
maintained for a long period of time by an excellent cleaning effect to the reveres osmosis
membranes by pure water and a method of making the pure water using this equipmen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize a RO membrane permeated water being treated 1
water as supply water without performing pH adjustment with an alkali agent in a method for treating a
circulating cooling water in which acid is added to a cooling circulating water and the cooling
circulating water is subjected to RO membrane treatment under the condition of pH 3-

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing manganese capable of converting a 1

soluble manganese to an insoluble manganese dioxide with a simple operation and control without
damaging a separation membrane and also-without forming a heptavalent manganese oxide and
capable of easily removing a soluble manganese from raw water in a stable state. SOLUTION:
Hydrogen peroxide is added to the raw water, and the soluble manganese is converted to the
insoluble manganese dioxide by the oxygen generated from the hydrogen peroxide, then the formed
manganese dioxide particles are removed from the raw water by a membrane filtratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminate of hollow fiber membrane modules, whose 1

membrane area can be increased arbitrarily while the required pressure resistance is secured and
which has high volume efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water producing device which is so improved that a 1
stable operation is realized for a long period of time even when a raw water of high turbidity is made
to pass through. SOLUTION: In the filter apparatus in which a turbidity-substance removing device is
installed at the preceding stage of an ultrafilteration membrane (UF) module or a microfilteration
membrane (MF) module, the turbidity-substance removing device (A) is constructed so that turbidity
substances may be efficiently caught and discharged by a filter medium (4) by compacting the state of
the filter medium (4) in the operation and by releasing the compact state in the cleaning operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtering and separating membrane cartridge capable of 1

efficiently washing membranes and having high reliability, and a filter device using the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet treatment apparatus for preventing the adhesion
of scale to the outer surface of an ultraviolet tube when water to be treated easy to generate the
adhesion of scale such as wastewater, underground water or the like is cleaned by utilizing ultraviolet
rays to develop effective cleaning actio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration device which makes it possible to obtain large- 1
scale filtration area of hollow fiber membrane by using a hollow fiber membrane element which is
short in membrane length, is small in diameter of potting part and is simple in structur
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for washing filtration membrane module which 1
reduces running cost, allows the recovery close to dead end filtration and, moreover, allows effective
sterilizing treatment for microorganisms in raw water in a membrane cleaning treatment system of
water utilizing ultra or micro filtration membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treatment of water for processing into drinking 1
water by the development of a bioreactor which can reduce nitrate nitrogen using an autotrophic
bacteria to which hydrogen gas plays a role of hydrogen donor, and by which bacterial concentration
in the reactor is elevated and nitrogen compounds can be decomposed efficiently. SOLUTION:
Decomposition of nitrogen compounds in material water is carried out by the use of a bioreactor
composed by modules bundled the bioreactor elements, that carry microorganisms including
autotrophic bacteria surrounding hollow fibers, and a hydrogen supplying syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which has a simple structure and does not 1
cause short circuiting of a water passage due to gaps in a particulate filter medium layer. SOLUTION:
A cartridge for the water purifier includes a cylindrical body container and a particulate filter medium
provided within the body container. A member for swirling water in a circumferential direction relatively
to the central axis of a cylinder in the body container is provided on the upstream of the particulate
filter medium to eliminate the problem of lack in uniformity of the thickness of the particulate filter
medium layer. Uniformity of the utilization of the particulate filter medium can be surely enhanced by
allowing water to pass through the filter medium layer in such a manner that a layer, which causes the
swirling flow of the particulate filter medium, and a layer, which does not substantially cause the flow
of the particulate filter medium, are forme

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which can provide safe and tasty water 1
through effective removal of chlorine, trihalomethanes, agricultural chemicals, dissolved ionic toxic
substances, and bacteria, particularly lead, contained in raw water such as tap water by using
hydroxyapatite or ceramics, activated carbon, and a hollow fiber membrane as filtration material

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient method for manufacturing purified water without 1
imposing excessive load on a continuous electrically regenerative deionization apparatus and without
adding an acid to raw water beforehan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a system and a method for treating water for decomposing a
difficult-to-decompose organic matter in water by an oxidation promotion treatment utilizing
ozone/ultraviolet rays. SOLUTION: The system for treating water is provided with an ozone addition
means (an ejector 3 to which an ozone generator 8 is connected), an ultraviolet irradiation means 4,
and a gas/liquid separating vessel 5 having a pressure adjusting means 6 and a liquid level adjusting
means 7. An unreacted ozone is separated from a mixed fluid after irradiating the ultraviolet rays in
the gas/liquid separating vessel 5, and a pressure of an ozone/raw water mixed fluid in the ultraviolet
irradiation means 4 is stabilized by regulating the pressure of the gas separated in the gas/liquid
separating vessel 5 and the liquid level of the treatment water. As a result, the oxidation promotion
treatment can be stably performed, and the unreacted ozone after treatment can efficiently be reused
at low cos
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrodeposition coating system and electrodeposition 1
coating method which make the effective utilization of coating material components possible and
achieve a high degree of a closed system by suppressing the overload of a filter equipment relating to
washing water in an advanced washing process step and recycling the coating material component

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrodeless discharge lamp in which blackening is

reduced and which can be lighted with a low starting voltage, and a light irradiation device and a
water treatment devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive filtration membrane module in which a 1

plurality of filtration membrane elements can be inserted and fixed in a box unit in which the filtration
membrane elements are disposed in parallel to one another in a vertical posture at the prescribed
intervals, and to provide a method for producing clean wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for fresh water generation 1
whereby the concentration of impurities in raw water can further be decreased stably in a high
recovery rate at a low cost by using a reverse osmosis membrane or a nanofiltration membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method which can prevent the fall in 1
operation performance due to biofouling even without the addition of various disinfectants possibly
accelerating the degradation of a separation membrane and which enables the high-flux operation of
an NF membrane or an RO membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation method and an apparatus therefor 1

whereby the scale deposition on an RO membrane is prevented without fail by a simple operation,
enabling membrane separation efficiency to be maintained over a long time and enabling the RO
membrane to be prevented from damage or performance degradatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an effective method for manufacturing a water purifier not only 1
having improved filterability but also enabling to effectively filter heavy metals such as lead and other
substances, and further to have these heavy metals carried on activated carbo
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a large-scale cost reduction by downgrading in rank of 1
pressure-resistant ability and the like for piping, vessels, valves, pumps and the like surrounding a
reverse-osmosis membrane separation unit and lowering the power cost of pumps and the like in a
manufacturing device for primary water purification provided with the reverse-osmosis membrane
separation uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drainage purifying treatment method and a drainage 1

purifying treatment system for purifying by generating ozone water of high concentration dispersing
ozone in the drainage as a micro-bubbl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that waste water generated by mechanical working 1
such as CMP (chemical-mechanical polishing) becomes a colloidal solution because abrasive grains
contained in CMP slurry are fine grains and an effective filtration method is not provided so far for the
waste wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing hollow fiber membrane, capable of 1
producing the hollow fiber membrane having high strength and high water permeability through the
process that scarcely gives environmental loads, is operated at a low cost, and scarcely causes
problems of safety, by using a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having high chemical resistanc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the water collecting efficiency of permeated water, and the 1
peeling and the worming effect of a gel layer adhering to the inner surface of a tubular membrane by
air scraping even when height is shor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane which has high water permeability, 1
whose impurity-blocking rate is hardly lowered even when the surface of a separation-functional layer
is scratched, whose porous resin layer is hardly peeled off from a porous base material and from
which the clogged impurities can be easily remove

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ceramic membrane module in which a flow passage 1

between the adjacent membrane elements can be prevented from being clogge
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning facility whereby the pressure energy of raw 1
water introduced into a membrane filter can be recovered as an electric powe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a hollow fiber membrane, by which 1
the hollow fiber membrane having a high strength and a high water- penetrable performance can be
produced from a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin having high chemical resistance at a low cost in a
state scarcely giving loads to the environment

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation device for separating bacteria in 1

seawater which controls the increase of the pressure difference of a membrane produced between
the inlet and outlet of a membrane module for removing bacteria in seawater to obtain filtrate for
washing fish and shellfish, prevents the re-development of the bacteria in a filtrate storage tank, can
elongate a membrane backwashing time, and reduces the bacteria in the storage tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification device allowing sea water to pass through 1
a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) even by power supply for domestic use of 100 volts,
and also reducing facility cost greatl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problems with the conventional apparatus for 1
making pure water; the water is heretofore filtered by using sodium hypochlorite and a flocculating
agent, but if the mixing of the sodium hypochlorite and the flocculating agent is resulted by accidental
force, the evolution of harmful gas occur

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method to obtain fresh water from raw water with high 1
efficiency by a membrane treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter cartridge holding the pleated state even during high 1
pressure filtration, keeping the passage of the filtrate and having a large filtration flow amount under
the pressure for us
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for cleaning water at a low running cost in which
the whole photocatalyst is easily irradiated with UV rays, so that cleaning efficiency of dioxins and
coplanar PCBs or the like is enhanced, which can be made small in size and which can clean even
dense harmful waste water such as scrubber water to the level of the effluent standard or lowe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-functioned apparatus for cleaning water which is 1

compact, efficient, having high performance and enabling the sterilization and removal of bacteria,
and the decomposition and removal of organic substance

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane which selectively 1

separates and removes pollutants and traces of toxic substances contained in raw water and enables
a high water recovery operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light-functional apparatus for treating water or a gas, which
can be made thinner and more lightweight in comparison with the conventional apparatus for
decomposing an organic contaminant by irradiating it with the light of a short wavelength part of
ultraviolet or visible rays and can be installed at any plac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water making method capable of achieving a high recovery 1
ratio and energy saving while keeping water quality, in obtained drinking water or the like by
separating seawater or highly concentrated salt water into transmitted water and concentrated water
by an NF membrane module, and a water making apparatus using the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus utilizing a photocatalyst capable

of reducing the unit operation of water treatment and operation control cost, capable of effectively
utilizing incident ultraviolet rays even if the surface area of the photocatalyst per a unit volume is
made large and capable of being adapted to the mass treatment of wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrodialyser which is less likely to cause oxidation 1

deterioration of ion exchange membranes, arranged in contact with an anode chamber, by an
oxidizing substance such as oxygen or chlorine and can realize stable operation for a long period of
tim
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damping water circulating treatment apparatus for
enhancing the transparency of damping water and sufficiently spreading ultraviolet rays from an
ultraviolet lamp or the like to enhance sterilization effect, and a damping water circulating treatment
metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-performance membrane module filtration apparatus in 1

which the power consumption and running cost of a circulation/filtration pump is reduced and to
provide a filtration metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module hard to generate the 1
breakage of hollow fiber membranes even if the shaking of the hollow fiber membranes is generated
at the time of filterin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous filter having excellent bacteria-removing 1

performance, a water purifier provided with the filter, an inspection device, which can simply probes
the performance of the filter, and an inspection metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ceramic filter which is excellent in both fouling resistance 1
and bacteria-removing property and is suitable for water purification treatment and the like.
SOLUTION: This ceramic filter has a titania separation layer having an average pore diameter of 0.08
to 1 ¼m and a membrane thickness of 5 to 20 ¼m. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,J

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous membrane for a separation membrane which is 1

excellent not only in filtration performance but also in mechanical strength such as zero degree tensile
strength, flexural strength or the like and to provide its manufacturing metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively remove both of soluble dioxins and SS (suspended solid) 1
type dioxins with a membrane separation devic
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment vessel for making promoted oxidation by
ultraviolet rays from a photocatalyst effective by increasing a contact area of a photocatalyst film and
water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that, as the conventional reverse osmosis 1
membrane method uses a filtration function by the micropores of a filter, so that small amount of micro
residue remains in the filtered water, the method cannot produce highly pure water, and the problem
that the conventional ion exchange method requires the washing or neutralization by an agent of an
ion exchange resi

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separator capable of enhancing the moving 1

efficiency of oxygen supplied from an air diffusion means in a reaction tank and capable of keeping
the flow velocity of a cross flow hig

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such problems with the water repelling treatment of a substrate
by methods in which fluoro plasma is applied thereto in the atmospheric pressure or vacuum or the
substrate is coated with fluoro alkyl treating agent that the treatment requires much labor and foreign
matter is adhered theret

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module which has excellent 1
mechanical strength at the joined part of a housing to an end cap and is easily manufacture

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an ozone forming cost and a water treatment cost by
converting an ozonized gas to radical seeds efficiently while drastically extending the life of a mercury
lam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for treating water capable of 1
preventing the contamination of a reverse osmosis membrane and of suppressing the degradation in
the velocity of transmission flow, and an analyzing method capable of analyzing the contaminants of
the reverse osmosis membrane at high precisio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform cleaning easily by using an organic acid. ŽSOLUTION: An 1
electrolytic water producing apparatus is provided with an electrolytic cell 2 for producing ionized
alkaline water and ionized acid water by electrolysis and discharging the electrolytic water of them
separately, a water purifier 3 for purifying the water to be supplied to the cell 2 and a cleaning means
for supplying the organic acid to the cell 2 and pipelines. A filter cartridge in which a filter medium is
housed is mounted in or dismounted from the purifier 3 at will. The organic acid is stored in the
cleaning means. The cleaning means is formed into a cartridge-like shape to be mounted in the
purifier 3 instead of the filter cartridge. The organic acid for cleaning this apparatus can be added
easily by making good use of the purifier 3. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method for a hollow fiber bundle module 1
capable of enhancing a utilization ratio of a potting material used for sealing in a manufacturing
process for the hollow fiber bundle modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning apparatus for efficiently guiding ozone to a
reaction site formed by ultraviolet rays and a photocatalyst and capable of decomposing a substance
to be decomposed efficiently by ensuring a sufficient amount of dissolved ozone without attenuating
intensity of ultraviolet rays by ozone gas bubbles and narrowing a transmission rang

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane cartridge in which airtightness is 1

inspected and decrease in airtightness due to adhesion of active carbon is prevente

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type fluid separation membrane element to prevent 1
an adhesive tape laminated on the folded end of a two folded semipermeable membrane form peeling
off, and by which a stable separation performance is obtaine

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalination treatment method and desalination treatment 1

apparatus capable of suppressing corrosion of an anode electrode of an electrodialyzer of a polarity
conversion system and of obviating the generation of the gaseous chlorine in an anode chamber in a
waste water treatment method using this electrodialyze

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water generating method and a fresh water generator 1
which enhance the rate of recovery and enable a long term stable operatio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved structure for a water purifier by which water is 1
smoothly made to flow out with no constraints of the installation position or water level of a storage
tank, which is easy to clean and whose maintenance for health can be easily controlle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning system of tap water and a cleaning apparatus of
tap water which cleans and sterilizes tap water and is capable of utilization of the safe tap wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning system and a water cleaning method which 1
effectively treats water to be treated containing nitrogen compounds such as contaminated ground
water and enables the miniaturization of the syste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high degree water treatment apparatus which can eliminate
constitutional complicatedness for washing an ultraviolet lamp and enhance its operating effec

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cellulose acetate semipermeable membrane excellent in 1

durability with respect to a chlorine type sterilan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a microporous membrane having 1

high strength and high water permeability and developing an excellent separation capacity by using a
polyvinylidene fluoride resin having high chemical resistanc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for utilizing a woody carbonization material

enhancing a function by irradiation with light and to simultaneously provide a method for reducing a
problem of biological wast
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water generating method and a fresh water generator 1
by which fresh water can be generated at a low running cost by using an NF membrane and/or an RO
membrane and in which long-term stable operation is made possible by preventing a pipeline from
being corrode

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ceramic membrane module capable of easily and 1

sufficiently removing the contaminant adhered to membrane element

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a long-life water purification cartridge having a built-in tap 1
capable of retaining a filtration ability for prescribed turbidity in a hollow fiber membrane part,
increasing the filtration performance compared with the past and maintaining the high-filtration
performance for a long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contaminated water purifying method for decomposing a

contaminant efficiently by even a small amount of ozone gas by preventing ozone from being gasified
and separated from the contaminated water and producing active radicals such as hydroxyl radicals
efficiently in an ultraviolet irradiation uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying method which accelerates the removal of 1
harmful matter not perfectly removed even with a reverse osmosis membrane, has sterilizing effect
and perfectly removes offensive smell and taste, and an apparatus therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-speed water purification method using an iron-titanium

oxide carried catalyst body, and a system therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier which can reduce 1
the possibility of water leakage and the like and realize a space saving and cost reductio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module which is applied to a 1
filtration apparatus for filtering water containing a turbid component and has more excellent durable
performance and to provide a filtration apparatus whose hollow fiber membrane module has excellent
durability and whose maintenance is made easie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method of the concentration of residual chlorine, low 1
in cost, having high reliability and capable of accurately measuring not only the concentration of
residual chlorine but also the injection amount of a reducing agent, a producing method of ultra-pure
water, a producing apparatus for ultra-pure water capable of also judging the capacity of a reverse
ossmosis membrane device, and a control method of the concentration of injected chlorine, low in
cost, having high reliability and capable of accurately measuring the concentration of residual chlorin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a salt water manufacturing apparatus using a reverse 1

osmosis membrane capable of reducing the power energy to be used and dispensing with the
treatment of concentrated seawater generated by a reverse osmosis method, and a salt water
manufacturing metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To highly remove especially silica and boron in treatment using a reverse 1
osmosis membrane separator and an electrically deionizing apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module which controls the pressure 1
of a fluid in a case and improves the reliabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To omit a stirrer to simplify constitution and to always obtain desired
disinfection effect in correspondence to the quality of treated water or a change in flow rat
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-borne photocatalyst coating composition affording a
sufficient film thickness to screen ultraviolet rays and having adhesion to a substrate and weather-
resistant performances without forming cracks, etc., even when used outdoor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type membrane element used in a membrane 1

separator such as a precise filter device, an ultrafiltration device, a reverse osmotic membrane
separator and constituted so as to demarcate a permeated water outflow area and a concentrated
water outflow area by attaching a cylindrical divider to the end surface of a membrane wound body,
and manufacturing method therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of backwashing hollow fiber membrane, by which 1

the frequency of flush backwashing can be decreased that causes the deterioration of durability of
hollow fiber membrane, and a soiled component to be stuck to a hollow fiber membrane can be
removed surel

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing purified water for 1
medicines for efficiently sterilize an apparatus for manufacturing purified water with hot water,
reducing the cost for sterilization by reducing the volume of blow water to the outside of the system
and reducing the volume of water and steam to be used and can suppress the proliferation of living
microorganisms by eliminating a retention par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wafer processing apparatus capable of stabilizing nitrogen 1

gas concentration and supplying the pure water. SOLUTION: A first nitrogen concentration meter 6
and a second nitrogen concentration meter 8 for measuring a nitrogen gas concentration of pure
water are respectively arranged before and after a concentration variable part 7 capable of dissolving
and degassing nitrogen gas by use of a hollow fiber type separation membrane. The adjustment of
open and close of a first valve on a nitrogen gas supplying path 5 and a second valve 15 on a
nitrogen gas degassing path 13 on the basis of differences in concentration between a target
concentration and measuring value of the first nitrogen concentration meter 6, and between the
concentration and the value of the second nitrogen concentration meter 8 can maintain the nitrogen
gas concentration of pure water to the target concentration value, by controlling the dissolution and
degassing at the concentration variable part 7. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,J

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the installation and maintenance of the apparatus

configuration of an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus when used for water treatment, by reducing the
capacity of a cooling fan without decreasing the temperature control accuracy of a mercury reservoir
in the ultraviolet irradiation apparatu
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bactericide for water treatment which expresses a high 1
bactericidal effect in a membrane separation apparatus for seawater desalination or the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral membrane element in which a turbid component is 1

hardly accumulated near an inlet of a raw water spacer even when high-turbidity original water such
as industrial water is supplied to the element without being pretreated so that the increase of
differential pressure when the raw water is treated can be delayed, and to provide a separation
membrane module and a separation membrane apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method of a reverse osmosis membrane used for 1
purifying an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a related system for recovering 1

microorganisms in high efficiency on a large scal

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method for facilitating the control of the quality of 1
produced water in a two-stage reverse osmosis treatment method for partially retreating permeated
water treated with a reverse osmosis membrane module by using a reverse osmosis membrane
module and capable of reducing the scale and power consumption of the second stage reverse
osmosis membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ozone-accelerated oxidation water treatment apparatus

using ultraviolet rays together which can increase the generation efficiency of radical species by
reactions of ozone and ultraviolet rays to improve the decomposition efficiency of substances to be
treated contained in a water to be treated. SOLUTION: The ozone-accelerated oxidation water
treatment apparatus using ultraviolet rays together has a water treatment tank 1, an ozone-dissolved
water tank 2, an ozonized gas generator 3, and an ultraviolet generator 4 installed in the water
treatment tank 1. A plurality of injection nozzles 5 to which ozone dissolved water is supplied from the
ozone dissolved water tank 2 are installed so as to face toward the ultraviolet radiation surface 4a of
the ultraviolet generator 4. An ozonized gas diffuser 12 is installed in the ozone dissolved water tank
2, and ozonized gas which is generated by the ozonized gas generator 3 and preferably pressurized
by a compressor 13 to about 2 to 3kg/cm2is diffused from the ozonized gas diffuser 12 into the ozone
dissolved water tank 2. The high-pressure/high-concentration ozone dissolved water generated in the
ozone dissolved water tank 2 is supplied to the injection nozzles 5 to be sprayed onto the ultraviolet
radiation surface 4a. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,J
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for washing a ceramic membrane module by which 1
the contaminant stuck to the outer peripheral surface of a membrane tube can be exfoliated and
removed efficiently and a passage between the adjacent membrane tubes can be prevented from
being clogge

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module which can prevent membrane tubes 1
from being damaged by their vibration caused by back washing water when the membrane tubes are
back washe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a SDI measuring method for calculating highly accurate SDI 1
values at all times in order to predict the pollution risk of a separation membrane and stably operate
subsequent membrane processes, and a fresh water generating method using a reverse osmosis
membrane, including a step of measuring the SDI values using the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method capable of stably operating a 1

reverse osmosis membrane module over a long period of time without bringing about the lowering of
the permeation flux of a reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the continuous mass production of drinking water while coping 1
with the deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane module, when raw seawater comprising deep
ocean water is subjected to desalination treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize a granular filter bed by a simple constitution. 1

SOLUTION: An external spacer 9 forming a gap 1b with respect to the inner wall surface 1a of a main
body container 1 and holding a granular filter medium 7 is provided. Raw water is supplied from a
water inlet part 3 to successively pass through a mesh tray 5 and the granular filter medium 7. The
water passed up to the inlet part 9g of the external spacer 9 is divided into the inner layer stream 10
flowing through the granular filer medium 7 in the external spacer 9 and the outer layer stream 11,
which passes through the gap 1b provided between the external space 9 and the main body cntainer
1 and subsequently again flows through the granular filter medium 7 in the external spacer 9, by the
pressure resistance caused by the particle size of the granular filter medium 7 and the opening area
of inlet part 9g of the external spacer 9. The divided inner and outer layer streams 10 and 11 pass
through the water gathering pipe 8 provided to the concentric central part of the main body container
1 and subsequently pass through a hollow fiber membrane module 6. Purified filtered water is
obtained from a water outlet part 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,J
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress membrane fouling and to reduce not only the number of 1
times of washing using chemicals but also equipment and a maintenance cost, in a water treatment
method of a total amount filtering system including a membrane filtering process and a membrane
module backwashing proces

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method wherein a portion of permeating water 1

treated with a reverse osmosis membrane is treated again with a reverse osmosis membrane and
whereby the size of a reverse osmosis membrane module and an electric power consumption in the
second step can be reduce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary flat membrane filtration apparatus for carrying out 1
efficient filtration with decreased adhesion of turbid components to the membrane face and which is
further miniaturized and made to have a simple apparatus constitutio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for photocatalytically cleaning and magnetically

activating water where a titanium oxide photocatalyst blades are multilayered to increase an activated
area and installed in a passage of a water to be treated, the passage is closed by an ultraviolet ray
transmitting plate, and the multilayered photo catalyst surface is effectively activated from the outside
of the passage by an ultraviolet irradiation means having a parabolic reflecting surface to improve
photocatalytic effects and the effects of magnetically activated water action

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sterilization and purification apparatus which dispenses with
discharge and recovery treatment of excess ozone gas and can efficiently sterilize and purify water to
be treated by shining ultraviolet light in a condition of increased solubility of ozone ga

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separator capable of stably keeping a 1

membrane separation capacity, and a solid-liquid separation method for a liquid to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce pure water of high purity by preventing the accumulation of 1
carbonate components and M alkalinity in a system caused by concentrated water circulation while
maintaining a water recovery rate when, after removing carbonates in raw water, water is passed
sequentially through three RO membrane separators connected in series or through two RO
membrane separators connected in series and an electric deionizer to produce the pure wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying apparatus which is constituted by combining 1
a water softener with a reverse osmosis membrane and which can continuously produce pure water
even when the water softener is under regeneratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a buffer cap for a hollow fiber membrane module which is 1
excellent in liquid pressure buffering action associated with the ingress or egress of liqui

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module which is capable of sufficiently 1

discharging substances adhering to membrane surfaces and peeled off membrane tubes from an inlet
for object water to be treated and whose installation space can be made compact in the up and down
direction in the case of a structure of layers layered up and down in a plurality of stage

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous film having high strength, high water-permeating 1
performances and high preventive performances using a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having high
chemical resistance. ŽSOLUTION: The method for manufacturing the porous film comprises
discharging a polyvinylidene fluoride resin solution obtained by dissolving the polyvinylidene fluoride
resin in a solvent through a nozzle and subsequently making the resin solution pass through a cooling
liquid to be cooled and solidified, where a solvent having a three-dimensional solubility parameter
satisfying the relation represented by equation (1) is used as the solvent for the polyvinylidene fluoride
resin solution. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the spreading of contamination when an ultraviolet lamp is

broke

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably operate a water treatment equipment containing a reverse 1

osmosis membrane apparatus over a long period of time by accurately evaluating whether feed water
to reverse osmosis membrane is acceptable or no

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a hollow fiber membrane having no defect at high yiel 1
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane module which is formed by 1
connecting a plurality of spiral membrane elements and in which the turbid matter clogged in a flow
passage of raw water in each of the elements can be removed satisfactorily, and to provide a
separation membrane apparatus and a method for operating the separation membrane apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water sterilizing and purifying system using ultraviolet rays
capable of certainly killing bacteria belonging to the genus Legionella, or the like, to perform purifying
treatment in a circulating route for circulating bath water, or the lik

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coagulation method by electrolysis of membrane filtration 1

washing drainage without adding a coagulant, which is easy in solid/liquid separatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane filteration apparatus stably feeding 1
air for back washing while being compact without separately providing a large size exclusive
compresso

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a liquid resin pooling vessel and a 1
hollow fiber membrane cartridge by which a liquid resin can be used without waste even when the
hollow fiber membrane cartridge is produced by a centrifugal metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a household spigot direct connection type nano filter 1
membrane water cleaner having a structure that a nano filter membrane type filter is used as the filter
of the main filter part of a water cleaner and water cleaned without providing a water receiving tank is
directly taken in and drun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent an occurrence of silica scale in a reverse osmosis 1

membrane concentrated water loop by removing silica from concentrated water to a saturated
concentration or less using a reverse osmosis membrane while using a simple apparatu
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier with which filtering can smoothly be performed 1
even when a filtration material having a high filtration resistance is used. ŽSOLUTION: A water
purification cartridge in which the inside of a vessel is filled with an adsorbent (26) and a hollow fiber
membrane (27) without interposing a partition member is suitably used for a pitcher type water purifier
since the high filtration rate is attained. The water purifier comprises an external vessel (11) having a
purified water storage part (1b), an internal vessel (12) having a raw water storage part (1a) and the
water purification cartridge (20). The water purifier having the water purification cartridge (20) in which
the inside of the vessel is filled with the adsorbent (26) and the hollow fiber membrane (27) without
interposing a partition member is comfortably used because the filtration rate is high.  ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method capable of treating highly effectively when a 1
highly concentrated solution is treated by a reverse osmosis membrane having a multiple string
system at a high yield, and in particular, capable of effectively removing boron during a seawater
desalinatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing liquid, in which, in 1
case of obtaining mineral water from deep sea water as a drinking water by using an NF
(nanofiltration) membrane, solutes small in the difference of size even independently, such as
potassium ion and calcium ion can be separated and mineral components can be concentrated at a
low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment control system which can optimize the
combination of an ozone injection rate and ultraviolet irradiation, quickly cope with a quality change of
water to be treated, and enables water quality measurement of a greater precisio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a sufficient algicidal effect in an algicidal method for a cleaned
water tank by solving the problem that no sufficient algicidal effect is obtained in a method for floating
photocatalyst-carrying pumice in water within a water tank or a water circulating system to irradiate
the same with ultraviolet ray

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration device stably operating a hollow fiber membrane 1
filter by automatically adjusting opening degree of a valve such that difference of pressure at an inlet
side and an outlet side of the hollow fiber membrane filter stored in a filtration unit becomes a
predetermined value or lower, and its operation metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To contract the installation area of a water treatment system using an 1
oxidation ditch method as a whole by dispensing with a final sedimentation tank without lowering a
sewage treatment capacit
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane having a high solute 1
removing property and water permeability, the membrane being operable under a low pressure while
preventing scaling thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning method for seawater or brackish water and an
apparatus therefor in which transmissivity is improved by high rate filtration, and further, effective
sterilization can be performed by ultraviolet radiatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration method of which continuous operation can be 1

stably performed for a long time. ŽSOLUTION: In the filtration method where a water cleaner 1
comprising a cell structure 2 having cell structure units 4 and a cap part is used, raw water is made to
flow into cells 10 from the other end and filtered by partition walls 9 to obtain filtrate from the outer
peripheral surface 8 side, a part of the raw water is made to flow into a prescribed space 13, and the
ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of a ratio of the volume of the filtrate permeating
through the partition walls 9 to the volume of the raw water flowing into the cells 10 (water permeation
rate) is adjusted to 110-300 %. The cells 10 located closer to the outer periphery 7 side of the cell
structure are made to have a larger water permeation rate. The raw water that has flown into the
prescribed space 13 is made to flow backward from the cells of the cell structure 2 having a large
water permeation rate and the cells 10 located on the outer periphery 7 side to be filtered by the
partition walls 9, and then the filtrate is obtained from the outer peripheral surface 8 side.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent consumption of standby electric power of an ultraviolet ray

lamp to reduce cost for a disinfection treatment amount of water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sea water desalination apparatus capable of satisfactorily 1

eliminating turbid components in sea water and suppressing a decrease in the filtration efficiency with
time in a filtration means even when simplifying a pretreatment means, and further, realizing the
simplification and miniaturization of the apparatus and the prevention of deterioration of a reverse
osmosis membrane by using a prescribed pressurizing mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus capable of removing sol form 1
fine particles and nitrogen components contained in CMP (Chemical-Mechanical Polishing) waste
water, and to provide a water treatment method using the water treatment apparatu
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion membrane which is a micro-filtration membrane 1
or an ultrafiltration membrane to be used by immersing it in the liquid of a treatment tank such as an
activated sludge tank and to which organic matter such as sludge is hardly stuck and the fouling on
the surface of which can be suppresse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning method having a cleaning capacity

controllable according to the properties of the water to be treated, especially, one wherein only the
ozone gas diffusion or only the ultraviolet irradiation can be intensified without physically changing a
treating apparatus and to provide a water cleaning apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method and a treating device capable of adjusting
an ultraviolet ray exposure dose matched with the contamination conditions of water to be treated
which is seawater or brackish water and substantially reducing electric consumptio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning apparatus constituted so as to certainly remove a 1

sand component with a predetermined particle size or above, to achieve a decrease in cost by
reducing the replacing frequency of a filter membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane or the like
and suppressing the power consumption of a raw water pump and to hold a high raw water treatment
capacity to perform an efficient operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning cartridge which realizes reduction of a dead space, 1
reduction of the number of components and the higher efficiency of utilization of hollow fiber
membrane bundl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method for performing both of the easy 1
backwashing of a membrane module and economical operation in a flocculation/filtration treatment
apparatus for filtering water to be treated, which contains flocs formed by the addition of a flocculant,
by the membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency in treatment and downsize a device without
using ozone or hydrogen peroxide in the treater which decomposes and treats a residual organic acid
in a water solution for decontamination used in radiation handling facilitie
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semi-permeable membrane having both high salt 1
inhibition performance and high permeable flux and particularly excellent in inhibition performance of
a non-charged substance, and its production metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restore a filtration performance of a membrane filtration module 1

lowered by accumulation of a fouling substance by washing with a chemica

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water or salt water treatment method capable of 1
performing the sterilization of fresh water or salt water with high efficiency while continuing membrane
separation treatment and reducing a rise in the difference pressure between modules even if
continuous operation is performed over a long period of time, and a treatment apparatus therefo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a module structure which can efficiently clean the surface of a 1
hollow fiber membrane and besides, can efficiently discharge a solid component such as turbid
substance released from the surface of the membrane by cleanin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-performance photocatalyst filter having a high contact

efficiency with a photocatalyst, excellent in ultraviolet transparency, and small in pressure los

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane treatment apparatus and a membrane treatment 1

method which can solve a scale deposition problem without stopping operation and stably carry out
membrane treatment even if scale components such as magnesium hydrate are deposited while
increasing the removal ratio of boron when a boron-containing liquid is subjected to membrane
treatment at a high recovery rat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoch-making device for prevention of clogging of a 1

reverse osmosis membrane in which a negative method such as a symptomatic treatment is
eliminated, in which the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane itself as the heart of such a
subtle water treatment for the reverse osmosis membrane is improved, and which prolongs the life
and improves the economy, and to provide a method therefo
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safety testing method for a hollow fiber membrane module 1
of a hollow fiber membrane filter device. ŽSOLUTION: A safety testing method for a hollow fiber
membrane module is to fill up full of water in a secondary side of a hollow fiber membrane, to send a
prescribed gas under pressure from a primary side, and to measure an amount of water which is
discharged from the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane to the secondary side after holding a
prescribed pressure and the sampling position to measure the amount of water is lower than the
center in a horizontal direction of the membrane which is arranged in a horizontal direction.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment technique stably generating radical by

generating ultraviolet rays and ozone by plasma, stably generating plasma, and solving complication
of generator and processe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a composite semipermeable 1

membrane for stably obtaining a fixed flow rate of a solute-permeated liquid by preventing a change in
membrane performance due to a fluctuation in operation condition characteristic of a composite
cross-linking aromatic semipermeable membrane which contains a structurally-unstable o-aromatic
diamine and has high heat resistance, and to provide a treatment method thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment device and a pretreatment method for a filter 1
which are suitable for pretreatment of feed water containing a relatively large amount of cloudy
components, such as seawate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane separator capable of reducing 1

aeration quantity required for stripping a cake layer from a membrane filter, enhancing removal
capacity of the cake layer and easily forming a hardly passable water region on the filter membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module, in which a detergency is not 1
reduced even when a membrane area is increase

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water or salt water treatment method capable of 1
sterilizing fresh water or salt water with high efficiency while continuing membrane separation
treatment and reducing a rise in the differential pressure between modules even if continuously
operated over a long period of tim
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nano-filter membrane having both of an effect for 1
suppressing the fouling to a membrane surface and a high polyvalent ion removing capacity, and a
use method thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane washing method which can remarkably reduce 1
an equipment cost for dissolving ozone in water, increase ozone dissolving efficiency, peel off
substances firmly adherent to a membrane surface and the inside of membrane pores in a short time,
and sharply recover membrane filtration performance and a device for the metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter block to the market, which is a bio-block formed into a 1
cylinder or a cube as a whole, in which the filtration area is made large, the water treatment capacity
and strength are enhanced, a deterioration in the capacity is not so much even when the filter block is
used for a long period of time and the maintenance is facilitate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method for biologically treated water-containing 1

water for preventing a fall in the permeation flux of a reverse osmosis membrane when subjecting
biologically treated water-containing water to separation treatment by using the reverse osmosis
membrane to purify the same to perform a stable treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier using a separation membrane dispensing with 1
pipework for providing a branch tap in a water supply pipe and a water storage tank for permeated
water, and capable of effectively washing the surface of the separation membrane with flowing wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for preparing clear water, in each 1
of which the adhesion and growth of metal oxides on the surface of a membrane can be restrained in
a short period of time at a minimum chemical cost, the clogging of the membrane can be prevented
and the quality of a filtrate such as iron content and manganese content can always be stabilize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a water cleaning system which can 1
prevent a hollow fiber membrane from being clogged in operatio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module 1
filtration method superior in drain discharging ability for physical cleaning, accumulates less
suspension materials, and further, less likely to cause damages on hollow fiber membranes at mating
surfaces where they are bonded and fixe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a compound semi-permeable membrane having a high salt 1

removal rate, capable of separating boron which is non-dissociative in the neutral region at a high
removal rate, and a production method therefor. ŽSOLUTION: The compound semi-permeable
membrane comprises a fine porous supporting membrane on which a polyamide separation
functional layer is formed. Inside and/or on the surface of the polyamide separation functional layer, a
monofunctional amine and an aliphatic acyl group are bonded and/or absorbed. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an evaluation method for a reverse osmosis membrane feed 1
water that is capable of stably operating a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus for a long term
without causing the reduction of the permeation flow density of a reverse osmosis membrane, to
provide its equipment, and to provide an operation control method for water treatment equipment
containing the reverse osmosis membrane apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration unit which prevents a space of the whole of a 1
filtration apparatus containing a water storage tank, or the like, from becoming large when raw water
added with, activated carbon, is filtered by a filtration module constituted by a hollow fiber membrane,
or the like and permits the suppression of cost by reducing the amount of addition of the activated
carbon and effectively utilizing the activated carbon. ŽSOLUTION: The filtration unit 1 is provided
with a casing 2 which is immersed and installed in the water storage tank or a storage reservoir, the
raw water being introduced thereinto, and has a blind cylindrical shape, an introduction port 2A for
introducing the raw water in the water storage tank, or the like into the casing 2, an activated carbon
supply means 5 for adding the activated carbon into the introduced raw water, a stirring means 4 of
stirring the raw water added with the activated carbon in the casing 2, the filtration module 3 for
filtering the raw water, a reversal flow suppressing means 6 for suppressing reversal flow of the raw
water in the casing 2 to the introduction port 2A and its discharge into the water storage tank, and a
discharging means 7 for discharging the raw water in the casing 2. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drinking water supplying device which can conduct 1
sterilization at a timing easy for bacteria to invade and can efficiently purify drinking water.
SOLUTION: The drinking water supplying device comprises a container 1 filled with drinking water
such as tap water and arranged removably, a water cooler 22 which cools the drinking water
introduced from the container 1, a sterilizer 5 which is installed in the water cooler 22 and sterilizes
the drinking water in the water cooler 22, a cool water valve 23 which controls the supply and stop of
supply of the drinking water in the water cooler 22, a container detector 4 which detects whether the
container 1 has been removed or not, and a microcomputer 6 which, after the removal state of the
container 1 has been detected by the container detector 4, makes control to drive the sterilizer 5 for a
predetermined period of time. Due to this configuration, since the sterilizer 5 activates in the state
where the container 1 is removed, namely, bacteria are easy to invade into the water cooler 22, the
sterilizer 5 can kill the invading bacteria at a good timing. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simultaneous sterilization type ion-exchange resin tower for
a pure water production apparatus, which is made compact by unifying a pure water ion exchange
resin tower and every equipment of ultraviolet germicidal lamp in a cylindrical tank 1 and omitting the
piping and prevents an ion-exchange resin 14 from being attached to the inner wall of a cylindrical
tank
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prolong the service life of a membrane through a significant 1
improvement in washing effect and, at the same time, to eliminate a troublesome process and cost
involved in extension of other filtration means by providing a rapid and effective method for washing a
reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recover or retain good filtration performance of membrane bundled 1

bodies functioning as a separation membrane by diffusion without affecting the filtration performance
of the membrane bundled bodies, i.e., a separation membrane and to retain sufficient filtration
performance for a long period of tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus capable of keeping the

irradiation intensity of an ultraviolet lamp without mechanically washing the surface of the ultraviolet
lamp and capable of properly applying sterilization treatment to water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize the entire facility and to save energy by maintaining flux of 1
a recovery system membrane filtration apparatus high, and reducing an installation area and power
cost, in a water cleaning treatment facility provided with the recovery system membrane filtration
apparatus by membrane filtration treatment of backwash water of a clean water system membrane
filtration apparatus and recovering filtrate as raw water or clean wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid separation membrane capable of suppressing fouling 1

to the surface of a membrane while exhibiting high multivalent ion removing performance at a very
low pressure, that is, low energy when fresh water is obtained from high-concentration raw water
specifically such as seawater, and its manufacturing metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a membrane filtration apparatus the immersion type membrane 1
module of which can be prevented from being damaged when the membrane module is maintaine

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To regenerate the treatment capacity of a water treatment filter by 1

applying alternating-current voltage to remove adsorbates and deposits by using a layered sheet
comprising a sheet water treatment adsorbent layer or a filtration membrane where the adsorbent
layer or the filtration membrane is put between sheet activated carbon layers used as electrode
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a poly-ion complex by which high-quality treated water can be 1
obtained in high deionization efficiency and to provide a water treatment apparatus using this poly-ion
comple

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semi-permeable membrane of high rejection of 1

salts capable of separating boron, which is not dissociated in a neutral region at high rejection and to
provide a manufacturing method of the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning water by subjecting raw water having 1
an arsenic content exceeding a reference value specified in the Water Works Law to treatment for
absorbing the arsenic component contained in the raw water in using the water for drinkin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying device which prevents RO creep, can supply 1
permeate of extremely high quality, enables the long life of a reverse osmosis membrane, and does
not generate loss of electric energy and unnecessary wastewater by installing a plurality of water
purification means using reverse osmosis membranes, and it control metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly safety water cleaner which removes impurities and 1
microorganisms dissolved in city water as well as chlorinated lime malodor, further which prevents
bacteria from developing inside the water cleaner, and which does not flow out bacteria into the water
cleane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a immersion type flat membrane separation apparatus in 1

which a membrane cartridge is easily and smoothly inserted into a membrane cartridge supporting
frame and the interval between the membranes is kept constan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning cartridge capable of sufficiently developing 1

the capacity of a hollow fiber membrane not only to enhance water quality but also to extend the life of
the hollow fiber membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nano filtration device that reduces chemical washing 1
frequencies by safely and efficiently removing contaminations from the surface of a NF film through a
simple device and a procedure, thereby suppressing the reduction of the permeation amount of water.
ŽSOLUTION: The nano filtration device is characterized by storing a membrane 10M, on which poly-
ion complex formed by combining a polymer with positive charge on a penetrative supporting
material, with the poly-ion complex supported in a laminar state, in a vessel, dividing the inside of the
vessel into a first chamber 10A and a second chamber 10B by this membrane 10M, and making it
possible that the liquid penetrates from the first chamber 10A to the second chamber 10B and the
liquid penetrates from the second chamber 10B to the first chamber 10A wherein a first inflow pipe 11
through which the liquid flows into the first chamber and a first discharging pipe 19 through which the
liquid discharges communicate with each other, and a second inflow pipe 14 through which the liquid
flows into the second chamber and a second discharging pipe 12 through which the liquid discharges
are communicated with each other. Thus, the reduction of the amount of the penetrated water is
prevented by supplying a water to be treated to the first chamber 10A, collecting the water by
discharging the penetrated water from the second chamber 10B, supplying a reverse washing water
to the second chamber 10B and conducting the reverse washing by penetrating to the first chamber
10A. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the damage of an immersion type membrane separator 1

caused by membrane clogging and the like when using it for solid-liquid separation in various waste
liquid treatment

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively perform sterilization of water; by cleaning air supplied into a
water storage tank by the irradiation of a germicidal lamp for air; and by generating bubbles in water
by supplying the cleaned air to the water stored in the water storage tank; and further performing
sterilization of water in a state of generating bubbles by the irradiation of a germicidal lamp for water,
in cleaning water in the water storage tank, without the inclusion of chemical

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which has a simple structure, is compact and, 1
nevertheless, has both of high performance and high function. SOLUTION: The water purifier
comprises an outer vessel 5 having a clean water storage part 11, an inner vessel 6 having a raw
water storage part 10 and a water cleaning cartridge 4 disposed in the vessel. Therein, granular filter
medium 22, and fibrous filter medium 23 having a porosity of 85% to 95% are disposed in the water
cleaning cartridge 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus for water treatment that can 1
oxidatively decompose and remove membrane contaminants efficiently using a small amount of
ozone in water treatment in which water to be treated is subjected to ozone oxidation as pretreatment
for RO membrane treatment to remove membrane contaminants contained in the water to be treated
by oxidative decomposition, thereby preventing contamination of the RO membrane and maintaining
the performance of the membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration filter which can reduce the volume of a waste to be 1
treated and is suitable for treating primary cooling water of a pressurized water nuclear power plan
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain a high separation efficiency over a long period of time while 1
suppressing the deterioration of a separation membrane to the minimum by preventing scale
(containing carbonic acid salt) from being deposited/sedimented on a separation membrane surface
of especially reverse osmosis membrane equipment of a second stage when desalinating the
seawater at a high recovery rate using the reverse osmosis membrane equipment connected in two
stage

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a polyion complex membrane which can acquire a sufficient 1
flux under a low pressure while maintaining its desalting performance; and to provide a water
treatment device using the polyion complex membrane. ŽSOLUTION: The polyion complex
membrane is composed of a water-permeable supporting material and a polyion complex layer which
consists of a polyion complex formed by bonding a polymer having positive charge and a polymer
having negative charge and which is held in a layer state by the water-permeable supporting material,
both the polymer having positive charge and the polymer having negative charge being a high-mol.wt.
polymer having a mol.wt. of 500,000 or higher. The polyion complex membrane 20 formed from the
high-mol.wt. polymers can acquire a high flux under a low pressure while maintaining a high desalting
performance. The water treatment device is equipped with the polyion complex membrane 20, a
means for feeding raw water to one side of the polyion complex membrane 20, and a means for
taking out treated water from the other side of the polyion complex membrane 20. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalination method and a seawater desalination 1

apparatus which can reduce the pH of feed water to a second stage reverse osmosis membrane
device as low as possible (reduce the pH to the minimum) within a range capable of adjusting the
boron concentration of membrane permeate of the second stage reverse osmosis membrane device
to an acceptable upper limit or lower when seawater is desalinized by two stages of reverse osmosis
membrane devices connected in series, and can inhibit the deterioration of a semipermeable
membrane as much as possibl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water producing method which can effectively prevent 1
scale generation and stably obtain fresh water at a high recovery rate when raw water, such as
seawater, is desalted by a distillation metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such problems that, when a membrane separation device is 1
used in a water treatment apparatus such as a drainage treatment apparatus, in recent days, an
immersion type membrane separation device with an immersion type air diffuser is exclusively used,
however a clogging prevention effect of the membrane is insufficient due to the slowness of the rising
speed of bubbles, thereby easily causing the clogging in the air diffuser, moreover, high air supplying
pressure is required, thereby requiring expensive facilities such as a root blowe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for enhancing water permeability/fouling resistance 1

and recycling a reverse osmosis membrane for the treatment of water to be treated containing a
membrane contaminant by applying any treatment to the ordinary reverse osmosis membrane and
used reverse osmosis membrane with respect to the recycle of reverse osmosis membrane which is
widely performed from the point of view of effective utilization of resources. ŽSOLUTION: The
reverse osmosis membrane is allowed to react with an oxidant having an oxidation reduction potential
of 250 to 500 mV, for example, a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution of 1 mass% and is modified so
as to keep the desalting rate of 90% or more. Such a modified reverse osmosis membrane is recycled
for water treatment containing organic contaminant. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter capable of preventing the direct contact of reversal 1
washing liquid, which is supplied into a casing, with the peripheral part of a water collecting slit under
high pressure at the time of reversal washing of a filter element and capable of equally spreading the
reversal washing liquid over the whole of the filter elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably obtain water of a good quality which can be used again for a 1
sterilizer by efficiently collecting waste water drained from a pasteurize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photocatalyst for water treatment which has an excellent
reactivity in ultraviolet rays and visible light, and is excellently durable and corrosion resistant and is
easily recovered and a manufacturing method of the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module and a production method for 1
the hollow fiber membrane module capable of preventing from generating such problems that a
bonded and fixed part decreases strength and an adhesive has a difficulty in flowing between each
hollow fiber membrane module when forming the bonded and fixed part in producing the module by
filling the hollow fiber membrane as much as possible in an outer case while securing yarn shaking at
the time of air scrubbing. ŽSOLUTION: In the hollow fiber membrane module, having an outer
cylinder 4 where both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are integrally fixed at a bonded and fixed
parts 2, 3 and where a fiber bundle which hollow part of the hollow fiber membrane is opened and one
end portion and the other portion which cover all the area of the fiber bundle are opened at least at
one end portion of the bonded and fixed part 2, and at least the bonded and fixed part 2 is liquid-
tightly bonded and fixed to the internal face of the outer cylinder, when a relaxation rate of the fiber
bundle ± is more than 0.1% and less than 5%, a filling rate of the hollow fiber membrane in a
filtration chamber 5 formed between the bonded and fixed part 2 and a bonded and fixed part (B) is
Á and a filling rate at the bonded and fixed part 2 is Á1, the formulae Á1/Á

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polysulfone-based hollow fiber membrane for CO2 1

collection capable of separately collecting CO

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method for effectively utilizing an exhaust
gas promoting a dechlorination process by an anaerobic UV reaction, a dechlorination reaction by a
UV/O3 reaction and an ozone reaction such as the cleavage of a double bond or the like utilizing
oxygen having a high concentration and nitrogen generated in a PSA oxygen generato
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drinking water supply system for both of regular use and
emergency use. ŽSOLUTION: Drinking raw water supplied through at least one route is sent directly
or through a storage tank to this drinking water supply system for both of regular use and emergency
use and used independently as drinking water or mixable service water is mixed with drinkable raw
water and the mixed water is sent to this drinking water supply system and used as drinking water.
When drinking raw water is supplied, a magnet or the like is arranged in the water stored in the
storage tank or a treated water tank or the water of a water area derived from the storage tank and
the treated water tank to irradiate the water with lines of magnetic force in an influenced range so that
the sterilizing efficacy of a chlorine molecular species containing an oxygen atom as a constituent
element can be promoted and the adhesion of scale can be prevented. In order to enhance the
sterilizing effect, in addition to the treatment using lines of magnetic force, a catalytic member
containing titanium dioxide is arranged in the storage tank etc. at the same time so that ultraviolet rays
are excited and the sterilizing efficacy of the chlorine molecular species containing the oxygen atom
as the constituent element is promoted. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress growth of bromate ions by adding hydrogen peroxide of

optimum value to ozone concentration in treated water or irradiating the water with ultra-violet light.
ŽSOLUTION: A water treatment system is provided with a reaction tank 1 for storing treated water
containing a bromine-containing material, an ozone supply part 4 for supplying ozone to the treated
water stored in the reaction tank, a hydrogen peroxide supply part 11 for supplying hydrogen peroxide
to the treated water stored in the reaction tank, an ozone concentration measuring means 15 for
measuring ozone concentration of ozone supplied from the ozone supply part, a hydrogen peroxide
inflow measuring means 5 for measuring inflow of hydrogen peroxide supplied from the hydrogen
peroxide supply part and a control means 10 which controls at least one ozone supply part and at
least one hydrogen peroxide supply part so that a ratio of ozone concentration to amount of hydrogen
peroxide added to 1 liter of the treated water is &le;10 based on ozone concentration measured by
the ozone concentration measuring means and inflow of hydrogen peroxide measured by the
hydrogen peroxide inflow measuring means. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive and practical water purifying cartridge capable 1
of efficiently utilizing a filter medium, and a water purifier. SOLUTION: The water purifier has an outer
container (5) having a purified water storage part (11), an inner container (6) having a raw water
storage part (10) and the water purifying cartridge 4. When the resistance of water occurring until
water is issued from a discharge port (31) after being passed through the filter medium (22) of the
water purifying cartridge 4 is set to [R], [R] satisfies the formula (A):
3.7×107&le;R&le;9.7×108äwherein the resistance [R] is shown by the formula: R=P×(F×¼m)-1when
a flaw speed is set to F(L/S), the coefficient of viscosity of water is set to ¼m(mPa×S) and pressure
loss is set to P(mPa)}. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method which is used in a field for making 1
boiler water, cooling water, process water, general industrial water and the like from river water, tap
water, general factory wastewater, sewage treated water or the like, and especially effective for the
treatment of biologically treated water of factory wastewater containing a surfactant, a surface
treatment agent or the like or river water and sewage treated water advanced in organic pollution, and
a water treatment apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane processing system for making an installment 1

space efficien
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for separation capable of 1
effectively obtaining clarified treated water. ŽSOLUTION: The floatation separation method is
capable of simply, rapidly, and effectively obtaining clarified water by introducing superfine bubbles
having a diameter of 0.3 to 500 ¼m to a liquid to be treated to make a solid material and a soluble
organic material in the liquid to be treated adhere to the superfine bubble for the floatation separation.
The separation apparatus comprising a separation tank and a superfine bubble generator for
generating the superfine bubbles with a diameter of 0.3 to 500 ¼m can effectively obtain the clarified
water employing simple construction. Moreover, by installing a membrane filtration apparatus in this
separation apparatus, a membrane filtration can be carried out stably for a long time.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus whose separation 1

membrane can be washed simply without using an air pipeline, a washing water pipeline, a blower
and a pum

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water treatment apparatus which can uniformly irradiate
ultraviolet light on water to be treated in a reaction tank to decompose organic matter in the water to
be treated at high speed and high efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device using a photocatalyst for

decomposing organic chemical substance and organic matter dissolved into water so as to make
harmless and sterilizing virus or the like, wherein ultraviolet light is uniformly applied to the
photocatalyst, so that decomposition efficiency is made hig

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cartridge type filter that reduces necessary force in inserting 1
a filtration cartridge into a fixed cap to connect and withdrawing the same from the fixed cap.
ŽSOLUTION: An inclined trough 14 and an inclined protruded piece 33 which are interlocked with
each other are installed to the fixed cap 10 and the filtration cartridge 20. Thus, the filtration cartridge
20 is proceeded axially and both the filtration cartridge and the fixed cap can be inserted and
connected with each other by rotating the filtration cartridge 20 against the fixed cap 10. In
withdrawing the filtration cartridge 20, it is rotated reversely when connected. Thus, the necessary
force in the case of insertion and connection and in the case of withdrawal is largely reduced as
compared to the necessary force in the conventional case of directly pushing axially or withdrawing
the filtration cartridge 20. Therefore, the load added to the piping and the like at the working is also
reduced. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus constituted so as to decompose

a harmful chemical substance or organic matter dissolved in water using a photocatalyst not only to
detoxify the same but also to kill a virus or the like and enhanced in decomposition efficiency by
throwing ultraviolet rays in sunlight on both sides of a photocatalyst carrie
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water treatment apparatus in which the quality of treated
water can be stabilized by adjusting an exposure dose of ultraviolet rays optionall

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dipped type membrane cartridge with enhanced durability 1
against aeratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a long-life water purifying cartridge built into a faucet which 1
maximizes the filterabilities of activated carbon and a hollow fiber membrane, and can maintain the
excellent filterabilities over a long ter

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing regenerated water in which a 1

membrane separation type activated sludge process is used in combination with a reverse osmosis
membrane and the permeation performance or separation performance of the reverse osmosis
membrane is prevented effectively from being deteriorated by the propagation of a microbe on the
surface of the reverse osmosis membrane or the adhesion of the microbe and its metabolite to the
surface of the reverse osmosis membrane. ŽSOLUTION: A flocculant and a fouling restraining agent
are applied respectively to a membrane separation type activated sludge tank and the reverse
osmosis membrane in order to effectively prevent the permeation performance or separation
performance of the reverse osmosis membrane from being deteriorated by the propagation of the
microbe on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane or the adhesion of the microbe and its
metabolite to the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane. Phosphorus becoming a nutritious salt of
the microbe is removed by the flocculant to restrain a microbial film from being formed on the surface
of the reverse osmosis membrane. As a result, the deterioration of the permeation performance or
separation performance of the reverse osmosis membrane can be prevented effectively.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for removing the organic materials in salt water in a 1
pretreatment method used for an alkali salt electrolysis. ŽSOLUTION: The pretreatment method
used for the alkali salt electrolysis involves a process of curtailing or removing the organic materials
contained in alkali salt water by using a membrane having such functionality. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water separation system, in a pervaporation method, 1

connected to a permeation side of a permeable membrane and capable of reducing a pressure of the
permeation side of the permeable membrane compared with a feed side of the permeable membrane,
and a water separation system, in the pervaporation method, connected to the permeation side of the
permeable membrane, capable of reducing the pressure of the permeation side of the permeable
membrane compared with the feed side of the permeable membrane, cooling fractions permeated the
permeable membrane to be liquified and also removing bubbles mixed i
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propagate vibration to a horn with reduced loss, and to efficiently
utilize acoustic energy radiated from the hor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably and surely obtain product water with a very low boron
concentration over a long time in a multistage deionization treatment with electric deionization devices
arranged in a multistage structure for feeding a part of the product water to a concentration chamber
in a counterflow single-pass manner by ensuring the durability and boron removal efficiency of the
downstream side electric deionization device. ŽSOLUTION: In an electric deionization system
structured so that the product water of the upstream side electric deionization device 1 is introduced
into the demineralization chamber 16B of the downstream side electric deionization device 2 as water
to be treated, and that a part of the product water is made to flow into the concentration chamber 15B
from the side near the outlet of the demineralization chamber 16B as concentration water, and made
to flow out from the side near the inlet of the demineralization chamber 16B, an ion load increasing
means for increasing the ion load of the water to be treated, flowing into the demineralization chamber
16B of the most downstream side electric deionization device 2 is installed. As the ion load increasing
means, an addition means 3 of sodium salt and/or sodium hydroxide, and/or a UV oxidation device 4
can be enumerated. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method for a water cleaning system capable of 1
performing stable filtering operation over a long period of tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accurate evaluation method of water quality index using a 1
filter difficult in evaluation with good repeatability, a water treatment apparatus properly operable
based on an accurate water quality index, and a semi-permeable membrane apparatus particularly
sensitive to scal

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing purified water by using a reverse 1
osmosis membrane, by which a large quantity of purified water can be obtained directly without
installing a purified water tank and then purified water or reduced water can be obtained selectively,
and to provide a water purifie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module which is connected to a 1

faucet to clean tap water, and can easily discharge air that enters the hollow fiber membrane module
or a water cleaner at the start of use or during usage, and a water cleaner fitted with the modul
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To desalinate seawater by utilizing a waste heat from a power generation 1
plant and increase the efficiency of the power generation plant. ŽSOLUTION: The seawater is
heated by a first heat exchanger 6 heat exchanging the exhaust gas from a gas turbine 1 driving a
generator 2 with the seawater and a second heat exchanger 7 heat exchanging a compressed air
extracted from the air compression stage 10 of the gas turbine with the seawater, and a fresh water is
collected by flushing the seawater in a multi-stage vaporizing device 5. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water volume control method which can adjust the volume 1
of filtrate from a renewed filtration membrane module to not more than an allowable filtrate volume
when a using filtration membrane module and the renewed filtration membrane module are operated
togethe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module capable of reducing 1

pressure loss or motion powe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for washing a hollow fiber membrane capable of 1
suppressing the blockage of a membrane and decreasing a cost even when membrane filtration
treatment is carried out after flocculation and sedimentation treatment, and water treatment facilities
that are applications of its metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water distribution controller which can carry out the whole
water distribution by computer control simply and in a short time by integrating and unifying a
chemical substance remover, an ozone generator and an ultraviolet sterilize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet water sterilization and purification apparatus

capable of treating any given amount of water and sterilizing various kinds of germs in natural water
or seawater without using a high-output ultraviolet lamp, air, chlorine, or ozone gas, and also without
need of removing a quartz tube of the ultraviolet lamp for easy cleaning. ŽSOLUTION: This novel
ultraviolet water sterilization and purification apparatus for sterilizing various kinds of germs in natural
water, seawater, or spa water by means of the cleaning effect of ultrasonic waves and the sterilizing
effect of the ultraviolet rays, mainly comprises a sterilization tank housing containing honeycomb type
sterilizing chambers, an ultraviolet irradiation section, and an ultrasonic wave cleaning section. This is
easily controlled on a touch-panel console via a sequence control for controlling safety, the lamp
lifetime, the amount of ultraviolet irradiation, the amount of the treated water, the power source, and
the starting time. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalting method which enables the efficient 1
production of water satisfying the standards of drinking water in the concentration of boron and the
like by preventing a deterioration of a second stage reverse osmosis membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane separation apparatus the 1
whole of which can be disassembled easily and reassembled precisely to restart filtration easily even
when a special tool is not use

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly durable apparatus for recovering water from organic 1
matter-containing water which can prevent clogging of an RO membrane and deterioration of flux for
a long time while reducing the number of troublesome pH adjustment processes, and a recovery
method therefor. SOLUTION: In the apparatus and method for recovering water from organic matter-
containing water, after biologically treating the organic matter-containing water, the pH of filtrate
obtained by filtering the biologically treated water is adjusted to alkaline, and then permeate obtained
by passing the filtrate trough a reverse osmosis membrane device is recovered as treated water.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration drive control system which maintains a 1
flow rate adapted for correspondence to the operation mode even when a flowmeter to monitor the
supply amount of raw water is broken in the operation of the membrane filtration apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device where permeated water which has 1
been allowed to permeate a reverse osmosis membrane is further activate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device using ultraviolet light with ozone
which enables the compactification of a system and can decompose hardly decomposable organic
substances and the like while suppressing a water treatment cost. ŽSOLUTION: The water
treatment device using ultraviolet light with ozone comprises an outer vessel 2 for water treatment, an
inner vessel 3 disposed in the outer vessel 2, an ultraviolet lamp 6 disposed in the inner vessel 3, a
suction pipe 7 of which one end communicates with and is connected to a space 4 for ozone
generation between the inner vessel and the ultraviolet lamp, and of which the other end
communicates with and is connected to a space 5 for passing water between the outer and inner
vessels, and an air feeder 8 for supplying a gas in the suction pipe 7 toward the space 5 side for
passing water from the space 4 side for ozone generation. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module in which a baffle cylinder 1
having a slit extending to the direction obliquely intersecting the axis of a cylindrical case is arranged
inside the cylindrical case so that the work of inserting a bundle of hollow fiber membranes into a
cylindrical case is facilitate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for efficiently producing condensed sea water of 1
100 g/L or higher by reverse osmosis membrane treatmen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration cleaning apparatus capable of reducing the 1
remaining number of microorganism such as bacteria particularly remaining in treatment water.
ŽSOLUTION: In order to solve the problem, the bacteria in raw water is efficiently sterilized by UV
ray and a chemical in a pre-treatment process, the remaining number of the bacteria in the treatment
water is outstandingly reduced and the plankton and the organic substance becoming nutrition of the
bacteria are subjected to coagulation filtration treatment to reduce the remaining of them in the
treatment water. Thereby, the problem of deterioration with time of the treatment water by
reproduction of bacteria can be solved. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane in which a polymer membrane can 1

be supported satisfactorily and the pressure resistance of which can be made excellent by using a
porous supporting body like a nonwoven fabric having comparatively larger pore size and to provide a
water treatment apparatus using the separation membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing iron and manganese during moving 1
through a flow channel in water treatment process by a continuous and simple method, and its
apparatus. ŽSOLUTION: The method and apparatus for removing dissolved iron and manganese
comprise injecting an oxidant into raw water containing dissolved manganese, then bringing it into
contact with an immobilized catalyst which makes the membrane wall of a hollow fiber membrane
carry crystals of manganese dioxide and carrying out membrane filtration of a deposited oxide fine
particle. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing water suitable for drinking by reducing 1
a boron content in water. ŽSOLUTION: Boron-containing water is passed through a reverse osmosis
membrane separator, next the water permeating into the membrane and discharged from the
apparatus is passed through an apparatus packed with a chelate formative fiber having chelate
formation ability to a boron element and a boron compound, and a remaining boron content is
reduced during permeating into the membrane. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound reverse osmosis membrane having a high 1

desalination rate and a high water permeate flow and lowering less in the water permeate flow even
when used in treating detergent-containing wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve each problem caused by a pressure difference between an 1

anode side electrolytic chamber R1 and a cathode side electrolytic chamber R2 in production of
sterilized water including electrolytic treatment of water containing a chlorine component such as sea
water as water to be treated in the anode side electrolytic chamber R1, degassing treatment of the
water to be treated generated by the electrolytic treatment in a degassing membrane and the
electrolytic treatment of the water to be treated generated by the degassing treatment in the cathode
side electrolytic chamber R
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reproduction method of a filtration membrane module which 1
allows a stable operation over a long period of time in carrying out again a filtering processing
operation after the cleaning of the filtration membrane module in which a permeability performance
deteriorates. ŽSOLUTION: A cleaning recovery method of the filtration membrane module which has
a deterioration in permeability performance in a water purification system of surface water is provided,
and an operating method of a hollow fiber membrane module is provided. After the filtering processing
operation is carried out, the performance recovery is carried out by a periodical chemical cleaning in
spite of the rising possibility of an intermembrane differential pressure, and at the time of the following
filtering processing operation, passing water is carried out using a hollow fiber membrane module raw
water inlet at the time of the first stage filtering processing operation as a raw water outlet, and using
the raw water outlet as the raw water inlet. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin porous membrane with 1

superior low fouling propert

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating water capable of stably treating for a 1
long time by omitting pretreatment aiming at removal of a suspended substance in raw water to
directly supply the raw water to a membrane separation apparatus using a reverse osmosis
membrane or a nano-filtration membrane, and an apparatus for treating wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an effective technology which realizes high-level water quality 1
control in a water treatment device comprising a purification treatment part for performing the
purification treatment of water to be treated, and a disinfection treatment part for performing the
disinfection treatment of the water treated in the purification treatment part. SOLUTION: A water
quality detection sensor 200 immersed in a disinfection tank 190 at the most downstream part of the
water treatment device 100 detects the quality of water discharged from the disinfection tank 190 to
the outside of the water treatment device 100, and detects the occurrence of biofilm adhesion to the
detection part of the water quality detection sensor 200 caused by deterioration of disinfection
performance in the disinfection tank 190. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: power-saving and space-saving alkaline 1
ion water generation cannot be carried out without addition of an auxiliary etc., because of insufficient
counter ion and high impressed voltage due to small amount of minerals in the permeate, despite of
the desire that alkaline ion water generated from the permeate of a reverse osmosis membrane for
generating high purity alkaline ion wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ballast water intaking and treating device which can supply 1
ballast water free from microorganisms etc. having a size equal to or larger than a prescribed size to a
ballast tank by blocking the passage of the microorganisms and bacteria having a size equal to or
larger than the prescribed size with a membrane in a process of intaking the ballast wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous membrane which causes no reduction in inhibition 1
rate when the porous membrane got scratched at the manufacturing of a membrane element or even
after a long-hour operation and yields permeated water with an extremely high safet

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dipped type filtering device which enables a running cost 1
reduction by arranging hollow fiber membrane modules in a plurality of stages in an up-and-down
direction to improve use efficiency of air for cleaning hollow fiber membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyolefinic hollow fiber-like porous membrane suited to a 1

filter for removing protozoa like cryptosporidium, bacteria elimination and turbidity elimination in water
treatment. SOLUTION: In the present invention, 0.1-6.00 pts.wt. lubricant component in relation to
100 pts.wt. polyolefinic resin is added to a polyolefin solution obtained by dissolving polyolefinic resin
into 10C-20C higher alcohol, the mixture is subjected to extrusion molding to obtain the polyolefinic
hollow fiber-like porous membrane. A limit viscosity of the polyolefinic resin composing the polyolefinic
hollow fiber-like porous membrane is 7 dl/g or more. The polyolefinic hollow fiber-like porous
membrane has a porosity of 60-90% and an average hole diameter preventing passing of 95% or
more of latex standard particles of an average particle size of 0.05-1.0 ¼m. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2006,JPO&NCI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress increase of a membrane differential pressure by evenly and 1

sufficiently washing each membrane element and recovering sufficient membrane pressure difference
in back washing, in washing a horizontal water filtration membrane module formed by horizontally and
serially connecting multiple membrane elements. ŽSOLUTION: This washing method of the
membrane module having raw water supply valves, filtrate outlet valves and back washing drain
valves connected to both sides of the membrane module respectively, comprises, after the filtration of
raw water by passing it from a primary side of the membrane module to a secondary side, at least (1)
a back washing process with both filtrate outlet valves opened, the back washing drain valve of one
side opened, and the back washing drain valve of the other side closed to pass the filtrate from the
secondary side to primary side of the membrane module, and (2) a back washing process after the
above back washing, with both filtrate outlet valves opened, with one side back washing drain valve
closed and the other side back washing valve opened, to pass the filtrate from the secondary side to
the primary side of the membrane module. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing pure water, the operation of which 1
can be started even when the opening degree of a valve is not adjusted. SOLUTION: Original water
is made to pass through an orifice 1 and a security filter 2, filtered by an activated carbon filtration unit
3, sent to a reverse osmosis membrane unit 6 through a water supply tank 4 and a pump 5 and
demineralized there. The water demineralized in the reverse osmosis membrane unit 6 is brought into
contact with a water quality sensor 7 equipped with a water temperature sensor, then sent to an
electric deionization unit 8 and deionized there electrically. The electrically deionized water is
withdrawn as treated water (pure water). A part of the concentrated water from the reverse osmosis
membrane unit 6 is discharged through an orifice 10, a pipeline 11 and an orifice 12 and the
remainder is returned to the water supply tank 4 through a pipeline 13 branched from the pipeline 11
and an orifice 14. The concentrated water from the electric deionization unit 8 is returned to the water
supply tank 4 through a pipeline 15 and an orifice 16. Electrode water from the electric deionization
unit 8 is discharged through a pipeline 17 and an orifice 18. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCI
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for backwashing of a hollow fiber membrane that 1
can reduce the number of times of flash backwashing causative of lowered durability of the hollow
fiber membrane and can reliably remove fouling components sticking to the hollow fiber membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To providing a ceramic filter permitting reduction of the number of times 1
of back washing of the filter and minimization of necessary cleaning with a chemical and its
manufacturing method. SOLUTION: The ceramic filter 1 comprises a porous body 2 having two end
surfaces 4a and 4b, an outer peripheral surface and a supporting body 50 formed with two or more
main flow passages for a to-be-cleaned fluid 62 extending through the end surfaces 4a and 4b, an
intermediate membrane 52 formed on the inside wall surface of the main flow passages, and a filter
membrane 54 formed on the surface of the intermediate membrane 52. The fluid 62, a to-be-cleaned
water, flowing from an opening on the end surface 4a side of a main flow passage 3 is caused to pass
through the porous body 2 to clean and taken out from the outer peripheral surface of the porous
body 2 as a cleaned fluid 60, cleaned water. The ceramic filter 1 has a large number of protruded
parts on the surface of the intermediate membrane 52, and a large number of protruded parts are also
formed on the filter membrane 54 along the contour of the intermediate membrane 52. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing pure water, by which pure water can 1
be produced at a high flux by using a membrane filtration apparatus without discharging ozone to the
outside even at an ozonization-required water purification plan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water quality monitoring apparatus and a method for 1
practically sensing a low-concentration toxicity. ŽSOLUTION: The water quality monitoring
apparatus and method use a living thing as a toxic material sensing means, and have a test water
condensing means for previously condensing monitored test water by using a nano-filtration
membrane for membrane separation, and a means for bringing the living thing into contact with the
test water condensed by the test water condensing means. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane excellent in pressure resistance to 1

sufficiently support a polymer film using a porous support having a relatively large pore size like a
nonwoven fabric, and a water treatment apparatus using it. SOLUTION: The separation membrane is
constituted of the porous support, the nanofiber layer formed on the porous support and composed of
fibers with a diameter of 1-1,000 nm and the polymer film formed on the nanofiber layer. The water
treatment apparatus is equipped with this separation membrane. Since the dense nanofiber layer
markedly reduced in pore size is formed on the porous support and the polymer film is formed
thereon, the polymer film becomes the state supported on the dense nanofiber layer and the
separation membrane capable of sufficiently supporting the polymer film even in a case using the
porous support large in pore size and excellent in pressure resistance can be obtained. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaner which effectively prevents deterioration of 1

water break at taking out a cleaning liquid and reduction of cleaning amount caused by air
accumulated in the inside of a filter means after usage for a fixed perio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system using ultraviolet irradiation
demonstrating ultraviolet irradiation effect in algae countermeasures and sterilizing of disease germ

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system capable of realizing an effective

measure against algae in water purification treatment without causing an increased operation cost
and a large-scale system so as to allow irradiation with ultraviolet rays having a proper ultraviolet
amount which deactivates fertility of the algae corresponding to the type and the concentration of the
algae included in object water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifugal membrane device capable of efficiently 1

separating even suspended solids such as particulate that is likely to produce fouling and capable of
maintaining a separating function of the suspended solids for a long time with regard to the centrifugal
membrane device that separates the suspended solids in a treated liquid through a separation
membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of washing a flat membrane element used for a 1
membrane filter device which reduces the aeration amount in a usual state upon flat membrane
element washing, and further improves the washing efficiency of a flat membrane element in a region
where a washing by means of air bubbles is difficult when solid matter concentration is significantly
high, for exampl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bath device capable of preventing unnecessary irradiation

of ultraviolet ray, elongating service life of a lamp, and providing bathing with clean hot water for a
long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for filtering/activating aqueous industrial 1

effluents in which aqueous industrial effluents are treated by so-called physical means and method to
restore treated water to its original activity and cleaned to such a level that treated water can be used
repeatedly over a long period of time or surplus treated water can be discharged to a rive
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method which enables the treatment of water supply without 1
requiring a special back washing process and apparatus, and with membrane use efficiency of 100%
by employing a filtration membrane to be used in normal water treatment. SOLUTION: A dual water
distribution system comprising when inflow side primary water (raw water) of a partial membrane
filtration apparatus is supplied, providing a conduit in which water passing through a membrane
surface serves a flow path outside a system and placing at least a water tap controllable respectively
combined with a permeated water side secondary water conduit, and primary side water passing
through the membrane surface are sufficiently utilized to allow a state of use of the permeated water
by a normal microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane based on the apparatus. After during
use based on a rise of a differential pressure derived between a permeation side secondary water
output pressure and an inflow side primary water reception pressure when a permeation membrane is
blocked, closing by a differential pressure switch of a permeated water side valve to dissolve block of
the membrane surface using a large amount of the primary side water passing through the membrane
surface, the valve of the permeated water side is opened to allow supply of membrane-permeated
water to be resumed. Further, as an employed filtration membrane, a ultrafiltration membrane filter
having a fractional molecular weight of 50,000 or larger and 500,000 or smaller is used, and
preferably a microfiltration membrane filter having a blocking hole diameter of 0.2 ¼m or smaller is
used. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration membrane for membrane filtration of clarified water 1
in which, when a filtering operation is performed using clarified water as raw water, the infiltration of
fine suspended matter in the raw water into the pores of a filtering layer and the adsorption of
decomposable components on the filtering layer are prevented, and the frequency of chemical
cleaning can be consequently reduced compared with the case of the conventional article.
ŽSOLUTION: On the surface of a filtering layer 3 having a pore size of 0.01 to 3 ¼m, a surface
layer 4 having a pore size larger than the filtering layer 3 by 1.5 to 10 times is formed. During the
passage of raw water through the surface layer 4, fine suspended matter and decomposable
components in the raw water are adsorbed, and are captured to form a layer such as a precoat layer,
and thus the infiltration of the fine suspended matter in the raw water into the pores and the
adsorption of the decomposable components on the filtering layer are prevented. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a titanium oxide thin film which is deposited on an electrically
conductive substrate including a metal and is neither exfoliated nor cracked but has high reliability
and to provide a titanium oxide thin film-containing photocatalytic material having suitable coarseness
as a photocatalyst, a method for manufacturing the titanium oxide thin film-containing photocatalytic
material and an apparatus and a method for cleaning water by using the photocatalytic material.
ŽSOLUTION: The titanium oxide thin film having suitable coarseness as the photocatalyst is
deposited on the surface of a coating film by using a titanium oxide-IPA suspension which is irradiated
with ultraviolet rays under a predetermined condition and subjecting the electrically conductive
substrate including the metal to electrophoretic electrodeposition so that the titanium oxide thin film is
deposited and the gas to be derived from IPA is generated at the same time in a cathode electrode.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable miniaturization of the whole apparatus and provide it 1

economically by reducing the size of equipment for a pretreatment process and a posttreatment up to
introduction of sea water into a reverse osmosis membrane devic
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a removal method for sufficiently removing impurities like salt 1
or microorganisms in deep marine water at low energy and low cost, and surely obtaining recovered
water like safe mineral water of good quality, and a simple removal system of impurities used for i

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalination apparatus and a washing method of a 1

pretreatment membrane of the desalination apparatus capable of washing the pretreatment
membrane without using filtrat

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulation type nano-filtration testing apparatus with a 1

simple structure and capable of estimating the treatment capability of a one-way type multi-stage
nano-filtration facility. ŽSOLUTION: A circulation type apparatus 2, which is a circulation type nano-
filtration testing apparatus, reproduces the income and outgo of at least one membrane element at an
optional point in a one-way type multi-stage nano-filtration facility. The circulation type apparatus 2 is
provided with two membrane elements 21 and 21 same as those in the one-way type multi-stage
nano-filtration facility. Supplied water flows in the membrane element 21 in upstream side via a
supplied water pipe 25 and a supplied pump 26. A portion or all of the concentrated water produced in
the membrane elements 21 and 21 is circulated to the supplied water pipe 25 installed upstream of
the supply pump 26 via a circulated water pipe 31. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus capable of effectively utilizing a 1

water resource such as ground water when a reverse osmosis membrane is utilize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane permeability forecasting method which enables 1

the efficient and precise forecast of a change in permeability of a membrane in the water treatment
using a selective permeable membrane by conducting the calculation of the interaction between
matters which requires tremendous time and which becomes more difficult especially in a solvent
such as water existing system without impairing the accurac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a film treating apparatus which enables also the cleaning of a 1
filter cloth itself at the time of back-washing a fil
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temperature-responsive hollow fiber membrane high in 1
cleaning effect thereof, and capable of suppressing the rise of the differential pressure of a membrane
surface for a long time, a temperature-responsive hollow fiber membrane module, and a filtering
device using the same. ŽSOLUTION: The temperature-responsive hollow fiber membrane 1 has a
pore diameter adjustment material 3 formed by the graft-polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide on
the outer surface side of a hollow fiber membrane 2 consisting of a polymer material. The pore
diameter adjustment material is reversibly expanded/contracted at a predetermined temperature.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an irradiation apparatus for a fluid, which is used when an
optical water treatment system for sterilizing and cleaning the water to be treated is adopted, is made
compact and inexpensive since many treatment vessels occupying a wide installation space are not
used and is applicable when a large quantity of the fluid in a pool, a large bathhouse or the like is
treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance a water purification effect by a water purifying tool arranged
on the water surface. ŽSOLUTION: In a water purifying apparatus, the water purifying tool coating
the surface of a bulk body having translucent and water passing properties with a photocatalyst
having water purifying action. In particular, the water purifying apparatus provides a convection device
for forcibly circulating water by convection and an ultraviolet ray irradiation device for forcibly
irradiating the water purifying tool with an ultraviolet ray. Further, the water purifying tool is arranged
inside a net frame having an opening part above. Furthermore, a float for holding the water purifying
tool on the water surface is arranged around the water purifying tool. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane module in which a uniform gas-liquid- 1

mixed flow can be sent to each of membrane elements even when the separation membrane module
is short and the power of scraping stains on the surfaces of membrane elements can be kept and to
provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method. ŽSOLUTION: The separation
membrane module is provided with: a plurality of membrane elements arrayed horizontally in a box
unit; an air diffuser arranged below the membrane elements in the box unit; and hoods arranged
below the box unit to guide the air discharged from the air diffuser into the box unit. The hood facing
the arrayed direction of the membrane elements is extended to the position lower than those of the
hoods other than the hood facing the arrayed direction of the membrane elements. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ultraviolet sterilizer, a low pressure mercury lamp base, and
a low pressure mercury lamp sterilizer, in which the ultraviolet sterilizer does not deteriorate the
intencity of ultraviolet ray even in a low temperature water to be treated, or under a low temperature
environmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion-type membrane filtration apparatus which 1

facilitates connection of a filtered water discharge port in a filtration membrane to a filtration device
connection port in a water collection pipe and can easily be assemble
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing zeolite membranes by which 1
homogeneous zeolite membranes each having a sufficient permeation flux can be efficiently
produced, and the permeation flux can sufficiently be prevented from fluctuating even when a plurality
of zeolite membranes are produce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane element-supporting device which can be used 1

for a membrane separation device and a leak detection devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus capable of performing

inactivation of pathogenic protozoa which is in in raw water and is mixed into membrane filtered water
by the damage of the membrane of a membrane filtration equipment. ŽSOLUTION: When raw water
mixes into the membrane filtered water due to the damage of the membrane of the membrane
filtration equipment (1), the membrane filtered water is irradiated with UV rays in a UV treatment
apparatus (4) to perform inactivation of the pathogenic protozoa in the raw water mixed into the
membrane filtered water. Even if the membrane of the membrane filtration equipment is damaged, the
treated safe water can be obtained. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a water cleaning system having a 1

good recovering property of filtration performance by washing. SOLUTION: This operation method of
the water cleaning system comprises a filtering process and a backwashing process, and a dipping
process of dipping a filter membrane in a chemical solution in the backwashing process. The system
is operated so that dipping cycle factors k1, k2found from following equations (1), (2) satisfy 0.7

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration unit capable of performing filtration of raw water 1
while suitable enabling washing of a a membrane module by a supersonic vibration elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration method for carrying out membrane 1
filtration of water to be treated such as ground water, river water, lake water and sewage secondary
treated water to obtain permeated water, and by which fouling of a membrane is lessened and stable
operation can be achieved for a long period of time, and further to provide a membrane filtration
system by which the method can be materialize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration system equipped with a temperature 1

responsive membrane module which enhances the system operation rate by increasing the amount of
water to be treated, and reduces the total running cost by reducing the cost required by chemical
washing and membrane replacement. SOLUTION: The membrane filtration system is provided with
the temperature responsive membrane module which is prepared by molding the temperature
responsive membrane into the plane or cylindrical shape and charging it in the vessel to integrate.
The temperature responsive membrane filters raw water through the membrane and discharges the
same as treated water. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of ballast water capable of 1
manufacturing the ballast water by removing microorganism in sea water by a filtration film and
preventing introduction of the microorganism not originally living in a specified sea territory by a large
amount of the ballast water discharged from a vessel, a ballast water tank structure and a ballast
water manufacturing devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type membrane module capable of controlling the 1
leakage of raw water when the skin layer is broken in the vicinity of the adhesive laye

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module facility which requires no building for 1
keeping warm or can reduce the consumption amount of energy for heating and the consumption
amount of steel material for supporting a membrane module on the groun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiated water treating apparatus which has
high ultraviolet irradiation efficiency. ŽSOLUTION: The ultraviolet irradiated water treating apparatus
10 is provided with: a plurality of bar-shaped ultraviolet irradiation lamps 30A to 30F which are
installed in a vessel 20 in parallel with a central axis S; a plurality of protective tubes 31A to 31F which
are individually installed so as to wrap the respective ultraviolet irradiation lamps 30A to 30F; and
partition plates 32A, 32Ba which have holes for flow-straightening water to be treated W1 along the
central axis S. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating water which can enhance the water 1
quality of rearing water and reduce a running cost, and an apparatus for treating wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating a liquid having high sterilization and
inactivation performances, and also economical using ultraviolet light having a plurality of
wavelengths and a fine air bubble together; and an apparatus for treating the liqui

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration unit capable of purifying raw water by immersing it 1
in the raw water requiring purification treatment and preventing an activated carbon from overflowing
to the membrane module sid
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating a separation membrane which makes 1
a performance stable and enables a continuous operation while preventing a degradation of the
separation membrane, and an apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an extension of life of a membrane cartridge and long-term 1

prevention of contamination with various bacteria in a water storage tank etc. for storing purified water
after membrane treatment by suppressing biofouling during membrane treatment with a reverse
osmosis membrane and a nano-filtration membrane, and preventing a deterioration of a membrane
functional layer due to residual chlorine in a tap water, in a water purifier for performing the membrane
treatment with the reverse osmosis membrane or the nano-filtration membrane after activated carbon
treatment, and storing the membrane-filtered water in the water storage tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize an operation method of a water treatment system which can 1
maintain the flow rate and quality of permeate from a filtration membrane part in a prescribed range
by controlling the amount of discharged concentrate even when information on temperature, quality,
etc. of feed water cannot be obtaine

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation system capable of preventing lowering of 1

sterilizing power, precipitation caused by oxidation of nourishment, and cost increase. SOLUTION:
This cultivation system 101 is composed of a cultivation tank 3a, a collecting apparatus 3c collecting
liquid discharged from the cultivation tank, a filtration apparatus 5 having a filtration film, and a
collecting pump 16 for circulation. Since the filtration film of the filtration apparatus 5 is formed to be
able to remove germs while passing nourishment contained in raw water and drainage through, it is
possible to prevent precipitation of nourishment oxidized by ultraviolet ray irradiation and prevent
lowering of sterilizing power in the case that the flow velocity of discharge is fast or by turbidity, like a
cultivation system of a type of sterilizing through ultraviolet ray irradiation. Furthermore, it is possible
to reduce apparatus cost because the system has no need of setting of an expensive large size
ultraviolet ray lump. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification system having a water purifying 1

recirculation loop and being capable of solving the problem of a conventional technique. SOLUTION:
The water purification system 100 comprises a closed water recirculation loop 106 supplied with water
to be purified at one point via a water inlet 101 and including at least one outlet point of use 102 of the
purified water, and further comprises pumping means 103 on the downstream side of the inlet point in
the water flow direction in the loop and water purification means 150 on the upstream side of the at
least one outlet point 102 in the flow direction in the loop. The water purification system 100 has two
independent valves, one of which is a first valve 130 in the loop on the upstream side of the pumping
means 103 and the other of which is a second valve 120 on the upstream side of the at least one
outlet point of use 102. The system is related also to a water purification method. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concentration measuring method of organoarsenic, which

provides treatment water quality with which the concentrations of organic matter and the
concentration organoarsenic in treated water are surely calculated by controlling the supply of ozone
or hydrogen peroxide and the irradiation with ultraviolet rays corresponding to a change in the
concentration of organoarsenic in inflow water, and also to provide a concentration measuring
instrument therefo
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide water treatment equipment which can use, for treatment of 1
water to be treated, a simplified device for pretreatment prior to reverse osmosis membrane treatment
and can treat the water to be treated at a reduced installing area, and to provide a water treatment
method by which the pretreatment can be simplified, and treatment capacity by reverse osmosis
membrane modules can be increase

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To highly maintain a permeation flux of a membrane without reducing a 1

water recovering ratio in a water treating apparatus by a membrane separation after flocculating raw
water. ŽSOLUTION: In treating water by flocculation through adding a flocculant to raw water and by
membrane-separating the flocculated water, the concentration of organic materials in raw water is
measured and the flocculation condition and the cleaning condition of the separating membrane are
controlled from the measured value. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral type separation membrane element capable of 1

suppressing pressure loss in a channel in the supply side and giving high operation efficiency and
good filtered water quality owing to a sufficient effect for suppressing concentration polarizatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition (cosmetic, external preparation for skin, oral 1
agent or food) excellent in a cell-activating action, especially a cytokine VEGF, KGF production-
promoting action, and to provide a method for producing the composition. ŽSOLUTION: This
method for producing the composition is characterized by comprising (1) a process for treating ocean
deep water with a nano-filter membrane (NF membrane) removing &ge;90% of sulfate ions, and (2) a
process for concentrating the NF membrane-penetrated water obtained in the process (1) to obtain
the NF membrane-penetrated water concentrate. The concentrate is a composition containing Mg ion
in concentration of 10,000 to 100,000 mg/L, Ca ion in concentration of 4,000 to 40,000 mg/L and
sulfate ion in concentration of 0 to 1,000 mg/L, and free from deposits. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system in which disinfection performance is

assured by performing uniform UV ray irradiation, and consequently when abnormality occurs in a
part of UV ray lamps and a protective tube, the influence of the abnormality can be reduced as much
as possible. ŽSOLUTION: The water treatment system is provided with a UV ray irradiation
apparatus 1 and a water clarifying treatment monitoring and controlling apparatus 8. In the UV ray
irradiation apparatus 1, two or more UV ray lamps 15-1 to 15-6 housed in the protective tube 16 are
arranged in parallel to a vessel axis in a cylindrical vessel 10 and fluid to be treated descending from
an upper part in the vessel 10 downward while whirling is irradiated with UV ray from the UV ray
lamps. The water clarifying treatment monitoring and controlling apparatus 8 has illuminance
measuring means 6-1 to 6-3 for measuring UV ray illuminance in the vessel 10 and UV ray irradiation
quantity determining means 8A for determining UV ray irradiation quantity based on a predetermined
flow rate of the fluid to be treated flowing in the vessel 10 and illuminance measured by the
illuminance measuring means. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method for carrying out the reverse 1
osmosis treatment of waste water, such as sewage, by a reverse osmosis membrane after membrane
separation activated sludge treatment, and can inhibit fouling causing a clogging of a reverse osmosis
membrane due to an organic matter and the like contained in treated water after the membrane
separation activated sludge treatmen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalination method by which, even when the 1
water quality of a water intake region is not sufficiently clean, the clogging of an RO (Reverse
Osmosis) membrane is suppressed to thereby achieve a stable operation without generating a large
quantity of sludge. ŽSOLUTION: When seawater being the raw water is subjected to preliminary
filtration treatments to remove an SS (Suspended Solid) content and further a salt content is removed
with an RO membrane 2 to desalinate the seawater, fine bubbles are poured into the seawater being
the raw water, and fine organic matters in the raw water are decomposed, and are thereafter driven
into the RO membrane. As the fine bubbles, the ones with a diameter of &le;100 ¼m are preferably
used. Such fine bubbles exhibit strong oxidizing force, and prevent the clogging of the RO membrane
2 caused by the fine organic matters. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet disinfection device capable of ensuring a proper

ultraviolet intensity corresponding to the fluctuations in the inflow amount of water to be treated or the
lowering of ultraviolet transmittance to realize the control of the proper exposure of ultraviolet rays.
ŽSOLUTION: The ultraviolet disinfection device is constituted so as to irradiate water to be treated
with ultraviolet rays to disinfect the same and equipped with a controller 13 for calculating the intensity
of ultraviolet rays proper to disinfection on the basis of the inflow amount of the water 1 to be treated
and executing the adjustment of the intensity of the ultraviolet rays including the control of the lights-
on or lights-out of an ultraviolet emission source on the basis of the intensity of the ultraviolet rays.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase a permeation flux as compared with a micro-filtration

membrane and an ultra-filtration membrane usually used for city water by reducing a filtration
resistance of raw water while accomplishing space-saving of a membrane module. ŽSOLUTION:
Raw water is taken-in and filtration is performed using a membrane module in which the membrane 1
using an anisotropic porous material is filled in a vessel 2 and integrated. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably operate a water treatment system containing a reverse osmosis 1
membrane apparatus over a long period of time by evaluating whether feed water to a reverse
osmosis membrane is acceptable or not simply and accurately at a short time. ŽSOLUTION: The
method of evaluating the feed water to the reverse osmosis membrane whether the feed water to the
reverse osmosis membrane apparatus is acceptable or not as the reverse osmosis membrane feed
water comprises the measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the reverse osmosis membrane
feed water and evaluating it from a result of the measured fluorescence intensity, wherein the
operation management of the water treatment system containing the reverse osmosis membrane
apparatus is carried out from this evaluation result. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water generating method which can efficiently remove 1
boron, and stably operate the apparatus when separating boron-containing water, such as seawater,
by a reverse osmosis membrane, and fresh water generating apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration apparatus by which excess injection of 1

a flocculating agent is prevented and clogging hardly occurs thanks to good flocculatio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing phosphorous by highly efficiently
flocculating and settling phosphorous in water. ŽSOLUTION: The method comprises converting
bivalent iron ions dissolved in water into a trivalent iron ion by a method such as a method of aerating
ozone from an ozone generator 4 in water, a method of irradiating them with ultraviolet light, a method
of irradiating them with ultraviolet light or sunlight in a state of contact with a photocatalyst, a method
of loading with an oxidant such as hypochlorous acid and a method of loading them with aerobic
bacteria after dissolving iron compounds such as ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric
chloride, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide and tritetra iron oxide in water inside a treatment tank 3, thereby
adsorbing phosphorous present in water to convert into water insoluble iron phosphate, and thereafter
removing iron phosphate. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a conjugate nano-filtering membrane removing scale 1

components selectively and sufficiently, and a method for producing water obtaining fresh water in a
high recovery rate and stably by effectively preventing the formation of the scale in producing the
fresh water by a distillation method of raw material water such as seawater, et

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polymeric porous hollow fiber membrane, which has a 1
sufficient strength not bringing about breaking or a leak at the time of molding of a module or actual
use while having an excellent fractionation characteristic and permeability of excellent fractionation
characteristics and permeability in an aqueous fluid treatment membrane such as tap water (purified
water) membrane, a beverage treatment membrane, a blood treatment membrane, etc., realizing
these capacities and characteristics and excellent in the recovery properties of membrane
characteristics due to washin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment filter that maintains a high purifying water 1
performance for a long period of time, eliminates clogging caused by suspended solids and can
perform an efficient backwashing for securing a sufficient flow amount of water in the purification of
water aiming at decomposing residual chlorine in a tap water and removing the suspended solids and
dissolved organic compounds contained in groundwater and underflow water that are tap water
sources. SOLUTION: The water treatment filter that is prepared by dry process and whose cylindrical
activated carbon section 2 is composed of an activated carbon fiber layer with molding density of 0.10
to 0.45 g/cm3, a filtering film section 3 with film thickness of 0.1 to 5.0 mm is disposed on the outer
layer of the section 2, and both substances are integrated thereon. Capture efficiency of fine particles
with a grain size of 10 to 0.05 ¼m is 90% or higher. The captured substances attached to the section
3 can be removed by backflowing a treating water or air to the section 3 from an inside of the section
2. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus and a membrane filtration 1

method for grasping a detection of occurrence and a degree of membrane contamination for
decreasing an effective membrane area causing a significant obstacle for a stable membrane filtration
operation, adjusting strength and frequency of cleaning depending on the membrane contamination,
enabling a long-term stable operation and being cost-effectiv

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow installation of a vertical membrane module unit even at a place 1
having a low ceiling. ŽSOLUTION: A housing 2 containing the vertical membrane module unit 10 is
held by a housing holding part 3. This housing holding part 3 comprises positioning the longitudinal
direction of the membrane module unit 10 substantially in a vertical direction when treated water is
extracted and holding the housing 2 so as to freely tilt such that the longitudinal direction of the
membrane module unit 10 can substantially be positioned in a horizontal direction when the
membrane module unit 10 is removed from the housing 2. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalination power generation plant capable of improving 1
heat efficiency of a power generation cycle in a power generation facility, capable of reducing power
of respective apparatuses, and capable of obtaining suitably refined freshwater. ŽSOLUTION: The
desalination power generation plant is constituted by the power generation facility 1 and a
desalination facility 2. The power generation facility 1 is provided with a boiler 11 to which first
seawater from the outside is introduced, a turbine 13 for generating the power, and a condenser 14.
In the power generation facility 1, a medium for power generation is circulated and moved through the
boiler 11, the turbine 13 and the condenser 14 in order. The desalination facility 2 is provided with a
seawater pump 19 for feeding second seawater of which temperature is lower than that of the first
seawater to the condenser 14, and a reverse osmosis membrane device 22 to which the second
seawater is fed from the condenser 14. The reverse osmosis membrane device 22 separates the
freshwater from the second seawater fed from the condenser 14 by a reverse osmosis membrane.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module with reduced disconnection and its 1
assembly metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier in which the work of fitting a filtration 1
membrane element in a membrane filtration part vessel or the operation of pulling out the filtration
membrane element can be facilitated and the space between original water and concentrated water
can be sealed satisfactorily when purified water is produced by using the filtration membrane element-
housed water purifie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve various problems such as a reduction in chemical load for water
treatment, prevention of oxidation of foods and bacteriostatic by highly modifying various raw water.
ŽSOLUTION: A water-quality modification measure comprises a water crushing step P of crushing
water to be treated 2 to form crushed water 8 in which a cluster by hydrogen bonding of water
molecule is decomposed, and a photochemical reaction step Q of irradiating this crushed water 8 with
ultraviolet rays partially containing a visible light area to excite a polar water molecule in resonance
vibration and making activated water high in hydrophily and hydration to other ion atoms and ion
molecules. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decarbonation device and method which enable the 1
excellent production of pure water by causing no mixture of gas, such as air, into permeated through a
decarbonation membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water cleaning module with which liquid-tightness between 1
a casing and a cap can be increased. SOLUTION: The water cleaning module of the present
invention has a casing 1 having a casing main body 11 which is cylindrically formed and has at least
one opening on the outer periphery face thereof, and a first flange part 12 provided at least one side
of the axial end parts of the casing main body 11; a separation membrane 4 for water cleaning
disposed within the casing; caps 2, 3 having a second flange part 22 corresponding to the first flange
12; a sealing member 6 disposed between the first and second flange parts 12, 22 and liquid-tightly
connecting both; and a clamp joint 7 holding the first and second flange parts. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method
capable of reducing an amount of chlorine used, in a chlorine oxidation treatment of ammonia
contained in raw water. ŽSOLUTION: The water treatment apparatus and water treatment method
can reduce an amount of chlorine used, by controlling pH of the raw water within a given range,
converting ammonia in the raw water to monochloramine by adding a chlorine agent, then
decomposing monochloramine by irradiating the chlorine-treated water with ultraviolet ray, in a
chlorine oxidation treatment of ammonia contained in raw water. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral membrane module which has a sufficient removal 1
rate even in a very low concentration zone, at the same time, has a long life, and further, has a high
membrane filling efficiency of the module, and a water treatment method using the spiral membrane
module. SOLUTION: An internal passage material 15 is inserted into a bag-like membrane 10 having
an opening on a side, and the opening is inserted into a slit 17 of a perforated tube 20 and bonded. A
plurality of bag-like membranes 10 are wound around the perforated tube 20 through an external
passage material 21 to form a spiral membrane module 26. The membrane module 26 is arranged in
a tank 40, an end of the perforated tube 20 is connected to an extraction tube 41, the other end of the
perforated tube 20 is closed up, water to be treated is pressure-fed from an inlet 42, and the process
water is brought out from the extraction tube 41. The bag-like membrane 10 is a membrane laminate
comprising a first flat membrane having an ion-exchange group, and a second flat membrane having
a removal function of fine particles. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a method and apparatus by which drinking water comprising 1
plant-derived mineral water regarded as having effect of activating human body functions and of
purifying blood can be always obtaine

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration process which removes soluble 1

manganese in filtration raw water and also enables a long-time stable operation without separately
requiring large-scaled facilities for removing manganese such as manganese sand in a membrane
filtration arrangement using a microfiltration module or an ultrafiltration modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method and apparatus which can 1
effectively prevent a biological deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane during operation by
using growth inhibition effect of chloramin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane contactor for which labor, time and cost of 1
manufacturing can be reduced by simplifying its form and to provide its manufacturing method.
SOLUTION: The membrane contactor 10 includes a housing 12 which has a closed end 14 and an
open end 16 and a stack of membrane mats each of which has a plurality of hollow fiber members
within the housing. The membrane mats 28 are stacked 26 perpendicularly in a longitudinal direction
of the housing. A potting material simultaneously bonds one end of the stack to the closed end and
bonds the other end of the stack to a cap and thereby defines an internal chamber 34 and at least one
external chamber 36 within the housing. The hollow fiber members extend from the internal chamber
34 through the potting material into the external chambers. An inlet port 22 and an outlet port 18 are in
communication with the internal chamber. At least one side port 24 is in communication with the
external chambers. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce stably and efficiently purified water having a low silica 1
concentration by reducing a silica load of water supplying to a subsequent deionizing device when
treating by introducing raw water to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment device, and supplying the
water permeated from the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device to an electrically regenerating
deionizing device or an ion exchange devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that water obtained by a conventional water
purifying method has an insufficient washing force and takes a lot of time even in dryin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable removal of microorganisms, such as cryptosporidium, and fine 1

particles which cannot be sufficiently removed by conventional filtration treatment, and suppression of
clogging of both a membrane and a filter medium layer, thereby reducing backwashing frequency,
backwashing time, and the amount of backwashing water and increasing their exchange lif

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that in the conventional two-stage reverse 1
osmosis membrane treatment method for returning the concentrated water from a reverse osmosis
membrane of the second stage to the water to be fed to the reverse osmosis membrane of the first
stage, the solute concentration in the water to be fed to the reverse osmosis membrane of the first
stage becomes higher when the solute concentration in the concentrated water from the reverse
osmosis membrane of the second stage is high and consequently the solute concentration in the
permeated water from the reverse osmosis membrane of the second stage becomes higher and in
the conventional method for treating the permeated water from a reverse osmosis membrane module
of the second stage with an adsorbing resin, the boron adsorption capacity per the amount of the
adsorbing resin is small and the efficiency is low since the boron concentration itself is low and
impurities eluted from the adsorbing resin are mixed in the treated water, the impurity-mixed treated
water is not suitable for drinking water and the arrangement of activated carbon is required to remove
the impuritie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separator, a membrane module and a 1

connection member which are light, compact, absorbable of a dimension error, and also cheaper, can
make the connection member and a housing of the membrane module or a liquid collecting header
slidable to connect them liquid-tightly, easily and surely, controls receiving attrition and scaring, and
can stably carry out a solid-liquid separation treatment over the long term. ŽSOLUTION: The
connection member for the solid-liquid separator connects the membrane module which has a lot of
hollow fibers with the liquid permeability arrayed in parallel and a pair of housings integratedly fixed so
that both end parts of the fibers are contained inside, respectively, and the liquid collecting header for
collecting a filtrate after a liquid to be treated is made to permeate the hollow fibers by an aspirator so
that a solid contained in the liquid is separated and removed, wherein this connection member has an
elastic seal part which liquid-tightly and slidably connects to a connection part with the housing of the
membrane module or the liquid collecting header, and a supporting member which keeps the distance
of the connection member and the liquid collecting header constant to control their mutual contact.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system in which the fluid to be treated can
be separated into solid content such as algae, broken pieces of a lamp or a protective tube and
mercury, which are contained in the fluid to be treated, and treated water and in the ultraviolet
irradiation apparatus of which the solid content such as algae is not accumulated. ŽSOLUTION:
Since the fluid to be treated is separated into the solid content contained in the fluid to be treated and
the treated water and solid content-containing waste water and the treated water are discharged
separately in the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 1, the fluid to be treated can be separated into the
solid content such as algae, broken pieces of the lamp or the protective tube and mercury, which are
contained in the fluid to be treated, and the treated water. Since the solid content is removed from the
waste water discharged from the ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 1 in a solid-liquid separation
apparatus 3, the solid content such as algae in the fluid to be treated can not be accumulated in the
ultraviolet irradiation apparatus 1. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtering method for obtaining permeated water 1
by membrane-filtering water to be treated like underground water, river water, lake water or secondary
treated water of sewage capable of stable membrane filtration operation over a long period by
reducing contamination of the membrane caused by continuous membrane filtration, and the
membrane filtering system realizing i

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter for water treatment which can allow the whole 1
membrane to contribute to a filtration substantially uniformly, and a filter module using the filter for
water treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet sterilization system which can surely sterilize an
inflow liquid by measuring and monitoring ultraviolet irradiatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifying device of a simple, small-sized, and 1

inexpensive construction, capable of easily switching the water quality levels of purified water
according to the objective of the use of the purified water in a water-quality oriented manner or in a
water-volume oriented manner. SOLUTION: The water purifying device comprises a water purifying
means provided with a reverse osmosis membrane 2 to separate raw water into a concentrate and a
permeate to supply the latter. The water purifying device further comprises a raw water supply
passage 11 for supplying the raw water to the reverse osmosis membrane 2, a permeate supply
passage 22a for supplying the permeate to the outside, an activated carbon filter 1 installed in the raw
water supply passage 11, a bypass passage 22b directly connecting the activated carbon filter 1 and
the permeate supply passage 22a by bypassing the reverse osmosis membrane 2, and a three-way
valve SV4 for switching the water supply only directly from the activated carbon filter 1 and the water
supply from both of the activated carbon filter 1 and the reverse osmosis membrane 2. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane having high 1

durability, high separation capacity and high water permeability, and a use thereo
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module washing method which enables the 1
uniform wash of a membrane module on the primary side. SOLUTION: When the primary side of the
membrane module 1 is washed, either of the following ways, A, B, and C, is used. A: only air is
supplied, and mixed with retained water in the membrane module 1 to perform washing in a gas-liquid
mixed phase state. B: after draining water from the membrane module 1, air is supplied, and mixed
with retained water slightly remaining in the membrane module 1 to perform gas-liquid washing (a
washing method with a large gas-liquid ratio), and finally washing liquid (for example, raw water) is
supplied to push out and remove a dirty component from piping 18. C: raw water and air are supplied
to the membrane module 1 at the same time to perform washing in a gas-liquid mixed phase state. In
each of the washing ways, A, B, and C, P2>(P1-P2). COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water production apparatus including means which
can sufficiently remove a urea-like nitrogen compound from in water to be treated having a dilute
urea-like nitrogen compound concentration by relatively simple facilities. SOLUTION: In the pure
water production apparatus having an ultraviolet oxidation apparatus 4 irradiating the water to be
treated with an ultraviolet ray, the water to be treated contains the urea-like nitrogen compound, and a
urea-like nitrogen compound adsorption apparatus 3 having a urea-like nitrogen compound adsorbent
such as oxycellulose and a phenol resin adsorbing the urea-like nitrogen compound is provided at the
front or the rear step of the ultraviolet oxidation apparatus 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis membrane module causing little corrosion 1
of a permeating water nozzle and having superior durability, even if the permeating water of the
reverse osmosis membrane is highly corrosive, as in a case of desalination of sea water or treatment
of an acidic aqueous solutio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for recovering a performance of a permselective 1

membrane that is effective in preventing membrane contamination and degradation of the quality of
permeated water and in enhancing the removability of silica and the like in a noncharged state in a
neutral region by reducing a permeation flux to a proper range with regard to a nanofiltration
membrane or reverse osmosis membrane with anion charge that has the permeation flux increased
by being used for water treatment as a permselective membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification device which has a high purification
function with a simple structure. ŽSOLUTION: The water purification device 1 includes a water
treatment tank 3 for storing raw water introduced from an introduction port 9 and leading out the raw
water from a lead-out port 11, an ultraviolet lamp 5 disposed in the water treatment tank 3, and a filter
7 formed in a cylindrical shape and inserting the ultraviolet lamp 5 through the center. In the filter 7,
titanium oxide is carried by a base material 23, and a number of water passing holes 25 are formed.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module of an immersion filtration 1

system easy in exchange work of a bundle of hollow fiber membrane
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology which can efficiently remove bacteria from a 1
filtration means without using a poison, such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, in a water
treatment apparatus having the function of filtering out raw water. SOLUTION: The water treatment
apparatus 1 comprises a strong acid water generation part 17 comprising an electrolytic cell having a
cathode chamber and an anode chamber partitioned by an ion-permeable diaphragm for
accommodating an electrolyte-loaded electrolytic solution, a cathode disposed in the cathode
chamber and an anode disposed in the anode chamber, and a voltage applying part for applying a
direct current voltage across the cathode and the anode, a strong acid water injection passage 18
connecting the strong acid water generation part 17 and the raw water inlet side of a reverse osmosis
membrane module 2 for injecting strong acid water generated in the strong acid water generation part
17 into the reverse osmosis module 2 housing a reverse osmosis membrane, and electrometers V1,
V5 for measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the strong acid water passing through the
reverse osmosis membrane module 2. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems that a hollow fiber membrane in an opposing part of a 1
case outer peripheral opening part serving as a fluid inlet/outlet port is apt to be damaged by direct
impact of water stream, and there is requirement of confirming the damage state and pollution state
by direct visual observation of the hollow fiber membrane at this par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a reliable technique for an electrolytic water treatment 1

method for removing impurities dissolving or dispersing in water utilizing a flocculating effect of metal
ions generated by the electrolysis using a metal electrode and also for simply removing a metal ion
hydroxide generated excessively from the water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow porous film which is less costly and shows an 1
excellent adhesion between a support and a porous film layer, and a manufacturing method which
enables the manufacture of the hollow porous film at a low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method and a water treatment apparatus, 1
which ensure a high organic matter removing effect while effectively preventing flux lowering or
biofouling caused by organic matter pollution of an RO (reverse osmosis) membrane, when supplying
raw water to an RO apparatus and treating i

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly durable reverse osmosis membrane module 1

equipped with a nozzle hardly corrodible even in treating a highly corrosive liquid, for example in
desalinating sea water and in treating an acidic aqueous solutio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact water purification cartridge of high capacity having 1
no dead space for changing the flow direction of water therein, capable of being assembled by a
reduced number of parts and maximizing the filling space of an adsorbent or a hollow fiber
membrane. SOLUTION: The water purification cartridge 1 has a raw water inflow port 11 and a
purified water outflow port 21 and internally equipped with an adsorbent bed 70 and hollow fiber
membrane bundles 60. A hollow fiber membrane case 40 wherein the hollow fiber membrane bundles
are bundled in a U shape and sealed and fixed at the end parts thereof is arranged in the water
purification cartridge almost uniaxially, a cylindrical body 30 is arranged in the cylindrical space
formed between the outside of the hollow fiber membrane case and the inner wall of the water
purification cartridge, the adsorbent bed 70 is provided in the almost cylindrical space formed
between the hollow fiber membrane case and the cylindrical body and a gap forming member 32 for
forming flow channels is provided between the cylindrical body and the inner wall of the water
purification cartridge. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet disinfection instrument capable of safely and

precisely disinfecting treated water with ultraviolet rays by allowing no foreign matters to get mixed in
the treated water. ŽSOLUTION: The ultraviolet disinfection instrument is equipped with a dielectric
tube 7 pervious to ultraviolet rays and permitting the treated water to flow in and the ultraviolet ray
source 6 arranged outside the dielectric tube 7. The ultraviolet ray source 6 comprises a light
emission tube 10 having a double glass tube structure which surrounds the whole outside periphery of
the dielectric tube 7. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system comprising a membrane filtration 1

apparatus loaded with a chemical agent in an amount corresponding to the flow rate of a make-up
water supplied to the membrane filtration apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that no mineral component is contained in 1

conventional hydrogen water containing hydrogen for removing active oxygen to develop no effect of
an active oxygen removing effect or above while almost no hydrogen is contained in water obtained
by desalted seawater, and that a very small amount of an element in seawater is reduced by the
desalination process such as a reverse osmosis treatment or the like. SOLUTION: Hydrogen is
injected in water obtained by desalting seawater to be dissolved in the water in a hydrogen
concentration of 0.2-5.0 ppm, preferably 0.4-1.3 ppm to provide functional water characterized in that
oxidation-reduction potential is -50 to -800 mV, preferably -200 to -700 mV. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic halide-type compound removal filter excellent in 1

the removal performance with respect to an organic halide based compound, particularly keeping the
removal performance even in high SV condition without deterioration and having low pressure loss
while maintaining removal performance of residual chlorine and moldy odor which is required for a
water purifier. SOLUTION: The organic halide based compound removal filter is obtained by heat
treatment of a mixture of fibrous activated carbon having a specific surface area of meso fine pores
with a pore diameter of 20 + or more and less than 500 + from 100 to 2,500 m2/g, a specific surface
area of micro fine pores with a pore diameter of less than 20 + from 600 to 2,500 m2/g, and the ratio
of the meso fine pore volume to the entire fine pore volume from 10 to 40% with a heat fusible fiber
and is a molded body having an apparent density of 0.25 to 0.60 g/cm3. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2008,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for treating water, wherein 1,4-
dioxane-containing water to be treated is cleaned satisfactorily. ŽSOLUTION: A plurality of granular
adsorbing materials 2 each having a photocatalyst 5 on the surface are packed inside a treatment
tank 1 to form a filter bed 3. The 1,4-dioxane-containing water to be treated is made to pass through
the filter bed 3 to adsorb 1,4-dioxane and organic filthy substances on the granular absorbing
materials 2. The resulting granular adsorbing materials 2 at the bottom of the filter bed 3 are conveyed
to the upper part of the filter bed 3 by a conveying means 31. The resulting granular adsorbing
materials 2 being conveyed by the conveying means 31 and/or conveyed to the upper part of the filter
bed 3 are irradiated with ultraviolet rays emitted from an ultraviolet lamp 4 so that a photocatalytic
reaction is advanced on the resulting granular adsorbing materials 2 irradiated with ultraviolet rays to
produce an OH radical, the 1,4-dioxane and organic filthy substances adsorbed on the resulting
granular adsorbing materials 2 are decomposed oxidatively by the OH radical and the granular
adsorbing materials 2 are regenerated. The used granular adsorbing materials 2 are regenerated
frequently and the regenerated granular adsorbing materials are used successively as new materials.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for efficiently carrying out a blocking-rate enhancing 1
treatment of a permeable membrane by swiftly and accurately carrying out the judgment on the
enhanced blocking rate without suspending the blocking-rate enhancing treatment, whereby
excessive consumption of a blocking-rate enhancing agent, an insufficient treatment and the like can
be prevente

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification system capable of efficiently decomposing

the substance to be decomposed included in the water to be treated without using many ultraviolet
lamp

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To set the flow of the treated water from a filter membrane part to a 1
predetermined flow in a time as short possible when the operation of a water supply pump for
supplying water to the filter membrane part is started and to suppress overshoot or undershoot quantit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus capable of preventing the 1

retention of impurities such as residue to maintain a filtration performance over long periods.
SOLUTION: The membrane separation apparatus is characterized in that hollow fiber membrane
elements 10 plurally arranged are covered by a casing 20, and in that the upper part of a side wall 33
corresponding to a side face part in the arrangement direction of the hollow fiber membrane elements
10 of this casing 20 is provided with an opening part 35 for letting air generated from a diffusion
generator 15 to the outside of the casing 20. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain simultaneously safety improvement of ultraviolet irradiation

treated water and energy saving by optimizing automatically an ultraviolet irradiation amount, even
when the water quality of water to be treated is change
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus which are suitable for decomposing
1,4-dioxane by irradiation with only ultraviolet light to decompose 1,4-dioxane continuously and
instantaneously without using ozone or hydrogen peroxide and to supply potable water, and can
minimize energy consumption necessary for the decomposition of 1,4-dioxan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration method and a membrane filtration 1

apparatus by which good membrane filtration water quality can be maintained and membrane
differential pressure rising rate can be reduced and further consumption of a flocculant can be
suppresse

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating salt water, by which concentrated salt 1
water generated as waste in the desalination by a reverse osmosis method using low concentration
salt water such as seawater can be effectively utilized and the amount of the waste can be drastically
reduced, and at the same time, crystallized salt or high concentration salt water obtained from
seawater is made possible to be used as a raw material for a salt electrolysis proces

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform stable treatment over a long period of time by preventing a 1
deterioration of flux of an RO membrane in water treatment comprising the process of desalting
industrial water with an RO membrane, especially in a method where industrial water is treated with
an RO membrane in order to produce pure water or ultrapure wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter replaced easily, half-cut easily to be fed into an 1
incinerator, and allowing incineration, in order to reduce a radioactive waste increasing now
continuously, as much as possible, and a filter assembly thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating boron-containing water by which 1

carbonic acid is beforehand economically and efficiently removed, thus boron is efficiently
concentrated and separated so as to obtain a concentrated liquid having a high boron concentration
and a penetrated liquid having a low boron concentration in a treatment method by which boron-
containing water comprising carbonic acid is separated into the boron-concentrated liquid and the
penetrated liquid using a reverse osmosis membrane proces

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration module and a filtration unit capable of suppressing 1
the closure of a film and executing efficient filtration over a long period of time by effectively
preventing the deposition of suspended matters at the end especially of a hollow fiber membrane.
SOLUTION: In the filtration module 1 in which the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 2 disposed in a
horizontal direction in raw water W are bundled at the end part 2A and fixed to a fixing part 3, an
aeration means 5 is disposed under the end part 2A of the bundled hollow fiber membrane 2. Also,
such a filtration module 1 is defined as the filtration module 1 of the bottom stage at least of the
filtration unit 11 in which the plurality of filtration modules 1, 14 are piled up while the fixing parts 3 of
the filtration modules are arranged in a vertical direction. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a membrane filtration apparatus, 1
which is simplified in operation control, and enables the apparatus to be simplified and miniaturized.
SOLUTION: In the operation method of the membrane filtration apparatus, which is formed by
installing a plurality of membrane modules 1A to 1J in parallel, the cleaning step and a stationary step
are alternatively performed. In the cleaning step, all the membrane modules 1A to 1J are cleaned with
cleaning water, and in the stationary step, the supply of raw water to most of the membrane modules
1B to 1J is resumed to perform filtration operation, and the remaining membrane module 1A is kept at
a filtration membrane immersed state, in which the filtration membrane is immersed in the cleaning
water. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning method and a filter apparatus which can reduce 1
lowering of the efficiency of filtering and the performance of the apparatus associated with
deterioration of the membrane due to repeated cleaning with a chemical by decreasing the number of
times of cleaning with a chemical. SOLUTION: The filter apparatus has a filter 10 containing a hollow
fiber membrane 100 which turns into being hydrophilic or hydrophobic depending upon changes of
the temperature and/or pH of water supplied and becomes hydrophilic when target raw water is
supplied, and a backwashing water production machine 16 which generates raw water for
backwashing changing the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 100 into being hydrophilic and
supplies the raw water for backwashing to the filter 10 in backwashing the hollow fiber membrane by
filtering the raw water so as to remove suspended matter 200 on the surface of the hollow fiber
membrane. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treating apparatus which is excellent in membrane 1

exchange workability, with respect to the water treating apparatus which has simplified structure and
ensures easy membrane exchang

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet water treatment apparatus and a monitoring

device thereof capable of preventing flow out of glass pieces, mercury and treated water having
contacted mercury to a post stage of the ultraviolet water treatment apparatus, even if an unexpected
state happen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a degassing composite hollow fiber membrane not causing 1
leak of a chemical liquid at the time of degassing, excellent in solvent resistance or low elution
properties, large in the permeation flow rate of a gas such as oxygen or nitrogen and capable of
forming a compact apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accelerated oxidation treatment apparatus capable of

enhancing the decomposition efficiency of organic matters in the water to be treated, enabling the
effective utilization of ozone, and further miniaturizing the apparatus, by securing a proper amount of
ozone injection and a proper exposure with ultraviolet rays according to the state of the water to be
treate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely exterminate cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans 1
and Lactobacillus living in a biofilm by setting the pH satisfactory to both decalcification and disinfectio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent lowering of membrane filtering performance as a whole 1

immersion flat membrane filter by preventing lowering of membrane filtering performance due to
contamination of a membrane elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To extend the life of a membrane cartridge by inhibiting biofouling during 1
membrane treatment with a reverse osmosis membrane or a nanofiltration membrane and preventing
deterioration of a membrane functioning layer due to residual chlorine in tap water, realize long life,
power saving, and high safety, and prevent contamination in a water storage tank storing membrane
filtrate for a long period of time in a water purifier where water is treated with activated carbon and
then filtered with a reverse osmosis membrane or a nanofiltration membrane, and the membrane
filtrate is stored in the water storage tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus and a membrane 1

separation method capable of preventing supply of supplied water containing an oxidizing agent to a
semi-permeable membrane without supplying an excess amount of a reducing agen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a deterioration in the membrane separation performance of 1

the reverse osmosis membrane by removing a soluble organic matter in water to be treated and
thereby attempt during long-period stabilization of the membrane separation performance.
SOLUTION: A fresh water producing method is characterized by filtering target water, e.g. biologically
reactive water or marine water mixed with sewage, with a reverse osmosis membrane so as to
remove ions in the target water. After having passed through a ceramic-made nano-filter-membrane
14, as a pretreatment of the reverse osmosis membrane 12, to remove soluble organic matter, the
target water is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane 12 to remove ions in the target water.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multicomponent composite separation membrane and its 1

manufacturing method. SOLUTION: The multicomponent composite separation membrane includes
an activation layer and a supporting layer, wherein the activation layer is present in the outside of both
sides of the membrane and the supporting layer is present in the inside. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desalting device capable of equalizing the quantity and 1
quality of produced water regardless of the temperature of raw water through a year, reducing the
running cost and improving operation rat
PURPOSE: To economize the conservation of water quality by a method in which highly clarified 1
water in a highly clarified water returning line is backed intermittently to one or more of precise filters
and washing waste water is partly discharged from a drain port provided in a precise filtering and
circulation lin

[From equivalent WO2006125263] The invention provides a process for producing a desalinated 1
aqueous liquid. The process comprising passing a degassed aqueous liquid (115) through a reverse
osmosis membrane (110).The process may additionally comprise the step of degassing an aqueous
liquid (105) to produce the degassed aqueous liquid (115).

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an effective cleaning method of a hollow fiber membrane 1

module used for membrane filtering of water containing dissolved manganese. SOLUTION: In the
cleaning method of the hollow fiber membrane module 3 used for membrane filtering of water
containing dissolved manganese, the module is cleaned by backwashing with water not containing
dissolved manganese but containing an oxidizer, then subjected to backwash cleaning with water
containing a reducer. Filtrate of the hollow fiber membrane module subjected to manganese removing
treatment or reverse osmosis membrane treatment is used as the water not containing dissolved
manganese but containing the oxidizer. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a composite semipermeable membrane having a high 1

calcium removal rate, a high TDS removal rate, and a high water permeabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an osmotic pressure permeation membrane converting 1

seawater to fresh wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a composite semi-permeable membrane having high 1

blocking performance against boron not dissociated in a neutral regio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus which prevents a 1

separation membrane semi-permeable membrane and piping and the like constituting a permeating
liquid passage from being damaged owing to the operation error of a valv
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separation treatment apparatus which effectively 1
peels the adherend on the surface of a membrane to suppress a fall in the flux density of a membrane
filtering speed or a rise in membrane difference pressure and reducing the work labor such as lifting
labor or the like required when the membrane is washed with chemicals or replaced, and a solid-liquid
separation treatment system. SOLUTION: The solid-liquid separation treatment apparatus is
equipped with a casing 12 having an inflow port 20 of water to be treated, an outflow port 10 of
concentrated water and an outflow port 14 of filtered water, an ascending flow producing part for
converting the inflow water to be treated to an ascending flow in the casing 12, flat membrane
modules 24 arranged so as to allow the ascending flow to flow through the gap between the flat
membrane modules 24, sedimentary carriers 18 sealed in the casing 12, smaller than the distance
between the membrane modules 24 and having a specific gravity of 1.2-3.0 and a sedimentation flow
channel 28 for sedimenting the sendimentary carriers 18 rising the gap between the flat membrane
modules 24 by the ascending flow. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter which need not have a power source etc. for the 1
purpose of flowing back a liquid to be treated and can backwash a membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet oxidation device where the decomposition-away

of TOC components in the water to be treated can be efficiently performed. SOLUTION: In the
ultraviolet oxidation device where organic matter contained in the water to be treated is subjected to
oxidative decomposition treatment using ultraviolet rays, the device comprises: an ultraviolet ray
irradiation means; at least one reaction section where the water to be treated is irradiated with
ultraviolet rays, so as to subject organic matter to oxidative decomposition; a photocatalytic filter; and
a flow passage allowing the water to be treated to pass through the photocatalytic filter, and wherein,
TOC components in the water to be treated can be efficiently decomposed away. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for improving the blocking rate of a permeable 1
membrane, which can increase the blocking rate against inorganic matter and organic matter with flux
of the permeable membrane kept high, particularly against organic matter of a low molecular weight,
and thus to realize a high removing effect against organic matter, particularly organic matter of a low
molecular weight, and stable treatment over a long period, and a permeable membrane, a permeable
membrane treatment method, and a permeable membrane apparatus. SOLUTION: After high
temperature treatment of bringing the permeable membrane into contact with high temperature water
of 35-98°C, the permeable membrane is cooled, and brought into contact with a blocking rate
increasing agent consisting of a water soluble polymer like a compound having a polyalkylene glycol
chain, for applying processing for improving the blocking rate of the permeable membrane.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtering operation method which can maintain stable 1
filtration performanc
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a purified water manufacturing apparatus wherein retention of 1
raw water or purified water is reduced to suppress propagation of bacteria and development of
endotoxin, maintenance and management of the apparatus is easy and service life of active carbon
filter can be made longer by preventing compaction of active carbon while maintaining manufacturing
amount of obtained purified water. SOLUTION: The purified water manufacturing apparatus is
equipped with a first boosting means for boosting the raw water, a residual chlorine removing means
for removing residual chlorine by filtering the raw water boosted by the first boosting means with the
active carbon, a second boosting means which boosts the raw water where the residual chlorine is
removed and which is different from the first boosting means, a water softening means for softening
the raw water boosted by the second boosting means by a nanofiltration membrane, and a refining
means for obtaining the purified water by filtering the softened raw water with a reverse osmosis
membrane. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve ultraviolet irradiation efficiency by efficiently swirling water to

be treated even when treating a large amount of the wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation water treatment apparatus capable of

effectively removing soiling on the surface of an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus by ultrasonic wav

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane device capable of assuring a smooth flow of a 1

treatment liquid and realizing a reduction of costs by avoiding the deformation of a treatment liquid
passage by a tightening pressure even if a membrane supporting plate and a lid are made of an
inexpensive general purpose resi

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treating method suitable for regenerating sewage like 1
factory wastewater containing biodegradable organic matter as a main component, causing less
fouling in a nanofiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane, like particularly an organic acid
or hydrocarbon, by the nanofiltration membrane or reverse osmosis membrane, and a water treating
method suppressing fouling by organism metabolite at the nanofiltration membrane and/or reverse
osmosis membrane, and keeping a biological treatment facility compact, in this water treating metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide users with water suitable for potable water at low cost without 1
wasting tap water supplied from a water purifying plan
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a composite semi-permeable membrane enabling 1
unreacted components to be efficiently removed therefrom without impairing the solute removing
performance, leaving little residue of the unreacted component

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent abnormality and trouble causing an ultraviolet water treatment
system to shut dow

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for filtering raw water for drinking water capable of 1
effectively removing an organic material such as a musty smell substance in the raw water for the
drinking water, requiring no washing pump nor a back wash tank for washing a suspended matter etc.
adhering to a filter mediu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous membrane hardly degrading its water permeability 1
even when being dried after water treatment, and to provide a method capable of manufacturing the
porous membrane with hardly degrading the water permeability even when being dried after water
treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To wash a membrane module of a membrane filtration apparatus with a 1

chemical solution at site, and to minimize an amount of chemical waste liquid of high concentration
caused by chemical washin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably operate a cleaning device for a lamp protecting tube and an
illumination meter protecting tub

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system which efficiently and stably 1
produces treated water used for drinking water and the like while preventing dirt of a reverse osmosis
membrane by switching the concentrated water-circulating passages of a reverse osmosis membrane
device (RO membrane device) according to the salt concentration of raw wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a blocking rate for inorganic, organic matter with a 1
permeation flux of a permeation membrane kept high, to keep the improved effect high, to thereby
heighten removing effect of salts, organic matter and silica, allowing stable treatment over a long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow capsule structure in which electronic conductivity is 1

good, a specific surface is large, and mass transfer is easy, and a method of manufacturing the same.
ŽSOLUTION: This invention relates to the hollow capsule structure and its manufacturing method,
and the hollow capsule structure has an outer shell containing nano pores of a globular shape. The
hollow capsule structure by this invention is one in which the interconnection of the pores is carried
out, electronic conductivity is good, and a specific surface is wide. Further, mass transfer is easy by
the capillarity by the nano pores contained in the outer shell. The hollow capsule structure can be
utilized widely in various fields such as a catalyst carrier, a support medium for carbon nanotubes
growth, an active material, a conductive agent, a separating agent, a deodorant, a water-purifying
agent, an adsorbent, a matter for forming an emitter layer for a display, and a filter. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2009,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of a membrane filter apparatus for 1

preventing the lowering of a backwashing effect and enhancing the washing force to a pollutant in
membrane pores. SOLUTION: In the inner pressure type membrane filter apparatus equipped with a
filter device using a hollow fiber membrane and chemicals adding and backwashing device of the
hollow fiber membrane, the filtration in filtering treatment is performed under pressure not exceeding
the expansion starting pressure of the hollow fiber membrane until the period immediately before the
hollow fiber membrane is subjected to chemicals adding and washing treatment using the chemicals
adding and backwashing device. Immediately before the hollow fiber membrane is subjected to the
chemicals adding and washing treatment using the chemicals adding and backwashing device, the
filtration in filtering treatment is performed using water sending pressure of hollow fiber membrane
expanding start pressure abnormality. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet ray water treating apparatus capable of

obtaining a plurality of different levels of water quality. SOLUTION: The ultraviolet ray water treating
apparatus is provided with: an ultraviolet ray irradiation tank 1 having a flow-in passage 5 and a flow-
out passage 7 and passing water to be treated flowing in from the flow-in passage 5; an ultraviolet ray
source 2 irradiating the water to be treated with ultraviolet ray; a protective material 3 preventing
direct contact of the water to be treated with the ultraviolet ray source 2 and permeating ultraviolet ray;
and one or more branch flow passages extracting treated water from the ultraviolet ray irradiation tank
1 provided between the flow-in passage 5 and flow-out passage 7. The water to be treated in the
ultraviolet ray irradiation tank between the flow-in passage and flow-out passage is irradiated with
ultraviolet ray for different time. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus excellent in efficiency and 1

economical properties which is capable of efficiently conducting the filtration membrane separation,
and which easily prevents the cloggings of the surface of a membrane even if the operating pressure
made to act on a raw water side is low, and to provide a desalination treatment metho
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system in which the cost for cleaning water 1
is reduced and in which the rate of effective utilization of raw water is improved by efficiently sterilizing
drained water generated in a process of back washing of a separation membrane treatment to make
recyclable water. SOLUTION: The water treatment system includes: a raw water tank 2 housing raw
water; a separation membrane module 3 having a separation membrane separating and removing
foreign matters in the raw water; a feed pump P1 feeding the raw water and a filtered water tank 4; a
backwashpump P2 making filtered water flow backward from the filtered water tank to a separation
membrane module; a valve and a flow passage switching the flow of water between a normal
direction and a reverse direction;a controller 9 back washing a separation membrane by stopping the
feed of the raw water from the raw water tank to the separation membrane module and changing the
valve and the flow passage to a reverse direction, feeding filtering water from the filtered water tank to
the separation membrane module, and cleaning back washing waste water treating means 5, 6, 7, 8
treating back washing waste water generated by back washing of the separation membrane and
returning it to the raw water tank. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration module which endures use at high temperature and 1
is capable of using broad kinds of cleaning liquid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus and method which can inhibit a 1
decrease in the flow rate of permeate through a pretreatment filtration means and a decrease in the
flow rate of permeate through a reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration apparatus capable of preventing the mutual contact 1
of hollow fibers arranged densely in an X-direction and a Y-directio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation unit permitting intermittent aeration 1

operation by a simple constitution without installing a special control system. SOLUTION: The
membrane separation unit includes a binding section 6 fixing the end sections of a plurality of hollow
fiber membranes 3 and having an aeration opening 5 formed in a position avoiding the binding
position of the end sections of the hollow fiber membranes, a base member 7 in contact with the
binding section to form an air chamber below the binding section and an aeration pipe 8 discharging
bubbles 16 in the interior of the base member. The base member comprises a partition plate 7a
partitioning a first air chamber 9 formed below the binding section and a second air chamber 10
formed below the first air chamber from each other, a pumping pipe 11 penetrating the partition plates
to allow the first and second air chambers to communicate with each other, an auxiliary pipe 12
having one end connected to communicate with the pumping pipe in the second air chamber, the
other end branched from the pumping pipe and a bottom end 12a positioned at a height higher by a
height h than the height of a bottom end 11a of the pumping pipe and an auxiliary pipe covering outer
pipe 13 suitable for the outer circumference of the auxiliary pipe with a specified space. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2009,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet water treatment facility capable of reducing the
number of microorganisms in the treated water after irradiated with visible light at a water distribution
destination or discharge destination, to a target number or less; and to provide its ultraviolet dose
controlle

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a catchment block for an immersion type flat membrane unit 1
where the constitution of piping fitted to an immersion type flat membrane unit used for water
treatment for sewage, industrial drainage or the like is improve

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter having a large specific surface area, and a liquid 1
treatment method using this filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus in which the

exchangeability of an electrodeless lamp is improved and a microwave is emitted efficiently toward
the electrodeless lamp to improve the properties of a flui

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide water treatment equipment that combines a reaction vessel 1
utilizing granular active carbon or the like as a microorganism carrier with an immersion membrane
separation unit to materialize compactness, energy saving and high degradation efficiency, and to
provide a method of water treatment using the water treatment equipment. SOLUTION: In the water
treatment equipment, a reaction vessel adapted to aerate water to be treated with the use of the
microorganism carrier is integrated with a membrane separation vessel equipped with the immersion
membrane separation unit capable of membrane separation of the treated water from the reaction
vessel. The water treatment equipment is characterized in that the reaction vessel and the membrane
separation vessel are divided from each other by a first partition with an open lower end part and are
communicated to each other by the open part, that the reaction vessel is divided by a second partition
with open upper end and lower end parts into a pre-stage region provided with a first air diffuser in the
lower part and a post-stage region adjacent to the membrane separation vessel via the first partition,
and in that the bottom of the reaction vessel is inclined so that the height thereof is increased as
approaching the membrane separation vessel from the pre-stage region. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing a bacterium for decomposing an 1

object substance to be purified, which makes a bacterium for decomposing an object substance to be
purified dominant in a system, to provide an agent for purifying underground water and/or soil using
the preparation method and a purification metho
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact separation membrane module for filtration having 1
a large effective membrane area per unit volume, superior durability against backwashing, while
providing a high filtration flow flux over a long perio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple water treating method and a water treatment 1
apparatus suppressing clogging of a membrane by manganese, when performing membrane-filtering
of raw water containing dissolvable manganese. SOLUTION: The water treatment apparatus is
provided with a membrane filtration means 12 performing membrane-filtering of the raw water 1
containing the dissolvable manganese, an oxidizing agent adding means 14 adding the oxidizing
agent 24 to membrane filtrate 22 by the membrane filtration means 12, and a manganese removing
means 16 removing manganese contained in treating water by passing the treating water by the
oxidizing agent adding means 14 through a manganese removal device with a manganese removing
agent packed therein. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fibers for a filter with a high specific surface area, a bobbin 1
type filter made by winding the fibers, and a water treatment method using the bobbin type filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet disinfection device for uniformly irradiating water
to be treated flowing through a treatment tank with ultraviolet radiatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flocculation-membrane filtration method for stably achieving 1

suppression of membrane fouling and improvement of treatment water quality while suppressing the
injection amount of a flocculan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce equipment cost and running cost required when by-product 1
water generated as a by-product of liquid hydrocarbon in the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process is purified
and converted into water which can be used for various purpose

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sea water desalination apparatus capable of satisfactorily 1

eliminating turbid components in seawater and suppressing a decrease in filtration efficiency with time
in a filtration means even when simplifying a pretreatment means, and further, simplifying and
miniaturizing the apparatus and preventing the deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane by using
a prescribed pressurizing mean
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment technology which can efficiently clean a 1
filter for filtering treated water. SOLUTION: A water treatment apparatus is used which includes a
bubble generating means (a bubble generating portion 42) which generates micro-nano bubbles or
nanobubbles in the treated water, a treatment tank (a second tank 15) into which the treated water
after generating the micro-nano bubbles or nanobubbles is introduced, carriers 16 which have pores,
are made of polyvinyl alcohol, and provided contactably with the treated water introduced into the
treatment tank, a filter 25 which is installed in the treatment tank and filters the treated water in the
treatment tank to prepare water to be treated, and a fluidizing means (a second aeration means 19
and a submerged agitator 58) which is installed in the treatment tank and fluidizes the carriers 16 so
that the carriers 16 flow while contacting the filter 25. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which makes it possible to easily perform 1
exchange work in a short time without making accumulated water overflow and wet the surroundings
of the water purifier when exchanging the cartridge of a filter medium or a filter membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems that, while a water purifier for which a filter 1
medium is housed in a cartridge and the plurality of cartridges are connected and used is economical
since the filter medium of each cartridge can be used to the end of its service life, there is a limit in
miniaturization since it is needed to set a rack with a receiving part for supporting the cartridge, and
especially it cannot be turned to a size to be directly installed to the faucet of tap wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure reliability and to prolong the lifetime of a seawater desalination 1
device by preventing wear caused by the friction of a power recovery chamber so as to suppress the
generation of abrasion powder, and to decrease the friction loss of the power recovery chamber and
reduce the cost of the chambe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an method of inline-cleaning an immersion type membrane 1

separation device, capable of cleaning the surface of a separation-membrane of a separation-
membrane module, without causing a significant decrease in the activity of a microorganis

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method of aggregation conditions efficient for stable 1
and long term operation when filtering water through a porous membrane of which the zeta potential
of a membrane surface is negative in aggregation pH in a method for filtering water through the
porous membrane after aggregating raw wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure the stable amount of feed water even if a cross flow rate is 1
changed, facilitate control of residual chlorine concentration in the feed water, and reduce the amount
of fouling material accumulating on the membrane surface of a membrane module in a cross flow
membrane filtration metho
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite semi-permeable membrane with little remaining 1
amount of a negative ion surfactant, suppressing an elution amount of the negative ion surfactant
from the membrane module to the minimum, even at an initial period of operation of a membrane
separation apparatus, causing no malodor nor foaming, and can produce safe drinking water, and a
method for manufacturing of the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high efficiency ultraviolet irradiation water treatment device
wherein proper ultraviolet irradiance is secured, the flow out of broken pieces of a lamp without being
separated and recovered when the lamp is broken is prevented and the cost is reduce

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology which uses strongly acidic water generated from 1
an electrolytic water generator for washing a reverse osmosis membrane, and sends and adds
strongly alkaline water generated simultaneously from the electrolytic water generator to a branch
passage as a membrane circulation system to remove boron by the reverse osmosis membrane,
thereby reducing the boron concentration to a drinking water standard value or les

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain stable water quality regardless of the influence of a change in 1
water quality of raw water and aged deterioration of a membrane of a reverse osmosis membrane
modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier the durability of whose component to be used 1
in electrolysis can be prevented from being deteriorated while improving the quality of reductive water
to be produced by dissolving hydrogen gas in purified water containing a mineral component.
ŽSOLUTION: The water purifier comprises: a purified water filter 30 for filtering original water to form
purified water containing the mineral component; a first water tank 40 for receiving a part of the
formed purified water and storing the received purified water; an intake faucet 12 arranged for
withdrawing the stored purified water to the outside; a second water tank 50 for receiving distilled
water formed by filtering the remainder of the purified water formed in the purified water filter 30 and
storing the received distilled water; an ion exchange resin filter 90 arranged between the purified
water filter 30 and the second water tank 50 in order to form distilled water; and a hydrogen supply
pipe 70 arranged for supplying the hydrogen generated from an electrolysis apparatus 60 to the first
water tank 40. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology of sealingly fixing microfiltration membranes 1

having asymmetric structure and high performance by a centrifugal molding metho
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fresh water supply method or system (apparatus) capable 1
of satisfying various standards, regulations, or requirements, in a method or desalination system
using a reverse osmosis membrane modul

PURPOSE: To give a membrane which has been stored in a dry state a permeability as high as that of 1
a wet membrane by simply passing water directly therethrough without applying ethanol treatment
thereto by, in a porous membrane for water treatment, etc., attaching sucrose-fatty acid ester to at
least one portion of porous surface of the membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and apparatus excellent economically and 1

environmentally for producing refined water capable of efficiently sterilizing the apparatus with hot
water and thereby reducing a sterilizing time as well as heat energy used for producing hot wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide effective pretreatment method and device in a desalting 1

system or method utilizing a reverse osmosis membrane module, and to provide a fresh water feed
system or method which can reply to various standards, regulations or requirement

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation method of adding a coagulant to water to be 1

treated of an immersion type membrane separation device and water to be treated of a media
filtration device so as to provide the optimal concentration for both of the immersion type membrane
separation device and the media filtration device, in combined filtration equipment in which the
membrane permeated water and media filtrated water are obtained at the same time by jointly using
the immersion type membrane separation device and the media filtration devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module allowing easy exfoliation of 1
suspended matter from the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane during cleaning of the hollow
fiber membrane, allowing easy discharge of the exfoliated suspended matter to the outside of the
hollow fiber membrane module, and having a superior long term durability in the physical strength of
the modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation water treatment device which can
ensure proper ultraviolet irradiation and realize a proper ultraviolet irradiation quantity in consideration
of the flow of water to be treated inside an ultraviolet irradiation device. SOLUTION: The ultraviolet
irradiation water treatment device has a container 20 into which treat water flows, ultraviolet lamps
30A-30F for irradiating water to be treated passing through the container with ultraviolet light, a
plurality of lamp protecting tubes 31A-31F for respectively accommodating one or more ultraviolet
lamps, and a means for controlling a condition of the ultraviolet lamps so that the ultraviolet irradiation
quantity to a part inside the container where the flow rate of the water to be treated is high is made
larger than that to a part inside the container where the flow rate of the water to be treated is low.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new material capable of producing a new microfiltration 1
membrane having adsorptivity and ion exchangeability that are characteristics of zeolite, a zeolite-
ceramic composite self-supported membrane that may be used as a microfiltration membrane to both
filter the seawater containing microorganisms and perform sterilization by means of ion exchange and
supported metal ion, a new material used therefor, and a method for producing a composite
independent membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration system capable of preventing the 1

degradation of the filtration performance as much as possible by controlling the dispersant
concentration of raw water into an appropriate concentration, and to provide an operation method
thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that, although there is a technique of fixing a flat 1
film to a resin plate by ultrasonic adhesion to avoid detachment of the flat film from the resin plate due
to a load applied continuously to the flat film by aeration during operation, the technique tends to
produce local differences in the strength of fixing by solvent welding in the circumferential parts of the
resin plate because there occur irregularities in the circumferential parts to be solvent-welded with the
flat film, when the flatness of the resin plate itself is lo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet oxidation apparatus which is capable of

increasing the using efficiency of a photocatalytic reaction and which is capable of improving the
decomposition ratio of an organic matter in the water to be treate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning method of a membrane separation apparatus 1

easily removing solid matter clogged between membrane element

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating seawater capable of the size decrease 1
and cost reduction of a seawater treatment apparatus and enhancement of the life of a separation
membrane, and to provide the water treatment apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing the sea water of low salt concentration 1
which can prepare the sea water of the constant salt concentratio
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce operating cost for the whole processes by separating objects
into objects to be removed suitable for an ozone treatment process and objects to be removed
suitable for a sterilization process and achieving target water quality by the processes. ŽSOLUTION:
A liquid treatment apparatus includes an ozone generator 3 for injecting ozone gas which reacts with
water to be treated in an ozone contact tank 2, a colorimeter 8 in a passage connected to the ozone
contact tank 2, a chlorine injector 11 for injecting a chlorine agent into an ultraviolet irradiation tank 6
equipped with an ultraviolet lamp and connected to the passage or into the passage, and an input
means 10 for performing input into a controller 9 controlling the ozone generator 3, the ultraviolet
lamp, or the chlorine injector 11. The output of the ozone generator 3 is controlled from a deviation
between the target value of a first water quality item from the input means 10 and a value of the first
water quality item measured by a water quality measuring meter. The output of the ultraviolet lamp or
the injection rate of the chlorine agent of the chlorine injector 11 is controlled from the target value of a
second water quality item from the input means 10 by a relationship between the first water quality
item and ultraviolet irradiation or a relationship between the first water quality item and the injection
rate of the chlorine agent. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus and a method of operating 1

the same which can recover energy of high-pressure concentrated water discharged from a reverse
osmosis membrane cartridge with high efficiency, can optimally control the whole power consumption
of the membrane separation apparatus, and can stably supply the required flow rate of diluted water
with optimum control while securing appropriate water qualit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact water treatment device which has a reaction tank 1
utilizing granular active carbon or the like as a microorganism carrier and an immersion type
membrane separation apparatus in combination, and which ensures energy saving and high
decomposition efficiency, and to provide a water treatment metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for producing fresh water, in each 1
of which high-quality fresh water can be obtained stably at a low cost by a membrane distillation
proces

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water production apparatus which performs an energy 1
saving effect by efficiently controlling a supply water pressure of water to be treated to a filter by a
pump according to the elevation of the TOC concentration of the water to be treated, and a method for
controlling the pure water production apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably supply produced water of high purity while suppressing 1
oxidative deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane (a RO membrane), to promptly devise a
countermeasure even when oxidative deterioration occurs and further to attain energy savin
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separation apparatus and the operation 1
management method of the same which is capable of recovering the energy which the reject from a
reverse osmotic membrane cartridge has at higher efficiency than the time when a Pelton Wheel is
used, which is capable of maintaining water producing capability (desalination rate), and which is
capable of determining a proper cleaning timing of the reverse osmotic membrane and breakdown of
an energy recovery devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microbicidal and algicidal composition which, even when
stored outdoor, resists the decomposition of its effective chlorine component by ultraviolet rays from
e.g., sunlight, when added to water to be treated, does not cause a marked pH increase in the treated
water, and can contain a relatively high concentration of effective chlorine componen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyvinylidene fluoride-based multiple membrane having 1

good capability of removing viruses, pure water permeation performance, and physical strength in a
simple process in order to stabilize the water quality of permeation water through improvement of
separation functions to a greater extent than conventional water treatment membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system using ultraviolet irradiation capable
of exerting an ultraviolet irradiation effect on countermeasures against algae and sterilizing
pathogenic germs, et

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laminate which comprises a porous support and a 1

microfiber aggregate, and is not deteriorated in fluid transmission rate while having mechanical
strength sufficiently sustainable to a separating operation of gas or liquid, a method of manufacturing
the same, and a separating film of the gas or the liquid comprising the laminate, and a water
treatment method and a water treatment device using the separating fil

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform a long-term stable operation by suppressing a deterioration of 1

membrane surface permeation flux in an RO separator where desalination and/or organic matter
removal is performe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus using ultraviolet rays capable of
effectively utilizing ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of about 254 nm for the purpose of disinfection or
deactivation even if there is no protective pipe or washing mechanis
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a freshwater production apparatus which produces a fresh 1
water with cheap installation cost and good efficienc

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an apparatus for purifying liquid to be treated using a 1

nanobubble-containing liquid, at a low cost in a short tim

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane separator capable of certainly discharging the 1

air stagnated within filtered water piping at the start time of washing and capable of sharply reducing
the waste use of washing water at the time of discharge of ai

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for treating water which treats a large amount of 1
water at a high speed and of which the cleaning efficiency is enhanced by certainly catching minute
solid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the treatment performance while reducing attachment of 1

screenings when filtering liquid flows inside a membrane module, as solid-liquid separation is applied
by vertically soaking the membrane module formed by bundling hollow fiber membranes into the
filtering liqui

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the working of a member with a complicated structure, and to
dispense with an exclusive recovery vessel for safely collecting fragments separated by a solid-liquid
separation functio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the loading and exchange of a flat membrane element into a 1
case and to provide a cheap exchange method of an immersion type membrane separation module
and a flat membrane element which is capable of reducing the damage of the flat membrane elemen
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply a composite nano-filter membrane capable of selectively and 1
sufficiently removing a scale component and capable of effectively preventing the occurrence of scale
when raw water such as seawater is converted to fresh water by an evaporation method to stably
obtain fresh water in high recover

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet ray water purifier capable of performing 1

ultraviolet ray sterilization treatment of clean water inside a clean water tank at a low cost and with
high efficiency, in a purification system for purifying raw water and storing it in the clean water tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus equipped with a reverse osmosis 1
membrane, preferably performing water treatmen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type membrane filtration apparatus of simple 1

structure in which setting or replacement of an immersion membrane is easily performe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce pressure resistance and calorific value needed for a semi- 1
permeable membrane used for obtaining fresh water from water to be treated such as sea wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber porous membrane having a low cost suitable to 1
treat a liquid containing inorganic substances and/or organic substances, never damages any
membrane, and can suppress fouling and achieve high filtration performance and a method for
treating wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of desalinating seawater, capable of efficiently 1

obtaining clarified water such as fresh water while utilizing inorganic waste wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of desalinating seawater, capable of efficiently 1
obtaining clarified water such as fresh water while utilizing inorganic waste wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air diffuser and an immersed membrane unit which can 1
prevent an air diffusing pipe from being clogged and reduce the exchange frequency of an immersion
type separation membrane by greatly reducing the load of maintenance wor

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which is usable generally in a household or

the like and has sterilization capabilit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration system for use in a compact ballast-water 1

production apparatus that can return plankton living in the sea overboard without harming them to an
extent practicable and can keep the treatment cost lo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration module capable of preventing breakage due to the 1
entanglement of hollow fiber membranes even when the plurality of filtration modules are integrated in
vertical and lateral directions, a filtration unit wherein the plurality of filtration modules are disposed,
and a filter using the filtration uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite separation membrane which is excellent in a 1

separation characteristic, a water permeability performance, chemical strength (chemical resistance),
physical strength and an antifouling property, which can separate a low molecular compound and an
ion that can be hardly separated by a conventional microfiltration membrane or a conventional
ultrafiltration membrane and which is effective in boron removal or the like from seawater and further
to provide a water treating apparatus using the composite separation membrane and a method for
driving the sam

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cleaning method of high cleaning efficiency capable of 1

selectively and efficiently removing fouling causative substances from a filter membrane as a method
for recovering a specific permeable capability of the clogged filter membran
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous hollow fiber membrane which has high blocking 1
performance and high water permeability suitable for filtration and the like and exhibits excellent
mechanical strength, and a process for stably producing the porous hollow fiber membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module of an external pressure type 1
capable of easily discharging a mixed stream of a gas and a liquid and of suppressing its pressure dro

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet ray oxidation treatment apparatus capable of

obtaining treated water with an extremely low TOC concentration while preventing a short pass of
water to be treated in an ultraviolet ray oxidation treatment apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve uniform ultraviolet irradiation of water to be treated while

improving maintainability. SOLUTION: An ultraviolet lamp 12 is disposed within a boxlike lamp house
11, the opening in which 14 is formed in a part. The generated ultraviolet rays are radiated through the
opening 14. The ultraviolet rays radiated from the ultraviolet lamp 12 to the side opposite to the
opening 14 are reflected by a reflector 13 and radiated through the opening 14. A window part 15c is
formed at a position facing the opening 14 of the lamp house 11. A treatment container 15, in which a
treatment part 16 allowing the water to be treated to flow therein and flow out therefrom is formed, is
irradiated with the ultraviolet rays through an ultraviolet transmitting material 19 of quartz glass
disposed in the window part 15c for transmitting the ultraviolet rays. The treatment part 16 to be
irradiated with the ultraviolet rays from the lamp house 11 through the ultraviolet transmitting material
19 is formed in a shape based on the required illuminance distribution of the ultraviolet rays.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing refined water and an apparatus for 1
producing refined water for improving the sterilization effect of micro-organism and moreover
efficiently producing refined wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for stably manufacturing salt and 1
fresh water at the same tim
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing purified water, method capable of 1
stably and inexpensively supply, even when change of usage occurs, high quality purified water that is
free from biological contamination such as microorganism, endotoxin, and impurities originating from
the micoorganism, and to provide such an apparatus for producing the purified water that is suitable
for implementation of the metho

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber filtration membrane capable of mitigating the 1
non-uniformity of the filtration performance thereof in the longitudinal direction caused when being
actually used, thereby more stabilizing the separation performance thereof, to provide a hollow fiber
filter capable of mitigating the non-uniformity of the filtration performance by packing the hollow fiber
filtration membrane, and to provide a method for filtering a liquid to be treated by using the hollow
fiber filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment method of groundwater which is suitable and 1

low in cost when relatively clean groundwater is used, for example, as feed water to reverse osmosis
membrane treatment, and reduces an installation area of a pretreatment devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration treatment method capable of reducing the twining 1
of residue to a hollow yarn membrane and performing a stable filtratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotation-type hollow fiber membrane module unit which 1
easily washes/removes the solid content accumulated on the surface of a hollow fiber membrane by
the rotation of the unit and the resistance of which when rotated is kept down, and to provide an
apparatus and method for treating water using the rotation-type hollow fiber membrane module uni

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separation membrane support having a superior membrane 1

forming property and mechanical strength when supporting separation membranes such as
microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nano-filtration membranes and reverse osmosis
membranes, and to provide separation membranes using the same and a membrane separation
elemen

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve more efficient water sterilization when purifying water using
an ultraviolet LED unit as a light source by reducing ultraviolet loss from an LED chip to the water and
reducing the loss in the wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion film unit capable of being enhanced in 1
convenience for use by reducing the exchange frequency caused by the clogging of a hollow fiber
membrane module and enabling transport in a state that the hollow fiber membrane module is
attached to a fram

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a formation water producing apparatus for producing water by 1
an RO (reverse osmosis) method, wherein the increase in the capacity of a storage battery is
suppressed even when the supplied electric energy varie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a switching type RO (reverse osmosis) water purifier where 1
raw water is switched from stored water in a raw water tank to tap water in a tap water pipe in
accordance with using purposes, applications or the like, and purifying treatment of high quality can
be performe

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inhibit the photoreactivation phenomenon that reactivates
microorganisms. SOLUTION: When sterilization and inactivation treatment of water to be treated is
performed by ultraviolet irradiation, the ultraviolet irradiation is performed so that a peak energy value
X in an optical spectrum within a wavelength range of 250-280 nm generated by a high-pressure
mercury lamp and a peak energy value Y in an optical spectrum within a wavelength range of 350-380
nm have a relation of X

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing pure water, having a UV oxidation 1
device and an ion exchange device, in which the deterioration of an ion exchange resin in an electric
deionizer in the stage subsequent to the UV oxidation device is suppressed. ŽSOLUTION: The
apparatus for producing pure water includes the UV oxidation device and the electric deionizer which
is disposed in the stage subsequent to the UV oxidation device. In the apparatus, a UV sterilizer is
provided between the UV oxidation device and the electric deionizer. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-pressure mercury lamp for a water treatment device in
which ultra-violet illuminance is maintained without fluctuations within a treated water temperature
range from 10°C to 30°C, and any water temperature within this range is adaptable by one kind lamp.
ŽSOLUTION: In the low-pressure mercury lamp for the water treatment device which is equipped
with a straight tubular arc tube made of silica glass wherein an amalgam of more than one kind of
metal out of bismuth, indium and tin, and mercury is sealed inside, and a lamp base is mounted on
the outer circumference of both end parts having a sealing structure, and in which the arc tube is
placed and used on the inside bottom face of a straight tubular silica lamp sleeve horizontally
arranged in the treated water, a recessed part in which the amalgam is fixed at least to one of the both
end parts of the inner face of the arc tube, and which is opened toward inside the arc tube is formed
out of a discharge space regulated by an inside space between the both electrode tips, and the lamp
base has a non-cylindrical shape and a structure to regulate so that the recessed part is always
positioned at a lower part of the inner face of the arc tube and takes a posture to be opened upward.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an ultraviolet irradiation device which can continuously monitor
the ultraviolet irradiation state inside the device, can individually monitor all ultraviolet lamps disposed
inside the device, and can reduce the deterioration of an ultraviolet monitor. ŽSOLUTION: The
ultraviolet irradiation device 1 which performs the sterilization, disinfection and inactivation of
microorganisms in water and sewage treatment, includes a first ultraviolet monitor 17 which
continuously monitors the ultraviolet irradiation state inside the ultraviolet irradiation device 1, and a
second ultraviolet monitor 181, 182for monitoring lamp capacity which individually monitors the
capacities of ultraviolet lamps 7a-7f for radiating ultraviolet rays into the ultraviolet irradiation device 1.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of and a system for desalinating water to be treated 1
capable of reducing the amount of an oxidizer used for sterilization of the water when desalinating the
sterilized water by filtration with a reverse osmosis membrane. ŽSOLUTION: The method of
desalinating the water to be treated includes a process of sterilizing the water by adding the oxidizer
to the water, a process of filtering the sterilized water with a reverse osmosis membrane, and a
process of adjusting the pH value of the water by adding a pH adjusting agent to the water prior to the
sterilizing process. The desalination system includes an oxidizer adding means adding the oxidizer to
the water, a reverse osmosis membrane filtering means provided in the downstream of the oxidizer
adding means in relation to the flow of the water and filtering the water for desalinating, and a pH
adjusting agent adding means provided in the upstream of the oxidizer adding means in relation to the
flow of the water and adding the pH adjusting agent to the water. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purifier which can secure high purification 1
performance and has excellent clogging stability. ŽSOLUTION: In the water purifier 40 for passing
raw water, flowing in from a raw water inlet 66A, through filter media to purify the raw water by the
filtration action of the filter media and discharging purified water from a purified water outlet 66B, a
ceramic filter 68 made of a porous ceramic sintered body and a hollow fiber membrane filter 90 are
used together as the filter media, and the ceramic filter 68 is disposed upstream of the flow and the
hollow fiber membrane filter 90 is disposed downstream of the flow. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat membrane element capable of uniformly collecting 1
water on the entire membrane surface by equalizing pressure loss at a counter vertical water
collecting groove side end part regardless of a distance from a water collecting discharge port.
ŽSOLUTION: In the flat membrane element E configured by forming a vertical water collecting
groove 2 along the vertical direction on at least one side end of a flat membrane element support 1
and spreading a filtration membrane 3 on the entire surface, horizontal grooves 5 in the horizontal
direction are formed on the flat membrane element support 1 so as to equalize the pressure loss at
the counter vertical water collecting groove side end part of the flat membrane element support 1
regardless of a distance from the water collecting discharge port 4. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation device which can easily detect when
a lamp sleeve is damaged. ŽSOLUTION: An ultraviolet irradiation device is used which includes
ultraviolet lamps 7a-7f for irradiating water to be treated 2 flowing through a passage in a lamp
housing 4 with ultraviolet rays, lamp sleeves 6a-6f provided in a region contacting with the water to be
treated 2 so as to cover the ultraviolet lamps 7a-7f respectively, flange covers 20a, 20b inserted and
connected to both ends of the lamp sleeves 6a-6f respectively, and a damage detection sensor for
detecting the water to be treated 2 when the lamp sleeves 6a-6f are damaged and the water to be
treated 2 flows into the flange covers 20a, 20b through insides of the lamp sleeves 6a-6f.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency of filtration with a reverse osmosis membrane 1
by beforehand reducing endotoxin in raw material water before reverse osmosis treatment for
obtaining purified water used for an artificial dialysis solution. ŽSOLUTION: In water treatment
method for producing purified water by passing water to be treated through a reverse osmosis
treatment apparatus 4 comprising reverse osmosis membranes, an electrolyzer 2 is installed which
has a working electrode 11 where a diamond thin film is formed on a substrate, and a counter
electrode 13 facing the working electrode 11 so as to leave a space of 0.05 or 1.0 mm between them,
and uses the space as a passage of the water to be treated, a voltage less than a voltage causing
water electrolysis is applied between the working electrode 11 and the counter electrode 13 to
electrolyze the water to be treated, and the water to be treated whose endotoxin content is reduced to
1,000 unit/L or less is supplied to the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 4. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane filtration system wherein a total running cost is 1
reduced by reducing a power cost for a high pressure pump which supplies raw water to a reverse
osmosis membrane module. SOLUTION: The membrane filtration system includes: a raw water tank
2; a first treatment water tank 5 for storing primary treatment water for which a part of solute is
removed from raw water; a second treatment water tank 8 for storing secondary treatment water for
which the solute is further removed from the primary treatment water; nanofiltration membrane
modules 4, 41-4n disposed between the raw water tank and the first treatment water tank, and for
removing the solute with a solute removal rate of 1% to 30%; a first supply pump 3 for supplying the
raw water from the raw water tank to the nanofiltration membrane module and sending the primary
treatment water which has permeated through the nanofiltration membrane to the first treatment water
tank; a reverse osmosis membrane module 7 disposed between the first treatment water tank and the
second treatment water tank, and for removing the solute from the primary treatment water; and a
second supply pump 6 for supplying the primary treatment water from the first treatment water tank to
the reverse osmosis membrane module and sending the secondary treatment water which has
permeated through the reverse osmosis membrane to the second treatment water tank.
COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation device which can surely fix a position
of an ultraviolet lamp in a lamp sleeve. ŽSOLUTION: An ultraviolet irradiation device 1 is used which
includes ultraviolet lamps 7b, 7e for radiating ultraviolet rays to water to be treated 2 flowing through a
cylinder 3 inside a lamp housing 4, lamp sleeves 6b, 6e supported by the lamp housing 4 and
provided so as to cover the ultraviolet lamps 7b, 7e, and holding portions 111b, 111e provided in a
region between the lamp sleeves 6b, 6e and the ultraviolet lamps 7b, 7e and connected to both ends
of the ultraviolet lamps 7b, 7e and both ends inside the lamp sleeves 6b, 6e, respectively, for holding
the ultraviolet lamps 7b, 7e in the lamp sleeves 6b, 6e. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet irradiation device which can reduce resistance
of a flow of water to be treated due to a thermometer. ŽSOLUTION: An ultraviolet irradiation device
1 is used which includes a thermometer 100 provided on an outer periphery inside a lamp housing 4
and at a position where the lamp housing 4 and a cylinder 3 through which water to be treated 2 flows
intersect with each other so as to be along a flow of the water to be treated 2. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water purification cartridge which is vertically compact and 1
maintains a sufficient water passage rate, and a water purifier equipped with the same. SOLUTION:
The water purification cartridge 10 is provided with a housing 12, an adsorption water purification part
14 housed within the housing 12, and a membrane filtration water purification part 16 housed within
the housing 12 and located downstream of the adsorption water purification part 14. The membrane
filtration water purification part 16 has a hollow fiber membrane 70 housed within a tubular body 74
having openings at the top and side thereof, and the adsorption water purification part 14 is formed by
filling an adsorbent 90 between the inner peripheral wall of the housing 12 and the outer peripheral
wall of the tubular body 74 of the membrane filtration water purification part 16 and within the housing
12 above the membrane filtration water purification part 16. There is also provided the water purifier
equipped with the water purification cartridge 10 between an upper raw water storage part and a
lower purified water storage part. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment method and apparatus for producing soft 1
water with good water quality which has a low salt concentration, free from the problem of scale and
watermark generation due to metal components and silica components in water, and inhibits the
generation of slime. ŽSOLUTION: A part of raw water containing free chlorine is subjected to
electrolytic treatment, and the electrolytically treated water is mixed with RO membrane permeate
obtained by subjecting the rest of the raw water to RO membrane separation. The free chlorine-
containing electrolytically treated water obtained by the electrolytic treatment of the raw water is
added to the RO membrane permeate, which enables the sterilization or microorganism inhibition of
the RO membrane permeate without greatly increasing the salt concentration of the RO membrane
permeate to prevent slime obstacle. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module of higher filtration capacity 1
and a cartridge for a water purifier having a hollow fiber membrane module by easily removing a
sheet wrapping a hollow fiber membrane bundle, thereby maintaining a sufficient membrane area of a
hydrophilic hollow fiber membrane even if a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane is incorporated into
the module as a countermeasure to filtration flow rate deterioration at a low water pressure.
ŽSOLUTION: There is provided the hollow fiber membrane module configured such that a hollow
fiber membrane bundle is filled up in a U-shaped form in a cylindrical case with the opened end of the
hollow fiber membrane bundle fixed to the opened section of the cylindrical case with a potting
material, wherein the hollow fiber membrane bundle is one where a hydrophobic hollow fiber
membrane is mixed with a hydrophilic hollow fiber membrane, the hollow fiber membrane bundle is
disposed in unrestrained state, and the hollow fiber membranes at the outermost circumference of the
hollow fiber membrane bundle are all the hydrophilic hollow fiber membranes on the cylindrical case
end of the module. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method capable of producing functional drinking water 1

containing a stabilized nanobubble nucleus at a low cost. ŽSOLUTION: In the method of producing
the functional drinking water containing the stabilized nanobubble nucleus, it is generated by mixing
first raw material drinking water generated by supplying a gas to raw material water containing salt as
microbubbles of a size of &le;50 ¼m, crushing it by physical stimulation and then transmitting it
through a reverse osmosis membrane and second raw material drinking water generated by
supplying a gas to drinking water practically not containing salt as microbubbles of a size of &le;50
¼m and crushing it by the physical stimulation, and then crushing them by the physical stimulation
again. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyanide decomposition treatment apparatus and a
decomposition treatment method by which contact efficiency with water to be treated and light
irradiation efficiency are raised to improve cyanide decomposition efficiency, and in which chemicals
such as sodium hypochlorite causing an increase in a treatment cost are not used and safety is high,
in a cyanide-containing waste water treatment utilizing a photocatalyst. ŽSOLUTION: A cyanide
decomposition treatment system is provided with a fluidizing tank for fluidizing water to be treated in
one direction, a planar nonwoven fabric which is provided in the fluidizing tank and is made of
photocatalyst fiber including titanium oxide at its surface and a UV ray irradiation device which can
irradiate UV rays having peak wavelengths respectively at 180 to 190 nm and 250 to 260 nm and has
a shape extending in a longitudinal direction. The cyanide decomposition treatment apparatus is
characterized in that the surface of the planar nonwoven fabric and the longitudinal direction of the UV
ray irradiation device are in parallel with each other. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter body in which a sheet-shaped filtration membrane for 1
removing unwanted bacteria or the like is efficiently used and to provide a water purifier.
ŽSOLUTION: The filter body for filtering a fluid includes 'the filtration membrane which has a rugged
part and is used for filtering the fluid' and 'a supporting skeleton for supporting the filtration membrane
in a columnar or prismatic state'. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet water treatment apparatus capable of

preventing glass pieces, mercury and treated water in contact with mercury from flowing out to the
post-stage in the ultraviolet water treatment apparatus even when accident occurs and an to provide a
monitoring and controlling system thereof. ŽSOLUTION: The ultraviolet water treatment apparatus
includes a precipitate accumulation part 20 provided in the bottom part of a water tank, a detector 21
for detecting precipitate information in the precipitate accumulation part 20, a determining instrument
14 for determining the breakage of an ultraviolet lamp 5 and a protective tube 6 based on the
precipitate information obtained by the detector 21, a line separating mechanism for closing at least
one of a flow-in path controllers 2 or a flowing-out path controller 10 in the water tank 30 based on the
breakage signal output by the determining instrument 14. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment system which can reduce the amount of 1
injected fouling inhibitor to zero or can greatly reduce the amount thereof and inhibit generation of
fouling on a reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalination apparatus in which the filtration 1

performance of an RO (Reverse Osmosis) membrane is kept and the fluid pressure energy of
concentrated seawater is recovered effectively. ŽSOLUTION: The seawater desalination apparatus
includes: the RO membrane 4 for removing salt from seawater; a volumetric and hydraulic pump 2 for
pressurizing seawater and sending the pressurized seawater to the RO membrane 4; a main drive
motor 1 for driving the hydraulic pump 2; a volume-type power-recovery hydraulic motor 3 for driving
the hydraulic pump 2 by means of the fluid pressure of the concentrated seawater which is not filtered
by the RO membrane 4; a pressure detector 5 for detecting the reverse osmosis pressure of the RO
membrane 4; and a reverse osmosis pressure feedback control means for controlling the operation of
the hydraulic pump 2 on the basis of the value detected by the pressure detector 5 so that the reverse
osmosis pressure of the RO membrane 4 approaches a target value. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for operating a water purification system which can 1
effectively prevent fouling and clogging of a membrane module and can perform stable filtering
operation for a long period of time. ŽSOLUTION: The method for operating the water purification
system includes: pressurizing water by a water supply pump to supply it to the membrane module;
and performing membrane filtration in the water purification system using the membrane module. In
the method, super fine bubbles are generated underwater after pressurization by the water supply
pump and before supply to the membrane module. Water to be supplied to the water supply pump
may be raw water and/or concentrated circulating water from the membrane module.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil-water separator requiring no complicated multistage 1
process or special equipment, having good handleability and operation management property, and
allowing high-level oil-water separation of heated oil-containing water to reduce heat loss; an oil-water
separating system using the oil-water separator; an oil-water separating method; and a water reusing
method. SOLUTION: In an in-situ recovery method for producing bitumen from oil sand, bitumen is
taken out from a heated bitumen mixture fluid collected from the underground, and oil contained in the
heated oil-containing water separated from the mixture fluid is removed by the oil-water separator.
The oil-water separator includes: a vessel 15e into which the oil-containing water 20B is introduced;
an immersion filtration film 61 built in the vessel 15e to perform filtration while being immersed in the
heated oil-containing water; and a bubble generation means 16 supplying bubbles 53 toward the
filtration film 61. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide equipment and a method for desalination treatment using a 1
reverse osmosis membrane module, which satisfy the water quality standard for boron and can
reduce cost for equipment and operation. ŽSOLUTION: The desalination treatment equipment 110
separates raw water such as seawater or water containing salts at a high concentration into
concentrated water and filtrate water by the reverse osmosis membrane module 10. In the equipment,
the stage preceding the reverse osmosis membrane module 10 is provided with a pretreatment part
including a raw water treatment tank 5, a microbubble injection device 6 for injecting microbubbles of
ozone gas into the raw water treatment tank 5, and a scum removing device 12 for discharging, from
the ozone treatment tank 5, suspended matter including metal scale allowed to float and accumulate
on the water surface by the microbubbles. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system and a method for treating water which can treat raw 1
water, even containing oil and a surfactant, by efficiently using a separation membrane.
ŽSOLUTION: The system for treating water includes a first stage membrane separator and a
second stage membrane separator. In the first stage membrane separator and the second stage
membrane separator, the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane each
having a desalting function are used. The first separation membrane 31 includes a substrate 32 and a
separation active layer 33. The substrate 32 is equipped with filtration holes 32b. The separation
active layer 33 is installed on the raw water side surface 32a of the substrate 32, is permeable and
hydrophilic, and is electrically charged. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for effectively preventing reduction in permeation 1

performance and separation performance of the reverse osmosis membrane due to propagation of a
microbe on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane or adhesion of a microbe and its metabolite
to the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, in a method for preparing regenerated water which
combines a membrane separation type activated sludge process and a reverse osmosis.
ŽSOLUTION: A water treatment method is provided, wherein a flocculant for coagulating a
phosphorus is applied to a membrane separation type activated sludge tank and a fouling restraining
agent is applied to the reverse osmosis membrane in order to effectively prevent reduction in
permeation performance and separation performance of the reverse osmosis membrane due to
propagation of the microbe on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane or adhesion of the
microbe and its metabolite to the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane. Phosphorus becoming a
nutritious salt of the microbe is removed by the flocculant to restrain a microbial film from being
formed on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane. As a result, the deterioration of the
permeation performance or separation performance of the reverse osmosis membrane can be
prevented effectively. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat membrane element manufacturing apparatus that can 1
be manufactured at a lower cost and secure reliability in bonding a flat membrane element and a lid.
ŽSOLUTION: The flat membrane element manufacturing apparatus 1 that bonds the flat membrane
element 30 that filters a treated water with a membrane sheet 32 formed by bonding a peripheral
edge of the membrane sheet 32 onto at least any of a front surface and a backside in a support plate
31 and the lid 33 that collects the filtered water filtered with the membrane sheet 32 in the flat
membrane element 30 at an outlet 34 includes a moving device 2 that moves a syringe valve 13 that
sprays a solution along a joining line 36 that is the joint surface of the support plate 31 and lid 33 and
a guide device that keeps constant a distance between the syringe valve 13 and joining line 36.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment system
which performs killing and sterilization of a microorganism in water using a photocatalyst and can
easily change the photocatalyst to a new catalyst. ŽSOLUTION: The water treatment apparatus
includes: a particle retention member 53 to hold magnetically a magnetic material particle 55A to
which a photocatalyst 55B is attached; a magnet 54 to be installed in the hollow of the particle
retention member 53 so as to magnetize the particle retention member 53; and an ultraviolet lamp 56
which irradiates ultraviolet rays in order to generate activated oxygen species in the photocatalyst
55B. The magnetic material particle 55A in which a deteriorated photocatalyst 55B is attached is
separated by means of drawing the magnet 54 out from the particle retention member 53, thus
facilitating the exchange of the magnetic material particle 55A in which a new photocatalyst 55B is
attached. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems that in frequent occurrence of generation of a 1

great amount of micro plankton caused by eutrophication in various city water sources throughout the
country wherein the micro plankton causes the filtrate turbidity to rise by 0.1 degree (guideline by
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) or more by leaking out of a rapid filtration pond, while
currently only countermeasures of continuous monitoring of the turbidity change of the filtrate night
and day and strengthening of a pre-flocculant or injection of a post-flocculant are performed only
when the filtrate turbidity is increased, bothering the city water enterprises for the treatment
countermeasures. ŽSOLUTION: The water purification automatic continuous monitoring device
includes the whole functions after a floc formation pond in a water purification facility of an actual
facility, with the size thereof reduced. Time before measuring the filtrate turbidity is set to one hour to
30 minutes equivalent to 1/6-1/12 of that of an actual facility. The variation of the filtrate turbidity is
predicted five hours or more before based on the obtained result, and the timing of strengthening the
flocculation is properly set, to thereby cancel the delay in taking action in an actual facility.
ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an ion exchange resin exhibiting remarkably reduced boron
elution in particular, by highly purifying the same. ŽSOLUTION: An ion exchange resin is purified by
washing the same with water having been treated to contain boron at a concentration of 1 ppt or
lower. The treated water is produced by treating raw water of a boron concentration of 100 ppt or
lower by causing the same to flow through a reverse osmosis membrane device 1, a degassing
membrane device 2, and an electric deionizer 3 one after another in that order, and subsequently
causing the resulting water to flow through an oxidation device 4 employing an ultraviolet ray for
oxidation, an ion exchange device 5 that is not to be reactivated, and an ultrafiltration device 6 one
after another in that order. In the electric deionizer 3, a portion of the deionized water coming out of a
desalination chamber is made to countercurrently flow through a concentration chamber, relative to
the desalination chamber. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and method for purifying water capable of 1
efficiently carrying out water purification treatment from an aqueous solution containing a volatile
solute while suppressing leakage of the volatile solute into target water for purification and compatibly
combining water intake by osmotic pressure. ŽSOLUTION: The apparatus for purifying water
includes: a dilution means 11 for diluting an aqueous solution containing a volatile solute and a
polymer with water separated from target water for purification by a semipermeable membrane 1 by
contacting the aqueous solution with the target water for purification through the semipermeable
membrane 1; a separation means 3, 5 for obtaining purified water by separating the volatile solute
and the polymer from an aqueous solution diluted by the dilution means 11; and a dissolving means
14 for returning the volatile solute separated by the separation means 3, 5 to the aqueous solution
containing the polymer to dissolve the same. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter capable of efficiently peeling and removing suspended 1
ingredients attached to the surfaces of or between the membranes by causing bubbling of air bubbles
from an aeration tube to act effectively on the whole hollow fiber membranes and allowing the
arrangement of compact hollow fiber membranes at high density. ŽSOLUTION: In the filter 11
causing a solution 12 to be treated containing suspended ingredients to pass through a membrane
module 14 for immersion type suction filtration or external-pressure filtration to separate solid from
liquid, the membrane module 14 is composed of a bundle of membranes 16 consisting of a large
number of hollow fiber membranes 15 having the axial lines directed vertically and having upper and
lower ends brought in tight contact with each other. A plurality of aeration tubes 21 having different
lengths in the axial line direction are inserted alternately so that the tubes are threaded their way
through gaps between the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 15 immediately above the hollow fiber
membrane tight contact part at the lower end of the bundle of membranes 16. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a processing load at a rear stage with a simple structure and
reduce the concentration of TOC (total organic carbon) to a very small amount at a low cost in an
organic substance decomposition apparatus for treating low-conductivity pure water and the like as
water to be treated and decomposing a small amount of TOC components contained in the water to
be treated by combining a photocatalyst and ultraviolet irradiation. ŽSOLUTION: The organic
substance decomposition apparatus includes a reaction container, a first electrode which is disposed
in the reaction container, has pores penetrated so as to provide water permeability, and carries a
photocatalyst, a second electrode which is paired with the first electrode and disposed so as to come
into contact with a flow of the water to be treated, a power supply device which applies a voltage
between the first electrode and the second electrode so as to make the first electrode positive and
make the second electrode negative, and an ultraviolet light source which radiates ultraviolet rays to
the first electrode. The water to be treated is supplied to the reaction container so as to permeate and
flow through the first electrode. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the sticking of a cake to a membrane surface even after a 1
long time use, and to easily peel off the stuck cake. ŽSOLUTION: An immersion type membrane
cassette includes: a plane-shaped membrane support 101 in which a flow passage is formed where
filtered water passes from the outside to the inside; two or more projections 102 disposed on the
support so that a turbulent flow of filtered water is generated outside the membrane support; a
membrane 103 which covers the outer surface of the membrane and the projections and filters the
filtered water; and an outlet 104 from which the filtered water flows out which has been filtered by the
membrane and has entered a space inside the membrane support. ŽCOPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment apparatus and a pretreament method used for 1
a water treatment system and the like using a reverse osmosis membrane, that requires no large
installation area, and can efficiently achieve the removal of contaminants with pretreatment without
adding a flocculant and give a water treatment system with a high treatment flow rate (flow flux) per
unit membrane area. ŽSOLUTION: The pretreatment apparatus for a water treatment system
includes a first membrane filtration means using a filtration membrane having an average pore
diameter of &ge;1 ¼m and

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply treated water having a predetermined treated water quality
even if deterioration of the water quality of treating water or performance lowering of an ultraviolet
irradiation device occurs. ŽSOLUTION: The water treatment apparatus forms a circulation path 5
that includes a circulation tank 3, an oxidation means 1 including an oxidant feed device 9 and the
ultraviolet irradiation device 10, and a pump 4. The apparatus includes a control means 18 repeatedly
performing a water feed process to the circulation tank 3, a circulation process of operating the
oxidation means 1 and pump 4 and circulating the treating water in the circulation path 5 after the
water feed process, and a water sending process of sending the treated water in the circulation tank 3
to a treated water tank 8 after the circulation process; and a sensor 17 detecting an organic matter
concentration of the treated water in the circulation path 5. The control means 18 shifts the circulation
process to the water sending process when the organic matter concentration detected by the sensor
17 is lowered below a set value. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for effectively washing a microfiltration (MF) or 1

ultrafiltration (UF) membrane module in a water treatment process in a manner capable of enhancing
a water recovery rate and of preventing the chemical deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane
and to provide a fresh water generator. ŽSOLUTION: There is provided a membrane module
washing method which, in a water treatment process comprising a membrane filtration process A for
obtaining pretreated membrane-filtered water by filtering saline raw water with a microfiltration or
ultrafiltration membrane module 4 and a membrane filtration step B for obtaining reverse osmosis-
filtered water and reverse osmosis-filtered concentrate water by membrane-filtering the pretreated
membrane-filtered water with a reverse osmosis membrane module 8, the reverse osmosis
concentrate water is used as the back pressure washing water of the microfiltration or ultrafiltration
membrane module and the reverse osmosis membrane-filtered water to which an alkali agent is
added is used as the back pressure washing water for the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane
module. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for disinfecting a nanofiltration membrane by hot 1
water in which the increase of the energy consumption when the nanofiltration membrane module is
disinfected by hot water can be suppressed. ŽSOLUTION: An apparatus for producing purified water
includes: a nanofiltration membrane module 61 for softening raw water by the nanofiltration
membrane formed by using polyamide as a material; a purified water tank 13; hot water supply lines
77; a heater 17; and a control part 16 for individually controlling the opened/closed states of the hot
water supply lines 77. The method for disinfecting the nanofiltration membrane by hot water, which is
used in the apparatus for producing purified water, comprises the steps of: refluxing the purified water,
which is stored in the purified water tank 13, through the hot water supply lines 77 from the upstream
side according to an operation signal from the control part 16; simultaneously heating the purified
water to the predetermined temperature by the heater 17 at &le;5°C/minute temperature rising rate;
and exposing the nanofiltration membrane to hot water. ŽCOPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deposition due to contact of salt water with an alkaline liquid 1
in an alkaline liquid injection portion of a water treatment apparatus for treating the salt water with a
reverse osmosis membrane. SOLUTION: The water treatment apparatus for treating salt water with a
reverse osmosis membrane includes an alkaline liquid injection means for injecting the alkaline liquid
into the salt water at an alkaline liquid injection point before a high-pressure pump, and the alkaline
liquid injection means includes (a) an alkaline liquid injection pipe line whose one end is connected to
an alkaline liquid supply device and the other end is connected to a salt water supply pipe line at the
alkaline liquid injection point, (b) a fresh water injection pipe line whose one end is connected to a
fresh water supply device and the other end is connected to the alkaline liquid injection pipe line at a
fresh water injection point, (c) an alkaline liquid injection valve provided on the alkaline liquid injection
pipe line and on the upstream side of the fresh water injection point, and (d) a fresh water injection
valve provided on the fresh water injection pipe line. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep sterilization, disinfection, and inactivation capabilities even if a

period of a maintenance cycle or a life period of an ultraviolet lamp is reached or the ultraviolet output
from the ultraviolet lamp is decreased. SOLUTION: The ultraviolet irradiation system 11 which
sterilizes, disinfects, and inactivates raw water, such as city water or underground water, includes a
plurality of ultraviolet irradiation devices 11a-11c which are connected in series, and a controller which
controls output and non-output of the ultraviolet irradiation devices 11a-11c. The ultraviolet irradiation
devices 11a-11c are provided with a water treatment container through which the raw water flows,
ultraviolet lamps which radiate ultraviolet rays to the raw water in the water treatment container, and
an ultraviolet sensor which measures the amount of the ultraviolet rays irradiated from the ultraviolet
lamps. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a turbid water treatment apparatus and a turbid water 1
treatment method which efficiently clarify turbid water of lake, dam or water reservoir in which turbidity
such as water bloom or argilliferous soil are mixed to cause turbidity, with small-scaled equipment.
SOLUTION: The turbid water treatment apparatus A is configured to include: a turbid water collecting
tank 2 collecting the turbid water W; a flocculation tank 3 for temporarily storing the turbid water W
sent from the turbid water collecting tank 2 and flocculating the turbidity in the turbid water W with the
addition of a flocculant P; and a filtration tank 4 which is provided with a filtration membrane 6 at least
in the outer peripheral side, is formed bag-like or box-like and is installed so as to be immersed into
the turbid water W while an opened upper end 4b side is arranged above the water level W1 of the
turbid water W. The turbid water W' after treated in the flocculation tank 3 is sent to the inside of the
filtration tank 4 to pass the filtration membrane 6, and while the turbidity is captured by the filtration
membrane 6, the clarified filtered water W'' is discharged to the turbid water W. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing antibacterially treated water including
an antibacterial component selectively in a solution by utilizing a photocatalytic reaction. SOLUTION:
Titanium dioxide (IV), which is a photocatalyst 5 and to which halogen is chemically bonded, is fixed
onto a filter. The titanium dioxide-fixed filter is brought into contact with a liquid 2 containing an oxo
acid compound or a halogen compound. The fixed titanium dioxide (IV) is irradiated with ultraviolet
light from a light source 6 while mixing an oxygen-including gas 3 in the liquid 2 by using a gas mixing
means 8 to produce the antibacterial component of halogen oxides such as hypochlorous acid or
active oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide in a reaction solution. The antibacterial component
is reacted with microbes such as bacteria, which are suspended in a liquid or stuck to the surface of a
solid, to exhibit antibacterial treatment. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INP
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet light source that uses microwave for excitation,
efficiently supplies excitation energy, and outputs a sufficient irradiation amount for sterilization or the
like. SOLUTION: This ultraviolet light source is constituted of: an ultraviolet lamp 10; a magnetron 60
as a microwave energy source for exciting the ultraviolet lamp 10; a waveguide 40 and rectangular
waveguide 50 for guiding the microwave to the ultraviolet lamp 10; and a conductive copper mesh 30
and ultraviolet transmission waveguide 20 for enclosing the ultraviolet lamp 10. The ultraviolet light
source is particularly used as a sterilizer for sterilization or the like of clean water. COPYRIGHT:
(C)2011,JPO&INP

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for treating water capable of more securely reducing 1
deposition of silica to a reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the operating rate of a membrane filtration system by 1

increasing the amount of water to be treated and also to reduce the total cost of running the system
by reducing the cost of cleaning the system with chemicals or replacing membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filter cleaning system for a water purifier, which surely and 1
effectively discharges concentrated water in a reverse osmosis membrane filte

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating method capable of improving a removal rate and 1
improving the quality of permeating water when a semipermeable membrane after operation starts in
a water treatment plant can not obtain a predetermined quality of permeating water due to the
reduction of the removal rate, et

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet disinfection instrument safely and precisely

disinfecting treating water with ultraviolet rays by allowing no foreign matter to get mixed in the treated
wate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce high-purity ultrapure water by removing a TOC (total organic 1
carbon) component including low molecular weight nitrogen compounds in a higher degre

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filtration apparatus capable of easy construction of the 1

apparatus having a desired processing capability while reducing the load for the equipment for
backwashin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pure water production apparatus using a reverse osmosis 1
membrane device, which can produce pure water with high purity at a low cos

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat membrane filtration apparatus in which membrane 1

surface cleaning effects of an upper stage membrane unit can be obtained effectively in the case of
installing membrane units vertically in multistag

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater desalting system capable of stably supplying 1

seawater to a high pressure RO pump even if there is no adjusting tank and capable of achieving the
miniaturization of the system and the suppression of water deterioratio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultraviolet water treatment device capable of treating water
by irradiating with ultraviolet rays while sufficiently corresponding to the change of the type of water
and a water amoun

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat plate membrane element of a new structure which can 1
meet environmental and economic requirements in more excellent manner than before by optimizing
filtering treatment capacity through adjusting it to a low level, while avoiding adverse effects upon the
liquid circulation inside a treatment tank as soon as possible, when the size of the treatment tank is
functionally too large, and a membrane unit for an immersion type membrane separation device made
up of the flat plate membrane elemen
PURPOSE: To efficiently purify water by mounting a water suction means, an ultraviolet irradiation
means and a filter mean

PURPOSE: To prevent the proliferation of microorganisms captured on the surface of a filtration 1

membrane by forming a thin membrane of silver on the surface of a filtration membrane on the side of
a raw liquid by a physical or chemical vapor deposition process when the sterilization by filtration is
performe

PURPOSE: To eliminate clogging and to sterilize water by arranging an ultraviolet lamp and a
purifying material, wherein a photocatalyst is supported by a filter having a specific pore size, to a
water flow passag

PURPOSE:To obtain the title water purifier wherein bacteria are not propagated even when the 1
purifier is infrequently used by providing an antibacterial action to the surface between a member for
forming a water passage connecting a liq. inlet and a liq. exit and the liq. CONSTITUTION:In the desk-
type water purifier, for example, raw water is injected into a vessel 1 from the opening 2a of a cap 2,
passed through an inner filter 3A, a filter medium 3C, and an outer filter 3B, filtered, and then taken
out from a tap 1a as a treated water. The vessel 1, cap 2, and filters 3A and 3B are made of a
synthetic resin. An ion exchanger such as the zeolite combined with metal ion such as silver ion is
incorporated into the raw resin as a filler, and the mixture is formed. As a result, the member for
forming the water passage connecting the opening 2a of the cap 2 as the liq. inlet I and the tap 1a as
the liq. exit E is provided with an antibacterial action, and hence the water passage itself exhibits an
antibacterial action. Accordingly, purified treated water, wherein bacteria, etc., are not propagated, is
obtained even when the raw water or treated water is accumulated in the purifier over a long perio

PURPOSE: To prevent clogging by circulating filtrate into a module while ion exchanged water is 1
filtered and refined by using a module with built-in ultrafiltration film and micro-filte

PURPOSE: To stably reduce BOD, etc., of service water and waste water such as bath water by
forming a water passage in a central part of a packed layer packed with calcined naturally yielded
porous diatomaceous earth mineral consisting primarily of SiO2 as filter medium and inserting an
ultraviolet lamp into the water passag

PURPOSE: To reduce remarkably the generation of deposit of a porous membrane to the permeation 1
side surface and make membrane life longer by using the porous membrane having a specific value
or more of \Azeta; potential and filtering low conductance wate
PURPOSE: To obtain safe mineral water by successively subjecting mineral water to treatment with a
primary precision filter having \Age;1.0\Amu;m pore diameter, irradiation with UV and treatment with a
secondary precision filter having \Ale;0.45\Amu;m pore diamete

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject a hollow yarn, having micropores passing therethrough and suitable 1
in the field of water or blood treatment and food, especially cross flow by melt spinning high-density
PE under specific conditions, then heat-treating the resultant fiber, cold drawing the heat-treated fiber
under specified conditions and subsequently hot-drawing the resultant fibe

PURPOSE: To improve adsorption efficiencies of ion to promote water purification effects by applying 1
voltage to a filter of active carbon fibers provided in a water passag

PURPOSE: To obtain a hollow fiber membrane preventing the propagation of various bacteria and 1
inhibiting the generation of an offensive odor when used to purify water by forming a membrane with a
polymer contg. sterile ceramic powder and making the outer layer of the membrane dense and the
interior porou

PURPOSE: To obtain pure water having a reduced org. matter content by blowing ozone into pure
water, irradiating the pure water with UV or laser light having the wavelength of UV and by carrying
out vacuum degassing, exposure to gaseous nitrogen or heatin

PURPOSE: To maximize the output of sterilizing rays from a sterilizing lamp and to allow the lamp to
quickly radiate sterilizing rays at the time of lighting by fitting a temp. sensor to the surface of the glass
wall of the lamp in the body of a device for sterilizing flowing water and by setting the body of the
device and a blower linked to the temp. sensor and sending air to the inner pipe of the device in a
thermosta

PURPOSE: To easily obtain fresh water by mounting a filter membrane body to the lower end of a 1
pipe protruding above the surface of the sea at the upper end part thereof and deeply inserted in the
sea at the lower end part thereof and providing a pumping means to the upper end thereo

PURPOSE: To irradiate not only the part near an outflow port but the inside of a valve as well with UV
rays so that contamination can be prevented by providing an outflow opening/closing means
consisting of a UV ray transmittable material in the bottom of a tank in such a manner that the means
is irradiated by the UV rays with which the inside of the tank is irradiate
PURPOSE: To prevent a lowering of a sterilization dose due to the contamination by preventing the
contamination of the surface brought into contact with treated water of ultraviolet ray pervious glass as
low as possible by covering the surface brought into contact with water of the ultraviolet ray pervious
glass with an ultraviolet ray pervious fil

PURPOSE: To improve the sterilizing property of the sterilizer by separating a flowing water part into
two sections, providing the inlet and outlet for flowing water to each section and setting a UV lamp
inside the inner pip

PURPOSE: To improve the efficiency in oxidizing water to be treated by providing a perforated inner
cylinder in a cylindrical vessel and separating the perforated inner cylinder into plural chambers in the
axial direction by a partition wal

PURPOSE: To improve the ion removing capacity by carrying out the reverse osmosis treatment of 1
2nd stage after gaseous nitrogen is blown into the water treated with the reverse osmosis of 1st stag

PURPOSE: To obtain the membrane which has large water permeability and good fractionation 1
characteristic by using the ultrafilter membrane which consists of an acrylonitrile polymer having good
water permeability and has a dence surface layer having fine pores of specific functions and a lower
supporting laye

PURPOSE: To optimize ozone injection by providing an UV absorptiometer for the water to be treated
with ozone and the treated water, a flowmeter for ozonized air to be injected, a densitometer and an
arithmetic unit for calculating the ozone injection ratio from the signals of the detectors and controlling
the ozone amt. by the calculated resul

PURPOSE: To easily activate water by arranging a far infrared radiation means, a line-of-magnetic
force radiation means and an ultraviolet radiation means in a vesse

PURPOSE: To fix iodine even in a porous membrane made of a material incapable of binding iodine 1
without deteriorating its water filtering function by fixing elutable iodine on the surfaces of at least a
part of the pores of the membrane with a fixing agen
PURPOSE: To efficiently separate and recover fine particles of titanium dioxide contained in water
after treatment by providing a treatment tank having an ultraviolet lamp inserted therein and a
separation tank equipped with an ultrafiltration membrane side by side and purifying water to be
treated in the treatment tank and subsequently passing purified water through the ultrafiltration
membrane in the separation tan

[From equivalent JP02052096A2] PURPOSE:To efficiently obtain purified water by arranging flat 1
rotary plates and flat rotary membranes in a combined state within a bioreactor.
CONSTITUTION:Sewage flows in a bioreactor 2 and receives aerobic aeration treatment by flat rotary
plates 4 and aerated treated water is discharged. The microbial sludge layer adhered to the flat plate
4b of each flat rotary plate 4 is grown by aerobic aeration treatment to become thick but, since
aeration treatment capacity is lowered by the reduction of an aeration surface area when said sludge
layer becomes too thick, flat membranes 5b arranged in a superposed state so as to hold a
predetermined gap P are brought into contact with the thickened microbial sludge layers under
rotation to release said sludge layers. Therefore, a lowering of the aeration capacity of each flat rotary
plate 4 can be prevented. Subsequently, the sewage is sucked and filtered by the filter membranes on
the surface of the flat membranes 5b of flat rotary membranes 5 and the transmitted purified water
passes through the pores of the main body of each flat membrane 5b to be sucked in a hollow rotary
shaft 5a and is discharged to the outside of the bioreactor

[From equivalent JP01123694A2] PURPOSE: To surely sterilize the inside of a water introducing pipe 1
from a germ-free water producing device to an intake port so as to prevent back-contamination by
supplying an inorg. halide to the electrolytic chamber of an electrolyzing device while germ-free water
is kept stored in the electrolytic chamber and utilizing the hypohalogenite generated by effecting an
electrolysi

N/A 1

[From equivalent JP01254208A2] PURPOSE: To efficiently perform backwash by injecting foams into 1
the title equipment and generating a circulation flow in a filter module in the case of backwashing the
hollow yarn membrane filte

[From equivalent JP01297149A2] PURPOSE: To make it possible to remove the refine anion and 1
cation and fine particles at once in one container as well as to make renewing and cleaning operation
simple by installing sealing parts and porous hollow fiber membranes having functions to exchange
anions and cations and sandwiching a diaphragm between them in one containe

[From equivalent JP01224004A2] PURPOSE: To simultaneously remove the iron ion and fine 1
particles in water by fixing tannin on the surface of the pore of a porous membrane having a three-
dimensional reticular structure consisting of polyolefin, a copolymer of the polyolefin and halogenated
olefin, or polyvinylidene fluorid
[From equivalent JP02131185A2] PURPOSE: To prevent powdery active carbon from flying 1
dispersingly in the air by sealing the powdery active carbon in a water-soluble bag in a hollow fiber
membrane constituting filter and accommodating the same in a cartridge cas

[From equivalent JP02207888A2] PURPOSE: To efficiently remove the TOC contained in pure water 1
by using an amphoteric membrane having a carboxylic acid group or anionic polar membrane having
the carboxylic acid group for a reverse osmosis membrane and adjusting the pure water to be passed
therethrough to specific pH at which the ion exchange function of the carboxylic acid group is
substantially not exhibite

[From equivalent JP02040283A2] PURPOSE: To improve water making efficiency by supplying the 1
compressed air generated by an air compressor driven with small capacity and operating plunger
pumps to continuously supply the sea water to a reverse osmosis membrane modul

[From equivalent JP02293085A2] PURPOSE: To surely and stably place the bundle of hollow-fiber 1
membranes in a honeycomb tube and to facilitate maintenance by setting a holder at the corner of the
upper end of the honeycomb tube and fixing many hollow-fiber membranes with the upper end
opened to a suction pipe laid in the holde

[From equivalent JP02095418A2] PURPOSE: To prevent the formation of a cake layer on a filter 1
membrane and to recover a large amt. of filtrate over a long period of time by carrying out solid-liq.
separation under low operation pressure with a filter membrane ensuring high flux of pure water in the
case of a liq. having high filterabilit

[From equivalent JP02307516A2] PURPOSE: To remove the deposit on a hollow fiber membrane by 1
filling a raw solution chamber with oxygen-containing gas at the washing time of a module and
internally pressurizing the hollow fiber membrane on the side of a transmitted liquid chambe

[From equivalent JP02083086A2] PURPOSE:To prevent the secondary filter from clogging by 1
disposing a bacteria- resistant means between the first filter and the second filter.
CONSTITUTION:Service water from a water supply line 6b pushes a valve 5 open to be fed into a
casing 3, and passes through an active carbon filter 7 and a micro-filter hole 9d of a hollow fiber 9b to
be discharged out of a filtrate line 10c. Impurities such as residual chlorine and the like are removed
by the active carbon filter 7 and various bacteria coming into the downstream side of the filter 7
cannot pass through the filter hole 9d of the hollow fiber 9b and cannot flow out either. The various
bacteria are prevented from proliferating by said process, and the clogging of the secondary filter can
be controlled to make the filter life longer to a large exten
[From equivalent JP02265607A2] PURPOSE:To prevent a filter area from being reduced due to the 1
deformation of a corrugated filter body by molding the corrugated filter body into a cylinder form to
obtain an element main body and allowing a reinforcing member to abut against the inner surface of
the filter body and also to hold the element main body to the corrugated cylinder and equipping both
this element main body and the reinforcing member to the element for filtration in a casing.
CONSTITUTION:An element 13 for filtration is arranged into a casing 3 and water is passed to a
secondary side from a primary side of the element 13 and purified. This element 13 is equipped with
both an element main body 17 wherein a corrugated filter body is molded in a cylinder form and a
reinforcing member 18 which is allowed to abut against the inner surface of the filter body and holds
the element main body 17 to the corrugated cylinder. As a result, the element main body 17 to the
corrugated cylinder. As a result, the element main body 17 can be held in a required shape and the
filter area can be prevented from being reduced by the change in the shape of the element main body
7. Further when a precoat layer is formed, uniformity and continuity of the precoat layer can be
drastically improve

[From equivalent JP02120465A2] PURPOSE: To extremely improve the water quality of a swimming 1
pool by processing a part of processing water processed with a hair catcher and a filter, with an active
carbon layer and a macaronic thread filter, and by restoring the water as highly cleaned water to the
swimming poo

PURPOSE: To always obtain clean water by removing generated ammonia or contaminant and also
killing propagated bacteria and further removing free chlorine in water by arranging a nitration module
consisting of a filter material and a mineral substance, a denitrification module and an ultraviolet lamp
in the water recirculation flow passage of a water tan

PURPOSE: To efficiently remove heavy metal ions and colloidal substances in water simultaneously 1
by adsorbing and collecting heavy metal ions such as Ni, Co or the like and colloidal substances
dissolved in a very small amount in water treatment technique by using a specific porous membrane
and holding pH to 3 or mor

PURPOSE: To obtain high deodorizing effect and high harmful matter removing effect by allowing 1
water to be treated to branch from a raw water flow passage to supply the same to one surface of the
diaphragm in a hollow fiber-like diaphragm type gas- liquid contact module which is hydrophobic and
has au oxygen transmission rate of a specific value or more and removing harmful matter out of the
system along with the water supplied to a water flow aspirato

PURPOSE: To judge the time to exchange sterilizing UV lamp or the maintenance time and to
maintain the sterilizing effect by detecting the output of the UV lamp by a visible light sensor and
indicating the outpu

PURPOSE: To sterilize activated carbon by ultraviolet rays and to eliminate the propagation of various
bacteria in activated carbon by dividing a water passing route facing an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp into
two upper and lower space parts by a filter and filling one space part with activated carbon by a
volumetric amount smaller than the volume of said spac
PURPOSE: To prevent oxidation loss of biologically active carbon by controlling ozone injection
quantity into an ozone reaction system so that a measured ultraviolet absorbance value of ozone
treated water after ozone removal measured with an ultraviolet absorptiometer is within a torelance
range of ultraviolet absorbanc

PURPOSE: To permit an effective use of hollow fiber membranes and thereby secure a 1
predetermined flow amt. and filtering capacity by providing a sealed part with at least one projection
extending into contact or proximity with the inside diameter part of a hollow fiber membrane cas

PURPOSE: To kill general various bacteria contained in water and to decompose org. matter such as
methanol by subjecting water to be treated flowing between an apparatus main body and a jacket to
the treatment due to the irradiation with ultraviolet rays and treating the air passing between the jacket
and an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp with ozone and ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To prolong the service life of a porous polymer membrane by forming a porous layer 1
contg. a polymer which is cross-linked by irradiation on the surface of a base materia

PURPOSE: To backflow and eliminate clogging of a filter medium by providing a returning means to 1
return purified water in a purified water storage section to the filter medium side, a blocking means for
blocking the purified water outlet side of the purified water storage section at the time of said returning
and a discharge section on the raw water feeding side of a filter medium disposed section to be
opened at the time of returnin

PURPOSE: To enhance filtration efficiency by supplying raw liquid to the space formed by a ceramic 1
filter and separating the raw liquid into filtrate and concentrate and also force-feeding a controlling
agent from the other sid

PURPOSE: To increase the rate of removal of formaldehyde from an aq. soln. by treatment with a 1
reverse osmotic membrane by adding ammoni

PURPOSE: To remove ammonia and free chlorine, etc., in water and to kill bacteria so as to purify the
water in a water tank by disposing a water electrolyzing device, water purifying modules consisting of
mineral materials and a UV lamp in the forced circulation paths of the water tan
PURPOSE: To continuously keep function by substituting a part of a polymer filter membrane group 1
with polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber having polytetrafluoroethylene sputtering membrane formed
to the surface thereo

PURPOSE: To perfectly remove the harmful matter generated in a water vessel by disposing a
denitriding module in the front flow and a nitrifying module in the middle flow as the water purifying
modules consisting of mineral matter in the forced circulation passage of water in the outside of the
water vessel, providing an ultraviolet ray lamp in the rear flow, and supplying oxygen into the front flow
of the nitrifying modul

PURPOSE: To efficiently control intermittent suction by placing plural hollow-fiber membrane modules 1
in a liq. mixture and providing a control valve to a suction branch pip

PURPOSE: To attain the direct use of the driving power of a lifting pump for regenerating filter media
and to eliminate the need for a special device by filtering sewage with a filter machine in which the
floating filter media are used and irradiating the filtrate with UV ray

PURPOSE: To efficiently remove the clads generated in a stage before a deaerator by passing the 1
condensate of steam generated in the boiler of a thermal power plant through a desalting column, a
low pressure-feed water heater and the deaerator, then subjecting the condensate to a cleaning
treatment with a porous hollow yarn membrane of a carbonaceous fibe

PURPOSE: To prevent the lowering of permeability or microorganism capturing performance for a 1

long time of usage by retaining a virus capturing substance and an antibacterial substance on the
surface of a substrate to form a virus capturing composite materia

PURPOSE: To obtain tasty water free of odors and bacteria by providing a sterilizing lamp and an IR
radiation source in a low-temp. water storage tank connected to a water purifying unit packed with
antibacterial activated carbon and a hollow-fiber membran

PURPOSE: To make the entire water purifier having adsorptivity and filterability compact by forming 1
the passage forming member of the water purifier consisting of the laminate of porous membranes
and in which the member is interposed between the adjacent membranes with an adsorben
PURPOSE: To separate a liquid mixture at high permeation rate with a high separation factor by using 1
a homogenous membrane based on chitosan or a salt thereof and carboxy methyl cellulose or a salt
thereof as a separation laye

PURPOSE: To clean silicon surface without leaving impurities and fine particles from cleaning fluid,
and finsh the repetition of process in a comparatively short time, by eliminating an oxide film with
hydrofluoric acid which film is formed by treatment in pure water containing ozone irradiated with
ultraviolet radiatio

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To desalt seawater, to simplify a system and to reduce the cost of the system to a large 1
extent by constituting the title apparatus of a support float body loaded with a seawater pump having a
float floating on the surface of the sea and a piston, an arm and a reverse osmosis modul

PURPOSE: To obtain the title unit free from decomposition of water, occurrence of pathogen of fish
disease and secondary pollution by treating water by a treating tank of ultraviolet light sterilization and
ozone sterilization, cooling water by a cooler, supplying water to culture tanks set at both sides of the
treating tank and the cooler and further recycling water through each tan

PURPOSE: To execute sterilization by ozone simultaneously with sterilization with UV rays without
requiring the separate equipment of an ozone generator by mounting a UV sterilizing lamp to the
intermediate point of a circulating pipeline and supplying the ozone generated by the irradiation of the
air with UV rays to the water in a water tan

PURPOSE: To easily remove a residual germicide and to prevent the increase of impurities and the
propagation of bacteria by applying germicidal treatment to water by means of a germicide, dissolving
gaseous hydrogen in the above water in which the germicide remains, and irradiating the above water
with ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To prevent the choking of the flow paths of a membrane module by providing a prefilter 1
having a large number of pore parts each having an opening cross-sectional area smaller than the
inner diameter of each of the tubular membranes of the membrane module and having the total
opening cross-sectional area equal to or larger than that of the membrane module on the upstream
side of the membrane modul
PURPOSE: To obtain tasty water which is good for health by bringing drinking water from which dusts,
rust, etc., have been removed into contact with a photocatalyst layer irradiated with ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To restrain the formation of concn. polarization layer or gel layer on the surface of 1
separation membrane and to maintain a high permeation velocity for a long period by making the flow
passage of liquid to be treated in zigzag in the flow direction of the liquid to be treate

PURPOSE: To obviate the need for back washing and permit a continuous filtering operation by a 1
method wherein a circulation of filter medium particles for reuse is made possible by supply means
such as a supply pipe and an ejector and a separation device is provided to permit a continuous
separation of the filter medium particles from unfiltered substance

PURPOSE: To prepare clean water from the beginning by constituting the title apparatus by arranging
a denitrification module composed of a mineral substance, a digestion module, an adsorbing module
and an ultraviolet lamp to a water forcible circulation flow pat

PURPOSE: To prevent the outflow of micro Metazoa from the outlet side of treated water into the 1
treated water by disposing a sand filter body and a nozzle body under bioactive carbon, and allowing
the sterilized water supplied from the outside to flow out into the sand filter body by the nozzle bod

PURPOSE: To contrive the reduction of the volume of radioactive waste and of the space required for 1
installing a filtering and desalting device by providing a filtering layer consisting of hollow fabric
membrane filter and a desalting layer consisting of ion-exchange fiber as a constituent in the same
containe

PURPOSE: To prevent the deterioration and clogging of reverse osmosis membranes by supplying 1
raw water to a forward module, treating the permeated water thereof with a reverse osmosis
membrane module, injecting an oxidizing agent to the raw water on a raw water supply side and
adjusting the concn. of the oxidizing agent in the permeated water to the concn. necessary for
sterilizatio

PURPOSE: To obtain the title apparatus made compact by reciprocally moving a piston member in a 1
cylinder hole to supply compressed air into a container and allowing the liquid in the container to flow
out through the flow path piercing through both of the piston member and a cylinder chambe
PURPOSE: To obtain a separation membrane having the good selective adsorbing capacity of an org. 1
acid such as phenol by mixing an olefinic resin with a crosslinked polyvinyl pyridine resin and forming
the resulting mixture into a shee

PURPOSE: To maintain the life of ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamp and to treat the whole water to be
treated efficiently and uniformly by providing jetting openings of water to be treated and ozone
between plural rows of ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamps, providing a filtration vessel in which filter
medium is piled up, and circulating the water to be treated and ozone by a pum

PURPOSE: To prevent the abnormal rise of differential pressure at the time of filtering by allowing 1
water to flow in a lower chamber from which waste washing water is drawn out after the completion of
a washing process to immerse a hollow yarn membrane module within the lower chamber in water
and subsequently introducing air into the lower chambe

PURPOSE: To obtain drinking water efficiently and inexpensively by sterilizing the dirty water from
which a solid is removed from rivers or lakes and marshes by ultraviolet rays and ozone gas and
subsequently treating the same with unicellular green algae R.Sagar strain 95 belonging to the genus
Chlamydomona

PURPOSE:To prevent the use of the filter with the performance of a purification bed deteriorated and 1
to secure the use of the filter without growing bacteria by successively arranging the purification bed,
a soluble bed and a clogging bed in the vertical direction. CONSTITUTION:The purification bed 1 (e.g.
activated carbon bed), the soluble bed 2 (e.g. soluble paper obtained by caking pulp with starch) and
the clogging bed 3 (e.g. high-density compressed nonwoven fabric) are successively arranged in the
vertical direction. Namely, when the performance of the purification bed 1 is gradually deteriorated or
the use is suspended, the soluble paper in the soluble bed 2 is gradually dissolved into the clogging
bed 3, and the filter is clogged. As a result, the filter is not used with the performance of the
purification bed 1 deteriorated. Furthermore, the filter is used without growing bacteri

PURPOSE: To efficiently produce pure water and ultrapure water by measuring the concn. of total
organic carbon(TOC) in water permeated through ion exchange resin and detecting the saturation
point of TOC adsorption due to ion exchange resin as the break point of this ion exchange resi

PURPOSE: To simply prepare water wherein the amount of dissolved oxygen is extremely small and
to safely control the amount to be added of hydrogen when hydrogen is used as a reducing agent by
dissolving a predetermined amount of the reducing agent in water having oxygen dissolved therein
before irradiating said water with ultraviolet ray
[From equivalent JP2004322100A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently suppress development 1
of an attached layer on a membrane surface without deepening an immersion tank and with a little ai

[From equivalent JP11207332A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion type 1

membrane filtering device of a siphon suction system, which can surely remove air in the piping by a
simple operatio

[From equivalent JP11137975A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the clogging of a 1

membrane module caused by the vibration of a membrane separation devic

[From equivalent JP2001321642A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a piping structure in 1

which a support construction for individually fixing various pipings as used in a conventional piping is
made unnecessary by allowing a portion of the piping to serve also as a support member for the
piping and in which a change of a lay-out and an increase, or the like, of devices are made easier by
making the support reconstruction unnecessary and to provide a filter device using this piping
structure. SOLUTION: A horizontal part 30a and an erection part 30b of a raw liquid return pipe line 30
being a portion of a pipe line of a filter membrane unit 5 are formed to an L shape via an elbow 30c,
and a lower end part of the erection part 30b is fixed to a pedestal 51, thus the membrane filter unit 5
is constituted such that it independently stands one's own legs by itsel

PURPOSE: To carry out continuous filtration by providing a partition plate for dividing the hollow 1
rotating shaft of a cylindrical filter body into two sections in its axial direction, flow passages piercing
the rotating shaft on both sides of the partition plate and contaminant exfoliating particles packed in
the filter bod

PURPOSE: To improve the adhesiveness between the surface of a protective film and a lubricant with
a simple equipment by subjecting the protective film to any of a ultrasonic (UV) treatment, UV+ozone
treatment and UV+ozone+ water treatmen

PURPOSE: To obtain a composite treatment apparatus enhanced in space and energy conservation
efficiency by receiving a high speed oxidative decomposition reaction and degassing apparatus and
an adsorptive filtering apparatus in the same tank in series to perform high speed ozone and
ultraviolet irradiation oxidative decomposition reaction treatment and degassing treatmen
PURPOSE: To perfectly remove an endotoxin especially difficult to remove among pyrogens by 1
transmitting pyrogen-containing water through an adsorbent layer and a precise filter membrane
module and subsequently transmitting the same through an ultrafiltration membrane modul

PURPOSE: To allow the rapid cleaning and sterilizing treatment of polluted water and the
miniaturization of the above device by feeding ozone-contg. air into a bubble generator and subjecting
water to be treated to the combined effect of UV rays and ozone-contg. bubbles in an aeration tan

PURPOSE: To obtain a membrane having a high salt removing rate by laminating a semipermeable 1
ultrathin membrane and a membrane composed of a block or graft copolymer having a quarternized
polyvinyl pyridine segment to a porous base materia

PURPOSE: To separate a suspensoid according to the chemical characteristics by connecting a first 1

separating means to separate coarse particles in a suspension, an ion exchange tower and a second
separating means to separate the suspensoid from the suspension treated by ion exchange in series
and returning the resulting treated liq. from the second separating means to the first separating mean

PURPOSE: To enhance the oxygen dissolution efficiency of an aerobic bioreaction chamber by using 1
a spiral type membrane module wound with a separating membrane via a spacer of a corrugated
board shape on the outer periphery of a water collecting pipe as the membrane module of a
membrane separato

PURPOSE: To obtain distilled water having extremely high purity and suitable for a use such as the 1
manufacturing of a semiconductor, the electronic industry, the preparation of medicines and medical
treatment by providing a hydrophobic porous membrane and constituting the constitutional member
becoming the contact state with distilled water on the downstream side of the hydrophobic porous
membrane of titanium or a titanium allo

PURPOSE: To convert org. matter in water to a gaseous and ionic inorg. form at room temp. by the
oxidative decomposition thereof at drastic speed by combining exciting rays such as ultraviolet rays or
radiation and an oxidizing agent such as oxygen, hydrogen peroxide or ozon

PURPOSE: To produce a semipermeable membrane with suppressed elution of hydrophilic resin 1

under simple and mild conditions by dipping a semipermeable membrane comprising aromatic
polysulfone containing hydrophilic resin in a polycarboxylic acid of specified compsn. and then
treating the membrane by heatin
PURPOSE: To obtain a water purifier from which air can be vented accurately without requiring any 1
operation of an air vent valve by forming the air vent part from a gas-permeable and hydrophobic
material on the surface of a wall near the place of fixedly attaching a hollow fiber membran

PURPOSE: To obtain a fresh water of good quality at a substantially low production cost by a method 1
wherein a container which has its surface formed of a semipermeable membrane and whose exterior
and interior parts are isolated from each other is sunk into seawater to such a depth as to be able to
obtain the pressure not lower than the osmotic pressure of the seawate

PURPOSE: To effect filtration, which is stable for a long period of time, by filtering a liquid containing 1
organic substances by the use of a hollow fiber membrane precoated with inorganic fine particles, and
when the permeating rate of the liquid begins lower, effecting backwash and the like in order to
separate the inorganic fine particles from the hollow fiber membrane, and thereby drawing these
particles out of the syste

PURPOSE: To improve disinfecting effect by a method wherein the upper half of a water treating
device is made narrower than the lower half thereof, an ultraviolet disinfecting lamp and a filter tank
are provided in the upper half thereof and the water to be treated is poured from above the ultraviolet
disinfecting lam

PURPOSE:To lower the temp. of a hollow-fiber membrane, to reduce the roughening of the 1
membrane surface and to obviate a decrease in an effect in peeling the fine particles captured by the
membrane by lowering the temp. of water in a filtration tower prior to the scrubbing.
CONSTITUTION:A hollow-fiber membrane module 1 obtained by bundling many hollow-fiber
membranes 2 is suspended from a partition plate 10 separating the inside of a filtration tower 9 into
the upper chamber F and lower chamber R. In the filtration stage, raw water contg. fine particles is
introduced into the lower chamber R and passed through the membrane 2 to capture the fine particles
outside the membrane 2, and the filtered water obtained inside the membrane 2 is discharged from
the upper chamber F. In the cooling stage, the temp. of water in the tower 9 is lowered. In the
scrubbing stage, bubbles are supplied to the water close to the membrane 2 to agitate the water,
hence the membrane 2 is vibrated, and the fine particles outside the membrane 2 are peeled off. The
waste cooling water contg. the peeled fine particles is discharged from the lower chambe

[From equivalent JP11333258A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To vary the pressure of a liquid to be 1

treated introduced into a membrane separation device in compliance with the density of the liquid to
be treated so that the device is operated by the maximum value (optimum operating pressure) of the
operating pressure in the linear proportional relation with the penetrating flux densit

PURPOSE: To disperse semiconductor fine particles in water to be treated to carry out efficient optical
treatment of the water to be treated by bundling fibers to whose surface semiconductor fine particles
adhere and inserting the bundled fibers into a tank 9f the water to be treated and irradiating the
treatment tank with ultraviolet ray
PURPOSE: To remove the suspended matter and ionic material in the liq. to be treated from an 1
atomic power plant with a single device by arranging a hollow-fiber membrane filter outside a water
intake pipe and an ion-exchange resin insid

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To provide the device which is suitable for cleaning of a large volume of water and is
compact and to allow the utilization of the water contg. a large amt. of ozone to the sterilization of
particles and more particularly foodware by utilizing an electrolysis method and further natural stone
and active carbon for an ozone generator and utilizing UV rays as a sterilization effec

PURPOSE: To ensure a large amount of desired purified water over a long period of time by passing 1
water through a hollow yarn membrane from inside to the outside, and always washing the inner
surface of the hollow yarn membrane with primary filtered water excepting the treatment time of wate

PURPOSE: To treat the quality of the separated liquid from the sludge of a purifying tank without 1
applying biological treatment to obtain dischargeable water quality by injecting a flocculant in the
sludge of the purifying tank, and subsequently subjecting the sludge to the separation treatment due
to an ultrafiltration membrane with a fractionation mol.wt. of 10000 or les

PURPOSE: To appropriately producing fresh water by desalting such as salt water or sea water and 1
super purified water for manufacturing semiconductor by further allowing a composite semipermeable
membrane in which semipermeable thin film is formed to contact with a polyfunctional cross-linking
agent, in order to improve the removing abilit

PURPOSE: To allow the execution of a safe and economical treatment by passing water contg. nitrate
nitrogen to an anion exchange resin of a chlorine type to remove the nitrate nitrogen and continuously
detecting the concn. of the nitrate nitrogen in treated water by a monitor for the absorbance of a UV
par
PURPOSE: To maintain always water in various kinds of pools sanitarily with one unit of a purifier by
providing the purifier to purify water in all the pools among various kinds of pools equipped with their
own filters to make it possible to circulated purified wate

PURPOSE: To prevent bubbles from hindering UV transmission and to enhance UV irradiation

efficiency by separating and setting an ozone treatment in the fore stage of a UV oxidation treatment
with the above device which sterilizes the water of ponds, lakes, etc., and decomposes away the org.
matter of org. waste wate

PURPOSE: To facilitate the removal of fine particles and a dissolved gas by opening one end of each 1
hollow yarn, closing the other end of the hollow yarn and forming a membrane module by providing an
opening part in the cylinder wall of each room divided the inside of the case into two with a middle
partitio

PURPOSE:To allow the periodic washing of a water purifying cylinder and to prevent the formation of 1
water paths in the filter media in the water purifying cylinder so that general bacteria do not infilter the
inside of the water purifying cylinder and do not propagate in the water purifying cylinder by allowing
the washing of the water purifying cylinder by running the city water in a city water faucet pipe
backward into the water purifying cylinder even if the water purifying cylinder is contaminated by the
waste, etc., of the city water. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical valve disk 6 integral with the water
purifying cylinder 5 packed with the filter media is rotatably inserted into a casing 10. A city water inlet
port 12, a city water outlet port 13, and a purified water outlet port 14 are provided in this casing 10
and 1st, 2nd and 3rd flow passages 21 to 23 are provided on the valve disk 6. This 1st flow passage
21 is communicated with one end of the water purifying cylinder 5 and the 2nd flow passage 22 is
communicated with the other end of the water purifying cylinder 5. The 3rd flow passage 23 is
communicated with the city water outlet port 13 and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd flow passages 21 to 23 are
opened respectively on the outer peripheral surfaces of the valve disk 6 in the axial positions
corresponding to the city water inlet port 12 and the purified water discharge port 14. Consequently,
the periodic washing of the water purifying cylinder is possible and the propagation of the general
bacteria within the water purifying cylinder is prevente

PURPOSE: To offer a filter/seperator entirely free from sticking of suspended solid, fibrous matter and 1
hair on the filter medium and without entangle and also capable of maintaining extremely high filter
rate for a long period of tim

PURPOSE: To improve performance and to compact the water purifying device by forming a hollow 1
membrane module in the central part of a cartridge and bisecting active carbon and hollow
membranes by the hollow membrane module and the filter held by the inside wall of the cartridg
PURPOSE: To enhance the productivity of a hollow yarn membrane module used in a water purifier 1
by arranging a part for fixing a hollow yarn membrane bundle in the closed end of a cylindrical
housing to fix said bundle by a fixing member, and cutting the bundle to form the opening end theret

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifier having respective water purifying members capable of being 1
replaced appropriately and independently and capable of effectively utilizing the space of a sink by
separately providing an adsorbing member using activated carbon relatively stable in life and a
precise filter using a hollow fiber membrane unstable in life according to a use conditio

PURPOSE: To simply perform the replacement of an ultraviolet sterilizing light source and the
washing and replacement of a filter medium and to enhance the decompositional removal effect by
ozon

PURPOSE: To treat water so that offensive smell and taste or a very small amount of org. matters do 1
not remain in treated water by a method wherein a ceramic filter is immersed in the mixed liquid within
an aeration tank and a suction pump is allowed to communicate with the ceramic filter on the suction
side thereof and the air diffusing part of the air diffusion apparatus communicating with an ozone
generator on the suction side of the filter is provided to the aeration tan

PURPOSE: To allow the return of the clean treated water permeated through the external pressure 1
type ceramic filter of a precision filter device to water intake equipment through a reflux route for back
washing water by capturing the turbid matter of the solid contents contained in the back washing
water by the external pressure type ceramic filte

PURPOSE: To produce a filter capable of removing COD component and chromaticity components by 1
providing a plurality of pieces of filtration membranes for precision filtration or ultrafiltration in a tubular
filtration membrane module and packing an adsorbent in the hollow parts of the insides of these
filtration membrane

PURPOSE: To prolong the time until a membrane module which is immersed in a liquid to be treated 1
in a water treatment apparatus should be back-washe

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifier utilizing two or more kinds of filter materials for simply and 1
rapidly purifying water such as tap water or rainwate
PURPOSE: To simplify equipment constituted so that the external pressure type membrane module 1
arranged in a treatment tank to filter water to be treated is easily taken out of the treatment tank and
sent into the tan

PURPOSE: To provide a filter apparatus constituted so that ascending flow of uniform flux can be 1
formed to a membrane surface by arranging the flux shape of a jet stream by a jet stream guide and a
casing and energy consumption can be reduced by avoiding an increase in the output and capacity of
a pump by efficiently performing washing and the amount of the jet stream emitted from a jet pipe is
reduced by injecting the upward flow even from both sides of the set stream guide by air lift action to
further conserve energy consumptio

PURPOSE: To provide the method for treating the ozone generated at the time of obtaining the water 1
from which bacteria, virus and pollutants are removed by a purification treatment, such as membrane
treatment with a specific member, such as a membrane contg. an ozone decomposition agent and/or
ozone absorbent and more particularly an ultrafilter membrane or micro-filter membran

PURPOSE: To position the inner pipe inserted in a module case without damaging the workability in 1
the bundling, packing, potting and cutting of hollow yarn membranes in the preparation of a hollow
yarn membrane modul

PURPOSE: To prevent breeding of miscellaneous germs in a water purifier by constituting it with

active carbon removing organic substances through contact with water and an ultraviolet lamp
decomposing organic substances in water by radiatio

PURPOSE: To prevent clogging of a separation membrane and a raw water passage of membrane 1
separation equipmen

[From equivalent JP2004154725A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance the waterproofness 1

and low dusting characteristics of a separation membrane module used for ozone dissolution et

[From equivalent JP2006167510A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an assembly using a 1

cylindrical ion exchange membrane, in which one tip part of the cylindrical ion exchange membrane
(4) can easily be positioned quickly in a circular groove (16 or 26) formed on an edge member (8 or
10) with satisfactory precision and fixed satisfactorily firml
[From equivalent JP2006088017A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment 1
apparatus which enables an increase in chemical cleaning interval of the apparatus and improvement
in operating efficiency of the apparatus by efficiently removing deposit adhering to the surface of a
membrane, and its operating metho

[From equivalent JP2007237016A2] PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seawater filtering 1

method allowing a stable filtering operation for a long time. SOLUTION: The seawater filtering
method for ultrafiltrating seawater to utilize it as aquiculture seawater of fishes and shellfishes
comprises the steps of, during filtering treatment operation for 24 hours, dipping an ultrafiltration
membrane in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution of 3 to 200 ppm for 1 to 3 hours and then
washing the membrane with water by a back pressure. The ultrafiltration membrane is preferably a
polyethersulfone membrane. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INP

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To reproduce the processed water in a sterilized state at a reusable level for rinse shower 1
in the title water recovery method from thin drain produced by the cleaning step of soldered printed
substrat

PURPOSE: To efficiently separate and recover a particulate such as titanium dioxide in a water by 1
passing a water to be treated, in which the particulate such as titanium dioxide is suspended, around
an ultraviolet lamp to ultraviolet irradiation treat then passing through a reverse osmosis membran

PURPOSE: To prevent the outflow of water to the outside of the device even in the case of a trouble in
a water level sensor by disposing a partition plate on the water injection port side of the device body
in such a manner that the water falls into a UV sterilizing lamp housing chamber and, further,
disposing a water level adjusting plate having a water level adjusting part in the upper part on the
drain port sid

PURPOSE: To sufficiently remove contaminant contained in seawater which is supplied to the 1

desalination device thereof by a reverse osmosis metho

PURPOSE: To maintain a constant ozone treating effect by constituting a means deciding an injected
ozone concentration based on a measured value by an intelligent ceramic sensor and a measured
value by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer for the treated water to be introduced into an ozone treating
tan
PURPOSE:To prevent the propagation of microorganisms in the feed water freed from the residual 1
chlorine accumulated in a filter and a feed water passage from the filter. CONSTITUTION:A DC
voltage is impressed between the filter of the water purifier main body 7 contained in a sink 2 as a
positive electrode and the negative electrode in the purified water passage from a dry cell to prevent
the propagation of in the city water accumulated in the main body 7. A DC voltage is impressed
between the discharge pipe 53 of a purified water tap 8 as a negative electrode and a positive
electrode in the discharge port of a cartridge from the dry cell to obviate the propagation of
microorganisms in the city water accumulated in the tap

PURPOSE: To provide a filter equipped with hollow yarn membranes having high filtering capacity, 1
hard to generate clogging and having long lif

PURPOSE:To separate a suspension so that bacteria are held to high concn. in a bacteria reaction 1
system and the capacity of a separation membrane can be kept for a long time. CONSTITUTION:In
the concn. and separation of a suspension, at first, the suspension of a suspension tank 1 is treated in
a rough concn. and separation process 2 and the obtained conc. solution 6 is returned to the
suspension tank 1 to be again supplied to the rough concn. and separation process. This treatment
process is repeated while the separated solution 2 is supplied to a membrane separation process 3 to
be treated and a part of the obtained conc. solution 9 is returned to the suspension tank 1 and the
remainder is circulated to the membrane separation process 3 to obtain a transmitted solution 8.
When the suspension contains anaerobic bacteria, the separation process is entirely performed in an
anaerobic stat

PURPOSE: To obtain a fine porous membrane having significantly improved hydrophilicity, excellent 1
durability and thermal stability, etc., by coating the surface of a hydrophobic polymer porous
membrane and inner surfaces of penetrating fine pores with a primer layer comp a material having
low hydrophilicity and further coating with a water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer materia

PURPOSE: To reduce a nonionic silica component in pure water or ultrapure water as low as possible
by subjecting the nonionic silica component to the catalytic reaction with ozone and irradiating the
reacted component with ultraviolet rays simultaneously with or after this reaction process to ionize the
same and passing the ionized component through an ion exchange resin towe

PURPOSE: To separate solid. and liq. without using any chemical and to minimize the amt. of solid to 1
be discarded by separating a liq. contg. a submicron fine particle into a permeated liq. and a concd.
liq. with a membrane separator and separating the concd. liq. into solid and liq. with a microfiltration
membrane having a specified pore diamete

[From equivalent US4255255] An apparatus and process for tubular membrane separation, such as 1
reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration, with an arrangement for removing undesirable deposits from the
semipermeable membrane surfaces. For the removal of the deposits, elastic elements are passed,
together with the feed solution being treated, through the tubular modules lined with semipermeable
membranes, separated from the solution, and are recycled with a fresh supply of the solution from a
tank, so that the semipermeable membranes are continuously cleaned while separating a part of the
solution by permeation therethrough.
N/A 1

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To prevent the contamination of a primary pure water line, the inside of a primary pure 1
water storage tank, etc., in an apparatus for producing pure water by org. matter, colloid, particles,
bacteria, etc., and to facilitate the maintenance of facilitie

PURPOSE: To prevent a permeation flux through a ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis 1

membrane from becoming deteriorated, with high efficiency by adding an anionic surfactant to a spent
liquid containing acrylate-based substanc

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifier excellent in removal capacity for residual solid matter stuck 1
among particles of activated carbon or on the purifying mechanism, such as a hollow fiber membrane
layer and has a purifying mechanism having a long lif

PURPOSE: To make the installing area of a purification plant for supplying city water compact and to 1
facilitate maintenance in the purification treatment of surface water by adopting a hollow fiber type
ultrafiltration membrane treatment system accompanied by automatic pressure accumulating
backwas

PURPOSE: To make a portable water purifier compact and lightweight by using a substance forming 1
the gas by the reaction with water as the means for compressing the air in the vesse

PURPOSE: To provide a membrane filter having a new compact treating system where an adsorbent 1
is effectively and economically used and soluble and insoluble materials are removed with high
efficiency and the conventional treating process is made an overall revision o
PURPOSE: To simplify equipment by performing both the clarification with a membrane filter equipped 1
with a membrane module and the removal of soluble materials with an adsorber in the same
equipmen

PURPOSE: To continue filtering operation with low power and without lowering filtration speed by 1
making a concentrated water discharge pipe of a crossflow membrane module a siphon pipe whose
top part is at a height between the top part of a raw water introducing path and the membrane modul

PURPOSE: To prevent the clogging of a fine hole when the hollow-fiber membrane is backwashed in 1
the membrane to be used for a water treating filter by coating the inner face of the fine hole bored in
the membrane with ceramic

PURPOSE: To improve the efficiency in killing alga by utilizing the correlation between the plankton
amt. and turbidity, increasing or decreasing the amt. of water to be treated in accordance with the
measured turbidity, adjusting the amt. of water passing through the UV irradiation region and
controlling the irradiating UV quantity for the plankto

PURPOSE: To eliminate the generation of trihalomethane, etc., and to enable automatic operation 1
with a small space by adding a flocculant to raw water so as to flocculate impurities, filtrating the raw
water by a membrane element and sterilizing the filtrated water by chlorin

PURPOSE: To efficiently decompose ammonia contained in seawater without wasting ozone by

providing an ozone reaction tank equipped with an ultraviolet lamp and decomposing oxidant
generated from bromine contained in seawater and ozone by ultraviolet rays having prescribed
wavelength emitted from the ultraviolet lam

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To obtain a filter optimum for a water purifier by limiting the average pore sizes of a 1
support, an intermediate membrane and a membrane to definite ranges and also limiting the
thicknesses of the intermediate membrane and the membrane to definite range
PURPOSE: A captioned apparatus for performing membrane separating process by separating into 1
plural step

PURPOSE: To prevent a membrane from being clogged by virtually eliminating ununiformity of 1

turbulance due to the deflecting current in a tub

PURPOSE: Forced oxidation treatment apparatus, using ultra violet rays and ozone, carrying out the
treatment with irrigating water etc. effectively by multiplicate effect of ultra violet ray and ozon

PURPOSE: To easily obtain drinking water by sinking a cell equipped with an osmotic membrane 1
under water. In the cell water collecting chamber B is placed at the side A of water permeated the
membrane, a non-return valve which opens to B only is set at a flowing water channel from A to B and
B is exposed to the atomosphere by a joining pip

PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus using an ion exchange resin effectively, by controlling and 1
regulating quality of water treated with a reverse osmosis constantly, in an water-purifying apparatus
provided with an ion exchange resin purifier subsequent to a reverse osmosis membrane desalting
apparatu

PURPOSE: To remove salts in raw water effectively and to obtain purified water of high purity, in such 1
a way that a coasulant is added to raw water so as to separate flocs followed by filtration and
desaltation with an apparatus for reverse osmosi

PURPOSE: Separating apparatus with membrane, equipping many hollow yarn, having membrane 1
wall selective permeable property against fluid and able to flow treating fluid to the axial direction of
hollow yarn layer uniforml
PURPOSE: A hollow thread type membrane separation unit in which fluid to be treated flows through 1
a hollow thread layer uniformly, any short circuit streams and dead spaces are not present, the speed
of the fluid flowing through the hollow thread layer can be increased as far as possible, and
concentration polarization is lo

PURPOSE: Process for producing the purified water highly purified and suitable as the treating water
for electronic industries, by combining the treatment with ion exchange resins and the irradiation of
ultraviolet rays, etc., at the specified orde

PURPOSE: To provide a separating method. This method is, first of all, to deposit organic matter from 1
liquid containing organic matter such as protein, amino acid, fats and oils, oil component and etc.
Second, separated liquid is concentrated and is separated into diluted liquid and concentrated liquid.
Then, concentrated liquid is returned to the organic matter deposting process to obtain harmless
purified liquid. At the same time, used agent is collected and recycled so that secondary pollution can
be prevented from occurrin

PURPOSE:To produce a semipermeable combined membrane of excellent strength and water 1

pemeability, causing no deterioration in water-permeability by hot water treatment at a comparatively
high temperature and by dryin

PURPOSE: To obtain the reverse permeable membrane, used for turning sea water into fresh water 1
or treating waste water, having high solvent permeable flow velocity and high solute refusal rate, by
treating with corona discharge on its surfac

PURPOSE: To prevent deposition of gypsum scale from concentrated solution formed as a counter 1
part of desalt smoothly the solution containing Ca and SO4 ion

N/A 1
PURPOSE: To effectively remove membrane contaminants and to improve the efficiency of desalting 1
by passing filtered seawater to which biocides have been added through an osmotic membrane under
pressrue and then passing it through a reverse osmotic membrane under pressur

PURPOSE: To prevent the deterioration of the separator due to scaling on the reverse-osmosis 1
membrane surface by filtering a raw water with a hollow-fiber filter membrane module unit and then
supplying the filtered water to a reverse- osmosis liq. separato

PURPOSE: To aim at the increase of the filling rate of hollow fiber and the permeability by the 1
arrangement in which the end of the hollow fiber is connected to the inner part of the core tube
provided near the center axis of cylindrical vessel, and the hollow fiber layer is wound spirally around
the core tube so as to constitute the plate shape hollow fiber assemblag

PURPOSE: To eliminate the clogging of a hollow-fiber membrane by providing a heater for heating 1
feed water, continuously filtering a liq. contg. fine particles and suspended matter and periodically
applying air blowin

PURPOSE: To lower the adsorptivity of hydrocarbon-based organic substances in water by using a 1

polysulfone-based hollow yarn membrane as a filter and to improve back washing efficiency by
contriving the shapes of fine pore

PURPOSE: To attempt to prevent a bonding material and a case storing a hollow fiber membrane in a 1
water purifying filter from deforming by shutting immediately a path to the water purifying filter side
and discharging directly the water outside even when hot water flows into the main bod

PURPOSE: To perform efficient treatment as a whole by making the thickness of a fluid layer to be
treated constan

PURPOSE: To enhance the salt removing efficiency of a RO membrane separation apparatus in a 1

second stage and provide treated water with high quality in two-stage RO membrane separation
apparatus wherein pH is adjusted to alkali side by adding alkali to raw wate
PURPOSE: To suppress decrease of the, amt. of water to permeate at the time of purifying the raw 1
water contg. org. matter with a porous membrane by positively adding fine particles before the water
is treated with a filter mediu

PURPOSE: To prevent the sticking and growth of a cake layer or the like and to make the 1
consumption of electric power small by preventing the generation of dead space in a filter membrane
element in a filtration device and uniformly washing the whole membrane surfac

PURPOSE: To make safe and potable purified water suppliable by providing an ultraviolet beam
emission lamp or a wash-back control means for driving microbes which collect near the surface of a
bioactive carbon tank, when the generation of an ozone gas from an ozone generator of an ozone
reaction tower stop

PURPOSE: To enable the uniform flow of upward currents at a sufficient velocity of flow and the sure 1
washing of the entire part of the membrane surfaces of filter membrane modules by forming the
spacing between the adjacent filter membrane modules to the width which decreases gradually from
the bottom side toward the top side and is uniform in the transverse direction of the filter membrane
module

PURPOSE: To efficiently produce water of high quality as purified water of tap water or raw material 1
water of pure water from water by providing a clarifying device, a membrane filter device and the
intermediate tank temporarily storing primary treated water provided between both device

PURPOSE: To maintain water purifying performance by a water purifying cartridge for a water purifier 1
for by arranging an antibacterial means for dissolving out copper ions or metallic ions which have
ionization tendency larger than the copper ions and have antibacterial properties in the inlet side of
raw material in a water purifying filter of a hollow yarn membrane arranged with an extremely fine
steel fibrous bod

PURPOSE: To improve water quality without using chemicals, to maintain the effect semipermanently,
and to make the installation work simple without requiring a large space by arranging permanent
magnets and far ultraviolet radiation ceramic bodies correspondingly in an apparatus of external lid
pipe cases sandwiching a water supply pip

N/A 1
PURPOSE: To efficiently decompose an organic material and to reduce the used amount of an ozone
by treating water containing the organic material with an ozone-contained gas under ultraviolet ray
radiatio

PURPOSE: To maintain the transmission membrane efficiency for a long term and to make the 1
operation control easy using simple method by separating the liquid containing organic and inorganic
substances into the condensed liquid and the liquid transmitted through the membrane under the
predetermined flow rate and transmitting liquid amount with applying the pressur

PURPOSE: To make suspended solid difficult to be stuck on the surface of a hollow yarn membrane 1
and to easily remove the suspended solid stuck on the surface of the hollow yarn membrane in the
case of filtering raw water of a river or the like by the hollow yarn membran

PURPOSE: To effectively restore the filtering capacity of a filter member by backwashin 1

PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus capable of producing purified water containing no harmful 1

substance, high in safety and having good taste by successively providing an adsorbing tank, a
mineral eluting tank, an ultraviolet irradiation tank and a micro-filtering tank between the inlet of a raw
water tank and a purified water taking-out port in this orde

PURPOSE: To make hollow, semipermeable composite membrane which shows no decrease in water 1
permeability after hot-water treatment, by burying a core material e.g. plaited cord in a polymer soln.
in such a manner that the core material is present near the interface between the soln. and a
coagulating liq. in order to coagulate the polyme

PURPOSE: To prevent the clogging of hollow yarn membranes at the time of back washing by 1
arranging a filter on the upstream side of the hollow yarn membrane outlet of a back washing flow
passage in a water purifying cartridge and providing a body with a drain part for discharging the back
washed raw wate

PURPOSE: To easily preserve an apparatus for desalination of seawater by reverse osmosis at a low 1
cost without deteriorating the membranes of the membrane module at the time of stopping the
apparatu
PURPOSE: To improve the treating capacity of the device by providing an outlet for treated water with 1
separating membranes which allow the permeation of treated water subjected to the removal or
decrease of nitrogen oxides and reserve nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst particulates in a chambe

PURPOSE: To generate ozone in liquid by applying high voltage while feeding air or oxygen to a lot of 1
hollow yarn membranes having micropores arranged in an insulated vesse

PURPOSE: To safely and efficiently decompose an organic material of low conc. in a water to be
treated after secondary treating by allowing the water to be treated containing the organic material to
come into contact with an active oxygen generated by irradiating ozone containing air with ultraviolet
rays to decompose the contained organic materia

PURPOSE: To attempt to make exchange rate of a membrane proper assuming that a guaranteed 1
quality of water is ensured in the operation of a reverse osmosis type sea water desalination apparatu

PURPOSE: To carry out efficiently the fractionation, separation and concentration of organic matter 1
and inorganic matter, by treating the liquid containing orgnaic matter and inorganic matter by
combining the membrane separating method utilizing the ultrafiltration membrane, etc., the usually
utilized separating method and the concentrating method for the separated liqui

PURPOSE: To give treated water of high purity and concentrated soln. of high concn. with high 1
desalting efficiency, by desalting exhaust water contg. salt of relatively low concn., by use of a reverse
osmotic apparatus, by dialyzing the conc. soln. in a diluting chamber of an electric dialyzing
apparatus, and by treating the dil. soln. in the reverse osmotic apparatu

PURPOSE: To provide the subject process complising the steps of roughly purifying a solution to be 1
treated, thereafter concentrating said solution up to the scale component procipitation limit by an
inverse penetration membrane, whereby desalted water can be obtained at a high recovery ratio, and
the capacity of scale removing treatment is reduced to obtain treated water of good qualit
[From equivalent JP53042187A2] PURPOSE: To increase membrane area per unit volume in inverse 1
osmotic apparatus using semipermeable membrane by installing porous, long and narrow support,
which is wrapped with membrane on both side as with a bag, to a porous pipe for collecting
permeated solution and by arranging these permeating units spirall

PURPOSE: To prolong the life of a tubular membrane separator and to improve the efficiency of 1
membrane separation, by simplifying pre-treatment by pre-treating seawater by means of filters, such
as, a filter or a strainer with specified hole diameter, etc. and by introducing the treated liquied to the
tubular memebrane separato

PURPOSE: To provide a simple domestic fresh-water-making apparatus which yields demineralized 1

water easily, by using one of two flow paths partitioned by reverse osmotic semipermeable
membrane, and by installing a water-permeable press. material made of capillary tubes or porous
material at the outlet side of the flow pat

PURPOSE: A sheet of acrylonitril semipermeable membrane is prepared and fabricated into tubular 1
form, whereby the sheet is seamed by using adhesive comprising polymer solution of the same
component as the membrane or similar one, to thereby provide adhesively processed membrane
without losing its original functio

PURPOSE: In a combination of heating precess and condensation process (by film filter device) on a 1
liquid containing organic and inorganic matter which precipitates on heating, to ensure effective use of
the heating and to reduce the scale trouble of the heating membe

PURPOSE: For an efficient concentration of the solution to a high concentration within a specified 1
range of operational pressure without lossing solute, the original solution is concentrated first by using
a back osmosis membrane having high exclusion ratio, second by using a back osmosis membrane
having low exclusion rati

PURPOSE: To prevent the lowering of flux with simplified system and at lower cost by irradiating 1
supersonic wave through a supporting tube onto reverse osmosis membrane attached inside a
supporting tube arranged in a liquid housing containe
PURPOSE: To obtain a separating membrane with superior alcohol separability by forming a soln. of 1
a saponified \Aalpha;-olefin-vinyl acetate copolymer into a membrane in a non-solvent having a
specific solubility parameter and dipping the membrane is an alcohol mediu

PURPOSE: To economically carry out with a high water recovery preventing the deposition of silicic 1
acid scale, by running the water through the next stage permeating membrane heightening pH of
concentrated water, after running the water solution containing silicic acid through permeating
membrane and concentrating silicic acid in the solution in saturated or nearly saturated state on the
concentrated water sid

PURPOSE: To reduce the press. applied to the concn. side of a reverse osmosis module, in 1
desalination of seawater or concn. of harmful matter by a reverse osmosis method, by making the
soln. temp. of the concn. side higher and the soln. temp. of the permeation side lower to give an
osmotic press. due to the temp. differenc

PURPOSE: To form a porous thin layer with fine pores 0.01 to 1 micron in pore diameter, having a 1
porosity of 10 to 30% and a thickness of 10 to 500 microns and consisting of triiron tetraoxide and
glass powder, on the surface of sinered alumina thin plat

PURPOSE: To prevent the occurrence of blinding due to the growth of microorganisms in apparatus 1
economically and effectively by admixture of sodium hypochlorite produced by electrolysis of the sea
water into the original sea water followed by treatment using a reverse osmosis apparatu

PURPOSE: To obtain the high-purity permeated water by circulating the permeated water after a 1
reverse osmotic membrane treatment to mix it with a water to be treated, and passing this mixed
water through the reverse osmotic membrane apparatu

PURPOSE: The cellulose acetate base reverse osmosis membrane treating agent which is composed 1
primarily of the vinyl polymer having ester groups, carboxyl groups and carboxyester groups at side
chains and is useful for treating aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of organic solvents
and desalination of sea wate
PURPOSE: To enable polar organic molecules to be removed from solution of inorganic salts at high 1
selection rates by contacting and crosslinking the polyamine thin film provided on a liquid-permeable
and porous substrate with the solution of polyalycyclic dicarbonyl halide solution which is reactive with
NH2 groups and NH groups of polyamin

PURPOSE: To obtain drinking lifesaving water without the need for excess power by utilizing the 1
forces resulting from the rocking acceleration of ship and the weights of human bodies as the driving
force of pum

PURPOSE: To selectively remove only the residual chlorine and enable toxic substances such as
agricultural chemicals, cyan, etc. to be detected accurately and rapidly by exposing air to the purified
water while radiating ultraviolet rays for a short tim

PURPOSE: To purify waste liquid at high efficiency, by treating the waste liquid containing oily matter 1
and metal fine particles with adsorbent made of lipophilic fibers and porous hollow fil

PURPOSE: To reduce the supply pressure of water as well as economize the cost required for water 1
supply pump by lessening concentrating phenomenon occuring in the neighbohood of membrane by
sending back a part of concentrated water to the saline water supply sid

PURPOSE: To obtain a general purpose and highly economical submerged desalination apparatus in 1
which an electric dialyzer and a reverse osmosis device are arranged vertically under the sea and
desalination is carried out by utilizing the static pressure of the se

PURPOSE: To remove iron content with good efficiency as well as make the regeneration of 1
membrane easier by treating water containing a small amount of iron by using a polyvinyl alcohol
hollow filament membrane having a fine pore structur
PURPOSE: To stabilize the quality of water when a valve for water supply is changed from stop to 1
supply and to prolong the life of filter by preventing the growth of microorganism in water by providing
ultraviolet ray sterilization lamps within a filter housin

PURPOSE: To raise the efficiency of water making as well as reduce the cost thereof by making fresh 1
water continuously by the procedure in which a high-pressure gas is sent to a high-pressure vessel,
then brine is continuously supplied into the vessel, and then it is passed through a semipermeable
membrane provided at one end of the vesse

PURPOSE: To avoid the damage to ultrafiltration filter and the loss of discharge water by providing a 1
detector for the flow rate or pressure of flowing water to inlet pipe to filter or pipe for permeated water
and then controlling the flow rate of pipe for discharge water by the signal from the detecto

PURPOSE: To decompose and remove hydrogen peroxide effectively by a method wherein ultraviolet
rays are irradiated to water containing hydrogen peroxide under a condition that ozone is dissolve

PURPOSE: To perform the salt-to-fresh water conversion readily and inexpensively by sinking the 1
reverse osmosis modules having reverse osmosis membranes into the sea water of the specific
depth, communicating the permeating water side to the atmosphere and letting reverse osmosis be
done by water pressur

PURPOSE: To detach the scale formed on a surface of a filter membrane or prevent the scale from 1
being formed by applying electrostatic voltage to inflow water of a membrane filtering procedure
preliminaril

PURPOSE: To permit the making of drinking water and also air-conditional cooling by providing a 1
reverse osmosis device by which fresh water is obtained from saline water, and also a compressor
and a cooler which are driven by concentrated saline water discharged from the reverse osmosis
devic
[From equivalent JP54033877A2] PURPOSE: To provide the subject method comprising retaining the 1
pH of a solution in the membrane filtration thereof at the alkaline side from the pH at the isoelectric
point of this solution or that of main amino acid or protein contained in this solution, thereby improving
the flux of the solution, that is, the membrane permeating functio

PURPOSE: To provide a permeable membrane with an improved water permeating rate and an 1
inhibiting ratio, by using a polyamidemide containing a specific amideimide unit and a specific amide
unit having a hydrophilic group introduced therein as a repeating uni

PURPOSE: To obtain the titled hollow fiber for dialysis and ultrafiltration, having a high tensile strength 1
free from macrovoids, pinholes and impurities, by spinning a solution of plural types of cellulose
esters having different properties through a spinneret having a double pipe structur

[From equivalent JP54083688A2] PURPOSE: To obtain desalted water of low salt concentration and 1
low concentrated water of high salt concentration by a small area of membrance at the same time, by
supplying sea water to the primary desalting apparatus having reverse osmotic membrance of high
desalting rate under pressure and then, supplying produced primary desalted water to the secondary
desalting apparatus having reverse osmotic membrance of low desalting rate under back pressur

PURPOSE: To perform fresh water making from sea water simply at a low cost, by providing a 1
filtrating mechanism for sea water by the difference between the internal pressure of a pressure
resistant intake tank for sea water and the outer pressure by utilizing reverse osmosi

PURPOSE: To prevent suspended materials from precipitating onto the filter surface to hold the 1
permeating water quantity at a high level for a long time, by adding a filter aid to water to be
processed to supply them to the ultrafiltration module in the preprocessing for sea water and so on by
the ultrafiltration metho

PURPOSE: To obtain the titled hollow fiber having high selective permeability, roundness and 1
mechanical strength and improved handleability with little shape unevenness, by deacylating a hollow
cellulose acetate fiber, washing the fiber with water, and post-treating and drying the washed fibe
PURPOSE: To prevent reduction of permeation efficiency due to pollution of the membrane surface by 1
holding an interior of a system under oxidative atmosphere always or intermittently in subjecting an
org. or an inorg. reductive substance to the membrane separatio

PURPOSE: To effectively remive COD components from pool water and to remarkably reduce a
required amount of supplemental fresh water, by radiating ultraviolet rays to the pool water in the
presence of an injected chlorine agen

PURPOSE: To miniaturize a water-making apparatus as well as raise the efficiency of water making 1
by a method in which plural reverse osmotic membrane modules are connected in series in such a
way as to recirculate permeated water into the modules and the repermeated water is sterilize

PURPOSE: To obtain a water-soluble vinyl polymer which is low in residual monomer concentration
and is suitable as a water-treating agent, by polymerizing a water-soluble vinyl monomer with the aid
of a catalyst or ultraviolet rays and then, after adjusting the amount of water present in the
polymerization system at a specified amount, irradiating the system with an ionizing radiatio

PURPOSE: To sterilize water using ions generated from a metal at a high efficiency, by arranging a 1
copper family metal directly and/or adjacent to the side surface of a semipermeable membrane at the
side of the water to be disposed in a semipermeable membrane modul

PURPOSE: To prevent filtration speed drop due to ageing, by ultrafiltering the liquid to be treated after 1
irradiating it with ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet sterilization lam

PURPOSE: To easily improve an osmotic treatment process by removing substances inhibiting the 1
selective permeability of osmotic membrane by adsorption in advance by using a polymer having a
structure the same as or similar to that of the polymer forming the osmotic membran
PURPOSE: To obtain filtered water with good quality used in a semiconductor industry or the like at a 1
high yield by a method wherein water to be treated is subjected to the filtering treatment densely at
first and concentrated water not filtered is subjected to the filtering treatment roughly and, thereafter,
returned to the first proces

PURPOSE: To obtain a new dynamic membrane exhibiting a high desalting property on an acid side 1
from an aromatic polyamido acid derived from pyromellitic acid and an organic diamino compoun

PURPOSE: To realize an apparatus which obtains fresh water from sea water through a surface body 1
resisting to large hydraulic pressure, by providing the permeable surface body horizontally in a
cylinder arranged upright in the sea and arranging a protection body consisting of bundles of tubular
bodies joined mutually on and under the surface bod

PURPOSE: To obtain potable water suitable for preparation of fruit drinks and soft drinks by adding
chlorine to raw water and filtering the same then treating the raw water by the use of a revese
osmosis membrane of \Age;90% Cl removal rate under specific pressures thence pasteurizing the
same by ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To obtain a porous membrane having a large pore size which is useful as a blood-treating 1
membrane, etc., by immersing a soln. of a cellulose derivative in a coagulating agent having a
specified coagulation value range and contg. an org. solvent which is a non-solvent for said cellulose
derivativ

PURPOSE: To increase the rate of water permeation of a titled membrane continuously by treating the 1
composite semipermeable membrane made by forming an extra thin membrane having
semipermeability on a porous base material with an aq. soln. of a surface active materia

PURPOSE: To raise water-pasteurizing efficiency, while facilitating the installation of a pasteurizer and
inhibiting its contamination, by using a thermoplastic copolymer of perfluoroethylene and
tetrafluoroethylene as a water-isolating transparent wall through which ultraviolet rays can permeat
PURPOSE: To permit effective filtration of micro-suspended solids by repeating the operations of 1
forming a fine grain size filter medium layer of prescribed grain size distributions on a filter medium
supporting layer and deriving the fine grain size filter media to the outside of a filter chamber by
means of upward backwashing flo

PURPOSE: To improve UV transmittance and prevent the deterioration by UV rays using polvilyidene
fluoride or a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer for the blank material of transparent walls
isolating water in a water sterilizer provided with said transparent walls and UV source provided on
the side opposite from water by way of the transparent walls in-between and irradiating UV rays to
wate

PURPOSE: To develope strong sterilizing effect by providing a water isolating transparent wall
comprising a chlorotrifluoroethylene polymer and an ultraviolet source irradiating ultraviolet rays to
said transparent wall from a side opposed to wate

PURPOSE: To obtain highly purified water in an economical system by introducing raw water into the 1
external part of a bundle comprising hollow yarn membranes not passing a substance with a particle
size of 80\Aangst; or more and having a pure water permeating speed in a specific range and wholly
filtered therethrough under external pressur

PURPOSE: To prolong the life of a filter material, by filtering bacteria in water with use of a polyolefin 1
porous hollow-fiber membrane having each of outside diameter, thickness, an averaged pore size and
porosity in a specified range and including a specified amount of sulfonic groups on the surface of the
membran

PURPOSE: To prevent the decrease in filtration efficiency and to maintain the hygienic functions of 1
separating membranes and the inside of a housing in the stage of producing mainly sterile water and
ultrapure water with a water treating device consisting of the separating membranes and the housing
by interposing spherical bodies of specific gravities in the housin

PURPOSE:To remove pyrogen in water at a low cost by using a separation film having a specific 1
microporous structure. CONSTITUTION:The special microporous structure of a separation film
consists of a knot part 2 connected almost at right angles against microfibril 1 and a strip like
micropore 3 and the micropore 3 forms a laminate structure through each knot part 2. In addition, this
laminate structure is laminated toward a fiber direction in one flat plane through the knot part and, at
the same time, the flat plane having the aforementioned structure is stacked in the thickness direction
of the wall film of the hollow fiber. This porous hollow yarn having said special microporous structure
is prepared by a method wherein a hollow yarn obtained by melt spinning a polymer such as
polyethylene or the like by using a nozzle is elongated under cooling and, in the next heat elongating
stage, each conditions are managed definitely. The pore size of this film is 0.03mu or more but
pyrogen with a particle size of 1-5mmu can be removed by filteratio
PURPOSE: To enhance a plain water-recovering ratio, by doing the reverse osmosis of desalinated 1
water from brine and the reelectrodialysis of conc. salt- contng. water, and adding a scale precipitation
inhibitor, to both of the brine, to be treated, and the conc. salt-contng. wate

PURPOSE: To obtain purified water with high reliability by constituting a water treating system from a 1
filter apparatus formed by directly connecting a water supply source, a ultrafiltration apparatus and a
reverse osmosis apparatus in series and a pump for supplying raw water to said filter apparatu

[From equivalent JP56078603A2] PURPOSE: To separate and draw fresh water from sea water 1
continuously with a simple apparatus by cleaning the inside surfaces of reverse osmotic membranes
with a rotary cleaner at the time of desalting sea water by using the cylindrical reverse osmotic
membranes as filter medi

[From equivalent JP52057087A2] PURPOSE: To actualize high desalting effeciency with simple 1
operation, by adding soluble CMC salt etc., at the time of passing brine, containing inorganic (organic)
liquid, dissolving scale component, through permeable membran

PURPOSE: To prevent the propagation of bacteria in devices and the accumulation of contaminations 1
by providing a raw water flush discharge pipe having an automatically controllable flush valve to the
raw water supply side of a reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration device for production of pure wate

[From equivalent JP52004480A2] PURPOSE: A process for performing membrane separation by 1

beforehand removing or while removing suspensible substances and colloidal substance

PURPOSE: To remove bacteria and pyrogen from water to be treated, by accommodating hollow fiber 1
filtration membranes in a housing divided into a plurality of chambers by one or more hollow fiber-
supporting partiton bodies to constitute a filte
[From equivalent JP54039952A2] PURPOSE: To efficiently remove fine grain and microbe in water, 1
by transmitting water to a porous hollow filament membrane in polyvinyl alcohol polyme

[From equivalent JP57065307A2] PURPOSE: to make a filtering apparatus light and make the size of 1
same smaller by using osmotic pressure obtained by positive osmosis phenomenon in pressurization
for filtering raw water by reverse osmosis phenomenon to necessitate no pressure pum

PURPOSE: To obtain innoxious safe purified water while inhibiting the regeneration and propagation
of organic bacteria, by providing an active carbon-packed layer at the side of a supply opening and an
ultraviolet pasteurizing lamp at the side of a water intake in a vessel provided with the supply opening
and the water intak

[From equivalent JP53140286A2] PURPOSE: To reduce power consumption per unit treated water 1
so as to decrease treatment cost, by recoverin g high press. energy of conc. brine discharged from a
reverse osmotic apparatus as power, and by utilizing the power as circulating power requried fo rthe
operation of an electrodialyzing apparatu

PURPOSE: To permit measurement of a free available chlorine amount without suffering any
influence of general organic and inorganic matters by using a ultraviolet ray of given wavelength to
measure the absorptivity in a method of measuring an amount of free effective chlorine in water after
chlorine treatmen

PURPOSE: To develop the capacity of a membrane separation apparatus stably over a long time, by 1
treating raw water by a micro-strainer or by the micro- strainer and subsequently by a sand filter while
a coagulant is added to raw water to form flock

PURPOSE: To decrease the volume of washing water considerably, by treating the waste liquid of 1
washing after washing the membrane surfaces of membrane separators with an active carbon
adsorbing device and using said liquid cyclically again as washing liqui
PURPOSE: To provide a polymethyl methacrylate separation membrane suitable for concentrating a 1
solution and separating a substance therefrom by precise filtration or ultrafiltration, having an isotactic
part and a syndiotactic part for which the permeability of albumin and the permeation amount of water
are respectively prescribe

PURPOSE:To prevent the lowering of a water taking amount and the deterioration of the water quality 1
of treated water, by using backwashing water having an oxidizing type sterilizing agent added thereto
when an ultrafiltration mebrane apparatus is backwahsed. CONSTITUTION:Raw sweet water stored
in a raw sweet water storage tank 1 is sent to an ultrafiltration membrane apparatus 4 through a
strainer 3 by a pump 2 and filtered sweet water from which suspended substances are removed is
collected in a filtered water storage tank 7 while the sweet water containing suspended substances is
returned to the raw sweet water storage tank 1 to be mixed with the raw sweet water to be again
passed through the ultrafiltration membrance apparatus 4. When backwashing is carried out,
backwashing water having an oxidizing type sterilizing agent added thereto in a backwashing water
storage tank 5 is sent to the ultrafiltration membarne apparatus 4 by a pump 6 to carry out the
releasing of suspended substances adhered to a filter membarnce and the sterilization of
microorganisms. As the oxidizing type sterilizing agent, there are chlorine, ozone or the like but
sodium hypochlorite is especially preferred and the addition amount thereof is 20ppm or below, pref.,
about 10ppm as available chlorin

PURPOSE: To restore the performance of a permeable membrane quickly and surely by bringing the 1
membrane surfaces of a membrane separator which are contaminated by org. materials into contact
with washing liquid contg. active carbon then bringing the same into contact with a membrane
treating agent contg. water soluble polymer material

[From equivalent EP82705A1] In the desalination of sea water using a reverse osmosis device, the 1
treatment of the reverse osmosis membrane with acid and a solution of hydrolyzable tannin.

PURPOSE: To enhance the removal capacity of an ultrafiltration membrance while the high 1
permeation capacity thereof is held, by again filtering the permeate of the ultrafiltration membrane
under pressure higher than the previous filtering pressur

PURPOSE: To produce desalted water inexpensively and to reduce the size of a device, by introduing 1
the permeated water of reduced salt obtd. by providing back pressure on the permeated water side at
the fore stage of a pair of reverse osmosis modules disposed in series, directly into the raw liquid side
in the rear stag
PURPOSE: To enable to wash and remove a salt part collected in the body of a tubular membrane, by 1
supplying sea water and washing water, making the sea water supplied to a sea water chamber flow
through the body of the tubular membrane to make product water, and concurrently making the
washing water in a chamber for washing water flow through the body of the tubular membrane along
a direction opposite to the flow of the sea wate

PURPOSE: To remove traces of org. materials effectively from water contg. trace of an org. material, 1
by filtering said water with adsorption and separation membranes consisting of polyolefin porous
membrane

PURPOSE: To produce safe water easily and efficiently by germ-free and pyrogen- free cleaning 1
under low pressure by assembling a module with polyolefinic porous membranes having microholes
and permeating water to be treated \Age;2 times through the modul

PURPOSE: To make the maintenance and control over the whole of a circulation type treatment 1
device for night soil easy and to make the device usable for a long time in said device by separating
liquid from solids then passing only the liquid through a microfilter, an ultrafiltration device, et

PURPOSE: To improve the water permeability of a permselective ultrafilter membrane consisting of an 1

ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer without decreasing the solute removing performance of the
membrane, by subjecting said membrane to a water permeating treatment under pressur

PURPOSE: To effectively remove suspended fine particles, by treating an aqueous solution contg. 1
alkali or (and) an oxidizing agent with a hollow fiber of resin, e.g. polyolefin, comprising a microporous
membrane having specified porosity and average pore siz

PURPOSE: To eliminate the need for any intake device for sea water and pressurizing device such as 1
a high pressure pump by providing a reverse osmotic membrane device under the sea surface at the
depth corresponding to the working pressure thereof, passing high pressure sea water through the
membrane and desalting the same to the fresh water of the atmospheric pressur
PURPOSE: To enable the unmanned operation of a desalting apparatus for a long period of time, by a 1
method wherein the water level in a degassing tank with an ejector and a float type water level control
valve is held and dissolved oxygen in sea water or brine is degassed under vacuum by said
degassing tank to reduce the replenishing number of a reducing agen

[From equivalent JP52066881A2] PURPOSE: To make sure steady separation for a long time in 1
solid/liquid or liquid/liquid separation process with a membrane by oxidizing the solution to be treated
and simultaneous prevention of contamination of the membrane surfac

[From equivalent JP54122678A2] PURPOSE: To prevent deformation of a resin wall placed at one 1
end of a hollow yarn layer and to minimize a reduction in available membrane area by providing linear
protrusions to the whole surface of at least one side of a press. receiving plate set adjacent to the
hollow yarn opening side of the wal

[From equivalent JP52149271A2] PURPOSE: To plan the separation of scale components together 1
with turbidity components, by separating with the permeable membrane, after the pH value of the
separated liquid obtained by adding the precipitate-forming agent for removing the hardness ions to
the seawater, has been regulated to the range at which alkaline scale does not deposi

[From equivalent JP53077884A2] PURPOSE: To prevent direct pollution of membrane surface and to 1
remove easily the pollutant together with a thin layer by forming the thin layer of finely powdered
kaolin etc. on the surface of the permeable membrane, then by passing the soln, to be treated
containing organic (or inorganic) materia

PURPOSE: To effectively remove organic halogen compounds such as trihalomethane formed by the
purification of raw water for service water, by introducing ozone into water to be treated containing the
organic halogen compounds while subjecting said water to ultraviolet irradiation, and subjecting it to
adsorption to activated carbo

PURPOSE: To perform titled washing without using any backwashing pump of a high cost by 1
separating polluting particles from filter media by blowing air to the media with an air blower then
introducing the high pressure liquid after a high pressure pump thereby washing the filter medi
PURPOSE: To efficiently desalinate high-temp. brine, by maintaining supply pressure and a pH at 1
25W35kg/cm2 and 5.5W6.5, respectively, when the solution of brine to be supplied is at
30W45\Adeg;C, and adjusting the supply pressure in response to the rising or falling of the liquid
temp. of the brine to be supplie

PURPOSE: To prevent the detrioration of a membrane stock material and to suppress the propagation 1
of microoranisms by flowing a liquid contg. a prescribed concn. of a sterilizer to the permeation side of
a membrane while flowing a liquid contg. no sterilizer at a prescribed rate from a concd. liquid to
permeated liquid side through the membran

PURPOSE: To rewet a dry polysulfone semipermeable membrane without deforming or deterorating 1

the same, by treating said semipermeable membrane with hot water at a specific tem

PURPOSE: To enable to perform continuous operation while enhancing safety and lowering the cost 1
of equipment by performing desalination under the condition of water circulation in the manner such
that a large amount of water can be supplied under pressure below a half of the rated pressure of a
reverse osmosis module provided in desalination equipmen

PURPOSE: To increase a water permeating speed and to prevent the contamination of a semi- 1
permeable composite membrane over a long period of time, in performing reverse osmosis treatment
by using the semi-permeable composite membrane excellent in an exclusion rate, by adjusting a
liquid to be treated to a specific pH range by adding a mineral acid to the sam

PURPOSE: To prevent settling of silica and to obtain refined water in a high yield by providing a 1
microporous membrane or ultrafilter membrane in the fore stage of a reverse osmosis membrane,
and filtering silica-contg. water with the microporous membrane or ultrafilter membrane prior to
filtration of said water with the reverse osmosis membran

PURPOSE: To provide a titled device which can sterilize potable water without using a sterilizing
agent, such as chlorine, by the constitution wherein UV light is irradiated over the entire surface in a
water feed tank from a lamp disposed on the outside of a side wall formed of a UV transmittable
material of said tank through said side wal
PURPOSE: To obtain a permeating liquid in a high recovery ratio without lowering the amount of the 1
permeating liquid over a long period of time, by applying ultrafiltration treatment to a liquid containing
a minute amount of a fine particle in a range of predetermined liquid recovery rati

PURPOSE: To make a titled device inexpensive without causing contamination in an outflow port by
using a UV transmitting material in constituting an outflow conduit which is inserted through the
bottom plate of a water storage tank and has the top end positioned higher than the inflow port of the
tank as well as the bottom plate of the tan

PURPOSE: To improve the quality and stability of the produced water in the salt-to-fresh water 1
distallation by using a two stage reverse osmosis membrane apparatus consisting of a preceding and
a succeeding stage, by dividing the succeeding stage reverse osmosis membrane apparatus into two
parts, and adjusting the electric conductivity of the transmitted water in one of the two part

PURPOSE: To treat efficiently water contg. a boron compd. by adding a chlorine agent to the water 1
contg. boron and other salts and treating the same with a membrane separating stage using a
chlorine resistant permeable membrane then treating the water with a permeable membrane having
an N\Aequiv; bon

PURPOSE: To produce pure water from high-conductivity water by returning a part or the whole of the 1
permeated water of the 2nd and succeeding reverse osmosis module to the previous stage to
maintain the conductivity of the pure water within the limit when the conductivity of the produced pure
water exceeds a presribed leve

PURPOSE: To feed a substantial amt. of filtrate to a rinsing stage by circulating the liquid in a filtrate 1
tank for substn. to a quenching circuit and substituting the raw liquid in a membrane module with the
liquid of the filtrate tank for substn. when the operation of the membrane module is stoppe

PURPOSE: To extend the life of a filter member by preventing the collapse of a hollow yarn 1
membrane in such a case that the filter member is the hollow yarn membrane, to extremely enhance
convenience from the aspect of use and to obtain water-hammering preventing effect at the time of
the stop of water by providing a constant flow rate valve to the water inflow part on a primary sid
[From equivalent JP53037183A2] PURPOSE: To produce the assembled body of hollow filament 1
being excellent as the membraneous separation apparatus, by making the beltlike laminated body so
that the hollow filament may be laminated while being crossed each other and by winding this
laminated body around the core tube, when the resin having the selective permeability is spun to
hollow filamen

[From equivalent JP52143974A2] PURPOSE: The membraneous separation equipment which has 1
been constitute so as to be able to utilize effectively the area of membrane, by installing the
assembled body obtained by forming the cylindrical layer of hollow filaments by cross-laminating the
hollow filaments having the selective permeability around the core tube and by equipping the resinous
wall at the end of the layer of hollow filament

PURPOSE:To obtain a high washing effect by interposing a tank to a washing flow passage of a 1
semipermeable membrane module, throwing in a treating agent and treating water, and operating a
pump. CONSTITUTION:As a washing apparatus of a module 9, a circulating flow passage 24 is
formed by connecting the discharge ports 14 and 15 of a refined liquid and a concd. liquid of the
module 9 to a supply port 17 of a washing pump 16 respectively through valves 19 and 20, and
connecting a discharge port 18 of the pump 16 to a supply port 10 of a liquid to be treated to the
module 9 through valves 21, 22, and 23. A tank 25 is interposed to the flow passage 24, and a treating
agent selected from citric acid, hydrochloric acid, and an anionic surface active agent, and treating
water selected from a permeated liquid, soft water, distilled water are thrown into the tank 25. The
washing of the module is carried out through the flow passage 24 for specified hours by closing
valves 8, 11, 12, and 27, opening valves 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 26, and operating the pump 1

PURPOSE: To eliminate secondary contamination surely by circulating remaining reated water in

opposite direction by closing an inlet valve and an outlet valve before ultraviolet ray sterilizing lamps
are put out after the water to be treated is sterilized in a water tan

PURPOSE: To prevent the bacterial contamination of a membrane separation means during the 1
interruption of operation, in an arranged pipe for supplying ultra-pure water to a storage tank from the
membrane separation means, by positioning the end part of said arranged pipe to the bottom part of
the storage tank to enable the back flow of ultra-pure wate

PURPOSE: To obtain inexpensively the purified water without using a special water feed pump by 1
filtering the water to be treated with a porous hollow yarn membrane impermeable to bacteria,
allowing to pass through an activated carbon layer, and then filtering with another porous hollow yarn
membran
PURPOSE:To increase the utilization amount of water, to perfectly purify and sterilize water, to also 1
always sterilize the interior of a water purifying cartridge at the time of use and to perfectly regenerate
the cartridge. CONSTITUTION:Raw water is supplied into a water tank 1 from a water supply tank 3 in
an amount of a purified water level H1 or less while purified through a water purifying cartridge 6. The
water stored in the water tank 1 through the water purifying cartridge 6 is heated and boiled to kill
various bacteria incapable of being removed by the water purifying cartridge 6. At this time, the water
purifying material in the water purifying cartridge 6 is sterilized by the heat possessed by the steam
generated when the stored water 7 is boiled and sterilized. The water tank 1 is filled with water to
immerse the whole of the water purifying cartridge 6 in the stored water 7 and the stored water is
boiled along with the water purifying cartridge 6 to regenerate the water purifying cartridge

PURPOSE: To prevent the propagation of a microorganism during the stop period of a reverse 1
osmosis apparatus and to eliminate membrane deterioration or the closure of a flowline, by
intermittently supplying water to be treated containing chlorine from the inlet side of a high pressure
pump during the stop period of the reverse osmosis apparatu

PURPOSE: To obtain permeated water at a high yield by treating raw water contg. \Age;40mg/l silica 1
with a reverse osmosis membrane device having a specific silica removing rate and a rate of
removing bivalent ion of a strong electrolyte then subjecting the water to an ion exchange resin
treatmen

PURPOSE: To bring the recovery ratio of water to 100% by eliminating the drainage of conc. water 1
while obtaining the filtering stability of an UF module, by arranging a back-washable ultra-precise filter
in front of the UF module in an inserted state while applying the filtrate from said filter to the UF modul

PURPOSE: To remove completely the offensive odor including the odor of mold in a short time by
treating the service water with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet lamp provided at a part of a tank of
the service water treating equipment, for exampl

PURPOSE: To prevent contamination of a piping line due to a microorganism and the lowering in a 1
filtering speed, by arranging a heat exchanger and a specific filter to a clean bench in this orde

PURPOSE: To provide the subject apparatus keeping circulation without temporarily interrupting a 1
sub-system and capable of replacing the cartridge polisher of the sub-syste
PURPOSE: To provide a compact cock direct connection type membrane filter unit removing bacteria 1
and particles in tap water, preventing the propagation of bacteria in filtered water, high in safety and
made simple in replacement and handling by a method wherein a specific stacked disc is received
and fixed in a transparent plastic housing provided with a cock joint and an outlet condui

PURPOSE: To provide antimicrobial property to semipermeable membrane by treating a 1

semipermeable membrane comprising cellulose ester with organosilicone contg. a quat. ammonium
salt grou

PURPOSE: To manufature the potable water within the WHO standard at low cost, and to improve the 1
flexibility of the operation by incorporating a reverse osmosis system wherein the seawater is
desalinated by reverse osmosis into the line of the waste seawater in a multistage evaporation syste

PURPOSE: To simplify measurement and to improve accuracy, by a method wherein specimen water
is brought into contact with ozone under an alkaline condition to oxidize a nitrogen compound to a
nitrate ion and, after the undercomposed substance is removed by adsorption, the nitrate ion is
measured by an ultraviolet ray absorbing method of calculating the amount of the nitrogen compoun

PURPOSE: To obtain a semi-permeable composite membrane having high permeability and excellent 1
durability, by coating a porous support with a solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and partially
saponified polyvinyl acetate before performing crosslinking reactio

PURPOSE: To obtain aseptic water sterilizable by a chemical agent, by treating water with a hollow 1
fiber based on polyphenylene sulfide having fine piercing pores with a specific average pore size and
a specific void ratio, specific membrane thickness, a hollow ratio and an outer diamete

PURPOSE: To prepare hollow yarn porous membrane having high roundness and asymmetric 1
structure by extruding a solution comprising polyvinylidene fluoride, PEG, and DMA through an
annular nozzle, and guiding the extruded product contg. liquid in the inside as it is into coagulating bat
PURPOSE: To remove a fouling element, free chlorine, organic substance, etc. in clean water, and 1
deodorize and alkalify it slightly by assembling in a filler layer containing an adsorbent, a bactericide
and minerals and a supper-high precision filtration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane into a
vesse

PURPOSE:To impart the removal and sterilization of impurities, the softening of water, deodorizing 1
and mineral forming action, by arranging a silica layer, an activated carbon layer and a coral layer
coated with silver nitrate in a pressed and laminated state as the filter main body of a water purifier.
CONSTITUTION:A filter net is provided in the filter main body 4 of a filter 6 and the space above said
filter net is successively packed with coral sand 1 coated with silver nitrate, activated carbon 12 and
silica 13 and, after particles of packed materials are pressed and closely contacted by proper
pressure, a press plate 14 is threaded with said main body 4. When water is poured in the raw water
sump part 5 of the filter 6 in this state, water is successively passed through the layer of silica 13 and
the layer of activated carbon from piercing holes 14a to receive the removal action of impurities, and
softened and deodorized. Next, the treated water is sterilized by silver nitrate applied to the surface of
the coral layer and converted to mineral water by minerals eluted from the coral sand 11 in said coral
layer while mineral water is received in the purified water sump part in the container 5 through the
filter net and drain hole

PURPOSE: To prevent peeling of a potting part of a hollow fiber membrane from a case body during 1
the module is used under high pressure by providing the potting part of the case body with a groove-
like notch in a tapered or stepped part of the inner wal

PURPOSE:To easily and efficiently wash a membrane without removing a membrane module from 1
equipment by feeding treated water from one of the plural membrane modules arranged in parallel
directly to the remaining membrane modules to wash them. CONSTITUTION:Plural membrane
modules 3 are immersed in a tank filter 1 and they are each connected to a treated water tank 4 by an
outflow pipe 12 through three-way valves 3 and a suction pump 2 and an outflow valve 6 are arranged
in the middle of the way. And on filtering, an exhaust and drain valve 8 is opened and a valve in a
blower system is closed and the three- way valves 5 are turned to the outflow system side and the
outflow valve is opened and an original liquid is fed to be sucked by the suction pump 2 to perform
filtration and the treated liquid is sent to the tank 4, and on washing the tank filter 1, the three-way
valve 5A is turned to the circulating system side and the three-way valves 5B, 5C are turned to the
outflow system side and the outflow valve 6 is closed and the treated water from the membrane
modules 3B, 3C is injected directly into the membrane module 3A by the pump 2 through the three-
way 5A to wash the module 3

PURPOSE: To certainly and instantaneously sterilize drinking water, by providing a transparent cover
plate pervious to ultraviolet rays around a sterilization lamp while providing a annular narrow water
flowline, through which drinking water is flowed, around said cove

PURPOSE: To facilitate handling of a filtration device and to enable to use overlapped hollow yarn 1
membrane modules as combine units by constructing a unit by fixing both ends of a hollow yarn
filtration membrane to an annular torus plate in a bundl
[From equivalent JP03213192A2] PURPOSE:To obtain a highly economical fresh water generator by 1
providing a device for setting the operation lever of a three-way valve switchable between untreated
water and chemical supply in conjunction with clutch means. CONSTITUTION:When clutch means 11
and 32 are operated with an operating lever 22 set in a horizontal position A, a primary and a
secondary pumps 2 and 3 are driven, an untreated water is pumped up by the primary pump 2, sent
through a three-way valve 5 to the secondary pump 3, delivered under pressure into a filter device 8,
purified therein and discharged from an outlet 26 as drinking water. During this time, formalin in a
chemical liq. tank 7 is not discharged into the secondary pump 3 by the three-way valve 5. When the
operating lever 22 is turned in a standing position B, the secondary pump 3 alone is driven to suck the
formalin thereinto through a conduit pipe 20 and the three-way valve 5. The formalin is sent under
pressure through a conduit pipe 24, while it is being cleaned and sterilized, and then through the filter
device 8 for cleaning and sterilization thereof and discharged from the outlet 2

PURPOSE: To evaluate water of an ion exchange pure water by analyzing a compound and an 1
organic matter in pure water, observing the presence or absence of blocking of a filter filtering a target
water and a filtered residue and analyzing an element, and then analyzing a chemical species using a
tablet which is obtained by mixing a filtered residue aqueous solution to potassium bromide powder
and then drying and forming i

[From equivalent JP04187219A2] PURPOSE: To easily discharge the SS released and to maintain a 1
high flux by forming the turnback of a hollow yarn from the end of a water collecting part through a
hollow yarn supporting member and making the size of the supporting member larger than that of the
end face of the water collecting par

PURPOSE: To relax the stress concentration caused in a potting layer, to elimi nate the generation of 1
cracks and to prevent the dislocation of the potting layer by making the distance between the inner
wall surface of a cylindrical case and the outermost part of the hollow fiber membrane within a
specified rang

PURPOSE: To provide an efficient membrane separation device without necessitating a powdery 1

active carbon contact pool, etc., and also without necessitating or with extremely reducing back
washing or chemical washin

[From equivalent JP04176327A2] PURPOSE: To effectively peel deposits, such as slime and to 1
discharge these deposits to the outside of the system by moving the carriers made to exist in the
hollow fiber membrane filter device at least by water flo

PURPOSE: To measure the amount of water treatment chemical in process water by adding a reagent
for dissolving a water treatment chemical into process water containing a water treatment chemical,
dissolving the water treatment chemical by irradiating it with an ultraviolet ray, adding a coloring
reagent to color it, and measuring its absorbanc
[From equivalent JP03026320A2] PURPOSE: To unnecessitate a water pump by carrying out 1
pumping up by the head of rain water and to automatically wash a filter membrane by reversely
passing filtered water through the membrane by the head of the filtered water when the head of rain
water lower

PURPOSE: To stably remove volatile org. matter over a long period by substituting the org. matter for 1
the external air when an aq. soln. contg. org. matter flows in the hollow part of a hollow-fiber
membrane, sucking and discharging the org. gas leaving the membrane from an outlet port of an
evacuating mean

PURPOSE: To compactly constitute a detecting part by detecting pressure in a water passing 1

passage of the water purifier and operating an internal timer, measuring its integrated water passing
time and detecting an integrated flow rate, and displaying a change time by a display part, when it
reaches a prescribed integrated flow rat

PURPOSE: To.stabilize the volume of the permeated water of an RO membrane separator, to improve 1
the quality of the permeated water and to easily and efficiently obtain desalted water having high
water quality in the method for desalting the water to be treated, such as city water, by treating the
water with the RO membrane separato

PURPOSE: To always inject a proper quantity by calculating the injection quantity of ozone by setting
an ultraviolet ray absorbance quantity of water to be treated having high correlation to a decrease
quantity of a very small quantity of organic matter, as an index, in a device which eliminates a very
small quantity of organic matter contained in water to be treated by using ozon

PURPOSE: To deoxygenate service water on a practical level sufficient to prevent reddish water with 1
a simple process by passing a liq. to be treated in pressure through a hollow-fiber membrane made of
a high molecular substance in a vessel and evacuating the vessel to remove oxygen from the li

[From equivalent JP03056126A2] PURPOSE: To make desalting function excellent by fixing both 1
ends of hollow membrane yarns to the water gathering parts on the inflow and outflow sides of a liquid
to be treated provided to a hollow yarn membrane filter and filling the water passing pipe connecting
both water gathering parts with a filler having desalting functio

PURPOSE: To provide a mould-removing apparatus which provides a required sterilization 1

performance by energizing electricity for a short tim
PURPOSE: To prepare pure water with low dissolved oxygen concentration and organic carbon
concentratio

[From equivalent JP03258331A2] PURPOSE: To simply and surely filter condensed water from a 1
nuclear or thermal power plant for a long time without causing clogging of pores on the surface of a
hollow fiber membrane by using a porous membrane comprising polyolefin hollow fiber which is
coated with ethylene vinyl alcohol by 0.1-10wt.

PURPOSE: To provide an improved hollow fiber membrane filtering device capable of easily 1
executing the maintenance working such as the exchange of a hollow fiber membrane module,
completely preventing the flow-in of air into a hollow fiber membrane hollow part at the time of back
washing by a high pressure back washing water, executing efficient back washing and adequately
keeping filtering functio

PURPOSE: To enable drained water to be treated continuously and stably without deteriorating the
quality of treated water by measuring at least, one of the electroconductivity, ultraviolet absorption
rate, COD and TOC values of treated water and controlling the discharge of condensed water distilled
at the measured value to an area outside a drainage treatment syste

PURPOSE: To reduce the capacity of a filtration vessel by providing a high- pressure concd. water 1
supply pipe equipped with an opening and closing valve for communicating a high-presure concd.
water dischage pipe provided to a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus with an ejecto

PURPOSE: To improve the rate of recovery of permeated water and to decrease the salt concn. of the 1
permeated water by mixing the permeated water after the second stage of a reverse osmotic
membrane apparatus with feed water and using the mixed water as feed water for the first stage of
the reverse osmotic membrane in a multistage reverse osmotic membrane apparatu

PURPOSE: To obtain a hollow yarn membrane having high formability, high permeation velocity of 1
oxygen, and high separation factor by coating a clogging material having high permeability coefft. for
oxygen on porous hollow fiber comprising poly-2,6-disubstituted phenylene oxid
PURPOSE: To prevent formation of gel layer on a membrane with small energy consumption by 1
building up a membrane plate formed by attaching a circular thin film to a discoid supporting member
and executing filtration while revolving the membrane plate around a revolving shaft penetrating
through a central through-hol

[From equivalent JP03137923A2] PURPOSE: To prevent the formation of tensile stress by mutually 1
fixing one header and one end part of a guide plate and forming the other end part of the guide plate
and the other header in a mutually freely slidable manner in the longitudinal direction of external
pressure type membrane

PURPOSE: To prevent the propagation of water bloom and to suppress the increase of other
eutrophication elements, by recirculating the water of a pond and utilizing the decomposition action of
org. substances by aerobic soil bacteria and the sterilization power of ultraviolet rays in the
recirculation proces

PURPOSE: To improve the mixed state of water with a mixed gas of hydrogen and an inert gas in
equipment to increase the contact efficiency of hydrogen with oxygen and to efficiently remove
dissolved oxygen in water by irradiating ultraviolet rays in the presence of bubbles of the mixed gas of
hydrogen and the inert ga

PURPOSE: To prevent the deterioration in water quality by providing a circulation line which passes
feed water to a reverse osmosis membrane by a high- pressure pump and returns the water
permeated through the membrane, i.e., pure water, to the suction side of the high-pressure pump
through a use poin

PURPOSE: To increase the permeating velocity of semipermeable membrane by using a sulfonated 1

aromatic polysulfone semipermeable membrane treated with an aq. soln. of alkali metallic salt and
thereby subjecting an aq. soln. contg. nonelectrolyte to membrane separation treatmen
PURPOSE:To obtain mineral-contg. active water by providing vertically and freely attachably and 1
detachably a primary filter cylinder in which a filter medium is packed, an active cylinder in which
water quality improving stone such as 'BAKUHANSEKI' (siliceous stone) is packed and secondary
filter cylinder in which the filter medium is packed into a tank and providing a conductive sensing part.
CONSTITUTION:Water to be treated passes through a supply pipe 1 and rises in the primary filter
cylinder 2 from the bottom of said cylinder 2. Harmful org. materials such as turbidity and odor and
heavy metals in the inflow water are adsorbed to the filter medium during this time. The filtered water
is then admitted through release holes 2a in the upper part into the tank 3 in which a liquid level
control means 4 is vertically provided to the bottom. A solenoid valve turns off and the water feed is
stopped at the point of the time when the water level arrives at the position W and all the upper,
middle and lower leads are conducted. The water stored in the tank 3 is circulated through the tank 3
the active cylinder 8 the release holes 8a of the active cylinder the tank 3 during the time set by a
timer 7. The water is cleaned up by contacting with the 'BAKUHANSEKI' in the cylinder 8 during this
tim

PURPOSE: To produce fresh water economically by excavating a well having a closed structure on 1
the sandy sea-shore and feeding sea water pumped up from the well to a reverse osmotic membrane
modul

PURPOSE: To obtain water with good quality supplied to RO, by fluidizing solid particles with a small 1
particle size in a vertical tubular modul

PURPOSE: To conserve power consumption, by connecting a plurality of apparatus units each

consisting of an ultraviolet ray irradiation apparatus and an ion exchange apparatus in serie

PURPOSE: To obtain good quality water in low energy consumption, by flowing the exhaust gas 1
stream from the rotor of a second water making means to a heat exchanger and performing the
supply of water and heating of a first water making means through the heat exchange

PURPOSE: To obtain stably and easily extremely pure demineralized water by introducing a part of 1
water discharged from the secondary desalinator also into the primary desalinator, introducing said
discharged water into the secondary desalinator, and always operating without retaining wate
PURPOSE: To increase the recovery rate of produced water and obtain produced water of high 1
quality with less power by providing a train of modules each having plural reversed osmotic modules
arranged on the circumference of a rotor on plural concentric circles in a multi-stage fashio

PURPOSE: To efficiently obtain fresh water, by contacting brine with predetermined temp. with a 1
hydrophobic fluorocarbon resin porous membrane and cooling steam transmitted through said
membrane to condense the sam

PURPOSE: To purify a reaction liquid prepared by the use of the titled microbial cell or enzyme as a 1
catalyst in an aqueous medium, stably for a long period, by combining a filtration process using a
porous hollow fiber membrane made of polyethylene and having a specific bubble point with a
process comprising of washing under specific conditio

PURPOSE: To perform the reverse osmosis treatment of raw water containing silicic acid generating 1
no contamination of a membrane due to silicic acid, by using a composite semi-permeable membrane
having an ultra-thin membrane layer formed by crosslinking a polyfunctional amino compound having
two or more of secondary amino groups in one molecule thereof by a crosslinking agen

PURPOSE: To realize automation of simple flushing of a reverse osmotic membrane and to enhance 1
the simple flushing effect by repeating ON and OFF of a high pressure pump for forcing the feed liquid
utilizing the fact that the reverse osmotic membrane has a function of the permeable membran

PURPOSE:To provide treatment capacity and to elute mineral components, by using a packing 1
material prepared by depositing mineral components to activated carbon. CONSTITUTION:At the
supply time of raw water, water to be treated is discharged in the order of spigot 8 change-over valve
4 raw water port 10 and, at the supply time of treated water, the change-over valve 4 is changed
over to flow water to be treated in the order of change-over passage 9 inflow passage 16
stagnation chamber 15 packing material 17 filter 12 outflow passage 13 purified port 11 to treat the
same. As the packing material 17, activated carbon is used and mineral components are eluted in
voids 20 and a fluid film 21 is present on the surface of each particle of activated carbon C while
elution of mineral components into water is always suppressed by diffusion resistance of the fluid film
21 and mineral components are diffused and eluted from voids 20 during the passage of wate
PURPOSE:To inhibit formation of concentration polarization on the surface of a filtration membrane by 1
generating a shearing force between the filtration membrane and treated liquid and to prevent
decrease of filtration capacity by rotating a filter. CONSTITUTION:Treated liquid W is allowed to pass
through each filtration membrane 22 extended on a filter 2 from an inlet 12 of the treated liquid while
rotating the cylindrical (or discoidal) filter provided in a cell 11 of an ultrafiltration device 1 with a prime
mover M. Solute is diffused at near the surface of the filtration membrane by the shearing force
generated between the surface of the filtration membrane 22 and the treated liquid W, so the
formation of concentration polarization and gel layer are retarded. The surface of the filtration
membrane 22 is cleaned with flexible members 3 made of sponge, etc., high pressure water ejecting
nozzles 42, or an ultrasonic wave generator 5 provided to the filter

PURPOSE: To increase the rejection rate of clad, to reduce the generation of secondary wastes, and 1
to reduce purifying operation days by using a hollow filter of a non-filter aid type such as a hollow fiber
membrane filter as a purifier for purifying feed water and condensate in the feed water and
condensate system

PURPOSE: To volatilize and remove effectively volatile components such as trihalomethane in water
by agitating city water, and simultaneously irradiating UV ray

PURPOSE: To enable long-time succeeding operation, by arranging a first anode and a second 1
anode in an electrolytic cell while arranging cathodes corresponding to anodes and respectively
adjusting current values independentl

PURPOSE: To enhance a counter-contamination preventing property, by mounting a lid having a 1

sterilizing substance contained in the inner surface thereof to the purified water outlet of a porous
hollow yarn type water purifier in a detachable manne

PURPOSE: To enhance efficiency, by obtaining pure water by combining reverse osmosis filters in a 1
multistage fashio

PURPOSE:To restore the function of a module while the module is arranged in a purifying apparatus 1
by charging water into the water purifier housing a hollow yarn filter module, and oscillating an
ultrasonic vibrator. CONSTITUTION:With respect to a water purifier 5 housing a hollow yarn filter
module with reduced filtration capacity, an ultrasonic vibrator 6 is brought into contact with the wall
surface of the water purifier, or the oscillating end of the ultrasonic vibrator is inserted into the water
purifier. Then the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is oscillated to carry out washing. When the ultrasonic vibrator
is oscillated, the inside of the water purifier must be filled with water. Treated water contg. fine
colloidal materials and metallic ions or purified water for washing can be used as the water to be filled
into the purifie
PURPOSE: To enhance the quality of treated water without lowering the amount of a transmitted 1
liquid, by applying biological treatment to excretion sewage before successively treating the same by
a precise filter apparatus and a loose reverse osmosis membrane separation apparatu

PURPOSE: To make ultra-pure water containing no bacteria with high efficiency by sterilizing treated 1
water without possibility eluting a metal ion, by mixing hot water or cooling water with water to be
treated through a permselective membrane to perform heat exchang

PURPOSE: To always supply tasteful water, by providing a sterilizing lamp irradiating ultraviolet rays
having a wavelength effective for sterilization in a water storage tan

PURPOSE: To make possible the removal of pulverous metallic and non-metallic particles which are 1
impossible to be removed by the conventional mechanical filtering system by providing a pulverous
particle removing device using an electric field and magnetic field behind the stage where the primary
pure water is obtd. in the conventional apparatus for producing pure wate

N/A 1

PURPOSE: To enhance the quality of treated water without lowering the amount of transmitted water, 1
by applying membrane separation treatment to water to be treated by a loose reverse osmosis
membrane and further applying membrane separation treatment to transmitted water by a reverse
osmosis membran

PURPOSE: To enhance the quality of treated water without lowering a transmitted water amount, by 1
applying membrane separation treatment to water to be treated by a first loose reverse osmosis
membrane and further applying membrane separation treatment to conc. water by a second loose
reverse osmosis membran
PURPOSE: To accelerate the oxidation of a trace of a nonpolar org. material contained in water to an
org. acid by treating water with the irradiation of UV rays and an oxidizing agent, removing the
oxidation product (consisting essentially of an org. acid) and then circulating the treated water to an
oxidation vesse

PURPOSE: To obtain pure water having good quality by an apparatus easy to handle and having 1
simple constitution, by using a separation membrane unit according to a thermo-pervaporation
method and passing a raw liquid through a cooling water passage and subsequently supplying the
same to a raw liquid passage under heatin

PURPOSE: To contrive to regenerate a hollow yarn, by making it possible to receive a filter cartridge 1
equipped with a hollow yarn membrane as a filter material in a filter main body so as to reverse a
water inflow port and a water outflow por

PURPOSE: To remove the harmful component in water, by providing a cylinder opened at the lower
end thereof having not only vent holes provided to the upper part thereof but also a stirring blade
provided to the lower part thereof in a water treatment tank and providing a cylinder pervious to
ultraviolet rays so as to cover said cylinde

PURPOSE:To reduce the washing frequency of a permeable membrane, by forming a polisher 1

apparatus from a mixed bed consisting of an anion exchange resin bed, a strong basic anion
exchange resin bed and a strong acidic cation exchange bed. CONSTITUTION:Pure water with high
purity sterilized by ultraviolet rays is introduced into a polisher apparatus 3 which comprises a mixed
bed consisting of a perfectly regenerated anion exchange resin bed, an almost perfectly regenerated
strong basic anion exchange resin bed and an almost perfectly regenerated strong acidic cation
exchange bed. The pure water with high purity flowed out from the polisher apparatus 3 is further
supplied to a membrane separation apparatus 4 having a permeable membrane based on
polyacrylonitrile or polyaminde to remove a fine nonionic substance and the flowed-out pure water
with ultra-high purity, purified to a high degree is supplied to a use point and utilize

PURPOSE: To reduce the frequency of exchanging a reverse-osmosis membrane in the device for 1
producing pure water for the semiconductor production industry, etc., by successively providing an
activated-carbon filter, a deoxygenation device and a reverse osmosis device in this orde

PURPOSE: To decompose and remove low molecular components harmful to the human body by
passing to be treated through a water-permeable tank filter for high molecular materials, removing the
coarse grains of garbage and high molecular harmful components, irradiating UV rays on the treated
water and simultaneously injecting ozone and agitating the wate
PURPOSE: To detect automatically the content of an oxidizing agent by the measurement of the
difference in the specific resistance values measured by specific resistance meters by providing the
specific resistance meters before and after a UV irradiating vessel in a pure water treatment device
including an ion exchange resin tan

PURPOSE: To obtain the titled water purifying agent having high sterilizing effect being harmless to 1
human body by utilizing, as a main component, metal salts, etc. obtd. by dissolving vermiculite
generated by the weathering of mica mineral or soil generated by the further weathering of said
vermiculite in H2SO4, et

PURPOSE: To eliminate contamination due to slime, by providing a sterilizing apparatus, which

irradiates recovered water with ultraviolet rays and contacts the same with ozone in the same tank, to
the front stage of an adsorbing tan

PURPOSE: To make it possible to prevent a suspended solid or a fibrous membrane contaminant 1

from blocking the end surface part on the material liquid supply side of a hollow yard-type membrane
module by arranging the inner surface of material liquid circulation supply piping substantially on the
same plane as the material liquid supply side end surface of the hollow yarn- type membrane modul

PURPOSE: To provide a filter device which can remove not only fine particles but also an organic 1
matter and prevent the generation of pressure loss formed by the blocking by the removed fine
particles or the lik

PURPOSE: To remove the clogging of hollow fiber membranes by providing a filtrate back flow tank 1
for allowing a filtrate to flow backward to a hollow fiber membrane module for a definite time by
utilizing air pressure on the way of a filtrate line supplying the filtrate filtered by the hollow fiber
membrane module wherein hollow fiber membranes are received in a container to the outside of the
containe

PURPOSE: To diminish space for the installation of a filtration device and a desalting device by 1
allowing the functions of these devices to be performed in a single devic

PURPOSE: To filter water for treatment using a micro-filter membrane and an ultrafiltration membran 1
PURPOSE: To prevent a temporary pollution of service water fed to a water tap from occurring by the 1
dirt generated in a film module in a water purification device for branching the supply of intake service
water into the water tap and a tap for water to drink and preparing the permeated water from the
service water filtered by a membrane modul

PURPOSE: To control the decrease of permeated water amount generated by membrane fouling, 1
reduce the frequency of chemical cleanings for a membrane in a large extent and operate a
membrane device stably by heating the water supply at the specified temperature, cooling and then
supplying the water to a filter with a separating membrane, and filterin

PURPOSE: To retain the concentration of organic matters at the set value at all times and reduce the
operation cost of a device by detecting the inflow amount of water to be cleaned and the
concentration of the organic matters based on the detected value and adjusting the output of an
ultraviolet lamp in compliance with the computed load amoun

PURPOSE: To sterilize general bacteria, etc., contianed in water by providing a circulation pipe
successively to the bottom surface of a lamp house mounted therein with a UV light source for
generating ozones and dropping treating water onto the water surface from the delivery port of such
circulation pip

PURPOSE: To prevent decrease of filtered amt. of water through a film due to accumulation of 1
suspended matters in the water to be treated and to permit filtration through the film for a long time in
the filtration through film of a cross-flow process by passing a part of the circulating water through a
filtration bag having a specified times pore size as compared to the pore size of the filter fil

PURPOSE: To make it possible to easily wash off even the dust adhered to the root part of a hollow 1
yarn at the time of backwashing, by constituting a holding frame for holding the end part of each
hollow yarn and a cover for covering and protecting the hollow yarn bundle as separate bodies and
making both of them detachabl

PURPOSE: To dispense with the power of a booster pump, etc., by separating a pure water part and a 1
raw liq. part with an osmotic membrane, separating a raw water part and a salt contg. liq. part with an
ultrafilter membrane and compressing the raw liq. part with the osmotic pressure due to the passage
of the water in a water supply part through the osmotic membran
PURPOSE: To prevent the lowering of the performance of a permeable membrane and the coloring of
permeated water and to supply potable water in a state of meeting the standards by backwashing a
filter for city water with permeated water sterilized by ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To provide an emergent water purifying apparatus made compact to a large extent and 1
suitable at the time of disasters by transitorily treating raw water by cross flow filtering using a
permeable membrane module such as a micro-filter membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane and
discharging conc. water out of the system without circulating the sam

PURPOSE: To increase the membrane area and filtrating amount and to provide the subject cartridge 1
with interchangeability with the existing standard cartridge type micro filter by supporting and fixing
the porous hollow yarn, in its open position, with the potting members in the space between the
porous outer cylinder and the poreless inner cylinde

PURPOSE: To enhance the purifying treatment efficiency of a liquid to be treated, by applying

purifying treatment to the liquid to be treated by the synergistic action of ultraviolet rays emitted from
an ultraviolet lamp and ozone formed by the irradiation of said ultraviolet rays while removing and
deodorizing dissolved ozone of the liquid to be treate

PURPOSE: To easily wash away the dust at the bottom part of a hollow yarn membrane during 1
backwashing by supporting and fixing the end part of a bundle of hollow yarns in a casing, placing the
hollow yarn in the recessed part of a filter cartridge packed with activated carbon and protecting the
hollow yarn with the contour of the cartridg

PURPOSE: To make possible the chromaticity of treated water uniform and to economize electric
power by subjecting the water to be treated to a decoloring treatment with an ozone-contg. gas,
measuring the UV absorptivity of the treated water by a UV meter and regulating the voltage of an
ozone generator by the value of the UV mete

PURPOSE: To furnish the hollow yarn membrane filter used for the cladding separation in the cooling 1
water with desalting function by packing ion exchange resin or ion exchange fiber into the column
accommodating the hollow yarn membrane module and removing the finely divided particle after
desalting raw wat
PURPOSE: To utilize the hollow yarn membrane effectively and make the separated micro solid 1
substance drained easily during back wash by providing the filtrate outlets both at the upper and lower
ends so that the back washing water can also be drained out of the central part of hollow yarn bundl

PURPOSE: To make a two-stage reverse-osmosis membrane device compact and to reduce the 1
running cos

PURPOSE: To prevent bacteria from proliferating in purifier water retaining not discharged after 1
passing through a filter membrane by arranging an antibacterial plastic sintered filter in a flow path
from the filter membrane to a purified water discharge outlet in a water purifier incorporating a filtration
module with the filter membran

PURPOSE: To effectively perform air scrubbing with a small quantity of air, by stretching a network 1
which allows liquid to pass through it but does not allow bubbles of air to pass through, over a
distributing plate excepting such part thereof located just and nearly under a hollow yarn membrane
module, causing air bubbles of air scrubbing to be passed intensively only from just and nearly under
said modul

PURPOSE: To make it possible to use the titled sterilizing apparatus even in a home, by arranging an
ultraviolet ray irradiating lamp in a cylinder provided with a treating water inflow port and a treating
water outflow port to make it possible to sterilize treating wate

PURPOSE: To perform extremely simple treatment for preventing drying of all hollow yarn-like 1
semipermeable membranes regardless of the forms and materials thereof by injecting a drying
preventive agent into the hollow yarn-like semipermeable membranes in a spinning stag

PURPOSE: To stably supply alkaline ion water by using UV rays for removing carbonate ions
generated when a Ca salt is wetted with the water to be treate
PURPOSE: To reduce the size over the entire part of a device and to produce clean water having high 1
safety by disposing a cup-shaped filter into a cup-shaped casing, providing a filter membrane and
tube to the inside surface thereof and providing a means for exerting air pressure to the filte

PURPOSE: To reduce fine particles and bacteria in water and to prevent the leakage of impurities to
final treated water, by providing an ultrafiltration membrane apparatus to the final stage of a treatment
apparatu

PURPOSE: To control propagation of microbes and germs, reduce the the number of times for 1
sterilizing and cleaning, decrease penetration speed of salt, prepare penetrating water of high purity
and prevent a membrane from getting compacted by maintaining a device including membrane
module under a low temperatur

PURPOSE: To contrive compacting the title apparatus as a whole, by forming a separation membrane 1
to the lower part of fluidized bed forming part and recirculating water treated by a fluidized be

PURPOSE: To execute the solid-liquid separation of a water to be treated without adding a special 1
power and to reduce running cost by applying a water head corresponding to the depth of water from
a fixed water level to a film separation uni

PURPOSE: To effectively carry out sterilization of bacteria and colon bacilli in water and oxidation of
org. and inorg. matter by ozone by providing a shielding body between an UV sterilizer and an ozone
stirring device both of which are furnished in the same main treating device bod

PURPOSE: To make it possible to perform the highly accurate measurement of the absorbance of
ultraviolet rays with organic material in test water by converting the measured value of the
concentration of dissolved ozone into the corresponding absorbance of the ultraviolet rays, and
correcting the effect of the ozon
PURPOSE: To easily sterilize a use point piping as well at a low cost by heating the supply water to
an ultrafilter membrane device which is the pure water obtd. in a primary side pure water producing
device, passing the water through the ultrafilter membrane device and passing the hot permeated
water thereof to the use point piping par

PURPOSE: To prevent oxidation deterioration of a membrane and also to prevent increase of slime by 1
intermittently adding a reducing agent to raw water in the case of adding an oxidizing agent to raw
water and subjecting the mixture to membrane separation treatmen

PURPOSE: To rapidly obtain fresh water, by providing a three-way change-over valve to the 1
connection part of bypass piping, which connects sea water supply piping for supplying sea water to a
reverse osmosis membrane module and production water piping, and the production water piping and
providing a water tank on the way of the bypass pipin

PURPOSE: To prevent the sticking of a microorganisms slime to a membrane and to stably maintain 1
the permeation performance of the membrane by decreasing the hardness component of a feed water
to less than a specified level and treating the feed water with a synthetic high polymer system
composite membrane module under the presence of a dissolved oxidizing agen

PURPOSE: To effectively treat org. materials by economically controlling the amt. of the oxidizing
agent to be incorporated into the water to be treated at the time of adding the oxidizing agent under
the irradiation of UV rays into the org. material-contg. water to oxidize and decompose the org.
materials contained in the water to be treate

PURPOSE: To obtain an ultrafiltration membrane having a high water permeation speed and excellent 1
strength and toughness by uniformly sticking a PVA polymer subjected to a water insolubilizing
treatment to the surface of a porous polyolefinic film and the inside surfaces of the pores thereo

PURPOSE: To reduce the pollution of a membrane surface and to effectively wash the polluted 1
membrane surface by providing a plurality of membrane modules containing many discoid
membranes to a hollow rotary shaft and independently changing over both a flowing process of liquid
to be treated and a washing process of the discoid membrane
PURPOSE: To continuously obtain sterilized cold water by providing a UV sterilizing lamp and stirrer
into a tank, further providing a partition body consisting of a structural body provided with air holes
between the lamp and the inside wall of the tank and providing a cooler to the lower par

PURPOSE:To effectively remove iron oxide adhered firmly on the membrane surface, by vibrating the 1
hollow yarn with foams after contacting a hollow yarn module contaminated by iron oxide with
hydrogen peroxide solution or ozon solution. CONSTITUTION:In the case when iron oxide is firmly
adhered on the membrane surface of a hollow yarn in condensation treatment in an atomic power
station or the like, an upper panel board 11 of a filter column 1 is removed, and, with hollow yarn
modules hanging down, a partition panel 2 is held up to the outside of the filter column and placed in
a washing tank 12. Next, hydrogen peroxide solution (or ozon solution) from a chemical liquid tank 13
is flowed in from the lower section of the tank 12 and circulated. Then, vapor 16 is flowed into a heat
exchanger 15 to heat up and circulated hydrogen peroxide solution and decomposes hydrogen
peroxide. The hollow yarn module 3 is taken back to the filter column 1. Pure water or the like is filled
in the lower section of the partition panel 2, air being introduced into an air inflow tube 8A, and iron
oxide is separated from the surface of hollow yarn membrane with foams rising up from a distributor

PURPOSE: To purify running water at low cost and safely by removing part of the running water in an 1
upstream side and organic components in a downstream side by the use of microbes which
decompose oily part and contaminated organic components contained in contaminated wate

PURPOSE: To reduce running cost and also to increase recovery rate and to effectively make 1
sterilization treatment of microorganisms by performing filtration with the circulated quantity and
membrane surface linear velocity of specific values in normal operation and including a disinfectant in
permeated water, etc., fed to a filter membrane module in backwashin

PURPOSE: To provide a polyolefin porous membrane which has eternal hydrophilicity suitable for 1
treating water-base liquid and can be produced by an industrially advantageous method, and to
provide its production metho

PURPOSE: To efficiently filter raw water supplied from rivers, etc., through hollow fiber membranes 1
and restart the filtering operation soon after the hollow fiber membranes have been cleane

PURPOSE: To provide treated water suitable for drinking by treating the unchlorinated surface flow 1
water of river water, lake and pond water, etc., by using hollow yarn type ultrafilter membranes and
bioactive carbon, thereby making it possible to effectively remove the pollutants and soluble
components in the surface flow water without subjecting the water to prechlorinatio
PURPOSE: To provide a membrane treatment apparatus by which filtered water with stable quality 1
can be obtained surely with no need of a large size installation to remove ai

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifying device of an integral construction type which combines
biological decomposition by microorganisms, sterilization by UV rays and sterilization and
deodorization by photocatalysts and can be miniaturize

PURPOSE: To perform good water treatment by sufficiently developing the effects of both of an
ultraviolet irradiation device and an ozone reacto

PURPOSE: To purify raw water by means of a simple structure without using chemicals by making
dissolved oxygen of high density contained in raw water from which underwater floating matters such
as green algae are separated, and then carrying out the oxidative decomposition of nitrogen
components by means of physiological filtration and the sterilization by means of emission of
ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To provide the membrane module reduced in the deterioration even if being subjected to 1
the strong oxidizing force of ozone and capable of stably treating water over a long period of time by
forming the hollow yarn membranes of the membrane module from fluororesin and forming a housing
from stainless steel, fluororesin or a chlorine-based resin and forming a hermetically closed end part
from a silicone resi

PURPOSE: To obtain a hydrophilic porous membrane having uniform micropores and suitably usable 1
in a field requiring hydrophilicity by coating the surface of a hydrophobic high-molecular microporous
film having a large number of micropores with specific water-insoluble modified nylo

PURPOSE: To obtain the title reverse-osmosis membrane having high water permeability by using a 1
polymer having a free amino radical on the principal chain or side chain in the treatment of a cationic
electrodeposition pain

PURPOSE: To prevent more than needed acceleration of the clogging in a hollow yarn filter when 1
precision filtration is not required by providing a branch water path to discharge water from between
an activated carbon filter and hollow yarn filter and providing a valve to open and close the branch
water pat
PURPOSE: To increase T.O.C. capacity of a reverse osmosis membrane device by making pH of pure 1
water obtained by a pure water producing device acid or alkaline and treating with a reverse osmosis
membrane of synthetic polyamide in the following stag

PURPOSE: To treat seawater at a low running cost by injecting SO2 gas or sulfurous acid respectively 1
to a seawater tank and between a pretreatment seawater tank and a reverse osmosis devic

PURPOSE: To effectively remove a trihalomethane precursor and to easily secure safe potable water 1
in a simple water supply, etc., by adding copper ions to a raw water contg. the trihalomethane
precursor before passing the raw water through a low pressure reverse osmosis membran

PURPOSE: To simplify the cleaning operation and decrease the quantity of wastes by providing a 1
plurality of ion exchange hollow yarn membrane modules in a filter chamber and removing melting
and non-melting impurities in a signal clearning devic

PURPOSE: To generate a hollow yarn membrane without dust adhesion and clogging in a filtered 1
water discharging section and a hollow section of a hollow system by providing a cleaning cap
equipped with a cleaning water feed tube and a drain tube connectable each other on the inlet side of
a hollow yarn membrane vesse

PURPOSE: To prevent the oxidation deterioration of a reverse osmosis membrane and an increase in 1
slime and to maintain desalting performance for a long period, by adding humic acids to raw water in
a method for subjecting the raw water to a desalting treatment by bringing the raw water into contact
with said membrane in the presence of an oxidizing agen

PURPOSE: To provide a device which maintains a fixed effect of removing bacteria for a long period 1
of time, by providing a cooling mechanism around a filter bo
PURPOSE: To prevent the deterioration of a membrane due to hydroxy radical generated on catalytic 1
action of heavy metal incorporated in a system by combining the addition of hydrogen peroxide and a
chelating agent to feed water and the regulation of pH to the specified rang

PURPOSE: To prepare a semipermeable composite membrane with reduced charged-volume and 1

small dependence on salt concentration, while maintaining a high water permeability by applying a
super-thin film comprising specific crosslinked aromatic polyamide as a main component on a hot-
water treated microporous substrate membran

PURPOSE: To solve complexity of washing by subjecting brine to low-pressure reverse osmosis 1

treatment to perform preliminary desalting and thereafter subjecting permeated water to
electrodialysis treatment to perform final desaltin

PURPOSE: To decrease the amount of a sterilizing agent to be used by subjecting raw water to ion 1
exchange membrane treatment and adding the sterilizing agent and thereafter feeding it to a
semipermeable membrane to treat i

PURPOSE: To decrease the capacity of a pump so as to reduce electric power consumption and to 1
improve the yield of product water by incorporating an automatic flushing mechanism into the titled
apparatu

PURPOSE: To reduce running cost, by a method wherein a degassing tower is arranged to the front 1
stage of a filter and natural gas is blown in the seawater within the degassing tower to lower the
oxygen partial pressure of the gaseous phase within the degassing towe

PURPOSE: To prevent a first filter from sticking of dirts in a stage of discharge of stagnating water and 1
to obtain filtered water without too long wainting time in a stage of reutilization of a filter device by
arranging a second filter to above a first filter, and arranging also an opening of a water discharging
path to above the first filte
PURPOSE: To obtain a simple filter device using an activator of several grams by connecting a 1
tubular member storing activated carbon and a filter medium and having a small hole provided to the
lower end part thereof to the emitting port provided to the bottom part of a liquid containe

PURPOSE: To quickly and uniformly dissolve the used carboxy methyl cellulose sodium salt into liquid 1
by adding the ultra-high substitution degree carboxy methyl cellulose sodium salt treated with
aldehydes such as glyoxal to mud wate

PURPOSE: To reduce operation cost, by injecting an oxidizing agent in the water on the upstream of a 1
hollow yarn membrane filter to remove the metal ion or colloid dissolved in said wate

PURPOSE: To obtain sterilized and odorless water from which impurities are removed at any time and
at any place without application of any chemicals by providing two filtration devices, two ceramic
deodorization tanks, an ultraviolet sterilization device and a treated water curing tan

PURPOSE: To prevent rise in pressure difference at an initial period by passing water contg. fine 1
particles of iron oxide having good peeling properties through a hollow yarn membrane before
passing raw water, and forming a coated thin film of the fine particles of iron oxide on the surface of
the hollow yarn membrane and preventing insoluble substance from remaining on the surface of the
membrane at a time of washin

PURPOSE: To highly purify air and water, by treating the air discharged from the interior of a house
with a cyclone and mixing ozone gas with said air to emit the air and the ozone gas from the water in
a bacteria removing tank in the form of fine buble

PURPOSE: To efficiently remove the org. matter in water by adding hydrogen peroxide to the water
prior to an anion-exchange resin stage, and projecting UV rays to the wate
PURPOSE: To reduce respectively the BOD concentration and the like and nitrogen content 1
concentration in soil water by operating an aeration device intermittently, repeating alternately the
aerobic and anaerobic biological treatments for soil water in a reaction tank and then solid-liquid
separating the liquid of active sludge in a filter device and feeding out filtrate therei

PURPOSE: To obtain bath water free from turbidity and odor and, at the same time, keep it clean
without multiplication of bacteria in a filter material part by arranging water-purifying filter material and
an ultraviolet lamp in a water pat

PURPOSE: To permit effective sterilization by introducing air from one end into between a water-
cooled jacket and an ultraviolet bactericidal lamp, ozonizing the air by means of bactericidal lamp, and
conducting the ozonized air to the other end where ozone and air are jet-injected to ultraviolet
sterilized water for effective sterilizatio

PURPOSE: To prevent generation of solid iron sticking to the filtrate side of a filter membrane and not 1
to allow lowering the permeation rate of the membrane in purifying condensate of steam in an atomic
reactor, by using hollow filament porous membrane with specific equivalent of a functional group in
side chains which have cationic exchange function, and with specific mean aperture diameter,
percentage of voids and membrane thicknes

PURPOSE:To facilitate the replacement of a filter tank, by mounting an oxygen generating solid agent 1
in the container provided with the filter tank filled with a filter material and visually confirming oxygen
generated from said solid agent and allowing the life time of the filter material to coincide with the
oxygen generating time of the solid agent. CONSTITUTION:An oxygen generating solid agent 1
continuously generating oxygen for a long time is mounted in a container 10 provided with a filter tank
2 filled with a filter material 3 and the oxygen generated from the solid agent 1 is visually confirmed
from the outside of the container 1. Further, the life time of the filter material 3 allowed to fill the filter
tank 2 is allowed to coincide with the oxygen generating time of the solid agent 1. As a result, since a
user can visually and easily confirm that the life time of the filter material 3 arrives when the
generation of oxygen from the solid agent 1 is stopped, the replacement of the filter tank 2 becomes
extremely eas

PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive portable liquid purifier simple in structure, reduced in waste 1
product and easy in production by constituting the purifier so that a liquid is successively passed
through a first section of a filter member and a second section by squeezing a container main body by
hand allowed to flow out from a liquid outflow port. CONSTITUTION:The container main body 10 with
thin thickness is formed of a flexible material such as polyurethane. Also in the filter member 16, the
first section 20 arranged with an active carbon molding 36 and the second section 22 arranged with a
hollow fiber membrane 32 are successively formed, and the liquid outflow port is formed continuously
in the second section 22. Besides the filter member 16 is fixed to the opening port 14 of the container
main body 10 watertightly and airtightly, at the first section 20 side in the state that the member 16
does not enter the container main body 10 rather than the opening port 14. A cap 38 turning on and
off the liquid outflow port 24 is fixed to the liquid outflow port 24 of the filter member 16. In the liquid
purifier formed in this way, the liquid is successively passed through the sections 20, 22 by squeezing
the container main body 10 by hand and is allowed to flow out from the liquid outflow port 2
PURPOSE: To provide a membrane module operating method capable of sufficiently restraining 1
degradation of water quality caused by an eluted product from the membrane and effectively
enhancing the water quality by the membrane module by controlling the total supply water quantity,
total permeation flow rate and permeation flow rate per unit membrane area on the lik

PURPOSE: To use a hollow fiber membrane filter combinedly in an active carbon regeneration-type 1
water-purifier by preventing deterioration of the hollow fiber membrane filter due to heat and
occurrence of vapor lock due to stea

PURPOSE: To provide a method for effectively removing gaseous CO2 passed through a membrane 1
in a pure water producing system mainly using a reverse osmosis devic

PURPOSE: To perform more complete gas-liquid separation with the same addition ratio of a 1
coagulant as conventional method, to miniaturize equipment and to make it inexpensive by separating
and removing coagulated, suspended matter in the water to be treated by a membrane separator
when water to be treated is subjected to pretreatment before the water to be treated is subjected to
ultrahigh treatmen

N/A

[From equivalent JP03249907A2] PURPOSE: To make improvement in the deaeration performance 1

of the dissolved gas in water in the above element by providing a partition in a central pipe and
providing a partition wall for specifying the flow direction of permeated fluid at the specific point of a
transmissible side flow passag

PURPOSE: To supply sterile water stably for a long period of time and prevent the undesirable effect 1
of the variation in water quality on an experiment by providing an ultrafilatration membrane module for
purifying raw water and a restoration device to be used when the membrane performance is lowered
in a drinking water supply line for animals used for the experimen

PURPOSE: To efficiently clean membranes of the whole module when a liquid is filtered while a 1
planer hollow fiber membrane module having sheets horizontally arranged is scrubbed with air from
the lower side of the module, by specifying the loosening rate of the hollow fiber membrane of the
modul
PURPOSE:To selectively obtain purified water having a purity conforming with the purpose of use by 1
using this water purifier. CONSTITUTION:This water purifier consists essentially of first to third water
purification tanks 2 to 4, a casing 5 and a discharge pipe 7. The tank 2 is packed with a wound filter
2A, the tank 3 with an activated-carbon filter 3A and a hollow-fiber membrane filter 3B and the tank 4
with a reverse-osmosis membrane filter 4A. When a lever switch is turned and a microswitch 42 is
closed, a solenoid value 26 provided on a branch pipeline 25 is opened, and the second-stage
purified water filtered by the tanks 2 and 3 is discharged from the discharge pipe 7 through the branch
pipeline 25. When the lever switch is turned and a microswitch 43 is closed, a water feed pump 32 is
started, and the third-stage purified water stored in a water storage tank 29 is discharged from the
pipe

PURPOSE: To detect a failure of a protective pipe housing a UV lamp for sterilizing and purifying bath
water in the case of such failure and prevent scattering of the splinters of this protective pipe into a
bath water circulating path and bath tu

PURPOSE: To extremely safely, surely and efficiently remove the impurities, especially org. matter, by
adding hydrogen peroxide to the water having specified contents of total org. component and
irradiating the water with UV while blowing air into the wate

PURPOSE: To provide a method for cleaning hollow filament films, short in washing time and reduced 1
in consumption of cleaning wate

[From equivalent JP06055166A2] PURPOSE: To automatically remove a volatile harmful substance 1

in a highly efficient manner by a simple apparatus by a method wherein underground water if brought
into contact with the treated surface of a separation membrane obtained by treating one surface of a
plastic substrate membrane with fluorocarbon gas plasma and the other surface of the separation
membrane is scavenged by air to transfer the volatile harmful substance to ai

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifier having germicidal activities and capable of converting
ammoniac nitrogen into relatively nontoxic nitrate nitrogen by installing an ultraviolet lamp and a
photocatalyst unit in a water purifying tan

PURPOSE: To produce city water, industrial water, etc., by using a permeable membrane of a 1
microfilter membrane or an ultrafilter membrane to filter dissolved manganese-water contg. water
including underground wate
[From equivalent JP03123562A2] PURPOSE: To make smooth the flow of a fluid from a fluid inflow 1
part to the opening of a hollow fiber membrance and to prevent the generation of the stagnation and
turblent flow of the fluid by mounting a partition wall isolating the internal and external spaces of each
hollow fiber membrane in a housing and smoothing the opening of each hollow fiber membrane and
the end surface of the adjacent partition wal

[From equivalent JP02245288A2] PURPOSE: To prevent offensive odor and offensive taste caused 1
by anaerobes by charging filter medium at upper part of a cartridge for purification as possible to
attach/ detach to side face of a water purifier body, arranging air intake hole and providing the
ordinary returning passage at lower part of the cartridge between the cartridge and the bod

PURPOSE: To remove hydrophobic gaseous materials contained in water, particularly trihalomethane 1

to the maximum and to always supply safe water by removing the hydrophobic gaseous materials
from water on the primary side by permeation through a gaseous material permeable high polymer
membrane whose gaseous pressure at its secondary side is made negativ

PURPOSE: To improve the recovery rate of water by constituting so as to carry out the membrane 1
separation of a treated water in biological filtration means with membrane separation means and
return total quantity of the water concentrated by the membrane separation means to the biological
filtration means to prevent the concentration of organic materials and highly concentrate at high
permeation speed with high efficiency in the member separation mean

PURPOSE: To improve decomposition efficiency and applicability in practical use by subjecting liquid
contg. a halogen-contg. org. compd. and isopropanol to irradiation with UV rays in the absence of an
alkaline material, a treatment with an alkali, then treating this liquid with an aq. so

PURPOSE: To heighten the removal efficiency without degrading the removal function of a dissolved 1
gas even if an apparatus is used for a long duration by raising the temperature of the aqueous
solution to be brought into contact with a hollow yarn membrane at the time when one side of the
porous hollow yarn member 2 made of a specified hydrophobic polymer is brought into contact with
the aqueous solution and the other side is brought to be under a decreased pressur

PURPOSE: To enable treatment without generating environmental pollution by halogens,

fluorocarbons and other hardly treatable industrial waste by executing electrolysis of water while
irradiating water or an aq. soln. with a specific short-wavelength light or X-rays or specific long-
wavelength light or electromagnetic waves at the time of starting the electrolysis or during the
electrolysi

PURPOSE: To prevent the clogging of a membrane, to easily set the operating condition of the 1
membrane treating device and to improve the recovery rate of treated water in the entire system by
treating raw water with a biological filter and membrane in this orde
[From equivalent JP03118897A2] PURPOSE: To stably and efficiently obtain treated water having 1
high water quality with easy operation management and without problems in scale precipitation while
dealing well with the fluctuation in the quality of raw water by adjusting the pH of the raw water to a
specific value and adding at least a part of the concd. liquid discharged from a membrane separating
stage of the ensuring stage and thereby executing reactio

[From equivalent JP03202133A2] PURPOSE: To selectively transmit and remove odoriferous matter 1
in water by forming a composite separation membrane by providing a layer made highly hydrophobic
by plasma surface treatment to a sponge like porous surface layer having a specific mean pore size
and a specific membrane surface void rati

PURPOSE: To provide an ultraviolet absorbance measuring device capable of accurately measuring

ultrasonic absorbance due to absorption of organic matter even if dissolved ozone is in test water, and
capable also of accurately measuring the ultraviolet absorbance of raw water to be ozonized, using
one measuring instrumen

PURPOSE: To prevent the contamination of obtained treated water by certainly detecting the leakage 1
of a primary side raw soln. to secondary side permeated water from the surface of a membrane
caused by the damage of the membran

PURPOSE: To improve circulation and purification properties of pool water by installing a rotating
drum type solid-liq. separation apparatus wherein a filter material of which a base material made of
woven fabric or knit fabric is made piled and pile of ultrafine fiber is laid to cover the surface of the
base material is mounted, on the upstream side and an oxidation apparatus on the downstream sid

PURPOSE: To remove a dissolved gas in a solution to be treated, to decrease pressure drop and 1
reduce a required driving power by dipping a hallow yarn deaerating membrane unit into the solution
to be treated and evacuating the inside of the hollow yarn membrane by a vacuum line connected to
an opening part of the hollow yarn membran

PURPOSE: To obtain fresh water in such a state that the production amt. of water is stabilized, to 1
enhance the coefficient of utilization of raw water and to facilitate maintenance and control by
controlling the suppry pressure of water to a reverse osmosis membrane device by controlling the
opening degree of a flow control valve on the basis of the detection signal of a flow rate detecto

PURPOSE: To prevent the clogging of a membrane, to perfom stable solid-liquid separation by

estimating the organic matter concentration in water to be treated from at least one measured value of
the amount of total organic carbon, the chemical oxygen demand, the ultraviolet absorption and the
viscosity of the water to be treated and controlling the suction means or driving means of a membrane
separator based on the estimatio
[From equivalent JP06015270A2] PURPOSE: To keep the recovery of produced water almost 1
constant by simple operation without stopping a reverse osmosis membrane devic

[From equivalent JP01004289A2] PURPOSE: To prevent the contamination of the membrane 1

surfaces of hollow yarns with iron on the filtrate side thereof, by connecting a condensed water inflow
pipe to a filter tower using a hollow yarn module for treating condensed water containing iron oxide
and providing a means for adding an oxidizer to the condensed water on the way of said inflow pip

[From equivalent JP05329477A2] PURPOSE: To improve the membrane filtration efficiency of the 1
membrane sepn. device in the membrane sepn. method for treating biologically treated water with the
membrane sepn. device and to improve the treatment efficienc

PURPOSE: To decompose organic chlorine compounds by oxidation without being hindered by

components contained in raw water to be treate

[From equivalent JP06134265A2] PURPOSE: To always keep stable separation function by 1

simplifying the structure of a solid-liquid separator using a membrane module to miniaturize the
separator and more facilitating the operation control of the devic

[From equivalent JP01107887A2] PURPOSE: To utilize a reverse osmotic membrane device 1

effectively and with high efficiency by utilizing two sets of reverse osmotic membrane device for the
treatment of raw water and also for the treatment of primary permeat

PURPOSE: To provide a flat laminated separation membrane device capable of highly efficiently 1
removing the turbid component and a low-b.p. component at the same time and capable of
miniaturizing the equipmen
PURPOSE: To facilitate production by a method in which raw liquid is passed continuously through 1
more than one stage of an ultrafiltration membrane modude having a function of specified fractional
molecular weight, at least one stage of the membrane module specifies the fractional molecular
weight, and sterilization with hot water is conducted in the ultrafiltration module of the final stag

PURPOSE:To simultaneously remove metallic components and total organic carbon components from 1
hydrogen peroxide water to extremely low levels. CONSTITUTION:This system for removing metallic
components and total organic carbon components from hydrogen peroxide water to obtain highly
purified hydrogen peroxide water is composed of (A) a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus, (B) an
anion exchange apparatus and (C) a cation exchange apparatus. A crude hydrogen peroxide water of
pH 1.7-5.0 is treated with the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus A under a pressure difference of
5-25kg/cm at -20 to +35 deg.

PURPOSE: To convert volatile organic compounds into a harmless, easily decomposable secondary
by-product by a process in which the volatile organic compounds extracted from soil or water are
oxidized by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays in the presence of oxygen and brought into contact
with wate

PURPOSE: To effectively remove volatile silicon from water in a volatile state by subjecting raw water
containing volatile silicon to aeration or degassing treatment under a condition of specific LV (linear
velocity

PURPOSE: To provide a molding excellent in hydrophilicity and useful for anti- thrombogenic artificial
blood vessels, artificial hearts, contact lenses, etc., by applying UV laser light having a specific
wavelength to at least a part of a fluororesin moldin

PURPOSE: To effectively perform membrane washing by an air scrubbing method by vertically 1

installing flat filter membrane cells having through-holes in a liquid to be treated in a tank and
arranging diffuser pipes below the flat filter membrane cell

PURPOSE: To prevent the generation of a halogenated org. substance in water to be treated, in a 1

seawater desalting process using a reverse osmosis membrane, by using a chloramine based on
monochloramine obtained by optimizing a reaction condition as a sterilizing agen

PURPOSE: To cope with variations in the inflow of raw water without requring complicated control and 1
expensive equipment in a membrane filtration method obtained by differences in water level by
obtaining the fixed flow rate of treated water with the water level in a treating tank baing changed
corresponding to a change in the filtration resistance of a membran
PURPOSE: To make an apparatus compact and reduce an installation area, in treating raw water 1
containing soluble manganese, by exposing the raw water to UV rays in the presence of free chlorine
to oxidize manganese and subjecting the treated raw water to membrane filterin

PURPOSE: To sterilize, to inactivate or to make absorbed micro-organisms such as bacteria and virus 1
or ammonia, bilirubin, toxic substances, etc., existing in city water, waste water, blood, plasma
components, sea water and other sol

PURPOSE: To provide a measuring device of an absorbance of ultraviolet rays capable of accurately

and continuously measuring the absorbance of ultraviolet rays based on the absorption of organic
material by a method wherein even when dissolved ozone is in an ozone treatment water, the simple
pretreatment is applied theret

PURPOSE: To allow the continuous filtration of untreated water by blocking a drop in the internal 1
pressure of a container caused by the sequential forced filtration of untreated water in a pressure
retaining container by a gas pressure using filters in the containe

PURPOSE: To provide a gas-exchange hollow-fiber membrane module with the hollow-fiber 1

membranes easily exchanged, capable of treating a large amt. of gas without complicating the device
and enhanced in gas exchange efficienc

PURPOSE: To improve a sterilization effect for a bacteria that exists in water to be treated in a water 1
treating syste

PURPOSE: To provide a membrane module with a small friction resistance and a uniform membrane 1
face sweeping flow and by which an apparatus can be large-sized by providing supporting materials
in a hollow membrane supporting plates and forming flow paths for a membrane transmitting liq.
between the supporting material

PURPOSE: To avoid troublesome initial maintenance care, to eliminate the need for the maintenance,
inspection and repair in intial use, to prolong the sevice life of a UV lamp and to provide a water
purifier capable of excellently purifying wate
PURPOSE: To completely remove a soluble manganese incorporated in a raw water used as a city 1
water by injecting a chlorine-based oxidizer and potassium permanganese to precipitate the
manganese and filtering the raw water by a micro-filter membrane or an ultrafilter membran

PURPOSE: To inexpensively provide a structure for supporting a filter membrane device wherein flat 1
membranes are arranged in parallel without any fixing frame and with the partition wall reinforce

PURPOSE: To inject only a perfectly dissolved rustproof agent into water supply piping in a specific 1
standard concn. by setting a micro-filter to the interior of a solid rustproof agent injector and
preventing the solid rustproof agent suspended together with water without being dissolved from
flowing out to the water supply pipin

PURPOSE: To remove a precursor substance having trihalomethane forming capacity by successively 1

filtering ozone-treated water by a ultrafiltration membrane having two or more of preset mol.wt.
fractionation stages and measuring the water quality control items of the obtained conc. soln. to
evaluate ozone treatment characteristic

PURPOSE: To obtain water purifying and sterilizing action by discharging chlorine dissolved in water
by using both the sterilizing actions of an ultraviolet lamp and the development of a strong oxidizing
action induced by the catalytic action due to the chemical reactivity of nascent oxygen which is formed
by the decomposition of ozone whose solubility is increased by the underwater aeration of an ozone
magnetizing ai

PURPOSE: To remove dissolved manganese along with a suspended substance by an extremely 1

compact water purifying device in small-scaled water purifying equipment by filtering dissolved
manganese-containing raw water into which chlorine is injected by a micro-filter membrane or
ultrafilter membrane having a manganese dioxide crystal deposited on the surface thereo

PURPOSE: To reduce power consumption quantity and treatment cost due to ultraviolet irradiation by
efficiently decomposing an org. aci

PURPOSE: To efficiently peel the layer of matter to be filtered deposited on the surface of a 1
separation membrane by supplying a predetermined amt. of air to mix the same with a raw soln. to
form air bubble streams along the separation membran
PURPOSE: To provide the selective removing function of lead in addition to filtering function, 1
deodorizing function and bactericidal function by supporting hydroxyapatite particles on a porous
material and preventing the clogging of the pores of the porous material with hydroxyapatite particle

PURPOSE: To make a purifying tank compact and to lower BOD and enhance the removal efficiency 1
of a nitrogen component by separating an anaerobic filter bed chamber and an aeration tank by a
flooding weir to biologically treat water to be treated in respective parts and performing the solid-liquid
separation of water to be treated by a membrane separator within the aeration tan

PURPOSE: To provide a desalted water production device capable of obtaining permeated water 1
reduced in free carbon dioxide quantity, even though a decarbonation tower is not provided in a front
stage of a reverse osmosis devic

PURPOSE: To eliminate a difference between the water level in a filter tank and the water level in a 1
flat membrane module at the time of draining the water of this filter chamber and to prevent rupture of
flat membranes by expansion of these membranes by providing a piping for draining water with an
automatic valve and controlling opening and closing of this automatic valve in accordance with the
output of a water level detecting sensor which detects the water level of the original water in the filter
chambe

PURPOSE: To provide a module reduced in the lowering of filtering efficiency even when hollow yarn 1
membranes are charged in a high packing ratio and usable for a long period of time by charging
hollow yarn membrane bundles in a container in such a state that a water guide pipe is provided in
the container to fix the same and allowing the single end of the water guide pipe to communicate with
a raw water passage and providing water guide holes to the side surface of the water guide pip

PURPOSE: To certainly prevent the generation of red water containing ferric oxide by separating and 1
removing impurities whose particle size exceeds a specific value contained in water by using a
precise filter membrane and subsequently separating and removing oxygen and air contained in
water by using a degassing membran

PURPOSE: To keep the flow rate of the water permeated through a membrane module constant and 1
to specify the permeated water flow rate/feed water flow rat

PURPOSE: To prevent a water leak during long-time use and to keep removing capacity by 1
connecting the aq. soln. lead-out part of a hydrophobic porous hollow fiber membrane module of
predetermined constitution using a hydrophobic porous hollow fiber membrane to the aq. soln,
introducing port of a conjugate hollow fiber membrane module of predetermined constitution using a
conjugate hollow fiber membran
PURPOSE: To efficiently wash the membrane surface, since air bubbles released from an air ejecting 1
means hit uniformly the whole hollow yarn membrane at the time of scraping, and to prevent increase
of the difference pressure and drop of the flow rate for a long perio

PURPOSE: To improve the efficiency in removing org. matter in the device to oxidize and decompose
the org. matter in the water to be treated by irradiating the water with UV by heating the water to a
specified temp. to oxidize and decompose the org. matte

PURPOSE: To efficiently filter a liquid high in turbidity (especially turbidity of org. matter 1

PURPOSE: To enhance portability and to obtain excellent water purifying efficiency by constituting a 1
water purifying device having a pressurizing pump for pressurization in a container for water storage,
a filter section for purifying the raw water delivered from this container for water storage and a stop
cock and making it possible to house the respective constituting parts in a separated sta

PURPOSE: To provide a membrane treating device capable of operating for a long period almost 1
unrequiring the replenishment of chemicals such as acid and alkali and besides having high water
utilization facto

PURPOSE: To sterilize, purity and electrolyze water in a single water tank by constituting the 1
equipment of a heteropolar electrode, a filtration member, an electrolytic diaphragm separately or in
assembly in the single water tank to allow them to be used as a non-diaphragm type electrolytic
apparatus, a water purifier and a diaphragm electrolytic apparatus corresponding to the application
purpos

PURPOSE:To provide a water purifying filter of simple structure hard to generate clogging and a water 1
purifier using the same. CONSTITUTION:This water purifier 10 comprises a container 11 consisting of
an upper container 11A to which raw water 18 for filtration is fed and a lower container 11B separable
each other, a raw water feed section 12 for feeding the raw water 18 formed on the upper section side
of the upper container 11A, a water purifying filter 1 installed on the bottom section of the lower
container 11B, a fixing means 13 for fixing the water purifying filter 1 and a pure water outflow section
14 for flowing out pure water formed on the lower section side of the lower container 11B. An area to
be filtered can be formed widely when the raw water 18 for purification is filtered by the arrangement,
and a water purifier 10 of simple structure, in which a wide area of filtration can be formed and
clogging is hard to be generated, can be provide
PURPOSE:To filter rainwater and the like in emergency such as earthquake disaster and turn the 1
rainwater into water to drink by filling calcium phosphate fine powder in a hollow cylindrical cartridge
and forming a filter unit. CONSTITUTION:Calcium phosphate fine powder 21 is filled in a cartridge 11
and a filter 1 is constituted. The cartridge 11 is formed as a hollow closed-end cylindrical container
and covered by a cartridge cover (cover) 12, and fixed by caulking or the like. An inlet nozzle 13 is
connected with the center of the cover 12 and an outlet nozzle 14 is connected with the center of a
bottom section, and a water-permeable partition 15 is inserted and fixed to prevent the separation of
the calcium phosphate fine powder 21. The filter unit 1 is set in a case 3, and an injection hose 4 and
a discharge hose 5 are connected with the upper and lower sections of the case 3, and water is filled
by the filter unit 1. Also active carbon fine powder and calcium phosphate fine powder can be filled
successively at the volume ratio of almost 1:1-1:2 from the upstream side to the downstream side of
flowing wate

PURPOSE: To provide a pretreatment process for seawater which can carry out the reduction by 1
sodium bisulfite in a good manner and prevent securely the generation of residual chlorine even when
a copper ion generation source exists in a pretreatment line in the case of carrying out the
pretreatment as the addition of a chlorine generating agent or reduction by sodium bisulfite and feed
the raw seawater to membrane modul

PURPOSE: To improve the cleaning efficiency by means of simple equipment by emitting ultraviolet
rays to water in a water tank, sterilizing, blowing forcibly ozone air and ozone cleanin

PURPOSE: To safely automate the chemical cleaning of an ultrafilter(UF) and to alternately repeating 1
the washing and backward washing to prolong the service life of the UF membrane by automatically
isolating the module line of the UF when the average inter-membrane differential pressure reaches a
specified value and starting the chemical cleaning of the U

PURPOSE:To provide a water purifying unit in which the adhesion and propagation of bacteria is 1
prohibited. CONSTITUTION:A water purifying unit 30 is set watertightly on a down side container 32.
A filter case 62 containing a filter 40 is installed in a case 38. A cylinder 48 which is penetrated
vertically is installed in the case 38, and the inner part of it is an outlet 46. The upper end of the
cylinder 48 protrudes above the upper edge of the periphery of the case 38. The case 38 and the filter
case 62 are made of an antibacterial resin. A recessed part H1 is formed on the upper surface of the
filter case 62, and the inner surface of the unit is sterilized by chlorine released from city water in the
recessed part H

PURPOSE: To eliminate troubles in an electric system due to condensed water and to integrate a 1
pure water making apparatus into automatic analysis equipment by discharging condensed water
generated from modules and their connecting tubes by an aspirator installed in the drainage channel
of a reverse osmosis membrane modul

PURPOSE: To reduce the filtration energy, to improve the efficiency in backwashing the hollow-fiber 1
membrane and to effectively prevent the membrane being clogged by transiently lowering the filtration
pressure when the filtration performance of the module is deteriorate
PURPOSE: To keep the amount of permeation water constant and to extend the life of a hollow fiber 1
membrane by controlling the recovery corresponding to the turbidity of raw water by a specified
expression in a water purification system in which a hollow fiber membrane module is used by
crossflow permeation including backward washin

[From equivalent JP05253451A2] PURPOSE: To improve filtration performance for impurities by 1

constituting a filter of a cylindrical body having an outer circumferential surface which is in contact with
unpurified liquid and an inner circumferential surface which limits a central through hole in which
unpurified liquid or purified liquid flows and making plural though holes in a thick wall part between the
outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical body, in through
holes which liquid after purification flows in the generating line directio

PURPOSE: To prepare a filter membrane for water treatment less in fouling phenomenon by allowing 1
a high polymer compound layer composed of the specified structure of ethylene unit or a high polymer
compound layer composed of structural units of vinyl alcohol unit to exist on at least a part of the
surface of the membran

PURPOSE: To provide a dissolved oxygen reducing device capable of reducing a dissolved oxygen 1
concn. in water by a hollow fiber membrane separating metho

[From equivalent JP04078426A2] PURPOSE: To maintain a high permeation flux over a long period 1
of time and to allow efficient sepn. with good efficiency by providing flow rate sensors in two lines
among the liquid inflow, concd. liquid and permeated liquid line of a rotary flat membrane module and
controlling the discharge rate of a liquid supply pump via a controller so as to maintain a constant flow
rate rati

[From equivalent JP06182338A2] PURPOSE: To control the adhesion and growth of a biological 1
layer (slime) to a membrane face and retain a water permeating flux to the membrane face at a high
level without providing the high flow rate on the membrane face of a membrane separating device and
applying the operation of flowing suspen sion water or gas-liquid mixed liquid containing particles and
scraping off an adhesion layer on the membrane face in a membrane separating device using
biologically treated water from a biological reaction tank as raw wate

[From equivalent JP06233981A2] PURPOSE: To remove completely microbes which leak out of an 1
active carbon filtration device by first removing an insoluble substance from untreated water using a
front stage filtration membrane without increasing the pressure of the untreated water halfway, then
further, removing a soluble substance in the water filtered through the front stage filtration membrane
by using the active carbon filtration device, and thereby removing microbes which leak out of the
active carbon filtration device using a back stage filtration membran
[From equivalent JP06023356A2] PURPOSE: To prevent the oxidative deterioration of a reverse 1
osmosis membrane and the generation of slime and to keep a high desalting ratio by controlling the
addition amount of the chlorine type oxidizing agent added to raw water so that the concn. of the
residual chlorine type oxidizer at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane enters a specific value
range as chlorin

[From equivalent JP06099197A2] PURPOSE: To produce ultrapure water minimized in organic 1

substance, live bacteria and dissolved oxygen by dissolving ozone in untreated water, irradiating the
untreated water with ultraviolet rays, passing the treated water through the liquid contact side of a
specified gas permeation membrane, supplying hydrogen to the gas contact side, furthermore
passing water through a specified ion exchange resin and performing ultrafiltratio

[From equivalent JP04061983A2] PURPOSE: To reduce energy consumption and to carry out 1
efficient treatment by passing salt-containing water through reverse osmosis membrane modules of
two or more stages to separate the same into desalted water of a drinking water level and highly conc.
water with a specific range of salt conc

PURPOSE: To improve filtration performance without lowering the available efficiency of aeration air 1
in a membrane cartridge arranged in a vertical directio

PURPOSE: To effectively release the cake and gel layer depositing on the inner face of the hollow 1
part of a tubular membrane (e.g. hollow-fiber membrane) by the shearing force produced at an air-liq.
interface without using an air compresso

PURPOSE: To obtain a microporous membrane which can be suitably used for a filter membrane for a 1
water treating unit by which trihalomethane dissolved in city water can be efficiently removed and safe
and tasty water can be provide

PURPOSE: To provide an ultraviolet sterilization device constituted so as to be arranged to a bath hot

water purifying device or the like to sterilize various bacteria in bath hot wate

PURPOSE: To prevent the deterioration of a separation membrane caused by a sterilizing agent and 1
to eliminate the wasteful discharge of the sterilizing agent to the outside, in a water purifying system
using a hollow yarn membrane module containing backwashing, by using the sterilizing agent
corresponding to a backwashing time calculated according to a specific calculation formul
[From equivalent JP01194991A2] PURPOSE:To remove pyrogen (heat-generating material) 1
efficiently from a pyrogen-contg. liquid, by using a membrane together with a pyrogen-adsorbing body.
CONSTITUTION:Raw water (a) is pressure-increased by a pump (b) and filtered with an ultrafilter
membrane module (c) to give a permeated water. Then, the resulting water is re-pressurized by a
pump (e) and filtered through an adsorbing body (d) having a large filling capacity to remove pyrogen
perfectly and give pyrogen-removed water (g

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifying device which is capable of easily purifying water without
using a medicinal liquid, is formable to a smaller size and is convenient to carry by providing this
device with a DC/AC converter using batteries as its power source and a UV lamp which is connected
to this converter and irradiates the inside of the water to be treated with UV ray

PURPOSE: To conveniently and efficiently exterminate the harmful organism such as algae, to
decompose harmful matter and to purify water by providing a water purifier with a photocatalyst, a
fixed-bed photocatalyst reactor, a means for supplying water to the reactor and a means for irradiating
the photocatalyst with a UV-contg. light and cascade-controlling the water curren

PURPOSE: To decompose and remove hydrogen peroxide formed as a byproduct without using
activated carbon, in a water treatment method wherein ozone is added to water to be treated and the
org. matter dissolved in water to be treated is decomposed by the irradiation with ultraviolet rays, by
holding hydrogen peroxide formed as a byproduct under an alkaline conditio

PURPOSE: To obtain a sterilization effect equal to or more than that of chlorine by dividing the total 1
amount of ozone to be used to sterilize seawater into fractions, adding fractional ozone in the vicinity
of a seawater intake and adding another fraction in the rear flow of a filter, and adding a reductant into
seawater in the front flow of reverse osmosis equipmen

PURPOSE: To obtain a reverse osmosis membrane water purifier in which a container for storing 1
purified water can easily be cleaned and used, a necessary amount of highly purified water can be
taken out in a clean container to be drunk directly, and city water is purified by a filter of a reverse
osmosis membrane and the purified water is store

PURPOSE: To provide a complex filter in which membrane filtration is possible without installing a 1
filter for pretreatment, and regeneration is easy when a hollow fiber module clogged u

PURPOSE: To provide a miniature hollow yarn membrane type water purifier by which purified water 1
free from fine dust and bacteria is always supplied and backwash is enabled by utilizing purified water
without necessitating a water storage tank, and reliability of purification effect is excellent.
CONSTITUTION: A hollow yarn membrane type water purifier 1 is equipped with an activated carbon
tank 5 and a hollow yarn membrane tank and has a constitution in which the hollow yarn membrane
tanks 81 , 82 are provided in parallel in the syste
PURPOSE: To obtain a flat membrane separator capable of maintaining the filtration performance of 1
filter membranes over a long period of time and decreasing frequencies of washing by arranging a
gas diffusing means for releasing gas right under part of flat membrane

PURPOSE: To obtain inexpensive fresh water utilizing a desalted waste water by installing a seawater 1
desalter using a reverse-osmosis membrane in the succeeding stage of a seawater concentrator
using an ion-exchange membrane and connecting the desalter to a dil. brine discharge pipe in the
concentrato

PURPOSE: To reduce the load to a filter while extending a filtering continuing time by irradiating
algae-containing water with ultraviolet rays to destroy the outer shells of algae and adding a flocculant
to the algae-containing water to flocculate algae to form flocs and separating and removing flocs by
pressure flotation before filtering the treated wate

PURPOSE: To accurately and continuously measure the ultraviolet absorbancy of organic substances
and that of dissolved ozone when ozone treatment water contains dissolved ozon

PURPOSE: To provide an ultraviolet sterilizer for a bathtub which has simple structure, can be
produced at low costs, and is good at safet

PURPOSE: To provide a filter part of a water purifier of strong chlorine removing power and high 1
chlorine removing capacit

PURPOSE: To enhance a water recovering rate of a fresh water generator using a reverse osmosis 1
membrane devic

PURPOSE: To provide a cleaning method for a water tank for aquarium fish comprising simple
structure, capable of preventing water turbidity in a water tank for aquarium fish and offering sufficient
irradiation effect with ultraviolet ligh
PURPOSE: To realize an apparatus wherein no cake layer is formed on the surfaces of hollow yarn 1
membranes and the passages of raw water between the hollow yarn membranes are not close

PURPOSE: To effectively reduce manganese or iron ions, in treating water using a hollow yarn 1
ultrafiltration membrane module or a precise filter membrane module, by treating transmitted water
from the membrane module with mangagese sand and using this treated water as backwashing wate

PURPOSE: To improve water permeability (gas permeability) of the sheet by using pulp and specified 1
amounts of fibrous activated carbon and inorganic particles as the components of a material for
forming a harmful substance removing sheet which is appropriately used for a simple throwaway
container type filter for purifying water such as tap water, et

PURPOSE: To reduce the size of a heater and a space for housing a sterilizing lamp and to prevent
the deterioration of the case by UV rays radiated from this sterilizing lamp by mounting the heater
around the UV lamp of a device provided with the UV lamp for sterilization in mid-way of a circulating
flow passage for bath wate

PURPOSE: To increase the quantity of water to run and automatically discharge standing air to 1
outside by combining a hollow yarn membrane bundle produced by spirally rolling its flat bundle with a
composite layer membrane produced by overlaying at least two of flat membranes in the state
wherein a gap to enable air to flow is kept between the membrane

PURPOSE: To provide a water purifying device capable of accurately judging the exchange time of 1
various filtration means and surely executing purifying operation in the purifying device for purifying
water with the filtration means, particularly capable of preventing the deterioration of the filtration
means for filtering by recycling water containing impurities after filtratio

PURPOSE: To provide filter not generating the dripping of water from an emitting orifice or the 1
scattering of water at the time of the discharge of water and having mineral water forming functio

PURPOSE: To increase the catching possible amt. of particles by suppressing a rise in the filtering 1
differential pressure to the amt. of filtered and caught particles and to extend a usable period by
passing water containing fine particles through a filter membrane to form a thin coating film of fine
particles on the surface of the filter membrane and subsequently passing raw water through the filter
membrane so as to obtain good filtered water quality from the initial stage of novel water passag
PURPOSE: To provide a method for treating water to efficiently decompose and remove the hydrogen
peroxide generated as a by-product when the org. matter in the water to be treated is oxidized and
decomposed by irradiating the water with UV while adding the water ionized by anodic electrolysis
without using activated carbo

PURPOSE: To prevent field crop from being damaged by salt and to continuously and 1
semipermanently reutilize waste water by pretreating the waste water with a dust collector, a sand
filter, etc., then desalting the pretreated water with a reverse-osmosis-membrane desalting device and
discharging the desalted wate

PURPOSE: To remove the contamination of a blank water before calibration or dilution is carried out
by emitting ultraviolet rays with the use of an ultraviolet lamp to the blank water stored in an automatic
water quality-measuring apparatus equipped with the ultraviolet lamp for decomposing of a sample
wate

PURPOSE: To prevent the counter contamination of stagnated purified water caused by a 1

contaminant such as bacteria penetrating from a purified water outlet in a water passing stop state by
arranging a fiber layer to which an antibacterial agent containing antibacterial metal ions is held on the
end surface of the purified water outlet of a water purifying membrane module obtained by housing
hollow yarn membranes in a cylindrical cas

PURPOSE: To obtain stable high water quality by separating flocs consisting of hydroxide of a 1
flocculant metal salt and arsenic generated by a coprecipitation method using a flocculant by a
ultrafiltratioan membrane or a microfilter membran

PURPOSE: To provide a compact membrane module with the separation membrane hardly fixed or 1
integrated even when used in filtering highly polluted water and without the filtration capacity being
lowered even if the membrane area is increased by imparting a water collecting function to one end of
the module and an air diffusing function to the other en

PURPOSE: To increase the amt. of purified water and to facilitate operation by connecting a suction 1
pump to a filtration cylinder through a connector and providing a filter medium in the cylinder and a
strainer member furnished with a water intake at the botto

PURPOSE: To obtain an ultraviolet sterilizer superior in sterilization effect in a large scale treatment
such as sewerage treatment, industrial waste water treatment, purification treatment and irrigation
water treatmen
PURPOSE: To safely and easily obtain a purified water usable for cleaning and drinking at any time 1
without using an artificial power source of electricity, etc., by providing a water purifier with a storage
tank, a hand pump, a reverse- osmosis membrane separator and a discharge port for returning
concd. water to the storage tan

PURPOSE: To efficiently eliminate dissolved gas in water to be treated by making a pressure of a 1

water sealing type vacuum pump less than saturated vapor pressure of water to be treate

PURPOSE: To provide a water treating process using an ultraviolet ray irradiation device capable of
effectively decomposing and removing organic matters in water to be treated without requiring the
addition of a special componen

PURPOSE: To obtain a high quality filtered water with a simple method by oxidizing metallic ions 1
dissolved in a raw water to solidify and deposit the metallic ions and then filtering the raw water with a
suction type hollow fiber membrane module to treat the large amount of water containing a relatively
large quantity of metallic ion

PURPOSE: To protect an air venting member from damage by forming a large number of recessed 1
and protruding parts to the inner surface of the passage formed by forming the air venting member
into a bag shape using a hydrophobic porous shee

PURPOSE: To irradiate water to be treated efficiently with ultraviolet rays without using a window
membe

PURPOSE: To provide an ultraviolet ray irradiation device low in deterioration of the ultraviolet
strength irradiated to a matter to be treated and capable of exhibiting a treating function of UV
radiation over the entire range of a water to be treated circulating in a glass pip

PURPOSE: To easily produce purified water used for washing and drinking with a compact structure 1
in a spiral separation membrane module having a separation membrane wound on a water collecting
pipe and for performing membrane separation treatment by supply pressure of raw water by packing
the inside of the water collecting pipe with an adsorben
PURPOSE: To provide an immersion type membrane separation unit in which loading/unloading work 1
of a membrane is easily done inside and outside a vessel and further a washing tank is not separately
required when the membrane is washe

PURPOSE: To obtain a membrane with high heat and chemical resistant properties, and excellent in 1
characteristics such as low elution, hydrophilic and strength by using a crosslinked porous membrane
consisting of an aromatic polyether ketone with a specific crystallinity and a crosslinking degre

PURPOSE: To provide a sufficiently small-sized membrane separation device capable of efficiently 1

performing membrane washing by making ejected air contact with a membrane surface under uniform
dispersion, in a membrane separation device arranged with flat membrane elements so as to make
their membrane surfaces perpendicular in a liquid to be treated in a treating tank and provided with a
surrounding wall at the lower part of the membrane elements and air diffusion means in the
surrounding wal

PURPOSE: To easily eliminate a water channel in which water passes always through active carbons
to enhance water purifying efficiency in such a condition that water is allowed to flow and is purified by
pressing a granular activated carbon and enabling, the release from this pushing pressure and killing
bacteria proliferated on the activated carbon by irradiating the activated carbon in flying up state with
ultraviolet ray

PURPOSE: To provide an immersion type membrane cartridge capable of easily and uniformly 1
packing a washing chemical along a membrane surfac

PURPOSE: To provide a safe sterilization device high in efficiency and high in deodorizing property by 1
chlorine sterilization in an electrolyzer and by ozone or ultra violet sterilizer in a device for performing
purification, sterilization, heat insulation and circulation of bath water. CONSTITUTION: This device
consists of a water purifying filter 3, a heater 7, a circulation pump 4, an electrolytic sterilization device
12 sterilizing by generating chlorine, a salt addition part 21, and an adjusting valve 2 for controlling a
quantity of salt to be supplied from a salt addition part 21. A normal bath water purifying and
circulating path 31 and a sterilization flow path 30 for flowing water to the electrolytic sterilization
device are provided in a pipe line and a solenoid valve 10 is opened and closed, thereby electrolytic
sterilization is efficiently performed. Also, by providing a timer and a timepiece device, sterilization
hour or sterilization time can easily be set, and efficient sterilization can be performed concentratedly
at the hour of not taking bath, et

PURPOSE: To perform the liquid circulation within a tubular membrane in low pressure loss at low 1
flow velocity without using a circulating pump by fitting an inflow pipe and a discharge pipe to a
circulating tank and circulating a liquid between a membrane device and the circulating tan

PURPOSE: To prevent the contamination of a reverse-osmosis membrane with suspended matter in 1

the water treating device wherein plural reverse-osmosis membrane devices are connected so that
the concd. water of the preceding device is supplied to the succeeding device by decreasing the
suspended matter concn. in the water to be supplied to the succeeding devic
PURPOSE: To perform proper injection of a pH controller corresponding to the properties of raw water 1
and to suppress the precipitation of a soluble substance on the membrane surface of a reverse
osmosis membrane module by adjusting the pH of raw wate

PURPOSE: To supply clean city water at all times by installing a water tank and a sealed type filter in 1
the water tank, connecting the filter and the outside of the water tank by a water pipe and flowing raw
city water sent into the filter through the water pipe into the water tank as purified city water from the
filte

PURPOSE: To provide a ultraviolet radiation absorbance measuring method for a process and its
device by which ultraviolet radiation absorbance resulting from the absorption of an organic substance
can be measured precisely and continuously by conducting simple pretreatment or adding other
measuring instrument even if dissolved ozone exists in ozone treatment wate

PURPOSE: To carry out the water purification of high degree by removing solid matters in raw water 1
by means of a precision filtration film(MF film) or an ultrafiltration film(UF film) on the first stage,
adding an adsorbent to treated water, adsorbing a substance of soluble properties, and then
separating the adsorbent by means of an MF film or a UF film on the second stag

PURPOSE: To supply safe and tasty water by setting a backflow pump, a hypochlorite elution tank, a 1
reaction pipe, a prefilter tank, an adsorption tank, a mineral elution tank and a microfilter tank from the
upstream side successively in the above order between a raw water tank inlet and a purified water
outle

PURPOSE: To efficiently remove oxygen dissolved in treated water or the gases adversely affecting 1
the quality of a product and to reduce the production cost and running cos

PURPOSE: To make clogging less apt to generate by lowering the arranging density of hollow yarn 1
membranes in a filter part while putting the advantage by the high density arrangement of hollow yarn
membranes to practical us

N/A 1
N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately detect the clogging degree of a membrane by calculating 1

an amt. of transmitted water in terms of reference differential pressure and reference temp. from the
amt. of transmitted water detected by a transmitted water amt. detection mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a disinfected byproduct in transmitted water and conc. water, 1
in a process supplying water to be treated to which chlorine dioxide is added as a sterilizing agent to a
reverse osmosis membrane module to separate the same into transmitted water and conc. water, by
adding a reducing agent to transmitted water and/or conc. wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively remove chlorine, dissolving ionic toxic substance, etc., by 1
providing the first water purifying tank in which a mixture of a cation exchange resin and an active
carbon is used as a filter medium and the second water purifying tank in which a hollow fiber
membrane is used as a filter medium, in a water purifier in which the active carbon, the cation
exchange resin and the hollow fiber membrance are used as the filter mediu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mineral water producing apparatus by which water 1

temperature adjustment can be carried out easily and carbon dioxide gas to be supplied to drinking
water can be utilized effectivel
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a composite reverse osmotic membrane excellent in the 1
desalting of an inorganic salt in a low concentration region, the elimination of a cationic organic
material and having high water permeability by treating the surface of a polyamide based skin layer
with a quaternary ammonium salt or coating the surface of a polyamide based skin layer with a cross-
linked layer of an organic polymer having positive chargeable group by forming a polyethylene imine
crosslinked fil

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide such a filter cartridge for drink water that both of the initial and 1
running costs are low so that people living in underdeveloped countries or remote area can buy the
cartridge, and that even a raw water containing bacteria can be changed into a safe drink wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a module for a water purifying device which removes nitric 1
acid-based nitrogen, bacteria and the like from water such as well water to change the water into a
safe and tasty drink water and can be used as a household water purifying device, by successively
depositing an anion exchange resin, active carbon and a hollow fiber membrane to constitute a filter
par

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the cleaning effect of a membrane, simplify the work for 1
cleaning and shorten the time of suspension for the membrane separation during the cleanin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the decomposition of a separating membrane during the 1

discontinuation of the operation of a machine and not to lower the membrane performance at the time
of restarting the operation by containing a HINOKI (Japanese cypress) family plant extraction
component in filter treatment water when the filter treatment water is passed through a separating
membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a light irradiation lamp easily separable from a reaction tank
and to easily replace the washing and sliding member on the surface of a proctive pipe by connecting
one end of the protective pipe of a light irradiation lamp to one end of a reaction tank and supporting
and fixing one of them while making the other one of them freely detachable and integrally providing
the protective pipe and the sliding member to make the light irradiation lamp easily separable from the
reaction tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immersion-type membrane separator with a cake on the 1

membrane surface efficiently removed. SOLUTION: Plural flat membranes 11 each formed by
covering the surface of a membrane support with a filter membrane are arranged at regular intervals
to constitute a flat-membrane module, and only the permeated liq. is sucked in from one or both ends
of the membrane. The module is dipped in a tank 10, and a diffuser pipe 15 is set below the flat
membrane in this immersion-type membrane separator. A spongy or brushy scraper 12 moved
vertically along with the water level between the membranes 11 in the tank or by a float with water
introduced or discharged into or from it is provided in parallel and in contact with the membrane 1
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to easily convert polluted water to portable water by 1
successively housing fixed filters, active carbon and replacement filters selected by the degree of
pollution of the water into a freely portable container, putting the water to be treated into the container
from its upper opening and filtering the water by gravity downflow, thereby clarifying the water.
SOLUTION: The fixed filter 3, the active carbon 2 and the fixed filter 1 are housed, successively from
lower positions, into the freely portable container and the plural replacement filters 4 to be selected by
the degree of pollution of the water are disposed in the upper part of the fixed filter 1. An upper cap 5
is fitted to the upper part of the container so as to cover the upper aperture of the container. At the
time of use, the upper cap 5 is removed and the water to be treated is ladled by using the upper cap 5
as a cup and is put into the container. The water to be treated is then filtered and clarified at the time
of passing the respective filters 4, 1, 3 and the active carbon 2 by gravity downflow. The cleaned water
formed in such a manner is taken out in the cup by removing the plug of a water delivery port 6 and is
used for drinkin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove soluble manganese without requiring the installation of a 1

separate equipment when removing soluble manganese in water to be treated by membrane
separation, by injecting a chlorine agent into water to be treated before removing the soluble
manganese by a membrane separator to which manganese oxide is stuck on the raw water sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply living water by a compact device until the insufficient situation 1
of living water at a time of an earthquake disaster or water shortage is restored by connecting a water
purifier to one cock of a movable unit to set a drinking water supply port and setting the other cock
thereof to the supply port of living water other than drinking water. SOLUTION: The water filtered by a
hollow fiber membrane filter 3 is supplied to the ultraviolet reaction tank 4 disposed on the
downstream side of the filter 3 and the org. matter contained in water is oxidized, decomposed or
sterilized by the action of ultraviolet rays emitted from an ultraviolet lamp and the action of chlorine
injected from chlorine adding device 2. The treated water issued from the ultraviolet reaction tank 4 is
passed through branched pipings and cocks 10 are attached to the respective terminals of the
pipings. The water purifier 6 is connected to one cock to be set to a drinking water supply port 11 and
the other cock is set to the supply port 12 of living water other than drinking water to be utilized as a
living water outflow port. This apparatus can be transported by a vehicle or mounted on the vehicle
because of a compact structure and water of good quality can be obtained by simple operatio

N/A

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an apparatus for purifying bathtub water constituted so as to

extend the life of an ultraviolet lamp without lowering steriliziing effec

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily peel and remove a cake layer adhered to the surface of a 1
membrane by air cleaning by strong aeration etc., in an immersion type membrane separator for
solid-liquid separation of a flock generated by the addition of a coagulant into liquid to be treate
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain stable high treating efficiency by arranging a contaminated
water mixing tank provided with a pH adjusting device and a hydrogen peroxide injecting device in a
front stage and arranging an ultraviolet reaction vessel for decomposing the mixed solution in a rear
stage in a device for treating a contaminated water by oxidation-decomposing with hydrogen peroxide
and ultraviolet irradiatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight and small-sized simple filter apparatus easily 1
kept and carried and simple to use by providing a bag-shaped filter membrane member positioned so
as to perfectly traverse a fluid passage inside a plastic bag like body having a raw soln. supply port
and a filtrate outflow port provided to the upper and lower end parts thereo

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To horizontally arrange a membrane separator simply and stabl 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively treat org. matter without requiring large energy by setting
the ultraviolet irradiation treatment condition to org. matter-containing water on the basis of the
change in the conductivity of treated water caused by an ionic intermediate product formed from org.
matter by the irradiation with ultraviolet ray

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a treating tank compact and a rising stream of the tank flowing 1
inside being in contact with a membrane of a membrane module not effected by viscosity of raw
water, and to obtain specific membrane filtering efficiency even through the viscosity of the raw water
is varie

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove manganese simultaneously with the separation removal of 1

sold component in raw water only by adding a simple equipment to a membrane separation devic

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the iron component from being bonded to or grown to the end 1
part of a module main body by revolving a granular flowing material in a module cap by the fluid
flowing into the cap to bring the same into contact with the end surface module main body.
SOLUTION: When raw water flows in hollow gas separation membrane 1 from a fluid inflow port 6
through a module cap 5, the granular moving materials 8 housed in the space part 10 formed
between the module cap 5 and module main body 4 are revolved in a suspend state by the inflow raw
water. Even on the outflow side of treated water, when treated water flows out to the outside of a gas
separation module through a fluid outflow port 7, the granular moving materials 8 are revolved in a
suspended state by treated water. By the revolution of the granular moving materials 8 in a
suspended state, the granular movable materials come into contact with the end part of the module
main body 4. Therefore, the adhesion of an iron component to the end surface of the module main
body 4 is prevented and the iron component already bonded to the end surface of the module main
body 4 is remove
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce arrangement density of a large number of hollow yarn 1
membranes by half without reducing the number of used hollow yarn membrane

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a deterioration of a function such as removing performance of 1

the second step reverse osmotic membrane device, consequently to remarkably shorten the time
required until the value of specific resistance of a treated water reaches a desired one and to
accelerate a starting up of the device in a water treating device with a two step reverse osmotic
membrane, used for a production, etc., of a pure water used by various kinds of manufacturers such
as semiconductor industr

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To treat stably for a long period of time by adding a reducing substance
and carry out the microbe reaction in a process of emitting UV rays to gas containing an organic
chlorine compound, absorbing gas into water and then carrying out the microbe reaction in the wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a porous membrane having a function to selectively capture 1

trace metal ions simultaneously with filtration in particular in the stage of refining a positive type resist
treating soln. of semiconductor wafer and wafer washing liqui

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dipping type membrane separator in which the flow velocity 1
of a water upflow is increased even by a small quantity of air and the surface of a membrane is
effectively washe

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the concentration rate while suppressing precipitation of 1

scales by passing seawater through a nano filter membrane (NF membrane) to remove sulfate ion
and then passing the filtered water through a reverse osmosis membrane to remove salt

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize an anaerobic state while aeration strength required for 1
membrane surface washing is secured, by providing a circulation means for feeding waste gas to a
diffusing means in circulation, and performing membrane-separation for water to be treated under
such an anaerobic state that the gas for washing a membrane surface, containing the waste gas, is
ejected from the diffusing mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure the amount of TOC(total organic carbon) of water and other
liquid having relatively high conductivity by an ultraviolet oxidation/ conductivity-change monitor
method accurately and quickl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hollow fiber membrane module at a low cost without the 1
necessity to install and remove a fixture by forming a highly sealable hollow fiber membrane knitted
sheet using a hollow molding die for forming a projecting part closely in contact with the end face of a
supporting frame with a slit for inserting a hollow fiber knittin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the pore clogging of a permeating membrane by treating the 1
water to be treated in a vessel in which a manganese oxide-containing solid matter is stirred,
thereafter filtering the wate

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately detect the breakage of a protective pipe to prevent the
happening of an accident, in a purifying apparatus purifying hot water of a bathtub, by providing the
protective pipe housing an UV lamp sterilizing bath water so as to cut off the same from bath water
and detecting moisture produced by the breakage of the protective pipe to detect the breakage of the
protective pip

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a high water recovery percentage at a low treatment cost while 1
the deterioration in membrane performance due to scale being prevente

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain cooling water having low electric conductivity, by mixing 1
condensed water of a burnt exhaust gas, wherein a dissoived carbon dioxide gas is removed, and of
an exhaust gas, and blow down water to remove iron oxide and a trace io

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable washing treatment of a separation membrane with high 1

washing efficiency by passing air from the secondary side of a membrane module to the primary side
to perform washing treatment of the membrane module in the case of performing filtration by the
membrane module by utilizing suction pressure through suction of the secondary sid

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the generation of a harmful substance while enhancing

waterproofness and to absorb the vibration of a jacket and an ultraviolet lamp and to effectively clean
the outer surface of the jacket in an ultraviolet water treatment apparatu

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve electric power efficiency by adjusting pH of raw water at 4-7
and then irradiating it with ultraviolet rays in the presence of ozon
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize a filter apparatus of a clarification apparatus for drinking 1
water which cleans raw water stored in a fire fighting water tank, a pool, etc., so as to utilize it as a
drinking water when a disaster occur

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the increase in amount of waste from a hollow fiber 1
membrane filter and also prevent the clogging of a membrane by precoating a hollow fiber membrane
filter surface with iron oxide or iron hydroxide before the start of operation and not precoating after
backwash during the normal operatio

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To purify water so as to be safe to human bodies without deteriorating a

water tank and the like by generating metallic ions in water by a metallic ion generating means and
sterilizing by an ultraviolet sterilization mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To remove a fine org. matter such as musty order substance and a 1
harmful substance such as heavy metal ion and to obtain a safe and delicious water by packing
divinylbenzene based polymer particles at either one of a housing part of a hollow fiber membrane or
its down stream part in a filter module having a hollow fiber membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultrapure water producing device capable of removing 1

boron, which is regarded as the cause of a trouble problem recently, while making good use of the
specific characteristic of a non-regeneration type ultrapure water producing device free from problem
about the waste water treatment or the like and having excellent property in environmental protectio

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1
N/A 1

N/A 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a prefilter of a pressure variation absorbing function device 1

advantageous to the application to the prefilted device for a small-scale seawater desalting plan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide kitchen equipment which is capable of contributing to the 1

improvement in the hygienic degree and performance of cooking businesses and allows the rational
installation of a reverse osmosis membrane water purifying device which cannot heretofore be
introduced into the majority of kitchens for their narrowness although the advantageousness in
cooking is sufficiently know

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce fresh water with a small amt. of power and to miniaturize a 1
fresh water producer at the time of supplying high-pressure raw water to a purifying member to purify
the water by increasing the pressure of the raw water with a booste

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil polluted water purifying method employing a 1

menabrane filtering method hard to generate the fouling of a membrane by oil and suppressed in the
lowering of flux based on foulin

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a separation capability by a pervaporation method, and 1

further, stabilize the capability by catalytically treating a pervaporation membrane consisting of a
composite film obtained by contact-treating a polymer base film with a hydrophilic polymer compound
with water of a water mixture at specific temperature
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain effective purifying effect in a device for irradiating light
containing ultraviolet rays to purify water to be treated by packing photocatalysts which the surfaces of
base materials are covered with titanium dioxide to form in a tube formed of a material that transmits
light containing ultraviolet rays and also installing a filter on the discharge port side of the tub

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device through membrane filtration in which 1
filtration of high recovery rate (high concentration rate) is possible while preventing minute colloid
from being deposited on the membrane fac

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyacrylonitrile-based filter membrane in which heat 1

resistance is extremely excellent and to provide a method for producing the filter membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to obtain a high raw water recovering ratio in a device using a 1
reverse osmosis membran

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize active carbon to improve water treatment efficiency 1
by active carbon when combining active carbon treatment by granular active carbon and powdery
active carbon and membrane filter treatment to remove soluble materials and suspended matter in
raw water. SOLUTION: Solid matter of prescribed size or more contained in raw water 1 is removed
by a pretreatment filter device 2, and granular active carbon or powdery active carbon is injected into
the treated water. The active carbon and suspended matter are filtered out by a membrane module 7
to obtain filtrate, and also the suspended matter and the active carbon stuck on the membrane
surface of the membrane module 7 are removed by physical washing water and are filtered out by a
waste water treatment filter device 10 to return the active carbon which has been blocked by the
waste water filter to a raw water tank 5 and recirculate it. In such a membrane filtration method, active
carbon is effectively utilize

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure a stable operation over a long period of time by minimizing the 1
deterioration of a flow velocity and the increase of a differential pressure and reduce the frequency of
cleaning/replacing a membrane module, when treating an untreated water of the same flow ratio
through plural membrane separator
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent transmitted flux from lowering with the elapse of time and 1
becoming unstable by providing an oxidizing agent tank, a membrane separator using a hollow yarn
membrane module receiving the supply of raw water subjected to oxidation treatment and separating
and removing a turbidity component present in raw water and a filtrate tank storing the filtrate of the
membrane separato

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water purifier having a nonwoven fabric having heavy metal 1
removing function and porous hollow yarn membranes incorporated therei

N/A 1

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily provide a tasteful water completely safe as a drinking water 1
practically regardless of the water source. SOLUTION: In this potable purified drinking water
producing device provided with a pretreating device (3) and a main water purifying device (1), a
vessel for housing the device is an aluminum trunk type vessel (2), a pump with other power source
(4) fixed to the long side wall of the vessel is installed and a detachable coupler type suction hose (6),
with which a coupler main body connected to a water pouring port of the pretreating device is fixed to
the upper side of the short side wall of the vessel, is installed. The suction hose has a coarse waste
removing filter (8) and a floating ball (7) for preventing over floating or over sinking at the ti

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely prevent the oxidation deterioration of a reverse osmotic 1
membrane and to suppress the degradation of a desalting rati

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the method and device capable of producing a drinking water 1
while producing a salt containing mineral from the salt water, high in utilization of a salt water, low in
quantity of a discharged water, low in salt concn. in the discharged water and without the possibility of
phototoxicit

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the entire structure of the device and to facilitate the operation 1
by dipping a dead end filter-type microfilter or ultrafilter membrane element in a raw water tank and
communicating the filtrate outlet with the raw liq. supply port of a cross-flow reverse-osmosis
membrane modul

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively reduce boron dissolved in water in a desalination 1

equipment or a water purifying equipment by providing a means for removing \Age;2- valent cations in
a water to be treated, a means for controlling pH to a specific value and a reverse osmotic membrane
for removing boro

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain high quality purified water efficiently by installing an ultraviolet
sterilizer before or behind a means for injecting acid and a dispersant into raw water and treating
water discharged from the sterilizer in sequence by passing through a reverse osmosis film separator,
a film type degasifier, and a deionizing mean

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly operate a membrane filter even under negative pressure 1
and to apply optical suction pressure to the membrane filter by generating a differential pressure
across the membrane in the membrane filter through a vacuum can and a water separator and
adjusting the differential pressure across the membrane above and below the water surface in a
pressure adjusting tan

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To convert a hollow yarn membrane of mainly an olefin type polymer to 1
be hydrophilic easily and simply by carrying out hydrophilization by bringing the water permeative
filtration membrane made of a hydrophobic material of a porous organic type polymer into contact
with dry ozon

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To filter high temperature water efficiently, to prevent elution from a 1
hollow fiber membrane, and to obtain filtrate at a high flow rate by using porous hollow fiber
membranes of a mixture of polyarylsulfone and polyethersulfon
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To arrange immersion type membrane modules in a treatment tank so 1
that a circulating water flow in the tank and a space in the tank can be utilized efficientl

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save an installation space of the device and an operational cost and 1
to enhance operational efficiency by arranging a vortex flow filter at the entrance side of a high
pressure pump, and a disk filter at entrance side of the flow filter and pretreating seawater fed to the
high pressure pump with the disk filter and the vortex flow filte

[From equivalent US5714066] A water purifying system includes filters for purifying tap water, a 1
storage tank for storing the purified water, and a water discharge apparatus. The filters include a
membrane filter which produces purified water and waste water. The water discharge apparatus
includes a housing mounted on a sink, the bottom of the housing being open to accommodate a tap
water supply conduit, a purified water dispensing conduit from the storage tank, and a waste water
discharge conduit from the membrane filter. Mounted on the housing are first and second faucets
communicating, respectively, with the purified water conduit and the waste water conduit for
dispensing purified water and discharging waste water into the sink.

[From equivalent US5997743] A water treatment method using a hollow fiber membrane and an 1
apparatus therefor are provided, and particularly, a direct-suction filtration method is used to enhance
the water treatment efficiency, and the pollutants attached to the hollow fiber membrane are removed
by a direction-convertible stirrer placed in the water tank containing the hollow fiber membrane to
thereby extend the life of the membrane.

N/A 1

[From equivalent US5819784] A water purifier includes a housing containing hot and cold water 1
storage tanks. Hot and cold water spigots are connected to the hot and cold water tanks, respectively,
for dispensing hot and cold water. A water retainer tray is disposed beneath the spigots to collect
water dripped during dispensing. A residual water discharge pipe discharges the water from the
retainer tray. A stored water discharge pipe is connected to the water tanks to enable all water therein
to be purged when it is time to clean the tanks. A valve mechanism joins the residual water discharge
pipe and the stored water discharge pipe to a common discharge pipe. The valve mechanism is
operable such that when the stored water discharge pipe is open to the common discharge pipe, the
residual water discharge pipe is closed, to prevent water from backing up to the retainer while the hot
and cold water tanks are being drained.

[From equivalent US5824215] A water purifier includes a support body having a wide bottom portion 1
for supporting the purifier, and a vertical wall panel having front and rear sides. Filter members for
purifying water are mounted on the body at the front side thereof, and a pump, circuit board, electric
transformer, and fluid control valves are mounted on the body at the rear side thereof to balance the
weight of the purifier.

N/A

N/A 1
[From equivalent US5851388] A water purifier includes a water storage tank and a plurality of filters 1
which purify water delivered to the storage tank. A water sterilizer is provided for inhibiting the growth
of bacteria in the purified water. The sterilizer comprises a cartridge in which an antibiotic substance,
such as an iodine resin, is disposed. The sterilizer can be disposed within a filter, such as a final one
of the filters, or it can be disposed in a water conduit of the filtering system.

A dyeable polyamide fiber is prepd. by adding 0.01-3.0 wt.% diamino alcohol of formula, H2N-(CH2)n-
NH-R-OH (where n-1-10, R= alkylene of less than C5), w.r.t. produced polyamide during the
polymerization; and spinning and stretching the obtd polyamide as a chip. Pref. the diamino alcohol
cpd. is 2-(2-amino ethyl amino) ethanol or 2-(2-amino ethyl amino) isopropanol. The obtd. poly amide
has good UV- durability, anti-pollution properties to absorption of Fe in water- treatment, washing-
durability and frictiondurabili

An appts. for purifying a tap water, by slow filtering the tap water from the lower part of the filter tank to 1
the upper part, comprises a water tank in the upside of the water tank, an inflow and water level
indicating pipe on the upside of the inflow pipe arrangement, a counter washing valve at the bottom of
the inflow pipe arrangement, and a water service main. The water service main is connected to a
water tank overflowing pipe, a water conveyance overflow connecting pipe and a counter washing
condui

N/A

The cartridge is made by mixing the activated carbon fiber, which is made from polyacrylonitrile, 1
viscose or pitch and whose pore size is 10-20 angstroms, with the hollow fiber membrane in a way
that the rate of the activated carbon fiber per the hollow fiber membrane be 30-50 %. The mixture
is filled to form a cartridge, and fixed in an inner space defined by the cylindrical case, having a
inlet of the feeding water and a outlet of the discharging water, and the head, having a outlet of the
filtered water. Using the cartridge, a part of residual chlorides, odor-causing substances and
organic substances are primarily adsorbed and filtered by the carbon fiber, while unfiltered
substances and bacteria are removed completely by the membran

N/A 1

a pre-processing filter filled with filtering sands for removing a large-sized particles such as the iron
rust within the water supplied through a water feeding valve; an active carbon absorbing filter filled
with active carbons for absorbing various components emitting smell in the water, organic material
and detergents; a reverse-osmotic pressure membrain filter in which hollow filaments for removing
minute particles; a water pressing pump for pressing the water purified through the reverse-osmotic
pressure membrain filter; a total dissolved solid sensor attached to the water drainage pipe of the
reverse-osmotic pressure membrain filter; a mineral solving filter; a flow switch for draining the
drinking water by turning on/off by a drain cock; and a ultraviolet ray sterilizing tub for sterilizing the
drinking wate

The reverse osmotic pressure water purifying system for the reuse of a concentrated water comprises
a pretreating filter (2) for the removal of a rust and suspension in the piped water, an active carbon
adsorption filter (4) for the adsorption removal of an organic material, a phenol and a detergent in the
water, a reverse osmotic membrane filter (5) for the removal of a noxious heavy metal, an inorganic
ion and a harmful bacterium, a pressurized pump (6), a purified water-storing tank (7), a post-treating
filter (8), a sterilization portion (9) having a ultraviolet lamp, a concentrated water-storing tank (15), a
water quality sensor (18) for the detection of the concentrated water quality, a concentrated water
drain valve (14), and a piped and a concentrated water feeding valve (12,13

The clarifier comprises a filtration tank(1), zeolite tanks(2, 3) to absorb heavy metal or ammonia, an 1
active carbon tank(5) to absorb organic substances and an ultra-violet sterilizer(7). City water is flown
into the filtration tank(1), and filtrated by polypropylene filter. Heavy metals, ammonia and radioactive
elements such as Cs are absorbed in the zeolite tanks(2, 3) in order. Organic substances, phenol and
anion surfactant are absorbed in the active carbon tank(5). the obtained water is sterilized by the
ultra-violet sterilizer or ozonator(7) to give the clarified wate
A filtrating layer is comprised of a structure, in which an upper layer part occupies 20-30 % of total 1
thickness of the filtrating layer within a range of effective diameters from 1.4-2mm , the upper layer
part being formed with a natural zeolite layer whose homogeneous coefficient is 2.0, and the rest of it
being formed with a sand layer. Upon water from water supplying source being passed through the
natural zeolite layer, on the surface of which a micro organic film is formed, odor material and heavy
metal is removed effectively with the help of the zeolite filter laye

PURPOSE: A water tank is provided to reserve the sterilized clean water filtered by a filter and an
ultraviolet sterilization and not to freeze the reserved water in winter. CONSTITUTION: A water tank
comprises: a bulkhead(11) installed inside of the water tank to divide the tank a raw water part(13)
and a water supply part(14); a raw water pipe(18) and a drainpipe(19) installed on the raw water part;
a water supply pipe(20) and a drainpipe(19) on the water supply part; and a filter(12) installed on the
bulkhead to flow the water filled in the raw water part into the water supply part via the filte

PURPOSE: A process is provided to give a rapid reaction and high treatment efficiency by pretreating
and irradiating ultraviolet to a Fenton oxidation process. CONSTITUTION: The process comprises an
adjusting process for adjusting pH of biological treatment water to an adequate pH for the Fenton
oxidation process to lower ionic concentration of bicarbonate as a scavenging substance of hydroxide
radical, an aeration process for lowering ionic concentration of bicarbonate by reducing alkalinity as a
pretreatment process of ultraviolet irradiation, the Fenton oxidation process for accelerating the
formation speed of hydroxide radical through the activation of circulation of iron catalyst by irradiating
ultraviolet in which the input amount and ratio of ferrous sulfate to hydrogen peroxide as a Penton
reagent are 1,000mg/L:2,000mg/L and 1:2 respectively. The apparatus comprises a pH adjusting
tank(3), an aeration tank(8), a Fenton oxidation tank(9), a pH adjusting and slow agitating tank(5), and
a settling tank(6

PURPOSE: A device for treating the purified water is provided to separate a contaminant stuck to a 1
hollow fiber membrane and to minimize the liquidity of the separated contaminant for easily
eliminating the separated contaminant. CONSTITUTION: A device for treating a purified water
includes: a hollow fiber precision filtrating film(10) soaked in a raw water for driven as an inhaling
typed pre-filtrating process and filtrating a contaminant included in the raw water; an air distributor(20)
forming a bubble and separating the contaminant adhered on the surface of the hollow fiber precision
filtrating film by the dynamic energy of the bubble; and an inclined sedimentation basin(30) located in
the lower end of the hollow fiber precision filtrating film and the air distributor and including plural
inclined membrane

PURPOSE: A treatment method of a harmful organic material such as phenol, amine and aldehyde
contained in water by decomposing is provided which can treat the organic material easily without
heating and radiating ultraviolet rays. CONSTITUTION: Raw water containing an electrolyte consisted
of chloride is poured in a first electrolyzer(3) constructed a positive plate(6) and a negative plate(5)
inserted an ion permeable diaphragm(1) between them and electrolyzed. Only electrolyte water
obtained from a negative side of the first electrolyzer is poured in a second electrolyzer constructed
the positive plate and the negative plate inserted the ion permeable diaphragm between them and
electrolyzed at the positive side of the second electrolyzer to give a hydroxyl radical. Organic material
containing water is treated with electrolyte water contained the hydroxyl radica

PURPOSE: An alkaline purified water containing much minerals and its preparation provided which
does not contain metal and bacteria contamination and contains much minerals with alkalinity, above
pH 8.0 at 20°C. CONSTITUTION: An alkaline purified water containing much minerals is prepared by
mixing water and 1-50 wt.% of loess in a rotary agitator under stirring at 50 to 150 rpm, precipitating
the mixture for 30-60 minutes, compulsorily transporting the supernatant liquid to a two-step filtration
system, and sterilizing the mixture through an ultraviolet sterilize

PURPOSE: A pollutant-free alkaline detergent is contaminated with neither heavy metal nor bacteria
and contains much minerals with above pH 8.5 alkalinity at 20°C. CONSTITUTION: A pollutant-free
alkaline detergent is prepared by mixing water and 1-50 wt.% of loess in a rotary agitator under
stirring at 50-150 rpm, precipitating the mixture for 30-60 minutes, compulsorily transporting the
supernatant liquid to a two-step filtration system using a motor pump, and sterilizing the mixture
through an ultraviolet sterilizer, the alkaline purified water containing much minerals with above pH 8.5
of alkalinity at 20°
PURPOSE: A loess panel uses a loess residue obtained as a byproduct in the process of preparing
an alkaline purified water containing much minerals by adding loess to water, stirring the mixture,
passing the supernatant to a two-step filtration system with a motor pump and purifying and sterilizing
the supernatant. CONSTITUTION: An environment favorable loess panel comprises:60 wt.% of a
loess residue obtained as a byproduct in the process of preparing alkaline purified water involving
stirring a mixture of loess and water, filtering the supernatant with a two-step filtration system, and UV
sterilizing the supernatant, the loess residue being sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes; 30 wt.% of lime
powder; 0.5-20 wt.% of linen weave; and 0.5-20 wt.% of coal powde

PURPOSE: A water purifier having power saving function is provided to reduce the power 1
consumption by making an indication lamp for indicating the purifying state of the purified water to be
operated only when the purified water is discharged outward. CONSTITUTION: The water purifier
comprises: an elastic member(171) having a switching device fixed on the extended position formed
right downward from a hose; a knob(72) installed in a stated of being contacted to the lower face of
the elastic member; a spring(73) inserted to lower side to return the knob; and a micro switch(74)
operated by being connected to the knob.; Herein, the water purifier includes a first, a second and a
third water purifying filters installed in a purifier body and connected by many hoses; a switching
device installed on the hose connected to the third water purifying filter and operated by the purified
water discharged to a discharging part; and a circuit operated by the switching devic

PURPOSE: A process for producing loess mortar is provided which uses loess residue produced by
production process of alkaline purified water containing minerals. CONSTITUTION: A process for
producing loess mortar comprises the following steps of: adding loess to water; eluting minerals by
stirring the material containing loess in stirrer; precipitating for 30-60 minutes; filtering supernatant
eluted minerals by motor pump with Ultra-filtration system; sterilizing the filtered solution by passing
the UV sterilizer, and heating by steam loess residue produced by production process of purified
water; after filtering, mixing the filtered solution of 0.1mm or less with hard charcoal powder, and dryi

PURPOSE: A central water purification system is provided, which is characterized in that the system is 1
able to purify perfectly, so treated water can be taken drinking water. And the central system reduces
costs of construction and maintenance as compared with each installation. CONSTITUTION: A central
water purification system is characterized by comprising the following parts: a micro filtering
facility(54) installed to filter impurities, a softening facility(56) for hard water, an activated carbon
filtering facility(72) installed to adsorb organic matter, an ozone generator(78), ceramic facilities for
generating infrared rays(74,76) installed to convert from treated water to activated water, a salt
tank(60), an air compressor(64), a pretreatment facility, a control unit(96) installed to remote control, a
treated tank(84) installed to store treated water, a supply pump(70) for drinking water, and a
circulation pump(80) used as the supply pump(70) is not operated because of a full treated tank(84).
The circulation of treated water by a circulation pump(80) is able to refrain from a stagnant
phenomenon and supply with activated water continuousl

PURPOSE: A device equipped with a square pyramid structure radiating an infrared ray and sand, 1
activated carbon and ultraviolet radiating room is provided, which is characterized in that hexagonal
water is produced as heavy metals and bacteria are removed. CONSTITUTION: The device comprise
as follows parts: a storage tank(10) equipped with air holes(13) and a square pyramid structure(P)
installed a cover(12) formed ventilating holes(14) and inside a square pyramid structure(P) and a
hexagon structure(H) formed a silver, nephrite, and crystal which radiate infrared ray for changing
water to hexagonal water; a sand tank(20) equipped with a square pyramid structure(P) for removing
suspended materials; an activated carbon tank(30) for adsorbing bacteria; a purification tank(40)
equipped with a purification filter(41) for removing micro pollutant; a sterilizing tank(50) equipped with
an ultraviolet lamp(51) for removing remaining bacteri
PURPOSE: Provided is a crossflow type variable pore micro filter (VPMF) by which parts of raw water 1
passed through by-pass passage between inner/outer pressure vessel is filtered and the rest raw
water is recycled to extend reverse clean cycle. CONSTITUTION: The VPMF comprises the inner
pressure vessel(25) located in the outer pressure vessel(26) and having a penetrating hole, the upper
plate flange(27) connected with a raw water injecting tube and combined at the upper part of the
inner/outer pressure vessel, the lower plate flange(28) connected with a treated water exhaust
pipe(30) and combined at the lower part of the inner/outer pressure vessel, a plurality of flexible weft
filters(21a,21b,21c) whose upper parts are fixed on the available upper holder(22) and lower parts are
fixed on the lower holder(23), raw water condensing means to recycle raw water which is not filtered,
pressure air injecting means to reverse-clean the contaminated flexible weft filter. The filter layer is
formed by pressing the upper holder and the weft filter against the lower flange, through which the
parts of raw water is filtered and then exhausted through the exhaust pipe(30

PURPOSE: Provided is a water treatment equipment using not vertical sand filtration bed and chlorine
disinfection but horizontal sand filtration bed and photocatalytic reaction in order to take maintenance
easy and not to produce by-product by chlorine disinfection-THMs. The equipment is characterized in
that coarse/fine gravel, and sand, which are coated with titanium dioxide are used to induce
photocatalytic reaction. CONSTITUTION: The equipment is comprising the following devices: a raw
water storage tank (50) for removal of contaminants having larger specific gravity than water; a big
gravel layer (10, 11), a small gravel layer (20, 21), and a sand layer (30, 31) for removal of big, small,
and minute suspended solids respectively; a big gravel layer (11), a small gravel layer (21), and a
sand layer (31) which are coated with titanium dioxide for induction of photocatalytic reaction; an
ultraviolet lamp (40) for irradiation of ultraviolet to the photocatalytic laye

PURPOSE: A portable water purifying apparatus is provided to rapidly purify water using a filter, and
to reduce the environmental contamination by reusing a filtering film of the filter after purifying the
water. CONSTITUTION: A portable water purifying apparatus comprises the following: a main body(1);
a filter module(10) laminated with plural filters(15,17), and located inside the main body; a drinking
water flow path(4) connecting the filter module to a drinking water outlet(2) formed on the main body;
a sound pressure producing unit(26) connected to the drinking water flow path; a sound pressure
producer(20) with male screw threads to move upward and downward on the sound pressure
producing unit; and an ultraviolet ray sterilization body(30

PURPOSE: A filtering net unit for the water treatment is provided to secure the excellent floating 1
substance removal efficiency by using a filtering net with the high density. CONSTITUTION: A filtering
net unit for the water treatment includes a filtering net frame(110), a filtering net(120), and a water
milling(130). The filtering net frame includes a hollow hole. The filtering net includes a high density
film with 10~20 micro meters of pores. The water milling is insert-combined with the edge of the
filtering net frame. The filtering net is attached with more than one cotton flannel films with protruded
fiber

PURPOSE: A water purifier apparatus and method of controlling its operation is provided to allow the 1
purifier to be replaced at the optimum time. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus comprises a micro
computer(24) installed at an upper portion of a refrigerator and which controls an overall operation of
the refrigerator. The micro computer perceives, through an initialization button input unit(26), the
operation of an initialization button(60) arranged at a dispenser panel unit of the refrigerator. The
micro computer has a counter(28) for monitoring the operation of a dispenser/ice maker switch(14)
and counting the accumulated usage time of a second valve from the operation of the dispenser/ice
maker switch. The counter then informs the micro computer when the usage time of the second valve
reaches the optimum level which is determined according to the replacement time of a filter. The
micro computer receives a signal indicative of the operation of the second valve from a sensing
unit(16). A method comprises the first step of counting the accumulated time taken for supplying the
water purified by a filter to each unit, the second step of comparing the counted accumulated time and
a preset filter replacement time, the third step of displaying filter replacement time when the
accumulated time reaches the preset time, and the fourth step of initializing the accumulated time
counted in the first step when the accumulated time reaches the filter replacement tim
PURPOSE: A toxic gas and complex bad smell purifying method using an underwater plasma
generating device is provided to minimize the power source cost by using low price commercial neon
transformer. CONSTITUTION: A toxic gas and complex bad smell purifying method using an
underwater plasma generating device comprises the following steps: generating a high-voltage
discharge underwater using the underwater plasma generating device to produce plasma processed
water(S100); spraying the plasma processed water to toxic gas and complex bad smell for
purifying(S200); reprocessing the toxic gas and the complex bad smell dissolved to the processed
water by composite advanced water treatment effect using streamer plasma energy, ultraviolet rays,
shock waves, H, O, OH, and H2O2(S300); contacting discharge ozone generated from the
underwater plasma with the toxic gas(S400); post-processing the gas with n activated charcoal hollow
tower(S500); and repetitively processing the toxic gas and the complex bad smell using the previous
steps(S600

PURPOSE: A water treatment system using solar, ultraviolet and photocatalyst is provided. According
to this method, the sun (80) is used as a light source of photocatalytic reaction when the intensity of
solar light is strong in the daytime, and an ultraviolet lamp (20) is used as the light source of
photocatalytic reaction when the intensity of solar energy is weak or at night, and an aluminum
reflecting plate (30) is installed under the ultraviolet lamp (20) to effectively use the light source.
Therefore, the energy is saved. Also, a media fixing module (11) is filled with a photocatalytic media
(10) coated with the titanium oxide. CONSTITUTION: The water treatment system comprise of a
media for fixing module (11) filled with the photocatalytic media (10) coated with the titanium oxide; an
automatic control device (50) operated by a light sensor (30) and which supply power into the
ultraviolet lamp (20) when the intensity of solar energy is weak; a slope controller (61) for effectively
collecting the solar energy as controlling the grade of the photocatalytic reaction devic

PURPOSE: A treatment system for ballast water having a back pressure forming part is provided to
efficiently maintain and to simply control. CONSTITUTION: A treatment system for ballast water
having a back pressure forming part comprises: a filtering unit(1) having a body with an inlet and
outlet, a filter for filtering the ballast water inlet flowed in through the inlet, and an automatic washing
portion for removing foreign materials attached on the filter; and a back pressure forming part(2) for
back washing by checking and forming back pressure inside the filtering unit. The automatic washing
portion has an inlet for inhaling the foreign materials and an outlet for discharging foreign material

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for sterilizing and purifying water in a water tank are provided
to uniformly first sterilize water by continuously mixing water circulated in a water tank with ozone, and
uniformly second sterilize the water by continuously irradiating ultraviolet rays on the first sterilized
water, thereby completely and effectively sterilizing the water in the water tank. CONSTITUTION: The
method comprises the processes of continuously and uniformly first sterilizing water by uniformly
mixing the ozone with the water flown in from the lower side of a water connecting space (6) formed at
the outer side of the air passage (3) as generating ozone by irradiating ultraviolet rays to the air
passing through an air passage (3) of the outer side of an upright ultraviolet ray lamp (2); and
discharging the sterilized water to the upper side of the water connecting space as continuously and
uniformly second sterilizing the first sterilized water which is transferred to the upper side of the water
connecting space (6) by the injection force of the ozone using ultraviolet rays of the ultraviolet ray
lamp (2

N/A 1
PURPOSE: Provided is a live fish aquarium including an ozone generator and an ozone dissolving
ultraviolet limp, which maintains water in the aquarium clean continuously, includes a proper amount
of ozone in the water and can be managed at reduced cost. CONSTITUTION: The aquarium
comprises a main body(10) composed of a water tank(11) at the top and an installation space(12), an
ozone water drop generator(20) set on each corner of the water tank, an ozone generator(21)
installed in the space of the body and connected through the each ozone drop generator, a rotation
guide material(23) being fixed at the each corner with covering the ozone drop generators and giving
rotation power to water in the water tank to one direction, a centrifugal machine(30) placed at the
central part of the installation space for separating various kinds of debris particles from water
discharged to the bottom of the water tank, at least one or more of filters(41) installed at an outlet port
side of the centrifugal machine for purifying the separated water, a water temperature adjusting
device(70) set in a fixed part of the installation space and connected to the ozone drop generators for
controlling temperature of the filtrated water, at least one or more of ozone dissolving ultraviolet limp
in the water tank for resolving ozone in the water, and a floating matter collecting device(80) fastened
to the inside wall of the water tan

PURPOSE: An insect-free and bacterial-free treatment method of sea water is provided, which can
restore the electrolyzed alkaline sea water to natural sea water of insect-free and bacterial-free which
can be used for a fishing ground and a fish farm without any bad influence. CONSTITUTION: The
method comprises as follows: (i) remove pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic insect at a
microorganism removal apparatus (3) by alkaline sea water of 0.1-0.5ppm converted at an electrolysis
apparatus (2) by electrolysis; and (ii) convert the alkaline sea water to nontoxic natural sea water by
irradiating ultraviolet ray of 40watt at an alkaline removal apparatus (4) in which ultraviolet lamps (5)
are vertically installed and sea water to be treated flows horizontally for maximizing the retention time
of sea wate

PURPOSE: A water treatment equipment using photocatalyst of air flotation type is provided, which
can extend contact chances of contaminants in water and photocatalyst and solve problems of
recovering powdered photocatalyst. And the system eliminates any need for additional facility.
CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) a water treatment equipment that has a
treating water inlet (80) at the side top, a treated water outlet (81) at the other side of the top, many
vertical quartz tubes hang at a top cover (15), a level gauge (70), an inclined photocatalyst guide plate
and an air chamber (42) at the bottom; (ii) many quartz tubes in which ultraviolet lamps are inserted
for irradiating ultraviolet ray to the circulating water to induce photocatalyst reaction; and (iii) an air
chamber (42) that is set beneath the inclined guide plate for feeding air to the treating water that is
circulating as a convection current together with photocatalyst carrier (30) coated with titanium dioxid

PURPOSE: An advanced oxidation treatment system using photocatalyst is provided, which can
minimize any damage and exfoliation of photocatalyst by putting the photocatalyst coated carrier
inside the case made of stainless screen and can increase efficiency of photocatalyst reaction by
feeding hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) a
reaction tank that has a water inlet at the side top, a treated water outlet (12) at the opposite side top
and two sediment drain valves (81,84) at the bottom where air is sparged; (ii) many quartz tubes (21)
in which ultraviolet lamps (20) are inserted for irradiating ultraviolet ray to the circulating water to
induce photocatalyst reaction; (iii) a photocatalyst case made of stainless screen, which are set
between quartz tubes, and in which photocatalyst coated carrier is filled; and (iv) a hydrogen peroxide
pump (40) for feeding hydrogen peroxide to the reaction tan

PURPOSE: An advanced oxidation process(AOP) chamber generating ultraviolet ray and ozone is
provided, which can use effectively not only ultraviolet ray but also ozone that is converted from
oxygen in air by ultraviolet ray, maximize the energy efficiency supplied into the chamber, sterilize
microorganism in water, purify and deodorize it. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the
followings: (i) an advanced oxidation process(AOP) chamber (10) that has a housing (11), two caps of
top and bottom and an air inlet (14) at the bottom and an air outlet (15) at the top; (ii) a vertical
housing (11) of cylinder type in which a quartz tube (12) having a water inlet at the bottom and a water
outlet at the top is vertically installed at the center part; (iii) a quartz tube (12) for passing water; and
(iv) two ultraviolet lamps (13) one of which is hang from top and another of which is projected from
botto

N/A 1
PURPOSE: A non-powered sea water desalination equipment is provided, which can conduct 1
desalination of sea water by a non-powered equipment and so can supply desalinated water to even
a remote island or hinterland that is far off land. This desalination equipment can be used as a
portable equipment that is moveable according to water quality and water depth and can be applied to
ship. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) a vertical cylindrical desalination
equipment (10) that is installed at the bottom of the sea and has a desalinated water storage tank
(150) at the center; (ii) a purification part (100) that has an outermost pre-filter (120) for primarily
filtering sea water, a raw water storage tank (130) for receiving the primarily filtered water, a reverse
osmosis filter (140) and the desalinated water storage tank (150) for purifying salt in sea water,
wherein all of those are covered by a case (110); (ii) an atmospheric pressure supplying pipe (300) for
supplying atmospheric pressure to the inside of the desalination equipment to ease the pumping of
desalinated water to outside; and (iii) a desalinated water recovery line (200) for discharging
desalinated wate

PURPOSE: A purifying method of cold and hot water with dissolved oxygen enhanced and equipment 1
thereof is provided, which can purify, magnetize and sterilize water, and the water is also classified
into cold, low temperature and hot water, all of them having the dissolved oxygen enhanced.
CONSTITUTION: The equipment comprises a filter ring tube(10), a guide pipe(20), a treated water
storage part(30), a control panel(40) and an oxygen supplying part(50). At the filter ring tube(10), a
sediment filter(11), a pre-carbon filter(12), a membrane(13), a post-carbon filter(14) and ultra ray
lamp(15) are serially set, the border being magnets(18). The water treated at the filter ring tube(10)
flow to treated water storing part(30) that is parted into cold water tank(31) having a refrigerator(60),
low temperature water tank(32) and hot water tank(33) having a heater(70) and discharged to user
through controller(40), each of the tank is controlled by water level and temperature, and oxygen is
fed from oxygen supplying part(50) to each tank to enhance dissolved oxygen in wate

PURPOSE: A household reverse osmosis water purifier is provided which enables a user to take safe 1
and clean water from the pollution by growing of general bacteria inside a storage tank of the reverse
osmosis water purifier generally used at home. CONSTITUTION: In a system structure of a reverse
osmosis water purifier comprising a sediment filter, an activated carbon filter, a reverse osmosis
membrane filter, an antibacterial activated carbon filter and a storage tank, the reverse osmosis water
purifier further comprises a small pump(6) which is connected to the storage tank(5) so as to secure a
flow rate of purified water; and an ultra filtration filter(7) which is installed at the back side of the small
pump(6) so that bacteria is removed from the water passing through the small pump(6

PURPOSE: A weak alkali water purifying system using multistage water purifying method containing 1
composite filter is provided, which conduct anti-bacterial effect and inhibit water quality changing
owing to far infra red radiated from composite ceramic filter made of elvan, zeolite and cericite, and
maximize pharmacological action, elution of alkali ion and production of essential micro mineral.
CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the following steps: (i) pass pre-treatment filter(11) to
remove large particles, iron dust and foreign material; (ii) pass pre-carbon filter(12) to adsorb organic
matter such as chlorine fed to sterilize and odor matter; (iii) pass ion exchange resin(13) to remove
inorganic matter and adjust hardness of raw water; (iv) pass silver coated activated carbon filter(14) to
sterilize and remove organic matter; (v) pass hollow thread membrane(15) of 0.01 mm to remove
various bacteria and impurities; (vi) pass TCR filter(17) to remove harmful color and improve water
taste; and (vii) pass composite ceramic filter(20) composed by 45-55 wt.% of elvan, 15-20 wt.% of
zeolite and 25-35 wt.% of cericite to convert raw water to weak alkal

PURPOSE: A purified water storage tank of water dispenser is provided, which can provide minerals 1
to the purified water by installing mineral generating filter at one end of the storage tank and prevent
any elution of harmful constituents such as environmental hormone and heavy metal by producing the
storage tank with ceramic or pottery, chinaware, glass and stainless materials. CONSTITUTION: The
tank(100) connected to tap water pipe comprises a storage chamber(150) and a pump(p). At the top
of the chamber(150), a primary filter(110) charged with activated carbon is connected to tap water
inlet to remove organic matter by adsorption and oxidation, and a germanium ceramic filter(130) is
connected to the primary filter(110). In the germanium ceramic filter(130), a mineral generating
filter(120) and an alkalite diskette(140) are fixed, the mineral generating filter being composed of
silver-activated carbon layer(121) to inhibit proliferation of bacteria, a somerite layer(123) to change
the water to weak alkali and release mineral by natural calcium ion and a medicine and acupuncture
power(125) to release mineral and micro-element
PURPOSE: A mixer and water-cleaning apparatus is provided to achieve three purpose. First, provide
a mixer that can dissolute the secondary liquid, gas or solid of grained state to the primary liquid.
Second, provide a water-cleaning apparatus, which can get excellent sterilization/ purification
efficiency with the mixer. At last, provide economic water-cleaning apparatus and mixer that can get
excellent dissolution/disposal efficiency even in case of using non-pressure reactor or low-electric
power pump. CONSTITUTION: The mixer and water-cleaning apparatus comprises: a pipe(10) for
providing primary liquid; an equipment(20) providing secondary material has a pipeline(22) going with
the pipe; primary mixing tank(30), which has many holes(33) of that's wall, is connected to the ending
part of the pipe and the equipment; secondary mixing tank(40), which has an outlet of the bottom,
encloses the primary mixing tank and larger than it; the pipeline is inserted in the pipe, which has an
injection hole(11) and covered up perfectly except the upper part to insert the equipment; the
equipment providing secondary material has a chamber(21) to prevent back flow; over two more
reactors, which have a passage to help water moving, need to dispose the provided compound
substance and the last reactor has a discharging pipe; an ultraviolet lamp(215) is installed in the
reacto

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of oxygen enriched water is provided to supply sanitary drinking 1
water to the public by purifying underground water. Water produced by the method has much
dissolved oxygen, so the water is helpful to human. CONSTITUTION: According to the method, the
method comprises the following parts: (a) settling solids of underground water; (b) filtering
underground water through sand filter; (c) filtering to remove heavy metal; (d) filtering thereof through
activated carbon filter; (e) controlling hardness of underground water; (f) disinfecting by ultra-violet
rays; (g) cooling at 2-5 deg.C; (h) supplying oxygen to 20-70 ppm; and (g) packagin

PURPOSE: A natural system for purifying water is provided, which is characterized in that plants are 1
cultivated to treat water spontaneously. Therefore water is purified naturally without by-product
harmful to ecosystem. The system is applicable to water purification discharged from a dam or a
reservoir. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the following parts: a filter(2), composed of
gravel(2a), activated carbon(2b), sandy soil(2c), and micro sand(2d), for filtering raw water discharged
from a dam or a reservoir; a primary pump(3) for transporting water of the lower part of the filter(2) to
a primary waterweed channel(4); the primary waterweed channel(4) for cultivating aquatic plants; a
reservoir(5), cultivated with aquatic plants, for storing water; a secondary pump(6) for transporting
water of the reservoir(5) to a secondary water weed channel(8); a water wheel(7) for supplying
oxygen to water discharged from the reservoir(5); the secondary water weed channel(8) for cultivating
aquatic plants; and a pavilion(9) for purifying water finally using aquatic plant

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for manufacturing activated water beneficial to human body which
changes physical properties of water by passing through a biofunctional derivatives, a ceramic metal,
a metallic oxide mineral and an ultraviolet sterilization system after electrolysis of tap water.
CONSTITUTION: The method for manufacturing activated water comprises the steps of the first
step(10) which purifies the pollutants in tap water by passing through many filters(12,14, 16, 18); the
second step(20) which electrolyzes the purified water by passing through a creation tool for beneficial
material(22); the third step(30) which changes physical properties of the purified water by passing
through a biofunctional derivatives(32); the fourth step(40) which transforms the purified water
molecules to colloid by passing through a ceramic metal(42) and a metallic oxide mineral(44); and the
fifth step(50) which sterilizes the purified water by passing through many ultraviolet sterilizers(52

PURPOSE: An alginate water purifier is provided to prevent acidification of purified water and to
supply calcium continuously to water by including the mixing gel of sterilized calcium hydroxide or
calcium oxide and alginate in the water purifier. CONSTITUTION: In the tank of the water purifier, the
mixing gel of sterilized calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide and alginate, together with an ultraviolet
sterilizer are installed in the water purifie
PURPOSE: A combination mechanism of water purifier is provided in which a sprayer for transforming
ozone into ozone bubbles and an ultraviolet lamp generating photooxidation action are
simultaneously installed in a filter composing the water purifier. CONSTITUTION: In a water purifier
equipped with a circular cylinder which is lifted by a connection means(1), and on the outer part of
which a filter(3) is covered so that ozone purifies water by discharging ozone supplied by an ozone
supply pipe(4) connected to an external ozone generator in the bubble state using a sprayer(5)
installed in the cylinder, the combination mechanism of water purifier employing ozone and ultraviolet
rays is characterized in that the cylinder is formed in the prefabricated structure that is divided into a
lower cylinder(21), an intermediate cylinder(22) and an upper cylinder(23), the ozone supply pipe(4) is
vertically installed on the outer side of the lower cylinder(21) so that the sprayer(5) is installed on the
bottom of the lower cylinder(21) by a grid-type connection pipe(41), the intermediate cylinder(22) is
connected to a female screw part(21a) of the upper part of the lower cylinder(21) by a water
connector(7), the upper cylinder(23) is coupled to a female screw part(22a) of the upper part of the
intermediate cylinder(22) by a water connector(7a) so that the sprayer(5) and an ultraviolet lamp(6)
are simultaneously formed, wherein the upper part of the upper cylinder(23) is opened, and the
ultraviolet lamp(6) is vertically hanging by the upper cylinder(23

PURPOSE: Provided is a composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane which exhibits excellent 1
desalination efficiency of seawater and high flux at low pressure. CONSTITUTION: The production
method of composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane includes the steps of coating a water
soluble solution comprising multifunctional amine, polar solvent or polar compound and salts
comprising strong acid and ternary amine on a porous carrier; applying an organic solution containing
reactive compounds selected from the group consisting of multifunctional acyl halide, multifunctional
sulfonyl halide and multifunctional isocyanate to the porous carrier coated with the water soluble
solution to conduct interfacial polymerization; and dry curin

PURPOSE: A rotational flat membrane separator which is capable of taking available membrane area 1
as large as possible while suppressing vibration of rotational flat membrane discs due to rotation of
the rotational flat membrane discs is provided. CONSTITUTION: In a rotational flat membrane
separator comprising a plural hollow rotation shafts(1) that are arranged in such a way that a plural
rotational flat membrane discs(2) are mounted on the hollow rotation shafts with the plural rotational
flat membrane discs being spaced apart from each other in an equal distance, and the plural
rotational flat membrane discs mounted on one hollow rotation shaft are engaged with a plural
rotational flat membrane discs mounted on an adjacent hollow rotation shaft with the flat membrane
discs of the shafts being spaced apart from each other in an equal distance, the rotational flat
membrane separator is characterized in that diameter of collars(3) that are mounted between each of
the rotational flat membrane discs(2) mounted on the same rotation shaft(1) is 0.18 to 0.34 of
diameter of the rotational flat membrane disc

PURPOSE: A water purifying method and system thereof is provided, which regenerate ultrafiltration 1
membrane completely by vibration and air pressure, so that the filtration efficiency is enhanced. In the
system, various automatic valves and pumps are connected to one power line thus saving operating
cost by one third compared to the conventional system. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the
steps of adsorptively removing organic matter or residual chlorine using activated carbon(120);
purifying water by primary filtration using micro filtration membrane(130); purify organic matter and
undissolved contaminants by secondary filtration using ultrafiltration membrane; removing foreign
matter of ultrafiltration membrane by vibration and air pressure; and regenerating the filter by back
washing with treated wate

PURPOSE: Provided is a purifier of a water tank for culturing fishes which continuously supplies
contaminated water within the water tank into the purifier to disinfect and deodorize by ultraviolet line
and eliminates solids by a filter so that it raises purification treatment efficiency. CONSTITUTION: The
purifier of the water tank for culturing the fishes comprises the parts of: an ultraviolet member(2) which
includes an inflow pipe(21) connected to a discharge pipe of the water tank and an ultraviolet
lamp(22); a filter(35) which is infinitely moved by a drive roll(33) connected by a drive motor(31) and a
connection member(32) and plural slave rolls(34); an active carbon member(4) filled with an active
carbon; a filtration member(5) which includes plural bio-balls(51) to help harmful bacteria live on; and
a supply member(7) which includes a washing member to include a nozzle(63) and plural washing
pipes(62) for spraying washing water into the filter and a dissolved oxygen device(73) adhered to a
supply pipe connected to a circulation pump for supplying purified water for the water tan
PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for producing fresh water and salt using pressure of water 1
depth and reverse osmosis are provided to produce fresh water and salt in reverse osmosis process
by using high pressure difference between pressure of deep sea layer and seawater level.
CONSTITUTION: The apparatus for producing fresh water and salt using pressure of water depth and
reverse osmosis comprises reverse osmosis filters(100) which are immersed in deep seawater layer
having a certain depth; seawater inflow pipes(120) which are connected to the bottom of the reverse
osmosis filters so that seawater is flown into the reverse osmosis filters; a fresh water pipe(200) one
end of which is connected to one side of the reverse osmosis filters, and the other end of which is
connected to the outside of the seawater surface so that fresh water filtered by the reverse osmosis
filters flows through the fresh water pipe; a water tank(210) which is installed on the middle part of the
fresh water pipe to store the filtered fresh water; a water raising pump(220) which is connected to the
other end of the fresh water pipe that is projected to the outside of the seawater surface to pump up
the fresh water filled in the water tank to the outside of the seawater surface; a concentrate seawater
pipe(300) one end of which is connected to one side of the reverse osmosis filters, and the other end
of which is connected to the outside of the seawater surface so that the seawater flown in the reverse
osmosis filters is filtered as fresh water, and the remaining concentration increased concentrate
seawater flows through the concentrate seawater pipe; and a spray pump(320) which is connected to
the other end of the concentrate seawater pipe that is projected to the outside of the seawater surface
to pump up the concentrate seawater flowing through the concentrate seawater pipe to the outside of
the seawater surface and spray the concentrate seawater onto a rotary drum(500) heated to obtain
sal

PURPOSE: A water purifier for baby is provided which supplies water as maintaining the temperature 1
range of 30 to 40 deg.C that is similar to temperature of mother's milk so that the water is directly
mixed with powdered milk to feed the baby without heating or cooling of the water. CONSTITUTION:
In a water purifier comprising a hot water tank(5) for storing purified water, a heater(1) for heating the
water in the hot water tank(5), and an intake valve(9) for supplying water into the hot water tank(5),
the water purifier for baby comprises a temperature sensing sensor(2) for measuring temperature of
water in the hot water tank(5), an excessive rise preventing sensor(3) for preventing water from being
supplied to a certain water level or more in the hot water tank(5), and a control board(6) that is
connected to the temperature sensing sensor(2) and the excessive rise preventing sensor(3) to
control water temperature and water level within the already set water temperature and water level
ranges, wherein a hot water selection switch(7) for selecting the set water temperature range from
supplying purpose of water for powdered mild(40 to 50 deg.C) and supplying purpose of ordinary hot
water (about 98 deg.C) is connected between the heater(1) and the control board(6), the set
temperature range can be controlled by replacing a memory chip of the control board(6), heating of
the heater(1) is cut off and a hot water graph is switched on and off by control signals of the control
board(6) when the temperature sensing sensor(2) is broken, the water purifier for baby further
comprises an ultraviolet sterilizer(4) controlled by an ultraviolet sterilization selection switch(8), and
the water purification method includes natural filtering, ultra-filtering and reverse osmosi
PURPOSE: A module for circulating purified water through an UV filter is provided in which the UV
filter for sterilizing purified water stored in a purified water tank and a circulation pump for circulating
the purified water under certain conditions are integrally constructed in a way that they are
modularized for easy assembling and dissembling. CONSTITUTION: The module for circulating
purified water through an UV filter comprises an UV filter part(20) in which the UV filter part(20) is
divided into an outer case(21) and an inner case, a purified water inflow hole(1) is formed in a middle
part between the cases, a cap(23) is coupled to one end of the cases in the state that the cap(23) is
attached or detached by a locking element(36) and a coupling hole(35), a locking element(39) is
formed on the outer circumference of the other end of the cases, the locking element(39) is removably
coupled to a coupling hole(35') formed on the outer circumference of a connection member(40) of the
circulation pump part(60), and a connection pipeline(32) onto which an O-ring(27') is slid is projected
from the end part of the cases; and a circulation pump part(60) one end of which is removably
coupled to the connection pipeline(32) of the UV filter part(20), the other end of which is coupled to
the case of a circulation pump, and in which the connection member(40) is equipped with a
pipeline(45) and a female grooved part(42) into which the connection pipeline(32) is inserted, grooves
into which a rotation shaft(65) of an impeller and a position determining pin(66) are inserted are
respectively formed at the other end of the connection member(40) so that the grooves are accurately
coupled to a case of the circulation pump part(60) and the rotation shaft(65) of the impeller(63), and
the impeller(63) having the rotation shaft(65) parallel to the central shaft is installed at the left side
part of the case(61) of the circulation pump part(60) so that purified water passing the pipeline(45) of
the connection member(40) is transferred to a purified water outflow hole(2) formed on the upper part
of the impeller(63

PURPOSE: Water treating apparatus and method using ultraviolet rays and ozone are provided to
increase water treatment efficiency by advanced oxidation process due to synergism of dissolved
ozone and ultraviolet rays by maximizing solubility of ozone in raw water and irradiating ultraviolet
rays onto the raw water. CONSTITUTION: The water treating apparatus comprises a raw water
storage tank(10); an ozonizer(60); one or more ozone treating tanks(20,30) for sterilizing and purifying
the raw water by receiving raw water supplied from the raw water storage tank(10) and raw water
containing ozone in the fine bubble state; and a pump impeller(80) having rotational speed of 1500
rpm or more for crushing and dissolving the ozone gas into fine bubbles in the foggy state in the raw
water after mixing the raw water supplied from the ozone treating tanks with ozone gas produced from
the ozonizer, wherein the water treating apparatus further comprises an ultraviolet ray generator(50)
for giving ultraviolet ray shock to the raw water containing ozone in the fine bubble state, the raw
water passes through the ultraviolet ray generator to be circulated into the ozone treating tanks, the
water treating apparatus comprises two or more ozone treating tanks(20,30) which are equipped with
ultraviolet lamps(22,32) respectively, an activated carbon filter tank(40) that is installed at the lower
part of the ozone treating tanks, and an injector(70) for mixing ozone produced from the ozonizer with
raw water, some of the raw water mixed with the ozone gas in the fine bubble state is circulated into
the injector while the rest of the raw water is circulated into the ozone treating tanks or the ultraviolet
ray generator, and the fine bubble contained raw water is supplied into the ozone treating tanks
through discharge valves(21,31) installed at the lower part of the ozone treating tank

PURPOSE: A pure water vending machine is provided to allow customers to rapidly and conveniently
purchase the pure water at needs without delivery service. CONSTITUTION: The pure water vending
machine having a water purifying mechanism via a water supply pump, a micro filter, a carbon filter,
an R/O unit, an ultraviolet sterilizer, and a post-treatment carbon filter sequentially, and a pure water
container(11) is provided with a container door part(12) communicating with the pure water container
to be charged with the pure water, a cover door part(14) for disinfecting a cover of the container with
an ultraviolet sterilizer, a display part(16), and a water bottle discharge opening(18
PURPOSE: A filter type upflow filtering apparatus with double treatment vessel is provided which
increases purification efficiency of the final treated water by constructing the filtering apparatus in a
double treatment vessel form. CONSTITUTION: The filter type upflow filtering apparatus with double
treatment vessel comprises a first treatment vessel(10) comprising a sand collection unit(11) installed
at the inner lower central part of the first treatment vessel(10), a bamboo hat shaped inclined
plate(12), a raw water line(13) which is installed at one side of the first treatment vessel(10), and into
which scum adhered sand is transferred and supplied through a sand pipe(11a), an air line(14) which
is installed on the raw water line(13) to separate final treated water and scum, an injection nozzle(15)
which is extended from the raw water line(13), a vortex forming plate(16) which is installed adjacently
to the lower part of the injection nozzle(15), a rod shaped ultrasonic generator(17) which is installed in
the raw water line(13), and a scum discharge line(19) comprising a water level adjuster(18) installed
oppositely to the raw water line(13); and a second treatment vessel(20) comprising perforated
holes(21) which are formed on the lower part of the second treatment vessel(20) that is inclined in a
tubular shape in the upper part of the bamboo hat shaped inclined plate(12) of the first treatment
vessel(10), a baffle(23) on which perforated holes(22) are formed in the upper part of the second
treatment vessel(20), a polygonal ultrasonic generator(24) which is installed at the lower center of the
baffle(23), gravel (illite, veinstone)(27) which is filled in the inner part of the baffle(23) and agitated by
an agitation blade(26) rotated by a speed reducer(25), and an UV lamp(29) which is spaced apart
from the gravel (illite, veinstone)(27) to sterilize the final treated water by irradiating ultraviolet rays
and ozone onto the final treated water discharged through a filtrate discharge port(28) formed at one
side of the second treatment vessel(20

PURPOSE: A system for reclaiming grey water and domestic sewage is provided to conserve water 1
resources. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a grey water treatment equipment (100)
consisting of a fermentation chip purify device (110) for primary purifying; a bio membrane filter (120)
for secondary purifying of BOD, COD, SS; a nitrate removal device (130); a micro filter (140) for
removing the residual BOD, COD, SS; an ozone sterilizer; a high concentration filter (160); an ozone
generator (170) for purifying the water used as domestic water and drinking water; a purified water
storage tank (200) for receiving treated water through the treated water influent pipe (380) to store,
and for receiving the water purified at the grey water treatment equipment (100) to store; a plurality of
grey water supply pumps (300); and a control panel (390

PURPOSE: A water treatment apparatus which is equipped with plural ultraviolet lamps for generating
ozone gas is provided to efficiently sterilize and purifies wastewater. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus
comprises a first pipe (10) for supplying water to be treated to the water treatment facility; plural
ultraviolet lamps (20) formed by double quartz tubes; a second pipe (30) for supplying air into the
ultraviolet lamps (20); a third pipe (40) for collecting ozone gas generated from the ultraviolet lamps
(20) to supply to the first pipe (10); a fourth pipe (50) extending from the water treatment equipment to
underneath of the water tank for discharging the water treated at the ultraviolet lamps (20); a first wall
(60) for partitioning the space the first pipe (10) stationed and the space the ultraviolet lamps (20)
stationed to provide a passage for the water guided through the first pipe (10) to move to the space
the ultraviolet lamps (20) stationed; a second wall (70) for partitioning the space the ultraviolet lamps
(20) stationed and the space the fourth pipe (50) stationed to provide a passage for the water guided
through the ultraviolet lamps (20) to supply to the fourth pipe (50

PURPOSE: A reverse osmotic membrane water purifier for producing drinking water or cooking water,
particularly water for medicinal decoction appropriately used to decoct the medicinal decoction is
provided. CONSTITUTION: The reverse osmotic membrane water purifier comprises a filter(11) for
filtering solids contained in raw water; a precarbon filter(12) and a postcarbon filter(13) which are
consisted of activated carbon for adsorbing and thus removing harmful substances contained in
purified water obtained from the filter(11); a reverse osmosis filter(14) which is installed at the
downstream of the precarbon filter(12) and the postcarbon filter(13); an ultraviolet ray sterilizing
tank(16) and an ozone sterilizing tank(17) which are installed at the downstream of the reverse
osmosis filter(14); a post treatment filter(18) which is arranged at the downstream of the sterilizing
tanks(16,17) to remove unpleasant taste and smell from pure water obtained from the sterilizing
tanks(16,17); a pure water storage reservoir(19) which is arranged at the downstream of the post
treatment filter(18); and a concentrated water regeneration tank(24) which is arranged on a branch
pipe that is branched from the reverse osmosis filter(14) to recirculate water to the filter(11
PURPOSE: A variable pore micro filter (VPMF) for allowing side filtration and cross flow filtration which 1
can increase permeable area by filtering raw water at the upper part and side part of filter layer when
filtering suspended solid is provided. CONSTITUTION: The variable pore micro filter system
comprises a cylindrical pressure vessel(25); an upper flange(27) through which a raw water injection
pipe(30) penetrates to introduce raw water; a bottom flange(29) through which a treated water drain
pipe(31) is connected to drain treated water; a weft filtration means which is composed of several
flexible weft filters(21a,21b) of which lower parts are fixed by a lower holder(23) and upper parts are
fixed by upper holder(22); a treated water storage case(24) which guides treated water via many
holes(24a) to drain pipe; a compressed air injection means which injects compressed air for reverse
washing of flexible weft filter polluted by suspended solid

PURPOSE: A pure water generator employing ultra filtration and reverse osmosis filters is provided to 1
get the merits of ultra filtration and reverse osmosis filters and to simplify the construction of water
purifier. CONSTITUTION: Ultra filtration filter and reverse osmosis filter are installed continuously in
the pure water generator. Other filters including activated carbon filer are not installe

PURPOSE: A process for preventing scale deposition in electrodialysis apparatus which can prevent 1
scale deposition on ion-exchange membrane and electrode employing softening equipment at the
fore part of electrodialysis apparatus is provided to extend the durability of electrodialysis apparatus.
CONSTITUTION: Raw water from raw water pump is supplied to dilution tank after removing floating
matter passing by micro filter, and raw water in thickener is supplied to thickener after removing
hardness ingredients passing by softening equipment. Water in dilution tank is supplied to the dilution
chamber electrodialysis tank and is stored in storage tank after removing ion. Water stored in
thickener is supplied to the thickening chamber and electrode chamber of electrodialysis tank by
thickener supply pump and some of that is returned to thickener for reusing and the rest is
discharged. The ratio of reuse and discharge is determined by the amount of hardness ingredients
that is supplied from dilution tank to thickener and when the amount of hardness ingredients is large,
the amount of discharge is increased. The water level of dilution tank, thickener and storage tank are
controlled by water gauge, solenoid valve and pump automaticall

PURPOSE: A potable water treatment equipment with improved sterilizing effect by utilizing reflected
light is provided, which can sterilize efficiently potable water by only one lamp inserted into tube body
around which reflection face(30) is wrapped for enhanced sterilization and preventing any light energy
loss from the tube body(20). CONSTITUTION: In the treatment equipment of tubular body(20) of
transparent material with one end sealed and the other end screwed to a lamp insertion part(10), and
having a water inlet(21) and an outlet(22), an ultraviolet lamp(10) is inserted for sterilization and a
reflection face(30) is wrapped around the tubular body(20) for enhanced sterilizatio

PURPOSE: A maintenance of membranes by prefiltration at high pressure and by cleaning their 1

microstructures with supercritical fluids is provided, in which contamination of main separation
membrane is minimized by cleaning the pre-treatment filtration media, with the cleaning being
conducted by stabilizing and forcibly adsorbing the hydrophilic or hydrophobic contaminants at high
pressure of 2 to 20 atm higher than the saturation pressure of bubble. And the regeneration of main
separation membrane is conducted within a shortened time by washing the surface and pore inside of
the separation membrane by using supercritical fluids without any restrictions of sort, figure, process
concerning with the separation membrane. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises two steps of
minimizing contamination of the pre-treatment separation membrane and regeneration performance
of the main separation membrane. The minimization method comprises stabilizing the subject material
to separate at a state of 2 to 20 atm higher than the saturation pressure of bubble at the pre-treatment
filter media consisting of the same separation membrane or similar material from the hydrophilic or
hydrophobic point of view followed by forcible adsorption. The regeneration method of performance of
the separation membrane comprises washing the surface and pore inside of the separation
membrane by using supercritical fluid of supercritical carbon dioxide or reformed supercritical fluid
reformed by methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol followed by dryin
PURPOSE: A purified water supplying device is provided, which can purify water by natural filtering
type or directly feeding type designed as a small size to supply sanitary gargling water or wash water.
CONSTITUTION: The purified water supplying device comprises a main body(10) covered by a
cover(20) and partitioned into a raw water tank(50) and a purified water tank(52) by a partition
wall(50a), to which a drinking water discharge valve assembly(32), a cup support part(34) and a
toothbrush keeping box having an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp are equipped; a filtering body(54) for
filtering raw water in the raw water tank(50) is fixed at a filter fixing device(50b) formed on the partition
wall(50a); an input system of calendar revealing month and date attached to the main body(10); and a
commodity setting part formed on the cover(20

PURPOSE: A water purifying apparatus to purify water in an aquarium by a photolytic reaction and
then resupplying the purified water to the aquarium is provided. By use of a circulation system, the
apparatus does not need to exchange water in the aquarium and continuous removes pollutants or
excessive nutritious material from the aquarium to prevent fish from death. CONSTITUTION: A
photocatalytic disintegrator(50) is connected to a transfer pump(30) and a solid removal filter(40) for
removing floating solids from polluted water in an aquarium(10) thorough a water supply pipe(20). The
photocatalytic disintegrator comprises: a fixed vessel(51) containing a water inlet(51a) for inflow of the
polluted water and an outlet(51b) for outflow of purified water; a quartz pipe(53) centrally placed
inside the fixed vessel; a UV lamp(54) inserted into the quartz pipe; and a photocatalyst coated
body(52) filled between the fixing vessel and quartz pip

PURPOSE: A water treatment system using ultraviolet is provided, in which the water treatment
system is made to be ellipse or a combination of ellipse, and ultraviolet lamp(52) and crystal tube(53)
are installed at the focal points (p1,p2) of the ellipse, so the reflected ultraviolet is focused to the
crystal tube(53) thus enabling the one ultraviolet lamp to irradiate to several crystal tubes(53).
CONSTITUTION: The ultraviolet water treatment system comprises an elliptic case(51) in which an
ultraviolet lamp(52) for irradiating ultraviolet ray and a crystal tube(53) for circulating water are
separately installed at the two focal points (p1,p2) of the ellipse respectively; a reflection mirror for
reflecting the irradiated ultraviolet ray and irradiating concentrated ultraviolet ray to the crystal
tube(53). The positioning of the ultraviolet lamp(52) and the crystal tube(53) may be changed so as to
set the ultraviolet lamp(52) at the two focal points (p1,p2) and the crystal tube(53) at the confocal (po),
and the reversal positioning also may be take

PURPOSE: A process for preparing a nanoporous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (PVDF) having 1
hydrogen ion conductivity and hydrophilicity for use in filtration and electrolysis is provided, in which
PVDF membrane with pore sizes mostly of 1 to 100 nm makes hydrogen ion to easily pass the
membrane, so that it can be used as hydrogen ion conductor or membrane for water treatment.
CONSTITUTION: The process for preparing a nanoporous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (PVDF)
includes the steps of mixing (a) 100 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluorine resin, (b) 15 to 120
parts by weight of organic acids selected from citric acid, aconitic acid, itaconic acid and their
mixtures, and (c) a solvent selected from dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl acetamide,
N-methyl-pyridone and their mixtures, wherein the solvent is soluble to both the polyvinylidene
fluorine resin and the organic acid to prepare a mixture solution; evaporating the solvent from the
mixture solution; thermal-forming a resultant solute to modify its surface to be hydrophilic via
polymerization of a portion of the organic acid; dipping a resultant material in water or sulfuric acid
solution to remove residual organic acid, thus forming nanopore
PURPOSE: A water purifier with cover and ultraviolet lamp is provided to prevent contamination of
water intake part and danger of burn by rotationally installing the cover at the inlet of the water intake
part and sterilize discharge cocks and water discharged by installing the ultraviolet lamp at the water
intake part. CONSTITUTION: In a water purifier comprising a main body(10), and a water intake
part(20) which is installed at the front part of the main body, and on the inner side of which discharge
cocks(30,30') for discharging purified water and cock levers(40,40') for opening and closing the
discharge cocks are mounted, the water purifier with cover and ultraviolet lamp further comprises a
cover(60) which is rotationally connected to the inlet of the water intake part by a hinge(70) to open
and close the water intake part; and an ultraviolet lamp which is installed on the side wall of the water
intake part to sterilize the discharge cocks(30,30') and water discharged, wherein the hinge is
installed at both sides of the lower part of the inlet of the water intake part so that the cover is
vertically opened and closed, wherein the cover is formed of a transparent material, wherein the
hinge(70) comprises hinge case, first rotational shaft, first gear, second rotational shaft, second gear
and elastic member, wherein the hinge is mounted on one side of the inlet of the water intake part so
that the cover is opened and closed side to side, wherein the cover(60) is formed of a magnetic
material, and a magnet(50) is mounted on the inlet of the water intake part, and wherein the ultraviolet
lamp is inserted into grooves formed on both sides of the side wall of the water intake par

PURPOSE: A stacking type advanced water treatment system is provided which activates ozone
oxidation treatment and blending to increase surface area of ozone oxidation treatment by stacking
panels in an AOP (advanced oxidation process) contact pond in a zigzag form, thereby increasing
ozone residence time. CONSTITUTION: The stacking type advanced water treatment system is
characterized in that a plurality of panels are stacked in the upper part of air diffusers(8) of an AOP
(advanced oxidation process) contact tank(1), a water penetrating panel hole(31) is formed at one
side of the panels so that water penetrated into the water penetrating panel hole(31), one or more of
the panels(33) are stacked in a zigzag form around the water penetrating panel hole(31) inside the
AOP contact tank(1), a plurality of ultraviolet lamps(32) are installed in a discharged ozone space(2a)
with the ultraviolet lamps(32) being spaced apart from each other in a certain distance, water passes
through first to fourth AOP contact ponds to be treated by discharged ozone, ozone oxidation reaction
is performed as fine ozone bubbles(71) discharged from the air diffusers(8) are being ascended along
the panels(33) stacked in a zigzag form by buoyance, flow of the fine ozone bubbles(71) is changed
up side down as the fine ozone bubbles(71) are passing through the water penetrating panel hole(31)
so that the ozone treated water is mingled with water not sufficiently treated by ozone, and the
repeating process increases residence time and surface area using the plurality of stacked panels,
thereby maximizes ozone oxidation treatment efficienc

PURPOSE: A water treating apparatus using photocatalyst for treating water using ultraviolet rays
generated from plasma after dissociating molecular and atomic structures of gas in lamp to form
plasma by microwave output of continuous wave or pulse wave using a composite microwave unit,
and a water treating method thereby are provided. CONSTITUTION: The photooxidation water
treating apparatus comprises a glass tube(1) in the center of which a cavity(3) is formed so that
wastewater(8) flows into or out through the cavity(3), and in which an ionized gas(4) having ultraviolet
ray spectrums is filled; a latticed net(2) which is installed on the inner diameter of the glass tube(1)
and comprised of titanium dioxide; and a microwave unit installed on the outer side of the glass
tube(1) to apply microwave to the glass tube(1), wherein the ionized gas is mercury or heavy
hydrogen, and the glass tube(1) is formed of crystal or quartz, a spiral body(7) is installed at the
center of the glass tube(1), titanium dioxide is formed on the surface of the spiral body, and the
microwave unit comprises a waveguide(12), a magnetron(13) adjacent to the waveguide(12), a
tuner(11) and a circulator(10) connected to the magnetron(13), and a wave guide(14) connected to
the circulator(10) to apply returned microwave to the circulator(10

PURPOSE: A drinking water purifying method is provided, in which membrane filtration processes are 1
adopted to remove all of microorganisms including virus together with impurities of organic matter and
to adjust the hardness to a suitable state, so that the method can produce safe drinking water suitable
for human body. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of removing solid matter of large
particle by sand filtering; adsorbing heavy metal and organic matter by activated carbon filtration;
separating microorganism containing a part of solid matter and protoplasm by filtration membrane of
0.1 to 5 ¼m pore size; separating all microorganisms except virus by ultrafiltration membrane of
0.01 to 0.5 ¼m pore size; separating virus by nano filtration membrane of 0.1 to 5 nm pore size,
followed by adjusting the hardness to 0 to 200 mg/L. One or all of ultraviolet ray sterilization and
ozone sterilization is added to the prior steps of the above filtration processe
PURPOSE: A purifying equipment of domestic service water and method thereof is provided, which
can supply domestic service water purified using ozone to remove biological contaminants and
harmful metal contaminants with the water quality being further enhanced by ozone treatment.
CONSTITUTION: The system comprises an ejector(13) set on raw water supply line(11) to guide
ozone from ozone generator(12) through check valve (CV); a rectangular filtration tank(20) formed by
inner walls and partition walls(22) coated with photocatalyst to receive and filter the ozonized water at
the filter (F); an ultraviolet lamp(23) vertically hung at the top ceiling of the filtration tank(20) to
irradiate ultraviolet ray; a service water supplying pipe(31) set at the bottom of the last partition to
supply service water through valve (V2); a drinking water supply pipe(32) branched from the service
water supply line(31) to supply drinking water through a water purifying filter(30) set on the pipe(32)
and filled with free filter(33) and coconut activated carbon(34

PURPOSE: A device for hot water purification is provided, in which filtration media can be thermally
sterilized without any withdraw and deposit of receiving vessel in which filtration media is charged
from/to the main body casing. CONSTITUTION: In the device for hot water purification consisting of a
purifying part(23), heater part(24), an ultraviolet ray sterilizing part(25) and a control part(37), the
purifying part comprises a cylindrical water sealed purifying box(41); a receiving vessel(43) installed
inside the purifying box(41) having a plurality of penetrating holes; a filtration member(45) packed
inside the receiving vessel(43); a driving motor(46) for rotating the receiving vessel(43); a mixing
bar(50a) for mixing filtration media during rotation of receiving vessel(43); a circulation pump(28); a
three way valve(26) installed at the junction of the circulation line and influent line(29) for selecting
flow path; a four way valve(27) at the junction of the ultraviolet sterilizing part(25) and effluent line(32)
for selecting flow pat

PURPOSE: Provided are a photocatalyst filter which is irradiated with ultraviolet ray and a water
purifier using radicals generated from the photocatalyst having high oxidizing and reducing abilities,
thereby decomposing organic substance in water and preventing secondary contamination of purified
water. CONSTITUTION: The photocatalyst filter comprises a metal vessel having a titanium oxide
coating layer on inner wall thereof and having a water inlet and a water outlet, a support formed of
elvan, germanium, glass or jade, coated with a photocatalyst layer, and received in the metal vessel,
an irradiation unit comprised of quart

PURPOSE: A water purification system and a water purification method are provided to purify a large
quantity of water having quality capable of taking a bath into drinking water used for the public.
CONSTITUTION: The water purification system(10) comprises a housing; a water inlet(11) through
which water to be purified is received into the housing; a filtering means comprising macrofilter(12)
and microfilter(14) connected to the water inlet to filter precipitates and particle materials from water;
an inlet pump(13) connected to the filtering means in the housing and constructed in such a way that
water continuously flows through the housing at a predetermined pressure; a mixed bed type multiple
medium unit(15) connected to the filtering means in the housing to remove contaminants from water
and control growth of organic matter; an ultraviolet treating means(16) connected to the mixed bed
type multiple medium unit in the housing to ultraviolet radiation treat water in the system; a carbon
block filtering means(19) arranged in the housing to filter organic matter from water; at least one
cleaning means(23) comprising cleaning agent sprayer and rinsing sprayer to clean a water container
arranged inside the housing; and a distributing means consisted of distribution pump(18) and at least
one distribution head and installed inside the housing to distribute purified water into the cleaned
water containe

PURPOSE: Provided are catalytic compound capable of being used semi-permanently and serving as
humidifier, and method and apparatus for purifying air and water using the same catalytic compound.
CONSTITUTION: The catalytic compound is consisted of carbon 80-90 wt.%, iodine 5-10 wt.% and
magnesium 5-10 wt.%. The apparatus comprises a catalytic filter unit(1) with an electrode(1b) and
having the catalytic compound(1a) therein, a high pressure dust collecting and ozone generation
unit(2) installed under the catalytic filter and provided with an anode(2a) and a cathode(2b) onto
which the catalytic compound is immobilized, a gas purification unit(3) installed under the high
pressure dust collecting and ozone generation unit(2) and provided with straw fractions(3a) therein, a
purified air supply unit(4) installed under the gas purification unit(3) and provided with a fan(4a) for
blowing the purified air down so as for the purified air to come into contact with water in a water
tank(5), and a water purification unit(9) installed above the water tank(5) and provided with catalytic
compound therein, an electrode and a UV lamp for purifying polluted water of the water tank(5
PURPOSE: A powdered milk mixer having water purifying and hot water supply function is provided to
quickly and sanitarily mix the powdered milk, and to be capable of always drinking a clean water and
hot water. CONSTITUTION: A multiple filter(3) is connected to a water pipe(1), directly, and purifies
water. A water tank(5) is connected to the filter, and stores the water. Solenoids
valves(17,17a,19,19a,21) are connected to a control unit, and are operated by a powdered milk
selecting switch, a hot water selecting switch, and a water purifying switch. A first and a second
heater(31,33) are connected to the control unit, and heat the water by 50 degrees and 95 degrees. A
first and a second temperature sensor(47,49) are installed at the first and second heater, and
uniformly keep the temperature of the water. A UV lamp(51) sterilizes a nursing bottle(35). A powdered
milk feeder(55) supplies the powdered milk to the nursing bottle through a hoppe

PURPOSE: Provided is a sterilizing apparatus using UV which sterilizes and disinfects drinking water,
various kitchen ware and cooking ware and ambient air in a single apparatus, thereby being efficient
in terms of economic. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus has a casing(11); a water purifying device
connected to an inlet port, that is a water pipe(P1); a sterilizing devices(30) disposed between a
purifying pipe and an outlet port(P2) of purified water; a transporting device of cooking ware or kitchen
ware(40) disposed at the bottom of the casing(11) under the sterilizing device(30); and a control
panel(13). The transporting device of cooking ware or kitchen ware(40) includes a roller(42) driven by
a motor and a conveyor belt(43) of an endless type disposed on the roller(42). The control panel(13)
controls the sterilizing device(30) and the transporting device(40) and is exposed on the casing(11

PURPOSE: A water purifier with excellent sterilization function is provided, which conduct primary
disinfection at storage tank and heating sterilizing step during supplying cooled water thus enhancing
sterilizing activity of the dispenser. CONSTITUTION: The water purifier comprises a raw water
purification part(1); a water storage tank(2) on the inner surface of which TiO2 layer(2a) is formed and
a UV lamp(2b) is installed therein for photocatalytic sterilization; a middle tank(3) for storing purified
water to be used as a coolant for heat exchange part(5); a heating part(4) for heating purified water
supplied from the middle tank(3); and a heat exchange part(5) and a cooling part(6) for cooling the
heated purified wate

PURPOSE: A high tensile strength hollow fiber membrane reinforced with fibrous support is provided 1
which increases tensile strength by forming the support of fibrous material and increases permeable
water amount by controlling thickness of hardened polymer membrane, and a method for
manufacture the same is provided. CONSTITUTION: The high tensile strength hollow fiber
membrane(14) is characterized in that the outer surface of the fibrous support(11) is coated with the
polymer solution by passing a fibrous support as hollow fiber membrane through coating vat(12)
containing polymer solution(5), wherein the fibrous support is formed of wick fiber of hollow fiber,
wherein the polymer solution for coating is polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrite,
polysulfone, or polyvinylchloride, wherein the wick fiber is polyester, polystyrene, polypropylene,
nylon, natural cotton, or glass fiber, wherein the wick fibrous support has tensile strength of 12,00 to
18,000 kgf/cm¬2, wherein pore size of the hollow fiber membrane is 0.1 to 1.0 ¼m, and wherein
permeable water amount of the polymer solution coated fibrous support membrane has 20 to 30
liters/m¬2·hr in wastewater and 900 to 1,300 liters/m¬2·hr in clean water. The method for
manufacture the high tensile strength hollow fiber membrane(14) comprises the steps of drying the
dipped and washed fibrous support at a temperature of 40 to 60 deg.C after dipping and washing a
fibrous support used as wick in water tank of an ordinary temperature; coating the polymer solution on
the outer surface of hollow fibrous support by passing the fibrous support through coating vat(12)
containing polymer solution; winding the coated hollow fiber membrane on coiling type roller; and
drying the hollow fiber membrane dipped into the water bath after dipping the manufactured hollow
fiber membrane into a water bath having ordinary temperatur
PURPOSE: A multifunctional sterilizing filter is provided which is equipped with dust adsorption and 1
filtration, deodorizing and sterilizing functions so that it can be applied to water treatment system and
cooling and air conditioning system, and a manufacturing method of the multifunctional sterilizing filter
is provided. CONSTITUTION: The manufacturing method of a multifunctional sterilizing filter
comprises the step of forming sterilizing resin by mixing iodine (I2), ethanol and porous anionic resin.
The manufacturing method of a multifunctional sterilizing filter comprises first step of forming
sterilizing resin(10) by mixing iodine (I2), ethanol and porous anionic resin; and second step of
removing moisture contained in the sterilizing resin through drying process, injecting ultra-high
molecular polyethylene into the moisture removed sterilizing resin so that the sterilizing resin is mixed
with the ultra-high molecular polyethylene, and forming first sterilizing filter(20) by passing the cooled
pressed and sintered composition through cooling process after pressing and sintering the mixed
composition by putting a mixed composition into sintering mold, wherein the manufacturing method
further comprises the process of forming second sterilizing filter(30) by mixing the activated carbon
with the mixture after additionally adding activated carbon to mixture in the process of the second step
of mixing the sterilized dried resin with the ultra-high molecular polyethylene, wherein the pressing
and sintering process is performed in a sintering mold in which pressure of 0.2 to 1.0 kg/cm¬2 and
temperature of 130 to 170 deg.C are maintained, wherein temperature during the cooling process is
an ordinary temperature of 15 to 20 deg.C, and wherein the first sterilizing resin and ultra-high
molecular polyethylene are injected into the sintering mold in the powder stat

PURPOSE: A water purifier with digital contaminant sensor and water softener is provided in which 1
electronic IC circuit or computer chip for measuring contaminants is installed to display exchange time
of filter on LCD panel, and water softener is installed to produce softened water from water remained
after purifying water. CONSTITUTION: The water purifier(1) with digital contaminant measuring
sensor and water softener comprises cooling water faucet(2); hot water faucet(3); cooling water
softener faucet(4); hot water softener faucet(4'); LCD (liquid crystal display) panel(5) for displaying
measured values after measuring contaminants; water quantity controller(6) for cold and hot water
buttons of the water purifier; speaker(8); water inlet(9) into which tap water and other water are flown;
water outlet(10) through which water of the water softener is flown out; contaminated water outlet(10');
power supply plug(11); first filter(12) for removing rust and dust as a purified water pretreatment
precipitation filter; second filter(13) for removing chlorine as a purified water pretreatment carbon filter;
third post carbon filter(14) for removing organic compounds; fourth membrane filter(15) for removing
bacteria as an ultra fine filtration filter; fifth silver carbon filter(16) for increasing water taste and
removing smell as a bacteria proofing and suppressing filter; filters(12' to 16') formed by rearranging
the first to fifth filters(12 to 16), wherein the first to fifth filters(12 to 16) are installed twice or more to
upgrade water filtration capacity, and water remained after water purification is flown into filters of the
water softener; first purified water pretreatment precipitation filter(17) for removing rust and dust;
second carbon filter(18) for removing water softener pretreatment chlorine; third post carbon filter(19)
for removing water softener organic compounds; computer chip(20); IC digital electronic circuit(21);
contaminant sensor(22); digital alarm for informing filter exchange time by bell, sound, melody and
light; coin injector having vending machine function to draw out purified water using bill, card and coin;
beverage function IC chip(25) for extracting beverage such as ginger tea, date tea and other
beverage; computer chip(24') having vending machine function; and rice box(21'
PURPOSE: An apparatus for sterilizing and purifying water using photocatalyst and ultraviolet lamp
module is provided to perform maintenance conveniently by installing easily removable ultraviolet
lamp module on a waterway and change structure of the apparatus freely by properly adjusting the
number of the ultraviolet lamp module or ultraviolet lamps installed on the module according to the
amount of water to be treated. CONSTITUTION: In a sterilizing and purifying apparatus comprising a
plurality of ultraviolet lamps, the apparatus using ultraviolet lamp module comprises a waterway
unit(30) at both ends of which inlet water tank(34) and outlet water tank(35) are respectively formed,
and in which a waterway(40) is formed between the inlet water tank and outlet water tank; and an
ultraviolet lamp module(10) comprising one or more ultraviolet lamps(20), two or more supports(15) to
which the ultraviolet lamps are fixed, and which support an upper plate(13) at the upper side of the
ultraviolet lamps, and cleaning unit for continuously cleaning the ultraviolet lamps, wherein the
ultraviolet lamp module is rested on the waterway of the waterway unit, wherein the cleaning unit
comprises brushes(53), fixing member, ball screw(59) and motor. In a sterilizing and purifying
apparatus comprising a plurality of ultraviolet lamps, the sterilizing and purifying apparatus using
ultraviolet lamp module comprises a waterway unit at both ends of which inlet water tank and outlet
water tank are respectively formed, and in which a waterway is formed between the inlet water tank
and outlet water tank; one or more ultraviolet lamp modules comprising one or more ultraviolet lamps
longitudinally installed in a direction of treated water flowing along the waterway, two or more supports
to which the ultraviolet lamps are fixed, and which support an upper plate at the upper side of the
ultraviolet lamps, and cleaning unit installed on the upper plate to continuously clean the ultraviolet
lamps; and a titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer formed on the surface of the waterway and ultraviolet lamp
modules so that photocatalytic oxidation reaction occurs by ultraviolet rays emitted from the ultraviolet
lamp

PURPOSE: Provided are an apparatus and a method for purifying water/air using titanium dioxide
photocatalyst. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a photocatalyst reactor (b) with a UV lamp
(a) therein, TiO2-coated non-porous carrier filled in the reactor (b), an inlet side filter (e) provided at
an inlet of the reactor (b), and an outlet side filter (f) provided at an outlet of the reactor (b) for keeping
the carrier in the reactor (b), wherein the non-porous carrier is coal ash, silica stone or clay minera

PURPOSE: Provided is a composition for preparing a microporous polyether sulfone membrane, 1

which has uniform pore sizes and high permeability and is applied to water treatments and micro-
filtering. CONSTITUTION: The composition comprises 10-30 wt% of polyether sulfone and 1-58 wt%
of methyl cellosolve and the balance amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or N,N-dimethylformamide as
a solvent. The microporous polyether sulfone membrane is produced by the method comprising the
steps of: (a) forming a polymer solution of the composition; (b) applying the polymer solution to a
support; (c) contacting it to air under a predetermined temperature and humidity to induce the phase
separation of the surface coated with the polymer solution and to form micropores on the membrane
surface; (d) dipping the membrane into water as a non-solvent solution in a non-solvent bath to
perform the gelling of the surface coated with the polymer solution; and (e) washing the gelled surface
and drying in the air to remove the remaining solvent, additives and wate

PURPOSE: A water purifier for preventing water band from forming on water tank is provided which 1
prevents water band from forming on the water tank of the water purifier by removing fine dust passed
out from post treatment carbon filter, and in which fine dust filtering filter installed is semipermanently
used with exchange. CONSTITUTION: In a reverse osmosis water purifier for purifying water flown in
using precipitation filter, pretreatment filter, membrane filter and post treatment carbon filter and
storing the purified water in water tank, the water purifier for preventing water band from forming on
the water tank comprises a fine dust filter(100) installed between the post treatment carbon filter and
the water tank to remove fine dust passed out from the post treatment carbon filter, wherein the fine
dust filter comprises filter cases(120,122), and fine dust filter membrane(110) installed inside the
cases to remove the fine dust passed out from the post treatment carbon filter, wherein inserting
parts(130,132) are projectingly formed on an end part of both sides of a length direction of the cases,
and wherein micro through holes(112) are formed on the fine dust filter membrane so that water
passes through the micro through hole
PURPOSE: A ceramic fish aquarium in a compact size is provided to improve water treatment
efficiency of water inside the fish aquarium, and to minimize the size of the fish aquarium.
CONSTITUTION: The ceramic fish aquarium(9) for purifying water by using plants and bio-film
includes a bio-film reaction tube(10) for discharging the water of the aquarium out of the aquarium(9)
by using a plant contact tube(1) and a bio-film(3); titanium(4) and an ultraviolet lamp(5) for oxidizing
the purified water, thereby improving treatment efficiency of organic matters contained in the purified
water; and a circulator(11) for circulating the water in the aquarium(9) to the bio-film reaction tube(10)
through first and second circulation pipes(7,2) by using a circulation pump(6

PURPOSE: Provided is a water purification apparatus being capable of increasing purification

efficiency by using plants eliminating N and P, a bio-film provided under the plants to decompose
organic materials, and titanium and ultraviolet rays provided under the bio-film to oxidize
contaminants in water. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a bio-reactor(10) with a plant
contact zone(1) provided at an upper portion thereof for eliminating nitrogen and phosphorous in
water, a bio-film zone(3) provided under the plant contact zone(1) for decomposing organic material
by bio-film, an oxidation zone provided under the bio-film zone and being comprised of titanium(4)
and ultraviolet rays(5) for decomposing organic material by oxidation and discharging purified water to
an aquarium; and a circulation unit(11) for circulating purified water in the aquarium to the bio-
reactor(10) using a circulation pump(6) and a first and a second pipe lines(7,2

PURPOSE: Provided is a water purification system for water supply and sewage operation, the 1
system is arranged in a compact size, so it takes a small installation area. CONSTITUTION: The
system comprises a water receiving tank(100) with a plurality of micro membrane filters radially
arranged at the top end thereof for separating foreign matters from water while receiving water from a
water inlet pipe(800) installed above the water receiving tank(100) by natural filtration; a sludge
treating facility(101) for treating the foreign matters separated by the micro membrane filters; a
plurality of storage tanks(200,400), each being comprised of a plurality of cylinders stacked on in
order and welded for circulating and overflowing wastewater; an activated carbon filter unit(300) for
adsorbing taste, odor, color, residual chlorine, synthetic detergent and radioactive materials in water;
and chemical feeding facilitie

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for converting a substituted or unsubstituted solid supported trityl 1
alcohol to the substituted or unsubstituted solid supported trityl chloride, wherein the functionalized
solid supports is useful in water treatment for municipalities, private homes and public buildings such
as schools and hospitals, and in the semiconductor industry where ultra high purity water is an issue.
CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of (a) dispersing an organic solvent and a
substituted or unsubstituted trityl solid supported alcohol in a reaction vessel, (b) adding 0.00001 to
1.00 equivalents of an amide containing catalyst compound to the reaction vessel, (c) adding a
halogenating agent to the reaction vessel, and (d) filtering and draining the result of steps (a), (b), and
(c) to obtain the substituted or unsubstituted trityl chloride solid support. The organic solvent is
selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, toluene, dichloroethane, and tetrahydrofuran,
and mixtures thereo
PURPOSE: A cold and hot water purifier for reducing power consumption and suppressing bacteria 1
proliferation is provided which saves 30% or more of power energy required for heating hot water,
enables sterilization and disinfection to be done by storage water and makes it possible to
disassemble the water purifier to clean it. CONSTITUTION: The cold and hot water purifier comprises
a purification unit(100) comprising raw water supply pipe(101), sediment filter(102), supply water
solenoid valve(103), pre-carbon filter(104), filtration membrane filter(105), post-carbon filter(106),
reverse osmosis pressure control valve(107) and check valve(108); a refrigerant circuit for recovering
heat(200) comprising refrigerant compressor(201), condensation coil(202), subsidiary condensation
coil(203), filter dryer(204), capillary(205), evaporation coil(206) and subsidiary evaporation coil(207);
a water purifying and storing unit(300) comprising a hot water storage tank(310) comprising hot water
storage container(311), hot water level adjusting heat blocking plate(312), hot water storing
space(313), hot water temperature sensing sensor(314), hot water heating electric heater(315), heat
blocking plate for hot water and preheated water(316), preheated water storing space(317),
preheated water temperature sensing sensor(318) and heat reserving adiabatic layer(319), a cold
water storage tank(320) comprising cold water storing container(321), purified water storing
space(322), heat blocking plate for cold water and purified water(323), cold water storing space(324),
heat reserving adiabatic layer(325), packing(326), container fixing bolt(327) and container fixing frame
panel(328), water level adjusting unit(330), electronic check valve(340), air valve(350), and water
discharge unit(360) comprising hot water discharge pipe(361), hot water discharge valve(362),
purified water discharge pipe(363), cold water discharge pipe(364), cold water discharge valve(365),
electronic drain valve(366) and air supply hole(370); a waste discharge water heat recovering
unit(400) comprising wastewater discharge pipe(401), subsidiary evaporator heat recovering
tank(402), subsidiary condenser radiating tank(403), wastewater discharge pressure control
valve(404), wastewater discharge control valve(405) and wastewater discharge pipe(406); a micro-
controller(500); and a display monitor(600

PURPOSE: Provided is a device for water treatment by using ultraviolet rays which activates treating
of contaminated water using the ultraviolet rays and TiO2 photocatalyst coated on a quartz pipe.
CONSTITUTION: The device comprises a U-shaped duct(10) where an inflow port(12) and an outflow
port(14) are respectively formed to inflow and outflow contaminated water through a fixed path, an
ultraviolet lamp(20) parallelly installed on the inside of the U-shaped duct and radiating the ultraviolet
rays to the contaminated water, a quartz tube(30) hermetically fixed to cover the ultraviolet lamp and
coated by transparent TiO2 not to make contaminants be attached thereto and lower transmissivity
and a housing detachably and attachably installed on the inside to protect the U-shaped duct from the
contaminated wate

PURPOSE: An apparatus for heating and purifying the bathing water using a home network system is
provided to offer convenience to a user in the use of bathing water and to prevent the waste of water
and energy by heating and reusing the used bathing water through a home network system.
CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for heating and purifying the bathing water using a home network
system comprises a water supply pipe(17) for supplying water from the exterior, a solenoid valve for
opening and closing the water supply pipe, an intake pump(13) for sucking the water in a bath tub and
supplying the water to a body, a feeding pipe(41) for circulating the bathing water, a bath tub water
temperature sensor(44) for sensing the temperature of the water in the bath tub, a water flow
sensor(26) for sensing the circulation of the bathing water, a carbon filter(14) for removing the
impurities in the bathing water, a heating unit(16) for heating the sucked water, an ultraviolet
sterilization lamp(29) for removing the germs in the bathing water, and a communication circuit(27)
connected with an input/output port of a microprocesso

PURPOSE: A production method of nontoxic salt water and bay salt is provided, which decreases
harmful components and increases beneficial components to our health without special equipment.
CONSTITUTION: The high quality salt is produced by the following steps of: passing sea water
through a filter comprising quartz porphyry(or germanium) gravel, sand and mud, and gathering
water; operating a water pump equipped with multistep filters, ozone(or UV) sterilizer, ultrasonicator to
remove impurities and bacteria; removing harmful components from sea water by soaking a bag filled
with charcoal, Au, Ge, quartz porphyry, etc. into sea water and operating sterilizing machines; flowing
purified sea water into an evaporation area and putting the bag into sea water; filtering sea water
through fibers made of charcoal, quartz porphyry, microfiber and jade; spraying liquid herbs which are
beneficial to human or liquid treated with yellow earth(called jijangsu) over concentrated sea water in
the area or spraying sterilized all kinds of liquid over sea wate
PURPOSE: An apparatus for treating ballast water by filtration UV electrolysis complex sterilizing
process is provided to secure safety of ballast water and prevent pollution of inland and coastal
waters by treating a large quantity of ballast water continuously and promptly and sterilizing harmful
microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria completely. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a
ballast water storage tank(1-1) in which ballast water is contained; a ballast water injection line(1-3)
for transferring ballast water(1-2) contained in the storage tank to filtration unit(2-1); a rotational
filter(2-2) horizontally arranged at the center inside the filtration unit; a filter cleaning brush(2-3)
arranged at the outer side of the rotational filter; filter rotation unit(2-5) and filter rotation motor(2-6) for
rotating the rotational filter; pressure gauge(2-4) and pressure relieving gauge(2-7) installed in the
filtration unit to judge clogging degree of filter; cleaning water injection line(4-1), cleaning water
pump(4-2) and cleaning water supply line(4-3) for cleaning the filter when the filter is clogged; suction
pump(2-8) and UV-electrolysis complex sterilizing unit injection line(2-9) for supplying filtered treating
water into the UV-electrolysis complex sterilizing unit; four UV lamps(3-4) horizontally arranged in UV-
electrolysis complex sterilizing unit(3-1) in which UV sterilizing and electrolysis sterilizing are
simultaneously performed; anode plates(3-2) and cathode plates(3-3) horizontally arranged; and
electrolysis sterilizing control box(5-1) and UV sterilizing control box(5-3) for controlling power supply
and operation of the foregoing unit

PURPOSE: A hot and chilled water generator is provided to execute antimicrobial treatment of a
water-receiving part by OH radical and to prevent fur and a bad smell caused by water gathered in a
gutter. CONSTITUTION: A hot and chilled water generator has a hot and chilled water valve(21)
supplying purified water separately in a hot water state and in a chilled water state, and a valve
lever(22) supplying the water purified through the hot and chilled water valve. A water-receiving part is
disposed to the front of a body. A gutter(23) storing water falling from the hot and chilled water valve is
formed to the water-receiving part. The hot and chilled water generator comprises a photocatalyst
part(100) coated with titanium to suppress production and growth of bacteria in the water-receiving
part; an ultraviolet lamp(200) to which OH radical is produced; and a shutoff part(300) selectively
turning on/off the ultraviolet lamp. The shutoff part moves from the lower side to the upper side inside
the body, to shut off the front of the water-receiving par

PURPOSE: A hollow fiber membrane module is provided which is capable of maximizing removal 1
efficiency of contaminants such as scale generated during water treatment using hollow fiber
membrane, and a water treatment device using the same is provided. CONSTITUTION: The hollow
fiber membrane module comprises a cylindrical housing(10) having a certain length in which water is
treated; upper and lower collectors(11,12) installed on upper and lower parts of the housing; a supply
line connected to the lower collector to supply effluent into the housing; a supply valve installed on the
supply line; a plurality of hollow fiber membranes(30) connected to the inner side of the lower collector
and extended to an upper part of the housing so that an upper part of the hollow fiber membranes
forms a free edge; a discharge line installed on the bottom of the lower collector to discharge effluent
passing through the hollow fiber membranes; a discharge valve installed on the discharge line; an air
pipe(40) connected to center of the upper collector and extended to the lower collector to supply air;
an air line connected to the air pipe; an air valve for opening and closing the air line; injection
holes(41) installed on a lower part of the air pipe to eject air to the hollow fiber membranes; an effluent
return line installed at one side of the upper collector; a control valve installed on the return line to
control pressure in the housing; a drain line installed at one side of the lower collector to drain the
effluent flown in the housing; and a drain valve installed on the drain lin
PURPOSE: To improve chemical, biological and physical water treatment efficiencies by irradiating far
infrared and ultraviolet rays onto a fluid of air or water, thereby changing thermal and non-thermal
energies of the fluid so that dissolved oxygen concentration and water molecular activity are
increased. CONSTITUTION: The water treatment apparatus comprises an ultraviolet fluid excitation
unit(10) which passes air(11) through a flow control valve(14) so that the air is transferred to the
ultraviolet fluid contact unit, in which an ultraviolet lamp is oscillated by microwave, and which
releases air flown in to an exit(12) with the air being contacted with the ultraviolet lamp; an ultraviolet
fluid contact unit(20) in which water stored in the ultraviolet fluid contact unit by passing through the
flow control valve is circulated through a flow control valve(27) so that the circulated water is
transferred to the far infrared fluid contact unit, onto which wastewater of a raw water storage tank(1)
is injected, and which sends the gas from gas scrubber(18) to the atmosphere by recycling waste heat
of temperature increased gas and discharges coarse sludge to an outlet(9); a fluid excitation unit(30)
for passing air in the atmosphere through a far infrared space(32) of far infrared ceramic heater(33)
and transferring the air to the far infrared fluid contact unit through a flow control valve(7); and a far
infrared fluid contact unit(40) from an exit(44) of which wastewater is transferred to chemical,
biological and physical water treatment units(51,52,53) through a valve(50) using the ultraviolet fluid
excitation unit, the ultraviolet fluid contact unit, the fluid excitation unit and the far infrared fluid contact
uni

PURPOSE: Provided is a continuous flow system for treating water using immobilized photocatalyst
which is able to control flux of inflow water, lamp, a shape of a reactor, intensity of light source,
amount of immobilized photocatalyst, supply of oxygen and flux flow and be operated at normal
pressure regardless of pH, temperature, pressure of sewage and wastewater. CONSTITUTION: The
height of an overflow diaphragm is adjusted to flux to be treated, the overflow diaphragm is fixed by a
diaphragm height fixing metal and a rotary motor (8) is operated to rotate a mesh cylinder (4)
connected to a rotary belt (9). An ultraviolet rays lamp (6) in a quartz tube (5) is operated, an outlet
pipe and an outlet valve are open and air is supplied through an air jet (10). Wastewater to be treated
and processing water are flown in through an inlet pipe (1) by opening an inlet valve (1-1) and shower
water is spouted through a shower water inlet pipe (18-1) to a shower device (17). The inflown
wastewater to be treated and the processing water are flown into the mesh cylinder and then contact
with immobilized photocatalyst and the immobilized photocatalyst moves more freely by the air flown
out from the air jet. The immobilized photocatalyst performs oxidation and reduction by the ultraviolet
rays lamp to treat the wastewater to be treated and the processing water and oxygen thorough air
flown out through the air jet is supplied to the immobilized photocatalyst to increase the oxidation and
reduction speed. The wastewater to be treated and the processing water are continuously flown in
and the treated water is overflown over the overflow diaphragm and then discharged through the
outlet pipe when the water level is not less than the height of the overflow diaphrag

PURPOSE: To provide a superior photocatalyst which can be reused by adding boracic acid and
sodium ethoxide, thereby improving immobilization force of titanium dioxide and media, a water
treatment apparatus for further improving efficiency of the photocatalyst by easily discharging purified
treated water, and a water treatment method using the photocatalyst. CONSTITUTION: In a water
treatment apparatus comprising a hollow reactor (10) having a certain volume, a raw water inflow
pump (22) for flowing raw water in the reactor, and a transfer pump (26) for transferring treated water
from the reactor, the water treatment apparatus using immobilized photocatalyst comprises a
cylindrical rotary screen (12) vertically arranged in a central part inside the reactor in such a way that
the rotary screen is rotated; vanes (18) attached to upper and lower end parts of the rotary screen; a
variable motor (20) connected to a hollow rotary shaft by pulley and belt to provide the rotary screen
with rotary force, wherein the hollow rotary shaft is integrally attached to an upper part of the rotary
screen; a plurality of ultraviolet lamps (14) vertically arranged between the inner wall of the reactor
and the rotary screen; and a pair of air lift pumps (16) communicatingly connected to the reactor,
wherein the treated water is transferred by the transfer pump as the treated water is passing through
the hollow rotary shaft in an upper part of the rotary screen from the rotary scree
PURPOSE: Provided are a method of producing titania-coated activated carbon for water treatment,
which provides the titania-coated activated carbon having long replacement and regeneration period,
and a method of treating fluidized advanced water, which is effectively removed harmful organic
materials from water by using the titania-coated activated carbon. CONSTITUTION: The method of
producing titania-coated activated carbon for water treatment comprises steps of (a) penetrating
organic solvent into fine pores of granular activated carbon; (b) putting titanium tetraisopropoxide and
isopropyl alcohol-water solution in the granular activated carbon little by little; (c) separating the
granular activated carbon and then vacuum drying it at the temperature of 30-70°C; and (d) sintering
the dried granular activate carbon with air having the temperature of 180-250°C. Harmful organic
materials are removed from water by radiating ultraviolet rays to the water with using the titania-
coated activated carbo

PURPOSE: To provide a method and apparatus for manufacturing a nano-filter media for water 1
treatment having high efficiency and low pressure loss characteristics to which static electricity is
applied by using nano-sized glass fiber. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus(100) comprises an
agitator(12) for mixing and agitating filter media materials of glass fiber, cellulose and colloid resin to
the slurry state; a slurry supply hopper for supplying slurry to uniformly lay up the agitated slurry; a
belt(20) on which slurry(22) is laid up from the slurry supply hopper to form a filter media(24); a
vacuum suction unit(26) for removing moisture inside the filter media laid up on the belt; a roller
pressing unit(28) for maintaining formability of the filter media, forming a filter media having even
thickness and regulating pore sizes through binding reinforcement between fibers; a drying unit(30)
for eliminating residual moisture in a filter media passing through the roller pressing unit; a coiling
unit(32) for coiling the separated filter media after separating a filter media formed on the belt by
passing through the drying unit from the belt; and a control part for controlling the apparatus as a whol

PURPOSE: To provide a system and method for purifying air by means of air bubbles, wherein fine 1
dust problems are substantially solved by completely adsorbing fine dust in air onto water through
processes of passing first simply purified air through air bubble generators to convert the first purified
air into micro-air bubbles and breaking the air bubbles on the surface of water. CONSTITUTION: The
system for purifying air by means of air bubbles comprises an air suction pump means(120) for
supplying air into the plurality of air bubble generators by sucking an external air; a first air filtering
means(110) stationed in front of the air suction pump means to simply filter dust or harmful
substances from air sucked in; a plurality of air bubble generators(101-2,101-n) for contacting the first
filtered air with water in the reservoirs to convert the filtered air into the air bubble state; a plurality of
reservoirs in which the air bubble generators are installed, and which adsorb fine dust contained in
the air when the air bubbles are ascended by buoyance force of air as the air is converted into the air
bubble state; water level adjusting means(102-1,102-2,102-n) for always maintaining a constant water
level in the plurality of reservoirs; a water circulation pump (104) for supplying water into the plurality
of reservoirs and circulating water in the respective reservoirs; a water purification filtering
means(105) for removing filth or sediments from the water circulated by the circulation pump; a water
storage tank(106) for storing the water purified by the water purification filtering means to supply the
purified water to the water circulation pump; and CPU for controlling intensity of the air suction pump
and circulation flow rate of the water circulation pump and controlling various functions of the syste

PURPOSE: To provide an automatic washer having a sterilization lamp, which is able to automatically
remove foreign matters attached to the surface of the sterilization lamp and allow the sterilization lamp
to uniformly radiate light having a regular wavelength range. CONSTITUTION: The washer (1)
comprises a water collection tank (100), a receiving part of a sterilization lamp (200), a main body
(10), a second drain portion (220) and an outlet (103). The water collection tank includes a water inlet
(101), a strainer (110) for removing remnants from water and a first drain portion (120) for discharging
precipitates that is filtered at the strainer. The receiving part of the sterilization lamp includes an
overflow portion (102) that is installed on an upper wall side of the water collection tank to overflow
firstly purified water from the water collection tank, an ultraviolet and ozone lamp that sterilizes various
bacteria remained in the firstly purified water overflown from the overflow portion and a first removal
device (300) to remove foreign matters remained on the surface of the lamp. The main body includes
a second receiving part (400) to receive a driving motor (310) for driving the first removal device. The
second drain portion is formed on a lower part of the main body to have a regular inclined side and
discharges precipitates that are generated while sterilizing the overflown water by the lamp. The outlet
discharges the sterilized wate
PURPOSE: A service water direct connecting type water supply filter for purifying water of a 1
refrigerator is provided to clean and reuse a water purifying filter with excellent sterilizing power by
using the purifying filter formed of a nano-silver master batch. CONSTITUTION: A water purifying
filter(150) has an outer peripheral surface in a lattice structure having dense gaps, and has a nano-
silver master batch(152) inserted into the inside. The water purifying filter is mounted on a central axis
of a filter holder(110). The filter holder has lower end fixing protrusions(112) for fixing a lower end of
the water purifying filter, inner coupling parts(114) formed at an outer peripheral surface of an upper
end, a raw water inlet port(116) formed at one side of the lower end for moving the raw water supplied
from a tap, and a clean water discharge port(118) discharging purified raw water. A holder cap(130)
has upper end fixing protrusions(132) formed on the inside for fixing an upper end of the water
purifying filter, and outer coupling parts(134) formed at an outer periphery to be coupled with the inner
coupling parts of the filter holde

PURPOSE: To provide a method for producing magnetized micro-clustered mineral water from deep, 1
rock floor water, which is able to provide the magnetized micro-clustered mineral water that is similar
to pi-water contained in cells of animals and plants safely and sanitarily. CONSTITUTION: The
method comprises the steps of (a) sterilizing rock floor water stored in a water-collection tank where
various minerals such as magnetized magnetite are packed by intermittently applying high pressure
current thereto at regular time intervals with blowing air in the rock floor water to supply mineral
thereto; (b) after removing suspended solids from the rock floor water treated by the step (a) in a
magnetic iron filter, removing organic materials therefrom and then sending it to a magnetic water
treatment tank; (c) after applying constant voltage to a stainless-steel made electrode net that is
packed with activated carbon and magnetite to cleave hydrogen bond of water molecules, thereby
making micro-clustered water, sending the micro-clustered water to a first treated water tank; (d) after
sending the treated water in the first treated water tank to a packed column packed with ceramics,
magnetized magnetite, calcium, magnesium and the like, passing it through magnetic field of a
solenoid magnetizer and an electromagnet to make magnetized micro-clustered water and then
sending it to a second treated water tank; and (e) after microfiltering and sterilizing the treated water
in the second treated water tank, packing it in a sealed bottl

PURPOSE: To provide a multi-stage flashing distillate plant having a nano-filter, which is able to 1
increase an operation temperature of seawater by removing scale particles dissolved in the sea water.
CONSTITUTION: The plant comprises at least one nano-filter (30) that is installed on a seawater
compensation pipe (13) for flowing seawater in a deaerator (14) or a seawater inlet pipe (32)
equipped between the air stripper and an evaporator. The plant can reduce salt concentration of sea
wate

PURPOSE: To provide a large-volume water purification system, which is able to preform a large-
volumed water purification at low cost and prevent secondary contamination of purified water.
CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a first pressure pump (1) which increases water pressure,
a first filter (2) which removes sands, dusts, rusts from the water, a first far-infrared rays ceramic and a
second far-infrared rays ceramic, each of which makes water molecules smaller, an anion ceramic (4)
which neutralizes cation in the water, a KDF filter (5), an ultraviolet rays device (6) which sterilizes
various virus in the water, a second pressure pump device (7), and a second filter (8) which filters
foreign matters of a water storage tank (9

PURPOSE: To provide a sterilization apparatus using photocatalyst, which is used to clean air, purify
water, remove smell and perform sterilization action, particularly used in sterilization of drinking water
so that the drinking water is sterilized without deterioration of taste. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus
for sterilizing water or air using photocatalyst comprises a bubbler(10) for generating bubbles; a
photocatalyst pipe(20) one side of which is connected to the bubbler, which is formed in a long
cylinder shape in such a way that the longitudinal inner surface of the photocatalyst pipe is coated
with a photocatalyst(21), and to the other side of which an exit pipe(22) is connected; an
UV(ultraviolet) lamp(30) installed at the inner side of the photocatalyst pipe to supply energy capable
of activating the photocatalyst; and a power supply part(40) for operating the UV lamp, wherein the
photocatalyst coated on the photocatalyst pipe is titanium dioxide(TiO2
PURPOSE: To provide a method for producing micro-clustered carbonated mineral water from deep, 1
rock floor water, which is able to provide the micro-clustered carbonated mineral water that has
adequate mineral balance, good taste and is able to be stored for a long period of time.
CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of: (a) after removing suspended solids and
organic materials from rock floor water through filtration and adsorption, sending it to a magnetic
water treatment tank; (b) after applying constant voltage to a stainless-steel made electrode net that is
packed with activated carbon and magnetite to cleave hydrogen bond of water molecules, thereby
making micro-clustered water, sending the micro-clustered water to a first treated water tank; (c) after
sending the treated water in the first treated water tank to a packed column packed with ceramics,
magnetized magnetite, calcium, magnesium and the like, passing it through magnetic field of a
solenoid magnetizer and an electromagnet to make magnetized micro-clustered water and then
sending it to a carbon dioxide and oxygen dissolved tank; and (d) after microfiltering and sterilizing the
treated water in the second treated water tank, packing it in a sealed bottl

PURPOSE: To provide a photocatalyst system into which a cleaning device of air cleaner and a
purification device of water purifier are integrated to perform two functions, air cleaning and water
purification, at the same time and clean a large volume of air in a small sized space. CONSTITUTION:
The photocatalyst system for water purification and air cleaning comprises an air cleaning device
comprising a first filter(1) for filtering dust having large particles, pollen and so on from air passing
through a suction unit(a), a second filter(2) for adsorbing fine dust, bacteria, etc. that are not filtered
by the first filter, photocatalyst filters(3,5) for adsorbing harmful organic chemicals, bacteria and so on
so that they are decomposed by oxidation-reduction reaction, ultraviolet lamps(4) for activating
chemical reaction of photocatalyst and having disinfection function, and a third filter(6) and a fourth
filter(7) for repeating air cleaning function and sterilization function again so that air(b) passing
through an outlet contains 320 ppm or less of carbon dioxide; and a water purification device
comprising a first filter(8), a second filter(9) and a third filter(10) for adsorbing heavy metals,
microorganisms and harmful substances from water(c) passing through the water pipe, and a
photocatalyst glass tube(11) on which titanium dioxide having sterilization and self-purification
function when it receives ultraviolet rays is coated, and of which titanium dioxide carries out oxidation-
reduction reaction to decompose other harmful organic compounds by ultraviolet rays irradiated from
ultraviolet lamps(4) when water passes through the glass tube, wherein the photocatalyst glass tube
is formed in a spring shape to perform air cleaning function at the same time by reducing flow rate of
water passing through the photocatalyst glass tube and sufficiently irradiating ultraviolet rays of the
ultraviolet lamps onto the photocatalyst filter

PURPOSE: To provide a simple water purification system which is able to operate low-load operation 1
and perform stable water-purification by purifying flown-in water through a simple purification process
using a pre-filtration means, pre-ozonization means, and a membrane separation means.
CONSTITUTION: The system (100) comprises a filtration tank (110) which is equipped with a
cartridge filter to filter large-sized particulate suspended materials contained in raw water, an ozone-
contact tank (120) which sterilizes and oxidizes the suspended-materials-removed raw water by
injecting ozone thereinto, thereby removing organic and inorganic materials therefrom, a membrane
separation means (130) which uses an ultra filtration filter to filter fine bacteria and impurities
contained in the sterilized ozone water and allow mineral components useful to human bodies to pass
through, a storage tank (140) which stores the water treated by the membrane separation means, a
by-pass flow path pipe which by-passes the flown-in raw water to the ozone-contact tank when
concentration of algae is high, thereby preventing blockage of the cartridge filter, an ozone supplying
device (122) which generates ozone to be supplied to the ozone-contact tank, a surplus ozone
removing device (124) which converts surplus ozone after the sterilization of the filtered water into air
to discharge the air to the atmosphere, and a backwash means (150) which allows a portion of the
water treated by the membrane separation means to be flown in to backwash contaminants
accumulated at the membrane surfac

N/A 1
Provided are a simple water treatment apparatus using UV sterilizer and activated carbon fiber filter
and a process for preparation using the same useful for removal of microorganisms and purification
and sterilization of water using chlorine, thereby increasing efficiency of treatment and extension of
filtration term. The water treatment apparatus(3) comprises a UV sterilization device(4), an activated
carbon fiber filtration device(4), a raw water storage tank(5), a sterilizing agent storage tank(7), a
sterilizing agent feeding pump(8) and an air compressor(9). The apparatus additionally includes a pre-
treatment filtration system for aggregation/filtration on front part of the UV sterilization device(4). The
raw water of which the turbidity is over 5NTU passes though the aggregation/filtration system for
obtaining efficient purification effect. The raw water treated or not treated by the additional pre-
treatment system is pressured with a feeding pump(2), and inflows into the UV sterilization device(3)
at 1.0-2.0kg/cm3 of pressure. Microorganisms are exterminated by UV radiated at the UV sterilization
device(3). The treated water passes though the filtration the filtration and adsorption process using
the activated carbon fiber filter device(4) and the chlorine sterilization proces

N/A 1

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[From equivalent US20060070942A1] A water purifying apparatus in which a filter unit is easily 1
attached to and detached from a connection unit. The water purifying apparatus includes a filter unit
for allowing water to be circulated therein to filter out foreign substances from the water; and a
connection unit connected to the filter unit for transmitting external water to the filter unit and then
transmitting the purified water to the outside. The connection unit includes an outer case having a
cylindrical structure, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is opened; an inner case
having a cylindrical structure, one end of which is closed and the other end of which is opened; and
sealing members installed between the inner surface of the closed end of the outer case and the
outer surface of the closed end of the inner case.

N/A
N/A 1

An antimicrobial filter comprising nano-silver silica particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 30 nm in 1
which nanosilver is bonded to silica molecules and water-soluble polymer by mixing a silver salt,
silicate and a water-soluble polymer and irradiating radiation onto the mixture is provided. An
antimicrobial filter comprises nano-silver silica particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 30 nm prepared
by irradiating radiation onto a solution comprising a silver salt, silicate and a water-soluble polymer,
thereby bonding nanosilver to silica molecules and water-soluble polymer. The nano-silver silica has a
concentration of 0.1 to 100 ppm. The antimicrobial filter is manufactured in any one filter form selected
from the group consisting of antimicrobial filters for automobile, antimicrobial filters for home
appliances, antimicrobial filters for air conditioners, antimicrobial filters for gas masks, antimicrobial
filters for water purifiers, antimicrobial filters for water and wastewater treatment, antimicrobial filters
for air cleaners, and antimicrobial filters for clean room

A naturally flowing pipe type of ultraviolet disinfection equipment integrated with a filtration function
combined manhole is provided. A naturally flowing pipe type of packaged ultraviolet disinfection
equipment with filter media embedded therein comprises: a manhole(20) which is formed of FRP(fiber
reinforced plastics) or PE(polyethylene), and in which filter media are filled to improve disinfection
efficiency of an ultraviolet disinfector(30) by reducing residual organic matters and concentration of
suspended solids; a backwashing air supplying diffuser(50) which is installed within the filter media, to
which air is supplied by operation of an air supply device to separate suspended solids from the
surface of the filter media by generating aeration downward and blowing air upward; a suspended
solid outlet(24) which is installed right above the filter media, and through which separated suspended
solids are discharged to an aeration tank; a discharge chamber pipe(23) which is installed within the
manhole, and on which the ultraviolet disinfector is mounted; a water treatment pipe(31) which
extends to the bottom of the manhole and has a water treatment pipe inlet(31a) formed on an end
thereof; and a manhole inlet pipe(21) and a manhole outlet pipe(22) formed on the manhol

A nano carbon ball is provided to have excellent antibiotic activity on various kinds of bacteria and 1
fungi, thereby being usefully used as an antibiotic filter for home appliances, an antibiotic filter for an
air-conditioner, an antibiotic filter for a gas mask, an antibiotic filter for a water purifier, an antibiotic
filter for treating water and wastewater, an antibiotic filter for an air purifier, and an antibiotic filter for
cleaning room. The antibiotic nano carbon ball is characterized in that 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one
represented by the formula(1) is impregnated on a nano carbon ball consisting of a spherical hollow
core portion and a mesoporous carbon shell portion. The impregnation amount of the 2-methyl-4-
isothiazolin-3-one regarding the total weight of the nano carbon ball is 0.01-20 wt.

Provided is an apparatus for producing functional clean water, which prepares for contamination of
underground water and shortage of water, solves a safety problem of tap water, improves reliability of
clean water, and produces clean water so that the clean water can be stably used at all places using
water such as drinking water, industrial water and agricultural water. An apparatus for producing
functional clean water comprises: water supply part(110) for supplying the hard water to treat hard
water such as underground water or tap water into clean water; hard water softening part(120) for
receiving hard water from the water supply part and adsorbing and removing heavy metals or metallic
ion components contained in hard water to generate soft water; filtering part(130) for receiving soft
water generated by the hard water softening part and filtering organic chemical components or
various impurities from the soft water to generate filtered water; sterilizing part(140) transmitting
ultraviolet rays through the filtered water passing through the filtering part, thereby sterilizing and
disinfecting the filtered water to generate clean water; and drain part(150) for supplying the generated
clean water to required supply place
A method for manufacturing activated minerals from deep sea water and deep sea rock floor water is 1
provided to realize uniform activated minerals compared with natural activated minerals, thereby
replacing the natural activated minerals by artificial activated minerals. Deep sea water or deep sea
rock floor water under the depth of 200 m is collected. The collected deep sea water or deep sea rock
floor water is heated at a temperature of 20-30 degrees. The heated deep sea water or deep sea rock
floor water is filtered through a process of sand filtration, micro filtration, and ultra filtration. A first pH
of the deep sea water or deep sea rock floor water is adjusted into weak acid of 4.5-6.5. Mineral
components are separated in a nano filtration process. Concentrated mineral water is neutralized.
The neutralized concentrated mineral water is vaporized and concentrated. Magnetized and activated
minerals are generated from the vaporized and concentrated mineral water and salty water
discharged from a culinary salt factory. Activated minerals are packed and examine

A nano porous photo-catalytic membrane, a manufacturing method thereof and a water treatment 1
purification system and an air purification system by means of the nano porous photo-catalytic
membrane are provided to increase an area substantially contacting with the fluid, thereby enhancing
the efficiency of the photo-catalyst. The titanium layer is deposited on a silicon substrate(60). A
titanium oxide layer(65) with the nano-sized pores(70) is formed by means of an anodizing process.
An etching mask, for example, a photo-resist pattern is formed on the rear surface of the silicon
substrate and defines a micro-sized hole. The silicon substrate is wet-etched by the etching solution
through the photoresist pattern as an etching mask so that micro-sized holes(80) are formed and then
the photoresist pattern is remove

A sterilizing washer in which cleaning water spraying pipes are attached to a conventional disinfecting
sterilizer, and which is mounted on a conventional water purifier is provided to clean and sterilize
tableware using water of the water purifier. A hot and cold water purifier with an equipment for
dishwashing and ultraviolet ray sterilization comprises: a solenoid valve(7) attached to a water purifier
hose(20); PCB-operating buttons(12) manipulated to open the solenoid valve that cuts off water
flowing into a sterilizing cleaner(11); cleaning water spraying pipes(8) installed in upper and lower
parts of the sterilizing cleaner to clean the tableware by spraying cleaning water toward tableware; a
wastewater hose(12) for discharging water that is used during the cleaning and collected on the
bottom of the sterilizing cleaner; a PCB(printed circuit board)(22) for allowing the solenoid valve to cut
off water flowing into the cleaning water spraying pipes; an ultraviolet sterilization lamp(10) for
emitting ultraviolet rays onto tableware to sterilize various bacteria existing on the tableware; and a
sterilizing cleaner door(9) opened and closed to tune off the ultraviolet sterilization lamp and turn on
the ultraviolet sterilization lam

A household purification system with functions of purifying water and activating purified water is 1
provided to supply clean and safe water to a household even without installing a water purifier by
eliminating fine dust from potable raw water and sterilizing the potable raw water through a pre-
treatment filter and a purified water housing filter. A household purification system(100) with functions
of purifying water and activating purified water comprises: a supply pipe(110) supplying potable raw
water; a pre-treatment filter(120) having a filtration membrane(122) which filters fine dust contained in
the potable raw water, and in which a plurality of micro-through holes are formed; and a purified water
housing filter(130) which has a suction part(132) formed at one side of the pre-treatment filter such
that water containing the fine dust flows into the suction part from the pre-treatment part, and a drain
part(134) formed at the other side of the pre-treatment part to drain the fine dust-removed water
through the filtration membrane. The supply pipe is made from a sterilizing ceramic. The filtration
membrane has a sediment(122a) contained therein. The purified water housing filter has a non-woven
fabric(130a), activated carbon(130b), zeolite(130c), crystallized quartz, quartz porphyry or nanosilver
ceramic(130d), and sediment(130e) contained therei
A drinking water production system is provided to produce drinking water hygienically by performing a
filling process and a capping process in a clean room, completely remove odor, taste, etc. of raw
water by installing a cartridge type carbon filter and microfilter at a water purification equipment, and
exchange the filters easily without consuming manpower or equipment. A drinking water production
system comprises: a first water purification equipment(110) including a housing(113) having an
inlet(111) and an outlet(112) formed at one side and the other side thereof, and a filter(114) mounted
on an inner part of the housing; a second water purification equipment(120) including a housing(123)
having an inlet(121) and an outlet(122) formed at one side and the other side thereof, and a filter(124)
mounted on an inner part of the housing; a flowing water sterilizer(200) installed on a pipe(P)
connected to the outlet of the second water purification equipment to sterilize the raw water by
irradiating ultraviolet rays onto purified raw water flowing through the pipe; a container cleaner(400)
installed on a line of a conveyor(300) to clean containers supplied along the conveyor; a drinking
water-filling machine(500) installed on the line of the conveyor to fill drinking water supplied from a
storage tank into the cleaned containers transferred along the conveyor; and a capping machine(600)
installed on the line of the conveyor to cap the drinking water-filled containers transferred along the
conveyo

An apparatus and a method for water purification using a hybrid process of an advanced oxidation
process and a microfiltration membrane process are provided to minimize an installation area of a
water purification system by performing a water purification process in a single hybrid process tank
through advanced oxidation and membrane filtration and obtain highly purified drinking water by
primarily decomposing contaminants in raw water and secondly removing residual harmful
substances. An apparatus for water purification by a hybrid process of an advanced oxidation process
and a microfiltration membrane process comprises: a raw water storage tank(10); a raw water inflow
pipe(20) for flowing raw water stored in the raw water storage tank into the hybrid process tank
through a pump(25); a hybrid process tank(30) having an advanced oxidation equipment(32) which is
a UV-O3 quartz tube lamp and a microfiltration membrane equipment(34) therein; a blower(40) for
injecting air into the hybrid process tank; at least one diffuser(36) connected to the blower and
installed on the bottom of the hybrid process tank; a treated water discharge pipe(50) connected to
the microfiltration membrane equipment and a treated water storage tank(60); a suction pump(55)
installed on the treated water discharge pipe; a hydrogen peroxide diluent supply equipment(42) for
supplying a hydrogen peroxide diluent into the hybrid process tank; a pH probe(44) installed on an
inner part of the hybrid process tank; and a temperature controller(46) installed on the hybrid process
tan

A separating membrane for water treatment and a water treatment system comprising the same are 1
provided to enhance the resistibility of the separating member against environmental conditions, by
using a carbon-based material for polymer separation films and graphite sheets for electrode
members and applying a micro-voltage to the graphite sheet. A separating membrane(100) has a
lamination structure comprising graphite sheets(131,132), polymer separation films(121,122) each
containing a carbon-based material, and a spacer(110). A micro-voltage is applied to the graphite
sheets. The carbon-based material is a CNT(Carbon Nano-Tube). The micro-voltage has a voltage
level of no more than 1.5V. The separating membrane has a symmetrical structure based on the
spacer. Further, a width of the polymer separation films is 50 nm, and a length of the polymer
separation films is 300 n

An ultra-filtration apparatus is provided to extend the lifetime of an ultra-filtration membrane, by driving 1

a pump through three steps at the enriching and cleaning time so as to prevent a pressure of the
ultra-filtration membrane from being abruptly increased. An ultra-filtration apparatus comprises a feed
pump(3), an ultra-filtration membrane(5), and a water pipe for connecting the feed pump and the ultra-
filtration filter. A raw water ball valve(1), a check valve(2), and a feed pump(3) are installed at a first
water pipe(P1). A production water purification tank(13) for storing purified water is connected to one
end of a third water pipe(P3), and a feed valve(7) is connected to the end of the third water pipe. A
pressure sensor(6), a pressure regulation valve(8) and a storage tank(9) are connected to a second
pipe(P2). A process for removing external particles and a cleaning process are performed by a fourth
valve(P4) connected to the storage tank, a washing type ball valve(12), the ultra-filtration valve
connected to a clean pump via a clean valve(10). Further, the production water purification tank is
connected with a D/I filter and a water pip
A method of manufacturing drinking water from deep sea water is provided to produce mineral-rich
and hygienically safe drinking water containing no harmful pollutants by subjecting desalinated water
discharged from a first reverse osmosis process and an electrodialysis process to a second reverse
osmosis process, neutralization treatment process and sterilization process. To produce drinking
water from desalinated water obtained by a first reverse osmosis process and an electrodialysis
process for the production of salt, the desalinated water is subjected to a second reverse osmosis
process, neutralization treatment process and sterilization process. The second reverse osmosis
process contains a adjusting step of the pH of the desalinated water to 9 to 11 with an alkaline agent,
a treating step with a reverse-osmosis filter membrane of an operating pressure of 5 to 25kg/cm^2, a
neutralizing step of desalinated water containing brine compounds and a filtering step to produce
deborated water. The neutralization treatment process contains supplying 5 to 10% by weight of an
aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid to the deborated water to control the pH to 5.8 to 8.5. The
sterilization process contains controlling the hardness of deborated water to the range of 50 to
1,000mg/L, sterilizing at 120 to 135deg.C for 0.5 to 10min or ultraviolet sterilization treatmen

A reverse osmosis type portable water purifier is provided to have a convenient portable characteristic 1
and purify a wide range of raw water including fresh water and seawater, by installing a reverse
osmosis separation membrane and a manual type pump in a single body within a pressure container.
A water purifier has a cylindrical pressure container consisting of an upper portion(26) and a lower
portion(27). The water purifier has no pump on which a power motor is attached. A reverse osmosis
separation membrane(30), a manual type piston pump, and a gas tube(22) are formed in a single
body within the pressure container, thereby minimizing the breakage of the container and an area of
water leakage. The reverse osmosis separation membrane has a high degree of removing efficiency
and a wide pressure range of purifying performance. The gas tube absorbs pulsation due to water
impact and maintains a uniform pressur

A bacteria treatment apparatus for a water tank is provided to manage the quality of water stably
without emitting UV to the outside, by exterminating bacteria through UV radiation and mixing the
treated water and outside water through a water passage port of a cover. A bacterial treatment
apparatus comprises a UV lamp(1), fixing members(2) positioned at both ends of the UV lamp, a
drain(3) positioned below the UV lamp and the fixing members, a water level sensing member(4)
attached to a lower end of the drain, a main body(6) easily adhering to a wall of the water tank and
having a circular shape, and a cover(7). An upper hemisphere portion of the cover covers the UV
lamp, and a lower hemisphere portion of the cover has a water passage por

A water sterilization apparatus is provided to perform effectively sterilization and purification of the
water to be treated and dissolution of ozone by increasing retention time and reaction time of water to
be treated in a reaction tank and activating decomposition reaction of ozone by ultraviolet rays
irradiated from a UV lamp at the same time. A water sterilization apparatus includes: a reaction
tank(1) into which water and ozone are supplied, and which mixes the water and the ozone; an
ultraviolet lamp(3) installed in the reaction tank to irradiate ultraviolet rays onto the ozone-mixed
water; a pipeline for supplying water and ozone into the reaction tank; an ozonizer(18) for generating
ozone supplied to the pipeline. The ultraviolet lamp is placed in the center of the reaction tank and
covered with a quartz glass tube(2). The pipeline has a venturi part formed thereon, and includes a
first pipeline(20) into which raw water flows, a second pipeline(21) which is branched off from the first
pipeline, and through which water passes, a third pipeline(22) into which ozone is supplied through
the venturi part, and which mixes the ozone with water, and a water inflow pipeline(23) with which the
second and third pipelines are united, and which is connected to the reaction tan
A rainwater treating system using hallow fiber membranes is provided to treat and reuse rainwater 1
while minimizing membrane fouling or membrane clogging by using a hollow fiber membrane filter in
rainwater treatment, and maximize water storage efficiency by closely connecting catchment tanks
with a treated water tank, thereby using the treated water tank as a reservoir during downpour. A
rainwater treating system using hallow fiber membranes includes: an electric valve(101) for opening
or closing an inflow of rainwater; a grit chamber(102) for removing sediment from the rainwater flown
thereinto; a screen equipment(103) for removing suspended solids from the rainwater flown thereinto;
a first catchment tank(104a) for storing rainwater that has passed through the grit chamber and the
screen equipment; a first retention plate(105a) installed on one side face of the first catchment tank to
reduce flow rate of the rainwater when rainwater flows excessively into the first catchment tank; a
second catchment tank(104b) into which the rainwater flows stably through the first retention plate; a
first pump(107a) installed in the second catchment tank to suck water stored in the second catchment
tank; a hollow fiber membrane filter(106) for filtering the water sucked into the first pump; a suction
pump(108) for sucking water filtered by the hollow fiber membrane filter; a treated water tank(109) for
storing water sucked by the suction pump; and a second pump(107b) for draining treated water stored
in the treated water tank. Further, a second check valve is installed at the second pum

An automatic water vending machine is provided to sterilize a cap of a clean water receptacle by
using ozone and an ultraviolet lamp. A supporting plate is installed in an inside of a receptacle
injection hole(20) of a main body(10) and is installed perpendicularly to a backside of a receptacle
loading plate. A bottleneck supporter is inserted into an insertion groove of the supporting plate. A
bottleneck gripper is installed at an end of the bottleneck supporter. A lifting guide shaft is installed at
an upper end of the supporting plate in order to guide the bottleneck supporter. A sensor is attached to
an upper part and a lower part of the main body in order to sense a loading state and a size of a clean
water receptacle. A motor is supported by a motor supporting member, in order to lift the bottleneck
supporter. A cam shaft is eccentrically installed at an end of a motor shaft in order to receive rotary
power from the motor shaft. A lifting member(120) is installed at a lower end of the cam shaft in order
to be selectively coupled with a fixing section. A cap sterilization unit(110) is installed at one side of an
upper part of the receptacle injection hole. An LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) monitor(180) is installed at
an upper part of the receptacle injection hol

A method for preparing a beverage from mineral water is provided to produce a sanitarily-safe and
healthful beverage from magnetized magnetite or anion-generating mine water. A method for
preparing a beverage from mineral water comprises the steps of: (i) collecting mineral water from the
underground base rock of a zone in which the FWHM(full width at half maximum) of 17O-
NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance) is 90Hz or below, and sending the mineral water to a raw water
storage tank; (ii) sending the water stored in the raw water storage tank to a sand filtration tower to
remove SS, and sending the sand-filtered water to an activated carbon filtration process; (iii) sending
the sand-filtered water to an activated carbon tower to remove organic matters, and then sending the
water filtered through activated carbon to a microfiltration process; (iv) performing ultrafiltration or
microfiltration to treat the water for its fouling index to be in a range of 2~4, and sending the
microfiltered water to an electrolysis process; (v) electrolyzing the microfiltered water for its
ORP(oxidation-reduction potential) value to be in a range of +200 to -200mV, sending the electrolyzed
alkaline reduced water to an alkaline reduced water storage tank, and sending the water to a
sterilization process by a transfer pump; (vi) sterilizing the electrolyzed water through one process
selected from heat sterilization, UV sterilization, and high-pressure/high-frequency sterilization, and
sending the sterilized water to a clean water storage tank; (vii) sending the water stored in the clean
water storage tank to a container filling process, and filling a container such as a bottle with the clean
water; and (viii) inspecting the water in the container, and packin
A method of manufacturing drinking water from mineral water and deep sea water is provided to 1
obtain drinking water with an improved mineral balance. Drinking water is prepared by the steps of:
heating deep sea water from 200m or less below a sea level at 20 to 30deg.C; pretreating the deep
sea water using sand filter, micro filter, ultra filter; desalting the pretreated deep sea water in a
desalting chamber of an electrodialyzer and applying DC electricity to give concentrated mineral salt
water with 10 to 24degree Baume; producing a calcium agent for controlling mineral balance by
heating animal bones, egg shells, oyster shells and coral reefs at 800 to 1,200deg.C and mixing with
hydrochloric acid; producing a mineral controlling agent by mixing the concentrated mineral salt water,
calcium agent, sucrose, trehalose and organic acid; pretreating mineral water and subjecting to
ultrafiltration and microfiltration; mixing the filtered mineral water and the mineral controlling agent;
subjecting the mineral water to micro-clustering, applying voltage from 3,000 to 5,000V and electric
current from 0.4 to 1.6muA for 4 to 10hr and subjecting to magnetization treatment and treating with
microclustered water with an bandwidth of 17 O-NMR spectrum in the range of 48 to 60Hz; and
sterilizing the treated wate

A method for preparing a water purification agent by using a nanometal composition is provided to 1
obtain the function of removing total nitrogen and various organic matters by preparing a new water
purification agent through mixing of nanosilver charcoal and platinum group charcoal with excellent
oxidation and reduction effects. A method for preparing a water purification agent by using a
nanometal composition comprises: a first process of dissolving 150 g of a power type silver salt into
500 ml of hydrogen peroxide, and mixing the dissolved solution with 350 ml of ethyl alcohol to prepare
a silver colloidal solution; a second process of dissolving 50 g of hydrochloric acid and 50 g of
stannous chloride into 1,000 ml of water in a stainless steel tank to prepare a hydrochloric acid
solution; a third process of injecting charcoal into the hydrochloric acid solution of the second process,
fully immersing the charcoal into the solution while maintaining a temperature of 60 deg.C, and drying
the coated charcoal at 90 deg.C; a fourth process of injecting 5,000 ppm of the silver solution of the
first process into a stainless steel tank, completely immersing the charcoal of the third process into the
silver solution and maintaining a temperature of 90 deg.C for 30 minutes to dewater the charcoal,
drying the dewatered charcoal in a dryer of 100 deg.C, and powering the dried charcoal to prepare a
nanosilver charcoal; a fifth process of dissolving 50 g of hydrochloric acid into 1,000 ml of distilled
water, injecting the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution into a stainless steel tank, injecting charcoal
into the stainless steel tank while heating the tank to a temperature of 60 deg.C, fully immersing the
charcoal into the solution, and drying the coated charcoal to prepare a charcoal; a sixth process of
heating 500 ppm of a palladium solution in a stainless steel tank to a temperature of 90 deg.C,
injecting the charcoal of the fifth process into the tank, boiling the solution for 30 minutes, drying the
charcoal at a temperature of 90 deg.C to prepare a platinum group charcoal; and a seventh process
of mixing 1,000 g of the nanosilver charcoal with 50 g of the platinum group charcoal of the sixth
proces

A method for producing a beverage from mineral water is provided to impart an excellent taste to the
beverage by reducing the surface tension of the mineral water and enhancing its permeation property.
A method for producing a beverage from mineral water comprises the steps of: (i) collecting mineral
water from the underground base rock, and sending it to a water collecting tank; (ii) microclustering
the mineral water in the water collecting tank, and sending the microclustered water to a sand filtration
process; (iii) removing SS(Suspended Solids) in the microclustered water through a sand filtration
tower, and sending the sand-filtered water to an activated carbon filtration process; (iv) removing
organic matters in the sand-filtered water through an activated carbon tower, and sending the
activated carbon-filtered water to a microfiltration process; (v) performing ultrafiltration or
microfiltration to remove SS completely, and sending the microfiltered water to a sterilization process;
(vi) sterilizing the microfiltered water through one process selected from UV sterilization, high-
voltage/high-frequency sterilization, and heat sterilization, and sending the sterilized water to a clean
water storage tank; (vii) sending the water stored in the clean water storage tank to a container filling
process, and filling a container such as a bottle with the clean water; and (viii) inspecting the water in
the container, and packing. In the step (ii), the FWHM(full width at half maximum) of 17O-
NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance) of the microclustered water is 40~90H
A purifying method of used O-18 enriched target water and a purifying apparatus thereof are provided
to recycle the high-priced O-18 enriched target water continuously by purifying the used O-18
enriched target water. In an apparatus for purifying used O-18 enriched target water, an ultraviolet
reaction unit(100) irradiates ultraviolet rays to the O-18 enriched target water. An enriched target
water cooling heat exchange unit(200) cools the O-18 enriched target water whose temperature rises
by the ultraviolet rays. A spectrum unit(300) observes organic concentration of the purified O-18
enriched target water in real time. An enriched target water vessel(400) measures temperature and
pH of the purified O-18 enriched target water. An enriched target water circulating peristaltic
pump(500) circulates the purified O-18 enriched target water. An oxygen supply unit(600) supplies
oxygen to maintain concentration of dissolved oxyge

A UV protecting material prepared through a solid phase reaction without using an organic solvent is
provided to be environment-friendly and show excellent water-solubility, thereby being easily removed
and disposed without using any detergent or cleanser. A water-soluble UV protecting material
comprises cyclodextrin such as beta-cyclodextrin and a UV absorbing material such as 2,4-bis-[4-(2-
ethyl-hexyloxy)-2-hydrody]-phenyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1,3,5)-triazine and is characterized in that
the cyclodextrin and the UV absorbing material form an inclusion compound through a solid phase
reaction without using an organic solvent. A method for preparing the water-soluble UV protecting
material comprises the steps of: (a) milling a mixture of the cyclodextrin and the UV absorbing
material to generate the inclusion compound using high speed ball milling; and (b) selectively
acquiring the inclusion compound from the milled powder. Further, the cyclodextrin is alpha-
cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin or eta-cyclodextri

A method of concentrating organic matters from deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water is 1
provided to improve production efficiency of the drinking water by concentrating organic matters from
salt water discharged from a process of producing drinking water from the collected deep seawater by
collecting deep seawater. A method of concentrating organic matters from deep seawater or deep sea
rock-floor water sequentially comprises the steps of: collecting deep seawater of a water depth of 200
m or less or deep sea rock-floor water; heating the collected deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor
water to a temperature of 20 to 30 deg.C; performing a pre-treatment process of filtering the heated
deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water by a filtration process using sand filtration, microfiltration,
ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, or combinations thereof; performing a first reverse osmosis filtration
process of filtering the pre-treated water; sending the filtered water to a drinking water production
process, and desalinating concentrated salt water that has not been filtered by the first reverse
osmosis filtration process; and performing a second reverse osmosis filtration process of
concentrating organic matters from the desalinated salt wate

A method of concentrating organic matters and mineral components from deep seawater or deep sea 1
rock-floor water is provided to improve production efficiency of the drinking water by concentrating
organic matters and mineral components from salt water discharged from a process of producing
drinking water from the collected deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water by collecting deep
seawater or deep sea rock-floor water. A method of concentrating organic matters and mineral
components from deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water sequentially comprises the steps of:
collecting deep seawater of a water depth of 200 m or less or deep sea rock-floor water; heating the
collected deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water to a temperature of 20 to 30 deg.C; performing
a pre-treatment process of filtering the heated deep seawater or deep sea rock-floor water by a
filtration process using sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, or combinations
thereof; performing a first reverse osmosis filtration process of filtering the pre-treated water; sending
the filtered water to a drinking water production process, and desalinating concentrated salt water that
has not been filtered by the first reverse osmosis filtration process; and performing a second reverse
osmosis filtration process of concentrating organic matters and mineral components from the
desalinated salt wate
A water purifying device is provided to install a filter unit on a connecting unit or separate the filter unit 1
from the connecting unit more easily by reducing the number of sealing members. A water purifying
device comprises a filter unit(10) for filtering alien substances from water passing through the filter
unit to purify water, and a connecting unit(20) for simultaneously delivering water from the outside to
the filter unit and delivering water purified through the filter unit to the outside again. The filter unit
includes: a connecting part formed on a top part of the filter unit, inserted into the connecting unit, and
connected to the connecting unit, the connecting part having an inlet(10a) formed in the center of a
top face thereof, and outlet(10b) formed in the outer side of the inlet; and a first connecting pipe(102)
projected upward from the connecting part such that the inlet is formed in the first connecting pipe.
The connecting unit includes: an external case(21) having an inlet(21a) and an outlet(21b) formed
therein; an internal case(22) rotatably installed in the external case and rotated together with the filter
unit to communicate selectively the outlet of the filter unit with the outlet of the external case; and a
connecting member(23) for rotatably installing the internal case in the external case and maintaining a
state that the filter unit is installed in the internal case, wherein the internal case having a first
communication hole(22a) for selectively communicating the inlet(21a) and the inlet(10a) with each
other, and a second communication hole(22b) for selectively communicating the inlet(21a) and the
outlet(10b) with each other according to the rotation angle of the internal cas

An apparatus for preventing formation of scale and generation of untreated water in an ultraviolet(UV)
reactor for ballast water treatment is provided to start easily the UV reactor itself, prevent scale from
being formed in the reactor starting process, and minimize the generation of untreated water by
additionally installing a circulation pump or an agitator on an ultraviolet(UV) reactor, thereby
circulating or agitating ballast water. In an ultraviolet(UV) reactor for ballast water treatment
comprising an inlet nozzle(2) installed on one side face of a body(1) of the reactor, an outlet nozzle(3)
installed on one side portion of the body, a plurality of ultraviolet(UV) light lamps(4) installed from the
other side face toward an inner part of the body, and a vent nozzle(5) and a drain nozzle(6) which are
formed on upper and lower portions of both side faces of the body, and on which valves(5a,5b,6a,6b)
are installed respectively, an apparatus for preventing formation of scale and generation of untreated
water in the ultraviolet(UV) reactor for ballast water treatment comprises a circulation pump(7)
installed between the valves(5a,5b,6a,6b) of the vent nozzle and the drain nozzle. The apparatus
further comprises circulation water control valves(7a,7b) installed in front and rear of the circulation
pum

A water purifier is provided to supply water that is healthy and more beneficial to the human body by 1
supplying an enlivening natural sap into a purified water tank such that filtered water is changed into
alkaline water by the enlivening natural sap, magnetizing and sterilizing the alkaline water, and
anionizing the magnetized and sterilized water before discharging the anionized water. A water
purifier(100) comprises: a body(110); a filter part(120) installed in the body to purify water; a purified
water tank(130) installed in the body to store water filtered through the filter part; an enlivening natural
sap tank(140) installed in the purified water tank to supply an enlivening natural sap into the purified
water tank; a magnetization unit(150) installed under the purified water tank to magnetize water
stored in the purified water tank; and a bubble generator(160) installed in the middle of a
drainpipe(112) such that micro-bubbles are mixed in water passing through the magnetization unit.
The purified water tank has a float(131) installed on the surface of water in an upper part therein, and
a float switch(132) connected to the float and installed on an upper portion therein to open or close a
raw water supply valve(111) according to the location of the float. The magnetization unit includes a
water pump(151) for pumping water of the purified water tank toward a drain cock of the drainpipe, a
pair of magnets(152,153) installed on an intermediate portion of the drainpipe, an activating pipe(154)
located between the magnets, and a ceramic mesh(155) installed in the activating pipe. The micro-
bubble generator has a pressure plate(161) embedded therei
A system and a method for water purification are provided to supply good purified water to users by 1
removing impurities from stored water and producing magnetized water from the impurity-removed
water, and supply purified water in a fresh state and enable the users to use the magnetized water in
the main storage tank or/and reduced magnetized water by magnetizing the stored water while
continuously circulating water stored in the main storage tank. A water purifying system(A) comprises
a magnet rod filter device(21), a sediment filter device(22), and a post-carbon filter device(23) which
purify raw water, and which are connected to a main storage tank(10) by a supply pipe(11) to store
purified water in the main storage tank, wherein: the magnet rod filter device includes magnet rods
that are permanent magnets, and pipe-shaped sediment filters formed of nonwoven fabric; the
sediment filter device includes pipe-shaped sediment filters(221) in which a plurality of micropores are
formed, and which are formed of a porous polypropylene or porous nonwoven fabric; the post-carbon
filter device includes pipe-shaped post-carbon filters(231) in which a plurality of pores are formed, the
post-carbon filters having carbon tubes comprising activated carbon, the carbon tubes further
comprising 0.02 to 0.08 weight part of silver based on 100 weight parts of the post-carbon filter, and
the silver being comprised of nano-silver particles having a particle size of 20 nm to 1 mu

A water purifying apparatus is provided to prevent contamination of cold water and its 1
recontamination, and accumulation of scale, thereby obtaining water with desired pH concentration. A
water purifying apparatus comprises a filter unit(10), purifying pipes(20), and cooling units(110). The
filter unit filters water. The filtered water is flowed through the purifying pipe. The cooling unit
refrigerates the purifying pipe, and produces cooled water. The cooling unit comprises an evaporator,
and a heat exchanger. The refrigerant disappearing is flowed in the evaporator. The heat exchanger
contains a heat transfer fluid, so that the cooled air of the evaporator is delivered to the purifying pip

A water purification device and a water purification method thereof are provided to improve of 1
permeability of a water molecule by dropping the pressure at the portion at which water penetrating a
reverse osmosis membrane exists. A reservoir tank(10) embodies a reverse osmosis membrane(1),
and a first reservoir unit(11) and a second reservoir(12) are classified at the reservoir tank, and the
first reservoir keeps the water before purification by the reverse osmosis membrane. The second
reservoir keeps the water after the purification. A pressure enhancement unit(20) sucks the inner air of
the second reservoir to increase the amount of the purified wate

An apparatus for manufacturing pure water and ultra pure water is provide to maintain stored purified
water at a fresh state and to be used by selecting the pure water and ultra pure water according to
need of users with single equipment. An apparatus for manufacturing pure water and ultra pure water
contains a pure water manufacturing module(10) refining raw water flown into the pure water by using
one or more filters, a water tank(50) storing the pure water manufactured in the pure water
manufacturing module, a pure water purification module(20) containing an ultraviolet ray chamber(21)
sterilizing and disinfecting the pure water, receiving the pure water stored in the water tank, sterilizing
and disinfecting the pure water through the ultraviolet ray chamber and re-collecting the pure water to
the water tank and an ultra pure water production module(30) refining ultra pure water by receiving
the pure water stored in the water tan

A UV sterilization system of a water purifier is provided to reinforce sterilization capability of the water
purifier and supply cleaner water to users by integrating existing direct water type sterilization system
and circulation type sterilization system with each other. A UV sterilization system of a water purifier
comprises: a UV sterilization part(300) sterilizing water flown in from the outside; a purified water
storage part(400) connected to a rear end of the UV sterilization part to provisionally store water
passing through the UV sterilization part; a first pipe(600) connecting the UV sterilization part and
purified water storage part; a second pipe(700) connecting the purified water storage part and UV
sterilization part through a course different from that of the first pipe; and a circulation pump(601)
flowing water of the purified water storage part in the UV sterilization part through the second pipe
and circulating water flown in the UV sterilization part to the purified water storage part through the
first pipe if water of the purified water storage part is a predetermined amount or mor

An activated charcoal block in which a microfilter is included is provided to remove micro dust 1
generated in the activated charcoal by the microfilter and to block many particulates by supplying
activated charcoal of which an outer surface is broad. An activated charcoal block in which a
microfilter is included contains hollow of activated charcoal(110) purifying the raw water flown in and
microfilter. The raw water flown in is purified by the activated charcoal. The microfilter is adhered on
an interior surface of the hollow of the activated charcoal and removes the micro dust generated in
the activated charcoa
A polyvinylidene difluoride hollow fiber membrane for water treatment is provided to reduce the 1
replacement cost and stability of water treatment capability compared to treatment capability by
forming a sponge structure in such a shape that porous spherical particles in which macro-voids are
not formed are entangled, thereby obtaining high strength and high water-permeability. A
manufacturing method of a polyvinylidene difluoride hollow fiber membrane comprises: a first step of
mixing 15 to 50% by weight of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, 40 to 75% by weight of a good-solvent,
5 to 30% by weight of a poor-solvent, and 5 to 20% by weight of a plasticizer to prepare a polymer
solution; a second step of heating the prepared polymer solution to a temperature range of 60 to 170
deg.C and leaving alone the heated polymer solution to prepare a stabilized polymer solution; a third
step of filtering the stabilized polymer solution to obtain a filtrate, and heating the filtrate to a
temperature range of 40 to 170 deg.C in a sealed space to prepare a spinning solution; and a fourth
step of manufacturing a polyvinylidene difluoride hollow fiber membrane by a phase transition process
of maintaining a phase transition tank with a temperature range of 20 to 90 deg.

A complex filter for a water purifier is provided to simplify an inner structure of the water purifier,
reduce the consumption of tubes connecting the filters, and easily maintain and replace filters of the
water purifier. A complex filter for a water purifier comprises a housing(10), an AC filter part(60), a UF
filter(20), a UV lamp(40), and upper and lower assembling plates(22,24). The housing flows in or out
raw water and purified water. The AC filter part filters raw water flown into the housing. The AC filter
part has a hollow space part formed therein. The UF filter is installed at one side of the hollow space
part. The UF filter filters again raw water passing through the AC filter part. The UV lamp is installed at
the other side of the hollow space part. The UV lamp sterilizes raw water. The upper and lower
assembling plates join the AC filter part and UF filter with each othe

Hollow fiber membranes are provided to enable a stable water treatment operation to be performed 1
by allowing inner sealing parts to support outer sealing parts, thereby improving durability of the entire
sealing parts, and a manufacturing method of the hollow fiber membranes is provided. Hollow fiber
membranes(100) each comprises an outer sealing part and an inner sealing part. The outer sealing
part surrounds one end portion of the hollow fiber membrane. The inner sealing part is infiltrated into
a hollow part of the end portion. A manufacturing method of hollow fiber membranes comprises the
steps of infiltrating a first sealing agent into hollow parts of one end portions of the hollow fiber
membranes, and surrounding the end portions of the hollow fiber membranes with a second sealing
agen

A method for fabricating photomask is provided to suppress haze generation and remove organic
residue and particle by cleaning with deionized water. In a method for fabricating photomask, a mask
pattern(200) is formed on a transparent substrate(100). The organic residue(310) accompanied by
forming the mask pattern is disassembled and removed by radiating on the substrate. The
particle(330) accompanied with forming the mask pattern is removed by supplying deionized water to
the substrate. The removal of the organic residue includes a step for irradiating the ultraviolet ray by
providing the oxygen gas and using the ultra-violet ray lamp by including an ultra-violet ray lamp(400

An apparatus for sterilizing and purifying circulation water is provided to control the rate of sterilization 1
of the circulation water by a copper alloy, to improve the turbidity of circulation water of an aquarium
and the like, to remove fish smell of the circulation water, thereby prevent the generation of green
algae and moss, and to extend the replacement cycle of the circulation water of the aquarium and the
like. An apparatus for sterilizing and purifying circulation water comprises: an acid clay filter
media(100) brought into contact with circulation water flown in to maintain the circulation water to a
weak acidification range of pH 6 to pH 6.5; a copper alloy metallic fiber filter media(200) brought into
contact with circulation water passing through the acid clay filter media to sterilize the circulation water
by a redox reaction; a zeolite or activated carbon filter media(300) adsorbing some of copper or zinc
ions eluted into the circulation water by the redox reaction; a sponge type filter media(400) for
removing coarse foreign materials from the circulation water before passing the circulation water
through the acid clay filter media; and a pleated mesh type micro-filter media installed next to the
copper alloy metallic fiber filter medi
A fluororesin polymer separation membrane excelling in not only separation characteristics, water 1
permeation performance, chemical strength (especially chemical resistance) and physical strength but
also stain resistance; and a process for producing the same. There is provided a fluororesin polymer
separation membrane comprising a layer of three-dimensional network structure and a layer of
spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-dimensional network structure is composed of a
fluororesin polymer composition containing a hydrophilic polymer, the hydrophilic polymer being a
substantially water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer containing at least one member selected from
among cellulose ester, fatty acid vinyl ester, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as a
polymerization component. This polymer separation membrane can be used as a filtration membrane
for water treatment, separator for battery, charged membrane, membrane for fuel cell, filtration
membrane for blood purification, et

A complex filter device for a water purifier is provided to remove micro dust existing in an activated 1
carbon filter and prevent remnants of rust from being flowed into the active carbon filter. A complex
filter device for a water purifier comprises a case(100), an activated carbon filter(110), and a micro
filter(120). Water to be purified is discharged from a side of the case after passing through the other
side of the case. The activated carbon filter located inside the inner space of the case purifies water
which is flowed within the inner space. The activated carbon filter is inserted into an inner space
formed between an inlet and an outlet which are positioned on the cas

A ballast water treating apparatus is provided to offer high sterilization effect, minimize capacity of a 1
contact tub, restrict scale generation of a sterilization unit, and to minimize the amount of power. A
ballast water treating apparatus includes a microfilter(1), an electrolyzer(2), and a contact tub(3). The
microfilter removes suspended solids contained in a part of ballast water. The electrolyzer generates
hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide by electrolyzing the filtered ballast water. The contact tub
sterilizes microbe included in the ballast water not electrolyzed. The contact tub includes a first
contact tub(31) and a second contact tub(32). The first contact tub includes a mixer(31a) and a
sensor(31b). The second contact tub includes an ultra-violet ray lamp(32a

A method for utilizing deep sea water as drink-production water is provided, which includes processes 1
of desalting deep sea water, preparing mineral water and treating the mineral water to prepare micro-
clustered water. A method for utilizing deep sea water as drink-production water comprises the
following steps of: warm-treating deep sea water and filtering the water; first-desalting the filtered
water through either first reverse-osmosis filtering or electro dialysis; adjusting the pH of the desalted
water to a range of 9 to 11 and performing second reverse-osmosis filtering to prepare deborated
water; adding a mineral adjusting agent to the deborated water to prepare mineral water; and
performing far infrared treatment, electrostatic induction treatment and magnetization treatment to the
mineral water in order to prepare micro-clustered wate

A composite filter and a simple water supply system having the same are provided to minimize space
of a water tank required for each filter step and to maximize function of the filter. A simple water supply
system having a composite filter comprises a raw water feeding pump(112), a first water storage
tank(110), the composite filter(10), a second water storage tank(120), a membrane filter(20), a
plurality of pressurization pumps(122,132), a third water storage tank(130), and a control part(140).
The simple water supply system includes a concentrate discharge pipe discharging concentrated
water filter by the membrane filter or an ultraviolet sterilizer(150) sterilizing and disinfecting raw water
or treated wate

A water purification apparatus prevents the water from being polluted while water stays in the purified 1
water tank for a long time by sterilizing micro-bacteria contained in water by a sterilizer installed in a
purified water tank. A water purification apparatus comprises a cabinet(10), a plurality of filter
members(20), a magnetic resonance energy undulation device(30), a storage tank(40), a
sterilizer(50), and cold and hot water tanks(60,70). The cabinet has an inflow pipe(10a) formed on
one side thereof. The filter members are installed within the cabinet. The filter members filter foreign
materials of raw water flown in through the inflow pipe. Purified water passing through the filter
members flows into the magnetic resonance energy undulation device. The cold and hot water tanks
have outlet ports(61,71) respectively installed therein to discharge the purified water to the outsid
A water treatment system is provided to offer processing water of good quality with reliability by using
a bio-reactor and an ultraviolet sterilizer efficiently, and to solve a water shortage phenomenon. A
water treatment system includes the followings: a screen tank(100); a flow control bath(110)
discharging sewage by using an original water pump and storing the sewage temporarily; a bio-
reactor(124) processing the sewage with microorganisms; a drum screen(126) removing minute
particles within the sewage; an anoxic chamber(128) removing nitrogen of the sewage; an anaerobic
tank(142) removing phosphorus within the sewage; a membrane separation tank(154) separating the
sewage with a membrane; a deaerobic bath removing denitrification gas; a discharge bath(214)
discharging processing water; an air contactor(226); an ultraviolet sterilizer(260); a sludge
concentration sink(288) precipitating the sludge; and a blower supplying the air(262,284

An apparatus for removing nitrate-nitrogen and dissolved organic matters in a purification process is
provided to minimize the amount of energy consumption by controlling a driving condition of a reverse
osmosis process. An apparatus for removing nitrate-nitrogen and dissolved organic matters includes
the followings: a flowmeter(102) measuring a flow rate of inflow water; a pre-filter(103) filtering the
inflow water; a reverse osmosis influx tank(104) using reverse osmosis operation of the inflow water;
an inflow water valve(105) sending the inflow water to a line for the reverse osmosis; a bypass
valve(106) bypassing the inflow water; a reverse osmosis membrane module(108) filtrating the inflow
water; a water treatment tank(109); a UV spectrophotometer(110) measuring absorbance of the
nitrate-nitrogen and the dissolved organic matters; and a control part(111) controlling closing and
opening of the bypass valve and the inflow water valv

A UV filter for water purifier is provided to increase the amount of purified water which is sterilized by
sterilizing the purified water in the filter with direct sterilization of a UV lamp and indirect sterilization of
an outside quartz tube. A UV filter for water purifier includes the followings: an outside quartz tube(30);
an inside quartz tube(54) which becomes an outer surface of an UV lamp(50), and arranged on an
inner side of the outside quartz tube; and a reflecting material(40) coated on an outer side of the
outside quartz tube to irradiate UV. The UV filter includes a lamp receiving part(52) formed on an end
of the outside quartz tube to detach the UV lamp. A reflective material is aluminum, magnesium oxide
or calcium carbonat

A water purifier having a micro-bubbles generating function is provided to produce micro-bubbles 1

having average size of 10-100mum by mixing the gas, oxygen or ozone with simple configuration and
inexpensive cost. A water purifier having a micro-bubbles generating function includes the followings:
a filter part(2) connected with a main pipe(40) and a channel; a main body(100) having a water intake
cock(9) taking purified water through the filter part; a storage chamber(50) storing water supplied from
a branch water pipe separated from the main pipe; a pump mixing the gas and inhaling the water from
the storage chamber; a mixing chamber re-mixing the gas of a compound and the water and a nozzle
supplying the re-mixed gas and water to the filter part. The micro-bubbles supply water in which
impurities and germs are removed to the main body with an inlet pip

A water purification apparatus using a submerged membrane and a dissolved air flotation method are 1
provided to extend a period of impurity removing operation, and to remove impurities piled on a
filtration unit simply with water treatment effect. A water purification apparatus using a submerged
membrane and a dissolved air flotation method includes a coagulation basin(10), a dissolved air
floatation tank(20); a micro pore generating unit(30), a submerged separation membrane(40), a
purification pipe(50), a backwashing unit(60), and an air bubble generator(80). The coagulation basin
coagulates impurities included in raw water. The separation membrane is installed at the bottom of the
dissolved air floatation tank. The purification pipe is installed to flow treated water of the dissolved air
floatation tank. The air bubble generator is installed at the bottom of the separation membran

A quartz tube cleaner and a water disinfection device using the same are provided to reduce the
cleaning time and maintenance cost by cleaning the quartz tube using the flowing of the water. A
quartz tube cleaner in which an ultra-violet ray lamp for disinfecting the water comprises a brush(16),
a plurality of wings(12), a transition speed/rotational direction controlling wheel(14), a plurality of pipes
and a plurality of valves. The brush is fixed in the inner side of the quartz tube cleaner. The brush
contacts a quartz pipe in order to clean it. A plurality of wings is fixed to the outer side of the quartz
tube cleaner. The plurality of wings moves using the flowing speed of the water. The transition
speed/rotational direction controlling wheel are fixed to the inner side of the quartz tube cleaner. The
transition speed/rotational direction controlling wheel controls the transition speed and rotational
direction of the quartz tube cleaner. A plurality of valves and pipes are installed to be adjacent to a
water inlet and outlet. A plurality of valves and pipes periodically change the water flow direction. A
plurality of valves and pipes wash the quartz tube while moving right and left along a water flow pat
A manufacturing method of a separation membrane for water treatment in which a visible light catalyst 1
is applied and the separation membrane manufactured thereby are provided to fix stably a layer for
the visible light catalyst, and to form a nano separation membrane having high permeability property.
A manufacturing method of a separation membrane for water treatment includes the following steps
of: forming a nano separation membrane having a polyamide active layer on a porous supporter;
forming a binder flayer with inorganic oxides to improve coherence of a visible light catalyst and the
surface of the nano separation membrane; and forming a visible light catalyst layer by applying the
visible light catalyst consisting of titanium dioxide

PURPOSE: A device for a purification process using a catalyst dynamic membrane and a method 1
thereof are provided to remove granular pollutants and organic materials consecutively with one
device. CONSTITUTION: A device for a purification process using a catalyst dynamic membrane
includes a raw water supply unit(100), a membrane filtration unit(300), a chemical supply unit(200), a
processed water discharge unit(500), an enriched water discharge unit(400), and an aeration unit.
The raw water supply unit supplies the raw water. The membrane filtration unit removes granule
contaminants and organic pollutants supplied from the raw water supply unit. The chemical supply
unit supplies chemicals to the membrane filtration unit. The processed water discharge unit
discharges processed wate

A method for the treatment with a reverse osmosis membrane which is suppressed in the flux 1
deterioration occurring even under such conditions that only a slight amount of iron is contained in the
water fed to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit and therefore no scale of calcium or silica is
generated. Namely, a method of treating raw water containing iron in an amount of as low as
1000¼g/L or below in terms of total iron with a reverse osmosis membrane, characterized in that a
sulfo-bearing compound is added to the raw wate

PURPOSE: A membrane module built in a pressure container and a hollow fiber membrane module of 1
a series type are provided to maximize process efficiency of raw water by increasing integrated
degrees of the module, and to improve space utility. CONSTITUTION: A hollow fiber membrane
module(20) built in a pressure container for water treatment comprises a collecting water pipe(15), a
hollow fiber membrane(16), and a catchment cap(17). The collecting water pipe is located on the
center part of a potting part(19). The collecting water pipe is a path for moving the processed water.
The collecting water pipe supports a hollow fiber membrane. The hollow fiber membrane is fixed on
both ends of the potting part by an adhesive. The hollow fiber membrane is fixed on an outer side the
collecting water pipe to process water. The catchment cap is fastened with the potting part. The
catchment cap transfers the processed water to the collecting water pipe through the hollow fiber
membran

PURPOSE: A photocatalyst plate for purifying apparatus is provided to prevent loss or function
reduction and improve durability and purification ability. CONSTITUTION: A photocatalyst plate(50) for
purifying apparatus(100) purifies air or water through photochemical reaction. The photocatalyst plate
comprises transparent plate and photocatalyst powder. The photocatalyst powder is filled between
two transparent plates. A UV lamp(7) is inserted to a lamp insertion hole formed in the photocatalyst
plat

PURPOSE: A power-free ultra-violet ray lamp washing apparatus for water treatment is provided,
which minimizes efficiency drop of the ultraviolet ray and maximizes sterilization efficiency of the
ultraviolet ray. CONSTITUTION: A power-free ultra-violet ray lamp washing apparatus for water
treatment is constituted as follows. The power-free ultra-violet ray lamp washing apparatus generates
power by moving fluid using a wing. The moving force is transferred to the screw board(22). The
foreign material stuck in the surface is eliminated since a cleaning brush(23) attached to the screw
board is rotated while coming into contact with a quartz tube(21). The washing particle collides with
the Quartz tube and performs washin

PURPOSE: An apparatus for producing nano-silver sterilizing water using magnetized water is 1
provided to produce nano-silver water in a short time by increasing conductivity of the water, and to
adjust a current freely. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for producing nano-silver sterilizing water using
magnetized water includes an inflow filter part(10), a magnetized part(20), a solvent producing
part(30), a mineral salt filter part(40), and an electronic control part(50). The inflow filter part is
connected with an inflow pipe in which the water is transferred. The electronic control part has a
converter supplying a direct current. The inflow filter part is a screen filter. The solvent producing part
includes a bracket, an anode(31), a cathode(32), and a floating(33
PURPOSE: A water purification membrane for water treatment with enhanced antifouling property and 1
a preparation method thereof are provided to improve water transmittance, a BAS rejection rate and
the antifouling property by adding polyoxazoline-based polymers and a membrane-forming polymer.
CONSTITUTION: A porous membrane includes a surface layer(100), a micro-pore nano-sponge
layer(200), a macro-pore sponge layer(300), and a spherical particle support layer(400). The surface
layer is formed on the surface of membrane. The nano-sponge layer is formed on the bottom of the
surface layer. A plurality of micro-pores(20) and nano-pores(10) have a skin layer(110). The spherical
particle support layer has a plurality of pores and spherical particles(40

PURPOSE: A complex water treatment apparatus having multiple straw filter membranes is provided 1
to purify raw water effectively through consecutive washing, and to perform a washing process with
uniform pressure in the whole filter membrane. CONSTITUTION: A complex water treatment
apparatus includes a process tank(20), a washing unit, an ozone supply unit, a plurality of filtering
unit(30), an advance oxidation tank(40), and a vessel(50). A drain pipe(11) is connected to the bottom
of the process tank. A distribution pipe(13) is connected to an end of an inflow pipe. An plurality of inlet
pipes(15) are formed on the distribution pipe. The filtering unit includes a base member(31) and a
plurality of straw filtration membranes(32). The advance oxidation tank has a plurality of ultraviolet ray
lamp units(25

PURPOSE: A water treatment apparatus using a high efficiency advanced oxidation process is
provided to improve water treatment efficiency drastically with strong oxidation force, and to improve
performance for removing organic materials by facilitating generation of hydroxyl radicals.
CONSTITUTION: A water treatment apparatus using a high efficiency advanced oxidation process
includes a waste water storage tank(10), a pump(20), a hydrogen peroxide generator(30), an
ejector(40), a second high oxidation reaction bath(50), and a treated water discharge part(60). The
second high oxidation reaction bath includes a tube(51), a plurality of ozone generation ultraviolet
lamps(52), an air inlet(53), and an ozone outlet(54). The water treatment apparatus further includes a
line mixer(45), a ultrasonic oscillator(55) and a conveying line(70). The line mixer is located between
the ejector and the tube. THE tube is a tefron tube or a Quartz tube coated by Teflon. The ultrasonic
oscillator vibrates the tube, and is connected to the tube. The conveying line transfers the treated
water to the waste water storage tan

[PROBLEMS] To provide a system for utilizing ballast water which makes it possible to ensure 1
washing water for a unit and is usable for various purposes. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A
system for utilizing ballast water having a ballast water treating unit (3) which is a unit for treating
microorganisms and bacteria in seawater or fresh water and which should be washed at least once a
day during the continuous treatment and ballast tanks (4) for pooling the ballast water having been
treated in the ballast water treating unit (3), characterized in that a service tank (5) for pooling the
ballast-treated water having been treated in the ballast water treating unit (3) is further provided and
the ballast-treated water in the service tank (5) is employed in washing the ballast water treating unit
(3

N/A 1

PURPOSE: A water-treatment apparatus using RB ceramic is provided to double a sterilization effect

by artificially supplying minute bubble after arranging a separate bubbling portion in an adjacent part
to a photocatalyst part. CONSTITUTION: A water-treatment apparatus using RB ceramic comprises:
an ultraviolet luminescence part which is on and off by an external power; a photocatalyst part(20)
which is arranged in an adjacent part to the ultraviolet luminescence part and raises a photochemical
reaction by ultraviolet ray; and a support unit fixing the ultraviolet luminescence part and the
photocatalyst part. The support unit comprises: an upper plate(31) in which a penetration hole is
included on the center to fix the ultraviolet luminescence part; a plurality of outer columns(32); and a
lower plate which is jointed and fixed with the bottom surface of the outer colum

PURPOSE: A photocatalytic nano capsule and a fiber for water treatment, a photocatalyst including 1
thereof, a method of sterilizing and filtering using thereof are provided to effectively and conveniently
filter a contaminant from fluid. CONSTITUTION: A photocatalytic nano capsule(100) is composed of a
photocatalytic nano particle(110), silicon dioxide, a shell(105) to partially encapsulate the
photocatalytic nano particle. The shell includes nano pores. The photocatalytic nano particle consists
nano-sized titan dioxide particle. The photocatalytic nano particle contains ZnO, CdS, SrTiO_3,
Fe_2O_3, V2O5, SnO_2, FeTiO_3 or PbO. A photocatalytic fiber includes a photocatalytic nano
particle and a fiber containing silica partially covering the photocatalytic nano particle. The
photocatalytic nano particle consists a nano rod. The nano particle contains titan dioxid
PURPOSE: An eco bioreactor for water purification is provided to effectively purify and process 1
different types of liquids such as wastewater, sewage, effluent, leachate, contaminated water, etc.
through packaged water processing devices. CONSTITUTION: An eco bioreactor for water
purification comprises an inflow device(10), a reservoir(20), a pH adjusting device(30), an electric
coagulating device(40), a chemical coagulating device(50), an ozone processing device(60), a bio-
reacting device(70), a separation membrane device(80), a sand filtering device(90), a micro filtering
device(100), an activated carbon filtration device(110), an ultra filtration device(120), a nano filtration
device(130), a sludge processing device(140), a discharge tank(150), an outflow device(160), a
housing(170), and a mobile device(180). The electric coagulating device, the bio-reacting device, the
separation membrane device, the sand filtering device, the ultra filtration device, the ultra filtration
device, the nano filtration device, the housing, and the mobile device are selectively composed in the
eco bioreacto

PURPOSE: A purified water manufacturing system using a field infrared spectrometer is provided to 1
reduce the loss at an industrial site by the microbial pollution including the purified water
manufacturing system. CONSTITUTION: A purified water manufacturing system(11) using a field
infrared spectrometer(24) comprises the following: an activated carbon absorbing tower(13) removing
raw water(12) residual chlorine and organic compounds; a micro filter(14) for removing corpuscles; a
water softener(15) for removing hardness components; a UV disinfector(16); a reverse osmosis
device(17) to remove ionic components; an electro deionization device(18); and a storage(19) for
purified water. The collecting process of the sample is performed by connecting a sample collecting
pipe(20) from the activated carbon absorbing tower to the field infrared spectrometer and flowing in
raw water samples to the field infrared spectromete

PURPOSE: A UV filter for a water purifier having a constant-rate supply part is provided to maintain a
sterilization level of purified water with ultraviolet rays, and to uniformly maintain a flow rate of the
purified water flowed to a UV filter. CONSTITUTION: A UV filter for a water purifier includes the
following: a filter housing(200) discharging and receiving purified water with a water inlet(210) and a
purified water outlet(220); a UV lamp(300) equipped inside the filter housing to sterilize the water in
the filter housing; and a constant-rate supply part(400) arranged between a purified water supply
source and a purified water inlet to be stayed in the filter housing over the predetermined time. The
constant-rate supply part comprises a supply part main body(410) and a constant-rate valve(420

PURPOSE: A clean water filter assembly is provided to keep sterilization of a UV filter over a constant
degree, and to show an exchange period of an UV lamp equipped in the UV filter while sterilizing
water with ultraviolet rays. CONSTITUTION: A clean water filter assembly comprises the following: an
assembly head(200) comprised of a water inlet(201), a water exit(202) and a connector(210); a water
purification filter housing(300) which is connected or detached to the connector; a purified water inlet
part(401); a UV lamp(410) ultraviolet-sterilizing water which is filtered and flowed; a purified water
outlet part(402) discharging water sterilized by ultraviolet ray; a UV filter(400) mounted to the
assembly head. The UV filter includes the following: a constant-rate valve(421) connected to a
purified water inlet part; a constant-rate flow feed part(420) in which a constant-rate flow outlet
part(422) is connected to a constant-rate valve; a constant-rate flow inlet part(441) connected to the
constant-rate flow outlet part; and a UV filter housing(440) with the UV lamp, a purified water outlet.
The constant-rate flow feed part includes a flow sensor(423

PURPOSE: A ballast water processing system is provided to prevent contamination of a ballast tank,
and to prevent secondary contamination due to by-products while efficiently and simply managing and
repairing the system. CONSTITUTION: A ballast water processing system includes the following: a
filtering part(2) filtering taken ballast water with a filter; a ultraviolet processing part(3) sterilizing the
filtered ballast water with ultraviolet rays; and a control part controlling the filtering part and the
ultraviolet processing part. The ballast water processing system further includes a bypass pipe(7)
between the filtering part and the ultraviolet processing par

PURPOSE: A water-cleaner having an ultraviolet light emitting diode is provided to annihilate bacteria
and harmful viruses existing in water within a short time by exposing raw water which flows into a
body case to ultraviolet rays while passing through a filter. CONSTITUTION: A water-cleaner
comprises the following; a bottom case(110) comprised of a hydrant(111) and an outlet(112); a body
case(120) combined with the bottom case; a filter section(130) combined with the inner side of one
part in the body case; an ultraviolet ray emitting diode portion(140) combined in the inner side of one
part in the body case; and an upper case(170) which is located in one side of the ultraviolet ray
emitting diode portion and the filter section and covers the body cas
PURPOSE: An apparatus for fixing an ultraviolet lamp for water treatment is provided to remove
organic materials included in purified water, sewage, wastewater, seawater, and condensed water etc
with a pulse ultraviolet ray. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for fixing an ultraviolet lamp for water
treatment includes the following: a reaction tank(200) formed with a cut-out part and is connected to a
part of a discharge pipe(100); a fixing plate which is welded on the inner circumference of the reaction
tank with the cut-out part; a pulse ultra-violet ray lamp which is attachably mounted on the fixing plate;
a floodgate body formed to a square shape; and an opening and closing plate sealing the reaction tan

PURPOSE: A method for repairing a hollow fiber membrane is provided to restrict loss of performance 1
when physical impact is applied to the membrane during water treatment operation, and to restrict
degradation of an effective membrane area and permeability. CONSTITUTION: A method for repairing
a hollow fiber membrane(1) includes the following steps: separating a damaged part of the hollow
fiber membrane; separating a cut-part of the hollow fiber membrane; inserting the membrane into a
heat shrinkable tube(2) having flexibility; and welding the cut hollow fiber membrane by thermal
shrinkage of the heat shrinkable tube. The minimum constriction temperature of the heat shrinkable
tube is 90°

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of a separation membrane for low fouling hydrophilic water 1
treatment is provided to minimize a membrane fouling phenomenon without a chemical cleaning
process and to reduce biofouling in a separation membrane process. CONSTITUTION: A
manufacturing method of a separation membrane for low fouling hydrophilic water treatment includes
a step for coating a hydrophilic polymer on a NF backing membrane consisting of polysulfone
polymers and reduces biofouling by reinforcing hydrophilic property of the film surface. The
hydrophilic polymer is PEBAX [polyether-polyamide block copolymer]. An antibiotic nano-material is a
nanosilver particl

PURPOSE: An apparatus for clarifying water using a double tube lamp is provided to sterilize bacteria 1
and viruses and removes heavy metal such as hardly degradable substance by irradiating an ultra
violet ray to target water. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for clarifying water using a double tube lamp
comprises: a water inlet container(200), a water inlet pipe(100); a water inlet pipe body to which water
is supplied through the water input pipe; a diffuser(300) which supplies oxygen and lifting water at the
same time by using air supplied from an external air generator; a dual-piped lamp(400) which sterilize
water by irradiating an ultra-violet ray to the water and is prepared inside the water inlet body; a
discharge pipe(510) which discharges the water passing through the dual-piped lamp to the outside; a
discharging unit(500) which includes a discharging hole(520) penetrating an external plane of the
water inlet container; a filter cartridge(600) which removes a suspended solid from the discharged
water; an air generator; and a control unit(700) which includes a control panel(710) for controlling the
air generator and the dual-piped lam

PURPOSE: An active material neutralizing device using an ultraviolet LED and a ballast water
processing system are provided to efficiently neutralize active materials included in fluid.
CONSTITUTION: A housing is connected to an inlet to which fluid with active materials are inputted
and an outlet to output the fluid. A ring type support unit is installed inside the housing. A plurality of
ultraviolet LEDs(50) is installed on the ring type support unit in a columnar direction. The ring type
support unit includes support rings(42a,42b,42c) which are separated from the housing with a preset
space and a support ring fixing member(45) to fix the support ring to the housin

PURPOSE: A water purifier is provided to suppress the breed of micro-organisms or bacterium by 1

sterilizing water through an electrolysis process without separate external power. CONSTITUTION: A
filtering unit(110) filters water. Water flows to the filtering unit through a water purifying pipe(120). A
generating module(140) is installed to the water purifying pipe and generates electricity using the
water current of the water purifying pipe. The electricity is supplied to a sterilizing module(150). The
sterilizing module sterilizes water from the water purifying pipe through an electrolysis proces

PURPOSE: An apparatus for making fresh water from sea water by using the force of wave is 1
provided to solve the problem that countries except oil producing country are difficult to commercialize
the apparatus. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus includes a rotation rod, a cylinder(50), a reverse
osmosis seawater desalination part, and a pressurized holding part. The rotation rod receives the
movement of a flotter(10) floated according to the elevation of the sea surface. A piston, which is
elevated by being interlinked to the movement of the rotation rod, is installed in the cylinder. The
cylinder suctions and pressurizing-discharges the seawater according to the elevation of the piston.
The reverse osmosis seawater desalination part desalinizes the seawater which is pressurized by the
cylinder. The pressurized holding part maintains the flow of the seawater of the inlet/outlet of the
cylinder in a one directio
PURPOSE: A hot and cold water purifier of tank type is provided to conveniently maintain and manage
and to ensure improved hygiene. CONSTITUTION: A hot and cold water purifier of tank type
comprises: a feed water(10); a filter unit(50) for purifying the feed water; a tank unit(100) for
separately storing purified water, cold water, and hot water; a water outlet cock(202) for discharging
the purified water, cold water, and hot water, and a water outlet unit(200) with a UV ray unit. The tank
unit comprises a purified water tank for storing purified water by being connect to the filter unit; a tank
for cold water and purified water for storing cold water and purified water; and a tank for hot water and
purified water which heats and stores hot water and purified water by being connected to the tank for
purified wate

PURPOSE: A water purification device and a water purification method is provided to facilitate the
processing management thereof by excluding the use of ozone and ultraviolet ray for the removal of
1,4-dioxane, and so on. CONSTITUTION: A water purification device includes a filtering device, a
reverse osmosis membrane tub(300), a water treatment tank(400), a drainage chamber(500) and a
supply line(530). The filtering device processes raw water, and the reverse osmosis membrane
produces treatment water and includes a reverse osmosis membrane. The water treatment tank
stores the treatment water purified through the reverse osmosis membrane, and the drainage
chamber stores the water which is not purified in the reverse membrane tu

PURPOSE: A sterilization method of a water cooler and a heater is provided to transmit all parts of
water cooler and heater by manufacturing a water tank, a caulk, a silicon tube, and a tube line with
transparent plastic. CONSTITUTION: A sterilization method of a water cooler and a heater transmits
all parts of water cooler and heater through a UV lamp(1) using, a purified-water tank(8), a cold-water
tank(11), a tubing wire(9), a cold water cock(3), a hot water cock(4), a silicon pipe(2), and a
controller(12). The UV lamp enables the increase of ultraviolet transmittanc

PURPOSE: An ultra violet clean sterilization water system is provided to remove harmful bacteria and 1
virus in water in short time through an ultraviolet light emitting diode. CONSTITUTION: An ultra violet
clean sterilization water system(100) includes a body(110), an ultraviolet projection part(120), and a
filter(130). The body includes a power receiving unit on one side and an outlet on the other side. The
body enables feed water to be stayed for a certain time to allow the feed water to receive ultraviolet
ray. An ultraviolet projection unit is installed in the body and is comprised of a circuit board(121) and a
plurality of light emitting diodes(122

PURPOSE: An electrolytic cell for purifying water is provided to make O3 react with an ultraviolet ray
of an ozone lamp in H2O2, O3, and ozone lamps of a DSA(Dimensionally Stable Anode) electrode.
CONSTITUTION: An electrolytic cell for purifying water includes a pair of electrode sets(160) and an
ozone lamp. The ozone lamp is installed on both sides of the electrode sets. H2O2 and O3 are
generated through electrolysis by the electrode sets. O3 is generated in the ozone lamp. An ultraviolet
ray is irradiated from the ozone lamp. OH radical is generated by reaction of H2O2 and O3, O3 of the
ozone lamp, and the ultraviolet ra

PURPOSE: A natural type pond water purification system is provided to purify water inside a pond
without periodically replacing the entire water, by using a circulation method. CONSTITUTION: A
natural type pond water purification system comprises the following: a surface water desalination
unit(10) for desalinating rainwater or fresh water; a moorage unit(20) including natural gravels on the
bottom; an eco-pond(30) with a constant water level, receiving water from the moorage unit; a
purification pond(40) connected to the eco-pond, and formed by laminating a natural gravel layer, a
zeolite layer, and a sand layer; and a purification unit(50) including a zeolite and UV disinfecto

PURPOSE: A nano-sized bubble producing device is provided to generate a nano-sized bubble with a 1
simple structure compare to a conventional device. CONSTITUTION: A nano-sized bubble producing
device comprises the following: a dissolving pump(100) in an impeller type installed on a water
conduit line; a dissolving tank(200) including a spiral pipe; and an auto filter(700) generating nano-
sized bubbles in processing water containing micro-sized bubbles using a mesh type filte

PURPOSE: A water treatment apparatus using a filtration membrane module is provided to stably 1
operate the filtration membrane module by uniformly maintaining the supply amount of air for washing
and filtering. CONSTITUTION: A water treatment apparatus comprises the following: hollow fiber
membrane bundles filtering inflow water, and discharging as filtered water; plural filter membrane
modules(11) including a filtered water discharging unit guiding the filtered water; a suction tank(1)
collecting the guided filtered water by forming the uniform sound pressure to each hollow fiber
membrane bundle; and an air tank(4) supplying washing air to the filter membrane modules through
an air supplying hol
PURPOSE: A polyamide nano filtration membrane with a large amount of water for water purification 1
and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to apply a nano filtration membrane in a high-level
water purification treatment plant, thereby efficiently removing a very small amount of organic matter
and a taste and odor substance. CONSTITUTION: A polyamide nano filtration membrane with a large
amount of water for water purification includes a porous scaffold and a polyamide layer. The
polyamide layer is formed on the surface of the porous scaffold. The polyamide layer is formed by
interfacial polymerization of the second multifunctional aqueous amine solution and multifunctional
acid halogen organic solution. The first multifunctional aqueous amine solution includes meta-
phenylenediamine and piperazine. The third-degree polyamine salt compound and polar solvent are
included in the first multifunctional aqueous amine solution in the second multifunctional aqueous
amine solutio

N/A 1

PURPOSE: An ultra violet-oxidation advanced treatment method capable of removing residual

hydrogen peroxide using chlorine is provided to effectively and economically remove residual
hydrogen peroxide from processing water. CONSTITUTION: An ultra violet-oxidation advanced
treatment method for removing residual hydrogen peroxide using chlorine comprises the following
steps: inserting hydrogen peroxide into inflowing water passing through a UV Reactor; inserting the
chlorine into the processing water passing through the UV Reactor to react the chlorine with the
hydrogen peroxide; and mounting a chlorine density measurement sensor(1) on a pipe for
automatically inserting the chlorine by the density of the chlorine inside the processing wate

PURPOSE: A sterilizer for the water supply using an ultraviolet LED with the self-power generating
function is provided to apply the sterilizer to a system for purifying drinking water. CONSTITUTION: A
sterilizer comprises the following: a sterilizing space(212) using an aluminum reflection plate(204)
processed with the electrolytic polishing method for reflecting ultraviolet rays, to improve the
sterilization efficiency; and a body structure using stainless steel processed with the electrolytic
polishing method, to maximize the contact area with the ultraviolet rays. An electronic circuit of the
sterilizer converts the electricity generated from a micro-electric generator to the specified voltage, for
prevent the self-contamination of the sterilize

PURPOSE: A PVDF based hollow fiber membrane, a producing method thereof, and a water 1
treatment film for a water and sewage treatment process are provided to stably perform a water
treatment process, and to economically treat water. CONSTITUTION: A PVDF based hollow fiber
membrane is formed with a polyvinyliden fluoride group polymer resin, and uses a raw material
composition containing a copolymer with chloride. The copolymer with the chloride is selected from
the group consisting of a vinyl chloride polymer, a polyvinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, and a
polyvinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolyme

PURPOSE: A water purifying tank and a water purifier including thereof are provided to filter micro- 1
dust including carbon particles in water flowing into the water purifying tank, by precipitating or
floating. CONSTITUTION: A water purifying tank capable of removing micro-dust comprises the
following: a tank main body(200) including a main inlet(210) and a main outlet for water; and a micro-
dust filtering unit(300) installed in the inside of the tank main body, for precipitating micro-dust
contained in the water, and filtering the micro-dust before returning the water to the tank main bod
PURPOSE: A filter unit is provided to easily operate and manage the unit with a compact structure, 1
and to perform a first filtering process, a second filtering process, and a purified water generation
process with one filter unit. CONSTITUTION: A filter unit including a filter and a medium assembled in
one body comprises the following: a cylindrical pressure pipe(20) including filter medium
strainers(21,22); a tube filter(30) with micro-pores, filled with activated carbon; the medium(40) filling
the filter inside the pressure pipe; a module upper cap(11) including a feed water inlet(12) and a
backwashing water outlet(13), coupled with the upper side of the pressure pipe; and a module lower
cap(14) including a purified water outlet(15), a backwashing water inlet(17), and an air inlet(16

PURPOSE: A producing method of a beverage using underground salty water is provided to produce 1
the hygienically safe beverage with the excellent taste. CONSTITUTION: A producing method of a
beverage using underground salty water from the coastal area and the island area comprises the
following steps: collecting the underground salty water, and transferring to a filter tower filled with sand
to perform a pre-filtration and an organic material absorption process; micro-filtering or ultra-filtering
the underground salty water to obtain pre-processed underground salty water; passing the pre-
processed underground salty water through an ion exchange membrane to obtain first demineralized
salty water; magnetizing the first demineralized salty water, and sterilizing with the alternating current
high voltage; and filtering the salty water with a reverse osmosis process, and neutralizin

PURPOSE: A water purifying filter system, a method for regenerating the same, and a water purifying 1
apparatus including the same are provided to increase the life expectance of a filter by electro-
chemically sterilizing and regenerating the filter without electrolyte. CONSTITUTION: A water purifying
filter system includes a filter unit(100) and a voltage applying unit(200). The filter unit includes a first
electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are oppositely
arranged. Either of the first electrode or the second electrode is a filter layer. The voltage applying unit
alternately applies a forward voltage and a reverse voltage between the first electrode and the second
electrod

PURPOSE: An artificial ecology mooring pond using terrestrial heat of subsurface water is provided to
maintain the temperature of average 22°C in summer and the temperature of average 12°C in winter.
CONSTITUTION: An artificial ecology mooring pond using terrestrial heat of subsurface water is
constituted as follows. A deep well groove of the underground 100m depth is formed through boring
work. A jet pump connected to an inner pipe for water supply is accepted into an inner protection
pipe(28) of a deep well groove. The water discharged through the jet pump is discharged through a
water pipe(31) to the inside of the pond. The water stagnated in the pond is purified by a ultraviolet
sterilizer(14) and a filter connected to a water purifying pump(16) and a purified water discharge line.
The purified water is discharged to the outer pipe accepted into the protection pipe and is supplied to
the pond again through the inner pipe and the water pipe. A water temperature sensor(18) senses the
water flowing in the pond(10

PURPOSE: A system for processing ballast water is provided to prevent the contamination of a ballast
tank by combining a filter-based physical filtering method and an ultraviolet ray-based sterilizing
method. CONSTITUTION: A filtering part(2) filters ballast water contained in a vessel using a filter. An
ultraviolet ray processing part(3) sterilizes the filtered ballast water using ultraviolet ray. A controlling
part controls the operations of the filtering part and the ultraviolet ray processing part. The filtering part
includes a body, a filter, an automatic cleaning part, and a pressure sensor. The body includes an inlet
and outlet. The automatic cleaning part cleans foreign materials attached to the filter. The pressure
sensor measures the pressures of the inlet and the outlet. The ultraviolet ray processing part includes
a body, an ultraviolet ray lamp, a sleeve pipe cleaning part, an ultraviolet ray meter, and a temperature
senso

PURPOSE: A weak alkaline composition containing nano iron-ion aqueous solution and an apparatus 1
for preparing the same are provided to increase immunity functions with respect to various diseases
by eliminating active oxygen in a human body. CONSTITUTION: A ceramic filter for emitting far
infrared ray and negative ions, a zeolite ceramic filter, a mineral ceramic filter, a metal ion ceramic
filter, and an alkaline ceramic filter are prepared. Raw water is supplied into a raw water bath, the raw
water passes through the filters to prepare weak alkaline reduction water. The weal alkaline reduction
water is collected in a collecting bath(108). A composition in the collecting bath is converted into a
weal alkaline composition containing 15 to 20ppm of alkaline component
PURPOSE: An ultraviolet ray water-treatment apparatus is provided to improve the water treatment
efficiency by forming an inlet tube and an outlet tube inside the apparatus to flow water vertically to a
wafer surface. CONSTITUTION: An ultraviolet ray water-treatment apparatus comprises the following:
a water treatment unit including plural ultraviolet radiating units with ultraviolet light emitting diodes; a
housing main body(110) including the water treatment unit and a hatch; and an inlet tube(120) and an
outlet tube(130) located on both sides of the housing main body. The water treatment unit includes
plural fixing rods for detachably fixing the location of the ultraviolet radiating unit

PURPOSE: Ceramic balls for water treatment are provided to effectively eliminate nitrogen
components, phosphorus components, heavy metal components, and volatile organic compounds by
generating ultraviolet ray and negative ions. CONSTITUTION: A ceramic ball for water treatment
includes 45-60 wt% of minerals, 20-40 wt% of plants-based calcareous materials, and 20-41 wt% of
plants-based siliceous materials. The minerals are composed of 5-10 wt% of pegmatite, 5-10 wt% of
yellow soils, 5-10 wt% of oyster shell, 10-15 wt% of an aluminum oxide, 10-15 wt% of a silicon oxide,
10-15 wt% of zirconium oxide, and 10-15 wt% of germanium. The plants-based calcareous materials
are composed of sintered materials from 1-15 wt% of pine, 5-15 wt% of cryptomeria japonica, and 5-
15 wt% of Quercus serrata. The plants-based siliceous materials are composed of sintered materials
from 5-15 wt% of bamboo, 5-15 wt% of hays, and 5-15 wt% of rice hull

PURPOSE: A water purifying filter and a producing method thereof are provided to easily produce a 1
nano-membrane by applying a polymer pattern transfer technology. CONSTITUTION: A producing
method of a water purifying filter comprises the following steps: coating a first film(220) and a second
film(230) on a first substrate(210); forming a pattern with a constant cycle on the first film; transcribing
the pattern on the first film to a second substrate; removing the first substrate and the first film, and
coating the second substrate transcribed with the pattern with an aquaporine vesicle; and producing a
protecting layer on the second substrat

PURPOSE: An ultra violet sterilizer for water purification is provided to facilitate maintenance and
repair thereof and to improve sterilization by improving exposure of water to ultraviolet ray.
CONSTITUTION: An ultra violet sterilizer for water purification comprises: a housing(110) having a
receiving space; a flow path formation unit(130) arranged in the receiving space in order to divide the
receiving space into a plurality of flow path stages; and a plurality of UV LEDs(140) combined with the
housing in order to ultraviolet ray to water moving along a plurality of flow path stage

PURPOSE: A ballast water processing unit is provided to prevent the secondary pollution of ballast
water by the generation of by-products, and to easily manage and repair the processing unit.
CONSTITUTION: A ballast water processing unit comprises the following: a filtration unit(2) filtering
ballast water collected in a ship using a filter; a vortex generation unit(3) generating an artificial vortex
inside the ballast water; and an ultraviolet processing unit(4) including an ultraviolet lamp for sterilizing
the ballast water discharged from the vortex generation unit. The ballast water processing unit
additionally includes a protective screen for protecting the ultraviolet processing unit by filtering
impurities from the ballast wate

PURPOSE: A water treatment system is provided to secure the long term sterilization and purification
effect by using a mercury free, high power, and electrodeless UV lamp. CONSTITUTION: A water
treatment system comprises the following: a UV sterilizer(2) including an inflow pipe(23) and an
outflow pipe(24) for processing object water, plural UV lamp tubes(21) in the inside, and a super high
frequency generator(22) operating the UV lamp tubes in an electrodeless mode; a turbidity sensor(3)
sensing the turbidity of the processing object water by being installed on the inflow pipe; an E.coli
sensor(4) detecting E.coli contained in purified water passed through the UV sterilizer; and a
controller(5) controlling the output of the UV lamp tube

PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for processing water using radical and ultrasonic waves are
provided to cost-effectively implement a water processing process by compacting machines required
for the water processing process. CONSTITUTION: A fluid transferring region is defined. Both sides of
a stainless steel case are cut. A TiO_2-based absorbent quartz plate is assembled with the cut part of
the stainless steel case. TiO_2 is absorbed in the quartz plate. A water container(302) is formed in
order to seal the entire housing. Water is filled in the water container. Fluid transferring paths are
formed in the water container. An ultrasonic wave vibrator is installed at the lower side of the water
chambe
PURPOSE: An immersion type membrane separating apparatus and a method for driving the same 1
are provided to improve the productivity and omit a separate cassette structure for combining
membrane modules. CONSTITUTION: An immersion type membrane separating apparatus(100)
includes a membrane module case part(300), a diffuser case part(400), and a supplying part. The
membrane module case part includes a plurality of membrane modules(200). The diffuser case part
includes a diffuser(450) with a plurality of air holes. The supplying part includes one conduit in
connection with the diffuser and supplies air into the diffuser. Wasted water in the conduit is
discharged through the diffuse

PURPOSE: An integrated type water treatment apparatus using a filter and an ultraviolet lamp is
provided to prevent the contamination of a storage tank and secondary contamination due to
byproducts. CONSTITUTION: A body(21) includes a water inlet and a water outlet. A filtering part
filters water flowing through the body using a filter. An ultraviolet ray processing part includes
ultraviolet lamps(2311, 231) sterilizing the filtered water using ultraviolet ray. The filtering part and the
ultraviolet ray processing part are arranged in one body and successively implement a filtering
process and a sterilizing proces

PURPOSE: A water treatment method is provided to uniformly disperse pollutants on a hollow fiber 1
membrane for improving the water treatment efficiency using a hollow fiber membrane module.
CONSTITUTION: A water treatment method comprises the following steps: inflowing raw water(1) into
a first flow port(11); discharging the filtered raw water passed through a hollow fiber membrane
through a third flow port(13); inflowing a cleaning solution into the third flow port, and discharging
through a second flow port(12); inflowing the raw water into the second flow port; discharging the
filtered raw water through the third flow port; and inflowing the cleaning solution into the third flow
port, and discharging through the second flow por

PURPOSE: An apparatus for treating water using photo-catalyst is provided to semi-permanently

maintain the life expectancy of the apparatus by collecting and recycling used photo-catalyst.
CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for treating water using photo-catalyst includes a water treating
part(100) and a photo-catalyst circulating part(300). The water treating part exposes fluid from the
outside to ultraviolet ray(120) while being floated on the fluid. The fluid is in direct contact with photo-
catalysts(130) and is sterilized. Sterilized fluid is discharged with the photo-catalyst. The photo-
catalyst circulating part is in connection with the water treating part. The discharged photo-catalysts
and fluid are separated along different flowing paths. A part of the photo-catalysts is collected and is
introduced into the water treating par

PURPOSE: An ultraviolet ray-based treating unit and a water treating apparatus including the same
are provided to effectively treat contaminants and pathogenic microorganism in contaminated raw
water and gas by maximizing the generation of hydroxyl radial. CONSTITUTION: An ultraviolet ray-
based treating unit(50) includes an ultraviolet ray-based treating tank. A hollow sleeve(521) is installed
in the ultraviolet ray-based treating tank. An ultraviolet ray lamp(52) is installed in the sleeve and
radiates ultraviolet ray. An oxygen gas supplying unit supplies oxygen gas into a space between the
sleeve and the ultraviolet ray lamp. An ozone gas supplying unit moves between the sleeve and the
ultraviolet ray lamp and supplies ozone gas generated from the ultraviolet ray into the ultraviolet ray
treating tan

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PURPOSE: An phosphorus removal apparatus is provided to have improved structure to improve 1

phosphorus removal efficiency and to have possibility of running cost reduction. CONSTITUTION: The
phosphorus removal apparatus(1) includes: an phosphorus compound generating unit(100) which
reacts iron ion or aluminum ion with component of phosphorus and forms phosphorus compound, and
includes a first bubbling part(170) promoting the reaction of iron ion or component and aluminium ion;
an membrane filter unit(200) filtering the phosphorus compound generated in the phosphorus
compound generating unit; a compressor(300) supplying the air to the first bubbling part; and a
operational panel(150) which is electrically connected with the phosphorus compound generating unit
and controls metallic ion elution volum
PURPOSE: An clean water processing apparatus in which water treatment efficiency about the entire 1
device is improved is provided to have no extra drain water generated in the separate reverse flushing
water or the back flushing process through the successive circulating flow of the reverse flushing
water and the raw water which filters drain water generated in the process of reverse flushing the
strainer and ultra filtration module through submerged membrane system and circulates to ultra
filtration module again. CONSTITUTION: The clean water processing apparatus includes: a inflow
tank(100) in which raw water is flowed in and stored; a strainer(200) processing by filtering the raw
water which is flown out from the inflow tank for the first time; a line mixer(300) mixing the first
processing water passing through the strainer with coagulant; a ultra filtration module(400) processing
by filtering the first processing water passing through the line mixer for the second time; a water
treatment tank(500) storing the second processed water passing through the ultra filtration module; an
electrolyzed water generating device(600) which generates and supplies the electrolyzed water to
sterilize the first processing water passing through the line mixer; an water quality
instrumentation(700) measuring the water quality state of the second processing water passing
through the ultra filtration module; a flow load conversion valve(800) which selectively converts the
flow direction of the second processing water passing through the ultra filtration module into the inflow
tank or the water treatment tank; and a controller(C) controlling the operation of the flow load
conversion valve according to the measurement result of the water quality instrumentation. The
strainer and ultra filtration module are formed to be reversely flushed by using the second processing
water stored in the water treatment tank as the reverse flushing water. The drain water exhausted in
the back flushing process is filtered through separate submerged membrane system and passes
through the ultra filtration module agai

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[From equivalent US20110163044A1] A ceramic structure for water treatment, a water treatment
apparatus and method are provided. Immersion efficiency of a photo catalyst and a specific surface
area of the immersed photo catalyst can be improved using a ceramic medium including a ceramic
paper prepared of a ceramic fiber. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the water treatment apparatus
and method capable of increasing decomposition efficiency of contaminated materials due to
irradiation of ultraviolet light, and so on, enabling continuous purification treatment, and remarkably
reducing preparation, management and water treatment expenses.

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PURPOSE: A sterilizing apparatus using a storing tank is provided to prevent the generation of
contamination at a final process by being applied to all kinds of water purifiers. CONSTITUTION: A
storing tank(20) includes an input port(21) and an output port(22) and forms a hollow part(25). The
input port is in connection with a water purifier. The output port is arranged at the uppermost side of
the storing tank. A water supplying pump(30) is installed at the input port and pressurizes and
transfers water. A detecting unit detects the water level change of the storing tank. A controlling
unit(50) receives the signal of the detecting unit and supplements water into the storing tank
according to the reduced water level of the storing tank. The ultraviolet lamp(35) of the hollow part is
operated by the controlling uni

PURPOSE: A binary backwashing system using micro nano bubbles is provided to shorten time 1
required for a cleaning process and clean foreign materials from a filter by uniformly distributing air
nano bubbles in the pores of the filter. CONSTITUTION: A washing water pipe(20) supplies nano
bubble water containing nano bubbles to a filter. A nano bubble water generating module supplies the
nano bubble water to the washing water pipe. A washed water discharging pipe(21) discharges
washed water generated after a filter washing process. A venturi injector dissolves air from an air
compressor in washing water. A first valve is arranged in the combination region of a raw water pipe
and the washed water discharging pipe in order to connect the filter with either of the raw water pipe
or the washed water discharging pipe. A second valve is arranged in the combination region of a
purified water pipe and a washed water pipe to connect the filter with either of the purified water pipe
or the washed water pip

PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing mineral concentrates and mineral powder and a filtering 1
apparatus are provided to generate the mineral concentrates and the mineral powder by back-
washing a hollow fiber membrane filter using deionized water. CONSTITUTION: Deep seawater
through a vacuum evaporation process is filtered through a filter. Mineral concentrates are obtained
by separating mineral from the filter by flowing deionized water through the filter. Mineral powder is
obtained by drying the mineral concentrates. A deep seawater inlet(22) and a deionized water
outlet(34) are formed on the upper side of the body of the filter. A deep seawater outlet(24) and a
deionized water inlet are formed on the lower side of the body of the filter. The filter is composed of a
hollow fiber membran

PURPOSE: A producing method of cooking water for food using deep sea water is provided to 1
desalinate the deep sea water for using as the cooking water, and to offer useful minerals to users.
CONSTITUTION: A producing method of cooking water for food using deep sea water comprises the
following steps: heating the deep sea water at 20~30deg C, and filtering the deep sea water using a
sand filtration method, a fine filtration method, an ultra filtration method, or a nanofiltration method;
desalinate the deep sea water using a reverse osmosis filtration method, an electro dialysis method,
an electro extraction method, or a freezing method; processing the desalinated water with alkali
having the pH of 9~11, and removing boron compounds by a reverse osmosis filtration process;
supplying a mineral control agent into the filtrate; inserting the treated water into a treated water
storage tank(1); and applying 0.5~10V voltage to the water for reforming using a constant-voltage
conduction device(3

PURPOSE: A separation film with the patterned surface, a manufacturing method thereof, and a water 1
treatment process using thereof are provided to improve the transmission performance of the
separation film. CONSTITUTION: A separation film with the patterned surface includes a repetitive
pattern formed with unevenness portions on the surface contacting fluid to be treated. The separation
film comprises a porous supporting layer, a middle layer, and a polymer skin layer located on the
upper side of the porous supporting layer. The repetitive pattern is selected from the group consisting
of a pyramid pattern, an embossing pattern, and a prism patter
[From equivalent EP2356078A1] The present invention relates to a device for treating water,
comprising an enclosure having UV radiating means, and catalysts comprising a number of plates
arranged in stacks with a certain distance between them and generally parallel to each other,
characterised in that it further comprises an electric DC power source connectable to said catalysts
such that every second plate of the stack is connected to the plus side of the power source and every
second plate of the stack is connected to the minus side of the power source.

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PURPOSE: A photooxidation treatment equipment of water treatment equipment for manufacturing

semi-conductor device is provided, which can prevent any elution of constituents of the catalyst to
water by coating the catalyst with polymer film, thereby preventing any contamination of the water and
can remove the aromatic organic matter by adsorbing to polymer film and penetrating the film easily
to oxidation react at the catalyst. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) a
photooxidation part(22) that has an inlet and an outlet at the side of the cylinder in which UV lamps
are installed; (ii) UV lamps(20) fixed in the photooxidation part(22) for irradiating UV of a fixed range
of wave length to the pretreated water to oxidize organic matter; and (iii) a catalyst part(30) that is
installed inside the photooxidation part(22) for activating oxidation of organic matte

PURPOSE: A manufacturing equipment of purified water and sterilized water is provided, which can 1
perform three function in an equipment, feed brine to the tap water through an ejector (125) thereby
saving equipment construction cost, control very small amount of brine and remove impurities
contained in the brine by suction filter (123) and remove less than 5% of ion components by
contacting particulate ion exchange resin. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i)
a filtering part that has a valve A (101), a primary filter (102) for removing suspended matter, organic
matter and chlorine residue and a secondary filter (103), an ultra filter, for removing bacteria and
microorganism; (ii) an electrolytic part that has a direct current supply device (111) and electrolytic cell
(112) in which anode and cathode are set and separated by ion exchange membrane; (iii) a brine
supplying part that consists of a brine storage tank (122) for storing relatively high concentration brine
to make 0.05-0.1% of brine and an ejector (125) for feeding brine filtered at a suction filter (122) to
water in pipe; and (iv) a discharge part that consists of a valve D (131) for delivering sterilized acidic
water, valve E (132) for delivering alkali water, a valve G (134) and a valve F (133) for dischargin

PURPOSE: Provided is an automatic method for controlling operation of ultra filtration membrane 1
continuously, which is characterized in that only a part of ultra filtration membrane is operated
according to flow rate, and back-washing pressure is operated automatically. Therefore, ultra filtration
membrane is operated continuously. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of finding an
ultra filtration module of which flux rate is decreased less than a preset level by a flow meter(6)
installed on a filtrate recirculation pipe(205), through which filtrate from ultra filtration module(208,210)
is returned into a recirculation tank(7); and back washing the ultra filtration module of which flux rate is
decreased less than a preset leve

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PURPOSE: Provided is a water treatment apparatus which is equipped with algae removal means by
using ultraviolet rays. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a settling tank(1) on the inner
surface of which a wall(5) is installed to form a weir(7); scum plates(15) which are installed at a
certain interval from each other; a driving means which is equipped in the middle of the bottom of the
settling tank; an upper scraper(9b) driven by the rotation of the driving means; a reflection plate which
is installed at the end of the upper scraper; and UV lamps which are installed on the reflection plate to
irradiate UV on the wei

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PURPOSE: To provide a water purifying device with a photocatalyst sterilizer for discharging the
sterilized and purified water by constantly sterilizing and purifying water in storage tank that is
contaminated or contaminated with the level of water in the storage tank not being influenced.
CONSTITUTION: In a water purifying device with a storage tank for storing purified water before users
use the water, the water purification device comprises a photocatalyst sterilizer for sterilizing the water
by photocatalyst just before the water stored in the storage tank is discharged to the outside of the
water purifying device, the photocatalyst sterilizer comprises a head (41), an outer pipe (42), an inner
pipe (43), a photocatalyst coated supporting body (44) and an ultraviolet ray irradiator (45), the head
is installed at a cover of the storage tank, wherein the outer pipe, inner pipe and ultraviolet ray
irradiator are airtightly fixed to a lower part of the head, the ultraviolet ray irradiator is consisted of an
ultraviolet lamp (45a) and a quartz tube for protecting the ultraviolet lamp, a photocatalyst is coated
on the surface of the photocatalyst coated supporting body insertingly installed a space between the
inner pipe and the quartz tube, the outer pipe is extended toward the bottom surface of the storage
tank so that water in the storage tank is flown into the photocatalyst sterilizer irrespective of the level
of water, water in a lower part of the storage tank is lifted up along a space between the outer pipe
and the inner pipe accordingly so that the water is flows in an input hole (43a) on an upper part of the
inner pipe and sterilized as the water passes continuously through the photocatalyst coated
supporting body installed between the inner wall of the inner pipe and the outer wall of the quartz tube
before the sterilized water is discharged to the outside through a discharge port (43b) on a lower part
of the inner pip

PURPOSE: To provide a membrane module for water treatment, which is able to reduce a 1
manufacturing cost by simplifying a manufacturing process and has an improved structure, thereby
improving a manufacturing efficiency. CONSTITUTION: The membrane module comprising a
membrane assembly (40) including a support body (10) to form a flow path (12), a pair of spacers
(20), each of which is laminated on a front side or a rear side of the support, and a pair of solid-liquid
separation membranes (30), each of which is laminated on the spacer to transmit liquid and solid
having a size of not more than a predetermined size, and a frame (50) that is fixed to circumference of
the membrane assembly and includes an outlet (51) to discharge a fluid in the flow path to the outside
is characterized in that the frame includes many protrusions (11) that are protruded from a front side
and a rear side perpendicular to the front and rear sides, the flow path is a space formed among each
sides of the supporting body, the protrusions and the spacers and the frame further includes upper
side supporting portions on both sides of an upper end and lower side supporting portions on both
side of a lower en

PURPOSE: To provide a water purification system which improves efficiency of electrolysis by 1

minimizing purification of harmful substance and contamination of electrode and improves efficiency
of a membrane and a carrier by using the carrier and the membrane containing photocatalyst, thereby
photo-decomposing harmful substance separated. CONSTITUTION: The system for purifying water
by electrolysis process comprises a reaction tank(100) in which a certain inner space is secured so
that raw water or tap water flown in from a catchment tank is stored in the inner space, and an
ultraviolet lamp(130) is installed in the inner space, which contains a carrier(110) containing
photocatalyst, and in which an ultra-filtration or precision filtration membrane(120) formed of hollow
fiber containing photocatalyst is installed; and an electrolyzer(200) in which an ultrasonic device is
installed, and which is formed on an electrode part to produce acidic water and alkaline water from
treated water passing through a filter unit, wherein the photocatalyst contained in the carrier and the
membrane comprises TiO2 as a principal component, and wherein hollow fiber is used as the carrie
To provide a functional water purification system improved such that the system is capable of purifying 1
raw water into weak alkaline functional drinking water using ceramics and magnets. A functional water
purification system comprises: a sediment filter for removing rust water and suspended solids of tap
water that is a raw water; a pre-carbon filter for removing chlorine and impurities; a ceramic unit
pipe(30) which is divided into respective layers such that weak alkali water is produced by improving
molecules of water, maximizing molecular motion of water and emitting far-infrared rays into water; a
silver carbon filter for suppressing bacteria, eliminating smell and activating water; and a ceramic filter
for removing various harmful substances, wherein the ceramic unit pipe comprises a magnetic
pipe(31) in which permanent magnets(M,M1) are disposed in the upper and lower sides as a N pole
and a S pole, and raw water passes through between the magnets, bio-ceramic balls(32) formed of
serpentinite, tourmaline ceramic balls(33) formed of tourmaline calcined at a high temperature,
alumina ceramic balls(34), natural jet(35), cerasite ceramic balls(36) obtained by firing cerasite ore
having a wavelength band similar to that of the human body, veinstone ceramic balls(37) obtained by
processing veinstone, antibacterial ceramic balls(38), and a magnetic pipe(39) on upper and lower
parts of which permanent magnets are forme

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A water treatment apparatus by using a pulse ultraviolet lamp is provided to decompose peroxide
usefully at the waste water having the high turbidity. The water treatment apparatus includes a
UV(Ultraviolet) reaction cistern(12). A waste water inflow member(10) transmits the waste water
toward the reaction cistern. A waste water discharge member(15) discharges the waste water. A
medicine injection device(11) injects sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide so that
the injected substances decompose the organic matters by the UV. A power supply(13) supplies the
pulse type power into a UV lamp. A control member(14) controls entirely the device

A liquid cleaning and filtering equipment which can prevent contamination of a filtering material due to
bacteria, sterilizes a liquid to be filtered, and can remove impurities from the liquid, and a liquid
cleaning and filtering equipment capable of cleaning the filtering material and ultraviolet sterilizing
lamps are provided. An equipment(10) for cleaning and filtering a liquid comprises: a tank(14) of
which an internal space is divided into upper and lower spaces(12,13) by a partition plate(11) in which
a plurality of openings are formed; a filtering material(20) sequentially accumulated on the partition
plate within the tank; a water supply pipe(31) connected to the tank to supply water to be purified into
the upper space; a drainpipe(32) installed on the tank such that the drainpipe is in communication
with the lower space under the partition plate; backwashing means(35) installed between the water
supply pipe and the drainpipe to clean the filtering material by changing a flow of water; and one or
more ultraviolet sterilizing lamps(51) which are installed on the tank, sterilize water to be purified, and
are cleaned by flowing of the filtering material during backwashin
A method for artificially producing a humic substance mineral complex from the deep-sea water or 1
deep-sea rock floor water and a method for producing pellets of the humic substance mineral complex
using the humic substance mineral complex are provided. A method for producing a humic substance
mineral complex from the deep-sea water or deep-sea rock floor water comprises: heating deep-sea
water or deep-sea rock floor water collected from a depth of 200 m or less to 20 to 30 deg.C, and pre-
filtering the heated deep-sea water or deep-sea rock floor water; adjusting a pH of the filtered water to
4.5 to 6.5, and sending the pH-adjusted water to a reverse osmosis filtering process to send desalted
water to a beverage manufacturing process and send concentrated salt water to a nano-filtering
process; supplying demineralized salt water to a salt manufacturing process, and sending
concentrated mineral water to an evaporation column; counterflow-contacting the concentrated
mineral water with air to evaporate water from the concentrated mineral water, precipitating solids of
CaCO3 and CaSO4 into a lower part of a concentration tank, and discharging the solids to a pH
adjusting tank; adjusting a pH of concentrated mineral water flowing over an upper part of the
concentration tank, magnetizing the pH adjusted concentrated mineral water, sending activated
mineral to a mixer, and agitating and mixing the activated mineral by a mixing agitator to produce a
humic substance mineral complex; and producing a powder type humic substance mineral complex
by aging the humic substance mineral complex in a humic substance mineral complex storehous

A rainwater purifying device and a method thereof are provided to discharge initial rainwater 1
containing a lot of pollutants, floats, gravels and waste for maximizing purifying efficiency. A rainwater
purifying device includes a rainfall meter(10), an initial rainwater draining part(20) connected to the
rainfall meter and formed of a drain motor(23) mounted on a drain valve(22) connected to a rainwater
inlet pipe(21), an initial rainwater outlet part(30) disposed at a lower part of the initial water drain part
for discharging the initial rainwater through a drain path(32) formed with a steel grouting(31) for
filtering impurities contained in the initial rainwater, and a purifying connection valve(40) connected to
the rainwater inlet pipe through connection pipes(41) bypassing the initial rainwater outlet part,
wherein the connection pipes are mounted with at least one or more connection valves(42). A first
purifying part(50) is connected to the connection pipe to be supplied with the rainwater and has a
drain valve(51a) in the center of a lower part, a cylindrical purifying plant(51) formed with supporting
columns(51b) around the drain valve, a mesh type straightener in the purifying plant, and a cover for
opening or closing a top part of the purifying plant. A second purifying part is connected to the first
purifying part through a connection pipe(61b), and has a drain valve(61c) in the center of a lower part,
a fine purifying plant(61) formed with supporting columns(61d) around the drain valve, and vertical
divisional plates formed with a plurality of through-holes and disposed in the fine purifying plant to
define an inside of the fine purifying plant into three spaces, and a cover for opening or closing a top
part of the fine purifying plant. Each of the divided spaces is inserted with a rubble filtering part, a
sand filtering part and a micro organism filtering part in sequence. A reservoir part(70) is connected to
the second purifying part through a connection pipe(71a) and has a reservoir(71) and an overflow
pipe(72

A water filtering composition comprising hafnium oxide and a method thereof are provided to 1
selectively remove nitrate nitrogen, fluoride ions, arsenic ions and sulfuric ions to obtain proper quality
of drinking water according to management standards by using the composition or balls containing
the composition. A water filtering composition comprising hafnium oxide includes 1-5wt% of hafnium
oxide, 4-8wt% of yellow earth for reinforcing adsorption force of the hafnium oxide in the powder state,
and 0.01-1.5wt% of kaolin powder for improving coagulation force in the composition. The hafnium
oxide is separated from a chelate compound prepared from a zirconium compound, a yttrium
compound, or a neodymium compound. A nano hafnium powder is manufactured by crushing the
separated hafnium oxide. A water filtering ball is formed by molding the composition in the shape of
sphere having a diameter in the range from 1 to 10mm, naturally drying the same and carrying out
plastic working to form an inner part in the shape of honeycom
A UV sterilizing system for removing suspended solids from water to be treated and UV sterilizing the
suspended solid removed water to be treated, and a method for producing agricultural reusing water
by sterilizing effluent of a wastewater treatment plant and water of a reservoir and a river using the UV
sterilizing system are provided. A UV sterilizing system for effluent of a wastewater treatment plant
and water of a reservoir and a river comprises: a suspended solid remover(10) consisted of a top
plate, a bottom plate and air nozzles and installed at a sluice entrance; a pump(20) installed in rear of
the suspended solid remover; a main pipe(30) into which water(100) to be treated that is supplied
through the pump is flown; a flow control valve for controlling a flow amount of the water to be treated
that is flown into the main pipe; UV modules(50) comprising a plurality of UV lamps connected to
quartz tubes, and V packings inserted and sealed onto outer portions of the quartz tubes, wherein the
UV modules are arranged in parallel on an upper part of the main pipe; a pumping pipe(60) for
connecting the pump and the main pipe; and a discharge pipe(70) for discharging treated water
sterilized through the UV modules, wherein the UV modules further comprise camera modules for
photographing inner parts of the UV modules to maintain sterilization efficienc

A reverse osmosis water purification system with a water pressure recovery mechanism is provided to 1
reduce energy loss by recovering high pressure raw water pressurized by a high pressure pump and
using again the recovered high pressure raw water in the rotation of a rotary shaft of the high
pressure pump. A reverse osmosis water purification system with a water pressure recovery
mechanism comprises: a high pressure pump(3) for sending or receiving raw water such as
wastewater or seawater; a filter device(4) having a filter membrane(41) for filtering harmful
substances or ions contained in the raw water of high pressure sent or received by the high pressure
pump; a purified water discharge pipe(51) for discharging purified water passing through the filter
membrane of the filter device; a concentrated raw water discharge pipe(42) for discharging
concentrated water that does not pass through the filter membrane; and a water pressure
recoverer(10) connected to the raw water discharge pipe and driven by water pressure of the
concentrated water discharged to drive a rotary shaft of the high pressure pum

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A water treatment equipment which treats water using both ozone and ultraviolet rays, and can
maximize the absorption ratio of ozone by increasing the flow rate of flowing water and generating a
vortex flow in the flowing water at the same time is provided. An equipment for treating water using
ozone and ultraviolet rays comprises: a water current tank(10) comprised of a cylindrical upper
body(10A) which has a water inflow pipe(P1) connected to one side of an upper portion thereof, and
of which a lower side is opened, and a funnel type lower body(10B) which extends downward from the
upper body, and has a water discharge hole(H) formed in a lower end portion thereof; a box-shaped
ultraviolet sterilizing tank(20) in which a plurality of ultraviolet lamps(21) are installed, and which has a
water discharge pipe(P2) connected to an upper portion of the sidewall thereof, and a water inflow
hole(H') formed in a bottom plate(23) thereof; a channel pipe(30) connecting the water discharge hole
of the water current tank and the water inflow hole of the ultraviolet sterilizing tank; and an ozone
injection pipe(40) connected to the water inflow pipe of the water current tank, wherein a spiral rotary
blade(B) is additionally installed on an inner peripheral surface of the lower body of the water current
tan

A combination type ballast water treating system is provided to easily remove harmful underwater
organisms contained in ballast water, thereby preventing environmental pollution due to discharge of
the ballast water. A main body(230) has a filtering unit(110) for filtering ballast water, a cleaning
unit(120) for cleaning the filtering unit using the ballast water, an inflow tube, and an outflow tube. A
UV treatment unit(130) applies UV to the filtered ballast water. An electrolysis unit(140) electrolyzes
the UV-treated ballast water. A controller controls the filtering unit, the cleaning unit, the UV treatment
unit, and the electrolysis unit. The controller drives the filtering unit and the cleaning unit alternately
and continuousl

A functional water purifier is provided to improve the water purifying efficiency, by constituting a photo-
catalyst filter using a photo-catalyst filter device and a UV lamp water purifying device, and to monitor
the filter-exchanged time due to transparent structure of the functional water purifier. A main
body(100) has a transparent window(110) by which the exchanging time of a photo-catalyst filter
device(200) is detected through the naked eye. The photo-catalyst filter device is joined to a UV lamp
water purifying device(300) within the main body. The photo-catalyst filter device has a filtering
member for purifying raw water. The UV lamp water purifying device emits UV rays. A connecting
device(400) is connected to a water valve(10) to supply the raw wate
A water treatment apparatus of an eco-pond is provided to maintain water quality of the eco-pond in
the base state by forcibly circulating rainwater in an eco-pond using power, filtering the rainwater at
least twice, sterilizing or disinfecting the rainwater, and accurately purifying the rainwater, and properly
realize the function of a pleasant and clean ecological part by maintaining a constant level of water in
the eco-pond. A water treatment apparatus of an eco-pond(EP) comprises: an eco-pond into which
collected rainwater is supplied; a circulation pump(11) operated by a control part to circulate forcibly
supernatant of the eco-pond through a line(13) for water to be treated; a first filter(15) installed on the
line for water to be treated to remove relatively large adulterations, earth and sand, and suspended
solids; a second filter(17) installed in rear of the first filter to remove fine turbid components, and
adsorb and remove organic matters, residual chlorine, floating dust, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur
oxides; an advanced oxidation equipment(19) for sterilizing/disinfecting the secondly filtered
supernatant using ultraviolet rays and ozone, and supplying the sterilized/disinfected supernatant into
the eco-pond again; a reservoir(1) for storing the rainwater after removing contaminants from initial
rainwater, collecting the rainwater through a roof or housetop of a building and a separate catchment
means, and removing relatively large adulterations from the rainwater through a contaminant treating
equipment(3); underwater pumps(5) for forcibly transferring rainwater that has stayed in the reservoir
for a predetermined time to replenish the rainwater into the eco-pond through a supplementary water
line(7); and a water level sensor(9) for measuring a water level of the eco-pond to send out a signal to
the control part when water is deficient, and operating the underwater pumps by the control part to
supplement the rainwater into the eco-pon

An apparatus for sterilizing water and wastewater using ultraviolet rays is provided to improve
treatment efficiency of water to be treated by preventing sludge or contaminants from being adhered
to a ultraviolet lamp and maximizing sterilization power. An apparatus(10) for sterilizing water and
wastewater using ultraviolet rays comprises: a treatment tank(20) having a cylindrical internal space;
a ultraviolet lamp module(70) which is installed in the center of the internal space of the treatment
tank such that the ultraviolet lamp module extends vertically to irradiate ultraviolet rays; an inflow
pipe(40) communicated with the internal space of the treatment tank such that water to be treated
flows into the treatment tank; a spiral flow path vibrating means(80) vibrated in both upward and
downward directions by a water current flown in while forming, along a vertical direction, a spiral track
between an inner wall of the treatment tank and the ultraviolet lamp module; an air supply means(60)
for supplying air into the treatment tank; and a discharge pipe for discharging the water to be treated
that has been treated in the treatment tan

An apparatus for purifying first flush is provided to prevent blockade phenomenon of a filter box, to 1
allow the apparatus to be semi-permanently used and to utilize purified water as water for a waterway.
An apparatus for purifying first flush comprises an inlet port(10) through which first flush is introduced
during rainfall. A pre-processing tank(20) filters impurities and solid materials of the first flush
introduced through the inlet port(10). A filter box(30) is provided at the bottom surface of the pre-
processing tank(20) such that the first flush containing micro particles after is filtered after the
impurities and solid materials are filtered through the pre-processing tank(20). A water flow inducing
member is provided at the inner central portion of the filter box(30) to allow the first flush containing
the micro particles to be filtered by rotating force. The pre-processing tank(20) is provided with a
wedge wire screen that filters the impurities and solid materials of the first flus

A method and an apparatus for sterilization and purification of ballast water are provided to prevent 1
various contaminations of seawater(or freshwater) due to discharge of ballast water by effectively
sterilizing ballast water stored into a ship or discharged from the ship, and maximize economic
efficiency and utilization efficiency by effectively sterilizing ballast water using compact and
inexpensive equipment. In an apparatus for sterilization and purification of ballast water of a ship,
which sterilizes the purified ballast water using ultraviolet rays irradiated from a sterilization unit while
supplying the purified ballast water through a pipe after separating and filtering organic and inorganic
floating foreign materials from ballast water by circulating ballast water of a ship to a centrifuge, the
apparatus comprises a micro-bubble supply unit(50) connected to the pipe to supply micro-bubbles
into ballast water, the micro-bubbles being formed by oxygen of a micro-unit at a position
corresponding to the previous step of the sterilization unit. The micro-bubble supply unit includes: an
oxygen pipe(56) formed at the center of a fluid that is accelerated and supplied by a fluid
accelerator(55) to supply a large amount of oxygen into the fluid; and a physical property-changing
part(60) which is made from a metallic mineral having magnetism intensity, and through which the
oxygen-supplied fluid passes to generate micro-bubbles by changing physical properties of the fluid
and displacing the molecular structure of the fluid. The physical property-changing part comprises
tourmaline(61), neodymium(62), cerium(63), samarium(64), and a plurality of pins(65
An apparatus for purifying live fish-water is provided to treat a large amount of live fish-water by
allowing filter fabrics to purify live fish-water biologically in a process of flowing live fish-water in a
zigzag shape, and construct the apparatus in a compact structure and easily perform fabrication,
repairing and maintenance of the apparatus by optimizing supply structure of live fish-water,
discharge structure of purified water and assembly structure of filter fabric panels. An apparatus for
purifying live fish-water using a biological filtering tunnel comprises the filtering tunnel including: a
filtering tunnel casing(10) of which an inner space is laterally divided into a plurality of independent
spaces by vertically installed partitions(19); filter fabric panels(20) inserted in a zigzag shape between
the partitions along the height direction of the casing to divide inner spaces between the partitions into
a plurality of layers in which channels are formed in a zigzag shape by the respective filter fabric
panels; and filter fabrics(21) fixed to bottom faces of the respective filter fabric panels and
impregnated with microorganisms for biological purification of live fish-water, wherein live fish-water
distributing holes(19a) are formed in lower parts of the partitions to distribute live fish-water flown into
the casing from a live fish-water inflow pipe(15) connected to a front wall body(11) of the filtering
tunnel casing into the spaces between the partitions, and a purified water discharge part(18) is formed
in an upper portion of the front wall body such that a purified water discharge pipe(17) extends from
the purified water discharge part. Further, a UV sterilization lamp is installed inside purified water
discharge par

A water treatment system using a metal foam for managing fry and fishes is provided to improve
quality of water by eliminating strains of Pseudomonas fluorescence bacteria and Aeromonas
hydrophila bacteria that cause a largest problem in the production of fry, and enable the metal foam to
be used continuously by simply cleaning and heating a metal foam with high efficiency. A water
treatment system supplies contaminated water into a filtration filter installed in a filtration unit by a
pump(10) to pass the contaminated water through the filtration unit in predetermined steps to filter the
contaminated water. The water treatment system which uses a metal foam for managing fry and
fishes comprises: a first filtration unit(20) including a filtration filter(21) through which the
contaminated water supplied by the pump passes; a second filtration unit(30) including a filtration
filter(31) for filtering primarily filtered contaminated water supplied through a connection pipe(22)
connected to the first filtration unit, and a carbon filter(32) installed in the center of the second filtration
unit to filter the contaminated water passing through the filtration filter(31); and a third filtration
filter(40) including a filtration filter(41) for filtering secondly filtered contaminated water supplied
through a connection pipe connected to the second filtration unit, a discharge pipe(42) to which the
filtered contaminated water is supplied through a metal foam in the center of the third filtration filter,
and a UV lamp(43) with which the contaminated water supplied from the discharge pipe comes in
contac

An outdoor type water purifier is provided to filter raw water inputted form water works to obtain clean 1
water easily even without boiling tap water or an indoor type water purifier, by using a ceramic filer
having a lamination structure of filter layers. A water meter meters a flow of water to imposing a water
utility rate to a user. A filter(2) is connected to the water meter to filter the water. A filer alarm senses a
state of the filter. A water rate data wireless transmitter is connected to the filter to transmit water rate
data according to the flow of used water. The filter is mounted on a water feed pipe to remove taste,
odor, bacteria contained in the water. The filter has a lamination structure of a carbon layer(201), a
ceramic layer(202), an antibiotic layer(203), and a fine ceramic layer(204), which are sequentially
laminated from abov

A water purification system is provided to filter off, adsorb, and disinfect pathogenic bacteria, virus, 1
organic materials, and smell and taste-inducing materials contained in raw water efficiently, by using a
micro-filtration unit and a hybrid unit with a disinfecting member. A water purification system comprises
a raw water supply unit(9), a reducing unit(2) for reducing the hydraulic pressure of the raw water, a
micro-filtration unit(3) for filtering off polluted materials contained in the raw water, a hybrid unit(4)
having a hybrid member for filtering off, adsorbing, and disinfecting polluted materials comprising
pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals, dissolved organic materials, and carcinogenic materials, a
purification water storage tank(5) for storing purification water treated by the hybrid unit, and a
purification water supply unit. The hybrid member includes a disinfecting unit having a UV lamp,
wherein the disinfecting unit is installed in the middle of a perforated purification pipe within a carbon
filer of an activated carbon filtration unit, which is disposed in a reacting space of the hybrid uni
An improved adhesion structure between a membrane unit and membrane module frames is provided 1
to improve adhesion properties between the frames and the membranes and improve durability of a
membrane module itself by improving adhesion structure between membranes and membrane
module frames. As a membrane module comprising: a membrane unit including a supporting
body(110) disposed in the center, a pair of spacers(120) laminated on both side faces of the
supporting body, and membranes(130) for water treatment which are laminated on outer faces of the
spacers, and by which actual separation of water is performed; and frames(210,220,230) adhered to
the edge of the membrane unit, the membrane module is characterized in that grooves(270) are
formed in outer sides of the membrane module frames to receive corner ends of the membranes, and
the membranes are solidly adhered to the membrane module frames by an adhesive in a state that
the ends of the membranes are inserted in the grooves of the membrane module frame sid

A ceramic filtration filter for water purification coated with photocatalyst and silver powder is provided
to allow users to drink cleaner drinking water by proceeding a filtration process several times in one
filter, enable the filter or lamps to be placed at right time by properly grasping the exchange time of a
filter or lamps, and reduce maintenance and repairing costs by easily exchanging the filter or lamps.
In a filtration filter for purifying drinking water, a ceramic filtration filter for water purification coated with
photocatalyst and silver powder is characterized in that the filtration filter comprises: a filter
housing(10) which is formed in a predetermined shaped cylindrical body, which has a raw water
inlet(13) installed on a bottom face thereof, of which a top face is opened, and which has a UV lamp
or an LED lamp installed on an outer peripheral surface thereof; a hollow first filter body(20) which is
inserted into the filter housing, and of which an inner peripheral surface is coated with a photocatalyst;
a partition screen(30) which covers an upper opening of the first filter body, and in which a
predetermined number of water-passing holes(33) are formed to discharge drinking water passing
through the inner peripheral surface of the first filter body; a hollow second filter body(40) of which a
lower portion is fitted onto a lower end sealing element(36) projected to a predetermined height from
an upper face of the partition screen; and a transparent pipe(50) which has an upper end sealing
element formed on an inner upper face thereof and projected downward to a predetermined length
such that an upper portion of the second filter body is fitted into the upper end sealing element, on
which a raw water outlet(53) is formed to discharge raw water passing through a central part of the
second filter body, and which is integrally assembled with the filter housing. Further, a thread of a
screw is formed on a circumference surface of the raw water inlet and the raw water outle

A lake purification system is provided to suppress eutrophication of a lake by continuously treating

water of the lake through oxygen supply and photocatalytic aeration and by adsorbing phosphorous
and nitrogen from water of the lake by using a filter media comprising shell. A lake purification system
comprises: an inflow part(120) having a filter media layer(130) for filtering raw water of a lake; an
oxygen generator(110) for generating oxygen with a high purity and supplying the high purity oxygen
into the raw water; a raw water transfer pump(150) for imparting pressure to the oxygen-supplied raw
water; a photocatalytic aerator(160) for purifying raw water discharged from the raw water transfer
pump by using ultraviolet rays and a photocatalyst; an oxygen dissolver(170) for dissolving oxygen
supplied together with the raw water that has been purified by the photocatalytic aerator into the raw
water to increase dissolved oxygen in the raw water; and a discharge part(180) including a filter
media layer for filtering the raw water that has passed through the oxygen dissolver and flowing the
filtered raw water again into the lake. The oxygen dissolver has a flexible tube coiled around thereon
in a cylindrical shape. The filter media layer contains a filter media comprising shell, ocher, and zeolit
A filtration apparatus for purifying and sterilizing water is provided to purify muddy water efficiently, by
performing a first filtration process through a mesh plate, a second filtration process through a porous
filtration member, and a sterilization process through a UV sterilizer. A first mesh plate(2) is detachably
placed in a filter housing(1), wherein the first mesh plate has a case type. A porous filtration
member(3) is placed within the first mesh plate. An input pipe(5) for purification is connected to one
side of the first mesh plate. Muddy water of a pond or hydraulic facilities is inputted into an apparatus
through the input pipe. A discharge pipe(6) for purification is connected to the other side of the first
mesh plate. Water filtered in the apparatus is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe. A
first control valve(7) is installed at the input pipe. A second control valve(8) is installed at the discharge
pipe. A UV sterilizer(9) is installed at the discharge pipe to sterilize the filtered water. A first water jet
nozzle discharge pipe(10) is installed at an upper end and a lower end within the porous filtration
member. A plurality of water jet nozzles are installed at the first water jet nozzle discharge pipe. The
first water jet nozzle discharge pipe is used to wash the porous filtration member and improve filtering
efficiency. Further, a second mesh plate comprised of mesh material having smaller holes than those
of mesh material of the first mesh plate is additionally contained in the filtration apparatu

An apparatus for purifying water is provided to improve the efficiency in purification of the water
efficiently and reduce the purification cost of the water, by using peroxy radicals and ozone. An
apparatus for treating water comprises an ozone generator, an ozone injector for injecting ozone into
raw water, and a peroxy radical treatment unit(140) for generating peroxy radicals through a photo-
catalytic reaction of the raw water and removing pollutants contained in the raw water by using the
peroxy radicals. The peroxy radical treatment unit includes a photocatalyst used for the photo-catalytic
reaction, at least one UV lamp(143) for emitting UV used for the photo-catalytic reaction, a
reactor(144) where the photo-catalytic reaction is performed on the raw water containing the ozone,
and at least one induction plate(146). The induction plate increases a contact area between the raw
water containing the ozone and the photo-catalyst, thereby improving the efficiency of the photo-
catalytic reaction. The induction plate is diagonally positioned in a space between one surface of the
reactor and an inner wall of the peroxy radical treatment unit. Further, the photo-catalyst has
nanotube shape and is titanium dioxid

A water treatment apparatus utilizing the advanced oxidation process is provided to mix ozone and
raw water smoothly in a raw water supply pipe by using a simple device, maximize sterilizing and
purifying powers by irradiating ultraviolet rays onto the entire dissolved ozone water and accelerating
the generation of OH-radicals, and treat a large quantity of raw water by employing plural ultraviolet
lamp units. A water treatment apparatus utilizing the advanced oxidation process comprises: a
reaction tank(10) of which an inner space is divided into an air inflow chamber(S1), an ozone
discharge chamber(S2), and a water treatment chamber(S3) between the air inflow chamber and the
ozone discharge chamber; an air injection pipe(24) connected to the air inflow chamber in a way that
air flows into the air inflow chamber by an air pump; an inflow pipe(20) and a circulation pipe(22)
connected to the water treatment chamber to flow water into the water treatment chamber or
discharge water from the water treatment chamber; an ozone discharge pipe(26) which is connected
from the ozone discharge chamber to the inflow pipe to inject ozone generated in the reaction tank
into the ozone discharge chamber, and of which an end portion is inclined as much as an inclination
angle in the water flowing direction relative to a central line of the inflow pipe based on the vertical
cross section of the ozone discharge pipe; and at least one ultraviolet lamp unit(40) which is
connected between the air inflow chamber and the ozone discharge chamber, and which generates
ozone by irradiating ultraviolet rays onto the air flown into the air inflow chamber to supply the
generated ozone into the ozone discharge chamber. Further, the ultraviolet lamp unit contains a
transparent pipe and a UV lamp installed in the transparent pip
An apparatus for treating water of a carp fishing ground is provided to purify and filter water of the
carp fishing ground by attaching microorganisms to waved yarns of waved yarn filters mounted on a
first filter tank, a settling tank and a second filter tank, allow the settling tank and the second filter tank
to settle and refilter waste matters flown from the first filter tank, and finally sterilize water in a
sterilizing tank. An apparatus for treating water of a carp fishing ground(91) comprises: a first filter
tank(51) having a first inflow pipe(21) formed on an upper portion of one side thereof, a first drainage
canal(52) formed on a bottom part of the other side thereof, and first and second fixing bars(22)
formed on top and bottom parts within a water tank, wherein the first and second fixing bars are
inserted into circular rings(32) mounted on one and the other ends of a waved yarn filter in which
plural strands of waved yarns(31) are fixed to a yarn fixing bar made by twisting two wires; a settling
tank(61) having a first inflow channel(62) formed on an upper portion of one side thereof, a second
drainage canal(63) formed on a bottom part of the other side thereof, and first and second fixing bars
formed on top and bottom parts within a water tank, wherein the first and second fixing bars are
inserted into circular rings mounted on one and the other ends of a waved yarn filter in which plural
strands of waved yarns are fixed to a yarn fixing bar made by twisting two wires; a second filter
tank(71) having a second inflow channel(72) formed on an upper portion of one side thereof, a third
drainage canal(73) formed on a bottom part of the other side thereof, and first and second fixing bars
formed on top and bottom parts within a water tank, wherein the first and second fixing bars are
inserted into circular rings mounted on one and the other ends of a waved yarn filter in which plural
strands of waved yarns are fixed to a yarn fixing bar made by twisting two wires; a sterilizing tank(81)
which has a third inflow channel(82) formed on an upper portion of one side thereof, a fourth drainage
canal(85) formed on a bottom part of the other side thereof, and on which a UV fluorescent lamp(83)
and a reflection plate(84) are mounted to sterilizing flowing water by ultraviolet rays; and a finishing
ground inflow channel(92) for supplying water passing through the fourth drainage canal into the carp
fishing groun

A system and a method for desalinating brackish water simply without requiring expensive equipment
are provided. A desalination system of brackish water comprises: an inflow tank(1) into which brackish
water of a river flows; a brackish water tank(2) connected to the inflow tank to desalinate brackish
water flown in from the inflow tank; a salt decomposing system(6) connected to the brackish water
tank to electrolyze brackish water flown in from the brackish water tank; an underground water
tank(12) which is connected to the brackish water tank, and which stores underground water supplied
to dilute brackish water of the brackish water tank; a reusing water storage tank(3) connected to the
brackish water tank to store desalinated brackish water flown in from the brackish water tank; a
filtering and disinfecting system connected to the reusing water storage tank to filter and disinfect the
desalinated brackish water; and a control box(18) connected to the inflow tank, the brackish water
tank, the salt decomposing system, underground water tank, and the reusing water storage tank. The
filtering and disinfecting system includes a filter(4) and an ultraviolet module(5). Further, the brackish
water tank contains an inflow pump connected with the salt decomposing system, a fan outside the
brackish water tank and an air diffuser inside the brackish water tan
A production system of acidic anion water is provided to obtain acidic anion water with a constantly
maintained acidity, use the precipitate for a long time by sterilizing and disinfecting a precipitate
produced by ion water, and produce acidic ion water easily by producing acidic ion water through a
simple production structure. A production system of acidic anion water comprises: a water tank(100)
which is connected to a water pipe, and which has an ultraviolet lamp(101) mounted on an upper
inner part thereof; a tap water injection pipe(110) for transferring tap water of the water tank; an ion
water production apparatus(200) in which a plurality of electrolyzer anode chambers are arranged,
each of the electrolyzer anode chambers including a body block having a tap water inlet formed on a
bottom face thereof, and an acidic water outlet and an alkaline water outlet formed on a top part
thereof, mesh type electrode plates formed within the body block in a way that the mesh type
electrode plates face each other, a plurality of spacers each of which is formed in front of a front
electrode plate, inserted between the front and rear electrode plates, and formed in rear of a rear
electrode plate, a cover block bolted to a front face of the body block, and a power supply part for
supplying a power to the mesh type electrode plates; an acidic ion water transfer pipe(210) joined with
an acidic water transfer end from the outside of the ion water production apparatus; an anion release
tank(300) having the acidic ion water transfer pipe connected to an upper portion thereof, an
ultraviolet lamp installed thereon, and a porous case containing kiyoseki stone installed therein; a first
circulating pipe(310) connected to a bottom part of the anion release tank to circulate acidic ion water
produced in the anion release tank; a second circulating pipe(320) which is connected to the bottom
part of the anion release tank, and which has a pump(325) mounted on a middle part thereof; an
acidic ion water storage tank(400) of which the other end is connected to the first circulating pipe,
which is connected to the other end of the second circulating pipe, and on which a valve(410) is
installed to adjust the discharge of acidic anion water; and a water purifier(500) which is connected to
an alkaline water transfer end, and on which a water purification filter(225) is mounted to purify
alkaline ion wate

A system and a method for water treatment are provided to treat sewage and wastewater efficiently at 1
a low cost, simultaneously make it not necessary to replace or maintain and manage a membrane
frequently and enable a membrane with relatively large pores to be used by reducing membrane
fouling to the maximum, and reduce the generation of sludge by reducing the consumption of a
flocculant. A water treatment system comprises: front filtration equipment(10); a micro-bubble
generating unit(20) installed in rear of the front filtration equipment; a gas injection unit(30) for
supplying gas to the micro-bubble generating unit; a reaction tank(40) which is installed in rear of the
micro-bubble generating unit, and on which a DBD(Dielectric Barrier Discharge) part is installed; a
high voltage pulse power generator(50) connected to the reaction tank; and rear filtration
equipment(60) installed on the reaction tank. The micro-bubble generating unit includes a filter
housing(21), a gas inlet(22) formed on an outer portion of the filter housing, and a micro-filter
disposed within the filter housing. The gas injection unit is a device for supplying gas at a
predetermined pressure using a compressor, a venturi tube and the like to control the amount of gas
supplied through a gas amount control valve(31

A centrifugal separation type desalination system is provided to improve water treatment efficiency by 1
primarily removing various alien substances contained in raw water, thereby preventing fouling from
generating in a filtering membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane. In a desalination system for
collecting raw water and filtering the raw water, a centrifugal separation type desalination system
comprises: a pre-treatment part(10) for performing a pre-treatment process of filtering alien
substances in the raw water collected from a drinking water source(21); and a fresh water treatment
part(50) for treating the raw water that has been pre-treated in the pre-treatment part into fresh water
by a reverse osmosis membrane module(53), wherein the pre-treatment part includes a centrifugal
separation type filter(100) for generating a spiral flow in raw water supplied through a raw water
line(37) to filter primarily alien substances from the raw water by a specific gravity difference, an
automatic pressure type filter(31) for secondly filtering alien substances from the primarily filtered raw
water by a filtering material, and a micro-filter(33) for thirdly filtering residual alien substances and
microorganisms from the secondly filtered raw water by a filtering membrane, and wherein the
centrifugal separation type filter includes a cylindrical body, an inflow pipe, a spiral guiding vane, a
settling part, a sediment discharge pipe, a conical sediment flotation preventing partition, a blocking
partition, a cylindrical filter mesh, a drain pipe, and a plurality of settling induction plate
N/A 1

An agricultural water treatment apparatus is provided to utilize the irrigation water or river water as
clean agricultural water by removing suspended solids and microorganisms contained in irrigation
water or river water, and a method for converting irrigation water or river water into agricultural reusing
water using the apparatus is provided. An agricultural water treatment apparatus comprises: an inflow
pump(7) for flowing agricultural water into the apparatus; a filter unit(20) for removing suspended
solids contained in the agricultural water that has been flown in by the inflow pump; a storage tank(1)
including a ultraviolet module(2) for sterilizing the agricultural water from which the suspended solids
have been removed by the filter unit and a level switch(3) for sensing a level of agricultural water; a
feed pump(12) connected to the storage tank to feed the agricultural water that has been treated in
the storage tank to farmland; a cleaning valve(5) connected to the storage tank to supply the
agricultural water that has been treated in the storage tank as cleaning water; a cleaning stand(6) for
collecting the agricultural water that has been used as the cleaning water; a zero discharge tank(25)
including a carbon filter(11) for removing alien substances from agricultural water that has been
collected in the cleaning stand; a strainer(10) for filtering agricultural water that has been treated in
the zero discharge tank to discharge the filtered agricultural water; and a control box(4) for controlling
operations of the inflow pump, storage tank, feed pump, and zero discharge tan

A method for manufacturing a microporous microfiltration membrane is provided to obtain the size of 1
pores with constant molecular weight cutoff by adding an organic sulfonic acid as a solidifying catalyst
while using a swelling agent, and maintain a high porosity and obtain various average pore sizes by
adding the swelling agent. In a manufacturing method of a microfiltration membrane by a solvent-
nonsolvent displacing phase transition method, a method for manufacturing a microporous
microfiltration membrane comprises: a solution preparing step of mixing a polymer resin, a solvent, a
swelling agent, and an organic sulfonic acid solidifying catalyst to prepare a polymer solution; a
phase-transition step of casting the solution to a thickness of 150 to 300 mum on a supporting layer,
and immersing the solution that has been cast onto the supporting layer into a nonsolvent of a
solidification tank to solidify a polymer resin; a cleaning step of cleaning the solidified polymer resin
with water of a cleaning tank to separate the polymer resin from the supporting layer; and a drying
step of removing excess water from the polymer resin and drying the polymer resin. The solution
preparing step is performed by injecting a mixture of a polymer resin, a solvent, a swelling agent, and
an organic sulfonic acid solidifying catalyst into a dissolving tank, dissolving the mixture at a
temperature of 60 deg.C, cooling the dissolved solution to a temperature of 40 deg.C, filling the
dissolving tank with nitrogen, and reducing pressure of the dissolving tank for at least 4 hours to
remove bubbles in the solution sufficientl

A method and an apparatus for the preparation of drinking water containing vanadium in high 1
concentration are provided to prepare drinking water that is consistent with a standard of the drinking
water, contains vanadium in high concentration, and further contains silica in high concentration. An
apparatus for the preparation of drinking water in which vanadium is concentrated comprises: a raw
water tank(10); a temperature measuring gauge(20) for measuring temperature of raw water; a feed
pump(30) for feeding raw water to the micro-filter filtration part; a micro-filter filtration part(40); a
pressurizing pump(50) for controlling pressures of reverse osmosis membranes; a raw water flow
meter(60) for measuring the flow amount of raw water supplied to the reverse osmosis membranes; a
reverse osmosis membrane filtration part(70) for concentrating vanadium of raw water; a permeate
mixing tank(130) for collecting permeate discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane filtration
part; an ultrafiltration membrane or activated carbon filtration part(140) for removing microorganisms
and harmful substances of concentrate water; and a concentrate water storage tank(150) for
collecting concentrate water discharged from the reverse osmosis membrane filtration part. The
apparatus comprises 3 to 6 reverse osmosis membrane filtration parts(70,80,90,100,110,120). The
reverse osmosis membrane filtration parts include reverse osmosis
membranes(71,81,91,101,111,121), adjusting valves(72,82,92,102,112,122), concentrate water
pressure gauges(73,83,93,103,113,123), concentrate water flow meters(74,84,94,104,114,124), and
permeate flow meters(75,85,95,105,115,125
A water purification system comprising an auxiliary reverse osmosis membrane filter is provided to 1
minimize contamination of purified water due to ion exchange with raw water or concentrated water,
and to minimize the concentration value of contaminants included in purified water initially discharged,
thereby obtain reliability from users. A water purification system comprising an auxiliary reverse
osmosis membrane filter comprises: at least one pre-treatment filter(1) in which raw water flows; a
reverse osmosis membrane filter(3) filtering foreign materials included in raw water flown in from the
pre-treatment filter to separately discharge purified water and concentrated water; an auxiliary reverse
osmosis membrane filter(13) installed on a branch pipeline(12) branched off from a pipeline between
the pre-treatment filter and the reverse osmosis membrane filter; and first and second valves(14,15)
respectively installed on the pipeline and branched pipeline to close or open the pipeline and
branched pipeline when signals applied to the first and second valves from the outsid

An apparatus and a method of treating underground water for livestock drinking are provided to allow
acidity of purified underground water to maintain a weak alkaline acidity that is good for livestock
rearing. An apparatus of treating underground water for livestock drinking comprises: a filter tank(10)
filtering underground water injected into the filter tank through activated carbon(11) filled in the filter
tank; an ionization tank(20) comprised of a double pipe(21) which is coated with platinum, through
which DC electricity flows, and which automatically converts a polarity of anode or cathode according
to the set time to ionize underground water injected into the ionization tank through the ionization; a
sterilization tank(30) including two ultraviolet lamps(31) vertically installed to sterilize the underground
water by irradiating ultraviolet rays onto underground water injected into the sterilization tank; and an
additive filling tank(40) which is installed on a pipe(24) moving the sterilized underground water, and
which has an outlet formed on one side thereof such that a pump(42) is installed on a front end of the
outlet to inject the aqueous silicate solution into a pipe(43) by pumping a fixed quantity of an aqueous
silicate solution filled in the additive filling tan

An environmentally friendly apparatus is provided to improve desalination efficiency by driving a high 1

pressure pump using natural energy. A reverse osmosis type desalination apparatus(10) using wind
force is characterized in that raw water with a high salinity is pumped by a raw water supply unit, the
pumped raw water is stored in a pressurizer(40), the raw water is supplied to a pre-treatment
device(50) at a fixed pressure by the pressurizer to filter foreign materials, the pre-treated raw water is
supplied to a reverse osmosis device(60) separating salt from the raw water by membranes to obtain
freshwater, a rotary high pressure pump(30) is used as the raw water supply unit, and the high
pressure pump is driven by receiving power from a rotary shaft(70) linked to a windmill(20

An air scrubber using an aquarium is provided to have air cleaning function, water purifying function,
to dissolve, remove and sterilize effectively contamination materials, to be used at theater, department
store, offices, bank and so on and to lower naturally temperature of indoor. An air scrubber using an
aquarium contains a main body member(10) in which a water receiving portion(12) is formed, a
lighting part(20) emitting a light in the water receiving portion and positioned in a top side of a main
body member, a water cleaning part(30) which is prepared inside the main body member and purifies
water, a cooling fan(40) fixing a UV lamp(44) to an internal center axis, rotator(50) absorbing dust and
planktobacteria in a surface, a filter medium(60) stored at a lower part of a rotator(50) and an outlet
port(70) passing away the water cleaned up to the bottom of the water receiving portio

A non-contact type ultraviolet water treatment apparatus is provided to increase decomposition

performance and sterilization efficiency of contaminants by forming a gas layer between a ultraviolet
lamp and contaminated water to be treated and maintaining a non-contact state between the
ultraviolet lamp and the contaminated water to be treated, thereby increasing transmittance of
ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp, and a water treatment method using the same is provided. A
non-contact type ultraviolet water treatment apparatus(100) comprises a housing(110), a ultraviolet
lamp(120), a gas layer(130), a water level sensor(140), and a gas supply pipe(150). The housing has
its bottom face opened. The ultraviolet lamp is installed within the housing. The ultraviolet lamp
generates ultraviolet rays. The gas layer protects the ultraviolet lamp to prevent the ultraviolet lamp
from being brought into contact with the surface of the water. The water level sensor maintains the
water level constantly by sensing a water level within the housing and controlling the supply amount
of gas, thereby constantly maintaining the gas layer. The gas supply pipe is connected to the housing
to supply the gas into the housin
A system and a method for water purification are provided to purify water economically and efficiently
by measuring ultraviolet absorbance in real-time, and adopting a filtration membrane as a final
treatment process if treated water has good quality and additionally performing a granular activated
carbon treatment process if the treated water has deteriorated quality, thereby changing a flow path in
real-time. An advanced water purification system using ultraviolet absorbance comprises a chemical
mixing tank(1), a slow stirring flocculation tank(2), a setting tank(3), a membrane filter tank(4), a
packed tower(5), a treated water storage tank(6), a ultraviolet detector(10), and a flow path changing
valve(9). The chemical mixing tank includes a stirrer(7) stirring a flocculant and influent. The slow
stirring flocculation tank receives the influent stirred with the flocculant in the chemical mixing tank to
increase the size of particles flocculated. The settling tank settles floc produced in the slow stirring
flocculation tank using gravity to remove the floc. The membrane filter tank has a filtration
membrane(8) dipped thereinto such that influent received from the settling tank passes through the
filtration membrane. The packed tower is filled with granular activated carbon. The treated water
storage tank stores treated water that has been purified. The ultraviolet detector measures ultraviolet
absorbance values of the treated water stored in the treated water storage tank. The flow path
changing valve changes a flow path according to the ultraviolet absorbance values measured in real-
time by the ultraviolet detector. The flow path changing valve send the influent passing through the
membrane filter tank directly to the treated water storage tank, or to the treated water storage tank
after passing the influent through the packed towe

A drain-free system for the production of distilled water is provided to minimize the consumption of 1
water, and to enable high quality experiments to be carried out by producing ultra-pure water
maintaining a resistance value of 18.3 MФ. A drain-free system for the production of distilled water
comprises a filter unit, a distiller(20), a cooler(30), and a pure water storage tank. The filter unit filters
alien substances contained in tap water. The distiller boils tap water filtered by the filter unit. The
cooler condenses water vapor supplied from the distiller to produce pure water. The pure water
storage tank stores the pure water produced by cooling and condensing the water vapor in the cooler.
The drain-free system for the production of distilled water produces ultrapure water by passing the
pure water in the pure water storage tank through a ultrapure water filter and a capsule filter by a
pump. The drain-free system for the production of distilled water has its entire operation controlled in
a control part. The drain-free system for the production of distilled water further comprises a water
supply control unit(A) and a water circulation unit(B). The water supply control unit is positioned on a
line supplying tap water into the distiller to control the amount of the tap water supplied into the
distiller. The water circulation unit is positioned on a line supplying the tap water into the cooler to
circulate the replenished tap water after replenishing tap water as much as the evaporation amount of
tap wate

A filter device for a water-cleaner is provided to purify water firstly and secondly, to remove foreign 1
materials having particles dissolved in water particle firstly and to deoxidize water passing through the
first and the second purifying processes to alkaline water. A filter device for a water-cleaner(10)
contains: a water-purifying part(100) for firstly cleaning water by absorbing foreign materials contained
in the water through micro hollows and secondly the cleaned water using a natural filtration unit(130);
and a reducing part(200) for storing the water purified by the natural filtration unit, reducing water
purified by a reduction cartridge(220) installed in a floor of the second case to alkaline water and
circulating the reduced water stored in the second case through a cyclic unit. The water-purifying part
comprises a porous filter and a drainage cas

A micro algae and micro organism separating and concentrating system is provided to minimize 1
contamination of a film in progressing enrichment process by being operated in mild condition
compared with existing press process and to prevent a pump and a concentrate from being directly
contacted. A micro algae and micro organism separating and concentrating system comprises a
culture tub(1), a first sludge thickener(5), a second sludge thickener(6), a cleansing water tank(2) for
desalination, a filter liquor tank(3), a chemistry cleaning tank(4) and an air compressor(12). A feeding
valve(22) and a flow metering valve(20) are combined in a supply tube(40) outside the culture tub. All
kinds of micro algas or microorganisms are cultivated in the culture tub and culture fluid is supplied to
the first sludge thickene
A desalination system for removing salt from brackish water is provided to apply desalination 1
processes selectively according to concentration of the brackish water and to remove the salt
according to concentration of sewage in a sewage disposal plant. A desalination system for removing
salt according to concentration of the brackish water includes an inflow tank(1), an electric carbon
removal system(2), a control panel(3A), a photovoltaic power generation system(3), a ultra filter(4), a
ultra filter filtering tank(4A), a CIP filter(7A), a CIP tank(7), a treated water storage tank(8). An EC
sensor monitoring the concentration of the brackish water is mounted to an inlet bath. An ECRC
removes the salt contained to the brackish water and is connected to the inlet bat

A seawater desalination processing system is provided to secure combining credibility of a filter by 1

fixing the filter on an air inflow part without intervals, and offering easy and convenient replacement
and maintenance management of the filter. A seawater desalination processing system includes the
followings: a seawater feeding unit; a pre-filter filtering seawater(24); a pre-treatment unit(20)
including a membrane module(25) for refining filtered water; a storage(31) processing the water
supplied by the pre-treatment unit; a transfer part transferring the processed water from the storage; a
fresh water treatment unit(30) including a reverse osmotic filtration part(33); and a post-treatment
unit(40) supplying fresh water into a tank(46

A water-treatment device using ultraviolet rays and ozone is provided to improve collecting efficiency
and generation efficiency of the ozone by collecting and generating the ozone through an ultraviolet
rays and ozone generating chamber. A water-treatment device using ultraviolet rays and ozone
includes the followings: a pair of quartz plates(7) installed at a reaction tank(1) in which original water
is sterilized and purified; an ultraviolet rays and ozone generating chamber(3) formed by the quartz
plates; an ultra-violet ray lamp(9) installed at the inside of the ultraviolet rays and ozone generating
chamber; an air inlet(13) injecting the air supplied from an air blower(11); an ozone collecting hole(15)
which is an outlet of the ozone; and an ozone mixer(17) injecting the ozone to the original water, and
connected with the ozone collecting hol

PURPOSE: An apparatus for sterilization and purifying the water is provided to maximize dissolved
oxygen by dissolving bubbles generated in water flow minutely, and to minimize volume of the
apparatus by simplifying structure. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus(1) for sterilization and purifying the
water includes a main body(2), a ultra-violet ray lamp(12), an injector(19), a drain valve(3a), a water
level control valve(10a), a protein remover(11), a flow meter(20), and a control valve(21). The main
body includes a lower casing(3), a discharge casing(5), and a cover casing(6). A discharge pipe(9)
penetrates the lower casing. An exhaust pipe is connected with the other side of the lower casing. An
exhaust hopper(4) is formed on the bottom of the discharge casing into one body. The discharge
casing includes a drain valve(5a,3a,11a) to discharge foreign materials. The discharge casing is
combined on the top of the cover casing. The ultra-violet ray lamp is built-in the main body. The
discharged pipe is installed at the injector. An air inflow pipe(18) is formed on the injector to flow
external air. The water level control valve is installed at the exhaust pipe to control a water level of the
water. The flow meter is installed at the end of the air inflow pipe. The control valve controls the inflow
of the air confirmed by the flow mete

PURPOSE: A water purifier is provided to sterilize a refrigerator at high temperature automatically to 1

store cooled water for purifying water storage, and to provided cold/warm water, the purifying water,
and soft water by generating the purifying water and the soft water. CONSTITUTION: A water purifier
includes a filter part(400), an exhaust part(700), and a ultra-violet ray lamp. The filter part purifies raw
water to purifying water. The exhaust part includes a first outlet(800), a motor, a pinion, and a second
outlet(900). The first outlet discharges purifying water. The second outlet discharges the purifying
water. The second outlet is inserted or extracted by rotation of the motor. The violet ray lamp is
arranged adjacently to the outlet. The ultra-violet ray lamp emits ultraviolet rays to a discharge
direction of the purifying wate

PURPOSE: A device for improving performance of a water treatment system using ultraviolet rays and
ozone and a method thereof are provided to improve water efficiency of water heavy water, and rain
water, etc, and to improve sterilization and purification efficiency. CONSTITUTION: A device for
improving performance of a water treatment system using ultraviolet rays and ozone includes a
reservoir(1), an AOP chamber(7), a circulation pipe(5), a circulation pump(5a), an ozone mixer(11),
and a cooler(15). The reservoir stores raw water such as heavy water, rainwater etc. The reservoir is
divided into a first reservoir(1a) and a second reservoir(1b). The AOP chamber sterilizes and purifies
the raw water supplied from the reservoir. The ozone mixer is connected to the circulation pipe. The
ozone mixer dissolves the ozone in the raw water. The cooler is connected to the circulation pip
PURPOSE: An aquarium purifier filled with photocatalytic ceramic carrier is provided, which can
maintain water quality state that is suitable to living of fish without frequent change of water of an
aquarium. CONSTITUTION: An aquarium purifier filled with photocatalytic ceramic carrier comprises a
housing(110) which has the predetermined installation space; a reactor(120) in which an outlet port
and an inlet port are placed at the interval; a photocatalytic ceramic carrier(130) which purifies the
water which passes a reactor by being filled inside the reactor; an ultra-violet ray lamp(140) which is
installed inside the housing and irradiate the ultraviolet ray towards the reactor; a filtering
element(150) which purifies the purified water; a circulating pipe(160) which connects the reactor,
aquarium, or fish basin; and a pump(170) which pumps the filled wate

PURPOSE: An apparatus for generating electrolysis sterilization water is provided to improve 1

antibacterial effects with increase of sterilization effects by adding nanosilver of a silver colloidal state
having the sterilization and antibacterial effects. CONSTITUTION: A method for generating electrolysis
sterilization water includes the following steps of: removing pollutants in water which is transferred
through a pipe(12) with a purification filter(14) made of a material such as non-woven fabric or carbon;
generating hydroxyls by electrolysis in the purified water flowed in a hydroxyl group production
electrolytic cells(17a,17b,17c,17d); and generating the water having antibacterial effects and
sterilization effects. A power PCB(21) controls electricity supplied to the hydroxyl group production
electrolytic cell, a nano silver generation electrolytic cell, a display, a flow sensor, and a solvalv

PURPOSE: A water treatment apparatus for purifying water, reusing water, sewage and wastewater 1
using micro-bubbles are provided to purify water effectively, and to increase dissolved oxygen after
removing foreign materials in the water. CONSTITUTION: A water treatment apparatus for purifying
water includes a first filter(100), a cylindrical floating bath(60), a bubble water supply unit(10), a
second filter(70), and a third filter(80). The first filter filters foreign materials by generating spiral flow
on water to be processed with difference of specific gravity. The bubble water supply unit includes a
water storage tank(15), a pump(17), a suction pipe(19), a pressure chamber(20), a mixing bath(30), a
nozzle, a gas return pipe, and a pulverizing part(50). The pump is connected with the water storage
tank by a first connection pipe(1). The pulverizing part is connected with the mixing bath by a fourth
connection pipe(4). The filtered water is stored in a processed water storage tank(90

PURPOSE: An unmanned water purification apparatus for preventing suspension of water supply is 1
provided to prevent a filter from being clogged by opening a bypass pipe having a secondary filter
automatically. CONSTITUTION: An unmanned water purification apparatus for preventing suspension
of water supply includes a raw water reservoir(10), a first processing part(20), a second processing
part(30), a processed water reservoir(40), and a control part(50). The raw water reservoir includes a
raw water inflow pipe(11), a partition wall(12), a precipitation part(13), and a supply part(14). The first
processing part filters suspended materials and solid materials included in raw water supplied form
the raw water reservoir. The first processing part includes a main pipe(21), a main micro filter(22), a
pressure detecting sensor(23), a bypass pipe(24), and a secondary micro filter(25). The second
processing part includes a main pipe, a main membrane filter(32), the pressure detecting sensor, and
a secondary membrane filter(35

PURPOSE: A method for seawater desalination using a membrane filter device and a reverse osmotic 1
membrane device are provided to maximize efficiency of seawater desalination, and to minimize
deterioration of a reverse osmotic membrane. CONSTITUTION: A method for seawater desalination
using a membrane filter device and a reverse osmotic membrane device includes a step for seawater
desalination using the membrane filter device and the reverse osmotic membrane device and a step
for maintenance and management of the devices. The maintenance and management step includes a
maintenance and washing process and a neutralizing process(S401) of the membrane filter device,
and a sterilization process of the reverse osmotic membrane devic

PURPOSE: A UV sterilizer having a diffuser is provided to prevent contaminant and easily sterilize
treatment water. CONSTITUTION: A UV sterilizer comprises: a UV lamp(20) inserted and fixed to
inside a water bath; a diffuser(30) which moves to inside or outside of the water bath, passing through
one side of the water bath having UV lamp insertion hole; a partition(40) having a UV lamp fixation
hole to support and fix other end of the UV lamp; and a short protrusion which prevents insertion of
the UV lam
PURPOSE: A nano separation method of saline water is provided to eliminate color, bad smell, and 1
bacteria of waste saline water using an optimized collecting process using a NF(Nano Filtration)
membrane, to maximize salinity recovery rate, and to extend the lifetime of the membrane through the
process for cleaning the membrane. CONSTITUTION: A nano separation method of saline water
comprises the following steps: a step(S1) transferring waste saline water to a raw water tank after
storing the waste saline water in a waste saline water tank and transferring raw water to a
preprocessing unit using a feed pump; a step(S2) filtering pollutant particles of the raw water using
the preprocessing unit; a step transferring the waste saline water to a membrane unit using a high
pressure pump; a step(S3) separating the waste saline water into processing water without pollutants
and concentrated water thorough the membrane unit having a molecular weight of 100-900Da; a
step(S4) leaking the processing water and circulating the concentrated water again to the raw water
tank; a step(S5) supplying the waste saline water of same amount as efflux to the raw water tank; and
a step(S6) eliminating contaminant of the NF membrane surface by supplying heated cleaning water
to the feed pum

PURPOSE: An advanced purified water processing device and a method therefor are provided to 1
reduce driving costs by reducing an installation part of a nanofiltration membrane and a reverse
osmosis membrane. CONSTITUTION: An advanced purified water processing device mixing
processed water with a plurality of filtration membranes includes the following: an inflow water
tank(110) in which raw water is stored; a first filtration membrane(120) processing and filtering raw
water; a first filtering membrane processing tank(130) storing preliminarily filtered water; a second
filtration membrane(140) processing and filtering first filtering processed water; a second filtration
membrane processing tank(150) storing the first filtering processed water and secondary filtering
processed water; an inflow adjusting module(160) controlling mixed ratio of the filtering processed
water; and a controller(170) controlling the mixed ratio of the first filtering processed water and the
second filtering processed wate

PURPOSE: A water purifying device using a hollow yarn separation membrane is provided to prevent 1
secondary contamination of the hollow yarn separation membrane in backwashing, and to improve a
backwashing effect with a plurality of filter parts. CONSTITUTION: A water purifying device includes
the following: a first and a second tubular parts(11,21) in which a plurality of hollow yarn separation
membranes(50) is built; a first and a second upper caps(TC1,TC2); a first and a second filter
parts(10,20) including a first and a second lower caps; a first and a second drain lines(13,23); a water
purifying line(W) with a filtering water chamber(105) and a water purifying valve; and an air pressure
line(107) connecting a pneumatic source and the filtering water chamber with a check valve(108

PURPOSE: A water treatment method using air backwashing and a biological filter, and an apparatus 1
thereof are provided to prevent clogging of the biological filter, and to improve efficiency of water
treatment by backwashing of the biological filter layer by using only the pressured air.
CONSTITUTION: A water treatment method comprises next steps: a step that water to be treated is
flowed into a biological filter(10) in which microorganism is attached is passed downwardly; a step of
passing the water to be treated with a media supporting plate(20) which is located under the biological
filter, in which micro-holes are formed; a step of passing the water to be treated to a lower drain
system(30) located under the media supporting plate; a step of discharging processing water which
passes through the lower drain system; a step of backwashing the biological filter without adding
backwashing, which is installed inside of the lower drain system; washing the biological filter; and a
step of removing scum generated from a pressured air backwashing ste

PURPOSE: An ultra violet sterilizer for the water treatment is provided to prevent damage of a quartz
tube effectively in washing of the quartz tube by varying a distance between washing modules in case
a gap between the quartz tubes is produced. CONSTITUTION: An ultra violet sterilizer for the water
treatment comprises the following; a main body; a plurality of quartz tubes which is evenly installed
while the ultra-violet ray lamp is accepted; a foreign material removal unit eliminating foreign materials
attached to the outer circumference of quartz tubes, while the removal unit reciprocates according to a
longitudinal direction of quartz tubes by a mobile tool; a frame(40) in which a penetration hole(45) in
which each quartz tubes pass through is formed and the empty space is formed inside; a plurality of
cleaning modules(30); a pair of panels(41) in which the penetration holes are formed; and a
connection part(43) which maintains a pair of panel interval
PURPOSE: An advanced water purifying device for seawater, underground water and tap water is
provided to supply quality water by maximizing water processing efficiency, and to purify the seawater,
the underground water and the tap water with one device. CONSTITUTION: An advanced water
purifying device for seawater, underground water and tap includes the following: a foreign material
filter(20) removing foreign materials by filtering pumped water; a hard water softening part(25); a first
fine material removing filter(30) filtering fine impurities of produced soft water; a filtered water storage
tank(35); a second fine material removing filter(37) removing fine impurities included in the pre-
processed filtered water; a reverse osmosis membrane(40) removing salt ingredients of high
concentration; a mineral supply part(45) supplying mineral to the filtered water; a ultraviolet
sterilization part(50) producing clean water after sterilizing the filtered water; and a water reservoir(55)
storing the produced clean wate

PURPOSE: A water treatment device for advanced oxidation treatment is provided to reduce repair
and management costs of wastewater, and to efficiently purify water by reducing the amount of
precipitate and solid materials adsorbed in a ultra-violet ray lamp. CONSTITUTION: A water treatment
device for advanced oxidation treatment includes the following: a reaction tank(100) forming rotating
vortex in water to be processed; a hydrogen peroxide injection device(125) and an ozone generating
device(120) installed on an inlet; a conduit part(150) discharging the processed water to the outside of
the reaction tank; and a UV reaction part(140) irradiating ultraviolet rays. A baffle is formed inside the
conduit part in a longitudinal direction. In a UV reaction part, a ultraviolet ray sterilization process is
performed by a ultra-violet ray lamp. The UV reaction part includes a washing devic

PURPOSE: An economical reverse osmosis water purification system is provided to reduce the 1
amount of waste water which is finally discharged and adjust the water quality level to the level of
water of a general water supply facility. CONSTITUTION: An economical reverse osmosis water
purification system includes: a deep well pump(10); a feed water supply pipeline(20) which has a
sharp end; a pre-processing filtering device(30) which is connected to the end portion of the feed
water supply pipeline; and a water supply pipeline(22) of which end portion is sharp; a first electric
valve(V1) and a high pressure pump(40) which are sequentially installed at the pipe line of the water
supply pipeline; and an reverse osmosis membrane filter which is connected to the other end of the
water supply pipeline; a first instantaneous flow rate system which is installed on the production water
pipe conduit line; and a manual valve; a waste water pipeline(28); and a waste water collection unit
which collects some of waste water connected to the waste water pipelin

PURPOSE: A water treatment device and system using a low pressure reverse osmosis membrane 1
and an ion exchange resin are provided to efficiently remove particulate pollutant and nitrate nitrogen
and perchlorate from inflow water by linking a low-pressure reverse osmosis film process with an ion
exchange process. CONSTITUTION: An ultraviolet sterilization unit(215) removes bacteria and germs
from processed water through the irradiation of an ultraviolet ray, and a micro filter(216) removes
suspension or fine particles included in the processed water. A reverse osmosis film unit(218)
penetrates the processed water to the reverse osmosis film under the reverse osmosis pressure. A
nitrate nitrogen/perchlorate removing top(220) removes the nitrate nitrogen or perchlorate from the
processed water through ion exchange resi

The invention relates to apparatuses for treatment of water by ultraviolet light and electromagnetic
field and may be used for potable water treatment as well as for purification of sewage from the
organic impurities. The apparatus contains a body in the form of truncated cone in the middle of which
it is installed a ultraviolet lamp into the quartz housing. On the internal side body surface there are
situated light reflecting elements. In the lower part of the body it is situated cylindrical
magnetohydrodinamic chamber with tangential located coupling for feeding the sewage, and the
coupling is connected to the ejector, and the magnetohydrodynamic chamber is filled with spheric
ferromagnetic elements. On the external part of the mentioned chamber around it there is installed a
solenoid with a rheostat for regulation of the magnetic fluidization of the spherical elements.The
purified water passes through the tangential situated coupling in the upper body part and the
gasforming material-through the outlet cone-shaped collector.Claims: 1Fig.:
The invention relates to processes for water treatment by photochemical destruction of the organic
components and pathogenic microbiological impurities and can be used for disinfection by plants for
preparation of drinking water as well as by plants for treatment of sewage containing pathogenic
microflora and other toxic organic compounds. Summary of the invention consists in the fact that the
process for water disinfection, including photochemical treatment thereof with ultra-violet radiation
over the wave range of 180...300 nm, provides that the water is additionally exposed to
electrochemical treatment by application to electrodes of a tension of 30...40 V of constant current, as
anode being used ruthenic oxide plated titanium and as cathode - stainless steel, with that into the
water exposed to disinfection it is carried out magnetoliquefaction of the steel cylindrical bodies
having a length of 20...30 mm and a diameter of 1...2 mm in a rotatable electromagnetic field with an
induction of 25...40 T.Claims:

The invention relates to devices for purification of underground waters, in particular deep-well ones, 1
from different forms of sulphureted hydrogen. The photocatalytic purifier of underground waters from
sulphureted hydrogen includes a body (1), an inlet branch pipe (2) with valve (3), a branch pipe (4) for
outlet of the treated water with a system of drainage (5), an aerator (6) connected by an air conduit (7)
to a cylindrical body (8), wherein it is placed a permanent magnet block (9) and an outlet branch pipe
(10) with sleeve valve (11), as well as a branch pipe (12) for air tangential feeding, connected to a
compressor (13). Inside the body (1) there is placed a magnetic spherical charge (14), a disperse
catalyst (15), a filter (16) with floating charge with a limiting upper screen (17) and a supporting lower
screen (18), as well as a vertical outlet branch pipe (19) connected to a lower funnel (20) and an
upper funnel (21). On the outside of the body (1) there is placed a solenoid (22) and a system of ultra-
violet lamps (23) with reflectors (24

The invention relates to water treatment plants, in particular to a plant for combined purification of
water from hard-degradable organic substances. The plant, according to the invention, includes three
cylindrical chambers with different diameter, with a cover (11), interconnected and installed coaxially;
the chamber (15) with a large diameter is installed in the upper part, embracing on the outside the
upper part of the chamber (10) with a mean diameter, and in the space between these chambers is
installed a floating granular charge (16), limited in the upper part by a support grid (17), at the same
time the chamber (15) with a large diameter is equipped with a pipe (18) for outlet of the purified water
in the upper part and a valve (19) for outlet of the sediment in the lower part; the chamber (10) with a
mean diameter is made with conical bottom, inside it is installed a block, consisting of horizontal
quartz tubes (13), the edges of which are located outside the chamber (10), and inside the tubes (13)
are installed ultraviolet lamps (14); the lower chamber (1) with a small diameter is made of
nonmagnetic material, in its lower part is made a water-air bell (6) with a disperser (7), the bell (6) is
equipped with air (8) and polluted water (9) delivery pipes, in the upper part of the chamber (1) of a
small diameter is installed on a grid (3) a charge (2), consisting of dispersed iron and coke particles
taken in the mass ratio of (3à5):1, and outside around the charge (2) is installed a generator (4) of
rotating electromagnetic field connected to an alternating current source (5

The invention relates to the installations for water purification by photocatalytic decomposition of the 1
organic compounds and pathogenic microflora by ultra-violet rays and may be applied for selective
purification of the surface and sewage waters from dissolved toxic organic substances. The
installation, according to the invention, includes a body with cover, branch pipes for inlet of the water
and of the bubbled air, a branch pipe for outlet of the purified water, the body being provided with
ultra-violet lamps, installed in quartz bags, with a magnetohydrodynamic chamber with charge of
ferromagnetic spherical particles and solenoid, above the ferromagnetic charge there is installed on
springs a net, onto which it is placed the mixture of iron and coal and/or copper, in the upper part of
the body it is installed a filter filled up with floating charge of foamed polystyrene, provided with a
siphon, installed onto the branch pipe for outlet of the purified water with the possibility of periodic
regeneration of the filter, and the quartz bags are provided with a cleaning mechanism with brushes,
fixed to the body cover. The result of the invention consists in increasing the effectiveness of the
processes for water purification and disinfection and in increasing the productivity of the installation.
Claims: 1Fig.:
The invention relates to a photocatalytic process for water purification and may be used for water
purification from organic impurities. Summary of the invention consists in that the proposed process
includes the photocatalytic treatment of water with ultra-violet rays in the presence of hydrogen
peroxide and ions of polyvalent metals. At the same time, the ions of polyvalent metals are
galvanochemically generated in the field of contact galvanic couples formed at charging of the iron
and/or ferromanganese alloy particles, in the capacity of anode and carbonic material and/or copper -
of cathode, at the magnetic liquefaction, realized by the motion in the alternating electromagnetic field
of 0,2...0,4 T of the spherical barium hexaferrite particles magnetized to saturation, and the
photocatalytic treatment is carried out in the flow, with the linear velocity of 10...20 cm/min, in the
mass ratio hydrogen peroxide/organic matters of (3...4):1, at a pH of 4,0...4,6 and ultra-violet
irradiation of 12...20 mJ/cm2. Claims:

The invention relates to plants for water purification, in particular to the photocatalytic ones. The plant,
according to the invention, includes a recirculation system consisting of a reservoir for polluted water
(11), a tubular filter made of macroporous ceramic membrane (1) with photocatalyst, coupled with the
reservoir (11) by means of a pump (6), a discharge pipe-line (12) and a pipe-line for recirculation (8)
of the polluted water, equipped with manometer (9) and valve (10). At the same time, the filter is
installed inside the quartz jacket (13), equipped with a pipe-line for outlet of the purified water (17) and
low-voltage ultra-violet (14) and infra-red (15) lamps, alternately placed into a flexible gummed
support (16) on the outside of the quartz jacket (13), and the membrane (1) is covered with a carbon-
fibrous material (2) onto which there is deposited the photocatalyst and which is compacted with a
steel arch (3). As carbon-fibrous material (2) are used woven or unwoven carbonized materials with a
thickness of 3Ã 8 mm, and as photocatalyst is used the platinum electrochemically deposited onto its
surface, in a layer of a thickness of 0,1à 0,2 Á

The invention relates to a process for obtaining catalytic membranes that may be used for aqueous 1
solution purification from hardly degradable organic impurities. Summary of the invention consists in
that onto the preliminarily activated surface of the substrate there is deposited a coating of Ni-W-B or
Ni-Mo-B alloys, and the boron electrochemical leaching is carried out by anodic treatment at a current
density of 10 mA/cm2 with an electrolyte solution containing, mass %:sodium hydroxide 3Ã 5sodium
hypochlorite 10Ã 15At the same time, as substrate there are used tubular elements of cordierite with
the porosity of 0,1Ã 0,5 mm, their surfaces are activated with a solution containing tin (II) and
palladium salts and thereon there is deposited a nickel-tungsten-boron alloy obtained from the
solution containing nickel acetate, sodium tungstate, ethylenediamine and triethanolamine, sodium
hydroxide, sodium borohydride and thallous nitrate (I), and its deposition is carried out at the
temperature of 90Ã 95?C during 40Ã 60 min, or a nickel-molybdenum-boron alloy obtained from the
solution containing nickel sulphate, sodium molybdate, potassium pyrophosphate, triethanolamine,
ammonium hydroxide, dimethyl-aminoborane and thallous nitrate (I), and its deposition is carried out
at the temperature of 75Ã 80?C during 60Ã 90 min. The process for aqueous solution purification from
hardly degradable organic impurities is carried out by filtration thereof through the catalytic
membranes obtained according to the invention, with a speed of 30à 50 ml/cm2Àmin and ultra-violet
irradiation of 12Ã 20 mJ/cm

The invention relates to devices for complex electrophotocatalytic purification of natural and man-
caused waters from stable organic compounds and pathogenic microorganisms and can be used in
the processes for water treatment, water supply and environment protection from pollution. The
installation for complex electrophotocatalytic purification of water from stable organic compounds
includes an auxiliary capacity for polluted water (15), a cylindrical body (1) made of quartz glass with
ultra-violet lamps (27) with reflector (2), a branch pipe (6) for outlet of the purified water, a branch pipe
(4) for oxidant admission with valve (5), connected to the base of the body (1). Coaxially to the body
there is installed a ceramic porous membrane (7), covered with a photocatalytically active layer,
connected at the inlet to the auxiliary capacity for polluted water (15) by a pipeline (11), equipped with
a valve (12), a pump (14) and a flowmeter (13), and at the outlet - by a pipeline (16), equipped with a
valve (18) and a manometer (17). At the bottom of the body (1) it is placed a spherical magnetized
charge (21), and in the upper part of the body (1) it is placed a filter (20) with floating granular charge,
between which there are distributed highly dispersed particles (22). On the outside of the body (1), in
the zone of placement of the spherical magnetized charge (21), there is installed a solenoid (23) with
current regulator (24). Novelty of the invention consists in that inside the membrane (7) it is coaxially
installed a cylindrical titanium anode (8), plated with ruthenium dioxide, and on the outside of the
membrane (7) it is installed with clearance a cylindrical perforated cathode (9), the electrodes being
connected to a constant-current source with the possibility of separate unipolar treatment of water.
Inside the body (1) there are fixed cylinders of quartz glass (25), wherein there are installed ultra-
violet lamps (27), connected to an actuating starter (28
A water potabilization system that automatically operates in a sequence of processes: oxidation,
disinfection, filtration, softening, demineralisation by inverse osmosis and sterilization with ultraviolet
radiation. The aforesaid process is useful for obtaining water with the required international quality
standards from water having an excess of salts and polluting materials such as: iron, mercury, lead,
arsenic, fluorine, etc. Besides being useful for removing and inactivating pathogen microorganisms,
the system has a unique sequence of processes, so that it is an easy operating system, which can be
operated, handled and maintained by a stuff that does not have previous experience with water
treating equipment

The present invention refers to a system for filtrating and dispensing low pressure water useful for 1
domestic refrigerators, the system allowing a system effluent to have a reduced amount of bacteria at
a log level of 6 and a reduced amount of virus at a log level of 4, having low pressures such as 0.35
kg/cm2 (5 psi). The system may be located at different places, for instance, on a grill or shelf, or
mounted on the upper surface of the food freezing section in a refrigerator, or may be attached to the
wall or further inner components thereo

A multi-step process encompassing 7 separate procedures to prepare potable water without the 1
discharge of harsh chemicals into the ocean is disclosed. The seawater is preferably obtained from a
sea well, pre-treated to kill off undesirable microscopic content, filtered, heated, split into two streams,
the first of which goes through a high pressure pump to an RO station for the discharge of brine and
delivery of permeate, while the second stream flows into a pressure exchanger to exchange energy
with the brine waste product from the RO station. This second stream passes through a booster pump
to the RO station for more brine separation and the creation of additional permeate. All brine from the
pressure exchanger is transferred through a heat exchanger to cool it down prior to discharge to the
ocean or collectio

The water filter comprises of an outer tube (1) which has an inside cavity (2). inside the inner cavity is
water filtration media packed between the said outer tube (1) and an inner tube (3). the inner tube (3)
has an inside cavity (4). at the bottom end (5) of the inner tube (3), there are several small through
holes (6) for allowing water that flows past through the water filtration media into an inside chamber
(4). the inside chamber (4) of the inner tube (3) has a transparent glass tube (7). the transparent glass
tube (7) has an inside cavity (8). an ultraviolet (uv) light source (9) is installed in the inside cavity (8).
the uv light irradiated through the wall of the said transparent glass tube (7) will kill any microbe in the
water filled between the inner tub~ (3) and the transparent glass tube (7). at the top end of the outer
tube (10), there is a cover (11) covers the upper end of the outer tube (10). at the top end of the cover
(12) has a through hole (13) that connects to the inner cavity of the outer tube (1) for the installation of
the transparent glass tube (7), the uv light source (9). at the outer most of top end of the cover (12),
there is a feeding hole (14) connects to the inner cavity (2) locates between the outer tube (1) and the
inner tube (3) for feeding water to be purified into the inside of the water filter. the water that has been
purified flows out via the through hole (15) connects to the inside cavity (4) located between the inner
tube (3) and the transparent glass tube (7

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[From equivalent NL1004856C2] Purification and disinfection of water comprises treatment with a
combination of an Ozone (O3)-containing gas, ultra-violet (UV) radiation and a photo-catalys
A pre-vacuum pump is connected in series with a vapor transport pump. A purification apparatus 1
using a combination of microfiltration, evaporation at reduced pressure and heat exchange includes a
pre-vacuum pump connected in series with a vapor transport pump (e.g. roots blower

[From equivalent US7083729] A device for cleaning a fluid comprises at least one set of a first 1
membrane cloth and a second membrane cloth, each being permeable to water over substantially
their entire length. The membrane cloths are held taut, substantially parallel to one another in a frame
delimiting between them a movement path for fluid. The cloths are displaceable with respect to one
another between a first position, in which the mutually facing surfaces substantially touch one another,
and a second position, in which the cloths lie at a distance from one another and the width of the
movement path for the fluid is greater than in the first position. At least one of the cloths, on the side
which faces towards the adjacent cloth is provided with grooves or webs for the purpose of forming
channels between the cloths in the longitudinal direction of the cloths, in the first position.

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The fluid throughflow device (1), such as a hand douche, has connections (2,3) for fluid input and fluid 1
output, together with at least one membrane filter (4) with a pore diameter of less than 0.5
micrometers placed between the connections so that fluid flows through it. The filter mainly locates
against the connection for fluid output. It incorporates an excess pressure valve. The filter comprises
a combination of a hydrophile, capillary membrane and a hydrophobic, capillary membrane. The
device can be a hand douche, spray head or a fountain spray mout

[From equivalent US7465393] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a membrane filter, 1
comprising the steps of: fixing a bundle of hydrophilic filter elements by at least a first end in a housing
part to be called bottom element, such that the first end of the hydrophilic filter elements is open
towards a first side of the housing part and the hydrophilic filter elements extend on the opposite side
of the housing part; and subsequently providing for at least one watertight and air-permeable element,
in particular a hydrophobic filter element.

The polymer surface is contacted with a metal which is then reduced. Precursor concentration and/or 1
reduction reaction temperature are specially chosen, so that the polymer surface remains
hydrophobic. - A method for depositing a metal on a hydrophobic porous polymer surface involves
contacting the polymer surface with a precursor comprising the metal in its oxidized state and
reducing the precursor to form the metal. Precursor concentration and/or reduction reaction
temperature are specially chosen so that the polymer surface remains hydrophobic. - An
INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a membrane prepared using the above metho

[From equivalent EP1894612A1] The present invention relates to a method for purifying water by 1
means of a membrane filtration unit, as well as to a device suitable for use therewith. Thus it is an
object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for treating an aqueous flow in a
multi-stage membrane filtration unit, wherein the obtained concentrate flow is discharged in an
environmentally advantageous manner.

The salt-rich aqueous fraction obtained from the reverse osmosis step is temporarily stored in a buffer 1
(5) and then later mixed with other water, e.g. rainwater, in order to obtain irrigation water having a
suitable salt concentration or composition allowing it to be safely disposed of via the soil, drains or
surface wate

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[From equivalent GB1468928A] 1468928 Ultrafiltration UNION CARBIDE CORP 9 May 1974 [10 May 1
1973] 20524/ 74 Headings B1D and B1X An ultrafiltration unit 10 comprises a housing enclosing
parallel porous tubes 32 which separate an inlet space having inlet 26 and outlet 30 from a filtrate
outlet space with an outlet 28, tubes 32 being made of carbon, alumina or aluminosilicate having
pores in the 0.1 to 2.0 micron dia. range which add up to a pore volume of at least 12%, the upstream
surfaces of the tubes having a metal oxide coating 0.01 to 10 microns thick and comprising
aggregated particles less than 5 microns into the tube walls. Preferably at least 50% of pores have
diameters between 0.10 and 0.50 microns. As shown filtration is outwards through the tube walls, but
inward flow filtration is possible. Various metal oxides (e.g. alumina and zirconia) are listed for the
coating, which may comprise a first layer of particles 0.1 to 1 microns dia. and a top layer of particles
below 0.1 microns. The coating is applied to the tubes by circulating an acidified aqueous suspension
of coating material therethrough, and remains thereon even when tubes are washed and steam
sterilised. Figs. 3 to 6 (not shown) illustrate alternative ways of connecting the tubes to tube plates 34,
36. Fig. 3 involves metal O-rings clamped around the ends of tube 32 by a second plate (48) and cap
(50). In Figs. 4 to 6 rubber gaskets enclose the tube and are retained in recessed portions of the tube
plate apertures, 25 to 1000 tubes may be located in one PVC or stainless steel housing. Tubes may
be of various cross-sections including star-shaped and triangular. The unit may operate in series or
parallel with other units or alone in a circuit illustrated in Fig. 1 (not shown) wherein feed liquid is
recycled to pass repeatedly from inlet 26 to outlet 30 and thereby becomes concentrated in
suspended solids, dissolved large molecules or oil which cannot penetrate the tube coating. The axial
flow through the tubes is at turbulent velocity to prevent accumulation of solids thereon. Particular
applications include removing oil and dirt from aqueous detergent solutions to enable their reuse in
car washes, laundries or washing machine metal parts, separating polyvinyl alcohol from textile sizing
solutions, recovering paint from wash water following electro-painting, concentrating spent grain
liquors in brewing, clarifying vinegar, recovering protein molecules from cheese whey, clarifying sea
water prior to desalination by reverse osmosis, purifying paper mill waste and concentrating bovine
animal blood serum, egg albumin and enzymes.

[From equivalent US4228014] An apparatus for the desalination and purification of water by reverse 1
osmosis and ultrafiltration. The apparatus includes dish-like carrier plates and water guide plates held
between two end plates and alternately stacked one above the other. The apparatus also includes
annular diaphragms which lie between respective carrier plates and guide plates and are each
backed by a filter layer, so that in use untreated water flows over the diaphragms in the radial direction
on the side opposite the filter layer, and permeate or water suitable for industrial use is drawn off at
the side backed by the filter layer. The stack of end plates, carrier plates, and guide plates is clamped
or held together at the periphery and has a continuous central aperture for the introduction of the
untreated water. The carrier plates sealingly engage one another by means of thickened marginal
portions lying radially beyond the edges of the guide plates. The marginal portions have continuous
bores which are aligned with one another and with bores in the end plates, and provide an outlet for
the permeate. The bores, toward the middle of the plates, communicate with the filter layers of the
diaphragms by means of gaps 34 produced by reduced thicknesses of the marginal portions of the
carrier plates.

The device has an inlet (2) and an outlet (3) both connected to a water pipe, where the inlet and the 1
outlet are coupled by a pipe section (4) bearing a UV-light unit (5), where water is irradiated with UV
light and purified using a composition containing hydrogen peroxide. Two sediment filters (7, 8) are
placed before the pipe section, and two sediment filters (9, 10) are placed after the pipe section. An
independent claim is also included for a method for cleaning, disinfection or purification of wate
[From equivalent GB1251825A] 1,251,825. Reverse osmosis. AQUA-CHEM. Inc. 22 Oct., 1968 [25 1
Oct., 1967; 20 March, 1968], No. 50188/68. Heading B1X. A membrane structure suitable for reverse
osmosis comprises a porous tube 11 of semi rigid material with an inner membrane coating 12 which
is semi permeable. The tubes have an impermeable coating 14 at the ends. Tube 11 may be of paper
or porous plastics. A reverse osmosis apparatus (Fig. 2) comprises a plurality of rigid tubes 16 each of
which supports a membrane structure as above. The ends of tubes 16 are supported in bores 18 of
header 20, each bore 18 terminating in an annular groove 22 which serves to collect product water for
removal by tube 58. Water to be treated in channel 30 is prevented from reaching grooves 22 by O-
ring seals 56.

[From equivalent GB1508513A] 1508513 Membrane filtration STAMICARBON BV 2 Feb 1976 [5 Feb 1
1975] 04022/76 Heading B1X In a reverse-osmosis process using a dynamically-formed membrane
(i.e. one formed in situ by applying granular material to a porous substrate) on a porous tube, the flow
of permeate is periodically reversed by applying a pressure pulse to the permeate stream so as to
destroy the membrane, which is then replaced by a new one. As little as one litre per square metre of
surface provides effective flushing in this method. The pulse may be delivered by a piston-and-
cylinder device acting by fluid power on a flexible wall of the apparatus.

The unit, e.g. for ultra-filtration or reverse osmosis, comprises inlet and outlet chambers for the liquid 1
to be treated which are connected by perforated tubes supporting tubular membranes on their inner
wall surface. These tubes extend through a permeate collecting space with outlet e.g. to a storage
vessel or further treating unit such as a filter. The liquid is fed under pressure, e.g. by a pump, and the
space is provided with pressure limiting means, e.g. a valve which is connected to the outlet and
opens if the permeate pressure reaches a pre-determined limit to prevent collapse of the membranes.
- Membrane filtration of pressurised liquid, e.g. for producing potable water, treating carbonated liquid
such as beer etc. The arrangement prevents damage to the membranes through excess permeate
pressure, e.g. due to blockage in the permeate outlet line or pump (19) failure.(0/

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[From equivalent US5494577] An apparatus is described for treating polluted water. The apparatus 1
comprises a supply system for polluted water; an activated-sludge reactor; one or more filter
membrane modules; an air supply system and a discharge system for the treated water. The filter
membrane modules comprise hollow membranes within a casing. Said filter membrane modules on
one side adjoin the activated-sludge reactor and on the other side adjoin air distribution means. The
activated-sludge reactor communicates, via a bypass line, with a sludge receiving container which
adjoins the air distribution means. The apparatus functions in such a way that the water to be treated
and air supplied are flowing in the same direction through the hollow membranes, the permeate
flowing through the membranes towards the space between the casing and the membranes, where it
is discharged via permeate discharge system.

The invention relates to a method for processing contaminated fluids, usually water, containing 1
organic and inorganic substances, in particular slurry (liquid manure). The operation of the automated
slurry processor is based on the combined use of the purification techniques ""microfiltration of fluids""
and ""thermal treatment of fluids"". The automatic slurry processor is based on a combination of these
techniques. The use of microfiltration allows all suspended particles to be removed from the slurry to
be treated. The microfiltration process used is a cross- flow process provided with ceramic filtration
tubes. The increase in slurry temperature which occurs in this cross- flow process, as a result of
pumping energy being converted into heat, can be utilized to make the vacuum process feasible.
Linking the processes to one another, in accordance with the schematic diagrams in the patent, yields
a method which is characterized by high separation efficiency in conjunction with a low energy deman

Apparatus for treating water flowing in a canal by radiation is disclosed. Lamps, typically UV, are
aligned axially with the canal axis. Turbulent mixing is increased by positioning devices, such as
washers, between lamp units in the system. The washers may have the same or different diameters.
Turbulent mixing may also be increased by retaining the upstream end of each lamp unit in a ring-
shaped device, alone or in combination with washers positioned on each lamp unit exterior surface as
described abov

[From equivalent CA1321954A] An apparatus for purification and/or sterilization or disinfection of 1

water which has a head with water inlet and outlet openings and a housing secured in water tight
relation to said head in which there is a cylindrical filter, preferably of activated charcoal. Between the
filter and the housing is an outer water channel communicating with the water inlet so that water
entering the apparatus is purified by passing through the filter to an inner channel communicating with
the water outlet. Water is sterilized or disinfected by an ultraviolet lamp inside the filter over which
water that has passed through it flows to the water outlet. The apparatus may be used in multiples
which are connected in series or parallel to obtain a greater degree of filtration and disinfection than
obtainable in a single unit.

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The invention relates to a conductive membrane with a porous substrate impregnated with copolymer 1
having an electrical conductivity ranging between 5.9x10^-1 to 1.7x Omega ^ -1 cm^ 1 and a time of
use of at least 8 months wherein the copolymer is a pyrrole copolymer and N-methyl pyrrole, usable
as filter for capturing viruses from wate

The invention relates to a process and a plant for the biologic purification of waste water resulting 1
from individual domestic consumers. According to the invention, the process comprises the discharge
of waste water over a biomass consisting of grass or food waste, degradation of the organic
component of the residue in contact with the biomass by means of micro-organisms, and oxygenation
thereof with a view to further carrying on the residue degradation process, concomitantly with the
filtering separation of coarse residues from water to be purified, followed by gravity conveying the
filtered water to be stored and discharged after reaching a preset level. The claimed plant for
biologically purifying domestic waste water comprises a collecting tank provided with a filtering plate
above which there is formed an upper enclosure, while below said plate there is formed an enclosure
confined at its lower part by an inclined bottom ensuring the gravity conveyance of purified water to a
storing tan

The invention relates to a process for the purification of water contaminated with hard-degradable
chemical and biological compounds and to an oxidation module for the purification of contaminated
water. According to the invention, the process consists in treating water within a pressurized reaction
vessel with gaseous ozone, followed by the advanced oxidation thereof by treatment with UV radiation
which generates free radicals and chain oxidation reactions leading to complete mineralization of
organic compounds, the treatment system delivering contaminant-free water with a residual ozone
content of less than 0.01 mg/l. The claimed module comprises a reaction vessel (3) wherein water to
be treated is introduced by a pump (1), is passed through a filter (2), is recycled in a static mixer (6)
wherein ozone from an ozone generator (8) is injected by an injector (5), the mixer generating a highly
eddying flow of the water/ozone mixture which returns to the pressurized vessel (3) wherefrom it
passes to an UV radiation treatment vessel (11), the whole module being controlled by a control
device (10
The invention relates to a process and installation for preparing water with curative properties by the
removal of the suspensions and of microbial-type elements followed by an ionization treatment, the
water being intended to be used by humans, animals or plants. The claimed process comprises a first
stage of filtration of water through an upper layer of active carbon and a layer of coral powder for
retaining suspensions of up to 10 ¼ m, a radial filtration through a cylindrical layer comprising
sintered silver-coated grains of active carbon, charcoal, quartz sand and polar polymers for retaining
suspensions of up to 5 ¼ m, followed by a filtration through an active layer of hot sintered coal
powder together with a silver-impregnated binder, the suspensions with sizes less than 1 ¼ m
remaining in the water, impurities comprising microbe or virus organic wastes are removed by treating
water with ultraviolet rays, and the water is enriched with silver ions by rotating and bubbling the same
in a system with bearings with silver balls. The claimed installation comprises a water-supply conduit
(1), a sieve (2) arranged at the upper part of a cylindrical vessel (4) which contains the filtering layers
(6 and 7) arranged on top of other in a ratio of 2:1, a filter (9) arranged at the lower part of the vessel
(4), a conduit (10) for discharging towards a second cylindrical vessel (11) whose diameter is 1/2 of
the diameter of the vessel (4) and of equal length, a conduit (12) for conveying towards a third
cylindrical vessel (13) identical in size with the vessel (4), an UV ray generating vessel (14) and a
stirrer (15) provided with silver balls (16) which comprises an outer cylindrical housing (17) provided
with a central hole (18) at the lower part for supplying with purified wate

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FIELD: water supply systems. SUBSTANCE: feed water is admitted to water clarification unit.
Preliminarily, before feed water is admitted in this unit, clarified 10-% coagulant solution is added
through proportioning pump into pipeline. Partially purified water after clarification treatment may still
contain difficult-to-oxidize impurities, as determined by oxidability analyzers, and pathogenic bacteria
and viruses. Therefore it is subjected to additional treatment in above-filter space of filter with
ozone/air mixture produced by ozone generator, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays in ultraviolet
radiation unit. Additional treatment of water with ozone and ultraviolet rays is carried out only if
necessary. Necessity is determined automatically by means of analyzers in proximate analysis
laboratory. If such necessity is partial or absent, clarified water either is not ozonized, or treated only
with ozone or only with ultraviolet rays, or directed over pipeline directly to sorptive charcoal filter to
undergo intensive tertiary treatment. After sorptive filter, water is directed under pressure over pipes to
pure water reservoir to be pumped from it by pumps and supplied to water main in accordance with
hourly water consumption schedule of individual water consumer. Automatic working regime of all
units for clarifying and supplying the water is maintained by special instruments and electronic control
system mounted in control cabinet. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dw

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: method is developed for demineralizing water and
subsequently using in hydrometallurgy and in household practice. Apparatus containing cationite
and/or anionite exchangers, piping, and valves is distinguished by that, before at least one of
exchangers, in-water- ozone generation source or the one generating ozone-water interaction
products is installed. In particular, generation source before the exchanger with anionite-cationite
mixture is UV radiation source. EFFECT: enhanced water treatment efficiency. 2 cl, 1 tb

FIELD: provision of population with high-quality especially pure potable water with a long storage life.
SUBSTANCE: by means of deep- seated water conduit water is taken from the Baikal Lake in
sections, whose depth exceeds 400 m. The water intake is located at a height of 25 to 100 m from the
bottom. Water is subjected to filtration through three filters: coarse filter (25 um), deep filter (10 um),
fine filter (0.2 or 0.65 um), then - to sterilization with the aid of ultraviolet irradiation and ozone, and
poured in vessels rinsed with water, which has undergone the same preparation. In production of
aerated water ozone treatment is substituted for by carbonation with carbonic acid. EFFECT:
enhanced quality. 8 c

FIELD: environmental control; water supply systems, in particular, for use in movable and stationary
units for purifying and decontaminating natural, predominantly, drinking water. SUBSTANCE: water
treatment apparatus comprises water supply line, water pretreatment assembly, sorption purification
assembly and water discharge line for directing treated water to consumers. Water pretreatment
assembly includes concentrate discharge line provided with throttling device. Apparatus further
comprises decomposing reactor made in the form of air- and water-tight shell consisting of two
chambers, namely: cavitation chamber housing ultrasonic oscillations generator, and photochemical
chamber housing ultraviolet radiation source. Inlet of cavitation chamber is connected with outlet of
water pretreatment assembly, while outlet of photochemical chamber is connected with inlet of
sorption purification assembly. Water pretreatment assembly comprises single hollow-fiber untrafilter
or series of in-parallel connected hollow-fiber ultrafilters. Sorption purification assembly comprises
single sorption filter or series of in-parallel connected sorption filters. Optionally, apparatus may be
provided with pump having filter for primary water purification, and four-way cock arranged at inlet of
water pretreatment assembly. Filter for primary water purification is arranged in water supply line.
Water can be treated to remove wider range of harmful substances, including dissolved organic
matter, toxic and radioactive substances. EFFECT: higher degree of water decontamination from
pathogenic microflora; increased apparatus service life. 3 cl, 1 dw

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus comprises casing 1, contact chamber 2, outlet pipe
3 for discharging treated water, ultraviolet lamp 4 enclosed in shell 5 made of material transparent for
ultraviolet radiation, inlet pipe 6 for water supply and device 7 for dispersing ozone-air mixture.
Ultraviolet lamp 4 is arranged coaxially with casing 1, while dispersing device 7 is disposed below
ultraviolet lamp 4. Openings 8 are formed in wall of contact chamber 2 for admitting into it water to be
ozonized. Ejector 9 is interposed between ultraviolet lamp 4 and dispersing device 7, coaxially to
them. Ejector 9 has outlet opening 10 with diameter smaller than that shell 5 of ultraviolet lamp 4.
Admission openings 8 in contact chamber 2 wall are positioned at such a level as is limited by height
of ejector 9. EFFECT: high quality of thus-purified water. 1 dw
FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to membrane separation of solutions and 1
suspensions, in particular, to natural water purification, pretreatment of water before its extended
purification, e.g. before its softening; treatment of industrial outflow; separation, cleaning, and
concentration of solutions and suspensions of organic and mineral substances. Membrane installation
contains: pump to supply initial water, four-pass manifold, a set of separation apparatuses based on
hollow-fiber or tubular micro- and ultrafiltration membranes, initial water-supply line, concentrate-
discharge line with shutoff valve and diaphragm installed parallel to shutoff valve, and filtrate-
discharge line with shutoff valve. Installation is further provided with filtrate-accumulation tank, rinse
pump connected through its suction pipe to filtrate- accumulation tank and, through its discharge pipe,
to filtrate- discharge line. Method of treating water includes water-filtration stage on membrane
installation and installation-regeneration stage. In the filtration stage, set of separation apparatuses
receives initial water with no concentrate admixtures, and the latter is discharged through diaphragm
in amount not exceeding 6% of produced filtrate. In this case, shutoff valve in the concentrate-
discharge line is closed and that in the filtrate-discharge line is opened. In the regeneration stage,
rinse pump is switched on in continuous operation mode, shutoff valve in the filtrate-discharge line is
closed, that in the concentrate-discharge line is opened and closed, and initial water-supply pump is
switched on when shutoff valve in the concentrate-discharge line is opened and switched off
simultaneously with its closing. EFFECT: reduced power consumption, improved quality of filtrate,
increased productivity of installation and its operation resource. 2 cl, 4 dwg , 4 tb

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: simultaneously are carried out: bringing water containing 1
dissolved organics into contact with semiconductor photocatalyst, ultraviolet irradiation, and
separation of cleaned water from photocatalyst by filtering liquid through porous membrane. The latter
is of dynamic or ceramic type of semiconductor material. Process is intensified by active oxidants:
oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, or ozone. Gas oxidants can be supplied through gas-permeable
waterproof membrane. EFFECT: enabled rapid and complete removal of dissolved organics, including
toxic and hard-degradable chlorinated substances. 9 cl, 1 tb

FIELD: water- treatment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus comprises reactor chamber with bactericide lamp,
instrumentation assembly consisting of fluorescence and nephelometry unit and chemiluminescence
unit. UV lamp is connected over flexible light conductor with fluorescence and nephelometry unit and,
over flexible lightproof gas duct, with chemiluminescence unit. Reactor chamber, fluorescence and
nephelometry unit, and chemiluminescence unit are connected in series by lightproof elastic water
conduits. chemiluminescence unit is executed in two versions differing by construction of casings and
cells enclosed in them. Apparatus is simultaneously used for disinfecting and destroying impurities
and controlling their content in any treatment stage. EFFECT: extended functional possibilities and
efficiency of apparatus. 5 cl, 3 dw

FIELD: ozonization of drinkable water in water supply systems, in individual systems of purification of
drinkable water, disinfection of sewage for ecological purposes. SUBSTANCE: gear for ozone
treatment of water has reaction chamber with discharge electrodes and branch pipes to supply and
discharge water and gas, high-potential electrode placed axially, connected to positive pole of high-
voltage source located inside dielectric tube blown through with air and having holes in discharge
zone. Low-potential electrode connected to negative pole of high-voltage source is separated from
reaction chamber by porous tube to form ring space to supply treated water. EFFECT: simplified
design of gear for ozone treatment of water, stabilization of operation of reaction chamber, more
efficient usage of oxidizing agents and ultraviolet radiation for oxidation of impurities in water. 1 dw

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus contains casing enclosing disinfection filter in the 1
form of membrane element packet, each element consisting of two flat membranes and a separation
plate between them made in a monoblock unit. Each plate has four holes in its corners, the two ones
designed for withdrawal of treated water and two remaining holes for water supply. Apparatus also
contains ""busofit"" sorption unit and a fibrous material chemisorption unit, valve connected to water-
supply network, and pressure regulator mounted between valve and disinfection filter. EFFECT:
improved water treatment quality and accelerated filtration. 2 cl, 2 dwg, 1 t
decontaminating liquid radioactive wastes by diaphragm-sorption method. SUBSTANCE: method
involves pre-clarifying of slightly mineralized and slightly contaminated water in sediment tank filled
with suspended crushed zeolite-production wastes. Then water is cleaned of remaining suspended
substances by means of mechanical filters and ultraviolet filters with concentrated product (50-90% of
water flow) returned to sediment tank followed by additional decontamination of water by means of
filters with synthetic sodium zeolite. Clean water is supplied to intermediate tank and sediment
containing secondary wastes is immobilized in cement. Proposed method provides for
decontaminating water from beta-nuclides by 102-103 times, reducing amount of secondary wastes
by 0.2% of source water volume, reducing leaching of radionuclides from solidification products to
maximum 1.10-3g/cm2 a day. EFFECT: provision for waste disposal to simple burial ground. 1 d

purification of potable water by filtration. SUBSTANCE: domestic filter has filtering module mounted 1
below reservoir containing water to purified. Filtering module consists of first layer for cleaning water
from organic admixtures and introducing silver cations; second layer is used for decontamination of
water by iodine compounds and third layer is used for removal of excessive iodine compounds from
water and cleaning it from cations, anions and organic admixtures. Third layer is made in form of
mixture of activated carbon and anion-exchange resin or in form of mixture of activated carbon, anion-
exchange resin and cation-exchange resin or anion-exchange resin and mixture of activated carbon
and cation-exchange resin laid in way of water flow. Module is placed for flow of water by gravity
either downward or upward. EFFECT: preparation of decontaminated water at high organoleptic
properties. 13 cl, 4 d

technology of water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the combined methods of drinking
water treatment using chemical reagents and ultraviolet radiation. Method of producing drinking water
involves its filtration, preliminary treatment, sterilization by UV-radiation and the following conditioning
by addition of silver ions. Preliminary treatment of water is carried out by chlorination and sterilization
of water layer is carried out in device of tray type using low-pressure mercury lamps producing
preferably UV-irradiation with the wavelength 260 40 nm being these lamps are disposed over the
layer of water to be treated with a height 20-50 cm in the dose of irradiation 15-30 mJ/cm2. The
conditioning is performed by the dosed feeding silver complex ammonia compounds of the formula
Ag(NH3)2NO3 or Ag(NH3)2SO4 or a mixture of these compounds up to the final silver concentration
0.005-0.05 mg/l in water to be treated. Indicated solution of ammonia complex compound/silver
compound is prepared by mixing 0.1- 1.0% solution of AgNO3 and/or Ag2SO4 and gaseous ammonia
or ammonia water up to the ratio Ag+ : NH3 = 2.8-3.0. Method provides the production of drinking
water being among from very infected sources and possibility of storage of the produced water for a
long time without its deterioration of its quality. Invention can be used for drinking water disinfection in
water supply systems of settlements, in ships and special mobile units used in extreme situations.
EFFECT: simplified and accelerated method. 5 cl, 1 tbl, 3

liquid cleaning filters; treatment of drinking water at home and under field conditions. SUBSTANCE: 1
filter has housing with bottom where filter element made from porous material is mounted; filter has at
least one hole in bottom for passage of filtrate. Secured on the outside of bottom is bent funnel for
truncated the jet in required direction. Secured on opposite side of housing is bent detachable swivel
branch pipe for discharge of water which is not completely cleaned; it is provided with unit for control
of water flow rate. This branch pipe is provided with splitter made in form of fins secured to inner
walls. Branch pipe for delivery of water to be cleaned is secured to housing at angle and is provided
with retainer for securing the filter on pipe line supplying water to be cleaned. EFFECT: possibility of
cleaning water of mechanical particles more than 0.2 mkm in size and dissolved admixtures,
imparting medicinal properties of cleaned water; ease of servicing; possibility of visual estimation of
moment of regeneration. 10 cl, 3 d

water supply equipment. SUBSTANCE: station has vertical chamber with supplying and discharge
branch pipes, closure, ejector, germicidal ultraviolet lamp and protective quartz casing, which are
arranged coaxially inside chamber cavity. Station is further equipped with first raising pump, filter,
perforated tube, circulating pump, ozonizer, concentration meter, concentration meter sensor, coal
adsorber block, pressure sensors, lock valves with electromagnetic drives, position sensor for lock
valves with electromagnetic drives and control unit. Station may be used for supplying water to
miner's settlements, vessels, individual systems, as well as in cases of elementary extraordinary
situations. EFFECT: increased efficiency in treating potable water. 1 d
membrane separation of solutions and suspensions. SUBSTANCE: method may be used in methods 1
and means of purification of natural waters, industrial sewage in systems of potable water supply,
public utilities and various industries. Proposed method of water purification from mechanical
impurities, microorganisms, high-molecular compounds, and salts of heavy metals by ultrafiltration
includes preliminary coarse purification of water, stage of water filtering through electrified
membranes by water flowing above each membrane at velocity of 1-2 m/s with pressure maintained
within 0.3 ± 0.01 MPa above membrane and atmospheric pressure under it. Water is aerated prior to
filtration, and stages of filtration and regeneration are alternated. According to the first version
membrane plant includes located on frame and interconnected with one another by pipelines: pump
for supply of water to be purified, coarse filter, vessel for collection of purified water (repeate),
concentration vessel, buffer vessel, pump for water transfer from buffer vessel to concentration
vessel, pump for supply of purified water (repeate) to user and control apparatuses. According to the
second version, membrane plant includes located on frame and interconnected by pipelines: pump for
supply of water to be purified, coarse filter, purified water accumulating vessel, concentration vessel,
pump for supply of purified water to user and control apparatuses. Proposed method and device solve
problem of production of purified water (repeate) of high degree of purification with higher process
productivity. EFFECT: higher efficiency and productivity of water purification. 15 cl, 3 dwg, 1 t

sea water desalination systems. SUBSTANCE: plant includes high- pressure plunger pump, inversely 1
osmic distilling module and sea water prefilter provided with filter cartridges and mounted between
pump and distilling module; filter cartridges have different diameters and different pores; at least three
cartridges of lesser diameter with smaller pores are placed in cavity of each cartridge of larger
diameter with larger pores. Besides that, filter cartridges are made for elastic deformation in radial
direction under action of pulse pressure of sea water. EFFECT: improved vibration and noise
characteristics of plant; reduced operational expenses; increased service life of semipermeable
membranes. 6 d

methods of multi-stage purification of natural water in open and underground sources; domestic water 1
supply systems. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes ultrafiltration followed by microfiltration and
treatment with ultra-violet radiation; to this end, water is passed through reactor containing pulse
continuous spectrum xenon lamps mainly generating ultra-violet radiation at length of wave of 200 to
400 nm, frequency of 1 to 1.3 Hz, specific power requirements of 1 to 3 kJ/cu. m density of flow of 1 to
3 kW/sq/m; then water is directed for sorption purification in charcoal filter treated preliminarily with
0.1 to 1.0-% solution of argentums salt Ag2SO4 or AgNO3 at addition of gaseous ammonia or
ammonia water till Ag+:NH3, mass ratio of 2.8 to 3.0 has been attained; addition of gaseous ammonia
of ammonia water is accompanied by continuous mixing; said solution of complex argentums
compound is regularly introduced into water being treated by means of proportioner before
ultrafiltration at content of argentums ions of 0.005 mg/1 and before microfiltration at content of
argentums ions of 0.002 mg/1. EFFECT: extended field of application; enhanced operational reliability
and ecological safe method ensuring protracted operation without biological fouling of membranes
and sorbent; avoidance of secondary biological contamination of water during extended period of time
(no less than month). 7 cl, 1 tbl, 2
FIELD: water supply systems; cleaning water from toxic admixtures, such as iron, manganese, heavy
metals and their compounds, hydrogen sulfide; preparation of potable water. SUBSTANCE: according
to first version, plant is provided with inlet branch pipe connecting the starting water source with
coarse filter whose tubular elements are made in form of stainless steel screen with meshes of 30-50
mkm. Connected to pipe line coupling the coarse filter with bioreactor is aeration unit including
compressor, receiver with relay for switching on/off compressor, moisture trap, check valve and water-
jet ejector which are connected in series. Hermetic bioreactor is provided with packing of spatial non-
oriented cellular structure occupying entire area of cross section; it is formed by interwoven filaments
at volume weight of 0.02- 0.03 g/cu cm at porosity no less than 96%. Microorganisms: iron,
manganese and hydrogen sulfide destructors are secured on packing. Packing is placed in housing of
bioreactor and ascending flow of water passes through it. Bioreactor is connected with hermetic
contact filter provided with tubular elements made porous material, polypropylene, for example whose
pores have size of 10-50 mkm. Contact filter is connected by means of pipe line with hermetic
decontaminating unit made in form of ultra-violet lamp and connected with hermetic clarifying filter
whose tubular elements are made from porous material sintered from titanium powder; size of its
pores ranges from 10 to 50 mkm. Clarifying filter is connected by means of pipe line with water supply
system. Bioreactor, contact filter and clarifying filter are provided with gas discharge units made in
form of float valves and interconnected flushing water discharge pipe line through shut-off units;
flushing water discharge pipe line is connected with sewage line through tank with siphon and check
valve. Inlet branch pipe is connected with water dispensing line by means of outlet branch pipe and
bypass pipe line fitted with shut-off units at the beginning and at the end. According to all versions,
plant satisfies technical requirements in full scope at stable pressure and flow rate. EFFECT:
enhanced efficiency. 60 cl, 6 dwg, 1 t

FIELD: water supply. SUBSTANCE: initial water is consecutively subjected to different treatment
operations, in[procedure filtration, sorption, UV disinfection, coagulation, flocculation, sorption, and
supplementary sodium hypochlorite-assisted disinfecting. Water collected in admission tank is finely
aerated and freed of free carbonic acid. Addition of reagents is controlled by water consumption
counters at the contact clarifier outlet. Water to be treated comes from surface sources with 75 mg/l
suspended particles at flow rate at least 200 cu.m/day, daily volume of rinsing water being 22.2 cu. m.
Sorption filter is charged by activated carbon with grain size 1- 3 mm, total area of sorption filters
being 1.55 sq.m. Filters are rinsed with periodicity at least 12 h using 12.5 l water daily for total
amount of water under treatment within limits up to 229 cu.m a day. UV disinfection is carried out with
nominal productivity 6 cu.m/h and demand for hypochlorite is specified within limits up to 173 l/month.
EFFECT: increased cleaning efficienc

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: process is realized in liquid-gas ejector with air at excess
pressure no higher than 0.03 atm and water supply velocity by 25% exceeding sound speed in water-
air system. Water is further filtered and, if necessary, subjected to disinfecting UV irradiation. When air
treatment is conducted, process proceeds at reduced absolute pressure equal to 0,3-0.7 atm. In
cases of high iron content and low carbonate hardness, air is fed under atmospheric pressure and, in
cases of high carbonate hardness and low iron content, air is fed under excess pressure no higher
than 0.3 atm. Treated water contains Fe

FIELD: polymeric membranes. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes polymeric semipermeable 1

membranes for separation of aqueous solution in food and chemical industries, for desalting and
cleaning of water in medical practice, and for manufacturing household water purifiers. Cellulose
acetate is modified with phthalic acid anhydride or with succinic acid at 80-85 C during 2,5-3 h until
content of bound phthalic or succinic acid reaches 1.5 to 6,0% based on the initial weight of cellulose
acetate and so forming solution is obtained containing, wt parts/wt parts water: modified cellulose
acetate 8.0-18.0, water 10.0-15.0, pore former 0.1- 2.0, and solvent - the balance. Solution is laid onto
porous substrate and subjected to heat treatment. EFFECT: increased selectivity and productivity of
membrane. 9
FIELD: nature-preservative technologies. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for detoxification of
both drinking and waste waters in a variety of areas. When method is performed in flow volumes,
water flow is subjected to hydrodynamic cavitation treatment and then to UV irradiation, the first
operation is effected stepwise with the aid of additionally installed cavitation exciters. Before cavitation
treatment , water flow is narrowed to obtain flow velocity 19.0-28.0 m/s, for which aim cross-section
areas in the steps are selected basing on following relationships: S= (13.2-14.6)10-6Q, Si = nh(di+ai),
where S1 is first-step cross-section area, sq.m; Q water intake, sq.m/h; Si i-step cross-section area,
sq.m; ai distance between i-step exciters, m; di i-step exciter diameter, m; n number of exciters in
each step; h height of cavitation exciter in each step, m; (13,2-14,6)10-6 is factor determining reverse
value of water flow velocity before the first step of exciters, h/m. Cavitation exciters are mounted in the
step cross-section using relationships: +0.975i-0.3 and -0.625+1.45, whereas intensity of UV
irradiation is 13.5-15.0 mJ/sq.cm. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of detoxification of water due to
increased synergetic effect by way of intensification of hydrodynamic cavitation. 2 dwg, 1 t

FIELD: module units for decontamination and disinfection of water by ultra-violet radiation of 1
bactericide range+ADs- treatment of surface water and sewage. SUBSTANCE: proposed module
includes vertical ultra-violet lamps and transversal grids with holes for lamps where cleaning rings are
mounted. Grids are provided with motion member in form f two telescopic cylinders. Water being
cleaned is used as working medium for motion member. Module system includes pressure building
source located in water being treated or in closed reservoir provided with filters. EFFECT: reduced
power requirements. 4 cl, 4 dwg, 2

FIELD: water treatment, in particular, production of artificial mineralized water. SUBSTANCE:

apparatus has primary purification unit, hardness and pH value regulating unit, ultraviolet disinfecting
unit with outer emitter, adsorption purification unit, ceramic filter unit, reverse osmosis purification unit,
ultraviolet disinfecting unit with submersed emitter, ozonizing unit, and mineralizing unit. Said units are
hydraulically and sequentially connected with one another. Apparatus of such construction allows
mineralized water with optimal ratio of basic biogenic elements and apyrogenic (bacteria-free) water
with predetermined mineral composition to be produced. EFFECT: increased efficiency and enhanced
reliability in operation. 1 d

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for treating water by ultraviolet
radiation, hydrogen peroxide, and silver- and titanium dioxide- containing heterogeneous catalyst,
which can be used for disinfecting water in water-supply systems of separate buildings, towns and
other inhabited localities. Process consists in that starting water is passed, at velocity 0.6-1.0 cu.m/h,
through reactor provided with continuous-spectrum pulse xenon lamps emitting largely UV rays with
wavelength 200-400 nm, frequency 1-1.3 Hz, specific power consumption 2-5 kJ/cu., and current
density 2-5 kW/sq.m, after which 50-100 mg/l of hydrogen peroxide is added and water is passed
through second reactor filled with heterogeneous catalyst prepared by mixing rutile powder no greater
than 0.5 mm of particle size with silver metal consisting of particles no greater than 0.05 mm at their
weight ratio (700- 1000):1, and subsequent addition of water to form paste, which is partially dried at
100-110 C and molded, for example, into tablets. Advantageously, catalyst is used in amount 0.5-1.5
mg/l. EFFECT: simplified process and prevented secondary bacterial infection of water for long time. 3
cl, 1 tbl, 2

FIELD: devices for sanitary treatment of water and other liquids, possibly used independently and in
combination with other systems for disinfecting liquid products. SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes
housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, UV-irradiation source. Housing has inner coating of
oxidized aluminum. Inside housing there are quartz tubes along which flow forming members are
arranged. Said members are in the form of helically twisted quartz plates mounted with possibility of
rotation; ends of quartz tubes are secured to housing by their inner plugs and they are joined with first
and second distributing chambers closed by means of first and second outer plugs provided with
branch pipes. EFFECT: possibility for enhancing disinfection degree of water, for treating liquid
products of any chemical activity and transparency. 1 d
FIELD: methods of cleaning water by ozone technology. SUBSTANCE: proposed plant includes pump
located on circulating pipe lines, sand filter, bypass main with ozonizer and adjusting valve fitted
between inlet and outlet of bypass main, as well as ultra-violet radiation source located on section of
pipe line between inlet and outlet of bypass main. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of cleaning. 1 d

FIELD: electrochemical method of purification and disinfection of sewage, industrial and other water,
especially contaminated by ions of heavy metals, other inorganic and organic harmful substances.
SUBSTANCE: invention can find use at factories of non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry, radio
electronics, mechanical engineering and other branches of technology. Process of water purification
and disinfection includes treatment of water with ozone-carrying gas with imposition of electric field
and ultraviolet radiation. Water is treated with ozone-carrying gas by mixing till mixture with
concentration of ozone from 6 to 15 mg/l is obtained, electric field is formed by transmission of electric
current with density from 0.01 to 0.025 A/sq cm through obtained mixture. Ultraviolet source which
power lies between 100.0 and 200.0 W is used. Obtained water mixture is treated by imposition of
electric field and ultraviolet radiation in the course of over 5 min. EFFECT: raised degree of
purification of water from metals and organic compounds. 1 cl, 2 t

FIELD: water treatment. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to treatment of water, industrial and
household waste waters, in particular to multistage treatment of water. Process can be used for
production of drinking water by treating natural surface and underground waters. To this end, following
operations are consecutively performed: disinfecting by UF irradiation in dose 30 mJ/sq.cm, treatment
with coagulant (aluminum sulfate) and then with flocculant (polyacrylamide) in amount 0.05- 0.2
mg/cu.dm followed by clarification in a bed of foamed plastic bricks or foamed polystyrene, and
filtration through quartz sand with grain fineness 0.3-1.5 mm and gravel with particle size 0.5-5 mm.
EFFECT: simplified production technology and reduced expenses on equipment. 1 dwg, 2 t

FIELD: chemical technology; devices for conversion of water or aqueous solution into water or 1
aqueous solution with micro-particles of molecular dispersion. SUBSTANCE: proposed reactor may
be used for water treatment processes and delivery of treated water to various water supply systems
in order to reduce scaling on heat-transfer surfaces, as well as in water treatment systems
(deferrizaion, ion-exchange filtering, decontamination and control of corrosion of pipe lines). Device
proposed for realization of this method includes electrochemical reactor, power supply control unit and
volt- ampere sensor. Control unit includes computer, power supply source and electrode power supply
mode control device. Electrochemical reactor consists of two cylindrical electrodes located one inside
other at definite distance. Ratio of length of electrodes to inter-electrode distance is more than or
equal to 200. Proposed reactor ensures high-rate electrochemical conversion of ionogenic agents in
water into neutral atoms of molecular dispersion at which magnitudes of current (j) and voltage (u)
correspond to magnitudes of voltage and current at point determining beginning of linear section of
volt-ampere characteristic of electrode system of electrochemical reactor. EFFECT: enhanced
efficiency. 8 cl, 5 dwg, 1 t

FIELD: preparation of water for household and technical usage. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to
facilities for water disinfection and heating to technological temperatures with the help of ultraviolet
radiation. Water preparation equipment is provided with enclosure fitted with inlet and outlet branch
pipes to supply and discharge water inside which housing is positioned. Enclosure and housing are
separable, aid to mix water is located inside housing. It is put tight on shaft of electric motor placed in
protective tube made fast to housing. UV radiation source is situated between UV radiation reflector
and surface of treated water and is equipped with means creating electrostatic barrier impenetrable to
charged incompletely oxidized particles. Equipment, its enclosure and housing can be cooled by
means of running water flowing between walls of enclosure and housing. UV radiation reflector comes
in the form of polished steel plate. Aid to mix water is implemented in the form of single double-level
blade as minimum. Means creating electrostatic barrier impenetrable to charged incompletely
oxidized particles has form of grid made of platinite. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of water
sterilization, potential for simultaneous effective water disinfection and heating to technological
temperatures. 9 cl, 1 d
FIELD: treatment of waste water. ^ SUBSTANCE: method includes the use of pulses of ultraviolet
radiation in the automatic pumping system which controls flow rate and radiation power in each rector
module in real time. The state of initial water is adjusted to the radiation dose necessary for the
production of water with a required purification quality. ^ EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of purification.
^ 26 cl, 4 d

FIELD: treatment of water. ^ SUBSTANCE: device has ultraviolet emitter, reflector, source of oxygen,
ozonizer, jet device with quartz window, spiral blade, vertical pipe system, meter of concentration of
dissolved ozone in running water, control unit, servo drive, valve, check valve, tap, electrically driven
gates, pickups of position of the electrically driven gates, two pressure pickups, and control unit. ^
EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of disinfection. ^ 2 d

FIELD: water treatment; decontamination of water in submersible habitable vehicles. ^ SUBSTANCE:

proposed bactericide apparatus has housing provided with water supply and discharge branch pipes
and divided into radiation and clarification chambers with filtration cartridges. Radiation chamber is
made in form of U-shaped pipe with ultraviolet lamp and water flow swirler mounted coaxially in each
side section. Water flow swirler may be made in form of disk with though holes which are inclined
relative to disk axis. Disk are located as mirror image relative to each other. Water supply and
discharge branch pipes are located at distance from upper edge of side sections H>d/2, where d is
inner diameter of branch pipe. Water clarification chamber is secured between side sections of U-
shaped pipe and is hydraulically connected with one of side sections. Filter cartridges may be made
from elasto-deformable microporous material, for example polymer fibers. ^ EFFECT: improved
quality of decontamination; compactness of apparatus; reduced vibrations and noise. ^ 3 cl, 10 d

FIELD: production of sweet water from surface water sources exhibiting high cloudiness and
increased content of ammonium nitrogen and dissolved organic contaminants. ^ SUBSTANCE: water
treatment station has water intake, raising pump, ozonizer, prefilter, activated carbon filter, and is
further equipped with jet blower having quartz glass window, UV emitter, reflector, helical blade,
vertical tubular system, device for measuring concentration of water-dissolved ozone, setter,
comparator, follower drive, slide valve, return valve, reservoir-wash water accumulator, washing
pump, valve driven by float-type drive, electrified slide gates, devices for detecting position of
electrified slide gates, pressure sensors and control unit with related connections. Water treatment
station of such construction is preferably used for treating water of surface sources with variable
contamination extent, which is increased owing to contaminants occasionally got into said water
source. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency in water treatment and improved ecology control. ^ 1 d

FIELD: water treatment. ^ SUBSTANCE: process of treatment of iron-rich natural underground water
comprises oxidant treatment, filtration through inert charge, washing of charge, disinfecting of water
by UV emission, and transportation of treated water to consumers. Filtration is carried out in
countercurrent mode through movable charge bed in filtration apparatus provided with air lift. Charge
is washed in the top part of the apparatus simultaneously with filtration, ratio of apparatus operation
time in filtration mode to that in simultaneous filtration/washing mode equals (5-1):1. Wash water
containing suspended particles is sent to separation stage, after which liquid phase is returned into
treatment stage and solid phase is removed from the process. Inert charge is represented by quartz
sand fraction 0.3-2.0 mm, which moves with the bed at linear velocity 2 to 10 mm/min, ratio of wash
water stream to sand stream in sand washing section being (0.6-2):1. Separation of wash water into
solid and liquid phases is accomplished by filtration, simple separation, or settling. Solid phase
withdrawn from the process is sent to production of pigments. ^ EFFECT: enabled wasteless and
continuous water treatment process. ^ 5 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 4
FIELD: desalination of sea water and natural brackish waters. ^ SUBSTANCE: the Invention is dealt 1
with the field of desalination of sea water and natural brackish waters. The membranous installation
includes a pump of feeding of the initial sea water, a high-pressure pump, a membranous module, a
recuperator of pressure and an osmotic membranous module in series connected with an additional
recuperator of pressure. The second version of membranous installation includes a pump of feeding
of initial sea water, a high-pressure pump, a membranous module, a recuperator of pressure and an
osmotic membranous module in series connected with an additional recuperator of pressure. At that
as the pump of feeding of initial sea water they use the additional recuperator of pressure. Besides
the installations may include no less than two in series connected pairs consisting of an osmotic
membranous module and an additional recuperator of pressure. The technical result is reduction of
power consumptions at the sea and natural brackish waters desalination. ^ EFFECT: the invention
ensures reduction of power consumptions at the sea and natural brackish waters desalination. ^ 4 cl,
4d

FIELD: water treatment. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleavage of organics in water containing
more than 2 ppm toxic organics along with carbonic acid or carbonates performed by treating water
with ozone and to generation of chlorine by electrolysis of sodium chloride using aqueous sodium
chloride solution obtained during ozonation of water containing more than 2 ppm toxic organics and 2
to 20% sodium chloride along with dissolved carbonic acid or carbonates. Ozonation is carried out at
10 to 130 and gauge pressure from 0.5 to 3 bar over a period of time from 1 min to 10 h, pH of
supplied water being within a range of 2 to 11. Such procedure lowers content of organics in water
containing at least 0.1% carbonic acid or carbonates, while concentration of toxic organics falls below
1 ppm. ^ EFFECT: increased process efficiency and avoided use conventional chemicals, excessive
pH, and UV emission. ^ 1 dwg, 2 t

FIELD: high quality drinking water preparation plants. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to
the field of high quality drinking water preparation plants and may be used for drinking water supply of
the populated settlements and industrial enterprises predominantly from the superficial water-supply
sources. The drinking water preparation plant containing a superficial water-supply source, a water
raising pump, a filtering screen, water jet system of the filtering screen flashing, a jet device with a
window out of a quartz glass, an ultra-violet emitter, a deflective reflector, a spiral blade, a vertically-
tubular system, an ozonizer, a concentratometer of the dissolved ozone in water, a setting device, a
comparator, a servo drive, a valve, a tank-collector of flush water, a washout pump, a valve with a float
drive unit, electric sliding shutters, sensors of positions of the electric sliding shutters, pressure
detectors, a control unit and a pressure filter with a separating retaining grate and crossed nozzles
and an external branch-pipe with a safety net. The technical result of the invention is improvement of
quality of the treated water and profitability of the plant. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures
improvement of quality of the treated water and profitability of the plant. ^ 1 d

FIELD: water filtration. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in liquid filters, mainly, jug-type filters for 1
cleaning drinking water. Proposed filtration device consists of housing filled with filtering material and
provided with at least one outlet hole in base, cover with holes to let in water and let out air, and at
least one locking device arranged between housing and cover. Said locking is furnished with at least
one valve. ^ EFFECT: improved reliability and service characteristics of device. ^ 15 cl, 7 d

FIELD: filtration. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed diaphragm ultra-microfiltration roll material consist of 1

perforated tube to let out filtrate, diaphragm packs spirally wound on tube through turbulizing net and
sealing cup arranged on one end face of roll element. Diaphragm packs contain drain plate and
semipenetrable diaphragm. Drain plate consists of two sheets, one place onto the other, forming
common drain channels. From outside, roll element is provided with free outlet of turbulizers
separating diaphragm packs and is wrapped in turbulizing net. Sealing cup of definite diameter is
arranged at end face of roll material opposite to delivery of liquid to be filtered. Method of restoration
of serviceability of diaphragm ultra-microfiltration element includes washing by filtrate delivered in
counterflow through let-out line of filtrate and treatment with water-air mixture delivered in line of flow
of filtered medium. Method is effected at definite parameters of flow rate of washing liquid and mixture
and time of washing and treatment. ^ EFFECT: possibility of restoration of serviceability of filtering
element in service, improved service characteristics. ^ 3 cl, 1 tbl, 1 d
FIELD: liquid purification by filtering. ^ SUBSTANCE: filter for multiple-stage filtering of liquid has 1
chamber equipped with liquid flow inlet and liquid flow outlet; first filter stage provided within said
chamber and fluidly communicating with said inlet, said first filter stage comprising material for
removal of microorganisms; second filter stage provided within said chamber and fluidly
communicating with said outlet, said second filter stage comprising activated carbon. Second filter
stage is positioned in said chamber so as to allow liquid to flow through first filter stage before it flows
through second filter stage. Filter has third filter stage provided within said chamber and positioned so
as to allow liquid to flow through third filter stage before it flows through first filter stage. Third filter
stage is made in the form of micro fiber glass web with pores having sizes reducing in the course of
flow of the liquid. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency in removal of various microorganisms from liquid. ^
33 cl, 4 d

FIELD: filtering equipment, in particular, portable filters for purifying of water under field or combat 1
conditions. ^ SUBSTANCE: portable filter has piston pump which is hand-held during operation of
filter, filtering members arranged at pump pressure line, inlet and outlet branch pipes for supplying of
contaminated water and discharge of pure water, and individual reservoir to be filled with
contaminated water by scooping it up, and independent filtering unit made in the form of case
equipped with locks and branch pipes for supplying of contaminated water and discharge of pure
water. Piston pump is fixed in reservoir. Filtering members are arranged in case in the course of flow
of liquid and are made in the form of at least three purification stages: metal wire net filter for coarse
purification of liquid, metal wire net filter for fine purification of liquid, and bactericidal filter. Reservoir
is furnished with outlet pressure branch pipe connected through flexible hose with inlet branch pipe of
filtering unit. Reservoir to be filled with contaminated water by scooping it up is made in the form of
bucket closed with cover equipped with water intake slot. Hand-held piston has rotary lever pivotally
connected with pump piston end projecting from cover and with cover itself, and is adapted for
reciprocating of piston in cylinder. ^ EFFECT: convenient and safe usage under field or combat
conditions, improved accessibility for repair, increased durability, prolonged service life, compact
construction, provision for fine filtering and increased purification extent. ^ 7 cl, 1 d

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: method involves measuring internal water energy to be used in
activating treatment. Water is activated by exposing it to non-filtered modulated light of ultraviolet
bandwidth containing at least 30% of ultraviolet quanta having wavelength equal to 350 nm in the
luminous flow. Water is treated for a time required for increasing internal water energy at least twice
as large. Biological objects are treated with active water in contact mode. When treating, internal
water energy lost during interaction with the biological agent and vital functions of biological objects
are concurrently measured and recorded. Stability in changes or recovery of injured or physiologically
modifiable vital functions of biological objects being achieved, the treatment is stopped. ^ EFFECT:
enhanced effectiveness of treatment. ^ 2 cl, 1 t

FIELD: ecology; multi-stage methods of cleaning and decontamination of portable water; final 1
cleaning and conditioning of tap water. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes preliminary
filtration of water at first stage of micro-filtration through porous filter element made in form of tube
from porous titanium or radiation-modified porous polyethylene at size of pores from 1 to 5 mcm in
direction perpendicular to water flow; part of treated water is periodically discharged for use; after
preliminary filtration, water flow rate is averaged to 15-20 l/h, after which is treated with ions of
decontaminant; silver is used as contaminant; procedure is continued till concentration of silver
reaches 0.1-0.0025 mg/l; second stage of micro-filtration is effected by means of porous filter element
made from ceramics or cermet at size of popers of 0.2-0.4 mcm and then water is subjected to
degassing. ^ EFFECT: low cost of process; possibility of performing ecologically pure technology of
cleaning water. ^ 6 cl, 2
FIELD: environmental protection; agriculture; food industry; microbiological industry; other industries;
municipal economy; methods of disinfection of the potable and waste waters. ^ SUBSTANCE: the
invention is pertaining to the environmental protection, in particular, to the method of disinfection of
the potable and waste water and may be used in agriculture, municipal economy and also in food
industry, microbiological and other industries. The method provide for usage of the cavitational effect
at the water system passing through the generator of the developed cavitation of the running type.
Before the cavitation conduct the preliminary activation of the water system with the help of the
nozzle. In the nozzle form the high value of the hydraulic resistance of the flow and the liquid friction
coefficient on the nozzle walls. The temperature of the liquid is rising, the kinetic energy of the liquid
movement transfers into the power of the chemical transformations of the components of the liquid
system. Application of the method allows refuse the usage of the ultra-violet treatment of the water
system. The technical result of the invention consists in simplification of the method of the water
disinfection, reduction of the material and power inputs. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures
simplification of the method of the water disinfection, reduction of the material and power inputs. ^ 1
dwg, 1 ex, 2 t

FIELD: micro-purification of the liquids; installations for the reagent-free deep micro-purification of the 1
liquids. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of purification of the liquids, including
the drinking water from the mechanical impurities and the harmful substances, in particular, to the
design of the installation for the micro-purification of the liquids. The installation includes the split body
with the inlet and outlet connecting pipes and the filtering component made out of the concentrically
mounted with respect to each other and the body of the cylinders made out of the different materials:
the exterior cylinder is made out of the single-layer woven corrosion-proof net with the preferential
dimension of the meshes of 20-25 microns pulled over the carcass produced out of the perforated
sheet of the stainless steel; the middle cylinder is made out of the porous polypropylene with wall
thickness of 18 mm with the filtering capacity from 20 microns on the external surface and up to 5
microns on the internal surface; the internal cylinder is made out of the sintered titanium powder with
a preferential pore size of 5-7 microns. The installation may be additionally supplied with the
analogously produced filtration components mounted non-concentrically to the body. The technical
result of the invention is simplicity and reliability in operation of the ecologically pure and reactant-free
device for the micro-purification of the water and other liquids. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures
simplicity and reliability in operation of the ecologically pure and reactant-free device for the micro-
purification of the water and other liquids. ^ 4 cl, 1 d

FIELD: municipal services; multistage methods of the waters decontamination. ^ SUBSTANCE: the
invention is pertaining to the multistage methods of water treatment with application of the ultra-violet
(UV) irradiation and the reactants and may be used for purification and decontamination of the
portable water in the water supply systems of the settlements. The method of decontamination of the
portable water includes its treatment with hydrogen peroxide, the UV irradiation in the range of the
wave lengths of 200-400 nanometers and injection of argentum ions. At that the argentum ions are
introduced with the concentration of 0.0005-0.003 mg/l in two stages - at the first stage the half of the
total amounts introduced, keep the water within 1 hour at the constant air stirring. Then the hydrogen
peroxide is introduced, keep the mixture for 1 hour and gate the water through the UV-irradiation
installation at the frequency of the irradiation of 0.8-1 Hz and the specific power inputs of 0.8-1 kJ/m3
with the simultaneous feeding of the second half of the argentums ions. In the capacity of the source
of argentums ions may be used the water solution of salts of argentum or the water solutions of
ammoniac complexes of the argentum prepared by addition at the stirring action to the 0.2 % solution
of Ag2SO4 or AgNO3 of gaseous ammonia at the mass ratio Ag+:NH3, equal to 1:2.8-3.0. can be.
After injection of the first half of the argentums ions the aging is conducted at the ratio of volumes of
water and the gated through air as 1:1-3. The method ensures expansion of the range of means of the
portable water decontamination and creation of the ecologically reliable method having the capability
of prevention of the secondary bacterial contamination for the long time at reduction of the quantity of
the used argentum and decrease of the power consumption. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures
expansion of the means of the portable water decontamination, creation of the ecologically reliable
method allowing to prevent the secondary bacterial contamination of the water for the long time at
reduction of the used argentum quantity and power consumption. ^ 3 cl, 1 tbl, 4
FIELD: municipal services; devices for decontamination of the running water. ^ SUBSTANCE: the
invention is pertaining to the devices for decontamination of the running water with the varying in time
its turbidity and containing in its composition predominantly the hardly- oxidizable substances,
pathogenic bacteria, viruses and may be used for treatment of the water consumed for the household
activity and drinking needs, for decontamination of the biologically purified waste waters at their
pouring out in the reservoir and for other similar purposes. The device for decontamination of the
running water contains: the ultra-violet emitter, the reflector, the source of the industrial oxygen, the
ozonizer, the jet device, the spiral vane, the upright-tubular system, the concentration meter of the
dissolved ozone in the running water, the setting device, the comparator, the tracking drive, the gate
unit, the reverse valve, the cock, the electrified shutters, two pressure detectors and the control unit.
At that the device additionally contains the turbidity meter, the functional transformer and the
switchboard. At that the mixing chamber of the jet device is made out of the quartz glass, the ultra-
violet emitter consists of the separate ultra-violet lamps arranged axially in respect to the quartz
mixing chamber of the jet device, the turbidity meter is mounted at the inlet of the jet device, the outlet
of the turbidity meter is connected to the inlet of the functional transformer, the control unit is
connected to the outlet of the functional transformer and with the inlet of the switchboard and the
outlet of the switchboard is connected to lamps of the ultra-violet emitter. The technical result of the
invention consists in the increased efficiency of decontamination of the running water at its turbidity
varying in the time. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased efficiency of decontamination of
the running water at its turbidity varying in the time. ^ 2 d

FIELD: sea water distilling units; compact and small-sized marine distilling plants. ^ SUBSTANCE: 1
proposed distilling plant includes high-pressure plunger pump, preliminary sea water cleaning filter,
inversely-osmotic distilling module and shut-off and adjusting fittings; preliminary sea water cleaning
filter consists of coarse filtering cartridge of large diameter with fine filtering cartridges of smaller
diameter arranged inside it; filtering cartridge is mounted in cylindrical housing. Distilling plant
includes additionally adjustable check valve for directing the flow to pump which is fitted in delivery
pipe line of pump past its standard outlet valve; distilling plant is also provided with hydraulic
accumulator connected to outlet pipe line of sea water preliminary cleaning filter through throttle valve
and check valve mounted in parallel for directing the flow from hydraulic accumulator; plant is
provided with adjustable check valve mounted in filter outlet pipe line for directing the flow from filter
after point of connection of hydraulic accumulator. Delivery pipe line of pump is connected with
cylindrical housing of filter in its upper part through inlet branch pipe which is tangential to housing; at
the bottom, housing has external taper tray with pipe line; inner cavity of coarse filtering cartridge is
communicated at the bottom with external taper tray provided with pipe line arranged inside external
tray; coarse and fine filtering cartridges are made in form of rigid carcasses. ^ EFFECT: improved
quality of preliminary cleaning of sea water due to effective three-stage filtration; increased service life
of distilling module; reduction of vibration and noise level. ^ 2 d

FIELD: soft drink industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of purified artesian waters
conditioned regarding their salt composition and used as drinking, table, and healing water.
Preparation procedure comprises mixing at 1:15 volume ratio, respectively, (i) original artesian
mineral water from Sarmat water-bearing bed and containing, mg/L: calcium cation 150-200,
magnesium cation 40-60, sodium + potassium cations 100-200, chlorine anion
FIELD: environmental protection; devices for purification of water. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention is
pertaining to the devices for purification of water and may be used in the pipeline transportation in
different branches of industry, as well as in preparation of the water in the swimming pools. The
regenerator of the swimming pools water contains: the pipe duct with the filters; the containers with
the reactants arranged one after another and stepwise of the downstream of the being purified water;
the reverse valves, which have been connected after the containers with the reactants; the channel of
the additional disinfection consisting of the in series connected chlorinator, the rotameter and the
adjustable valve and having the bypass channel. At that in the pipe duct after the filters there is in
series and stepwise mounted with the respect to the containers with the reactants the ultraviolet
sterilizer with the reverse valve after it. The sterilizer and each container with the reactant are supplied
with the bypass channel and in each bypass channel, as well as in the pipe duct, before each
container with a reactant, before the ultraviolet sterilizer and between the connections of the channel
of the additional disinfection and its bypass channel having the reverse valve there are the adjustable
valves connected to the control unit. The technical result of the invention is the increased quality of
the purified water at the minimal economical expenditures, automation and optimization of the
process. ^ EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased quality of the purified water at the minimal
economical expenditures, automation and optimization of the process. ^ 3 cl, 1 d

FIELD: water treatment. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention proposes combined process of biological and
physicochemical cleaning of water, which can be used to condition water in reservoirs for holding and
growing fish as well as sea animals such as dolphins. Water conditioning process comprises
biological treatment of water using biocenose of attached microorganisms, reagent treatment of water
with coagulant and flocculant, filtration of water through particulate filters, saturation with oxygen, and
disinfection. Biological treatment process is accomplished in column-type bioreactor filled with fibrous
polymer packing while water under treatment is passed top-down at a velocity of 25 mm/s. Coagulant
is added in dose twice as large as stoichiometric ratio to content of phosphorus in dolphinarium water.
Flocculant (polyacrylamide) is added in dose equal to at least one tenth of the weight of suspended
particles in water downstream of bioreactor. Filtration of water is carried out in pressure or open-type
filters at a filtration speed 8 m/h after ripening of flocks of suspended impurities in flocculation
chamber for at least 10 min. Disinfection of clarified water is accomplished by exposing it UV
irradiation. ^ EFFECT: reduced power consumption to maintain quality of water in dolphinarium,
improved ecology of dolphinarium reservoir, and simplified water conditioning system operation. ^ 2 cl,
6d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: method involves preliminary cleaning of water using pulp from
powdered clinoptilolite-montmorillonite ore and activated carbons with continuous supply of the pulp
to the cleaning system. At the first stage the water is more than 50% pure and goes through the basic
cleaning stage by coagulation, elutriation and filtration. Filtration is carried out by three filters: with
filtering material - granodiorite in the first two filters and clinoptilolite in the third filter. At the finishing
purification stage, the water undergoes extra filtration through filter cassettes with filtering material
made from clinoptilolite with its subsequent decontamination using ultraviolet beams. ^ EFFECT:
improvement of the quality of water with lower concentration of harmful substances with lower cost
price of purification. ^ 1

FIELD: technological process. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in all fields of engineering, in 1
which application of disinfectant solutions is required, in particular, in medicine, food industry and
others. Method of disinfectant preparation includes supply of water solution of alkaline metal
carbonate in anode chamber of diaphragm electrochemical cell with cylindrical coaxial electrodes and
coaxial ceramic ultra-filtering diaphragm, supply of fresh water in cathode chamber of the same cell
and disinfectant drain from anode chamber. Solution of alkaline metal carbonate and water are
supplied in anode and cathode chambers of cell with counter-flow. Process is carried out during
current conduction via diaphragm mainly with alkaline metal ions. Disinfectant prepared by treatment
of water solution of alkaline metal carbonate with concentration of 0.2-2 g/l in anode chamber of
electrochemical diaphragm cell with coaxial electrodes and coaxial ultra-filtering ceramic diaphragm,
contains peroxide compounds that are in metastable condition and has pH of 6-7. ^ EFFECT:
invention allows to prepare efficient disinfectant that does not contain chlorine, in required quantity at
site of consumption with reduction of costs for its manufacturing and usage. ^ 6 cl, 1 dwg, 4
FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: bactericide unit is designed for water disinfection on underwater
manned vehicles. The bactericide unit comprises a U-shaped housing separated into compartments
and containing a filtering element, UV lamp, connecting manifold, partition with angular through holes
and individual control panel connected via electric cable to the UV lamp, and the UV lamp and filtering
element are located in the side compartments of the U-shaped housing. The connecting manifold is
made of two pipes joined at an angle 30° to 120°, and a dead pocket fitted with an absorbing insert is
connected to one of the pipes in axial alignment with the UV lamp. Inside the connecting manifold, a
partition with through holes is located, with the holes made in the form of noncircular channels with
light-reflective surfaces. The control panel is equipped with a power supply unit, symbol display
annunciator, electronic starting and control unit for UV lamp lighting, and a microcontroller-based
control board, which provides galvanic power isolation, input and output signals. ^ EFFECT: improved
water treatment quality and equipment reliability together with serviceability and reduced equipment
dimensions and weight. ^ 2 cl, 6 d

FIELD: chemistry; water treatment. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed device can be used for treating
drinking, household, natural and sewage water and other aqueous solution. The device comprises
series-connected operating module, phase separation units, slag dump, after-treatment, and pure
water outlet channel. The operating module is in form of series connected ejector chamber, mixing
and exposure chamber, and a light chamber, fitted coaxially with the outer side of the mixing and
exposure chambers. An atomiser with a cavitator is coaxially fitted in the ejector chamber, in the walls
of which there is an air inlet opening. The light chamber has flanges on its butt ends. The ejector
chamber and the atomiser are mounted on one flange, and on the other flange, there is an air inlet
opening and the mixing and exposure chamber is mounted on this flange. A UV light source is fitted
on the inner wall of the light chamber, opposite the mixing and exposure chamber, the walls of which
are made of transparent material. The operating module of the proposed structure increases degree
of water purification from a wide range of hazardous substances, including dissolved organic
substances, inorganic substances not prone to oxidation, toxins and radioactive substances, and
increases degree of disinfection of treated water from pathogenic flora due to profound oxidation of
mineral and organic water contaminants. ^ EFFECT: increased degree of water purification from a
wide range of hazardous substances, including dissolved organic substances, inorganic substances
not prone to oxidation, toxins and radioactive substances, and increased degree of disinfection of
treated water from pathogenic flora due to profound oxidation of mineral and organic water
contaminants. ^ 5 cl, 2 d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns methods of water treatment and can be applied
in elimination of organic contaminants of various origin, such as synthetic surfactants, oil products,
phenols, from reverse and waste water. Method includes oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, irradiation
with UV rays and use of catalyst based on soluble titanium salts. Hydrogen peroxide is used in
amount of 10-20 mg/l, and soluble titanium salt is taken at the rate of 0.1-0.2 mg of Ti per litre of
treated water. Aeration is performed at the air flow rate of 0.5-1 l/l, and wave lengths of 253.7 nm and
185.6 nm are used for further UV irradiation. ^ EFFECT: simplified treatment process, reduced power
input, increased purification degree. ^ 2 cl, 2 tbl, 2
FIELD: individual supplies. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for application in domestic water 1
treatment systems. Water filtration system includes: inlet channel 20 which can be connected to
unfiltered water source 18, water filter 22 connected to inlet channel 20, and outlet channel 24
connected to filter 22. Outlet channel 24 can perform dosage of filtered water. System of additive
dosage to water includes tank 26 for additive storage, outlet channel 28 for additive introduction, and
control 34. Additive amount and type is measured by mineral content analyser 38 and water flow
metre 40, sending signal to control 34, which in turn sends signal to pump 32 and retainer valve 36. ^
EFFECT: removal of particles, chlorine, metal ions and other admixtures from water, controlled
selective dosage of medicinal or flavour additives to treated water. ^ 22 cl, 12 d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: method includes mixing of water flow with gaseous oxygen. Then
water flow is treated with ultraviolet radiation during and after water flow pass through bed containing
of particles of silicon-containing mineral. The device consists of the tank provided with water flow inlet
and outlet. The inlet is connected with mixer feeding the water flow to the perforated bowl located
inside the tank. The source of ultraviolet radiation is located between bowl and inner surface of tank
wall with particles of silicon-containing mineral being located inside the bowl. ^ EFFECT: simplifying
and cheapening of the obtaining of high-quality drinking water increase of time during which the water
retains its active properties. ^ 16 cl, 1 d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: system for natural waters desalting contains the pretreatment 1
device and reverse osmosis device based on a membrane elements containing at least one desalting
stage. Every stage includes paralleled at least one working and one reserve module. At the outlet
stage of reversed osmosis device the collectors of permeate and/or concentrate in the division of
working modules connection are connected through additional cutoff devices on-line with inlet of at
least one reserve module of the same stage. ^ EFFECT: maximal usage of all installed membrane
modules. ^ 10 cl, 4 dwg, 4 tbl, 3

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: solid moulded product for water purification has at least two layers, 1
where the first layer has at least one flocculation system and one aeration system, and the second
layer has at least one disinfectant agent which releases chlorine upon contact with water, and one
excipient for the disinfectant agent. The excipient releases the disinfectant agent into the water at a
regulated rate such that, the excipient - disinfectant agent mixture releases from 0.1 to 100 mg/l active
chlorine per hour. ^ EFFECT: invention avoids need for filtering purified water and excess expenses
on disinfectant agent when purifying and disinfecting drinking water. ^ 18 cl, 3 tbl, 5
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water treatment and decontamination and can
be used to treat waste water and obtain drinking water. Photocatalytic water treatment module has
technologically connected porous photocatalytic reactor (2), made from quartz, glass, ceramic or
glass-ceramic, on the surface of which nanocrystalline titanium dioxide with specific surface area not
less than 15 m2/g is deposited, and a UV radiation source (1). Pores of the reactor are multiply
connected regular channels with effective diametre between 0.05 and 1.5 mm. ^ EFFECT: invention
simplifies structure of the photocatalytic module, increases its output and efficiency of removing
biocidal and organic impurities. ^ 7 cl, 1 dwg, 2 t

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to disinfection water in a channel and
can be used in water treatment. UV radiation section is the basic element of the disinfection system
and comprises supports, a module consisting of bottom and top bases between which UV lamps are
placed in protective covers which are transparent to UV radiation. Partitions placed between side
posts before and after the module cross the channel. The module is suspended from the supports.
The lower edge of the partition lies lower than the upper boundary of the radiation zone of the lamps
or coincides with the boundary. The UV water treatment system has an open channel in which the
treated water flows and in which modules and partitions are fitted across the direction of flow.
Supports composed of modules and partitions of the UV radiation section randomly placed along the
channel are fitted across the channel. ^ EFFECT: easier mounting, operation and servicing with
sanitary and epidemiological safety of the disinfection process. ^ 6 cl, 5 d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to decontamination of liquid media in a stream

and can be used in treating waste water. The complex module for treating a liquid medium in a stream
contains a horizontal element connected to a hollow metallic element and a second hollow element
enclosed in the jacket of a UV lamp, a unit of start-control devices and wires which connect the UV
lamp to the unit of start-control devices. The UV lamp is placed horizontally inside the hollow metallic
element in an airtight seal. In the second hollow element there are ultrasonic transmitters which are
rigidly connected to resonators which are made in form of rods, pipes or plates. ^ EFFECT: invention
increases efficiency of decontaminating liquid and enables cleaning of protective jackets of UV lamps
from biocontamination and salt depositions. ^ 2 cl, 2 d

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to combined methods of disinfecting water sing
UV radiation in the presence of a photocatalyst - titanium dioxide. The invention can be used to
disinfect drinking water in water supply systems of settlements, water in pools and spas. The method
is realised by treating water with UV radiation in the presence of a catalyst - titanium dioxide particles
with concentration of 0.5 g/l. The radiation used is narrow-band UV radiation and the catalyst in form
of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with average diametre of 23.3 nm undergoes preliminary UV
radiation treatment at frequency 45 kHz and power 50 W for 15 minutes. ^ EFFECT: method ensures
significantly short treatment time while maintaining high disinfection efficiency. ^ 1 tbl, 2

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water treatment in circulating water supply
systems and is meant for treating and disinfecting water in swimming pools. The system comprises a
pool deck with a hydraulic circulation loop. The circulation loop comprises a primary filter 9, a
circulation pump 4, clarification 5 and sorption filters 10, an ozonation apparatus 6 with a unit for
feeding ozone 7 into the water, a UV radiation apparatus 8, an apparatus for supplying a chlorine-
containing reagent 13 and a reagent for correcting pH of the water 14, a water heater 15, a control
unit 16 with sensors for controlling redox potential 17 and pH of the water 19. The unit for feeding
water 2 into the pool deck is in form of nozzles 20 for supplying water, uniformly arranged at the
bottom of the pool deck, and the water outlet unit 3 is in form of an overflow edge 21 with a tray 22,
lying along the perimetre of the pool deck. ^ EFFECT: high efficiency of treatment and disinfection of
water and ensuring quality of water which is safe for human health in swimming pools. ^ 2 cl, 1 dwg, 1
t

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water treatment and may be used 1
treatment of industrial effluents. Membrane element from hollow fibre operated in conditions of one-
side open ultra filtration is recovered by coating hollow fibre surface on proportioning directly in filtered
water of transition metal or copper ferrocyanide with particle size of 0.5-5 mcm in amount of 1-10 mg/l.
Then, reverse-flow rinsing of membrane element by filtrate is carried out to remove formed deposits.
Nickel or cobalt ferrocyanide is used as transition metal ferrocyanide. Deposits feature loose structure
and may be readily removed from membrane surface in back flushing. ^ EFFECT: reduced amount of
secondary effluents and frequency of chemical flushing, longer life, higher efficiency lower costs. ^ 2
cl, 1 d
FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water treatment with the help of 1
membranes and may be used in whatever treatment units. Proposed membrane unit comprises initial
water tank 1, initial water feed pump 2, battery of hollow-fiber ultra filters 6, filtrate accumulator tank
11, as well as pipelines, valves and accessories for feeding initial water, filtrate, concentrate and
rinsing water draining that allow periodic recovery of ultra filters by filtrate backflow generated by
rarefaction created by initial water feed pump. ^ EFFECT: efficient membrane filter recovery at
reduced power consumption. ^ 1 d

[From equivalent RU2283288C2] FIELD: heat-and-power engineering; the methods of the deep 1
desalinating of the sweet and brackish waters. ^ SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field
of the heat-and-power engineering, in particular, to the method of the deep desalinating of the sweet
and brackish waters and may be used for production of the deep desalinated water from the sweet
and desalinated waters. The method of deep desalination of the sweet and brackish waters includes
the sequential processes including the following stages: clarification, treatment of the clarified water
with the ion-exchange filters and desalting at the reverse osmosis stage with the concentrate
withdrawal from each stage of purification. At that the process of the reverse osmosis desalination is
conducted at least, within two stages at the higher pressure of the purified water at each subsequent
stage of desalting using the corresponding to the preset pressures diaphragms and the ratio of
consumptions of permeate to the concentrate at the reverse osmosis stage in the whole within the
limits of n = 7-99, and withdrawal of the concentrate is conducted from the reverse osmosis stage at
each stage at regeneration of the ion-exchange filters. At the heightened contents of the organic
compounds the clarified water is additionally subjected to Cl-ionization at the filters loaded with the
organo-absorbing anionite, withdrawal of the concentrate from the reverse osmosis installation is
conducted at the regeneration of the Cl-ionite filter and then - at the regeneration of the H-Na-cationite
filter, but the withdrawal of the alkaline solution - at additional regeneration of the Cl-ionite filter. The
method ensures the significant output of the permeate, the reduced consumption of the concentrate.
At that the quality of the desalted water is improved and the escape of the concentrate at the stages
of desalting is reduced and the consumption of the water by the installation is also reduced. ^
EFFECT: the invention ensures the significant output of the permeate, reduced consumption of the
concentrate, improved quality of the desalted water, reduced escape of the concentrate at the stages
of desalting, reduced consumption of the water by the installation. ^ 4 cl, 5 tbl, 5

A device for purifying water originating from a drinking water grid comprises means for connecting an
inlet 7 of the device to the drinking water grid and an outlet 23, 28, 29 for drawing off the drinking
water which has been purified by the device. The device furthermore comprises a combination of the
following components which are known per se: a first filter 11 which is arranged to be flowed through
by the water and to retain impurities which are suspended in the water, and thereby remove these
impurities from the latter, a second filter 22 which is arranged to be flowed through by the water
coming from the first filter and to expose this water to ultraviolet radiation for destroying bacteria which
are present in the water, means 12, 14 for controlling the function of the two filters, and elements
which are connected to the control means and which are arranged to provide users of the device with
information about the function of the two filters, such that the users can make sure that the water
arriving at the outlet is thoroughly purified before they draw it off.

[From equivalent US5364525] A device for purifying water comprises a filter unit (10) containing an 1
osmotic membrane and provided with an inlet (11), a filtrate outlet (12), a return conduit (14) for a
recirculating large flow of unfiltered water and having an outlet (22) for a small flow of reject water,
According to the invention, two ion exchange units (17, 18) are arranged in parallel and connected to
the filter unit (10) in such way that raw water entering the device is first passed through one of said ion
exchange units to be softened, and that the reject water is passed in the opposite direction through
the other ion exchange unit to regenerate the same. Valve means (19, 24) are provided for alternately
shifting the ion exchange units between the functions of softening and regeneration.

N/A 1
[From equivalent US5401395] It is proposed, in accordance with the invention, that a pressurized 1
water purifier which includes an inlet conduit, a pressure-elevating pump mounted in the inlet conduit,
a filter or membrane type purifying unit, a purified-water outlet conduit and a reject conduit for
concentrated contaminated water that the reject conduit (22) includes a pressure-limiting valve (28)
which is controlled by the pressure in the outlet conduit (18). This will enable the water purifier to
operate at a required, high internal working pressure, while enabling the pressure of the purified water
to be maintained at a maximum level limited by the water conduit system and to be varied in response
to the water taken from the system in the absence of pulsations.

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1

N/A 1
N/A 1

[From equivalent WO9940031] The present invention relates to the use of a hydrophilic membrane to 1
provide by the process of vaporation through the membrane water suitable for agricultural irrigation,
industrial use, hydrating or rehydrating of food or agricultural or pharmaceutical compositions. The
present invention also relates to a water purification apparatus which includes the hydrophilic
membrane, comprising one or more layers of hydrophilic polymers, to purify water which may contain
suspended or dissolved impurities and solids, including but not limited to seawater, brackish water
and other kinds of polluted water.

N/A

A system for producing purified water produces highly treated pure water with a high recovery rate 1
using an NF membrane means having a high recovery rate and capable of being operated stably over
a long period of time. In a system for producing purified water sequentially applying a feed water
coagulation sedimentation means, a filtration means, and an NF membrane means for producing
highly treated pure water, a condensation means and a crystallization means are used during the
operation of the coagulation sedimentation means or even at the final stage of the operation; and an
ion-exchange means is used in the filtration means and the NF membrane means as a medium, in
order to reduce the hardness component concentration of the water supplied to the NF membrane
means to be below a level where no water rust will form on the NF membrane, and enable the NF
membrane means to operate at a recovery rate of over 90

The invention provides a polymer separation membrane that is excellent in separating characteristics, 1
a permeating ability, a chemical strength (particularly chemical resistance) and a physical strength,
and also excellent in a stain resistance, and a producing method therefor. The fluorinated resin-type
polymer separation membrane includes a layer having a three-dimensional network structure, and a
layer having a spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-dimensional network structure is formed
by a fluorinated resin-type polymer composition containing a hydrophilic polymer, and the hydrophilic
polymer is a substantially water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer containing at least one of a cellulose
ester, an aliphatic vinyl ester, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as a
polymerization component. The polymer separation membrane is applicable as a filtration membrane
for water treatment, a battery separator, a charged membrane, a fuel cell membrane or a blood
cleaning filtration membran

This invention is a newly developed process for preparing nano-silver on a porous support. The silver 1
was well distributed around the pore of the support by the impregnation method. It was calcined, dried
and reduced after impregnation. The 50 nm size silver was formed around the pore of the support.
The nano-silver is a bactericide and anti-microbial. It could be applied to mask, filter for water
treatment, filter for air-conditional, medical device, cosmetics and infant good

The present invention provides a water treatment equipment package which comprises a rough- 1
filtering device of raw water, a purification device, and a user end. The rough-filtering device of raw
water comprises a filtering system, a filtering water-intake pipe and a filtering water-exhaust pipe to
enter into/exit from the system. The purification device is connected to the filtering water-exhaust pipe
in the rough-filtering device of the raw water, which has an ozone reaction chamber, a nano-meter
emulsifier, and a conduction pipe. One side of the ozone reaction chamber is connected to the water-
exhaust pipe in the rough-filtering device of raw water, the nano-meter emulsifier is connected to the
ozone reaction chamber, one end of the conduction pipe is connected to the ozone reaction chamber,
the user end is connected to the conduction pipe of the purification device to provide filtered water for
people to drink. The purification device may also be connected to a re-purification device having a
delicate water filter for obtaining drinking water purer than tap wate
The present invention provides a commercial manufacturing system to mass-produce ultra-pure 1
water. This system includes three filtration systems to automatically complete resin regeneration:
multi-media filtration, activated carbon filtration and softening filtration. The key technique of reverse
osmosis membrane has the following three special functions: 1. Electric repulsion function: The
electricity of semipermeable membrane surface can exclude both of negative ions and positive ions in
the solution to make uncharged water pass through the membrane under pressure. 2. Ultra-micro
filtration function: The water molecules can pass through micro-pores having diameter of 0.0005 ¼m
within the semipermeable membrane. The size of micro-pore approximately equals to that of water
molecule. Therefore, only water molecules can pass through the membrane and be separated from
pollutant and microorganism. 3. Self-cleaning function: The semipermeable membrane can retain all
of pollutant in the pre-segmental water and then such water is removed out. Therefore, pollutant can
be excluded out to reach self-cleaning function, to elongate usage life of semi-permeable membrane
and to guarantee the quality of pure water. 4. Commercially, 180 tons ultra-pure water are produced
monthly and 600 tons regular pure water are produced monthl

A multi-function filter system for water treatment includes one or more filter tanks, and each tank is 1
connected to a tube route for convenience of alternate washing. Each filter tank is divided into plural
filter chambers. A first filter chamber is provided with a micro-porous filter core for a first stage of
filtering miscellaneous matters, a second filter chamber is installed with a biochemical filter core for
removing heavy metals or agricultural medicines, and a third filter chamber is installed with a multi-
function core for performing sterilization and deodorizing. Thus, the plural filter tanks remove any
substances detrimental or harmful to the environment and human bodies, obtaining real purified wate

A membrane assembly is provided that includes a support comprising a micro-porous material; and 1
an insoluble layer secured to a surface of the support. The insoluble layer is a reaction product of a
reactant solution comprising a chain-capping reagent. A system and associated method are provided
als

The present invention discloses a long-lasting water-repellency textile application that uses a
polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-containing polyurethane (PU) and involves a manufacturing process of
NCO-terminated PU prepolymer of PDMS diols and polyisocyanate with a catalyst for forming a
moisture-curable PDMS-containing PU oligomer, or becoming an UV-curable PDMS-containing PU
oligomer after a chemical reaction takes place. The PU oligomer owns PDMS moiety with water-
repellent properties. The moisture- or UV-curable PU with NCO and acrylate end-groups can create
cross-linked polymeric networks between fibers of textiles by exposing to the air or UV-radiation. The
final cross-linked PDMS-containing PU treated textile demonstrates long-lasting water-repellent
properties with an excellent soft hand feel and a breathable feature. Furthermore, the textile water-
repellent treatment is cost-effective, and most importantly these two curing processes are convenient
processes without requiring any wastewater discharge. Therefore, these textile water repellent
treatments are considered as environmental friendly green processe

A separator assembly is provided comprising a membrane stack assembly comprising a feed carrier 1
layer, a permeate carrier layer, and a membrane layer, and a central core element comprising a
concentrate exhaust conduit and a permeate exhaust conduit; wherein the concentrate exhaust
conduit and the permeate exhaust conduit are separated by a first portion of the membrane stack
assembly; and wherein a second portion of the membrane stack assembly forms a multilayer
membrane assembly disposed around the central core element; and wherein the feed carrier layer is
in contact with the concentrate exhaust conduit and not in contact with the permeate exhaust conduit;
and wherein the permeate carrier layer is in contact with the permeate exhaust conduit and not in
contact with the concentrate exhaust conduit; and wherein the permeate carrier layer does not form
an outer surface of the separator assembl
The invention provides an nano-fiber material. The nano-fiber material is formed by spinning an ionic 1
polymer into the nano-fiber cotton network. The ionic polymer is represented by the formula: wherein
R1 includes phenyl sulfonate or alkyl sulfonate; R2 includes, or; R3 includes or; and m/n is between
1/50 and 50/1, q &ge;

Fabrication method of tubular filtration membrane comprises the steps of (a) providing a tubular 1
substrate having an outer surface, (b) covering the outer surface of the tubular substrate with a first
polymer film, (c) proceeding a high temperature carbonization step for the first polymer film that allows
the first polymer film becoming a first porous carbon layer on the outer surface of the tubular
substrate, (d) covering the first porous carbon layer with a second polymer film and (e) proceeding a
high temperature carbonization step for the second polymer film that allows the second polymer film
becoming a second porous carbon layer on the first porous carbon laye

The present invention relates to a separation system of supported liquid membrane, which is 1
characterized in that adding reaction separated tanks in series will increase the effective separated
areas, controlling the pH value of the input phase by the pH value control system will maintain the
reaction rate and solve the problem of metal precipitate resulting from the variation of the pH values,
and circulating the liquid by gravity and pumps will solve the problem of losing liquid membrane
resulting from pressure gradient. The separated system of supported liquid membrane can increase
the separated areas of the supported liquid membrane and the volume of solution, such that the
supported liquid membrane system could be used for recycling a large number of valuable metal

In a lithographic projection apparatus a liquid supply system maintains liquid in a space between a 1
final element of the projection system and the substrate with a liquid confinement system. The liquid
supply system further comprises a de-mineralizing unit, a distillation unit and a UV radiating source for
the purification of immersion liquid. Chemicals may be added to the immersion liquid for the inhibition
of lifeform growth and components of the liquid supply system may be made of a material which is
non-transparent to visible light such that growth of lifeforms is reduce

A filter structure comprises a main body which is hollow and has a water inlet and a water outlet at its 1
two ends, several partition layers which are installed in a stacking manner and have accommodation
spaces installed with guide holes, and a filtering material, such as potential activated stones, KDF
copper zinc filtration layers, calcium sulfide, activated carbon, which is placed in the accommodation
spaces of the partition layers. The filter can be joined with the shower faucet, the kitchen faucet, the
RO pure water machine, etc. to form cleaning effectiveness of water through layers of filtration of the
partition layers. The filer is characterized in that the partition layer structure in the main body is simple
to facilitate assembling and dismantling, reducing manufacturing cost and showing environmental
features, and it has excellent water filtration effectivenes

[From equivalent TW200911352A] A negative pressure reverse-osmosis filtering membrane system is 1

disclosed, and it includes an reverse-osmosis filtering membrane unit, a buckle unit, a sealing
member, a top cover and a bottom cover. The reverse-osmosis filtering membrane unit has a
supporting plate, a first membrane, a second membrane, a container and a channel. The supporting
plate, the first membrane and the second membrane is arranged in the form of sandwich structure to
define the container, and the channel is communicated with the container. The buckle unit and the
anti-osmosis filtering membrane unit are embedded with each other alternately to keep sealing
through the sealing member wherein the buckle unit has an assembly disc to clip the reverse-osmosis
filtering membrane unit. The top cover has a pump outlet communicated with the hole to pump the
filtered water out of the system by the negative pressur
A method for obtaining drinking water made artificially includes the use of water treated by back
osmosis. The water additionally treated is supplemented with potassium sulphate in a concentration
from 15 to 196 mg/dm3 as expressed in the potassium cation, magnesium sulphate in a concentration
from 8 to 82 mg/dm3 as expressed in the cation Mg++, sodium chloride in a concentration from 20 to
120 mg/dm3 as expressed in the sodium cation, sodium bicarbonate in a concentration from 30 to 60
mg/dm3 as expressed in sodium cation. The water is thoroughly mixed by pumps in the course of 1-2
hours, it is kept for a day, disinfected by the device with an ultraviolet lam

A system for drinking water decontamination by ultraviolet light relates to systems of ultraviolet light
water treatment and can be used for decontamination of drinking wate

A method for producing semipermeable fluor-containing membranes relates to the processes of 1

separation that are intended for treatment of waste water, for obtaining high-quality biologically clean
drinking water for the needs of medicine, pharmaceutical and food industr

A process for water purifying comprises processing the latter by ozone along with ultraviolet
irradiation. At that the water is preliminarily processed by ozon

Invention relates to the branch of water treatment with the use of ultra-filtration and it can be used in 1
the systems of recycling water supply. The method of treating the hard waters includes the water
treatment under pressure through ultra-filtration membrane in the presence of inhibitor. Process is
carried out at periodic release of operating pressure to zero with its subsequent increase to the value
of operating pressure, moreover, the zero pressure is created at reduction of the membrane output to
6-13 %. Due to the change of the hydrodynamic mode of ultra-filtration the increase of the working
output of the membrane, of the degree of restoration of initial output and of the increase of the degree
of reduction of the water hardness, which is treated, is achieve

The invention relates to the field of water treatment and can be used for purifying water of uranium in 1
mineral resource, chemical, atomic and other fields of industry. A method for purifying water of
uranium is performed on ultrafilter with pores diameter of 20-30 nm and medium pH of 8-11. Use of
this invention allows a high degree of water purification (92.0-95.5 %) with increasing the
membranesproductivity by 17.5-19.5 times as compared with known analogue
A plant for partially desalted water production involves means for intake and supplying original water, 1
clarifier, plants of liming, coagulation, flocculation, mechanical filters, apparatus for partial water
desalination. Means for intake of original water of the plant is connected to water object of an
enterprise, receiving biologically purified waste waters of chemical production, storm water flows,
mine waste waters, drainage and household and domestic and other waste water or a mixture thereof
with common hardness to 30 mg-eq/l and general salt content of 4-6 g/l. As desalination apparatus
the nano-filtration apparatus is used which is connected in series on water behind 5 mu-cartridge
filters additionally disposed behind mechanical filters, and connected to the line for permeate
discharge through the softener with the user, and with line for concentrate discharge is connected to
physical and chemical purificatio

The invention relates to the field of water preparation and can be used in chemistry, energy and other 1
fields of industry. A method for the preparation of heavily demineralized water consists in that water is
treated in clarifiers with lime and coagulant, disinfected, preliminarily filtered from mechanical and
hung particles at the first stage of purification, subjected to final purification from hung particles in
cartridge filters of the second stage of purification, subjected to partial demineralization at the third
stage of purification, carbonic acid is removed in decarbonifier and the final demineralization is carried
out in the mixed action filters. According to the invention biologically purified waste water of chemical
production, storm overflows, mine waste water or mixes thereof having general hardness up to 30
mg-eq/l, at total salt content up to 4-6 g/l, with general microbe number up to 10 thousand units in ml
are used as original water. At the third stage of purification water demineralization is performed by
means of reverse osmosis with carrying out the process of separation on membranes with the
filtration spectrum between 0.0001 and 0.001 µm, at the pressure of 2-2.5 MPa. Use of this invention
allows to eliminate river water intake, reduce reagents consumption for purification, decrease effluent
volume, and minimize a negative impact on the environmen

The invention relates to the field of water preparation and can be used in power engineering, 1
chemistry and other fields of industry. A method for obtaining partially demineralized water consists in
carrying out original water reagent treatment, subsequent filtration from mechanical and stuck
particles and partial demineralization by ion exchange. Biologically purified waste waters of chemical
production, storm flows, shaft waste waters and other flows or mixtures thereof having common
hardness to 15 mg-eq/l, with common salts content of 3-4 g/l, common microbial number to 10
thousand units in ml are used as original water. The water is in addition purified from stuck particles in
cartridge filters of 5 mum. Water demineralization is performed by nanofiltration with carrying out the
process of distribution on nanofiltration membranes with spectrum of filtration between 0.001 and 0.01
mum at a pressure of 2.0 MPa and pH of 3.0-7.0, with obtaining permeate having salts content of 110
mg/l. Subsequent softening thereof is carried out on Na-cation-exchange filters to hardness of 10 mg-
eq/l. The obtained concentrate is withdrawn for biological purification to purify of microbiological and
nitrogen-containing impurities, after purification thereof it is recirculated at the first stage of the
method. Application of the invention allows to reduce cost price of purified water, reduce consumption
of chemical agents, minimize a negative impact on the environmen

The invention relates to the field of water treatment and can be used for natural, mineralized and 1
waste waters decontamination. The applied method provides an increase of process productivity while
achieving in practice the full decontamination. The method includes passing water through the
ceramic filter being placed in the electric field, the anode is disposed in the middle of filter and the
process is performed with a gradient of potential of 10-25 V/cm, at that the ratio of microorganisms
sizes and filter pores is of 1:(3-10), respectivel
The invention relates to units for heating, hot water supply for needs of bath-washing economy, in
particular of coal-producing mines, due to use of low-potential heat sources, with heat of mine waters
included. An installation for heating and hot water supply with source of low-potential heat, circulation
heating circuit, circuit of hot water supply, heat pump with evaporator and filtration unit, and
condenser, with circuit of mine water circulation through evaporator and of recycling water through
condenser is additionally equipped with unit for primary treatment of mine water, and magnetic and
ultraviolet blocks for treatment of mine water and back valve. The invention provides increase of
effectiveness of utilization of low-potential heat of mine water

The invention relates to the methods of separation and clearing with the help of semipermeable 1
membranes, in particular, to the methods of manufacture of semipermeable membranes with use of
mineral substances, namely, oxides of transition metals, and the regeneration of obtained membranes
at their use during the clearing of the microorganisms containing water. In a basis of the invention, the
task is assigned to develop a composite membrane possessing antibacterial properties concerning
microorganisms, which, according to the examinations, carried out by us, are more inclined to an
adhesion to the polymeric membranes surface, and method of its regeneration. Imparting to a
membrane of antibacterial properties is ensured with composition of a membrane containing a porous
polymeric substrate and a layer of oxides of transition metals with the size of particles 1-5 microns,
and regime of its regeneration (treating by UV-light with the 150-160 ?Wt/sm2 radiation power and
345-395 nm wavelength). The obtained composite membrane has high antibacterial activity (AA=81-
100 %) and productivity (I? =549-615dm3/m2.h), that allows to utilize it effectively during of the water
clearin

A method for preparation of highly effective membrane for baromembranous process including 1
formation of synthetically activated charcoal CKH-1K layer on the surface of membrane support which
is carried out at pH 7-

The invention relates to the branch of catalysis, namely catalytic methods for water purification, and it
can be used for removal of nitrate ions from drinking water. Are disclosed a catalyst for removal of
nitrate ions from water, which contains in wt. %: titanium dioxide - 99.0-99.9 silver - 0.1-1.0; and also a
method of its producing by hydrolysis of titanium isopropylate in 60% solution of isopropyl alcohol with
separation of solid sediment and subsequent modification of roasted sediment by silver clusters in
presence of copolymer. The produced catalyst is used for purification of water at UV treatment. The
implementation of the invention provides increase of specific surface area of catalyst for 4 times,
contents of valuable component - silver - for 5-7 times, at multiple use of the catalyst in the process of
removal of nitrate ions from water with their 100 % removal with simultaneous intensification of the
proces

N/A

N/A

N/A 1
The present invention relates to a flow deflector device for liquid treatment, more particularly, a tubular
flow deflector device that includes a tubular shell and a through hole of certain diameter penetrating
along the central axis line thereof. At least one spiral groove is provided along the inner wall of the
tubular shell around the through hole. Thus the liquid flowing through the device can be sufficiently
mixed for better effect of liquid treatment such as ultraviolet sanitation, water treatment, or
temperature adjustmen

The equipment for desalination of water by reverse osmosis comprises: a pump 1 for drawing the 1
water to be salinated, a high pressure pump 25, a cylindrical block 8 housing two pistons 3, 4
connected to one another by a shaft 5 and disposed, freely slidable and liquid-tight, within respective
cylinders 6, 7 being part of the same block (8) and separated from one another by a central plate 9,
the latter being liquid-tight; the equipment further comprises an exchange valve 14 controlled by the
position of said pistons 3, 4, as well as a cylinder or, in general, one or more containers, possibly
arranged in series, in parallel or in series/parallel 15, containing one or more reverse osmosis
membranes (16

A relatively concentrated and a relatively dilute aqueous salt solution are respectively passed through 1
the anode and cathode chambers of a flow-through electrochemical cell having a porous membrane
separating the two chambers. The fluid pressure in the cathode chamber is maintained at less than
atmospheric pressure and at less than the fluid pressure in the anode chamber while a potential
difference is applied across the anode and cathode. In this way, dangerous build-up of gaseous
electrolysis products in the chambers, especially the anode chamber, is avoide

A domestic countertop water treatment apparatus comprising a water treatment reservoir which is at 1
least translucent; a housing having an ozone source in flow communication with the water treatment
reservoir for treating water in the water treatment reservoir; a carbon block filter and a water pump
mounted in the housing, the carbon block filter and the water pump in flow communication with the
water treatment reservoir for removing treated water from the water treatment reservoir and passing
the treated water through the carbon block filter; and, a treated water reservoir which is at least
translucent and is positioned downstream from the carbon block filter for receiving treated water from
the carbon block filter whereby, as treated water is dispensed from the water treatment reservoir to
the treated water reservoir, the level of water in the water treatment reservoir is visibly lowered while
the level of water in the treated water reservoir is visibly raise

The present invention refers to a filtering device comprising at least one filtering membrane, at least 1
one counter surface opposite to the filtering membrane, and at least one gap-shaped liquid space
formed between the filtering membrane and the counter surface. The present invention further refers
to a filtering method, in which a liquid is introduced into a gap-shaped liquid space formed between a
filtering membrane and a counter surface and is moved relative to the filtering membrane and/or the
counter surface. To obtain an improved filtering method and an improved filtering device, it is
suggested by the present invention that the filtering device comprises a disk at whose circular surface
at least the filtering membrane or the counter surface is formed. In the method according to the
invention, two helical liquid whirls are generated in the gap-shaped liquid space, said whirls extending
in parallel to the filtering membrane and the counter surface and having the same sense of rotation
but opposite radial directions of movemen

An assembly for purifying water, the assembly consisting of a tube for carrying the water, the tube for
carrying water having an upstream and a downstream end; a high intensity ultra-violet light or corona
discharge ozone generator for introducing ozone into said tube for carrying water at an ozone
introduction point within said tube; an ozone contact time tube segment situated between the ozone
introduction point and the downstream end of the tube for carrying water; a bubble separator column
having a water input port and a water output port, the downstream end of the tube for carrying water
being positioned so that water emitting therefrom may pass through the water input port; and a water
level sensitive electrically actuated valve for alternating collection of water within and discharging
water from the bubble separator colum
Systems and methods are disclosed for extracting freshwater from atmospheric humidity in extremely 1
hot and humid climates and supplying freshwater to a small group of people, a building, a farm, or
forestation area. The freshwater is treated to provide drinking water by disinfecting to eliminate
microorganisms and filtration to remove suspended particulates from air, erosion or corrosion
products, and disinfected waste. Compact units provide drinking water for individuals, passengers in
cars, vans, trucks, or recreational boats, or crewmembers on a seagoing cargo ship whether from
atmospheric humidity or from moisture-laden gases. Furthermore, systems are disclosed for the
ample supply of freshwater with minimal treatment for small- to large-sized buildings in a manner that
alleviates the heat load on buildings. Collection of freshwater from hot humid ambient air is also
provided for other uses, such as irrigation and farm animal drinking. Various methods are used for
condensation of water vapor suspended in the air as alternative to conventional refrigeration cycles
using CFC refrigerants. Devices are disclosed using naturally occurring brackish cold water,
circulation of cooling water cooled by thermoelectric cooling or thermoacoustic refrigeration as well as
evaporative cooling and transpiration cooling. Water produced by the systems may flow under
gravitational forces entirely or with the assistance of boasting pump

Efficient apparatus and methods are disclosed for interfacing active thermal stores, or cooling loops,
to a secondary water loop for decreasing the temperature of an airflow by providing a continuously
regenerating water loop that directs chilled water onto a thermally conductive heat exchanger, said
loop further comprising supplying water for the loop by collecting water from the heat exchange

The invention herein provides a method of treating water in situ to both sterilize the water and remove
unwanted odors and tastes produced during sterilization. The water is preferably intended for
drinking. The water is sterilized by a sterilizing treatment such as ozonation and the odors are
removed by incorporating zeolite into the container cap, a capliner, or both. The invention also
provides a container for packaging sterilized water for human consumptio

The present invention provides a multi-element filtering system assuring serial filtration of a liquid 1
through multiple filter cartridges while enabling flushing without requiring removal of the filter
cartridges. Both conventional and reverse osmosis filtration is performed, sequentially, within the
system. The filter cartridges are held within a canister which is pressed against the cap and
constrained against rotation with the cap. The canister is divided into chambers, and has passages in
its floor arranged to enable serial transfer of liquid from one chamber to the next. Flushing employs
liquid introduced under normal pressure. Passages leading to the flush liquid outlet enable flushing to
proceed when the flush liquid outlet is opened. At other times, filtered liquid will pass through
passages leading to the filtered liquid outlet. Liquid is circulated to assure filtration even when
flushing, so that contamination of filtered liquid is preclude

An apparatus and method for treating water to be supplied to a ballast tank uses a water pathway
having a main inlet for connection to a body of navigable open raw water containing sediment and
marine organisms, and a main outlet for connection to the vessel's ballast tank(s). A centrifugal
separator is provided in the pathway and has a separator inlet for receiving the raw water. The
centrifugal separator separates sediment with some water from the raw water to produce initially
processed water which contains at least some marine organisms. The separator has a first outlet for
returning the sediment with some water to the body of raw water and a second outlet for supplying the
initially processed water to the pathway. A UV or chemical biocidal mechanism is connected to the
second outlet and is in the pathway downstream of the centrifugal separator from the main inlet for
receiving the initially processed water and for killing and/or altering the DNA of the marine organisms
in the initially processed water to produce treated ballast water. A ballast pump is connected in the
pathway, in line with the biocidal mechanism for pumping water along the pathway between the main
inlet and the main outlet, and through the centrifugal separator and the biocidal mechanis
A liquid discharge head unit comprises a base plate having the installation reference used as
positioning reference for the installation thereof on a liquid discharge apparatus main body; a frame
connected to the base plate, having liquid supply paths formed therein for conducting liquid, and liquid
supply ports communicated with the liquid supply paths open to side portion; a chip unit provided with
discharge energy generating elements for heating the liquid to be bubbled and discharged, discharge
ports for discharging the liquid, and liquid receiving ports for receiving the liquid into the interior
thereof, and connected to the frame in a state of abutting against the side portion of the frame so as to
enable the liquid supply ports and the liquid receiving ports to be communicated; and a front cap
having opening portion to enable the discharge ports to be exposed to the outside, being arranged to
cover the chip unit and the frame by covering at least the surface having the discharge ports open
thereto, and connected to the chip unit and the frame. With the structure thus arranged, the position of
the discharge ports can be arranged in high precision with respect to the liquid discharge apparatus
main body to make it possible to structure a liquid discharge head unit capable of executing highly
precise liquid discharge

A device is provided for the sequestration and concentration of polar chemicals from water. The 1
device includes a microporous hydrophilic membrane enclosure formed by a tube or facing
membranes. A mixed sequestration media, contained within the enclosure, transforms dissolved polar
organic chemicals into non-mobile species. The sequestration media is a triphasic admixture of a
hyper-crosslinked polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin, and a carbonaceous sorbent dispersed on a size
exclusion styrene-divinylbenzene copolyme

A method and an apparatus for purifying water including groundwater contaminated with a pollutant
such as organohalogenated compounds are provided. The contaminated water is purified by aeration
to expel the pollutant into gas phase, and the pollutant containing gas is then mixed with a chlorine-
containing gas under light irradiation to decompose the pollutant, where the chlorine-containing gas
may generated from functional water by aeratio

Systems and methods are disclosed for extraction of freshwater from ambient air in regions of 1
extremely hot and humid climates, for supply of drinking water and freshwater for small to large
groups of people in remote and isolated areas or wherever freshwater resources are not conveniently
accessible. Compact mobile units are disclosed to provide freshwater and drinking water for resort
areas, to passengers on land and sea vehicles, in situations of emergency, and to areas of water
shortage. The art of adaptation of commercial dehumidification units is taught in design and
construction of apparatus for production of freshwater and drinking water. Preparation of drinking
water included ultraviolet disinfection, ozone treatment, and/or chlorine addition; activated carbon and
ion exchange filters; and adding of fluorine, air/oxygen to refresh the water storage units, and
minerals for taste and health provisions. For energy economy and use of independent electric power
supply, the produced water may flow under gravitational forces entirely or with the assistance of small
boasting pumps. Lukewarm, hot, cold, and/or cold carbonated drinking water are provided as well as
freshwater for other usag

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium comprising
the steps of forming a carbon protective film onto a disc, the non-magnetic substrate of which is
layered with a non-magnetic base film and magnetic film, using a reactant gas containing carbon
atoms as a starting material, according to a plasma CVD method, wherein a mixed gas of
hydrocarbon and hydrogen, in which the mixing ratio of hydrocarbon to hydrogen is in the range of 2
to 1~1 to 100 by volume, is used as a reactant gas, during bias applying to said disc In addition, the
present invention provides a magnetic recording medium comprising a carbon protective film formed
onto a disc, the non-magnetic substrate of which is layered with a non-magnetic base film and
magnetic film, wherein said carbon protective film is formed according to a plasma CVD method, while
applying bi
A system and method for treating water to be used for drinking. The system and method utilizes an
apparatus for generating ozone and other atoms and molecules resulting from the bombardment of a
feed gas with electrons having, preferably, a first electrode positioned within a channel in a second
electrode. The first electrode is a substantially sealed tube made of dielectric material, having at least
one electron gun positioned proximate an end thereof for firing electrons into the first electrode. In
electrical communication with the electron gun is a rod, maintained in a tube also made of dielectric
material, which acts to maintain a constant energy level through the length of the rod and thus the
length of the electrode. Within the first electrode is an inert gas which, upon the firing of the electron
gun, is formed into a plasma. When a feed gas (generally air) is passed between the first and second
electrodes, the electrons and plasma cause the formation of ozone and other atoms and molecules in
the feed gas, which products have beneficial uses in the treatment of water and air for different
purposes. The treated feed gas is then injected, preferably with a venturi type of injector, into the
water to be treated. Preferably, the feed gas is dried prior to its insertion into the ozone generation
apparatus. It is also preferred that, after injection with the ozonated feed gas, the treated water is
passed through a centrifuge, contact chamber, and carbon filter as part of the treatment proces

Devices implantable in animal bodies, possibly configured as self-inflating spinal disc prostheses. 1
Alternatively, non-implantable water-desalination and/or purification devices. The devices include
specified types of water-absorbing solute encapsulated by non-porous, water-permeable polymer
membranes having specified properties. Also, methods of using the devices in biomedical applications
or water treatmen

A portable water purifying unit for treating microbiologically contaminated water. The water purifying 1
unit includes a main body portion that is a generally hollow, preferably cylindrical container. A water
purifying medium, preferably a halogenated resin, is contained within the generally hollow container. A
giardia filter is placed downstream from the water purifying medium, and the giardia filter may be
incorporated into a filter medium. The intake end of the invention may comprise either a fine mesh
screen placed at the bottom of the generally hollow container, or a plurality of holes placed into the
bottom of the otherwise sealed end of that container. The mouthpiece of the water purifying unit may
comprise a pull-push type closure. When the closure is pulled, the closure is in an opened position,
and water may be drawn through the water purifying unit. In contrast, when pushed, the closure is in
the closed position, sealing the top of the unit. A protective overcap covers the working elements of
the push-pull type closure, and that overcap can contain additional giardia filter element

This invention relates to apparatus and method for dissolving a gas into a liquid, and particularly
relates to apparatus and method for increasing the oxygen content of water by introducing oxygen
bubbles into water flowing through a venturi under laminar flow. This invention also relates to
maximizing and controlling the laminar flow of water through said venturi so as to maximize mass
transfer of oxygen into said wate

A device that permits the in-home UV treatment of drinking water such as tap water is disclosed. The
device employs a bare low-energy UV lamp suspended below a reflector and above a free surface of
water flowing within the device. The water is supplied from a tap or other store of drinking water and
proceeds through the device by the force of gravity. The device itself is not pressurized. The flow of
water within the device is exposed to UV radiation from the UV lamp and is disinfected as a result. In
the illustrated embodiment, the device is of a small size to permit its use, for example, directly at a tap
for drinking water within the home. The flow rate of the device is commensurate with the normal flow
rate of tap water, preferably less than about 8 liters per minute. The lamp power for safely disinfecting
the water can be less than 20 watts, and in the illustrated embodiment the lamp is a low-pressure Hg
lam
The invention concerns a monitoring unit [10] for monitoring the condition of a semi-permeable 1
membrane [24] in a water purification system, and particularly the condition of spiral membrane in a
reverse osmosis water purification system. The monitoring unit [10] comprises a flow chamber [12]
that includes an inlet for permitting ingress of a feed fluid into the flow chamber [12], and a feed fluid
outlet [22] for permitting at least partial through-flow of the feed fluid through the flow chamber [12]
such that cross-flow conditions apply in the flow chamber [12]. The semi-permeable membrane [24] is
at least partly supported in the flow chamber [12]. The monitoring unit [10] further comprises at least
one fluid outlet [18] arranged in fluid communication with the flow chamber [12] for permitting egress
of fluid from the monitoring unit [10] after having passed through the membrane [24]; and an
inspection window [20] for permitting visual inspection of the semi-permeable membrane [24]. The
invention also extends to the use of such a monitoring unit [10] in evaluating various operating
parameters of such a system, and to a water purification system including such a monitoring unit [10]
or test cel

A water purification method and system, wherein a source of ultraviolet light is disposed relative to the
vessel containing the water to be purified for directing ultraviolet light along a major axis of the vessel,
and the water is illuminated with the ultraviolet light. One of the systems includes a vessel containing
the water to be purified, at least one ultraviolet lamp, external to the vessel, and at least one collimaor
for collimating ultraviolet light radiated by the at least one lamp, wherein the light illuminates the water
along a major axis of the vessel, Preferably, the lamp can be operated in one or more of the following
three modes: continuous constant intensity; quasi cw intensity; and/or pulsed intensit

In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that exposure of a variety of fluids to 1
electrical energy improves the purity thereof. In addition, exposure to electrical energy also imparts a
variety of additional advantages to purification processes to which fluids are commonly subjected,
such as, for example, reverse osmosis, filtration, liquid separation processes, and the like. For
example, invention treatment may prolong the operating life of reverse osmosis membranes, may
reduce the propensity of contaminants in fluid being treated to foul a membrane, may increase the
flow rate of fluid through a membrane being used for the purification thereof, may reduce the volume
of fluid required to produce a unit of treated fluid in a reverse osmosis process, may reduce the
pressure required to transport fluid across a membrane being used for the treatment thereof, and the
lik

A water-purifying filter has a tubular body portion being entirely coated with a polypropylene coating 1
portion during a manufacturing process thereof. The polypropylene coating portion includes a first
coating layer bonded to an inner circumferential surface of the tubular body portion when the first
coating layer is still viscid, and a second coating layer sprayed onto an outer circumferential surface
and two annular end surfaces of the tubular body portion to connect to two ends of the first coating
layer. Two ends of the tubular body portion that has been coated by the polypropylene coating portion
are sprayed with a waterproof material to form two watertight layers thereat to ensure water to pass
both the tubular body portion and the polypropylene coating portion and be filtered and purified twice.
The water-purifying filter with such structure does not need costs for storing and assembling separate
polypropylene coating and end caps and can therefore be provided at lower cos

The invention consists of a cost-effective process and facilities for obtaining high quality drinking
water and high-grade brine as a chemical raw material from raw water regardless of how much salt it
contains. When combined with a thermal power-generation process, the plant also produces electric
power with a fuel utilization of over 85
A filter assembly for ultra-filtration of fluids such as waste water comprises a porous tube which is 1
incrementally advanced into the fluid so as to expose a fresh portion periodically and maintain a flow
rate over a period of tim

The present invention concerns an apparatus for the depuration of drinkable water for domestic use 1
comprising at least an active coal filter, a volumetric pump, a nanofiltration membrane and a
regulation and control syste

Contaminated water is disinfected by admixture of a highly reactive gas stream containing ions of
oxygen and nitrogen, formed by exposure of air to short-wavelength ultraviolet radiation, and of
chlorine, formed by electrolysis of a brine solution. Solids removal can be accomplished by
electrophoresis in the same unit employed for electrolysis of brine to release chlorine, or in a separate
uni

The invention concerns a module for ultrafiltration or microfiltration of water comprising hollow fibers, 1
of the type of filtration from outside inwards of the fibers, the water to be treated being introduced at
the top of the module and the treated water being collected at the bottom of the module. The fibers
are arranged inside a housing (3) in multiple U-shaped bundles (1), the module being vertically
arranged in use with the U-shape in the top part of the module. At the bottom of the module, each
bundle is arranged in a sheath (4) and individually potted. The sheaths are then urged to be housed in
a distribution plate (2), and all the sheaths are interconnected by pouring (in reverse vertically position
relative to that of the filtering mode) a so-called potting resin (5

The present invention is directed to a contactor for degrassing a liquid. The contractor includes a 1
perforated core and a microporous membrane fabric wrapped around the core. The fabric includes a
polymethyl pentene hollow fiber as a weft fiber and a warp yarn. A tube sheet secures the ends of the
wound fiber and a shell encases the tube sheet and fabric. The shell has at least one opening to
permit fluid flow through the shell and an end cap. In a further embodiment the invention is directed to
a contactor for degrassing a liquid wherein the contactor is adapted to withstand pressures greater
than 0.4 MPa and temperatures greater than 50°

Disclosed herein is a novel multi-layered, composite microporous membrane comprising in at least 1

one layer a highly electropositive hydrophilic material distributed throughout wherein the material is
capable of irreversibly binding nucleic acid and, optionally, at least one layer where the material is
associated with sequence-specific peptide nucleic acids, permitting the simultaneous or sequential
capture, amplification and/or identification of specific nucleic acid sequences of interest. Also
disclosed herein are methods of use of the composite membranes of the invention in applications
based on the sequence-specific capture and/or amplification and identification of nucleic acid from
complex biological sample
An underwater filtration operator which can be suspended in a river, lake, pond or other water body to 1
filter water from the water body. The underwater filtration operator may be electrically charged to
discharge impurities in the water body and increase filtering efficiency and the operator includes a
housing having a selected configuration and divided into one or more filtration units, each of which
includes a filter medium for filtering water from the water body. A pump is provided in the housing for
receiving the filtered water from the filtration units and pumping the filtered water to a collection tank
or dispenser or directly to an end user or to a reverse-osmosis water filtration unit for further filtratio

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for ballast water treatment in order to
eliminate/strongly reduce the ballast water's content of biological organisms, by injecting ozone gas
into the ballast water during loading of ballast water. The inventive apparatus is sufficiently light, small
and cheap such that it can relatively easily be implemented in most existing ships as well as new ship
designs, and that is able to satisfactory kill the marine organisms in the ballast water, either as a
separate system or in combination with conventional ballast water treatment system

A method for separating at least one lower polarity fluid from a mixture of fluids having varying 1
polarity, comprising contacting at least one low polarity or non-polar polymeric membrane with the
mixture of fluids under conditions such that the at least one lower polarity fluid selectively permeates
through the membrane, wherein the membrane is one which has a ratio of heteroatoms chemically
bonded to the carbon atoms in the membrane to the number of carbon atoms of less than about 0.2,
preferably less than about 0.0

Water purifier using membranes, ion exchange resins and electricity to remove ionic, organic and 1
suspended impurities from water to produce high quality, pure water. Supply water is pre-treated by
directing it first into a sediment pre-filter module, a softener module and a sediment removal and
dechlorination module. The pre-treated water is supplied to a reverse osmosis module which
separates the water into two streams (a purified water stream and a concentrate stream) by collecting
fluids from both sides of pressurized membranes. The purified water is passed to an
electrodeionization module which further purifies the water and directs the water to an ultraviolet
sterilization module. The concentrate stream is divided into a recycle stream which is passed to the
inlet of the reverse osmosis module and a waste concentrate stream which flows to an outlet of the
machine. A control method for the water purifier is also disclose

A water supply sub-system for connection to a main water supply system, in which the sub-system 1
includes: a storage tank having an inlet for connection to the main water supply system, an outlet and
an outlet line connecting the outlet of the storage tank to a pump which pumps water from the tank to
a sub-system supply line. One or more branch connections are connected to the sub-system supply
line. Connectable to the one or more branch connections are one or more high-demand water using
devices, such as dialyzer re-use machines. The subsystem may feed water to these high demand
devices, and the sub-system and the one or more high demand devices may thus be substantially
isolated from the main water supply system so that the high demands thereof will not adversely
impact the water supply parameters. Thus, one or more lower demand machines, such as dialysis
machines, may be connected to the main line without supply parameter disruption thereto. The sub-
system preferably further includes a feedback loop and the storage tank preferably has a spray head
disposed therein, the spray head being disposed to spray inlet and/or recirculated feed back water
into said storage tank. Among other alternative options, an ultrafiltration device may also be included
in the sub-system supply line to ensure the purity of the water circulating through the sub-syste

An apparatus for receiving samples, comprising at least one vessel having at least one aperture and a 1
membrane covering the aperture which is held at the border side between a step and a deformed
area of the vesse
This invention provides a method making water safer for use by humans and animals by reducing the 1
levels of a number of different contaminants present in the water, by contacting the water with a first
purification medium comprising alumina; and contacting the water with a second purification medium
comprising zirconi

A treatment system for use in a water delivery system for eradicating bacteria such as the Leionella
bacteria. The treatment system includes an ultraviolet light source for killing bacteria entering the
water delivery system, a electrochemical precipitation unit and a blending valve in communication with
water discharged from the precipitation unit and a source of hot wate

A periodic ozone treatment system for a showering tower type water cooling system worked once 1
daily for a period of 10~30 minutes essentially comprises: an ozone dissolving tank to prepare high
density ozone solution therein and periodically fed to the cooling system from a top of the showering
tower automatically; a bypass piping connected from a heated water recycling pipe after a heat
exchanging in a main functional heat exchanger to a sand filter to shift recycling water for washing the
sand in the filter by a reverse osmosis operation during the period while the ozone treatment system
is working; and an ozone decomposition reactor disposed at a front of heat exchanger free from
corrosio

A colloid comprises a sulfone polymer. The colloid may be used as a replacement for activated carbon 1
or charcoal in water purification systems. Unlike activated carbon, the colloid is advantageously
regenerated chemically and reuse

A system and method for enhancing the flux and separation properties of water filtration membranes 1
by oxidizing raw or processed water constituents with direct photolysis of the water matrix by pulsed
blackbody UV, yielding ozone and hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals and other short lived oxidizing
species. The result thereof, causing precipitation of inorganic molecules or organically complexed
minerals, partial or complete mineralization of organic molecules and the deactivation or destruction
of microbes including: virus, bacteria and protozoa. The system and method comprises a pulsed
blackbody, deep-UV reactor having at least one treatment chamber, the reactor having a conveying
assembly to convey the water to be treated into the chamber; a filter assembly to screen the UV
treated water; a caustic supply means for the post-treatment of water; a recovering assembly
recovering the permeate at an outlet of the filtration means. The effect of such UV water treatment is
multifaceted. One aspect is the reduction of the transmembrane pressure (TMP), another is the
reduction of duration of backwash and caustic cleaning cycles. Also, the oxidation of iron and
manganese to insoluble compounds, without the addition of oxidizing agents, does not harm the
membranes. Iron and manganese turn into hydroxide crystals trapped by the filtration membrane and
separated from the permeate. These effects integrate to enhance the water flux through the filter
membran

The invention provides methods and an apparatus for more efficiently and economically producing 1
purified water from sea water or some other salty or brackish water source. The efficiency is derived
from the co-location with a power plant or other thermal generating source that will heat the feed
water. Reverse osmosis membrane filtration systems work optimally when the feed water is at certain
higher temperature, where that temperature is typically higher than the feed water at ambient
temperatures. By using the heated sea water as the byproduct of the power plant electricity
generating process and if necessary mixing it with ambient temperature sea water, if needed to lower
the water temperature, and using this feed water with a higher temperature than ambient water
temperature, the efficiency of the reverse osmosis system can be increase
An improved water purification system for production of USP purified water and/or USP water for 1
injection include backwashable, chlorine tolerant microfilter or ultrafilter for initial filtration of the feed
water (10). The filtrate from the filter (18) is provided to a dechlorinator (18) prior to being subjected to
an optional, reverse osmosis membrane unit (60) and then to a still (66) which discharges purified
water at USP standards for purified water or water for injectio

A water treatment device includes four filtering members connected in series and the filtering 1
members include a porous film, an active carbon, a ceramic tank or magnets and porous objects. The
magnets activate the water and the mineral substances can be solved in the wate

A water-purifying filter element is provided at an upper part of filtering materials therein with a plurality 1
of surface holes of predetermined depths. The surface holes provide additional water passages for
water introduced into the filter element via the upper part of the filtering materials, so that the
introduced water are guided toward different directions to reduce a flow resistance thereof. The
surface holes also increase impurity-deposit areas in the filter element to extend a service life of the
filter element and speed up purification of wate

A method is provided for the determination of NO2&#8722; and/and NO3&#8722; in water by

subjecting the water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of
wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2&#8722; and/or NO3&#8722;
based on the Raman spectral measurement. The method has particularly applicability to the
determination of such ions in wastewater. The method may also be employed with advantage in the
control of processes involving the removal of ammonium ions upon reaction with oxyge

An apparatus for generating free radical species can be used to sanitize water systems. The
apparatus generates hydroxyl free radical species using substantially pure water, or using a liquid that
is substantially free of oxygen-reactive species, to maximize free radical species generation to
sanitize the water system. The free radical species are generated by ultraviolet radiation having a
wavelength of less than or equal to 254 n

Charged membranes comprise a porous substrate and a cross-linked polyelectrolyte or hydrogel 1

located in the pores of the substrate and are useful in a variety of membrane separation processes
including pressure driven membrane separation, diffusion dialysis. Donnan dialysis, electrodialysis,
electrochemical synthesis and pervaporatio

The present invention is for method and means for purification of water using reversed osmosis. 1
Water is forced through a membrane element (10) under pressure, which is obtained by a high
pressure pump (2), where the water which is supplied to the element (10) is both from the outside
supplied, unpurified water and internally circulated water that has passed by the element at its inlet
side. The high pressure pump operates intermittently and the quantity of water that is circulated
internally is at least as large as the quantity of water that is supplied from the outside. After that the
pressure has been reduced there is a time delayed flush cleaning of the element (10) by flushing with
water that is supplied from outsid
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of arsenic free water and an apparatus 1
therefor. The present invention also relates to a porous ceramic useful for pressure filtration in order to
produce arsenic free water. The present invention particularly relates to a process for preparing
arsenic free (

A method and device for filtration and/or purification of fluids water or other solutions containing 1
microbiological and chemical contaminants, such as fluids containing metals, water treatment
chemicals, reactive chemicals and microorganisms, where the fluid is passed through a composite
material composed of fluid treatment media with or without a binder matrix in which the filtration
media, binder, or support structures, or a combination thereof contains a surface treatmen

A process water treatment and recycling system clarifies and purifies the process water in a food 1
processing or similar system wherein the treated water may used in the fresh water stream of the
system. Removal of useful byproducts in the process water stream is also facilitated. The system is a
mechanical filter system and does not use any chemicals. The system is a multiple step filter process.
Additional steps may added where further clarification is required and fewer steps are contemplated in
certain applications. The system incorporates multiple mechanical screening to remove the solid
waste from the water stream. Experimental result have established that up to 100% of TSS, 100% of
BOD and 86% of COD are removed. This brings the water to acceptable recycling purity ranges and
reduces the amount of fresh water required to be added to the system by as much as 50%. It also
increases the recovery level of useful byproducts such as starch. The mechanical filtration system of
the subject invention eliminates the need for various chemicals, defoamers and process water
treatment chemicals. No additional process water treatment is required for water released into the
public waste water syste

The present invention discloses a fluid purification and disinfection system, which includes a housing,
an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic oxidation device. Said housing therein is an enclosed case
that is fitted with an inlet and an outlet. Furthermore, said ultraviolet lamp is mounted inside the
housing. Said photocatalytic oxidation device is a disinfection core coated with photocatalyst. Said
disinfection core is installed around said ultraviolet lamp, and is fixed onto said housing. Said
photocatalyst therein is titanium dioxide. The working principle of the fluid purification and disinfection
device in accordance with the present invention is to utilize ultraviolet light to irradiate the titanium
dioxide-coated surface of the photocatalytic oxidation device to generate the photocatalytic oxidation
process. As a result, Escherichia coli, Vibriocholerae and pathogenic organisms that contact the
surface of photocatalytic oxidation device can be quickly killed, and contaminants in the fluid can be
eliminated. By this way, water or fluid that flows through said disinfection device is disinfected and
purifie

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for purifying effluent wastewater utilizing 1
electrophoretic cross-flow filtration and electrode ionization. The method first comprises filtering the
water in a cross-flow direction with a filter membrane (120) in the presence of an electric field that is
operative to drive suspended particles away from a surface of the filter membrane (120). The
permeate (134) containing dissolved solids is next passed through a mixture (188) of at least one
cation-exchange resin and at least one anion-exchange resin disposed between a cation-selective
membrane (184) and an anion-selective membrane (181) in the presence of an electric field. The
electric field drives cations in the permeate through the cation-selective membrane (184), and drives
anions in the permeate through the anion-selective membrane (181), thereby to form deionized water
(192). The apparatus includes cell modules adapted to be used in plate-and-frame or radial flow
configuration

A resist removal method and device therefor are provided that are excellent from the point of view of
washing costs and environmental preservation and that also offer extremely high removal
performance, and this method of resist removal using functional water according to the present
invention includes the following steps: (1) a step of irradiating a substrate to which resist has been
applied with vacuum ultraviolet light of wavelength 172±10 nm; (2) a step of substantially uniformly
applying functional water to this resist surface; and (3) a step of irradiating ultraviolet light of
wavelength 190 to 310 nm onto this functional wate
A water purification system 2 includes a pulsed source of UV light. This UV light is emitted by a pulsed
laser 12, and the UV light pulses are incident upon water passing though a pulsed UV generator 10.
The UV light pulses also strike crystalline members 36, such as diamonds and quartz crystals, which
are also disposed within the flow path. The combination of incident UV light pulses and UV light
dispersed by crystals 36 having differing crystal structures and differing sizes has been found to be
effective in destroying organic pathogens including microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruse

An improved residential countertop water treatment unit for producing potable water suitable for 1
human ingestion such as by drinking or cooking comprises a vertical arrangement of a base, a
cartridge, and a spigot at the top. The base includes an elongated threaded stub pipe extended
downward for fastening the base to a sink surface or countertop and for receiving water from a
potable cold water supply line. The base includes an internal valve for controlling water flow between
the elongated threaded stub pipe and the inlet of the water filter cartridge. With the valve closed, the
cartridge may be readily exchanged by simply unscrewing the spent cartridge from the base and then
screwing in a new cartridg

A system and method of desalinating brackish water from an inland, underground water supply is 1
disclosed. The system includes a source of underground water, at least one distillation and/or non-
distillation desalination stage, and a source of waste heat from a power generator. The method
includes desalinating brackish water drawn from an underground source using waste heat from a
power generator and one or more non-distillation and/or distillation desalination stages. Potable water
is recovered from both the brackish underground water using waste heat from the power generator,
while dissolved salts are taken to dryness and removed as solids and from the flue gase

A water purifier that has a water container, preferably annular in configuration, within which the water
to be purified flows in a continuous stream from an inlet to an outlet within a passageway. A UV
emitter, external of the container, directs UV radiation through the water passing through the
container. The passageway is a thin depth such that the UV radiation travels only a short path in
penetrating the water and thus is very efficient. The UV source is located in close proximity to a thin
wall of the water container to further enhance the efficiency of the UV energy. By such design, the
water flows continuously through the water purifier and is purified by the time it exits through the
outlet. There may be a reflective means proximate of on the outer wall of the container that reflects
UV energy back toward the water passagewa

Each cap of a pair of end caps mounted on opposed ends of a conventional radial flow cylindrical filter 1
element of a filter cartridge includes a circular sleeve extending axially from the filter element for
penetrably receiving a supporting stud and for maintaining an O-ring seal therebetween. The area of
one of the end caps radially outwardly of its circular sleeve is greater than the corresponding area of
the other end cap to cause fluid to be filtered to pressure bias the filter cartridge toward the other end
cap and to positionally retain the filter cartridge within its housing. A positioning member extending
into the filter element from one of the end caps receives and stabilizes sleeve for a u/v lamp disposed
within the filter element to kill any microorganisms present and to oxidize any organic matter
subjected to the emitted ultra-violent radiatio

A self-cleaning water filtration system includes a pre-filter to filter oils and relatively medium sized 1
particles in a water flow, a multi-stage filter to purify and provide a second level of filtration to the
water flow, and a self-cleaning filter to provide a third level of filtration to the water flow. Water flow
through the filter media of the self-cleaning filter is redirected to flush waste to a containment-tank
filter. The self-cleaning filter has a purge output, which may spray the pre-filter to substantially remove
particles from the pre-filter for collection in the containment tank. The multi-stage filter may have at
least two layers of filter media. The pre-filter may be disposable and comprised of a mineral sanitizer
positioned between two layers of an oil absorbing fabric. The water flow through the filter media of the
self-cleaning filter may be redirected in response to an occurrence of either a change in output water
pressure or an indication from a timer occurring on a regular basis. In some embodiments, 100%
filtration of water is provide
A filter system for spas and swimming pools is disclosed having a primary filter containing a porous 1
membrane made of multiple plies. A fluid purifying medium in the form of irregularly shaped copper
and zinc alloy particles is captured between the plies and placed in contact with the spa water to kill
bacteria and remove heavy metals, precipitates and chlorine as the water cycles through the filter. A
micro filter for filtering particles surrounds the primary filter, the micro filter and primary filter are
mounted in a chamber in fluid communication with the spa or pool. Another particulate filter is
positioned upstream of the micro filter and primary filter. A secondary micro filter and primary filter
provide filter capacity augmentation through a parallel flow path during periods of increased deman

Recreational or process water can be treated by uniformly dissolving in the water a singlet oxygen-
generating photosensitizer selected from the group consisting of condensed aromatic compounds,
acridine dyes, coumarin dyes, crystal violet, fluorene derivatives, porphyrin derivatives, chlorins,
thiazine dyes, thioketones, xanthene dyes, or by uniformly dissolving in the water a singlet oxygen-
generating photosensitizer having an absorption maximum less than 659 nm and sufficiently strong
coloration so that the presence of the photosensitizer can be visually detected in the water. Exposure
of the photosensitizer and ambient or added oxygen to sufficient light or other activating energy
causes the generation of singlet oxygen and the destruction or control of microorganism

This water saving gravity filter/storage tank has three function 1

A method of desalination of sea water is disclosed and the method comprises the steps of drawing a 1
stream of sea water into a supplying tank; passing a high pressure air via the top end of the supplying
tank; delivering sea water to a pressure tank; and performing desalination via a plurality of reverse
osmosis film

A water purification system and method based on reverse osmosis is provided. An inlet of supplied 1
water to be purified is driven by a first flow propelling device which drives inlet supplied water flow to
an upstream side of a membrane. An outlet of reject water from the upstream side of the membrane is
driven by a second flow propelling device. The first and second flow propelling devices are powered
by a common driving shaft or otherwise linked or controlled so that a ratio of inlet flow to outlet flow is
maintained constant and a rate of permeate flow from a downstream side of the membrane is also
kept constan

A portable water purifier having a housing, a handle, an input tube, an output valve, a power supply 1
line, and a water purification system. This water purification system includes a preliminary filter, a
pump, two reverse osmosis units and a discharge tube. The preliminary filter can be placed in a river
or a lake. The power supply line can connect to an electric energy source, such as electric generator,
solar electric generator, and so on. So, it is very convenient to use it indoors or outdoor

Hydration beverages configured for non-human animals. The beverages can comprise surface water
or other naturally-obtained water that comprises various trace elements, minerals, vitamins, etc., that
are beneficial for animals and that animals have traditionally obtained by drinking such natural water.
This compares with highly processed, human-specific water available from the tap or from various
human-specific water suppliers, wherein a significant amount (indeed, sometimes substantially all) of
the potentially beneficial nutrients and other beneficial components have been removed in order to
meet human drinking water safety standards. The beverages comprise one or more animal-specific
added flavorants configured to appeal substantially only to non-human animals. The hydration
compositions are provided in containers that comprise labeling or packaging that identifies the water
as specifically for non-human animal
A water purification system and method for producing high-purity, laboratory-quality product water 1
from feed water containing a concentration of dissolved ions and other contaminants. The water
purification system includes a reverse osmosis unit and a capacitive deionization module positioned in
a recirculation path coupling a concentrate outlet of the reverse osmosis unit in fluid communication
with a feed water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit. The capacitive deionization unit removes dissolved
ions from the concentrate stream, which is admixed with feed water provided to the feed water inlet of
the reverse osmosis unit. A permeate outlet of the reverse osmosis unit outputs a stream of the high-
purity product water to be, for example, stored in a storage tan

The present invention relates to ultrafiltration. In particular, the present invention provides a compact 1
ultrafiltration device and methods for generating an ultrafiltrate, both of which can be used for a
variety of applications, including, but not limited to filtering blood, diagnostic applications, and as a
bioreacto

The invention discloses a multifunctional water supply tank with pressure-stabilized water storage and 1
quality-distinguished supply of service and potable water, which includes a service water storage
room with a water inlet and a water outlet, a potable water storage room communicated with the
service water storage room and containing purifying agents, a potable water outlet, and a water outlet
communicated with a solar water heater, the present invention solves the problems of insufficient
water pressure of tap water pipe network and the secondary water contamination during water supply
by the pipe network, meanwhile it heats and preserves the temperature of the water supply tank cover
and the water supply pipe walls, and separates pure water from service water, solar heated water, and
purified potable water for separate metering and utilizatio

An ultraviolet cleaning water device has a cleaning water cylinder, a temperature sensor device, an
ultraviolet ray tube inserted in the cleaning water cylinder, a plurality of tube pins disposed on a
bottom of the ultraviolet ray tube, a socket connected to the bottom of the ultraviolet ray tube, a power
source device, a stabilizer, a cable connected to the power source device and the stabilizer, a wire
connected to the power source device and the temperature sensor device, and a plurality of
conductive pins connected to the power source device and the socket to communicate with the tube
pins. The cleaning water cylinder has a channel to receive the temperature sensor devic

An ultraviolet-and-ozone disinfection apparatus 200 providing an improvement on disinfection,

includes a disinfection tank 202, a mercury UV lamp 210 enclosed by a quartz tube 208 for generating
UV light with air trapped between them undergoing UV irradiation to generate ozone, an ozone
transmitting tube 216, a spiral water transmitting tube 215 wrapping around the quartz tube in a spiral
manner to achieve sufficient disinfection by mixing ozone in water, a sleeve barrel enclosing the spiral
tube. Along the entire flow path, water is exposed to UV radiation to achieve sufficient disinfection and
reduce excessive ozone that is harmful to human healt

This invention is capable of providing a water purifying apparatus with a comparatively simple
configuration that can be used easily. First, a usage state is adopted by operating the knob of the
faucet. In doing so, the detection means detects the flow of the water. As a result, the control unit
supplies electricity to the ultraviolet light generator based on the detection signal form the detection
means, and ultraviolet light is emitted. The emitted ultraviolet light then irradiates water within the
passage. Water sterilization can then be carried out as a result of doing this. The ultraviolet light
generator only generates light when the faucet is in use. It is therefore possible to utilize the ultraviolet
light generator for long periods of time and savings are made with respect to power consumption.
Further, a curving part is formed in the passage, and the ultraviolet light generator is arranged in the
vicinity of the curving part. The time for which the water is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the
ultraviolet light generator is therefore made long, and the water purification efficiency is improve
A water treatment system which comprises a reverse osmosis device having a fluid inlet, a permeate 1
outlet and a concentrate outlet with a pump to pump a fluid through the reverse osmosis device, and a
magnetic treatment device situated upstream of the fluid inlet, and filter means arranged to filter fluid
from the concentrate outlet prior to recycling the fluid upstream of the magnetic treatment device.
When a plurality of passes, the system reduces membrane fouling as the crystal structure of the
precipitate is changed to reduce the amount of calcite to a deposit which precipitates mostly as
aragonit

A method is provided for converting feedwater to fresh water utilizing existing water pressures and 1
high flow rates. At least one reverse osmosis unit is disposed in a feedwater supply conduit.
Feedwater is conveyed through the supply conduit and the reverse osmosis unit at a pressure that
exceeds the osmotic pressure for solids dissolved in the feedwater. A first stream of fresh water is
withdrawn from the reverse osmosis unit as permeate, and a second stream is withdrawn therefrom
as effluent. The effluent is returned to, or continues to flow in, the supply conduit downstream of the
reverse osmosis uni

A method, system and apparatus for treating water is provided including a treatment mode comprising 1
the steps of drawing said water from a pressurized water source through a controlling device to a
treating vessel, the water inlet of said treating vessel being substantially at the top of a treating vessel,
contacting said water with pressurized air present at the top of said treating vessel to release
substantially all hydrogen sulfide and offensive odors present in the water and to dissolve oxygen in
the water which reacts with soluble iron in the water to form ferric oxides, flowing the water through a
filter bed of calcite mineral to remove substantially all sediment present in the water and to neutralize
the ph of the water and to remove substantially all the ferric oxides from the water, the ferric oxides
fastening to the calcite minerals and to already fastened ferric oxides, flowing the water to a final
media means and to the outlet of the treating vesse

A self-contained, portable water purification system, including (a) an ozone supply, (b) an ozone
contact chamber for mixing a contaminated or potentially contaminated water stream with ozone
generated by such ozone supply, (c) an ozone destruction unit for destructing ozone contained in the
water stream and converting said water stream into an oxygen-rich and ozone-depleted water stream,
and (d) a downstream biologically active carbon filter, for receiving such oxygen-rich and ozone-
depleted water stream and biologically destructing at least a portion of contaminants contained therei

The present invention relates to systems for circulating water in a potable water piping network to
prevent the stagnation of water in this piping network. Several systems are disclosed wherein
partitioned pipes, pumps, partitioned headers, check valves, and scoop inserts are used to keep the
water in movement inside the pipes. The present invention comprises several pumping arrangements
for circulating water inside fire hydrant laterals and inside the branch pipes along dead-end streets
where most of the water stagnation occurs. Although partitioned pipes are used and opposite flows
are induced in opposite pipe halves, full pipe flow to each hydrant is maintainable in case of
emergency. Inside buildings, the water is kept in movement inside a loop pipe that extends close to
each water outlet such that the water is maintained fresh at each outle

A skimmer and filter unit for use with a body of water. A tank portion of the unit defines an interior
skimmer chamber, one or more ultraviolet light chambers, filter chamber, and pump chamber. Water is
received through a pivoting weir door of a skimmer faceplate assembly affixed to the tank portion.
Water is directed downward from the weir opening to a skimmer basket, then through unidirectional
ports defined in a lower portion of a partitioning wall to one or more ultraviolet light chambers where it
is subjected to ultraviolet light. After being subjected to ultraviolet light, the water is passed through a
filter chamber then to a pump chamber where it is pumped away from the skimmer and filter unit. An
interlocking lid is secured to the tank portion to seal the interior of the tank portion and protect the tank
from deformation caused by the surrounding environmen
A filter medium capable of removing microorganisms from a fluid such as water. The filter medium 1
includes particles of activated carbon, particles of a substantially insoluble inorganic material having
an isoelectric point greater than the fluid being filtered. A low melt index binder, preferably with a melt
index of less than about 1 gram per 10 minutes, binds the particles of activated carbon and particles
of inorganic material, such that the binder will become tacky at elevated temperatures without
becoming sufficiently liquid to substantially wet the particles of activated carbon and inorganic materia

An ultraviolet sensor monitors an effectiveness of ultraviolet lamps used in sterilization systems. The
sensor includes an ultraviolet photodetector and a filter cooperating therewith configured for detecting
light at wavelengths between 200-300 nm. A purification system for air or water utilizes the sensor in
conjunction with an ultraviolet lamp directing ultraviolet light toward the air or wate

A multifunctional pure water maker includes a main body and a reverse osmosis module. The main 1
body includes a base portion and a column extending from the base portion. A water container is
removably placed on the base portion. A control cap is pivotally attached to the column and includes a
compartment in an underside thereof. An outlet pipe is mounted in the control cap and has an end
communicated with the reverse osmosis module. Water purified by the reverse osmosis module flows
through the other end of the outlet pipe into the water container when the control cap is in a closed
position covering an opening of the water container. A limit switch is mounted in the control cap such
that the reverse osmosis module is activated to proceed with production of pure water when the
control cap is moved to the closed position and that the reverse osmosis module is deactivated when
the control cap is moved to an open positio

A method for disinfecting turbid liquids which includes reducing liquid opacity by diffusing the turbid
liquid and exposing the liquid to a source of UV radiation for a time sufficient to disinfect and/or
sterilize the liquid. The diffusion may be accomplished by aerating, agitation, misting or atomizing the
turbid wate

An apparatus for treating water has a contact zone, a separation zone and a collection zone. The 1
contact zone and the separation zone are located adjacent to each other in a tank. Feed water
containing pressurized dissolved air enters and releases bubbles into the separation zone. The
bubbles contact the contaminants to form bubble-contaminant complexes that float upwards and
spread over the surface of the tank. Bubble-contaminant complexes move to the collection zone. A
filtered permeate is withdrawn from the water in the tank through an immersed membrane filtration
module located within the separation zone of the tan

A process for recovering potable water from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine is 1
disclosed. In this process the exhaust gases are cooled causing water to condense out, and the water
formed is passed through particulate filters, activated carbon filters and ion exchange resin filters. In
this process, the water is treated to reduce the levels of nitrates, sulfates, acidic and other organic
components therein (for example, by passing it through a flow through capacitor) before the water is
passed through the ion exchange resins. The apparatus for practicing this process is also disclose

Parallel desalting (PDS) includes a hybrid membrane softening (MS) system for de-mineralizing water 1
for residential and commercial use. Parallel desalting produces ""soft"" water without the use of salt,
or any other liquid chemical reagent normally used to carry out pH adjustment in industrial membrane
and precipitation processes. The PDS process balances the operation of a RO (potable water)
membrane unit with the operation of a tubular MF (wastewater) membrane unit, thereby providing a
highly efficient and regenerative water treatment technology: (1) The optimum operation for the PDS
system transforms roughly 90 percent of a potable, slightly brackish water supply into
In a through hole closing process, a metal plate is attached to one surface of a conductive base 1
member having a plurality of through holes by the use of a magnet, in a copper plating process, a
copper plating layer is formed on the conductive base member and the metal plate exposed within the
through holes, from the side of the conductive base member where the metal plate is not attached,
thereby to fill up the through holes, in a film forming process, a Pd alloy film is formed by plating on
the surface of the conductive base member after removal of the metal plate, and in a removal
process, the copper plating layer is removed by selective etching, thereby to produce a hydrogen
production filter that is used in a reformer of a fuel cell so as to be capable of stably producing high
purity hydrogen ga

A mobile field electrical supply, freshwater and saltwater purification system, power wash, wash 1
station, and water collection and reclamation apparatus provides water collection, handling, treatment,
and storage capacity. The apparatus comprises a raw water filtration system, a sodium ion exchange
system, a storage system with a plurality of tanks, a reverse osmosis system, and heating and
distributions systems. The apparatus also comprises a mobile electrical power system. Optionally, the
apparatus includes a desalination system, a disinfection system, a rainwater collection system, a fluid
containment and recovery system, and an auxiliary fluid distribution system. The disinfection system
may include a chlorination, ultraviolet light, or ozone disinfection system, and may further include a
distillation system that may be conventionally powered or solar powered. Water may be distributed
through a plurality of auxiliary devices, including pressure pumps, heaters, fluid lines, power wash
equipment, shower heads, and associated air powered tool

In some aspects, the invention provides an apparatus for treating water that has an MF or UF 1
membrane filter located upstream of a downstream reverse osmosis unit. The MF or UF filter provides
pretreatment for the RO unit. The feed water to be treated is fed to the MF or UF filter. Permeate from
the MF or UF filter is fed to the reverse osmosis unit. The RO unit is thus fed with pre-treated water
having a reliably and significantly reduced concentration of suspended solids. Spacers in the RO unit
are made thinner than spacers that would be appropriate for use if the RO unit was fed with the water
to be treated directly or through a less reliable pretreatment stage. For example, the RO spacers of a
spiral wound module may be 15 to 25 mil (381 to 635 microns) thick or 17 to 22 mil (431.8 to 558.8
microns) thic

An automatic, self-regulating method of water treatment for use in water circulating towers in which 1
water is evaporated, and make up water is added, with components which synergistically function to
cut chemical, energy, water, corrosion, pollution, and maintenance costs, by passing the water
through a Water Conditioning unit to prevent adhering evaporation scale deposits along with their
content of concentrated biofouling nutrients from forming on the flooded surfaces of the tower and its
associated water flow circuit, adding. a trace level of iodine to the input make-up water to enhance the
further disinfection of nutrient-deprived surfaces from any residual biofilm and chance pathogen
contaminations, and adding a trace level addition of zinc ions in the water such as by an assured
treatment feeder to the input make-up flow for inhibiting residual iodine-resistant algal and bacterial
organisms of hazard for restoring bionutrient tower conditions, such as within sun-lit environments,
and apparatus for carrying out the foregoing metho

The invention relates to an analyzer device of the kind using purified water and including one or more
analyzer means adapted to carry out predetermined analyses and defining at least one point of use of
the purified water and having a water purification system at least partially formed on board the device.
The water purification system includes a variety of water purification modules adapted to produce
purified water for the one or more analyzer means having a predetermined purity and in that the
purified water is taken up by the one or more analyzer means immediately after it has been purifie
A wet oxidation/reduction electrolytic cell stack, system, and method for the remediation of
contaminated water is disclosed. A porous electrode of large surface area produces powerful oxidizing
agents in situ without having to add any reagents, oxidizers, or catalysts to the water to be treated.
Further, by the appropriate selection of electrode material, organic contaminants may be absorbed
onto the surface of the electrode and subsequently oxidized to provide a dynamically renewable
porous electrode surface. Flow rates, and power requirements may be tailored to the specific moieties
to be removed, thus allowing local treatment of specific waste streams resulting in direct discharge to
a publicly owned treatment works (POTW) or surface water discharge. A novel feature of this
invention is the ability to remove both organic and metal contaminants without the addition of
treatment reagents or catalyst

A low-waste or no-waste reverse osmosis water supply system includes a pressurized permeate 1
storage tank connected to the permeate outlet of one or more membrane elements with a valve
operable by a user for tapping water on demand from the permeate storage tank. A pressurized waste
storage tank is connected to the waste outlet of the element. The waste water from the waste storage,
instead of being wasted is supplied on demand to a toilet tank for supplying flush water to a toilet. The
operation of the system to supply product and waste is controlled by a pressure detection switch
responsive to the filling of the waste tank so that if the system operates with the product tank full all
water is fed to waste. The system is controlled by operating a pump which draws waste water away
from the waste side at a sufficient rate, substantially independent of the pressure in the waste tank, to
prevent accumulation of contaminants on the waste side. A bypass is provided to supply water from
the inlet to the toilet tank if temporarily insufficient is available from the syste

An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent process for production of a surface-
treated particulate water-absorbent resin wherein the process adopts a surface-treatment process
that can enhance the properties (which the water-absorbent resin is desired to have) to extremely
high levels, and also can solve the prior problems in such as safety, and further can sufficiently carry
out the treatment even at a reaction temperature near room temperature. As a means of achieving
this object, the process according to the present invention for production of a surface-treated
particulate water-absorbent resin is characterized by comprising the steps of: adding a treating liquid
to a particulate water-absorbent resin as a base polymer, wherein the treating liquid contains a
radically polymerizable compound; and then irradiating the particulate water-absorbent resin with
active energy rays while fluidizing the particulate water-absorbent resin, thereby surface-treating i

The present invention provides a method of removing contaminants from water which includes the 1
steps of first providing a water feed exposed to at least one hydrocarbon or chemical process. This
water feed is set in-line with a reverse osmosis system which includes an inlet, at least one reverse
osmosis membrane, a permeate outlet, and a reject outlet. Then, pressure is applied to the water
feed, or where the pressure of the water feed is higher than desired, the pressure is controlled or
reduced. The pressure of the water feed serves to force the water feed through the reverse osmosis
system. The reverse osmosis system then separates the water feed into a permeate and reject which
includes at least one of the contaminants. The permeate is then directed to the permeate outlet and
the reject is directed to the reject outle

A filtration apparatus for water allows facile purification of water used, for example, for domestic 1
housing, swimming pools and hot tubs. It includes an external substantially supported rigid course
filter; allowing water to pass into the apparatus, an inner tube disposed within the rigid course filter
and attached to the frame, forming a first annular volume between the rigid course filter and the inner
tube, and having at least one portal to allow fluid to pass into a lower pooling volume, a permeable
member covering the portal separating the lower pooling volume and the first annular volume, an
amount of a bimetallic treatment composition held within the lower pooling volume, a compacted block
of adsorbable impurity treatment media having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the inner
tube forming a second annular volume, and an inner open cylindrical portion forming the inside
surface of the second annular volume, and an exit portal for a fluid formed by the open cylindrical
portion allowing a fluid passed through the apparatus to exit the apparatus. This invention also
includes a method for purifying water using the apparatus describe
A point-of-use filtering and water treating kit includes a container, a plurality of membrane-type filter 1
elements and a filter basket to support the filter elements during use. The filter elements are
contained within a reclosable package that is fitted within the container during storage. At least one
ladle or other drinking cup is also contained within the container to provide a complete assembly for
producing potable water. In use, the package containing the filter elements is removed from the
container and a single filter element is placed in the filter basket. The filter basket is nested in the top
end of the container and the water to be filtered is poured through the filter element. The filtered and
purified water is collected within the container. In one embodiment, the filter elements contain a
purifying agent, disinfectant or antimicrobial agent impregnated within the filter element to treat the
water as the water is being filtere

Water containing dissolved salts, such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, 1
magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium bicarbonate, and
mixtures thereof, is treated to reduce the concentration of those salts. About 0.1 to about 60 g/L of
sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, calcium hydroxide,
calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate, and mixtures
thereof is added to the water, whereby a precipitate forms in the water. The precipitate is separated
from said water and the water is desalinated using reverse osmosis, flash evaporation, or another
method. The process is preferably performed by first adding calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide,
separating the precipitate that forms, then adding sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate to form a
second precipitat

An ultraviolet water disinfection system in which the power source to operate the system is human
motion. The human power source is any form of repetitive motion such as pedaling, stepping,
cranking, winding, shaking, etc. This repetitive motion is converted to electrical energy of sufficient
magnitude to power a small water disinfection system using ultraviolet irradiation principle

A fluid treatment system includes at least one flow-through tank, a treatment device configured for 1
treating at least one of an untreated fluid and a treated fluid and providing the treated fluid to the at
least one flow-through tank and at least one sensing device configured for sensing the quality of fluid
in the at least one flow-through tank. The sensing device is connected to the treatment device for
providing the treated fluid to the at least one flow-through tank upon a determination of a quality of
fluids in the at least one flow-through tank being less than or equal to a predetermined fluid quality
threshol

A water disinfection delivery treatment system first filters the supply by a particle and then a carbon 1
filter. The partially treated flow is split in two and a first part passes through a first cutoff valve and is
fed into a disinfection (iodine) chamber, filter or feeder via a flow restricter. The chamber output
passes through a second solenoid driven cutoff valve. The second part is fed to a third cutoff valve
and this valve's output is summed with the second valve's output and then fed into a holding tank. The
tank retain's a volume such that the water remains therein for at least a period sufficient to permit a
minimum 3 log reduction of pathogenic microbes. A final carbon filter is downstream of the tank as is a
meter and dispenser. A method is also provided for delivering potable drinking wate

A contamination purification system which can be installed in a narrow space to efficiently treat soil
contaminated with a volatile organic compound, even when it is at a relatively low concentration,
without needing a large-scale purification unit, and can effectively utilize the recovered volatile organic
compound by its combustion/electric power generation unit. More particularly, a contamination
purification system for purification of an area contaminated with a volatile organic compound, which is
composed of an extraction well located in the contaminated area, gas suction/exhausting unit for
extracting the volatile organic compound from the extraction well, vapor liquid separator for separating
water accompanying the extracted volatile organic compound, and combustion/electric power
generation unit for transforming energy produced by combusting the separated/recovered volatile
organic compound into electric power, wherein the electric power produced by the combustion/electric
power generation unit is used as a power for driving the contamination purification syste
An in-home water treatment system that provides three stages of treatment for incoming water. The 1
first treatment stage is a particulate removal stage, utilizing a spun fiber filter pad. The second
treatment stage is a chemical compound removal stage, utilizing a carbon block filter. The third
treatment stage is a disinfection stage utilizing an ultraviolet lamp. The three treatment stages are
contained within a tubular enclosure to provide stage-by-stage treatment of the incoming water to
improve its qualit

The present invention is related to a tridimensional combined green building which is constituted with
plant, biologic ecosystem, physical environment ecosystem, habitation environment and the
combination thereof. Said tridimensional combined green-building may comprises green villages,
green areas and green scientific town, such as tridimensional wall, tridimensional river and
tridimensional bridge etc., and they can be divided into variety of green buildin

A method of producing safe drinking water from virtually any water source utilizing a water purification
system is disclosed. The method includes a combination of water purification methods with a control
system that evaluates water quality and functional processing parameters, such as pressure and flow.
The control system determines what water processing methods to utilize and how most efficiently to
operate them. The system is capable of treating highly contaminated water to the necessary degree to
produce safe drinking water. Furthermore, the system regulates and cleans itself to maintain
functionality despite receiving high concentrations of various contaminants from the feed water sourc

The present invention is a photocatalysis water purifying device that provides an excellent purging
water quality feature. The outermost part of the device is equipped with a light-pervious cover; the
inner part of the device has an ultraviolet tube. Furthermore, a photocatalysis membrane is clothed
outside the light-pervious cover. Due to the direct application of the photocatalysis membrane on the
ultra violet tube and the utilization of the silica gel to seal up the opening for water-resistance
purposes, this device can be put in the water alone with the tube and thereby effectively provides the
antibacterial and germ-eliminating functions based on the stimulation between violate-rays and
photocatalysis. Moreover, the device can be used together with an air-supplier to assist the chemical
reaction of photocatalysi

A water treatment and storage vessel has a reservoir for untreated water and filter means in fluid 1
communication with the reservoir. A main vessel portion is provided for receiving and storing treated
water which comprises a Peltier-effect device for removing heat from treated water therein, thereby
cooling the wate

A water treatment tank for use with water purification apparatus including an ultra-violet lamp within an
encapsulating sleeve onto which incoming water is directed to provide a thin laminar flow about the
bulb. The lower compartment has cooling coils about the walls for cooling the water therein relative to
the water in the upper compartment. A surrounding sleeve may be located intermediate the
encapsulating sleeve and an outer vessel in the tank. A leak detector is located in the encapsulating
sleeve. The leak detector and outer vessel are believed to provide safety to users in the event of
internal breakage in the tank. A reflective surface is also utilized to direct UV light into portions of the
faucets formerly obscured from UV treatment. The faucets preferably provide self-sanitizing capability
and an information center selectively displays time until next service, cost savings over bottled water
and information related to the dispense
An ultraviolet water treatment system comprising a water chamber having a water intake for untreated
water to enter the chamber, and a water outlet for water to leave the chamber; an ultraviolet light
source; and a fibre optic rod having a distributing end and a receiving end, the receiving end is
located to receive the focused ultraviolet light from the light source and convey the light through the
rod and out the distributing end into the chamber to treat the wate

An automatic water filtration and purification system will allow a continuous water flow to downstream 1
fixtures while simultaneously and automatically regularly flushing and cleaning in-path filter media.
The automatic water filtration and purification system has at least one filter to remove impurities from
a water in-path through-put. A cleaner is coupled to the at least one filter to clean the at least one filter.
A controller is coupled to the at least one filter to regulate automatic operation of the cleaner wherein
continuous operation of water flow to fixtures downstream of the at least one filter is essentially
uninterrupted during the operation of the cleaner and the controlle

Portable personal water purifier with a microdischarge array sealed with a radiation emitter, preferably 1
XeI, slightly above atmospheric or water pressure in a closely-configured treatment chamber. Each
array is a polyimide film separating a copper layer or mesh cathode surface from a conductor pattern
of nickel anodes at UV pixel via sites. The sealed microdischarge array is juxtaposed in effective
purifying range of all the water. In a canteen embodiment, the array is presented as a divider in the
water chamber, or at its sides. In a continuous-flow embodiment, the array is presented as a spiral
flow-through packet between input and output connections axial to a cylindrical water jacket. Battery
or plug power is provided, along with any desired input filter. Two microdischarge arrays are
preferably sealed in a twin-pack about a set of stiffener rods, which may extend outward for re-
assembly in positioning sockets after cleaning. Other separation assurance devices are spiral and
chain separator

A filtration module has elements having hollow fiber membranes oriented horizontally between 1
vertically extending headers. Shrouds extending between the headers on either side of the elements
providing vertically extending gaps between adjacent elements in the module. The shrouds permit
water to flow through them but constrain the membranes and may discourage scouring bubbles from
leaving the element

A portable water filtration system filters water as it flows through an inlet of a conventional storage
container and removes impurities before they enter the container. The filtration system is implemented
within a cap that can attach to a variety of standard water storage containers, such as Nalgene(TM)-
type water bottles. When attached to the storage container, the cap seals around the container inlet
and prevents the outer surface of the container inlet from contacting the water. To that end, two
watertight seals are formed to isolate the outer surface of the inlet from any fluid communication, e.g.,
during a water-filling process. Because the outer surface of the inlet does not contact the unfiltered
water, no contaminants can adhere to the inlet's surface and threaten a drinker's health if he/she
drinks directly from the storage container after the cap is removed. The filtration system may be
detachable from the base, such that the filtration system can be removed while the filtered water is
disinfected using known ultra-violet (UV) and chemicals. In one embodiment, the filtration system may
be cleaned and reinserted in an opposite orientation to seal the filtered and treated water in the
containe

In accordance with the present invention, a conventional wind turbine used to generate electricity is
modified to have a transparent roof, the roof being constructed in a way similar to seawater distillation
plants. A small portion of the electricity generated by wind turbines is used to pump unpurified water to
the roof of the generation system where it is distilled into pure drinking water. This water can then be
gravity fed or pumped, again using the electricity from the turbine, elsewhere for storage and eventual
use. Periodically, the purification process can be shut down and either purified or unpurified water can
be used to flush the pollutants back to the water source and to clean the outside of the roof, and
energy needed for these operations is also obtained from the electricity generated by the turbines.
The system provides a means of adding to the purity of the water by killing bacteria with ultra-violate
radiation and a means of storing excess wind generated electricity in the form of potable wate
An improved water purification system including a high-efficiency reverse osmosis (HERO) system 1
and a base dosing system for rapidly raising the pH of wastewater treated in the system. The
invention includes an ion exchange unit for initially removing positive and negative ions from the
wastewater. A high-efficiency reverse osmosis (HERO) system is provided downstream of the ion
exchange unit for further removing ions from the wastewater. A base dosing system is provided
between the ion exchange unit and the HERO system for dosing a base into and rapidly raising the
pH of the wastewater as the wastewater flows from the ion exchange unit into the HERO syste

A filtration apparatus and method for filtering a stream. The apparatus comprises a rotor that contains 1
an inlet for the stream and an array of cavities operatively arranged to receive the stream from the
impeller. The rotor member further includes membranes, operatively positioned within the array of
cavities, for separating the impurities from the stream, and a permeate outlet for delivering a
permeate from the rotor. A drive member is included for rotating the rotor so that the stream is
exposed to a centrifugal force. In one preferred embodiment, the rotor contains a baffle plate to
distribute the stream about the inner portion and an impeller vane adapted to receive the strea

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for filtering or purifying wate 1

A water treatment unit for a drinks dispenser has a flow passage and a UV light source arranged to
irradiate water flowing through the flow passage to control levels of bacteria in the water at the point of
dispense. The flow passage and light source are located in a housing that reflects the UV radiation
towards the flow passage and absorbs heat emitted by the light source. An air inlet at the inlet end of
the flow passage allows water to drain from the flow passage between dispenses and a cover at the
outlet end of the flow passage prevents contamination of the flow passage by human contac

Non-coherent UV-treated porous halopolymer membranes are disclose 1

A water treatment unit for positioning in a sport bottle or container for treating water includes a prefilter 1
section, a pretreatment section, a treatment section and a post treatment section. A first chamber in
the pretreatment section contains a first treatment medium which comprises at least one loose
particulate medium through which the water to be treated flows in a vertical upward direction during
treatment to lift the medium. A second chamber in the treatment section contains a second treatment
medium through which the treated water flows in a radial horizontal direction during treatment. And a
third chamber in the post treatment section contains a third treatment medium through which the
water to be treated flows during treatmen

Methods and systems for the concentration and removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions are
described, comprising treating the aqueous solutions with photoswitchable ionophore
The invention is a container for purifying water with an integrated solar-powered rechargeable battery
and UV-C emitting LE

An apparatus for automatically replenishing the deionized pure water includes a first filter, a second 1
filter, a container and a replenishment unit. The first filter eliminates the extra chlorine, heavy metal,
and bacteria of input water by way of an electrochemical oxidation reduction to obtain clean water.
The second connected to the first filer eliminates the anion and cation of the clean water from the first
filter to obtain pure water to store in the container. The replenishment unit detects the volume of the
stored water in the container and a switch is controlled by an outer controlling circuit to perform water
replenishment of the containe

Disclosed is an air-water-catalyst-UV light contacting, air heating and cooling, humidifying and 1
dehumidifying CHAMBER, which receives water that continuously recirculates through the water
filtering, heating and cooling, (and deionizing) loop, which gets fresh outdoors air through the energy-
efficient heat exchanger, which generates water from the atmospheric moisture, which stores and
recirculates pure water through potable water holding tank, and to which is connected a novel design
energy-efficient self-regulating steam distillation apparatus. Also, a water filtration system utilizing
zwitterionic polymers as ion exchange and salt-absorbing and filtration media. Also disclosed are
novel ionic and zwitterionic polymers, derived from cellulos

A high concentration electrolised ozonated water generation system is capable of converting input 1
water provided by a public water system into high concentration electrolised ozonated water, which
includes a first filter, a second filter, a pure water tank, an ozone generator, a gas-water mixer, and a
switch. The first filter eliminates the residual chlorine, heavy metal elements, and bacteria from the
preliminary clean water, and thereby produces clean water. The second filter eliminates the anions
and cations from the clean water, and thereby produces pure water. The pure water is transported to
and stored in the pure water tank. When the system proceeds the pure water generation, the ozone
generator receives the pure water from the pure water tank and produces a mixture of ozone, oxygen
and water and outputs the mixture to the pure water tank. When the switch is engaged, the input
water is conveyed to the gas-water mixer. The ozone gas flows to the gas-water mixer via a gas
pipeline. The gas-water mixer mixes the input water and the ozone gas, and thereby produces the
high concentration electrolised ozonated wate

An inorganic membrane suitable for ultrafiltration or nanofiltration, and methods for making and using 1
the membrane. The membrane has a organic polymer deposited on the feed surface, but is not able
to perform separations by solution-diffusio

A gravity flow carbon block filter comprising approximately 20-90 wt % activated carbon particles 1
having a mean particle size in the range of approximately 90-220 mum, and approximately 10-50 wt
% low melt index polymeric material. The low melt index polymeric material can have a melt index
less than 1.0 g/10 min or greater than 1.0 g/10 min and a mean particle size in the range of
approximately 20-150 mu
Purified water production system from condensation of air humidity, system which is electronically 1
controlled and composed of a appliance with an air entrance with filter; cold coil, for the condensation
of air water vapor; collector and condensed water storage tank or primary storage tank, provided with
a level sensor to recover the water condensed by the coil; purified water storage tank with level
sensor for storing the water pumped from the primary storage tank and purified after going through
the filter, ultra violet light, solid particles filter and, optionally, through a water structuring device. By
means of the solenoid valve the water is constantly recycled, repeating the purification cycl

A water purification and dispensing apparatus includes a water reservoir, a recirculation line having an
inlet end connected to the reservoir and an outlet end connected to the reservoir, a pump connected
to the recirculation line for pumping water through the recirculation line, and a water treatment
mechanism in the recirculation line between the inlet end and the outlet end. The treatment
mechanism includes an ultraviolet lamp. Further, a first water dispensing outlet is connected to the
reservoir, and a second water dispensing outlet is connected to the reservoi

The present invention relates to vacuum cleaner and more particularly, it relates a vacuum cleaner
which employs ultraviolet rays with the wavelength of 253.7 nanometers to kill bacteria while
vacuuming and having ability to remain impurities aspirated air under the dust collector by its water
filtration assembly. This vacuum cleaner facilitates uses by families, hospitals, senior citizen centers,
department stores, cinemas, restaurants, offices, plants, and in elevators, automobiles, vessels,
airplanes and railways of all sizes in modern society. Said vacuum cleaner cleans and disinfects to
improve living, residential, medical, work, consumption environment and means of communication,
and to regain a clean space for the human being while the natural environment is constantly
destroyed by the modern societ

Exemplary embodiments provided herein include a system and method for disinfecting liquids, such
as water in cooling towers. One embodiment may include one or more ultraviolet lamp assemblies
submerged in a reservoir. Such lamp assemblies may be hermetically sealed from water in order to
function properly and safely when submerged. Another embodiment may include a sleeve of quartz or
UV transparent glass or both. The ultraviolet lamp, and the power lead may be protected from water.
The sleeve may be sealed at each end, or a domed sleeve may be used with a watertight seal at the
other end. Yet further embodiments may include a UV-transparent polymer material or bot

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for fluid purification with a good 1
purification effect. The working principle of the purification method is that, when a fluid containing
organic pollutants and inorganic impurities flows through an oxidizing reagent generating device and
a molecular sieve, wherein said oxidizing reagent generating device is located at an upstream
position of said molecular sieve, the oxidizing agents generated by said oxidizing reagent generating
device, organic pollutants and inorganic impurities of the fluid are adsorbed into the pores of said
molecular sieve, in which said organic pollutants of the fluid are oxidized and decomposed by said
oxidizing agents. With this invention, it is not necessary to replace the molecular sieve frequentl

My water round dispenser is designed for the public use. It's new features are: an access panel which 1
enables the consumer to interchange the filter quad when as needed. The filter quad is three filters in
one. It consists of 1½ inch of sand carbon, 1½ inch of carbon, and ½ inch of cotton fibers. This will
enhance the purity of water. There is a ½ gallon holding tank above the filter to pour own muncipal
water into . Theres. a 1/8 inch slip plate, it slides in and out to hold the water above holding tank. The
filter quad has a built in lock system on each side of the filter. A push button incerts the lock system
secures to the back wall into a female block. On top of the filter is a ¼ inch groove on each side of
filter, this allows it to keep on track. When installing the filter slides on a 1 inch lip on each side of filter.
No tools needed to instal
Processes and devices associated with reducing the amount of organic substances in a fluid are
described. In one example method, oxidizing agents may be introduced into a local constriction of
flow in a flow-through chamber as the fluid is flowed therethrough. Cavitation bubbles which contain
and/or are associated with the oxidizing agents may form. Collapse of the cavitation bubbles may
produce pulses of ultraviolet light, thereby ionizing the oxidizing agents, producing hydroxyl radicals,
and degrading and/or oxidizing the organic substances in the fluid. An example device may include a
flow-through chamber including a local constriction of flow, a port configured to introduce oxidizing
agents into the local constriction of flow, and may include an area configured to collapse the cavitation
bubbles, thereby initiating events leading to degradation and/or oxidation of organic substances in a
fluid flowed through the devic

The present invention provides a purifying apparatus, which is comprised of a mounting head, a 1
reversing valve and a filter, wherein the mounting head has an inlet for connecting to the water supply
pipes; said reversing valve includes a valve seat and a valve cartridge, therein the valve seat is
fastened on the mounting head coordinating to the inlet and outlet, and the valve cartridge is set on
the seat swinging between the valve seat and the mounting head coordinating to the inlet and the
outlet of the mounting head; the replaceable filter is secured on the mounting head so as to mate the
inlet and outlet of the filter to the inlet and outlet of the mounting head exactly, and by turning the filter
the valve cartridge can be turned for controlling the inlet of the mounting head cutting in or off the inlet
of the valve seat; and the inlet of the filter housing is connected to the outside wall of the filter
element, and the outlet of it is connected to the center of the filter element; as tending to replace the
filter, just need to twist off the filter cartridge to take it away from the mounting head and as the filter is
turned down, the inlet of the valve cartridge is turned away from the inlet of the valve seat, so the
water flowing way is blocke

A Residential In-well Internal Water Aerator for reducing/eliminating iron, Hydrogen sulfide, and radon
gas is a device that hangs within the well casing. Its support is achieved by the well cap. It is capable
of degassing hydrogen sulfide and radon gas and precipitation of the iron to become a solid and
attaching its self to the interior walls and drip screens of the Residential In-well Internal Water Aerator
within the well, thus reducing/eliminating the stained fixtures, bad smell and the risk of radon gas from
within the residenc

A lightweight, portable, water purification device can be used to recover potable water from any water 1
source. The manually operated device, requires no external power, is very lightweight, and removes
salt and other impurities from source water while also disinfecting it. A symmetrical reverse osmosis
(RO) membrane coupled with a pre-filter is used to remove salt and impurities from the raw water.
Metal biocides are integratable to disinfect the permeate, improve wet storage and to significantly
reduce biofouling within the RO membran

A quick countercurrent-type water purifier configured with two filters, two motors, a control circuit, a 1
purified water storage tank and a waste water tank, wherein a pipe extends from the waste water
tank. Moreover, a raw water inlet pipe connects to the pipe through one of the motors that thereon
forces water through branch pipes into water inlets at bottoms of the two filters. A pipe branches out
from each of the two water inlets, and connects to the waste water tank. A flowmeter is configured at a
water outlet at a top portion of each of the filters. An electromagnetic valve subject to control by
control circuit is configured at each of the water inlets and the water outlets of the two filters, thereby
achieving quick reverse washing of contaminants from filter cores of the filters and providing large
quantities of purified water for industrial usag

A system for providing purified drinking water for populations and persons having minimal access to 1
modern water purification systems and therefore rely on water sources which contain microorganisms
known to cause illness and death to large segments of such populations. Membranes are known
which are pervious to water and impervious to the contaminants in such drinking water. The invention
provides for gravity flow passage of water from the dirty (contaminated) water containment area to a
clean (purified) water containment area and a filter including such a membrane whereby the flow of
water has to penetrate through the membrane and in the process filters out the illness-producing
microorganisms. The invention enables the use of commonly available jugs or jars requiring only a
gravity flow passage between the jugs or jars and the filter contained in the passag
The present disclosure provides methods and systems for purifying liquids. In a particular 1
implementation, the system includes a forward-osmosis unit for diluting a water source for a
downstream desalination unit. A pretreatment unit may be located hydraulically upstream of the
desalination unit, such as upstream or downstream of the forward-osmosis unit. In certain
embodiments, the system includes an extraction unit for extracting a relatively easily extractable
osmotic agent from an osmotic draw solution. The system may include one or more forward-osmosis
units downstream of the desalination unit for diluting a concentrated brine stream produced by the
desalination unit. In particular embodiments, a downstream forward-osmosis unit uses the
concentrated brine stream as an osmotic agent, such as to extract water from seawater or brackish
water. Another downstream forward-osmosis unit may use impaired water as a feed strea

A membrane separating method and a membrane separating device capable of preventing sludge 1
from being accumulated on the surface of hollow fiber membranes in a membrane cartridge and
having filtration performance stably sustained for a long period. The membrane cartridge formed by
sticking and fixing both ends of two or more hollow fiber membranes arranged in the vertical direction
is formed in such a structure that the collected state of the hollow fiber membranes on an upper side
adhesive boundary surface is divided into a plurality of hollow fiber membrane bundle

A drinking water pitcher is provided including an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir, and preferably 1
a filter or filter housing. The upper and lower reservoirs are removably mated with one another. The
interface between the upper and lower reservoirs restricts or prevents water flow from the upper
reservoir to the lower reservoir unless the reservoirs are properly mated/seated together, such as by a
water restriction means in the upper reservoir. In another aspect, a drinking water purification system
is provided including a base unit and a drinking water pitcher. The drinking water pitcher includes an
upper reservoir, a lower reservoir and preferably a filter or a filter housing. The base unit can include a
sanitization means. The upper and lower reservoirs are removably mated with one another, and the
upper reservoir can be removably mated with the base unit. A method of purifying water is also
describe

Apparatus for providing activated treated water to washing machines with a water treatment conduit
connected between a water supply and an inlet of the washing machine, having a reactor chamber
with a UV lamp and a coated metal target that generates oxidizing gases that communicate by an
injector into the conduit and a transparent portion of the conduit treats the oxidated water by
illumination from the UV lamp. A disinfector injects disinfecting silver ions into the treated oxidated
water. A controller activates the apparatus during flow of water through the conduit. A method of
activating and treating water for washing machines is disclose

A process for combined ozone degradation and filtration using a multi-layered, nanocrystalline, 1
sintered ceramic, metal oxide catalyst and ceramic membrane filter is described. The process reduces
fouling of the membrane and degrades ozone remaining in the water from ozonation of water to kill
microorganism

A filter apparatus has filter media support member resistant to bacterial activity. The filter media 1
support member can have one or more channels configured to retain filter media while permitting fluid
flow therethrough in a non-tortuous fluid flow path through channels. The channels typically have
smooth, asperities-free channel wall
An ultraviolet water treatment system is provided for treating water moving through a treatment area
in a direction D. The system includes a series of ultraviolet modules disposed in side-by-side
relationship in the treatment area. Each module includes an ultraviolet lamp and a pair of vertical
supports with one support of each module being deemed an upstream support and one support being
deemed a downstream support. The upstream supports of the respective modules are non-aligned
and at least two of the upstream supports are staggered in the direction D and lie generally in
separate transverse planes with respect to direction

A method and system flows water through a water system in proximity to an ion generation device and
to a source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that combines photochemistry principles, heavy metal toxicity,
and UV light radiation to form a highly effective combined water disinfection process. Using ion
generation and UV irradiation, the method and system synergistically improves the disinfection and
bactericidal effects of ion generation or UV radiation working individually by making ion-exposed
microorganisms more susceptible and less resistant to the bactericidal effects of UV radiation. The
combined method and system of the present invention may include control means such that the
method and system can be configured for single pass through, dual pass through or for recirculation
such that the order of exposure to the ion generation and UV radiation aspects can be varied or
altered. The method and system of the present invention may also be provided with means for
controlling the system flow rate, ion generation and UV radiation levels to maximize performance, to
minimize energy consumption, and, in some situations, to selectively target certain microorganisms
for inactivatio

A modular water treatment unit for use with water softeners and media filtration systems to permit the 1
connection of filtration, light irradiation and other components to the softener or filtration system
without the need to assemble a custom plumbing system to connect the components. By simply
rotating the modular treatment unit 180 degrees, the unit can be used to treat either the water on the
inlet or the outlet side of the water softener or media filtration unit. The modular water treatment unit
includes a modular treatment head that is removably connected to a treatment sump. The treatment
sump houses filtration cartridges, UV irradiation or other components. The treatment head of the
modular water treatment unit includes a bypass tube and a treatment tube that is parallel to the
bypass tube. The bypass tube permits the passage of water without subjecting the water to filtration or
irradiation. The treatment tube directs the flow of water through the sump of the modular water
treatment unit, to either filter or irradiate the water. The parallel orientation of the pass through and
treatment tubes allows for the use of quick connect clips and o-rings which eliminates the need to
thread, solder, glue or weld the system components together. Treatment of the inlet or the outlet side
of the water softener or media filtration unit can be accompanied by repositioning the bypass and
treatment tubes through repositioning of the treatment head. This repositioning can be performed
quickly without the need for costly and time consuming plumbin

A water purification system is provided that includes a pre-filtration system for pre-filtering water, a first 1
pump, a nano-filtration membrane configured to separate pre-filtered water into nano-filtered water
and effluent, a holding tank, and a second pump. The first pump is operable for pumping pre-filtered
water through the nano-filtration membrane, and the second pump is operable for pumping nano-
filtered water from the holding tank into the plumbing of a buildin

The present invention provides an improved water purifier and method. In one possible embodiment,
the present invention provides a turbine mounted in or to piping of a pool or spa filtering system. The
turbine comprises one or more rotatable elements such as fins, paddles, blades, propellers, or the like
which are responsive to water flow through the piping to produce rotation. The rotatable element may
comprise magnets which rotate along with the rotatable element to produce a rotating magnetic field.
The rotating magnetic field may be utilized for generating electricity utilizing various types of electric
power generators. Electricity so produced may be utilized to power a water purification unit such as a
chlorine generator, UV generator, or an ozone generator. In one embodiment, the output of the water
purification unit is directed into turbulence, such as turbulence produced by the rotatable element, so
that the purification efficiency is enhance
The invention is an improved carafe or water pitcher for the treatment of drinking and cooking water 1
which uses multiple filters to treat the water to remove heavy metals, organics (especially VOC's),
taste and odo

A cartridge for a water treatment system, effective to assist in the removal of contaminants by
photocatalytic oxidation and by adsorption, includes a plurality of stacked disks, preferably made of a
UV light transmissive material, which disks define circuitous flow paths for water being treated. In a
preferred embodiment, the disk surfaces contacted by the water are provided with a coating of a
catalyst, such as TiO2, activated by a UV light source positioned in the center of the cartridg

A water treatment system includes a washer having a tub that is supplied with water, and an activated
oxygen generator for producing ionic species of oxygen in a gaseous stream of air, the gaseous
stream of air being selectively introduced into the tub. An integrated controller is provided for
controlling both the washer and the activated oxygen generator, thus coordinating operation of the
washer and the activated oxygen generato

The invention concerns a method and an apparatus ( 10 ) for treatment of water ( 26 ) to be injected
into a subsea injection well, the apparatus ( 10 ) being disposed in water overlying the well, preferably
on a water bed ( 12 ). The invention is characterized in that the apparatus ( 10 ) contains at least one
receptacle ( 38, 40, 46, 48, 50 ) provided with at least one water-soluble solid-state chemical ( 42, 52,
54, 56 ) for treatment of the injection water ( 26 ). The water ( 26 ) is brought into contact with the at
least one chemical ( 42, 52, 54, 56 ), causing it to gradually dissolve and mix with the water ( 26 ),
after which treated water ( 26 ') is led into an injection stream to the injection wel

The invention provides an apparatus having a tank having at least a portion of its surface collapsible 1
such that the tank can be configured in either a deployed position or a smaller stored position. A
membrane module is located in the tank. The tank has a feed inlet and a permeate port in
communication with the membrane module. When in the deployed position, water enters the inlet and
flows through the membrane and out the permeate port in a filtration process. When filtration is no
longer required, the tank can be collapsed for transport. The membrane module may remain in the
tank when the tank is collapse

The supply unit comprises a box type profile frame ( 1 ), whose base rests on wheels ( 2 ) and on
whose top side ( 3 ), a square frame ( 16 ), as seen from above, is placed, said frame containing a
solar panel ( 7 ). This can be swivelled about a horizontal axis ( 8 ) and is so connected to one of the
top sides of the box type profile frame ( 1 ). A peripheral, square frame ( 5 ) of same size, each
containing a solar panel ( 6 ), is connected in a swivelling way to each side of this square frame ( 16 ),
so that out of the five square frames ( 16;5 ), a cube is formed when these frames are swivelled down.
The peripherally connected square frames ( 5 ) can be swivelled to the plane of the central square
frame ( 16 ) and can be locked in this position to the central square frame ( 16 ). The box type profile
frame ( 1 ) contains several box type modules ( 24 - 26 ), which can be inserted like drawers from one
side and can be arrested in these inserted positions; these modules are for various functions like
accumulation of energy from sun and wind, preparation of drinking water, pumping water, delivery of
electric power or Direct Current-Hydrogen generation through fuel cell
A portable water filtration device includes a liquid-tight filter container and a filtration device mounted 1
in the liquid-tight container. The filtration device includes an inlet opening extending through one of
the walls and a first filtration device in liquid transfer connection with the inlet opening operative to
receive and filter liquid flowing therethrough. A second filtration device is operative to receive liquid
from the first filtration device and further filter the liquid flowing therethrough. The first and second
filtration devices are selected from the group including ultraviolet, activated carbon and reverse
osmosis filters, and an outlet opening extending through one of the walls then receives the treated
water and releases the water from the filtration device. Finally, the liquid-tight filter container is
operative to prevent liquid from entering the interior volume thereof thereby preventing contamination
of the filtration device from accidental incursion of contaminant

A portable water filtering device includes a body including a filtering tube and a pump between which 1
a pipe is connected. Water enters the pump from a bottom thereof and is pumped into the filtering
tube via operation of the piston of the pump so that the water pump into the filtering tube and forcibly
passes through a filtering member in the filtering tube. The body is received in a base and a cup is
removably mounted to the base so that the filtered clean water can be collected in the cu

This application describes a simplified means to convert Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) ultra- 1

violet light fluid treatment units (chamber) into an improved advanced oxidation process through a
mechanism to efficiently introduce ozone (O3) into the chamber, converting that chamber into an
Advanced Simultaneous Oxidation Process (ASOP(TM)) Reactor. This reactor can be used as a
stand-alone fluid treatment device or can be combined with other technologies into an integrated
treatment syste

A method and apparatus for using a combination of sonication and ozone to decontaminate
pressurized water. The process includes pumping polluted water from a source, such as a creek, river,
pond or the like. The water is transferred to a treatment container where it is dissolved air is removed
via vacuum, sonication, or both. Ozone is then dissolved into the water to destroy or otherwise
remove pollutants. Dissolved gasses are once again then removed from the water. The treated water
may then be piped to a storage tank for subsequent use. The uninterrupted sequential transfer of
water from the source, through a treatment container and to the storage tank may be accomplished
automatically by way of electronic sensors, valves and pumps that are made to communicate with a
central processor control uni

A multi-step cleaning procedure cleans phase shift photomasks and other photomasks and Mo-
containing surfaces. In one embodiment, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light produced by an Xe2 excimer
laser converts oxygen to ozone that is used in a first cleaning operation. The VUV/ozone clean may
be followed by a wet SC1 chemical clean and the two-step cleaning procedure reduces phase-shift
loss and increases transmission. In another embodiment, the first step may use other means to form a
molybdenum oxide on the Mo-containing surface. In another embodiment, the multi-step cleaning
operation provides a wet chemical clean such as SC1 or SPM or both, followed by a further chemical
or physical treatment such as ozone, baking or electrically ionized wate

A method of providing end-to-end water quality control from a water system operator to a point of
delivery proximate a consumer, which may be at the point of entry, and/or between the point of entry
and point of use, and/or at the point of use. The method includes treating the water and delivering the
water to the consumer at the point of delivery, filtering/purifying the water at the point of delivery,
monitoring water quality at the point of delivery, and reporting water quality at the point of delivery to
the water system operator over a networ
The invention relates to a water treatment apparatus, method and system for use in the treatment of
an open or closed body of water including water in a vessel, pipe, reservoir, river, chamber, lake or
similar bodies of water, the water being retained in a water containment means being referenced or
tied to ground potential, the apparatus including an energisable material defined as an active
electrode being configured and arranged for placement in the body of water, the active electrode
being adapted to be energised or electrostatically charged with a negative electrostatic voltage charge
from a power supply means, in use, to induce and set up an electrostatic field in the water causing
contaminants in the water effected by the induced charge to bond and be removed from the wate

Embodiments of the invention relate methods to control a desalination system comprising evaluating 1
physical models sufficient to identify physical constraints, evaluating economic models and wherein
evaluating the physical and economic models provides a preliminary configuration for the desalination
system to reduce the cost of water and provide operating strategie

A process for reducing and/or eliminating biofilm growth and removal thereof formed during operation 1
of pressure-induced filtration systems such as reverse osmosis systems. The systems and methods
are particularly suitable for use with pressure-driven membrane filtration, including microfiltration,
ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosi

A method of manufacturing a dynamic bearing comprises providing a bearing having a through hole. A
photoresist is coated on an inner wall of the through hole. An ultraviolet lamp capable of inserting into
the through hole is provided. A mask having patterns of pressure-generating grooves is attached to
the surface of the ultraviolet lamp. The ultraviolet lamp is inserted into the through hole to perform an
exposure process with the mask. The exposed portions of photoresist are developed to appear
portions of the inner wall underneath. The appeared portions of the inner wall are etched to form
grooves on the bearing, and finally, the photoresist remaining on the inner wall of the through hole is
strippe

The invention relates to a membrane pipe module, said module comprising a cylindrical housing 1
containing a plurality of tubular membrane sections which extend in the axial direction and are
interconnected at the ends thereof, forming longer tubular membrane sections. Said cylindrical
housing comprises a heatable chamber, on one or both sides, comprising U-shaped connection pipes
which are arranged therein and are guided through a separating wall between the chamber and the
housing, with the two open ends thereof, and respectively connect two adjacent open tubular
membrane sections, forming a membrane loo

A water purifying system includes a base having a storage tank removably connected thereto and 1
purifying device is connected to the storage tank so as to provide purified water into the storage tank.
A pumping device pumps the purified water in the storage tank to a faucet. A high level detection unit
is located in the storage tank and a low level device is connected to a pipe connected between the
storage tank and the pump. The high level detection unit controls the pump to pump the purified water
into the storage tank, and the low level detection unit stop the operation of the pump when no water is
left in the storage tank so as to protect the pum

A hybrid alternative water reclamation process for producing and re-using purified water including use 1
of a biological non-compartmented reactor basin having multiple prior art patented Omni-flow
partitions in combination with an optional patented I.V.E Collector, and when combined with UF/RO
""ULTRA FILTRATION and REVERSE OSMOSIS"" provides double barrier treated drinking water that
complies with NSF International certified water standards #61 and #5
A water-purification system is provided. The water-purification system includes a bacteriostatic filter 1
including a bacteriostatic agent therein and a membrane filter fluidically coupled downstream of the
bacteriostatic filter and configured to block the passage of cations and anions therethroug

Thermoplastic compositions that reflect ultraviolet light are provided herein, along with articles of
manufacture and methods of fluid purification using the same. The thermoplastic compositions
preferably comprise a suitable thermoplastic material and microparticles of UV reflective material,
such as aluminum or stainless steel. The thermoplastic compositions are useful, for example, in
forming articles of manufacture comprising a UV reflective surface that are suitable for use in a water
treatment system in connection with a UV light sourc

A water cleaner comprises: a filtering canister having a plurality of filtering holes formed through the 1
canister and made of oxidation-reduction alloy for filtering off chlorine and other hazardous materials
contained in the water when passing through the filtering holes formed through the canister; and a
functional water-treatment material filled in the canister for killing bacteria or fungi, for removing
pollutants, and for removing odor in the water for cleaning water in a water tank or reservoi

A method and apparatus for desalinating water combined with power generation, comprising a 1
desalination system used for desalinating coastal seawater and comprising a power generation
system, wherein such dual purpose co-generation facility captures the heat vapor exhausted or a
steam turbine generator's condenser is replaced by the desalination plant's heat exchanger enabling
such captured heat energy to reduce the energy requirements of the desalination plant, and wherein
brine solution being treated by the desalination plant is pumped from the substrata sea water table
wells having low salt content brackish wate

A heat sanitization system for a reverse osmosis system that utilizes the pure water produced by a 1
reverse osmosis unit to sanitize the various conduits and components of the reverse osmosis system.
The pure water from the reverse osmosis unit is collected in a storage tank during a tank fill cycle and,
during one of the sanitization cycles, that pure water is withdrawn from the storage tank, heated to a
desired sanitizing temperature and the heated, pure water is circulated through a selected flow path of
the reverse osmosis system for a sufficient period of time to carry out sanitization. A control system
allows the user to select the particular flow path for the sanitization cycle or the flow path can be
automatically determined by the control system. There are also cool down cycles that selectively cool
the particular flow path after a sanitization cycl

A water treatment assembly includes a housing having a plurality of water treatment component 1
interfaces. The water treatment assembly also includes a plurality of water treatment components
selected from a group of a particulate filter component, a taste and odor filter component, a lead and
mercury filter component, a water softener component, and a water disinfection component, wherein
each of the water treatment components are coupled to a respective one of the water treatment
component interfaces. Plumbing lines provide flow communication between the components, and the
plumbing lines include a system water inlet and a system water outle

The invention relates to systems and methods of treating water by directing the water to a first reverse 1
osmosis (RO) membrane; separating the water using the first RO membrane; adding a chelating
agent to first permeate and/or raising the pH of the first permeate to between about 5.5 and 7.5 before
a second RO membrane; and separating the first permeate into a second permeate and a second
concentrate using the second RO membrane, thereby separating constituents from the wate
A water purification device including a water inlet that receives water generated by a condenser. The
water purification device has a water heating apparatus that receives water from the water inlet. The
water heating device has a thermal energy source that can pasteurize or flash pasteurize the water by
heating the water to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined length of time. The water
heating device expels the water at the end of the predetermined length of tim

A water treatment unit includes any combination of the following filtering and treatment elements such 1
as a vertical pre-filter element, an inner vertical pre-treatment element, a first chamber containing a
first treatment medium which water to be treated flows in a radically horizontal direction, a second
chamber containing a second treatment medium which water to be treated flows in a vertical direction
and a third chamber containing a third treatment medium which water to be treated flows in an
annular direction. Water treatment unit with a third chamber containing a third treatment medium
which water to be treated flows in an annular direction extends the length of water flow path within the
water treatment unit significantly. The inlet connector is also provided with different arrangements
such that the bottle, with or without the water treatment unit, is suitable for tip up for drinking water
and/or drinking water with bottle in a vertical positio

Exemplary systems and techniques for treating contaminated water are described. In one instance a 1
plant or system includes a membrane filtration mechanism operable to receive an influent water
stream containing a contaminant and to separate at least a first portion of the contaminant from a
resulting first effluent water stream. The system also includes a reactive filtration mechanism operable
to receive the first effluent water stream and to remove a waste stream containing a second portion of
the contaminant to produce a resultant second effluent strea

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for using an ultraviolet laser system to decompose selected
chemical substances in water. More particularly, this invention provides methods and apparatus
whereby various environmental pollutants in water are rapidly decomposed to very low
concentrations, consistent with environmental discharge regulations, use requirements, and/or
applicable health standards, by means of exposure to ultraviolet laser irradiation ( 10, 20 ), either with
or without one or more catalysts and/or other chemical additives to facilitate or enhance the
decomposition proces

Compositions and methods for their use are presented that substantially increase the rate of
inactivation of microbiological organisms, especially those resistant to inactivation from free halogen
based sanitizers, and oxidation of oxidation resistant organic based compounds in aqueous solution.
Aquatic facilities susceptible to accumulation of organic N-chloramines, cyanuric acid and other
oxidation resistant compounds, as well as oxidation resistant parasitic organisms such as
cryptosporidium and Giardia, obtain dramatic improvements in the rate of oxidation and subsequent
inactivation of these undesirable contaminan

A portable water purification system comprises a micro particle filtration device and a portable batch 1
treatment tank, receivable together within a portable container along with an intake and hoses for
interconnection therebetween. A support structure is arranged to suspend plural filter housings of the
micro particle filtration device therefrom in use, while being collapsible for storage in the container
also. The batch treatment tank is expandable from a stored position within the container to a usable
position plural times a volume of the container. A pump for pumping water from the intake, through the
filtration device and into the batch treatment tank is provided on a portable frame separate from the
container. The system is thus arranged to both mechanically remove cysts in the filtration device and
chemically treat batches of water in the batch treatment tank for an elapsed period of time for purifying
water from a variety of sources while remaining manually portabl
The disclosed principles for providing a chemical-free filtering of particulate down below sub-micron 1
levels, while concentrating the particulate into a sludge. The disclosed principles integrate cross-flow
filtration (i.e., micro-filtration or ultra-filtration) with a settling tank (or ""weir"") to provide sequential
filtration and dewatering of an aqueous media. The disclosed technique operates chemical-free and is
continuous. Applications for systems and processes in accordance with the disclosed technique are
wide, and include aggregate fines removal, sediment removal, replacement for clarifiers, et

Water for domestic use is taken, purified, brought into the presence of gas or aerosols in a chamber of
pure silica, and a magnetic field and an alternating pulsed electric field are applied thereto for time
periods of adjustable length. The thus treated water is used for a biological applicatio

A water purifier under the present invention comprises a filtering pot, a purifying pot, a sterilizing pot,
and related connecting pipes, as well as a control circuit. The filtering pot filters iron rust, mud
pigment, floating particles, and so forth. The purifying pot removes odor, chloride, pesticide residuals,
chemicals, and so forth. The sterilizing pot mineralizes the water, sterilizes bacteria and virus,
delicates the water molecule, and co-operates with the control circuit, to provide a water purifier with
high bactericidal and viral elimination rate and self-monitoring and energy saving function

A water-treating device includes an anterior water reservoir; and a posterior treatment unit including a 1
filter unit disposed downstream of the anterior water reservoir, a water-treating agent supply unit
having an inlet and an outlet, a clean water collector, a main conduit connected between the filter unit
and the clean water collector, a first by-pass conduit connected between the main conduit and the
inlet of the water-treating agent supply unit, and a second by-pass conduit connected between the
main conduit and the outlet of the water-treating agent supply unit. The water-treating agent supply
unit contains a substance that releases a calcium ion to wate

A reactor produces a surface corona for emitting UV light and for the production of ozone by passing
air or oxygen through the surface corona. The emitted UV light activates a photocatalyst coated on a
surface facing a surface with embedded electrodes which generate the surface corona. The
photocatalyst is a thin film of nanoparticle TiO2 with primary particle size of 0.02 to 0.2 mum was
deposited on a substrate by a flame aerosol method. The method combines ozonation and
photocatalysis to provide effective and efficient oxidation of alcohols and hydrocarbons to value added
products. The method can also be used for air and water cleanin

Recirculating water purification system and method for use with conventional water coolers and the
like having a water temperature control device, such as a refrigeration unit or heating element. The
invention utilizes a peltier module operative to define a recirculating flow of water within a water
reservoir used with the water cooler. Conventional water purification means, such as a water filter,
ultraviolet (UV) light, and the like are operatively interconnected with the peltier module so that the
water flowing therethrough is continuously purified. Energy to operate the peltier module, and
optionally the water purification devices, is provided by-product heat or energy emanating from the
water temperature control device. The systems and methods can be used in virtually all types of
closed system
A reverse osmosis system for purifying water including an automated needle valve assembly adapted 1
for controlling the fluid operating pressure at the reverse osmosis membrane unit so as to adjustably
control the water pressure against the membrane unit. A direct current electric motor is connected to
the valve assembly and adapted for adjusting the valve needle between a first needle position and a
second increasingly open needle position. Opening the valve needle acts to increase the flow of water
through a valve discharge port and thus relieving pressure against the membrane unit. A
potentiometer is also coupled to the valve assembly and adapted for determining the needle position.
A pressure sensor measures the system operating pressure. An electronic controller is electronically
coupled to the pressure sensor, the potentiometer and the motor. The controller continuously monitors
the operating pressure of the reverse osmosis system and sends operating instructions to the motor
for adjusting the valve position so as to adjust and control the operating pressur

A fabric treatment appliance comprises a steam generator having a housing with an inner surface 1
defining a chamber and having a surface treatment that inhibits adherence of scale to the inner
surface. In another embodiment, the fabric treatment appliance can include a water supply line
configured to supply water from a household water supply to the steam generator and a filter fluidly
coupled to the water supply line and configured to filter water supplied to the steam generator to
thereby inhibit formation of scale and sludg

A filter assembly includes a head housing having a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve 1
disposed in the housing and defining inlet and outlet passageways, and having a first key formation. A
cartridge is provided having separate inlet and outlet ports each engageable in a corresponding one
of the passageways, and a complementary key formation for engaging the first key formation for
ensuring proper engagement of the ports in the passageways. The valve is rotatable in the housing
between an open position in which feed water passes through the inlet passageway and into the
cartridge, and treated water flows to the outlet passageway, and a closed position in which water is
prevented from flowing to and from the valve. The inlet and outlet passageways and the first key
formation are generally linearly aligne

The invention relates to a device for treating a flowing fluid, in particular water, including a housing
with an inlet for supplying the fluid and an outlet for discharging the fluid, an element for generating
radiation, in particular UV radiation, the radiation at least acting on a part of the flowing fluid, and a
means for influencing the fluid flow within the housing wherein the means for influencing the fluid flow
is configured as a module with a large number of structured metal sheet

An oxygen containing gas is injected at a pressure in the range of about two (2) to about five (5)
atmospheres or more into an ultraviolet transmissive sleeve surrounding an ultraviolet lamp to
produce a high concentration of ozone. Simultaneously, the ultraviolet lamp irradiates water to be
purified disposed in a container surrounding the sleeve. The ozone enriched gas is entrained into the
water flowing into the container resulting in an oxidative reaction with any organic matter present and
coming into contact with the ozone. Alternatively, the ozone may be entrained in water in a second
container downstream of the container wherein the water has been irradiated with ultraviolet radiation.
In a further variant, the ozone may be entrained in water in a container upstream of the container
wherein the water has been irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. In a yet further variant, the ozone may
be entrained in one or more containers upstream and prior to irradiation of the water with ultraviolet
radiation in the downstream most container. The ozone may be extracted from the ozonated water
prior to discharge if the oxidative effect of the ozone is not desired for the intended end use. To
enhance ozone production a predetermined pressure is maintained within the sleeve. To prevent
damage to sleeve in the event of a drop in pressure of the water surrounding the sleeve, a further
differential pressure regulator may be used to relieve the pressure within the sleeve by discharging
ozonated gas from within the sleeve. By use of specifically configured end caps for the sleeve, certain
existing water purification systems may be converted to embody the present inventio
The present invention relates to a treatment agent for obtaining a water slidable film, which is
obtained by mixing a straight-chain polydimethylsiloxane having two or three of hydrolysable
functional groups at at least one end and having 30-400 of dimethylsiloxane units (Si(CH3)2O), a
fluoroalkylsilane having a hydrolysable functional group and having 6-12 of fluorocarbon units (CF2 or
CF3), and a solution containing an organic solvent, an acid and water. This treatment agent is
characterized in that, based on the total amount of the treatment agent, in terms of weight
concentration, 0.2-3.0 wt % of the straight-chain polydimethylsiloxane, 0.2-2.0 wt % of the
fluoroalkylsilane, and 0.5-3.5 wt % of the total amount of the straight-chain polydimethylsiloxane and
the fluoroalkylsilane are mixed togethe

An ultraviolet wastewater or water treatment system is described and comprises a plurality of

ultraviolet lamps where each lamp includes a protective cladding and where the ultraviolet lamps are
disposed in vertical modules that form a bank of ultraviolet lamps. A series of beams are disposed
over the ultraviolet lamps with each beam supporting a carriage thereon. Each carriage supports a
scraper that extends downwardly therefrom for engaging and cleaning a module of ultraviolet lamps. A
common drive source is operatively connected to the respective carriages for driving the carriages
back and forth on the respective beams such that as the common drive source drives the carriages
back and forth, the respective scrapers move back and forth cleaning the protective cladding
extending around the respective ultraviolet lamp

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for filtering or purifying wate 1

A water treatment apparatus includes a housing comprising multiple housing portions and a plurality 1
of treatment sections disposed within the housing, each treatment section comprising at least one
distinct particulate layer. The apparatus is designed so that no water pressure need be applied to
force the water through the apparatus, as gravity pulls the water down through the filtering layers.
Water may also be force fed through the treatment apparatus; when the water is force fed, the
housing portions need not be vertically stacked, but may be configured in any suitable arrangement.
The treatment sections are distributed through the various housing portions in logical groups to
perform various kinds of filtering. The housing portions are detachable and sealably stackable in
multiple configurations, thus passing water through more or fewer treatment layers, depending on the
quality of the incoming wate

A system for dispensing water comprises a water processing system comprising an input connected 1
to receive water from a water supply system and an output configured to dispense a metered amount
of processed water, the water processing system defining a closed path between the input and the
output, a control system operatively coupled to the water processing system for controlling the
dispensing of processed water from the output, and, a user interface operatively coupled to the
control system for permitting a user to cause the output to dispense a desired amount of processed
water. The user interface comprises control means for starting and stopping a flow of processed water
from the output and logging means for debiting the amount of process water dispensed from the
output from a user accoun

This invention is directed to an integrated process and system for water treatment, in particular, an 1
integrated process and system for water treatment in the beverage manufacture cycle. The water
treatment process is directed to treating an influent water solution, a low sugar concentration solution,
and a high sugar concentration solution. The water treatment system is directed to a system for
treating an influent water solution, a system for treating a low sugar concentration solution, and
system for treating a high sugar concentration solutio
According to a method and device, enriched drinking water is provided in which reduced ionized basic 1
water is produced by means of an electrolysis unit. A probiotic fluid, liquid minerals, or liquid trace
elements as well as gaseous and/or stabilized oxygen may be added to the reduced ionized basic
water so that drinking water with special electrochemical properties is produced. In a simple manner,
the method and the devices permit the production of biologically effective varieties of drinking water
that make it possible to provide a person with large amounts of antioxidants and to adjust the pH
balance, to maintain the oxidation-reduction balance, and to be able to cause a reduction of intestinal
putrefaction through milieu changes in order to maintain or restore the balance of a person's basic
preventio

A point of use water purifier for use in rural and under developed areas having a supply reservoir 1
chamber in a first container and a treatment reservoir chamber in a second container underlying the
first container and into which the first container is fitted, the water purifier employing a UV radiation
source to selectively on demand expose untreated water selectively delivered from the supply
reservoir chamber to the treatment reservoir chamber prior to dispensing water from the water purifier
for consumption. The water purifier is connectable to an electrical power source such as a 12 volt
battery or solar powered battery and is effective to remove substantially all viruses, bacteria and mold
spores from untreated water in a short time upon exposure to UV radiatio

A rotatable water treatment device including a hollow shaft and multiple filtering units is provided. The 1
hollow shaft has an axis hole, an external wall and a plurality of through holes defined through the
external wall and communicating with the axis hole. The multiple filtering units watertightly mounted
on the external wall of the hollow shaft, and each of the filtering units includes a center hole, two
clipping nets, a supporting net and two filtering membranes. The supporting net is mounted between
the clipping nets and two filtering membranes sandwiches the clipping nets such that the filtering
membranes can be prevented from sinking into the meshes of the supporting net with the pump effect
to accelerate the conducting of the water-filterin

A process for treating water is provided where the water is mixed with an inorganic reagent powder
such as powder activated carbon. Organics and micropollutants are absorbed by the reagent powder.
After the reagent powder has been mixed with the water, the water is directed to a setting tank and
sludge from the water settles to produce a clarified effluent. Forming a part of the sludge is the
reagent powder previously added. Sludge is collected and directed to a separator that separates the
reagent powder from the sludge. Separated reagent powder is recycled and mixed with the water
being treate

A system for processing contaminated water is disclosed. The system processes contaminated water,
yielding water that is suitable for (1) re-use in an application (e.g., an industrial application) that
requires water but does not require potable water, or (2) discharge (e.g., discharge into the
environment), or (3) both (1) and (2

A water-injected compressor, which injects the water inside the separator 3 into the compressor and
discharges the water along with compressed air into the separator and then gains condensed and
separated water, has the compressor stopping and then, if staying at a stop for a predetermined
duration of time without activating, becoming activated and operating for a set duration of tim
A water purification system and method for the use and maintenance service of said system, whereby 1
a combination of a primary ion exchange resin element, a secondary ion exchange resin element, a
water quality monitor placed so as to indicate that the primary resin element is exhausted and the
secondary resin element is being used, activated carbon elements, sterilizing or sanitizing filters, and
sanitizing components such as UV radiation, or other sanitizing technologies, is used to produce
purified water for consumption or other intended use. Both the primary and secondary ion exchange
resin elements are comprised of one or more mixed bed ion exchange resin unit(s), or one or more
paired set(s) of anion and cation exchange resin units arranged in series. The system's redundant ion
exchange resin configuration allows purification to continue after the resin in the primary resin
element is exhausted and can no longer remove unwanted impurities in the water. A monitor is used
to detect when maintenance service of the primary resin element is required. The redundant or
secondary resin element continues to remove impurities from the water, allowing the user and/or
maintenance service provider flexibility and tractability in scheduling system maintenance without
significant interruption of on-line supply of purified wate

Filtration of water to provide cleansed water, using an assembly that monitors the volume of water 1
cleansed and back-flushes the filtration media based on that volume. The assembly includes a control
valve that monitors the amount of water that has been processed, controls the addition of water and
oxygen to the assembly, and thus affects the overall operation of the assembl

A three-position and five-way angular valve includes a controller, a turn electromagnet, and a five-way 1
turn valve, wherein the turn electromagnet rotor, the valve rod and a manual lever are three in one by
inlaying with together, so this valve is used both in automation and hand operation, space-saving, low-
cost. Four kinds of automatic watersupply treating system controlled by said valve: Removing Heavy
Metal Pollutant Water Purifier, can remove tens of toxic heavy metal from water, effective life is over
ten years, can normally operate under adverse circumstance; Automatic Home Tap Water Treatment
System, can purify bath water and drinking water simultaneously, purify bath water for ten years and
need not change filter core, material replacement period for drinking water purifier is extended to
several times; Bath Water Purifier, not only can ensure to be healthy in hot water bath, but also has
obvious effect in hair beautification and skin protection; Waste Water Reuse System, in residence
quarter and business office section, first retreat collected rainwater and other waste water, then
provide washroom with retreated wate

A method of delivering filtered water includes exerting a first pressure against a first side of a 1
diaphragm. A second pressure is exerted, with the filtered water, against a second side of the
diaphragm. The second pressure is eliminated on the second side of the diaphragm such that the
filtered water flows away from the diaphragm at the first pressure exerted against the first side of the
diaphrag

Membrane filter system having at least one vessel and plurality of individually removable aerated filter 1
modules arranged in the at least one vessel and structured and arranged for a suspension to be
filtered to flow through in parallel. At least one filter module has a plurality of membrane units. A
plurality of spaces are formed in the at least one vessel by plates arranged cross-wise with respect to
a direction of flow through the filter modules. At least one feed space for a common supply of the
suspension to be filtered to the plurality of filter modules and at least one permeate space for common
discharging of permeate are provided. A feed pump supplies the suspension to be filtered into the at
least one feed space. At least one feed distribution space is positioned laterally at least partially
around the at least one feed space. Additionally, the at least one feed space has a feed distribution
opening and an aeration device around which the suspension to be filtered flows. The feed
distribution opening is arranged so suspension to be filtered is guided into the at least one feed space
from the at least one feed distribution space cross-wise with respect to the direction of flow through
the filter module
A flow of oxygen containing gas is irradiated with UV light to convert oxygen molecules to ozone 1
molecules and produce an ozonated gas. Water to be treated is augmented with silver prior to
entraining the ozonated gas in the water. The ozone enriched water containing silver is irradiated with
UV light to produce hydroxyl radicals. Whereby, microorganisms are killed by the UV radiation,
organic matter is oxidized by the ozone and the combination of silver and hydroxyl radicals prevent
downstream growth of bio-film contaminatio

Azidoaryl-substituted cyclooctene monomers and synthesized and used in the preparation of various
copolymers. Among these copolymers are those prepared from ring-opening metathesis
polymerization of cyclooctene, polyethylene glycol-substituted cyclooctene, and azidoaryl-substituted
cyclooctene. These copolymers are useful in the formation of crosslinked films that reduce fouling of
water purification membrane

A method for cleaning an associated optical surface using an optical surface liquid cleaner is 1
provided. The method comprises providing the optical surface liquid cleaner. The liquid cleaner
including one or more foam producing and surface cleaning agents. A foam dispenser is provided, the
dispenser including a reservoir and a dispensing head in fluid communication with the reservoir. The
reservoir of the dispenser is filled with the liquid cleaner. The dispensing head of the foam dispenser
is actuated to produce a foam from the liquid cleaner. The foam is applied to the associated optical
surface. The associated optical surface is rubbed with a pliable non-scratch material. An associated
contaminant is emulsified on the surface of the associated optical surface. The surface of the
associated optical surface is drie

A system and method for removing minerals from a water source and concentrating these minerals for 1
ease of reuse or disposal includes first passing the water from a suitable source through an input
stage consisting of a micro filtration filter or an ultra filtration filter. The output of this input stage is
coupled with cascaded membrane filters in various combinations. Periodic backwashing of the input
filter stage produces backwash supplied to a slow sand filter, the output of which is supplied back to
the input stage in combination with the water from the source of wate

A non-heating type fluid sterilizing apparatus can efficiently sterilize a fluid having high turbidity and a
large quantity of solid matter or a fluid such as blood having low transmissivity of ultraviolet radiation,
as well as sterilize either a single fluid in large quantity or various fluids in small quantity. The non-
heating type fluid sterilizing apparatus includes a cooling tank integrally connected with a coolant inlet
and a coolant outlet in order to introduce, store, and discharge a coolant; a plurality of supporting
frames supporting the cooling tank; a plurality of ultraviolet lamps stacked vertically between the
opposite supporting frames; a plurality of quartz tubes having the ultraviolet lamps housed therein,
respectively; a fluid drainpipe installed across the cooling tank so as to be perpendicular to the
ultraviolet lamps; and a spiral tube installed on an outer circumference of the fluid drainpipe, and
having a fluid inlet into which a fluid flows, a tube winding, and a fluid outlet connected to the fluid
drainpip

An agricultural sterilizing and detoxifying assembly for vegetables and fruit has a rough-washing tank, 1
a re-washing tank, a water-clarifying assembly and a sterilizing assembly. The rough-washing tank
holds vegetables and fruit to be washed for the first time. The re-washing tank communicates with the
rough-washing tank and holds vegetables and fruit to be washed again. The sterilizing assembly
provides purified water to the re-washing tank and the water-clarifying assembly. Purified water is full
of ozone, free radicals and emulsified bubbles to breakdown insecticides and to destroy
microorganisms adhering to the vegetables and fruit. Sediment and wastewater can flow to the water-
clarifying assembly to be purified, and purified water will flow back to the re-washing tank and rough-
washing tank to recycle the wate
A ballast water treatment system for treating ballast water for a vessel has a pathway with for
navigable raw water for to the tank and a discharge for discharging water back to the body of
navigable raw water. A back washable filter in the pathway receives the raw water and screens
sediment from the raw water to produce initially processed water which contains at least some marine
organisms. A UV or other biocidal device is connected between to the filter and the ballast tank, for
disabling or killing the marine organisms in the initially processed water to produce treated ballast
water for the main outlet to the ballast tan

An inexpensive device for removing microorganisms from drinking water includes an Ultrafiltration 1
membrane filter equipped with a pressure regulating mechanism to supply purified water to a suitable
low-pressure reservoir equipped with a bi-directional hydrophobic membrane vent filter having a 0.01-
0.05-micron pore size. The purified water may be supplied to the storage reservoir at a static pressure
in the range of 1 to 8 pounds per square inc

Disclosed is a portable water filtration device in which a filter cartridge having a water purifying 1
function is mounted in a water bottle, including a body, which has an inlet in its upper portion and is
made of an elastically deformable material, a lid, which is coupled with the body and has a discharge
hole, through which water is discharged, a filter cartridge, which is coupled with the lid and has an
outflow part from which the water is discharged, inflow holes through which the water enters, and a
filter, and a filter housing, which is open in its upper portion for insertion of the filter cartridge into the
filter housing. Thus, the portable water filtration device is easy to carry outdoors and is convenient to
use because it does not require a separate pressurize

A membrane is provided that is formed from a composition. The composition comprises a polyarylene 1
ether polymer or copolymer comprising a zwitterion; or comprises a polyarylene polymer or copolymer
comprising a zwitterio

A ""polishing"" water filter for the micro-filtration of fine particles comprises a porous ceramic 1
substrate, having an average pore size in the range of about 0.2 to about 200 microns, which is
coated and impregnated with porous rice hull ash (RHA) particles that have an average particle size
that is greater than the average pore size of the ceramic substrate. The ceramic substrate preferably
has an average pore size of about 30 microns; the RHA has an average particle size in the range of
about 120 to about 150 microns and an average pore size in the range of about 0.5 to about 10
micron

An energy accumulator includes a blast chamber, an explosive charge and a detonator that explodes 1
the charge within the blast chamber. A piston forms part of the blast chamber and connects to an
energy accumulator or potential energy storage device such as a spring. When an explosive charge is
detonated, the piston is forced away from the blast chamber. Energy from the displacement of the
piston is captured in the energy accumulator. The energy accumulator forces a fluid through different
devices requiring high pressure such as desalinators, ultra and micro filters or chromatograph

A system of purifying water in a pressurised system using a venturi to contact a chemical with the 1
water, the system having a main water line from inlet ( 5 ) to faucet ( 15 ) and including a bypass loop
( 13 ) incorporating the venturi ( 6 ) to add the chemical to the water, a pump ( 12 ) in the bypass loop
( 13 ) to pass water through bypass loop ( 13 ) at constant pressure whereby the venturi ( 6 ) delivers
the chemical at a constant rate irrespective of the variation of water pressure in the main water line ( 5
) due to opening and closing of the fauce
An apparatus for purifying and dispensing water of a quality suitable for human consumption 1
comprises a first reservoir for holding unfiltered water. The water moves by the force of gravity
downward through a water filtering and purifying cartridge into a second lower reservoir. An
electrically powered hydraulic pump and associated electrical controls and plumbing enable the pump
to periodically lift water from the second reservoir to the first reservoir to permit its return through the
filter thereby enhancing the purity of the water before it is dispensed. The apparatus may include first,
second and third reservoirs wherein the first reservoir is nominally at the same level as the second
reservoir with the unfiltered or filtered water being pumped from the first reservoir and passed through
the filter into the second reservoir. The associated electrical controls and plumbing enable the pump
to periodically move water from the second reservoir to the third reservoir from which the water drains
by gravity through the filter into the second reservoir thereby enhancing the purity of the water before
it is dispense

A method of water purification by submicron filtration deploys a 6-way valve to periodically flush or 1
clean the tubules in a predetermined selection of cleaning steps, some of which optionally introduce
and then flush out chemical cleaning agents. The tubules are cleaned without disassembly of the
filtration cartridg

A method and device for removing scaling from the interior of a conduit used in a heat transfer device, 1
the method comprising the steps of diverting a portion of the fluid from the conduit, passing the
diverted portion through a filter, passing the filtered portion through a magnetic field, and reintroducing
the fluid into the conduit. The method of the present invention can also be used with chillers to control
bacterial growth therei

This invention describes a method and apparatus for the In Vitro treatment process of purifying and 1
maintaining the sterility of water thereby replacing existing transient technology that is flawed by
repeated handling inside and outside the medical environment where this technology is intended for
use i. e. hemodialysis clinics, trauma centers, burn centers, general medical institutions the
pharmaceutical packager and other locations and applications where purified sterile water is require

A method and machine to produce drinking water from fresh air using an energy saving and
environmentally friendly chiller is comprising the following steps of: Filtering and sterilize fresh air,
then passed to several evaporator coils to condensate the moisture and the condensate collected to a
pan. Passing secondary condenser by cold air after passing evaporator coil and dipping tertiary
condenser to a cold condensate water tank, so the refrigerant after the condenser will be subcooled
and after passing through the expansion valve, will heat exchange with the brine as a secondary
refrigerant in the heat exchanger. Where brine is passed to several evaporator coils in air handling
unit to cool and condensate the moisture passing through the air handling unit, a part of the air will
condensate and the other part will passed to a cooled room where the cold air of the room then will
exhaust and used to cool the main condenser through the exhaust air duc

A method for making reverse osmosis permeate water and mineral water from deep seawater 1
includes the steps of: a) sand-filtering or ultra-filtering the deep seawater; b) conducting a first nano-
filtering step to nano-filter the deep seawater after the step a) to obtain first nano-filtration permeate
water and first nano-filtration concentrated water; c) filtering the first nano-filtration permeate water
using a reverse osmosis apparatus to obtain reverse osmosis permeate water and reverse osmosis
concentrated water; and d) treating the first nano-filtration concentrated water by electrodialysis to
obtain anion-rich water, cation-rich water, and mineral wate
An submersible desalination unit composed of a structure containing a water intake system for 1
acquiring sea water, a sea water pre-filtration system for removing lager contaminants and debris, a
reverse osmosis system for the purification of the water, a permeate transfer system to carry the water
to where it will be used, a power source for powering the equipment used in the process and a control
system that operates and monitors the equipment and process of removing salt from the water and
transferring the desalinated water to other use and returning the brine solution to the se

Water permeable membranes and methods of forming water permeable membranes are provided. 1
The water permeable membranes are comprised of a cross-linked polyamide containing at least one
bifunctional additive that is hydrophilic and reactive. Additionally, in accordance with other
embodiments of this invention, methods of forming water permeable membranes comprised of a
cross-linked polyamide containing at least one bifunctional additive that is hydrophilic and reactive are
provided. Specifically, the water permeable membranes may comprise a membrane formed from a
cross-linked aromatic or aromatic/aliphatic polyamide interfacially polymerized on a porous support.
The presence of the at least one hydrophilic and reactive additive improves the flux and salt retention
properties of the membrane in comparison to a membrane formed without the at least one hydrophilic
and reactive additiv

A method and apparatus for filtering a fluid is presented. In one embodiment, the apparatus converts
contaminated water into water having a lower turbidity and bacterial contamination level than the
contaminated water. The apparatus includes an inlet for supplying a batch of water to the settling unit;
a roughing separator unit; a filter unit having a filtration media; wherein the filtration media comprises
sand, anthracite coal, burnt rice husks, diatomaceous earth, gravel, pumice gravel, or combinations
thereof; a sanitation unit; wherein the sanitation unit is an ultraviolet disinfection unit; a backwash unit;
wherein the inlet is in fluid communications with the settling unit, the settling unit is in fluid
communications with the filter unit and the backwash unit, the backwash unit is in fluid
communications with the filter unit, and the filter unit is in fluid communications with the sanitation unit;
and wherein at least the inlet and a portion of the settling unit is elevated above a filter unit inlet and a
filter unit outle

A freezing and thawing apparatus includes a freezing and thawing treatment tank for filling freezing
and thawing treated water, a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators for oscillating ultrasound different in
frequency in the freezing and thawing treatment tank, a treated water cooler for cooling the freezing
and thawing treated water, and an ultrasonic vibrator controller for controlling the ultrasonic vibrator

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the removal of contaminants from water using sugar 1
based surfactant enhanced ultrafiltration. Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a
process for removal of an at least slightly water-soluble organic compound from an organic-
contaminated water solution to provide a purified water solution, including: adding a surfactant to the
organic-contaminated water solution in sufficient quantity to achieve at least a critical micellar
concentration of the surfactant in the organic-contaminated water solution, wherein the surfactant
comprises an alkylglycoside, to provide a micellar water solution comprising micelles comprising the
surfactant and the organic compound; contacting an ultrafiltration membrane with the micellar water
solution under pressure and temperature conditions sufficient for liquid flow through the ultrafiltration
membrane to take place; and collecting liquid permeating the ultrafiltration membrane to provide the
purified water solutio

A filtration process has a coagulation step and a membrane filtration step. The membrane filtration 1
step has a permeation step followed by a cleaning step. In the coagulation step, a coagulant is added
to feed water during a period of time beginning generally at the start of the permeation step and
ending in a range from about 50% to 85% of the duration of the permeation ste
Water within a water tank is irradiated with ultraviolet light from a UV lamp for virucidal and germicidal
purposes while simultaneously transforming oxygen molecules to ozone molecules in an oxygen
containing gas flowing within an annular space defined by a sleeve surrounding the UV lamp. The
ozone enriched gas flows into an enlarged chamber into which the UV lamp extends and the flow rate
is reduced to enhance the time of exposure of the ozone enriched gas to UV radiation and thereby
enhance the production of ozone. To increase the rate of transformation of oxygen molecules to
ozone molecules, the gas is under a predetermined pressure prior to entering the annular space and
subsequent to discharge from the chambe

An underwater-cooling water-temperature maintaining apparatus of a food includes: a water tank

where a cooled stuff and cooling treated water of which a freezing point is not more than zero Celsius
degree; a treated water cooler configured to cool the cooling treated water; a water temperature
detection sensor configured to detect a water temperature of the cooling treated water; an agitator
pump configured to equalize the water temperature of the cooling treated water in the water tank;
ultrasonic vibrators configured to oscillate ultrasound toward an inside of the water tank in order to
prevent the cooled stuff from being frozen; and a controller configured to control the ultrasonic
vibrators, the water temperature detection sensor, the treated water cooler, and the agitator pump so
as to maintain the water temperature of the cooling treated water at a temperature at which the cooled
stuff is not froze

A method for controlling the thickening of aqueous systems comprising silicates, which comprises 1
adding to the aqueous system at least one copolymer of a mean molecular weight Mw of greater than
60 000 g/mol and the copolymer being made up essentially randomly from monoethylenically
unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and optionally
other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, the quantitative figures being respectively based on the
total amount of all monomers use

The invention discloses a kind of porous membrane filtration component for treating water, specifically 1
it discloses a kind of suspending porous hollow fiber membrane bundle for treating highly turbid waste
water. The component includes some porous hollow fiber membrane yarns and casting heads
arranged at both ends of respective yarns, wherein the connections between the said casting heads
and membrane filtration module are flexible connections, at least one end of the flexible connection
the cast header is connected with a hollow tube or cord, and the membrane bundle hangs on the said
membrane filtration module, suspending freely. The invention provides a suspending porous hollow
membrane bundle that can effectively remove contaminants adhered to the surface of the membrane
yarns, makes its membrane yarns difficult to rupture, has a longer service life, and produces water
with steady quality. It solves the technical problems in the present hollow fiber filtration component
which includes membrane yarns that are entangled with each other and easily ruptured, thus leading
to a lower quality of the product wate

A water treatment membrane comprising a porous membrane of vinylidene fluoride resin, wherein
0.01-5 wt. parts of photocatalytic titanium oxide is uniformly dispersed in 100 wt. parts of the
vinylidene fluoride resin. The water treatment membrane can solve problems accompanying the
hydrophobicity of a porous membrane of vinylidene fluoride resin while taking advantage of excellent
mechanical properties, weatherability, chemical resistance, etc., thereo

A water treatment system (""WTS"") includes a prefilter, a carbon block filter and a microbiological 1
interception (""MI"") filter that operate in combination to treat a fluid stream, such as water. The WTS
may include two prefilters, for example, both a multi-layer nonwoven prefilter and a pleated fabric
prefilter. The MI filter may include carbon particles and a binder, and the carbon particles may have a
mean particle diameter ranging from about 60 microns to about 80 microns and with a particle size
distribution in which no more than about 10% by weight of the particles are larger than about 140
mesh and no more than about 10% by weight are smaller than about 500 mesh. In one embodiment,
the water treatment system further includes a volumetric end-of-life filter monitor that monitors the life
of the MI filte
A ballast water intake and treatment system is disclosed, the system including a membrane treatment 1
unit arranged in or on a ship hull for the separation of microorganisms of no smaller than a given size
and organized to execute filtration during the intake of sea water or fresh water outside the hull into
ballast tanks by the use of an intake pump installed consecutively with the membrane treatment unit.
The system checks the invasion of microorganisms, etc. of no smaller than a given size during the
intake of ballast water and allows ballast water free of microorganisms, etc. of no smaller than a given
size to be fed into ballast tank

This is a method of filtration of a liquid comprising steps of sequential filtration of said liquid through at 1
least one deep bed medium producing at least one first filtrate followed by at least one membrane
medium filtration producing at least one second filtrate, wherein said membrane medium is at least
periodically within said deep bed media Many types of deep bed and membrane media can be used.
The domain of using contact clarification (direct filtration) can be expanded towards greater solids
concentration. Operation and backwash, is simplified, continuous filtration becomes possible. Water
can be water from natural source water, process water, wastewater, aqueous or non-aqueous
suspensions, emulsions, solutions. Treatment can include mechanical interception of suspended
particles, chemical, physical chemical, electrochemical, and biological processes. In water and
wastewater processing, control over suspended solids, BOD, COD, nitrogen and phosphorus
compounds, bacteria and viruses, heavy metals, color, and other constituents can be dramatically
improved as compared to conventional processes. The method can be accommodated in new and
modified existing treatment system

A method for cleaning and maintaining reverse osmosis membrane filters by injecting sulfurous acid 1
into water and then sequentially filtering the acidified water through membrane filters to reduce
alkalinity scaling, add sufficient SO2 as a biocide to attack bacteria and other micro organisms to
prevent membrane fouling, and reduce iron to prevent iron deposit build-u

A flat discharge lamp transmitting radiation in ultraviolet or visible, including first and second flat, or
substantially flat, glass elements substantially parallel to each other and defining an internal space
filled with gas, the first and/or second glass element being made of a material that transmits the
radiation; at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, which may be at different
potentials and may be supplied by an AC voltage, the first and second electrodes being associated
with one or more main faces of the first glass element, the first and second electrodes being
essentially elongate and substantially parallel to one another, and separated by at least one
interelectrode space of given width substantially constant; and at least one third electrode which may
be at a given potential associated with a main face of the second glass element and at least partly
occupying, in projection, the interelectrode spac

This invention relates to a cock for water purifier which has a cock body formed with two 1
compartments partitioned with each other. One of the two compartment is provided with a tap-water
passage, and then a water input passage connecting with the water inlet of the water purifier is
provided adjacent to the tap-water passage, and a conversion switch for opening and closing the
water input and the water output is also disposed in the same compartment. Then, a water output
passage connecting with the water outlet of the water purifier is provided in the other compartment of
the cock body. In this way, the cock is activated to switch between opening state and closing state of
the piping associated with the flow-in of the tap water to the water purifier or the flow-out of the
cleaned water from the water purifier. Therefore, such damages as rupture or water leakage of the
water purifier caused by the continuous rendering of impact came from the water-hammer action
formed by the sustaining applied pressure of the tap-water to the water purifier during cease of the
drinking of cleaned water can be avoide

In one aspect, the invention is directed to methods and systems for filtering water using membranes. 1
The methods and systems provide for controlling water levels in a tank with membranes immersed
therein to control any of various conditions in the tank, such as the gas flow from aerators in the tank,
the level of circulation of water in the tank, and the residence time of bubbles in the tan
A water producing system adapted to condense water from the air and collected in a storage tank 1
were the water is purified and bacteria is killed. One form of killing the bacteria is utilizing a circulation
line with a filter system to remove the ozone before the water is dispensed. A circulation line is to
prevent dead legs in the system which can lead to bacteria productio

An improved cell phone mounted to a wrist strap or bracelet for protecting a combination device, such
as a cell phone incorporating a watch function, from becoming lost, and to provide active utility means
for re-charging the watch phone batteries and for purifying water for human consumption purpose

A portable direct current water-cleaner includes a handheld tank for storing a water chamber and a 1
component chamber entirely therein. The water chamber is adapted for containing water and the
component chamber for receiving a pump adapted for pumping the water, a filter adapted for filtering
the water and a switch valve installed in the tank. The switch valve is operable between a first mode
for directing the water from the pump to the filter so that the water passes through the filter and a
second mode for bypassing the filte

A method for the removal of contaminants from a contaminated water stream, by pretreating the 1
contaminated water stream to yield a pretreated water stream, wherein pretreating comprises passing
the contaminated water stream to at least one electrocoagulation cell wherein coagulation of
contaminants is promoted, yielding an electrocoagulated stream; and separating coagulated
contaminants from the electrocoagulated stream. An electrocoagulation reactor comprising a plurality
of electrodes positioned parallel to each other and provided with a means of energizing each
electrode; a fluid inlet for an inlet stream comprising contaminated water; a fluid outlet for an outlet
stream comprising electrocoagulated products; a flow distributor system; and a gas distribution
system for injecting a gas into the electrocoagulation reactor. An electrocoagulation system for
treating a contaminated water stream, the system comprising at least one electrocoagulation reacto

A system for purifying non-potable water to make said water potable includes an intake pump for 1
bringing the non-potable water into the system. At least one centrifugal separator separates the non-
potable water into suspended solids, saline water and oil. At least one ozone contact chamber injects
ozone into a water stream being injected into at least one of the at least one of the centrifugal
separators. A series of progressive filtration components are used for progressively filtering the saline
water from the at least one centrifugal separator. The salinization filters then desalinate the
progressively filtered saline wate

ABSTRACT A method and a system for controlling temperature of a liquid in small flow amount, for
supplying a liquid whose temperature is highly accurately controlled, as a flow of a small flow amount
or an intermittent flow. A liquid supplied from a supply path is pressurized and introduced into a
circulation path, and is temperature-controlled by a temperature control device in the circulation path,
while being circulated in the circulation path by a pump in the pressurized condition. The liquid is
supplied to an exterior device through a discharge path caused to branch from the circulation path, as
a consecutive flow in a small amount or an intermittent flow in a small amount in a flow amount less
than at least ½ times the flow amount in the circulation path, by adjusting a discharge valve provided
in the discharge pat
The invention provides a water purification system and method for combining ultraviolet germicidal
irradiation and photocatalysis in a helical reactor geometry that maximizes both the photocatalytic
efficiency and the germicidal dosage of the ultraviolet irradiation in deactivation of microbes and the
destruction of contaminant organic compound

A process for producing a gas-containing cleaning water which contains a specific gas dissolved in 1
water, which process comprises dissolving the specific gas into water under an increased pressure
exceeding an atmospheric pressure to prepare a gas-containing water having a concentration of the
gas exceeding solubility of the gas under an atmospheric pressure and, then, removing a portion of
the dissolved gas by decreasing pressure on the gas-containing water; an apparatus for producing a
gas-containing cleaning water which comprises an apparatus for dissolving a gas (14) in which a
specific gas is dissolved into water under a pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure and an
apparatus for removing a portion of a dissolved gas (15) in which the pressure on the gas-containing
water obtained from the apparatus for dissolving a gas is decreased to a pressure lower than the
pressure under which the gas has been dissolved so that a portion of the dissolved gas is removed;
and a cleaning apparatus using the gas-containing cleaning water. A gas-containing cleaning water
having a desired concentration of the gas can be produced safely without using a mechanism for
decreasing the pressure such as a vacuum pump. Water and the specific gas in the gas-containing
cleaning water after being used can be reused. The process and the apparatuses can be
advantageously applied to cleaning electronic members requiring a great degree of cleanlines

This invention relates to a photocatalysed oxidation purification device, comprising middle part, upper
part and lower part which are divided by two transverse clapboards, wherein the upper clapboard is
micropore plate and the lower clapboard is macropore plate, the middle part of said device is a
fluidized bed chamber, the lower part of said device is a mixing chamber and the upper part of said
device is a current regulating chamber, several ultraviolet lamps are placed in the said fluidized bed
chamber with particles photocatalyst inside, the inlet pipe of said device is connected to the said
mixing chamber and its running direction is oblique or tangential, the outlet pipe of said device is
connected to the current regulating chamber and its running direction is radial. There is also an
ozonizer on the device. This device possesses a higher purifying degree, a larger processing capacity
and a relatively lower processing cost, which is suitable for locations requiring higher purified wate

This invention is directed toward a water ionizing system which combines a traditional water ionizing 1
machine with a reverse osmosis machine and mineral filter. The invention can be configured several
different ways, with the goal of purifying the water through the reverse osmosis component, optionally
sanitizing it with UV light, then remineralizing the water with the mineral filter, and finally ionizing and
alkalizing the water with the water alkaline ionizing machine. The result is purified water from which all
impurities have been removed, but which also contains helpful minerals and is alkalized and ionized.
The invention also provides means by which the pH of the water can be raised up to 3 pH point

When water sprays into an empty tank or into the freeboard of filters, considerable flashing occurs to 1
release about 50 to 80% of carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and other gases. The injection of air with
the water enhances this degasification and produces a partial drained tank, in which it is required for
the spraying or flashing to occur. When the water level reaches a low point, a switch signals for the
vent to be opened and the air is stopped. But the inlet water continues to fill the tank and to displace
the gasses through the vent. When the water reaches the vent, a high level switch closes the vent. Air
injection starts again to repeat the cycle. Alternately, the injection of air with the influent water into a
partially drained tank with a level controller and venting also effects this degasificatio

Water purification or treatment apparatus (410) including a plurality of elongated water treatment
chambers (433), each chamber (433) being normally oriented in a substantially vertical attitude, return
pipes (434) interconnecting the chambers (433) whereby water to be treated flows in series through
the respective chambers (433), gas outlets (443) for supplying gas such as ozone to the respective
chambers (433) for bubbling upwardly through water flowing in the chambers (433) and creating a
foam at the upper surface of water in the chamber (433) and means (440) for collecting the foa
Exemplary systems and methods relating to water treatment are described. One implementation filters
water through a moving bed media filter sufficient to decrease the water's turbidity. This
implementation simultaneously disinfects the filtered water and at least a portion of the moving bed
media filter with ultra violet (UV) energ

A processor for decontaminating devices is comprised of a chamber for holding devices and a 1
circulation system to circulate a microbial decontamination fluid through the chamber. A water filtration
system filters water used in the processor. The water filtration system has a water line connectable to
a source of pressurized water. A water decontamination system fluidly communicates with the source
of water and the processor. The water decontamination system has a water circulation path and a
tank located within the water circulation path. Means are provided to circulate water along the water
circulation path through the tank. A gas circulation path fluidly communicates with the tank. Conveying
means is provided to convey gas along the gas circulation path through the tank. An ozone producing
device is located along the gas circulation path to introduce ozone into gas flowing along the gas
circulation path and through the tan

A flat lamp transmitting radiation in UV (ultraviolet), including first and second flat or substantially flat
glass elements substantially parallel to each other and defining an internal space filled with gas
capable of emitting the radiation in the UV or of exciting a phosphor material possibly present and
emitting the radiation in the UV. The phosphor material can be deposited on one face of the first
and/or second glass element, the first and/or second glass element being made of a material
transmitting the UV radiation. A plurality of pairs of electrodes are capable of being at different
potentials and of being supplied by an AC voltage, the pairs associated with the first glass element
and placed outside the internal space, the electrodes being in a form of bands and/or wires in the first
glass element or in another dielectric element associated with the first glass elemen

A method of removing contaminant compounds such as residual pharmaceutical or cosmetic

compounds found in drinking water. The method entails directing the drinking water into a water
treatment device and injecting ozone into the drinking water to form a drinking water-ozone mixture.
Thereafter the water-ozone mixture is held within a holding tank where the ozone oxidizes various
contaminant compounds and reduces their concentration in the drinking water. From the holding tank,
the water-ozone mixture is directed to an ultraviolet light chamber where the water is treated with
ultraviolet ligh

The present invention provides a system for water treatment. The system includes a chamber, a UV
light source, and a housing. The chamber has an inlet for receiving ozone mixed water and a
transparent portion configured to allow UV light to pass. The UV light source has a protective shell
that comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first and second portions configured to pass
UV light at a first and second wavelength, respectively. The housing having an air inlet and an air
outlet, the housing configured to secure the UV source and to receive a portion of the chamber,
wherein the UV source and the chamber is affixed to the housing such that the transparent portion of
the chamber is exposed to the first portion of the protective shell, thereby exposing the ozone mixed
water to UV light with the first wavelength, and wherein the second wavelength convert oxygen
molecules from the air inlet into ozone molecule

A magnetic water generator with varied polarization ratios, comprises a magnetization assembly 1
including at least one set of N pole magnetization unit and S pole magnetization unit; one side of each
of the N pole magnetization unit and S pole magnetization unit having a water inlet for inputting
filtering water; another side of each of the N pole magnetization unit and S pole magnetization unit
having a respective water outlet; the filtered water flowing through the gaps being outputted from the
water outlets to a respective transmission tube; each of the water outlets being connected with a
respective transmission tube; and an electronic flow dispatching unit or a dispatching control disk for
inputting water from the N pole magnetization unit and S pole magnetization unit and mixing the water
with different ratios so as to have different polarization rati
The present invention involves a water-based vessel for the production of desalinated water and 1
concentrated brine. The former is usable for drinking water in areas that lack sufficient potable water,
while the latter may be used as fuel in electricity production. The invention additionally includes
capabilities of providing electricity, food, and lodging in response to emergency condition

An apparatus (10) for treating a fluid to be injected into a subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing 1

formation comprises a desalination system (12) having a fluid inlet (16) for receiving a first feed fluid
(18) and a first fluid outlet (22) for delivering a first product fluid (20). The apparatus (10) also includes
a selective ionic species removal plant (30) having a fluid inlet (36) for receiving a second feed fluid
(34) and a fluid outlet (40) for delivering a second product fluid (38), wherein the second product fluid
(38) has a preferred ionic concentration. A mixer (46) is provided for mixing at least a portion of the
first product fluid (20) and at least a portion of the second product fluid (38) to provide a third or
injection product fluid (48). Accordingly, injection fluid can be created which has a preferred ionic
concentration suitable for injecting into a well (28

This system comprises: a reverse osmosis membrane, a boost pump and a feed device for 1
distributing the pressurised water supplied by the pump and using the pressure of the water rejected
by the osmosis membrane. The feed device comprises: a first hydraulic cylinder (7) and a second
hydraulic cylinder connected to one another by a central interconnection body (9) that establishes
different connections between the hydraulic cylinders according to the position of a number of sliding
pieces that are housed in the first and second hydraulic cylinder and which move along the rods (78,
88) of the cylinders (71, 72) (81, 82) of said hydraulic cylinder

Pervaporation membranes including poly(acrylamide)-grafted alginate membranes, which may be 1

optimized for the separation of alcohols from water, low viscosity sodium alginate membranes
containing PEG and PVA, which may be optimized for the separation of organic acids from water, and
copolymeric PAN-grafted PVA membranes, which may be optimized for the separation of DMF from
water, and methods of making such membranes. Use of such membranes in pervaporation and
pervaporation devices containing such membranes. Use of such membranes alone or in combination
with ion-exchange membranes for recovery of organic compounds or for water purification
applications such as production of potable water or industrial waste treatment. The membranes of the
present invention may be used to remove trace amounts of water from organic compound

The present disclosure concerns embodiments of a microfluidic transfer device. The device mitigates 1
risk of cross contamination between working fluids and is amenable to high-volume, low-cost
manufacturing techniques. The device may be configured for mass transfer, heat transfer, or both. For
instance, certain disclosed embodiments incorporate semi-permeable membranes to transfer target
substances from one fluid to another. Moreover, the device may incorporate both heat and mass
transfer component

A control device for a filtration unit for filtering a fluid, the control device comprising an integrity test 1
unit for performing an integrity test for checking the functional integrity of the filtration unit, and a
reaction unit for determining a reaction based on a result of the integrity tes

A static screen used upstream of a membrane assembly within a water treatment system has a 1
screening surface with a number of openings distributed over its area. Liquid flows through the
screening surface to reach the membrane assembly. Various shapes of screening surfaces are
described including three-dimensional bodies with openings at or near their lower ends. Methods for
cleaning the screen are described including aeration, backwashing and lowering down the water level
in an upstream section by partially or completely draining a tank. Various treatment systems or
process designs incorporating the screen are described. Screen elements may be made in two or
more parts comprising a supporting structure and a separation layer and may be mounted on a
conduit or pa
Disclosed is an improved filtration system for rejecting boron from seawater. More specifically, the 1
invention relates to a reverse osmosis (RO) system that effectively eliminates boron from seawater by
increasing seawater pH prior to passage through the RO membrane. By increasing pH levels, boron
removal is achieved while at the same time reducing scaling on the RO membran

A method and apparatus are provided for an advanced water treatment system that includes filtration, 1
physical conditioning, and ultraviolet disinfection elements in a single unit. A control valve controls flow
through the system in filtering, backwashing, cleaning, and rinsing modes of operatio

The present invention provides an apparatus for producing photocatalytic reaction water through a 1
photocatalytic reaction, which can produce water containing a satisfactory amount of active oxygen
species, can eliminate microorganisms, parasites or protozoa, shows high oxidizing ability for a
prolonged period of time, can reduce the power requirements, is small in size, and is applicable to
various devices. A photocatalyst is radiated with light emitted from a light source to produce active
oxygen species, and the active oxygen species is diffused in water, whereby the water is provided
with functions of the active oxygen species. An oxidation reaction with the water is utilized to perform
at least one selected from the elimination of microorganisms, the elimination of parasites, and the
elimination of protozo

An underwater filtration system or operator which can be floated on and suspended in a river, lake, 1
pond or other water body to filter water from the water body. The underwater filtration operator may be
electrically charged with simultaneous introduction of continuous forced air to remove impurities from
the water body and increase filtering efficiency and the system includes a split housing having a
selected configuration and divided into one or more filtration units, each of which includes a filter
medium or mediums for filtering water from the water body. A pump is provided in the interior of the
system housing for receiving the filtered water from the filtration units and pumping the filtered water
to a collection tank or dispenser, directly to an end user or to a reverse-osmosis water filtration unit for
further filtration. This unique operator allows selected individual filtration compartments to be
backwashed while other filtration compartments are producing filtered water without the necessity of
an external clean water storage tan

An aerating device for a water treatment system includes an upper and lower chamber separated by a 1
partition. The upper chamber includes a plurality of immersed membranes for removing contaminants
from the water. The lower chamber includes a gas inlet and a water inlet for directing gas and water to
be treated respectively into the lower chamber. The water inlet is disposed at a lower depth in the
lower chamber than the gas inlet. A plurality of air dispersers extend through the partition from the
lower chamber to the upper chamber for directing gas from the lower chamber to the upper chamber
to aerate the immersed membranes. Finally, the device includes at least one passageway extending
through the partition from the lower chamber to the upper chamber for directing water to be treated
from the lower chamber to the upper chambe

The present invention provides a nanofluid generating apparatus and method of use thereof that is 1
capable of efficiently generating nanofluid by having relatively simple and inexpensive construction,
being capable of continuously and stably generating nanofluid, being easy to handle, dramatically
reducing manufacturing costs, and being able to generate and select nanofluids according to various
usages. An apparatus for generating nanofluid containing nanobubbles, wherein the nanobubbles are
gas bubbles with diameter less than 1 mum, comprising: a gas-liquid mixing chamber 7 for forcibly
mixing supplied gas and liquid by generating turbulence therein; a pressurization means 4 for
applying pressure to the gas and liquid to be supplied to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 7; a nano-
outlet 20 for discharging pressurized gas-liquid mixture fluid to outside of the gas-liquid mixing
chamber 7 to thereby generate nanofluid; and a filter mechanism F for removing nanofluid containing
gas bubbles with diameter equal to or greater than a predetermined value from the generated nanoflui
To provide an ultraviolet light shielding transparent resin molding using an inorganic ultraviolet light
absorber and a manufacturing method of the same, having sufficient shielding characteristics of
ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 375 nm close to a visible light, and capable of exhibiting both
high ultraviolet light shielding and a low haze value. There is provided the ultraviolet light shielding
transparent resin molding and the manufacturing method of the same, with zinc oxide fine particles
dispersed in a transparent resin, each specific surface area set at 25 m2/g or more and 55 m2/g or
less, average particle size set at 19 nm or more and 41 nm or less, half value width of a (101) peak in
an X-ray diffraction measurement set at 0.5 or less, and crystallite diameter set at 15 nm or more and
20 nm or les

A reverse osmosis water purifying system includes a base with a support platform on which a water 1
container is put and a purifying unit is received in the base so as to provide purified water into the
water tank. A water level control device has a magnetic float unit connected to the water tank and the
magnetic float unit has a magnetic float which can be inducted by a first magnetic-spring switch and a
second magnetic-spring switch located on the base. The first magnetic-spring switch is located below
the second magnetic-spring switch. The magnetic float moves along with the water level and activates
the first magnetic-spring switch or the second magnetic-spring switch respectively to control the pump
to provide the purified water into the water tan

Apparatus for treating comestible pieces to prolong freshness having, in series, (I) UV irradiation
apparatus to irradiate the produce pieces whilst in a first liquid system as carrier, (II) a first immersion
apparatus defined at least in part by a first drag through tube conveyor to receive produce pieces
directly or indirectly from step (I) apparatus, to immerse them in a different liquid system, and to
discharge produce pieces, and (III) a second immersion apparatus defined at least in part by a
second drag through tube conveyor to receive the discharge from the first immersion apparatus and
to discharge the produce piece

A filtering apparatus comprises a microporous membrane and an actuator. The membrane is 1

positioned to traverse across the hollow interior of a conduit used for the transport of molecules in
bulk. In one example, the pores of the membrane comprise a plurality of open-ended carbon
nanotubes. The actuator comprises a transducing material such as a polyvinyledene fluoride film that
is operatively positioned in contact with the membrane and is capable of propagating acoustic
vibration onto the membrane at a particular frequency so as to hasten the movement of the molecules
through the membrane. Similarly, a method of filtering water comprises the steps of: (a) sifting
molecules of water through the membrane, the pores of the membrane comprising a plurality of
carbon nanotubes; and (b) propagating acoustic vibration onto the microporous membrane at a
libration frequency of ice so as to hasten movement of the water molecules within the carbon
nanotube

This is a device used for purifying water for eventual use in a swimming pool, hot tub, spa or aquarium 1
The water is passed through a tube and purified by means of filtering and/ or ion exchange media,
which completely fills the interior of the tube. The choice of filtering and/or ion exchange media is
chosen based on a particular need, which is presented by the water sourc
A method is provided for forming zeolite membranes in internal surfaces of a plurality of conduits in a 1
cylindrical porous ceramic monolith, the conduits extending from one end of the monolith to the other,
said method including a step of: flowing a pre-treatment liquid including a zeolite initiating agent into
the conduits; causing at least part of a carrier liquid component of the treatment liquid to flow from the
conduits into and through the body of the monolith to the exterior; and causing zeolite crystals to be
deposited in the porous internal surfaces of the conduits as the carrier liquid component flows into the
monolith. The substrates may be pre-conditioned for membrane formation by a method which
comprises: (a) forming an aqueous suspension of zeolite particles; and (b) passing the suspension
alternately (i) through the tubular conduits and (ii) out through the walls of the tubular conduits so as
to deposit a layer of zeolite particles on the inner surfaces of the tubular conduits; wherein the porous
substrates are treated in chambers arranged e.g in annularly and the suspension is supplied to the
chambers from a first common manifold via respective delivery tubes and is recovered via recovery
tubes leading to a second common manifold, the first and second manifolds and the supply and
recovery tubes being configured so that the branch path to and from each chamber is substantially
the same. After pre-conditioning, formation of membranes may be by depositing or crystallizing a
zeolite membrane on the zeolite particles by gel crystallization. A membrane structure is also provided
which comprises a tubular porous ceramic monolith having tubular conduits each having an internal
diameter of (5) to (9) mm formed within the monolith with a zeolite membrane formed on the internal
surface of each of the conduits, wherein either there are four conduits and the monolith is longer than
600 mm or there are five or more conduits. The invention also provides methods for removal of water
from organic liquids and methods for the purification of water using the above membrane structures
e.g. to remove residual water from ethanol or butanol or to produce high purity wate

A liquid separation device is provided, and is capable of suppressing the lowering of filtration function 1
due to an increase in flow channel resistance of permeated liquid which results in a separation
membrane falling in a groove of a permeated liquid flow channel material along with accompanied
breakage of the separation membrane surface. A permeated liquid flow channel material is disposed
on the back side of a separation membrane composed of a sheet-like material having a linear groove
and a linear crest alternately arrayed on one surface or both surfaces, wherein a groove width of the
linear groove in the sheet-like material is 10 to 200 mum, and a ratio of the groove width of the linear
groove to the pitch of the linear groove is 0.45 or mor

A hydro pack includes a water bag with a handle on a top end thereof and a outlet frame is located on 1
a lower end of the water bag. A connection member is connected with the outlet frame and a hose
with semi-circular cross section is connected to the connection member. The other end of the hose is
connected with a female unit. A universal mouth piece assembly, a bottle water connector, a faucet
connector, a filtering unit and a suction unit each have a male part which is optionally connected with
the female unit so as to conveniently and quick refill clean water in the water ba

The invention relates to a method for the optimised management of a membrane filtration unit based 1
on membrane micro-coagulation, that comprises at least one measurement of the effluent
temperature (7), one measurement of the filtration flow rate (8), and one measurement of the trans-
membrane pressure (9). The injection of the coagulation reagent(s) is controlled by a unit (U) when
the membrane permeability becomes lower than a threshold value, and the interruption of the
coagulation reagent(s) injection is controlled when the membrane permeability is again equal to or
higher than the stable LpO value before the drop, during a predetermined hold tim

A pitcher with a water purification module includes a casing having a trough longitudinally defined 1
therein. A purification module is received in trough and includes a housing having a space
longitudinally defined in the housing and extending to a top of the housing to define an opening. A
filter set is longitudinally received in the space form the opening and includes a hollow prior filter
longitudinally received in the space, a hollow filter housing longitudinally received in the prior filter,
and a hollow posterior filter longitudinally received in the filter housing. A cap is partially and
complementally received in the opening for closing the housin
A water purification module comprises a housing having a space longitudinally defined in the housing 1
and extending to a top of the housing to define an opening. A purified water outlet path, a waste water
outlet path and an intake path are respectively laterally defined in a lower end of the housing and
respectively communicate with the space. A filter set is longitudinally received in the space form the
opening. The filter set includes a hollow prior filter longitudinally received in the space, a hollow filter
housing longitudinally received in the prior filter, and a hollow posterior filter longitudinally received in
the filter housing. A cap is partially and complementally received in the opening for closing the housin

The present invention generally relates to a filtration system having one or more apparatuses for 1
filtering gases, liquids, or fluids (e.g., water) to remove particulate matter, and methods of making and
using the apparatus. More particularly, embodiments relate to apparatuses and methods for applying
centrifugal force(s) to push a fluid or gas to be filtered through a porous membrane or filter within the
apparatus to separate particulate matter therefrom. The present invention takes advantage of the
Coriolis effect within a cylindrical filter radiating out from a rotating central body. The filtration
apparatus provides an energy efficient system for microfiltration (or other filtration process) to remove
contaminants from gases and fluids, such as waste wate

The present invention relates to a water-filter device. This is distinguished by the provision of an 1
adjusting medium (5) of which the volume and/or the structure change/changes by way of a liquid (6)
which is in contact with the adjusting mechanism (1) and/or has flowed through the adjusting
mechanism (1

Various embodiments described herein provide methods and apparatus for producing purified water 1
from sea water or some other salty or brackish water source by using brackish concentrate mixed with
salty water. The various embodiments also provide methods and apparatus for the treatment of
toxicity of brackish concentrate, which brackish concentrate exhibits on aquatic life inhabiting the area
of discharge of the brackish concentrate, as well as a method for environmentally safe disposal of
brackish concentrat

A core module for a water filter with multiple layers has an outer filtering barrel, an activated carbon 1
rod and an inner filtering barrel. The activated carbon rod is mounted in a central channel of the outer
filtering barrel. The inner filtering barrel is mounted in a central channel of the activated carbon rod.
When the water is filtrated, the water flows through the outer filtering barrel, the activated carbon rod
and the inner filtering barrel in sequence. When the activated carbon particles are dropped from the
activated carbon rod, the inner filtering barrel blocks the activated carbon particles to keep the
activated carbon particles from flowing out with the water. Therefore, the filtering water is kept clea

The portable and autonomous desalination system is an autonomous reverse osmosis (RO) 1
desalination system utilizing power from a combination of electricity generation and storage sources
that include a photovoltaic (PV) unit, a vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) unit, and an electricity
storage unit. Electric power from PV, VAWT or storage units or a combination of these units is
provided, depending upon the availability of sunlight or wind, or for night operation for water
desalination using the reverse-osmosis process. The unit is portable, environmentally friendly, self-
sufficient and self-sustaining in terms of supplying the electricity and fresh drinking water needs of the
typical household. Multiple PV-VAWT-RO desalination units are combined together to provide fresh,
clean water and electricity for communities of various sizes. A small-size, straight-bladed vertical axis
wind turbine runs at very low wind speeds for urban operatio
The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for water filtration comprising contacting a 1
water stream with a membrane comprising a polysulfone having structural units of Formula I wherein
X is OH, NR1R2, or OR3; R1 and R2 are independently at each occurrence hydrogen, a C1-C5000
aliphatic radical, a C3-C12 cycloaliphatic radical, a C3-C12 aromatic radical, a polypeptide, a
combination thereof, or R1 and R2 taken together form a 5- or 6-membered aliphatic ring or a 5-
membered aromatic ring; R3 is a C1-C20 aliphatic radical, C3-C12 cycloaliphatic radical, C3-C12
aromatic radical, or a combination thereof; B&prime; and C&prime; are independently at each
occurrence a nitro group, C1-C20 aliphatic radical, C3-C12 cycloaliphatic radical, C3-C12 aromatic
radical, or a combination thereof; and q and r are independently at each occurrence 0 to 4. The
present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for gas separation, the method comprising
contacting a gas stream with a membrane comprising a polysulfone having structural units of Formula

An apparatus for purifying water according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a 1
feed line fluidically connected to a reverse osmosis module containing a semipermeable membrane.
The semipermeable membrane produces purified water and a concentrate. A drain line is also
connected to the reverse osmosis module configured to transport concentrate. A product line is
connected to the reverse osmosis module for transporting purified water. Operatively associated with
the product line and drain line is a shut-off mechanism containing a pressure sensor operatively
associated with an appliance configured to activate the shut-off mechanis

Methods and apparatuses for treatment of contaminated liquid are provided including an integrated 1
ultra-filtration and clarification apparatus, and an optional integrated electrocoagulation capability. The
integrated apparatus comprises an outer tank, an inner casing, and a plurality of ultra-filtration filters
contained within the inner casing. Clarification of liquid occurs in the gap between the casing and
tank. Solid matter settles, and aggregates in the bottom portion of the tank. The accumulated solid
material acts as a secondary filter by pre-filtering the liquid prior to contact with the ultra-filtration
filters. Clarified liquid is retained in a chamber of the casing, and the clarified liquid is drawn through
the ultra-filtration filters as initiated by a source of vacuum communicating with the ultra-filtration
filters. The integrated apparatus can be incorporated within any desired liquid treatment facility, and
one combination in accordance with this system of the present invention includes an upstream
electrocoagulation unit and a downstream reverse osmosis unit. The electrocoagulation function may
be incorporated in the tank by a plurality of reaction plates or blades mounted to the interior sidewall
of the tank. Additionally, the integrated apparatuses may include bacterial treatment in which a
selected group of micro-organisms are introduced into the apparatus for treatment of particular
contaminate

There are disclosed a ceramic porous membrane formed with less membrane formation times and 1
having less defects, a small and uniform thickness and a high flux, and a ceramic filter. A silica
membrane is formed on a titania UF membrane as an ultrafiltration membrane (a UF membrane)
formed on a porous base member which is a microfiltration membrane (also referred to as an MF
membrane) and having an average pore diameter smaller than that of the porous base member, and
the silica membrane has an average pore diameter smaller than that of the titania UF membrane, and
does not substantially permeates the titania UF membran

A grey water treatment system for use in conjunction with a water softener, including a grey water 1
holding tank including a first inlet configured to receive grey water and a second inlet configured to
receive spent brine from the water softener. The spent brine is mixed with the grey water in the
holding tank to flocculate suspended solids in the grey water for subsequent remova

A method and device for the cleaning of spiral wound membranes. In the device two or more spiral 1
wound membranes are included in series in pressure tubes. The membranes are cleaned by
longitudinal rinsing with water, in which a well-dissolvable gas has been dissolved. In the device for
the purification of an aqueous fluid with spiral wound membranes, the membranes can be longitudinal
rinsed with water, in which a well-dissolvable gas has been dissolved. As gas that is well-dissolvable
preferably CO2 gas or a mixture of gasses is use
A process for separating dissolved components from a solution, said process comprising a) 1
introducing a first solution into a solar pond and irradiating the solution with solar energy, such that
temperature and concentration gradients are established, whereby the temperature and concentration
of solute at the base of the pond is greater than the temperature and concentration of solute at the
surface of the pond, b) introducing a portion of the first solution from the pond into a first osmosis unit,
and contacting the portion with one side of a selectively permeable membrane, c) contacting the other
side of the selectively permeable membrane with a second solution having a lower solute
concentration than the portion of first solution from the pond, such that solvent from the second
solution passes across the membrane to dilute and pressurise the portion of first solution, d) removing
the diluted portion of first solution from the first osmosis unit, and e) using the pressure generated in
the diluted portion of first solution to drive a solution of dissolved components through a membrane to
separate at least some of the dissolved components from the solutio

Embodiments of the invention provide a membrane module including a first plurality of fibers capable 1
of filtering fluids that are helically wound in layers creating a mono helix. Fluids to be treated can flow
radially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the mono helix or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
mono helix. The membrane module can further include a second plurality of fibers that are helically
wound with the first plurality of fibers to create a dual helix. The second plurality of fibers can have
different properties than the first plurality of fibers in order to achieve different filtering functionalitie

A water filtration system includes a raw water line, a purified water line, and a plurality of water 1
filtration units. The filtration units are connected in parallel between the raw water line and the purified
water line. Each of the filtration units has a water filter disposed between and separating a raw water
side of the unit connected to the raw water line and a purified water side of the unit connected to the
purified water line. The raw water side of each unit has a drain opening. The system furthers includes
a plurality of raw water valves each disposed between the raw water line and the raw water side of
one of the plurality of units, a plurality of purified water valves each disposed between the purified
water line and the purified water side of one of the plurality of units, and a plurality of drain valves
each disposed to control flow through the drain opening of one of the plurality of unit

A method and system for water treatment is described according to embodiments. In an embodiment, 1
a lower volume concentrated solution, and a beneficial diluted draw solution are produced, which may
be markete

Multiple water purifier modules are stacked in a rack having manifolds for each of the various water 1
filtration functions: feed, concentrate, and filtrate. Each module connects to the rack by a quick
connect for each of the filtration tubes. The quick connects are of the self-sealing type. A handle on
the end of the module away from the rack has a lever for causing the quick connects to release the
module from the rack while the system remains in operation. The, module can then be totally removed
from the rack for testing, service, or replacement while the overall system remains in operation. Each
module contains complete filtration media. The water is passed into the feed tubes under pressure
where it passes into an elongated cavity filled with elongated hollow fibers. Filtrate, such as purer
water, passes through the walls of the hollow fibers to an outlet, while concentrate, which is fluid with
a high percent of impurities, flows from the cavity into concentrate tubes to another outlet for disposal.
The tubes and concentrate tubes are small diameter tubes with small holes spaced along their
lengths. The tubes lie at opposite sides of the cavity, rather than at opposite ends, and the tubes are
surrounded by the fibers that are tightly packed together and that are tightly packed around the tubes,
to control the flow rate of feed fluid between the

The present invention provides a bio-membrane formulation to be used to eliminate microorganism, 1

turbidity, suspended particles and organic matters from drinking water wherein the bio-membrane
includes a polysulfone with a concentration of 15%-18%, N,N-dimethylacetamide of 65%-70% and
poly (vinyl-pyrolidone)-K30 at 10%-15
An apparatus for continuous closed-circuit consecutive sequential desalination of a salt water solution 1
by reverse osmosis that comprises a closed circuit system comprising one or more desalination
modules having their respective inlets and outlets connected in parallel by conducing lines, each of
desalination modules comprising of one or more membrane elements, a pressurizing device for
creating counter pressure to enable reverse osmosis desalination and replacement of released
permeate by fresh, a circulation system for recycling the desalinated solution through the desalination
modules, a conducting line systems for permeate collection from the desalination modules, a
conducting line system for removing brine effluent a valve system to enable periodic discharge of
brine from the closed circuit without stopping desalination, and monitoring and control systems to
enable continuous closed circuit desalination of desired recovery proceed in consecutive sequential
steps under variable or constant pressure condition

A water filter device including a filter unit to receive water from an external water supply source and to 1
purify the received water, a storage tank unit to store the water purified through the filter unit, and a
case to receive the filter unit and the storage tank uni

A split type potable water extractor from ambient air and water dispenser is invented, comprising 1
separate water generating block located outside a water use area and water dispensing block located
inside a water use area. The water generator block cycles refrigerant through a condenser and an
evaporator to create condensation by heat exchange with ambient air circulated by an intake airflow
system. The condensate water is collected and purified in a cascade of bactericidal loop to remove
impurities. The purified water is pumped to a dispensing apparatus which can be installed in the home
or other area of water use separate from the water generating block. If any one of the functional parts
or units of water generator is disabled the water generator immediately stops operating to deliver
water to the tank of the dispensing apparatu

There is a water enhancement system coupled to a water conduit, wherein the water enhancement 1
system is configured to enhance a water supply. The water enhancement system includes a filtration
system coupled to a water conduit, configured to filter water flowing therethrough. The water
enhancement system also includes an enhancement system coupled to the filtration system,
configured to treat water flowing therethrough by dispensing a fluid therein. The enhancement system
includes a plurality of cartridge sockets and matching cartridges configured to selectably couple
together and contain enhancing fluid. The water enhancement system further includes a treatment
bracket coupled about the water conduit and to the enhancement system. The water enhancement
system additionally includes a treatment device coupled about the treatment bracket and configured
to alter a characteristic of the water flowing therethroug

A method and an apparatus for the modification of seawater, brine, or alike, to render it suitable for 1
irrigation, industrial use, or for further treatment in a drinking water purification plant, as well as to
extract desired substances from brines, such as boron, and to clear waste from mining processes, by
reducing environment endangering contaminants, like petroleum hydro-carbons, or radioactive
substances, as well as inactivating microorganisms and virus in biosolids, by means of exposing the
substances to high-intensity macrosound, i.e., alternating mechanical energy radiation at (ultra-) sonic
frequencies. The treatment enhances the separation of salt, or/and other desired materials, from the
water, and activates in situ the adsorption of the materials on sorbefacient substances supplied to the
desalination process in form of dust of pulverized, liquefied, or vaporized substances, or by elements
(of walls) of treatment chambers, or filters. The separation of the adsorption material together with the
adsorbed salt, or/and any other extract from the liquid, is accomplished by common techniques, such
as sedimentation, decanter, filter, or (electrostatic) separato
A water filtration system utilizing line pressure is disclosed. The water filtration system comprises an 1
optional carbon or KDF filter unit or a series of membranes, line pressure filter system, water tank and
water pump. Water from a pressurized water source (e.g., municipality water or well) is passed
through the carbon or KDF filter and line pressure filter system prior to being deposited into the water
tank. A pressure-regulated pump draws water from the water tank upon demand. An automatic
pressure regulator on the pump ensures that the water pressure at water-dependent devices (e.g.,
showers) remains at a desired level regardless of demand. An optional ozone generator may also be
incorporated into the system such that water in water tank is provided with O3. A second water tank
may be dedicated to holding and supplying non-purified water thereby eliminating any waste wate

A fast acting water purification system containing a source of silver ions which is suitable for use in 1
personal or household water containers, where the non-potable water may contain halides or other
materials that limit the solubility of silver in the non-potable water, with the purification agent including
a source of silver ions and a compound containing a hydantoin ring increase the presence of silver
ions in the non-potable water to a level sufficient to quickly kill harmful microorganisms in the non-
potable water without the need to add additional biocides to the non-potable water or pretreat the non-
potable wate

An alloy is created by melting aluminum, zinc, rare earth metals such as erbium and/or tellurium, and 1
optionally vanadium. During cooling, the molten alloy is exposed to ultrasonic waves in order to
prevent separation of the alloy into layers. The alloy is used for one electrode and a separate
conductive element such as stainless steel or carbon is used for the other electrode in a water filter. A
constant potential difference and electrical current is created between the two electrodes across the
water. In an embodiment where carbon or zeolite is used as the filtration medium, the constant
voltage and current increase bonding of ions in the filtration medium with pollutants in the water. In an
embodiment wherein a mixed bed resin containing sodium ions and potassium ions is used as the
filtration medium, the constant voltage and current increase the bonding of the sodium and potassium
ions with residual chlorine ions in the water. The resulting sodium chloride salts and the potassium
chloride salts also assist in regenerating the mixed bed resi

A portable water purifier for purifying a liquid to a safe form acceptable for drinking may be provided. 1
The portable water purifier may include a container configured to hold the liquid, a filtering mechanism
connected to the container configured to filter out dirt or sediment floc from the liquid, and a transport
mechanism in communication with the filtering mechanism configured to transport the liquid into the
filtering mechanism. The portable water purifier may also include a mixer inside the container
configured to disperse a chemical disinfectant or a flocculating agent tablet within a liquid, for instance
wate

Provided are methods and systems for continuously producing low concentrations of chlorine dioxide
from dilute solutions of sodium chlorite. The low concentrations of chlorine dioxide produced allow for
reduced exposure risk with direct application of the chlorine dioxide stream. The incorporation of a
suitable chlorine dioxide detector permits continuous monitoring and control of chlorine dioxide
production ensuring that the process stays within regulatory guidelines. Pretreatment of reaction
water is preferred for achieving suitable conversion rates of the low concentrations of chlorite to
chlorine dioxid

Provided are filtration media, matrixes, and systems for liquid purification that utilize functional 1
polymer particles. The functional polymer particles can comprise a cationic charge. Exemplary
functional polymer particles comprise comprise [3-(methacryloylamino)propyl]-trimethylammonium
chloride (MAPTAC) polymerized with trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA
Provided are an anti-microbial matrix and filtration systems containing the same. The matrix 1
comprises a surface-modified inorganic component and a polymeric binder comprising particles
having an irregular, convoluted surface. The surface-modified inorganic component comprises a
reaction product of an anti-microbial component and an inorganic component. The anti-microbial
component comprises a quaternary ammonium salt containing an epoxide group. A covalent bond is,
for example, between the quaternary ammonium cation and a hydroxyl group of the inorganic
component. The quaternary ammonium salt can be poly(methyldiallylamine epichlorohydrin). Further,
the quaternary ammonium salt can have the formula according to I: (Formula I), wherein n is in the
range of 5 to 24. The inorganic component can be diatomaceous earth. The polymeric binder can
comprise ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE). Methods of making and using the
same are also provide

The present invention discloses the preparation of antimicrobial membranes by inclusion of low 1
leaching, control release silver-based antimicrobial additives as described in claim 1 into the polymer
matrix and forming this into a semipermeable membrane. The antimicrobial agents protect the
membrane system against bacterial and/or algal decay and assist in maintaining a high efficiency of
the membrane filtration proces

A solar power utility unit is disclosed that collects solar power during the day; stores the power in a
battery pack; and distributes the energy stored in the battery to one or more utilities. The utilities can
include a water purification system using a UV lamp, lights, AC electrical power to charge electronic
devices, and a refrigerator. The utility unit has an electronic control unit to manage the electrical
energy stored in the battery. The utilities can be ranked in priority and power turned off to lower priority
utilities to ensure that the highest priority utility is serviced. Water purification system may be a
continuous process with the water circulated by an electric pump, a batch process with the water
transported by intermittent use of the electric pump, or a gravity feed process with valves to control
the flow in and out of the purifie

A quickly cleanable water processor includes a shell, a water pipe, at least one filtering unit and a 1
cleaning unit. The shell includes a space defined therein, a water inlet, a water outlet and an air inlet.
The water inlet and outlet and the air inlet and outlet are in communication with the space. The water
pipe is disposed in the shell and made with slots in communication with the water inlet. The filtering
unit is detachably provided around the water pipe. The filtering unit includes alternately arranged
membrane bags and water-guiding discs. The cleaning unit includes an air pump and an air pipe
extended into the shell from the air pump through the air inlet. The air pipe includes apertures through
which air reaches the membrane bags from the air pip

This is a water cleansing system intended for very low technology primitive communities buildable for
between $600 and $1,000 of parts with labor extra. A gravity feed system is contemplated with an
initial filtering stage(s), a settling stage, a UV treatment stage, and an ozonator stage. Other filtering is
useful and a stand-alone power system with solar power needing no infrastructure is contemplated to
enhance purification. The objective is to improve water quality from the worst of conditions; and under
some conditions to end up with clean water of a quality found in developed countries with mature
water systems. The general principle is that if water had to be carried to the site in communities with
low precipitation, the water brought in would be emptied into the initial stage of the water cleansing
system, and the person who brought the water would draw from the last stage an equal amount or
high percentage of the amount of water carried in. The system is fully scalable in size, but one key is
that it can serve at a very inexpensive cost, a small group of peopl

A method of removing contaminates from sour water is provided. The method includes producing raw
sour water within a syngas production system, and removing the contaminates from the raw sour
water using a chemical reaction within a treatment unit to produce treated sour water. The treatment
unit is in flow communication with the syngas production syste
A hollow fiber membrane module with good ventilativity is disclosed, which is capable of reducing a 1
time period for completely filling a water space of housing with water introduced through a water inlet
by quickly replacing the air in the water space with the water thereby improving the efficiency of water
flo

A membrane element is provided between a pair of water collecting cases. Water collecting spaces in 1
which permeate having penetrated through the membrane element is collected are formed in the
water collecting cases. The water collecting case of one membrane module and the water collecting
case of the other membrane module are coupled via coupling portions. The coupling portions have
flow holes. The water collecting space of the water collecting case of the one membrane module and
the water collecting space of the water collecting case of the other membrane module communicate
with each other via the flow holes of the coupling portion

Apparatus for water purification and used in drinking water supply systems and individual filters. The 1
apparatus allows an increase in quality of the water purification by means of a helical arrangement of
a granular filter and an increase of the number of passages in which the water is purified. A household
filter comprises a housing with distribution grids at the water inlet and outlet, two and more helical
partitions having the form of a flat band or rod twisted around the longitudinal axis and having three or
more beam profiles, and, optionally, comprise one or more flat partitions dividing the water inlet and
outle

Embodiments of the invention include a system and a method for purifying and storing water
produced from atmospheric air to provide a safe, inexpensive source of potable water. Improvements
over prior systems and methods include the use of two isolated air chambers, one for ambient air
used to capture moisture from the atmosphere, and another for clean rechargeable air to convert the
captured moisture into condensate and using a rotating mass of hygroscopic material and a
condensation unit, each of which is periodically sterilized by hea

Highly energy efficient electrodialysis membranes having low operating costs and a novel process for 1
their manufacture are described herein. The membranes are useful in the desalination of water and
purification of waste water. They are effective in desalination of seawater due to their low electrical
resistance and high permselectivity. These membranes are made by a novel process which results in
membranes significantly thinner than prior art commercial electrodialysis membranes. The
membranes are produced by polymerizing one or more monofunctional ionogenic monomers with at
least one multifunctional monomer in the pores of a porous substrat

A heat pump type hot-water supply device including a hot water storage tank and a hot water
circulation circuit is provided with a bactericidal component generator, such as a discharge device for
generating a streamer discharge, in order to prevent development of bacteria, such as Legionella, at
low cost. The bactericidal component generator generates, at a temperature lower than or equal to
that of hot water in a hot water circulation circuit, a bactericidal component so as to bring about an
effect on the hot wate

The &ldquo;Pure Sip&rdquo; system will reliably address biological, as well as chemical, 1
contamination in the distribution system after treatment at a central purification facility. The Public
water supply industry relies heavily on the &ldquo;multiple barrier&rdquo; approach in the protection
of public health; the &ldquo;Pure Sip&rdquo; Point of Use (POU) treatment unit/system is a logical,
economical, and effective, addition to the water industry's traditional &ldquo;multiple barrier&rdquo;
treatment strategy. The unique &ldquo;Pure Sip&rdquo; system incorporates 10 micron and 1.0
micron filtration, activated carbon adsorption, and 12V UV primary disinfection, in a portable
countertop uni
A portable water purifier having a shell, a solar cell, a power storage system, a micro booster pump, 1
and a membrane module. The solar cell is disposed on the shell. The power storage system, the
micro booster pump, and the membrane module are disposed integratedly in the shell. The solar cell
is connected to the power storage system and the combination thereof provides power for the micro
booster pump. The micro booster pump is connected to the membrane module. A method of purifying
water with the portable water purifier is also taught. The portable water purifier can produce instant
safe, and healthy drinking water even when power supply is lackin

The present invention discloses a water membrane comprising a lipid bilayer supported on a single 1
side thereof on a water permeable dense support layer, this lipid bilayer being composed of one or
more lipids and aquaporin proteins are embedded therein, further wherein the water permeable dense
support layer is impermeable to the lipids and to the aquaporin proteins. Also are provided a method
for the preparation of these membranes and uses thereof in water filtration application

A filter cartridge has a shell defining an upper portion with an upper interior volume and a lower 1
portion with a lower interior volume. The cartridge is for use in gravity-fed water treatment systems
have an upper untreated supply and a lower filtered container. A hydrophilic porous particulate carbon
powder block filter in a polymeric binder is disposed in the cartridge. The filter has a central opening
and is open on both ends. The top end of the block is fitted with an air vent tube. The lower end of the
block is fitted into a rubber gasket to direct water flow into the lower container. As water flow through
the filter cartridge, air is vented through the block filter central opening and out through the vent tub

A mobile water treatment apparatus to on-load a dirty fluid into a storage container attached to a 1
motor vehicle and transport the fluid in the storage container from a first location and to a second
location where the fluid is filtered by a filtration system attached to the motor vehicle. The filtered fluid
is discharged from the mobile water treatment apparatus at the second locatio

There is disclosed an ultraviolet radiation device. The device comprises a base portion, a plurality of
semiconductor structures connected to the base portion and an ultraviolet radiation transparent
element connected to the plurality of semiconductor structures. Preferably: (i) the at least one light
emitting diode is in direct contact with the ultraviolet radiation transparent element, or (ii) there is a
spacing between the at least one light emitting diode and the ultraviolet radiation transparent element,
the spacing being substantially completely free of air. There is also disclosed a fluid treatment system
incorporating the ultraviolet radiation devic

A portable water purification system and method of operation of the system is disclosed that may
comprise a container defining a water purification chamber; a plurality of UV generating light sources
distributed in the purification chamber of the container; and a portable power source electrically
connected to the light sources, and adapted to convert kinetic energy to electrical energy to provide to
the light sources. The portable power source may be adapted to be driven by human motive power to
provide the kinetic energy. The purification system may comprise a filling opening to the container;
and a filter intermediate the filling opening and the chamber adapted to remove turbidity from the
water entering the water purification chamber through the filling opening. The portable power source
may comprise a hand-cranked electrical generator. The UV light sources may produce UV light in a
wavelength band selected to effectively deactivate all harmful biological water contaminants, and
produce UV light in a dosage sufficient to effectively deactivate all harmful biological water
contaminant
The invention relates to a filter unit for purification of impure water, which could be seawater intended 1
for ballast water, pool water, waste water or the like. The purification is performed by means of filter
modules comprising filter means with dead end filter elements of a sintered material, and the filter unit
facilitates alternating backwashing of the filter means at the same time as the filter unit may perform
filtration of the impure water. The invention likewise relates to use of a dead end filter element in a de-
gassing version, the filter element comprising a top end, a bottom end and a plurality of substantially
parallel arranged channels with blockings in different end

A water container having a germicidal water purification unit. Water stored in a reservoir passes
through a conduit that extends through an array of light sources that operate in at least one of the
visible light frequency range and the ultraviolet frequency range to purify the water. The light sources
are activated, preferably on a selected as needed basis, by a power suppl

An apparatus and method for precisely controlling production, injection, and removal of disinfectants 1
using electrolysis according to the flow rate of ballast water are provided, where the ballast water
flows into or is discharged from the ballast tank to manage the ballast water or ships so that
destruction or disruption of marine ecosystems can be prevented. An apparatus for treating ballast
water and treatment method using the same are provided, the apparatus including: an electrolysis
module for producing concentration-controlled sodium hypochlorite; a gas-liquid separator for
separating hydrogen gas; a micro bubble generator for mixing and supplying reducing agents while
reducing residual chlorine; a vortex generator for generating vortex; and a control system. The control
system controls a salinometer, a flow rate meter, a residual chlorine meter, a seawater supply pump,
flow rate control valves, an electrolysis module, a residual chlorine meter, a micro bubble generator,
and an injection pum

A fluid treatment system is disclosed wherein a fluid is passed through a membrane and is treated 1
with an electrical treatment device. The electrical treatment device may include a wire wrapped about
a fluid conduit and a control unit. The electrical treatment device may include a first electrode, a
second electrode, and a control unit. The first electrode and the second electrode may be in contact
with the flui

A filter head including a lid extending along a central axis. The lid includes a filter bowl receptacle 1
positioned coaxially about the central axis, a central receptacle positioned coaxially within the filter
bowl receptacle, and an intermediate receptacle positioned coaxially between the central receptacle
and the filter bowl receptacle. A conduit portion connects to the lid and extends along another axis that
is normal to the central axis of the lid. The conduit portion includes a first pathway extending between
the first end and the filter bowl receptacle, a second pathway extending between the first end and the
central receptacle, a third pathway extending between the second end and the central receptacle, and
a fourth pathway extending between the second end and the intermediate receptacle. Couplings allow
the filter head to be pivoted about the central axis of the conduit portio

A process for treating oil sands process water is provided, comprising removing free oil and grease 1
from the oil sands process water to produce de-oiled process water; reducing the total suspended
solids by subjecting the de-oiled process water to filtration using a membrane system to produce
filtered process water; and removing dissolved ions such as chloride ions and sulfate ions present in
the filtered process water by reverse osmosis to produce a treated water stream and a concentrated
salt strea
A nanofiber-containing membrane has a specific surface area of 0.1 to 1000 m2/g, porosity of 10 to 1
99.5% and a pore size of 0.01 to 10 ¼m. This provides a nanofiber-containing membrane having
properties of high specific surface area, high porosity, nanoscale pore size, high pore uniformity and
so on. A process for producing a nanofiber-containing membrane comprising producing a membrane
from a polymer solution by electrospinning technology under optimal operation condition

Water purifying drink containers include a liquid container, a cap assembly removably coupled to the
liquid container, and a purification assembly that emits ultraviolet (UV) light in the germicidal spectrum
to purify a volume of drink liquid held in the liquid container. In some embodiments, the purification
assembly includes a UV bulb positioned within a recess of the cap assembly facing the internal
compartment of the liquid container. In some embodiments, the UV bulb further emits light in the
visible spectrum and the drink container includes an indicator that becomes illuminated with visible
light to indicate to a user when the UV bulb is emitting UV ligh

The invention relates to a process for treating water in an installation comprising a plurality of filtration 1
units, said process comprising at least one step of filtration of said water in said filtration units under
initial filtration conditions, and an optional step of modification of the value of at least one controlled
parameter within a tolerance interval. According to the inventions, such a process comprises: a step of
determining the value of at least one piece of information representative of the clogging capacity of
the water to be filtered; a first step of comparing said value of at least one piece of information
representative of the clogging capacity with a predetermined threshold value; a step of determining
limits of said tolerance interval for said at least one controlled parameter as a function of said first
comparison step, said step of determining the value of said at least one piece of information
representative of the clogging capacity of the water to be filtered being obtained by making said water
to be filtered pass, under conditions different from said initial filtration conditions, through at least one
of said filtration units constituting a control filtration uni

A water purification apparatus enables water purification in the field. An illustrative water purification 1
apparatus can comprise at least one water purification filter and a solar-powered pump configured to
pump source water through the at least one water purification filter, producing purified wate

A method of determining the TOC of a purified water stream is disclosed comprising at least the steps
of: passing a supply water stream through a water purification apparatus including an oxidiser to
provide a purified water stream, and dispensing at least a portion of the purified water stream;
stopping the dispense of the purified water stream and recirculating the purified water stream as a
recirculating water stream through at least a portion of the water purification apparatus including the
oxidiser to provide a re-oxidised water stream; and measuring the conductivity value of the re-
oxidised water stream to determine the TOC of the purified water stream. In this way, a determination
of the TOC of the purified water stream of can be provided without requiring a dedicated TOC monitor
at the point of dispense of the purified water strea

Membrane modules, and contactor apparatuses that utilize these modules, comprise a membrane 1
contactor layer and a condenser region and optionally a core. The modules comprise a membrane
contactor layer comprising a membrane envelope and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes disposed
therein; a feed fluid pathway defined at least in part by lumens of the hollow fibers; and a permeate
fluid pathway defined at least in part by an interstitial space between outer surfaces of the hollow
fibers and inner surfaces of the membrane envelop
The present invention relates to a novel technology for forming fine particles with a size of 0.02Ãoe3 1
microns from a solid that can be dissolved in a liquid solvent and is not decomposed by heat. The
particle preparation technology according to the present invention may be applicable to the fields of
food, cosmetics, biopolymer, polymer compositions, and pharmaceutical

The filtration apparatus of the invention includes a filtration member 12 which has a ribbon-like
suspended-solid-capturing member for capturing suspended solid present in fed treatment water 1,
wherein the filtration member is charged in a filtration tank 11 such that a filtration portion of the
filtration tank has a percent void of 50 to 95% during passage of the treatment wate

The present invention provides electrocoagulation devices and methods for using the same to treat
water to remove at least a portion of suspended, dissolved solids, or a combination thereo

A compact point of use water purifier intended for both urban and rural areas of developing countries,
consisting of a spigot with integrated UV radiation source adjacent to an outlet orifice to selectively on
demand expose untreated water when the spigot valve mechanism is activated to dispense water for
consumption. The water purifier is connectable to an electric power source, either 110V/220V AC or
12 VDC, by means of a transformer unit delivering the appropriate voltage to spigot uni

A novel dynamic filtration method and apparatus reduce the bio fouling and the scaling on the 1
membrane surface during separation processes. A membrane separator is rotated while receiving
feed to be separated into a component and waste. Because of the reduction in bio fouling and scaling
on the membrane surface, the useful lives of RO and NF membranes may increase significantly,
along with energy saving

Bacteria in water 9 exposed outdoors are effectively killed with ultraviolet (UV) light by suppressing
post-treatment increase in the bacteria population due to photoreactivation. The apparatus shines UV
light on the water 9 to kill bacteria and has UV light emitting diodes (LEDs) 1 that emit UVA light with a
primary emission peak of 320 nm-400 nm. The antibacterial action of the UVA light emitted by the UV
LEDs 1 prevents proliferation of bacteria in the disinfected water 9 due to photoreactivatio

The invention relates to an apparatus for purifying liquids, in particular for purifying ballast wate
The invention provides a method and apparatus for creating plasma particles and applying the plasma
particles to a liquid. Liquid feedstock (e.g., water and/or hydrocarbons mixed with biomass) is pumped
through a pipeline; the single-phase stream is then transformed into a biphasic liquid-and-gas stream
inside a chamber. The transformation is achieved by transitioning the stream from a high pressure
zone to a lower-pressure zone. The pressure drop may occur when the stream further passes through
a device for atomizing liquid. Inside the chamber, an electric field is generated with an intensity level
that exceeds the threshold of breakdown voltage of the biphasic medium leading to a generation of a
plasma state. Furthermore, the invention provides an energy-efficient highly adaptable and versatile
method and apparatus for sanitizing water using plasma particles to inactivate biological agents
contaminating wate

A floating fountain with internal ultraviolet water treatment, which comprises a chamber adapted to
float near the water surface in a water environment, a water inlet on the top of the chamber for
receiving surface water from the water environment, a pump inside the chamber for receiving water
from the water inlet, an ultraviolet source for treating water; and a water outlet nozzle at the top of the
chamber for receiving water which has been treated with ultraviolet energy and pumped, to provide a
pumped-water stream above the water surfac

A pre-treatment method injecting sulfur dioxide into waters containing suspended solids to undergo 1
ultra violet disinfection to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3) to self-agglomerate and precipitate solids from
the wastewater for settling or filtration removal and provide acid to reduce bicarbonate and mineral
scaling and microbial buildup on ultraviolet light tubes to improve their performanc

A hybrid chemical/mechanical water treatment plant and method employing rapid sulfur dioxide
chemical disinfection and dewatering technology in conjunction with lime and oxidization/reduction
agents to removal pharmaceuticals and personal care products from waters to meet operating
constraints and environmental permitting restrictions and siting limitations for water treatmen

[Subject] The aim is to provide a separation membrane which can fulfill both high separation capability 1
and high permeation rate. [Solving Means] The disclosed is separation membrane which comprises a
porous substrate which is made of ceramic sintered body of which a main ingredient is alumina, and a
zeolite membrane which is formed over the surface of the porous substrate, wherein the porous
substrate comprises a base layer and a foundation layer which is formed on the base layer and is
formed for the zeolite membrane, and the separation membrane is characterized in that a mean pore
diameter of the foundation layer is smaller than a mean pore diameter of the base laye

A system and method for filtering is disclosed, which is capable of accomplishing a filtering operation 1
at a high recovery rate of 96% or more, and realizing a compact and simplified system structure, the
system comprising a water bath including an inlet and a discharging hole, wherein feed water to be
treated is supplied to the inside of the water bath through the inlet, and concentrated water is
discharged out through the discharging hole; and plural membrane cassettes including first and
second membrane cassettes submerged into the feed water contained in the water bath, wherein the
first membrane cassette is positioned nearest to the inlet, and the second membrane cassette is
positioned nearest to the discharging hole, wherein the first membrane cassette treats the feed water
with a first impurity concentration; the second membrane cassette treats the feed water with a second
impurity concentration; and the first impurity concentration is smaller than the second impurity
concentratio
Membranes for membrane distillation include at least one hollow fiber porous hydrophobic 1
membrane, the at least one membrane including carbon nanotubes incorporated into the pore
structure of the membrane. Membrane distillation systems may include a heat exchanger operably
connected to a hollow fiber membrane module with one or more membranes including carbon
nanotubes. Methods of solvent removal, sample preconcentration and desalination employing hollow
fiber porous hydrophobic membranes with carbon nanotubes are disclose

&ldquo;MULTIFUNCTIONAL EQUIPMENT FOR FILTERING POOL WATER&rdquo;, it consists of an

equipment (1) to be used in swimming pools, composed by a box (2) with saddles to receive,
immediately or later, besides main motor-pump (3), a motor-pump (4) for solar heating of the water,
filter with ultraviolet light (5), register (6) for cleaning with water pressurized by the equipment itself
and optional register (7) for Scottish shower, for instance, besides an armored control box (8) with
external activation (A

A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner 1
chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter,
whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber
where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container
section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed
across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining
contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiec

Water is supplied from a mains water supply station to a main supply conduit which feeds a plurality of
regional supply networks, via respective pressure reducing valves, at respective regional pressures.
Each regional supply network has a boundary value for a parameter related to a property of the water,
which may be water pressure or concentration of a water treatment agent. Each network has a critical
point at which the value of the parameter is deemed least acceptable. Water supply characteristics in
respect of each regional supply network are monitored and the water supplied into the main supply
conduit is processed to ensure acceptable values of the parameter are maintained at each critical
poin

This invention relates to heterogenous pore polymer nanotube membranes useful in filtration, such as 1
reverse osmosis desalination, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and gas separatio

A method and device for removing scaling from the interior of a conduit used in a heat transfer device, 1
the method comprising the steps of diverting a portion of the fluid from the conduit, passing the
diverted portion through a filter, passing the filtered portion through a magnetic field, and reintroducing
the fluid into the conduit. The method of the present invention can also be used with chillers to control
bacterial growth therei

A dissolved air flotation system and method for purifying fresh water. The system is self-contained
within a standard shipping container, with all components disposed in-line within the shipping
container. Float is removed from the flotation tank with a skimmer that drives float downstream onto a
conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt conveys float away from the flotation tank, in the downstream
direction, and deposits the float in a collection tank. Clean water may be drawn from the flotation tank
continuously, while float may be removed periodicall
The present invention is a water filter pitcher equipped with a removable, replaceable filter cartridge 1
and means to count the number of times the pitcher is filled with water, and also means to notify the
user when the pitcher has filtered enough water to exhaust the filtering capacity of the filter cartridge
so that the user can replace the filter cartridge when necessary but does not have to remember to
change the cartridge at a specific interval or count the number of gallons filtered manually, and
instead can rely on the water filter pitcher to track the amount of water filtered and inform the user
when to change the filter cartridg

A method for cleaning a water purifier comprising: a filtering unit; a water tank unit for storing purified 1
water having passed through the filtering unit; and a discharging unit for discharging out the purified
water stored in the water tank unit, the method comprises: a cleaning water supplying step of
supplying cleaning water in which a cleaning agent is dissolved to the water tank unit; a cleaning
water discharging step of discharging the cleaning water when a predetermined time has lapsed; a
rinsing water supplying step of supplying rinsing water to the water tank unit when the cleaning water
discharging step has been completed; and a rinsing water discharging step of discharging the rinsing
water when a predetermined time has lapsed. In the method, cleaning and rinsing processes for a
water purifier are automatically executed by a series of consecutive processes. Accordingly, a user
can directly clean the water purifier if necessary without requiring a Codi's visi

A potable water system (10) comprises a supply line (18) and a water-purification device (20) 1
incorporated thereinto. The water-purification device (20) comprises a microorganism filter (40) having
a housing (42) and replaceable cartridge (42). The cartridge's filter media (50) includes a
microorganism-capturing membrane (e.g., comprising an electropositive material) and a
microorganism-killing membrane (e.g., comprising a biocidal material

Disclosed are systems and methods of preparing dialysate for use in a home dialysis system that is 1
compact and light-weight relative to existing systems and consumes relatively low amounts of energy.
The method includes coupling a household water stream to a dialysis system; filtering the water
stream; heating the water stream to at least about 138 degrees Celsius in a non-batch process to
produce a heated water stream; maintaining the heated water stream at or above at least about 138
degrees Celsius for at least about two seconds; cooling the heated water stream to produce a cooled
water stream; ultrafiltering the cooled water stream; and mixing dialysate components into the cooled
water stream in a non-batch proces

A desalination system is provided that may be operated in a self-sustained fashion. The desalination 1
system is comprised of (i) a wind turbine; (ii) an air compressor coupled to, and powered by, the wind
turbine; (iii) a compressed air storage tank for storing the pressurized air from the air compressor; (iv)
a pneumatic actuator that is powered by compressed air stored in the air storage tank; (v) at least one
compression cylinder coupled to, and powered by, the pneumatic actuator; (vi) a source of salt water
that is introduced into the compression chamber(s) of the compression cylinder(s); and (vii) a reverse
osmosis desalination column that is configured to receive pressurized salt water from the
compression cylinder(s) and output desalinated wate

Provided is a carbon nanostructure-metal composite nanoporous film in which a carbon 1

nanostructure-metal composite is coated on one surface or both surfaces of a membrane support
having micro- or nano-sized pores. A method for manufacturing a carbon nanostructure-metal
composite nanoporous film, includes: dispersing a carbon nanostructure-metal composite in a solvent
at the presence of a surfactant and coating the carbon nanostructure-metal composite on one surface
or both surfaces of a membrane support; and fusing the metal on the membrane support by heating
the coated membrane support. The metal in carbon nanostructure-metal composite nanoporous film
melts at a low temperature since a size of a metal of the carbon nanostructure-metal composite is
several nm to several-hundred n
A device for purifying a fluid is disclosed. The aforesaid device comprises: (a) a passage adapted for
conducting a flow of the fluid, said passage provided with input and output openings; (b) a plurality of
elongate members coated with a titanium oxide disposed within the passage; (c) fastening means for
mechanically fixating terminals of the elongate members within the passage; (d) at least one source of
ultraviolet radiation adapted for illuminating the elongate members; (e) pumping means adapted for
generating the fluid flow through the passage from the input opening to the output opening. The
fastening means comprises at least two fasteners. Each fastener comprises two mutually orthogonal
spaced apart pluralities of parallel rods. The rods are adapted for restricting lateral displacement of
the elongate member

There is provided a water purifier in which a display portion can obtain a higher waterproof property
and the workability in manufacturing of the display portion can be improved. In a water purifier which
includes a display portion (10) displaying announcement information, the display portion (10) includes
an indicator (24), a circuit board (22) to which a control circuit controlling the indicator (24) is attached,
and a case (26) which accommodates the indicator (24) and the circuit board (22), the case (26)
includes a case main body (27) which has a cylindrical shape having opening portions at both ends
thereof and is made of a transparent material, and a lid body (28) which liquid-tightly closes a first
opening portion (27a) of the case main body, and a second opening portion (27b) of the case main
body (27) is sealed by a resin (25

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This disclosure embodies a method for ""on the site"" treatment of water which is designed to supply 1
treated water to water coolers without removing the container from the cooler apparatus and this
disclosure also embodies portable apparatus for treating and supplying water to water cooler
containers without removal from their location of us

Apparatus for the purification of liquid, such as water, by exposing the same to ultraviolet lamp,
embodying means forming an annular passageway through which water may flow in surrounding
relation to an electric lamp of a type producing ultraviolet light and ultraviolet light-responsive means
for shutting off the flow of water therethrough in response to a decrease in the intensity of the
ultraviolet light passing through the water when such intensity falls below a predetermined value. The
apparatus includes a protective tube of quartz glass surrounding the ultraviolet lamp and wiper means
movable in response to the turning off and on of the flow of water through the apparatus to wipe the
external surface of the quartz tub

Transition metal complexes are separated from mixtures containing organic components of lower 1
molecular weight by contacting the mixture with one side of a cellulosic membrane. The applied
pressure is greater than the pressure on the opposite side of the membrane and the pressure
differential is greater than the osmotic pressure of the system. The permeate has a reduced
concentration of complex. The membrane is preferably a cellulose acetate membrane. Applied
pressures are from 500 to 2,500 p.s.i.g. and complexes separated may be those of rhodium, nickel,
vanadium and other metals of groups VII A and VIII of the Periodic Table. Organic components may
be hydrocarbons or mixtures from the dimerisation of olefins or from the hydroformylation of propylen

[From equivalent GB1279893A] 1279893 Desalination of water by distillation and reverse osmosis 1
STONE & WEBSTER ENG CORP 2 July 1970 [17 Sept 1969] 32175/70 Headings B1B and B1X
Saline water is desalinated by passing a stream of it to an evaporator and removing distillate
therefrom, passing a second stream of the saline water into heat-exchange relation with vapours
evolved in the evaporator and then, at elevated pressure, to a reverse osmosis system from which
partially-desalinated water is withdrawn, and is combined with the distillate from the evaporator. The
flow rates to the two desalination systems can be adjusted to obtain any desired salt content in the
combined product. In the apparatus shown, sea water is pumped, via lines 10 and 16, through the
condenser tubes 17 of the last stages of a multistage flash evaporator 18, and then divides into two
streams. A minor stream 19 flows through deaerator 20 and then flows into the last flash chamber
whence brine is pumped through condenser tubes and heat exchanger 112 into the first flash
chamber of the evaporator. The major stream 21 is pumped to three-stage reverse osmosis system
38, 48, 80. The waste brine 54 from the first unit 38 drives a hydraulic turbine 56 connected to the
pump 36 for feeding sea water to unit 38, the speed of the turbine being controlled to maintain a
constant pressure (e.g. 900 psig) in the unit by means of controller 60. A major proportion of the
partially desalinated water 40 produced by unit 38, the salinity of which water is automatically
controlled, is pumped to the second unit 48, and the remainder flows to product sump 84. The partially
desalinated product water 74 from unit 48 flows to sump 84; and the brine 76 is pumped to unit 80.
The partially-desalinated product water 74 from unit 48 flows to sump 84; and the brine 76 is pumped
to unit 80. The partially-desalinated product of unit 80 flows to sump 84; and the brine 88 is pumped
back to unit 38 through line, 91. Some of the distilled water 22 produced by the evaporator is mixed
with the product withdrawn from sump 84, and the remainder is passed to deaerator 118 and
highpressure steam generator 26. Some of the pumps are driven by turbines 92, 94, 96, 98, 106
which are supplied with steam from generator 26 via line 99. A turbo generator 100 is also supplied
with steam from line 99 and provides electric power for driving some of the pumps. Exhaust steam
from the turbines and the turbo-generator 100 is supplied through line 103 to the heat-exchanger 112
of the evaporator. A multiple effect evaporator or long tube evaporator may be used in place of a multi-
stage flash evaporator.
A housing having a water pump mounted therein so as to receive water from a reservoir by gravity
flow and supply water to a first container partially filled with activated carbon. A blend of water flowing
directly from the first container and water flowing from the first container through a second container
filled with ion exchanger material is introduced into a third container having an ultraviolet radiating
lamp mounted therein to eliminate bacteria and virus from the water. Water from the third container is
heated or cooled as desired and is then ready for consumption. The various containers and the
reservoir are formed of a low-density plasti

A covering hood for an aquarium tank incorporates water and air pumps, a filter, heater means,
ultraviolet irradiation means, lights and an organic-material-removal device into a two-section
structure wherein the front section is hinged for access to the aquarium. The hood is particularly
adapted to cooperate with a gravel bed filter unit located near the bottom of the aquarium to form
therewith a complete aquarium water treatment and circulation syste

Brackish water is desalinated by contacting it with one or more ion exchange resins followed by 1
reverse osmosis. Brine rejected in reverse osmosis treatment can be used to regenerate a used ion
exchange resi

A collagen membrane is employed as reverse osmosis membrane in desalination of water. The 1

process is particularly applicable to desalination of brackish waters containing substantial amounts of
divalent ion

N/A

A process for treating water swellable cellulosic materials, or mixtures or blends thereof with synthetic
materials, with preformed agents selected from flame retarding agents, biocides, ultraviolet light
absorbing agents, fluorescent brighteners and water proofing agents to provide treated materials
which are fast to aqueous washing and drycleaning, said process comprising contacting said
cellulosic material in any sequence with water in an amount sufficient to swell the cellulose, at least an
effective amount of a preformed treating agent of low water solubility and of the aforesaid type, and a
solvent for said treating agent, said solvent being an ethylene glycol or a polyethylene glycol, e.g.,
diethylene glycol monomethyl ether; being at least partially miscible with water; having a boiling point
above about 150.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure; and being present in an amount sufficient to
maintain swelling of the cellulose if the water is removed, provided that at some stage during the
process the interior of the swollen cellulose is contacted with a solution of the treating agent in
aqueous solvent or solven
A filtration and circulation system for maintaining the water quality in a fish tank favorable for
promoting the production and growth of fish therein and for circulating water therethrough at a rate
designed to provide a high rate of water exchange in the tank. The system includes particulate,
biological and activated charcoal filters serially arranged in pressurized and unpressurized sections
thereof for converting or removing ammonia, waste food and excrement from the water. In addition,
parallel flow paths from these filters through a protein skimmer and an ultraviolet sterilizer section,
respectively, are provided for lower volume treatment of the water being circulated therethroug

N/A 1

A separation process of the reverse osmosis type useful for generating fresh water by forcing salt 1
water against a semi-permeable membrance that allows only pure water to pass, which uses
centrifugal forces created by rotating basket to build up a pressure head of water supplied to the
basket to force water through the membrance. The pure water can be expelled by a nozzle in a
direction to help rotate the basket. The membrance can be in the form of a spiral or layers extending
perpendicular to the axis, to increase the membrane area within a basket of given size. The
membranes can extend radially with respect to the axis of rotation, and supply and removal conduits
can be positioned to continually flow water in an outward radial direction to prevent the build-up of
polarization layers on the membrane surface

A packing composition effective to reduce the pH of alkaline liquids, used as a pretreatment, in 1

association with a reverse osmosis membrane and support in a liquid treatment system, is made of an
encapsulating matrix of polymeric material that is essentially water impermeable at a pH between
about 4.5 and 8 and which becomes significantly water permeable at a pH above about 9, and an
acidulous material which is encapsulated by the matrix at a pH between about 4.5 and 8, and
released progressively from the matrix at a pH above about

This invention relates to improvements in methods of treating, storing and dispensing water and to 1
improvements in systems for treating and storing and dispensing water. The method includes the
steps of storing a quantity of treated water under near atmospheric pressure and adding to that
quantity by forcing untreated water through a selected filter at higher pressure and by dispensing a
portion of that quantity of treated water by increasing the pressure to substantially said higher
pressure. An apparatus is described by which to treat, to store and to dispense water by that and
other methods. The apparatus includes a composite container structure which defines three separate
containers some of which share common walls. The container is associated with valving and fluid flow
circuitry by which raw water is treated until a selected quantity of it has been stored and by which
treated water may be dispensed at raw water pressure and at selected rate by operation of a single
contro
A method of purifying bodies of water in the preferred embodiment of which a reservoir of purified 1
water is prepared from a natural body of water by constructing a prefiltering levee through the water to
segregate the reservoir area from the remainder of the water body, pumping water from the reservoir
area into the remainder, cleaning the floor of the reservoir area if necessary, installing a water
purification unit in the reservoir, and then allowing the water to filter through the levee from the
remainder of the water body into the reservoir for continuous further purification and recirculation by
the installed unit. The water purification unit includes a mixing chamber, a filtering chamber skimming
means for intaking surface water into the mixing chamber, submerged inlets for intaking water into the
mixing chamber from below the water'surface, a pump for passing water from the mixing chamber
through the filtering chamber, and outlet means for passing the filtered water directly back to the
reservoir. The preferred skimming means comprises a mobile skimming gutter to insure a constant
intake of surface water at various reservoir water levels and a submersible pump is preferably
positioned in the mixing chamber to force the mixed water through one or more filter cells provided in
the filtering chamber. The outlet means are preferably disposed to set up recirculation currents using
the earth+s rotation effect, and means are also provided for backwashing the filter cells. To insure that
the pump does not run dry, the submerged inlet flow is preferably float modulated to provide the full
capacity of the pump if the skimmed flow is temporarily reduced. Various purifying chemicals may be
added to the processed water in its passage through the unit, and in a modified form of the invention,
a portion of the purified water is passed back to the remainder of the water body for progressive
purification thereof thereo

The formation of high pressure seals for water equilibrated, hollow fiber membranes is effected by 1
injecting a solution of gelatin around the active membrane area, chilling the solution to solidify the
gelatin and immobilize the water, washing the ends or inactive area of the membrane with warm
water, drying the ends, and casting a seal on the solidified gelatin surface. The gelatin is removed by
heating and washing the fiber

An improved separation system for reclaiming pollutant material from a waste or rinse solution 1
including a solvent separating means and a concentrate valve and valve control means for controlling
the removal of concentrate from the system and maintaining the concentration of the concentrate
solution relatively constant despite a varying feed concentratio

A high quality water purification system for providing water for use under near aseptic conditions such 1
as in hemodialysis including an arrangement whereby water is purified by passing it respectively
through a reverse osmosis bank, a deionizer, and at least one submicron filter in series, with means
for insuring a constant flow of waste water to a drain from the outlet side of the reverse osmosis bank
and means for by-passing water around the deionizer uni

Two-stage water purification apparatus having a cartridge disposed within a housing provided with a 1
removable cap. The cartridge comprises a casing containing activated charcoal, two superposed grid-
like sleeves surrounding the casing, and a diatomaceous earth layer between the two sleeves.
Incoming water circulates from an inlet port in the cap through the outermost sleeve to the interior of
the cartridge, and then out through an outlet port in the ca
With this apparatus ozone gas is automatically applied to contaminated water in a contact tank, and is 1
then transferred to a discharge tank in such manner that contaminated water cannot accidentally pass
from one to the other tank, when the system is on automatic operation. Electrical controls responsive
to sensing means disposed exteriorly of the contact tank, and responsive to predetermined changes
in the weight or level of the water in the contact tank, automatically replenish the supply of ozonated
water in the discharge tank, when necessary. A system is also disclosed for supplying ozone gas to a
system selectively, and one at a time, from one of a plurality of ozone generators to prevent undue
overloading of the generators, but the circuit to pump motor 46' may be temporarily interrupted as
noted hereinafte

A portable purification device for fluids having a filter for filtering fluid and clarifying same, and a 1
purifying apparatus having a tube, a cylinder and a spiral distributor forming a thin, annular, spiraling
flow path for subjecting filtered fluid to germicidal rays to destroy harmful micro-organisms. A pump
pumps a fluid through the filter. A battery and an inverter provide alternating current for a radiation
lamp which is used as a source of germicidal rays. The pump, filter, battery, inverter, and purifying
apparatus are arranged in a common housing to form an integral uni

Storage and dispensing apparatus for a reverse osmosis water purification system includes a storage 1
container or tank, in which purified water is stored, connected to a dispensing valve. The purified
water in this storage tank is separated, as by a pressure transmitting diaphragm or a gradient barrier,
from impure water used as feed for the purification unit and which is normally maintained also in the
storage tank under pressure no greater than slightly above atmospheric for example, 10 psig more or
less. Opening the purified water dispensing valve actuates a diaphragm valve which opens to supply
impure water into the storage tank at an elevated pressure of, for example 40 to 100 psig more or
less, thus pressurizing the purified water in the storage tank to a pressure substantially elevated
above its normal storage pressure for delivery through the dispensing valv

A valve for a water purification system operating by reverse osmosis which combines the functions of 1
a pressure control for the blowdown or brine from the reverse osmosis module, and of a pressure
control for a purified water container; and also acts as a pressure responsive valve to allow elevated
pressure impure water to flow into the purified water container to elevate the pressure of purified
water supplied to a dispensing valve when the dispensing valve is opene

A water purifying device comprising a filter unit having a filter element disposed therein and a purified 1
water discharge tube connected thereto, a directional control valve unit having two water outlet ports
and an externally operable valve ball disposed therein, and a hose communicating one of the water
outlet ports with the filter unit, said directional control valve unit being fixedly mounted on a faucet and
the valve ball being externally operated to alternately open and close the water outlet ports, whereby
city water and purified water can be selectively obtained as desire

A reverse osmosis system comprising a pressure resistant container in which a rotatable membrane 1
element-carrying assembly is mounted. Means for rotating the membrane element-carrying assembly
and means for actuating a pump for pressurizing feed liquor introduced into the pressure resistant
container are operated by human effort, and these means are preferably interconnecte
For use with an adjustable flow faucet including a delivery port and a manually adjustable control 1
valve, a portable disposable water filter comprising a housing having an inlet end portion and an
opposite discharge end portion, and a filtering medium disposed between the end portions and
through which the water must pass in movement from the inlet end portion to the discharge end
portion. The inlet end portion is formed to provide a space for receiving water to be filtered, and this
space is connected to the faucet delivery port. A device for visually indicating when the water pressure
in the said space is at a predetermined level corresponding to the desired flow rate through the
filtering medium is provided. This visual indicating device preferably is proportioned and designed to
exhaust excessive unfiltered water away from the space to reduce the water pressure in the space to
the desired level and/or to maintain it at or below that level. In one embdiment of the invention, the
space above the filtering medium is an open container into which the water to be filtered may be
deposited. In another embodiment, the water is deposited in a collapsible container, and the container
is collapsed to move the water through the filtering mediu

A system of repetitively replenishing a reserve supply in a reservoir of product water discharged from 1
a reverse osmosis module, the input of which is connected to a valve-controlled conventional water
service line and the output of which is in communication with said reservoir and a valve controlled
product dispensing lin

N/A 1

Allyl amine and chemically related compounds are polymerized as thin films in the presence of a 1
plasma discharge. The monomer compound can be polymerized by itself or in the presence of an
additive gas to promote polymerization and act as a carrier. The polymerized films thus produced
show outstanding advantages when used as reverse osmosis membrane

The present invention discloses a novel method for manufacturing porous membranes for 1
hyperfiltration and ultrafiltration by the process of anodizing aluminum to form a layer of porous
aluminum oxide, closing the pores thus formed as necessary to achieve the desired pore diameter,
and removing the aluminum and barrier layer of aluminum oxide by etching to leave only the desired
membrane remainin

Porous sheets of a water insoluble material such as a synthetic fiber coated with a bactericidal 1
substance such as a sparingly soluble halide of a Group IB heavy metal are placed between the
activated carbon layer and outlet of a water purifier. Additional provision of calcium carbonate
granules in the purifier is effective in improving the bactericidal efficienc
A module of a convolute design employing a permselective membrane suitable for use in separating a 1
permeate from a fluid mixture of the general type employing two permselective membranes spaced
from each other by a backing member to provide a first fluid passageway therebetween in which
membrane permeate collects. The module employs a generally-hollow mandrel having a wall
intermediate its length dividing the mandrel into a first compartment and a second compartment with
means for introducing a fluid feed stream to the first compartment and means for removing an effluent
fluid stream from the second mandrel compartment with means defining a second fluid passageway
for presenting the fluid feed to the outside of the two permselective membranes upon the spiral
wrapping of the two membranes about the mandrel. The second passageway is divided into two
juxtapositioned regions, which two regions at a spaced distance from the mandrel are interconnected
to direct flow of the fluid feed from the first region into the second region, with the first region being in
fluid communication with the first compartment of the mandrel so as to receive the incoming fluid feed
and said second region being in fluid communication with the second mandrel compartment through
which the effluent feed stream is removed from the module. The first fluid passageway which has a
spiral configuration in the assembled module may be open at one or both ends, through which
openings the fluid permeate leaves the module in the case of ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis or gas
separation. Where the module of the invention is being employed in dialysis, there will be separate
extraneously-introduced fluid streams to the first and second passageways, respectively, of the
structure and in such event it will be necessary to modify the module to have means for introducing a
fluid stream to one end of the first fluid passageway, from which location the fluid flows through the
passageway in a generally-parallel direction to and exteriorly of the mandrel to the other end of the
module whence it is remove

A canister type container for housing semi-permeable membrane cartridge separation units and which 1
canister comprises an enclosed casing wherein a plurality of the cartridge separation units are
detachably secured to the inner walls of the casing in parallel-series relationship. Circulation means
are provided within the housing for circulating a carrier liquid having a product to be separated
therefrom across the surfaces of the membranes for effecting the separation of the product from the
carrier liqui

An integral cellulosic reverse osmosis membrane having a permeable fabric support is made by a 1
process which comprises casting a concentrated membrane-forming dope and forming a reverse
osmosis membrane on a smooth surface of a permeable casting and membrane support fabric
comprising substantially unsized continuous multiple warp and fill strands of fiber-forming crystalline
organic thermoplastic resin, which fabric has been highly pressed at temperatures and pressures
sufficient to smooth the surfaces of the fabric to a high degree of smoothness and sufficient to
substantially completely close permanently the interstices at the strand intersections while leaving the
pressed fabric permeable to the flow of a fluid such as desalinated wate

In effecting the periodic cleaning of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis type membrane separation 1
units, the procedure is improved and shortened by utilizing a plurality of purgings, or flushings, that
cause water droplets to be blown along in a high speed air stream such that there is a resulting
removal of accumulated solids from a membrane surface. During purging, air is used until
substantially all the water droplets are blown off the membrane surfaces but is not continued until the
membrane starts to dry ou

A unitary device for purifying water and other fluids embodying an annular filter surrounding an 1
elongate tube which in turn surrounds and cooperates with an elongate ultraviolet lamp to form a flow
channel for fluid to be irradiated. Fluid passing through the filter is conveyed through the flow channel
along the length of the lamp to effect sterilization. The lamp is encased in a film of fluorinated ethylene
propylene to prevent buildup of scale and other contamination on the surface of the lamp which would
otherwise reduce transmission of ultraviolet rays to the fluid. The lamp assembly is constructed as a
replaceable unit which is adapted to be mounted in reversed endwise position to accommodate the
device for different types of installation
Regular copolyamides of the formula OOOO PARALLEL PARALLEL PARALLEL PARALLEL -HN- 1
(CH2)x-NH-C-(CH2)y-C-NH-(CH2)x-NH-C-R-C- n WHERE X IS 2 TO 10, Y IS 0 TO 8, R is a divalent
aliphatic or aromatic radical having 1 to 34 carbon atoms, and n is not less than 10, are prepared by
reacting an aliphatic diester with an excess of an aliphatic diamine to form a diamine diamide, and
reacting the diamine diamide intermediate with an aliphatic or aromatic diacid chlorid

A portable domestic water purification and filtration apparatus includes a container for treating water 1
to having a reservoir for storing untreated water and a pump having an inlet connected to pump water
from the bottom of the reservoir and an outlet connected within the container to the inlet of a filter
device also located within the container. The filter device includes an integral outlet spout for
discharging the filtered water over the upper edge of the containe

Hydrophilic polymer membranes useful as semi-permeable membranes or ultrater membranes, are 1

manufactured by forming a film from an aqueous solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and a chitosan
salt and then subjecting the film to an alkali treatmen

An aquarium system is made self contained, even for salt water, by providing it with a sub-gravel filter 1
in series with a carbon filter, and ultra-violet sterilizer and a temperature control unit, and a water
withdrawal and return that insures circular flow in the tank. The system includes a means for
introducing outside air into the filter circulation system, advantageously at a point just prior to
reintroduction of the filtered water to the tank. Capability of the system to provide an environment in
which long-time survival of sensitive fish and invertebrates is made possible by the addition of an air
stripper unit in parallel with the sub-gravel filter. The air stripper and the ultra-violet sterilizer are
specially constructed to enhance the operation of the syste

An apparatus for treating aquarium water to thereby reduce the amount of water contaminants and
microorganisms harmful to the aquarium fauna. A unitary water treatment device is situated in a
generally concealed location along the top of the aquarium frame and is constructed to provide an
interchangeable filter and adjacent heating and sterilizing component

Method for removing a solute from solution, particularly for water desalination, which involves 1
contacting a semi-permeable membrane with the solution, and impressing an alternating electric field
on the contacting surface, the field having a frequency corresponding to the relaxation frequency of
the solut

A method is provided for fabricating separators, particularly thin cell electro-membrane separators 1
used in electrodialysis stacks for the desalination of water. The method includes placing a master
stencil or mask on top of a plastic mesh which is laid out on a rigid backing sheet and pouring
massive amounts of a curable polymer such as silicone rubber through the hole pattern formed in the
stencil. The polymer is then spread out to fill the pattern, the stencil removed and a cover sheet
applied. The polymer is then pressed into the pores of the mesh using a roller applied against the
cover sheet. The sandwich of the mesh and cover and backing sheets is placed into a pile between
metallic sheets, and the pile is compressed during the curing of the polymer. The cover and backing
sheets are then scupped off and the polymer impregnated mesh die cut to produce the required edge
shape and flow hole
This invention provides an arrangement for delivering purified water on demand, which includes a 1
reverse osmosis filter having an inlet for connection to a source of pressurized water, and a purified
water outlet connected to a tank where the purified water enters a bladder. Unpurified water from the
filter is connected to the tank on the outside of the bladder for forcing purified water through a purified
water outlet. This connection also includes a restricted passageway to a drain. A second discharge for
unpurified water from the reverse osmosis filter connects through another restrictor to the drain. The
system is controlled by an actuator which operates a valve to control the flow of unpurified water,
thereby causing the same to force purified water from the tank to the purified water outlet, and a valve
for controlling the flow of inlet water to the reverse osmosis filter, shutting off such flow when the tank
is filled with purified wate

Apparatus is described for purifying waste water or other feed fluid, which includes a stack of 1
membrane packs wherein each pack contains a conduit sheet, a pair of support sheets of filter paper
or the like, each lying against a face of the conduit sheet, and a pair of membranes each lying over a
filter paper sheet. The pack has exit holes, and the filter paper extends up to the exit hole walls and
has a region thereabout which is impregnated with an adhesive which seals the filter paper against
the inflow of concentrate while also holding the filter paper to the conduit sheet and membranes. The
packs are spaced apart by inner and outer gaskets, the radially inner gaskets having central holes
forming a feed pipe for carrying the feed fluid to all the packs. The stack of membrane packs is rapidly
rotated to provide centrifugal forces that help sweep away membrane-plugging material during radial
flow of feed fluid from the feed pipe to the peripheries of the packs, and the exit holes of all of the
packs are formed near their peripheries and are aligned to thereby form a concentrate-carrying
""pipe"" with gaps that receive the concentrat

There is disclosed a treatment of water that greatly reduces the scaling tendency of the water during 1
its subsequent use or processing. The treatment comprises precipitation and separation of the
calcium values of the water as calcium carbonate by the addition of magnesium hydroxide precipitant
thereto, with, as needed, a carbonate source, e.g., carbon dioxide. During subsequent use or
processing, salts dissolved in the water are concentrated in a residual portion thereof and the residual
portion is processed by the addition of calcium hydroxide to precipitate the dissolved magnesium
values from the residual portion and supply the magnesium hydroxide that is employed as the
precipitant in the treatment of the raw water. The treatment can be applied to any of a variety of water
treating processes such as reverse osmosis, distillation, electrodialysis, freezing, vapor compression,
ion exchange, evaporative cooling and/or boiler feed water treatment. All of these processes are
limited in efficiency and equipment design by the concentration of calcium salts in the residual water
which rapidly approach their solubility limits as the water is concentrated, thereby inhibiting further
concentration or forming of scale on the separation equipment during the salt concentration steps of
the treating process. This invention greatly increases the operating efficiency of salt concentration
processes by reading the tendency of the water to form scale during its processin

There is disclosed a process for biological denitrification of nitrate containing waters, particularly
agricultural drain waters, sewage effluents, ground waters and the like by contacting the water with a
solid cellulosic substrate comprised chiefly of paper or paper pulp in the presence of anaerobic
bacteria in an active growth phase to reduce the nitrate content of the water by biological oxidation of
the substrat

A water treatment system having a self-cleaning filter assembly connected to a supply conduit for 1
receiving an effluent and filtering solids from the effluent. The filtered effluent is passed through an
ozone and oxidation assembly and into an ozonizing stage which includes subjecting the effluent to
ultra-sonic waves and an electric current simultaneously for changing the condition and character of
the effluent. The system includes a sterilizing assembly for decontaminating the ozonized effluent,
with a chlorinator desirably chlorinating the effluent prior to discharge of the effluent from the syste
A reverse osmosis apparatus comprises an elongated pressure container housing a plurality of 1
semipermeable membrane cartridges in end-to-end relationship. A separate tap from the product
water collector of the semipermeable membrane cartridge or cartridges nearest the inlet of the
pressure container for introduction of pressurized feed liquid, produces a high quality water product. A
tap from the product water collector of the remainder of the semipermeable cartridges in the pressure
container produces a lower quality water product. A minor amount of high quality product water and a
major amount of lower quality product water may readily be produced. The process and apparatus
may advantageously be employed in the second or subsequent or final step of a multistage process
for converting sea water to potable wate

A water filtration unit for use in locations close to a pressurized source of raw water, the unit including 1
a molded plastic base and cover and containing a water filtering module and a raw water tap
connection and hose connection between the tap connection and the filtering module and a hose
connection from the filtering module and a vessel to be filled with filtered water. The hose connections
are secured to the base of the unit and the tap connection rests in a sterilizing tank filled with water in
which a sterilizing fluid such as liquid chlorine, (domestic bleach) or the like are included. The tank is
filled in the base of the unit to prevent the passage of air to the filtering module, and bacteria
contamination of the connections when not in use. The base of the unit has means for ready mounting
and the cover is hinge-mounted on the base on one vertical side or the other, depending on the
location and access to the unit. The filtering module has an upper capped inlet whereby cleaning and
testing compounds can be inserted and a drain from the filtering module which attaches to a tap and
includes a needle valve which is adjustable to control the flow through the drain. The flow of filtered
water and the flow of water through the drain are approximately the sam

A system is described for rapid disinfection of contaminated water particularly for use in post-mix 1
carbonated beverage systems. The major components of the system include sequentially a water
supply, carbonator pump, injector device, carbonator and dispenser. Moreover, as optional
components, a reservoir and filter may be incorporated in the system between the carbonator and
dispenser for safety factor purposes. The system allows the introduction of chlorine into an available
water supply line immediately before, or during carbonation, thereby reducing or eliminating the
conversion of the chlorine present in the system to less active compounds. The system of carbonating
the water results in chemically lowering the pH from alkaline (> pH of 7.0) through neutral (pH 7.0) to
acidic (< pH of 7.0) thus affording the sytem of a more rapid and effective kill of pathogenic micro-
organisms upon a controlled and effective injection of a liquid disinfectant, such as sodium
hypochlorite, which may be used as the source of chlorine for the system. By introducing the liquid
disinfectant at an acidic pH, a more instantaneous kill results without the necessity of using either an
excessive quantity of disinfectant (chlorine) or large and expensive residence chambers requiring long
residence times. The improved post-mix system provides dependable performance when used in
conjunction with different water conditions throughout the world and permits the disinfected
carbonated water to be dispensed along with a beverage syrup to produce a high quality carbonated
beverag

A bath water treating system in which even highly resistant germs may be destroyed by treating the 1
bath water with ozone and a halogen compound such as bromine or hydrobromic acid to establish a
redox potential in excess of 600 mV. The bath water is recycled through a quartz type filter loaded
with a composite filtering medium. The filtering medium comprises two superposed layers, a lower
layer consisting of a mixture of filter gravel and mineralized charcoal, and an upper layer of activated
charcoal. A halogen or halogen compound is absorbed in the charcoal layer. An ozone generator is
mounted within the filter housing. The bath-tub assembly comprises a cabinet in which are mounted a
bath-tub, a filtering and degerminating unit and the respective accessories and controls. The ozonizer
is removably mounted within the filter housing and includes a mixing chamber and check valve

A bottle for treating water by passing water through a treatment cartridge in the top of the bottle, the 1
cartridge containing for example activated charcoal to remove chlorine and/or cationic resin to soften
the water. The water in the bottle is pressurized by means of a spring-urged slidably sealed piston or
manually operated pump or the like, and a valve manually operable from the exterior of the bottle
regulates the flow rate of the discharge of the water from the bottl
Apparatus for purifying water comprising a fitting for installation in a water line to define a primary 1
water flow path. A Venturi tube is mounted in the fitting and positioned in the primary water flow path.
A secondary water flow path is established between the fitting at either end of the Venturi tube and the
inlet of a tank connected to the fitting. The tank houses a container having an outlet communicating
with the primary water flow path which contains a bed of elemental iodine crystals. The Venturi
creates a pressure differential forcing a small portion of the water in the water line to flow through the
bed of iodine crystals in the container and then be returned to the water lin

The portable water filtration device may be made in various ways. In some embodiments, the 1
reservoir is formed in a seal-tight housing and the water is pumped by means of an air pump through
a filter located within the reservoir and thereafter passed through a spout. In another embodiment,
use is made of a blender with the water being forced by an impeller from within a lower compartment
of the blender jar into a filter and thereafter out a spout on the filter. Other pump means may also be
used to pump the water through a filter and out an outlet from a closed reservoir. Sterilizing means
may also be provided in the various embodiments to sterilize the water prior to filtration. Also, the
water being treated may be recycled to increase the time of treatmen

A method of providing a continuous available supply of physiologically safe water for use in fluid 1
therapy by providing a sub-micron filter to remove bacteria at the source, and by continuously treating
the water with ultraviolet light at a frequency range and dosage sufficient to destroy substantially all
pyrogenicity and organisms, such as viruses, that are not retained by the filte

A coating modification process is provided for use in ultrafiltration systems to improve the adherence 1
of porous coatings of preformed, aggregated, inorganic metal oxide particles, to substrates,
particularly those comprised of hollow tubular porous carbon members. The process involves
exposure of the coated members, during the initial treatment to water vapor at specific humidity,
temperature and times. The ultrafiltration systems so treated are particularly well-suited for prolonged
use in the concentration and separation of oil from mixtures of oil, water and detergents, the recovery
of polyvinylalcohol from textile wastes, and other useful application

Permselective membranes are prepared by crosslinking synthetic organic polyamides or 1

polyhydrazides having -CO2H groups and/or -SO3H groups with a salt of metal selected from the
class consisting of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, aluminum group metals and lead group
metal

Waste water containing synthetic detergents (syndets) such as water soluble sulfonates or 1
ethoxylated alcohols is reclaimed for re-use by emulsifying with a water insoluble, high molecular
weight, anionic surface active oil, then breaking the emulsion by conventional physical or chemical
methods, thereby producing a coherent floc which occludes the syndet and all insoluble matter
suspended in the water, then separating the floc from the purified water in a coherent mas
A novel filtration system for purifying a relatively small volume of water, and especially for removing 1
objectionable tastes and odors from drinking water. An inverted container of the water to be purified is
supported above a filter which in turn is supported above a bottom container for receiving the effluent
from the filter. The upper container is provided with an outlet tube which extends into the filter and is
provided with means for regulating the flow of water to the filter. The filter holds a disposable filter
medium in the form of a thin ""sandwich"" of two outer sheets of readily permeable material and a thin
inner layer of activated carbon particles disposed uniformly between the two outer sheets. In
operation, water flows from the upper container through the filter into the bottom container, the rate of
flow of water from the upper container being controlled automatically by the level of water in the filter.
A simple and inexpensive process for purifying a relatively small volume of water, and which is
especially suitable for a one-time use of the disposable filter medium component, is thus provide

Water is purified by reverse osmosis using a semi-permeable membrane supported by the outer 1
surface of an extruded tube of water-permeable rigid p.v.c. so that impure water is recovered from the
bore of the tube, the p.v.c. having an apparent density of from 0.5 to 1.3 g/cc, and an average pore
diameter of from 5 to 500 microns, at least 50% of the pores being interconnected and 95 to 99.5% of
the pores in the tube being accessible from the inner or outer surface thereof, the tube having 1 to 10
holes/mm2 on the outer surface thereof, and having no surface holes larger than 400 microns in
diameter and external diameter of from 1.5mm to 8mm and having a wall thickness of at least 0.5m

A portable water container for holding water treated by reverse osmosis water purification, which 1
container rests on a base. The base has a recess in which a reverse osmosis unit is laid, with water
connecting means for supplying water to the portable water container and for providing an overflow.
The reverse osmosis unit can be quickly and easily removed from the base by merely lifting the
osmosis unit from the recess and pulling stopper type end connectors from the ends thereof. The
walls of the recessed portion of the base restrains movement of the stopper end connectors from the
osmosis units during use. Also a unique reverse osmosis unit is used that has activated carbon
impregnated paper therein through which the water passes providing further water treatmen

Semipermeable membranes useful in reverse osmosis and a process of preparing them comprising 1
deacetylating naturally occurring chitin to produce chitosan, making a film of chitosan salt from an acid
diluted aqueous solution of the chitosan, converting the film of chitosan salt to a film of chitosan
having free amino groups by neutralizing the acid groups, and then subjecting the film of chitosan to a
chemical treatment with an organic acid, by which to convert the chitosan to the acetylated form,
having a degree of acetylation from about 0.3 to 0.8, to produce the reverse osmotic membrane

A method of improving the operation of backwashable fixed beds formed of granular materials and 1
used during purification of waste water of sewage or during water treatment, wherein the fixed bed is
conditioned during a last step of the backwashing operation by filling the fixed bed with a liquid for a
predetermined time duration. The liquid contains distributed as uniformly as possible therein at least
one substance which in the presence of a catalytically triggered decomposition reaction gives off a
gaseous component and thereafter the liquid to be treated is filtere

Treating water with various grades of attapulgite clay and sepiolite using contacting or percolation 1
techniques removes substances not removable by standard water purification methods under may
conditions. Substances such as pesticides, toxins, hormones, heavy metal cations and viruses are
removed from water by adsorption upon the clay surface. When contacting is employed, the clay
containing the adsorbed substances is subsequently removed by sedimentation or filtration. The clays
can be regenerated by appropriate chemical or thermal technique
Reverse osmosis desalination apparatus may comprise: a casing member placed in a well hole drilled 1
therefor and having near the surface thereof an inlet through which salt water may be introduced from
a salt water source; a conductor member centrally disposed within the casing member leaving a first
annular space therebetween; a tubular reservoir member centrally disposed within the conductor
member leaving a second annular space therebetween; and a permeator assembly attached to the
lower end of said conductor member and having osmotic membranes therein responsive to
predetermined differential pressures thereacross for separating the salt water into saltfree water and
concentrated salt water. The method includes the steps of: pumping salt water from the salt water
source through the inlet into the first annular space for flow through the permeator assembly, he
hydrostatic head of salt water in the first annular space being sufficient to produce the required
predetermined differential pressure across the osmotic membranes; allowing the concentrated salt
water, separated by the permeator assembly, to exit the well through the conductor member for
disposal thereof; and removing the salt-free water, separated by the permeator assembly, from the
well for use thereo

A desalination process system combining electro-dialysis, reverse osmosis and brine concentration 1
with by-product recover

A water purification system having a pre-filter, a series of germicidal radiation chamber filter units 1
alternating with a series of mechanical filter units and having a flow measuring device affixed to the
output part of a final mechanical filtering unit. The rate of flow through the series of alternating
germicidal and mechanical filtering units being measured by the flow measuring device and in turn
controlled by an electrically operated valve so as to keep the rate of flow, of water being purified,
through the series of alternating germicidal and mechanical filters at some predetermined and optimal
setting with respect to the efficaciousness of the germicidal filter

A portable water filter has a first cylindrical container for holding a quantity of liquid to be treated. 1
Included in the filter is a water filter cartridge which is mounted with respect to the first container for
treating liquid which is pumped through the filtering material within the cartridge. A second container is
coupled to the cartridge and arranged to receive the liquid pumped through the cartridge from the first
container. The arrangement is such as to permit manual pumping of the liquid from that first container
through the cartridge into the second container. Desirably, the pumping action is achieved by
telescopingly inserting the second container within the first container. In addition to its direct treatment
of the liquid, the filtering material serves to remove undesired color, taste and odor induced by a
disinfectant or bactericidal agent used with the syste

A filtration and purification apparatus for use in water lines of both domestic and industrial 1
applications, wherein water must be purified and filtered prior to use--particularly with respect to
human consumption thereof. The filter/purifier comprises a housing having an inlet port which
discharges into a filter chamber, wherein the incoming water passes through a filter member into an
adjacent metering compartment which controls the flow of water both through an outlet port and a
communicating purifying chamber, the purifying chamber including a predetermined amount of iodine
crystals stored therein. Water enters the purifying chamber from the metering compartment and
discharges into a mixing compartment which is interposed between the purifying chamber and the
outlet port, and the metering compartment and the outlet port, wherein the iodine-treated water is
mixed with the filtered water that passes through a flow-control port disposed between the mixing
compartment and the metering compartment, thereby allowing filtered and purified water to pass
through the outlet port for us
Method and apparatus utilizing successive reverse osmosis stages to produce highly purified water 1
from potable water in a manner particularly suitable for use in a coin operated vending machine. The
flow rates in the reverse osmosis stages are matched so that no storage tank is required between
them. Operation of the purification stages is controlled by the level of purified water in a reservoir from
which it is dispensed, and the level is automatically maintained within a predetermined range. A sump
pan is mounted under the remainder of the machine to catch spillage, accidental overflow from the
reservoir and the reject (brine) flow from the reverse osmosis stages, a sump pump is automatically
actuated when the water reaches a predetermined level in the sump pan, and a valve at the feed
water inlet is closed automatically in the event that the water level gets too high in either the reservoir
or the sump pan. The machine will not accept coins in the event that the water in the reservoir drops
to a predetermined level or fails to meet a desired standard of purity, and means is included for
adding minerals to the purified water dispensed, if desire

A water purification unit particularly adapted for household use, and for operation at high pressures, 1
including two main co-operating parts forming a chamber, with a seal positioned between such parts,
and a cap compressing the seal and holding the two parts together. The interior of the chamber can
contain one or more filtering elements such as a particulate matter filter, a carbon filter or a reverse
osmosis filter. To withstand high internal pressures without leakage or damage, mechanical
connections are provided within the chamber to form a further positive connection between the two
main parts forming the chamber, so as to maintain such filter elements in position within the chamber.
A water purification system particularly suitable for household use is provided, incorporating the above
unit, wherein tap water is fed to the unit and purified outlet product water is discharged and introduced
drop by drop into an open container, affording an aerated storage reservoir of purified water ready for
use, and including water overflow means from such container to an outlet drain, the waste water from
the water purification unit being also discharged to such drai

Ground water which is high in impurity content such as silica, hardness, sulfates, alkalinity, etc., may 1
be made potable by treating the water with thermal ion exchange desalination resins and a reverse
osmosis system. The heat which is present in the ground water is utilized to thermally regenerate the
ion exchange resi

Sea water is purified by reverse osmosis in an offshore installation wherein sea water is withdrawn 1
from the sea by a low pressure pump and passed through plural-stage physical filters having
decreasing degrees of porosity to remove suspended particles and colloids from the sea water. The
thus filtered sea water is then fed by a high pressure pump, at a controlled pressure above the
osmotic pressure of the sea water to a reverse osmosis module, wherein a portion of the sea water
permeates through a semi-permeable membrane of the module to form purified potable water, and
wherein the remaining sea water, having the dissolved salt concentration thereof increased, is
discharged back to the sea. The reverse osmosis module is operated such that the conversion level,
measured in percent and equal to the volume of purified water divided by the volume of sea water fed
to the module, is maintained below a maximum value to prevent the formation on the semi-permeable
membrane of the module of sulfates and carbonate

An economical and commercially practical reverse-osmosis water purifier system which has no back 1
pressure acting against the semipermeable membrane, so that the filtering rate is maximized.
Furthermore, the supply of tap water to the system is shut off automatically as soon as the pure water
storage tank is full, use of water thus being greatly reduced. These, and other major advantages, are
achieved despite the fact that there is only a single tube extending to the faucet, automatic ice-maker,
refrigerated drinking fountain or other point of use. The system uses rugged, long-lasting and
economical diaphragm valves, which eliminates the need for sliding seals. Thus, it becomes highly
practical to injection-mold the valves of plastic. The long-standing major problem of plugging or fouling
of the constricted outlet for waste water is eliminated at low cost and with very little use of water. What
water is used provides not only cleaning of the constriction region but also a partial flushing of the
filter membrane. These results are achieved by means of a self-cleaning constrictor valve having a
predetermined flow area which may be made as small as the manufacturer desires. In one
embodiment, a valve is provided to automatically stop the outflow of squeeze water while the faucet is
in open condition. This saves additional water and also makes it possible to build up a relatively high
pure-water pressure even when the inlet pressure is less than averag
Apparatus for contacting contaminated water with ultra-violet light to eliminate potentially harmful
organisms as well as to provide air cooling necessary for efficient operation of the UV lamp and
simultaneous production of ozone in the apparatus for secondary disinfection of the water, the water
after treatment by the ultraviolet light being discharged into a water storage tank, and the irradiated air
that contains the ozone being discharged into the tank into contact with the water for carrying out the
secondary disinfectio

Water may be purified through the utilization of ultraviolet light and ozone so as to obtain some
residual ozone in the water treated by passing a mixture of water and air or air and ozone through a
nozzle which concurrently compresses the mixture and breaks up any gas bubbles within the mixture
into what may be loosely referred to as a radiation housing or chamber. The housing is a hollow,
cylindrical chamber located around an elongated tubular lamp for producing actinic light such as
ultraviolet light. The mixture is introduced into this chamber in a substantially tangential manner so as
to swirl around the interior chamber in passing from the inlet of the chamber where the nozzle is
located to the outlet of the chamber at the other end of the chambe

A filter cartridge for use in filters, for example, water filters, includes an inlet for water to be purified 1
and an outlet for filtered water. Partitions within the cartridge define an elongated, tortuous water flow
path between the inlet and outlet. Filter pads and activated carbon, or another suitable absorbent
material, is disposed in the flow path. The cartridge of the present invention provides effective odor
and taste filtering of the water because the water passes over a large area of filter surface as it travels
from the inlet to the outle

An activated oxygen product produced by irradiating oxygen with electromagnetic radiation of

wavelength less than 200 nanometers, and having an unusually high oxidation potential and unique
spectral properties. The product may be used to treat water in order to reduce surface tension, oxidize
wastes, reduce manganous ion concentration, and disinfect water without creating carcinogen

A reverse osmosis water purifying device is provided with a flush water restrictor which serves to 1
provide a suitable back pressure on the reverse osmosis membrane in order to affect the purification
process. The device is designed for attachment to any source of pressurized water. The restrictor
device consists of a capillary tube sized to provide a suitable ratio of flush water to purified water. A
ball-type check valve surrounds the capillary tube at its point of exit and the ball valve may be
dislodged in order to flush the membrane. The core of the membrane assembly is filled with activated
charcoal in order to provide for a more efficient and complete purificatio

A method and apparatus for the purification of water with ozone and ultraviolet radiation. Oxygen-
containing gas, such as air, is directed to flow in a confined path past an untraviolet radiation source,
such as a mercury vapor lamp. The absorption of ultraviolet radiation by oxygen produces ozone
which is entrained in the flowing gas. The gas is next mixed with the contaminated water and the
mixture of water and ozone is then directed past the same ultraviolet source in a path isolated from
the confined path of gas alone. The ozone in the water acts directly to kill bacteria and viruses and to
oxidize undersirable compounds in the water. The ultraviolet radiation also acts directly to kill bacteria
and viruses in the water. Additionally the ultraviolet radiation acts as a catalyst for the disinfecting and
oxidizing action of the ozone, so that water purification occurs much faster than would occur if the
ozone were acting alon
A low pressure, low temperature, solar powered evaporating-condensation system to provide
relatively large scale conversion of brackish and seawater to fresh water, utilizes a solar radiation
frequency selective material covered evaporation chamber, a throat connected elevated condenser
containing energy transferring devices for vapor volume reduction to form a condensate which flows
through a water-locked barometric leg to maintain the system at the sub-atmospheric pressure. The
system is regenerative and includes means whereby the energy removed from the vapor during
condensation is returned to the evaporating chamber and is again utilized in the cycle. Egress valves
and locks are provided to maintain balanced flower of raw water, condensate and ejection of
residuals. Suitable elevation of the condenser above the evaporator would provide for power
generatio

Semipermeable membranes useful in membrane separation processes are formed from a hydrophilic 1
polyamide which is a block copolymer of nylon and a poly(dioxa-amide) such as poly(4,7-
dioxadecamethylene adipamide

Apparatus is described for purifying or desalinating relatively small quantities of water using one or a 1
few membrane units with relatively modest power requirements. The apparatus uses a pump, an
eductor or a combination of both in recirculating a portion of the feed water through a reverse osmosis
membrane assembly. The method includes recirculating a portion of the feed water through the
membrane assembly and discharging a portion of the recirculated feed water from the syste

A process for preparing a semipermeable membrane, which comprises contacting a thin polyamine 1
film applied to a liquid-permeable microporous substrate with a polyalicyclic diisocyanate or
polyalicyclic dicarbonyl halide capable of reacting with the amino or imino groups in the polyamine,
thereby to crosslink the polyamine at the surface portion of the thin fil

This device is an atmospheric water collector and collects water from the atmosphere by providing a 1
portable cabinet in which the entire apparatus is located, needing only a source of electricity. A
dehumidifier is located in an upper compartment separated by a horizontal partition from a lower
compartment. In the upper compartment, two opposite walls are perforated to provide access of new
moisture carrying air to circulate about the dehumidifier, and a water discharge spout is also located
above the horizontal partition, but is outside the dehumidifier compartment. A water feed conduit from
the dehumidifier leads to a water collecting tank in the lower compartment, passing through a water
filter on its way. An ultra-violet light bulb sterilizes the water in the tank. A water level control in the
collecting tank controls the operation of the dehumidifier. A water pump controlled by a combination
water discharge spout and pump switch pumps the water to the spout, up through a check valve and
another filter. A complete electric refrigerator is also included with the cabinet for keeping the water
cool and drinkabl

A composite membrane structure is used in a distillation apparatus and method. The composite 1
membrane separates a distilland and a distillate, such as salt water and fresh water. The composite
membrane comprises a thin lyophobic microporous layer or membrane and a thin lyophilic layer or
membrane. Evaporation and condensation takes place within the micropores of the lyophobic
membrane. The lyophilic layer prevents intrusion of distilland into the pores of the lyophobic laye
An apparatus for the treatment of water. A water filter is mated with a housing base and cover to form 1
an integral unit to treat water. A valve connected to a water faucet diverts the flow of water from the
tap through a filter inlet tube, through the filter and back to the valve via a filter discharge tube. A
second position on the valve permits the water flow from the faucet to by-pass the treatment filter. The
replaceable filter has indicator means to visually indicate whether or not satisfactory flow is being
maintained through the unit and whether or not the filter should be change

Water may be treated so as to kill microorganisms and so as to oxidize oxidizable material within it by
passing a thin film of water in contact with a gaseous body or bubble of air containing both oxygen
and ozone while concurrently radiating both the water film and the gas bubble with ultraviolet radiation
capable of causing the formation of ozone and killing microorganisms. The water which has been in
contact with the gas bubble is collected into a body of water which is thereafter radiated with the same
ultraviolet radiation while the water within the body is moved turbulently. This treatment can
conveniently be carried out utilizing two containers transparent to the radiation used which are
connected at their bottoms. Such containers are preferably located immediately adjacent to an
ultraviolet lamp used as the source of the radiatio

A low pressure, high flux water purification system. In a continuous loop recirculation system metal 1
hydroxides are employed to bind impurities in wastewater into particles of a size greater than ten
angstroms which are then separated from the water by means of an ultrafiltration membrane. A large
metal hydroxide/impurity ratio is maintained thereby permitting a purified water flux of over 30 gfd
using filter tubes of diameter greater than 100 mils and length greater than 6 inches under a
wastewater pressure as low as 9 psig. The filter tubes are grouped in bundles, each bundle within its
own water collecting box, so that system down time is minimized and purification standards may be
maintained in the event of a partial failure of the syste

The rejection flow from a water ultrafiltration system is passed through a filtration means for removal 1
of bacteria, viri, pyrogens, and colloids, the effluent of which is reintroduced into the affluent presented
to the ultrafiltration surface. Treatment of the refjection flow prior to ultrafiltration after removal of
bacteria, viri, pyrogens, and colloids may include carbon filtration followed by ion exchange treatmen

A water purifier having its principal utility in medical, biological and chemical laboratories comprising a 1
housing having a water inlet and three water outlets and containing a charcoal layer which strips the
water of absorbed and non-ionized dissolved impurities, and an ion-exchange resin layer which strips
the water of ionized dissolved impurities, and a submicron pore size filter membrane which strips the
water of bacteria and other solid impurities, two of the three water outlets being for withdrawing water
from the housing after it has passed through the aforesaid layers and the membrane, and the third of
the three water outlets being for withdrawing water from the housing after it has passed through the
aforesaid layers not through the membrane. The purifier further includes a water reservoir and a
pump for pumping water from the reservoir through the inlet opening into the housing, the water from
the third outlet opening and from one of the other two outlet openings being cycled back to the
reservoir for recycling through the housing until the ionized impurity content of the water has been
reduced to the extent desired, there being means for measuring such impurity in the water cycled
back to the reservoir. The other of the two outlets for the water which has passed through the layers
and the membrane is connected to a conduit which leads to a dispensing outlet for the purified water,
valve means being provided for opening this conduit and for closing the conduit which leads the
filtered water back to the reservoir when the impurity content has been reduced to the level desire
The present invention provides a process for preparing microporous hollow fibers by solvent 1
stretching a non-porous hollow precursor fiber having a controlled degree of molecular orientation as
measured by birefringence. Control of the precursor fiber orientation, yields a microporous hollow
fiber having an improved balance of mechanical strength and permeabilit

A semipermeable membrane composed of a water-insoluble, cross-linked, membrane-forming 1

polymer (hereinafter referred to as ""polymer (II)"") which is obtained by partially converting the
hydroxyl groups of a polymer represented by the following formula (hereinafter referred to as
""polymer (I)""): (I) wherein R and R' are halogen, nitro, methyl or ethyl, X stands for a divalent
group selected from methylene, ethylene, isopropylidene, ether (-O-), carbonyl (-CO-), sulfide (-S-),
sulfoxide (-SO-) and sulfone (-SO2-), l and m are integers of from 0 to 4, p is 0 or 1, and n is an
integer of from 100 to 1000, to sulfuric acid groups or alkali metal, ammonium or nitrogen-containing
basic organic compound salts thereof, and then cross-linking the ""polymer (II)"

A batch water treatment system is provided in which ozone is the reactive agent. The system includes
a holding tank containing untreated water in communication with a reaction tank in which ozone is
dispersed under pressure through a plurality of foraminous diffusers which are connected to a
modular ozone generator. Impurities contained in the water are oxidized or broken down by the ozone
into forms capable of filtration, and as this treatment process progresses the water is circulated
through a conduit to a monitor which measures the level of impurities in the water. Once a
predetermined proportion of impurities are broken down and filtered from the system, the monitor
automatically activates a drain line to evacuate the reaction tank of the treated water and then refills it
with more untreated water from the holding tank to repeat the proces

The portable water purifier comprises a rotary filtering vessel which is surrounded by a compartment 1
designed to collect the water filtered through the lateral wall of the filtering vessel, this vessel being
rotatably mounted on its axis of revolution. It also comprises a rotary drive member whose output
shaft is made fastened to the rotary filtering vessel and a flow pipe for the filtered water which
communicates with the outside and with the bottom of the compartment for collecting the filtered
water, and a container for the water to be filtered including means enabling the water to be passed
into the rotary vesse

A water dispenser provided with a synchronous supply water valve system to control the simultaneous
flow of water into and from the dispenser and further provided with a water purifier and an ultraviolet
tank to provide purified and sterilized water for us

Salt water and other solutions are accelerated in a rotating structure and applied to a cannister 1
containing reverse osmosis membrane material. The desalinated water is removed after passing
through the large surface area concentration of membrane material in the cannister. The enriched
brine is removed from the cannister at a point furthest from the axis of the rotating structure and
returned to the vicinity of the axis to prevent the buildup of dense material. The membrane material is
configured in the cannister so that the flow is generally radially with respect to the axis of the rotating
structur
A device for producing fresh water from salt sea water by utilizing the hydrodynamic energy of waves, 1
comprising a buoyant platform; means for mooring the platform; a pump connected to the mooring
means; a reservoir for pressurized sea water; a desalination system for extracting fresh water from
the sea water; hydraulic flow control means for causing the pump to pump sea water into the sea
water reservoir, as motion of the buoyant platform is produced due to the passing of waves beneath it;
measuring means for measuring parameters of the sea adjacent the buoyant platform; and a control
device connected to control the pressure in the sea water reservoir and the flow of sea water from the
reservoir through the desalination system in response to the parameters of the se

An ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection system for fluids which includes apparatus for sensing 1
selected operating characteristics such as physical characteristics of the fluid to be disinfected or
sterilized and the operating conditions of the ultraviolet sources proportioning these variable and
generally non-linear parameters and modifying such factors as fluid flow, ultraviolet energy imparted
to the fluid to insure destruction of selected organisms without the use of excessive energy. Control
may also be provided for the admission of selected quantities of disinfecting chemicals such as
chlorine to the flui

Water from a source is fed to a reverse osmosis unit having a membrane which divides the stream 1
into a first permeate product and a first concentrate. The first permeate product is stored in a tank until
a selected quantity is collected and then the source is disconnected from the pump which next
delivers water from the tank to the reverse osmosis unit to divide the stream into a second permeate
product and a second concentrate. In one version of the equipment the second permeate is
processed by a different membrane than that producing the first permeate. In another version, the
same membrane is used, the second permeate product is stored, and the second permeate product is
later run through the reverse osmosis unit to produce a third permeate product and a third
concentrate. A further version, especially applicable to processing other water sources intruded by sea
water, is somewhat like the first version except only one membrane is used and a second permeate
product is added to a first permeate product in a storage tank until a product of a satisfactory level of
salinity is reached. The addition of the second permeate to the first permeate may be thought of as a
dilution step in processing. In all versions of the system, only a single pump is used to convey and
pressurize the liquids. Control of some tank-filling and tank-emptying operations is achieved by use of
float-operated switches and time-delay units are associated with those switches in order to eliminate
effects of sloshing on the switche

An electromagnetic ground water conditioning system and sampling device comprising a holding tank,
a pump, filters and timers to regulate the time and duration of blowout of settled solids at the bottom of
the tank. The electromagnetic water conditioning unit is that disclosed and claimed in my allowed
patent application Ser. No. 153,219 filed May 27, 1980, entitled Free Flow Non-Corrosive Water
Treatment Device, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,288,323. A blowout valve at the bottom of the tank is solenoid
operated and regulated to discharge a small liquid volume of settled solids. One timer is a 24-hour
timer to set the blowdown start, the other is a 30-minute timer which sets the duration of the
blowdown. For ground water or sewage water or industrial waste water a 2-hour setting on the 24-
hour timer and a 10-second setting on the 60-second timer is preferred. The amount blown out is 1/10
gallon. This assembly and system is especially useful for sampling and monitoring industrial waste
water, or industrial effluent, for preparing makeup water for fermentation and non-chemical
sterilization and for the treatment of ground water containing toxic heavy metals in solution by
hydrogen sulfide alon

In apparatus for the reverse osmosis purification of water or other fluid in a module containing a 1
membrane, the water is forced into the module under pressure using two piston-cylinder assemblies
mechanically interconnected with the pressurized fluid from the module applied to the rear face of the
piston which, from its front face, is driving water into the module, a low pressure continuously
operating pump providing a low pressure on the other piston to supply the necessary extra pressure.
Valve means automatically reverse the functions of the two cylinders at each end of each stroke. This
arrangement obviates any need for a mechanical drive to the pistons of the piston-cylinder assemblie
A method is provided which comprises, adding to the liquid a filtering aid effective amount of a filter 1
aid material consisting essentially of particulate expanded polymer formed by comminuting polymeric
foam to eliminate substantially all closed cells of said foam and grading to a desired average particle
size range smaller than 100 mesh and larger than about 700 mesh, and filtering the resulting liquid
mixture through a filter mediu

In a cartridge for removal of impurities from water, an elongated tube is charged, between water- 1
permeable barriers, with ion exchange resin of a type capable of removal of bacteria from water.
Outside one such barrier, an inlet cap is charged with water-soluble bactericide in a shelf-stable,
water-activatable form. Preferably, the bactericide is sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid, in
granular for

Water may be purified by passage through a filter of thickness 2 cm to 1 m composed from fibers 1
obtained from a melt of composition about 80% diabase mineral and about 20% lime, at least 90% of
the fibers having a diameter below 15 microns, the fiber solids content of the material being at most
20% of the volume at a flow rate above 10 meters per hour to remove suspended particle

Inorganic salts are removed from an unpotable water stream, which contains suspended living 1
microorganisms and their debris products, particularly seawater or agricultural field drainage water.
Chemicals such as caustic soda and/or chlorine, and derivatives therefrom, sterilize the water and
remove from it certain dissolved and suspended constituents. From the sterilized water is separated a
more concentrated stream of waste brine containing debris and other suspended materials, and most
of the dissolved sodium chloride. From the remaining portion of the water is separated a more
concentrated stream of sodium chloride, which is electrolized to provide a source of caustic soda,
chlorine, and derivatives therefrom; the less concentrated portion is recovered as a source of potable
wate

A gravity fed water treatment apparatus for drinking water removes chlorine, chlorides and other 1
organic compounds by gravity feeding the water from one container to another at a controlled flow
rate through activated carbon particle

The treatment of raw water, particularly the desalination of waste or other water with a high salt 1
content, is accomplished by means of a process which includes two membrane separation steps
performed in concentrate sequence. The concentrate from the second membrane separation step is
further treated by means of a thermal concentrating procedure. The water to be processed is first
treated to minimize the formation of scale during the first membrane separation step and the
concentrate from the first membrane separation step is similarly treated. The overall process also
includes the production of materials necessary for reconditioning ion exchange apparatus employed
for raw water conditioning and concentrate treatmen
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the purification of water by ultraviolet radiation. A
pipe traversed by the liquid to be purified contains an ultraviolet lamp and an electrovalve electrically
connected in series with the lamp and placed upstream of the latter. The resistance of the electrovalve
is substantially equal to the load impedance of the lamp, the assembly being supplied with power by a
solar collector. Application to the purification of wate

An apparatus for producing drinking water from bacteria contaminated cold water is provided. The 1
cold contaminated water is placed into a flexible collector having a sub-micron porous filter in the
bottom. When the flexible collector is squeezed, the pressure forces the contaminated water through
the filter and into a holding chamber. The drinkable filtered water is removed from the holding
chamber through a sterile exit openin

A water purifying system unit that is portable, fabricated of durable parts and makes provision for 1
storage of basic survival needs in addition to water. A double chamber unit with bag and filter with
separating filter and storage compartment provides three stage filtration of water. An appropriate
mouthpiece makes drinking directly from the unit possibl

A water treatment process for removing turbidity-causing impurities from water which involves 1
contacting water containing such impurities with a relatively small amount of filter aid material, e.g.,
diatomaceous earth, for a time sufficient for impurities in the water to become adsorbed on said filter
aid material, passing the water containing the filter aid material with impurities adsorbed thereon
through a pre-filter having a flow rate of two liters/min./sq. m., or greater, and thereafter through a filter
medium in the form of a porous, non-woven matrix consisting essentially of randomly arranged,
irregularly intersecting and overlapping cellulose fibers intermixed with micro-bits of an expanded
thermoplastic styrene-polymer or lower polyolefin, or of a flexible foamed polyurethane. The filter
medium also includes one or more additional materials from the group of a fibrous wet web
strengthening agent, a wet web support releasing agent a wet-strength enhancing agent and an
adsorption agent selected from finely divided activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, colloidal alumina
monohydrate and ion exchange resin. A system for carrying out the water treatment process is also
disclose

A portable water purifier having a filter housing adapted to contain a replaceable filter assembly to 1
which filter housing is releasably attached an unfiltered water chamber with a pressurizing pump
located on the top thereof. A cup member is releasably attached to the unfiltered water chamber
covering the pressurizing pump and a cap member is releasably attached beneath the filter housing
when the portable water purifier is in its storage mode. When the portable water purifier is in its use
mode, the cap is removed from the base of the filter housing and attached to the bottom of the cup
and the cup is removed from its position covering the pressurizing pump and attached to the filter
housing at the position where the cap was attached. Water to be filtered is placed in the unfiltered
water chamber when it is disengaged from the filter housing and after reattachment thereto the
pressurizing pump is manually operated to create pressure in the unfiltered water chamber forcing the
unfiltered water through the filter and into the cu

For ultraviolet purification or sterilization of fluids, particularly waste water, lamp sections, each
composed of opposed pairs of fluid impermeable light unit receiving sockets and lamp units
therebetween are provided. Each lamp section consists of an inner, elongate, cylindrical ultraviolet ray
emitting lamp and an outer, coaxial and substantially co-extensive cylindrical sleeve, arranged in
parallel rows. Due to its immersion capability, the array of rows of lamps can be fluid immersed in
either an open or closed system. Moreover, lamp withdrawal, fluid impermeable closure means is
provided on at least one of each pair of sockets to facilitate lamp withdrawal in the event of burnout.
Each row of lamps can also be modularized to facilitate easy removal of a malfunctioning row of
lamps without having to shut down or remove the entire device from its fluid environmen
There is taught a device for the reverse osmotic desalination of water wherein the required energy is 1
derived from wave

An activated air treatment for water purification utilizes an ultraviolet irradiated activated air stream
dispersed into a water tank. Water is continuously circulated through a filter and ion exchange beds
and returned to the tank. The ion exchange beds are sequentially regenerated by a closed loop salt
water system. The regenerating liquid is treated by a second activated air strea

A water purifier for treating water intended for drinking and like purposes, for installation at point-of- 1
use, i.e., home, office or workplace, which is effective in removing additional contaminents therefrom
using a heated carbon filter and distillation, in which the water being purified is heated and induced to
alternately flow back and forth between an open compartment used for the filter and a closed
evaporator in which it is distilled, the intervals of flow into the filter compartment being effective to heat
the filter to thereby increase its ability to remove heavy molecular pollutants (e.g., pesticides,
herbicides, etc.) and also being an advantageous location from which there is released to atmosphere
low molecular volatile pollutants (e.g., certain hydrocarbons, the trihalomethanes, and other volatile
organic compounds), and the succeeding intervals of flow into the evaporator completing the
purification process by causing the removal, by distillation, of undesirable dissolved minerals and
metals in the steam forced from the evaporator into a condenser preparatory to a change in phase to
water for drinking and like use

An apparatus and method for purifying and dispensing water for use in a coin operated vending
machine is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pair of filters where the preliminary filtering of raw
water occurs, a reverse osmosis unit pump and a reverse osmosis unit where the main purification
takes place. The permeate output of the reverse osmosis unit passes through a conductivity sensor. If
the conductivity is below a predetermined level, the water is sent to a storage tank. If the water is
above that level then it is sent back to the reverse osmosis unit pump for further processing by the
reverse osmosis unit. Water is extracted from the storage tank by a continuously operating pump
which transmits the water through an ultraviolet sterilizer. During a vend cycle the water passing
through the ultraviolet sterilizer is dispensed while in the absence of a vend cycle the water passing
through the ultraviolet sterilizer is passed back into the storage tank. The apparatus further includes
an arrangement for selectively adding to the dispensed water minerals for enhancing its taste and in
addition an arrangement for selectively adding to the dispensed water electrolytes normally lost by a
person during athletic or other strenuous activit

For water treatment in swimming pools, cooling towers, hot tubs, and other systems it is desired to 1
feed various chemicals in small quantities but at optimum rates into the system. In several
embodiments of the invention the water is recirculated through the system which usually includes a
filter. It has been discovered that the chemicals can be fed by enclosing them in generally spherical
plastic capsules suggestive of table-tennis balls, but about the size of a base ball. The rate of feeding
depends upon the size and number of small holes which are provided, or the user pokes through the
shell of the capsule, upon the solubility of the chemical, and upon the flow rate of the water through a
strainer, skimmer, or other chamber in the system into which the capsule is introduced. The random
orientation of the capsule tends to average out variations. In other embodiments, the capsule is
weighted to direct the small holes upward as it rests in quiet water, thereby substantially stopping the
flow of chemical; but as the water is sloshed about in use, the chemical is dispensed at a rate
proportional to the amount of use. Safety, convenience, and economy are among the asserted
advantages. Invention is seen in the new use of such capsules for the purposes indicate
A filtration apparatus for removing undesirable components from a solution to be treated, comprises a 1
module in which a number of hollow fibers are fixed at one end thereof by cast-molding materials, and
is opened at the end portion above described and closed at another end portion thereof, in which said
solution to be treated can be kept from leaking out of a mechanically sealed portion. Any defect in the
sealed portion can be detected from the outside by the provision of an opening which leads the
leaked solution to the outside of the apparatus, instead of allowing it to combine with the filtrate. The
apparatus is preferably used for the manufacture of purified water which is free from bacteria,
pyrogene, and the like. Ultra-purified water of remarkably high purity can be obtained when the
apparatus is used as a check filter in a process for manufacturing ultra-purified wate

A small self contained refrigerator unit having a small water filtration unit in the refrigerator to provide 1
filtered and cooled drinking water that is free from offensive odors and tastes, and is filtered to remove
all offensive impurities. In thousands of business establishments and in homes the proprietors
purchase bottled water, and have to contend with the inconvenience of lifting heavy bottles and
periodically purchasing additional quantities of bottled water. By providing a small water treatment
device in a refrigerator, the proprietor or homeowner is assured at all times of having cool good
tasting water of better than bottle water quality for drinking and other purposes. It is unnecessary to
open the refrigerator door to get drinking water because the delivery spout is conveniently located on
top of the refrigerator which is low and provides a convenient work surface at table heigh

A water purifier for producing potable water from contaminated water, the purifier includes a
crystallizer chamber with a plurality of projecting freeze elements, and a water spray unit which directs
a fine spray of water at the freeze elements to produce ice coating on the freeze elements. The
purifier also includes a refrigerant unit to periodically chill and warm the freeze elements to alternately
produce and release ice shells that are melted to form purified wate

A chemically enhanced reverse osmosis water purification system and process is provided in which 1
the inlet of a second reverse osmosis unit is coupled in series to the product water outlet of a first
reverse osmosis unit. Water to be purified is conditioned by an ion exchange resin type water softener
and pumped to the inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit. The product from the first reverse osmosis
unit is treated with a chemical treatment agent, such as a sodium hydroxide solution, upstream of the
inlet to the second reverse osmosis unit. The brine from the brine outlet of the second reverse
osmosis unit is recirculated to the water flow line upstream of the first reverse osmosis uni

Apparatus comprising a freeze exchanger in which an aqueous mixture is indirectly cooled by a 1

cooling fluid to produce an aqueous mixture containing ice; a centrifuge; a conduit for feeding an ice
slurry from the freeze exchanger to the centrifuge; a heater; a conduit for feeding ice from the
centrifuge to the heater to melt the ice; a water treatment apparatus; a conduit for feeding the water
from the heater to the water treatment apparatus to condition the water for contact with a reverse
osmosis membrane; a reverse osmosis apparatus; and a conduit for feeding the conditioned water to
the reverse osmosis apparatus in which the water is purified by reverse osmosis. A method
comprising feeding an aqueous mixture into indirect heat exchange with a cooling fluid to produce ice
particles in the aqueous mixture and thus to form an ice slurry; centrifuging the ice slurry to separate
the ice and form an aqueous effluent; melting the separated ice and treating the resulting water to
remove components which damage a reverse osmosis membrane; and subjecting the treated water
to reverse osmosis using a reverse osmosis membrane to produce potable water and an impure
water strea

A self-contained device for sterilizing water is provided comprising a sterilizing product injection 1
apparatus supplied with power by electric batteries so as to cause injection of the sterilizing product
into a pipe transporting water to be treated, a water meter mounted in said pipe and having a head
capable of generating a pulse each time the meter has recorded the flow of a predetermined amount
of water, and an electric power regulator controlled by said pulses and which, whenever it receives a
pulse, lets the current from the battery pass in the form of a short duration signal, the regulator
interrupting the current from the battery between the pulses emitted by the mete
A water purification system includes an ion-exchange unit for producing high-resistivity water, followed 1
by ozone exposure and ultraviolet sterilizer units that oxidize organics and also reduce resistivity,
followed by a vacuum degassification unit to restore high resistivit

A filter for purifying drinkable and non-drinkable water is described, which comprises a body (1) for 1
association with a water inlet and defining an inlet end (2) in communication with a purifying filter
including sequentially a bacteria hold-back membrane (23) and an active carbon zone (31), and
deflector means (40-74) which may be positioned in a first position, where the inlet end (2) is in
communication with a direct water dispensing conduit (41-71) by bypassing the purifying filter, and in
a second position, where the communication between the inlet end (2) and the direct water
dispensing conduit is cut off and where the dispensing through a purified water conduit (42-71) is
allowe

A portable water purification system includes a generally rectangular boxlike chest containing a 1
particulate matter prefilter, a reverse osmosis filter and an activated carbon postfilter unit disposed in
a lower base part of the chest. The prefilter, reverse osmosis filter and postfilter units are connected in
series by flexible conduits. The chest includes a removable tray section provided with receptacles for
receiving a plurality of connector assemblies, a raw water diverter valve, and flexible conduits
interconnecting the filter units with the raw water source, a waste water discharge line and connector
assemblies for serially connecting a plurality of pure water storage containers comprising
conventional plastic milk jug type container

A method of disinfecting a liquid includes introducing bubbles of a gas into a stream of liquid to be
treated and passing the stream with the bubbles through a laser beam which radiates coherent light in
the ultraviolet range. The gas may be selected from ozone, oxygen, hydrogen and chlorine or other
halogen

A device for filtering and sterilizing potable water for household use which may be connected in the 1
water line at a faucet or ahead of the automatic ice-making mechanism of a refrigerator. The water is
purified in two stages: The first stage uses an activated carbon filter to remove solid particles,
dissolved gases and colloidal particles from the water; the second state uses intensive ultraviolet
radiation provided by a mercury vapor lamp to kill essentially all bacteria, viruses and any other
organisms which are not trapped by the activated carbon filter. The lamp is mounted concentrically
within a cylindrical tube having a water inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end, so that the
water is sterilized as it passes through the annular chamber defined by the lamp and the outer wall of
the cylindrical tube. A solenoid-activated shut-off valve cuts off the water flow from the device
whenever a control circuit detects a failure of the lamp or a loss of line power. The filtering and
sterilization process does not remove essential minerals from the water, an advantage of this device
over distillation-based system
A water purification system for purifying water from a conventional supply of tap water and dispensing 1
a predetermined quantity of processed water into a user-supplied container in response to the deposit
of a predetermined value of specie, coin, or token. The system includes a first purified water path and
a second drinking water path. The first purified water path includes a reverse osmosis filter, a tank,
and an afterfilter coupled between a prefilter and an ultraviolet disinfecting apparatus. The second
path is substantially in parallel with the first path and includes a polishing filter. Manually operated
switches can be used to select either drinking water of purified water and timing means are provided
to insure that a predetermined quantity of water is supplied from the dispensing means into the user-
supplied container. Valves are used to operate the first path for purified water, and the second path for
a limited time followed by the first path for a longer time for better tasting drinking water. The system
also includes a detector for sensing improperly processed water from the reverse osmosis filter and a
diverter for sending improperly processed water to a sump. The ultraviolet disinfecting system or
apparatus includes a hollow plastic housing with a lamp mounted therein. The lamp is wrapped in
plastic and an annular space between the outer surface of the lamp and the inner surface of the
housing provides a flow path for the purified water during which time disinfecting takes place prior to
dispensin

Motor-pumping method and apparatus for recovery of energy from spent brine discharged from a 1
reverse osmosis desalination system are disclosed. Energy of spent brine discharged from the
reverse osmosis system is used to pump a portion of the fresh brine input to the system. The novel
apparatus includes a pair of closed cylinders having pistons reciprocable therein which are
interconnected for simultaneous piston movement. First valve means movable between first and
second conditions are provided for atternatively connecting a source of fresh brine to the reduced
piston area side of one of said cylinders while connecting the reduced area piston side of the other
cylinder to the inlet of the reverse osmosis canister included in the reverse osmosis system. Second
valve means movable between first and second conditions are provided for atternatively connecting
the spent brine outlet from the reverse osmosis system canister to the large piston area side of the
other cylinder while venting spent brine from the large piston area side of the one cylinder. Because of
the differential opposite surface areas of the motor-pump pistons, fresh brine is pumped from the
cylinders at a pressure higher than the pressure of spent brine operating liquid supplied to the motor-
pump means from the reverse osmosis system. The first and second valve means operate under
control of the position of the pistons in the cylinders for reciprocal piston operatio

A reverse osmosis sytsem for water treatment including a head member adapted to be fixedly 1
mounted in a fliud supply line, an integral disposable reverse osmosis unit inserted into said head
member, said osmosis unit including a pressure vessel, an end member attached to said pressure
vessel and a reverse osmosis membrane module disposed in said pressure vessel and operatively
associated with said end membe

A process and apparatus for preparing bivalves for human consumption which includes depositing the
bivalves in a fresh salt water bath maintained at a temperature of from about 46.degree. F. to about
54.degree. F. wherein the water is provided from an aquifer of not more than about 200 feet below the
surface of the earth at a rate of from about 0.5 to about 2.0 gallons per minute per bushel, and
preferably about 1 gallon per minute per bushel. The oxygen level in the fresh salt water is maintained
at a level of from about 4 to about 10 ppm. As a result of the present invention, bivalves recovered,
even from uncertified waters, can be sufficiently purified for human consumption in 48 hours without
degrading the quality of the bivalve

A filtering system for water treatment including a head member having fluid inlet and outlet ports, a 1
bracket member adapted to be secured to stationary support means, the head member being secured
to the bracket member, a disposable filter cartridge closed at one end and being equipped at its other
end with a closure member, the closure member having inlet and outlet passages formed therein to
communicate with the interior of said filter cartridge, the closure member portion of the filter cartridge
being insertable into the head member, its inlet and outlet passages formed so as to communicate
with the inlet and outlet ports in the head member, and coacting locking means formed on the head
member and the bracket member to secure the filter cartridge in place during operation of the filter
system and also permit easy insertion of the closure member into and withdrawal of the closure
member from the head membe
The composition and method are for waterways, usually closed cycle, in which algae and the like is to
be killed without harm to higher animal life. The composition includes a violet dye to enhance
ultraviolet light penetration from the prevailing light to enter the waterway. This ultraviolet light, with
reduction in visible light, causes algae death. It also increases free oxygen, neutralizes some toxins,
and reduces admission of infrared radiation. The composition includes an enzyme which digests the
dead algae and similar material. The products of digestion are such as to leave clean water. A blue
dye may optionally be used to hide the violet color of the water in the visible part of the spectru

A filter press (10) is supplied with material to be filtered by a filling pump (20) and a high pressure 1
pump (26). Both pumps are connected in parallel and designed as eccentric worm pumps. The
charging pressure is gradually raised to a final pressure without any temporary dropping so as to
reduce the charging time to a minimum. In correspondence with the gradually decreasing absorption
capacity of the filter press (10) first the normal speed of the filling pump (20) is lowered to a
predetermined lower operating speed at unvarying speed of the high pressure pump (26). If required,
then also the speed of the high pressure pump (26) is reduced. If the absorption capacity of the filter
press (10) again increases, first the speed of the high pressure pump (26) is raised again to its former
value and, if necessary, subsequently the speed of the filling pump (20) is increased again. A control
means (52) including a microprocessor unit serves to vary the speed of the pumps (20 or 26) by way
of speed control means (36,38). The inputs into the control means (52) are electrical signals
corresponding to scanned ""values"" of the charging pressure. Guide and control magnitudes can be
entered freely into the microprocessor unit in response to the properties of the filtering apparatus and
the material to be filtere

The disinfection of water or other fluid is accomplished by passing a stream of the fluid through a laser
beam which radiates light in the ultraviolet range. A gas pulsed laser is disclosed which produces a
beam having a substantial width and depth and a measurable length, as measured in the direction of
fluid flow. The laser is positioned out of contact with the stream but with its beam filling the cross-
section of the stream of water which can flow through a flume or over a weir. Flow meters are
provided which adjust the rate of pulsing of the laser, and therefore the intensity of the ultraviolet light,
in relation to changes in flow. Sensors are also provided to adjust the intensity of the laser for changes
in turbidity or organic content of the fluid. In one embodiment the fluid flows through a spiral tube
which directs the fluid to and fro through the laser beam. In another embodiment, the length of the
laser beam is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the laser beam source and a diverging lens.
The laser beam may be reflected off of mirrored surfaces, and utilizes the scattering of the ultraviolet
light produced by suspended particles in the fluid being treate

Disclosed is a process for the purification treatment of liquid reaction and/or washing media obtained 1
in the preparation of cellulose ethers which comprises distilling and subsequently ultrafiltering the
media. In the distilling step, the low-boiling organic by-products of the reaction, the residual, non-
reacted, low-boiling organic reaction components and/or the optionally used organic solvents are
separated in the form of a distillate. The aqueous distillation residue, which particularly comprises
salts, a cellulose constituent and possibly medium and/or high-boiling organic by-products of the
reaction and/or non-reacted organic reaction components, is thereafter subjected to ultrafiltration.
Ultrafiltration results in a permeate, in which the COD values are, for example, reduced by about 20%
by weigh

Adjustment of chlorine and pH levels in swimming pool water by, (a) treating the water with material
selected from the group consisting of cyanuric acid, ammelide and their salts, (b) adding material
adjusting the chlorine and acid levels of the water if it has a pH above about 7.5 and adding sodium
hypochlorite if the water has a pH about 7.5 or lower, (c) a set number of days later, such as a week,
with automatic equipment, without taking a reading of water conditions, adding sodium hypochlorite to
the water in a predetermined amount, and (d) continuing the process indefinitely by alternating steps
(b) and (c) at intervals of the set number of days. The automatic equipment including a vessel
containing sodium hypochlorite solution, a pool water recirculation line including a recirculation pump,
and a feeder line from the vessel to the recirculation line. A valve acting on the feeder line to control
discharge from the vessel including a pair of valve discs, one stationary and the other rotated through
gearing by a standard, commercially available battery powered clock motor. The valve discs having
passageways and ports in abutting faces that only communicate to permit discharge through the
feeder line in selected clocked positions of the rotating valve disc
A method of desalinating water in which a stream of air is saturated with heated water containing
dissolved solids and suspended solids. A stream of saturated air is passed through a cooling element
to cool saturated air below its dew point, and the water thereby condensed is collected. In preferred
embodiments, the cooled air is heated and recirculated through an evaporation screen to saturate the
stream of ai

A water purifier apparatus for removing the bleaching agent, the smell of an adhesive used in joining 1
water pipes, and other impurities from water supplied through a water supply system. The water
purifier apparatus includes a body having a raw water outlet, a cartridge disposed in the body and
housing a filter material, the cartridge having a raw water inlet and a purified water outlet with an
enclosed water passage extending therebetween, the raw water outlet and the raw water inlet being
coupled to each other in a watertight manner. The cartridge is subject to repeated stresses due to
application of water pressure, which varies as the flow of water is turned on and off and since the
cartridge that is replaced in a relatively short period of time, the cartridge may be of a relatively small
mechanical strength. The cartridge is fixedly positioned in the body by a cover, which is prevented
from becoming broken or damaged by varying stresses since these stresses are borne instead by the
cartridg

A water treatment or processor device for household use or commercial use (for example, in a 1
restaurant) is provided with fail-safe features in accordance with this invention to shut the treatment
device ""off"" when an element thereof has become ineffective, such as the saturation of an
adsorption element or the clogging of a filter element. Once the device is turned ""off"", it cannot be
restarted until the depleted element has been replace

A small portable appliance for purifying potable water. A vertical ""C"" shaped body supports a purified 1
water container on its lower horizontal leg. The rearward portion of the body's vertical back releasably
carries a filtration cartridge defining three separate intercommunicating chambers replaceably
carrying a pre-filter cartridge, an osmotic filter cartridge and a carbon post-filter cartridge. Control
circuitry shuts off water input when the purified water container is full, senses and annunciates the
amount of dissolved solids in effluent water and measures use time to annunciate estimated time for
filter cartridge change. Internal structure provides storage for a removable connector tub

Contaminants in normal drinking water may be easily and effectively reduced. An elongated tube has 1
first and second ends and is connected with an interference fit at its first end to the interior surface of
a neck of a conventional bottle. Water treatment media is disposed within the tube adjacent its second
end, such as activated charcoal, silver impregnated media, ion exchange resins, or calcium and/or
magnesium leaching material. The tube includes a flange adjacent its first end which minimizes the
possibility that water will enter the bottle except by flowing through the open first end of the tube. A
cap is provided for disposition over the tube, the cap sealing the open first end of the tube to prevent
water from flowing through it, and the cap apertured substantially 360 degrees around its
circumference to allow free flow of water from the bottle which has already been treated by the
treatment medi

A permselective membrance suitable for obtaining fresh water by the desalination of sea water and 1
salt water is provided herein, said permselective membrane being prepared by the reaction of an
aromatic polycarboxylic acid component with a mixed diamine component comprising a
diaminodiphenylsulfone compound of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom or
a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 s may be same or different, each representing a
monovalent organic group, and n is an integer of 0 or 1 to 3, and an alicyclic diamine compound
containing two secondary amino groups in the same or different ring(s
A water purification system having a first pressure vessel containing a reverse-osmosis filter and a 1
second separate pressure vessel containing an activated carbon prefilter operatively connected in
series and upstream of the first pressure vessel by means of a common header. The activated carbon
prefilter includes a particulate trap upstream of the activated carbon to trap sediment carried in the
unpurified water. The particulate trap is compressible under operational water pressures attained in
the system when the trap becomes clogged with sediment, which serves to crack or break away from
the surface thereof particle accumulations clogging the trap, permitting flow to continue through the
trap into the activated carbon and, subsequently, through the reverse-osmosis filter elemen

A storage-stable, high potency allergenic extract is prepared by ultrafiltration, retaining fractions 1

having molecular weights of from 1000 to 100,000, and treating the solution with gel polymer and/or
carbon absorbents. The extract is dried to a moisture content of less than one weight percent water.
The purified solution and aqueous reconstituted solutions of the dried extract provide a transparent,
colorless solution which has greatly increased stability, remaining transparent and colorless for
extended period

A method for purifying source water to obtain sterile, low-sodium water is described. The improved 1
method employs ion-exchange, adsorption, filtration by particulate size, ultrafiltration, and reverse
osmosis in combination with a closed holding system requiring only 2-3 ppm chlorine for sterilization.
A method for storing treated water sterilized with chlorine, keeping the chlorine uniformly distributed
during storage, and for removing the chlorine just prior to using the water while maintaining sterility of
the water is also disclosed. An additional aspect of the invention is novel sterile filtration means,
disclosed for removing chlorine from treated water, comprising a receptacle for activated carbon
particles, having a water inlet and a water outlet, yet which is sealed from contamination from airborne
microbes, and an effective number of carbon particles. The novel filtration means is wholly
autoclavabl

A filtering system for water treatment including a head member having fluid inlet and outlet ports, a 1
bracket member adapted to be secured to stationary support means, the head member being secured
to the bracket member, a disposable filter cartridge closed at one end and being equipped at its other
end with a closure member, the closure member having inlet and outlet passages formed therein to
communicate with the interior of said filter cartridge, the closure member portion of the filter cartridge
being insertable into the head member, its inlet and outlet passages formed so as to communicate
with the inlet and outlet ports in the head member, the closure member being adapted for easy
insertion into and withdrawal from the head membe

An improved spiral-wound pressure membrane sorbent bed module is disclosed comprising a central 1
permeate conduit around which said spiral is wound, said module also comprising a collection means
for each membrane envelope in said module, said collection means communicating with the interior of
said envelope along a substantial fraction of one edge of a permeate spacer in said envelope, all said
collection means conveying permeate to the interior of said central permeate conduit at substantially
the same cross-section of said conduit, the interior of said conduit containing sorbing mean

The invention relates to measuring the ultra-violet radiation received from tubular ultra-violet source
mounted within a quartz sleeve, the radiation passing through water within a tubular circuit coaxial
with the source and sleeve. A sensor probe fits within a socket formed in the wall of the conduit. The
probe comprises a plane quartz window at one end and an ultra-violet sensor tube at the other end.
Radiation from the window passes through an iris, whose size and position are chosen so that the
source projects an image through the iris which is at least twice the size of the sensitive area on the
sensor. In order to minimize inconsistencies due to faulty positioning of the sensor tube, the axis of
the tube is preferably at right angles to the axis of the source. The output of the sensor is connected
with a logic circuit which has means for providing a multi-state indication of radiation within the condui
A water purification or filtration system supplies purified or filtered water into an unpressurized, heavily 1
insulated reservoir. A thermoelectric module thermally coupled to the reservoir pumps heat into or out
of the reservoir, heating or cooling the purified water. A flow director thermally coupled to the
thermoelectric module ""shapes"" room temperature water, which may be brine wastewater produced
by the purification system or tap water diverted from the main water line by an in-line flow restrictor
into a thin sheet flowing through a thin passage in the flow directors. Pumped heat from the
thermoelectric module thereby is efficiently absorbed by the thin sheets of water, which may be
discharged into a drain. A sealed electric pump delivers purified or filtered cooled (or heated) water to
a spigot in response to actuating of a control switc

A semipermeable, inorganic membrane is disclosed; the membrane is prepared from a phosphazene 1

polymer and, by the selective substitution of the constituent groups bound to the phosphorous in the
polymer structure, the selective passage of fluid from a feedstream can be controlled. Resistance to
high temperatures and harsh chemical environments is observed in the use of the phosphazene
polymers as semipermeable membrane

A method and apparatus are disclosed for treating water, either potable water or a recirculated body
of water, in which the water flows through a passage around and in direct contact with the surface of
the germicidal ultraviolet lamp and in direct contact with at least one ozone producing ultraviolet lamp,
whereby dissolved oxygen in the water is directly converted into ozone dispersed in said flowing
water. The water, when part of a recirculated flow as in treatment of pool or spa water, also flows in
contact with a predominantly copper element having an extended surface, whereby ions of the copper
are taken up in the water. The copper element preferably is a pair of spaced apart copper electrodes
across which is applied an electrical potential by a control which maintains a constant current and
thus regulates release of copper ions into the water for inhibiting growth of algae. The UV lamps are
subjected to ultrasonic energy which will loosen particles tending to cling deposit on the lamp surface.
The UV lamps are also driven at a high potential, at least 300 V, to minimize the effect of water cooling
the lamps and reducing their UV output. Also, the UV lamps may be driven directly from a pulsed high
voltage DC, thus avoiding need for a ballast transformer and also creating a positive charge on the
lamp surfaces which will tend to repel positively charged particles otherwise tending to deposit on the
lamps. Special UV resistant seals mount the lamps to a treatment chamber in such a way that the
lamps can readily be removed for servicing or replacemen

The specification discloses a double shell filter comprising an inner shell of bounded 80 to 400 U.S. 1
mesh screen carbon particles and an outer shell of bonded 20 to 80 mesh screen carbon particles
wherein the inner and outer particles are bonded internally to each other and the two shells are
bonded together preferably by an ultra high molecular weight polymer binder having a melt index of
less than about 1 gram per ten minutes as determined by ASTM D1238 at 190 degrees C. and 15
kilograms loa

The present invention relates to a cyclic continuous process for the removal of boron ion from 1
aqueous streams. An aqueous stream in contacted with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble
organic polymeric chelant. The boron ion is absorbed and chelated. The separation of water and
smaller molecules is accomplished by separation means such as ultrafiltration or dialysis. The
concentrated aqueous solution is then treated with dilute aqueous mineral acid, followed by the
released boron. The chelant is then recycled and reused. Preferred chelants are polymers having
pendant N-alkylglucamine or derivative thereof or trihydroxyalkylamines or derivatives thereof. A
preferred chelant is N-methylglucamine attached to a commercial FIBRABON 35 polymer using a -2-
hydroxypropyl linkage. Additional preferred embodiments are those polymers having trihydroxymethyl
amine in the pendant group attached to a FIBRABON 35 polymer backbone. The process is useful to
remove toxic boron from agricultural water, industrial waters, waste-water sewage, oil well brine, and
the lik
An ultraviolet water treatment plant is provided in which individual ultraviolet lamp units are loosely
and retractably located within frames supported in a water treatment channel. Individual frames
supporting arrays of parallel lamp units may be removed from the channel, and the lamp units may be
individually disengaged from the frame and disassembled for lamp replacement. The frames have
unitary plug connectors to a power supply arranged so that the plug of a frame must be disengaged
from the supply before that frame can be removed from the channel. The level of water in the channel
is controlled according to the rate of flow, and the lamp units are selectively energized according to
whether they are immersed so as to match the irradiation provided to the rate and cross section of the
flo

PCT No. PCT/FR86/00199 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 27, 1987 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 27, 1987 PCT Filed 1
Jun. 10, 1986 PCT Pub. No. WO86/07280 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 18, 1986.The invention relates to a
process for separating electrically charged solid particles or macromolecules contained in a solution
by using a semi-permeable membrane which is specific for the separation to be carried out and by
applying an electric field to reduce the concentration gradient in the immediate vicinity of the
membrane. In the present invention, a plurality of semi-permeable membranes (2, 3) are arranged
directly oppositely each other so as to define an alternation of low and high pressure compartments
(4, 5), and periodically the direction of the electric field is reversed. The process of the invention
allows increasing the exchange area while benefiting of permanently increased efficiency from the
applied electric fiel

An interfacially synthesized reverse osmosis membrane comprising a microporous substrate and an 1

ultra-thin membrane covering the substrate, wherein the ultra-thin membrane comprises a crosslinked
piperazine polyamide as a main component and contains a constituent component represented by the
following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R stands for --H or --CH.sub.3 and n is an integer of
from 0 to

An apparatus for purifying drinking water by a combination of reverses osmosis, deionization by ion 1
exchange resins, resin and final passage through activated carbon. The components for reverse
osmosis, de-ionization, and passage through active carbon, and a product water reservoir are housed
in a cabinet suitable for placement in a home. Ionic impurities are removed by reverse osmosis
through a cellulose acetate membrane which feeds the flux water to a mixed resin bed for
deionization. Waste brine is removed from the reverse osmosis module by controlled leakage to
maintain concentration at a low level. The product water is filtered through a cartridge of granular
activated carbon prior to being stored in a product water reservoir. An attachment is connectable with
the tap water faucet to provide tap water to the unit at main water supply pressure and to dispose of
waste brine water and excess product water. Components are replaceable and available on the
marke

A self-contained, modular system for conditioning water by solids removal, dissolved contaminant 1
removal, and temperature control, so that said water is suitable for use in a system, such as a WEDM
system. The modular system includes a first tank for receiving water to be conditioned, a filtration and
ion adjusting section, a temperature adjusting section, a second tank for receiving conditioned water
and sensor and control elements. The filtration and ion adjusting section has a first pump coupled to
the first tank for pumping water from the first tank to the first filtration element. The filtration and ion
adjusting section includes a selectable element for enabling at least a portion of the filtered water to
be pumped directly to the second tank or else to means for deionizing the water. The temperature
adjusting section has an element for adjusting the temperature of the water in the second tank, either
heating it or cooling it. Sensors associated with the second tank provide electrical signals indicative of
the electrical conductivity or (resistivity) of the water in the tank as well as its temperature. Water from
the second tank can be sent back to the first filtration and ion adjusting section for subsequent
conditioning in the event that the electrical conductivity or resistivity of the water in the second tank is
not at the desired value. The first filtration and ion adjusting element is preferably in the form of a
common housing having a filter cartridge disposed within the housing and defining an interior space in
which deionizing element is locate
A method and apparatus for reducing the concentration of haloorganic compounds in water-
contaminated with haloorganic compounds is disclosed. The haloorganic compounds are extracted
from the water and concentrated into certain water immiscible alkane hydrocarbon solvent. The
solvent is separated from the water, is regenerated by ultraviolet radiation to degrade the
haloorganics, and is recirculated to contact additional contaminated water. After extraction the water
separated from the solvent may be subjected to conventional drinking water treatment, or passed to
groundwate

An orally operable water filter includes an outer covering formed of a flexible, water impervious 1
material and which defines an elongate enclosure. A flexible microporous filter membrane, having a
pore size of not more than one micron, is disposed within the elongate enclosure and divides the
enclosure into respective fluid inlet and fluid outlet compartments, such that the outlet may be placed
in the mouth of the user and the fluid inlet may be contacted with a source of water to be filtered by
drawing the water through the filter using oral suction. Furthermore, the filter includes a flexible
separator, disposed at least in the outlet compartment, for preventing the blocking of fluid over the
surface of the filter membran

A water supply system for use in connection with a variety of water using equipment such, for 1
example, as commercial ice makers and commercial steam cooking equipment wherein the water
supply system utilizes a reverse osmosis unit thereby providing water of low mineral content to be
used as product water in the equipment and at the same time utilizing the waste water generated from
use of the reverse osmosis unit to provide cooling or condensing water for the same units to which the
low mineral water is supplie

A method of treating a liquid, for example dewatering a sludge by ultrafiltration, in which the liquid is 1
caused to flow repeatedly along a permeable walled tube (22) so that a filtrate passes through the
wall of the tube, the progress of the treatment being monitored by monitoring the pressure difference
between the ends of the tube (22). The method has enabled sludges of widely varying compositions
to be dewatered to produce products of uniform viscosity, suitable for subsequent immobilization by
cementatio

Water purification apparatus includes a housing 10 which contains water purification materials. Liquid
which has been purified can be extracted via a manually operable dispensing element 16 which is
coupled to the main housing by a flexible conduit 14. The element 16 can be supported with its nozzle
in a receptacle 17 in the housing 10 where it can be irradicated by ultra violet radiatio

A method and apparatus for purifying water to two different laboratory quality levels of purity, both of 1
which are made available for dispensing. Ordinary tap water is prefiltered and treated by reverse
osmosis to produce virtually salt free product water which is made available to a cabinet mounted
faucet. The product water is delivered to a system of polishing cartridges which produce polished
water and supply it to a special hand held dispensing gun. A recirculation pump operates to recirculate
the water in the polishing system to prevent it from standing and eliminate the need for water storage.
The product water is also recycled through the reverse osmosis cartridge. Some of the reject water
from the RO cartridge is directed to a drain, but most of the reject water is recycled to conserve water.
A microprocessor based control system monitors and displays the water quality and other conditions
and generates an alarm if an abnormal condition arise

A method and apparatus for purifying and/or separating fluids including passing such fluid from a feed 1
side of a reverse osmosis unit to the product side of such unit and to an ultimate user during a
purifying cycle and recirculating residual fluid back to the feed side in bypass relation to the reverse
osmosis unit during a treating cycle to introduce suitable treating fluids into the system for disinfecting
and rejuvenating the syste
Saline water containing a chlorine-containing compound in the form of free chlorine, hypochlorite, etc. 1
which has been added as a disinfectant or antibacterial compound is desalinated by passing the
saline water through a semipermeable membrane which is resistant to the chlorine. The saline water
is passed through this membrane at a temperature in the range of from ambient to about 50.degree.
C. and a pressure in the range of from about 1380 to about 6895 kPA (200-1000 psi). The chlorine-
resistant semipermeable membrane comprises an interfacial polymerized condensation reaction
product composited on a porous backing support material which has been prepared by contacting a
porous support material such as polysulfone with a solution of a diaryl methylene monomer containing
at least one amine radical on each aryl nucleus. The coated support material is then contacted with an
organic solvent of an aromatic carboxylic acid chloride for a period of time sufficient to form an
interfacial polymerized reaction product on the surface of the support material. Following this the
composite is then cured at an elevated temperature to form the desired membran

A simplified portable water purification system provides an unfiltered water receiving compartment, a 1
disposable filter cartridge, and a filtered water reservoir all in a single container. The container has a
removable lid and is a vertically positioned, wide-mouth, tubular structure. The disposable filter
cartridge is horizontally positioned centrally and divides the container into the two compartments.
Contaminated and unfiltered water poured into the top receiving compartment of the container
gravitates through filtering materials in the disposable filter cartridge. Filtering materials comprising a
top macro fabric filter, a core of silver impregnated granular activated carbon, and a bottom micro
fabric filter remove contaminants and sediments from the water percolated through the disposable
filter cartridge. The taste of the water is improved and possible odors are removed. A spigot is
provided low on the container into the filtered water recovery and reservoir compartment for drawing
filtered water to us

A method of aseptic treatment of water which is produced continuously or discontinuously in an 1

amount less than any momentary and maximum output of water. Produced water is supplied to a
storage container. The recirculation is carried out from the bottom of the container up to the top
thereof. A fresh supply of water and recirculated water is mixed in a mixing and flow deflector member
at the top part and the water mixture is spread in a thin layer along the inside of the container above a
temporary water level in the containe

The invention is related to water vending systems for the automatic dispensing of purified water from 1
a machine which is preferably activated by coin or other form of payment. Reverse osmosis filtration
of local water together with other water treatment operations is used to improve the quality of the
vended water. Stagnation of stored permeate is automatically prevented to assure the freshness of
dispensed water. The system is designed to reduce the frequency of servicing and the life of
components without decreasing the quality of the vended water. In one embodiment the vending
system comprises control means for automatically dumping the filtered water stored in a tank in the
system if there has not been at least a predetermined number of vends of water within a
predetermined period of time. After the storage tank has been dumped the drain is automatically
closed and fresh filtered water is produced to refill the storage tank. Another embodiment allows the
storage tank to remain at atmospheric pressure at all times thereby preventing leaks due to high
pressure or aspiration due to below atmospheric pressure in the system. Contamination of the filtered
water in the storage tank by breather air is prevented by ultraviolet sterilization of such breather air
continuously before it enters the tan

Potable water from a municipal water supply is treated to remove suspended solids, organic and 1
inorganic dissolved solids, dissolved carbon dioxide gas and metal contaminants so as to produce
ultra-pure water in the 16 megohm-cm3 and greater range. The process involves prefilteration of the
water; activated carbon filtration; secondary guard filtration; double reverse osmosis treatment of the
water. The process further involves the use of either an anion exchange or electrodialysis unit to
remove further impurities from the water. A method for recycling part of the discharged water is also
provide
The present invention comprises improvements in the design of a control valve for a reverse osmosis 1
water purifier system that prevents the unstable oscillations and waste water leakage exhibited by
control valves of the prior art. To eliminate the unstable oscillations caused in prior art valves by back
pressure in the pure water delivery line of the purifier system, the present invention incorporates the
improvement of an additional hydraulic passage from the squeeze water outlet of the control valve to
the back of the control valve's pilot valve diaphragm. The back pressure maintained on the pilot
diaphragm by the squeeze water acts as a dampening force preventing the closure of the pilot valve,
and hence the adjacent squeeze valve, as a result of back pressure built up in the pure water delivery
line during dispensing. A second improvement consists of changing the interconnection between the
control valve's diverter valve, drain, and back pressure area of the pilot diaphragm such that the back
pressure on the diaphragm can drain away only when the diverter valve is opened in response to the
pressure attained in the pure water delivery line when the spigot is closed. In the prior art valves the
drain line was connected directly to the back pressure area of the pilot diaphrag

A method of treating bodies of water such as lakes to correct chemical, biological or other imbalances 1
in the aquatic environment by accurately dispensing a treatment agent into the water in an amount
based upon the volume of water being passed over and continuously determined by detection means
for the speed of the boat or vessel carrying the dispensing means and the depth of the water being
passed over. When the water is being neutralized by a chemical addition, the pH of the water may
also be continuously monitored. A boat particularly designed and adapted for practicing the method is
also disclosed. The boat includes a main tank partially supported or floated by the water at least when
the tank is loaded and also stabilized and partially or additionally supported by lateral inwardly and
outwardly adjustable pontoons when loaded. The boat includes sparging, or mixing, and above or
below water dispensing means to dispense the treatment agen

A portable, submersible water purification system for use in a pool of water containing radioactive 1
contamination includes a prefilter for filtering particulates from the water. A resin bed is then provided
for removal of remaining dissolved, particulate, organic, and colloidal impurities from the prefiltered
water. A sterilizer then sterilizes the water. The prefilter and resin bed are suitably contained and are
submerged in the pool. The sterilizer is water tight and located at the surface of the pool. The water is
circulated from the pool through the prefilter, resin bed, and sterilizer by suitable pump or the like. In
the preferred embodiment, the resin bed is contained within a tank which stands on the bottom of the
pool and to which a base mounting the prefilter and pump is attached. An inlet for the pump is
provided adjacent the bottom of the pool, while the sterilizer and outlet for the system is located
adjacent the top of the poo

A water purifying apparatus includes a water line extending from a source to a nozzle and having a
filter, a sanitizing element and a venturi in the line. An ozone generator is connected to the venturi to
supply ozonated air to the water flowing through the line. The ozone sanitizes the nozzle as water is
discharged into a bottl

Self-standing apparatus for filtering supply water to provide purified water includes a base 1
subassembly and two container subassemblies. One container subassembly provides supply water to
filtering apparatus located in the base subassembly. The second container holds purified water which
passes through a semipermeable membrane filter in the base subassembly. Concentrate from the
membrane filter flows back to the supply water container for ultimate recirculation. The base
subassembly and the container subassemblies have automatically closing valves which render each
container water-tight when separated from the base subassembly, and which open to provide
communication between the containers and filtering apparatus within the base subassembl
A water treatment apparatus for use in a post-mix beverage dispenser enables purification of water, 1
removal of water hardness and sterilization of water which is normally accomplished by a
precipitation/floculation process used in a bottling plant. This apparatus can treat the water for
beverage dispensing purposes and will not require high capital expenditures. The apparatus includes
a removable, disposable cartridge having a reactor or first section filled with sand, carbon granules or
other heat-conducting material for removing the bicarbonate content and other impurities from the
water and a filter or second section having a filter and activated carbon screen for removing solids,
traces of chlorine and dissolved organic material from the water. The apparatus also includes heat
exchanger coils and a heating element for raising the temperature of the water as well as a holding
tank having a gas trap for collecting and removing carbon dioxide and chlorine gas. Various
arrangements may also be used in the apparatus to lower the temperature of the water after it has
been raised and before it reaches a downstream dispensing portion. An ion-exchange resin may also
be included in the second section of the cartridge of the apparatus in order to remove nitrates,
sulphates and sodium ions from the wate

A water purification system to provide uncontaminated, odorless water from a contaminated source 1
implementing an ultraviolet chamber and sensor to ensure effective bacterial kill. A sensor shuts off
water to user if ultraviolet light intensity falls below a safe minimum. A decalcification unit is provided
to assure proper operation of the UV senso

Novel amine-based precursor compounds comprising the condensation products of 1

dialkylenetriamine and alpha, beta-unsaturated acid halides are disclosed, as well as composite
membranes containing such compounds, the membranes being useful in RO-type processes for
desalination and the removal of low molecular weight organic compounds such as phenols and
carboxylic acid

Composite RO membranes having good resistance to halogen attack and extraordinarily high fluxes 1
are disclosed, the composite membranes comprising a microporous polymeric support with an
interfacially polymerized salt-rejecting layer thereon comprising an aromatic aliphatic diamide/diimid

The method of preparing dried asymmetric cellulose acetate blend membranes through the use of at 1
least one drying agent which is a hydrophobic organic compound, such as polysiloxanes,
hydrocarbons, ethers, ketones, chlorohydrocarbons or nitrohydrocarbons. The membranes are dried
from their aqueous state by direct evaporation of water. The resulting air dried membranes are
suitable for the desalination of water by reverse osmosis, non-aqueous liquid separation,
ultrafiltration, pervaporation, and for the separation of various gaseous mixtures into their constituent
part

A self contained water treatment system and enclosure for a water treatment system. The water 1
treatment includes an enclosure having a removable lid and a base. The base includes a bottom and
side walls forming an upper opening structured to sealably receive the lid. The base also includes a
partition which sealably engages along its upper margin against the lid. The partition forms a first and
second compartment, the first compartment being water tight for receiving water. The second
compartment, having a removable side wall panel, houses the water treatment system operably
connected therein. A well water source is connectable to and received through an inlet in one side
wall into the water treatment system and aeration-sprayed into the first compartment to remove gases
from the well water. Purified and degasified water is removed from the first compartment by the water
treatment system and delivered out an outlet tube in one side wall connectable to a dwelling water
inlet line. Apertures are provided in at least one side wall to vent gases from the first compartmen
Disposable filter element, adapted for use in a high-pressure filter housing, has a plurality of layers of 1
flexible filtering material, some layers being formed with openings through which a portion of the fluid
can flow without being filtered, and at least one downstream layer of the filtering material being free
from such openings. When all of the layers of filtering material have the same pore size, the total area
of the openings in each layer is larger than that of the openings of any downstream layer. Each
opening-containing layer of the filtering material removes part of the contaminant in the fluid.
Interposed between adjacent opening-containing filtering layers is a layer of flexible transport
material, and there is a layer of flexible prefiltering material positioned upstream of said filtering
layers. The prefiltering material has a porosity to filter out from the fluid any particle that is
substantially as large as the openings of the most upstream of the filtering layers to guard against an
opening becoming blocked by such a particl

Device for making potable water out of water contaminated by a.o. chemical, biological and nuclear 1
pollutants, as well as by pathogenic bacteria, viruses and normal solid particles, said device being
provided by a perforated plate filter, connected to a finer filter in turn coupled to an ultrafilter directly
followed by a hyperfilter without interposition of a buffertank and an activated carbon filter, a control
device being provided at the ultrafilter's entrance controlled by a pressure switch at the ultrafilter's
exit. The control device keeps the pressure at the exit of the ultrafilter approximately constan

A dilute aqueous solution of isopropanol is concentrated by reverse osmosis across a membrane of 1

polyethyleneimine which has been cross-linked with 2,4-toluene diisocyanat

Aqueous liquor containing immiscible hydrocarbon liquid, such as produced water from an offshore 1
petroleum drilling platform, is treated by gravity separation, skimming, and nanofiltratio

A carbonaceous absorbent to be used for the removal of a pyrogen dissolved in water is disclosed. 1
The absorbent is obtained by carbonizing porous beads of a cross-linked polymer. This absorbent is
favorably used for the removal of endotoxin in the production of pure water from deionized water
resulting from the treatment with iron-exchange resin

An apparatus for continually separating water and water souble substances and hydrocarbons and/or 1
halogenated hydrocarbons from contaminated water includes first and second separator modules
(12,14) for separating a water and water soluble substance permeate and pure hydrocarbon and
halogenated hydrocarbon permeate from a contaminated water retentate. A fluid conducting circuit:
(a) conducts water contaminated with hydrocarbons and/or halogenated hydrocarbons to the first
separator module (12), (b) conducts a portion of the first contaminated retentate and a portion of a
second contaminated retentate back to the first separator module (12) (c) and conducts another
portion of the first contaminated retentate and another portion of the second contaminated retentate to
the second separator module (14). The invention provides a method of utilizing the apparatus for
continuously separating water and hydrocarbons and/or halogenated hydrocarbons from
contaminated wate
The water filtering device of the invention comprises a cartridge for filtering suspended materials, an 1
active carbon charge, a charge of anion and cation exchanging resins and a bacteria filtering cartridg

A water purifier to purify drinkable water, comprising a packed filter chamber, jet type oxygen 1
dissolution chamber, UV lamp sterilization chamber, water circulation and drainage structure, water
supply structure and a control circuit. Such an arrangement removes high polymer hydrocarbon
pollutants, low polymer trihalo-methane pollutants, and other soluble or insoluble pollutants such as
mineral substances, metal salts or other impurities in the wate

A domestic subcompact portable unit with one comprehensive replacable cartridge for the purification 1
of drinking water in the super pure form through the use of two stage activated carbon, multilayer
mixed-bed demineralization and submicron filtration. The system can be very conveniently installed in
the kitchen sink faucet with easy interchange of the combination cartridge to provide drinking water in
the purest form free from organics, bacteria, minerals and suspended particle

A method for producing highly purified pyrogen-free water comprising dissolving ozone in water,
separating the gas and liquid phases, and exposing the ozone-containing water to ultraviolet radiation
to destroy pyrogens in the wate

A method and apparatus of purifying contaminated liquids employing a particulate filter and a 1
membrane in combination. The particulate filter and membrane are disposed in a unitary container
with the membrane being located downstream of the particulate filter. During the process of purifying
a contaminated liquid, the membrane causes a back pressure to be exerted on the particulate filter
thereby providing substantially even flow of liquid through the particulate filter and minimizing
problems associated with uneven flow such as channeling, piping, purging and tunneling. An
improved method for cleaning the liquid purification apparatus is also disclosed. The cleaning method
preferably employs a gas such as air for scouring the particulate filter and the membrane in a single
operatio

Apparatus and methods for converting a bottled water dispenser for use with a continuous source of 1
water are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, means for reducing the pressure and filtering the
continuous source of water are provided. In a most preferred embodiment, the apparatus is
configured to substantially reside within the existing dispenser apparatus, thus eliminating the need
for bottled water. A housing is provided which contains a filter in an upper portion thereof, the lower
portion shaped to conform to an existing tank within the bottled water dispenser in order to provide
good thermal communication between the apparatus of the present invention and the existing
refrigeration means. Chilled water is retained in the lower portion of the housing and is filtered upon
demand, thus providing freshly filtered water to the user at a pressure and velocity substantially the
same as that produced using a bottled source, without the contaminants expense and inconvenience
associated with bottled water. Also provided are methods and apparatus for converting bottled water
dispensers having means for dispensing heated water for use with a continuous source of wate
An improved oxidation and photooxidation process for treating water containing an oxidizable
contaminant. In one embodiment, the organic compound does not have an electron donating aromatic
group. A stochiometric excess amount of a calcium salt is added to precipitate carbonate and
bicarbonate ions contained in the water as calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate is removed
from the water and the filtered water is then subjected to an oxidation process. In another
embodiment, the organic compound does have an electron donating aromatic group. Carbonate
and/or bicarbonate is added so that the water has a stochiometric excess amount of carbonate and
bicarbonate. The water is then subjected to an oxidation proces

A method and system for purification of water for plants in a greenhouse structure. The method
comprises condensing water vapor in the air in the greenhouse on the greenhouse walls, collecting
the condensed water at the base of the walls and passing the collected water to the roots of the
plants. To accomplish this method the system comprises a water supply for water to be purified, a mist
generator for the air in the greenhouse from the water supply means and a heat source to generate
heat in the greenhouse for vaporization of the mist. Cooling means are provided for the walls to cause
water vapor in the air in the greenhouse to condense on the interior surfaces of the walls. The
condensed water is collected and carried by conduit means to a nutrient solution reservoir for
admixture with nutrient to be supplied to the roots of the plan

Methods for utilizing transition metals as tracers in aqueous liquid systems are provided by this
invention. Transition metals with low background levels in system waters are identified as preferred
when soluble in said aqueous liquid systems. The transition metals show low levels of deposition on
equipment scale and provide reliable information as to the process history of the liquid system

A vending or dispensing system for providing purified water in response to a customer request is 1
described. The water dispensing system has a water reservoir or tank containing first stage purified
water and is provided with a subsystem for circulating water from the reservoir through a microbial
sterilizer on at least a periodic basis for a predetermined period of time to maintain water quality within
the tank. In one aspect, the water is passed through the microbial sterilizer before entering the tank
for the first time as first stage water. Additional features described to insure water purity include
flushing or rinsing the lines between a first stage water purification mechanism and the water reservoir
prior to topping off the reservoir with purified water, and providing control mechanisms for ensuring
that sump liquid cannot be suctioned back into the system. The purification mechanism, of which
there may be more than one, may include, but is not limited to, an activated carbon filter, an ion
exchange resin bed, a reverse osmosis (RO) filter and the like. The microbial sterilizer may include
such equipment as one or more or multi-stage ultraviolet (UV) sterilizers. In one embodiment, the
entire system is operated by a microcontroller in response to user command

Described is a water purification device having an intake funnel (1), a sleeve (2) which is sealingly 1
connected thereto and an insert which has approximately cylindrical side walls (4), a filter cover (5)
and a filter bottom (6) and in which a granulate-type purification agent can be introduced. So that any
gases and/or air which accumulates no longer impede the flow of water to be purified through the filter
bottom (6), in accordance with the invention it is provided that the filter bottom (6) has an air collecting
space (7) which is extended upwardly at least partially towards the side wall (4); wherein preferably
the air collecting space (7) is in the configuration of half-tubes (11) which are open downwardly and
outwardly of the bottom and which are connected to each other and to a chimney-like half-tube (12)
which extends over the side walls (4
A portable water purification system (10) includes a portable reservoir (12) for containing a 1
contaminated water supply (14) and a separator module (48) for separating water and water soluble
substance permeate from a contaminated water retentate. A permeate outlet (52) is operatively
connected to the separator module (48) for releasing water and water soluble substances from the
system (10). A return conduit (34) is operatively connected between the separator module (48) and
the reservoir (12) for returning contaminated water retentate back to the reservoir (12). A plunger (54)
is operatively connected to the reservoir (12) and includes an inlet chamber (32). The plunger draws
contaminated water from the reservoir (12) and forces the contaminated water (32) through the
separator module (48) so that the permeate flows out the permeate outlet (52) and the retentate flows
out the return conduit (36

A reverse osmosis water purification system produces product water in response to pressurized feed 1
water from a water supply line. The unit also produces waste or drain water. The purified product
water is supplied to a reservoir wherein the pressure of the water increases when the reservoir
becomes filled or when waste water is used to pressurize the product water and enable it to be
withdrawn at a tap or faucet. The product water is carbonated within the product water reservoir with
pressurized carbon dioxide gas supplied to the reservoir at a pressure sufficient for the gas to dissolve
in the product water via a valve responsive to the pressure of the product water in the reservoir which
is normally closed and opens only when the product water is under pressure sufficient to dissolve the
gas; this pressure occurring when the reservoir is full in accordance with one embodiment of the
invention or when the reservoir pressure is increased when a regulating valve supplies pressurized
waste water from the reverse osmosis unit to the reservoir to pressurize the product water therein, in
accordance with another embodiment of the inventio

A faucet-mounted filter in which a housing is positioned in the water flow line of the faucet, in flow 1
transmitting relation with the water flow line. A microporous, hollow fiber filter bundle is positioned to
sealingly occlude water flow through the housing so that all water flow through the housing must pass
through porous walls of the hollow fibers of the filter. The pores of the hollow fiber walls are no larger
than 0.22 micron, as measured by the particles that the pores pass. Thus the filter is capable of
microbial filterin

A process and apparatus for reducing the dissemination of aquatic organisms and decreasing the risk
of diseases caused by fungi, such as Pythium and Phythophthora spp, in greenhouse plants grown
hydroponically by Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) by treating the water to be used in the NFT with
ultraviolet radiation at a wave length of 2537 .ANG. by passing the water in a zone of restricted width
adjacent and exposed to the source of ultraviolet radiation and maintaining the temperature of the
water in the range of 15.degree. C. to 26.degree. C. as it is passed at the zone. The apparatus
includes an elongated cylindrical housing including a top cap and a bottom cap sealingly closing the
cylindrical housing. A water inlet is located on the cylindrical housing near the bottom end cap and
water outlet on the cylindrical housing near the top cap. An ultraviolet lamp in the form of an elongated
cylindrical member extends concentrically within the housing and through the top cap and bottom cap.
The top cap and bottom cap are removably secured to the cylindrical housing for access to the lamp
and the interior of the housin

A portable ultrafiltration device is disclosed comprising a prefilter, pump, membrane filter cartridges, 1
temperature sensors, pressure sensors, process interdiction and control means placed to detect
temperature and pressure variations of a feed mixture being processed by the device, and means
cooperating with said temperature and pressure means to interdict the operation of the device to
prevent damage to the components. Provision is also made for an improved feed mixture pick-up tube
comprising a sliding gate means for interdicting liquid pick-up from an oil/water feed mixtur

A portable water filtering apparatus having a lid secureable to conventional plastic drinking cups, with 1
a filtering element disposed with the lid. The apparatus includes inlet and outlet spouts, and may also
include a drinking cup secured thereto, so that contaminated water is filtered once upon being poured
through the inlet means into the cup, and filtered a second time upon being poured out of the cup
through the outlet. The filtering element includes four layers of filtering material for removing
particulate matter, bacteria, and unpleasant odor and taste from contaminated wate
There is provided between a concentrate tank and a membrane filter a circulating line which consists 1
of a feed line and a return line. It is also possible to use an ultrafilter as the membrane filter. There is
provided a leveling tube connected by respective pipes to the concentrate tank at top and bottom
portions thereof, respectively. A buoy floats within the leveling tube and a position of this buoy is
detected by means of transparency of the leveling tube itself or photosensors in order to detect a
degree of concentration of the culture fluid progressing within the concentrate tank. There may be
provided multi-stage circulating lines each connecting the associated concentrate tank to the
associated membrane filter so that the culture fluid can be transferred during the process of
concentration from the stage of the largest volume treatment to the state of the least volume treatment
in order to concentrate the culture fluid more efficientl

A fluid purification device including an inverted U-shape frame whose legs support a plurality of lamp
assemblies each including an ultraviolet lamp received in a protective sleeve. One of the legs is
hollow and receives lead wires connected to the lamps through openings spaced along the leg. The
protective sleeves at one of their ends are resiliently mounted to the hollow leg at the openings, and
seals are provided to prevent fluid from entering into the hollow leg and the protective sleeve. The
other ends of the protective sleeves are closed and held in receptacles in the other frame leg which is
formed by two plates fixed to each other. ""O"" rings provided along the other leg receive the
protective sleeves to provide flexible seats. An electrical ballast controlling voltage and amperage at
the lamps is incorporated in the fram

A process of regenerating polluted thermal swimming pool waters is disclosed. The process includes 1
making a condensate of pure thermal water by concentration of the thermal plankton by means of
known physical processes: filtering the polluted thermal water and then sterilizing it; regenerating the
sterilized thermal water by adding condensate thereto in sufficient proportion to restore the natural
population of thermal plankto

An apparatus for water purification, and in particular for electrical water purification in combination 1
with a filtering apparatus for providing purified water for drinking and other application common in the
home, farm or business. Metal, hydrogen and oxygen ions are introduced into water to be purified by
carbon and copper electrodes. After ionizing the water to be purified, the water is then filtered in a
filter tank which contains layers of various filtration media, including granular activated carbo

A liquid purification arrangement comprising a housing having an ambient inlet and lineally extending 1
exhaust passage between the housing wall and a drain pan, the housing having a liquid inlet and
outlet for a liquid system disposed within the housing which system includes a pump to move the
liquid in the system, a blower, an orificed, looped liquid circuit and filtering arrangement, a moveable
frame support, a disinfection/rejuvenation receptacle, an ultra-violet and distillation microbial reduction
arrangement, a heating and cooling storage arrangement with a collapsible-expansible storage bag
and switch arrangement therefor, and a check and alternating valve arrangemen

An apparatus and method for obtaining a liquid, such as water from a source, purifying the liquid, 1
supplying a carbonating gas, such as CO.sub.2, to the pre-purified liquid and dispensing either a
carbonated and purified supply of water or purified water only from a ta
The deionized water purification of this invention is a small compact unit which is inserted between the 1
purified deionized water distribution line in a plant water purification system and the inlet of a point of
use apparatus. The small compact modular point of use deionized water purification unit reduces the
total organic contaminant loading, the particulate loading, and the ionic contaminants in the purified
deionized water from the plant purification system. The purification unit of this invention also includes
means for sterilization of the point of use deionized water purification unit and a new technique for
preventing damage to the ozone generator used in the sterilization proces

Water-soluble organic electrolytes, such as anions of lower carboxylic acids in aqueous solution at 1
low pH, are removed by raising the pH and subjecting the resultant charge liquid to nanofiltratio

An attachment assembly for each end of an ultraviolet light lamp positioned in a quartz sleeve
protruding through a mounting nipple on opposite ends of an apparatus such as a water treatment
unit. A compression nut is threadly mounted on each of the mounting nipples and has an internal
cylindrical bore with an O-ring for receiving and positioning the end of the quartz sleeve. An elastic
electrical socket assembly is operably connected to each end of the ultraviolet light lamp. A retainer is
detachably mounted on the compression nut and has means for retaining the electrical socket
assembly in position. A compression spring is provided in one of the retainers to resiliently urge the
electrical socket assemblies into engagement with the ends of the lamp continuously and securel

A process is provided for purifying potable water to produce American Association for Advancement of 1
Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) standard water for dialysis, United States Pharmacopeia Convention,
Inc. USP XXII specifications water for injection or sterile water for injection. Potable water is passed
through a plurality of treatment steps including a preliminary filtration step, a carbon adsorption
module and a reverse osmosis module to produce water to the quality specified by AAMI for
hemodialysis. An ion exchange filtration step is added to the steps stated above to produce USP XXII
quality specifications for water for injection and a disposable sterilizing microfilter is further added to
all the steps stated above to produce sterile water for injection. The process is designed such that the
system is sanitized with hot water and subsequently flushed at a temperature and time that will control
microbial population as specified by the user requirements without degrading the materials of
construction in the treatment steps, for example at 80.degree. C. for one hour. The sterile microfilter
used for the production of sterile water is a disposable device changed periodically to maintain sterility
of the final solutio

A dual stage filter cartridge is provided for use in a reverse osmosis water purification system or the 1
like. The filter cartridge includes a first stage having a filter medium for removing selected
contaminants from incoming feed water, and a second stage including a reverse osmosis membrane
for converting a portion of the filtered feed water to a relatively purified water supply. The filter media
in the first state is particularly selected to remove contaminants which are otherwise potentially
harmful to the reverse osmosis membrane. The dual stage cartridge is configured as a single unit
adapted for simple drop-in installation into an open-ended cartridge housin

Desalination of water is effected by use of a polyimine membrane which has been cross-linked with a 1
combination of aliphatic and aromatic polyisocyanate or with a polycarbonyl chloride cross-linking
agen
A portable, household water purifier is disclosed. The water purifier generally comprises a housing
adapted to rest on a kitchen counter-top, a tank mounted inside the housing for receiving untreated
water, a water treatment system mounted inside the housing, a means for pumping the water through
the treatment system, and a means for refrigerating the treated wate

A method of backwashing bundles of inside-skin tubular filter membranes in modules, in which: a 1

circuit is provided so that dead-end mode filtering takes place with the tubular membranes being fed
from one end while cross-flow mode filtering takes place with the tubular membranes being fed from
the other end, thereby ensuring in both cases that the major portion of the matter stopped by the
membranes collects in the same relatively small zone in the bundles of membranes contained in the
modules; water is drawn off from the periphery of the modules; and backwashing is performed in two
stages: a first stage in which all of the backwashing water is used for cleaning said relatively small
zone and in which the recirculation loop that enables cross-flow filtering to be performed is closed;
and a second stage in which the backwashing water is caused to pass through all of the membranes
and all the recirculation loop. Apparatus for implementing the method is also described and is shown
in FIG. 1 operating in dead-end mod

A reverse osmosis water purification system is provided for removing contaminants from a tap water 1
supply or the like, to produce a relatively purified water supply. The system includes a header
manifold formed as a unitary component and adapted to receive and support a plurality of removable
cylindrical canisters having a reverse osmosis cartridge and associated filter cartridges installed
therein. The manifold is formed with a main gallery passage which is subdivided into a succession of
bores of progressively increasing diametric size, with adjacent bores being separated by transition
segments of uniform thread pitch. Appropriate threading plugs and/or check valves and the like are
installed along the gallery passage to regulate water flow in series through the reverse osmosis and
filter cartridges to separate the tap water supply into the relatively purified water supply and a reject
water supply having impurities concentrated therein. The manifold further connects the purified water
supply to an appropriate storage vessel and/or for dispensing via a faucet valve or the like, and
discharges the reject water supply to a drain. Each of the cylindrical canisters is easily removed from
the manifold to facilitate periodic replacement of the reverse osmosis or filter cartridges contained
therei

An ecosystem is created in an aquarium using a main tank and a filter tank. The main tank provides a
suitable environment for aquatic animals and has a series of tubes along the bottom to distribute
incoming water. An outlet near the high water mark of the main tank creates bottom to top circulation.
The water is pumped through the filter tank that comprises a carbon filter, a plant and temperature
compartment, a bacteria filter, and an aerator compartment. Water from the main tank is withdrawn
and processed through each compartment in the filter tank to remove all the impurities harmful to the
animals in the main tank by nitrification and photosynthesis. A pump returns the cleaned water to the
main tank through an ultraviolet light purifier. Valves on the conduits between the main and filter tanks
prevent circulation during repair and maintenance of the filte

Treatment of water-soluble, amine-containing polymers with strong acid, cation exchange resins from 1
aromatic copolymer crosslinked with 2-25% polyvinyl crosslinker, followed by ultrafiltration with a
membrane filter having a molecular-weight cutoff, measured against the polymers to be treated, of
about 10,000 to about 15,000, results in a highly effective removal of residual monomers and
oligomers of less than 500 molecular weigh
A water quality monitor is provided for use in a purified water supply system of the type having a 1
reverse osmosis unit or the like for producing relatively purified water from an ordinary tap or feed
water supply. The monitor includes a control circuit having eletrodes in contact with the purified and
tap water supplies. The control circuit is activated by depression of a test button to produce a short
duration pulse of one polarity which is connected to the electrodes for use in determining the water
conductivities. The control circuit compares the conductivities of the purified and tap water supplies,
wherein this comparison represents the operational efficiency of the purification system in removing
contaminants from the incoming tap water. The control circuit responds to this comparison to
illuminate an appropriate indicator light or the like and thereby indicate the operational state of the
purification system. The control circuit maintains the appropriate indicator light in an illuminated state
until the test button is released, at which time the control circuit couples a short duration pulse of
opposite polarity to the electrodes for preventing or minimizing electrode corrosion and/or
accumulation of ionic deposit thereon. The generation of a short duraction pulse to determine
conductivity. In combination with illumination of the appropriate indicator light only until the test button
is released, minimizes circuit power consumption and thereby extends monitor service life when a
battery power source is use

An installation for filtering drinking water out of contaminated water, which can be used in many 1
different situations, as it consists of a hydrocyclone, a micro filter unit, a unit for reverse osmosis, a
mixed bed ion exchange, a re-salting unit, a unit for ozonization, an activated carbon filter and a unit
for chlorinizatio

A filter cartridge for treating drinking water to remove a broad range of microorganisms includes a 1
microbiocidal resin layer, a porous activated carbon filter element and a flow controller to assure a
minimum effective residence time of water in the filter under varying pressure conditions. The
microbiocidal resin preferably comprises a halogenated resin bed which is effective to kill a broad
range of bacteria, viruses and protozoan cysts. The five micron carbon filter element removes any
particularly resistant cysts which may have survived passage through the resin bed. The filter may
also be provided with a scavenger resin downstream of the haogenated resin bed to remove any free
halogens from the final effluent. A buffering resin may also be included upstream of the halogenated
resin bed to precondition high pH supply water. Compensation for the decreased microbiocidal activity
of the halogenated resin with decreasing supply water temperature may be provided by a temperature
sensitive flow control valve which increasingly restricts the flow of supply water into the filter with
decreasing water temperatur

A water filtering, sterilizing and heating apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes filter tank 1
provided with activated carbon therein, to filter bacteria, miscellaneous impurities and odor in water.
The output of the filter is coupled to a microwave oscillator to vibrate and churn the water coming from
the filter tank. The water from the microwave oscillator is coupled to an ultraviolet light sterilizing tank
having an ultraviolet lamp disposed vertically in the center thereof. A storage tank is provided to
receive and store the water coming from the ultraviolet light sterilzing tank. The fluid level in the
storage tank is maintained by automatically controlling the passage of water thereto by means of an
electromagnetic valve actuated by a micro switch responsive to displacement of a float. The
temperature of the stored water being kept at a preset temperature by means of a heater and a
temperature senso
An apparatus and method for the purification or water using a multistage purification system which 1
can be connected to a source of potable water under pressure. The multistage purification system has
a cylindrical pressure vessel supported on a circular leg which is capable of stable disposition on a
level surface such as a countertop. The pressure vessel has a top member and a base member
connected in sealed engagement. The base member has an inlet for receiving water into the pressure
vessel and an outlet for discharging reject water from the pressure vessel. Housed within the pressure
vessel is a plurality of purification mediums disposed in concentric disposition. In the core area of the
pressure vessel, an interchangeable core member may be removably connected to the pressure
vessel. Each interchangeable core member houses an additional medium for purifying water and a
pure water outlet through which the purified water passes for use by the user. Influent water is purified
by passing through a plurality of purification mediums before discharge for use. The purification
capabilities of the system can be tailored to the user's need and a soiled or defective core member
may be replaced without compromising the integrity of the system by simply changing
interchangeable core member

A refrigerator is combined with a reverse osmosis water purification system so that purified water is 1
available at an ice-maker and water tap forming part of the refrigerator. The water is also chlorinated
upstream of the reverse osmosis filter and dechlorinated downstream thereof, before the water is
supplied to a tank. Level and purity sensors are provided in the tank for cutting off the supply of water
when the tank is full and for indicating the purified condition of the wate

A fluid filter monitoring system. A flow switch positioned in juxtaposition to a fluid flow path monitors
fluid flow and provides an indication during those time periods when fluid is flowing at a rate
exceeding a predetermined flow rate through the flow path. A monitoring circuit coupled to this
indication provides various audible and/or visible indicators corresponding to detected conditions. The
preferred design includes a timer for monitoring the time duration since the filter was installed as well
as monitoring the time duration water or other fluids are flowing through the filter. Adjustably settable
visible and/or audible indications are provided to indicate when the filter is reaching the end of its
useful life as well as when this life period has been exceede

Filtering apparatus provided for separating contaminants from a fluid flow includes a hollow housing 1
having an inlet and an outlet therein adapted to permit the flow of fluid therethrough, and a hollow,
generally concave shaped, porous, self-supporting filtering membrane having an opening into the
interior thereof at its base end. The filter membrane is secured in the housing intermediate the inlet
and outlet, so that the fluid flow enters the interior portion of the filtering membrane through the
opening at its base end and exits therefrom through the porous filtering membrane to the outle

A method and apparatus for reducing the concentration of a first substance in a first liquid by: (a) 1
subjecting the first liquid to natural osmosis, via a first semipermeable body, with respect to an
intermediate liquid, which intermediate liquid is a solution or suspension of a second substance in a
second liquid, the second liquid being the same as the first liquid and passing through the first
semipermeable body, the second substance being of larger molecular size than the first substance
and not passing through the first semipermeable body, whereby the quantity of the second liquid in
the intermediate liquid is increased; and then (b) subjecting the intermediate liquid to reverse osmosis
under pressure via a second semipermeable body to pass therethrough the second liqui
Method and apparatus are described for removing dissolved radon gas from water for the purpose of 1
reducing the exposure of household occupants to elevated airborne Rn levels, using a radon-
permeable membrane at the interface between gaseous and liquid process streams. The membranes
are permeable to the passage of radon gas but substantially impermeable to the passage of the bulk
phases. Water is passed along one surface of a membrane in a high-surface-area membrane module,
while stripping air is passed along the second surface of the membrane. Radon diffuses from the
water stream into the stripping air. The membranes allow rapid and efficient mass transfer in compact
devices. The stripping air stream is preferably maintained at a pressure substantially below that of the
water undergoing treatment and is supplied to the membrane stripping module by a low-pressure fan
or by a blower. Hollow-fiber and other high-surface-area (e.g., tubular, flat-sheet, and spiral-wound)
membrane modules are suited to the practice of the invention; hollow fibers provide significant
advantages in terms of low cost and high packaging density. The water undergoing treatment may be
recirculated between the membrane module and a storage tank or accumulator. Membranes suitable
for the practice of the present invention may be (i) dense, polymeric membranes of silicone rubber
and various of its copolymers (e.g., the block copolymer formed from polydimethylsiloxane and
polycarbonate) and (ii) hydrophobic, microporous membranes prepared from such non-wetting
polymers as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polypropylene (PP). Porous membranes may be
either isotropic or asymmetric. Non-porous or ""dense"" membranes may either be self-supporting or
supported. Preferred are ""composite"" membranes consisting of a dense film residing atop or within a
porous support membran

Compound filters using two different filter element types are disclosed. When a carbon element is 1
used it is of the concentric type having a central cavity. Filter elements for filtering very fine particles
are used in addition. Various types of such elements, including hollow fiber elements, are disposed in
a lower portion and/or upper portion. Flow control arrangements, improved filter element removal
arrangements, improved filter sealing arrangements, accommodations for filter elements having
different lengths and tolerances and filter arrangements for preventing liquid flow when no filter
element is present are describe

A portable ozonization system having a tank mounted on a base housing a battery, pump and
associated components. A photovoltaic battery charger is mounted on a surface of the tank. Water
from the tank is periodically circulated from under the control of a low voltage DC timer by the pump
through a venturi where it is subjected to DC generated ultraviolet radiation to treat virus, cysts,
bacteria and organic material. Water is withdrawn from the tank for use through a filter to further
enhance the water qualit

A vending machine that dispenses either purified ice or purified water in predetermined quantities in
response to a fixed payment by a user. The machine consists of compartmentalized sections for each
specific function, comprising a water purification and storage portion, an ice making portion, an ice
storage portion, and a product dispensing and control portion. Water from an outside source is
processed to eliminate particulate and chemical impurities and it is stored for ready availability to
purchasers. At the same time, a portion of the purified water is converted to ice and similarly stored in
a separate compartment. Just prior to dispensation to a purchaser, the water is further treated by
ultraviolet radiation to eliminate micro-organisms. As the supplies of either water or ice are depleted,
the machine automatically replenishes them by processing more feed wate

A process is provided for removing organics and ions from liquid. Water to be purified is first exposed
to ultraviolet(UV) radiation to oxidize organics in the liquid. The UV-treated water then is passed
through an electrodeionization apparatus having an ion depletion compartment containing mixed
anion and cation exchange resin beads and an ion concentration compartment in a given separation
stage having an anode and a cathode. A second liquid is passed through the concentration
compartment which is free of or filled with ion exchange resin beads. Ions under the influence of D.C.
potential pass from the depletion compartments into the concentration compartments through ion
permeable membranes. The electrodeionization apparatus can be operated continuously in
conjunction with the UV radiation step since resin regeneration is not require
A treatment system for removing metal ions from water and a method for cleaning the system. 1
Contaminated water is passed through a plurality of columns having ion-extracting agents therein.
When saturated with ions, each column is successively cleaned with primary and secondary acid
solutions from separate vessels. When the primary acid is saturated with ions, it is membrane-filtered
to remove ions therefrom. The secondary acid is then directed into the primary acid vessel, with the
purified primary acid being routed back into the system (preferably into the second vessel) for reuse.
The column is then rinsed with water, washed with an alkali solution (periodically concentrated using a
water-permeable membrane), and rinsed again with water. The system preferably uses three
columns, all of which are successively cleaned in the manner described abov

A portable water filtration apparatus for filtering and purifying water comprises a container for holding 1
water, a pump block mounted inside the container, the pump block having a water inlet port, a water
outlet port, and a passageway extending through the pump block between the inlet port and the outlet
port, a water filter unit mounted on the water inlet port, a pump mounted in an opening in the pump
block accessing the pump to the passageway in the pump block, first valve means positioned in the
passageway of the pump block for blocking flow of water in the passageway from the pump to the
inlet port of the pump block, a microfiltration canister mounted in the water outlet port of the pump
block, the canister having a spout through which purified water is pumped, and second valve means
positioned at the outlet port of the pump block for blocking flow of water from the microfiltration
canister back into the pump bloc

A reverse osmosis purification system is operated on a ratio of approximately 1 to 1 to 2 to 1 waste 1

water to product water. The system uses the cold water outlet and a cold water path which extends
through the RO membrane to remove non-migrating particles trapped on the outside of the reverse
osmosis membrane to remove salts from the membrane and allow to prolong the life of the membrane
despite low brine to pure water rati

An ultraviolet processing chamber for treating contaminated waste water and the like. The processing
chamber includes a chamber body defining a passageway through which the water under treatment
flows. An enclosed volume is defined which contains an array of linear UV lamps and which includes a
protective wall formed of a material substantially transparent to UV radiation. The protective wall is
disposed with respect to the flow passageway so as to permit UV radiation to pass in substantial
amounts into the flow passageway to irradiate the water or other substance under treatment. For ease
of maintenance the array of UV lamps is contained in a module which is removable from the
remainder of the processing chamber. More specifically, the lamps are mounted on a base portion,
which may be secured in position on the chamber, and the plurality of lamps forming the array extend
into the enclosed volume separated from the substance under treatment by the protective wall.
Another assembly receives the ends of the lamps opposite the base portion. The base portion and the
receiving assembly are formed to be in flow communication with the enclosed volume to permit
circulation of coolant about the lamps within the enclosed volume to cool the lamps. Disposed within
the passageway are a plurality of flow diverters, which direct the water under treatemnt to peripheral
regions of the chamber passageway and to regions of the passageway proximate to the enclosed
volume of higher UV intensit

Water treatment apparatus including an iodine resin purification bed suppported in a walled structure 1
and mounted upstream of an active carbon filtration bed. In one disposable cartridge construction, a
replacable, toroidal sediment filter surrounds the purification chamber which concentrically projects
from the upstream end of a larger diameter active carbon bed. In another construction, the purification
bed includes a directionally permeable, replaceable, pointed housing which insertably mounts within
the carbon bed. In another construction a portable housing contains a purification bed within a
surrounding carbon bed, and receives water from faucet coupling means and includes a nozzle. In still
another personal construction, a purification cartridge mounts between a pressurizable collector and
cantee
A method and apparatus for polishing a condensate is provided wherein the condensate contains both 1
suspended and colloidally dispersed solid impurities, and also intermittent and variable levels of ionic
impurities and dissolved silica. When the ionic impurities exceed a preselected level, a finely divided
ion exchange resin mixture is first admixed with the condensate at a rate sufficient to reduce the level
of such impurities to a preselected level within a preselected contact time period. Thereafter, the
resulting condensate is passed through a membrane filtration device to remove such suspended and
dispersed solid impurities. A simple, effective and reliable retrofittable apparatus adapted for use with
BWR's fitted with precoat filter systems is provide

A pressure vessel of the type used in domestic water purifying systems for the filtering of potable 1
water, wherein an uncompromised, spherically ended cylindrical pressure vessel housing is provided
which is manufactured of a very strong high quality resin and comprises two detachable major
sections sealed with an O-ring and secured together through provision of a threaded annular collar;
quick connect type plumbing fitments are provided at an inlet port and an outlet port of the pressure
vessel housing requiring no tools to facilitate the removal and attachment thereof; a decorative plastic
shell manufactured of less expensive resin is provided to encase the pressure vessel to provide
structural stability and which can be fabricated to also provide aesthetic flexibility with regard to shape
and color and may also provide a compartment for incorporating an electric flow mete

A fluid treating method for treating fluid to reduce the concentration of undesirable metal constitutents 1
contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal
particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in
the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that
may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper,
gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silve

A process for the removal of water soluble organic compounds from produced water is provided. The 1
process allows for the removal of water soluble organic compounds by passing the produced water
through a column of adsorbing resin which is capable of removing the soluble organic compounds
from the water and providing an environmentally acceptable effluent. The removal of polllutants from
the produced water is monitored continuously by a fluorescence detector. The process further allows
for the generation of the adsorbing resin by regenerating the resin with a solvent capable of eluting
accumulated soluble organic compounds from the column followed by treatment of the resin with
steam to remove residual eluting solvent. The process further allows for the treatment of the eluting
solvent and soluble organic compound admixture in a manner to allow reuse of the solvent and to
allow recovery of the soluble organic compound or to allow direct injection of the soluble organic
compound admixture into the oil stream. Thus, the invention provides a process for removal and
recovery of water soluble organic compounds from produced water which creates no environmentally
hazardous waste stream

A system for prolonging the life of a GAC water treatment device in which an ultraviolet light
transparent material is used to constrain water to flow over carbon surfaces configured to receive
maximum flux from a U/V radiation source, for the purpose of preventing microbial proliferation on the
carbon surfaces, oxidizing organic contaminants adsorbed from the water onto the carbon surfaces
and from biodegradation of adsorbed microbial forms, disinfecting water, and oxidizing organic
contaminants in the wate
A water purification system for treating grey water from household appliances such as baths, showers,
vanity basins and washing machine (11-15) has branch-off pipes (29-33) from the usual drain pipes
(17-21) these branch-off pipes lead to a storage tank tank (35). The branched off water is filtered by a
screen filter (51) then circulated by a pump (53) in series to a heater (55). The system also includes a
sediment filter (57), a carbon filter (59), color filter (61), an ultraviolet radiation unit (63), and hence via
a shut-off valve (71), to a storage tank (73). The purified grey water can be used for car-washing, and
garden and lawn irrigation. The system can be retrofited to an existing home or installed in a new hom

An improved filter device is provided for removing contaminants from water comprising a filter housing 1
having an inlet at one end for water to be purified and an oulet for purified water at an opposing end,
said filter device including in sequence first, second and third layers of purification material, a first
layer of purification material comprising metallic particles which establish a suitable redox potential in
the first layer, a second layer of purification material comprising activated carbon, and a third layer of
purification material comprising a weak acid ion exchange resi

A method is provided for filtration of particulates from a fluid medium which includes passing the 1
medium through a surface modified, skinless, hydrophilic, microporous, alcohol-insoluble polyamide
membrane derived from an alcohol-insoluble hydrophobic polyamide resin having a ratio of
CH2:NHCO of methylene CH2 to amide NHCO groups within the range of from about 5:1 to about
7:1. The membrane is characterized by (1) the surface properties thereof being substantially
controlled by functional polar groups of a membrane surface-modifying polymer having a molecular
weight of 20,000 or greater, (2) the membrane surface-modifying polymer being homogeneously
distributed in the membrane, and (3) having the capability of reacting or interacting in a controlled
manner with (a) particulate matter in a fluid, (b) non-particulate matter in a fluid, or (c) both (a) and (b

An orally operable, portable, water filtration device. The device includes an elongated tube having an 1
inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end includes a screen whose openings are in the form of slits.
The slits have a width of about 0.005+/-0.003 inch and filter out pollutants of at least that size. The
tube also has an integrally formed internal ledge onto which is disposed a porous polypropylene
membrane having a pore size of about 5-8 microns. A bed of granulated activated carbon with a grind
size of 1230 is disposed inside the tube between the inlet end and the porous polypropylene
membrane in a 7:1 ratio (bed height:bed diameter). A mouthpiece, which has an inlet and an outlet, is
mounted over the outlet end of the elongated tube so that the mouthpiece and the elongated tube are
in fluid communication. To use the device, the inlet end of the tube is inserted into water and suction is
applied to the outlet of the mouthpiec

Water to be purified and degassed is passed through a reverse osmosis step which a pure water 1
stream and a high pressure waste water stream are produced. The high pressure waste water is
passed through an eductor to produce a vacuum. The pure water stream is passed into a first volume
of a degassifier and the vacuum is directed to a second volume of the degassifier. The first and
second volume of the degassifier are separated by a hydrophobic membran

Aqueous solutions containing bromide and one or more polyvalent anions are separated by 1
nanofiltration into two streams, a brine enriched in the bromide and a brine enriched in the polyvalent
anion. The bromide-enriched brine can be concentrated using reverse osmosis, and the concentrated
brine can be used, e.g., as feed to a process for recovering elemental bromine or for the production of
metal bromide sal
An aerobic bacteria filtration apparatus for aquatic ponds. A generally cylindrical tube houses a 1
plasticized media derived from horse hair or hog hair which is suitable for supporting the growth of
colonies of aerobic bacteria. An intake port coupled to one end of the tube permits water from the
aquatic pond to be drawn across the plasticized media by means of a submersible pump which is
coupled to the other end of the tube. The aerobic bacteria digests and degrades waste products
suspended in the water as it is drawn across the plasticized media, and the cleansed water is
discharged into the aquatic pond. A plurality of tubes containing the plasticized media can be
connected in a manifold configuration to increase the filtration capability for large bodies of wate

A method of detecting the initial concentration of a water-treatment chemical present in a diluted

aqueous system, by (1) incorporating into the aqueous system, a mixture including a known amount
of the active ingredient and a known amount of an ultra-violet sensitive compound having the formula
(I): ##STR1## wherein halogen is chlorine or bromine; X is ##STR2## and a and b, independently are
0 or 1; M is hydrogen or an alkaline metal ion; and (2) detecting the concentration of the compound of
formula I, by exposing to ultra-violet light a sample of the aqueous system so treate

An ultraviolet lamp for use in a water purifier has two pairs of terminal pins mounted on, and
extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis of, one of the end caps of an arc tube. The pairs of pins
are offset relative to each other along the longitudinal axis to resist electrical arcing between the pairs
of pins exteriorly of the arc tube. An internal barrier wall resists electrical arcing within the one end ca

An improved gas dissolving and releasing liquid treatment system involving the use of multi-stages 1
gas dissolving pressure vessel and the use of a pressurized water release assembly and an open
vessel is described. The gas dissolving and releasing liquid treatment system includes a liquid
pressure pump, a pressure vessel, a gas injector, an inlet nozzle assembly, a gas compressor, gas
regulators, gas flow meters, pressure gauges, a safety valve, a bleed-off point, feeders, pumps, a
pressurized water release unit, a liquid flow meter, an open vessel, sludge removal means, and air
emission control means. More than one gases introduced at different inlets are dissolved
simultaneously and efficiently in the pressure vessel under controlled high pressure and high rotating
velocity. The improved liquid treatment system is compact, simple and cost-effective, and is applied to
ozonation, chlorination, recarbonation, oxygenation, bio-oxidation, nitrogenation, aeration, and
flotation processes. Chemicals and/or microorganisms are dosed to the present invention to facilitate
the required chemical and/or biochemical reactions for liquid treatmen

In a system for purifying liquid, a method is provided wherein the liquid is pretreated by passing it 1
through a sand filter water softener and carbon filter for removal of hardness and particulate matter.
The liquid is then pumped through a reverse osmosis membrane for removal of organic compounds
and ionized and biological impurities. The liquid passes from the reverse osmosis membrane through
a strong acid cation exchange resin for removal of the cations present in the reverse osmosis effluent.
The acidified liquid is neutralized hy passing it through calcium carbonate, thus adding calcium salt
and carbonic acid to the liquid for a better tasting, calcium-enriched produc

A biochemical water filter comprising a cylindrical shell, a solar light tube and several ultraviolet tubes 1
disposed in the shell so as to cultivate nitric bacteria to get rid of harmful bacteria with help of the light
tubes for purifying water used in an aquarium, and a plurality of filtering plates for useful bacteria to
fasten and grow thereon and for filtering wate
The present invention is a method of purifying fluid having organic material. The method comprises
two operational steps. The first step includes passing the fluid through an adsorbent such that the
organic material is substantially adsorbed by the adsorbent and the fluid is substantially purified. The
second step includes destroying the adsorbed organic material on the adsorbent and regenerating the
adsorbent in a form substantially free of adsorbed organic materia

Method of and apparatus for use in the depuration of bivalves requires an underground tank for a
substantial volume of seawater and is divided into upper and lower sections by a transverse filter. A
series of treatment tanks are provided for batches of bivalves dug in a polluted area. Water is pumped
continuously from the lower section of the underground tank to the treatment tanks after being filtered
and disinfected by ultraviolet light and is returned to the upper section of the underground tank after
passing through an open filter. All above ground portions of the apparatus are shielded against
sunlight. The circulating water is continuously aerated. Sources of aerobic bacteria are added to each
filter. The temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH of the seawater is maintained at levels
appropriate for the bivalve

A reverse osmosis water purification system that incorporates a high torque low speed motor to drive 1
a pump, such that the pump can continuously pump water from a source of water to an osmotic
membrane. The system may have a reservoir to store the purified water as it is pumped through the
osmotic filter. The system can also have a transformer and rectifier to convert and rectify an
alternating electrical power source to 24 volt DC power for the motor. The transformer having a higher
impedance than the motor such that the transformer acts as a current limiter in the event the motor
stalls. The pump has an internal pressure relief valve operatively connected to the inlet of the pump
housing. The relief valve opens when the output pressure of the diaphragm piston reaches a
predetermined valve. The relief valve allows the high pressure water to flow back into the housing
inlet creating a flow loop from the inlet back to the water sourc

A compression sealed bacteriostatic purification and filtration system canister for the treatment of 1
water and other piped liquids which includes a plurality of sequential granular filtering media beds
separately contained within respective sections of the canister. The canister walls have molded
internal grooves to prevent channeling and to hold section separators; the structural filter separators
are highly porous semi-rigid discs, and snap into the grooves. The cylindrical sections increase in
diameter in the direction of liquid flow. The sections are axially stacked within the canister. Liquid is
admitted at the top end of the pressure vessel tank canister, runs down through the series of sections,
and then returns to the canister top to exit through an axial riser tube. The tank canister has a screw-
on compression sealed cap which contains fluid inlet and outlet pressurized disconnect couplings to
allow leak-free back flushing. Each compartmentalized section is cylindrical or partially conical; the
conical sections interconnect with the cylindrical sections. In the cylindrical sections, the flow rate is
adjusted to the particular medium therein by the in-line fluid pressure and the diameter of that section.
The medium contact time is adjusted, in part, by the length of the sectio

A point of use water purification system including a housing supporting an untreated water container, 1
a removable and disposable filter means and a treated water receiving container all of which are self
contained in relation to the housing to enable the housing to be supported from a countertop or other
suitable surface at the point of use. The filter means includes multiple compartments with purification
media therein with two of the compartments including plate means coated with a photoactivated
catalyst, preferrably titanium oxide (TiO2). An ultraviolet lamp and reflector directs ultraviolet light
energy onto the catalyst. Flow control means is provided in the filter means to provide a slow rate of
flow thereby providing long time contact between the water being treated and the purification media in
the filter means to provide maximum purification efficiency. The water supply container is removable
and refillable to provide a batch purification process well adapted for installation at a point of use in
both domestic and industrial application
A process for the desalination of sea water by lowering from a floating platform (11) sets of vessels 1
(66), which are constructed or laminated in part with reverse osmosis elements (65) or (64), into the
ocean depth to extract fresh water. Thereafter, the fresh water filled vessel (66) is to be lifted
individually from the ocean depth by means of a mechanical lifting system (33) to a predetermined
elevation above the sea surface to facilitate the delivery of the extracted fresh water to a coastal water
transportation system via a valve (44) at the bottom of the vessel (66) which is also connected to a
water delivery pipeline (55

A nanofiltration and/or reverse osmosis system for filtering swimming pool water which system and 1
apparatus eliminates dissolved organic and inorganic matter that is not removed by conventional
swimming pool water treatment filtering system

A self-contained, transportable reverse osmosis water purification unit has a limited throughput of no 1
more than about 20 gpm of permeate in a single pass operation with reverse osmosis (""RO"")
modules which can be cleaned in place. When raw water is particularly fouled, the unit is operated in
a double pass operation in which the permeate from the first pass is used as feed for a second RO
module. The unit, referred to as a ""purification container"" ""PC"" or an ADROWPU because the PC is
air-deliverable, comprises an enclosed weather-tight housing having a base on which the major
components are removably mounted. For transportability, the PC has the overall dimensions of an
ISO container, and is fitted with means to load and unload it on standard carriers. A high pressure
pump is required to feed water freed from suspended solids to the RO modules. The pump also
delivers concentrate to a bladder tank where the concentrate is stored under pressure (about 100
psig) to flush a coarse filter automatically when it is plugged, which is often. Fine filters for solids
removal are not plugged too often and can be replaced when the unit is not producing permeate. The
ADROWPU is unique because of the economy of components used to produce a relatively large
amount of permeate from any available raw water source. The placement of the components
symmetrically about the center of mass of the PC is essential to allow the PC to be loaded and
unloaded uneventfully, even if it is delivered by a helicopte

A water purifier includes an ozone generator and a filter. Water is passed through the ozone generator 1
wherein ozone is produced by electrolysis to sterilize the water. The sterilized water can be drawn-off
after being sterilized, or can be conducted through the filter and then drawn-off. The water exiting the
ozone generator can be conducted through a convoluted mixing conduit to mix the water and ozone.
The ozone generator includes a cylindrical bobbin having positive and negative electrodes wound
alternatingly around its outer surface. The electrodes pass across water channels formed in the
bobbin outer surface. Water is passed through the channels whereby ozone is formed by electrolysi
An improved method and apparatus for purifying liquid in a square or rectangular tank involving ultra 1
violet (UV) treatment, oxidation, flotation, filtration, effluent purging and disinfection is described. The
liquid to be treated is fed into the mixing chamber of the apparatus in the presence of UV light and an
oxident (ozone and/or hydrogen peroxide), and then discharged into the flotation chamber for gas
stripping of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and flotation removal of floating substances. The
subnatant in flotation chamber flows downward through multiple automatic backwash liquid phase
granular activated carbon (GAC) filters for final polishing before being discharged as the liquid effluent
or further disinfected. The flotation chamber is hooded for collection of gas stream which is moved by
a gas mover and purified by a gas phase granular activated carbon (GAC) filter. The gas effluent from
said gas phase GAC filter is recycled to said flotation chamber for reproduction of gas bubbles, and
elimination of secondary air pollution. The multiple liquid phase GAC filters when dirty are
backwashed by backwash means comprising a backwash hood, mechanical gears, backwash
pump(s), solid-liquid separators, and control means which are mounted on a moving carriage. During
backwash, the backwash hood which has identical shape of a liquid phase GAC filter sits on the top of
a liquid phase GAC filter, and the liquid phase GAC is suspended and washed by backwash pump(s)
using clean water. The dirty backwash wastewater is recycled to the intake header for water treatment
thus eliminating secondary water pollution. The floating substances on the liquid surface of said
flotation chamber are skimmed off by a removal mechanism for disposal as the waste sludge. The
liquid phase GAC when its regeneration is due is pumped out from a liquid phase GAC fiter as a slurry
by said backwash pump(s), and is separated by a solid-liquid separator for regeneration. A built-in
purge system recycles a portion of said liquid phase GAC filter effluent for repeated treatment during
filter backwash, thus upgrading the effluent qualit

Purified resin particles are provided in an electrodeionization step for purifying resin particles having
ion depletion compartments containing the resin particles and ion concentration compartments.
Purified water having a purity of at least 1 megohm-cm is introduced into the ion depletion
compartments and water for accepting ionic impurities is introduced into the ion concentration
compartments. The electrodeionization step for purifying resin particles is conducted under condition
to dissociate water into hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions. The purified water is produced in an initial
water purification step which also can be an electrodeionization step. The water effluent from the ion
depletion compartment can be recycled either to the initial water purification step or to the inlets of the
ion depletion compartments in the resin particle purification process. The electrodeionization step
comprising the initial water purification step is conducted under conditions to minimize or prevent
hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ion formatio

A water purifying system including two or more stages for removing organic and inorganic 1
contaminants from source water. The system may be configured such that water is first passed
through a biocidal resin, and then through a granular metal alloy and an activated carbon filter to
remove iodides released into the water by the biocidal resin. The granular metal alloy may be agitated
by turbulent motion as the water treate

A method and apparatus predict the organic carbon content of water discharged from a water
purification system. Water is directed from a water source across, for example, a source of ultraviolet
light of the water purification system under substantially steady-state conditions. A reference mode is
established, whereby a reference-mode resistivity change is determined. A purification-mode is then
established, whereby a purification mode resistivity change is measured. The reference-mode
resistivity change and the purification-mode resistivity change are then combined to obtain a purified
value which is associated with the carbon content of water discharged from the water purification
system, thereby predicting the carbon content of water discharged from the water purification syste
A water purification device mounted within a housing adapted to be positioned on an existing water 1
cooler/dispenser has a valve control member extending from the base of the housing and is
positionable within the water reservoir of the dispenser to control the release of purified water from the
device to the reservoir. The device includes a feedwater tank into which supply water is fed, either
automatically, or manually. The feedwater tank, when the water is above a minimal level, feeds water
to an anti-backflow control housing which communicates the water from the feedwater tank to the
bottom of a boiler which is maintained at the same level as the water in the feedwater tank without the
use of a float within the boiler. The anti-backflow housing includes a check valve in the form of a ball
that prevents the backflow of heated water from the boiler into the feedwater tank. The boiler is
connected to condenser coils for condensing vaporized water from the boiler to form distilled water
which is directed through a carbon filter to a distillate storage tank where the purified water is stored
until required by the water cooler/dispenser. Controls are provided for the devic

A method of feeding pure water under germ-free conditions is provided by purifying raw water into
primary water by successive passage through a defined series of purification units, temporarily storing
the primary water in a primary water tank, further purifying the stored water to still higher purity by
passage through a defined series of purification units; injecting HF or a salt of HF into the thus-purified
water in bacteriostatic and sterilizing concentrations and then feeding it to its point of us

A new and improved self-contained, portable, treated drinking water, refrigerator storage jug assembly 1
is provided. The jug assembly includes a storage jug configured to be placed in a refrigerator. A water
treating subassembly is mounted to the back of the storage jug and is placed in the refrigerator
together with the jug. A fluid connector for connecting the portable jug and water treating subassembly
to a kitchen sink for refilling is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the water treating subassembly
includes a plurality of water treating modules interconnected to each other. Also in the preferred
embodiment, a modular, leak-free flow block connector and a treatment module monitoring device
form a part of the overall jug apparatu

A faucet-mounted filter in which a housing is positioned in flow transmitting relation with the water flow 1
line. A microporous, filter is positioned to sealingly occlude water flow through the housing so that all
water flow through the housing must pas through porous walls of the filter. The pores of the filter walls
are no larger than 0.22 micron, as measured by the particles that the pores pass. Thus the filter is
capable of microbial filterin

The present invention provides a one piece or unitary filter assembly for attachment to a waterline to 1
remove chlorine and other substances from water. This unitary assembly provides a rechargeable or
reusable filter assembly for use with hot water passing through a concentrated bed of 100%
granulated or powdered zinc and includes a removable diverter/screen element to enable zinc to be
added to or removed from an internal chamber formed therein. The preferred method of treating water
utilizes 100% zinc filter media to react with or remove chlorine and other substances more efficiently
from water, thereby allowing a greater volume of water to be treated, as well as the treatment of water
at elevated temperatures. The pure zinc filtering media used has the added advantage of achieving a
more efficient oxidation of chlorine while meeting current EPA standard

A method for removing toxic anions from water is provided. A complexing agent, such as a cationic 1
polyelectrolyte, is added to untreated water. The cationic polyelectrolyte complexes with anions, such
as chromate, and the complex is filtered out of the water. The complex is then treated with barium
chloride, lead chloride, aluminum, iron, or zinc to precipitate chromium ions and to regenerate the
complexing agent. The regenerated complexing agent can be reused for water treatmen
A drinking water purification system includes a flat filter assembly which may be installed in relatively 1
narrow spaces which would otherwise be wasted such as the space beside a kitchen cabinet and the
basin of a kitchen sink, inside a freezer door or on a countertop. The filter assembly includes a
housing, preferably U-shaped, having a plurality of transversely extending ribs, formed in the opposed
side walls of the housing, which reinforce the housing and which cause a generally serpentine flow of
water through the housing during operation of the filter. Protrusions preferably are formed in the
housing in addition to the ribs to strengthen further the housing and to aid in preventing the formation
of channels through the granulated filter medium contained within the housing. Internal or external
quick connect couplers preferably connect the filter assembly to a source of untreated water and to a
dispenser. An especially preferred external coupler includes an integral support element and devices
for preventing water leakage when the filter assembly is disconnected from the couple

A filter element 28 for a gravity-flow water filter. An inlet screen 44 divides a cylinder 48 into two 1
functionally distinct portions, an overflow chamber 24, and a filter body 26 which contains a filter
medium 54. A wire half-loop 16 suspends overflow chamber 24 from an adjustable water source and
positions overflow chamber 24 to catch the water outflow from the source. Wire half-loop 16 also
positions overflow chamber 24 at a distance from the source so that there is a gap 22 between
overflow chamber 24 and the source. The potential for water rising and spilling from overflow chamber
24 induces a user to adjust the source flow to less than a characteristic rate. When the flow is
adjusted so that water level in overflow chamber 24 is not rising, the water level continues dropping
until the flow of water from the source continuously enters the screened entrance of filter body 26 with
no appreciable pressure head. Thus water moves more slowly through filter body 26 and filter
medium 54 than if there were an appreciable pressure head at the entrance to filter body 26. With
slower water motion, there is longer water-to-filter-medium contact, giving superior filtering
effectiveness. Filtered water from filter element 28 is captured and accumulated in a receiver
container 40 for later us

A control circuit for reducing current flow through the UV light bulb of a water purification unit when
water is not flowing through the unit. In a first embodiment, the control circuit includes an RC shunt
selectively connected in parallel with the UV bulb, thereby selectively adding a positive impedance in
parallel with the negative impedance of the bulb. In a second embodiment, the control circuit includes
an impedance selectively connected in series with the bulb ballast. In either embodiment, the
impedance circuit is actuated in response to a water flow switch. When water is flowing through the
unit, the impedance is removed so that full current is delivered to the bulb enhancing UV intensity.
When water is not flowing through the unit, the impedance is added so that current flow is reduce

A water filter including an inlet assembly which comprises a prefiltering foam tip. The inlet hose 1
includes an adjustable float and a weight on the end of the hose which allows a given length at the
end of the inlet hose to extend below the surface of the water being filtered. The water filter further
includes a check valve assembly to relieve pressure buildup inside the pump. A unique lever-action
handle, in combination with a rocking piston, allows efficient filtering with few moving parts. The filter
components are easily replaceable. The main filter assembly is suspended resiliently at its periphery
to provide shock-absorbing characteristics. The filter also includes an adaptor base which allows for a
direct connect between the vessel into which water is filter. The water filter also provides a unique
method of storing the inlet hose to render the water filter easy to carry and prevent foreign objects and
debris from entering into the area of working part

An improved apparatus and method for self-service dispensing of purified water with enhanced
efficiency and safety. Personal injury and property damage caused by inadvertent impact of the
movable dispensing spout is prevented by use of an adjustable slip clutch connected to the spout
drive motor. Additionally, intermittent delivery of small quantities of purified water i.e. ""topping off"", is
achieved without a motorized pump through manual tapping of an accumulator tank of variable
storage capacity, containing a pressurized internal bladder. When emptied, the accumulator tank
activates a motorized pump to provide for refilling the tan
Process and apparatus for the purification of water, oxygen/ozone-gas mixture is introduced under 1
high pressure in the water to be purified, and the thus obtained oxygen/ozone-gas mixture enriched
water is passed to a purification stage which comprises at least one reactor. Not or insufficiently
degraded contaminants are retained by a membrane filter unit and recycled to the purification stage.
Thus contaminants, such as hydrocarbon compounds and the like, are recirculated until they are
converted to carbon dioxide and wate

A self-contained, disposable water filter cartridge for a water treatment system for treatment of potable 1
water has one-way ball check valves at the water inlet and water outlet to the cartridge. The generally
cylindrical water filter cartridge is generally spherical on one end while substantially planar on the
other end and is of a welded plastic construction. Asymmetrical lugs radially disposed about the
periphery of the planar end are adapted to mate with an apertured deck of a water treatment syste

Desalinization apparatus and method for removing salt from sea water in which the separator is 1
positioned at a location a substantial distance below the surface of a body of sea water. The head
pressure of the body of sea water is utilized to force sea water through the separator means to
separate the salt from the sea wate

An apparatus for purifying water includes: a plurality of UV radiators which include a helical quartz 1
tube through which water to be purified passes and an ultraviolet light source to irradiate water
passing through the helical quartz tube to remove microbes, a plurality of filtration stages including
fine, ultra-fine and micro filters, a reactor including a bed of gold, and an irradiation stage including a
quartz tube through which water to be purified passes and a laser light source with a wavelength in
the range of 200-300 nm to irradiate water passing through the quartz tube, whereby microbes in the
water passing through the apparatus are killed and remove

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the purification of water using a
continuous filament ultraviolet light bulb source to produce radiation resulting in ozone production in
gases containing oxygen. This gas containing the ozone is then injected into water where many
undesirable bacteria, viruses, and organic and inorganic compounds are destroye

Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for decomposing organic halogen-containing compounds by

using ultraviolet radiation. In the decomposition method, the organic halogen-containing compound is
dissolved in a solvent to form a liquid, and the liquid is exposed to ultraviolet radiation in the
substantial absence of alkaline material. Then, the liquid is treated with an alkaline material. The
decomposition apparatus for the organic halogen-containing compound comprises: preparation
means for preparing a liquid containing the organic halogen-containing compound and a solvent in
which the organic halogen-containing compound can be dissolved; exposure means for exposing the
liquid to light radiation of an effective wavelength for initiating decomposition of the organic halogen-
containing compound in the substantial absence of an alkaline material; and treatment means for
treating the liquid with an alkaline materia

The water remediation and purification apparatus includes a cavitation nozzle which is operated with
a throat size and pressure drop to incur cavitation in the water. The explosive and implosive bubble
growth and collapse produces free radicals which interact with contaminants in the water to oxidize
the contaminants. The cavitation process is enhanced by (1) a variable throat nozzle, (2) recycling the
product back through the nozzle for further oxidation, and (3) programmable control feedback.
Subsequent ultraviolet radiation from high energy lamps, ion exchange and/or degassifying treatment
can be employed to produce water quality within acceptable level
An apparatus for the treatment of potable water having a substantially cylindrical pressure vessel
which houses an ultraviolet light. The pressure vessel is in fluid communication with a filter stage
which filters the water before treatment by the ultraviolet light. An ultraviolet lamp assembly sealed
within a light permeable sleeve and having a single end cap provided with electrical terminals at one
end only is disposed in watertight fashion within the pressure vessel. Downstream from an inlet to the
pressure vessel is a deflector/baffle assembly provided to regulate the flow pattern and flow rate of
the water within the pressure vessel thereby providing a uniform flow rate to achieve optimum kill
rates of bacteria and other living organisms by exposure to the ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet lamp
assembly is secured within the pressure vessel by a threaded closure nut which is easily secured or
removed by han

A mobile water filtration and chlorination system in modular form provides a universal water treatment, 1
pump and distribution syste

The specification discloses a circuit for monitoring the status of an ultraviolet (UV) light bulb in a water
treatment system. The circuit uses either transformers or zener diodes with opto-isolators to monitor
the voltage across the bulb. A logic signal is emitted when abnormally high voltage is detected, for
example, indicating that the bulb is burned out, broken, or missing. A logic signal also is emitted when
abnormally low voltage is detected, for example, indicating that the starter circuit is short circuited or
that power is interrupte

A multi-section manifold system containing a number of replaceable filter and purification cartridges 1
for treating the water supply of medical and dental facilities. The system operates to introduce
increased concentrations of a preferred bactericide to the water immediately adjacent patient
dispensing appliances. Control valving regulates and segregates flow through separate cartridges at
the manifolds. A first manifold removes coarse particulates and sediment and exposes the water to an
initial bactericide. A second manifold removes finer contaminants. A third concentrator manifold
contains a bactericide cartridge having a percolation chamber which enhances the iodine
concentration of the water in the range of 3 to 10 ppm at the patient dispensing apparatus. The
percolation cartridge includes proximal and distal bactericide chambers which are, separated by an
intermediate reservoir or percolation chambe

An energy efficient water purification system which maintains critical operating temperatures for 1
effective reverse osmosis. The system includes hot and cold water inlets providing a flow of heated
feed water, a regeneratable pre-treatment system for treating the heated feed water, a reverse
osmosis machine for receiving the flow of pre-treated feed water heated to a given temperature to
purify the feed water and discharge impurities in a discharge stream and feed the purified feed water
to an outlet for end use, and a valve to control the temperature of the heated feed water entering the
pre-treatment system, and an energy conserving apparatus comprising a valve arrangement which
interrupts the heated water flow into the pre-treatment system and substitutes fresh unheated feed
water during regeneratio

An improved process and system for treating a solution of a solute which can be concentrated by 1
forcing a portion of the solvent through a semi-permeable membrane and converted to the solid
phase by increasing the concentration of the solute in the solution. A phase conversion device
receives the solution and converts a portion of the solute to the solid phase. The resulting mixture is
passed through a separation device such as a filter to remove the solids from the remaining solution.
A concentration device such as a reverse osmosis, electrodialysis or ultrafiltration device treats the
resultant solution discharging a permeate of solvent essentially free of solute and a concentrate
enriched in solute. A recycle line recycles the concentrate to the phase conversion device to advance
precipitation of the solute by driving the solubility equilibrium toward precipitatio
A water filtration device is disclosed which, in one aspect, has a hollow device body with filter 1
apparatus therein. The device body is removably nested in a device extender which, upon removal
from the device body is invertible and re-emplaceable on the device body to provide an extended
member for facilitating the scooping water to be flowed through the device. With appropriate filter
media in the hollow device body, potable water is produced. A system is disclosed including the
device body, device extender, and a water container securable beneath the device body to receive
and store the purified water flowing from the device bod

An apparatus includes a frame carrying a process tank, ozone generating tubes, a venturi, and an
infusion chamber for treating water with ozone. A pump circulates water from the process tank and
through the venturi to the infusion chamber. The infusion chamber is connected immediately
downstream from the venturi. The infusion chamber has a predetermined pressure to produce a head
space and thereby generate a relatively large number of bubbles of relatively small size to enhance
the mass transfer of ozone into the water. A length of tubing is connected downstream from the
infusion chamber to enhance the contact time between the ozone and the contaminants. An ozone
generator tube including an inner electrode formed of a mass of helical windings produces a high
concentration of ozone from a cooled air suppl

A method for treating wastewater and for purifying and disinfecting drinking water. The treatment
includes the addition of pressurized ozonated air to the pumped raw water stream by use of a venturi
injector and then achieving well-mixed ozonated water by an in-line static mixer. This promotes the
ozone reaction with pollutants in the raw water. The stream is then injected into the ultraviolet (UV)
reaction chamber by a static impinger in the form of a conical spray nozzle. This breaks up the stream
into a fine mist of one-micron diameter droplets falling down through the chamber. Air released from
the droplets is suitably vented to keep the chamber pressure near atmospheric. At a lower plane in the
chamber, a UV light source in the form of a uniform grid of essentially coplanar UV lamps irradiates
the falling droplets to kill bacteria and viruses and also to catalyze the still ongoing ozone reaction. In
the bottom of the chamber, the now treated water forms a pool which is pumped out through filters to
its final point of us

An apparatus for disinfecting water in a water cooler holding tank by using an ultra-violet radiation to
eliminate biological growth. The apparatus includes a bottle positioning collar that adapts to the base
unit of a standard water cooler adjacent where the neck of an inverted water bottle is supported by the
base unit. Incorporated within the collar is an ultra-violet lamp assembly, which under control of an
electrical supply unit, periodically exposes the water standing in the holding tank to disinfecting ultra-
violet radiation. The collar may include a transparent window which may be easily accessed for
cleaning when the water bottle has been remove

A reverse osmosis (RO) unit uses a membrane permitting operation at abnormally low water 1
pressures, typically as low as 10 PSI. Because any requirement for a pump to boost inlet water
pressure is obviated, the RO unit makes do with only one, small and compact, outlet pump. An
optional single, or a dual-channel dual-pass, ultraviolet (UV) light source sterilizes filtered inlet, and/or
the purified output, water flows. Purified water is stored at atmospheric pressure in a simple storage
bag, and is dispensed on demand by force of the outlet pump. The entire RO unit-storage bag, pump,
filters, UV sterilizer, membrane and all-is preferably entirely integrally packaged in a compact and
aesthetically pleasing cylindrically-shaped housing. The RO unit so housed is suitably deployed on a
household counter top while flow-connected to normal household plumbing-typically to the faucet and
drain of a kitchen sink-and while electrically connected to normal household power. The RO unit is
operative to purify water in the event of an emergency or power emergency on solar or battery power,
and is even operative in the complete absence of electrical power, such as after an earthquake or
other emergency, by manual disconnection or bypass of its inlet solenoid valv
The present invention provides a method of filtering a fluid comprising (a) passing a first portion of a 1
contaminated fluid through a filtration system comprising a first filtration medium of a preselected
surface area which removes contaminants from the first portion of the fluid, (b) simultaneously
passing a second portion of the contaminated fluid through a monitoring system comprising a second
filtration medium of a preselected surface area which removes contaminants from the second portion
of the fluid, wherein the first and second filtration media are the same except that the surface area of
the first filtration medium is greater than the surface area of the second filtration medium, and wherein
the rate at which the second portion of the contaminated fluid passes through the second filtration
medium per unit of surface area of the filtration medium is greater than the rate at which the first
portion of the contaminated fluid passes through the first filtration medium per unit of surface area of
the filtration medium, (c) determining the quantity of fluid passed through the second filtration medium
per unit of surface area of the second filtration medium from the commencement of fluid flow
therethrough until an increase in pressure drop is observed across the second filtration medium, and
(d) terminating the passage of the first portion of the contaminated fluid through the first filtration
medium before the quantity of fluid passed therethrough per unit of surface area of the first filtration
medium exceeds the quantity of fluid passed through the second filtration medium per unit of surface
area of the second filtration medium resulting in an increased pressure dro

A water quality monitoring system (30) assessing the performance of a water purification apparatus 1
(10) which compares the current percentage differential ion concentration or rejection ratio (Rx),
between the upstream inlet (12) and downstream outlet (14) of the purification apparatus (10), with a
previous sequence of rejection ratios (R1, . . . Rn) to determine the true performance of the water
purification apparatus (10). Each Rx value is determined at a different selected time for use in
conjunction with a computation device (40) interconnected between a comparator device (38),
calculating Rx, and a storage mechanism (42), storing the sequence of (R1, . . . Rn) values. The
computation device (40) computes a performance value (PV) which is an indication of the filter
membrane performance. This performance value is calculated according to a predetermined formula
which incorporates the rejection ratios (R1, . . . Rn) as variables. The method of monitoring the quality
of water comprises the steps of determining a specific rejection ratio (Rx) in the ion concentration
between the upstream water supply (12) and the downstream product water output (14) at a selected
time. The next step includes calculating a Performance Value PV by the computation device (40)
according to the predetermined equation by incorporating a sequence of rejection ratios (R1, . . . Rn).
Finally, comparing the PV to a predetermined range of values corresponding to a calibrated scale in
order to evaluate the overall performance of the water purification apparatus (10

A physical-biochemical process system and apparatus for removal of toxic volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and other organics from contaminated groundwater or wastewater is described. This process
system involves influent pumping groundwater or wastewater treatment by air stripping, biological
oxidation and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption in an enclosed gas stripping bioreactor,
air purification by granular activated carbon contactor, and recycling of GAC-purified air for further
groundwater or wastewater treatment. The bioreactor effluent is processed processed by a clarifier, a
filter and a disinfection unit. The clarifier sludge is partially recycled to the bioreactor and partially
wasted. The process system is cost-effective and eliminates the problem of secondary air
contamination caused by conventional gas stripping tower and coventional biological treatment
processe

The output of a mechanical/chemical water filter(s) is conveyed through tubes transparent to 1

ultraviolet radiation disposed in proximity to a source of ultraviolet radiation having the capability of
disinfecting the water flowing through the tubes. Each of the opposed ends of the tubes is supported
within a cylindrical cavity of a support member and retained in sealed engagement by a tube
circumscribing O-ring clamped about the tube by a plate detachably attached to the support member.
Passageways within the support member channel the water into or out of the respective tube end.
The source of ultraviolet radiation is secured to opposed support members in close proximity to the
tubes to enhance the bacteria, virus and micro organism killing capability of the ultraviolet radiation
sourc
A water treatment apparatus includes a primary column having an iodine disinfection layer and an 1
activated carbon layer juxtapositionally provided in the primary column for killing bacteria and for
absorbing odors in a feed water, and a secondary column adjacent to and connected to the primary
column and having an ion exchange layer, and a mineralizing layer juxtapositionally installed in the
secondary column for alternatively removing ions from the water, or for adding minerals into the
treated water for health reason as manipulated by a switching valve device having a first valve and a
second valve which are simultaneously operated for selectively opening the first valve for directing the
water to be mineralized but closing the second valve for interrupting the water into the ion exchange
resins if only a mineralized water is require

The invention relates to a compact, portable multiple service apparatus and method for purifying and 1
disinfecting water from potable or non-potable water sources and dispensing ice, room temperature
water, cold water, and hot water made from the purified/disinfected water in this apparatus. This
apparatus is equipped to receive input water from either a direct connection to a tap water system (in
home or office), or other source of water (such as a well, stream or lake), or by a bottled reservoir
containing water. The apparatus employs a particulate filter, an ultraviolet water germicidal treatment
unit, and a carbon-type filter (or the like). A chiller unit is used for cooling the water and storing the
cooled, purified water. A heater unit is used for heating the water. A freezer unit is employed for
making ice cubes from the purified water. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the air from the
freezer unit is diverted to the chiller unit to chill the purified water. The apparatus of this invention is
also equipped with a sensor to detect a failure of the ultraviolet water treatment unit so that in the
event of a failure of the ultraviolet unit, the apparatus prevents additional introduction of input water
into the syste

A monitor for a beverage processing system that can sense a characteristic of the system, compare 1
the characteristic to a threshold value to determine if a component of the system is not operating
properly, and transmit the characteristic to a remote site. The monitor includes a controller coupled to
a number of sensors that sense various system characteristics such as the water pressure and
resistance at various locations of the system. The processor compares the outputs of the sensors with
threshold values to determine if the various components are operating properly. The monitor also has
a visual display unit which can output the various characteristic values along with processor
generated messages that identify a component(s) that is not operating properly or needs preventive
maintenance. The monitor transmits data via a modem to a computer located at a remote site. The
computer can store and display the characteristics and other processor output

A booster pump for a reverse osmosis water purification system. The booster pump has a spring 1
return piston that is stroked by the pressure of feedwater. The pump also has a pair of solenoid
control valves that control the flow of feedwater into and out of the pump to move the piston between
stroke and return positions. The control valves are switched by a detector switch which detects when
the piston reaches the fully stroked and return position

An improved heat dissipating device for water purifier's thermoelement is disclosed. The device 1
selectively uses either the fresh water or waste water of a membrane as refrigerant to absorb and
dissipate heat of the thermoelement's hot junction. The above device is connected to a waste water
drain conduit of the membrane and to a fresh water bypass conduit, thereby being selectively
supplied with either the waste water of the membrane or the fresh water as the refrigerant. The waste
water drain conduit has a flow control valve for controlling the amount of waste water to be supplied
for the heat dissipating device. The fresh water bypass conduit has a solenoid valve for making the
fresh water be directly supplied for the heat dissipating device when the fresh water is not supplied for
the water purifying system as the purified water tank has been filled with the purified wate

A water purification device used in connection with the brewing of coffee in an automatic drip coffee 1
maker has an annular sleeve contained within the moveable basket of the coffee maker. The water
purification device has an activated charcoal resin operable to filter and purify hot water flowing from
the coffee maker through the annular sleeve. The lower end of the sleeve has a plurality of
circumferentially spaced openings to allow lateral movement of the water and steam away from the
annular sleev
A novel system for removing contaminants from water utilizes a microfiltration membrane and an 1
adsorbent particle suspension. In the preferred embodiment, the microfiltration membrane is a
ceramic membrane and the adsorbent is powdered activated carbon. The adsorbent is added to the
water to be decontaminated to form the suspension. The adsorbent particle suspension is recirculated
from a recirculation reservoir through a tubular microfiltration membrane. Decontaminated water
permeates from the membran

In a water treatment method and an apparatus therefor, a high purification step comprising a precision 1
filter and an ion-exchange resin is added to a treatment system having ozone supply units, filtering
units and an ultraviolet-ray irradiating unit. Treatment objective water is treated by an ozone supply
unit, a filtering unit and an ultraviolet-ray irradiating unit, so as to be brought to clean water. The clean
water is treated, in super pure water, by the high purification step, and an amount of dissolved oxygen
is reduced. The clean water can flow out to a location on the outside of the treatment system, from a
final step, as super pure water or potable water which can immediately be use

Water vapor in the atmosphere is condensed on a condenser surface which is cooled either by a 1
standard refrigeration system or by a thermoelectric system. Condensate water is treated by filtration
and by the addition of a disinfectant, and the treated water is stored in a holding tank. Auxiliary water
from a local source is treated similarly in a parallel system and stored in a second holding tank. As it is
pumped from holding tank to a dispensing tap, treated water passes through a second water
treatment which filters pyrogens and other bacterial residue from the water, and also removes residual
disinfectan

An apparatus for biological treatment of water in which a water containing organic matter (e.g. waste 1
water, recovered water, or untreated water in water treatment works) is biologically treated to
decompose and remove the organic matter, which apparatus comprises a formed material comprising
a felt-like activated carbon fiber cloth, accomodated in the treatment vessel as a packing medium,
which has a ratio of surface area (cm.sup.2) of felt-like activated carbon fiber cloth to effective volume
(cm.sup.3) of the treatment vessel, of 0.5-50 cm.sup.2 /cm.sup.3, and which is arranged so that the
cloth surface is vertical and the cloth-to-cloth distance is 0.5-2.0 cm, thereby shortening the rise time
from operation start to stable operation, and efficiently operating over a long period of tim

A water line decontamination unit has inlets for connection to a supply of irrigant liquid, a supply of 1
disinfectant, and a pressurized gas supply, and an outlet for connection to a water line inlet. A valve
assembly in the unit controls the supply of irrigant liquid, disinfectant and gas to the water line so that
only one of the fluids is supplied to the water line at any one time. A manual selector allows an
operator to select a run condition in which irrigant liquid is supplied to the water line, a flush condition
in which disinfectant is supplied to the water line, and a purge condition in which gas is supplied to
purge liquid from the water lin

Reverse osmosis, particularly for manually operating water desalination, is achieved using 1
semipermeable membranes which selectively permeate purified water from a feed solution
pressurized by reciprocating piston or diaphragm pump. The manual pump action is assisted by using
two pump pistons to provide a continuous flow of feed solution to the concentrate side of the
membrane to continuously flush the membrane surface. The concentration polarization is controlled
by exhausting the high pressure concentrate to atmosphere through an orifice and relief valv
A point of use water purification system for home use is provided comprising a carbon block filter 1
housed in a self-contained disposable pressure vessel for removing particulates and organic
contaminants from water. The filter is provided with a pore-size distribution, a binder and a flow path
which optimizes filtration performance and enhances microbiological kill rates obtained in a source of
radiant energy which is used to kill microorganisms in the filtered water. The source of radiant energy
comprises an ultraviolet discharge lamp having an elongate central axis and a diverter for providing a
spiral plug flow of water about the discharge lamp. A flow regulator adjusts flow through the system for
varying line pressure conditions to ensure adequate exposure of microorganisms to ultraviolet energy.
A lamp control circuit conserves power and optimizes ultraviolet output. A diagnostic system includes
a filter monitor which provides an automatic indication to the user when the filter has reached its end
of life. The diagnostic system includes a radiation source monitor which provides an automatic
indication to the user when the UV discharge bulb has malfunctioned. A filter quick-disconnect, a
radiation source quick-disconnect and associated power safety interlocks protect the user and
facilitate the safe and easy replacement of the disposable filter cartridge and ultraviolet discharge bul

The liquid purification system of the present invention has a double-tank structure comprising an inner 1
tank and an outer tank that are in communication with one another so that either one of the
microfiltration means and the adsorption means may be accommodated is in the inner tank, and the
microfiltration means or the adsorption means that is not accommodated in the inner tank may be
accommodated in the outer tank, with the disinfection system being provided on the liquid line
connecting the inner and the outer tanks. Since the liquid purification system of the present invention
has such an arrangement, the system is quite compact in size to facilitate an easy installation and
maintenance at low cost while the system satisfies various performances required for the system used
for the purification by filtration, disinfection and adsorption of pool water; drinking water and
beverages; industrial water; waste water; rain water and water from river, lake or sea; and the like. It
should also be noted that the liquid purification system of the present invention may be assembled by
using porous ceramic filters of commercially available dimensio

Water to be purified swirls about a source of ultraviolet radiation to kill any microorganisms contained 1
therein and flows through a carbon filter cartridge mounted about the ultraviolet source to remove any
chlorine and particulate matter. The outflow from the carbon filter is again subjected to ultraviolet
radiation to kill any microorganisms entrained in the water emanating from the carbon filter. An ozone
generator may be incorporated to entrain ozone with the inflowing water to enhance killing of any
microorganisms present and to oxidize any undesirable compounds. The cartridge filter has its
annular support member at one end disposed adjacent a first annular ridge to establish an annular
seal between the support member and the first annular ridge. An axially moveable disk includes a
second annular ridge disposed adjacent the annular support member at the other end of the cartridge
filter to establish an annular seal therebetween. A spring washer urges the disk toward the cartridge
filter and urges the cartridge filter toward the first annular ridge to maintain the respective annular
seals despite aging or degradation of the annular support members of the cartridge filte

A water filtering and purifying apparatus made according to the present invention comprises a water 1
filtering and purifying apparatus for filtering and purifying water as it is ejected from a container at low
gauge pressures generated by manually squeezing the container. The water filtering apparatus
includes a cover for attaching to the container wherein the cover has a pressure responsive venting
system for allowing air into the container while substantially preventing air and water contained in the
container from escaping. A water filtration and purifying system is contained within the container and
the filtration and purifying system comprises a replaceable pleated filter connected to a purifying
cartridg

A system for purifying and recirculating water in a tub during the course of a bath. The system
includes an apparatus comprising a pump in communication with a suction port. The pump is in
communication with one end of a disinfecting unit. The disinfecting unit includes a mechanism for
disinfecting the water with ultraviolet radiation and structure for enhancing the turbulence in the water,
to further inhibit bacteria growth. The second end of the disinfecting unit attaches to structure for
delivering the treated water to the tu
A method and kit for chemically rendering saline water safe to drink is disclosed. The kit includes a 1
chemical reactant which on contact with the saline water is operable to bond with free sodium and
chloride ions in the water and exchange therefore, carbonate, bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The
substituted carbonate, bicarbonate and hydrogen ions combining to form biologically safe water and
carbon dioxide molecule

The borosilicate glass has a UV transmission of at least 80% at a UV wavelength of about 254 nm for
a borosilicate glass sheet thickness of 2 mm, a linear coefficient of thermal expansion, alpha 20/300,
of 3.2 to 3.4x10-6 K-1, a hydrolytic resistance of class 1 and a composition in % by weight based on
oxide of - glass formers 2%, - wherein said alkali metal oxides include from 2.0 to 3.5% said K2O and
from 1.0 to 2.0% said Li2O, - alkaline earth metal

A method and an apparatus for in situ purification by aeration and biofiltration of water from a water 1
body. According to this method, polluted and/or oxygen deficient water is drawn through a conduit into
a submerged chamber held adjacent to the surface of the water body. Water is oxygenated from three
sources: air injected into the conduit to draw the water into the submerged chamber, air diffusing from
the surface of the water body; and air injected in a lower portion of the chamber. The oxygenated
water flows downwardly from the chamber through a submerged biofilter having a filter bed made of
filtering media which may be preinoculated with beneficial microorganisms and essential nutrients.
Rafted or floating vascular plants can be inserted into the chamber to enhance purification by fixing
metals. If desired, organic sludge can also be drawn into the chamber for biodigestion by continuous
or intermittent supply of microbial cultures specifically grown to optimize production of enzymes which
solubilize the organic sludge. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) for the sludge solubilization is
satisfied by the aeration and biological filtration capacity of the apparatus. Such method and
apparatus are designed to provide a stable working environment in open water bodies. They can also
be used achieve hypolimnetic aeration within a lak

A multiple stage filter having an extended useful life comprising a first stage having granulated 1
activated carbon enclosed by multiple filter wafers, the filter wafer comprising a number of filter media
having pore size ranging from 0.45 microns to 5 microns, and a second stage comprising a filter
membrane having pore size of 0.2 microns or less and a surface area of several square feet, such
that greater than 99 percent of particulates greater than 0.5 microns are removed in the first stage
and greater than 99.9 percent of the bacteria and cysts are removed in the second stag

A filter system is used in water treatment for removing organic waste from fresh or salt water found in 1
aquariums and culture systems and to facilitate gas exchange between water and atmosphere. The
filter includes an air and organic waste laden water mixer, a water-air laden waste separator and an
organic waste remover. The mixer is a long tube which has at its top, an inlet pipe that delivers
organic waste laden water at high pressure into the tube, and surrounding apertures through which air
is drawn. This tube is filled with water-air mixing media such as bioballs and has an outlet opening in
the base of the tube which feeds water and waste laden air bubbles into a separator box. The
separator box includes a deflector over which the water-air laden organic mix travels. The rising air
will pull the organic waste attached to it upward into a foam collector for waste removal. The cleansed
or treated water is discharged through a valve beyond the deflector. The valve also controls back
pressure to the filter system to assure proper water-air mix within the tube and a proper water level
within the foam collecto

A gravity percolation water purifier assembly. The assembly includes a covered storage container 1
having a dispensing spigot. A flanged filtration chamber is supported beneath the cover to receive
untreated water. A porous filter cartridge is sealed to an outlet port. A purifier cartridge is threaded to
the outlet port and supports multiple fibrous spacers and treatment chambers containing beds of
treatment media, including a multi-valent iodine media, granular activated carbon, and a halogen
scavenger media. In one purification cartridge, water passes from multiple inlet ports at an inlet bore
through adjoining concentric chambers and to the storage container via outlet ports at the periphery of
the purifier cartridg
A portable drinking water filtration apparatus for filtering and purifying water comprises a housing, a 1
chamber formed inside the housing having an inlet opening, a first outlet opening, and a second outlet
opening, filtration media positioned inside the chamber between the chamber inlet opening and the
chamber outlet openings, and a pump mounted on the housing for forcing water through the filtration
media, the second chamber outlet opening being in contact with the first chamber outlet opening for
venting air as water is forced through the filtration media and discharged from the first chamber outlet
opening and for discharging water from the chamber when the first chamber outlet opening is
plugged. A plurality of bottle connection members are formed on the housing adjacent to the first
chamber outlet opening for connecting the housing to a variety of different sized bottle

A floway for cleansing water of pollutants is presented that has an upstream weir wherein water to be
cleansed is admitted, a downstream weir wherefrom water is discharged, and curbs extending
between the weirs for retaining water along the sides. The bottom surface is specifically textured
conducive for growing a bed of algae to form an algal turf thereon. The algae bioassimilates pollutants
from the water and is harvested periodically by a vacuum system having a notched, rotating nozzle at
the intake end. An ultraviolet reactor positioned at the downstream end is used to degrade volatile
organic compounds. In addition, the water surface is disturbed to change the angle of incidence of
light and focus additional light energy on the alga

A particulate and free water contamination measuring apparatus includes a slide tray adapted for
carrying either particulate sample filter elements or free water sample filter elements. The slide tray
carrying the filter elements is inserted in a reading chamber whereat, in the particulate mode, the
apparatus reads the opacity of two sample filters and, in the free water mode, the apparatus reads
fluorescence of the free water filter element. The voltage signals representative of particulates or free
water are digitized by an analog to digital converter and read and stored by a digital computer. The
digital computer monitors the location of the slide tray within the reading chamber by monitoring
location detection switches operable in response to the location of the slide within the reading
chamber. The digital computer is programmed to use the digitized voltage signals and compute and
provide an output to a liquid crystal display the resulting measured particulates or free water in human
readable form, such as a numeric value in milligrams per liter or parts per millio

An improved water quality monitor is provided for use in a water purification system of the type having 1
a reverse osmosis unit for producing relatively pure water from a tap water supply. The reverse
osmosis unit supplies produced purified water to a reservoir for storage until dispensing, as by
opening a faucet valve. An inlet shut-off valve closes to prevent tap water inflow to the reverse
osmosis unit when the reservoir reaches a substantially filled condition. The water quality monitor
includes electrodes in contact with the tap water and the produced purified water to obtain
comparative conductivity readings which represent the performance level of the reverse osmosis unit
in removing impurities from the tap water inflow. The monitor includes a test circuit responsive to
movement of the inlet shut-off valve to take a conductivity reading at a point in time substantially after
the shut-off valve opens to resume tap water inflow to the reverse osmosis unit, and substantially prior
to shut-off valve closure when the reservoir reaches the filled condition. This conductivity reading is
stored in memory for subsequent periodic display, for example, each time the faucet valve is opened,
by energization of one or more indicator light

A process is disclosed for treatment of dialysis feedwater using ozone. The ozone is added to the
feedwater storage tank. It is removed prior to use of the feedwater in dialysis using ultraviolet light. A
process for disinfecting a dialysis feedwater loop using ozonated water is also provide
An air purifying and moistening device comprises a suction section having an air entrance opening,
filter means at said opening and a motor-driven fan, an air purifying section including at least an
ultraviolet radiation sterilization lamp, and a water ducting section within which the sterilized air is
brought into contact with the water surface before it is discharged into the room. The water supply is a
water trough or water tray with a large surface area of substantially stagnant water volume, which
trough or tray is covered with a removable cover plate at a distance above the water surface. A casing
forms a substantially closed air passage channel part of which is formed within said housing and
another part of which is formed by the water surface, the lateral walls of the trough and the cover plate
above said water surface. The exit-side of the air passage channel is formed as an air exit opening of
said trough, which is restricted by said cover plate at the top, by the lateral walls at both sides, and by
the front wall of the trough at the botto

A water purifier includes an outer housing, an inner housing disposed in the outer housing, and a filter 1
element disposed in the inner housing. The outer and inner housings have top openings, respectively,
each closed by a lid. The inner housing and filter element can be removed as a unit from the outer
housing when the lid of the outer housing is removed. The outer and inner housings include
interconnected water inlets for admitting unfiltered water, interconnected filtered-water outlets for
discharging filtered water, and interconnected unfiltered-water outlets for discharging unfiltered water
when the filter element is to be replaced. The filtered-water outlets and unfiltered-water outlets are
disposed adjacent the bottom of said outer housing. Valves can be provided in the water inlets, the
filtered-water outlets and the unfiltered-water outlets, which valves are biased closed when the inner
housing is removed from the outer housing, and which are opened in response to the inner housing
being installed in the outer housin

Reducing melt borosilicate glass having a UV transmittance of at least 85% for ultraviolet radiation
having a wavelength of 254 nm for a sample thickness of 1 mm and a water-resistance of less than
100 micrograms, advantageously less than 62 micrograms, Na.sub.2 O per gram of glass powder
according to ISO 719 and a thermal expansion coefficient .alpha..sub.20/300 of from 5 to
6.times.10.sup.-6 K.sup.-1 and comprising from 58 to 65% by weight SiO.sub.2, from 18 to 20.5% by
weight B.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 8.1 to 10.4% by weight Al.sub.2O.sub.3, from 0 to 1% by weight CaO,
from 0 to 2% by weight BaO, from 0 to 2% by weight SrO, from 0 to 1.5% by weight Li.sub.2 O, from
5.5 to 8.5% by weight Na.sub.2 O, from 0 to 3% by weight K.sub.2 O and from 0 to 2% by weight
fluorine. The sum total content of all of the alkali metal oxides present in the glass is not greater than
10% and the sum total content of the CaO, BaO and SrO is not greater than 3% and the molar ratio of
Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : Na.sub.2 O is from 0.6 to 1. The glass is particularly suitable for EPROM windows,
UV lamps, photomultipliers, spectrophotometers under difficult climatic conditions and protective
tubes for UV lamps immersed in water in waste water treatment operation

A driver or ballast for the ultraviolet bulb of a water treatment system. The driver includes a step-up
transformer and a feedback oscillator connected between the secondary and the primary of the
transformer. The secondary of the transformer also is selectably connected through one of two
different capacitor compensators depending on water flow through the system. In a low intensity
mode, the current and the power factor output of the driver are relatively low--preferably just enough
to keep the bulb filaments energized. In a high intensity mode, the current and the power factor are
relatively high to power the bulb at a relatively high efficiency. The driver operates at a relatively low
DC voltage. A voltage converter selected as function of the local line voltage converts the AC line
voltage to the necessary DC voltag

A method and apparatus for treating water in which water from a local supply is mixed with measured 1
quantities of a chlorine disinfectant and introduced into a holding vessel maintained at ambient
pressure. CO2 added to the holding tank enhances the potency of the disinfectant with a resultant
effective destruction of micro-organisms in the water. From the holding vessel, the disinfected water is
conducted to a point of use, which may be a pressurized carbonator incorporated into a post-mix
beverage dispenser. A treating module governed by a microprocessor effects the mixing of
disinfectant and water and controls the introduction of water with entrained disinfectant into the
holding vesse
A solution composed of a chelating solution and/or an organic acid is applied to radioactive metals to
form a radioactive metal solution. The metal solution is increased in its electrical conductivity by
addition of an alkaline agent, followed by electrolysis by an electrolyzer to thereby convert metal ions
in the metal solution to hydroxides of low solubility and to separate the hydroxides as a filter cake by
subsequent filtration. The filtrate is irradiated with ultraviolet rays for further decomposition of
remaining organic matter and then filtered by a device using reverse osmosis. The resultant filtrate is
recycled as clean water for use for a chelating solution and electrolytic solution, or is discharged. The
metal ions precipitated by treatment with the alkaline agent prior to electrolysis as matter of low
solubility is separated from the filtrate which is thereafter electrolyze

This invention relates to waste water treatment, more specifically this invention relates to 1
transportable decontamination system for water which is pumped from manholes and equipment
vaults. The separation of water and contaminants is accomplished by a five module system. The first
module removes 98% of the solids from the waste stream by use of staggered baffles. Module two
reclamates the free oil present in the liquid flow with an coalescing water oil separator. The third
module removes solids still left in the stream which are greater than 20 microns by use of a size
discriminating filter. The fourth and fifth modules are bonding tanks used to encapsulate hydrocarbons
and heavy metals respectively. The sequence in which the contaminated flow enters each of the
modules is essential to the effectiveness and efficiency of the filtration proces

A chemical and particulate filtration system and method are disclosed. The method includes 1
contacting a liquid to be filtered, in a reverse flow manner, with a molecular absorption filter media and
a submicronic filter media. The system/method removes, as a particulate, dissolved organic and
inorganic contaminants, pollutants and particulate from a liquid. The removal of contaminants is
evidenced by a color change in the filter medi

A description is given of processes and machines for the treatment of drinking water, preferably in the 1
domestic sector. With these processes and machines, undesirable constituents, for example organic
and inorganic substances which are harmful to health, can be removed from the drinking water or
microbial contaminations reduced. For this purpose, the technologies of ion exchange, adsorption at
surfaces and sterilization by means of UV light are applied. As a result of taking account of the
physico-chemical parameters of the water and the various operational states in the regulation of the
process, the exhaustion of the filter cartridge is monitored and a change in the quality of the treated
water with operating time is avoided. Bacterial contaminations of the water are avoided by
advantageous embodiments of the UV sterilization device. Since the feedstock container can
accommodate both the water to be treated and also the treated water, a low space requirement
results for the treatment machin

A water pacifier that includes a hollow and rectangular parallelpipedly-shaped collection chamber, a 1
hollow, vertically oriented and cylindrically-shaped purifying chamber, a circular-shaped filter, an
electric heater coil, and a bimetallic strip. The collection chamber collects purified water. The purifying
chamber purifies water to be collected in the collection chamber. The filter filters the water being
purified in the purifying chamber. The electric heater coil boils the water filtered by the filter. Also, the
bimetallic strip selectively opens and closes a centrally-disposed throughbore in a fiat and
horizontally-oriented bottom of the purifying chamber in response to the temperature of the purified
water it is in contact with, so that when the water boiled by the heater coil reaches 210 degrees F., the
bimetallic strip bends away from and opens the centrally-disposed throughbore in the fiat and
horizontally-oriented bottom of the purifying chamber allowing the purified water to be directed into the
collection chambe
A filter assembly adapted to be used in a water treatment apparatus for removing impurities from tap 1
water provided to residential users, having a filter housing with an opening formed therein, a filter bag
composed of a porous material disposed in the filter housing, filter media contained in the filter bag,
and a lid adapted to cover the opening of the filter housing. The filter housing has an upper end and a
lower end each having a plurality of apertures formed therein. The filter media contained in the filter
bag is composed of individual particles having a mean diameter large enough to prevent the particles
from passing through the porous material of the filter bag. The apertures formed in the lower end of
the filter housing may comprise elongate slots, and the mean diameter of the individual particles of
the filter media may be less than the width of the elongate slots formed in the lower end of the filter
housing. The lower end of the filter housing may comprise an annular portion and a central portion
which extends upwardly from the annular portion, and the upwardly extending central portion may
maintain the filter bag out of contact with the annular portion so as to form an annular chamber
substantially unobstructed by the filter ba

A reverse osmosis water purification system in which the concentrate water normally produced by the 1
process is not disposed of by routing it to a drain line or otherwise, but is redirected to the main water
supply. The system includes the well-known components of a reverse osmosis membrane, pre-filters
which are installed ahead of the reverse osmosis membrane, and an appropriate tank to store the
purified water. In addition, the system includes a pump and associated pressure sensing device for
increasing the pressure of the incoming non-processed water to the reverse osmosis unit, and a pipe
to carry the concentrate water from the reverse osmosis unit to the incoming main water supply, be it
either a cold or hot water line. Additionally included is a one-way check valve in the concentrate water
line, and a sensing device in the purified water storage tank to turn the pump off whenever the
quantity of water in the tank exceeds a predetermined amoun

A water purifier includes a replaceable pre-processing filter, a washable membrane, and a replaceable 1
post-processing filter through which potable water is sequentially conducted. A controller determines a
total use time of the filters and membrane and compares the total use time with a reference time for
replacement of the filters and washing of the membrane. When the total use time for the filters has
reached the reference time, visual and audio indicators are activated. When the total use time for the
membrane has reached the reference time, a valve is actuated which permits potable water to flow
across and clean the membrane and then be discharged to wast

The object of the present invention is a water treatment apparatus that integrates an ozone generator, 1
CT and storage tanks and a microcontroller to treat water in accordance with proposed EPA test
protocol under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticicle Act (FIFRA). The present invention
receives raw water from a municipal or private water supply, the water is passed through a
pretreatment filter to the CT chamber where ozone is dissolved in the water to kill bacteria, viruses
and other microorganisms. Ozone is manufactured in an ozone generator, pumped to the CT chamber
where it is forced through a diffuser and past a sonic wave generator to increase the mass transfer
efficiency of ozone into solution with water causing greater ozone surface area. A degassing and
ozone destruct mechanism removes ozone enriched air from the CT chamber and destroys the ozone
prior to release of the air into the environment. Water in the CT chamber is treated at a specified level
of ozone concentration for a predetermined period of time to assure that microorganisms are killed.
Treated water is pumped into a biologically static storage tank from which it is drawn upon demand.
The storage tank is protected from airborne contaminants by a blanket of ozone enriched air. Water
from the CT chamber pours through an ozone enriched air gap in the blanket, to the storage tank
where it is held for dispensing. Water in the storage tank is recirculated into the CT chamber for
retreatment when required due to recontaminatio

A water purification unit including a water inlet having a filter adapted to remove undissolved 1
contaminants from a raw water source. The water inlet is coupled to a water reservoir including a
semi-permeable membrane adapted to remove dissolved contaminants from raw water source. The
filter and the membrane function to produce permeate water having undissolved and dissolved
contaminants removed therefrom. The unit further includes a pressure source positioned within the
water reservoir, wherein the pressure source forces raw water through the semi-permeable
membrane. In addition, the unit is provided with a purified water container in fluid communication with
the water reservoir adapted to receive the permeate water, wherein the purified water container is
coupled to an oxidizing agent source. The oxidizing agent from the oxidizing agent source contacts
the permeate water to destroy any contaminants that still may remain in the wate
A water treatment or filtration unit is in two parts, a base and a cartridge. The base includes three 1
ports, one of which may be selectively plugged or otherwise disabled. The cartridge contains the
water treating material and is screwed into a socket in the base. Openings in the cartridge are then
aligned with openings in the base to allow water to pass therethrough. Cartridges may be readily
exchanged by simply unscrewing from, and screwing into, the bas

The invention pertains to the polymerization of molecules having electrophilic and nucleophilic 1
substituents on the same or different molecules, such polymerization mediated by aminopyridine
catalysts which are substantially regenerated during polymerization. The invention also pertains to
polymer products of such polymerization, to permselective membranes containing such polymers, and
to processes and apparatus for separating fluid

The present invention is directed to a microporous membrane contactor for degassing liquids at 1
temperatures greater than (>) 60.degree. C. and at pressures greater than or equal (.gtoreq.) to 40
psig. The contactor has a microporous hollow fiber membrane adapted to withstand collapse and
resist appreciable pore shrinkage or pore closure when subjected to liquid temperatures greater than
(>) 60.degree. C. and liquid pressures greater than or equal to (.gtoreq.) 40 psig for a period of
greater than or equal to (.gtoreq.) 30 days. A housing encloses the membran

A method and apparatus for purifying contaminated water includes four subsystems for removing 1
undissolved solids, precipitation and flocculation of dissolved solids, polishing or cation removal of
dissolved solids, and metallurgical furnace treatment of the separated contaminants along with gas
cleaning. A unique high density inorganic adsorbent, produced during the reducing atmosphere Waelz
Kiln processing of iron, zinc, lead and cadmium rich Electric Arc Furnace dust, is used to raise the pH
level of the contaminated water in the precipitation procedure and again as an adsorbent filter bed in
a clear well extraction vessel used in the polishing ste

A water treatment unit includes a base and a disposable, plug-in cartridge. The cartridge contains a 1
pair of hollow cylindrical, porous, solid water treatment elements designed to treat water flowing
radially through their walls. The cylindrical elements are mounted so as to act in parallel, thereby
achieving the advantages of a long, thin-walled element in a compact configuratio

A low-cost portable water treatment device having a low-cost replaceable filter. The device includes a 1
housing having an inlet, an outlet and a water filtration chamber. The replaceable filter is disposed in
the water filtration chamber and comprises a disk having a compressible peripheral portion. The
device includes a mechanism for compressing the peripheral portion to seal the filter and a
mechanism for forcing contaminated water through the filter and out the outlet. The device also
includes a storage compartment for a spare filter. Methods for manufacturing the low-cost filter and for
sealing the filter in the device are disclose

An improved electro-coalescent/magnetic separation (ECMS) system for removing contaminants from

water, including desalinization, comprises a device for exposing a stream of water to be treated to an
electric field, followed by introduction of ionized coagulating substances, including ionized gases
and/or metal ions, followed by plural filter stages. The first filter stage may comprise a polarizable
glass, alumina, or ceramic media provided as a bed in a tank with an underdrain, so as to provide
substantial residence time. A polishing filter may comprise a very fine fiber or organic gel filter element
confined between relatively flexible electrically-conductive screen members and provided with a DC
power supply to polarize the filter. This assembly is confined between relatively rigid, perforated
members such that the filter assembly can move slightly upon backwash to dislodge caked-on
contaminants or the like, while preserving the structural integrity of the filter assembl
A water dispenser including a water tank for storing water supplied from a water bottle; an electrolytic 1
cell including an anode, a cathode, and a three-dimensional carbon electrode provided between the
anode and the cathode, the electrolytic cell being provided downstream of the water tank; a water
outlet valve provided downstream of the electrolytic cell; and a power supply for applying an electric
current to the anode so as to polarize the electrode for sterilizing the wate

A device and method for selectively removing one or more components from a multicomponent 1
gas/vapor mixture by membrane fractionation. The membrane fractionation gas removal system
preferably comprises: a feed chamber which contains the gas/vapor mixture; at least one porous
membrane having a first side which contacts the gas/vapor mixture in the feed chamber, and a
second side; at least one nonporous membrane having a first side which contacts the second side of
the at least one porous membrane, and a second side, the nonporous membrane having a
permeability selective to one or more components; an exit chamber connected to the second side of
the at least one nonporous membrane such that the component exiting the nonporous gas enters the
exit chamber; and an evacuation member connected to the exit chamber for evacuating one or more
components from within the exit chamber. The one or more components are transported through the
porous membrane, adsorbed out of the gas/vapor multicomponent gas mixture onto the surface of the
porous membrane, through the nonporous membrane, and into the exit chamber. The one or more
components preferably condense within the pores of the at least one porous membran

A water treatment method and apparatus is described for generating a supply of activated water
containing oxidants, including hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroperoxy radicals, but
excluding ozone. The apparatus includes a generator having ultraviolet lamps to which air is exposed
to create activated air. To suppress the generation of ozone in the activated air, the air subjected to
the ultraviolet lamps is maintained at a relative high humidity. Also, the activated air is generated in
the presence of a catalyst and using 254 nm light, both of which are believed to aid in the destruction
of any ozone generated by the exposure of the air to other wavelengths of the uv light. The catalyst
also provides additional oxidants in the air. The activated air is entrained in the water using an injector
to thereby produce the activated water. A mixer can be used to subject the activated water coming
from the injector to turbulent flow conditions to thereby further break up the activated air within the
water. In one specific application, the activated water is utilized as a part of a method and apparatus
for washing laundry. The laundry is agitated in wash water made up from the activated water. The
wash water can be continuously recirculated from the chamber containing the wash water and
laundry, through the injector where additional activated air is added, then through the mixer, and
thereafter back into the chambe

A method for treating water with an electrolytic cell including an anode, a cathode, and a three-
dimensional carbon electrode provided between the anode and the cathode, the method comprising
the steps of supplying the water having an electric resistivity of not less than 10 M OMEGA xcm into
the electrolytic cell; applying an electric current to the anode and the cathode so as to polarize the
electrodes for sterilizing the water, wherein a first distance between the electrode and the anode and
a second distance between the electrode and the cathode are not more than 1.0 m

A water purifier includes a casing and filters disposed in the casing for receiving unpurified water and 1
producing purified water and waste water therefrom. A ratio of purified water to waste water being
produced is controlled by a control knob rotatably mounted in a control box disposed exteriorly on a
wall of the casing. The control knob rotates beneath a setting point marked on a wall of the control
box. The control knob includes a plurality of regularly spaced indicator marks which can be selectively
brought into alignment with the set point to enable a setting of the control knob to be visually
determine
A water purifier includes a casing containing a filter unit for purifying tap water and conducting the 1
purified water through a first conduit to a storage tank disposed in the casing. Concentrated waste
water from the filter unit is discharged from the casing. In order to avoid dissembling the water purifier
to determine a ratio of the amount of water being purified to the amount of waste water being
generated, a second conduit is connected to the first conduit at a location below the tank. The second
conduit communicates with a valve mounted on an exterior wall of the casing. The valve is actuable
from outside of the casing to cause purified water from the filter unit to by-pass the tank and instead
be collected outside of the casing so that the ratio of purified water to waste water can be determine

The present invention relates to a water purifying system having hydrogen peroxide added therein
which utilizes an improved UV lighting system with a baffle functioning to increase the exposure of
microorganisms and molecular hydrogen peroxide to the UV irradiation. The increased exposure
increases the kill rate and overall disinfecting capability of the system. In addition an ozonator can be
utilized in combination with the improved UV lighting system which still further increases disinfecting
efficienc

Process and apparatus for treating water containing halogenated ethylenes, preferably ground water,
for use and consumption by humans and animals, in which the water is exposed to the action of
ozone and to high energy, in particular ionizing radiation. In a preliminary treatment, ozone is added to
and/or mixed with water of essentially drinking water quality except for the above-mentioned
halogenated ethylene constituents and harmful substances. The circulating water is then irradiated
with electrons. The ozone concentration immediately after leaving the irradiated region is at least 0.1
pp

A water purification apparatus for purifying input water and dispensing a user selected quantity of
purified water into a portable container in response to deposit of a predetermined amount of money.
The apparatus comprises a first purified water path and a second purified water path. The first purified
water path includes a reverse osmosis filter and a storage tank. The second purified water path
includes an ultraviolet sterilizing unit connected between the tank and a dispensing unit with one or
more dispensing valves. A recirculation water path periodically recirculates tank water through the
ultraviolet sterilizing apparatus to improve and maintain the purity thereof. Another water recirculation
path may be provided to recirculate concentrate from the reverse osmosis filter to a filter inlet line
where it is mixed with input wate

This invention relates to an apparatus for displaying the purifying efficiency of a water purifier. The 1
apparatus is adapted to compare the quality of supplied water with that of purified water and then
display the result. The apparatus comprises a supply water quality sensing element for sensing an
amount of pollutant substances contained in the supplied fresh water and produced water quality
sensing element for sensing an amount of pollutant substances contained in purified water that has
passed though filters in the purifier. An amplifying unit is included for amplifying weak signals sensed
by the sensors. A subtractor receives the signals obtained from the amplifying unit and derives a
difference between the amplified signals. A divider is supplied for dividing the output signal from the
subtractor by the sensed and amplified signal from the supply water quality sensing element, and an
adjusting unit is provided for adjusting erroneous values to obtain the correct results of the subtractor
and divider. A control unit derives the purifying efficiency based upon the signal output from the divider
and, from the above derived result, outputs a signal indicating the purifying efficiency and the purified
state of the purified water. A displaying unit receives the output signal from the control unit via a
driving circuit, and displays the purifying efficiency and the purified stat

The present invention is related to a method and apparatus for filtering or straining water taken into a 1
marine vessel so as to remove solid contaminants that may impede operation of water consuming
devices on the vessel such as electrical generators, air conditioners, refrigeration systems, propulsion
engines and the like. Solid contaminants retained by a filter or strainer are collected and then
macerated and removed by a macerator pump. The solid contaminants removed and macerated
include marine weeds, grasses, solid matter and marine organisms, including, but not limited to
jellyfish and fish of such size as may be able to enter the sea water intake served by the invention.
The water so treated may be fresh, brackish or salt wate
A water filter includes a housing, a base adapted to engage with a lower end of the housing, two 1
filtering cores each having a cylindrical casing threadedly connected with an upper circular cover and
a lower circular cover, the lower circular cover having a threaded circular shoulder depending
downwardly therefrom and a tubular neck having an upper end extending upwardly from the threaded
circular shoulder and a lower end extending downwardly from the threaded circular shoulder, a first
seat formed with an inner neck and an outer neck and arranged in a respective recess of the base,
and a second seat formed with an second inner neck and an second outer neck and fitted into a
respective recess of the base, whereby the water filter will provide two circulation cycles for purifying
wate

A water purification system utilizes a radial filter and an ultraviolet lamp in a small, portable,
countertop housing. A standpipe is positioned between the filter and the ultraviolet lamp to control the
flow of water so that it flows along substantially the entire length of the UV lamp. The lamp is made
integral with a quartz-tube covering and a threaded cap and connector to enable replacement of the
UV lamp assembly. The housing encompassing the filter system is also easily disassembled to enable
cleaning of the housing and replacement of the filter. A pressure vent is provided in the housing cover
to equalize pressure and provide for a water level differential when the filter is disabled. A UV lamp
indicator is included to show that the lamp is in operatio

A water purifier includes filters for purifying tap water, a storage tank for storing the purified water, and 1
hot and cold water tanks for respectively heating and cooling water received from the storage tank.
Water is dispensed from the hot and cold water tanks. An ultraviolet lamp is provided for sterilizing
water in the storage tank. A controller controls a valve for supplying tap water to the filters. The
controller closes the valve when water in the storage tank reaches a first reference level and opens
the valve when the water level descends to a second reference level. The controller keeps the lamp
deactivated while the valve is open, and activates the lamp at periodic intervals during a time when
the water level remains above a third reference leve

A monitoring device for an impurity filtration system of drinking water comprising a microprocessor 1
that controls the overall operations of the monitoring system, a LCD indicating circuit that relates
information to maintenance personnel, a detecting component that analyses related data for
determining the condition and extents of clogging of the impurity filter devices, a warning component
that produces verbal or musical sound for warning consumers about the clogged condition of the
water impurity filter devices, and a power switching component that cuts off electricity supply to the
water pump of the purification system. In operation, the impurity filter devices will be clogged by
impurities after being used for a period of time. If the impurity filter devices are clogged, the monitoring
device will make a sound to warn of such condition of the impurity filter devices and will eventually cut
off the power supply to the pump for stopping water delivery if the clogged impurity filter devices are
not replaced after a certain period of tim

A germicidal water cleansing apparatus having an ellipsoid chamber which contains UV lamps along
the major axis of the ellipsoid. Each of the ends of the ellipsoid has an opening to allow the entry and
exit of a liquid. The chamber is formed from an ultraviolet reflective material such as spun aluminum
to allow uniform dispersion of the ultraviolet radiation throughout the chamber. The liquid is drawn
through the chamber at a rate to assure a high kill rate of microorganisms present in the liqui

An apparatus for treating water to produce potable water includes a filter connected to an inlet of a
heating unit in turn connected at an outlet to an input of a container with cooling components for
separating out heavy water. The heavy water separator is coupled at an outlet to a tank having
cooling and heating components and an ultraviolet radiation source for irradiating the water sample
from the heavy water separator with ultraviolet radiation during a freezing and subsequent warming of
the water sample. A storage vessel and a silver ionizer are disposed on a downstream side of the
ultraviolet treatment tank. Various operations, including timing and water transfer, heating cooling and
irradiating, are controlled by a programmed computer. Temperature sensors are disposed in the
heating unit, the heavy water separator and the irradiation tank for monitoring temperatures of the
water in the heating unit, the container and/or the tank. The programmed computer is operatively
coupled to the sensors for controlling the cooling components and the heat exchange components in
response to signals from the sensor
A faucet mounted water filtration system with a filter life monitor includes a filter housing with a flexible 1
cap which deflects upon introduction of water into the housing. The deflection of the cap closes a
switch on an electrical circuit which counts the time the water is flowing through the housing. Once a
predetermined amount of time accumulates, the circuit generates a message to inform the user that
the filter needs replacement. The invention further includes a selector switch on the electrical circuit
for signaling the circuit to count one of two predetermined amounts of time prior to generating a
messag

Adsorbent media are prepared by contacting support material with iron containing solutions, followed
by drying to coat the support material with iron. Support materials such as sand and olivine are
described. The adsorbent material can be used to remove metal contaminants and natural organic
matter from wate

A coin-operated purified water dispensing machine has an exterior housing shaped like a kiosk for a 1
mall. A state of the art water purification system is housed in the kiosk. A unique combination of an RO
filter and a bladder type storage tank minimizes the necessary components to pump and measure the
purified water. A unique tamper proof and bacteria resistant nozzle assembly includes a retractable
nozzle having a shutter door to prevent access while in the passive mode. A pinch valve assembly
controls the water flow in a non-invasive manner. Also a continuous flow of ozone to the nozzle
assembly deters bacteria growt

A filter assembly for a flexible, portable bottle having a sealing cap including a filter attached to the 1
interior of the cap to filter out substantially all INORGANICS, ORGANICS, RADIOLOGICAL
CHEMICALS AND MICROBIOLIGY. The filter assembly also may include a second filter or Iodinator
sealed in the flexible bottle to further remove micro-organisms from water passing therethrough. The
filter assembly is designed so that the flexible bottle must be pressurized, as by being hand pressed,
after it is filled with water to force flow of water through the either or both of the filters. The filter in the
cap includes a check valve to allow the bottle to be repressurized after water has been dispensed
from the bottl

A water purification system for home or light commercial application including a preconditioning stage 1
followed by an integrated water sterilization stage. Both stages utilize a single pressure chamber in
which the active medium for the preconditioning stage is placed within this chamber as is the entire
sterilization stage. More specifically, UV sterilization is contemplated with the UV stage having a
stainless steel vessel which, however, is operated at zero differential pressure. A single head is fitted
to the top of the pressure chamber and serves multiple functions of admitting the water to be purified
and expelling the purified water and, further, to retain the UV vessel, the UV lamp and quartz shield. A
segregation device is positioned at the inlet to the UV vessel to separate the respective stages and to
assure that none of the preconditioning medium is admitted to the UV vesse

A photo-catalyzer for deodorizing, cleaning, sterilizing, and water purifying operations includes a
substrate, a titanium dioxide film disposed on the substrate and functioning as a photo-catalyst, and a
light-emitting diode disposed adjacent to the titanium dioxide film and producing ultraviolet light having
a wavelength from 360 to 400 nm onto the titanium dioxide film. The photo-catalyzer can be used in
places where there is no sunlight because it is optionally provided with a light-emitting diode. The
light-emitting diode does not require a large installation space because it is an extremely small light-
emitting device. Hence, the photo-catalyzer has a compact structure and can be used easily
anywhere, including small places. The substrate can be fabricated into a variety of useful appliances
to take advantage of the strong oxidizing properties of the photo-catalyzer. Devices comprising a
photo-catalyzer may be used for deodorizing, destroying or repelling micro-organisms, and including
undertaking air or water purificatio
The present invention relates to a desktop drinking water machine and includes a reverse osmosis 1
mechanism consisting of a reverse osmosis filter and a pair of active carbon filters. The reverse
osmosis mechanism is linked to a pump through an inlet pipe, a pure water pipe connected to a
reservoir and an outlet pipe connected to the original reservoir where both pipes link the original
reservoir to the pump. A water level sensor in the reservoir is linked with the pump through a
processor to control a water pumping operation. When the water level rises above the water level
sensor, the pump is initiated and delivers water from the reservoir into the reverse osmosis
mechanism. Pure water then flows into the storage tank and waste water flows to the reservoir. When
the volume of the water in the reservoir is approximately one-third of the volume of the original water
maintained in the reservoir, the pump is deactivated. At this time, the purified water contained in the
storage tank approximates two-thirds of the volume of the water in the reservoir which provides for an
increased purifying rat

A water purifier using common advantages of natural and forced types operated without an external 1
electric power source, resulting in high efficiency of water purification. The apparatus for purifying
water includes a first water-supply pipe for transporting running water with a predetermined pressure,
a second water-supply pipe for pumping the running water to the highest position of the apparatus, a
first purifying section for temporarily storing and purifying the water provided by the second water-
supply pipe as water flows down by its own gravitational force, a second purifying section for
temporarily storing and purifying the water passing through the first purifying section as water flows
down by its own gravitation force, and a transparent storage section for storing the water passing
through the second purifying section, wherein the first and second purifying sections detect the water
levels which fill up from the transparent storage section to the first and/or second purifying sections,
thereby control the inflow of water from the second water-supply pipe in accordance with the existing
water levels in the first and second purifying section

A method of forming a filter package includes disposing a filter and a liquid in a container with the filter 1
immersed in the liquid and sanitizing the liquid and the filter while in the container. After sanitizing, the
container may be hermetically sealed to enclose the sanitized liquid and filter. The container may be
vented during sanitizing to allow vapor of the liquid to exit from the container and prevent pressure
from building up in the container. The container may be either rigid or flexibl

The invention provides a composition for use in the recovery of precious metals, or the treatment
and/or purification of water, the composition being selected from a catolytic solution having a pH
greater than 7, an anolytic solution having a pH less than 7, and a near-neutral solution having a pH
near 7, or a mixture of two or more of said solutions. The invention also relates to a process for the
recovery of precious metals from precious metal-bearing ore using the above composition. Further,
there is provided a process for making a composition, the process comprising activating water by
subjecting it to a magnetic treatment; subjecting the water to electrolysis in a reactor; introducing
additives to the activated water in the reactor to form a reaction mixture; subjecting the reaction
mixture to photoelectrolysis and/or radioelectrolysis; and separating an anolyte and catholyte in the
reacto

A water treatment apparatus (10) comprising an elongate metallic brace (12) mounted to a wall (14).
Components (16) are for connecting the elongate metallic brace (12) to an inlet water pipe (18) and
an outlet water pipe (20), so as to electrically ground the inlet water pipe (18) to the outlet water pipe
(20). The elongated metallic brace (12) will also reinforce and stabilize the apparatus (10) in an in line
installation to the inlet water pipe (18) and the outlet water pipe (20). A housing assembly (22) has a
lamp entrance (24), a water inlet port (26) and a water outlet port (28). The housing assembly (22) is
prefabricated, so that it can be completely dismantled for cleaning and easily reassembled for use. A
facility (30) is for fluidly attaching and detaching the inlet water pipe (18) to the water inlet port (26)
and the outlet water pipe (20) to the water outlet port (28) of the housing assembly (22) for a quick in
line installation. An elongate transparent quartz tube (32) connected to the lamp entrance (24) and
centrally disposed in a leakproof manner within the housing assembly (22), is capable of passing
ultraviolet rays therethrough. An elongate ultraviolet lamp (34) is inserted through the lamp entrance
(24) of the housing assembly (22) and into the elongate transparent quartz tube (32), so that water
passing through the housing assembly (22) will have bacteria removed therefro
Microporous ultrafiltration membranes containing polymeric material having oxyalkylene tentacles 1
dangling from a carbon backbone can be improved for separation of micromaterials such as salts,
unicellular pathogens and the like by separating said tentacles further part on the carbon backbon

A portable multi-functional modular water filtration unit having configurable modules that can be 1
adapted to render environmental water potable or to isolate contaminants from groundwater or water
from other sources such as backwash from reverse osmosis water purification units (ROWPU) or
shower and laundry water (""gray water"") such that the water may be recycled or discharged in full
compliance with applicable laws. Plural treatment tanks as well as inlet and outlet filters are
coupleable via pressure gauge bearing quick connect fittings in series and parallel arrangements, to
allow changes of filter elements (for replacement or substitution of a different active material) and to
accommodate flow in filtration arrays. The water purification system specifically addresses the
changing water purifying needs that arise during troop deployment, training and maneuvers, disaster
relief and environmental cleanu

A water station, or cabinet, or console, particularly for use in kitchens and in restaurant kitchens and in 1
oriental restaurant kitchens, contains (i) a reverse osmosis system, and (ii) a sink. The water cabinet
dispenses copious amounts of (i) water purified by reverse osmosis (""RO water""), as well as (ii) tap,
or supply, water and (iii) waste water from the reverse osmosis (RO) process, respectively from three
faucets in position over the sink. The cabinet is compact: it fits within the footprint of, and replaces, a
conventional restaurant sink. The RO water purification performed by the RO system completely
within the cabinet is water-conserving, typically producing RO purified water and waste water at a
ratio as low as one-to one (1:1) by using an adjustable feedback path for waste water. Operational
status is clearly visible. Maintenance is easy, with sediment filters replaceable on-line. RO purified
water is supplied to external devices, including ""rice robots"" and auxiliary purified water storage
tanks, by plumbed connection

In a offshore oil and gas platform located over seawater in an open sea environment, the platform 1
having drilling equipment, crew quarters, and a potable water holding tank for holding potable water, a
portable desalination apparatus for producing potable water from seawater. The apparatus is
comprised of a support skid to which is mounted a plurality of removable lifting lugs. A pump with
associated piping and valves are fixed to the skid for collecting seawater from the open sea
environment. Additional piping and valves are provided for moving seawater from the pump to a
seawater filter. Additional piping and valves are used for moving the filtered seawater to a plurality of
first pressure vessels each having reverse osmosis elements to produce a first quantity of brine water
and a first quantity of desalinated water from the filtered seawater. Other piping and valves are used
to move the first quantity of brine water to a second plurality of pressure vessels, each of the second
pressure vessels also has reverse osmosis elements to produce a second quantity of brine water and
a second quantity of desalinated water. Additional piping and valves are used for discharging the
second quantity of brine water to a disposal system and collecting and transporting the first and
second quantities of desalinated water an ultraviolet light chamber to expose the desalinated water to
ultraviolet light to produce potable water. Structure is provided for discharging the potable water to the
potable water holding tank of the platfor

A water saving device for a reverse osmosis water fountain machine is provided in which an aspirating 1
pipe with a solenoid valve is coupled to an intake pipe line at the front end of the reverse osmosis
cylinder. Before that joint, another solenoid valve is connected to the intake pipe line. The rear end of
the aspirating pipe extends into a reservoir. A solenoid valve is connected to a drain pipe line of the
reverse osmosis cylinder, and extends into an input pipe of a reservoir. All of the solenoid valves are
controlled by a central processing unit to change the working state of the water purification system.
One such operating state is the recycling of the waste water from the reverse osmosis cylinder,
thereby reducing the amount of waste water produce
The invention relates to a new water purification system design that uses reverse osmosis membrane 1
filtration and optional ultra violet light treatment. The new system creates the potential for achieving a
higher standard of performance for point-of-use reverse osmosis systems. The system provides for a
multiple pass, multiple barrier method for delivering freshly treated, high-quality water from the
system. A microprocessor controlled operating system maintains the system within a narrow range of
optimal performance at all times. The system provides for two water storage tanks, each equipped
with its own pump. With an operating system sequence of alternating flow cycles, an internal state of
continuous water movement and dynamic treatment is created and maintained within the elements of
the system. The system dynamics contribute to microbial control throughout the system. The system
incorporates cross flow filtration in all elements. Both hardware and software innovations contribute to
the improved design and operational performance of the system. The operational aspects of the
system contribute to the reduced operational costs, high contaminant rejection and a fifty percent
water recover

A Portable Automated Water Purifier and Method is disclosed. Also disclosed is a preferred purifier 1
that accepts supply water from a common water spigot and purifies it via a reverse osmosis (or other
preferred filtration) process. The purified water is dispensed into a vessel until such time as a non-
intrusive level detector indicates that the vessel is fill. The preferred level detector is able to detect the
amount of water in the vessel from outside of the vessel, and without the use of a weight scale. The
device might detect when the vessel is removed from it's dispensing location, such that the purifier
dispensing will be stopped. The preferred purifier includes guides to steady the vessel as it sits in the
dispensing location. In another preferred embodiment, a means for filling a beverage preparing
device, such as an automatic coffee maker, is included. The alternative purifier is able to selectably
dispense into a vessel or into the holding tank of the beverage preparing device, and further includes
a timer means for starting the purifier and directing the dispensing into the holding tan

A hand held shower head and filter assembly for attachment to a waterline to remove chlorine and 1
other substances from water. This assembly includes a reversible and reusable filter assembly for use
with hot water passing through a two stage bed of ceramic-type calcium sulfite beads and a
copper/zinc material. The device includes an elongated, hollow handle which holds the filter element
therein in such a manner that the filter media reacts with or removes chlorine and other substances
more efficiently from shower water, thereby allowing a greater volume of water to be treated, as well
as the treatment of water at elevated temperatures, in a more versatile and useful devic

Device and process for the substance-specific treatment of fluids by means of treatment elements 1
made from porous membranes, arranged in a casing, where the treatment elements have cavities
which are closed or open in the direction of the outlet arrangement of the casing and the treatment
elements are arranged in the casing such that a continuous channel system is formed around them
and which substantially surrounds them. The fluid to be treated flows as the primary stream around
the treatment elements along essentially their entire exterior, and part of this primary stream flows as
a secondary stream through the porous membrane wall of the treatment elements wherein the
substance-specific treatment is performed, collects in the cavities and leaves the treatment elements
again in order to be reunited with the primary stream within the casin

An improvement in a water filter cartridge of the type having a substantially frustoconical vessel 1
member defining a vertical axis and containing a granular purifying agent which is insoluble in water.
The vessel member has a screen-like end wall portion at the lower end thereof. A hollow substantially
frustoconical cover member is attached to the vessel member and coaxial with the vertical axis
thereof. The cover member defines an annular rim portion and a first slanted portion extending
upwardly and inwardly from the rim portion, and a substantially flat-topped second portion, the first
portion having a multiplicity of vertically oriented water entry flow slots arrayed therearound. The
vessel member and the cover member together define a container for receiving and retaining said
granular purifying agent therein. A first layer of filtration material is disposed within said vessel
member and layered upon said granular purifying agent. The water filter cartridge is for use in a water
filtration device. The improvement comprises the provision of a water flow directing ring positioned
above the granular purifying agent and above the first layer of filtration material. The water flow
directing ring has a substantially peripherally disposed main body portion shaped and dimensioned to
contact the container at its interior surface at a level above the granular purifying agent and below the
water entry flow slots. At least one drip arm extends radially inwardly from the main body portion in
overlying relation to the granular purifying agent and the first layer of filtration materia
A process for concentrating and destroying the perchlorate and nitrate anions present in ground water
and drinking water sources is disclosed. In the process, the perchlorate and nitrate anions present in
feed water are concentrated into a much smaller effluent stream. A typical process configuration
involves using a continuous contacter apparatus known as ISEP wherein the perchlorate present in
feed water is adsorbed on to an ion-exchange resin resulting in a perchlorate-free treated water. The
ISEP unit also incorporates a regeneration zone where the adsorbed perchlorate is effectively
removed from the resin using relatively low volumes of concentrated brine solution as the regenerant.
The waste from the ISEP unit is a concentrated brine solution containing perchlorate and other anions
that may be present in the feed stream. This waste stream from the ISEP unit is treated by a
combination of: i) bioreactor or a catalytic reactor that removes perchlorate and nitrate (if present)
anions ii) sulfate removal (if needed) by nanofiltration or other established methods and iii) filters and
a disinfectant system to render the brine stream re-usable. The resulting stream is recycled back into
the process. The entire process results in a very small waste stream that needs disposal. The process
can be applied to feed water streams containing either perchlorate alone or perchlorate and other
anions such as nitrate, sulfate and bicarbonat

A water treating device includes an outer casing, a reverse osmosis tube, a side cap, and an outlet 1
tube. The outer casing includes an outer tube having a first inlet for water and a first outlet, an inner
tube mounted inside the outer tube and including a number of holes defined in a periphery of an end
thereof, and a water-permeable layer mounted between the inner tube and the outer tube. The
reverse osmosis tube is mounted in the inner tube and includes a second inlet for water from the
holes of the inner tube and adjacent to the end of the outer tube. The reverse osmosis tube further
includes a second outlet for pure water. The side cap is mounted to seal a first end of the outer casing
and includes a first electric rod to interconnect the outer tube with a positive power connection and a
second electric rod to interconnect the inner tube with a negative power connection. The outlet cap is
mounted to seal the other end of the outer casing and includes a third outlet communicated with the
second outlet for pure water and a flood hole for outputting impure water. When power is supplied to
the positive power connection and the negative power connection, water that enters a space between
the inner tube and the outer tube is electrolyzed such that negative ionic water is outputted via the first
outlet of the outer tube, and cationic water is passed through the reverse osmosis tube to proceed
with acid wash on the reverse osmosis tube and then outputted via the flood hole of the outlet ca

A water vending machine is provided of the type having a water purification system for producing a 1
supply of relatively purified water for dispensing into a customer-supplied container such as a water
bottle. The vending machine includes an open dispense chamber for receiving and supporting the
water bottle beneath a dispense nozzle through which water is delivered in response to coin-initiated
operation of a machine control panel. A trap door normally conceals and thereby prevents
unauthorized access to the dispense nozzle, wherein the trap door is retracted upon operation of the
control panel to expose the dispense nozzle and permit water dispensing to the bottle. In addition, the
vending machine includes an improved door lock assembly including a square-shaped and rotatable
main lock cartridge seated in a locked condition within a matingly shaped lock case, wherein this door
lock assembly provides improved security locking of a machine access doo

A modular water treatment and purification system, suitable for home use, is connected to a water 1
supply and contains a closed fluid treatment circuit extending to a water outlet. The closed fluid circuit
flows through a plurality of replaceable water treatment modules each having a specific water
treatment function, such as the removal of a particular material from the water by the use of filtration,
carbon adsorption, ion exchange or the addition of a chemical to balance the desired water
conditions. Preferably the circuit also includes traversing a radiation device, for example an ultra violet
light, for the purpose of sanitizing the wate

A method for removing metal contaminate from substrate includes four subsystems for removing 1
larger uncontaminated particles by sizing classifying and washing procedures, microfiltration and ion-
exchange processing of the overflow stream of water and water-borne contaminants, polishing of the
microfiltrate through a bottom-fed clear-well extraction vessel for subsequent return as
uncontaminated water and metallurgical furnace processing of the ion-exchange, clear-well extraction
vessel polishing and optionally to selectively recover individual metal species from the contaminated
flo
A counter top reverse osmosis water purification system, suitable for home use, is connected to a 1
water supply and contains a closed fluid treatment circuit extending to a water outlet. The closed fluid
circuit flows through a plurality of replaceable water treatment modules mounted on a flowboard and
each having a specific water treatment function, such as the removal of a particular material from the
water by the use of reverse osmosis, filtration, carbon adsorption, ion exchange or the addition of a
chemical to balance the desired water conditions. Preferably the circuit also includes traversing a
radiation device, for example an ultraviolet light, for the purpose of sanitizing the wate

A water treatment and disinfection apparatus is provided, which has separate flow channels to allow
entry and exit of separate streams of water through the apparatus, with an ultraviolet light source
emitting rays through first and second ultraviolet transparent sleeves having an annular space
therebetween to form an inner flow channel and an annular space between the second sleeve and an
ultraviolet resistant pressure vessel. The apparatus of the invention is specially suited for disinfection
of water in reverse osmosis water purification systems, whereby pre-reverse osmosis (untreated)
water and post-reverse osmosis (treated) water are directed inside the apparatus of the invention to
be separately and simultaneously disinfected by ultraviolet rays and again separately exit the
apparatu

A reverse osmosis water purifier system uses municipal line water pressure to separate pure water 1
molecules from dissolved and undissolved matter. The system makes and stores product water in a
sanitary enclosed pressure vessel in the absence of back pressure. A small water cell tank and a
hydraulically powered control valve enable delivery at a fast flow rate near line pressure flow rate. The
control valve is a combination sensing and multiple valving device that automatically turns on product
water when it is called for by a user or an ice-maker. It automatically replaces water that is drawn,
then turns itself off when its tank is full. It fast flushes the dirty side of its R.O. membrane while fast
flow water is being drawn, and it slow flushes the same side of the membrane while the system is
making product water. These alternating slow and fast flushes whisk away residue from a built-in brine
restricter. All flushes sweep debris down the drain. The piston of the control valve moves reciprocally
with and against water pressure. When moving against water pressure, additional power or bias is
required to move the piston against line pressure. In lieu of a conventional mechanical bias, the novel
piston levers hydraulic power by providing a trailing end of the piston with a larger surface area than
its leading end, resulting in no mechanical bias drag and a greater range of operating pressur

Water to be purified is passed through a reverse osmosis step to produce a pure water stream and a 1
waste water stream. The waste water is directed to a deionization step to produce purified deionized
water which is recycled to the reverse osmosis step. The process directs far less water to waste as
compared to conventional reverse osmosis processes. The process also produces water of higher
organic and inorganic purity than can be obtained by either reverse osmosis or deionization alon

A gravity-flow water filter cartridge for use in a drinking water carafe or the like includes a high-surface 1
area cyst reduction filter element disposed in a water-retaining reservoir within the cartridge; the
reservoir retains sufficient water between filtering and during dispensing cycles to maintain the filter
element in a fully immersed state, whereby the primed (air-free) condition of the filter necessary for
fast gravity flow at high cyst reduction efficiency is maintaine

A process for producing a low sulfate organic sulfonate/sulfate aqueous solution from a soluble sulfate 1
containing organic sulfonate/sulfate which comprises forming an aqueous solution of organic
sulfonate/sulfate; and passing the aqueous solution of the organic sulfonate/sulfate containing the
soluble sulfate over a nanofiltration zone at an elevated pressure to form a retentate with a reduced
sulfate content and a permeate containing the soluble sulfate and organic materia
Apparatus and methods for producing potable water from an aqueous feed such as seawater utilizing 1
a pressure vessel designed for operation in the range of about 250 psig to about 350 psig having
reverse osmosis (RO) separation elements disposed upstream of at least one nanofiltrate separation
element. The supply of seawater at such pressure creates no permeate flow through the RO
membranes, so the seawater flushes the feed side of the RO elements on its way to the NF element
where very substantial permeate flux occurs, producing a NF permeate substantially depleted in
divalent ions and optionally moderately depleted in monovalent ions. The NF permeate is collected in
a holding tank having liquid level switches, and when a desired level is reached, a control system
causes the pump to draw suction from the holding tank while shutting off feed from the seawater
source. When the NF permeate is supplied to the feed side of the RO elements, its osmotic pressure
is such that substantial RO permeation now occurs creating a stream of good quality potable water.
During both stages of operation, energy is conserved by routing the concentrate stream leaving the
pressure vessel through an energy recovery device that boosts the pressure of the liquid being
discharged from the positive displacement pum

A reverse osmosis water purification system for providing potable water from a municipal water or 1
other source containing undesired impurities. A motor driven pump supplies a feed stream to a
reverse osmosis unit resulting in the creation of a product water stream and a concentrate or brine
stream. The inclusion of a product water holding tank may be optionally omitted by routing the product
water outlet stream directly to the tap via a branched line. A pressure sensor causes a solenoid valve
to open when the withdrawal of water from the tap is terminated, opening a valve in the branch line
leading back to the pump. The pump then continues to run, recirculating the product water stream to a
mixing unit where it is blended with a major part of the concentrate stream that is being recycled and
with make-up fresh water to create a composite feed stream. As the system continues to run in this
recirculation mode, the composite feed stream entering the purification unit becomes gradually purer,
and once the quality reaches a desired level, the system is placed in shutdown mode. Because of the
high quality of the water on the feed side of the membrane in the reverse osmosis unit, little
contamination of the purified water on the product side occurs during shutdow

The present invention provides a system and method for enhancing hydrocarbon production from a 1
subsurface hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The system includes a mechanical fluid treatment unit that
substantially reduces the concentration of precursor ions from the injection water. The treated water is
injected under pressure into an injection well to cause the hydrocarbons to flow toward a production
well. A chemical unit injects selected amounts of additives into the injection well to inhibit in-situ
growth of crystals from insoluble salt precipitates formed due to the interaction of precursor ions
present in the injected water and ions residents in the reservoir. The selected chemicals and their
respective amounts are determined at least partially based on reservoir characteristics and the
concentration of precursor ions in the treated wate

A water filter used for treating tap water. The water filter provides a consumer with protection against 1
major water contaminants found in municipal water supplies. The filter includes a cylindrical filter
cartridge with a number of filter layers therein. The filter cartridge includes an upper filter cap and a
lower filter cap received in opposite ends of the cartridge. The cartridge includes a plurality of filter
pads which may or may not be used as dividers between the various layers of filter material. The filter
pads are designed to remove large and small sediments in the water. In an upstream upper portion of
the cartridge is layer of a granulated zinc and copper alloy. The zinc and copper alloy is used for
removing chlorine and some heavy metals in the water and acting as a bacteriostat for keeping
bacteria from growing inside said cartridge. In a center portion of the filter cartridge is a layer of
granulated activated carbon. The activated carbon is used for removing chlorine, odor, color and other
pollutants. Downstream from the activated carbon is a layer of a granulated ion exchange resin. The
resin is used for removing lead. In a downstream bottom portion of the cartridge is a layer of
granulated calcite. The calcite is used to raise the water's pH. The last stage of the filter is a one
micron absolute depth filter material. This filter material is used for screening out cysts and protozo
A filter assembly for use with a bottle having a substantially circular cross-section neck or open end 1
includes a cap for closing the bottle neck or open end including an upper surface, and a manual valve
associated with an outer substantially liquid impermeable housing may be operatively connected to
the cap at an upper end of the housing and has a number of substantially radially extending openings
adjacent the upper end portion to allow liquid to flow into a substantially annular open cavity within the
housing. The cavity substantially radially surrounds an inner at least primarily radial flow filter element,
such as a carbon/plastic matrix which removes chlorine from drinking water. A treating element is
positioned so that water flowing through the openings and into the cavity is treated, either by
removing contaminants from the water, or by chilling it. The treating element may comprise an axial
flow liquid porous treating media such as granules of ion exchange resin, or may be a micro-porous
filter element through which liquid flows radially into the open cavity, or may be a water chilling
element that chills water in the open cavit

A portable water purification and collection system includes a cabinet member having an interior 1
chamber defined by a plurality of side walls, one of which has a vent thereon. Received within the
interior chamber and adjacent the vent is a fan for inducing air flow from the atmosphere to the
cabinet interior. Between the fan and the vent is an electrostatic air filter for removing particulates from
the air as well as a condenser for producing condensate therefrom. The resulting condensate drips
into a collection reservoir and then to an ultraviolet light unit that destroys microorganisms within the
condensate. From the ultraviolet light unit, the condensate flows to a main reservoir from which it may
be dispensed to an external container via a spigot mounted to a cabinet side wal

A fluid treating apparatus includes a primary conduit defining a flow path for the fluid being treated. A 1
column is connected to the pipe forming an inlet into the flow path. A reaction container having a
perforated side wall enclosing a treating agent is positioned in the inlet and in the flow path. In
preferred embodiments, the method and apparatus is for dechlorinating water prior to discharge. One
or more aerators can also be mounted in the pipe to aerate water passing through the conduit
upstream and/or downstream of the reaction containe

The present invention discloses a portable water treatment facility. The water treatment facility has 1
housing on castors. The housing houses the water treatment member. The housing has various doors
which are locked to make the housing tamper resistant. The housing has an external sampling station
which allows a technician at any point in time to ensure that all of the liquids being provided by the
water treatment member meet specifications. This system has a modular water treatment member
consisting of various filters, tanks, and pumps which are attached to one another by short fluid
conduits with quick disconnects. The system is computer monitored, capable of remoting data offsite
and producing an audit trail capturing system operational parameters and quality of water produced
over tim

In a water purifying apparatus having a filter for filtering raw water to produce filtered water, a
sterilization unit irradiates the filtered water with ultraviolet rays to produce treated water. A
recirculating arrangement is capable of recirculating the treated water through the sterilization unit. It
is preferable that a water supply sensor detects supply of the treated water out of the water purifying
apparatus to produce a supply detection signal and operation of the receirculating arrangement is
controlled in response to presence and absence of the supply detection signa

A water treatment device for purifying small quantities of non-potable water for drinking purposes. The 1
device includes: a primary container, a secondary product container, and a cylindrical filter cartridge.
The primary container is filled with untreated water, and brought into contact with a disinfecting agent.
The filter cartridge is then attached to the primary container and the secondary container is attached
to an outlet port of the filter cartridge, the entire arrangement is then inverted to allow water to flow
from the primary container into the inlet port of the filter cartridge. A physicochemical time switch is
installed near the inlet port of the filter cartridge and blocks the flow of water from the primary
container into the filtering elements until an appropriate amount of time has lapsed for the disinfecting
agent to effectively disinfect the water. The physicochemical time switch is either a water dissolvable
barrier or an expandable compartment filled with hydrophilic polymeric crystals. The filter cartridge
includes anion exchange resins, filtering media for removing suspended impurities, and activated
carbon for removing organic impurities and chlorine residu
A photocatalytic oxidation purification system includes an ultra violet light source and a filter that 1
comprises a pleated wire mesh substrate with a nanophase metal oxide oxidation catalyst suspended
on the substrate, wherein the catalyst is applied without an adhesive using an electromechanical
plating process. As a fluid containing organic contaminants is directed through the filter in the
presence of ultra violet light from the light source, the catalyst oxidizes and decomposes the organic
contaminants into environmentally harmless components. Methods of making the purification system
including preparing a solution of catalyst and applying the catalyst without adhesive binding material
to the filter substrate electromagneticall

A self cleaning fluid distribution system for clean water applications including a water source 1
interconnected to a sterilizing or disinfecting fluid source by a fluid conveyance system. The fluid
conveyance system configurable for dispensing both water and disinfectant fluid from said system and
for automatedly circulating disinfecting fluid through a substantial entirety of said system in a self-
sterilizing/disinfecting proces

A water filtering carafe comprising a raw water reservoir, a filtered water reservoir, and a gravity-flow 1
cyst reduction water filter cartridge for filtering raw water passing from the raw into the filtered water
reservoir, the carafe including a mounting receptacle for the filter cartridge which forms a cyst-blocking
water seal as the filter is mounted therein, such that the combination of the water seal and water filter
cartridge provides at least a 99.95% reduction in particles of 3-4 microns diameter in a charge of raw
water passing from the raw water reservoir into the filtered water reservoi

A multimedia fluid treatment unit and rotatable valve are disclosed in which a plurality of discreet 1
containers are removably stacked upon each other and contain various different and distinct water
treating media. The rotatable valve is rotatable between either of three positions one of which is a
service position for routing the water to be treated through the unit for treatment, a second of which is
a rinse position for rinsing the media in the unit, and a third of which is a backwash position for
backwashing and/or regenerating the medi

A water quality meter is composed of a plurality of analyzing units for analyzing water samples
introduced from a water distribution pipe, each analyzing unit including a reagent mixing cell and a
measuring cell, and a liquid introducing unit integrated with the analyzing units, which is composed of
a single member in which a plurality of fluid flow paths for feeding various types of liquid including the
water sample into the analyzing unit are formed. Furthermore, the cells and the plurality of three-
dimensional fluid flow paths formed in the single member are fabricated by a micro-fabrication
technique using photo-curing resi

A water disinfection device is provided having a base fora stabilized support. The base forms a
support collar having an annular retaining ring held by a retaining arm, and which holds a durable
container of a volume not to exceed 2 liters. A disinfection module provides an ultraviolet disinfection
source such that the distance between the surface of the disinfection module and the interior of the
durable container is less than 7.5 centimeters at any point except the openin
In an apparatus for treating unsafe water by exposure to ultraviolet radiation, a reactor vessel has a
lower chamber provided with an inlet arranged to admit unsafe water flowing into the lower chamber,
an upper chamber disposed above the lower chamber and provided with an outlet to discharge
irradiated water from the upper chamber, a treatment surface disposed within the upper chamber and
facing upwardly within the upper chamber, and one or more conduits arranged to conduct unsafe
water flowing upwardly from the lower chamber over the treatment surface. In the apparatus, a
medium-pressure mercury arc discharge lamp is disposed above the treatment surface and is
arranged to irradiate unsafe water flowing over the treatment surface. A parabolic reflector disposed
above the mercury arc discharge lamp is arranged to reflect ultraviolet radiation downwardly onto
unsafe water flowing over the treatment surface. The mercury arch discharge lamp is linear and is
disposed along the focus of the parabolic reflecto

Electropurification of contaminated aqueous media, such as ground water and wastewater from
industrial manufacturing facilities like paper mills, food processing plants and textile mills, is readily
purified, decolorized and sterilized by improved, more economic open configuration electrolysis cell
designs, which may be divided or undivided, allowing connection as monopolar or bipolar cells. When
coupled with very narrow capillary gap electrodes more economic operation particular when treating
solutions of relatively low conductivity is assured. The novel cell design is also useful in the
electrosynthesis of chemicals, such as hypochlorite bleaches and other oxygenated specie

A reverse osmosis water treatment system includes a tube connecting unit 10 having a water 1
incoming end 102, a water outgoing end 103, and a diaphragm 104 having a check valve 108 therein
to allow water to flow directly from the incoming end to the outgoing end. In operation, water flows
from the tube connecting unit through-hole 105 and into preliminary filtering units 2 and membrane
unit 3 via the pipe assembly 1. Wastewater from the membrane unit drain end 31 is then routed back
to the tube connecting unit via pipe assembly 42 and through-hole 106. A faucet 5 is provided at the
water outgoing end to deliver water for non-drinking uses. By virtue of issuing water from the outgoing
end, the membrane is washed and cleaned. Accordingly, the amount of discharged wastewater is
greatly reduced so that water resources are conserved and the useful life of the membrane is
prolonge

An apparatus and methods for sanitizing and cleaning filtration systems is provided. The apparatus 1
includes a chamber fluidly connected to a source of fluid for backwashing the system, and a heat
exchanger for increasing the temperature of the fluid. A filter media is positioned within the chamber.
The method of sanitization involves backwashing the apparatus to remove debris, then continuing to
circulate the backwash fluid through the system while increasing the temperature of the fluid, until the
temperature of the water and apparatus is sufficient to deactivate microorganisms. The method may
also involve increasing the disinfecting power of the fluid by adjusting the pH of the fluid. The
apparatus may be provided with a scavenger to assist in the substantially complete removal of fluid
from the chamber during and after a steaming or cleaning process. The method may also involve
reducing the pH of the feed water during normal operation to convert monochloramines to
dichloramine and trichloramine in order to aid in the removal of chloramines from the feed wate

A system and method for purifying water in large quantities for drinking. The system comprises a 1
housing having a water inlet, filtering means connected to the water inlet for filtering sediment and
particulate matter from the water, an inlet pump to keep the water flowing through the housing at a
predetermined pressure and a mixed bed multimedia unit connected to the filtering means for
removing pollutants and controlling organic growth from the water. There is also an ultra-violet
treatment means connected to the mixed bed multimedia unit for subjecting the water in the system to
ultraviolet radiation and carbon block filtration means disposed for a final filtering prior to dispensing
the water at one or more dispensing. There is also a bottle washing means provided within the
housing for cleaning water bottles prior to filling with the purified water. The system can supply
drinking water for entire communities, yet is portable enough to be easily transported to disaster area
The electrodeionization apparatus 3A has a plurality of cation exchange membrane and plurality of 1
anion exchange membrane alternately arranged between electrodes in such a manner as to
alternately form diluting compartments and concentrating compartments. The diluting compartments
are filled with an ion exchanger. The product water having pH exceeding pH of the feed water by 1.0
or more when the feed water having pH of equal to or less than 8.5 is treated without adding alkaline
agents. The apparatus for producing purified water has plural electrodeionization apparatuses 3A, 3B
connected each other so that the feed water flows through the electrodeionization apparatuse

A portable device for supplying filtered water includes a container, a cap member, a partitioning 1
member, a filter member, an intake tube, a piston pump unit, and a spout. The partitioning member
divides an interior of the container into an outer chamber and an inner chamber. The filter member is
disposed on the partitioning member, and has a first inlet communicated with the outer chamber and a
first outlet communicated with the inner chamber. The intake tube is disposed in the inner chamber.
The piston pump unit is mounted in the cap member, and has second inlet and outlet, and an inner
cylindrical wall defining a cylindrical chamber in fluid communication with the second inlet and outlet.
The second inlet is further communicated with the intake tube. The second outlet is further
communicated with a passage in a piston member through which purified water is drawn up to the
spou

A filter assembly for a water purifying apparatus including a plurality of cartridges. Each cartridge 1
includes first and second ends and an interior volume containing a filtering medium. A plurality of end
caps are respectively connected with the first ends of the plurality of cartridges and each end cap
includes a water inlet and a water outlet. A removable manifold is coupled with the water inlets and
water outlets and the manifold includes a pair of auxiliary ports. One auxiliary port directs water from
the cartridge assembly to an auxiliary processing device and another auxiliary port directs the water
from the auxiliary processing device back to the filter assembly. The water inlets and water outlets
extend generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of each cartridge. The cartridge includes an outer
tubular member in fluid communication with the water inlet and an inner tubular member in fluid
communication with the water outlet. The inner tubular member has a first end connected in a sliding
manner to the first end cap and a second end rigidly affixed to the second end ca

In a method of removing organic contaminants from a liquid, an oxidizing gas is formed into sub-
micron size bubbles which are dispersed into an initially contaminated liquid, after which the treated
liquid is recovered. The oxidizing gas is preferably selected from a group including ozone and chlorine
dioxide and is utilized immediately upon its manufacture. An oxidizing liquid may be employed in
conjunction with the oxidizing ga

A membrane contactor degasses a liquid. A liquid having a dissolved gas is introduced into a 1
contactor which is connected to a vacuum source. The contactor has a perforated core, a plurality of
hollow fiber membranes, a tube sheet affixing each end of the fibers, and a shell having a liquid
egress. The shell encloses the fibers, the tube sheet, and the core. The hollow fiber lumens are in
fluid communication with the vacuum source. Liquid enters the contactor via the core's open end
radially exits the core, crosses over the membranes within the shell, and exits the contactor by the
liquid egress. The dissolved gas thereby diffuses from the liquid across the membrane into the lumen.
The liquid exiting may have a dissolved gas content to less than 1 pp
A gravity-flow cyst-reducing water filtration device, comprising a removable high surface area cyst- 1
reducing filtration member that provides at least 99.95% removal of 3-4 mum particles when tested in
accordance with NSF standard 53, Drinking Water Treatment Units-Health Effects (September 1997).
The cyst-reducing filtration member is adapted for connection to a bottom rim of a filtration cartridge
sleeve of a water filter carafe, the cartridge sleeve being integral with a bottom surface of an untreated
water reservoir of the water filter carafe. The cartridge sleeve further comprises an air vent hole that is
located proximate to a top rim of the cartridge sleeve, wherein the cartridge sleeve further contains a
filtration cartridge that is filled with an ion-exchange resin and carbon granules. The filtration cartridge
further has at least one untreated water inlet port located in a cap that is attached to the filtration
cartridge at a top end, and at least one treated water outlet port located at a bottom end of the
filtration cartridge, wherein the untreated water inlet port of the filtration cartridge is in fluid
communication with the untreated water reservoir of the water filter carafe, and wherein the cyst-
reducing filtration member is in fluid communication with the treated water outlet port of the filtration
cartridge. Further, the water filtration device comprises a membrane that is adapted for attachment to
the air vent hole. The membrane has at least one hydrophobic side, which hydrophobic side faces the
inside of the cartridge sleeve upon attachment. The water filtration device further comprises sealing
means for forming a water-tight seal between the cyst-reducing filtration member and the cartridge
sleeve of the caraf

This invention discloses a cost-effective process for separating contaminants and a wide-range of 1
fouling material from surface water, ground water and from industrial effluents. Having undergone
effective pre-treatment, the water can be purified further by using high-surface area spirally wound
micro-filtration (MF), ultra-filtration (UF), nano-filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
High-quality potable water free from pathogen and other contaminants is thus produced at low-cost
from the pre-treated surface water and ground-water. Conversely, pre-treated industrial effluents are
further purified at a relatively low-cost using NF or RO membranes, thus producing water suitable for
recycle or surface discharge. The process of this invention uses cationic inorganic and/or polymeric
flocculants to coagulate and flocculate the water-borne colloidal matter (e.g. clays, iron hydroxides,
naturally occurring matter (NOM's), etc.), followed by filtration using a multi-media filter, charge
neutralization and reversal and final filtration using a 5-micron cartridge filter. These pre-treatment
steps provides a good quality water having a low Silt Density Index and a significant negative zeta
potential, thereby ensuring against irreversible chemical fouling of the spirally-wound membrane

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for accomplishing fluid disinfection by
passing fluid flow through a uniform array of ultraviolet lamps having cross sections perpendicular to
the direction of fluid flow that define channels for the fluid flow. Positioned next to the end of each
lamp at the entrance of the fluid flow are triangular shaped delta wings having surfaces inclined at an
angle to the direction of fluid flow. The interaction of the fluid flow with each delta wing creates a pair
of vortices that rotate in the same direction or in directions opposed to each other. The counter-
rotating vortices reinforce each other to minimize dissipation of their mixing strength as they move
down the channel. Due to these co-reinforcing properties these counter-rotating vortices more
promote efficient mixing of the fluid which is required to achieve more efficient use of the light in the
UV disinfection systems, along with heat and/or mass transfer in chemical reactions. Although the
present invention is described in particularity as embodied in a UV reactor system, it will be
understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention has equal applicability to other types
of arrayed flow systems in which increased fluid mixing is desire

A preferred transmission filter (10) includes a first flange (18) transparent to a laser beam (58) and 1
includes a second flange (20) opaque to the laser beam (58) and meltable upon exposure thereto.
The flanges (18, 20) are in registered, abutting relationship with a laser weld bead (62) at the juncture
(44) between the flanges (18, 20) to provide a fluid seal circumscribing the filter (10). The preferred
filter manufacturing apparatus (12) includes a laser (54) coupled to a robot arm (50) controlled by a
programmable logic controller (52). The controller (52) operates the robot arm (50) in order to direct
the laser beam (58) through the first flange (18) onto the second flange (20) and along the juncture
(44) to form the laser weld bead (62
An approach for sterilizing microorganisms at a drinking water container employs a flashlamp system
including means for generating pulses of light, and for deactivating microorganisms within the drinking
water container by illuminating the drinking water container with the pulses of light having been
generated; a photo-sensitive detector positioned so as to receive a portion of each of the pulses of
light as a measure of an amount of light illuminating the drinking water container, for generating an
output signal in response thereto; and a control system, coupled to the flashlamp system and the
photo-sensitive detector, for determining, in response to the output signal, whether the pulses of light
are sufficient to effect a prescribed level of deactivation of microorganisms in the drinking water
container. In accordance with this approach sterilizing microorganisms involves steps of generating a
pulse of light; deactivating microorganisms at the drinking water container by directing the pulse of
light having been generated at the drinking water container; receiving a portion of the pulse of light as
a measure of an amount of the pulse of light illuminating the drinking water container; generating an
output signal in response to the receiving of the portion of the pulse of light; and determining, in
response to the generating of the output signal, whether the pulse of light is sufficient to effect a
prescribed level of deactivation of microorganisms in the drinking water containe

A self-contained, portable rainwater collecting and purifying system for collecting, filtering and
disinfecting rainwater or other precipitation primarily for drinking purposes. In a preferred embodiment
the portable rainwater collecting and purifying system is characterized by a housing which contains
the system components. The bottom of the housing is typically fitted with skids or wheels, and a pair
of sloped water collection panels is typically hinged to the housing for receiving the falling rainwater. A
collection gutter receives the rainwater from the panels and drains the rainwater into a vertical
standpipe fitted with a typically screen filter or filters. As the rising water in the standpipe eventually
overflows, the overflowing, partially filtered water leaves the standpipe and enters a water collection
tank through a hopper typically fitted with a gravity-flow filter or filters. A typically battery-operated
pump automatically pumps the water through a pair of particle filters which remove dirt and other
particulate impurities from the water, and finally through an ultraviolet light sterilizer which kills
bacteria and other microorganisms to render the water suitable for drinking. In another embodiment
solar panels provided on the respective water collection panels collect solar energy for energizing the
pump, ultraviolet sterilizer or both. In still another embodiment, a heating blanket is provided beneath
each water collection panel for heating and melting accumulating snow, sleet or ice on the panels,
and the melted precipitation is filtered and disinfected through the syste

The present invention relates to an ultraviolet radiation detector in general and more specifically to a
solar blind ultraviolet radiation detector; that is, a detector insensitive to the radiation of sunlight
reaching the earth's surface but sensitive to UVC wavelengths in the spectrum, defined as the interval
200 nm-280 nm. The solar blind detector is base on the use of photochromic compounds in
conjunction with ultraviolet wavelength-selective chemical blocks and their incorporation into optically
clear polymer matrices. The photochromic compound is selected from the group comprising
spiropyran molecules spirooxazine molecules and chromene derivatives. Applications for such device
are as numerous as the sources of UVC radiation. An obvious use for such Solar Blind UVC detector
is monitoring the output of UVC sources used in the decontamination of water and air (water
treatment and air purification) and for sterilization of medical instrument
A dual filter apparatus and a process of making a dual filter apparatus that minimizes disruption to the 1
normal flow pattern through the filter apparatus by forming a porous medium suitable to carry a water
treatment composition thereon and placing a bacteria killing material proximate the porous filter
medium for in situ killing of bacteria and removal of debris from the water by screening action of the
porous filter medium that entraps debris thereo

A water disinfection system includes a housing having a plurality of risers 207 therein for directing
independent columns of water from a manifold at the bottom of the housing. An ultraviolet light source
214 is disposed above the risers to treat the water flowing therein. The UV light source may also be in
the form of a fiber optic system (FIG. 4) or a mercury arc lamp including a parabolic reflector 64. Each
of the risers can also include notches 304 (FIG. 9) for inducing turbulence to the water flowing
thereover in order to ensure that all of the microorganisms receive ultraviolet light. The water flow rate
and the light intensity may be adjusted to accommodate different levels of water contaminatio

A replaceable gravity-flow cyst-reducing water filter cartridge for placement in a water filter carafe, 1
comprising a filter cartridge housing with a cap having a plurality of untreated water inlet ports,
wherein the cap is sealingly attached to a top rim of the housing. The filter housing further comprises
a gooseneck conduit that is connected to a lower region of the filter housing, with the gooseneck
conduit having at one end a treated water outlet port that opens into a side surface of the filter
housing. The filter housing also includes a packed bed of ion-exchange resin that is disposed in an
upper region of the filter housing and a high surface area cyst-reducing filter element that is disposed
in the lower region of the filter housing. The filter element provides at least 99.95% removal of 3-4
mum particles when tested in accordance with NSF standard 53, Drinking Water Treatment Units-
Health Effects (September 1997). A bottom surface of the ion-exchange resin is in full contact with one
side of a bottom screen, which is attached at the periphery to the side surface of the housing. The
filter housing further has a first chamber separating the packed bed of ion-exchange resin from the
cyst-reducing filter element and a second chamber proximate to the bottom surface of the filter
housing, which is in fluid communication with the gooseneck conduit. The housing also includes an air
vent conduit that is connected to the upper region of the filter housing, wherein the air vent conduit
has an entry end that opens into the first chamber and an exit end that opens to the outside of the
housing. The exit end is positioned above the treated water outlet port of the gooseneck conduit and
the exit end is further covered with a hydrophobic membrane. The packed bed of ion-exchange resin
and the cyst-reducing filter element each correspond in shape to the shape of the filter housin

Disclosed is a method for treating groundwater, or other water streams contaminated with 1
oxygenate(s), particularly MTBE and TBA, characterized by improved biodegradation of MTBE, the
biodegradation of TBA, and reduced frequency of the need to change the carbon bed, which
comprises inoculating a biodegrader capable of degrading said oxygenate on an activated carbon bed
through a rigid tubular instrument having a plurality of holes around the circumference of the end used
for inoculation of the carbon bed by a method that optimizes dispersion and colonization; and flowing
said groundwater, or other water stream contaminated with said oxygenate through a structure having
a top, bottom and sides and a predetermined volume containing said bed of activated carbon having
said biodegrader inoculated thereon. The invention is also an apparatus for biodegradation of
oxygenate(s
Selective, water-permeable membranes for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration are prepared by 1
interfacially polymerizing on a microporous support an essentially monomeric bipiperidine reactant,
and an essentially monomeric amine-reactive polyfunctional aromatic or cycloaliphatic acyl halide
having on the average at least about 2 acyl halide groups per reactant molecule. The polymerization
is optionally carried out in the presence of a monomeric amine salt, which can increase the flux rate of
the resulting membran

A portable water treatment unit is provided for purifying contaminated water, especially in the
aftermath of a natural disaster that compromises a region's water supply. The treatment unit is
configured to treat water drawn into the unit. The treatment unit comprises an inlet connected to a
pump. The pump outlet is connected to a solid separator for removing larger particles such as sand
and silt. A series of filters is connected to the pump outlet, the filters being arranged from coarsest to
finest. The filters remove smaller particles from the water. The water from the filters eventually flows
into an ultraviolet light disinfection unit configured to purify water by emitting ultraviolet light thereon.
An outlet of the UV light disinfection unit is configured to expel purified water for drinking and other
uses. Pressure gages are provided for monitoring the pressure drops across the filters. A flow meter is
provided for monitoring the flow into the UV light disinfection unit, to ensure adequate UV disinfection.
The entire treatment unit is preferably provided within a cart with wheel

The invention relates to an adjuvant for the filtration of liquids ensuring the elimination of 1
contaminating microorganisms, which is constituted by polylactam powder obtained by polymerisation
of monocyclic lactam by anionic catalysis in an liquid medium. It is particularly intended for integration
in a drinkable water preparation proces

An ultraviolet light reaction system is constructed for surface cleaning/surface processing, a

processing speed and an apparatus size that can not be attained by any conventional chemical
reaction system, are realized, and realization of a time-sharing performance/a high-throughput
performance/a compact size is intended. Using an excimer ultraviolet lamp whose light source is
excimer ultraviolet rays of a wavelength that transmissive distances to air, gas, and water are 2 mm or
more, respectively, surface processing (such as a surface cleaning process) of a substrate disposed
in a one-by-one substrate chamber is preforme

An apparatus to extract water from ambient air. The apparatus includes a dehumidifier, a holding tank,
and one or more dispensing tanks in which water is maintained hot or cold. Provision is made to
recycle water in the holding tank through an aerator to prevent stagnation of stored water. Water from
the holding tank is pumped through a filter system before entering the dispensing tanks. A safety
control is provided to prevent overflowing a collection pump reservoir in event of interruption in normal
water flow in the machine. Provision is made to control bacteria and alga

An oxidizing species is described herein as a reaction product through an in situ preparation

combining a protonizable phosphorus or sulfur compound, and a halide source at controlled
proportions in an aqueous, non-aqueous, gel, aerosol, solid-phase or powdered media. The oxidizing
species can be used to reduce microbial and viral populations on a surface or object or in a body or
stream of water. The invention thus finds applications as a bleach, sanitizer, oxidant, or in any other
application in which an oxidizing agent can be beneficially used alone or in a formulatio

An apparatus and method for the photocatalytic purification and ultrapurification of water. Water 1
containing organic, inorganic and/or biological contaminants is directed through an open cell, three
dimensionally reticulated, fluid permeable, semiconductor unit. Within the unit, a semiconductor
surface capable of promoting electrons from its valence band to its conduction band, when exposed
to a photoactivating light source, removes the contaminants through a photocatalytic reactio
A water purifier including a cover body mounted on top of a cylindrical seat having a partition board, 1
with a delicate filtering cylinder and a plurality of filtering cylinders mounted on to the partition board in
two rows. The partition board has a surrounding edge provided with a plurality of circular holes, each
of the plurality of circular holes having a cavity box arranged underneath, each of the plurality of cavity
boxes having two magnets and a cover board. A plurality of water conduits connects said delicate
filtering cylinder and said plurality of filtering cylinders via said circular holes. The cylindrical seat also
includes control panel provided with a water inlet for connecting to a tap, a water outlet port for
magnetized and purified water, and an overflow port for removing water which accumulates at the
partition boar

A method is describe for removing metal ions of interest from aqueous solutions containing low 1
concentrations of the metal ions of interest. The method involves the use of a microbially produced
polymer, gamma-glutamic acid. The polymer is used in conjunction with tangential flow filtration and
results in substantial removal of metal ion

A live fish transport system is described herein. In particular, a modular live fish transport tote, an 1
oxygen delivery system, an automated water treatment and delivery apparatus, and a chemically and
biologically balanced aquaculture solution are described. Methods of making and using these
components, either alone or in combination with each other, are also describe

A method for the inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia cysts and similar organisms
comprising irradiating water with ultraviolet light in doses of from about 1 mJ/cm2 to about 175 mJ/cm
A method using irradiation with optical light having a wavelength of 160 to 500 nanometers without
higher wavelengths with cooling of the surface during the irradiation to modify the surface (12A, 104A,
202A, 304A, 402A, 502A) of a substrate (12, 104, 202, 304, 402, 502) is described. The light is filtered
or the lamp (24, 106, 212, 306, 510) is restricted to the limited range to avoid the affects of the higher
spectra. The light can be pulsed or continuous. The method is significantly enhanced by the presence
of water (14, 124, 204, 306, 410, 508) on the surface, preferably also in the presence of ozone in the
water. The treated surfaces are more paintable and bondabl

A hand-held water purification system includes an outwardly-extending pen-light sized configuration of

solid state devices, such as, UV-light emitting diodes, that emit ultraviolet light in the germicidal range.
The system operates to turn on the solid state devices under the control of one or more switches that
are, in turn, under the control of a liquid-level sensor that senses when the configuration is immersed
in the water. The system may also include a timing circuit that turns the solid state devices off a
predetermined time after they are turned on. In one embodiment, a battery powers the various
components of the system. In an alternative embodiment, the system power is provided by a base
that plugs into a conventional power outlet. The base includes a converter that converts the signal
provided through the power outlet to a signal that is appropriate to power the component

Ultraviolet water treatment apparatus in which floating pods or rafts carry high-frequency driver
circuits in waterproof plastic blocks. The high-frequency driver circuits drive arrays of ultraviolet lamps
in a ballast-free, non-thermionic manne

To pot membranes in a header, a dense, viscous liquid, suspension or, preferably, a thixotropic, water 1
soluble gel, is placed in a header pan in space reserved for a permeate channel. A plurality of hollow
fiber membranes are collected together and their open ends are inserted into the gel. A fixing liquid,
typically a resin, is placed over the gel. The fixing liquid surrounds each membrane and then solidifies,
simultaneously sealing the outer surfaces of the membranes and forming a plug in the opening of the
header to complete the permeate channel. After the fixing liquid has solidified, the gel is removed by
various means. The space initially occupied by the gel becomes part of the permeate channel after
the gel is removed. In one embodiment, membranes are grouped by a cushioning adhesive which
later surrounds the membranes where they exit the completed heade

A method in which a fluid is driven into a process unit through utilization of a propulsion unit operating 1
in a process mode. A process is performed which utilizes the fluid in the process unit. The propulsion
unit is set to operate in a recycle mode and fluid contaminated by the process is driven into a
recycling unit through utilization of the propulsion unit. A system comprises a process unit that utilizes
a liquid to perform a process. A recycling unit recycles fluid contaminated by the process. A propulsion
unit coupled to the process unit and the recycling unit is adjustable between a process mode and a
recycle mod

A structure for venting of gasses from fluids, and in particular, venting of gasses from filter elements or 1
filter media used in water treatment devices. The structure incorporates a fluid flow diverter having a
vent tube, tangential flow diverter and a lower air collection space to vent air from an interface
between stages of the filter cartridge. The vent structure is particularly suited to systems having a
pressure drop of 1 psi or less, such as those systems which filter a fluid by a pressure differential
generated by gravity alone, or aided by a manual pressurization means. There is also disclosed a
multi-stage filter cartridge, incorporating the vent structure, and having an upper stage including
granular carbon and a lower stage including a plurality of hollow fiber
A modular fluid treatment system utilizing hollow fiber cartridges held within the controlled 1
environment of a reaction chamber, with the system being designed to accommodate and facilitate
ease of access to individual cartridges within a given module. The arrangement provides for parallel
operation of a group of individual modules, while at the same time facilitating access to individual
modules for cartridge replacement. Each module includes an elongated cylindrical reaction chamber
with end caps, with the end caps being designed to sealingly engage and retain individual cartridges
for use within the module, while at the same time providing for accommodating a wide range of
tolerance for variations in cartridge lengt

The invention disclosed relates to intrinsically bacteriostatic synthetic polymer membranes, and to 1
process for the manufacture thereof. In one embodiment, bacteriostatic metal ions are attached to a
surface of a preformed synthetic polymer membrane by static adsorption/adsorption and reduced to
the metal in situ. In another embodiment, the instrinsically bacteriostatic membranes are formed by
providing a casting solution of a membrane forming synthetic polymer and bacteriostatic metal ions,
and casting into a bath containing a reducing agent for the metal ions to form the membrane
containing the metal ions incorporated therei

An apparatus and method for the separation of molecules having a molecular mass from about 200 to 1
5000 Da, particularly micromolecules having a molecular mass of less than 5000 Dalto

A system for treating water includes an ozone injector combined with a monitoring apparatus 400 that 1
includes a flow meter 402 and a pressure sensor 404. The monitoring apparatus includes a flow path
424 having inlets 420, 422 communicating with the inlet 304 and outlet 306 of the ozone injector main
water pipe 302. The flow path inlets are spaced respectively upstream and downstream of the ozone
injection point. In operation, water filtered in filter 108 is ozonized in venturi 316 and then sterilized by
UV lamp 210. The lamp is also used to generate ozone that is delivered to the venturi via check valve
308. The pressure sensor positioned within the flow path produces signals to control the switch of the
UV lamp. The flow meter is used to determine when the filter should be replaced. The pressure
sensor may be in the form of a silicon chi

The present invention provides a composite membrane comprising a porous support layer and a 1
selective layer comprising a vinylacetate polymer. The invention also provides a process for preparing
a vinylacetate polymer selective layer on a porous support by depositing a colloidal dispersion having
colloid particles of the vinylacetate polymer on the porous support followed by annealing the
deposited colloids to form a selective layer. The membranes are useful for separation of gas or liquid
or vapor mixture

A process for removing and recovering undissociated aromatic amines dissolved in aqueous fluid 1
comprises the steps of (a) transferring undissociated aromatic amines from the aqueous fluid to an
acidic stripping solution across a membrane wherein the membrane is a non-porous, selectively
permeable membrane; (b) regulating the volume of acidic stripping solution employed relative to the
volume of aqueous fluid treated so that the total aromatic amine concentration in the acidic stripping
solutions, comprising the sum of the dissociated and undissociated aromatic amine concentrations, is
above the solubility of the aromatic amine in water; (c) regulating the pH of the acidic stripping
solution in contact with the membrane so that the membrane remains selectively permeable; (d)
adjusting the pH of the aromatic amine containing acidic stripping solution to a value above the acidic
dissociation constant of the aromatic amine and (e) separating the resulting aromatic amine and the
acidic stripping solutio
Water treatment methods and systems using laser light. Water enters a treatment area from waterline
tubing wherein water within the treatment area is subjected to light from a laser as it passes through
the treatment area, and wherein microorganisms contained within said water are reactive to the light
and are killed. The water is provided to a point of use after treatment by light. The treatment area may
be a junction box having an entry point for receiving water from input tubing connected to the input
portion of the junction box; a fiber optic line or laser source coupled to the junction box for delivery of
light from a laser into the junction box; and an exit point and/or port for providing water passing
through the junction box to a point of us

The present invention is directed to a composite filter medium having a pH altering material that can 1
raise the pH of an influent such that microbiological contaminants in the influent remain substantially
negatively charged such that a positively charged medium within the composite filter medium can
more effectively capture the microbiological contaminant

A device suitable for treating liquids, in particular contaminated water, which device comprises a
treatment chamber and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to said treatment chamber, wherein
a plurality of substantially parallel ultraviolet lamps are disposed in said treatment chamber, wherein
said ultraviolet lamps are movable with respect to each othe

The present invention relates to a process for separating from an aqueous mixture one or more 1
organic substances containing at least one positively charged and/or chargeable nitrogenous group
by means of extraction via at least one porous membrane, wherein use is made of an extraction agent
which contains at least partially relatively long-chain organic compounds and at least one liquid cation
exchanger, and of a membrane that is wettable by either the aqueous mixture or by the extraction
agent. In particular, the invention relates to a process for separating from an aqueous mixture one or
more organic substances containing at least one positively charged and/or chargeable nitrogenous
group by means of extraction via at least one porous membrane, wherein the aqueous mixture is
drawn from a reservoir 1, led across a first porous membrane 3 which is wettable by either the
aqueous mixture or by an extraction agent 5 which contains at least partially relatively long-chain
organic compounds and at least one liquid cation exchanger, extracted with the extraction agent 5,
the aqueous retentate is returned to the reservoir, the extracted organic substances are led across a
second porous membrane 6 which is wettable by either the aqueous mixture or by the extraction
agent and there re-extracted into an aqueous phase
A hydro-power generation system for use in conjunction with a water treatment system is disclosed.
The embodiments of the hydro-power generation system include an impeller rotatably positioned in a
housing. The impeller is rotatably coupled with a generator. When water flows through the water
treatment system, water flows to the hydro-power generation system and acts on the impeller causing
rotation thereof. The rotation of the impeller results in the generation of electricity for the water
treatment system by the generator. Other embodiments of the hydro-power generation system include
a rotor rotatably positioned in a conduit through which water flows. The flowing water causes the rotor
to rotate. The rotor operatively cooperates with a surrounding stator. As the rotor rotates within the
stator electricity is generated for the water treatment syste

A desalination system is driven by a solar powered boiler that outputs a pressurized vapor to drive an 1
expander that generates output motive force. A pump is responsive to the motive force to output
pressurized saline water. A reverse osmosis unit receives the pressurized saline water to output fresh
water and pressurized brine. A recuperator that transfers heat from the expander exhaust to the boiler
feed liquid is incorporated to improve the efficiency of the system. In a particular embodiment, a
hydraulic motor receives the pressurized brine and outputs an augmenting motive force to the pump.
In another embodiment, a novel motorless boiler feed pump is define

Water may be purified and treated to kill and/or remove various harmful contaminants and
microorganisms with a method and system including ozone treatment and oxygenation. In the present
system and method, the ozone treatment and oxygenation process is carried out in the chamber of
one canister and includes one or two further canisters, either a pre-filtration canister that contains a
filter for removing large particulates that might interfere with the ozone treatment and oxygenation
process, or a post-filtration canister that contains a filter for removing smaller particulates
downstream, or both. The system is versatile in that one or the other of the filtration canisters can be
eliminated. To limit the expense of manufacturing the system, the exterior of the canisters are
identically molded and the bottom caps of the canisters are integrally molded to the body of the
canisters, also eliminating one possible leakage poin
Methods and systems for monitoring and/or controlling membrane separation systems or processes 1
are provided. The present invention utilizes measurable amounts of inert fluorescent tracer(s) added
to a feed stream to evaluate and/or control the purification of such feed stream during membrane
separation. The methods and systems of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of different
industrial applications including raw water processing and waste water processin

An ultraviolet lamp used for creating ozone. An ultraviolet lamp is enclosed by a container having an
inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. An air flow containing molecular oxygen is created
between the container and the ultraviolet lamp. A portion of the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is
used for generating ozone. Another portion of the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp is used to kill
microorganisms or disinfect a fluid. The ozone generated may be released in the fluid, further
purifying and deodorizing the fluid. The present invention combines the germicidal properties of a
ultraviolet lamp with the deodorizing properties of ozone in a single device which may be used to
purify water or other flui

A radiation source module for use in a fluid treatment system. The radiation source module
comprises: a frame (205) having a first support member, at least one radiation source assembly (125)
extending from and in engagement with a first support member, the at least one radiation source
assembly comprising at least one radiation source disposed within a protective sleeve; and an optical
radiation sensor (150) disposed within the protective sleeve. The radiation source module is
particularly useful in ultraviolet radiation treatment systems used to disinfect wastewate

There is disclosed a process and device for Forward Osmosis (FO) Pressurized Device (FOPD) in 1
general and one hydraulically coupled to a reverse osmosis (RO device for a FOPRO (Forward
Osmosis Pressurized Reverse Osmosis). Specifically, there is disclosed a passive device (that is, not
needed energy input) for using forward osmosis to generate significant hydraulic pressure that can be
used to drive a reverse osmosis process, wherein the reverse osmosis process (not needed external
energy to run pumps) can separate salt from salt water to generate potable water from water with high
salt content (such as sea water, urine, sweat, brackish water and the like

A fluid separation and delivery apparatus and method are provided for filtering a fluid from a source 1
and delivering a filtrate derived therefrom to a first destination, and delivering a decantate derived
therefrom to a second destination. The fluid separation and delivery apparatus for the method
comprises a filter device having an inlet port for connecting to a fluid source, a first outlet port for
directing filtrate to a first destination, and a second outlet port for directing decantate to a second
destination; an inlet pump connected between the inlet port of the filter device and the fluid source for
pumping fluid at a flow rate of Qin into the filter device; and an outlet pump connected between the
second outlet port of the filter device and the second destination for pumping fluid at a flow rate of
Qout out of the filter device to the second destination. The outlet pump and the inlet pump are sized
and controlled so that Qout is less than Qin, and so that the resulting flow rate of filtrate Qr from the
filter device through the first outlet port to the first destination is equal to Qin-Qou

A device for anti-bacterial treatment in particular decontamination and/or sterilisation of water and for 1
killing micro-organisms in water, with a container designed to hold a water quantity intended to be
treated and an electrode arrangement which is designed to act on the water quantity in the container
and which can be connected and operated with an electrical signal generating device provided
outside the container, where the electrical signal generating device can be operated low voltage and
is intended to generate an electrical alternating signal between electrodes of the electrode
arrangement with a maximum amplitude
The invention relates to a novel ballast device for pre-heating, starting and operating at least one UV
emitter, constructed in the form of a gas discharge lamp with two heating coils lying opposite each
other in relation to a gas discharge path, whereby four electrical connections are provided in total for
each of such gas discharge paths, namely two for each heating coil. According to the invention,
switching means are provided for a parallel switching of both of said connectors of a heating coil,
dependent upon operating conditions. A capacitive loading of the ballast device is thus avoided by
means of the otherwise open connector line for the heating coil and the current feed to the coils is
evenly distribute

A point of use water purification unit for continuously and completely purifying water at all point of use 1
for removing all chemicals, killing all microorganisms; the device having a computer monitored and
controlled system for degassing, super heating and exploding water into a vacuum chamber,
condensing the steam in a counter current cold brine apparatus and stored in a holding tan

A transportable water treatment system comprising: an inlet adapted to receive water having a 1
pressure of between 10 to 60 psig, a primary regenerable filter connected so as to receive water that
has flown through the inlet, the primary regenerable filter configured to separate solids from water
flowing therethrough, a secondary regenerable filter, the secondary regenerable filter connected
downstream from the primary regenerable filter, and a chemical feed unit connected downstream of
said secondary regenerable filter, the chemical feed unit configured to treat water flowing through
introduction of chemicals to the water, a water discharge pipe adapted to discharge treated water from
the chemical feed unit, where said inlet, the primary regenerable filter, the secondary regenerable
filter, the chemical feed unit, and the discharge pipe make up a transportable water treatment and the
transportable water treatment is adapted to fit within a bed of a sub-compact pickup truc

A method of treatment of water in an aquatic environment. Water is first pumped from a reservoir to a
first mixing station. An inert gas is introduced into the pumped water at the first mixing station to
provide inert gas saturated water, which inert gas saturated water will displace undesired gasses in
the water in the reservoir. The inert gas saturated water is then pumped to a sparging column such
that the inert gas and undesired gasses will be released from the inert gas saturated water to provide
depleted water. The depleted water is then pumped to a second mixing station, wherein oxygen is
introduced into the depleted water to provide oxygen enriched water. The oxygen enriched water is
then returned to reservoi

A fluid treatment system is provided including a closed fluid treatment zone, at least one radiation
source disposed in the fluid treatment zone to irradiate a flow of fluid, and a plurality of diffusers
disposed upstream of the at least one radiation source. The plurality of diffusers define a decreasing
gradient of fluid treatment zone cross-section from an upstream portion of the plurality of diffusers to a
downstream portion of the plurality of diffusers. Also provided is a flat diffuser for changing flow cross
section in a flow condui
A method of disinfecting water is provided including treating water by irradiating the water with
ultraviolet light and introducing silver ions to the water. The water may be treated by either initially
irradiating the water with ultraviolet light followed by introducing silver ions to the water or by
introducing silver ions to the water and thereafter exposing the silver ion-containing water to ultraviolet
ligh

An apparatus and method for separating heavy isotopes of hydrogen from contaminated water. The 1
apparatus includes a treatment chamber with an elongated hollow core fiber (HCF) extending within
the chamber. A reservoir holds contaminated water mixed with beads formed of an exchange resin,
the mixture of contaminated water and beads forming a flowable slurry. The slurry is continuously
circulated through the hollow core fiber and the reservoir preferably by a pulsating peristaltic pump.
The beads absorb a portion of the heavy isotopes from the slurry by exchange with waters of
hydration of the beads while the hollow core fiber allows permeation of only light water from said
slurry outwardly through the HCF wall as a permeat

A molecule separator device for isolating molecules having at least two separable properties and 1
within a solution. The device includes a housing, and at least two molecule collection media disposed
within the housing, whereby each such medium captures molecules exhibiting a respective property.
In one embodiment, a first membrane captures only molecules with an ionic and/or hydrophobic
and/or affinity attraction property while a second membrane captures only such molecules that
additionally fall within a particular molecular weight range. A preferred housing is cylindrical for
acceptance within a centrifuge, and is constructed of a plurality of releasably-connected
compartments. The collection media is sequentially situated and centrifugation of the housing drives
the solution through the media. Because of separation and subsequent collection in one device of
molecules bearing multiple properties, the present invention permits rapid and efficient isolation of
molecules and micro-particulate having a plurality of identification characteristic

A fluid treatment system for placement in a flanged pipe fluid conveyance system includes: a first
flanged opening and a second flanged opening in substantial alignment to define a flow axis aligned
substantially parallel to a direction of fluid flow though the first opening and the second opening; and a
third flanged opening comprising a first cover element. The first cover element has connected thereto
at least one radiation source assembly comprising at least one elongate radiation source having a
longitudinal axis substantially transverse to the flow axis. The fluid treatment system may be
advantageously utilized to treat fluid such as water, e.g., municipal waste water, municipal drinking
water and the like. The fluid treatment system can be readily ""spliced"" into existing into existing
piping systems. This facilitates installation of the system and also allows for a significant lowering of
manufacturing costs of the syste

A combination mass transfer and pump apparatus, which in a single step actively mixes a first mass 1
and a second mass and simultaneously pumps one of the first mass and the second mass through
the apparatus. The combination mass transfer and pump apparatus substantially comprises a housing
and at least one distributor element having a plurality of selectively fluid-permeable membrane
elements wherein the at least one distributor element is agitated within the second mass such that the
first mass diffuses across the selectively fluid-permeable membrane elements, mixing with the second
mass, and in the same step the second mass is pumped through the housin

A water cooler/water purification station that is portable, and small in size that is capable of cooling 1
and purifying about 8 to 15 liters of water per hour between 3 to 10° C. The water cooler/water
purification station is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp which serves to kill bacteria in stagnant water.
A removable kit is positioned in the top of the housing. The Kit includes various sensors, as well as,
the UV lamp and an exit passageway 70 for treated wate
A purifying device comprising a purifying tank ( 1 ) having an ultraviolet radiating tube ( 2 ) installed
within the middle thereof and a submersible pump ( 3 ) mounted in the upper region thereof. The
purifying tank is held 5 to 100 cm below the water level by floats ( 7 a). A partition ( 6 ) divides the
region adjacent to the water level into upper and lower levels, wherein only the water on the upper
side of the partition ( 6 ) is sucked in by the submersible pump ( 3 ) for purification in the purifying tank
( 1 ), whereby water-bloom, algae or the like floating on water is rapidly collected and decomposed for
remova

Semi-permeable membranes are described that allow for the efficient processing of many liquid 1
based feed solutions, particularly those that contain acids. The membranes of this invention are able
to process such feeds with high permeate rates while maintaining excellent retention of dissolved
metals, cations, and organic compounds, even in the presence of hot concentrated acids. The semi-
permeable membranes of this invention are able to conduct such separations for a useful period of
time due to their chemical stability towards acids and their ability to permeate acid

A drinking water filter for filtering major water contaminates from tap water and other drinking water 1
sources. The water filter a cylindrical cartridge for receiving a plurality of sponge filters used as
dividers between different layers of filtration material and along a length of the cartridge. The sponge
filters are designed to remove large and small sediments in the water from 1 to 100 microns in size
and greater when the water is introduced through the cartridge. The layers of filtration material
includes a layer of granulated zinc and copper alloy, a fine mesh carbon block, a layer of granulated
ion exchange resin, a layer of granulated activated carbon and layer of granulated activated calcite.
The carbon block and the granulated carbon material is used for removing chlorine, odor, color, cysts,
protozoa and organic contaminants such as pesticides, herbicides, arsenic, mercury, and
trihalomnethanes. The zinc and copper alloy is used for removing chlorine and heavy metals in the
water and reducing bacteria in the water. The calcite is used to raise the pH in the filtered water when
the pH is below neutra

Mineral contaminants are removed from water in a system in which water is sprayed into an air head 1
at the top of a tank through a diffuser and withdrawn through a pick-up tube. A solenoid valve
operates to allows air from a compressor to flow into the top of the tank through a shuttle valve which
is opened by the air pressure. Simultaneously a drain valve connected to the shuttle valve opens a
drain, venting water and air from the tank. The shuttle valve, closed by the solenoid valve, closes the
air supply line and connecting the shuttle valve to atmosphere, and pressure within the aeration tank
can close the shuttle valve, which causes closing of the drain valve. The part of the valve which opens
the drain is made responsive to excess pressure within the air tank to open the drain and so acts as a
pressure relief valv

A filter for removing contaminants from water. The filter has a first porous filter part formed by setting 1
an active carbon in a high-molecular low-melt index polymeric binder. An inlet directs water to be
filtered to the first porous filter part. An outlet directs water filtered by passage through the first porous
filter part to a point of us
A mass transfer device having a fluid permeable core wound with many stands of a hollow fiber. A 1
bulk fluid enters the interior of the core, passes through the side wall of the core, and along the outer
surfaces of the hollow fibers. A baffle positioned in the center of the core so that the bulk fluid passes
outwardly upstream of the baffle and inwardly through the core along the downstream of the bloc

In a cleaning treatment of a substrate using an aqueous solution of ammonium fluoride or a mixture of

an aqueous solution of ammonium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid as a cleaning liquid, the cleaning
liquid is replenished by at least one liquid selected from the group consisting of water, ammonia,
aqueous ammonia, and an aqueous solution of ammonium fluoride with the lapse of time during the
use of the cleaning liquid, in which the required amount of the liquid to be added according to the time
lapse is calculated based on the measurement date and controlled, or the component concentration
of the cleaning liquid is detected and the liquid is added according to the obtained result, so that not
only can the substrate be cleaned uniformly and stably, but also a resource saving and a reduction in
waste can be achieve

A system and method of maintaining the integrity of freshly harvested, or freshly cut fruits and
vegetables. Specifically, the invention focuses on a distinct series of processes which confer a lower
total microbial count, delay browning, improve general organoleptic properties, and decrease the
amount of chemical contaminants on the exposed surfaces without the use of preservatives.
Examples of such process may be applying a first produce integrity maintenance process, a second
produce integrity maintenance process, application of an antibrowning agent to the produce by a
produce antibrown agent applicator, exposing the produce to ultraviolet light by an ultraviolet light
system, and applying an ozone treatment by an ozone treatment syste

Produce titanium-group metal micro-dispersion water that contains ion vapor of titanium-group metal 1
in micro-dispersed state and that can be used as a material for health products, medical products,
cosmetics, etc., by using an apparatus comprising a water tank, a high-voltage discharge generator
equipped with a titanium-group metal electrode and its counter electrode, a water inlet, an outlet for
produced water, and a titanium-group metal electrode feeder, in a manner causing plasma discharge
in water between the titanium-group metal electrode and its counter electrod

Ruthenium compounds, either alone or in combination with other remediating compounds, can be 1
used to oxidize, remove and sequester contaminants in water and soil or sediment

The culture chamber of the present invention has a fluid-filled culture compartment in which cells, 1
tissues and other biologicals are cultured. The culture compartment is transversed by one or more
molecular weight cut-off membranes attached to a membrane carrier assembly. Incoming nutrients
are transported through the membrane into the culture compartment and metabolic waste products
are transported away from the fluid-filled culture compartment through the membrane and out the
chamber outlet. Both reusable and disposable culture chambers are described for culturing cells, cell
aggregates, particles, tissues and organoid
The process for irrigation of a man-made landscaped area, such as a golf course, playing field or 1
agricultural area, involves monitoring a sample of reclaimed water, a sample of soil containing
reclaimed water, or both from a supply of reclaimed water, and treating it when necessary to avoid
harmful effects to plantlife, and irrigating with the treated water via a subterranean distribution system.
The sample is tested with monitors for water quality characteristics, including: total organic carbon
compounds; pH; residual chlorine; chlorides; and, sodium. These results are inputted to a
computerized data handling system for data collection, storage and analysis for comparison to
predetermined acceptable ranges to show deviation from acceptable ranges. Either alarms are set off
or treatment occurs or both, when deviations are observed. Treatment may include a dechlorination
system, an oxidation system, reverse osmosis system. Other monitors may be for hardness; turbidity;
alkalinity; conductivity and nitrate

A process for treating a fluid which comprises the step of exposing the fluid to ultraviolet radiation and
high-energy ionizing radiation. It has been discovered that combining ultraviolet radiation with high-
energy ionizing radiation in the treatment of a fluid results in synergistic performances of the treatment
process-e.g., improvement in the inactivation or killing of microorganisms in the fluid, in destruction of
organic contaminants and the like. More specifically, fluid treatment performance is improved to a
level typically not possible when using ultraviolet radiation and high-energy ionizing radiation
separatel

A media in the form of a multilayered semi porous composite membrane containing a strong positive 1
electrical charge with a highly porous surface consisting of 60 to 90 percent void volume and pore
size of about 2 micron capable of retaining negatively charged protozoa, bacteria, and virus as well as
di-pole particulate matter as a result of the attraction of the positive charge. A housing is a portable
adaptive housing containing and supporting the composite membrane. A low pressure stream of water
is within the housing and passes through the media. A composite membrane is positioned within the
adaptive housing in the path of the low pressure stream of water. The composite membrane is
adapted to treat the low pressure stream of water under from 0.3 to 10 psig pressure delivering 5 to
30 ml/se

A plant and process for efficient production of low deuterium water from seawater. The plant includes 1
a solar still with a black pan for collecting solar heat, that vaporizes portions of the seawater and a
porous sloped membrane positioned over the black pan to collect and condense the vapor and to
direct the condensate via gravity to a condensate tank. The condensate water is separated into its
atomic components, hydrogen and oxygen, in an electralizer; then the hydrogen and oxygen are
combined in a reactor to produce heat and low deuterium water. In preferred embodiments the reactor
is a fuel cell which in addition to the heat and water also produces electricity. At least a portion of the
heat produced in the reactor is used in the solar still to assist in the vaporization of the seawater and
to greatly increase the efficiency of the stil

The water treatment system is a modular-filter based residential reverse osmosis (RO) system that 1
remineralizes the purified water twice to ensure the water is alkaline, but uses only one
remineralization filter. The system forces the water to undergo remineralization twice in a modular-
filter based residential RO system, using only one remineralization filter. The water produced from the
water treatment system is alkaline with a pH of at least 7.5 up to a maximum pH of 8.5. A pH of 8.0 is
the mean averag

A lightweight water treatment system which can be easily distributed and employed by disaster 1
survivors for treating locally available water sources. The lightweight water treatment system includes
a water treatment agent for treating a predetermined volume of water collected from a local water
source; a collapsible elongated container for collecting the predetermined volume of water; one or
more straps to transport the collapsible elongated container to a suitable location for treating the
collected water with the water treatment agent and a spigot for controllably releasing the treated wate
A water purification system comprising a thermal hydrolysis catalytic reactor, an adsorbent media bed 1
and a reverse osmosis unit is provided. The water purification system may provide potable water from
non-potable water, such as non-potable water contaminated with chemical warfare agents, biological
warfare agents, radioactive agents and/or Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs). Methods for providing
potable water using the water purification system of the present invention are also provide

A membrane filtration module having a plurality of permeable, hollow membranes is disclosed. In use, 1
a pressure differential is applied across the walls of the permeable, hollow membranes when
immersed in a liquid suspension containing suspended solids. Some of the liquid suspension passes
through the walls of the membranes to be drawn off as clarified liquid or permeate, and at least some
of the solids are retained on or in the permeable, hollow membranes or otherwise as suspended
solids within the liquid suspension. The module has a shell or similar structure that at least partially
surrounds the membrane module and substantially effects retaining at least portion of fluid flowed into
the membrane modul

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for purifying an impaired liquid. In a particular 1
example, the disclosure provides methods and systems for purifying water containing a solute. A feed
stream of solute containing water is introduced in a flow chamber. A permeate stream of water at least
substantially free of the solute is placed in the flow chamber. A hydrophobic membrane is placed
between the feed stream and the permeate stream. A vacuum is applied to the permeate stream. A
vapor pressure differential causes water to vaporize from the feed stream, pass through the
hydrophobic membrane, and condense in the permeate strea

A means and method for improving ozone oxidation through the addition of an iron(II) catalyst is
describe

Described is a reactor for irradiating ultraviolet light into a fluid reaction medium (3). The reactor 1
consists of at least one housing (15) which encloses a tubular cavity, with a radiation source (1) for
generating ultraviolet light and an inner tube (2) which, together with the housing (15), forms an
irradiation chamber (26) which, in particular, is of annular shape, the irradiation chamber (26) being
connected at least with an inlet (13) and an outlet (14) for the reaction medium (3) and is perfused by
reaction medium (3) in the longitudinal direction of the tube (2), the irradiation chamber (26) being
equipped with means (6, 25) for generating an additional radial flow routing of the reaction medium (3

A water treatment composition includes an oxidizing component and an adsorbing component, 1

wherein one or both of the oxidizing component and adsorbing component comprise nanostructured
materials. The water treatment compositions are useful in at least partially removing contaminants
such as metallic or cationic arsenic, lead, chromium, and/or mercury from wate

A water purification unit to purify potentially contaminated water is provided. The water purification unit 1
is in fluid communication with a water source and has a pump to draw water from the water source.
The water is passed through at least a main filter to purify the water and dispensed through an outlet.
Power is provided to the water purification unit by a battery bank and a non-grid power sourc
A membrane element in which, after membrane breakage or deterioration, the filtration plate made of 1
a thermoplastic resin can be reused to replace the membrane with a fresh one. The membrane
element comprises a filtration plate made of a thermoplastic resin and, bonded to a peripheral smooth
surface thereof, a microporous filter membrane which has fine pores formed therein and employs a
nonwoven fabric comprising synthetic resin fibers as a support. A hot plate having a shape
corresponding to the peripheral shape of the resinous filtration plate is brought into contact with a
peripheral smooth surface of the plate so as to form a recessed part in the surface. The temperature
of the hot plate is regulated so as to be not higher than the melting point of the nonwoven fabric
serving as the support and not lower than the Vicat softening temperature of the filtration plate made
of a thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic-resin filtration plate is pressed with this hot plate through
the microporous filter membrane to bond it to the membran

A contained liquid membrane contactor includes a perforated center tube, first and second membrane 1
mats each with a first and a second end both being open, four tube sheets affixing the membrane
mats to the center tube, a shell sealed to the tube sheets, and two end caps. The first end of the first
mat extends a first distance beyond the second end of the second mat. The first end of the first mat is
open at the first tube sheet while the first end of the second mat is open at the second tube sheet. The
second end of the first mat is between the second and fourth tube sheets and the second end of the
second mat is between the first and third tube sheet

A filter column module is disclosed, which has an upper column having a top opening, and a 1
protruding bottom shell. The bottom shell has a plurality of apertures, and a diameter smaller than that
of the upper column. A lower column has a support at the bottom and an opening that accommodates
the protruding bottom shell of the upper column. The support partially contacts the protruding bottom
shell of the upper column, and liquid or air can pass through the support. A filter is placed between the
protruding bottom shell of the upper column and the support of the lower colum

A process for removing a solvent from a first solution, said process comprising positioning a selective 1
membrane between the first solution and a second solution having a higher osmotic potential than the
first solution, such that solvent from the first solution passes across the membrane to dilute the
second solution, and extracting solvent from the second solution, wherein the membrane has an
average pore size of at least 10 Angstroms, and wherein the second solution contains solute species
that are too large to pass through the pores of the membran

This disclosure describes a commercial/industrial remineralizer designed to be added to a purification 1

system that raises the pH by non-chemical methodology while replacing important electrolytes to the
water that were extracted along with the toxic, non-essential minerals from the water. The
remineralizer can be designed for heavy commercial continuous productio

Devices and methods for producing purified water. The device includes a reverse osmosis subsystem, 1
a dehumidification subsystem and a purified water storage tank fluidly coupled to the subsystems
such that purified water produced by each can be locally stored. A vehicular platform, such as a ship,
can be used to locate the device adjacent a supply of saline water and humid air. A saline water inlet,
membrane and purified water outlet cooperate in the reverse osmosis subsystem to allow preferential
passage of water relative to salt in a saline water supply, while the dehumidification subsystem
includes a heat exchanger that extracts moisture from the ambient humid air. Purified water produced
by each of the subsystems can be used as a potable water source. When used in conjunction with a
ship, part or all of the reverse osmosis subsystem can be submersed to a depth sufficient to generate
a hydrostatic pressure that is in turn sufficient to passively operate the reverse osmosis membrane
such that additional pressurizing equipment, such as a pump, is not needed. Furthermore, the
temperature of the water purified by the reverse osmosis subsystem may be low enough to be used
as a condensing agent for the ambient humid air passing through the dehumidification subsyste
A filtration arrangement including one or more membrane modules (5) positioned vertically within a 1
feed tank (6), each membrane module (5) having one or more membranes positioned therein. An
aeration hood (10) having an upper wall (11) and one or more downwardly extending side walls (12,
13) is configured to at least partially shroud the membrane modules (5) within the tank (6). The
aeration hood (10) includes a number of open-ended tubes (14), each extending downwardly from the
upper wall (11) and forming a respective opening (15) therein. Each tube (14) is adapted to have at
least one of the modules (5) mounted therein and extending through the respective openings (15) in
the upper wall (11) so as to at least partially surround an outer periphery of an associated module or
modules (5). One or more aeration openings (17) are provided in each tube (14) at a location spaced
from a proximal end of the tube (16). The aeration hood side wall or walls (12, 13) extend to below the
location of the aeration openings (17) in the tubes (14). Gas providing means (18) feed gas into the
hood (10

A filtration and remediation system is disclosed herein including a quiet tank component, a circulation 1
component, and a storage and filtration component, each with frames. The system can include a
scalping shaker which can receive a slurry and separate a particulate from the slurry, forming an
effluent. A tank can receive the effluent and a weir can remove oil from the effluent, forming a cleaned
effluent. A second weir can discharge the cleaned effluent. The circulation component can include a
tank and an absorbent material. The absorbent material can receive the cleaned effluent and remove
oil from the cleaned effluent, forming a circulation effluent. A sludge can settle within the circulation
tank from the circulation effluent, forming a cleaned circulation stream. The storage and filtration
component can include a filtration membrane which can receive and separate the cleaned circulation
stream into a clean permeate and a dirty concentrat

Methods are disclosed to treat produced water from hydrocarbons production facilities. The disclosed 1
methods can be used to either: (1) de-NORM produced water; or (2) de-NORM and partially de-salt
produced water; or (3) de-NORM and partially de-salt and de-ionize produced water; or (4) de-oil, de-
NORM, de-salt and de-ionize produced wate

The present invention provides a membrane, kit, and method of making a hydrophilic-hydrophobic 1
random copolymer membrane. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic random copolymer membrane includes a
hydrophilic-hydrophobic random copolymer. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic random copolymer includes
one or more hydrophilic monomers having a sulfonated polyarylsulfone monomer and a second
monomer and one or more hydrophobic monomers having a non-sulfonated third monomer and a
fourth monomer. The sulfonated polyarylsulfone monomer introduces a sulfonate into the hydrophilic-
hydrophobic random copolymer prior to polymerizatio

A coreless and spirally wound non-woven filter element is provided. The filter element includes at 1
least one band of base media having a selected porosity and an interlay having a different porosity
within at least one band of base media. The presence of the interlay in the filter element can create
additional surface area within the contiguous construction of a filter element for filtration. This interlay
can also create the ability to change direction of flow and to increase the deposition of specifically
sized contaminant

N/A
The present invention provides a nanostructured device comprising a substrate including nanotroughs 1
therein; and a lipid bilayer suspended on or supported in the substrate. A separation method is also
provided comprising the steps of supporting or suspending a lipid bilayer on a substrate; wherein the
substrate comprises nanostructures and wherein the lipid bilayer comprises at least one membrane
associated biomolecule; and applying a driving force to the lipid bilayer to separate the membrane
associated biomolecule from the lipid bilayer and to drive the membrane associated biomolecule into
the nanostructure

Embodiments of a method and filter apparatus (10) for filtering and/or treating water are shown and 1
described, each embodiment being for multiple-stage processing of water or other liquid, with storage
intermediate between the stages. Preferably, water is passed through a first zone (28) of a filter
housing cavity and conducted through an intermediate port (16) to storage (24). When water is
demanded by a usage device (22), water flows in reverse from storage back into the filter (10), to flow
through the second zone (42) for a second stage of filtering/treatment, and then preferably out an
outlet port (18) to the usage device. Water may also flow from the water source directly through the
first and second zones (28, 42) and to the usage device (22), without intermediate storage. Preferably,
both first and second zones are contained and axially arranged within a single filter housing (12).
Preferably, water flows bi-directionally through a central return tube (26, 26''), or other axial passage
(26') through the first zone media that connects to a combined outlet-inlet intermediate port (16) in or
near the housing top wall, so that this tube or axial passage may be used as the collector for the first
zone effluent and also the distributor for the second zone feed. Alternatively, a side-wall combined
outlet-inlet intermediate port (16') may be used to conduct the inter-zone liquid to and from storag

In a process for treating water to produce potable water fit for human consumption, a treatment 1
method is employed for reducing the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms in a volume of
water (19) that contains pathogenic microorganisms less than about 10 microns in size. The process
includes s primary treatment facility (21), adding an agglomerate-promoting agent (35, 37) such as a
coagulant chemical to the volume of water such that solids aggregates form in an agglomeration
vessel (33), passing the water through a filter cloth membrane (29) to separate greater than about
50.0 % of the pathogenic microorganisms, and disinfecting in a disinfection facility (31). The filter cloth
membrane used is constructed of random web needled polyester fel

A method of reclaiming spent aqueous brine solutions used in the regeneration of water-softening 1
resins is disclosed. An aqueous chloride or other brine solution is acidified with HC1 to a pH of
between about 0.5 and 6 and a soluble sulfate salt, preferably Na2SO4 is added, together with a
precipitation inhibitor of the type polyacrylamide. Following such treatment, the spent brine is pumped
at high pressure axially through a spirally-wound nanofiltration-type membrane device which is
effective to remove at least about 90 % of the divalent hardness while allowing passage therethrough
of at least about 90 % of the monovalent cations. As a result of such treatment, about 90 to 95 % of
the volume of spent brine can be efficiently and effectively reclaimed in a form in which it is suitable
for use again in regenerating water-softening resins or the lik

The invention concerns a method and an installation for water treatment, which consists in subjecting 1
the water to be treated to membrane filtering (1) to provide the relatively high flow rate required for
currently used water (UF) and, to provide the more reduced rate flow required for improved quality
water (OS); in subjecting the water derived from the membrane filtering to a reverse osmosis filtering;
in clearing the osmosis membrane (9) upstream surface with the consumed membrane filtering water
flo

A portable water treatment apparatus including: a pump, a coarse filter means, an adsorbent filter 1
means, a fine filter means, a silver ion generator downstream of the pump and in series with the
adsorbent filter and control means for controlling the operation of said first silver generator whereby
said silver ion generator discharges silver ions into the water at a predetermined rate and in response
to a predetermined flow rate, said control means including a flow switc
A method for surely sterilizing a separating membrane in a membrane separation apparatus which 1
comprises adding an inexpensive acid such as sulfuric acid intermittently to a liquid feed after being
pretreated in such a manner that the feed has a pH of 4 or less, to thereby intermittently sterilize the
membrane and the piping in the vicinity thereo

The present invention is directed to the use of a resin trap device to remove large resin particles from 1
water in a water purification system to thereby protect downstream ultrafiltration equipment. The
present invention includes a resin trap device which comprises a housing and a resin strainer
disposed within the housing. The resin strainer includes a plurality of openings having a particle pass
size of between about 100 mu m and about 250 mu m, and thus allows water and small particles to
pass through the resin trap device and large particles to be retained in the resin trap device. The
present invention also includes a water purification system including a water source, a resin bed and
the resin trap device, and a method of purifying water using the resin trap device of the inventio

A point-of-use water treatment system (10) with a front housing (12), a finned aluminum plate (26), a 1
cover (20) over a filter unit and a cover (18) over a UV tank uni

The invention concerns a method for membrane filtering of water, characterised in that the filtering 1
through membranes is performed by using as differential pressure source the water level (36) in the
tank (2) wherein the membranes (12) are immersed, and the membranes are of the fibre type with
outer skin, substantially arranged in a U-shape and potted in their low sectio

A method and apparatus for inhibiting scaling in an electrodeionization system (10) or in a combined 1
reverse osmosis/electrodeionization system (62, 10) for water treatment and, more particularly, for
increasing tolerance to hardness in the feed water to an electrodeionization unit (10) to inhibit
precipitation of metal cations contained in the feed water and for increasing efficiency of the
electrodeionization system. Water to be purified is passed through an electrodeionization unit (10) in
which a concentrate stream recycling (12) through concentrating compartments (18) and anode and
cathode compartments (20, 22) contains effective amounts of an antiscalant to inhibit precipitation of
scale. One or more preliminary reverse osmosis units (62, 72, 74, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140) in
series with the electrodeionization unit (10) preferably receives a portion of the antiscalants in the
concentrate stream (12, 44). The antiscalant in the water fed to the reverse osmosis unit (62) can be
supplemented and adjusted. Electrolyte can be provided to the concentrate stream (44) of the
electrodeionization unit from products of the reverse osmosi

The invention relates to a method and a device for separating biomass from water in a biomass-water 1
mixture (2) resulting from the biological purification of waste water by means of membrane filtration,
wherein the filter membranes are embodied as movable membrane lugs (12) supported on one side
and subjected to membrane wall shear stress required for their operation by the horizontal flow (8) of
the biomass-water mixture (2
A low pressure portable water filtration system purifies water through an in-line filter that enhances 1
filter media longevity by purifying only the volume of water used. Both a primary filter and a spring
loaded positive seal pre-filter are employed. The water is held in a bladder-like containe

A composite filter medium for removing particulates in the 3 to 4 micron range as well as dissolved 1
chemical contaminants from a fluid. The filter medium contains an adsorbent layer (11) for removing
dissolved contaminants, and a hydrophilic layer (19) for removing particulates. In one embodiment,
the adsorbent layer comprises a supporting substrate (12), adsorbent particles (16), and binder
particles (18). The filter medium is characterized by a mean flow pore diameter of about 1 to 10
microns, a bubble point of about 3 to 15 microns, and an air permeability of about 0.5 to 7 liters per
minute/cm2 with a pressure drop of about 0,1 bar. The composite filter medium may be used in the
construction of potable water filters for the removal of potentially hazardous microorganism

Disclosed is a fluid treatment element, such as a filter element, operable in a dead end mode or a 1
crossflow mode. In certain embodiments, the fluid treatment element includes a multilayer composite
formed into axially extending pleats. In certain other embodiments, adjoining pleats are in a laid-over
state and pressed against each other over a substantial portion of their height. The fluid treatment
element can be compact yet have a large surface area available for fluid treatment. Also disclosed are
a fluid treatment element and a method, particularly an all fluoropolymer fluid treatment element and a
method, for diffusively transferring material from one fluid stream to another fluid stream, for example,
for transferring ozone into water. Further disclosed are a device and method for crossflow cleaning of
fluid treatment element

The present invention relates to methods for freshening and desalting mineralised natural water or 1
waste water. This invention more precisely relates to a method for the reverse-osmosis separation of
salt crystals from mineralised water, as well as to a device for realising said method. This method
involves supplying starting water under pressure into a membrane installation comprising a
membrane apparatus. A permeate and a concentrate are obtained from the starting at the outlet of the
membrane installation, wherein said concentrate is cooled down first in a heat exchanger and then in
a crystalliser provided with a cooling system, the heat generated being discharged towards a cold
source. The cooled concentrate is further fed into a separator in order to separate the crystals in the
form of a dry product, the remaining solution being mixed back with the starting water by feeding it
through a heat exchanger. The membrane installation includes sand filters, intermediate vessels with
microfiltres, a high-pressure pump as well as membrane apparatus, wherein the installation includes
at least three pairs of sand filters and intermediate vessels. The membrane apparatus are connected
to each other in parallel and their number is at least equal to two. This installation also includes a
chemical reactant vessel connected to the pump for supplying the starting mineralised water through
a dosing pump. The membrane apparatus includes a body in which a plurality of membrane elements
are provided together with filtrate discharge channels and connection pegs arranged between said
membrane elements. The apparatus further includes covers provided with ducts for supplying the
starting mineralised liquid and for discharging the permeate and the concentrat

An apparatus for removing residual cleaning chemicals from water is in the form of a mobile unit 1
supported on ground engaging wheels (12) and has a receptacle (W) with an open top generally at
waist level, into which a quantity of contaminated water may be tipped, and a body of active carbon
material forming a filter (18), arranged for the contaminated water tipped into the receptacle (W) to
pass upwardly through the filte
Water is supplied to a water user outlet facility (41, 42, 43) by maintaining a tappable flow of water in
a recirculating loop that includes a pump (20) for establishing and maintaining the flow while imparting
thermal energy to water, a water delivery path that extends from the pump to the outlet facility, a water
return path that extends from the outlet facility back to the pump, and one or more water treatment
devices (30, 31) for improving the potability of and imparting further thermal energy to water within
said loop. The flow is permitted to be controllably tapped at the facility by a water user while directing
any untapped portion of the flow into the water return path. Such recirculation makes the recirculating
loop and water within the loop less sensitive to the temperature of the surrounding environment and
enables water distribution in freezing temperatures without a need for external heatin

A filtration device having a base portion (14) including a sump (32) which has an inlet (28) and an 1
outlet (30) and which accommodates a filter element (50). The base has a reception port (70) for
receiving the filter element. The sump optionally is enclosed by a housing (12) which is engaged to a
portion of the bas

The invention concerns an apparatus (1) treating water for household use comprising a inlet pipe (2),
a mechanical filter (3) containing active substances (4), an ultraviolet radiation lamp (5), an expansion
tube (6) exposed to said radiation and designed to selectively allow through said radiation, an outlet
pipe (7), a pipe network (8), a member (9) placed in the pipe network (8) for circulating water in the
apparatus (1), a power supply (10), and a control device (11) operating on the member (9) and the
lamp (5) power supply. The invention is characterised in that the control device (11) is connected to a
timing element (12) which allows the member (9) to be actuated only after a predetermined time
interval during which the lamp (5) is operationa

An improved porous substrate for zeolite membranes is formed by coating the substrate with a layer 1
of zeolite particles of a narrow particle distribution size of between 20 and 0.01 micron

The present invention relates to composite solid polymer electrolyte membranes (SPEMs) which 1
include a porous polymer substrate interpenetrated with an ion-conducting material. SPEMs of the
present invention are useful in electrochemical applications, including fuel cells and electrodialysi
The invention concerns a device for purifying fluid with photonic pulses comprising a helical pulse
xenon lamp (4) having one or several turns emitting a photonic radiation ranging from low ultraviolet
to unbroken infrared, and mounted on a cylindrical quartz tube (7) wherein passes the fluid to be
treated, said lamp being optionally associated with a longitudinal lamp (5) of similar type immersed in
the tube centre, the assembly being arranged in a chamber (1) whereof the internal walls (6) reflect
ultraviolet radiation. The invention is particularly designed for treating water in general, water for a
distribution system, waste water or drinking water as well as water stored in reservoirs or tanks for fish
farming. The treated fluid can also be a gas such as air or a liquid other than wate

The cross-flow filtration apparatus (10) comprises a filtration (50), a process zone (12) and a buffer 1
zone (14). The retentate outlet means (20) of filtration means (50) is in fluid communication with the
buffer zone (14) and the permeate outlet means (16) is in fluid communication with the process zone
(12). In use, substantially undiluted permeate is accumulated in the process zone (12), whilst a
suspension of retained matter is accumulated in the buffer zone (14). The apparatus (10) is suitable
for analysing, for manufacturing chemical, biochemical, enzyme or biological product, for treating
wash liquor from laundry or dishwashing machines, or for air, water or effluent treatmen

The invention provides a water treatment apparatus to remove impurities, the apparatus comprising a 1
housing (10, 70) having an inlet (15; 77, 80) for the water to be treated, an outlet (21, 85) for the
treated water and treatment means (14, 16, 17, 18, 18A, 82) within the housing (10, 70) to remove
impurities from the water, characterised in that one or more probes (24, 25, 26, 32, 34, 36) are
provided within the housing to detect the level (22) of water in the housing, the probes (24, 25, 26, 32,
34, 36) being fitted within a separate chamber (19) in the housing, the chamber (19) receiving only
treated water from the treatment means within the housin

A method of treating water by adding ozone to raw water and filtrating the raw water by an ozone- 1
resistant film, characterized by comprising the steps of detecting the concentration of ozone existing
in a filtrate passed through the ozone-resistant film and automatically controlling the amount of ozone
to be charged into raw water so that the ozone concentration attains a predetermined valu

A method is described for the production of magnesium chloride from sea water to be used in the 1
production of magnesium metal. The method is based on the use of selective nanofiltration
membranes to separate the magnesium directly from the sea water.$L'invention concerne un
procédé de production, à partir de l'eau de mer, du chlorure de magnésium qui servira dans la
production d'un métal magnésium. Le procédé consiste à utiliser des membranes de
nanofiltation sélectives pour séparer le magnésium directement de l'eau de me

The invention relates to a purifying device for liquid, that has filtering means (1) in order to separate 1
impurities in the liquid to be treated by mechanical filtration and purifying means (2), such as an
activated carbon element or like, in order to eliminate impurities in the liquid to be treated by
absorption or correspondingly, which means (1, 2) are arranged essentially built-in therein. The
mechanical filtering means (1) are carried out by a thin filtering film (1a) made of plastic based
material, such as PTM (Particle Track Membrane), TeM (Track-edge Membrane) or like, the porosity
of which is 5-15 %, the thickness preferably 10-25 mu m and the size of pores 0,5 mu m at its heigh

A portable, self-contained, fully integrated water purification device which includes a receptacle 1
modified to accommodate a filtration assembly for purifying water, and to store water following
purification. The receptacle provides separate openings for water intake, and water outflow. The
filtration assembly includes a pump in form of a piston and a multistage filter cartridge. Pump action
draws water into the water purification device and forces the water through the multistage filter and
into the receptacle. Purified water may be stored in the receptacle until consumptio
A water treatment tank (46) for use with an inverted bottled water receptacle (220) has two 1
compartments (52, 54), one above the other, formed by a separating baffle (56). The lower
compartment (54) has cooling coils (74) about the walls for cooling the water therein relative to the
water in the upper compartment (52). An ultraviolet lamp (76) extends through both compartments
(52, 54) and the baffle (56) to purify the water. The ultraviolet lamp (76) transmits rays over a full
range of 360 degrees and there are no blocking elements within the tank (46). Each compartment
communicates through a respective dispenser (82, 90). The tank (46) receives water from the
receptable (220) through a conduit (250) to the upper compartment (52

A method and apparatus for microfiltration useful in softening water as well as in removing other 1
dissolved constituents where the method comprises passing water that contains a precipitate through
a semipermeable tubular membrane. Filtrate is received from the outside of the tubular membrane
and the filtrate contains levels of dissolved compounds at concentrations below those that would be
predicted by the solubility limits of the compounds. The method may be practiced at elevated
pressures without incurring significant fouling of the membrane. It is particularly suited to removing
cations such as calcium and magnesium that contribute to water hardness. The water may be treated
prior to passing through the membrane by adjusting pH, adding complementary anions, or adding a
flocculant. The apparatus comprises a series of semipermeable tubular membranes housed in a
module. The membranes are fluidly connected to an inlet and two outlets. A momentary dynamic
membrane is disposed on the inner surface of the tubular membran

The invention concerns a method and a plant for abating the total organic carbon content and 1
considerably eliminate harmful organic compounds in water such as industrial waste effluents. Said
method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps which consist in: ozonizing (2) said
effluents in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst; filtering (3) said effluents on an absorbent
granular material bed collecting a purifying biomass; carrying out membrane filtration (6) of said
effluent

The invention relates to a method and a system for deep sea water desalination. The system consists 1
of a purification and desalination device which includes several tubular purification and desalination
units; and a desalted water storage and conveying means. The means includes a storage tank,
pumps by which the desalted water is extracted, water level and pressure sensors, a pipe which is
communicated with atmosphere, and a pipeline. The system is installed in the deep sea. The sea
water is desalinated by utilizing pressure difference between the surface sea water and the deep sea
water. The deep sea water pressure and atmorpheric pressure are applied to the reverse osmotic
membrane module. The desalted water from the purification and desalination device is conveyed to a
storage tank in the sea, then is pumped via a pipeline to a surface extraction point. The deslated
water of the invention is not contaminated. The sea water can be sufficiently desalinate

A fully perfluorinated thermoplastic hollow fiber membrane fluid-fluid contactor and a process for 1
manufacturing the contactor is described. The contactor has a unitary end structure produced by a
single step potting and bonding process. The contactor can be operated with low surface tension
liquids and in harsh chemical environment

An apparatus for providing a predetermined volume of biocidally treated water to a feed water side 1
(110) of a reverse osmosis device (108) when it is shut down. A biocide dispenser (144) treats a
predetermined volume of water from a source with a biocidal agent. A valve (146), coupled to the
source of the predetermined volume of water, transfers the predetermined volume of water to the feed
water side of the reverse osmosis device (108). A controller, coupled to the valve (146), causes the
transfer of the predetermined volume of water after a source of feed water connected to the feed
water side (110) of the reverse osmosis device (108) is shut off, and then causes the predetermined
volume of water to remain in the feed water side (110) of the reverse osmosis device (108) while the
reverse osmosis device (108) is shut dow
Systems and methods for water purification are disclosed. The system includes an inlet for untreated 1
water, an outlet for purified water, a filter assembly having a filter medium interposed between the inlet
and the outlet, and a chlorine dioxide source. Water is purified by contacting chlorine dioxide with
water and passing the water through a filter medium. The systems and methods are particularly
applicable for the purification of industrial process water, and municipal surface water and ground
water for potable us

The disclosed invention relates to methods and apparatus for producing hemodialysate. In one 1
embodiment, the invention comprises a water purification pack (100) and a hemodialysis cartridge
(10) mated to one another. In addition, the hemodialysis housing outlet (230) attaches to a tubing
(240) that connects the reagent cartridge (10) to any suitable collection reservoir (250

A novel method for eliminating or reducing, or otherwise treating, aquatic pests using juglone or
juglone analogs is described. The methods are useful for removing zebra mussels and quagga
mussels from water intake pipes and various other underwater hard surfaces. In addition, the
methods are useful for treating dinoflaggellates, algae and amphipods, among other pest, from ballast
water. A great advantage that these methods have over current protocols is that they have low
environmental ris

A filter assembly comprises a high pressure housing containing a filter, which may be a fibrous filter, 1
carried by mountings and end members. This assembly acts as a prefilter for fluids at high pressures
(for example, in excess of 200 kPa). The filter assembly can be used as a pre-filter to a reverse
osmosis filter in, for example, a system for desalinating salt water or other salt-containing flui

A system or means for removing microorganisms such as viruses from water which comprises 1
associating a water/resin contact component (i.e. a residence time enhancer means or component)
with a disinfectant resin component and a (particulate) filter componen
A water treatment apparatus which comprises an inlet for unpurified water, a boiler (4) for purifying 1
water by heating, a heating means (5) for heating the water in the boiler (4), and an outlet for purified
water. The transport of water through the apparatus takes place by means of, respectively, an
overpressure and an underpressure, which originate in the boiler (4) during, respectively, a first and a
second phase of a heat-exchanging process. The first phase of the heat-exchanging process
comprises heating of the water in the boiler (4) until a predetermined temperature is reached, and
maintaining this temperature during a predetermined period of time. The second phase of the heat-
exchanging process comprises condensation through cooling of vapor, until a predetermined
temperature is reached, said vapor being generated by heating the water during the first phase. By
virtue of the above-mentioned way of transporting water through the apparatus, the water treatment
apparatus does not need a pump or a continuous connection to the water main for transporting wate

The reactor for cleaning and disinfection of aquatic media consists of a cylindrical casing with 1
coaxially installed in it an ultra-violet tube fitted with a protective quarts jacket, an untreated water
inlet, an ultra-sound vibration chamber and a treated water outlet. The reactor provides an advanced
level of water cleaning from organic, inorganic, toxic agents and microflora at simultaneous reduction
of energy consumption and the process duration, as well as prevention from precipitation on the
surfaces of the reactor casing and the ultra-violet emission tube quartz jacket, due to subjecting of the
water to ultra-sound and ultra-violet radiation in the same acoustic fiel

An apparatus and method of removing salt from seawater to produce potable freshwater. A large 1
metal cylinder (12), with open top and bottom ends, is anchored to the sea floor offshore. Several
pressure hulls (15, 16) are attached to the side of the cylinder. The interior of each pressure hull is
maintained at about one atmosphere, but the hulls are submerged at a depth at which the ambient
water pressure is several atmospheres. Within each pressure hull there are several reverse osmosis
devices (""RODs"") (20). Check valves (30) allow seawater to pass from outside the hulls into the
RODs. Due to the pressure differential, freshwater passes through the membranes (22) of the RODs
by reverse osmosis, and is pumped out of the pressure hulls to a storage facility (36) onshor

Water dispenser, which comprises, in addition to a water container, a filter element contained within a 1
filter housing having an inlet and a dispensing outlet, a source of pressure and first valve and first
conduit means for feeding water from the container to the filter housing inlet; means for feeding gas to
the filter inlet to create gas pressure at the inlet, consisting of a reservoir, second valve and conduit
means for controlling the level of the water in the reservoir, and the control means comprise third
conduit and valve means for permitting or preventing the admission of water into the reservoir; a
pressure gauge for monitoring the pressure at the filter inlet; and control means for controlling the gas
feeding means to cause or stop the feeding. The source of pressure may be a compressed gas
cylinder provided with valve and conduit means for controlling the admission of compressed gas from
the cylinder into the water container, and the means for feeding gas to the filter inlet comprise conduit
and valve means for feeding gas to the inlet directly from the gas cylinde

An object of the invention is to provide a tangential flow, cell concentration and fusion apparatus (12) 1
which includes a transparent housing (24) and a first input channel (1) contained in the housing (24).
In the housing (24), a concentration chamber (26) includes a proximal end connected to the first input
channel (1) and extends along a longitudinal axis (28). A first output channel (5) is connected to a
distal end of the concentration chamber (26). A filter (3) serves as a wall of the concentration chamber
(26), is located between the first input channel (1) and the first output channel (5), and extends in a
direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (28
The invention concerns the technical sector of the preventive treatment, the physical treatment of 1
water and treatment for inhibiting scale formation and corrosion. More particularly the invention
concerns a plant for the physical treatment of water with high degree of hardness and/or or high
sulphate content, comprising at least a generator (12) producing hot water from a cold water supply
(2), at least a buffer balloon (1) for storing the hot water produced and at least a device for the
physical treatment of said water (6). The invention is characterised in that said plant comprises at
least a piping loop (7, 5) connected to said generator (12), which loop comprises at least said buffer
storage balloon (1), a device for the physical treatment of water (62) preferably with
micro.ndash.electrolytic effect and a circulating pump (10) capable of renewing the volume of said
balloon (1) at least twice in an hour and for at least eight hours per day, said device for the physical
treatment of water (62) being capable of enriching the water in ionic germs of calcium carbonate and
magnesium in the form of soft majority non.ndash.scaling aragonit

A method for purifying a turbid water characterized in that a turbid water containing fine particles 1
comprising an inorganic component is filtered through a hollow fiber membrane having an outer
diameter of 0.5 mm to 3.1 mm and a waved form by feeding the turbid water from its circumference
side and thereafter the hollow fiber membrane is subjected to a physical cleaning: a hollow fiber
membrane bundle and a hollow fiber membrane module for use in the method. The method can be
employed for reducing the damage of the outer surface of a membrane during a physical cleaning
process and preventing the occurrence of clogging of openings in the surface, and hence for
achieving a stable operation of filtering. The hollow fiber membrane bundle is suitably prepared by a
method comprising extruding a hollow fiber-like product from a double spinneret, bringing the
extruded hollow product into contact with a pulsating fluid under specific conditions, and cooling and
solidifying or coagulating it in a rocking stat

A method of purifying fluids in which a filter (42) is disposed at sufficient depth in a channel (20), a 1
fluid is electrolyzed to produce a gas, and expansion of the gas is used to raise the filtrate upwards.
The methods are contemplated to be particularly useful with salty or brackish feed fluids (74), and in
which the channel provides a head pressure equivalent to a depth of at least 100 meters, or more
preferably several hundred meters. The electrolysis preferably employs a catalyst, and produces
hydrogen and oxyge

The present invention relates to a method for disinfecting and purifying liquids and gasses comprising: 1
a) passing said liquids or gasses through a reactor or a combination of reactors, having a truncated
compounded concentrator geometry; and b) simultaneously delivering and concentrating diversified
electromagnetic and acoustic energies into a specific predetermined inner space of said compounded
concentrator reactor, forming a high energy density zone in said reactor or reactors over a
predetermined period of time. The reactor according to the present invention is preferably a
compounded parabolic concentrator or a compounded ellipsoidal concentrator. The electromagnetic
energy delivered and concentrated into and inside the reactor can be of any range of the
electromagnetic spectrum, such as ultra-violet, visible, infra-red, microwave etc., or combination
thereof. The acoustic energy is of any suitable frequency. The radiation source delivering the
electromagnetic radiation can be enclosed within the reactor or can be external to the reacto

A chelate-forming porous hollow fiber membrane, characterized by being produced by reacting the 1
residues of an epoxy compound radiation-grafted onto the surface of a polyethylene porous hollow
fiber membrane with a compound which reacts with the residues to give residues containing a
structure represented by formula (1) or (2) and a method for the recovery of germanium oxide,
characterized by collecting germanium oxide contained in an aqueous solution by the use of the
above hollow fiber membrane and then eluting the oxid

A water dispensing unit (10) for providing substantially treated or distilled water includes a display 1
panel (88) at a housing (92) of the unit. The display panel is operable to convey an advertising
message to a user of the water dispensing unit. The water dispensing unit may be a distillation unit
which comprises a boiling unit (14), a steam tube (16), a condensing unit (18), a holding tank (20) and
at least one dispensing nozzle (12
A bottle mountable filtration system typically includes a plurality of different filter elements or filtering 1
and treatment elements having a substantially common central axis that are mounted to extend into a
bottle from a cap with a manual valve. Mounting structures may be provided, by screw threads, or by
an interference fit, and connect the filter treating elements to the cap. An outer filter treating element
may comprise a chlorine removal primarily radial flow outer filter, and an inner treatment element
comprising a flavoring, vitamin, mineral, or medication adding component including a mixing chamber
which provides an axial flow chamber radially surrounded by the flavoring, etc., adding component.
Conversely, the inner treatment element may be a radial flow carbon composite filter used
independently or in conjunction with one of several independent outer water treatment elements
which may be radial or axial flow in design for the removal of a variety of biological, organic, or
inorganic contaminant

The invention relates to a compact apparatus and method for the treatment of waste water using
ultraviolet radiation. The fluid treatment device comprises: a fluid inlet (24); a fluid outlet (26); a
cylindrical housing (30) extending substantially vertically between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet;
flow control means (50) connected to the fluid outlet; and cooling fins (33) means externally mounted
on the cylindrical housing. To ensure a thin laminar flow of fluid along the ultraviolet radiation source,
the radial distance between the exterior surface of the ultraviolet radiation source and the interior wall
of the cylindrical housing is between 0 and 0.25 inches. The method of treating a fluid utilizing the fluid
treatment apparatus comprises the steps of: adjusting a flow control means to accommodate a flow
rate of between 1 and 3 imperial gallons per minute; directing a flow of fluid into a fluid inlet; irradiating
the flow of fluid as it passes by an ultraviolet radiation source positioned in a housing; directing the
fluid flow through a fluid outlet; and directing the fluid flow to the flow control means. A solenoid valve
(44) mounted on the fluid inlet and connected to a delay switch stops the fluid flow into the housing for
a predefined period whenever power to the ultraviolet radiation source is re-engaged following a
power shutdown. Utilizing the apparatus and method of the invention, efficient decontamination of
human waste for residential or small commercial applications is possibl

A time delay in de-energizing the electronic ballast (180) and its associated UV lamp (78) subsequent 1
to cessation of water discharge from a user-activated water treatment unit (10) ensures irradiation of
the water prior to a subsequent user-activated water discharge and reduces the likelihood of any live
microorganisms being present in the water subsequently discharged. A soft start of the UV lamp (78)
upon actuation of the water treatment unit (10) reduces the mechanical stresses imposed upon the
filaments of the UV lamp and the life span of the UV lamp is enhance

Disclosed is a method of removing nano-sized pathogens, including viruses, from a liquid, the method 1
comprising contacting the liquid with a filter comprising activated carbon particles wherein said filter
has a Pathogen Removal Index of at least about 99.99 %. Also disclosed is an article of manufacture
comprising: (a) a filter comprising activated carbon particles, wherein said filter has a Pathogen
Removal Index of at least about 99.99 %; and (b) information which communicates to a user that the
filter may be used to remove nano-sized pathogens from a liqui
A water disinfection, filtration and pump system comprising a portable disinfection device, sweet water 1
filter system and a reverse osmosis filter system is disclosed. The pump (100) optionally comprises a
pressure recovery feature with improved valve mechanism for retentate discharge. A dual three-way
valve mechanism (150, 178) preferably optimizes the pump for operation with and without the reverse
osmosis filter (166). A manual operating mechanism of a preferred embodiment optionally comprises
a folding or extending pump jack mechanism, and an energy storage device to reduce the peak load
requirement for the pump. The disinfection mechanism (390) optionally comprises a brine storage
compartment (308) and generates oxidants for release into the substance to be treate

The method comprises the following steps: passing a warm vaporising stream of liquid (retentate 1
stream) (3) over a porous membrane (4), vapour (9) flowing via the pores of the membrane (4) and
condensing said vapour (9) on a cool condenser surface (2) to give a distillate stream (10), said
condenser surface (2) separating a feed Hng stream (1), from said distillate stream (10), which feed
stream (1) is in counter-current with the retentate stream (3), and a gas gap (5) with a width of less
than 5mn being present between the porous membrane (4) and the condenser surface (2). To
improve the distillate flow rate per unit driving force, a pressure which is lower than the atmospheric
pressure and higher than the vapour pressure of the feed stream (1) is maintained in the gas gap (5),
the porosity of the porous membrane (4) is higher than 0.7, the surface area of the condenser surface
is 1.2 to 6 times the surface area of the porous membrane (4), the effective local vapour pressure
difference between the retentate stream (3) and the perceptible heat of the distillate stream (10) is
released by heat exchange to the feed stream (1) and/or the retentate stream (3

A hollow fiber membrane made of a cellulose derivative, wherein the thickness of the membrane is 50 1
to 500 mu m, at least one of the inside and outside surfaces thereof is a minute membrane surface
having an average pore diameter of 0.001 to 0.05 mu m, an internal portion of the membrane
comprises a three dimensional porous network structure having vacant pores of an average pore
diameter of 0.05 to 2 mu m and cellulose acetate propionate or cellulose acetate butyrate takes
account for 70 wt % or more of the material of the membrane. The cellulose derivative hollow fiber
membrane has high mechanical strength and is less susceptible to biodegradatio

A cleaning apparatus (10) for a radiation source assembly (35) in a fluid treatment system is
described. The cleaning apparatus comprises cleaning chamber (20) and a second chamber (25, 30)
independent of the cleaning chamber which defines a fluid (typically water) buffer layer to obviate or
mitigate cleaning fluid from the cleaning chamber leaking into the fluid being treated. The fluid
treatment system is particularly useful for us in clean water applications in which ultraviolet radiation is
used to treat the water while having the advantages of in situ cleaning of the radiation source when it
becomes foule
A device for concentrating and recovering target particles using a concentration device in which 1
filtering is combined with ultrasonic trapping after impurities in liquid are removed by no-contact
trapping using a standing ultrasonic wave, or a water treatment device reduced in filter clogging
frequency, which is particularly effective in detecting microorganisms in water. Specifically, a water
treatment device for removing particles in water by a filter, wherein a frequency in maintenance
including filter replacing and backwashing can be reduce

An ultrafiltration and microfiltration method calls for contacting a suspension of particles in an 1

aqueous suspension with a microporous membrane structure that has pores of size effective to reject
particles in the range of about 0.01-10 mu m. At least a portion of the membrane structure in contact
with the suspension has a surface energy less than that of polytetrafluoroethylene. Low surface
energy can be achieved by coating a microporous substrate with a substance such as fluorine
substituted dioxole polymer. The filtration method has superior resistance to fouling and can produce
continuous filtrate flow in excess of 100 L/(m-h) for more than 150 hours. The new method is useful in
many traditionally fouling prone ultrafiltration and microfiltration membrane applications such as the
filtering of shipboard generated graywater wast

A membrane filtration system which uses pump speed controllers to control flow rate and pressure 1
during both the filtration cycle and the backwash cycle. The pump speed controllers operate by
changing the frequency of AC current delivered to the pump motors, which changes the flow rate by
changing the speed of the pump motor. The speed controllers operate by modulating the pump input
power frequency in response to a signal from a flow or pressure signal received from a flow or
pressure meter located on a liquid input pipe. This pump speed control method avoids the cyclical
dampening patterns observed when trying to adjust pressure and/or flow rates by adjusting regulating
valves. The system can also reduce or prevent formation of pressure spikes when switching from a
filtration cycle to a backwash cycle, and vice versa. This reduces the likelihood of damage to the
membrane from hydraulic pressure pulses. Finally, it offers the flexibility to provide pressure and flow
pulses throughout the filtration and backwash cycles. These pulses have been found to dislodge
foulants from the membrane while improving the net flux across the membrane, resulting in an
increase in system productivit

The invention concerns a water filtering cartridge, comprising a sealed housing (1) including in 1
succession a water intake (2), a membrane barrier (7) and a water outlet (8). The invention is
characterised in that a granular filtering additive (4), capable of being deposited on said membrane
barrier (7), is set in the housing (1) between the water intake (2) and said membrane barrier (7), said
membrane barrier having a cutting threshold less than the minimum size of the grains of the filtering
additive (4

Apparatus for treating water or other fluid with radiant energy from an ultraviolet lamp (90) includes a 1
helical shaped input fluid flow guide or helical ramp (60) disposed at or near one end an elongated
annular chamber around the lamp. The guide or ramp serves to impart input spiral flow momentum to
the fluid upon entry to the chamber. A corresponding output fluid flow guide or helical ramp (70) may
be disposed at or near the opposed end of the chamber to impart output spiral flow momentum to the
fluid as it approaches discharge from the chamber. Spiral flow serves to extend the time that the fluid
is exposed to ultraviolet light and thereby increases the probability that any microbiological
contaminants present in the fluid will be killed. The use helical shaped guides or ramps better serves
to establish such a flow in circumstances where the available fluid pressure is relatively lo

In connection with a reverse osmosis plant an energy recovery plant is arranged to utilize the 1
pressure in the high pressure return-brine from the reverse osmosis plant. The energy recovery plant
comprises two exchange containers operating in opposing phases, and for each container a return
stage is implemented for the evacuation of return-brine, faster than the forward stage for the other
container. This provides an uninterrupted flow to and from the reverse osmosis plan
A system is provided for withdrawing permeate from a substrate through a filter and for cleaning the 1
filter in situ. The system includes a vessel configured to contain a substrate and a compartment
connected to receive substrate from the vessel and connected to return a portion of received
substrate to the vessel during normal operation of the system. The system also includes a filter
positioned at least partially within the compartment to withdraw permeate from substrate in the
compartment during normal operation of the system. A source of cleaning solution is connected to the
compartment to deliver cleaning solution into the compartment and into contact with the filter during
cleaning operation of the system. The compartment facilitates circulation of substrate in the vessel
during normal operation of the system and substantially prevents introduction of cleaning solution
from the compartment into contact with substrate contained in the vessel during cleaning operation. A
method is also provide

A method for purifying water comprising a first step of feeding ozone-containing air into water, to
perform disinfection of the water by the ozone, a second step of irradiating an ultraviolet ray of a
medium wave length to the water obtained from the first step, to thereby form a hydroxy radical or a
superoxide, and a third step of further irradiating an ultraviolet ray of a long wave length to the water
treated in the second step; and an apparatus for the method. The second step and/or the third step
are preferably carried out in the presence of orthorhombic titanium oxide particles or such titanium
oxide particles carrying other fine metal particles. The method can be employed for performing rapid
disinfection of water and also decomposing an organic compound being less susceptible to
decompositio

The present invention is directed to a point-of-use water treatment system (WTS) unit (20) for filtering 1
and treating contaminants in water. WTS unit (20) may include a first primary coil (74) located in a
base unit (22) which inductively power a secondary treatment device such as a UV lamp assembly
(24). A filter assembly (26) is used which has a filter block (90) and an inner sleeve (92) which extends
inside filter block (90). Inner sleeve (92) defines a chamber in which the secondary treatment device
(24) may be disposed. First and second valves and seals may be interposed between the filter
assembly (26), secondary treatment device (24) and base unit (22) to allow the filter assembly (26)
and secondary treatment device (24) to be independently replaceable. Secondary treatment device
(24) may be a lamp assembly (24) which includes a condensing element (84) to condense mercury in
a bulb in the arc path between filaments (444). Maintaining the condensed mercury between filaments
(444) serves to reduce the time needed for lamp assembly (24) to produce light emissions of a
predetermined intensity upon subsequent energization as compared to allowing the mercury to
condense outside the arc path. A reflector assembly (402) may be used in lamp assembly (24) to
focus radiation upon conduits (80) carrying water therethrough and away from returning to a bulb
assembly (82) from which the radiation was originally emitted. An outer enclosure or housing (400)
surrounds the bulb and reflector assemblies (82, 402) such that lamp assembly (24) becomes a
generally closed pressure vessel. Also, a light pipe (250) impregnated with a florescent dye may be
used to convert UV light into visible light for ease of monitoring the light output intensity of lamp
assembly (24). Light pipe (250) also serves as a filter to primarily emit light of a particular wavelength
(green) while significantly inhibiting light transmission through light pipe (250) of other wavelength
The invention concerns a device comprising a body (1) supplying water under pressure comprising a 1
feeding chamber (2) extending over the whole length of said body, and wherein is fed, through a filter
(4), water under pressure; a distributing zone, distributing water under pressure over the whole
treatment length against a plate (7) provided with micro-perforations, whereof the orifices define water
needles (8) directed against the surface (S) of the material to be treated, the material being supported
by a carriage element subjected to a suction source eliminating the treatment water. The invention is
characterised in that the water transfer from the intake chamber (2) to the perforated plate (7), is done
through a channel (22) with rectangular cross-section extending over the whole length of the injector,
from the periphery of the feeding chamber (2) up to the surface or the perforated plate (7), the
spacing between the side walls (21) of said channel and the height thereof producing a unidirectional
and stable stream of water without turbulenc

Light weight filtration apparatus for removing pathogens from contaminated water and which can be 1
operated by a hand pump (3) comprises large diameter tubular membranes (11) mounted in a
housing (1) so that the contaminated water is pumped down or between the tubular membranes (11)
and the filtered water remove

A method and means for cleaning surface or waste water in which the water is supplied to a sludge 1
separator (14) for the separation of suspendable material. After the sludge separator the water is
supplied to a biostep filter in which pollution is deposited at at least one filter body (42, 48) of
permeable material of a type on which a bioskin may grow to create microprocesses without the
permeability decreases and thereafter further to a sorbent filter (28, 40), whereby the water after this
flows to a recipient. A pump (24, 124) is connected to the plant, preferably between the biostep filter
(18, 42) and the sorbent filter (28, 40

An exchanger (100), and method for manufacturing are disclosed. In one embodiment, the exchanger 1
crimps a hollow fiber bundle (112) along a length of a cylindrical case (108) in at least two radial
positions. At least one crimp is between an inlet port (104), and an outlet port (120) of a blood conduit
(156). The cylindrical case has two portions with different radii so that when the two portions are
mated to enclose the hollow fiber bundle, crimping is achieved. In another embodiment, a method for
making an exchanger includes filling a chamber, integral to the exchanger, with uncured potting
material (124). The exchanger is spun to distribute the uncured potting material about open ends of
an encasement. After curing, a portion of the potting material, and the hollow fiber bundle are
trimmed. Preferably, the cured potting material includes an annular relief (168

The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for washing and sterilizing a potable water 1
container and supplying purified water into the container. This apparatus is designed to continuously
perform a process of washing and sterilizing the interior and exterior of a water container and a
process of supplying purified water into the container within one completely sealed space, thus
providing purified water free from any contamination. This apparatus has a washing water tank unit
(11), a valve unit (12), and an ozonizer (13). A washing chamber (15) is defined at a position above
the valve unit (12). The above washing chamber (15) has a plurality of water ejection nozzles, a
container rotating unit (14), and an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp. In addition, a container feed conveyor
(16), a container arranging unit (17), and a container capping unit (18) are provided within the
apparatu

The invention concerns a method for desalting water by reverse osmosis, in particular for desalting 1
seawater. The method consists in introducing sea water at a first pressure level into a pressure
compensating device, before causing to penetrate at a second pressure level, higher than the first,
into a membrane module, then in evacuating from the latter the desalted water and the concentrated
salt water. The invention aims at increasing the yield and consequently the energy balance of said
method. To achieve this, the concentrated salt water evacuated from the membrane module is
continuously introduced, at the second pressure level, in the pressure compensating device, wherein
it is used to subject the salt water introduced in the pressure compensating device, to the second
pressure level, and to evacuate the salt water and convey it to the membrane module. The invention
also concerns a device for implementing said metho
This invention refers to the use of surface-active agents as a treatment of effluents containing acetic 1
derivatives by tangential filtration characterized from aqueous solutions containing between 20 and 35
% in weight of acetic derivatives having been optionally decanted and filtered in a conventional
manner in order to remove suspended impurities, which undergo the addition of one or more surface-
active agents, while submitted to the tangential filtration process via polymer membranes, the cutting
range of which may vary between 0.001 and 0.005 microns and feed pressure which may vary
between approximately 1 and 50 barg, being that at least one of the surface-active agents present a
component chosen from the lignosulfonates containing a monomeric unit indicated by formula (I

A filter for removing microorganisms from a fluid is provided by the invention. The filter includes a 1
substrate having a reactive surface, and a polymer covalently bonded to the reactive surface of the
substrate. The polymer includes a plurality of cationic groups for attracting microorganims. Faucet
mounted filters and pour through filters containing the polymer coated substrate are provided. Also
disclosed are methods for using and manufacturing filters for removing microorganisms from a flui

A method of chemically cleaning normally immersed suction driven filtering membranes (24) involves 1
backwashing a chemical cleaner through the membranes while the tank is empty in repeated pulses
in which the chemical cleaner is pumped to the membranes (24) separated by waiting periods in
which chemical cleaner is not pumped to the membranes (24). The duration and frequency of the
pulses is preferably chosen to provide an appropriate contact time of the chemical, preferably without
allowing the membranes (24) to dry between pulses and without using excessive amounts of
chemical. In other aspects, such membranes (24) preferably used for filtering water to produce
potable water in a batch process are backwashed with a chemical cleaner substantially at the same
time as the tank is being drained. The chemical cleaner is optionally supplied in pulse

The invention concerns a method whereby the membranes (2) are washed with detergents, or 1
adsorbable chemical or biochemical products on activated carbon. The final rinsing for eliminating the
detergents is carried out by passing water through the membrane (2) until the residual concentration
of detergents is brought below the maximum permissible concentration in water for human
consumption. The improvements are characterised in that the method consists in: drawing, for specific
treatment external to the system, one first part of rinsing water of the order of 10 to 20 % of the total
volume of water required for final rinsing; introducing the powdered activated carbon in the equipment
recycling loop; recycling the volume contained in said recycling loop with added powdered activated
carbon through the membrane (2), while the permeate is returned into the chamber (4) wherein the
washing or rinsing water is stored and from which said recycling is carried out; said recycling being
performed until the powdered activated carbon reaches adsorption equilibriu

The invention relates to a method for plant water treatment for at least one partially closed water 1
purification and acquisition circuit comprising three successive purification steps (I to III), whereby the
plant water treatment facility having plant water intake devices is fed water from at least one,
preferably three, different consumers such as agriculture, horticulture, households, industries or the
like and the wastewater is mechanically prepurified in a first purification step (I), fully purified
biologically and/or biologically sanitized. The quality of the water thus obtained makes it suitable for
utilization at least in agriculture, horticulture and/or as water for fire fighting. The wastewater is then
treated in a second purification step (II) by means of one or more filters, whereby the quality of the
water obtained makes it suitable for utilization at least as toilet flushing water. In a third purification
step (III), the water from purification steps (I) and (II) is finally sanitized, preferably by means of an
ultrafiltration step, ultra-violet radiation, low pressure ultrafiltration and/or addition of chemicals,
whereby the quality of the water obtained makes it suitable for utilization at least as service water
such as bath water, wash water and/or cleaning wate

An osmosis or reverse osmosis process is improved by addition of a clathrate forming guest material 1
in a solution to be purified. Addition of clathrate forming guest material to a solution to be filtered by
reverse osmosis results in higher flow of permeate at lower pressur
An antimicrobial microfiltration filter (10) is made from a bundle of polymeric semipermeable hollow 1
fibers (22) treated with antimicrobial agent and a microporous filter medium (28) which may also be
treated with an antimicrobial agen

A water treatment method uses a removable, disposable cartridge (2) having an internal mesh 1
structure. A disposable heater (6) heats water fed to the cartridge. Precipitated solids collect on the
mesh surface provided temperature and residence time are appropriately maintained. The heat
breaks down the bicarbonate hardness of the water thereby depositing carbonates on the mesh
surface and heavy metals will be codeposited due to the resultant change in pH. The cartridge has a
head-space (11) for collecting entrained gases such as volatile organic compounds, chlorine and air.
Water sterility is achieved by heating the water over an appropriate period of time. Turbidity is
removed within the cartridge due to settling induced by the low fluid velocity controlled by a controller
and by a filter provided at the outlet of the cartridge. The filter will become blocked when bicarbonate
hardness is carried over forcing a user to replace a spent cartridge. Heat economy and a cool treated
water outlet stream are secured by use of a heat exchanger (18). Water is fed from the cartridge,
through an intercooler and the heat exchanger to a storage tank (26). Water in the storage tank is
kept out of contact with air by a movable barrier. Eventually, the water is fed from the storage tank to a
dispenser (50) and can subsequently be used in a post-mix beverage dispenser. A visual display
indicates the status of the water treatment syste

Disclosed is an apparatus for purifying contaminated water using rotating members coated with
photocatalytically active titanium oxide films, which is suitable for use in decomposing sparingly
decomposable materials, contaminants, and pathogenic bacteria. The apparatus comprises
purification means, which is rotatable and coated with photocatalytically active titanium oxide films;
power transmission means for transmitting a rotating power to the purification means; oxygen supply
means for supplying oxygen to contaminants in accordance with the power transmission of the power
transmission means; and light irradiation means for inducing the purification means to be
photochemically activated, wherein the titanium oxide coating film is activated by the light irradiation
means and catalytically decomposes the contaminants when being brought into contact with them, the
purification means is revolved by the operation of the power transmission means, and the oxygen
facilitates the decomposition of the contaminants. The purification means is in a semi-submerged
structure in which one side of the purification is exposed to the air while the other side is positioned
within water. The oxygen supply means utilizes the rotation of the purification means to supply oxygen
from the air into the contaminants by natural conventio

Water-processable positive-tone photoresists comprising a water-soluble polymer, wherein the

polymer contains a heat-labile functional group that renders the polymer insoluble in water or an
aqueous base upon heat treatment, and an acid-labile functional group that restores said water or
aqueous base solubility to the polymer upon irradiation in the presence of a water-processable
photoacid generator, are described. Also described are the methods of making such polymers and
photoresist

The invention pertains to a method for removing metallic ions and/or particulate material from a pH 1
neutral solution using particle-removing membranes (e.g., ultra high molecular weight polyethylene)
having immobilized ligands that possess the capacity and high equilibrium binding constants for ion
removal. The method is particularly useful for simultaneously filtering/purifying deionized wate
The invention is directed to an improved desalination process to produce potable water. The process 1
represents an improvement of hybrid of membrane and desalination technologies. The improvement
of the invention comprises the operation of an ion selective membrane at a variable pressure as a
function of the cost of electricity to form a softened salt water that is blended in variable proportions, to
increase the top operating temperature of the desalination system and increase recovery of potable
water, with untreated salt wate

The invention relates to a cross-flow filtration installation, comprising a filtration module (5), a tank (1) 1
for a medium to be filtered (2) and a delivery pump (4), located between the tank (1) and the filtration
module (5). In said installation, the medium (2) in the tank (1) is subjected to an increased pressure,
using compressed gas or other devices. This allows media (2) of a high density to continue to be fed
to the delivery pump (4), thus preventing operational interruptions in the installatio

Limitation of the number of cassettes in an assembly currently used for the production of permeate is 1
obviated by grouping plural cassettes into racks one or more of which may be isolated while permeate
production from the remaining racks is uninterrupted. Ancillary functions such as back-pulsing,
chemical cleaning and testing for defects in membranes (""integrity testing"") in one or more racks
may proceed while production of permeate continues. The number of racks in a bank is determined by
the period of the overall filtration cycle, typically 15 min, in which filtration period the ancillary period is
a minor portion, typically 30 sec. The racks make it possible to use automatic on/off valves which
open and close quicker than larger ones. The resulting saving in time, energy, and equipment costs,
which when back-pulsing with permeate is surprisingly economical, is even greater when a chemical
cleaning solution is to be used. In addition, the saving in cost of equipment and avoiding the wear and
tear of pumps which are intermittently stopped and started, produces unexpected economic benefits.
For even greater savings in operating costs, a bank of cassettes, or a bank of racks may be operated
with a ""gravity flow"" syste

Systems and methods for treating wastewater or source water are disclosed. Water is directed 1
through a filter assembly having a filter medium and is irradiated by a radiation assembly. In preferred
embodiments, the filter medium may be microporous of finer; the radiation assembly may be arranged
to irradiate water upstream of the filter medium of the filter assembly; and/or the radiation assembly
may be arranged to irradiate water upstream of the filter medium of the filter assembl

The lifetime of a double-cone device (21) for creating a pressure difference in a streaming fluid can be 1
greatly increased by moving the inlet gap (5) into the exit cone (4). This results in a short so-called
diffuser (22) being obtained between the gap (5) and the orifice (19), where entry cone (3) and exit
cone (4) are connected. The increased lifetime permits the double-cone device to cope with much
higher flow rates. Thus higher system pressures are created which enhance the use of the double-
cone for such applications as the desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis. The important
application of the separation of oil from water using a separating device such as a cyclone (57)
working under elevated pressure is now feasible. The increased power of the double-cone permits
one to profit more fully from the new concept of reduction of the concentration of the feed supplied to
the double-cone device (21
The invention relates to a process for the removal of organic substances (TOC), pesticides or other 1
specific compounds from an aqueous salt solution, for example, from a regenerate derived from water
purification. According to the invention, the TOC-comprising aqueous salt solution is treated in a
desalting membrane according to the dead-end principle wherein neither longitudinal flow over the
membrane with air and/or water, nor continuous concentrate discharge takes place, whereafter the
obtained permeate is reused and the concentrate obtained after flushing is discharged. The TOC-
comprising aqueous salt solution is introduced at the feed side of the membrane module at a flux of 5-
75 1/(m/h), a feed pressure of 4-12 bars for 30-40 minutes, while the obtained TOC-depleted
permeate is discharged. Preferably operation takes place at a flux of 15-25 1/(m.h) and a pressure of
approximately 8 bars and the duration of treatment is approximately 30 minutes. The membrane used
is tubular, capillary, hollow fibre or helically wound, and is usually of the nanofiltration or RO typ

The invention provides an improved means of purifying water which comprises a water treatment 1
apparatus comprising a treatment housing (10, 60) having an inlet (18, 65) for the water to be treated,
an outlet (25, 67) for the treated water, a heater (17, 76) within the housing to come into direct contact
with the water and a filter (22, 23, 78, 79) between the heater and the outlet, characterised in that
means (38, 81) are provided to fill the housing with water up to a maximum level which leaves a
headspace (10A, 80A) between the water and the roof (14, 61) of the housing, the entrance to the
outlet being below the operating water level (10B, 80

A water treatment system using a hollow fiber membrane module is disclosed. The system comprises 1
a housing provided with a main inlet port at the upper portion of its sidewall, an air and overflow outlet
port at another upper portion of its sidewall, a main outlet port at the center of its top, a main drain port
at the lower portion of its sidewall and an air inlet port at the center of its bottom; a hollow fiber
membrane module is mounted in the interior of the housing and consists of a hollow fiber membrane
element and an air diffusion tube; and a piping mean

A method and apparatus of purifying feedwater to remove impurities including suspended solids 1
therefrom, the method suitable for using in-line water pressure to permeate water through hollow fiber
membranes and to backflush the membranes to remove solids collected or deposited thereo

A high-voltage electrostatic device (10) is used to improve the performance of a membrane- 1

separation process (90), particularly in a reverse-osmosis unit, wherein species of a given ionic
polarity are separated from water. The device (10) is immersed in the water flowing across the
membranes in the membrane units (72) and is operated continuously at very high voltages, preferably
greater than 30,000 volts DC. The charge on the wetted surface of the suspended particles is altered
by the electrostatic field so generated and is found to reduce biofilm formation, thereby materially
enhancing the performance of the membrane-separation system (90). The application of high-voltage
electrostatic fields is also found to reduce corrosion of metallic surfaces in the syste
A device for purifying water which maintains the integrity of a filtering medium contained therein. The 1
device comprises a filter housing containing a purification medium and having a port positioned below
the purification medium, and a vessel having a port at the base of the vessel, the vessel port being in
communication with the filter housing port. Also disclosed is a water purification apparatus comprising
the device and a method for purifying wate

The present invention relates to a method for the purification of water by means of membrane 1
filtration, in which a suspension of particles of a filtration aid which forms a deposit layer on the
membrane is added to the water, the membrane is periodically cleaned in order to at least partially
remove the deposited layer of filtration aid with pollutants caught therein, in which the filtration aid is
only added during a part of the period between the periods in which the membrane is cleaned and the
filtration aid is added in a relatively high concentration. The method of the invention makes a stable
process operation at high flux possible in the ultra filtration of highly polluted wate

An apparatus and associated methods for purifying water are provided. The apparatus preferably 1
includes a supply of unpurified water, a contained magnetic field positioned downstream from the
unpurified water supply to remove particles containing ferrous metal therefrom when the unpurified
water passes therethrough, an ion exchange media exposer positioned downstream from the
contained magnetic field for exposing the water having the ferrous metal containing particles removed
therefrom to ion exchange media having first and second conductivity types to thereby remove
charged molecules from the water, a carbon filter positioned downstream from the ion exchange
media exposer for filtering the water having the charged molecules removed therefrom, a paper filter
positioned downstream from the carbon filter for filtering precipitates from the water after passing
through the carbon filter, and an ultraviolet light exposer positioned downstream from the paper filter
for exposing the water after passing through the paper filter to ultraviolet light to thereby kill all life
forms therei

Improvements to potable water generating devices that use a condenser and blower to extract water 1
from the air, and sterilize the water after extraction using an ultraviolet lamp (56). The improvements
include sensing the ultraviolet (UV) lamp (56) output wavelength to ensure proper operation, bathing
the inlet water and outlet water points in the UV light to maintain water sterility, sterilizing air entering
the water handling portions of the system, running the condensed water (53) through Teflon tubing
(51) to improve sterilization, and sensing the ambient temperature and humidity, and in response
controlling operation of the system, for example the power to the condenser, or the blower speed or
output volume, to suspend water generation or to maximize efficient water generation, and/or warn
the user of a low water production rat

An improved process for water treatment which comprises subjecting a water to be treated to at least
one treatment selected from a treatment with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and that with
ozone, thereby decomposing by oxidation hazardous substances including endocrine disrupters
(environmental hormones) such as a dioxine and analogues thereto and PCB. The process can be
effectively used for cutting a vicious cycle of such hazardous substances by way of excrements from a
human bod

The invention concerns a method for membrane filtration of liquids and its implementing device. The 1
method for membrane filtration of liquids (1) containing dissolved substances and suspended matters
is characterised in that it comprises the filtering of a mixture, containing the liquid to be treated and at
least an adsorbent (2) in powder form, with a membrane having a geometrical configuration for
inducing a flow with Dean vortice
A water purifier (1) for bottle container, capable of being installed easily on a bottle container such as 1
PET bottle and capable of efficiently purifying water by allowing the flow rate of the purified water to
be stable, comprising a filter case (2) and a filter medium (3) charged therein, wherein a joint (5)
fittable to a filler port (Pm) of the PET bottle (P) is provided at the upstream side end part of the filter
case (2), a vent tube (6) extends from the outside of the PET bottle (P) to the inside of the PET bottle
(P) through the wall surface of the joint (5) and the filler port (Pm), air flows through the vent tube (6)
into the PET bottle when water is passed from the filler port (Pm) through the water purifier (1) at the
time of water purification, air flow control means capable of controlling the flow rate of air flowing into
the bottle container may be provided in the vent tube (6), an air chamber (14) expanding the air
passage of the vent tube (6) may be provided at a midpoint in the vent tube (6), and a funnel part
(28b) collecting the purified water into a water supply hole (M) and allowing the water to flow
downward may be provided on the downstream side of the filter case (2

The invention relates to improvements made to membrane filtration, especially micro-, ultra-, nano- or 1
hyperfiltration of effluents containing suspended matter, especially water. The aim of said
improvements is to reduce the fouling of the membranes and to improve the filtration capacity. The
improvements are characterized in that they consist of adding a dose of a coagulation reagent to the
effluent before it passes over the membrane, this reagent destabilizing the colloidal matters in
suspension. The dose is 30 to 80 times less than that which would cancel out the Zeta potentia

A process and a device for the treatment of water, especially for removing therefrom a large variety of
pollutants, especially organic, inorganic and biological pollutants through in situ generation of ozone.
Ozone is economically produced in situ) at a high concentration through the interaction of
electrolytically produce oxygen and UV light having a wavelength of 189 nm. The device has a set of
anode and cathode for electrolytically producing nascent oxygen which reacts with UV light at a
wavelength of 189 nm to produce ozone ""in situ"" within a vessel where the polluted water is
submitted to the combinative action of ozone and other oxidation reactions. The device also has a
hydrocyclone or retention tank of removing cationic pollutants such as heavy metals, free radicals as
well as undesirable electrolysis by-products such as nascent hydrogen through a secondary outlet.
Oxidation by-products are subsequently removed from the exiting water stream by means of
decantation, flocculation, coagulation or filtratio

A water treatment method uses a removable, disposable cartridge having an internal mesh structure. 1
A disposable heater heats water fed to the cartridge. Precipitated solids collect on the mesh surface
provided temperature and residence times are appropriately maintained. The heat breaks down the
bicarbonate hardness of the water thereby depositing carbonates on the mesh surface and heavy
metals will be codeposited due to the resultant change in pH. The cartridge has a head-space for
collecting entrained gases such as volatile organic compounds, chlorine and air. Water sterility is
achieved by heating the water over an appropriate period of time. Turbidity is removed within the
cartridge due to settling induced by the low fluid velocity controlled by a controller and by a filter
provided at the outlet of the cartridge. The filter will become blocked when bicarbonate hardness is
carried over forcing a user to replace a spent cartridge. Heat economy and a cool treated water outlet
stream are secured by use of a heat exchanger. Water is fed from the cartridge, through an
intercooler and the heat exchanger to a storage tank. Water in the storage tank is kept out of contact
with air by a movable barrier. Eventually, the water is fed from the storage tank to a dispenser and can
subsequently be used in a post-mix beverage dispenser. A visual display indicates the status of the
water treatment system and a water release control system releases treated water from the water
treatment system only after water in the system reaches a selected temperature and steam is
released form the system so that the released water is potabl
A unit (1) for producing pyrogen controlled water on a small to medium factory scale comprises a 1
number of charged ultrafiltration units (10) arranged in parallel. Orifice plates (15) are used to restrict
and control the flow of deionised water to each filter (10). The filter units (10) are mounted on a frame
(2) with a wheeled chassis (3) which may be pushed or moved by a forklift truck to a site where
pyrogen controlled water is required. The unit (1) has an inlet line (4) for connection to a supply of
deionised water and an outlet line (6) for connection to a user of pyrogen controlled water. The unit (1)
may be purged with nitrogen from a supply (18). Sampling ports (17) in a common supply inlet (4) and
a common outlet (6) ensure that the filtration efficiency can be closely monitored. The flow of water is
monitored by a flowmeter (19) and pressure sensors (16) upstream of each filter facilitate a high level
of contro

The invention concerns a sea water desalination system comprising a reverse osmosis cell (12) 1
containing a semi-permeable membrane for performing desalination of the water by passing sea
water under pressure through the membrane, a pump (20) for forcing the pressurised sea water
through said membrane and a mechanism driving the pump shaft comprising a direct current motor
(22) and an alternating current motor (24), the two motors being mounted in position driving the pump
shaft with a belt, and also comprising clutch means for preventing one of the motors from being driven
in rotation while the other motor is activated and drives the pump shaft in rotatio

A water purifier capable of preventing the mixing-in of chlorine-resisting protozoa such as giardia and 1
cryptosporidium, removing harmful components such as trihalomethane, and providing safe purified
water for an extended period and constantly, the purifier comprising a cylindrical tank (1) having a raw
water inlet (2) and a purified water outlet (3), a raw water passage (4) provided on the inner wall side
of the tank and communicating with the raw water inlet, a cylindrical element provided on the inner
side of the raw water passage and consisting of a nonwoven fabric filter (7) and a filter medium, a
water collecting pipe (5) provided at the center of the element and communicating with the purified
water outlet, and a retaining member (14) for enclosing and fixing the filter medium in place, wherein
the nonwoven fabric filter consists of a filter having an average pore diameter of 2-4 mu m, and the
filter medium consists of particulate active carbon containing silver-attached members, the nonwoven
fabric filter and the filter medium being arranged in that order starting at the upstream sid

A method and a device for the restriction of blooms of micro-organisms in an aqueous system are
described. A smaller portion of the body of water in the system is subjected to a radiation treatment,
preferably a UV-treatment, whereupon the treated quantity of water is returned to the aqueous
system. The UV radiation will induce activation of latent viruses, and when these are returned to the
water system, micro-organisms in this system will be killed or inactivated, and new micro-organisms
will not be forme

A pitcher or carafe housing is provided that has a raw water reservoir. A high performance filter 1
receives raw water from a lower portion of the reservoir. The water is preferably received at or travels
through a water entry tube to the back and bottom of the filter. In about 1-3 minutes the water
percolates through the filter element, until it reaches a water exit port. A pouring chamber may be
provided at the side of the pitcher for receiving the water from the water exit port, so that the water will
continue to be treated and flow up into the pouring chamber until the water level equalizes in height in
the reservoir and the pouring chamber. The filter and its housing may be placed into and removed
from the inside of the raw water reservoir, or the filter housing may be side loaded. The filter media
may be a polyester non-woven mat with a weight of 4-7 oz./yd. impregnated with carbon or zeolite
and subject to compression between about 25-75 % (e.g. about 50 %

A system for maintaining a clean water supply includes one or more filters having a sorbent filter mass 1
arranged for flow through filtration of water containing contaminants including bacteria and organic
substances, while substantially preventing passage through the filter mass of the contaminants,
thereby to cause an accumulation of contaminants in association with the filter mass; selectably
operable apparatus for substantially drying the sorbent filter mass; and selectably operable apparatus
for exposing the sorbent filter mass and the accumulated contaminants to a predetermined supply of
ozone for a preselected period of time, thereby to destroy the contaminants and thus clean the filter
mas
Compounds of formula (I), wherein each of R and R' are independently selected from hydrogen, a
hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group or a hydroxy or carboxy substituted
alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group, provided that R and R', together have a total of less than 23 carbon atoms,
R'' may either be hydrogen or a CHR=CR group or be selected from the same categories as R'''; R''' is
a group, or polymeric chain comprising from 1 to 100,000 groups, said group or groups being derived
form at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound wherein the double bond is activated by an
adjacent electron withdrawing group, and n is greater than 1 are novel, are useful corrosion inhibitors
and are valuable intermediates in preparing telomers for use in water treatmen

Method and device for purifying water contaminated with at least one type of organic compound by
irradiating the water with ultraviolet light. The method employs ultraviolet light having a first
wavelength range comprising at least a wavelength of about 185 and 254 nanometer as well as a
second wavelength range of at least 170 - 400 nanomete

A method of producing purified water economically and safely by using a hollow fiber type 1
ultrafiltration membrane formed in a filtration layer by regularly and overlappingly winding, to open
uniformly, hollow yarn bundles around a core disposed at the center part of a vertical cylindrical type
pressure vessel so that the core extends in the axial direction of the pressure vessel, characterized in
that a filtration operation is of a full amount filtration and performed by supplying raw water from an
outer peripheral space formed between the inner peripheral surface of the pressure container and the
outer peripheral surface of the filtration layer to the core and draining filtrated water from the inside
hollow of the hollow yarns, and the cleaning operation of the filtration layer including the membrane
surface of the hollow yarns is performed by a basic cleaning comprising a back pressure cleaning in
which the filtrated water flows from the inner hollow of the hollow yarns to the outside thereof and a
reverse flow cleaning by the raw water (filtrated water may be used; applicable hereafter) supplied
from the core to the outer peripheral spac

It is often desirable to operate ultraviolet (UV) water treatment systems at high fluid velocities; such
as, when low UV doses are required, the UV transmittance of the water being treated is high, or when
a high intensity radiation source is used. The operation of an open channel UV fluid treatment system
at high fluid velocity causes a disproportionate amount of water to pass through the relatively low
intensity region above the top lamp. This results in non-uniform UV dose delivery and poor reactor
performance. In one embodiment of the invention, by elevating the inlet to the irradiation zone of the
fluid treatment system with respect to the outlet, the amount of water that passes above the top lamp
can be minimized, improving overall system performance. The means of elevation can consist of a
step or slope in the channel, or a combination of both. Depending on the magnitude of elevation, an
increase in maximum velocity of approximately two times can be obtained. In practice, a means must
be provided to prevent damage to the radiation sources of the elevated banks that become exposed
during periods of low flow. This can consist of either a mechanism for switching off the affected lamp
when low water level or high temperature is detected, or a means of lamp coolin

A water treatment system having a reverse osmosis unit (14) includes a storage tank (40) having an 1
outer tank housing (42) that encloses an expandable bladder (50). A pressurized region (62) is
defined between the outside of the bladder (50) and inside of the housing (42). A control valve
assembly (44) controls communication of source water under pressure to pressurizing region (62) and
communicates the region (62) with a drain (22). The assembly (44) includes a pilot valve (70) that is
responsive to a state of dispensing and includes a valve element (76) that moves between a first
dispensing position and a second non-dispensing position. A servo valve (72) is responsive to position
of the pilot valve (70) and communicates source water under pressure to the region (62) when the
pilot valve (70) is in the first position thus applying pressure to bladder (50) to expel treated water and
communicates region (62) to the drain (22) when dispensing is not occurring so as to allow bladder
(50) to expand as it receives treated water from the reverse osmosis unit (14
A system and method for removing contaminated sediments during dredging operations. A crane 1
barge (116) operates a pressure controlled enclosure housing an excavator bucket. A self contained
membrane treatment vessel (115) removes fine particulate matter from dredge drainage water, as well
as treating other contaminated water and shipboard wastes. A control zone is formed below a floating
vessel (102) by a continuous wall formed by sheet piles and covered by an impermeable flexible drap

A system and method for the accelerated decontamination of contaminated soil, vadose zone (47) 1
and/or groundwater (49) is described. Contaminates are removed from soil and from the groundwater
(49) via heat injection through trenching or directionally drilled or horizontally drilled and installed
delivery plumbing, pure oxygen injection through separate plumbing installed in the same manner as
the plumbing used to deliver the heat, bioventing, sparging, and bioremediation, all through the
oxygen delivery plumbing, and soil vapor extraction through vertical wells (31, 33), all contained in
one mobile treatment system. Contaminants are separated from the soil gas via filtration or oxidation.
Residual contaminants in the vadose zone and/or in the groundwater are subjected to volatilization by
increased temperature via heat injection and/or oxidation via contaminant degrading microorganism

The invention provides a water processing unit (1) comprising a housing (2) enclosing a primary filter 1
(3), a pair of secondary filters (4a, b) and a disinfection unit (5). Reclaimed water, such as rainwater or
stream water, is fed into the unit (1) and into the primary filter (3). The primary filter (3) comprises a
zero gravity filter having a series of coils (7) through which the input water flows. The water passes
from the primary filter (3) to the secondary filters (4a, b). A non-drinking water outlet (10) is provided
from the primary filter (3). The secondary filters (4a, b) contain granulated carbon (12) and are
arranged in parallel. The water flows out of the secondary filters (4a, b) and into the disinfection unit
(5). The disinfection unit (5) comprises an ionisation purifier having a source of silver and copper ions
(16). The purified and disinfected water is then extracted from the system via an outlet (18) to a tap
(37

A sterilization apparatus has an oxygen concentrator (108) which produces oxygen gas. The oxygen
concentrator is connected to an ozone generator (102) whereby ozone is generated in the oxygen
gas. The resulting gas is humidified to form a humidified ozone/oxygen mixture. The mixture is
irradiated with ultraviolet light (106) to form a sterilant of hydrogen peroxide, ozone, hydroxyls, and
oxygen ions. The sterilant is moved from a creation chamber to a contact chamber (112) whereby the
sterilant is applied to living matter. The living matter is rendered nonviable. In a method of sterilization,
a sterilant gas is formed by concentration oxygen, generating ozone from the oxygen, humidifying the
mixture of ozone and oxygen, irradiating the humidified mixture of ozone and oxygen with ultraviolet
light forming a sterilant that can be remotely delivere

A treatment system for treating water/wastewater includes two continuously operating granular media
filters that are operated together in series. The water/wastewater to be treated is introduced as an
influent into the first of the granular media filters and is treated therein. In order to reduce the
pollutants in first and second rejects from the first and the second filters respectively, the first and
second reject water is separately treated by gravity separation, membrane filtration, two stage or
multistage filtration or filtration or any combination thereof and a sludge is created that can be
disinfected and/or dewatered and processed by suitable hygienic measures. The invention also
concerns a method for treating water/wastewate

An improved filter is provided for lowering levels of contaminants in domestic drinking water. The filter 1
conains an oxidized activated carbon and at least one other type of adsorbent to remove cationic
species and at least one other contaminant. The filter further achieves an efficient use of the
adsorbents by including an envelope containing part or all of the adsorbents, which envelope
minimizes the potential for flow by-pas
A water purifier that assures easier change of a used filter comprises a base, at least one filter 1
replaceably attached to the base and including a first end with a first fluid port and a second end with
a second fluid port, a first connector supporting the first end of the filter in a separable manner and
including a connector port connected to the first fluid port of the filter, a second connector spaced
apart from the first connector to accomodate the filter therebetween and including a bore aligned with
the second fluid port of the filter, a spool fitted into the bore of the second connector for movement
between an extended position allowing fluid flow and a contracted position preventing fluid flow, and a
spool actuator for slidingly moving the spool between the extended position and the contracted positio

An apparatus and system of operation of an electrodialysis membrane and gasket stack for 1
separation of components in liquid mixtures is disclosed. The system of operation for purification and
deionizing liquids (108) includes an operation of pretreatment (112) by filtration for removal of
inorganic contaminants, includes an operation of adsorption (116, 118) for removing organic
contaminants by activated carbon adsorption, and includes an operation of deionizing (122) for
removing ions from the effluent liquids. The deionizing operation includes an apparatus having an
electrodialysis stack (12) of a plurality of ion exchange membranes (42, 50, 58, 66) and separating
gaskets (22, 30, 44, 52, 60, 36, 24) for selectively removing contaminant ions. The electrodialysis
stack of ion exchange membranes and separating gaskets provides continuous operations for
purifying ethylene glycol and glycol/water mixtures, for continuous desalinating of water, and/or for
continuous deionizing of water to generate ultra-pure water or other purified liquid mixtures. The
combination of treatment operations and the deionizing operation provides a continuous operating
system with minimized down-time and improved efficiencies over prior methods for purification of
liquid mixture

A method for the production of enhanced traceable optp-physiological polished liquids, and gases or 1
solids or combination for immunizing living beings, devices using the method, use, and preferred
mode for utilization are disclosed. A multi processing platform is proposed according to the invention
harnessing time domain optronics of light \A sound, wherein the transient sound produced by light is
measured, referenced or calibrated against the light produced by sound for the formation adequate
energy levels or densities or fluence rates for the purpose of dissociation of noxious or innocuous
species or combination constituents components while keeping their geometrical integrity above their
predetermined resonance levels, thus intact for later traceable recognition and triggering of positive
decisive action by immune system

Disclosed is a tankless domestic water purifier of a reverse osmosis type. The tankless domestic 1
water purifier mainly comprises a pretreatment filtration portion, a main filtration portion, and a post-
treatment filtration portion. Purified water resulting from the passage through the filtration portions can
be obtained at a sufficient amount without being stored in a reservoir tank when an intake valve is
opened. The tankless domestic water purifier, from which a sufficient amount of water can be
discharged right after being finally filtered, is free from the installation of a reservoir tank and the
proliferation of bacteri

This invention relates to a method and a device for purifying water by means of inverted osmosis, 1
ultra or nanofiltration or the like. The device comprises a raw water inlet (10) which via a pressurizing
pump (15) is connected to a filter housing (24) in order to achieve an increased pressure of the water
in the filter housing. The filter housing comprises a filter inlet (23), an outlet conduit (27) for purified
water and a reject outlet (29) which is connected to a first branched off conduit (20) connected to the
filter inlet (23) in order to form a circulation circuit (19) for concentrated unpurified water. The
circulation circuit comprises a circulation pump (21) and a second branched off conduit (31)
connected to a sewage drain (32) or the like for tapping off unpurified water. The device also
comprises means for flushing (12, 18, 30), which when the pumps (15, 21) are not activated operates
such that the raw water inlet is connected to the circulation circuit (19) and thereby forces the raw
water in the direction towards and through the filter inlet (23) in order to expel a major part of the
water not purified in the circulation circuit through the sewage (32
The invention relates to a water filtering device (1) suitable for locally, under atmospheric pressure, 1
purifying contaminated water, and which comprises a container (2) that is provided with an inlet
opening (3) and an outlet opening (4), which container (2) is provided with at least: a preliminary
filtration element (5) for the removal of particles, if present, of a particle size > 10 mu m; a filtration
element (6) provided with activated charcoal; and an ultrafiltration element (7

A mobile vending apparatus (11) for potable water is described. A flat bed truck has both one or more
tanks (12, 13) for a large supply of potable water and one or more delivery cabinets (17) for
dispensing such water into bottles or other containers provided by consumer

An optical radiation sensor device for detecting radiation in a radiation field having a thickness. A
preferred embodiment of the device includes a radiation source and a radiation sensor element
positioned to receive radiation from the radiation source. A motor (or other motive means) is provided
to alter the thickness of the radiation field from a first thickness to a second thickness. The sensor
element is capable of detecting and responding to incident radiation from radiation source at the first
thickness and at the second thickness. The optical radiation sensor device allows for determination of
radiation (preferably ultraviolet radiation) transmittance of a fluid of interes

A filtration module has a plurality of hollow fiber nanofiltration or reverse osmosis membranes 1
suspended between a pair of opposed headers. The lumens of the membranes are the retentate or
feed side. The membranes are arranged in groups, such as sectors of a cylinder, and form preceding
or succeeding stages. A permeate collection plenum is in direct fluid communication with each stage.
The stages are connected by caps typically having dividers located at the ends of the module. The
module is used to filter water and, when optionally fitted with hollow fibre membranes adapted to
selectively rehect hardness causing salts, is used to remove hardness. Methods of cleaning using
acidic solutions or gaseous carbon dioxide are discussed. Cleaning methods include adding acid to
the feed water continuously or periodically during permeation, flushing the module with an acidic
solution while not permeating and holding an acidic solution or gaseaous carbon dioxide in the
module for a period of time while not permeating followed by flushing. A filtration system is also
disclose

A hollow thread film cartridge, wherein a cartridge head and a lower ring are fixedly connected to each 1
other through a plurality of bars or pipes, the hollow parts of the hollow thread film end parts on the
cartridge head side are open, the hollow parts of the hollow thread film end parts on the lower ring
side are sealed, a plurality of through-holes are provided in a fixedly connected layer on the lower ring
side, and the through-holes are disposed in a hollow thread film bundl
A system for recovering potable water from the water vapor in ambient air at a wide range of 1
temperature and humidity conditions. The system is especially adapt at operating efficiently at low
temperatures and/or low humidities. The system comprises evaporator coils (12), condenser coils (13)
and a collection container (19). The system is able to operate efficiently at low temperatures and/or
low humidities by employing a mechanism for enhancing the buildup of frozen water on the surface
used to condensate the water vapor from ambient ai

The present invention relates to a magnetic water purifier capable of preventing formation of an 1
impurity such as scale within the pipe and purifying a large amount of water without using a chemical
proces. The magnetic water purifier comprises a plurality of purification filters having an exhaust
portion for purifying and exhausting introduced water, in which an influx portion is connected to a
supply line connected to a supply unit of water; and a hexagonal shape processing unit for generating
a strong magnetic field to the water supplied from the purification filters, wherein the purification filters
connected to one purification filter having a filter therein for filtering specific harmful components, an
influx portion being connected to the exhaust portion of the purification filter, and the purification filters
has theexhaust portion for purifying the introduced water and the other purification filter having a filter
therein,wherein one end of the processing unit is connected to the exhaust portion of the purificati

A pitcher type water purifier (1) capable of providing a highly safe purified water in a short period by 1
adsorbing and removing chemical substances such as chlorine from raw water, removing bacteria,
and preventing the bacteria from breeding even if the purified water is stored for long period, and a
purification cartridge (20) for the water purifier; the pitcher type water purifier (1) comprising a casing
(10) separated vertically into a raw water storage part (1a) and a purified water storage part (1b) and
having a purified water filler port (11b) communicating with the purified water storage part (1b) and the
purification cartridge (20) disposed replaceably between the raw water storage part (1a) and the
purified water storage part (1b) and having a raw water inlet (23) opening to the raw water storage
part (1a) and a purified water outlet (24) opening to the purified water storage part (1b); the
purification cartridge (20), wherein adsorbent (26) is filled into the upper layer inside the cartridge
communicating with the raw water inlet (23), and hollow fiber membranes (27b) are filled into the
lower layer thereof at a bulk density ( alpha ) of 25 to 58

A water treatment system (10) where concentrate water from a reverse osmosis element (15) or other 1
tangential type filter is circulated and mixed with fresh feed water in an amount that permeates a filter
membrane (16). The concentration of contaminants in the circulating stream is continuously monitored
and when a predetermined level is reach, the system (10) is purged of the contaminated water and a
new cycle is started. This results in a water purification system (10) that will self adapt to various water
conditions, at differing sites or at an installed site, to provide the most efficient use of the feed water
and energy for the amount of contaminants present in the feed water at any given tim

A microbial resistant water purification and collection system (10) includes a reverse osmosis filter 1
assembly (19) having a filter inlet in selective fluid communication with a system inlet (11) and a filter
outlet (13) in fluid communication with a water storage container (12) for storing filtrate. At least a
portion of the storage container is located at an elevation above the filter membrane such that filling of
the storage container creates a head pressure in the storage container relative to the filter membrane
to enable a backflow of filtrate therethrough. A mechanical shut-off valve (27) is interposed the system
inlet (11) and the filter inlet to block fluid communication therebetween upon reaching a minimum
head pressure in the storage container relative to the filter membran

A photooxidation water treatment device 10 includes a ultraviolet ray-ozone reaction chamber 40. To
an inlet 44a of the reaction camber 40 is connected a pump 12 for supplying water to be treated via a
T pipe 20 to which an oxidizing agent tank 30 is connected. An outlet 46a is connected to an upper
inlet 44b via a circulating pump 50 and an ejector 52. A protection tube 60 is provided axially in the
central portion of the reaction chamber 40. A mercury lamp 62 is provided in the protection tube 60
which is connected to a filter 72 and the ejector 52. The inlets 44a and 44b and outlets 46a and 46b
are formed horizontally obliquely to a line normal to the circumference of the reaction chamber 40 so
as to cause a spiral flow of water to be treated about the protection tube 6
The end cap or header for a water filter apparatus using replaceable tubular filter elements includes a 1
central sealing sleeve that extends downwardly from the underside of the header within the threaded
boss providing connection to the filter housing, the sealing sleeve adapted to provide sealing
engagement with either of two common types of filter elements, one utilizing an annular end seal and
the other utilizing an O-ring seal on the filter element delivery tub

The invention relates to a wind energy installation comprising a tower (66), a gondola (22) supported 1
by the tower, a rotor (10, 12) mounted in the gondola (22), and at least one pressure pump (20) that is
mechanically driven by said rotor and that feeds a raw water-treating reverse-osmosis plant, the
components of said reverse osmosis plant being arranged in the tower (66

A water treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of composite 1
reverse osmosis membrane modules arranged in multi-stages, each of the modules including a
porous support and a polyamide skin layer formed on the porous support. In this apparatus, the
module at the final stage is supplied with some of permeated water obtained from at least one module
preceding the module at the final-stage, and a rest of the permeated water is discharged from or
recovered in the apparatus along with permeated water obtained from the final-stage module.
$L'invention concerne un dispositif de traitement d'eau qui comprend une pluralité de modules
membrane composite à osmose inverse aménagés en étages multiples, chacun des modules
incluant un support poreux et une couche de peau polyamide formée sur le support poreux. Dans
ce dispositif, le module d'étage final reçoit une certaine quantité de perméat provenant d'au
moins un module précédent, et un reste de perméat est déchargé ou récupéré du
dispositif avec le perméat obtenu au module d'étage fina

The invention relates to a device for desalting water, especially seawater, by reverse osmosis, 1
comprising means for guiding saltwater into a pressure device and a membrane module for
separating saltwater which is conducted from the pressure device into desalted water and saltwater
concentrate. In order to prevent or reduce damage, especially corrosion, caused by high-pressure
saltwater or saltwater concentrate, the surfaces of the device entering into contact with the saltwater
or saltwater concentrate have at least one partial coating, the structure of the surface thereof
consisting of elevations and recesses, the distance between the elevations ranging from 0.5 - 250
&#956;m and the height of the elevations ranging from 0,5 -250 &#956;m. Preferably, the elevations
are composed of hydrophobic polymers or lasting hydrophobic materials which cannot be dissolved
by wate
A method of boron removal from saline water containing boron and magnesium salts including a multi- 1
stage reverse-osmosis (RO) separation process and comprising the steps of a first stage RO
separation at pH < 8.2; a second stage RO separation over at least part of the first-stage permeate; a
third stage RO separation over the second-stage brine. The method is characterized in that the
second stage separation is carried at pH > 9 and the brine concentration is limited to a degree
preventing Mg(OH)2 scaling on RO membrane surfaces, the permeate constitutes product water, and
the brine contains boron and magnesium ions; the third stage separation is carried at weak-acid pH,
whereby the bulk of said magnesium ions are separated with the brine, while the bulk of said boron
ions are retained in the permeate. The method further comprises a fourth stage of separation over the
third-stage permeate, where the bulk of said boron ions is separated from said third-stage permeate,
and the permeate of the fourth stage constitutes product water with low boron content.$La présente
invention concerne un procédé d'élimination du bore à partir d'eau saline contenant des sels de
bore et de magnésium comportant un processus de séparation par osmose inverse multiétagé
et comprenant les étapes d'un premier étage de séparation par osmose inverse à un pH \Alt;
8,2; un deuxième étage de séparation par osmose inverse sur au moins une partie du perméat
du premier étage; un troisième étage de séparation par osmose inverse sur la saumure du
deuxième étage. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce que la séparation de deuxième
étage est effectuée à un pH \Agt; 9 et la concentration en saumure est limitée à une valeur
empêchant l'entartrage de Mg(OH)2 sur les surface des membranes d'osmose inverse, le perméat
constitue l'eau de produit, et la saumure contient du bore et des ions magnésium; la séparation de
troisième étage est effectuée à un pH d'acide faible, grâce à laquelle la majeure partie des
ions magnésium est séparée avec la saumure, tandis que la majeure partie desdits ions de bore
est retenue dans le perméat. Le procédé comporte en outre un quatrième étage de
séparation sur le perméat du troisième étage, dans lequel la masse desdits ions de bore est
séparée du perméat du troisième étage, et le perméat du quatrième étage constitue
l'eau de produit présentant un faible contenu en bore. FIG. 2 : 30 L'EAU DE MER 44, 62 SOUDE
52 ACIDE 68 SAUMURE A USAGE INTERNE 72 EAU DE PRODUIT FINALE 56 RETOUR DE
SAUMURE VERS LA M

A filter manifold is provided in a water purification system (20) and includes at least one filter element 1
(28, 30, 32, 34) for producing relatively purified water, wherein the filter manifold incorporates a shut-
off valve (24) designed to prevent filter element removal unless the shut-off valve (24) is first switched
to a closed position for turning off the incoming water supply. The shut-off valve (24) includes an
elongated actuator lever (68) which in a normal open position engages and retains a manifold latch
plate (54) in a latched position retaining the at least one filter element (28, 30, 32, 34) in connected
relation with flow couplers to produce purified water. Upon movement of the actuator lever (68) to a
closed position shutting off the incoming water supply, the manifold latch plate (54) can be unlatched
from the at least one filter element (28, 30, 32, 34) to permit filter element removal and replacemen

A hollow fiber membrane, wherein an inner diameter (Id) is within the range of 100 to 200 mu m, the 1
ratio (Mt/Id) of a wall thickness (Mt) to the inner diameter (Id) is within the range of 0.9 to 1.1, a
bubbling point (Bp) is at least 0.5 MPa, and the ratio (Di/Do) of the maximum major axis (Di) of the
holes present in the layer of up to 10 mu m thick from an inner surface to the maximum major axis
(Do) of the holes present in the layer of up to 10 mu m thick from an outer surface is within the range
of 10.0 to 15.0; a hollow fiber membrane module formed of the hollow fiber membrane; a water
purifier formed of the hollow fiber membrane modul

A water purification apparatus comprising a plurality of elongated ultraviolet lamp assemblies (18, 20)
adapted to be immersed in water in an open channel (12) having water flowing longitudinally
therethrough. The elongated ultraviolet lamp assemblies are supported by a frame (24). The ballasts
(22) associated with the elongated ultraviolet lamp assemblies (18, 20) may be located above water
level or immersed in water and adjacent to each elongated ultraviolet lamp assembly. At least one
vortex generator (30) is located upstream of and juxtaposed to said elongated ultraviolet lamp
assemblies. The at least one vortex generator (30) causes turbulence in the flow of water through the
channe
A method and system for continuously treating ship ballast water enroute to reduce or eliminate
harmful microorganisms therefrom, before discharge of the ballast water into coastal waters. During
the ships voyage, and before the ballast water is discharged, the ballast water is continually passed
through an interconnected UV sterilization system for treatment by ultraviolet radiation. One or more
dispensing pumps are provided to transport the ballast water through the length of the UV system,
which includes one or more UV units to process and sterilize the ballast water. In cases where large
volumes of water need to be processed or where individual ship design is limiting, secondary piping to
divert the flow of ballast water from the main piping system through placement of diverter valves, may
be added to incorporate additional UV units or pumps. Flow jets secured to the inside of a ballast tank
or hold may also be used to ensure proper circulation and mixing of the ballast water to be treate

Disclosed is a reverse osmosis water purification system including means for compulsory circulation 1
of a concentrate stream. The system includes: a reverse osmosis membrane unit having a feed inlet
for supplying a feed water stream, a circulating inlet for supplying a circulating water stream, a reverse
osmosis membrane for purifying the feed water stream supplied through the feed inlet and the
circulating water stream supplied through the circulating inlet, a product outlet for discharging a
product water stream purified by the reverse osmosis membrane, and a concentrate outlet for
discharging the concentrate stream that has not been purified in the reverse osmosis membrane; and
a circulation pump for pressurizing and circulating the concentrate stream discharged to the
concentrate outlet to the circulating inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane filter. The apparatus of the
present invention is capable of increasing the ratio of product water to feed water, reducing system
size and preventing the propagation of germs and bacteria by eliminating the need of a holding tank,
and decreasing the quantity of water consumption compared to purified product wate

The invention relates to device for providing substantially germ-free, especially Legionella -free 1
water, by removing germs and especially legionallae from the water by filtration. The inventive device
comprises a filter housing through which the water flows, comprising a non-filtrate side on a water
inlet (2, 12) and a filtrate side on a water outlet (3, 13). A plurality of porous hollow fibers (8, 16) is
disposed inside the filter housing. The hollow fibers (8, 16) are preferably adapted to be penetrated
from their outer surface, the water passing across the walls of the hollow fibers that are provided with
corresponding pores to the interior of the hollow fibers. Matter with which the water is contaminated
remains on or in the walls of the hollow fibers. The water so filtrated arrives at the water outlet through
the interior of the hollow fibers. Preferably, the device is embodied as a shower hose or as a cartridg

A filtering system comprising an inlet (11) for liquid to be filtered and an outlet (9) for filtered liquid, as 1
well as filtering means, which system is characterized in that the filtering means, placed in series
comprise: a first filter (2) comprising activated carbon with the capability to also remove particles that
are larger than approximately 0.5 mu m; an ultrafiltration membrane (5) for the removal of particles
that are larger than approximately 0.02 mu m; a post-treatment filter (14) of activated carbon,
optionally provided with a microfiltration membrane (13), wherein the system also comprises a vessel
(6) for filtered water located between the ultrafiltration membrane (5) and the post-treatment filter (14),
with the option of using the filtered water from the vessel for back-flushing the ultrafiltration membrane
(5

A composite semipermeable membrane having a thin membrane and a porous support membrane for 1
the thin membrane, characterized in that the thin membrane comprises a polyamide type resin having
a constituting unit wherein an amide bonding is formed by a diamine residue and a di- or tricarboxylic
acid residue and the nitrogen atom in the amide bonding has an aromatic ring substituent; a method
for a composite semipermeable membrane which comprises a contacting step of contacting the
above composite semipermeable membrane with an aqueous oxidizing agent solution; and a method
for water treatment wherein a raw water is subjected to a membrane separation treatment using a
composite semipermeable membrane to produce a permeated water being freed of a salt and/or an
organic material to a degree sufficient for practical use, characterized in that use is made of the
composite semipermeable membrane according to the present invention and a bactericide is added to
the raw water. The composite semipermeable membrane according to the present invention
combines the water permeability sufficient for practical use, excellent salt stopping ability and
excellent resistance to an oxidizing agen
A water purification apparatus comprising at least one elongated ultraviolet light assembly extending
into a flow of water to be treated. At least one moveable vortex generator is located upstream of the at
least one elongated ultraviolet lamp assembly. The moveable vortex generator is adapted to be
continuously moveable with respect to the direction of flow of water during said treatment of water.
Preferably, there is a housing having a fluid-flow passageway therethrough, with the at least one
elongated ultraviolet lamp assembly extending into the fluid-flow passageway for the treatment of
water passing through said passageway. The moveable vortex generator is preferably at least one
baffle located in said passageway upstream of said elongated ultraviolet lamp assembl

A water treatment apparatus comprising a fluid-flow passageway (17) therein for flow of water to be
treated, with a first (10) and second (18) elongated ultraviolet lamp assembly extending across the
passageway in a spaced-apart location and off-set orientation. The water treatment apparatus has a
lamp assembly cleaning device that simultaneously cleans the off-set first and second elongated
ultraviolet lamp assemblies. In particular, the passageway forms part of a pipe (40) reactor for
treatment of water. In preferred embodiments of said lamp assembly cleaning device, each elongated
ultraviolet lamp assembly (16, 18) has at least two annular cleaning units (78A, 79A, 78B, 79B) in a
spaced-apart relationship. Each annular cleaning unit encloses an elongated ultraviolet lamp
assembly in cleaning contact. Each of the cleaning units has a guide mechanism attached thereto,
with all of the guide mechanisms being attached to a common frame (60). The common frame is
movable from a first position to a second position whereby the guide mechanism moves in said frame
and the cleaning units effect cleaning of the elongated ultraviolet lamp assembl

A bactericide for use in water treatment which comprises an inorganic acid, a corrosion retarding 1
agent, and a carboxylic acid having eight or less carbon atoms or an alkali metal salt thereof; a
method and apparatus for water treatment using the bactericide. The bactericide for use in water
treatment exhibits high bactericidal effect in a membrane separation apparatus for desalination of
seawater and the lik

The invention relates to a dynamic filter system and to a method used for filtration with said filter 1
system. The filter system comprises at least one drive shaft (3) rotationally driven by a drive (4), along
which at least one discharge channel (2) for a filtrate is provided. The drive shaft (3) is rigidly linked
with a rotational solid (5) provided with one or more connections (6) allowing fastening of the one or
more filter elements (1) at at least one defined angle of attack relative to the direction of rotation, and
at least one guide channel (7) for the filtrate discharged from the filter elements (1), said guide
channel establishing a fluidic connection between the connections (6) and the discharge channel (2).
The inventive filter system can be produced at low costs and is especially economic for applications
with high volume flows while reducing the formation of cover layer

An aquaculture system (10) comprising a building structure (11) defining a sealed environment (13)
having an access system (17) incorporating an airlock (18), a culture tank (35) and water treatment
means (41) for treating water in the culture tank for removing contaminants to maintain water quality.
The system also has air supply means (27) and temperature control means (31). A mechanical
filtration system using an endless belt and biological filtration apparatus are also disclose

A method for treating raw contaminated water includes a housing (21) including a separator element. 1
The separator element includes a membrane which prevents flow of contaminants and allows flow of
water such that raw water passing over the membrane passes through the membrane while
contaminants are excluded. Contaminants are extracted in a concentration chamber (31) forming a
return stream (41), at least part of which is returned to the housing to pass over the separator element
again. In one embodiment, gas is injected into the water prior to entering the concentration chambe
Compositions and methods for selectively binding specific metal ions, such as Ca and C, contained in 1
a source solution are disclosed and described. This is accomplished by the use of a composition
comprised of an EGTA ligand covalently bonded to a membrane support. The composition formula of
the present invention is M-B-L where M is a membrane having a hydrophilic, partially hydrophilic or a
composite membrane with a hydrophilic surface, B is a covalent linkage, and L is an EGTA ligand. The
separation is accomplished by passing a source solution containing the ions to be separated through
a device containing the membrane-ligand composition, causing the selected ions to be complexed to
the EGTA ligands and subsequently removing the selected ions from the device by passing an
aqueous receiving solution through the device and quantitatively stripping the selected ions from the
EGTA ligan

Periphyton filtration is a known method for performing bioremediation of polluted water. The present 1
system (10) improves upon this method by adding a strong oxidizer, such as ozone from an ozone
generator (18) to the influent, and in some cases to the effluent to make organically bound nutrients
available to a target culture in a periphyton bed (24) or to aquatic plants to reduce the population of
undesirable microinvertebrates and to make organically bound nutrients available to the periphyton. A
pesticide (P) may be added to control insect population

An ultraviolet radiation water treatment device (10) for a water cooler machine having an ultraviolet
lamp (34) housed inside a transparent inner sleeve (32) which is itself disposed inside an outer
transparent sleeve (26). The upper ends of the two sleeves are housed in a short pipe (22) having a
peripheral flange (16) which abuts the sides of the cooler's water tank. A water inlet tube (36) enters
the top of the tank and passes between the two sleeves to feed water proximate the tank bottom to
circulate the influent water up between the two sleeves and down outside the outer sleeve into the
reservoir water to accomplish three exposure passes to the bactericidal ultraviolet radiatio

An ultraviolet (UV) disinfection system and method for treating fluids including a configuration and
design to function effectively with at least one UV light source or lamp that is not submerged in the
fluid, which provides exposure to at least one UV dose zone. The UV light source may be presented
in a vertical riser configuration, wherein the UV light source is positioned above the fluid to be treated
and projecting a UV dose zone downward toward and into the fluid to be treated, with the fluid moving
upward toward the UV light source. Alternatively, the UV light source may be presented in a non-
vertical riser configuration, wherein the UV light source is positioned above the fluid within a reservoir
and a UV dose zone projected downward into the static flui

An electrodeionization apparatus and method for purifying a fluid. A fluid, such as water, can be 1
purified by removing weakly ionizable species from the fluid. Weakly ionizable species may be
dissociated at different pH levels to facilitate removal from the fluid in an electrodeionization devic

Water- and ion-conducting membranes composed of sulfonated statistical arylvinyl polymers, the 1
arylvinyl polymer comprising at least one arylvinyl monomer and at least one olefin monomer and
wherein aromatic moieties derived from the arylvinyl monomer are at least partially sulfonated, are
used as proton-conducting membranes for production of electricity, as water-conducting membranes
for humidification of fuel gases in fuel cells and heat and moisture exchange in heating/ventilation/air
conditioning systems. Water-conducting membranes composed of sulfonated arylvinyl polymers, the
arylvinyl polymer comprising at least one arylvinyl monomer and wherein aromatic moieties derived
from the arylvinyl monomer are at least partially sulfonated are used for desalination of seawate
A method of separating a mixture into a plurality of more concentrated products utilizing recirculation 1
and concentration of one product so as to extract a substantially large fraction of another product from
the mixture; and the apparatus utilizing the present method in a system, such as a reverse osmosis
system, capable of very high recovery rates, efficient power usage, and long component life.
Substantially 100% of the concentrate product exiting a tangential separation device, such as a
reverse osmosis filtering device, recirculates until the concentration of the concentrate reaches a
predetermined level, at which time the concentrate is purged from the system and a new cycle begins.
This achieves recovery rates in RO-based water purification systems from around 70% for feed water
with 1,000 ppm of total dissolved solids to around 97% for feed water with 100 ppm of total dissolved
solids. The method and apparatus also provide for automated cleaning and maintenance of the
separation and filtration elements, thus optimizing the life of the component

A reverse osmosis water purification system comprises an impulse turbine (103) connected to a 1
source of water and a feed pumpe (101). A first purification membrane chamber (104) is connected to
the feed pump (101) and has an outlet for discharging purified water and a discharge opening for
discharging high pressure unpurified water and a discharge opening for discharging high pressure
unpurified water which is connected to an inlet of pump end P of a hydraulic turbocharger (108). An
outlet of pump end P discharges the high pressure unpurified water and connected to a second
purification the high pressure unpurified water and connected to a second purification membrane
chamber (112) which has an outlet for discharging purified water and a discharge opening for
discharging unpurified water which is connected to a turbine end T of the hydraulic turbocharger (108)
and a turbine end T of the impulse turbine (103) to increase the pressure of the water to be purified
supplied to the first (104) or the second purification membrane cchambers (112

The invention relates to a method for treating an overflow of a phosphatization bath or rinsing water 1
after phosphatization with a phosphatizing solution containing 3 - 50 g/l phosphate ions and 0.2 - 3 g/l
zinc ions. The phosphatization bath overflow or rinsing flow undergoes membrane filtration and the
retentate of the membrane filtration can be circulated in a retentate circuit. The invention is
characterized in that either i) a reagent is added to the phosphatization bath overflow, rinsing water or
retentate circuit prior to membrane filtration in order to delay the blocking up of said membrane, said
reagent being chosen from a) 0.01 - 5 g/l of a complexing agent for heavy metals, b) an acid whereby
the amount thereof is such that the pH value of the rinsing water falls to between 0.5 and 2.5, or ii) the
membrane filtration is interrupted at selected intervals and the membrane is treated with an aqueous
solution of an acid b) which has a pH value of between 0 and 1.

A compact method for the treatment of sewerage as disclosed. The method comprises passing the
sewerage first through an ozone reactor assembly (2) and then through a UV reactor assembly (3).
The ozone reactor assembly (2) comprises a tubular reactor (6) through which sewerage to be treated
is passed counter-current to ozone containing water. The water is then discharged from the tubular
reactor (6) into a tank reactor (5) where it circulates for a residence time of 30 minutes to 1 hour. This
enables ozone in the water to react with and decompose organic compounds in the sewerage. During
this time the water is recirculated through the tubular reactor one or more times. Thereafter the water
is passed into the UV reactor assembly (3) which also comprises a tubular reactor (31) through which
water is passed subjected to UV radiation, and a tank reactor (30). A feature of the method is that the
water is mixed with ozone gas when it is passed through the tubular reactor (31) and subjected to UV
radiation. After passing through the tubular reactor (31) the water is discharged into the tank reactor
(30) where it circulates for a residence time of 30 minutes to 1 hour to further react and degrade of
organic compounds within the water. During this time the water is recirculated through the tubular
reactor one or more time

A unitary multi-function control module for a reverse osmosis water purification system provides all of 1
the necessary flow control functions in a single removable and easily replaceable unit. The module
connects directly with a unitary injection molded manifold, provides all of the interconnections
between the manifold and the supply, permeate, and brine flow paths, and houses the supply flow
shutoff valve, the RO membrane flow control, and the permeate back flow check valv
A thermal treatment system for supplying thermally conditioned or purified water for human or animal 1
consumption, industrial processes, environmental containment, or removal of foreign species. The
water purifier includes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between outgoing thermally conditioned
or purified water and incoming makeup water; a water heater is connected to the heat exchanger so
as to receive pre-heated incoming makeup water, where the water heater subsequently heats the
incoming preheated makeup water to a set-point temperature in the case of thermally conditioned
water and for purified water also holds the water for a period of time sufficient to inactivate selected
organisms to a predetermined level. The heat exchanger has one or more treated water outlets for
supplying thermally conditioned or purified water at slected temperature

A combination tap with external water purifier capable of preventing unwanted bacteria from breeding 1
by washing a system on purified water side including the interior of the water purifier and pipes across
the water purifier when raw water is used and also capable of selecting any delivery mode,
comprising a combination stop valve mixing hot water with water and forming a main valve, the water
purifier disposed on the outside of the combination tap on the downstream side of the combination
stop valve so as to purify raw water and having flow paths for purified water and raw water, and a
water quality switching valve disposed on the downstream side of the water purifier and allowing
either of the purified water and raw water to flow to the delivery sid

A method and a system for treating seawater to facilitate secondary recovery of petroleum from a 1
location below a body of saline water by flooding a permeable stratum with the treated water. The
system utilizes a spirally-wound cross flow semipermeable membrane cartridge incorporating a three
layer membrane arrangement preferably having nanofiltration characteristics which facilitates
treatment of open ocean water by a single pass without any chemical or mechanical pretreatment to
result in a liquid stream of desired character that can have greater ionic strength than the input
seawater, e.g. at least about 18,000 ppm of chloride ion and less than 50 ppm of sulfate ion. This
surprising objective is obtained even at high operating temperatures, e.g. as high as about 70 DEG
C, through the combination of the construction of the feed spacer and the nanofiltration character of
the three layer membrane arrangemen

An immersion type membrane filter (200) used to filter a processing-subject liquid stored in a storage 1
tank (150) to provide a filtrate, comprising a filter membrane module (300) and an air bubble feeder
(500) disposed therebelow. The filter membrane module (300) is formed by filling a cylindrical storage
container (310) having a filtrate discharge port (303) with a number of tubular filter membranes (310)
having a processing-subject liquid filtering function on the inner surface, the tubular filter membranes
(310) being held while retaining their open state at the opposite ends of the storage container (301).
The filter membrane module (300) is immersed in the processing-subject liquid in such a manner that
the tubular filter membranes (310) are vertically opened. When air bubbles are fed from the air bubble
feeder (500) to the filter membrane module (300), the processing-subject liquid flows from below to
above through the tubular filter membranes (310) in natural circulation in a reservoir tank (150) and is
partly filtered from inside to outside through the tubular filter membranes (310). The resulting filtrate
flows out into a filtrate discharge channel (600) through the discharge port (303

An improved apparatus and operating method related thereto for deionizing water to produce 1
substantially pure water using an electric field and ion exchange materials are disclosed, including
embodiments incorporating one or more of the novel features of brine and electrode streams flowing
in a direction counter-current to the stream being deionized, a filling of the brine stream with stratified
ion exchange materials, a stream mixing feature for mixing the stream being deionized, a gas removal
feature for removal of gases, a spiral-wound embodiment of an electrodialysis device according to the
invention, and a method for determining the preferred o perating current for electrodialysis systems
according to this inventio
An under the counter water treatment system. Water from an outside supply source, such as a 1
municipal water line, is provided to user's home. A prefilter (41) to remove sediment, organic
compounds, and certain pollutants is first provided. After the prefilter, the water enters a reverse
osmosis system (42) which includes an osmotic membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane filters
out impurities and very small particles to provide highly purified water. The outflow of the reverse
osmosis filter is stored in a water tank (44). Water is removed from the tank by releasing an
appropriate valve when the user wishes to drink the water. When the water exits the tank, it passes
through an electrolytic cell (36) having a plurality of plates. Current passes between the plates, and
thus through the water flowing between the plates. This has several effects on the water including
creating oxygen in the water, inserting free electrons into the water, as well as improving the taste,
and affinity of the water for accepting other minerals. After passing out of the electrolytic cell, the water
may pass through a final treatment stage (45) after which it is provided at an outlet tap for
consumption by an end user. The flow of electricity to the plates is controlled in three modes of
operation. During the first mode of operation, power is provided to the plates for a selected period of
time after which the switch is first depressed. After the selected period of time has passed, control of
power to the plates is linked to the actuation switch itself during a second mode of operation. If the
switch remains on for an extended period of time, the electronic controls enter a third mode of
operation during which power is automatically terminated to the electrolytic cel

A process and apparatus for membrane treatment includes feeding a liquid to a membrane. The 1
primary membrane separates the feed into a primary membrane retentate and a primary membrane
permeate. The primary membrane retentate is fed supplemental primary membranes or to a
secondary membrane. The primary membrane retentate is separated by the secondary membrane
into a secondary membrane retentate, and a secondary membrane permeate. The secondary
membrane retentate may either be discarded, or may be fed to supplemental secondary membranes.
If the secondary membrane retentate is fed to a supplemental secondary membrane, the secondary
membrane retentate is separated into a supplemental secondary membrane retentate and
supplemental secondary membrane permeate. The product liquid is formed by blending the primary
membrane permeate with the secondary membrane permeate and all supplemental primary
membrane permeates and supplemental secondary membrane permeates.$L'invention concerne un
procédé et un appareil de traitement, lesquels servent à acheminer un liquide vers une
membrane. La première membrane sépare le liquide acheminé, en un rétentat de première
membrane et en un perméat de première membrane. Le rétentat de première membrane est
alors acheminé vers des premières membranes additionnelles, ou vers une seconde membrane.
Le rétentat de première membrane est séparé, au moyen de la seconde membrane, en un
rétentat de seconde membrane et en un perméat de seconde membrane. Le rétentat de
seconde membrane peut être soit évacué, soit être acheminé vers des secondes membranes
additionnelles. Si le rétentat de seconde membrane est acheminé vers une seconde membrane
additionnelle, il est séparé en un rétentat de seconde membrane additionnelle et en un
perméat de seconde membrane additionnelle. Le liquide produit est formé par mélange du
perméat de la première membrane, avec le perméat de la seconde membrane et tous les
perméats des premières membranes additionnelles et ceux des secondes membranes
additionnelle

The present invention provides methods for pretreating water for desalination. According to one
embodiment of the invention, a method for pretreating water is provided comprising simultaneously
emitting acoustic energy to cause cavitation and light at a wavelength of 200 nm or less at the water.
The light causes ozone to be generated. The ozone acts as an oxidizing and anti-foaming agent to
sterilize the water. The ozone also inhibits the amalgamation of soft scales in the water. The inventors
have also discovered that this method is more efficient than separately applying the acoustic energy
and the light to the water. As a result, this method requires on average 25-30 % less energy than
separately applying the acoustic energy and light. The ozone is preferably removed or destroyed in
the water after this method is performed. The ozone may be destroyed by emitting pulsed light at a
wavelength of greater than about 200 nm at the water. Another embodiment of the invention is a
method for pretreating water for desalination comprising emitting pulsed light at a wavelength of
greater than about 200 nm at the water. Typically, the wavelength and intensity of the light is sufficient
to destroy ozone in the wate
The invention relates to a method for desalinating sea water using biogenic substances (1). An 1
advantageous method is proposed therefor, whereby biogenic substances are prepared (3) and
converted into energy (5). Energy produced in such a way is used to desalinate sea water, preferably
in a reverse osmosis device (15

An apparatus for purifying water, that includes a frame (1), in connection with which is arranged a 1
primary space (1a) for water to be filtered, secondary space (1b) for filtered water and filtering means
(2), which filtering means (2) are arranged to filter water, that is driven by gravity from the primary
space (1a) existing in the frame to the secondary space (1b), wherein the filtering influence of the
filtering means is based essentially on a thin filtering film (2a) made of plastic based material.
Essentially underneath the primary space (1a) is arranged an accessory space (1a1) for the filtering
means (2), that is in connection with the primary space and that has an essentially smaller cross-
section than the same, in order to keep the filteirng means (2) surrounded by unclean water in the
auxiliary space (1a1) of the primary space (1a), being limited from the secondary space (1b), totally
separate from the secondary space (1b

The invention relates to a membrane filter used in the treatment of water comprising a head piece (1) 1
consisting of a permeate collecting chamber (2) with a permeate outlet (3) and at least one bundle of
fibres (4) made from capillary membranes which are poured into the head piece (1) with an end which
is open towards the permeate chamber (2) and sealed on the opposite end thereof. The head piece
(1) contains an air duct (16). A mouth piece (10) which protrudes into the bundle of fibres (4) is
provided with at least one air outlet (11) and is connected to said air duct. On the other end, the
bundle of fibres (4) terminate in a freely moveable manner in the untreated water (6

The present invention relates to synthetic methods for grafting hydrophilic chains onto polymers, 1
particularly hydrophobic polymers such as poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(vinylidene fluoride)
(PVDF), and chlorinated polypropylene (cPP). Resulting polymers include comb polymers which can
have a microphase-separated structure of hydrophilic domains provided by the hydrophilic chains.
Articles prepared from these comb polymers, particularly derived form PVDF, include membranes for
water filtration in which the hydrophilic domains provide a pathway for water transport. PVC can be
platicized by grafting the PVC with hydrophilic chains. In addition, such articles, particularly articles
having biomedical applications, can display anti-thrombogenic propertie

Disclosed is an apparatus for generating ultraviolet rays and ozone using microwaves to sterilize
water in a swimming pool or potable liquids such as purified water, milk and juice and to eliminate
impure organic matters contained in the water. The apparatus includes a housing (10) having an
upper liquid inlet (12) and a lower liquid outlet (14), and defining a sterilization chamber (16) therein.
The housing (10) includes therein a transparent partition wall (18), which is spaced from a side
vertical wall of the housing (10) to serve as a side wall of the sterilization chamber (16). The
transparent partition wall (18) is provided with several electrodeless ultraviolet lamps (20). Wave
guides (22) are attached to the back faces of the electrodeless ultraviolet lamps (20), respectively,
which are widened toward the ultraviolet lamps (20). Microwave generator units (24) are attached to
back ends of the wave guides (22), respectively. The sterilization chamber (16) is provided at a
bottom thereof with an air inlet pipe (26) and at a top thereof with an air outlet pipe (28
The invention relates to a membrane filter unit for filtration of a suspension, comprising at least one 1
container (41), for the suspension to be filtered, a device for introducing gas (7) into the suspension, a
membrane filter module (11), passed in the direction of flow, arranged downstream of the gas
introduction device (7), a device for draining the permeate (30), obtained by the filtration and a device,
preferably a circulating pump (42), which pumps the suspension to be filtered through the membrane
filter unit. The gas introduction device (7) is in the form of a throughflow, non-blocking tube gasification
unit. Furthermore, the suspension (40) is gassed in such a way that the pressure difference DELTA p
between the inlet and outlet of the membrane filter module (11), after taking into account the
hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column of the suspension (40) in the membrane filter module (11), is
zero. An optimal filtration capacity and a high efficiency for the filter unit can thus be guarantee

The present invention is for method and means for purification of water using reversed osmosis. 1
Water is forced through a membrane element (10) under pressure, which is obtained by a high
pressure pump (2), where the water which is supplied to the element (10) is both from the outside
supplied, unpurified water and internally circulated water that has passed by the element at its inlet
side. The high pressure pump operates intermittently and the quantity of water that is circulated
internally is at least as large as the quantity of water that is supplied from the outside. After that the
pressure has been reduced there is a time delayed flush cleaning of the element (10) by flushing with
water that is supplied from outsid

An improved portable water purification system with reduced leaks and the capability of automatic 1
draining of its boiling tank, as well as to a method preventing water spillage from a portable water
purification system and a method of draining a boiling tank of a portable water purification system.
The system includes control tank that is connected to a water supply, a boiling tank that is connected
to the control tank for boiling water, a condenser that is connected to the boiling tank for receiving
steam from the boiling tank and for condensing the steam to form distilled water, and a distilled water
tank that is connected to steam to form distilled water, and a distilled water tank that is connected to
the condenser for collecting distilled water from the condenser. An inlet solenoid control valve is
disposed between the water supply and the control tank, with the inlet solenoid control valve
controlling flow of water to the control tank. The system further includes a UV light sanitizer, leak
prevention and leak detection features, and a mechanisms for detecting water qualit

The present invention relates to a method for early detection of the occurrence of scaling in the 1
purification of water by means of a purification plant having one or more membrane elements,
wherein a part of the concentrate of the last membrane element is supplied to a scaling monitor
containing a same type of membrane element as the membrane elements of the membrane plant,
wherein the flux and the conversion in the scaling monitor are set such that the concentration at the
membrane surface at the concentrate side in the membrane element of the scaling monitor for a
certain selected ion is equal to the concentration of said ion at the membrane surface at the
concentrate side in the last membrane element of the membrane plant multiplied by a safety factor,
equal or larger than

An enhanced static filtration media may comprise a mat body comprising a non-woven of fibers that 1
comply with 21 CFR 177.2260, and having a weight of about 4-7 oz./sq. ft.; a coating on the mat
comprising about 100 % - 200 % of the weight of the mat, and including, by weight, about 60-85 %
activated carbon, about 10-20 % binder, and about 0-25 % zeolite; and the media mat having an
RDV/BV ratio of greater than about 0.4, and a porosity of greater than 90 %. Various pitcher
constructions make optimal use of the media. In some pitchers, the level of filtered water is easily
viewed from the outside while the media is not visible from the outsid

A water purification apparatus having a plurality of lamp assemblies and a floating ballast. Each lamp
assembly comprises an elongate ultraviolet lamp having a protective sheath thereon. The lamp
assemblies are in a parallel spaced-apart relationship and adapted to be submerged in the water.
Each of the lamp assemblies is connected to a source of electricity, which includes a ballast. The
ballast is located in water-proof container therefor that is adapted to float on the water. The water
effects cooling of the ballas
A ballast module, for powering UV lamps in a fluid treatment assembly, that has electronic ballast with
a high resonance frequency. The high resonance frequency reduces the size of the components so
that the ballast module can be mounted in proximity with the UV lamps where the ballast module is
also cooled by the fluid being treated by the UV lamp

The invention disclosed relates to a method and apparatus for separating a mixture containing an 1
aqueous liquid and an immiscible organic phase. Such mixtures are separated into a substantially
organic-free aqueous phase and a substantially aqueous-free organic phase. Productivity is
enhanced by separating as a third product stream, a further organic phase containing only small
amounts of an aqueous phase, which for some applications can usefully be combined with the
substantially aqueous-free organic phase. Other means for enhancing productivity are also disclose

The invention relates to a method for producing flexible and porous adsorbents based on oxidic 1
and/or non-oxidic ceramic material containing carbon. The inventive method is characterized by the
following steps: (a) producing a flat base matrix whose constituents are held together essentially by
hydrogen bridge bonds, on a machine suited for producing paper; (b) applying and/or impregnating
the surface of the base matrix, on one or both sides, with polymeric addition agents; (c) treating the
base matrix under pyrolysis conditions at an increased temperature in an atmosphere containing
essentially no oxygen. The invention also relates to membranes that can be produced according to
the aforementioned method, to flexible material that can be produced by using these membranes, and
to their use for separating and purifying fluid

A mobile unit for filtering and sterilizing water comprising a water circuit with at least one inflow of 1
water to be treated and at least one outflow of filtered and sterilized water, the unit being
characterized by the fact of further comprising, housed in a mobile box-like structure (1): filtering
means (4, 5); U.V. irradiation sterilizing means (8), placed downstream the filtering means (4, 5);
water delivery means (9), placed in correspondence to the at least one outflow of filtered and
sterilized water; PLC means for automatically controlling said circuit and the sterilizing means (8); and
electric power supply means (14), for making the operation of the unit autonomou

A porous grog with a body composition of water, clay and combustible material. Further, an 1
earthenware water purification filter (5) utilizing the porous grog in the body composition of the filter. A
water purification system (70) incorporating the filter, the water purification system capable of
removing about 99% of all particles not less than 1.0 micron is siz

A method of reducing solids fouling between porous membranes in a membrane filtration system of 1
the type having a plurality of membranes mounted, at least at one end, to a header and operable to
withdraw permeate from multicomponent liquid substrate in which said porous membranes are
immersed, the method including rendering a portion of one or more of the membranes, adjacent the
header, inoperativ
The invention relates to a filtering device, comprised of a housing (10) with an inlet (1) and an outlet 1
(2) connection, an exchangeable, substantially cylindrical activated carbon first filter (20) connected to
the inlet connection (1), with a hollow core (21) extening along the cylinder axis, accommodating a
membrane filtration module (30) that is connected to the outlet connection (2), the first filter (20) and
the membrane filtration module (30) being connected in series, and the filtration module (30)
comprising a bundle of capillary filtration membranes (32) whose open ends are connected to the
outlet connection (2). The outer cylinder shell of the first filter (20) forms an inlet, and the inner shell of
the first filter (20) surrounding the hollow core (21), forms an outlet for the first filter (20). The first filter
(20) comprises a block of activated carbon. The membrane filtration module (30) comprises a module
housing (31) surrounding the capillary membranes (32), embodied as a perforated tube
accommodated in, and for the most part without contacting the hollow core (21) of the first filter (2).
Around the block of activated carbon (20) a felt-like filter (40) is provided as a first filtering stage. The
perforated shell (31) is provided with a membrane layer (60) comprising a water-insoluble biocidal
polymer. The capillary membranes (32) may also be provided with a water-insoluble polyme

An apparatus and method for the treatment and purification of drinking water combines the use of ion- 1
exchange resin and a membrane filter (12) in a single process tank (14). The ion-exchange resin is
removed from the process tank (14) and regenerated in column (24) for reus

Method and system for disinfection and sterilization through packaging (DTP) are disclosed. The
method and system are usfull for the treatment of solids, liquids, gases or a combination thereof
without damaging said packaging, or their content using high peak power pulsed radiation unit having
a high intensity source of light. Said method and system present invention are especially beneficial for
disinfecting and sterelizing water-based packaged products, and for granting biosecurity to modern
agro-food production lines, biomedical preparation processes such as used for the production of
vaccination, and for the production through packaging of opto-pro-biotic or OPB compounds for the
enhancement of the human immune system (acquired immune system, or MHC type I, II, III). The
methodology of the present invention is especially beneficial for agro-food production, for biomedical
fields, and for bottled water or flavored water and beverages. More specifically, the present invention
facilitate the disinfection or photo-treatment of liquids and gases after they have been filled into the
packaging, and the packaging is closed already, or the packaging will be closed prior or after
treatment. The evolutionary step of the method according to the present invention facilitate final
polishing, or processing (by light) for increasing the safety, bio-security, and chemical purity of bottled
water or packaged liquids or gases or combination. The methodology of the present invention
eliminates the need to transfer the liquid or gas, or solids, or combination through a plurality of stages,
or through cumbersome distribution systems requiring substantial attention to bio-compatbility, and
biological, and chemical cleanliness and purity of origin of components therein (in the packaging).
Furthermore, the methodology of the present invention facilitates the provision of a single step for
purification, disinfection, sterilization, oxygenation, dissociation, or reduction, elimination, or
equalization of unwanted species of biological, or chemical origin without the need to open the
package and treat the content separately. More specifically, the present invention discloses a novel
methodology for photo-treatment through packaging without causing molecular migration or damaging
to said packaging or their content therein. The competitive advantages of the methodology of the
present invention, as well as instruments, or devices using the method, is the capability to ensure
purity, freshness, integrity, and naturally of single and multi-components compounds, liquids, gases or
solids or any combination thereof by transferring light through packaging for photo-treatment through
packaging enhancing the quality levels through out the life of processed products by the method of
the present invention for disinfection and sterilization, oxidation, and reduction, dissociation and
photo-treatment through packaging DTP (disinfection Through Packaging). Especially beneficial for
bottling industries and for the biomedical file
A cartridge which can be mounted on a centrifuge characterized by having a raw water supply port 1
and a filtrate withdrawal port and being provided with a filter within the cartridge and between the raw
water supply port and the filtrate withdrawal port, whereby protozoa such as cryptosporidium can be
conveniently and economically captured and concentrated at a high accuracy without resort to any
skill; and a method of capturing, concentrating and collecting protozo

A kit for purifying water comprises a first container for receiving untreated water, and a second 1
container for receiving purified water and having a dispensing spigot. A water purification composition,
when mixed with water in the first container, produces partially purified water having solid matter. A
first filter held in a filter holder at an upper end of the second container removes the solid matter when
the partially purified water is poured from the first container. A second filter in the second container
comprises carbo

The invention relates to a method and a device for desalting water with reverse osmosis, especially 1
for desalting seawater. According to said method, the saltwater (10) is fed into a pressure
compensation device (2) at a first pressure (p1) and is then led from said pressure compensation
device (2) into a membrane module (3) at a second, higher pressure (p2). Desalted water (12) and
concentrated saltwater (13) are guided out of the membrane module (3) and the concentrated
saltwater (13) from the membrane module (3) is continuously fed into the pressure compensation
device at approximately the second pressure (p2). Here, said concentrated saltwater is used to
subject the saltwater (10) that is fed into the pressure compensation device (2) to approximately the
second pressure (p2) and to feed the saltwater (11) into the membrane module (3). The introduction
of the concentrated saltwater (13) into the pressure compensation device (2) and the guiding of the
concentrated saltwater (14) out of the pressure compensation device (2) takes place by means of
controlled main valves (V1, V3, V4, V6). Said main valves are subjected to a considerable mechanical
load, especially during opening and closing. In order to reduce or avoid this, the invention provides
that secondary valves (V2, V2', V5, V5') that are situated parallel to the main valves (V1, V3, V4, V6)
are controlled in such a way that the load peaks are reduced for opening and/or closing the main
valves (V1, V3, V4, V6

A water treatment apparatus is operated by providing water to be treated in a reactor; passing air 1
through a gas wherein the passage of the air through the ozone generator produces ozone enriched
air, and subsequently introducing the ozone enriched air into the reactor from the gas flow passage;
providing an electric current source for powering the ozone generator; providing a member to emit a
signal (preferably a visible signal) representative of the level of current drawn by the ozone generator;
and, using a sensor to monitor the signal produced by the membe

The present invention relates to a method for purification of water by means of dead-end filtration 1
using a micro or ultra filtration membrane, wherein the filtration is periodically interrupted to cleanse
the membrane, wherein prior to, during the start or during each filtration period a filtration aid is added
to the water to be purified, so that a layer of said filtration aid is deposited on the membrane, wherein
the filtration aid comprises particles of an ion-exchange resin having a particle size of 0.5 to 50 mu m.
The filtration aid preferably is added in a high concentration prior to or during the start of each filtration
period. With the method according to the invention the water is completely freed in a single
purification step from suspended and colloidal matter and specific dissolved elements such as for
instance hardness, manganese, ammonium, assimilable organic carbon and colou
The invention relates to a device (1) for conveying raw water or industrial water, in particular, out of 1
wells, cisterns or surface waters, and for transforming it into potable water. The device comprises at
least one feed pump (2) and a microfilter (3), which is located inside a housing (4) and which has an
inlet (5) for the raw water as well as a tap (6) for the potable water that flows through the filter (3). The
device (1), together with the housing (4) that contains the filter (3), has a second tap (7) which, inside
this housing (4), is connected to the inlet (5) or to the line (9) via a bypass of the filter (3). This bypass
is delimited at least in areas or partially by one side of the filter (3), on which the raw water flows.
When withdrawing industrial water, this flows along the raw water side of the filter (3) and can
automatically clean this raw water side. The device can thus make industrial water and potable water
available, whereby the production of potable water can be ensured over a longer period of time by
withdrawing industrial wate

The present invention relates to a humidifying method and apparatus using silver ionized water. In the
present invention, tap water, distilled water or purified water is produced to a silver solution and a
silver ionized water is atomized by ultraviolet vibrator. Sterilization effects in the air are enhanced and
infections from a harmful virus in the respiratory organs are prevente

Advanced Oxidation Technologies (AOT) using laser triggered and driven AOT platform are disclosed,
including a method for the advanced oxidation of dangerous chemical and biological sources
suspected in particular regions, a variety of uses of said method, and the environments where it can
be implemented. The method has two basic steps that are; (c) spraying the regions to be treated with
a cloud of gas, vapors, microdroplets, droplets, or bubbles formed from at least one liquid solution
containing at least one type of photocatalitic oxidizing substance; (d) directing across said cloud at
least one high intensity beam of light having wavelength of between 220 and 390 nanometer for
triggering said cloud thereby causing a catalyzed activation that releases free radicals of said
oxidizing substance in order to react with said chemical or biological sources. Various types and
embodiments of systems and devices using the method of the present invention are also disclosed,
including a bubble generator adapted for implementation of the method in various sites where
treatment procedures according to the method are require

An air diffuser (2) comprises a diffuser tube (5) immersed sidewardly in a tank (1), a flushing pipe (9) 1
opening at its tip an outlet (11) at an upper position of the diffuser tube, and a flushing valve (12)
disposed in the flushing pipe (9). The diffuser tube (5) is made up of a main pipe (6) communicated at
its basal end to an air supply source (8) and communicated at its tip to the flushing pipe (9), and a
plurality of branch pipes (7) being communicated to the main pipe (6) and opening at their tip as a
blowhole (10) at a lower position of the main pipe (6). During air diffusion, air is supplied from the air
supply source (8) with the flushing valve (12) closed, and the air is diffused from the blowholes (10).
During flushing, air is supplied from the air supply source (8) with the flushing valve (12) opened and
an intra-tank mixed liquor is sucked from the openings of the diffuser tube (5), thereby flushing the
inside of the diffuser tube (5) with the sucked intra-tank mixed liquor. The intra-tank mixed liquor is
then joined with air to come off together from the outlet (11) of the flushing pipe (9). Air diffusion from
the blowholes (10) and the flushing of the diffuser tube (5) are alternately repeated by utilizing
pulsation to be caused by pressure variations in the diffuser tube (5
This invention is directed to systems and methods for removing lipids from a fluid, such as plasma, or 1
from lipid-containing organisms. These systems contact a fluid with an extraction solvent, which
causes the lipids in the fluid to separate from the fluid or causes lipids in the lipid-containing
organisms to separate from the lipid-containingorganism, using at least one hollow fiber contactor.
The separated lipids are removed from the fluid. The extraction solvent is removed from the fluid or at
least reduced to a level below a particular threshold enabling the fluid to be administered to a patient
without the patient experiencing undesirable consequences. Once the fluid hasbeen processed, the
fluid may be administered to a patient who donated the fluid, to a different patient, or be store

This present invention relates to a fluid separation module adapted to separate a given fluid mixture 1
into permeate and retentate portions using bundles of hollow fiber membranes. The membranes may
be composed of different kinds of membranes depending on the application being used to separate
the fluid mixture. The fluid separation module may be used to separate fluid mixtures by a number of
different processes, including but not limited to, pervaporation, vapour permeation, membrane
distillation (both vacuum membrane distillation and direct contact membrane distillation), ultra
filtration, microfiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, membrane stripping and gas separation. The
present invention also provides an internal heat recovery process applied in association with those
fluid separation applications where separation takes place by evaporation through the membrane of a
large portion of the feed into permeate. Desalination and contaminated water purification by means of
vacuum membrane distillation are just two examples where the internal heat recovery process may be
applied. In these two examples, large portions of the feed are separated by membranes into a high
purity water permeate stream by evaporation through the membranes and into a retentate stream
containing a higher concentration of dissolved components than present in the feed. In this process
the permeate vapour that is extracted from the fluid separation module is compressed by an external
compressor to increase the temperature of the vapour higher than the temperature of the feed
entering the separation module. Heat from the permeate vapour at the elevated temperature is
transferred back to the incoming feed fluid mixture entering the fluid separation module in a
condenser/heat exchang

Aluminum hydroxide fibers approximately 2 nanometers in diameter and with surface areas ranging 1
from 200 to 650 m/g have been found to be highly electropositive. When dispersed in water they are
able to attach to and retain electronegative particles. When combined into a composite filter with other
fibers or particles they can filter bacteria and nano size particulates such as viruses and colloidal
particles at high flux through the filter. Such filters can be used for purification and sterilization of
water, biological, medical and pharmaceutical fluids, and as a collector/concentrator for detection and
assay of microbes and viruses. The alumina fibers are also capable of filtering sub- micron inorganic
and metallic particles to produce ultra pure water. The fibers are suitable as a substrate for growth of
cells. Macromolecules such as proteins may be separated from each other based on their
electronegative charge

A disposable cartridge device is provided for use in a heated cartridge water treatment system in 1
which particles, formed by the heat-induced reaction of bicarbonates in the water, can be efficiently
collected in non-turbulent particle setting zones. The cartridge includes multiple containers which are
assembled to fit into each other and which form channels for the flow of water within gaps between
the walls of the containers. When the particle collecting section becomes full, the water flow
automatically is blocked, or cut off, which signals the need to replace the cartridge. The cartridge also
can include a polishing filter and a heater mounted to a surface of the outer containe
The invention relates to a water purifying apparatus which consists of at least one subassembly
comprising of a housing and a light-source producing UVC light. The light-source (5) in the
subassembly (6) is surrounded by a casing (15) which is suitable for transmission of UVC light and is
provided with an aperture-in (13) and an aperture-out (14) for making airflow possible around said
light-source (5). The housing (4) is provided with an air inlet (16) and an air outlet (17). The air inlet
(16) and the aperture-in (13) of the casing (15) as well as the air outlet (17) and the aperture-out (14)
of the casing (15) are at least partially overlapped.The invention also relates to a method for purifying
water, in which the aforementioned apparatus is utilize

The invention relates to an apparatus, for inhibiting the growth of algae in water treatment works,
comprising a housing (2) which houses in the embodiment two UV-lamps which emit radiation at 254
nm and is directed to the surface of water flowing out of a settlement tank to inhibit algae growt

The inventive water-treating device makes it possible to increase a purification rate of aquatic medium
from organic, inorganic and toxic impurities and a disinfection rate of a pathogenic microflora and to
reduce treatment time and energy consumption. Said device comprises a cylindrical body provided
with units for water supply for treatment, a unit for ultraviolet treatment arranged therein, a unit for
ultrasonic treatment and for evacuating treated water. The unit for water ultraviolet treatment
comprises at least two ultraviolet irradiators provided with protective boots which are made of
ultraviolet transparent material and arranged in a parallel position with respect to the generatrix of the
cylindrical body along at least one concentric circle. The unit for ultrasonic treatment comprises at
least two ultrasonic emitters disposed along the axis of the cylindrical body in such a way that they
form two or more equispaced ranges. In each range, one ultrasonic emitter is disposed on the axis of
the body, the other emitters being disposed at least along one concentric circle. The ultrasonic
emitters and the ultraviolet irradiators alternate in a direction away from the body towards the internal
surface thereof. Distances between the ultrasonic emitters and the ultraviolet irradiators are multiple
of an ultrasonic half-wave lengt

By providing a fluid flow chamber which is preferably constructed in an elongated, cylindrical shape 1
and incorporates an elongated cylindrical sleeve in which an ultraviolet radiation producing lamp is
positioned along the central axis thereof, with the outer surface of the sleeve covered with a unique
coating layer, a highly efficient and low cost fluid purification system has been achieved which
employs ultraviolet radiation. The unique coating material of the present invention allows the
ultraviolet radiation to pass therethrough substantially unimpeded, while also virtually eliminating any
buildup of light blocking deposits from the fluid on the surface thereof. As a result, the purification
system of the present invention is capable of providing the desired high radiation level exposures for
substantially extended periods of time without requiring repeated maintenance. Furthermore, an inlet
port is formed at one end of the elongated chamber with an outlet port formed at the opposed end,
whereby the fluid to be purified flows through the elongated chamber, while simultaneously being
exposed to the ultraviolet radiation, while the buildup of radiation blocking impurities is eliminate
The invention relates to an apparatus for purifying water, comprising an ion exchanger (3) with a 1
water inlet (2) and a product outlet (4), is connected to an inlet of a first filtration step (5), which
comprises one or several nano- and/or RO-filtration membranes and is provided with a first permeate
outlet (9) and a first concentrate outlet (8). According to a first embodiment, said apparatus is
characterized in that the same comprises a subsequent filtration step (10) in which an inlet is
connected with the first concentrate outlet (8), which subsequent filtration step (10) comprises one or
several subsequent nano- and/or RO-filtration membranes, and which is provided with a second
permeate outlet (11) and second concentrate outlet (12), which second concentrate outlet (12) is
optionally connected with an inlet of a subsequent filtration step.$Cette invention porte sur un appareil
servant à purifier l'eau et comprenant un échangeur d'ions (3) pourvu d'un orifice d'entrée (2)
d'eau et d'un orifice de sortie (4) de produits, lequel orifice de sortie (4) de produits est relié à un
orifice d'entrée d'un premier appareil de filtration (5) comportant une ou plusieurs membranes de
nanofiltration et/ou de filtration par osmose inverse ainsi qu'un premier orifice de sortie de perméat
(9) et un premier orifice de sortie de concentré (8). Dans un premier mode de réalisation, cet
appareil se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte un deuxième appareil (10) de filtration dans lequel un
orifice d'entrée est relié au premier orifice de sortie de concentré (8), lequel appareil (10) de
filtration comprend une ou plusieurs membranes de nanofiltration et/ou de filtration par osmose
inverse, ainsi qu'un deuxième orifice de sortie de perméat (11) et un deuxième orifice de sortie de
concentré (12), lequel deuxième orifice de sortie de concentré (12) est éventuellement
connecté à un orifice d'entrée d'un appareil de filtration supplémentair

The invention provides asymmetric membranes composed of a microporous substrate whose pores 1
contain a crosslinked gel, the density of the crosslinked gel being greater at or adjacent to one major
surface of the membranethan the density at the other major surface. The membranesare useful for
separating matter from liquids and display good flux and good rejection at low pressur

A method for pretreating waste water for use in reverse osmosis filtration is provided. Small amounts 1
of chemicals are added to the waste water to promote formation of filterable particles from collodial
and dissolved solids. These particles are then removed via a closed-end, low pressure, high flowrate
filtration system prior to reverse osmosis treatmen

An apparatus and methods for softening water is disclosed. In particular, an apparatus and method for 1
softening water without the addition of ions the wastewater stream is disclosed. The apparatus
generally includes at least one nanofiltration filter element configured and arranged to receive an
input flow of hard water, discharge an output flow of permeate water comprising a portion of the input
flow, and discharge an output flow of non-permeate water comprising a portion of the input flow. The
nanofiltration filter element typically has an average pore size that permits the passage of water and
monovalent ions but substantially prevents the passage of divalent ion

Water treatment systems or assemblies are normally tested after construction, at least for leaks, prior 1
to shipping or storage. Pressure testing with a gas is hazardous, so testing with water is a standard
method. After testing, the water is displaced from the system by draining or gas phase flushing. It is
nearly impossible to remove all of the water from the system or assembly. This remaining water
provides an environment for biological growth which contaminates the system or assembly over time.
The purpose of this invention is to eliminate or minimize this biological contamination by adding a
biocidal agent to the system or assembly before sealing it for shipment or storag
The invention relates to a pump comprising two end chambers (2, 3) which house pistons (4, 5) that 1
pump seawater to a reverse osmosis membrane (7) and a central chamber (8) which houses a slide
part that is actuated by the movement of the pistons (4 and 5), thereby controlling a directional valve
(9). Said pump can be used to reverse alternatively the entry of the external pressure toward the rear
zones of the end chambers (2, 3) and the entry of the pressure of the water driven back by the
membrane toward the rear zones of said chambers (2, 3

An external type filtration device having a filtration main body adapted to be externally hung on the 1
wall surface of an aquarium fish breeding water tank, comprising a filtration main body (F) adapted to
be externally hung on the wall surface of a water tank (V), and a water pump (P) for drawing water
into the water tank (V), wherein the filtration main body (F) is designed to divide the drawn&minus;up
water from the water pump (P) into a first flow to be returned in its unfiltered state to the water tank (V)
and a second flow to be filtered through a filtration element and then returned to the water tank (V)
dependently on the action of a siphon. This enhances the filtration function due to the filtration
element of the filtration main body and the organic clarification function due to aerobic
microorganisms and suppresses the clogging of the filtration element, thus reducing the frequency of
maintenanc

A method for sequential closed circuit desalination of a salt water solution by reverse osmosis and an 1
apparatus with at least one circuit that comprises: a container means; one or more desalination
modules; lines for conducting the solution from the container to the desalination modules and for
recycling desalinated solution from the modules to the container; a circulation means for driving the
recycling of the solutions; a pressurizing means for creating sufficient counter pressure to enable
reverse osmosis desalination and replacement of released permeate by fresh salt water feed; means
for effluent discharge and salt water recharge; means for monitoring the progress of desalination and
control means that enable the desalination process to be performed in sequences with either variable
pressure or constant pressure applied such that the ratio of applied pressure to osmotic pressure at
each stage during the process is maintained above a minimum predetermined valu

Systems and methods for controlling the presence and growth of microorganisms and biofilms in 1
water lines is provided. The systems include, for example, a valved, multi-port control manifold for
accepting inlet water to be treated and a filter for (1) reducing particulate physical matter, (2) further
reducing particulate matter while also reducing the content of absorbable organics, and (3) physically
removing microorganism

A water purification apparatus for purifying water from a municipal water supply prior to a point of use 1
has multiple water purification units including a carbon filter (20), a particle removing filter (22), and an
ultraviolet light source (24) connected in series. A bypass conduit (18) connected in parallel with the
water purification units permits system maintenance during which the water from the supply can flow
directly to the point of us

There are disclosed a method for killing of microorganisms in the water by UV-TiO2 photocatalytic
reaction and a reactor for killing of microorganism
A water purification system for swimming pool, pond, aquatic mammal tank, spa or fountain, which is
simple to operate, low in maintenance, and highly reliable is described. The system takes advantage
of synergistic benefits derived from the combination of ozonation and electrolytic chlorination in the
same system. Combining both of the technologies of Ozonation and Electrolysis allow in site
production of at least one of chlorine dioxide, chlorite, and chlorate, that is used as a disinfectant
agent for treating water reservoirs. The system includes an ozone injector (14) for injecting ozone into
a water stream, an ozone contactor chamber (19), and an elctrolytic chlorinator (24) for generating
oxychlorous specie

A filter assembly has a compressible filtering medium (18, 19) disposed in the flow path of water from 1
the upstream region of an inlet chamber (11) to a downstream outlet (17). Said compression of the
filter medium by the water passing through the filter assembly increases the proportion of the overall
flow path of water constituted by a low resistance portion of the flow path. The clogging of the filter
medium thus leads to an increase in water pressure in the upstream region which, in turn, causes
compression of the filter medium, which compression tends to increase the water flow rate through
the outlet so as to counter the reduction in water flow rate causes by the cloggin

A self-contained aquaculture system (10) comprising a modular building (11) defining a first main
chamber (12) for containing fish or marine invertebrates, a second swirl chamber (13) comprising a
primary filter communicating with the main chamber (12) for removing solids from the main chamber
(12), a drum filter (64) for receiving and filtering water from the swirl chamber (13), a third biological
filter chamber (14) beneath the drum filter (64) for receiving water therefrom and a biological filter tank
(15). Water is pumped from the third chamber (14) to the biological filter tank (15) for circulation back
to the main chamber (12). The building (11) defines an enclosed space over the chambers (12, 13,
14), the temperature of which is controlled by an air-conditioning unit (118). A foam fractionator (30),
ultraviolet unit (31) and ozone generator (32) are used for treating the water in the main chamber (12

A semipermeable composite membrane which is obtained by contacting with an aqueous oxidizing 1

agent solution a semipermeable composite membrane comprising: a thin film comprising a polyamide
resin having structural units which each is made up of a diamine residue and a di- or tricarboxylic acid
residue bonded thereto through an amide linkage and in which the diamine residue is a residue of a
secondary diamine formed by replacing an N-position hydrogen atom of an aromatic diamine with an
alkyl group and a porous supporting film which supports the thin film. It combines practical water
permeability with excellent salt-rejecting properties and resistance to oxidizing agent

A water filter (1) is described, comprising a water processor vessel (2) filled with filter constituents, 1
such as for example a zeolite blend (Z), activated carbon (C) and filtration elements (F), whereby said
vessel (2) has a water input (3) near its lower side (4) and a water output (5) near its upper side (6) for
providing an upstream water flow through said vessel (2). The water filter (2) comprises flow rate
control means (7) for controlling the upstream water flow through said vessel (2) at such a rate that a
wanted low degree of full spectrum contamination of processed output water is achieved in order to
fulfil the World Health Organisation standards. If the stand alone water filter (1) is equipped with in
particular several types of micro and ultra filtration membrane fibres contaminant concentration in the
treated water is extremely lo

The invention relates to a method for treating water, especially waste water and drinking water,
containing both pathogenic germs and a substance which is difficult to decompose and is from the
group comprising persistent substances, endocrine substances, odorous substances, and dyestuffs,
by means of ozone supply and UV radiation. The inventive method comprises the following steps: a)
ozone is supplied in a concentration of between 0,1 g/m and 15g/m; and b) UV rays are radiated in a
wavelength range of between 200nm and 300nm and in a dose of between 50 J/m and 2,000 J/m
A water purification cartridge capable of suppressing a running cost for purification of raw water by 1
recovering functionally deteriorated hollow fiber membranes by cleaning, comprising a hollow fiber
membrane element having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes bent in U-shape and potting material
for binding both end parts of the hollow fiber membranes so as to keep the open states of the hollow
fiber membrane end parts and a tubular hollow fiber membrane case surrounding the hollow fiber
membranes, characterized in that the hollow fiber membrane element is detachably installed in the
hollow fiber membrane case so that a fluid-tight state can be assured between the primary side and
the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane

The addition of an enzyme/surfactant compound to the feed stream of a crossflow filtration membrane 1
system (12) decreases fouling of the membrane system (12

Pipe apparatus for the treatment of water with ultraviolet radiation. The apparatus (1) has a radiation
chamber (4) with an inlet (2) and an outlet (5), the inlet (2) being connected to a source of water to be
treated. The radiation chamber (4) has at least one elongated radiation source (14). The inlet to the
radiation chamber (4) has a dome-shaped baffle (12) oriented with the dome being axial with respect
to the inlet and concave with respect to flow of water through the inlet (2) into the radiation chamber
(4). The dome (12) has a plurality of apertures therein. In preferred embodiments, the apertures have
a total cross-sectional area that is at least as great as the inlet cross-sectional area. The outlet may
also have a dome-shaped baffle (13

A filter jug for purifying water for domestic use comprises a container (2) divided at least into a first 1
compartment (8) and a second compartment (9) intercommunicating through a filter cartridge (11),
and a first duct (12) and a second duct (13) for the admission and for the discharge of the water to the
first compartment and from the second compartment (8, 9), respectively. Flow-measuring means (15)
and counting means (14, 14a, 14b), associated therewith, are provided in the jug in at least one of the
ducts (12, 13), for determining the total quantity of water treated by the filter cartridge (11) so as to
identify the reaching of a limit quantity above which the cartridge should be considered exhauste

Many areas in the world already suffer shortages of water, and others will suffer from it in the coming 1
years. Therefore more efficient water sweetening is essential for our survival on this planet. The most
commonly used water sweetening methods are: Reversed osmosis, distillation, electrodyalisis, and
partial freezing. However, these methods suffer from low efficiency and high energy consumption,
thus making them significantly more expensive than naturally obtained water. The present invention
describes a system \A method for efficient and low energy sweetening of water, based on borderline
fast fluctuation between liquid to gaseous state and back, by using centrifugal forces to make water
droplets fly at a high speed, so that they evaporate for a split second, the salt falls down, and they
condense agai

A water treatment system and method including a membrane-based boron removal unit includes a 1
boron analyzer for detecting the concentration of boron in a treatment stream. The boron removal unit
can be a reverse osmosis (RO) or electrodeionization (EDI) treatment unit. A controller responds to
the detected boron concentration to control an operation of the RO or EDI units. In an EDI system, the
controller may adjust current or voltage supplied to match current to changes in ionic load and
maintain a portion of the dilute cell in a substantially regenerated state. In an RO system, the
controller may control the high pressure side flow rate, the brine blowdown rate, the product water
permeation rate, pH, or feed rate of chemicals in response to the detected boron concentration valu
A method for producing a hollow fiber film, characterized in that a polyvinylidene fluoride type resin 1
solution which comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride type resin and a poor solvent for the resin and has
a temperature of the phase separation temperature thereof or higher is delivered into a cooling bath
having a temperature of the phase separation temperature or lower, to thereby coagulate the resin
and a hollow fiber film, characterized in that it comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride type resin and has a
spherical structure having an average diameter ranging 0.3 to 30 mum. The method allows the
production of a hollow fiber film of a polyvinylidene fluoride type resin having high chemical
resistance, which exhibits high strength and high water permeability, at a low load to the environment
and at a low production cos

Apparatus for the treatment of water, for domestic or similar use. In one embodiment, the apparatus
has an elongated housing with inlet and outlet at the same end. An elongated cylindrical tube extends
within the housing, thereby forcing water to pass within the housing but exterior to the tube, then into
the tube and past a radiation source to the outlet. In another embodiment, the inlet and outlet are at
opposed ends, and water must pass around a baffle at the outle

A system for purifying water and dispensing purified water, comprising one or more purification units in 1
which water that is supplied thereto is treated, wherein the system comprises a main unit, in which at
least one purification unit is present, and wherein a dispensing unit is positioned at a location remote
from the main unit. The purification unit comprises a mechanical filter and/or an active carbon filter
and/or an ion exchanger and/or a UV sterilizer and/or a reverse osmosis membran

The invention relates to a sea water desalination installation that employs an evaporation-
condensation system which operates continuously at a low temperature and which enables the
recovery of energy released. The inventive installation comprises a cylindrical evaporator having a
large evaporation surface and a concentric condenser with a large surface area. Sea water is used to
cool the condenser and said water is subsequently sent to the evaporator. A static high-pressure
ventilator is used to: (i) drive the vapour/air in a closed circuit between the evaporator and the
condenser and (ii), using a calibrated nozzle, create a pressure gradient that is equivalent to the
pressure of the saturated vapour at working temperature between said two zones. The
aforementioned evaporator and condenser are thermally insulated in relation to one another and to
the external environmen

Molecularly imprinted polymer membranes for selectively collecting phosphate, nitrate and ferric ions 1
are disclosed, prepared by copolymerizing a matrix monomer, cross-linking agent, ion imprinting
complex, permeability agent and polymerization initiator, after which the ions of the ion imprinting
complex are permeability agent are removed. The permeability agent creates channels in the
membrane permitting the ion binding sites in the membrane to communicate with the exterior surface
of the membra

A process and a means are described for treatment of water that forms a growth environment for
marine organisms, where this water is in a main tank that is placed on land. The invention provides a
sufficient treatment/cleaning of the water so that it can be continuously re-circulated, and thus form a
closed loop where one is not dependent on supply of external wate
The present invention relates to a filtration system for filtration of domestic water, wherein the filtration 1
system comprises at least one capillary membrane module, said capillary membrane module
comprising a number of hydrophilic capillary membranes. According to a preferred embodiment the
capillary membrane module has a feeding side for inlet of untreated domestic water, a permeated side
for outlet of treated water, and a concentrate side for outlet of rinsing water, whereing a rinsing or
flushing valve is arranged on the concentrate side for opening and closing of the rinsing water outlet,
said rinsing or flushing valve having an inlet side and an outlet side. The use of hydrophilic capillary
membranes leads to the result that when the rinsing or flushing valve is opened during operation, then
a backwards flush of the membrane walls from the permeate side to the concentrate side is obtained
with the result that the system can be operated for long periods of time without any renewal of
membranes or without performing a manual rinsing of the syste

Units (10), systems (100), and methods with treated water are provided in which a treated water 1
source (12, 104) is included integrally in a host piece of equipment (10, 102). The host piece of
equipment (10, 102) includes host functions such as ice making (14, 106). Other equipment, such as
dispenser (108) may be coupled to the equipment (102) to share the treated water from treated
source (104

The invention relates to a filtration module for purifying waste water. Said module comprises a plurality 1
of filter membrane pockets having at least one opening (21) for draining the inner region of the same.
Said pockets are vertically arranged in a rigid supporting element (11, 12) in a parallel manner,
preferably at the same distance from each other, in such a way that the gaps between adjacent filter
membrane pockets can be intensively crossed by a liquid. According to the invention, the filtration
module is characterised in that the filter membrane pockets are essentially plane and flexible and are
fixed to the supporting element on opposite sides, said supporting element comprising at least one
evacuation line (20) for evacuating the liquid which is sucked out via the filter membrane pocket
openings. Furthermore, the filter membrane pockets have a flexible, liquid-permeable core (16) and a
plurality of flexible, liquid-permeable core element

A cross flow filtration apparatus for nanofiltration or reverse osmosis has pressure vessels with a 1
pluralaity of filter cartridges in each vessel. A feed port is provided at an intermediate position on the
side of the vessel, and two permeate flows or branches exit opposite ends of the vessel, and the first
branch has a characteristically high ""upstream"" flux and quality, while the second is of lesser flux
and/or quality. The system provides a high degree of modularity, enhancing flux or yield at a reduced
driving pressure or overall pressure drop. Centered or off-center port, and a stop or valve in the
permeate stream may apportion flows between the two outlets. Staged systems may employ a first
stage bypass to achieve a target quality with increased yield. A flow divider or adaptor permits the
cartridges to fit and seal in the vaessel, and an installation tool or sleeve may facilate installation or
replacement of cartridges having a directional perimeter seal. A tool permits modules to be bi-
directional installed in the pressure vessel. Other embodiments involve adapting a conventional
vessel designed for end-to-end feed flow utilizing a restrictor, obstruction or valve inside the filter
cartridge to bifurcate or otherwise split or apportion the permeate. RO elements may be modified to
movably position an obstruction or valve along a string of the elements and vary the take-off to two or
more permeate outlets, or to provide pressure relief valves that present different pressure conditions
for different elements of a string. A pressure vessel may have an intermediate inlet, with symmetric or
asymmetric branching of permeate flow to opposed ends of the vessel, enhancing permeate flux,
permeate quality and/or energy efficienc

A hollow fiber membrane module comprising a module housing, a hollow fiber membrane bundle 1
consisting of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes fixed at at least one of their respective ends to the
housing through a soft potting material, a rib or ring embedded in the potting portion, the rib or ring
being fixed to the inner wall of the housing and embedded in the potting portion without directly
contacting the hollow fiber membrane and a filtering method using the same. It is possible to provide
a hollow fiber membrane module capable of holding practical pressure resistanc
A process is provided to produce water that will meet the specifications of the United States 1
Pharmacopeia Inc. for Purified Water and Water for Injection, and water for dialysis as circumscribed
by the American Association for Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI). The system has no
storage tanks where stagnant water will be fouled by biofilm colonizing the tank surface. Water is
circulated throughout the purification system and drawn as required, on demand. The water is purified
and used immediately or recycled and repurified to ensure quality. Sanitation of the purification
system, maintaining microbiological purity and cleaning is done by controlling the pH so that it is
normally acidic by maintaining a high carbon dioxide concentration in solution, the carbon dioxide
being allowed to pass into the permeate from a reverse osmosis membrane assembly (72,74) used to
purify the wate

A filter module provided with a housing (3) having an inlet (6) for a liquid to be filtered and an outlet 1
(10) for filtered liquid, with a first filter element (7-9, 12) accommodated in the housing (3), in the form
of a porous mass provided with a central through-opening, to which the inlet (6) connects, and with a
second filter element (1) accommodated in the housing (3) in the form of a number of lengths of tube-
shaped filtering membrane (2), which together define a cylinder shape, which cylinder shape, at at
least one extremity, between the open-ended filter membranes (2), is filled up with a sealing material,
to which extremity the outlet (10) connects. The inlet (6) connects to the central through-opening of
the first filter element (7-9, 12), which is surrounded by the second filter element (1), which has the
form of a tubular casing obtained by winding from tube-shaped filtering membrane (2

A water treatment tank for use with water purification apparatus including an ultra-violet lamp (32)
within a bulb (30) onto which incoming water is directed to provide a thin laminar flow about the bulb.
The tank may have two compartments (58, 60), the ultra-violet lamp and bulb extend through both
compartments and a baffle (24) to purify the water. A controller (80) operates a switch (34) to turn the
normally off UV lamp on before opening a fill valve (376) to replenish water in the tank. The lamp is
turned off after a first run time. The water level is sensed by a low and high level limit which allow for a
volume of water in the tank which may be utilized without necessitating operation of the lamp upon
each dispensing of water from the tan

Disclosed are absorbent compositions, useful in an absorbent article, having high liquid intake rates
and a rapid liquid lock-up. Absorbent composites of this invention have an intake rate of at least about
1.9 cc liquid/second at an 80% absorbent composite saturation level and a liquid lock-up fraction of at
least about 0.70 at 50% superabsorbent material saturation. The absorbent composites of one
embodiment of this invention include a superabsorbent material having a stiffness index of greater
than about 0.87 and a vortex time of less than about 40 seconds. The absorbent composites of this
invention can be a freeze-dried composite, an airformed absorbent composite, or other fibrous or non-
fibrous absorbent composite

The invention relates to a membrane filter housing, comprising a housing (1) with a feed inlet (2), a 1
permeate outlet (3) and at least two membrane filters (4,4',4'',4''') in the housing (1), wherein a fluid to
be filtered is fed via the feed inlet (2) to the membrane filters (4,4',4'',4'''), and a permeate stream is
discharged via the permeate outlet (3) and wherein one of the permeate outlet (3) and the feed inlet
(2) is located at least at one end (I) of the membrane filter housing (1) and the other one is located at
a position (II) substantially in the middle of the membrane filter housing (1

Device for conditioning water produced by environmental conditioning or dehumidification 1

apparatuses or plants, comprising a device (2) for measuring the quantity of water produced by a
condenser (1) which transforms atmospheric humidity into water, a feeder (4) of a corrective
composition of salts and mineral substances, preferably in the form of tablets (P), for dispensing at
least one of them in proportion to the quantity of water measured, a mixing vessel (5) receiving the
measured water and at least a tablet (P) provided by the feeder (4), a control and command unit (6)
that activates the feeder (4) in proportion to the quantity of water measured and received, and a tank
(7) for collecting and filtering the water provided with means (70) for filtering micro-organisms and
bacteria and a valve (81) for the exit of potable wate
A water treatment unit is disclosed which can be mounted directly on the faucet or tap of the user's 1
sink and which contains one or more water treatment media (12) and an operating valve which
permits the selection of several operating modes including service, spray and stream modes. In the
service node the water is treated by at least one if not all of the various water treatment media
contained in the unit housing after which the water is discharged from the valve of the unit for service
use, and the service discharge (92) may be adjusted to direct the treated water as desired by the
user. The valve of the treatment unit includes a housing (50), a stationary member (100), a slide
member (118) and a rotatable switch member unit (160) and may also be operated in a backflush
mode in which water may be directed in the reverse direction through at least one of the water
treatment media to regenerate that media. The volume of flow through the unit may also be sensed to
measure the life of the treatment media to signal when they should be replace

This invention presents a method for separating nano-particles/ultra-fine-particles from their 1

sols/dispersions by using conventional filters with conventional industrial filter cloth on the filter board
to filtrate the sols/dispersions and then wash the cake formed by the deposition of nano-
particles/ultra-fine-particles on the filter cloth. During the filtrating process, the filtrate can pass
through the cake and the filter cloth rapidly. Moreover, during the washing process, the water can
pass through the cake and the filter cloth rapidly. Therefore, most of the dissolvable impurities that
may cause agglomerations among nano-particles/ultra-fine-particles can be removed from the nano-
particles/ultra-fine-particles. There are almost no nano-particles leaking through the filter cloth during
both the filtrating and the washing processes. This invention provides a method for fast harvesting
agglomerate-free nano-particles/ultra-fine-particles from their sols/dispersions by ordinary filtratio

A filtration device having a plurality of membrane modules is provided. Each of the plurality of 1
membrane modules has first and second permeable sheets that are separated by a spacer, a first ring
disposed around a perimeter of a first hole in the first permeable sheet, and a second ring disposed
around a perimeter of a second hole in the second permeable sheet, the second hole in alignment
with the first hole. The first ring of each of the plurality of membrane modules is in abutment with the
second ring of a preceding one of each of the plurality of membrane modules so that the plurality of
membrane modules are interconnected for communication therebetween. Some embodiments further
provide a third sheet that disposed between successively adjacent membrane module

A device (1) for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid 1
operating under low pressure. The device (1) includes a conical or cylindrical shape inlet chamber (3)
were liquids enter tangentially creating a circular flow without creating a vortex, the liquids accelerate
into a separation and filter chamber (14) where the liquids spin around a longitudinally disposed filter
element (11) in the center of the chamber (14), with the centrifugal forces separating out larger and
heavier particles towards the perimeter of the separation and filter chamber(14), and where smaller
particles having a specific gravity closer to that of the liquid are filtered when the liquid penetrates
through the filter element wall into the center of the filter element and flows out one of the longitudinal
outlets of the unit. Ultraviolet light irreparably damages bacteria, microorganisms and pathogens
contained in processed ballast water and may be incorporated as part of the syste

The invention relates to a method for the treatment of, in particular, cellulose-containing textile fabrics, 1
comprising the following steps: a) desizing the textile fabric or goods with aqueous treatment liquors,
containing a combination of one or several known dispersants (i) and/or one or several complexing
agents (ii), followed by washing out and rinsing, b) bleaching the fabric or goods, preferably with
peroxide, whereby between steps a) and b) no heating of the textile material with alkali must occur, c)
introduction of the size/water mixture obtained in a) to an ultrafiltration and separation of the same
into a concentrated size solution and process water and d) re-introduction of the size solution
obtained in c) into a sizing process preceding step a), optionally with further purification of the size
and/or addition of fresh siz

The inventive device comprises: means for the filtering and pre-filtering (2), (3) and (4) of water; at 1
least one reverse osmosis module (1) consisting of a membrane with an inlet (1a), connected to a
water supply, and two outlets (1b) and (1c); one of said outlets (1b) corresponds to pure osmosed
water and is connected to a storage means; the other outlet (1c) corresponds to the concentrate
charged with impurities. The outlet (Ic) corresponding to the concentrate, is connected to the water
inlet of a water softener (15) and is combined with the volumetric metering of water at the inlet or
outlet of the water softener (15), such that the production of osmosed water is authorized during a
defined time period after the renewal of the volume of water contained in said water softener, while a
means for controlling regeneration prevents the production of osmosed water during generation of the
water softene
A method of generating fresh water which comprises the steps of separating boron-containing water 1
with a reverse osmosis membrane module to obtain permeated water and subjecting part of the
permeated water to a boron removal treatment with an adsorbent, and in which the water which has
undergone the boron removal treatment is mixed with that part of the permeated water which has not
undergone the boron removal treatment to thereby obtain a water mixture. This method, in which
boron is removed from boron-containing water, is economica

A water purification system 10 comprises: a water source a dispenser 50 for dispensing water to fill a 1
container 100 conduit means 14 connected to the source and the dispenser 50 for the transport of
water from the source to the dispenser50 filter means 40, 44, 46 interposed between the source and
the dispenser 50 for filtering the water that is dispensed to the container 100 and sanitising means 70
for sanitising the container 100. The sanitising means 70 comprises a reservoir of disinfectant and
distributing means 78 for distributing the disinfectant. The distributing means 78 distributes the
disinfectant to the container 100 with the wate

The invention is directed to a microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, preferably having 1
an adsorbent prefilter located upstream from the filter medium. Preferably, the prefilter is adapted to
remove natural organic matter in an influent prior to the influent contacting themicrobiological
interception enhanced filter medium, thereby preventing loss of charge on the filter medium. The
microbiological interception enhanced filter medium is most preferably comprised of fibrillated
cellulose nanofibers, in particular, lyocell nanofibers. At least a portion of the surface of the at least
some of the nanofibers have formed thereon a microbiological interception enhancing agent
comprising a cationic metal complex. A filter medium of the present invention provides greater than
about 4 log viral interception, and greater than about 6 log bacterial interceptio

There is described a method and a kit for the removal of pathogenic materials from water, the method 1
and kit comprising (a) an aminated polysaccharide and (b) a citrate or a polyphosphate, both (a) and
(b) being in water-soluble for
The present invention has an object to provide a filter cartridge for purifying a chemical which can 1
efficiently remove metal ions and impurities in the form of fine particles in a liquid to be filtered. The
present invention provides, as the means to achieve the above described object, a filter cartridge
comprising a fiber membrane material obtained by introducing ion exchange groups and/or chelate
groups into an organic polymer fiber membrane base material having an average fiber diameter of 0.1
mu m to 20 mu m and an average pore size of 1 mu m to 20 mu m or a filter cartridge. And also
present invention provides, as the means to achieve the above described object, comprising a bi-
layered or laminated structure of filter membranes prepared from fiber membrane material obtained
by introducing ion exchange groups and/or chelate groups into an organic polymer fiber membrane
base material and a micro porous membrane materia

The invention relates to membranes and a method for the production thereof. The inventive 1
membranes are characterised in that they comprise a flat flexible substrate provided with a plurality of
openings and a coating arranged on the inside and outside of said substrate. The material of the
substrate is selected from non-woven made of polymer fibres having a porosity of more than 50 %
and the coating is a porous, ceramic coating. Preferably, the substrate has a thickness of between 10
- 200 ñm. Said membranes have a visibly higher flow than traditional membranes. The membranes
can be used as separators for batteries or as microfiltration membrane

A fluid treatment device, preferably for the treatment of water, is described. The device comprises a
closed housing having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet and a fluid treatment zone disposed between the fluid
inlet and the fluid outlet. The fluid treatment zone comprises a first irradiation zone and a second
irradiation zone. At least one fluid mixing element is interposed between the first irradiation zone and
the second irradiation zon

A portable, potable-water generator for producing high-purity liquid water by condensation of water 1
vapor from ambient air. The generator (125) employs an air filter (119) to remove particulates and
aerosols from the incoming air. An enclosed heat absorber cools the filtered air to its dew point and
collects droplets of condensate into a condensate collector (5). Before discharge, the collected dew is
treated in a bacteriostat loop to destroy adventitious living organisms and to filter out undesirable and
dangerous contaminants. A recirculation loop provides the ability to recirculate stored condensate,
including during periods of inactivity. Further, quick disconnect fittings (55b) and variable length
flexible tubing allows use of the invention to serve remote dispensers and/or appliances and allow use
of municipal water treated through the apparatus in low condensate situation

A process for treating water to remove concentrations of nutrients and pollutants using ozone prior or
after the water is exposed to natural filtration by periphyton or other aquatic plants. A system employs
a deep water tank containing water to be treated is injected at the bottom with concentrated ozonated
water to expose the water to be treated to ozone. The treated water exits from the tope of the tank
whereby it is flowed over aquatic plant system to remove the undesired matter, such as pesticides.
The process can be repeated successively to further treat the water if desire

A filter head assembly is configured for connection to a water line (12) and including at least two filter 1
heads (22) connected to each other for treating water supplied through the water supply line and at
least one of the filter heads accommodating a replaceable filter bowl (20). The assembly includes at
least one head housing (22) having an inlet port (24), an outlet port (26), a central chamber (28) in
fluid communication with the ports and a bowl connection opening (30) in fluid communication with the
chamber. Each of the ports (24, 26) is pivotally connected to one of a tubular connector (32) and an
end plug fitting (34) so that the head housing (22) can pivot relative to the respective connector (32)
and/or fitting (34
A filter apparatus is provided which includes a first filter membrane element (40a), and a second 1
bacterial filter membrane element. The first viral filter element (40a) is capable of treating water at a
first second flow rate and is adapted to remove contaminants which are larger than a first size, while
the second bacterial filter element (40b) is capable of treating water at a secon, higher flow rate and is
adapted to remove contaminants which are larger than a second contaminant size. The first and
second filter elements (40a), (40b) may be commonly housed within a sealed housing. An
accumulating vessel (60) is placed in fluid communication with an outlet of the first filter element (40a)
and an outlet of the second filter element (40b). The filter apparatus includes a duck bill type check
valve (75) made of an antimicrobial material intermediate the second filter element (40b) and a
dispensing faucet (70

A water treatment system comprising a separable water treatment component (2) and a host water 1
treatment apparatus (4) is described. The component (2) is useable in the host apparatus, and has an
electronic circuit which is adapted to co-operate with an electronic circuit in the host apparatus. In
typical operation, the electronic circuit of the component includes at least a data tag (6), and the
presence of the data tag is identified by the electronic circuit of the host apparatus upon correct
fitment and/or installation of the component, which creates a two-way communication protocol. The
host apparatus can then upload relevant data from the data tag, etc. and the component's circuit can
download the relevant information from the host apparatus. The present invention provides the
benefits of electrical co-operation and data taggin

The invention relates to a method for treatment of predominantly urban sewage plant sludges, 1
characterised in comprising a step for treatment of the sludges by microfung

An apparatus (100) and method for separating residual water from a solvent. The apparatusses a 1
reservoir (102) containing residual water, the reservoir having an opening to allow the solution to drain
from the reservoir. A membrane layer is provided comprising a layer of fluropolymer material (104,
105), said membrane material having a IPA Bubble Point of .gtoreq.25 psi. The membrane is
positioned in series with the reservoir opening. Vacuum is generated on one side of the membrane
layer wherein the solvent containing water passes through the membrane therein removing water
from the solvent to provide a solvent with a water level of less than or equal to 1.0 pp

The invention relates to a fresh water treatment plant for obtaining drinking water while utilizing 1
occurrences in nature, particularly while utilizing groundwater and solar power for operating the plant
that is essentially comprised of a pump system for providing water, of a solar cell unit, and of a UV
sterilization filter system. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining drinking water while
utilizing occurrences in nature, particularly while utilizing fresh water and solar energ

A portable, atmospheric dehydrator and water condenser (110) for dehydrating fruits and vegetables
while producing pure atmospheric condensation from humidity found in the air and purifying the water
for dispensing and drinking purpose

The invention relates to a cross-flow filtration system comprising at least one filter element (1), to 1
which a mixture of substances from a product tank (2) can be fed via a supply line (3). Wash water
from a wash tank (14) can also be fed to the filter element (1). According to the invention, a supply line
shut-off valve (28) is located in front of the entrance of the supply line (3) into the filter element (1) and
a compressed air line (25), which can be shut off by a compressed air shut-off valve (26), opens into
said filter element (1). Once the filter element has been washed (1), the wash water that remains is
evacuated from the filter element (1) using compressed air. The filter element (1) is thus easier to
manage when carrying out maintenance wor
Methods and systems for monitoring and/or controlling membrane separation systems or processes 1
are provided. The present invention utilizes measurable amounts of inert fluorescent tracers and
tagged fluorescent agents added to a feed stream to evaluate and/or control one or more parameters
specific to membrane separation such that performance thereof can be optimized. The methods and
systems of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of different industrial applications
including raw water processing and waste water processin

The invention relates to a cross-flow filtration installation comprising at least one filter element (1) to 1
which a substance mixture from a product tank (2) can be supplied via a supply line (3). Rinsing water
can also be supplied to the filter element (1) from a rinsing water tank (14). According to the invention,
a supply line shut-off valve (28) is arranged in front of the entrance of the supply line (3) in the filter
element (1), and a compressed air line (25) ends on the input side of the filter element (1) and can be
blocked by means of a compressed air shut-off valve (26). The supply line shut-off valve (28) is
embodied in such a way that it closes automatically in the event of a disturbance, while the
compressed air shut-off valve (26) and other valves (9, 11; 12) are embodied in such a way that they
automatically open. In the event of disturbances, for example as a result of a power failure, the
residue in the filter element (1) is displaced by means of compressed air such that blockages are not
created when the installation is not in operation. Operating disturbances caused by blockages of the
filter element (1) are thus avoide

The invention relates to a cross flow filtration system comprising at least one filtering element (1) to 1
which a substance mixture from a product tank (2) is supplied via a supply line (3). Rinsing water from
a rinsing water tank (14) can also be supplied to the filtering element (1). According to the invention, a
supply line check valve (28) is mounted before the entry of the supply line (3) into the filtering element
(1), and a compressed-air line (25) leads into the filtering element (1) on the entry side while being
able to be blocked by a compressed-air check valve (26). The retentate or rinsing water can be forced
out of the filtering element (1) by compressed air by closing the supply line check valve (28) and
opening the compressed-air check valve (26). Air enters the secondary circuit of the filtering element
(1) when the filtering element (1) has a leak. It is then easy to notice the location on the filtering
element (1) air from which air exits whereby enabling the defect to be localized. The invention renders
the maintenance and repair of a defective filtering element (1) very simpl

The present invention improves the flow dynamics about the leading edges of the sealed apertures 1
within a filtration cassette by flowing a sealing resin so that it protrudes into the main passageway
defined by the porous screens thereof. The sealing resin defines at least an end portion of a fluid
channel in each passageway. Desirably, the sealing resin extends into the passageways so as to
significantly reduce or eliminate the formation of non-uniformities in fluid flow therethrough. The
porous mesh may define apertures shaped so as to direct the resin during vacuum drawing to a
desired location in the flow channels. The porous mesh may further include a shaped perimetrical
edge which also assists in the drawing of a flowable resin into the porous mesh to further define the
flow channels so as to significantly reduce or eliminate the formation of non-uniformities in the fluid flo

An encapsulated filter cartridge is disclosed, which includes a filter assembly including a carbon block 1
filter element and a microporous filter element. The filter cartridge has a permanently sealed sump
defining an interior chamber configured to accommodate the filter assembly, the sump having an inlet
for permitting unfiltered fluid to enter the interior chamber for communicating with the radially outer
surface of the filter assembly and an outlet for permitting filtered fluid to exit the interior chamber from
the axial portion of the filter assembly. The microporous filter element of the filter assembly may
include a hollow fiber subassembly housed within the axial cavity of the carbon block element, said
fiber subassembly including a plurality of hollow microporous fibers, or a pleated filter element
surrounding the radially outer surface of the carbon block elemen

A filter cartridge configured to provide two or more levels of fluid filtration or conditioning from within a 1
single filter cartridge is disclosed, the filter cartridge including a housing (110) that defines an interior
cavity (114) and has an inlet portion (222) for receiving fluid into the cavity, a first outlet portion (118)
for discharging fluid from the housing, and a second outlet portion (119) for discharging fluid from the
housing. The filter cartridge also includes a first stage filter (120) disposed within the interior cavity for
conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the first stage filter (120) in fluid communication with the inlet
portion and the first outlet portion by way of a first flow path, and a second stage filter (130) disposed
within the interior cavity of the housing for conditioning fluid passing therethrough, the second stage
filter (130) in fluid communication with the inlet portion and the second outlet portion by way of a
second flow pat
The invention relates to a method for producing a sterilisation system, especially for sterilising 1
drinking water and water for industrial use. The precious metal surface of a base material containing
precious metal is initially oxidised in an acidic solution and subsequently treated in an aqueous saline
solution. The invention also relates to a sterilisation system and the use thereo

A filter cartridge comprising a filter main body (103) so constructed as to take out a purified liquid 1
(102) from the other end side and from the outer peripheral wall side, a filter case (106) that is formed
with a flow channel (108) between itself and the outer peripheral wall of the filter main body (103) for
leading the purified liquid (102) to a purified liquid take-out port (105) and is divided into a case cover
(106b) having the purified liquid take-out port (105) and a case main body (106a) having a raw liquid
intake port (104), the inner peripheral wall of the case cover (106b) and the outer peripheral wall of
the case main body (106a) being removably fixed together, and a first seal member (107a) made of
annular elastic body and having a communicating groove (109) leading the purified liquid (102) from
the outer peripheral wall of the filter main body (103) via the flow channel (108) to the purified liquid
take-out port (105

The invention relates to a method, in addition to a corresponding device for purifying drinking water. 1
According to said method, the drinking water (A) to be treated is subjected to a nanofiltration (6) by
means of a chlorine-resistant nanofiltration membrane (19) and the method is characterised in that
the drinking water (18) that has been purified by the nanofiltration membrane (19) is used to flush
conduits for the concentrate (17). The invention thus provides a method and a device using
nanofiltration that are suitable, without the prior elimination of chlorine, for the additional purification of
drinking water that has already been chlorinated. The device can be housed in a container measuring
approximately 1 m, thus saving space and allowing the production of self-sufficient, decentralised
filters, for instance for supplying individual house

A process and apparatus for treating produced water from oil and gas installations. The process is an
advanced oxidation process using a combination of ozone injection and ultraviolet (UV) treatment.
The process is used to remove residue dissolved and free oil within produced water prior to disposal
by converting the hydrocarbon to carbon dioxide and water. Various embodiments of apparatus (10)
are described including a cooled ozone generator (22) for use in hazardous areas, ozone injectors
(18) and parallel reaction vessels (46) to provide treatment in a continuous process on a single pas

A method and apparatus are described for killing o r inhibiting growth of undesired microorganisms
using ultraviolet radiation. A vortex turbulated flow of water is established within a vertical tube through
which is transmitted ultraviolet radiation. In a preferred embodiment the dwell time of water within the
tube may be varied to acheive optimum exposure. The method can be used to treat water alone or to
treat objects suspended in water. In a particularly preferred embodiment freshly cut pieces of fruit may
be treate

The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus (Fig. 1) for desalinating seawater 1
utilizing a two stage seawater desalination system, a first stage including at least one high
performance nanofiltration membrane (135) to receive seawater feed pressurized by a first stage
pump (125) sufficiently and to produce a first permeate, and a second stage including at least one
high performance nanofiltration membrane (160) to receive the first permeate pressurized by a
second stage pump (150) to between about 200 psi and about 300 psi to produce potable wate
Blended polymer membranes for treating aqueous fluids comprising a first hydrophobic and a second 1
hydrophilic component, filters including the membranes, and methods of treating aqueous fluids such
as source water to remove contaminants to a desired level of purification by directing the water
through the membranes, are disclose

A system for monitoring fluid treatment and fluid quality comprising a fluid treatment apparatus (9), at
least one treatment-effectiveness sensor (4) adapted, and positioned relative to said treatment
apparatus (3), so as to sense the effectiveness of treatment performed by the treatment apparatus,
and so as to emit an alarm signal when the effectiveness of treatment falls outside a predetermined
range, and a monitoring system (7) positioned remotely from the treatment apparatus and the
treatment effectiveness sensor (4), the monitoring system (7) being operatively connected to the
treatment-effectiveness sensor (4), the monitoring (7) system being adapted to receive said alarm
signal and to indicate an alarm condition in response to said alarm signa

A filter assembly designed for use in a water treatment system is provided. The assembly includes an 1
inner carbon-based filter (100) and an outer replaceable pleated filter (400). Untreated water flows
first through the outer filter (400), which traps particulates, and then through the inner carbon-based
filter (100), which traps particulates and adsorbs contaminants from the water. The outer filter (400) is
intended to be easily removed from the inner filter (100), so that the outer filter (400) can be removed
and cleaned or replaced when plugged with particulate

A process for treatment of water via membrane separation equipment (Fig.2). A feedwater (10) is 1
maintained or adjusted to a pH of 4.3 or lower, and fed to a membrane separation system. In this
manner, species such as TOC become more ionized, and (a) their rejection by the membrane
separation process is significantly increased, and (b) their solubility in the reject stream from the
membrane process is significantly increased. Passage of TOC through the membrane is significantly
reduced. A recovery ratio of eighty percent (80%) or higher is achievable with most feedwaters, while
simultaneously achieving a substantial reductio in cleaning frequency of the membrane separation
equipment. The method is particularly useful for the preparation of high purity water (54

The invention relates to a filtration device for separating particles from a liquid using hollow-fibre 1
membranes, which are combined to form a fibre bundle. The hollow-fibre membranes are traversed
by the liquid from the exterior to the interior and the liquid that has been cleaned of the particles is
withdrawn at at least one of the ends of the hollow-fibre membrane. The hollow-fibre membrane
bundle is wound onto a support, whose external peripheral surface can be traversed by a gas at least
partially from the interior to the exterior. The winding of the hollow-fibre bundle onto the support
permits a space-saving arrangement and allows deposited materials to be reliably cleaned from the
hollow-fibre membranes. The filtration device can be used on its own or in the form of a module
containing several devices for purifying waste water. The invention also relates to a method for
purifying waste water using the filtration module and a membrane bioreacto

The invention relates to a method and system (10) for the treatment of water by flocculation carried 1
out in one or several flocculation steps (12, 14, 16, 18) and by separating the flocculi in a downstream
sedimentation stage and by reducing the floccular slurry. The water flows in the sedimentation stage
along membrane filter plates (40) which are oriented towards each other and in relation to the inflow
of the water to be treated in such a way that cross-flow filtration, dead-end filtration and sedimentation
occurs to a desired exten

The present invention relates to a transportable apparatus for water treatment. More particularly, the
apparatus is destined to be fully automated and provide drinkable water quality to small-size
municipalities. The apparatus is connected to a raw water source and comprises, within its own
transportable housing, all the necessary components to treat water. The water treatment process
requires the use of various water treatment stages to gradually purify the water source, involving a
series of filters and in a preferred embodiment, uses ozone as a disinfectan
A membrane separation device and a membrane separation method, where membrane clogging is 1
less probable to occur, membrane separation can be conducted even when water to be processed
has a relatively slower flow speed, membrane filling efficiency is excellent, and foreign objects are
less likely to accumulate in the device. The device has vessel-like inner casings in series in a
pressure container having an inlet for water to be treated at one end and a concentration water outlet
at the other end. Flow straightening plates are placed on the side of the inlet for water to be
processed of the pressure container, a large number of membrane separation elements are stacked
in each inner casing, and spacers that serve also as seal members are placed between adjacent
membrane separation elements. A through hole is so formed as to penetrate through the membrane
separation elements including the spacers from one side to the other side of the stacked membrane
separation elements. Permeated-water discharge passages are formed in a length direction in each
inner casing. The through hole is in communication with the permeated water discharge passages,
and water to be processed that is introduced into the pressure container through the flow
straightening plate permeates through the membrane separation elements and is discharged to the
outside through the through hole and the permeated-water discharge passages.$L'invention concerne
un dispositif de séparation par membrane dans lesquels le colmatage de la membrane est moins
susceptible de survenir, la séparation par membrane peut s'effectuer même lorsque le débit de
l'eau à traiter est relativement plus faible, l'efficacité de remplissage de la membrane est excellente
et les corps étrangers sont moins susceptibles de s'accumuler dans le dispositif. Le dispositif de
l'invention comprend des compartiments intérieurs du type récipient, disposés en série dans
un contenant sous pression possédant une admission pour l'eau à traiter à une extrémité et
une sortie d'eau de concentration à l'autre extrémité. Des plaques de redressement de flux sont
placées sur le côté de l'admission pour l'eau à traiter du contenant sous pression, un grand
nombre d'éléments de séparation par membrane sont empilés dans chaque compartiment
interne et des éléments d'espacement qui servent également de joints sont placés entre les
éléments de séparation par membrane adjacents. Un orifice traversant est formé, de sorte
qu'il pénètre dans les éléments de séparation par membrane y compris les éléments
d'espacement, d'un côté à l'autre des éléments de séparation par membrane empilés. Des
passages de décharge d'eau de perméation sont formés dans le sens de la longueur de chaque
compartiment interne. L'orifice traversant est en communication avec les passages de décharge
d'eau de perméation et l'eau à traiter introduite dans le contenant sous pression traverse les
éléments de séparation par membrane et est déchargée vers l'extérieur par l'orifice
traversant et lesdits passages de décharge d'eau de perméatio

A membrane device including a first membrane sheet and a second membrane sheet comprised of 1
either two separate sheets or one sheet folded upon itself separated by a permeate carrier. The
membrane device utilizes permeate carrier materials that have a lower resistance to flow and
therefore provide improved flux and reduced salt passag

A drinking water filter inhibits retrograde bacteria growth at the user outlet with the combination of a 1
non-carbonaceous submicron filter element (26) immediately upstream of the system outlet (17) and a
copper orifice element (17) in the outlet downstream of the filter element. The copper orifice element
preferably comprises a thin copper disc (31) having a single orifice (29). The submicron filter element
(26) preferably comprises a hollow fiber bundle filter elemen

A method and well is disclosed for desalinating saline aquifer water, wherein saline aquifer water 1
flows from a subsurface aquifer layer directly into a downhole aquifer inflow region of a desalinated
water production well in which a downhole assembly of one or more desalination and/or purification
membranes is arranged, which separate the saline aquifer water into a primary desalinated water
stream which is produced through the well to surface and a secondary concentrated brine reject
stream, which can be disposed into a subsurface brine disposal zon
A water treatment device comprises a raw water supply tube (4). a plurality of jet nozzles (5), each 1
being at one end portion thereof in communication with the raw water supply tube (4) and having at
the other end portion thereof a raw water jetting outlet (5a) for blowing out the raw water in a jet
stream, a sand filter layer container (3) containing a sand filter layer (2) having an upper surface
thereof being provided below the jet nozzles (5) with a predetermined interval from the raw water
jetting outlets (5a) of the jet nozzles (5). a filtered water outlet (9) provided in the sand filter layer
container (3) for taking out water which has been filtered through the sand filter layer (2) and means
(20) for reciprocating the raw water supply tube (4) in a plane parallel to the surface of the sand filter
layer (2

A system (11) for providing purified water comprises a plurality of individual modules, each of which 1
includes a separable head (13) and a canister (17), which modules are joined one to another via
these heads to create a composite manifold (15). The heads and canisters are respectively of
substantially identical construction, and the hollow canisters include the following units: preheater,
prefilter (25), pump (27), membrane purification (29), postfilter (31), and UV treatment. The overall
system is monitored by a control unit (131) that is regularly interrogated by an off-site, headquarters
computer, and both the control unit (131) and the headquarters computer are proactive in detecting
potential difficulties that may be able to be readily remedied by promptly dispatching a serviceperson
with a replacement for the canister containing the operating unit that requires replacement. The
system itself is designed for extended term operation using a spirally wound, RO membrane
purification element (29) by automatically and repeatedly flushing the feed passageways in the RO
element whenever the storage tank (123) is full of purified water, using a purified water feed from an
auxiliary purification unit (85) for such flushin

Methods of treating a high salinity liquid, such as seawater, containing boron are provided, including 1
adjusting the pH of the liquid to about 8 to about 9.5, optionally adding a scale inhibitor to the liquid,
passing the liquid through a reverse osmosis device, and recovering a permeate having a boron
concentration less than about 2ppm. One embodiment includes removing colloidal matter from the
liquid using a membrane filtration system, such as ultrafiltration or microfiltration, prior to passing the
liquid through the reverse osmosis device, and preferably prior to adjusting the pH of the liqui

A process for the production of highly purified water 38 from Fischer-Tropsch reaction water 12, 1
includes at least the steps of a primary treatment stage comprising an equilibrium staged separation
process 14 having at least one stage for removing at least a fraction of non-acid oxygenated
hydrocarbons from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction water 12 to produce a primary water-enriched stream
16, a secondary treatment stage comprising at least one membrane separation process 28 for
removing at least some suspended solids and acidic oxygenated hydrocarbons from at least a portion
of the primary water-enriched stream 16 to produce a secondary water-enriched stream 34 and a
tertiary treatment stage comprising a dissolved salt and organic removal stage 36 for removing at
least some dissolved salts and organic constituents from at least a portion of the secondary water-
enriched stream 3

A process for the production of highly purified water 32 from Fischer-Tropsch reaction water 12, which 1
process includes at least the steps of a primary treatment stage comprising biological treatment 14 for
removing at least a fraction of dissolved organic carbon from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction water 12 to
produce a primary water-enriched stream 16, a secondary treatment stage comprising solid-liquid
separation 24 for removing at least some solids from at least a portion of the primary water-enriched
stream 16 to produce a secondary water-enriched stream 28 and a tertiary treatment stage
comprising a dissolved salt and organic removal step 30 for removing at least some dissolved salts
and organic constituents from at least a portion of the secondary water-enriched stream 2

A porous membrane having a high strength, a high water permeability, and a high stopping 1
performance, comprising both a three-dimensional net-like structure and a spherical structure,
whereby the porous membrane can be suitably used as a porous membrane for water treatment, a
separator for battery, a charged membrane, a fuel cell, and a porous membrane for blood purificatio
The invention provides a gravity fed water purification system comprising a filtration unit adapted to 1
filter particulate material, and a chemical purifying unit containing a chemical purifying agent, in which
the chemical purifying unit is housed in a sealed chamber and is in fluid communication with the
filtration unit such that water treated by the filtration unit is then gravity fed into the chemical purifying
unit and retained therein for a predetermined period, after which the water exits the system via a
scavenger means which is adapted to recover leached chemical purifying agent. The system ensures
the delivery of microbiologically pure water of high quality whilst maintaining the simplicity and
advantages of gravity fed filtration system

Ballast water treatment apparatus and methods for preventing foreign aquatic invasive species form
entering marine ecological zones by translocation in ship's ballast water. The apparatus includes a
housing, a filter member (118), and UV water treatment chambers (136

Methods and systems for processing a fluid to provide a retentate and permeate are provided, 1
wherein a feed fluid is passed into the bores (26) of one or more hollow fiber membranes (20) to
provide a retentate and a permeate while maintaining the feed fluid flow rate along the inner surfaces
(28) of the membranes at an average velocity of about 0.7 m/s or less and maintaining a substantially
constant permeate flu

Preferred aspects of the present invention relate to advances in rotating, vortex-enhanced reverse 1
osmosis filtration. More particularly, the filtration device and methods incorporate a rotational drive
mechanism adapted to use the flow of pressurized process fluid to cause rotation of a rotor within a
housing, thereby creating shear and Taylor vortices in the gap between the rotor and housing. The
improvements disclosed herein facilitate continuous use of vortex-enhanced filtration for prolonged
periods of tim

The invention concerns a device for filtering (1) polluted effluents, comprising an inlet (2) for receiving 1
the polluted effluents to be treated and an outlet (3) for delivering the effluents filtered by the device
(1), the filtering device (1) including a series of successive filters. Said device comprises a first filter
(4) whereof the cut threshold is of the order of 1 micron, a second filter (5), having a filtering medium
whereof the cut threshold ranges between 1 and 0.5 micron and a third filter (6), the cut threshold of
that third filter being less than 0.5 micron, said filtering device (1) thereby enabling elimination of all
traces of threadworms or pathogenic microscopic fungi contained in the polluted effluents derived
from the soilless cultivation of horticultural or market gardening operations (7) by means of three
filters (4, 5, 6) having substantially homogeneous life span

The present invention relates to a water purification system. This system is portable, compact and 1
produces ultra higher purity water. The system is suitable for use with direct processing from city feed
wate
Biological membrane proteins are incorporated into a co-polymer matrix to produce membranes with 1
a wide variety of functionalities. In one form of the invention, a composite membrane incorporates two
different proteins which cooperate to produce electricity from light. In another form, water transport
proteins are embedded in a membrane to enable water purificatio

Sodium chloride and purified water are recovered by treating salt water that contains sodium chloride 1
with an integrated reverse osmosis and electrodialysis system, which includes an efficiency-
enhancing feature that is one or more of the following: the use of univalent anion and univalent cation
selective membranes in the electrodialysis unit; the addition of a nanofiltration unit to process the
diluate from the electrodialysis unit; or operation of the electrodialysis unit at an elevated pressure.
Magnesium and bromine can optionally be produced when the salt water contains these material

A tankless reverse osmosis system which is capable of producing a permeate flow rate of at least 500 1
GPD when operating under home reverse osmosis condition

[From equivalent US20060169629A1] A water treatment cartridge has a major and a minor axis in a 1
horizontal cross-section and mounting lugs provided at the upper end of the cartridge, generally
aligned with the major axis of the cartridge.

The invention provides a filter cartridge for the treatment of water which comprises an inlet for the 1
water to be treated, the inlet communicating with a downwardly extending hollow passage (TP)
adapted for gravity flow of water there through, the hollow (TP) passage being connected at its lower
end to at least one filter media, and an outlet for exiting treated water from the filter media; whereby
water flows through the hollow passage (TP) and enters the lowermost end of the filter media (FCC)
to travel upwards through the filter media so that entrapped air in the filter media may be released
upwards and out of the filter cartridge during the passage of water through the filter media in the
upward direction. The flow of water in the upward direction facilitates the release of entrapped air in
the system of the invention. This provides for controlled uniform flow of water through the filter
cartridge, which generates quality water even after extensive us
A process for the treatment of water comprises: a) Adding to the water an oxidizing agent in a 1
stunning concentration, wherein the detention time of said agent between adding it to water and the
subsequent steps of filtration and/or irradiation and/or ultrasound is up to about 90 seconds; b)
filtering the oxidized water by a filtration system having a filtering size larger than the average size of
suspended and colloidal organic matter in the water; and c) exposing the oxidized and filtered water
to irradiatio

A submerged, vertically-mounted membrane device, the device receiving a gas-sparged feed stock at 1
a bottom feed inlet to provide airlift circulation of the feed stock through the device and separating the
feed stock into filtrate and residual gas-containing retentate which passes from the top end of the
device. The device comprises a structure of one or more monolith segments of porous material each
monolith segment defining a plurality of passageways extending longitudinally from a bottom feed end
face to a top retentate end face. A porous membrane is applied to the walls of the monolith segment
passageways to provide a separating barrier. At least one filtrate conduit within the device carries
filtrate from within the device toward a filtrate collection zone of the device, and the filtrate conduit
provides a path of lower flow resistance than that of alternative flow paths through the porous
material. A seal is provided to separate feed stock and retentate from the filtrate collection zon

A method of operating a separation membrane module having a spiral membrane element formed by 1
winding a bag-like separation membrane, together with a raw water spacer, on the outer peripheral
surface of a permeated water collecting tube, comprising the steps of changing the flow direction of
raw water in the separation membrane module in the opposite direction regularly or irregularly and
performing flushing when the flow direction of the raw water is changed, wherein every first flushing is
performed in the reverse direction of the flow direction of the raw water in which the raw water was
flowing immediately before the flushin

A process for treating a reverse osmosis membrane with a biocide to kill bacteria on or in the vicinity 1
of a membrane by contacting a reverse osmosis membrane with a halogen biocide in combined form
which slowly releases halogen in a sufficient amount to disinfect the membrane and to kill any
bacteria and thereby eliminate or prevent forming a biofilm on said membran

The invention relates to a method for the nanofiltration purification of an aqueous solution containing 1
one or more sugars, polyvalent cations, monovalent metallic cations, mineral polyvalent anions and
monovalent anions and/or organic acid anions. The invention is characterised in that it comprises the
following operations: (a) substitution of at least one part of said polyvalent cations and/or said mineral
polyvalent anions and organic acid anions respectively with monovalent metallic cations and/or
monovalent anions; (b) nanofiltration of the solution resulting from operation (a) in order to obtain a
retentate; and (c) crystallisation of at least one part of the retentate obtained in operation (b
A system and method for integrating microfluidic components in a microfluidic system enables the 1
microfluidic system to perform a selected microfluidic function. A capping module includes a
microfluidic element for performing a microfluidic function. The capping module is stacked on a
microfluidic substrate having microfluidic plumbing to incorporate the microfluidic function into the
syste

A desalination system for removing at least a substantial amount of salt from a saltwater. In at least
one embodiment, the desalination system may inject the saltwater with one or more ionized gases for
removing contaminants from the saltwater. The desalination system may include one or more ionized
gas generators for generating one or more ionized gases to be mixed with the saltwater. The
desalination system may inject a disinfectant into the saltwater to disinfect the saltwater. The
desalination system may generate one or more disinfectants from saltwater using a disinfectant
generator. In at least one embodiment, the disinfectant generator may separate disinfectants from
saltwater using electrolysi

A water treatment apparatus includes a sand filter and a second stage purification step (e.g. 1
ozonation). The sand filter is constructed as a plurality of individual components that are in fluid flow
communication. At least that uppermost individual component of the sand filter is removable for
cleanin

In addition to health implications, trihalomethanes (THMs) poses a challenge to the electronic industry 1
where such impurities cannot be tolerated. A process is provided for removing THMs from high-purity
water used in the electronic industry. The method of the invention comprises contacting the high-purity
water with a membrane degassifier (13), wherein the water prior to contact with the membrane has
been deionised (10, 11), and wherein the water prior to contact with the membrane has been heated
to above ambient temperature, preferably to substantially 45 DEG

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment and the recovery in value of baths for the 1
dyeing of cellulose fibres with reactive dyes comprising a prefiltration, a neutralization, a nanofiltration
and a reverse osmosis. The following are reused at the end of the treatment: on the one hand,
colourless water comprising the inorganic salts necessary for a new dyeing with reactive dyes; on the
other hand, pure water which will be used either during the nanofiltration or for other operations, such
as washing or rinsing the dyed material. Furthermore, an aqueous solution of very low volume, mainly
comprising hydrolysed reactive dyes and dye additives, is recovered. This results in savings in water,
in a drastic reduction in the salinity of the effluents and in a simplification in the treatment of the
effluents originating from the other baths necessary for the processing of cotton dyed with reactive
dyes, in short in a significant reduction in pollution of the environmen
A wearable or portable intermittently operable hydration system (10) includes a purification module
(22) that contains one or more solid state UV devices that are positioned in the path of hydrating fluid,
or water, flow through the hydration system to a mouthpiece (18) or other orifice. The purification
module (22) provides a path for the fluid past one or more solid state UV devices, such as UV LEDs,
that produce UV radiation in a germicidal range. When the fluid is flowing past the UV LEDs, the LEDs
are turned on to provide sufficient UV radiation to purify the water. The UV LEDs are instant on
devices with essentially no ramp-up required, and a sensor (20) or other signaling means in the flow
path controls the turning on of the UV LEDs whenever the user initiates the fluid flow. The fluid flow
path may run from a bladder (12) in a backpack (19) worn by the user, a sports bottle worn by or
carried by the user or may be through a water filtration system that a user operates via a pump. The
power for the purification module may come from batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, power converted
from pumping or winding action or any combination thereof. Further, UV LEDs may be included in the
walls of the container as additional or alternative sources of UV radiation. The UV LEDs in the walls of
the container may then be turned on when sufficient energy is available, as a precaution against, for
example, a change in environmental condition

A hollow fiber membrane module capable of preventing the pressure resistance of a hollow fiber 1
membrane fixed part to be lowered even when a membrane area is increased in a module using
sheet-like hollow fiber membranes having an excellent washability, a hollow fiber membrane module
unit using the module, a membrane filtering device using the unit, and a method of operating the
membrane filtering device, the hollow fiber membrane module comprising a plurality of sheet-like
hollow fiber membranes (1) and a fixing member (2) fixing the plurality of sheet-like hollow fiber
membranes (1) generally horizontal to each other with at least one ends of the end parts of the
membranes held in open state, wherein the end face of the fixing member (2) on a side where the
hollow fiber membranes are exposed is formed in a generally rectangular shape, and the end face of
the fixing member (2) on a side where the hollow fiber membranes are open is formed in a generally
circular shap

The present invention relates to an apparatus suitable for use in the irradiation of a fluid having an UV
absorbance not greater than 0.06cm at an UV radiation wavelength of 254nm. The apparatus
comprises a multiplicity of flow tubes 6 for conducting said fluid therethrough, a multiplicity of UV
radiation source tubes (4), and a tube support structure formed and arranged so that said UV tubes
and flow tubes extend substantially parallel to each other in a close-packed multicellular matrix array
(1) made up of equilateral triangular cell units (14) having UV source tubes at their vertices and flow
tubes midway between said vertices. The invention also provides a method of water treatment using
an apparatus of the invention.$L'invention se rapporte à un appareil conçu pour être utilisé dans
le rayonnement d'un fluide ayant un absorption d'UV inférieure ou égale à 0,06cm à une
longueur d'onde de rayonnement UV de 254nm. L'appareil comprend une multiplicité de tubes
d'écoulement (6) à travers lesquels un fluide peut être conduit, une multiplicité de tubes (4) de
source de rayonnement UV, et une structure de support de tube formée et agencée de sorte que
les tubes UV et les tubes d'écoulement s'étendent sensiblement en parallèle les uns par rapport
aux autres dans une matrice d'éléments multicellulaire compacte (1). Cette matrice est
constituée d'unités de cellules triangulaires équilatérales (14) comportant des tubes de source
UV au niveau de leurs sommets et des tubes d'écoulement placés entre lesdits sommets.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de traitement de l'eau au moyen d'un appareil de
l'inventio

A method of filtering a feed of water to provide potable water includes adding a coagulant to the water 1
to be filtered to encourage the formation of flocs. About 0,.1 to 1 mg/L of a polymeric flocculation aid is
also added to the water to be filtered to further encourage the formation of flocs. Some of the flocs
may then removed from the water to be treated, for example with a clarifier. A filtered permeate is
removed from the water to be treated with a membrane filtration device. The membrane filtration
device may be an immersed suction driven membrane filtration device. The polymeric flocculation aid
may be added to the body of water in a dosage between about 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L. The dosage of the
polymeric flocculation aid may also be approximately equal to the dosage which gives the minimum
turbidity of the water to be treated, for example, as determined by jar testin
methods and apparatus for desalinating water are provided. A vessel (101) includes a water intake 1
system (200), a reverse osmosis system (204), a concentrate discharge system (207), a permeate
transfer system (208), a power source (103), and a control system (210). The concentrate discharge
system (207) includes a plurality of concentrate discharge port

A low speed-filtrating apparatus has a raw water tank, a settling vessel, preprocessing apparatus, a 1
low-speed sand filtration vessel, a clear water tank, a pump, and related apparatuses. They are
received and installed to a portable three-dimensional frame for transportatio

A wheeled enclosure with a water circuit (19) that starts with an inlet check valve (20), then a water 1
pump (1), then an oxidizing agent dosing pump (7) and tank (8), then a primary mechanical filter (2),
then a fine mechanical filter (4), then a flowmeter (3), then an array of hollow columns (11-15)
connected for fluid communication in series. Each column is filled with a different bed for a different
purification function. The last column (15) contains active carbon. It receives input from a mineralizing
agent dosing pump (5) and tank (6). Water finally passes through ultraviolet radiation treatment (10).
The enclosure is equipped with electrical wiring (not shown) and a service panel (9) for powering the
active elements. This system is compact and portable, and is highly effective at eliminating a wide
range of contaminants from water of unknown condition in a field situatio

A method and system for providing Water for Injection using reverse osmosis. Water for Injection can 1
be produced by reverse osmosis and the reverse osmosis membrane can be kept in a constantly self-
sanitizing condition. One way of obtaining a constantly self-sanitizing condition is to maintain the
reverse osmosis membrane at an elevated temperature during production of Water for Injectio
The invention relates to a method and device for continuously desalinating water by reverse osmosis, 1
particularly for desalinating sea water, according to which: salt water (10) is introduced by a delivery
pump (1) into a pressure compensation device (2) while under a first pressure (p1); from the pressure
compensation device (2), salt water (11) is continuously introduced into a membrane module (3) while
under a second increased pressure (p2) and, inside of the membrane module, the salt water is
separated by a membrane (6) into desalinated water (12) and concentrated salt water (13); the
concentrated salt water (13) discharged from the membrane module (3) is continuously introduced
into the pressure compensation device (2) while under appropriately the second pressure (p2) and is
used therein for increasing the pressure of the salt water (10) introduced into the pressure
compensation device (2) up to approximately the second pressure (p2) and for introducing the salt
water (11) into the membrane module (3). In order to prevent malfunctions in the operation of and,
possibly, damages to the membrane (6) caused by a reduced flow over the membrane surface, the
invention provides that a continuous flow of the salt water (11) introduced into the membrane module
(3) is maintained over the membrane surface of the membrane (6) by means of water discharged
from a reservoir (15; 403; 20

A novel system and method for purification and disinfection of water containing contaminates is
provided. The system includes an aeration column, a first intermediate tank, a first mechanical filter,
an electric discharge device, a second intermediate tank, a second mechanical filter and a sorption
filter. The water is firstly aerated by continuous mixing the water with air and ozone-air mixture. The
water obtained after the aeration is treated with coagulant materials in a medium of the ozone-air
mixture. Further, the water is filtered from coagulated particles. Thereafter, the water is treated by
electric discharges in an air medium. The water is then treated again with coagulant materials. Finally,
the water is filtered from remaining contaminate

A process and an apparatus are described for treating seven types of saline waters each having a 1
concentration of total dissolved solids exceeding 1 g/L, wherein the concentration of total dissolved
solids, the ratio of the chloride ion concentration to the bicarbonate ion concentration and the ratio of
the chloride ion concentration to the sulphate ion concentration of each of the water types are as
indicated in Table 1. The process includes the steps of contacting the water with a first reagent
comprising a source of calcium ions selected from calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide to form a first
solid product which is recovered. The process includes a further step of subjecting at least a portion of
the partially processed water to at least partial evaporation so as to promote the formation of a
precipitate and a mother liquor. The Precipitate is recovered as a second produc
Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel pressurized vapor cycle for distilling liquids.
In some embodiments of the invention, a liquid purification system is revealed, including the elements
of an input for receiving untreated liquid, a vaporizer coupled to the input for transforming the liquid to
vapor, a head chamber for collecting the vapor, a vapor pump with an internal drive shaft and an
eccentric rotor with a rotatable housing for compressing vapor, and a condenser in communication
with the vapor pump for transforming the compressed vapor into a distilled product. Other
embodiments of the invention are directed toward heat management, and other process
enhancements for making the system especially efficien

Apparatus and a method for the desalination of a liquid are described. In particular the apparatus and 1
method are suitable for the desalination of water so as to provide a means for supplying potable water
from an impure source. The described desalination device (1) comprises a water engine (3) and a
reverse osmosis unit (4). The liquid to be desalinated is directed to the hydraulic rams (10, 11) of a
water engine (3). Thus when located within a body of water, the operation of the water engine (3)
increases the pressure of the liquid to a sufficient level that desalination can take place within the
reverse osmosis unit (4). The desalination device (1) is particularly suited for incorporation with a body
of water that exhibits tides since this provides a renewable source of energy for the operation of the
water engine (3

A filtration housing for a filter cassette includes a base frame means supporting a first and second 1
parallel plate to be movable thereon relative to each other in directions normal thereto. The filtration
cassette being retained between opposing first major surfaces of the parallel plates with the direction
of movement thereof aligned with the axis of the membrane sheets. The first plate defines a first
channel substantially parallel to and axially aligned with first edges of the cassette, a second channel
substantially parallel to and axially aligned with the second edges of the cassette, and a third channel
means including a first portion acutely oriented with respect to either of the first and second edges of
the cassette and a second portion optionally substantially transversely oriented with respect to the first
and second edges of the cassette or acutely oriented theretoand extending a distance therebetwee
A system and process for the in situ treatment of a fluid. In particular, the fluid in a naturally occurring 1
source is treated in situ. The system uses an in situ fine porous device to remove at least a portion of
at least one undesired component from a flowing fluid. If necessary, the flow may be induced by a
pump of the system. The treated fluid is then transferred from the naturally occurring source, whereas
the undesired components that have been removed from the treated fluid are left in the naturally
occurring source. After being transferred from the naturally occurring source, the fluid can be used as
is, or the fluid can undergo further treatment, if necessary.$L'invention porte sur un système et un
procédé de traitement in situ d'un fluide provenant d'une source à génération naturelle. A cet
effet le système utilise in situ un dispositif à pores fins pour extraire du fluide au moins une partie
d'au moins un composant non désiré. Si nécessaire, le fluide peut être entraîné par une
pompe. Le fluide ainsi traité est alors transféré de la source, tandis que les composants non
désirés y demeurent. Après son transfert, le fluide peut être utilisé tel quel, ou subir, si
nécessaire un autre traitemen

A pump system for tangential flow or crossflow liquid filtration systems, such as reverse osmosis, 1
nano, and micro filtration systems, that independently fixes the fraction of product water produced for
each stage and recovers a fraction of the energy normally lost in rejected waste streams. The pump is
of the rotary positive-displacement type and fixes the percent recovery of the overall system by
establishing set ratios through the use of differing displacements of the various pump and motor
stages, per unit of time, between the feed water inlet, product water outlet, and reject water outlet
volume of each stage of the filtration system while using the same ratio setting components to recover
the energy normally expelled along with the reject, or concentrate water. The pump system, while
initially developed for use in water processing, can find equal or greater use in processing of fluid
streams other than water and in processes other than filtration or reverse osmosi

The present invention concerns an apparatus for purifying contaminated water by photochemical
oxidation, wherein at least a sub-flow of water is directed through a flow channel wherein the water is
irradiated with UV electromagnetic radiation from at least one UV lamp assembly, wherein said at
least one UV lamp assembly includes a high-pressure UV halogen lamp which is mounted generally
parallel with the flow direction in the channel. Moreover, a method is also provided, whereby the water
flow is radiated with UV radiation by at least on UV halogen high-pressure lamp assembly, which is
energy intensive wave lengths in the range of 150 nm to 260 nm, preferably in the range of 160 nm to
220 nm, and most preferably in the range of 192 nm to 205 n

A stationary water purifier comprising (1) a water purification cartridge assembly (15) comprising at 1
least a filter (13), a raw water inflow nozzle (24), a purified water outflow nozzle (26) and an air
vent/drainage nozzle (28), and (2) a water purifier body (12) having a raw water/purified water inlet
(51) and an air vent/drainage inlet (52) engaging individually with the raw water inflow nozzle, purified
water outflow nozzle and air vent/drainage nozzle of the water purification cartridge assembly,
wherein the water purifier body is provided with an air vent/drainage valve assembly (23) for
opening/closing the air vent/drainage channel. An air block generated during the use of the water
purifier can be removed easily without submerging the surroundings, thus providing a stationary water
purifier where germs or microparticles standing on the raw water side of the filter can be discharged
readily to the outside and water or air standing on the primary side of the filter can be prevented from
flowing into a channel on the purified water sid
Process for reducing total volume of distillery spent wash during its unidirectional pressure circulation 1
from spent wash reservoir into at least two series connected RO filter modules through a plumbing
network and splitting said spent wash into clear or slightly coloured PERMEATE and REJECT streams
thereby reducing by >50 % the total distillery spent wash characterised in that said PERMEATE being
colourless or faintly coloured water suitable for recycle and said REJECT stream being suitable for
composting and characterised further in that said plumbing network comprises a combination of
equipments such as centrifugal pump; pressure regulating means; pressure actuated switches; fluid
pressure monitoring gauges; stop cocks; means for adjusting spent wash pH to around 6.5 by
addition of hydrochloric acid or alkali; a stirrer; a combination of sand filter for sieving suspended
particles of 100 micron size; filter cartridge for sieving 10 micron particles; a pressure injector for
injecting at preset intervals anti-scalant compound into said filtrate by a piston pump.$L'invention
concerne un procédé de réduction du volume total de solubles de distillerie pendant leur
circulation unidirectionnelle sous pression, d'un réservoir de solubles dans au moins deux modules
filtrants à osmose inverse reliés en série par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau de plomberie, et par
division desdits solubles en flux de perméat et de rejet transparent ou légèrement colorés,
réduisant ainsi de > 50 % les solubles de distillerie totaux, caractérisé en ce que ledit perméat
est une eau incolore ou légèrement colorée apte au recyclage, et ledit flux de rejet convient à la
production de compost, et également caractérisé en ce que ledit réseau de plomberie
comprend une combinaison de matériels tels qu'une pompe centrifuge, un moyen de régulation
de pression, des commutateurs actionnés par pression, des jauges de contrôle hydrauliques, des
vannes d'arrêt, un moyen de réglage du pH des solubles à environ 6,5 par addition d'un acide
chlorhydrique ou d'un alcali, un agitateur, une combinaison d'un filtre à sable pour tamiser des
particules en suspension d'une grosseur de 100 microns, un réservoir filtrant pour tamiser des
particules de 10 microns, un injecteur sous pression destiné à injecter à des intervalles
prédéterminés un composé antitartre dans ledit filtrat par une pompe à pisto

A water-treating device having a water jar, a magnetic agitator, an additive container having a bottom 1
plate and a sleeve attached to the bottom plate, and an agitator driver that rotates the magnetic driver.
The sleeve of the additive container has an outer wall, an inner wall, and mineral particles filled
between the inner wall and the outer wall. The magnetic agitator has a base and a Y-shaped fin that
protrudes upward from the base. The magnetic agitator has a magnetic bar between the fin and the
base. The base has a shape of a disc having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the lower
surface is convex. A metal plate is attached to the lower surface. The bottom plate also has a metal
plate that contacts the metal plate of the bas

The invention concerns a method for treating water for purification and/or drinkability, comprising at 1
least one step of gravity separation, at least one step of contacting said water with an inorganic
powder reagent with high specific surface area, for abating in particular the organic matter content of
said water, and at least one membrane separation step. The invention is characterized in that it
comprises a step which consists in treating the blow-off products (32) derived from said membrane
separation step, enabling said blow-off products to be separated into at least two fractions: one first
fraction comprising the major part, that is more than 60 wt. %, of the powder reagent in a small flow
rate of water (that is less than 40 % of blow-off flow rate) which contains organic matter and micro-
pollutants; a second fraction comprising, in a larger water flow rate, preferably 4 to 20 times more than
said first flow rate, the major part of organic matter not adsorbed on the reagent rejected by the
membranes and concentrated in the blow-off products, said first fraction (321) being reinjected into
said water upstream of said step consisting in contacting said water with said powder reagen

A filter cartridge for a standalone point of use water purification device includes tandem first and 1
second flow passageways containing flowthrough filter media that cooperate to provide opposing flow
directions in the first and second flow passageways that reduce, if not eliminate, channeling, and
provide self-wetting of the flowthrough filter media contained in the tandem first and second flow
passageways, eliminating the need for post-use wetting step
The water purification system and associated method of the present invention consists of a generally 1
self-contained, highly maneuverable, portable water purification system. Maneuverability is enhanced
by mounting a cabinet on wheels or on a cart that may be easily guided to a water supply. Power is
supplied to the system in a solar cell. The power is used to operate the pump of the system and to
power the purifying radiation source. The system can also be used as a portable power source in
addition to its capacity as a water purifie

Disclosed is a container (1) for receiving a fluidized bed, comprising a turbulence chamber for 1
receiving a medium that is to be vortexed, and a cushioning space (7) which is disposed below the
turbulence chamber and is provided with an inlet (6) for a fluid that vortexes the medium. Said inlet
guides the fluid into the cushioning space in such a way that a circular, upward-directed current is
generated. Also disclosed are methods for backwashing a filter used for treating wate

Verfahren zur Phosphatierung von Metalloberflächen, wobei man die Metalloberflächen nach der 1
Phosphatierung mit einem Spülwasser spült und das Spülwasser einer zwei- oder mehrstufigen
Nanofiltration unterzieht. Dabei setzt man das Konzentrat einer Nanofiltrationsstufe jeweils als
Ausgangslösung für die nachfolgenden Nanofiltrationsstufe ein. Das Konzentrat der letzten
Nanofiltrationsstufe wird zum Ergänzen der Phosphatierlösung eingesetzt.$The invention relates to
a method for phosphating metallic surfaces. According to said method, the metallic surfaces are
rinsed with rinsing water after phosphation, and the rinsing water is subjected to a two-stage or multi-
stage nanofiltration process. The concentrate of a nanofiltration stage is respectively used as a parent
solution for the ensuing nanofiltration stage. The concentrate of the last nanofiltration stage is used to
complete the phosphation solution.$La présente invention concerne un procédé pour
phosphater des surfaces métalliques, les surfaces métalliques étant rincées avec de l'eau de
rinçage après phosphatation, et l'eau de rinçage subissant un nanofiltrage en deux étapes ou
plus. Selon l'invention, le concentré issu d'une étape de nanofiltrage est utilisé respectivement
en tant que solution de départ pour l'étape de nanofiltrage suivante. Le concentré issu de la
dernière étape de nanofiltrage est utilisé pour compléter la solution de phosphatatio

A process analysis system (100) includes sensors (102, 103, 104) and a processing system (105).
The sensors (102, 103, 104) monitor the process to generate sensor signals (111). The processing
system (105) processes the sensor signals (111) to detect a deviation from a baseline for the process
(101). The processing system (105) generates a process vector for the deviation in response to
detecting the deviation. The processing system (105) compares the process vector to a plurality of
library vectors to classify the deviation. In some examples, the process (101) comprises a system that
supplies wate

A filter arrangement (41) for liquids containing solids such as olive waste, the filter has a tapered 1
cylindrical filter membrane (55), a rotatable a helical brush arrangement (51) on an axle (48) inside
the membrane, an inlet means (45) to supply liquid to be filtered into an inlet end of the cylindrical
filter membrane and exit means (46) to extract sludge from the other exit end of the filter membrane.
The taper can be in the range of 0 to 10 degrees. Bristles of the brush are just spaced away from the
filter membrane. Pressure may be used within the filter membrane and vacuum outside to assist with
filtration. Sludge extraction may be continuous or intermitten

The invention relates to a method for permeate side cleaning of a membrane system equipped with 1
capillary membranes (2). The capillary membranes are connected to a permeate collector chamber
(4) via an open end thereof which is used to evacuate the permeate. The permeate collector chamber
(4) is incorporated into a circulation line (14) which is fitted with a circulating pump (13). A device is
connected to the circulation line (14), comprising a feed pump (16) for feeding cleaning fluid (24), a
permeate outlet (17) and a cleaning agent outlet (19). The circulation line (14) is initially filled with
cleaning fluid (24) for cleaning the permeate side. Subsequently, the cleaning fluid (24) is distributed
in a closed circuit in the permeate collector chamber. The cleaning fluid (24) which is flows along the
ends of the capillary membranes (2) which are open with respect to the permeate collector chamber
(4). The capillary membranes (2), together with the permeate collector chamber, are cleaned
preferably without any backwashin
Methods for removal of positively charged microbicidal compound, in particular an aziridino 1
compound, from composition such as a blood product by contacting the composition with a cation
exchange resin allowing the positively charged compound to bind to the resin and then separating the
resin-bound compound from the compositio

A portable drinking device is provided that can be filled with municipal type water, and which will 1
remove impurities (e.g. chlorine) from that water. The portable drinking device is designed so that a
person can carry around a single drinking device, fill that drinking device with type water (e.g. from a
faucet), and yet have a portable water source more suitable to that person's water quality
preferences. The portable drinking device has an integrally contained filtration component, designed
for filtering water that is drawn or otherwise delivered from the device through a drinking tube or other
delivery mechanism, and in a way designed to ensure that all water obtained from the device is
passed through the filtration component to remove the desired impuritie

The invention relates to a water desalination installation for the desalination of seawater according to 1
the reverse osmosis method. This installation comprises at least one membrane module (1) that is
connected with a raw water feed line (2), via which raw water is supplied by means of a high-pressure
pump (3); with a permeate line (5), via which the desalinated water is discharged; and with a
concentrate line (6), via which concentrated salt water is discharged. For permitting the pressure to be
adapted in the raw water feed line (2) to the salt content and the temperature of the water to be
desalinated, and for increasing at the same time the energy efficiency of such a water desalination
installation, the invention proposes that provision is made for an energy recovery unit (8) that
comprises a motor-driven pressure booster pump (9) arranged in the raw water feed line (2) either
before the high-pressure pump (3) or between the high-pressure pump (3) and the membrane module
(1); and a turbine (11) that is arranged in the concentrate line (6) and mechanically coupled with the
pressure booster pump (9).$L'invention concerne une installation de dessalement d'eau de mer en
osmose inverse, qui comprend au moins un module membrane (1) relié à une conduite
d'alimentation en eau brute (2) fonctionnant via une pompe haute pression (3); relié également Ã
une conduite de perméat (5) pour l'évacuation de l'eau de mer dessalée; et relié aussi à une
conduite de concentré (6) pour l'évacuation de l'eau de mer concentrée. Afin de régler la
pression dans la conduite d'alimentation en eau brute (2) par rapport à la teneur en sel et à la
température de l'eau à dessaler, et pour améliorer simultanément le rendement
énergétique de l'installation, il est proposé d'établir une unité de récupération d'énergie
(8) comprenant une pompe de surpression à moteur (9) disposée dans la conduite d'alimentation
en eau brute (2) avant la pompe de surpression (3) ou entre la pompe haute pression (3) et le module
membrane (1). Enfin, l'installation comprend une turbine (11) située entre la conduite d'évacuation
de concentré (6) et couplée mécaniquement à la pompe de surpression (9

A hollow fiber membrane module and a hollow fiber membrane module arrangement group, the 1
hollow fiber membrane module in which a hollow fiber membrane element is installed in a pressure
vessel, characterized in that supply fluid can be supplied to a supply fluid distribution pipe at the
center part of the hollow fiber membrane element, at least two supply fluid flow passage nozzles are
fitted to the outer peripheral side-face of the pressure vessel near one end part, and at least two
concentrated fluid flow passage nozzles are fitted to the outer peripheral-side thereof near the other
end part; the hollow thread fiber module arrangement group comprising the hollow fiber membrane
modules, wherein the need of header pipes on the supply side and concentrating side is substantially
eliminate

This invention relates generally to composite materials and to devices which may alter fluid 1
parameters. Devices incorporating the composite materials of the invention are used to deliver,
remove, and generate, fluid treatment agents, and combinations thereof. These materials and devices
are applicable to many different fluid processing situations including drinking water treatment,
wastewater treatment, emission treatment, pollution cleanup, and sensing fluid composition. In its
more particular aspects, the invention relates to the field of composites that may be widely tailored for
many different treatment application
The present invention relates to a sterilizing tap and a water-purifying device using the sterilizing tap.
The sterilizing tap includes a tap body having a waterway connector connected to a waterway formed
at its side, a screw hole formed at its top, and an outlet formed at its bottom; and a sterilizing unit,
wherein the sterilizing unit includes a bolt unit coupled to the screw hole, an ultraviolet ray generator
disposed within the tap body when the bolt unit is coupled to the screw hole, for generating ultraviolet
rays, and a first quartz tube sealed to the bolt unit to completely surround the ultraviolet ray generator.
The water-purifying device includes a first room formed at one side of the water-purifying device body
and having a waterway through spring water is supplied from the water tank; a sterilizing tap
communicated with the waterway, for sterilizing spring water and discharging the sterilized spring
water; a second room formed at the other side of the water-purifying device body, wherein cups are
provided in the second room; and doors installed in the first room and/or the second room, for
preventing the sterilizing tap and/or the cups from being contaminated by external contamination
source

A method of desalting raw water containing at least a water-soluble salt, characterized by comprising 1
a first step in which water is removed from the raw water containing at least a water-soluble salt to
concentrate the raw water and a second step in which at least part of the water-soluble salt is
removed from the concentrated raw water. By the method, raw water containing at least a water-
soluble salt can be desalted industrially and economicall

A water treatment filter (1), comprising a housing (11) having a water inlet (15) and a water outlet (16), 1
a PH control processor (12) stored in the housing, a water merging chamber (13) formed in the
housing (11) in communication with the water outlet (16), and a water passing main passage (14)
formed in the housing (11) in combination with the water inlet (15) and the water merging chamber
(13). The PH control processor further comprises a storage case (17), and a first water treating agent
layer (18) formed of a plurality of ceramic solid matters (18b) containing calcium components is filled
in the case. The case (17) further comprises a distributing water lead-in part (19) allowed to
communicate with the water inlet and leading part of water led into the housing into the case and a
water outflow part (20) in communication with the water merging chamber. Thus, a water treatment
filter device can be provided to neutralize city water, reverse osmosis membrane permeated water,
and the other water to keep the PH value thereof constant so as to make the water alkalescen
A membrane supported biofilm reactor uses modules having fine, hollow fibres (19), for example, 1
made from dense wall Poly methylpentene (PMP) used in tows or formed into a fabric (26). In one
module, one or more sheets of the fabric are potted into a module to enable oxygen containing gas to
be supplied to the lumens of the hollow fibres. Various reactors and processes, for example to treat
wastewater, using such modules are described. Mechanical, chemical and biological methods are
used to control the thickness of the biofilm (30

A modular membrane filtration device is provided with replaceable membrane elements. The device is 1
designed for ease of cleaning or replacing the membrane elements during filtration of a feed liquid to
remove suspended solids. The cleaning may be effected by continuous aeration or by application of
air as intermittent pressurized pulses. The device preferably has two headers, at least one of which is
a permeate collection header having receptacles for a plurality of membrane elements, each of which
is a potted hollow fiber membrane bundle. The potted hollow fiber membrane bundles are distinct
entities which may be inserted into the receptacles, preferably in rows of circular slots, on the
permeate collection header(s), and may be easily removed for maintenance, such as for replacement
of the hollow fiber membrane element

The present invention discloses a photocatalysis apparatus for water purifying which can be
maintained conveniently after the photocatalyst's aging. It includes a reacting bed (4), a transparent
bushing (3) disposed in the reacting bed and an ultraviolet light source (5) in the bushing. The inner
wall of the reacting bed connects detachably to an inner sleeve (8) on the surface of which a layer of
titanium dioxide is plated as photocatalyst. With this apparatus, after the aging of the catalyst, the
apparatus can be reused only by replacing the inner sleeve. Then the maintenance of the apparatus
is more convenient and the workload is less than befor

A spiral wound membrane filtration module is operated with a single pass through the feed side and 1
without cross-flow on the permeate side. Recovery is 70% or more and feed side velocities are
between 0.05 and 0.4 feet per second. The module may have dams in the spacer material on the
shell/feed side to provide a feed path with multiple passes across the membrane leaves. A small-scale
system for using such a module, for example to soften and filter water with a nanofiltration membrane,
is described. The system includes a chemical cleaning apparatus and proces
A water purification system for purifying and storing drinking water, the system comprising: a pre- 1
treatment stage for filtering untreated water to form pre-treated water; a three-way valve having an
outlet and first and second inlets, each inlet having a flow regulator which regulates the flow of water
into the three-way valve; a main treatment stage for treating pre-treated water by reverse osmosis or
ultra-filtration to form treated water at a treated pressure; a storage stage for storing treated water in a
storage vessel at a storage pressure which increases as the storage vessel is filled, the maximum
storage pressure being less than or equal to the treated pressure; wherein: the pre-treated water
passes through the three-way valve in passage between the pre-treatment stage and the main
treatment stage, the pre-treated water entering the first inlet of the three-way valve and exiting the
outlet of the three-way valve; the treated water is separated into a storage stream connected to the
storage stage and a recycle stream connected to the second inlet of the three-way valve; when the
storage vessel is full of treated water at the maximum storage pressure, the first and second inlets of
the three-way valve are closed; and when the pressure of treated water in the storage vessel is less
than the maximum storage pressure, both flow regulators open until the maximum storage pressure is
restore

A method for treating a purification filter (30a, 30b, 30c) for bathwater in a baths establishment, which 1
purification filter has a water supply conduit (31a, 31b, 31c) for water to be purified and a water
discharge conduit (35a, 35b, 35c) that leads purified water to a swimming pool in the baths
establishment, in which method a disinfecting agent is supplied to said purification filter. According to
the invention, said disinfecting agent is supplied.(93a, 93b, 93c) to said water supply conduit while the
water supply conduit and the water discharge conduit are both open for water running through the
purification filter, until said disinfecting agent has penetrated essentially all the way through the
purification filter, where after the supply of disinfecting agent is stopped and the water supply conduit
and the water discharge conduit are closed of water running through and the disinfecting agent is
allowed to act on the purification filter. The invention also relates to a control method for the metho

A system and method for desalinating a feed solution containing a high level of sparingly soluble 1
solutes, such as calcium sulfate, in which a high percentage of the water content of the feed solution
is recovered as purified water. The method and system comprise introducing a sufficient quantity of
nucleation crystals on the low pressure side of a first-pass membrane separation unit so that the
sparingly soluble solutes precipitate on the suspended nucleation crystals, instead of on the surface
of the first-pass semi-permeable membrane barrier. The permeate from the first-pass membrane
separation unit is then sent to the high pressure side of a second-pass membrane separation unit.
The second-pass semi-permeable membrane barrier rejects additional dissolved solutes, some of
which can be recycled back to the first-pass membrane, so that permeate with a low level of dissolved
solutes is produced on the low pressure side of the second-pass membrane barrier.$La présente
invention concerne un système et un procédé de dessalement d'une solution à traiter contenant
un niveau élevé de solutés modérément solubles, tels que le sulfate de calcium, dans
lesquels un fort pourcentage de la teneur en eau de la solution à traiter est récupéré sous
forme d'eau purifiée. Le procédé et le système consistent à introduire une quantité suffisante
de cristaux de nucléation sur le côté basse pression d'une unité de séparation de premier
passage de sorte que les solutés modérément solubles précipitent sur les cristaux de
nucléation en suspension, plutôt que sur la surface de la membrane-barrière semi-perméable
de premier passage. Le perméat issu de l'unité de séparation à membrane de premier passage
est ensuite envoyé au côté haute pression d'une deuxième unité de séparation Ã
membrane de deuxième passage. La membrane-barrière semi-perméable de deuxième passage
rejette les solutés dissous additionnels, dont une partie peut être renvoyée à la membrane de
premier passage, de manière à ce que le perméat ayant un faible niveau de solutés dissous soit
produit sur le côté basse pression de la membrane-barrière de deuxième passag
Process for reducing the content of water-soluble salts of aqueous solutions of polymers containing 1
vinylamine groups by ultrafiltration to achieve a residual salt content of 1 to 10 % by weight based on
total solution solids in the polymer solution comprising feeding an aqueous salt-containing solution of
vinylamine group containing polymers at a polymer concentration of at least 7 % by weight to an
ultrafiltration unit and removing the water-soluble salts with the permeate from the feed solution by
adding thereto less than 4 parts by weight of water per one part by weight of the feed solution, and
use of the polymer of the aqueous solutions thus purified as basic water-absorbing resin of
multicomponent superabsorbent polymers. Preferably vibratory shear membranes in a diafiltration
configuration are use

A method of water purification including the steps of passing source water through at least one 1
reverse osmosis unit (6, 8) to produce a product water and reject water, directing the product water
from a reverse osmosis unit (6, 8) into the dilution stream of a continuous electrodeionization unit
(12), directing the reject water from the first pass reverse osmosis unit (6) through a softening unit (7)
to produce softening unit output water with fewer hardness elements than the reject water from the
first pass reverse osmosis unit (6), directing the softening unit output water into a concentrate stream
of the continuous electrodeionization unit (12), and wherein the continuous electrodeionization unit
(12) further purifies the water from the dilution stream to produce purified wate

The invention relates to a module for the filtration of liquid mediums, especially for purifying waste 1
water, comprising a plurality of essentially planar and flexible filter membrane pockets comprising at
least one opening which drains the inner area thereof. Said pockets are arranged in a vertical and
parallel manner and are arranged, preferably, at the same distance from each other in a rigid,
essentially square supporting element in such a manner that the intermediate gaps arranged between
adjacent filter membrane pockets can be intensively crossflown by a liquid. According to the invention,
the filtration module in characterised in such a manner that the filter membrane pockets are fixed to
closed side surfaces opposite the supporting element, preferably over the entire length thereof, such
that the supporting element comprises at least one evacuation line which is used to evacuate the
liquid which is suctioned out via the filter membrane pocket openings, and that the filter membrane
pockets have a flexible, liquid-permeable core and/or a plurality of flexible liquid-permeable core
elements and that the rod or grid-shaped supporting elements are provided on or at a distance from
each filtration membrane pocke

The present invention is directed to an improved microfiltration process, an improved ultrafiltration 1

process, and an improved combination microfiltration process/ultrafiltration process, all for recovering
target molecules from a polydisperse liquid. These processes are particularly useful in recovering
proteins from transgenic mil

A filter assembly for a filter cartridge is disclosed, the filter assembly including a generally cylindrical 1
carbon block filter element and a generally cylindrical pleated filter element disposed around the
radially outer surface of the carbon block filter element. The filter assembly has an outlet
communicating with the axial cavity of the carbon block filter element, so that filtrate first passes
through the pleated filter element, enters the carbon block filter element through its radially outer
surface, propagates radially inwardly to the central cavity of the carbon block filter element and then
axially along the central cavity of the carbon block filter element, and exits the central cavity of the
carbon block filter element through the outle

Hollow fibre membrane separation system includes membrane components, a circulating tank and 1
connecting pipelines etc. Wherein the liquid feeding pipelines (40) between the circulating tank (28)
and the membrane components is used for offering raw water to the membrane components. The
liquid feeding pipelines (40) are mounted with a pump (29), a raw water flow control device and a
chemicals feeding oneway valve (18) and the like. Wherein the raw water flow control device is used
to control a little of raw water fed into the membrane components in the first cleaning stage of
cleaning the membrane components, the chemicals feeding oneway valve is used to control the
feeding of the chemicals into the raw water in the first cleaning stage of cleaning the membrane
component
Disclosed is a membrane-supporting device for a membrane filter used for filtering water. Said 1
membrane-supporting device is formed by a grid plate that comprises a planar grid (1) formed by grid
webs (2a, 2b) which define intermediate spaces (6) located therebetween. Said grid webs (2a, 2b) are
provided with passage zones (4) that interconnect intermediate spaces (6). The membrane-
supporting device comprises a plurality of support areas which are formed by the webs (2a, 2b) and
sufficiently support a mounted flexible membrane, thus forming a support plate for one or two parallel
membranes, while the intermediate spaces (6) and the passage zones (4) that connect said
intermediate spaces (6) allow a liquid to flow unimpeded in all directions within the grid plane. Also
disclosed is a membrane filter which is formed by said membrane-supporting device and welded-on
filter membrane

The method comprises the steps of using a processing device consisting of (1) a processing tank, (2)
a vibrating stirring means disposed in the processing tank, (3) an optical catalyst layer or a layer
consisting of optical catalyst and disinfectant metal, disposed somewhere on the surface in the
processing tank, and (4) an irradiating means, putting water or a treating liquid containing water in the
processing tank, (i) transmitting vibrations of 10 - 200 Hz from a vibration generating means to
vibration vanes to cause the latter to vibrate with an amplitude of 0.01 - 15 mm, and (ii) irradiating the
optical catalyst layer or the layer consisting of optical catalyst and disinfectant metal with ligh

A photocatalyst module, characterized in that a titanium dioxide support layer is formed on the surface
of a quartz glass chip. A cleaning treatment apparatus for water to be treated, characterized in that an
outer tube (3) is installed on the outer peripheral side of a protective tube (2) for a first ultraviolet lamp
(1), photocatalyst modules (4) are charged in a clearance between the protective tube and the outer
tube, a water flow passage (5) for the water to be treated is formed around the first ultraviolet lamp
(1), and second ultraviolet lamps (6) and (6) are installed on the outer peripheral side of the outer tub

A purification system in which even waste water containing organic pollutions at a high concentration 1
can be purified with high efficiency while suppressing generation of refuse. Since a dissolved oxygen
supply unit is provided, oxygen can be supplied to the water to be treated in a purification tank in the
form of dissolved oxygen. Furthermore, since a microorganisms sterilizing means is provided, and
sterilized microorganisms can be fed back, as a supplementary nutrition source, to the water to be
treated in the purification tank, activation of microorganisms is accelerated and the purification
efficiency can be enhanced furthermore. As a result, clogging of a pass membrane can be prevented
through reduction of solid matters even in case of waste water containing organic pollutions at a high
concentration, and since the pass membrane can be used as a solid/liquid separating means, need
for installing a large scale sludge settling tank is eliminated resulting in reduction of the facility cost
and the space.$L'invention porte sur un système d'épuration permettant de purifier efficacement
même des eaux usées à forte teneur en polluants organiques tout en évitant la production de
résidus. Une source d'oxygène dissous permet de le fournir sous cette forme à la cuve
d'épuration. Un moyen de stérilisation de micro-organismes permet de les réintroduire une fois
stérilisés en tant que source supplémentaire de nutrition dans l'eau de la cuve d'épuration,
d'accélérer l'activation desdits micro-organismes, et d'accroître l'efficacité de purification. Du
fait, de la réduction des matières solides, on évite le colmatage des membranes filtrantes, et
donc même en cas d'eaux usées à forte teneur en polluants organiques, comme les membranes
filtrantes peuvent servir à la séparation solide/liquide, il n'est plus nécessaire de prévoir de
réservoir de décantation des boues, d'où une réduction des coûts et de l'espace occup

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide filter cartridges which can suitably be utilized in 1
purifying chemical fluids for treating the surface of an electronic device substrate to be used in the
semiconductor industry, particularly fluids containing a basic compound such as ammonia and an
ammonium salt, or hydrofluoric acid (HF). The filter cartridges relating to the present invention which
are used in removing metallic impurities contained in a chemical fluid for treating the surface of an
electronic device substrate by treating the chemical fluid, is characterized by having a filter material
incorporated therein, into which functional groups compatible with the existing morphology of the
metallic impurities to be removed are incorporated in compliance with the constituents of the chemical
fluid to be treated and the types of the metallic impurities to be remove
A method for the drinking water treatment of a manganese-containing raw water, characterized in that 1
it comprises adding chlorine to a soluble manganese-containing raw water, allowing the resultant raw
water (a raw water being added with chlorine) to pass through a bed packed with a manganese
dioxide catalyst having a median diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 mm as an upward flow having a linear rate of
300 to 1300 m/day, subjecting the chlorine-added raw water having passed through the packed bed
(a raw water having passed through the packed bed) to the filtration using a membrane, to remove
the above soluble manganese having been oxidized and insolbilized in the packed bed. The above
method allows the treatment of a large quantity of a manganese-containing raw water with a treating
tank having a small area, and further allows the prevention of the increase in running cost even when
a raw water has a high manganese concentration.$La présente invention a trait à un procédé
pour le traitement en eau potable d'une eau brute contenant du manganèse, caractérisé en ce
qu'il comprend l'ajout du chlore à une eau brute contenant du manganèse soluble, en laissant l'eau
brute obtenue (une eau brute étant ajoutée au chlore) passer à travers un lit garni d'une catalyse
à base de dioxyde de manganèse présentant un diamètre moyen de 0,3 à 0,7 mm sous la forme
d'un flux ascendant ayant un débit linéaire de 300 à 1300 m/jour, un traitement de filtrage Ã
l'aide d'une membrane de l'eau brute additionnée de chlore ayant passé à travers du lit Ã
garnissage (une eau brute ayant passé à travers un lit à garnissage), pour l'élimination dudit
manganèse soluble oxydé et insolubilisé dans le lit à garnissage. Le procédé de l'invention
permet le traitement d'une grande quantité d'eau brute contenant du manganèse avec un
réservoir de traitement présentant une superficie réduite, et permet en outre la prévention de
l'augmentation dans le coût d'utilisation même lorsqu'une eau brute présente une concentration
élevée de manganès

A disinfectant treatment for self-contained potable water systems. A lamp or lamps within the interior
of at least one component system in which water is resident. During operation of the system. As the
water tank, water heater, water filter, or other component which holds a volume of water. By putting a
radioactive and a microbial effect in response to exposure to UV radiation may be formed of the
vessel or other component. The radioactive material may be tin dioxide, titanium dioxide, or other
material that produces hydroxyl ions in response to UV exposure. The hydroxyl ions flow from the
vessel or other component into the piping and other components so as to attack/inhibit microbial
action throughout the system. The lamps are mounted within quartz sleeves for immersion in water or
other components. The quartz sleeves to prevent vibration damage. May also be used to of the
system so as to prevent friction freeze damag

A system capable of cleaning and disinfecting a filter. A filter element is flushed with a disinfectant 1
solution in a direction opposite to fluid filtration. A filter integrity test checks the integrity of the filter by
pressurizing the filte

A method of treating liquid containing at least one contaminant including mixing precipitant chemical 1
with the liquid to cause a precipitation reaction and produce a precipitant, introducing the precipitant
and the liquid into a clarification device, mixing activated silica with the precipitant and liquid to cause
a flocculation of the precipitant, separating the liquid from flocculated precipitant, and introducing the
liquid into a membrane treatment device to cause a reduction of flocculated precipitant from the liquid.
$L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à traiter un liquide contenant au moins un
contaminant et consistant à mélanger un produit chimique pour précipitant avec le liquide de
sorte à provoquer une réaction de précipitation et à produire un précipitant, à introduire le
précipitant et le liquide dans un dispositif de clarification, à mélanger une silice activée avec le
précipitant et le liquide de façon à provoquer la floculation du précipitant, et à introduire le
liquide dans un dispositif de traitement à membrane de manière à provoquer une réduction de
précipitant floculé à partir du liquid
A cartridge for treating water, the cartridge capable of releasably engaging a water treatment device. 1
The cartridge includes a housing, an inlet for introducing untreated water into the cartridge, an outlet
port for egress of treated water from the cartridge, and a treatment media for treating untreated water.
The treatment media is in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet port. The cartridge further
includes a first tube having an inside surface, an outside surface, a proximal end, and a distal end,
where the inside surface and/or the outside surface is a sealing surface. The cartridge further includes
a second tube having an inside surface, an outside surface, a proximal end, and a distal end, where
the inside surface and/or the outside surface is a sealing surface. The first tube extends from the
housing and surrounds the outlet port. At least a portion of the first tube or the second tube surrounds
the other such that a gap is formed between the first tube and the second tube. The gap is capable of
holding a volume of water. The first tube extends outwardly from the housing and surrounds the outlet
port, and the second tube extends outwardly from the housing and surrounds the first tube such that a
gap is formed between the first and second tubes, the gap capable of holding from about 0.1 ml to
about 6 ml of water when the cartridge is not sealingly engaged to the water treatment device, and
such that the distal end of the second tube extends a greater distance than the distal end of the first
tube from the housing, and such that at least one of the sealing surfaces of the second tube extends a
greater distance than at least of one of the sealing surfaces of the first tube from the housin

A water purifier (S) having a main body (10) attached to a tap water faucet pipe (1) and designed so 1
that by turning a water purifying section (20) turnably attached to the main body (10) through a
predetermined angle with respect to the main body (10), the flow passage for the tap water flowing
into the water purifying section (20) can be switched between the normal and reverse directions,
wherein the water purifying section (20) comprises a cartridge (40) filled with a filter medium and a
magnetic treating section (50) for magnetic treatment, the flow passage in the water purifying section
(20) is formed such that the water flowing into the water purifying section (20) passes through the
cartridge (40) and the magnetic treating section (50), and the magnetic treating section (50)
comprises a yoke having a pair of opposed arms interconnected by a connector, and magnets
disposed inside the arms and on the opposite sides of the flow passage with their dissimilar poles
opposed to each othe

An apparatus for treating a fluid to be injected into a subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formation 1

includes a filtration unit having one or more filtration membranes including either or both ultra-filtration
membranes and micro-filtration membranes, and an ionic species removal plant, wherein fluid to be
injected is first treated by the filtration unit and then treated by the ionic species removal plant. In a
preferred embodiment, the ionic species removal plant is a sulfate removal plant which incorporates
nano-filtration membranes. A method of treating fluid to be injected into a subterranean formation is
also disclosed. A cleaning system and method for use in an apparatus for treating injection fluid is also
disclose

The present invention provides a photocatalyst sterilizer (200) which draws thereinto water, contained
in a water tank (120) and polluted by bacilli and various organic substances, regardless of a water
level in the water tank (120) and sterilizes the polluted water using violet rays and through a
photocatalyst reaction, thus enhancing a sterilizing ability thereof, and which is easily installed and
efficiently used in various appliances, which are necessary to execute sterilizing processes, for
example, hot and cold water generators, hot and cold water purifiers, tap water purifiers to be directly
coupled to faucet pipes, edible water purifiers, and aquarium
A water delivery device used, for example, for controlling moisture in a plant growing medium or for a 1
water purification device; the device comprises a water vapor permeable non porous hydrophilic
membrane of a polymer blend of one or more thermoplastic polyether-ester polymer(s) and a liquid
crystalline thermotropic polyester; and wherein the membrane has a water vapor transmission rate of
at least 400 g/m/24 hrs measured according to ASTM F-1249 -90 on a film 3 mils (76.2 microns) thick
using air at 30°C and 100% relative humidity at a velocity of 3 m/s and the polymer blend has a
linear expansion of less than 7% measured on a fully hydrated film of the polymer blend; whereby an
aqueous liquid comprising water is placed in contact with the membrane and water passes through
the membrane by pervaporation to, for example, a plant growing medium thereby controlling the
moisture in the medium or water can be collected and used as purified water.$L'invention concerne un
dispositif de distribution d'eau utilisé, par exemple, pour réguler l'humidité dans un milieu de
culture de plantes ou pour un dispositif de purification d'eau ; le dispositif comprenant une membrane
hydrophile non poreuse perméable à la vapeur d'eau, constituée d'un mélange polymère d'au
moins un polymère de polyéther-ester thermoplastique et d'un polyester thermotrope cristallin
liquide ; la membrane présentant une transmission de vapeur d'eau d'au moins 400 g/m/24 h
mesuré selon la norme ASTM F-1249 -90 sur un film de 3 millièmes de pouce (76,2 microns)
d'épaisseur à l'aide d'air à 30 DEG C et à 100 % d'humidité relative à une vitesse de 3 m/s, le
mélange polymère présentant une dilatation linéaire inférieure ou égale à 7 % mesurée
sur un film totalement hydraté constitué du mélange polymère ; un liquide aqueux comprenant
de l'eau étant ainsi placé en contact avec la membrane et l'eau traversant la membrane par
pervaporation vers, par exemple, un milieu de culture de plantes, ce qui permet de réguler
l'humidité du milieu ou de collecter l'eau et de l'utiliser en tant qu'eau purifié

A waste water filtration system vehicle capable of rapidly and efficiently recycling waste water from 1
plants without incineration treatment, comprising a vehicle traveling means having a prime mover and
a drive mechanism for traveling, a sucking means for taking in the waste water in a waste water
storage part as treated water, a filtration system formed of a charging filter device and a charging
coalescer type oil separator and filtrating the taken-in treated water, a power supply means for
supplying a drive power to the filtration system, a feedout means for returning the treated water
treated in the filtration system to the same or another storage parts of the plants, and a control means
for controlling the operation of the filtration system, characterized in that the charging filter device
applies a voltage across electrodes in the charging filter device by the drive power supplied from the
power supply means to promote the filtration of impurity particles, and the charging coalescer type oil
separator applies a voltage across the electrodes in the oil separator by the drive power supplied from
the power supply means to promote the separation of oil from wate

A photocatalyst water treating apparatus for decomposing organic substances and inorganic
substances in treated water (100) by utilizing a storage tank (11) capable of dissolving and peeling off
the scales of inorganic substances adhered to the storage tank for storing the treated water, pipes,
and the jackets of ultraviolet lamps without using any chemicals, comprising an apparatus body part
(2) disposed on the outside of the storage tank (11), a circulation route having a water intake pipe (8)
connected to the water intake side of the apparatus body part (2) and a delivery pipe (9) connected to
the delivery side of the apparatus body part (2), a pump (4) circulating the treated water (100), a filter
(5) installed in the apparatus body part (2), a photocatalyst treating means by photocatalyst carriers
(7) and the ultraviolet lamps (6) installed on the downstream side of the filter (5), and an electrode
part (3) installed in the storage tank (11). The treated water (100) is electrolyzed by energizing the
electrode part (3

A pure water production system capable of producing treated water having a low boron concentration 1
efficiently. Water to be treated is passed, at first, to an RO equipment (1), permeated water is passed
to a boron adsorber (2), water passed through the boron adsorber (2) and having boron removed
therefrom by adsorption is passed to an electric deionizer (3) and electrically deionized water is taken
out therefrom as treated water. Condensate from the electric deionizer (3) may be discarded or
returned to the upstream side of the RO equipment (1) through return piping (4) and added to the
water to be treated. An adsorbent for adsorbing boron selectively is suitably contained in the boron
adsorber (2
The present invention relates to an alkaline drinking water having a millivolt charge of between -400 1
and about -150 millivolts, and method of obtaining the same. The addition of silica to the water has
been found to maintain the charge for a greater period of time, than if no silica is added. The invention
also relates to an electrocratic colloidal complex extracted from peat, as well as a crossflow filter
having a fabric with a pore size of less than (3) microns.

A system and containers for water filtration and item sanitization are described herein. In one 1
embodiment, a water filtration device uses an extruded carbon sheet or granulated activated carbon
to filter unpurified, gravity-fed water. The device can be a stand-alone water container or incorporated
within a water purification system having a further purification technology located in a base in fluid
communication with the water container. Other sanitizing containers can be used with the base to
sanitize items while the water in the container is being sanitized. The base can include controls for
informing a user when the water filtration or item sanitization has been completed. A method of
sanitizing items is also disclosed. Practical applications include drinking water filtration, sanitization of
household items, medical equipment, and the lik

The invention relates to water conditioning and can be used for producing large cleaned water 1
volumes used for drinking, cooking, medicine and other similar human activities. The technical result
is achieved by the inventive streamline filter comprising a cylindrical body and a porous filtering
element which is made of a material having spatial globular structure (SGS) and coaxially arranged
with a gap in said body. In order to obtain a high performance and produce large clean water volumes
for a prolonged time period, said filtering element is mounted with a gap which enables water to flow
at a rate of 0.03-0.5 m/sec.$L'invention se rapporte au traitement de l'eau et peut s'utiliser pour
obtenir des quantités importantes d'eau purifiée destinée à être bue ou utilisée dans la
préparation de la nourriture, à des fins médicales et dans d'autres domaines de l'activité
humaine. Selon l'invention, un filtre d'écoulement direct comprend un corps cylindrique avec un
élément filtrant poreux installé coaxial avec un intervalle dans ledit corps; cet élément est fait
d'un matériau à structure spatiale et globulaire. Pour assurer une productivité élevée et
obtenir des quantités importantes d'eau purifiée pendant une période de temps prolongé,
l'élément filtrant est monté avec un intervalle assurant la circulation de l'eau filtrée à une
vitesse comprise entre 0,03 et 0,5 m/se

A method and corresponding apparatus employ purified water to backflush a filtration device. Purified 1
water includes water having a total dissolved solids reading less than that of the water being filtered.
Examples of purified water may include water treated using reverse osmosis, steam distillation, or
deionization processes, and the like. In the simplest form, the purified water is used to rinse or
backflush a filter or filter cartridge. Further extensions include valves to switch from a primary flowpath
used for normal operations to a secondary flowpath used to conduct backflushing routines.
Backflushing routines may be initiated on demand or through an automated routine that repeats the
process on a regular basi

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of water containing a contaminant, said
process comprising the steps of: (a) adding a sufficient quantity of hydrogen peroxide to the water;
and (b) radiating the water with ultraviolet rays during a sufficient time for allowing decomposition of
the contaminant until said treatment is achieve
The present invention relates to a membrane assembly for continuous electrodialytic desalination, 1
comprising at least one cation- and anion-exchange membranes, parallel to each other. The
membrane surfaces comprise a regular pattern of equal or different projections and/or recesses, at
least partially on the mutually facing sides or on both sides thereof in the area of the fluid flow, so that
the recesses form channels between the projections, the distance between said projections ranging
from 0.01 mm to 10 mm and the heights thereof ranging from 0.005 mm to 5 mm. The membranes
are partially in contact with each other, by means of the projections on the surfaces thereof, forming
corresponding contact points, so that a continuously-branching channel system is formed between the
contact points of the membranes, through which a diluate or concentrate flows, said diluate or
concentrate being regularly distributed perpendicular to the flow direction and continuously mixed.
Said invention also relates to an electrodialysis device provided with said membrane assembly, as
well as to a method for continuous electrodialytic desalination or complete desalinatio

The invention relates to a ceramic filter element (10), for water purification, whereby the element is 1
embodied as a tubular body, with at least one wall (11) and at least one through opening (12), running
the total length of the tubular body. The wall (11) is embodied as a functional layer, or as a support
with a functional coating and the water for filtration either flows by pressurising the outer surface (18),
thus flowing into the through opening (12), or the water for filtration flows by pressurising the inner
surface (17) of the through opening (12), thus flowing to the outer surface (18) of the ceramic filter
element (10). One end of the through opening (12) is sealed by means of a sealing screw (23),
arranged within the housing (20

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for having a integrated fluid media filtration 1
and membrane unit within the hull of a sea-bound vessel. The vessel's propulsion will drive the flow of
seawater into the media filtration and membrane unit. Multiple stages of the passing of seawater via
the membrane and/or a series of progressive membranes can be implemented to reduce the level of
sodium chloride present in seawater to desirable specification

A reprocessor having a circulation system for circulating a microbial deactivation fluid through a 1
chamber that forms a part of the circulation system. The reprocessor includes a water filtration system
for filtering water used in the reprocessor. The water filtration system includes a fluid feed line
connectable to a source of pressurized water. A first filter and second filter elements are disposed in
the fluid feed line for filtering fluids flowing therethrough. The second filter element is downstream
from the first filter element and has the capacity to filter particles smaller than the first filter element.
The fluid feed line forms a fluid path for water entering the reprocessor, and defines a portion of a
path for microbial deactivation fluid circulated through the circulation syste

A compact water purification apparatus (70) for purifying water from a municipal water supply prior to 1
a point of use has multiple water purification units (72, 74, 76, 78) that can include cartridge filters for
removing such as chlorine, rust and sediment, chlorine and heavy metal, dissolved iron and hydrogen
sulfide, chlorine and chloroform, lead, and sediment. Also connected in series is an ultraviolet light
source (80). A bypass conduit (18) connected in parallel with the water purification units and valves
(30, 32, 34) permits the water from the supply to flow directly to the point of us
An apparatus for consecutive sequential closed-circuit desalination of a salt water solution by reverse 1
osmosis having at least one circuit and a single container (CN), wherein the circuit includes at least
one RO module (M1) connected in paralle

The water treatment cartridge (10) is a cartridge adapted to fit into a conventional water filter housing 1
(110) to release a sanitizing dose of a water-treating chemical, and in particular chlorine dioxide, into
a water treatment system or unit process. The cartridge (10) is filled with a water treating media (38),
comprised preferably of a mixture of an inert filler material and a chemical composition that releases
chlorine dioxide on contact with water. The concentration of the chlorine dioxide released into the
water, as well as the duration of the release, may be varied by the selection of the filler material and
amount of the filler material in the water treating media (38

A water filter device (20) for treating untreated drinking water, wherein the water filter device (20) may 1
comprise a connector (22) for providing fluid communication between the water filter device (20) and
an untreated drinking water source. The water filter device (20) may comprise a low-pressure water
filter (26) for treating untreated drinking water, the water filter (26) may comprise a water filter
material. The water filter may comprise a F-BLR of greater than about 2 logs. The water filter (20)
device may comprise a storage housing (30) in fluid communication with the low-pressure water filter
(26). The water filter device may comprise an automatic shutoff valve for arresting the flow of treated
drinking water into the storage housing. The water filter device (20) may comprise a dispenser (36) for
dispensing treated drinking water from the storage housing (30) . The treated drinking may enter into
the storage housing (30) at the rate of at least about 5 mL/min until activating the automatic shutoff
valve, such that the flow of treated drinking water into the storage housing (30) is arrested. The water
filter device (20) may be a non-electric water filter devic
A crossflow filtration system including at least one quick dry change crossflow filtration cartridge 1
designed to rotatably interface with a manifold assembly. The quick dry change crossflow filtration
cartridge can comprise a membrane element, for example an ultrafiltration membrane, microfiltration
membrane, nanofiltration membrane or reverse osmosis membrane element enclosed within a
housing. The quick dry change cartridge includes an inlet stream, a permeate stream and a
concentrate stream. The manifold assembly includes three similar flow paths; an inlet stream, a
penneate stream and a concentrate stream. When engaged, the cartridge and manifold assembly
define continuous inlet flow paths, permeate flow paths and concentrate flow paths that connect
across the interface. Thus, all of the connections to the water filtration system can be made onto the
manifold, and the resulting connected system is compact and easy to connec

An embodiment is directed to a water treatment cartridge (20) for treating drinking water. The water 1
treatment cartridge (20) may comprise a housing (22), an inlet (24) for introducing water into the water
treatment cartridge, an outlet port for egress of water from the water treatment cartridge (20), and a
first treatment material. The first treatment material may have a core region. The water treatment
cartridge (20) also may have a second treatment material. The second treatment material may be
contained within the core region of the first treatment material, such that the first treatment material
and the second treatment material are in direct contact and direct communication. The second
treatment material may be a calcium source. The water treatment cartridge (20) also may have a
liquid-pervious retainer. The retainer may cap the outlet port and may extend into the second
treatment material. Water may enter the water treatment cartridge (20) via the inlet, the water may
then radially enter the first treatment material, then radially flow through the first treatment material,
then, at least a portion of the water may radially enter the second treatment material, then axially flow
through the second treatment material, then egress the water treatment cartridge (20) via the outlet
por

The present invention relates to a sterilization and purification apparatus. The apparatus comprises a
pair of fixed units (61, 62) that are spaced apart by a plurality of support rods (63); an introduction
pipe body (10) in which an inflow port (11) into which a treated water is introduced is formed, and an
exhaust port body (20) in which an exhaust port (21) from which purified water is exhausted is formed,
wherein the introduction pipe body (10) and the exhaust port body (20) are each disposed in the fixed
units (61, 62); a plurality of treatment chemical input valves (31, 32, 33) and (34) into which various
treatment chemicals ar inputted; an ultraviolet generating means (40) disposed between the
introduction pipe body (10) and the exhaust port body 820); and tube (50) that communicate with the
introduction pipe body (10) and the exhaust port body (20), wherein the tubes are disposed to wind
the ultraviolet generating means (40

A polymer of formula (I) wherein: R and R' are each independently selected from hydrogen, a hydroxyl
group, a carboxyl group, an alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group or a hydroxy - or carboxy substituted - alkyl,
aryl or alkaryl group provided that R and R' together have a total of less than 23 carbon atoms and n
is greater than 1; X is hydrogen or a cation or an alkyl group; one of R, R, R, R is a phosphonate or a
sulphonate group and the remainder of R, R, R, R are each independently selected from hydrogen,
alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxy or carboxy substituted alkyl, phosphonate or sulphonate
groups and a is from 1 to 5; R, R, R, R are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl,
alkaryl, hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxy or carboxy substituted alkyl or carboxy groups and b is from 5 to 200.
The polymer has uses in the fields of water treatment and corrosion inhibition.$L'invention concerne
un polymère de formule (I), dans laquelle R et R' sont chacun indépendamment choisis parmi
hydrogène, un groupe hydroxyle, un groupe carboxyle, un groupe alkyle, aryle ou alkaryle ou un
groupe alkyle, aryle ou alkylaryle à substitution hydroxy ou carboxy, à condition que R et R'
renferment ensemble un total d'atomes de carbone inférieur à 23 et que n soit plus grand que 1, X
est hydrogène ou un cation ou un groupe alkyle, l'un de R, R, R, R est un groupe phosphonate ou
sulfonate, les autres étant chacun indépendamment choisis parmi hydrogène, alkyle, aryle,
alkaryle, alcoxy, hydroxy, alkyle à substitution hydroxy ou carboxy et des groupes phosphonate ou
sulfonate, et a vaut entre 1 et 5, R, R, R et R sont chacun indépendamment choisis parmi
hydrogène, alkyle, aryle, alkaryle, hydroxy, alcoxy, alkyle à substitution hydroxy ou carboxy ou des
groupes carboxy, et b vaut entre 5 et 200. Ce polymère peut être utilisé dans le traitement de
l'eau et l'inhibition de la corrosio
Of the type used as a water reservoir for residences and establishments in general. It is equipped with
an access lid (2) and support base (3), as well as intake (4) and outflow (5) ducts and their respective
valves (6); the said reservoir (1) is self-cleaning and purifies the water since the materials used in
construction of the reservoir includes fiberglass walls (7) covered internally (T) by a coat of polyester
resin (8), Gel Coat (9), ultraviolet (10) and silver colloid (11); the external surface (T1) of the reservoir
walls has a series of tablet-like magnets (12), distributed in such a way as to create a magnetic field in
the interior of the reservoir; the said reservoir (1) is equipped with a dechlorination unit (13) installed
in the water intake pipe (4) connected to the general supply network; the support base (3) of the
reservoir has a dirt collector (14), equipped with a water runoff valve (15) connected to the flush valve
of a toilet (V); the water outflow system uses pipes that are independent (16) of the collector 814),
making it possible to distribute treated water into the local supply networ

A method for removing oil and fat from stickwater in a feed and bleed filter loop comprising a filter (2), 1
a circulation pump (4) and circulation pipes (6, 8), wherein the stickwater is circulated through a UF-
filter (2), the filter material thereof having a wetting angle for water which is less than 20 degree

Methods of enhancing performance of a semi-permeable filtration membrane such as a polyamide 1

R.O. membrane. A water soluble polymer is brought into contact with the membrane structure and is
characterized by the Formula 1 wherein E is a repeat unit remaining after polymerization of an
ethylenically unsaturated monomer or mixtures thereof; R1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; R2 is C1-C6
alkyl, C1-C6 alkylene, di-hydroxy substituted C1-C6 alkyl, di-hydroxy substituted C1 C6 alkylene, aryl,
or mixtures thereof; n is 0 to about 100; R3 is OH, SO3Z OSO3Z, PO3Z2, OPO3Z2, CO2Z, or
mixtures thereof, Z is hydrogen or a watersoluble cation; and the mole ratio c:d ranges from about
30:1 to 1:20 respectivel

A system for producing drinking water includes an air-condensing device for generating water by 1
condensing moisture contained in air, the air condensing device being disposed in a first case, a
purifying part for filtering off impurities contained in the water generated by the air condensing means,
the purifying part being disposed in a second case and connected to the air condensing device
through a tube, and a water supply part for supplying the water purified by the purifying part to a user.
The air condensing device and the water supply part are disposed in separated sets disposed at a
difference plac

An external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module, comprising a hollow fiber membrane 1
bundle formed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, a housing, and an inlet/outlet nozzle for fluid,
wherein hollow fiber membranes are fixedly adhered to each other and the hollow fiber membranes
are fixedly adhered to the inner wall of the housing at both ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle.
The hollow part at one or both side adhesively fixed ends is opened, and the inlet/outlet nozzle for
fluid is installed at the side face of the housing at least at one adhesively fixed end in which the hollow
part is opened. Where the membrane occupied rates of the nozzle in a neighboring area (A) and a
non-neighboring area (B) among membrane chargeable areas on the inside of the adhesively fixed
part at at least one adhesively fixed end positioned near the nozzle and where the hollow part is
opened are PA and PB, the ratio of the membrane occupied rates PB/PA is 0.50 to 0.9
A method is provided for the continuous production of treated waters using a staged, tapered array 1
membrane plant by a process of process-logic-controlled (PLC) stage or stage increment isolation
and removal from service, washing and return-toservice concurrent with the continued operation of all
other stages and/or stage increments of the plant. Specifically, there are plant mounted input/output
sensors that supply the PLC with the data required to identify the location and degree of ""fouling"" of
the individual stages or stage increments of a tapered array membranevater treatment plant, where
fouling is defined as a loss of water flow through a membrane surface at a given pressure when
compared to a water flow standard for the surface. When a stage or stage increment of a plant is
defined by this process to be ""fouled,"" the PLC commands the initiation of a sequence of automated
valve openings and closings to a) remove the fouled stage or stage increment from feed water
treatment service, b) to flush and wash the stage or stage increment, and c) to return the stage or
stage increment to feed water treatment service. Optionally the PLC function can be extended to
include the monitoring and control of ancillary valves and a variablefrequency-drive feed water pump
to command the parts of a plant that remain on-line during the process of a stage or stage increment
wash to continue to produce more, or less, or volumetrically identical amounts of membrane water
treatment process permeate by combinations of valve resettings, pump speed adjustments, and
stage-to-stage intermediate water diversio

A water purifying device capable of prompting the purification of water quality, introduction of
antimicrobial action, and cultivation of animals and plants by efficiently developing far infrared
radiation effects. The device comprises ceramics lumpy materials and granular materials (5) to which
far infrared and wave energy are transferred, a filling part (6) in which these materials are filled, and a
pump (2) sucking water, force-feeding the water to the filling part (6), passing the water through the
ceramics lumpy materials and the granular materials (5), and then discharging the water again.$Cette
invention concerne un dispositif de purification d'eau capable d'améliorer la qualité de l'eau,
d'introduire une action antimicrobienne, et de cultiver des animaux et des plantes par une
développement efficace des effets du rayonnement infrarouge. Ce dispositif comprend des
matériaux en fragments de céramique et des matériaux granulaires (5) auxquels sont
transférées l'énergie du rayonnement infrarouge lointain et l'énergie des vagues, une partie de
remplissage (6) abritant ces matériaux, et une pompe (2) qui aspire l'eau et alimente à force la
partie de remplissage (6). L'eau aspirée traverse les matériaux en fragment de céramique et les
matériaux granulaires avant d'être évacué dans l'eau dont elle provie

The device is a submerged ultra filtration membrane having capillaries that are packed in porous, 1
supporting sleeves, which restricts possible damaging movements. An advantage of this is that the
membranes may be more tightly packed. The outer side of the device can be kept clean by air scour
and the inner capillaries by backwash and/or chemical cleaning. The device can typically be used in
applications like the membrane bioreactor for the production of clean water from waste streams or
river

A compact inline filtering and sterilization system (10) for liquids such as water for residential, 1
commercial, hospital, laboratory, pharmaceutical, and other industrial use utilizes standard media
filtration coupled with pulsed white light to sterilize. The unit uses a flow meter (60) at the inlet (20) to
detect the flow of the liquid, and directs the untreated liquid first through a filter cartridge (40), and
then through a pathway (36) to be sterilized before exiting the devic

Water-injected screw-type compressor composed of a compressor element (2) with a housing (3) in 1
which are provided rotors (4) mounted in bearings (6); an outlet line (11) with an air receiver (12), a
water circuit with a lubrication pipe (19) which is connected to the air receiver (12) and which opens
into the housing (3) and at the bearings (6), characterised in that the water circuit (19) is connected to
an external water supply (29) b y means of a device (26) for the water treatment via reverse osmosis,
in that an absolute water filter (24) is incorporated in the above-mentioned lubrication pipe (11), in that
means are provided to prevent the growth of micro-organisms in the water and in that means are
provided to automatically keep the water level in the air receiver (12) at leve
A method capable of determining with high precision the amount of supply liquid fed in the preparation 1
of a solution usable as a cleaning water or the like through feeding of a minute amount of chemical
liquid or the like to ultrapure water or the like. There is provided a method of liquid feeding for
preparation of a solution through feeding of a supply liquid to a main fluid circulating through main
fluid circulation pipe (2), wherein using liquid feeding apparatus (1) including supply part (3) for
delivery of a supply liquid and supply liquid circulation pipe of 0.01 to 1 mm inside diameter (4) for
effecting flow of the supply liquid from the supply part (3) toward the main fluid circulation pipe (2)
therefor method of liquid feeding and apparatus therefor, in the feeding of the supply liquid from the
supply part (3) via the supply liquid circulation pipe (4) to the main fluid circulation pipe (2), the
pressure of supply liquid in supply part (3), P1, and the pressure of main fluid in main fluid circulation
pipe (2), P2, satisfy the relationship of the inequality: P1-P2 >

A liquid treatment plant has sets of membrane trains and processing trains with flow between them 1
through channels. Means of withdrawing permeate and sludge from the trains are described. Cyclic
aeration is provided to the membrane trains. Methods of foam control, backwashing and chemical
cleaning are described. Single membrane trains or process trains may be isolated for various
functions. An isolated membrane train may be used to thicken sludg

A manually operated water purifying device which includes a manually moveable operating member
that pumps unpurified water into a conduit where it is exposed to purification by an electrically
operated UV-C lamp and then dispensed from a portable container, and the UV-C lamp is energized
by an electric generator that is also driven by a manually moveable operating membe

A hollow fiber membrane module enabling the efficient contact of microorganism on the surface of a 1
membrane with a gas and having excellent durability, a hollow fiber membrane module unit using the
hollow fiber membrane module, and a water treatment method using the module and the module unit.
The hollow fiber membrane module is formed in such a manner that the end parts of sheet-like hollow
fiber membranes are fixed with fixing members, the end faces of the fixing members on the hollow
fiber membrane exposed sides are formed in a generally rectangular shape, and the end faces
thereof on the hollow fiber membrane-free side is formed in a generally circular shape. The hollow
fiber membrane module unit is formed in such a manner that the plurality of modules are disposed.
The water treatment method is used to purify a treated water by the microorganism adhered onto the
outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes by using the module or the uni

A water or wastewater treatment method includes the steps of providing an Fe source, the Fe source
including an Fe salt or relatively high surface area Fe metal arrangement, such as a volume of Fe
filings, steel wool, or Fe nanoparticles. The Fe source is contacted with influent water including at
least one contaminant or chelating agent bound contaminant in the presence of an oxygen comprising
gas flow, such as air. The outlet flow following the contacting step provides a reduction in a
concentration of the contaminant and/or chelating agent from its level in the influent through oxidation
of the contaminant or precipitation, co-precipitation, or reduction to metal form of the contaminant with
the Fe source to form a metal sludge. The method can include a separating step including
sedimentation or filtration of the transition metal sludge from the outlet flo

The present invention relates to an improvised membrane-based device for speedier and effective 1
concentrating of aqueous solution upto about 95%, as shown in figure nos. 1-4, a method of
manufacturing an improved membrane-based device for speedier and effective concentrating of
aqueous solution upto 95%, and also, an improved process of speedier and effective concentrating of
the aqueous solution upto about 95% using the aforementioned membrane-based device, said
process comprising steps of feeding the aqueous solution into the aqueous solution container, filtering
the fed solution to remove suspended particles, passing the resultant filtered solution into a
membrane module, segregating permeate and concentrate in the membrane module, and recycling
the concentrate multiple times to obtain the highly concentrated final concentrat
The present invention discloses a submerged hollow fiber membrane module which is of such a 1
structure that it is easy to expand a module processing capability according to a treatment capacity,
provides convenient module coupling properties and module manufacturing properties, maintains a
stable flux under an efficient air diffusion condition and prevents the damage of membranes and water
leakage caused by the loosening of module connecting regions. The submerged hollow fiber
membrane module comprises [I] two module headers (2 and 2') having a filtrate water collecting
portion (3) for collecting filtrate water filtered through hollow fiber membranes and a filtrate water
outlet (7), [II] an air diffusion unit 8 consisting of support tubes (9 and 9') fixing the two module
headers (2 and 2') while keeping them spaced a predetermined distance and air diffusion tubes (11
and 11') having air diffusion holes (13), and [III] a bundle of hollow fiber membranes (1) having both
opposite ends fixed to the insides of the module headers (2 and 2') by an adhesive (6) so as to form a
water collecting space within the module headers (2 and 2'), the ends (5) of the hollow portions of the
hollow fiber (20) membranes being opened and disposed in parallel to a filtrate water discharge
surface (4

A beverage supplying device of construction in which a first branch tube (P2) and a second branch 1
tube (P3) are connected to a water supply tube (P1) with city water flowing therethrough, the first
branch tube (P2) having a cold water producing tank (3) placed therein, and the second branch tube
(P3) being provided with an ion exchange device (4) and a hot water producing tank (5). When city
water is flowed through the first branch tube (P2), cold water is produced in the cold water producing
tank (3). Further, when city water is flowed through the second branch tube (P3), the city water is
softened by the ion exchange device (4) and is further heated in the hot water producing tank (5).
Therefore, it is possible to supply not only cold water but also hot water having mineral components
remove

The invention relates to a device for treating water, comprising a first chamber containing water with 1
an increased normality, a second chamber containing water to be treated, said second chamber being
coupled to the first chamber by means of a waterproof membrane and a third chamber for treated
water, said chamber being coupled to the second chamber by means of a semi-permeable
membrane. The invention also relates to a method for treating water. According to said method,
starting in the first chamber of the device, containing water with an increased normality, pressure is
exerted on the waterproof membrane, which couples the first chamber to the second chamber
containing water to be treated, in such a way that the latter is forced through the semi-permeable
membrane into the third chamber for treated water. The aim of the invention is to provide a device and
a method of the aforementioned type, which operate in a highly efficient manner, independently of the
type of water to be treated and which are also suitable for mobile applications. To achieve this, the
waterproof membrane in the inventive device is configured as a bag, which consists of a flexible
material and during use extends at least partially into the volume of the first chamber. In addition, the
inventive method discloses that the bag-type waterproof membrane is introduced into the first
chamber in such a way that the pressure of the salt water in said first chamber forces the bag-type
membrane towards the second chambe
A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of 1
any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point of entry coming from a water source,
such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water
treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before
delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a reservoir system in
line with an electrochemical device. The electrochemical device of the water treatment system is
operated at a low current and low flow rate to minimize water splitting or polarization, which minimizes
scale formatio

Disclosed herein is the apparatus for manufacturing drinking water using seawater where a reverse 1
osmosis treatment is performed after an ozone and magnetizing treatment. The apparatus comprises
a seawater storage tank 1, an ozone generator 2, a turbulent turbine pump 3, an ejector 4, a reaction
dissolving device 5, a multi-layered filter 6, an active carbon filter 7, a precision filter 10, and a reverse
osmosis membrane filter 12. The reaction-dissolving device 5 is formed of a cylindrical outer wall 41,
an inner wall 42, and an intermediate wall 43. A method of manufacturing drinking water using the
apparatus is also disclosed. The method comprises steps of mixing seawater with ozone generated
by an ozone generator 2 using a turbulent turbine pump 3 and an ejector 4, magnetizing the seawater
mixed with ozone by exerting a magnetic force, filtering the magnetized seawater through a multi-
layered filter 6, an active carbon filter 7, and a precision filter 10 to thereby remove contaminants from
the magnetized seawater, and treating the filtered seawater using a reverse osmosis membrane filter
12, to thereby produce drinking wate

The invention relates to devices for carrying out processes of membrane separation of solutions and 1
suspensions and can be used for treating sewage waters, cleaning potable water form underground
and surface water sources and for concentrating solutions in the chemical, food and other industries.
Said invention makes it possible to increase the performance and service life of a membrane
apparatus. The inventive membrane device comprises connected by pipelines an initial solution
container (1), an injection pump (2), a pumped-hydrostorage reservoir (3), a membrane apparatus (4),
a regeneration unit (5) provided with a recirculation line and a range of shut-off-and-regulating valves.
The novelty of the invention lies in that the inventive device is additionally provided with a bactericide
filter (6) arranged upstream of the initial solution container, a pressure controller (7) disposed between
the pumped-hydrostorage reservoir and the membrane apparatus, an additional pump (8) mounted
on the pipeline for discharging a permeate. In addition, the body of the membrane apparatus
comprises a carbon fibre layer which is impregnated with an epoxide resin and arranged on the
external side thereof and the regeneration unit of the membrane element is provided with a vibrator
placed on the end surface of the membrane apparatus body on the side of the permeate discharg
A filtration system is provided with hollow membrane filter elements operable to remove solids, 1
particulate and colloidal matter from a process fluid. Acoustic, vibration and ultrasonic energy may be
used to clean exterior portions of the hollow membrane filter elements to allow substantially
continuous filtration of process fluids. The filtration system may be satisfactorily used with process
fluids having a relatively high concentrations of solids, particulate and colloidal matte

A process is provided for purifying water containing soluble species capable of forming one or more 1
sparingly soluble salts or minerals, comprising feeding a pressurized water stream into a treatment
zone (2) having one or more membranes (M), passing the stream along the membranes (M) to
recover permeate (4) and concentrate (3), while periodically reversing the flow direction at periods of
time to prevent exposing the membranes (M) to supersaturation condition, thus preventing
precipitation of the salts and mineral

Methods are provided for increasing the recovery rate in systems (Fig.2) for treating high salinity 1
boron-containing liquids, such as seawater, to reduce salinity and boron concentration. The methods
involve applying multi-pass reverse osmosis (1, 2), combined with partial ion exchange processing
utilizing a boron specific resin, for reducing the capital and operating costs of desalination system

The present invention discloses a submerged hollow fiber membrane module which has a high 1
reliability because it is adaptable on a small installation area, makes it easier couple and manufacture
the module, and keeps a flux stably and prevents a membrane damage even in a strong air diffusion
condition. The submerged hollow fiber membrane module comprises [I] a module upper header (4)
having a filtrate water collecting portion (2) for collecting filtrate water filtered through hollow fiber
membranes and a filtrate water outlet (3), [II] a module lower header (7) having an air injection port (5)
and a plurality of air passages (6) which air injected through the air injection port (5) passes through
and is ejected toward hollow fiber membranes (1), [III] a support pipe (9) whose both opposite ends
are fixed in a buried state to the center of the module headers (4) and (7) by an adhesive (8) and fixes
the two module headers (4) and (7) while keeping a predetermined distance between them, and [IV] a
bundle of hollow fiber membranes (1) whose one ends are fixed to the inside of the module upper
header (4) by an adhesive (8) with the ends (10) of hollow portions of the hollow fiber membranes
being opened of the module lower header (7) by the adhesive (8

An integrated and modular infrastructure resource system (IRS) is herein described. The IRS includes
one or more infrastructure modules adapted to fulfill a given infrastructure needs such as electrical
power, communications, water purification, and air filtration. The IRS may be controlled locally by a
control module coupled to the infrastructure modules by a power bus and a control bus or remotely by
a remote control-panel that communicates with the IRS by means of a communications module that
includes a two-way communications device. The power bus and control bus act to network all of the
provided infrastructure modules into an integrated system. Maintenance and logistics for a plurality of
IRS's may be managed remotely by a single remote control pane
A method of purifying water or wastewater that comprises the steps of adding a treatment agent to the
water, passing the water through a mixing zone, and passing the water through a foam fractionation
zone to provide purified water. The water or wastewater can be any type of water found in sewage
pipes or any water discharged from domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or aquaculture (fresh
or marine) processes, or groundwater, bore water and reservoir water. A system for purifying water,
the system including a mixing zone comprising one or more mixing columns for mixing the water with
a treatment agent and a foam fractionation zone for purifying the water, the foam fractionation zone in
liquid communication with the mixing zone. A foam fractionation column comprising a column body,
column base, a first water inlet located around the top of the column body, a second water inlet
located in the column base and including gas injecting means for introducing gas into said second
water inlet, a water outlet located in the column base, a foam formation zone located at the top of the
fractionating column above the first water inlet; and a foam compression zone located above the foam
formation zone comprising a frusto-conical section and a foam outlet; wherein the length of the
column body is between 150-200% greater than the length of the column base; the diameter of the
column base is at least 50% larger than the diameter of the column body; and the base and body of
the column are interconnected by a frusto-conical section, the edges of the frusto-conical section
sloped at 45-80 degree

The invention features integrated membrane assemblies for selectively transferring a constituent to or 1
from a fluid. The assemblies include two or more flat sheet membrane elements and at least one
common manifold connected to the interior regions of the membrane element

A system for enhancing water is described. The system includes a housing with an inlet and an outlet, 1
source water at the inlet, which can flow through a filter component in the housing and thus become
treated water, and at least one enhancement module that can dispense an enhancement into the
treated water as it flows through the outlet. Water can flow through the system only by the force of
gravity, pressure in a building's water line, and/or hand pumps. Enhancement that can be used in the
system include flavorings, dyes, minerals, vitamins, herbal supplements, nutritional supplements,
phytonutrients, probiotics, homeopathic remedies, amino acids, enzymes, hormones, standard
prescription medications, and over-the-counter medications, and combinations thereof. A control is
also provided, through which a consumer can regulate an amount of enhancement that is added to
the treated wate

A method and system for treating a fluid containing entrained cementitious particles involves drawing 1
the fluid from a storage location (52), pre-filtering the fluid, dividing the pre-filtered fluid into a flow of
permeate and a flow of bypass by passing said pre-filtered fluid through a tangential flow filter (78,
80). The permeate flow is fluid that has passed through a polymeric membrane filter media disposed
in the tangential flow filter, while the bypass flow is flow exiting said tangential flow filter without
passing through said membrane filter media. The system and method also includes a pH probe (140)
for testing the pH of the filtrate, and a metering pump (114) operated by a controller (150) which
injects a neutralizing agent into the filtrate to reduce the alkalinity of the filtrate before discharg

An in situ desalination apparatus comprising a reverse osmosis unit (15) having a reverse osmosis 1
medium, the reverse osmosis unit in use to be located within a body of water under ambient bio-
physico-chemical conditions often different from those at the surface, the unit having an inlet (17)
opening to one side of the reverse osmosis medium, in use the inlet to be located below the upper
surface of a body of water, the unit having a concentrate outlet (25) opening to the one side of the
reverse osmosis medium and opening into the exterior of the unit at a position spaced below the inlet
to return concentrate into the water body, the unit having a permeate outlet (27) opening to the other
side of the reverse osmosis medium, the permeate outlet communicating with a delivery line
extending from the body of water, a pump (23) between body of water and the reverse osmosis unit
and adapted to pressurise the water located at the one side of the reverse osmosis mediu
An apparatus (1) and a method for purifying water make use of an ozone reaction chamber (11) for 1
pre-treatment of the water with ozone (O) followed by an activated carbon filter (51) for pretreatment
of the water prior to filtration with a submicron membrane filter (55). In a second embodiment, the raw
water to be treated is first passed through a first active carbon filter (6), ozone-treated and passed
through a second active carbon filter (51). The water treated in this manner is then filtered in the
submicron membrane filte

An electrolytic water purification system and method use provides a water filtration device with a 1
plurality of electrolytic cells having anodes and cathodes specifically selected to remove contaminants
from water. The device is capable of efficiently removing nearly all contaminants from water and is
also capable of purifying the water by destroying micro-organisms which are in the water. Many
minerals are removed from the purified water, and it is not necessary to add chemicals to the water
during or after the purification proces

The invention relates to a method for treating fluids, in particular waste waters involving 1
coagulation/flocculation, clarification by filtration or flotation stages and a stage of filtration through
micro-, ultra, and nanomembranes or of hyperfiltration. The inventive method consists in injecting two
times several coagulating reagents in a quantity ranging from 75 to 125 % of an optimal coagulation
dose or a dose cancelling a Zeta potential (pz) in an area (area n DEG 1) situated upstream of the
clarification stage (2) and from 0.1 to 25 % of an optimal dose cancelling the pz in a second area
(area n DEG 2) situated upstream of the stage of membrane filtration (4

A water purification unit is described having a number of sub-assemblies arranged in a more or less 1
modular arrangement including a compression unit and a sterilization unit. The water purification unit
is operated at a throughput rate less than the maximum throughput rate so that the flow rate of raw
water being treated by the water purification unit is as at a predetermined in order to reduce the
effects of blinding of the filter. The sterilization rate is calculated in accordance with the predetermined
first flow rate so that the dosage rate of sterilization agent remains substantially constant thereby
avoiding fluctuations in the dosage rate so that the treated water has an amount of sterilizing agent
within a predetermined rang

High-flow, low-pressure ultrafiltration or microfiltration spiral wound membrane cartridges (4) are 1
designed for use in submerged water filtration applications. Air (5) is bubbled up through the cartridge
to scour and maintain clean membrane surfaces (21). Such a spiral wound membrane cartridge
designed for high-flow, low-pressure, submerged operation may utilize either vacuum or static liquid
head for drive pressure. By minimizing parasitic pressure losses within the cartridges, water permeate
flux rates as high as 90 gallons per square foot per day (gfd) can be obtained at net drive pressures
below 10 pounds per square inch. The use of air-scouring, where air is bubbled up through
passageways between active membrane surfaces from distributors (16) located below the cartridge,
has been found to be surprisingly effective to remove accumulated solids and maintain a clean
membrane surface; it allows high flux operation for extended periods between chemical cleanings
when operated at a net driving pressure of 1 psi or even as low as 0.5 ps

A method for treating a raw water containing a hardly decomposable substance, which comprises the 1
following steps: a step (B) of adding an adsorbing agent to a raw water containing a hardly
decomposable substance (a raw water to be treated) to allow said adsorbing agent to adsorb the
hardly decomposable substance (an adsorption treatment step), a step (C) of separating a permeated
liquid by the use of a filtration film, to concentrate the adsorbing agent having absorbed said hardly
decomposable substance (a film filtration treatment step), and (D) a step of chemically decomposing
the hardly decomposable substance being adsorbed in the concentrated adsorbing agent by a
peroxide, without the operation for desorption from said adsorbing agent (a chemical decomposition
step), and, by the above steps, concentrates hardly decomposable substances such as dioxins
contained in a contaminated water (the raw water to be treated) and converts the hardly
decomposable substances to harmless substances. The above method can be applied also to a raw
water containing a reducing substance such as a hydrogensulfite for neutralizing free chlorine, the
application thereof is not limited by the properties of hardly decomposable substances being
contained, and also it allows conversion of hardly decomposable substances to harmless ones with
good efficiency at a low cos
The invention relates to a device for disinfecting water by ultraviolet radiation, comprising at least two
discharge lamps (2,3) which are linked by electric wires (5a,5b) to supply means comprising means
for preheating and lighting said lamps and means ensuring the normal operation thereof. The
invention is characterized in that at least one of the electric components (4a,4b) of the preheating
means is provided in the immediate vicinity of said lamps and in that the other components of the
supply means are provided at a distance therefro

A brine recycling process forms a part of a water softening system. The water softening system has a 1
brine tank (43) for receiving brine solution that has passed through the softening tank (19) of the
system, preferably using pump (5), to remove hardness ions adsorbed on the resin regenerating tank
(19). The brine solution is forced from tank (43) through a nanofilter (25) that selectively passes brine
ions and not hardness ions. The liquid passed through nanofilter (25) is returned to the brine tank
(23), with other liquid being directed to drai

Water is initially oxidized and disinfected with the first agent added in an amount of 10 to 100 ppm,
followed by mechanical filtration and the purification process on filtration columns connected in series.
The first column is used to carry out a removal of iron and manganese with the residual mechanical
impurities. The second column with a porous cation exchange resin is used to carry out a removal of
calcium Ca and magnesium Mg, ammonia and heavy metals. The third column with a porous cation
exchange resin is used to carry out a removal of heavy metals and the rest of cations. The fourth
column with a blend of anion exchange resins is used to carry out a removal of remaining organic
contaminants, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and other anions. The purified water is admixed with a
second agent with a remineralizating activity in an amount sufficient to reach potable water hardness
of 60 to 100 ppm CaCO3; followed by passing water through an activated carbon bed to remove any
remaining organic impurities and reagents from the purification steps; and optionally disinfection of
water with a UV source. The invention provides also a device for carrying out the metho

A portable system is provided in one embodiment that combines stages of water purification to 1
produce sterile pyrogen free water for injection. It also adds NaCl to the purified water to produce
sterile and pyrogen free saline for injection in a relatively compact and mobile delivery package. The
solution produced is then bagged via suitable bagging equipment. Various methods are also provided
to deareate the solution, ensure its stability and to disinfect the solution between uses and prior to
use. The systems and methods in one embodiment produce on-line saline of less than 0 cfu and less
than 0.03 EU/ml, while meeting acceptable levels of other chemical contaminants, heavy metals and
organics.$L'invention concerne, dans une forme de réalisation, un système portatif qui comporte
des étages combinés de purification d'eau permettant de produire de l'eau stérile exempte de
matière pyrogène pour injection. Le système permet aussi d'ajouter du NaCl à l'eau purifiée
pour produire une solution saline stérile exempte de matière pyrogène pour injection, dans un
conditionnement relativement compact et facile à transporter. La solution produite est ensuite mise
en sachets à l'aide d'un équipement d'ensachage approprié. Divers procédés permettent
aussi de désaérer la solution, d'assurer sa stabilité et de désinfecter la solution avant
utilisation et entre deux utilisations. Une forme et un mode de réalisation concernent des systèmes
et des procédés permettant de produire en continu une solution saline qui présente 0 CFU et
moins de 0,03 EU/ml, et des taux acceptables d'autres contaminants chimiques, métaux lourds et
matières organique
The invention concerns a multi-purpose operating unit for the combined production of electric power 1
and desalinated water. For this purpose an internal-combustion engine (2) operates an electric
generator (10), two pumps (17, 33) for conveying water coming from the outside to osmotic
membranes (8, 9): along the water flow path between the first and the second pump (17, 33) the flow
is split up so as to maintain predefined pressure conditions at the intake of the second pump (33).
This ensures uniform operation of the latter even when there is variation in the number of revolutions
of the engin

The present invention pertains to an apparatus and method for treating a solution of high osmotic 1
strength, especially seawater and solutions of greater than 20 bar osmotic pressure, by passing the
solution through a vessel containing spiral wound reverse osmosis or nanofiltration elements. The
vessel contains at least three elements in series and at least two of these elements have standard
specific fluxed that differ by at least 50%. The invention allows a more even flux distribution within a
filtration system to be obtained, and it may advantageously be combined with variations en element
construction and feed spacer

A process and apparatus is described for filtering water with immersed membranes. In a batch 1
process, permeate is withdrawn while the flow of feed is reduced or stopped at the end of a
permeation cycle. The water level is reduced to a level where a portion of the membranes are
exposed to air before draining the tank. In this or another process, the level of liquid is reduced to
correspond with an area of the membrane fibers having an accumulation of solids. Aeration is
provided for a period of time with the liquid at this level to dislodge at least a portion of the solids from
the membranes. In these or other processes, the tank is partially drained between cycles to
deconcentrate the tank, aeration is provided during backwashing and intermittently while permeating,
and/or retentate is withdrawn from the tank during a portion of a permeation ste

A method and apparatus for separating particles and dissolved matter from a fluid stream 1
incorporated in an aircraft rinse system. The present invention includes a first pressure source which
transports collected rinse fluid into a separator annulus with a filter element disposed therein. The
untreated fluid is placed under appropriate pressure sufficient to produce turbulent flow, increased
particle kinetics and/or cavitation physics allowing the desired fluid to penetrate and pass into and
through the filter media. The filtered fluid is then transported to a collection tank. The contaminant
particulate matter retained on the exterior of the filter media may be removed by the instantenous
reverse pressurization of the separator annulus by a second pressure source thereby removing the
contaminant particles away from contact with the filter media, and which may then be transported to a
waste collection tank or a concentrator for further treatment. The treated rinse fluid is thus recycled for
use in the aircraft rinse syste

An apparatus for effectively filtering and separating fine floc, algae, suspended solids, etc. remaining 1
in water after biological and physiochemical treatment is provided. The fine filtering apparatus
includes flexible fibers that control packing density, thus improving filtration efficiency, the amount of
clarified water, and filtering duration, and reducing power consumption compared to a conventional
filtering apparatus is provided. In the filtering apparatus, flexible fibers having an effective diameter of
1 to 60 mum and which are flexible, elastic, and have proper surface roughness extend in the
longitudinal direction of the apparatus. A jacket shaped unit for supplying source water (supplied
water) has a porous structure. Clarified water (treated water) is discharged through a central porous
chamber. The whole filter media layer can be utilized as a particle-entrapping spac
Disclosed is a device for purifying water, comprising a pan, a filter cartridge which contains purifying 1
material which can be inserted into the pan and a vessel which is used to receive the pan and receive
purified water which is poured therein and which passes through the filter cartridge when the pan
which is provided with a filter cartridge is inserted. An electronic display, which can be connected to an
electric battery, is provided. Said display produces an externally recognizable sign for replacing the
purifying material with new, non-charged purifying material. The display comprises an intelligent,
electronic component (9) having a storage function, said component being able to be connected to
the battery (10). An electric element (12), independent from the position of the vessel, is arranged in
an electric circuit containing the battery (10). When the vessel is arranged with a vertical axis, said
electric element is ineffective. When the vessel is tilted and the axis (A2) thereof has a predefined
minimum inclination, the electric element provides an electric variable which can be detected by the
electronic component (9). The electronic component (9) provides a variable which is proportional to
the amount of water which is discharged from the vessel when it is poured out and the display is fitted
with a see-through vision panel which can be recognized from the outside, wherein added amounts of
purified water poured out of the vessel are displayed as numeric values upon utilization of the vessel
which is fitted with a new filter cartridge full of purifying materia

A membrane purification system and method are described in which a first membrane, an osmotically 1
active agent, and a second membrane are utilized to separate fluid components. In general, fluid is
moved through the first membrane into an osmosis compartment (210) containing the osmotically
active agent by the osmotic force of an osmotically active agent disposed between the first membrane
and the second membrane. The fluid is forced from the osmotically active agent and through the
second membrane while the second membrane retains the osmotically active agent in the osmosis
compartment (210). The osmotically active agent may include a polyme

A system (100, 200, 300) and method for the on-demand on-line treatment of water is disclosed. The
system (100, 200, 300) uses ultra high energy UV light coupled with the introduction of a strong
oxidant to induce photo-catalytic degradation of chemical compounds and biocidal activity. When an
agent or substance is detected in the water the treatment system (100, 200, 300) would be activate

A system for upgrading raw water using a filter, for eliminating intrinsic factors of such water. 1
Optionally the system includes a device for facilitating sustained release of extrinsic factors supplied
by one or more capsules. Optionally the system includes also a dosing device for prolonging the
constant supply of extrinsic factors to the drinking water to a period of time beyond that which is
facilitated by one capsule laden with the factors. The filter of the system forces the gravitationally
trickling raw water to meander through a path in which it reacts with a set of reactants. Upgraded after
having passed through the filter, the water is collected and made available for dispensing through a
spout. Optionally, one or more capsules laden with health promoting, nutritive, remedies or other
beneficial factors are added to the upgraded water. A number of techniques for facilitating a
substantially constant addition of vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial chemicals is describe

A method of purifying impure water contaminated with a filterable impurity and a dissolved impurity, 1
such as seawater, comprising the steps of: providing impure water to a primary microfiltration or
ultrafiltration unit to remove the filterable impurity and produce impure filtered water contaminated with
a dissolved impurity; providing the impure filtered water contaminated with a dissolved impurity to a
reverse osmosis unit to produce a potable water stream and a residual reverse osmosis stream; and
treating the residual reverse osmosis stream prior to reuse. The treatment may be in the form of
passing through a secondary filter (such as another microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane or a
cartridge filter, and the subsequently treated reverse osmosis reject may be used to backwash the
microfiltration or ultrafiltration uni
A process for producing ship ballast water, comprising the microbe removal step of causing seawater 1
to pass through a microbe filtration membrane to thereby remove microbes from the seawater and the
back washing step of cleaning the microbe filtration membrane by back washing. Microbes of
seawater can be removed by a process other than that for annihilating the

The invention concerns carbon block filter media for use in gravity fed filters comprising powder 1
activated carbon (PAC) having a particle size distribution such that 95 wt% of the particles pass
through 50 mesh and not more than 13 % passes through 200 mesh, and a binder material having a
Melt Flow Rate (MFR) of less than 5 g/10 min. The invention also provides water filters and a process
for the preparation of a carbon block filter medium. The invention finally provides a process for the
purification of water whereby the water under the influence of gravity is passed first through a
washable or replaceable sediment filter for removing fine dust and other particulates above 3 µm and
thereafter through a carbon block filter medium comprising PAC and binder materia

To provide spacers for filter modules which have the advantages of open-channel technology and 1
which at the same time allow high packing densities, similar to those achieved with conventional spiral
wound-type modules. It is proposed that the spacer is disposed between two layers of a filter material
and comprises a sheet material having a gridlike structure, of which the upper and lower surfaces
define an upper and lower bearing face for the layers of filter material. Said sheet material consists of
a large number of webs interconnected at junction points, of which webs a first portion is disposed
parallel to a first preferred direction and a second portion is disposed parallel to a second preferred
direction intersecting said first preferred direction, and that at least some of the said webs have first
web regions, which extend to said upper and/or lower bearing face(s), and that at least a further
portion of said upper and lower bearing faces, said second web regions extending over substantially
the entire length of those web

The invention is related to a prediction method of membrane module permeation flux, which includes 1
the following steps: during the separation process of porous membrane, making determination
experiments with the porous membrane sample; making a prediction to the long-range permeation
flux of the really industrial membrane module with the data of the determination experiments. Among
them, the said determination experiments use a normal determination apparatus for the porous
membrane separation experiment, which is operated at the same temperature with that of the really
industrial apparatus, and the permeation flux of the porous membrane sample in different differential
pressures are determined, the said prediction is based on the permeation flux at the beginning of the
determination and during the preset time range of the determination. The said porous membrane can
be ultrafiltration membrane or microfiltration membrane, and the area of the said porous membrane
sample can be less 1 m. The invention can greatly reduce the difficulty of getting the needed
parameter in the porous membrane separation engineering design, remarkably shorten the necessary
time to finish the engineering design and reduce the cost of the design obviousl

A composition obtained by blending a vinylidene fluoride resin having improved crystallization 1

characteristics such as Tm2 minus Tc of 32°C or below wherein Tm2 is the melting point inherent in
the resin having a relatively high molecular weight and Tc is the crystallization temperature inherent
therein with a plasticizer for the vinylidene fluoride resin and a good solvent is melt-extruded into a
hollow-fiber membrane and the membrane is introduced into a cooling medium and thereby cooled
from the outside surface and then subjected to solidification, extraction of the plasticizer, and
stretching to give a porous membrane of vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber wherein coexistence of
oriented crystal portions and non-oriented crystal portions is ascertained by X-ray diffraction. The
obtained membrane has pores of suitable sizes and distribution and is excellent in mechanical
strengths such as tensile strength and elongation at break, thus being useful as precision water
filtration membran

There is disclosed a water treatment appliance, particularly for on-the-counter treatment of potable 1
water. The appliance comprises: a base unit comprising a pump, a housing and a cooling unit for
chilling water in the housing; a removable water reservoir engageable with the housing; a control
panel comprising a water dispensing switch;an outlet for dispensing treated water from the fluid
treatment system; and a treatment cartridge removably disposed in the housing. The treatment
cartridge comprises a first chamber and a second chamber in communication with one another. The
first chamber is in communication with the housing and has disposed therein a filter element. The
second chamber is in communication with the outlet and has disposed therein an ultraviolet radiation
lam
A computer designed nanoengineered membrane for separation of dissolved species. One 1
embodiment provides an apparatus for treatment of a fluid that includes ions comprising a
microengineered porous membrane, a system for producing an electrical charge across the
membrane, and a series of nanopores extending through the membrane. The nanopores have a pore
size such that when the fluid contacts the membrane, the nanopores will be in a condition of double
layer overlap and allow passage only of ions opposite to the electrical charge across the membran

The invention relates to a membrane filter for operating while submerged, with a frame (1), which can 1
be lowered into the liquid to be purified, and with modules (2) adjacently arranged in a row. The
modules (2) each have a base element (3) with a permeate collecting chamber (4), tubes (5) for a
fluid that are connected to both ends of the base element (3), and with hollow fiber membranes (6)
that, with an open end, are embedded in the base element (3). The hollow fiber membranes (6) are
closed at their other end and terminate inside the liquid to be purified without being fixed whereby
being able to freely move. The tubes (5) are vertically oriented and, at the top, are connected to a
collecting line. Fiber holding devices (7) for laterally guiding the hollow fiber membrane (6) are
fastened to the tubes (5). According to the invention, the fiber holding devices (7) are provided in the
form of U-shaped brackets that have a web (8) and limbs (9), which are located at the ends of the web
and can be fastened to the tubes (5), and these brackets surround the hollow fiber membranes (6) of
a module (2) on one side in the longitudinal direction and, due to a correspondingly large
dimensioned limb length, also surround the membranes at the ends in front of the tubes (8

The present invention relates to a water sterilizing purified apparatus using a photocatalyst according
to the present invention, wherein the apparatus comprises an inlet frame 110 having an inlet pipe 111
into which a polluted and waste water is flowed; an outlet frame 120 having an outlet pipe 121 from
which a purified water is discharged; a main tube 130 installed between the inlet frame 110 and the
outlet frame 120; a photocatalyst coating plate unit 140 having a plurality of coating plates which are
installed into the main tube 130 and have a photocatalyst coated thereon and being arranged to form
a flowing path of the polluted and waste water; and a ul¬ traviolet ray generating means 150 for
irradiating a ultraviolet ray into the a photocatalyst coating plate unit 14

The present invention concerns a method and a system for purifying water from a basin, in particular 1
a swimming pool (1), by circulating a water flow (7) through a filtration system by pumping means
(10), whereby at least a sub-flow (28) of the water filtrated in first filtration means (9) and then
forwarded to secod filtration means (29) of the filtration system and being subjected to a
photochemical treatment in a UV radiation system (40) before returned to the basin, wherein the
water flow passing through the first filtration means (9) is filtered in membrane filter means (29),
where at least a sub-flow (39) of the water is passed through a membrane filtrated means (29) for e.g.
nanofiltration and that at least a partial flow (39) of this membrane filtrated water is irradiated with UV
electromagnetic radiation. A system according to the invention is relatively compact due to the
avoidance of sand filters. It is by the invention realised that the system and method may be used for
purifying different types of water, i.e. not only bath water from swimming pools but also waste water
e.g. from domestic households, contaminated water, etc. Moreover, an efficient removal of THM, AOX,
EDC, and PO4 as well as micro organisms with only a minimum of molecular chlorine in the bath
water is achieve

The invention relates to hydrocyclones for ballast water treatment. The invention further relates to
ballast water treatment systems comprising such hydrocyclones and methods of operating such
hydrocyclones and ballast water treatment systems. The configuration of the hydrocyclone is adapted
to remove particles of at least µm particularity well. The hydrocyclone thus reduces the need for
poweful or prolonged UV irradiation in a downstream decontamination apparatus of a preferred
ballast water treatment syste
A water purifier incorporating a filter with extremely high purification accuracy easily attachable to and 1
detachable from a water-drinking apparatus and purifying raw water in a bottle. The water purifier
attachable to and detachable from the water-drinking apparatus comprises the bottle storing the raw
water and a water-drinking apparatus body having a recessed part allowing the neck part of the bottle
to be inserted therein. The water purifier is characterized in that it is disposed between the recessed
part and the neck par

A production method of ballast water for vessel in which membrane treated water is produced by 1
passing fresh water through a microfilteration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane or a reverse
osmosis membrane thereby removing microorganisms in the fresh water, or membrane treated fresh
water is produced by passing sea water through the reverse osmosis membrane thereby removing
microorganisms in the sea water. Fresh water can be prevented from being decomposed during
transportation by removing microorganisms in fresh water or sea water using a method other than an
annihilation method and by producing fresh water from sea water simultaneousl

Water purification systems includes a reverse osmosis unit, a treatment unit, and an 1
electrodeionization unit. A reverse osmosis reject stream from the reverse osmosis unit is treated in
the treatment unit and provided to the concentrating compartments of the electrodeionization uni

A portable device for filtering water comprising an inlet, a filtration zone and an outlet, whereby water 1
to be filtered enters the filtration zone through the inlet, passes through the filtration zone and passes
out through the outlet, the filtration zone comprising a plurality of filters of decreasing mesh size.
Preferably, the filter and/or baffle plates are removable from the device. More preferably, the filters are
made from cross-weave/woven stainless steel mesh and the device is suitable for filtration of muddy
wate

The invention relates to a device for filtering with the aid of at least one membrane, which is used (13) 1
for a water treatment plant, is immersible into a filterable medium, comprises means for injecting a
gaseous fluid in the form of bubbles for cleaning said membrane (s) and which is characterised in that
it is provided with backflow means preventing the contact of said filterable medium with said injecting
mean
A washing system for use in cleaning or washing a soiled substrate or substrates, the system 1
comprising: a. a washing zone for contacting and washing the soiled substrate with wash liquor; b. a
feed supply for providing hot or cold feed water to the washing zone; c. a wash liquor cleanup and
recycle zone in fluid communication with the washing zone d. an effluent storage and/or discharge
zone; and optionally one or more of e. a product dispensing zone; f. means for sonically or
ultrasonically treating the soiled substrate in the washing zone or in a washing pre-treatment zone; g.
an electrolysis zone for electrolysing the feed water or wash liquor; h. a wash liquor disinfection zone;
and i. a feed water softening zone; The wash liquor cleanup and recycle zone preferably comprises
an ultrafiltration or microfiltration device having a cut-off in the range from about 1000 Daltons to
about 1 m, preferably from about 0.05 m to about 0.5 m, a lumen size of from about 1 to about 10
mm, preferably from about 2 to about 6 mm, more preferably from about 3 to about 5 mm, and a clean
water flux of at least about 1000 L/m2.h.100kp (RO water at 25 C), preferably at least about 10,000
L/m2.h.100k

Advanced submerged membrane systems are provided. Said submerged membrane systems have 1
multiple membrane modules comprising of strips of flat sheet membrane, braid of self-support hollow
fiber membrane, tubular membrane, braid supported hollow fiber membrane. Said submerged
membrane systems have alternating relay, or two-way floating switch or computer to control filtration
and back flush/pulse cleaning. Said submerged membrane systems have an oscillating motor, and
aerator which can generate liquid vortex (whirlpool) flow around membrane to keep membrane from
fouling. The present invention provides advanced submerge membrane systems at very low cost for
drinking water production, wastewater treatment and membrane bioreactors for biotech,
pharmaceutical and other industrie

A system and process for treating water are described. Water may be purified by passing feed water 1
through a carbon filter (10), a particulate filter (20), and an electrochemical deionization device (30).
The water may be suitable for cooking, washing, and beverage productio
A method of recovering hydrocarbons from a porous subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formation 1
comprising the steps of : a) feeding to at least on reverse osmosis unit of a desalination assembly a
high salinity water feed stream having a total dissolved solids content (total salinity) of at least 10,000
ppm; b) driving a portion of the high salinity water feed stream across a membrane in the reverse
osmosis unit of the desalination assembly at a pressure above the osmotic pressure of the high
salinity water feed stream while excluding at least a portion of the dissolved solids from crossing said
membrane to produce a treated low salinity water product stream having a total salinity of less than
5,000 ppm and a concentrated waste brine stream wherein the hydrostatic head exerted by the high
salinity water feed stream on the feed side of the membrane provides at least a major component of
the pressure required to overcome the osmotic pressure; c) injecting the low salinity water product
stream into the hydrocarbon-bearing formation from an injection well; d) displacing the hydrocarbons
with the low salinity water product stream toward an associated production well; and e) recovering
hydrocarbons from the formation via the production wel

The invention relates to an integrated device for the decontamination of water and the production of
electrical power. The inventive device consists of a photocatalytic/photovoltaic hybrid system
comprising a photocatalytic reactor (2) which is made from a material that is transparent at least to
visible radiation from the sun, which contains a photocatalyst of titanium dioxide, iron (II) or iron (III)
and which is stacked on a photovoltaic panel (3), both the photocatalytic reactor and the photovoltaic
panel being disposed on the same support (4) which can be inclined at a suitable angle (10) such as
to make optical use of the incident radiation. The photocatalytic reactor (2) protects the photovoltaic
panel (3) from solar infrared and ultraviolet radiation which are absorbed by the photocatalyst and the
water respectively. Moreover, a recirculation pump (5), which is powered by the photovoltaic panel (3),
ensures the flow of water through the photocatalytic reactor (2), which also cools the photovoltaic
panel (3). The invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of water in remote location

The present invention refers to a method of activating membranes useful in separation processes, 1
wherein the membrane is contacted for at least one day with a liquid activating agent comprising at
least one acid and at least one surfactant. A further object is the provision of activated membranes as
well as the use thereof in a separation proces

Direct-osmosis (DO) method for cleaning a semi-permeable membrane in a RO separation module, 1

the membrane having a feed side with foulant located thereon, and an opposite permeate side. A
normal RO separation process in the same module includes: feeding, under gauge pressure PGr, raw
saline solution having osmotic pressure POr to the membrane feed side ; collecting permeate
(solvent) having osmotic pressure POp from the permeate side, under gauge pressure PGp; and
removing residual brine from the membrane feed side. The method comprises feeding to the feed
side of the membrane, for a predetermined injection time, super saline solution having osmotic
pressure POs > POr, such that backward flow of permeate towards the feed side of the membrane is
provided so as to lift the foulant from the feed sid

Water treatment apparatus (105) which typically includes a floating platform (106) supported by floats
(108), a drum filter (114) for initially treating water on which the platform (106) is floating and a series
of treatment chambers (130,131,133,134) in which water from the drum filter (114) is exposed to
ozone and ultraviolet light. Baffles (128) and (129) cause the water to flow through the treatment
chambers (130,131,133,134) in a serpentine manner. The apparatus (105) may also include a
chamber (125) beneath the drum filter (114) which contains bacteria supported on media (126) within
the chamber (125) and comprising a biological filter. The apparatus in other embodiments may be
supported on the land for water treatment purposes in a number of different application
The present invention provides microporous polymers and methods for producing and using the 1
same. In particular, microporous polymers of the present invention are highly porous as indicated by a
Gurley air permeability flow rate of about 4 seconds or less per mL of air flow per 25 micron of
microporous polymer thickness per square inc

A water treatment system has a battery rechargeable by a manual generator, thus eliminating the
need for an external power source. The water treatment system uses the rechargeable battery to
power a pump and a UV lamp. After the water passes through a filter, the UV lamp treats the water
being pumped through the apparatus. The system optionally includes a flashlight, also powered by
the rechargeable batter

The invention relates to a method for clearing water in a water supply system from micro-organisms, 1
such as Legionella. The water is thereto first filtered to retain a substantial amount of the micro-
organisms, and subsequently radiated to inactivate micro-organisms that may still remain in the water,
wherein said radiating step acts on the water at least as this water leaves the water supply system
through a supply opening, such as a shower head, sprinkler, irrigation nozzle or the like. The invention
furthermore relates to an apparatus for clearing water supplied by a water supply system from micro-
organisms, a water supply system provided with such apparatus and a shower unit comprising an
apparatus according to the inventio

The invention relates to a bioactive composition which is characterised in that it comprises: a calcium 1
concentration (Ca2+) of more than 350 mg/l, a magnesium concentration (Mg2+) of more than 1200
mg/l, a sodium chloride concentration (NaCl) of less than 3500 mg/l, and a potassium concentration
(K+) of less than 450 mg/l. The inventive composition is also characterised in that it has a pH of
between 1.5 and 6.5, preferably between 4.3 and 6.5 and, in particular, 5.5. In addition, the invention
relates to a method of preparing one such composition based on seawater, which is characterised in
that it comprises the following steps consisting in: selectively demineralising the seawater by means
of electrodialysis; acidifying the solution thus obtained, involving the dissociation of the water with the
aid of ion transfer through ion-exchanger membranes, and concentrating the solution thus obtained by
means of nano filtration.$L'invention concerne une composition bioactive, caractérisée en ce
qu'elle comprend une concentration de calcium (Ca2+) supérieure à 350 mg/l, une concentration
de magnésium (Mg2+) supérieure à 1200 mg/l, une concentration de chlorure de sodium (NaCI)
inférieure à 3500 mg/l, une concentration de potassium (K+) inférieureà 450 mg/l et qu'elle a un
pH compris entre 1,5 et 6.5, de préférence entre 4,3 et 6,5, notamment 5,5. En outre l'invention
concerne un procédé de préparation d'une telle composition à base d'eau de mer,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des étapes consistant à déminéraliser sélectivement
l'eau de mer par électrodialyse, acidifier la solution ainsi obtenue par dissociation de l'eau à l'aide
de transfert ionique aux travers de membranes échangeuses d'ions, et concentrer la solution ainsi
obtenue par nano filtratio

An apparatus for continuous closed-circuit consecutive sequential desalination of a salt water solution 1
by reverse osmosis that comprises a closed circuit system comprising one or more desalination
modules having their respective inlets and outlets connected in parallel by conducing lines, each of
desalination modules comprising of one or more membrane elements, a pressurizing device for
creating counter pressure to enable reverse osmosis desalination and replacement of released
permeate by fresh, a circulation system for recycling the desalinated solution through the desalination
modules, a conducting line systems for permeate collection from the desalination modules, a
conducting line system for removing brine effluent a valve system to enable periodic discharge of
brine from the closed circuit without stopping desalination, and monitoring and control systems to
enable continuous closed circuit desalination of desired recovery proceed in consecutive sequential
steps under variable or constant pressure condition
A porous membrane for water treatment which is made of a resin composition comprising 100 parts 1
by weight of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin and 5-13 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol polymer
having a degree of saponification of 10-80 mol%, characterized by having a tension in
penetration/wetting of 38-72 mN/m, a tensile strength of 7-20 MPa, and excellent mechanical strength
and wettability. With the porous membrane for water treatment, which comprises a polyvinylidene
fluoride resin as the main component, the treatment of a raw water (river water, industrial wastewater,
etc.) can be efficiently conducted. The porous membrane for watertreatment is produced by melt-
extruding a composition comprising a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a polyvinyl alcohol polymer, a
plasticizer, and a solvent and removing the plasticizer and solvent from the extrudate by extractio

Ultraviolet radiation is used to disinfect water (5) in a flow tube, where the flow tube (10) acts a fluid
filled light guide for the ultraviolet radiation and the ultraviolet radiation propagates through the flow
tube via total internal reflectio
A static screen used upstream of a membrane assembly within a water treatment system has a 1
screening surface with a number of openings distributed over its area. Liquid flows through the
screening surface to reach the membrane assembly. Various shapes of screening surfaces are
described including undulating panels and geometric shapes. Methods for cleaning the screen are
described including aeration and backwashing. Various treatment systems or process designs
incorporating the screen are describe

The invention relates to a hollow fibre (1) comprising a plurality of adjacently arranged hollow regions 1
(3) which extend next to each and are separated by walls (4), said hollow regions having a
hydraulically equivalent maximum inner diameter of 1 mm. The walls (4) of two adjacent hollow
regions (3) are formed by a common wall (4) and/or by two walls which are interconnected in a
material fit, thus forming a central hollow region (5

A liquid treatment filter (180, 1400) comprising a chamber (210, 211, 1407) for housing a filter 1
material, an inlet (205, 1402) to control the flow of liquid through the filter and an outlet (200, 1401,
1502). The liquid treatment filter further comprises an inner dividing wall or insert configured to deflect
the flow of liquid between the inlet and outlet. The internal flow deflection means is configured to
extend the contact time between the liquid and filter material providing a compact filter cartridg

Disclosed is a submerged hollow fiber membrane module which is easy to expand, has a small 1
installation area, and exhibits excellent contamination prevention and durability. The submerged
hollow fiber membrane module comprises: (I) a module body divided into two portions which has a
permeated water collection space (5) and a permeated water outlet (3); (II) module support tubes (17)
which are vertically connected to the upper and lower ends of the module body; (III) a plate type
module header insertion layer which is provided with hollow fiber membrane spaces (10), and is
inserted into the module body; (IV) a plate type diffusion layer which is provided with a diffusion port
(4) and diffusion tubes (11) and is inserted into the module body subsequent to the module header
insertion layer; and (V) module headers which are inserted into the module header insertion laye
A one-touch fitting type adapter and a filter assembly are provided in which the filter assembly used 1
for machinery, such as a bidet or a refrigerator, is easily assembled with or dis¬ assembled from the
adapter through a one-touch fitting manner such that the filter assembly is easily adapted for the
machinery. A multiple adapter capable of coupling a plurality of adapters in series is provided such
that a plurality of filter assemblies used for a water purifier, a water ionizer or a functional water maker
are detachably engaged with the multiple adapter through a one-touch fitting manne

The present invention relates to a purification device for the purification of a liquid such as water, 1
preferably drinking water, which purification device comprises at least one casing (1) having at least
one insert (10), said casing (1) having at least one inlet (8) and at least one outlet (9) for the liquid and
said insert (10) comprising at least one filter (15) located in a flow path of the liquid. The purification
device comprises at least one galvanic couple (12, 14) located in said flow path. The present
invention also relates to an insert and a method of purifying a liqui

A modular water treatment apparatus is disclosed having a plurality of cells (12) each respectively
arranged in use for housing a treatment bed and a plurality of spacers (14) located between
respective adjacent cells (12). In use the spacers (14) are for providing an air gap between the cells
(12). The cells (12) and spacers (14) are stackable to provide a multiple stage treatment apparatus in
which water to be treated percolates through the respective treatment beds located in the cells (12
A water desilicating apparatus with reverse osmosis membrane, comprising (A) raw water tank; (B) 1
means for adjusting the pH value of raw water; (C) reverse osmosis membrane unit; (D) means for
adjusting the pH value of reverse osmosis membrane concentrate water; (E) desilicating means
packed with a porous silica containing removing agent; and (F) means for returning any runoff water
from the desilicating means to the raw water tank. Further, there is provided a method of water
desilicating, comprising adjusting the pH value of raw water so as to fall within the range of 2 to 7;
feeding the raw water to a reverse osmosis membrane unit so as to separate the same into reverse
osmosis membrane permeate water and reverse osmosis membrane concentrate water; adjusting the
pH value of reverse osmosis membrane concentrate water so as to fall within the range of 6.5 to 9;
passing the concentrate water through desilicating means packed with a porous silica containing
removing agent; and returning any runoff water from the desilicating means to a raw water tank. By
virtue of this simple apparatus, silica can be removed from the reverse osmosis membrane
concentrate water to = saturation concentration, so that any occurrence of silica scale in reverse
osmosis membrane concentrate water loop can be effectively prevented. Consequently, the whole
amount of raw water can be recovered as the reverse osmosis membrane permeate water.
$L'invention concerne un appareil de désilicification d'eau avec une membrane d'osmose inverse,
comprenant (A) une cuve d'eau brute ; (B) un dispositif servant à ajuster la valeur du pH de l'eau
brute ; (C) une unité de membranes d'osmose inverse ; (D) un dispositif servant à ajuster la valeur
du pH de l'eau de concentrat des membranes d'osmose inverse ; (E) un dispositif de désilicification
rempli d'un agent d'élimination contenant de la silice poreuse ; et (F) un dispositif servant Ã
renvoyer toute eau de ruissellement du dispositif de désilicification vers la cuve d'eau brute. De
plus, l'invention concerne un procédé de désilicification d'eau, comprenant d'ajuster la valeur du
pH d'une eau brute afin qu'elle tombe dans l'intervalle allant de 2 Ã 7 ; d'introduire l'eau brute dans
une unité de membranes d'osmose inverse afin de séparer celle-ci en une eau de perméat des
membranes d'osmose inverse et une eau de concentrat des membranes d'osmose inverse ; d'ajuster
la valeur du pH de l'eau de concentrat des membranes d'osmose inverse afin qu'il tombe dans
l'intervalle allant de 6,5 à 9 ; de faire passer l'eau de concentrat dans un dispositif de désilicification
rempli d'un agent d'élimination contenant de la silice poreuse ; et de renvoyer toute eau de
ruissellement provenant du dispositif de désilicification vers la cuve d'eau brute. Grâce à ce
simple appareil, on peut enlever la silice de l'eau de concentrat des membranes d'osmose inverse
pour qu'elle soit à une concentration = à la concentration de saturation, afin de pouvoir empêcher
de façon efficace tout dépôt de silice dans la boucle de l'eau de concentrat des membranes
d'osmose inverse. En conséquence, on peut récupérer toute la quantité de l'eau brute sous
forme de l'eau de perméat des membranes d'osmose invers

A method and an apparatus for purifying raw water. The raw water is pumped into a pressure tank (A). 1
An excess of air and possible chemical agents are added before the tank and are thoroughly mixed
into the raw water in a cyclone mixer (B) in order to form a large number of micro bubbles of air in the
mixture. The raw water is allowed to oxidize in the pressure tank for a predetermined period of time.
Then, the mixture is passed through pipes and pressure reducing valves to nozzles opening into a
flotation tank (C). At the pressure reduction, the micro bubbles expand and flotate possible floccules
and particles to the surface of the flotation tank, where they are removed, for example by passing over
an overflow edge. The flotation tank further comprises several filters having a small exclusion size of
about 0.05 microns. Purified water is sucked through the filters by a pump (P2) and expelle

The present invention relates to a method for decreasing the contents of metals, metalloids, nitrate 1
and nitrite, respectively, in raw water flowing through a basin (1), whereby water containing either
oxygen, oxygen-releasing substances, metabolic reactions of naturally occurring micro-organisms or
containing denitrification organisms and/or substrates therefore is intermittently introduced to the
basin (1) through a number of satellite wells (2) arranged around at least one extraction well(3) for
purified water. Water containing oxygen and/or oxygen-releasing substances or metabolic reactions of
naturally occurring micro-organisms or denitrification organisms and/or substrates therefore is
homogeneously distributed vertically in said basin (1), whereby the water to be purified is fed into the
basin by horizontally arranged feeding pipes (5) and that the extraction of purified water from said at
least extraction well (3) is such that a substantially negative pressure is created around said at least
one extraction well (3). The invention relates also to an apparatus for carrying out the method and to a
satellite well to be used in the apparatu
An electrochemical cell (101) comprises an ion exchange membrane (10) having anion and cation 1
exchange materials. The membrane (10) can have separate anion and cation exchange layers (12,
14) that define a heterogeneous water-splitting interface therebetween. In one version, the membrane
(10) has textured surface having a pattern of texture features (26) comprising spaced apart peaks
(28) and valleys (30). The membranes (10) can also have an integral spacer (80) for insertion in a
housing (129) of the electrochemical cell (102). The housing (129) can also have a detachable lid (96)
that fits on the cartridge (100). The electrochemical cell (102) can be part of an ion controlling
apparatus (120

A carrying case (1) for a portable water purifier comprises a case main body (2) having an opening 1
(2a) and forming a vessel (2b) for storing water, and a lid body (3) for opening and closing the
opening (2a). A filter device (10) for converting water to be purified into drinking water is replaceably
stored within the lid body (3). Further, the portable case (1) is characterized in that installed within the
case main body (2) is a pump unit (25) for drawing the water to be purified stored in the vessel (2b) to
feed the water to the filter device (10

The life of reverse osmosis and filter systems can be limited by the disposition of mineral salts and 1
biological growth on the reverse osmosis membrane (27) and filtration media, respectively. This
invention uses high-shear force in proximity to the reverse osmosis membrane (27) or filtration media
to periodically remove the deposits. In order to generate the high-shear force around the reverse
osmosis membrane (27) or filtration media, the present invention utilizes a vortex flow pattern (38),
which is produced by water entering and leaving the reverse osmosis or filter system tangentially.
Thus the life of the reverse osmosis or filter system can be extended and the reject rate can be
reduced from the typical 85% to 25% or lower by continuously preventing fouling deposits from the
reverse osmosis membrane (27) or filtration media. The present invention also uses a physical water
treatment device (32) to prevent the deposition by means of electric field

A water purification apparatus comprising: a water source; a dispenser for dispensing water to fill a 1
container; conduit means connected to the source and the dispenser for the transport of water from
the source to the dispenser; filter means interposed between the source and the dispenser for filtering
the water that is dispensed to the container; sanitising means for sanitising the container; and
delivering means for delivering the sanitising means to the container, wherein the sanitising means
comprises a gas, and wherein the delivering means delivers the sanitising means to the container
prior to filling of the containe

The present invention provides a process to clean water filtration media in a filtration bed. The 1
process includes applying a granular cleaner to the water filtration media (120) and applying an
activator to the water filtration media (30). This causes a chemical reaction between the granular
cleaner, activator and water filtration media resulting in the cleaning of the water filtration media. The
residual granular cleaner and activator, along with suspended and dissolved contamination from the
water filtration media, are removed by rinsing with water (40

Parallel desalting (PDS) includes a hybrid membrane softening (MS) system for de-mineralizing water 1
for residential and commercial use. Parallel desalting produces ""soft"" water without the use of salt,
or any other liquid chemical reagent normally used to carry out pH adjustment in industrial membrane
and precipitation processes. The PDS process balances the operation of a RO (potable water)
membrane unit with the operation of a tubular MF (wastewater) membrane unit, thereby providing a
highly efficient and regenerative water treatment technology: (1) The optimum operation for the PDS
system transforms roughly 90 percent of a potable, slightly brackish water supply into < 50 mg/L TDS
water with < 1-grain (10 -15 mg/L as calcium carbonate)- water hardness; and (2) The operation of the
PDS system produces, in salinity terms, in a 100 percent reusable effluent for downstream recycling.
Virtual prototype results suggest that with Colorado River Aqueduct source water (570 - 620 mg/L
TDS and 16-grain water hardness), parallel desalting can produce an effluent with a TDS 40 - 70 mg/L
lower than the originating supply (excluding TDS contributed directly by the particular type of use of
the soft water
An air conditioning system (10) including: extraction means for extracting air from a confined space; 1
filtration and purification means for filtering particulate from the extracted air and purifying the air, the
filtration and purification means including a separation column (11, 12) having an extracted air inlet
(26) for receiving extracted air therethrough, a packed bed (31) at a predetermined first level above
the extracted air inlet, water distribution means (32) above the packed bed for distributing cold water
onto the packed bed, a clean air outlet (27a) above the packed bed for discharging filtered and
purified air to the confined space, and a contaminated water outlet (22a

A method for producing water includes removing water from a first airflow using a first process which
includes exposing at least some of the first airflow to a desiccant. This increases water content of at
least some of the desiccant. At least some of the desiccant having increased water content is
introduced into a second airflow. This facilitates evaporation of water from the desiccant into the
second airflow, and increases water content of the second airflow. Water is then removed from the
second airflo

The invention refers to a process and an installation for obtaining the deuterium depleted water which
is preferably for food use. The process consists in that water, after purification feeds the continuous
isotopic distillation in the presence of a packing on minimum 100 theoretical plates with an efficiency
of 8 theoretical plates per meter, the reflux being introduced on the last plate of an upper stripping
zone, the number of theoretical plates from the stripping zone and that of the ones from a lower
enrichment zone being in a ratio of 10 : 1 and preferably of 9 : 1 , in this latter case resulting 10.5% of
the reflux flow as a waste which flows through the enrichment zone with a concentration of under 200
ppm D/(D+H), obtaining 4.5% of the reflux flow deuterium depleted water with a concentration of 20-
30 ppm D/(D+H) which is mineralized. The installation in which the process is applied contains a
packing consisting of a lower enrichment zone and an upper stripping zone, at the intersection of
these zones a and b being connected a thermally insulated isotopic distillation column, between the
steam boiler and the column being fitted a level regulating loop (A) placed under the zone in which
are injected in the column the vapors provided by the steam boiler, between the vacuum ramp and the
top zone (d) and respectively a secondary condenser being connected a vacuum regulation loop (B),
the collecting pipe being connected to an intermediate storage tank at which another pipe is
connected, fitted with a dosing device, communicating with a mixing pipe provided with static mixing
promoters, to which a short pipe is connected provided with another automatic dosing device,
connected to a storage tank for a mineralizing additive and a final evacuation pipe connected to a UV
sterilizing subsyste

A water producing system adapted to condense water from the air and collected in a storage tank 1
were the water is purified and bacteria is killed. One form of killing the bacteria is utilizing an ozone
injection system with a filter system to remove the ozone before the water is dispensed. In one form, a
dual fluid circuit is utilized where an operating fluid dumps heat to a second circuit such as a
refrigeration cycle and the cooled operating fluid lowers the temperature of a water condensation
membe

Aquaculture apparatus (10) comprising a main body (11) having a main chamber (12) for containing
fish, crustaceans or other fresh water or marine invertebrates and buoyant support means (13) which
buoyantly supports the main body (11) on a body of water. Water treatment means which may include
a drum filter (19,34), an ultraviolet treatment chamber (28,42) and ozone treatment chamber (29,40)
are provided for treating water for supply of water from the body of water to the main chamber (12)
and return of water from the main chamber (12) to the body of water. The water treatment means may
be provided additionally or alternatively on a separate floating platform or structure and the main
chamber may be in the form of an endless channe
A turbine washing system having a water making apparatus at a turbine site having a turbine. The
water making apparatus extracts water from air. A water delivery system delivers the extracted water
from the water making apparatus to the turbine to clean the blades of the turbine while the turbine is
on-line. A water feeder is provided for feeding the extracted water from the water making apparatus to
the water delivery system. A method for cleaning turbines on-line comprises extracting water from air
directly at a turbine site having a turbine and treating the air and the extracted water to obtain
extremely clean water having a conductivity of less than 3. This extremely clean water is then fed to
the turbine to clean the turbine blades while the turbine is on-line. Preferably the extremely clean
water is fed through a deionizer before being fed to the turbin

The invention provides a process for improving the antifouling properties and for increasing the 1
selectivity of commercial composite polyamide nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO)
membranes comprising circulating a low concentration of water soluble monomers and an initiating
redox couple in an aqueous solvent, without transverse pressure over the surface of the membrane
thereby effecting a free-radical graft polymerization on the surface of the membran

A process and system for purifying water is disclosed. For example, in one embodiment, the process 1
may be used to remove a divalent salt, such as calcium sulfate, from a water source in order to
prevent the divalent salt from precipitating during the process. The water source, for instance, may be
fed to an ion separating device, such as an electrodialysis device. In the electrodialysis device, an ion
exchange takes place between the divalent salt and another salt, such as a monovalent salt to
produce two concentrated salt streams that contain salts having greater solubility in water than the
divalent salt. In one embodiment, the two salt streams that are produced may then be combined to
precipitate the divalent salt in a controlled manner. During the process, various other components
contained within the water feed stream may also be removed from the stream and converted into
useful products. In one particular embodiment, the process is configured to receive a byproduct
stream from a reverse osmosis proces

The present invention relates to compositions and their use for the treatment of water. In one
embodiment, the invention provides for a compositions and their use for the treatment of
micoorganisms. This invention also provides compositions and their use to provide clean water in an
environmentally-friendly manner. In another embodiment, the invention provides for compositions and
their use in combination with common equipment for controlling the growth of micro-organisms, such
as with an ozonator or UV-C lamp, in a water system such as in hot tub or pool. Additionally, the
specification describes methods and compositions for controlling the growth of microorganisms in an
aqueous system. Using the methods and compositions, one treats an aqueous system with an
amount effective to control the growth of at least one microorganism. Accordingly, several advantages
of the invention are providing improved water treatment, providing environmentally-friendly treatment,
providing a more user-friendly treatment, and providing water that is better for human healt

The present invention relates to an integrated portable water purifier. The water purifier uses
advanced microprocessor based technology. The present invention also relates to a method for
purifying water, by filtration through adsorption media to remove harmful chemicals followed by
ultraviolet treatment to disinfect the water. The object of the present invention is to provide a water
purifier, which effectively removes the contaminants found in drinking water and overcomes many
disadvantages stated above. The integrated portable water purifier, has raw water chamber (1) for
receiving water to be purified and a treated water chamber (2) for receiving treated water through a
filter cartridge (20) for filtering the water from the raw water chamber (1) to the treated water chamber
(2). The water purifier is provided with a microprocessor based controller (6) for controlling the
operation of the purification system A UV lamp (8) is provided in the treated water chamber (2) for
microbiological treatment of the filtered water in the treated water chamber (2) and a sensor (7) for
sensing the conductivity of the treated water and the level of the water in the treated water chamber
(2). A power source (18) is provided for supplying power to the syste
A blocking ratio enhancing agent for permeable membrane, characterized by containing an ionic 1
polymer of = 10×10

Lightweight man-portable water purification apparatus consists of a tank, a pre-filter (2), an ultra- 1
filtration module (4) and a pneumatically operated pump (3) to cause contaminated water to be
passed through the pre-filter (2) and ultra-filtration module (4) to produce potable wate

A composite semipermeable membrane, which comprises a separating functional layer comprising 1

polyamide formed on a porous substrate film, wherein the separating functional layer comprising
polyamide has a mean pore radius of 0.25 nm to 0.35 nm and a vacancy content of 0.2 nm3 % to 0.3
nm3%, measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. A monfunctional acid halid is bonded
to the polyamide fil
There is provided a circulation-type apparatus for generating drinking water using moisture in the
atmosphere, comprising a continuous circulation/repeat sterilization system, in which the generated
drinking water is continuously circulated along a desired path so that the drinking water is repeatedly
sterilized and purified to prevent multiplication of bacteria in a drinking-water tank, a water collection
tank, a cold-water tank, and a hot-water tank, and also prevent a phenomenon of dust flocculation in
the drinking-water tank, thereby perfectly securing the safety for sanitary and clean water quality. The
circulation-type drinking-water generating apparatus includes a drinking-water freezing system 70
having a fan 77 for supplying air having humidity into a casing 10, an evaporator 75 for condensing
the air supplied by the fan 77, a condenser 73 connected to the evaporator 75, and a compressor 71
for compressing a coolant supplied to the evaporator 75 and the condenser 73, a water collecting tank
50 disposed under the evaporator for collecting drinking water condensed on and dropped from a
surface of the evaporator, water sterilizing means 60 for sterilizing the drinking water supplied into the
water collecting tank 50, a water purifying system 40 for purifying the drinking water collected in the
water collecting tank 50, a drinking-water tank 20 for storing the drinking water purified by the water
purifying system 40, a water supply pump 65 installed to either of a first water supply pipe 57 passing
the water collecting tank 50 with the water purifying system 40 to connect the water collecting tank 20
with the water purifying system 40 and a second water supply pipe 58 for connecting the water
purifying system 40 and the drinking-water tank 20, a water heating unit 30 and a water cooling unit
35 for heating and cooling the drinking water supplied from the dinking water tank 20, and a micom for
controlling operation of the components. A return pipe 90 is connected to the drinking water tank 20
and the water collecting tank 50 for returning the drinking water to the water collecting tank 50,
thereby continuously circulating the drinking wate

A compact dehydration engine and method for treating human waste and gray water residual Electro- 1
coagulants that includes a heated waste dehydration chamber that has low energy consumption and
low water consumption in use. The system can be employed in stationary or mobile platforms that
include multiple toilets and gray water sources for reclamatio

Water purification systems include a concentrate filtration membrane and an electrodeionization unit. 1
A concentrate effluent stream from the electrodeionization unit is filtered in the concentrate filtration
membrane; the filtered concentrate effluent stream is provided to concentrating compartments of the
electrodeionization uni

A composite semipermeable membrane, which comprises a separating functional layer comprising a 1

reactant of polyfunctional amine with polyfunctional acid halide, wherein a water-soluble organic
material from the group of surfactants or commonds having a formyl, oxilanyl, acid halide, carbonate,
carbamate or alkyl halide group is in contact with the separating functional layer, and the separating
functional layer has a boron removal ratio of 95% or more, when seawater at 25°C having a pH of 6.5,
a boron concentration of 5 ppm and a TDS concentration of 3.5% by weight is permeated under an
operation pressure of 5.5 MP
A water treatment apparatus which facilitates the installation of a water treatment unit and prefilter into 1
an existing plumbing system. The apparatus includes a bypass valve interconnected with a prefilter
and water treatment unit using a connection box. The fittings and orientations are chosen for the
components so that various configurations and orientations can be easily accommodated and with a
minimum of parts. The apparatus eliminates the need for fabricating conduit segments, etc. at the
installation site. The apparatus for connecting a water treatment unit to a water distribution system
includes a control valve having spaced apart inlet and outlet ports and a connection module defining
first and second flowpassages. The first flowpassage extends between first and second external ports
and the second flowpassage extends between third and fourth external ports. The first and third
external ports are arranged and configured to correspond to the configuration and. spacing of the
control valve inlet and outlet ports. A filter unit includes inlet and outlet ports that are configured and
oriented to correspond to the configuration and spacing of the control valve inlet and outlet ports. The
filter includes a filter head and a sump releasably coupled to the head. The sump at least partially
defines a filter chamber containing a replaceable filter element. A cup seal seals the interface between
the head and the sump and includes a sealing lip that is urgent to sealing engagement with a filter
chamber wall by water pressure. At predetermined lower water pressures the sealing engagement
between the seal and the chamber wall is reduced to enable the sump to be decoupled using hand
manipulation. At least one of the filter ports is swivelly connected to the head to enable the orientation
of the port to be change

The subject of the present invention is a lamp-ballast-system (1), especially a dielectric barrier
discharge (DBD-) lamp-ballast- system for generating and/or emitting a radiation of ultraviolet (UV-)-
light comprising: a lamp (2) having means for electrical contacting and a ballast (3) having a housing
(4) accommodating at least a high-voltage part and a lamp support, connectable to and supplying the
DBD- lamp (2) at least with electricity, whereby the electrical connection (5) between the DBD-lamp
(2) and the ballast (3) is arranged cable-fre

The present invention relates to a container (2) for purifying water by utilization of sunlight, comprising
a first surface (4, 8', 9', 10', 12') that is formed of a permeable layer for sunlight and a second surface
(6, 8'', 9'', 10'', 12'') that is formed of an absorbing layer for sunlight. Further, the container comprises a
first opening (14) and a second opening (16), respectively, provided with filter elements (18, 19).
Filling with water is intended to be done in the first opening (14) and discharge of water is intended to
be done through the second opening (16) after the water in the container (2) has been heated to a
temperature of at least 600C after exposure by sunlight and also exposure of ultraviolet radiation in
order to make it possible to kill undesired micro-organism

A method of treating contaminated air, gas and surfaces is accomplished through the nebulization of
gas and/or liquid oxidants through a field of electromagnetic radiation or sonic waves. The
contaminated gas and/or liquid streams are blended with gaseous and/or liquid oxidants by the
nebulizer and directly injected in the energy field. Free radicals produced from oxidants in the
presence of the energy field instantaneously oxidize a large effective surface area of the
contaminated media. Surfaces are treated more efficiently with the energy field situated directly above
and parallel to but not on the surface; a high-frequency energy field may be used to create a large
concentration of free radicals without damaging the surface in a collimated beam of the field situated
parallel to the surface. A catalyst may be employed at the tip (i.e. discharge orifices of gas and/or
liquid) of the nebulizer or blended into the nebulized cloud to increase the formation of free radicals.
The method may also be used to carry out a reduction instead of an oxidation reactio

This invention relates to the biocide treatment of seawater treatment membranes, such as reverse 1
osmosis membranes, which may otherwise become clogged with e.g. bacterial matter and a water
treatment system therefor. The method involves an arrangement wherein the water treatment stream
is designed to have a dedicated biocide treatment facility that is accessible to each sub-stream and
main water treatment stream, wherein the used biocide is simply discharged through a main product
stream or some other desirable repository, as opposed to being discharged to the sea as in
conventional practic
This invention is to provide a method for surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin excelling in
water absorption properties. This invention relates to a method for the surface-treatment of a water
absorbent resin, which comprises: a) mixing 100 parts by weight of a water absorbent resin, 0.01 - 20
parts by weight of at least one radical polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of
persulfates, hydrogen peroxide, and azo compounds, and a radically polymerizing compound and b)
irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays. The treatment particularly exalts the
absorption ratio against pressure and the saline flow conductivit

The present invention relates to a water purifier for the purification of pressurized water, said water 1
purifier comprising a filter chamber (16) with a cylindrical adsorption filter (17), a UV chamber (19) that
is provided inside the adsorption filter (17), an incoming water intake (15) to the filter chamber (16), a
spout (20) emanating from the filter chamber (16) for the discharge of water from the filter chamber
(16), a space (11) laterally displaced relative to the filter chamber (16), components for the control of
the function of the water purifier being received in said space (11), an upper demountable part (3) and
a lower demountable part (5). It is significant of the water purifier according to the present invention
that the connection of the incoming water is made to a central main portion (1) of the water purifier,
that the discharge of the purified water is effected from the central main portion (1), and that the
central main portion (1) is located between the demountable parts (3, 5

Assemblies (10) for use in separation of a fluid feed. Assemblies typically include an elongated 1
housing (12) having a fluid feed stream inlet (24), a residual stream outlet (26) and a permeate stream
outlet (30). The housing contains at least one membrane separation element (34) to form a
membrane separation element linear string (32) that at least in part defines a linear permeate
passage tube (44). A permeate adapter (54) is joined with an end of the linear permeate passage tube
(44). The permeate adapter (54) includes a receiving opening (120) for receiving an end (46) of the
linear permeate passage tube (44). The adapter defines a permeate passageway (130) extending
therethrough and includes a plurality of permeate discharge openings (132) disposed such as to
place the receiving opening (120) and the permeate discharge openings (132) in fluid flow
communicatio

A hollow fiber membrane cartridge comprising a bundle of multiple hollow fiber membranes arranged 1
so as to be vertical in an immersion vessel and comprising bond fixing layers capable of bond fixing of
the hollow fiber membrane bundle at both ends thereof, wherein the morphology of each of the bond
fixing layers is selected from the group consisting of a triangle, a rectangle and a hexagon, and
wherein at at least an edge of upper side bond fixing layer, the hollow of the hollow fiber membranes
opens, and wherein the hollow fiber membrane bundle at a filtration zone side interface of the upper
side bond fixing layer is in the form of multiple wisp

A method and apparatus for producing potable water from non-potable water, in which a supply of air
is passed through a heating unit to increase the air temperature and then passed through an
evaporative cooling media through which the non-potable water is passed in liquid/gas contact with
the heated air. The temperature of the air leaving the evaporative media is reduced as a result of
contact with the water, and its moisture content is increased. The cooler moist air is then passed
through a cooling coil to cause the moisture in the air to condense as liquid water, which is then
collected and made suitable for use as drinking wate

An apparatus and method for purifying a liquid including: reaction chambers that utilizes KDF 85 or 1
KDF 55 or other media in turbulence with the liquid,a first fine collective filtration unit, a first laser
photolytic light chamber that utilizes a laser producing ultraviolet light in the 100 to 300 nanometer
range passing through a quartz tube that is surrounded by the liquid, a second ultra-fine collective
filtration unit, a pharmaceutical grade granular activated carbon filter unit, and a second laser
photolytic light chamber that utilizes a laser producing ultraviolet light in the 100 to 300 nanometer
range passing through a quartz tube that is surrounded by the liquid wherein the laser light generator
is the same one utilized in the first photolytic light chamber, whereby microbes are killed and
collected, aromatic ring structures are eliminated and any particulate matter 0.5 microns or larger are
removed from the liqui
A novel method /process has been invented to convert HPSWRO (high pressure sea water reverse 1
osmosis) concentrate discharge from sea water desalination plants to Magnesium Chloride (suitable
for Magnesium metal by electrolysis) and Sodium chloride with cogeneration of Electricity and heat
using PEM (proton exchange membrane) Fuel cel

The subject of the present invention is a system incorporating a DBD lamp (1), a dielectric barrier
discharge (DBD-) lamp (1), and a phosphor coating (2) for use as luminescent coating in a dielectric
barrier discharge (DBD-) lamp (1), especially in a mercury-free DBD-lamp, comprising several
phosphor grains (3 a) together forming a luminescent coating layer (3) for converting a primary
discharge radiation into a wanted radiation, whereby the phosphor coating (2) comprises a protective
coating layer (4) at least partly surrounding the luminescent coating layer (3) for minimizing
degradation of the luminescent coating layer (3) during use in a DBD-lamp (1

A sand filter apparatus (10) for treating water includes a filter retention vessel (16) having an outlet 1
(18) from which filtrate can be supplied. An inlet arrangement (48) is in fluid communication with the
filter retention vessel and is connectable to a supply of waste water. A filter is interposed between the
inlet arrangement and the outlet. The filter includes two layers of aggregate (12, 36) and a layer of
sand (26) interposed between the two layers of aggregate. The sand is at least one of, or a mixture of,
granite-based sand and substantially pure silica based san

A process for the disposal of treatment fluid runoff from drinking water facilities cleaning procedures is 1
disclosed. Due to accumulating sediments, mineral deposits and biological contamination, drinking
water tanks and facilities must be cleaned on a regular basis to guarantee water quality and reduce
the amount of chlorination required. Various cleaning processes are known, which produce
contaminated treatment fluid runoff. The invention provides a runoff disposal process including the
principle steps of collecting the runoff in a holding facility, analysing the pH of the runoff, neutralizing
the pH of the runoff with a pH neutralizing agent, and filtering the runoff to remove suspended
particulates. Additional steps may include analyzing the chlorine residual in the runoff, and de-
chlorinating the runoff with a de-chlorinating agen

A portable Ultra Violet (UV) sterilizer includes a body into which liquid, or small objects, may be 1
placed. A bulb in the interior of the body and may be activated such that the radiation from the bulb
kills DNA-based organisms present in the liquid, or on the objects, and thereby sterilizes the liquid or
objects. Through the use of a highly reflective coating on the interior of the body, a lower wattage UV
bulb may be used than would be normally necessar
The inventive water processing device for producing drinking water comprises a substantially
cylindrical housing, means (2) for introducing a treatable water and means (3) for discharging the
treated water which interact with the housing (1), and a plurality of means forming UV lamps (4),
wherein said device is characterised in that said UV lamp forming means are arranged inside said
housing in such a way that the longitudinal axes of at least several of them form a non-zero and
different from 90° angle with the longitudinal axis of the substantially cylindrical housing (1

A product and system for cleaning water or industrial and sewage waste water includes a mixture of 1
diatomite that is heated and stirred to impart a lasting low level negative electrical charge to the
diatomite. A mixture of approximately 50% aluminum chloride (A1C1) by volume is blended to provide
a powder mixture for use as a flocculant in the system.. According to a modification, the charged
diatomite is instead blended with a mixture of approximately 50% ferric chloride (FeC13) by volume
and is stored in liquid form for later use as a flocculant in the system. From one to five percent, by
volume, of polyacrylamide is preferably added to the mixture for use in sewage waste water treatment
applications. An efficient system for reacting either the mixture or separately adding the diatomite and
the metallic chloride to the water is describe

The present invention relates to a three in one method and equipment for treating drinking water. The 1
method includes the pre-treatment system, it also comprises the procedure of mixing active oxygen
and water, photochemical oxidation and deoxidize, ceramic membrane ultra filtering, back flushing.
The equipment concludes the water tank, prefiltration, activated carbon filter cash, fine filter cash, pipe
and valve, back flushing, the equipment also comprises the active oxygen generator, the active
oxygen mixer, UV generator, photochemical oxidation and deoxidize pipe, ceramic membrane ultra
filtering. The active oxygen generator is connected with the active oxygen mixer through the pipe. One
end of the active oxygen mixer is connected with the fine filter through the pipe, the other end of it is
connected with the photochemical oxidation and deoxidize pipe. The photochemical oxidation and
deoxidize pipe sets up in the lamp-house area of the UV generator; the photochemical oxidation and
deoxidize pipe is connected with the ceramic membrane ultra filtering. The advantage of the present
invention is making use of combination the active oxygen, UV ray, argil and the other nature
substance to treat the water, obtaining the nature drinking wate

The invention described herein contains two aspects, usable together or separately, that address the
needs in the art described above, namely a first aspect that relates to the provision of a transportable
water purification system that can be contained on a passenger transport vehicle, and that can use,
but does not require, continuous, real-time monitoring, and a second aspect that relates to the use of
UV purification of the water as it is uploaded to the passenger transport vehicle after a single pass
through the UV chambe

The invention refers to an apparatus and a device aiming to the sea water desalination. It is 1
constituted of a liquid compression apparatus (2) having the form of a pump. The recoiling motion of
the piston (4) results in that the sea water which has been transferred through the non-return valve (8)
is channeled under adequate pressure through the non-return valve (9) and the pipings (11) to the
desalination device (10), where it is transformed into clear water by the inverse osmose procedure.
This method of desalination does not pollute the environment, operates instantly with adequate
efficiency, with small working cost and with very low maintenance cos

This invention provides a vinylidene fluoride resin hollow filament porous membrane characterized by 1
comprising a porous membrane having a network structure of a vinylidene fluoride resin in a hollow
filament form having a pore diameter distribution in the direction of the thickness of the membrane,
the ratio between the average pore diameter P1 in the outer surface as determined by a scanning
electron microscope and the average pore diameter P2 of the membrane layer as determined by a
half dry method, i.e., P1/P2, being not less than 2.5. The hollow filament porous membrane is
excellent in mechanical strength, as well as in long-term water treatment properties including
regeneration efficiency by air scrubbing. The hollow filament porous membrane is preferably
produced by a process which comprises melt extruding a mixture of a vinylidene fluoride resin, a
plasticizer, and a good solvent for the vinylidene fluoride resin into a hollow filament, and then cooling
the extrudate to incorporate the good solvent for the vinylidene fluoride resin for film formation and
solidification into a cooling medium at a given ratio or highe
A monitoring port assembly for a fluid treatment system, such as for use in an ultra-violet water
treatment system. The port assembly comprises a sensor port cup having a port for access to an
interior of the fluid treatment vessel. The port is offset from the central axis of the sensor port cup. A
cylindrical body, having an offset through-hole to receive a sensor assembly, is disposed within the
sensor port cup for rotational movement about the central longitudinal axis between an operational
position where the offset through-hole is aligned and coincident with the port, and a servicing position
where the offset through-hole is displaced relative to the port. Sensors can be safely and conveniently
removed from or installed into a port in the fluid treatment vessel by rotating the cylindrical body from
the servicing to the operational position.$La présente invention décrit un assemblage d'orifices
pour un système de traitement de fluide, pouvant être utilisé dans un système de traitement de
l'eau par ultraviolets. L'assemblage d'orifices comprend un godet à l'orifice du capteur disposant d'un
orifice pour accéder à une partie interne de la cuve de traitement de fluide. L'orifice est décalé
de l'axe central du godet sur l'orifice du capteur. Un corps cylindrique, muni d'un trou traversant
décalé pour recevoir un assemblage de capteurs, est disposé au sein du godet à l'orifice du
capteur pour autoriser un mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe central longitudinal, entre une
position opérationnelle où le trou traversant décalé est aligné et coïncide avec l'orifice et
une position d'entretien où le trou traversant décalé est déplacé par rapport à l'orifice. Les
capteurs peuvent être retirés ou installés de manière sûre et aisée dans un orifice de la cuve
de traitement du fluide en faisant tourner le corps cylindrique de la position d'entretien à la position
opérationnell

A device (1) for purifying a liquid in particular water (W1) is provided with an ozonating (8) for 1
treatment of said liquid (W1) with ozone (O) and with a storage reservoir (48) hydraulically connected
to the ozonation unit. The device (1) is provided with re-circulation means (54, 68, 60) for re-
circulating said treated liquid from said storage reservoir (48) through a re- circulation line (66, 69,
61). The re-circulation line (66, 69, 61) is provided with at least one filtration unit (58, 56

The invention relates to a permeate spacer module comprising a spacer and at least one collection 1
device, which spacer comprises of support members which being spaced apart by at least one
inserted element forming flow space or flow channels between the support members and the inserted
element for guiding permeates to at least one permeate collection device connected to the flow space
or the flow channels. The invention relates further to a membrane system comprising the permeate
space module, a process for operating the membrane system, use of the membrane system, a
membrane plant and use of the membrane plan

The present invention relates to a spacer for membrane modules comprising at least one inserted 1
element and support members, the support members being spaced apart by the at least one inserted
element forming flow channels between the support members and the inserted element for guiding
permeates to the at least one permeate collection device, which at least one permeate collection
device being in perpendicular contact with the flow channels, or guiding concentrate through flow
channel out of the membrane module. The invention relates further to a membrane module
comprising the permeate spacer, uses of the membrane module and a spiral wound membrane
comprising the permeate space

This invention provides a process for producing a silver foam metal for a water purifier filter, which 1
produces a cellular foam metal from silver to utilize two advantages of the maximized specific surface
area and ultra-lightweight, i.e., two greatest features of the foam metal, whereby, while using a small
amount of silver to hold down the price, sterilizing power and antiseptic effect, which are a few times
better than that of silver mass, can be attained, and a cellular foam metal produced by this process. A
polyurethane product is immersed for a given period of time in a graphite liquid in a thin colloid state
prepared by mixing ion exchanged water and graphite at a given mixing ratio. The immersed
polyurethane product is then dried and is heated at a temperature of 100 to 250°C for 30 to 90 min to
fix the graphite particles onto the polyurethane product. Thereafter, silver plating is carried out in an
electroplating tank for rapid plating layer formation. After the plating process, the internal polyurethane
product is burned to produce a silver foam metal which is then baked and held at an elevated
temperature within an electric furnace for heat treatmen
The inventive method for reconditioning a household ion-exchange cassette for filtering a drinking 1
water and device for removing nitrates from drinking water relate to water filter cleaning and to
cleaning, regenerating and disinfecting ion-exchange fillers. The method for reconditioning a
household filtering cassette consists in regenerating the cassette ion-exchange filler by filtering a 10
% table salt solution and in disinfecting by boiling water, wherein said reconditioning is regularly
repeatable at least one time each two weeks. The inventive drinking water ion-exchange filter
comprises a container provided with brackets and a funnel, which is arranged thereon and has an
opening for receiving a cassette. Said cassette and the filler thereof which occupies the entire volume
of the cassette are made of a heat-resistant materials withstanding a temperature of at least 100 °C.
Several hard balls made of an inert material are placed in the ion-exchange filler. The container can
be provided with a heating element. The device for removing nitrates from water consists of said filter,
a cylinder for measuring a salt quantity and a nitrate senso

Described herein are compositions and methods useful for the purification of water using dendritic 1
macromolecules. The process involves using dendritic macromolecules (dendrimers) to bind to
contaminants, and a filtration step to produce water from which contaminants have been removed or
modified. Examples of dendrimers that may be used in the process include cation-binding dendrimers,
anion-binding dendrimers, organic compound-binding dendrimers, redox-active dendrimers, biological
compound-binding dendrimers, catalytic dendrimers, biocidal dendrimers, viral-binding dendrimers,
multi-functional dendrimers, and combinations thereof. The process is readily scalable and provides
many options for customization

A modular aquaculture system comprising a main chamber module (12) defining a main chamber (13)
for containing fish, prawns or other fresh or salt water animals and a water treatment module (14) for
treating water from the main chamber (13), the water treatment module (14) including a swirl chamber
(15) and a drum filter (59) and biological treatment chamber (16), and means (53,36) for
interconnecting the main chamber module (12) and the water treatment module (14). The aquaculture
system also includes at least one further water treatment module (18) for treating water in the main
chamber (13), the water treatment module (18) including an air/ozone treatment unit and UV
treatment uni
The invention relates to a global connection system in a compact chamber for membrane tubes used 1
for water desalination. The inventive system comprises one or more modular bundles (15) of stacked
membrane holder tubes (14) which are connected with respective fasteners (8), the steel connections
forming the real fastening system. One end of each of the membrane holder tubes (14) is equipped
with a muffle (11) that is pierced with holes (1, 2, 3, 4) which connect the membrane holder tubes (14)
with one another and which communicate same with the respective rings thereof. Two of the
aforementioned holes (1, 4) in the outer tubes are intended to receive salt water at high pressure
through pressurised water traps (9, 10). The other end of the membrane tube holders is equipped with
a pair of outlets (1', 4) for brine or rejected water. The invention also comprises: a device for
recovering pressure in a modular bundle (15) of membrane holder tubes (14), which treats and makes
use of the excess energy from the brine; and a brine or rejected water trap which opens into a
discharge hole. In addition, each of the membrane holder tubes (14) includes a collector tube for the
treated, desalinated water, which is connected to a regulating tank.$L'invention concerne un système
de raccordement global en chambre compacte de tubes porte-membranes pour le dessalement de
l'eau. Ce système comprend un ou plusieurs faisceaux modulaires (15) de tubes porte-membranes
(14) empilés et couplés au moyen de fixations (8) respectives. Les raccordements d'acier agissent
comme une fixation réelle et chaque tube porte-membranes (14) est pourvu d'un moufle (11) à une
extrémité pourvue d'orifices (1, 2, 3, 4) qui unissent les tubes porte-membranes (14) entre eux et
les font communiquer avec leurs anneaux respectifs, deux des orifices (1, 4) des tubes extérieurs
sont destinés à l'entrée de l'eau salée sous haute pression à travers autant de collecteurs
d'eau sous pression (9, 10). Chaque tube porte-membranes (14) est également pourvu d'une paire
de sorties (V, 4') de saumure ou d'eau de rejet à son autre extrémité. Ce système comprend
également un dispositif de récupération de pression dans un faisceau modulaire (15) de tubes
porte-membranes (14) qui traite et met à profit l'excédent d'énergie de la saumure ainsi qu'un
collecteur de saumure ou d'eau de rejet qui débouche dans un puits d'évacuation des eaux
usées. Chaque tube porte-membrane (14) comprend un tube de récupération de l'eau traitée
et dessalée, lequel tube est raccordé à un réservoir de régulation.$Sistema de conexión
global en cámara compacta de tubos de membrana para la desalación de agua. Este sistema
consta de uno o más haces modulares (15) de tubos porta- membranas (14) en disposición
apilada, acoplados mediante sujeciones (8) respectivas, ac tuando de sujeción real las propias
conexiones de acero y estando cada uno de los tubos portamembranas (14) provistos de una mufla
(1 1) en un erxtremo, en la cual están practica dos unos orificios (1,2,3,4) que unen los tubos
portamembranas (14) entre sà y los comunica con sus respectivos anillos, dos de dichos orificios
(1,4) en los tubos exteriores están desti nados a la entrada de agua salada a alta presión a través
de sendos colectores de agua a pre sión (9, 10), y un par de salidas (V, 4') de salmuera o agua de
rechazo en su otro extremo, un dispositivo recuperador de presión en un haz modular (15) de tubos
portamembranas (14) que procesa y aprovecha el excedente de energÃa de la salmuera, y un
colector de la salmuera o agua de rechazo que desemboca en un pozo de vertidos, y porque cada
uno de los tubos portamembranas (14) incorpora un tubo recolector del agua tratada y desalada,
tubo que está conectado a un depósito regulado

Disclosed are nanocomposite membranes and methods for making and using same. In one aspect, 1
the nanocomposite membrane comprises a film comprising a polymer matrix and nanoparticles
disposed within the polymer matrix, wherein the film is substantially permeable to water and
substantially impermeable to impurities. In a further aspect, the membrane can further comprise a
hydrophilic layer. In a further aspect, the nanocomposite membrane comprises a film having a face,
the film comprising a polymer matrix, a hydrophilic layer proximate to the face, and nanoparticles
disposed within the hydrophilic layer, wherein the film is substantially permeable to water and
substantially impermeable to impurities. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of
searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present inventio

Provided is an apparatus for producing pure water which can prevent the variation of the amount of 1
the pure water produced, without the use of a heat exchanger. A raw water is first filtered by an
activated carbon filtration device (1), and then, is sent to a reverse osmosis device (3) through a water
pump (2) for a reverse osmosis device, to subject it to the demineralization treatment. The water
having been subjected to the demineralization treatment in the reverse osmosis device (3) is
contacted with a water quality sensor (4) having a water temperature sensor (4a) and then is sent to
an electric deionization device (5), to subject it to the electric deionization treatment. The water having
been subjected to the deionization treatment is contacted with a water quality sensor (6) having a
water temperature sensor (6a) and then is taken out as a treated water (pure water). The detection
signal of the water temperature sensor (4a) is input to a pump controlling circuit (7) and is used for
controlling the amount or water supply of the pump (2) so as for the amount of the water permeating
from the reverse osmosis device (3) to be constan
The present invention discloses a water purification filter easily replaced by a connector which can 1
simplify a connection structure of a water purification system by forming paths of feed water, purified
water and concentrated water as one port, and which can be easily replaced after disconnection of a
filter cartridge from the water purification system, and a water purification system using the same. The
water purification filter easily replaced by the connector includes a connector having an inflow hole
through which feed water flows in, a check valve body in which an auto shut off valve for
opening/closing a feed water flowing path for guiding feed water to a filter side and a concentrated
water discharge path are formed, an outflow hole for externally discharging purified water, and a
concentrated water control hole for externally discharging concentrated water, a filter housing for
opening the feed water flowing path by opening the auto shut off valve in connection with the
connector, a locking means for detachably fixing the filter housing to the connector, and a passage
switching guide having a first path for supplying feed water to a reverse osmosis membrane filter
when the filter housing is connected to the connector, a second path for supplying water purified by
the reverse osmosis membrane filter to the outflow hole, and a third path for supplying concentrated
water to the concentrated water discharge pat

A spiral wound membrane is disclosed which comprises an elongate web of a material which allows 1
water to pass through but inhibits the passage of solids and/or dissolved solids. The web has been
folded to zig-zag form to produce a stack of layers (68.1 , 68.2 etc.) joined to one another by reverse
bends (72, 74). A perforated tube (18) is provided, the ends of the web forming the stack being
secured to the tube. The stack is wound around the tube and there are spacers (58, 62) between the
layers, (68.1 , 68.2 etc.). The spacers hold the layers apart to form water flow passages (56, 60).
Alternate water flow passages (60) have the ends thereof transverse to the bends (72, 74) sealed
closed. These passages are also closed by reverse bends (74) at the radially outer ends thereof.
Along their radially inner edges thereof these passages are in communication with the perforations
(54) of the tube (20). Strengthening tapes (70) are provided inside the bends (72, 74

The invention discloses a water treatment module and a water treatment apparatus using thereof. The
water treatment module is designed to be a water treatment pacted bed containing a frame with a
intermediate cavity in which an ultraviolet light resource is laid. And dodecahedral sponge packings
with a metallic net-like skeleton structure are laid in said frame. The water treatment apparatus
contains a cavity, which includes an inlet and an outlet, for accommodating said water treatment
module. The water treatment apparatus includes several water treatment modules, which are
arranged like building block. In the present invention, large specific surface area of the sponge
packings can be obtained, and it's easy to reuse TiO2 supported on the surface of the sponge packing
The invention relates to independent reverse osmosis desalination units which are connected in terms 1
of energy flow and which use the brine produced in each desalination unit in order to drive the feed
flow to the following desalination unit through the use of energy recovery systems. The feed fluid is
driven through a pump to the first desalination unit, such as to produce desalinated water and brine
which is conveyed to the first energy recovery system, said system being equipped with a feed water
inlet conduit and an outlet conduit for conveying the water that has been driven through the recovery
system to the second desalination unit. Said second unit produces desalinated water and brine which
is conveyed to the second energy recovery system in order to drive the feed water to a pump which
raises the pressure to the same pressure as the first pump for feeding the first desalination unit.
$L'invention concerne des unités de dessalement à osmose inverse, indépendantes et reliées
électriquement qui utilisent la saumure produite par chaque unité de dessalement pour
entraîner le flux d'alimentation jusqu'à l'unité de dessalement suivante par le biais de systèmes
de récupération d'énergie. Le fluide d'alimentation est entraîné par une pompe jusqu'à la
première unité de dessalement et produit de l'eau dessalée et de la saumure qui est dirigée
jusqu'au premier système de récupération d'énergie auquel mène une conduite d'eau
d'alimentation et d'où sort une autre conduite qui dirige cette eau entraînée par le système de
récupération jusqu'à la deuxième unité de dessalement. Cette deuxième unité produit de
l'eau dessalée et de la saumure qui est dirigée jusqu'au deuxième système de récupération
d'énergie pour entraîner l'eau d'alimentation jusqu'à une pompe qui élève la pression à la
même pression que celle de la première pompe, afin d'alimenter la première unité de
dessalement.$Desaladoras de ósmosis inversa independientes conectadas energéticamente y
que utilizan la salmuera producida en cada desaladora para impulsar el flujo de alimentación de la
siguiente unidad desaladora mediante el empleo de sistemas de recuperación de energÃa. El fluido
de alimentación es impulsado por una bomba hasta la primera unidad de desalación produciendo
agua desalada y salmuera que es conducida al primer sistema de recuperación de energÃa al que
llega un conducto con agua de alimentación y sale otro conducto que conduce este agua impulsada
por sistema de recuperación a la segunda unidad de desalación. Esta segunda unidad produce
agua desalada y salmuera que es conducida al segundo sistema de recuperación de energÃa para
impulsar el agua de alimentación hasta una bomba que eleva la presión la misma presión que la
primera bomba para alimentar a la primera unidad de desalació

There is disclosed a membrane formulation having high flux for forward osmosis applications. There is 1
disclosed a forward osmosis filtration membrane having a salt rejection 99+% or greater, and
comprising an asymmetric hydrophobic porous backing and cellulosic fibers. The membranes of the
present invention find use in a variety of applications including osmotic-driven water purification and
filtration, desalination of sea water, purification of contaminated aqueous waste streams, and the like.
Specifically, there is disclosed a forward osmosis filtration membrane having a skin layer for salt
rejection and a porous scaffold layer having a woven or non- woven mesh embedded within i

Compositions and methods and for contaminants from water are provided. The compositions
comprise ferric hydroxide and ferric oxyhydride coated substrates for use in removing the contaminant
from the water. Contacting water bearing the contaminant with the substrates can substantially reduce
contaminant levels therein. Methods of oxidizing the contaminants in water to facilitate their removal
by the ferric hydroxide and ferric oxyhydride coated substrates are also provided. The contaminants
include, but are not limited to, arsenic, selenium, uranium, lead, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc,
chromium and vanadium, their oxides and soluble salts thero

The present invention is directed to various sets of unit operations for treating aqueous effluents and 1
logic for designing and effecting the treatment. The unit operations include stabilization of
subterranean waters, sequential oxidation steps to alter selected target materials, oxidation to break
up emulsions prior to removal of the emulsion components, and intense oxidation to break up difficult-
to-remove organic target material
Disclosed are novel water membranes comprising lipid bilayers incorporating functional aqua- porins. 1
The lipid bilayers are arranged in sandwich structures including hydrophilic or hydro¬ phobic support
materials. Also disclosed are water purification devices/systems, including reverse osmosis filtering
devices that include membranes having functional aquaporins. Methods of water purification and
methods of preparing the membranes are also disclosed. Further, the invention provides for a new
type of perforated, hydrophobic polymer film and to membranes containing lipid bilayers having other
transmembrane proteins than aquaporins introduce

A water treatment system for use in situations where power means, such as electricity, are either non- 1
existent, too expensive or temporarily unavailable, for example due to catastrophic circumstances, is
provided. The system includes means to create pressure that drives raw water through preselected
treatment media so as to purify and filter water, particularly brackish water, so that it is made potable.
The system includes the use of physical and chemical treatment means, including carbon, reverse
osmosis and anti-microbial medi

A method of maintaining water quality in a swimming pool, the method including using a filter system 1
having an inlet for receiving water from the pool to filter the water to remove micro-debris. The method
also includes substantially preventing ingress of macro debris into the inlet, thereby allowing the
macro-debris to be removed at a later time.$Procédé de maintien de la qualité de l'eau dans
une piscine, le procédé comprenant l'utilisation d'un système de filtre ayant une arrivée pour
recevoir l'eau de la piscine afin de filtrer l'eau pour enlever des micro-débris. Le procédé
comprend également l'empêchement en grande partie de l'entrée de macro-débris dans
l'arrivée, permettant de ce fait aux macro-débris d'être enlevés à un moment ultérieu

The present invention relates to a water purifying system with a mixed- water supply means, more 1
particularly, to a water purifying system with a mixed- water supply means, which can accomplish the
completeness in the water purification and sterilization, and the like, by being operated in a principle
of compression and expansion such that the mixed- water is discharged through a built-in pipe, which
is arranged on a water passage and installed in a housing accommodating the mixed- water and an
air layer to introduce water and discharge the mixed- water, in order to discharge the hot water and/or
cold water of the water purifying device, when a coke is opened, and the water is introduced into the
inside of the supply means of the mixed- water through the built-in pipe, when the coke is close

The present invention relates to an immersed hollow fiber membrane module. More particularly, the 1
present invention relates to an immersed hollow- fiber membrane module into which a guide for
protecting and supporting the hollow fiber membrane and a new type of air diffuser to prevent
entanglement and damage of the hollow fiber membrane and minimize fouling of the hollow fiber
membran

The invention refers to a method for membrane filtration of a product in a membrane plant (1), 1
containing the phases A) filtering the product with a first membrane system (2) of the membrane plant
(1), B) cleaning the first membrane system (2) by a multi-step cleaning procedure including at least
one rinsing-step with water and at least one cleaning step with a cleaning solution, resulting in at least
one contaminated cleaning solution, C) filtering the at least one contaminated cleaning solution with a
second membrane system (9), resulting in a recovered cleaning solution and D) using the recovered
cleaning solution in a cleaning step of phase B
The invention relates to a drinking water generation and supply ship with a hull, comprising a tank for 1
storage of the generated drinking water, a tank to accommodate sea water, and a device for
generation of drinking water from sea water by the principle of reverse osmosis and devices for
transfer of the generated drinking water to a land station. The device for generation of drinking water
is embodied as a one-piece large assembly and the electric power required thereby is drawn from the
ship's electrical system, which also supply the electric propulsion motors for the propulsion of the ship
with electric powe

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for treatment of water in an establishment in 1
which water is circulated in a cycle. The method may particularly be used in purification of bathwater
in a bath establishment. Water is lead from a pool (2), via a conduit (9) and through a filter (3a, 3b,
3c). Thereafter, the water is returned to the pool 2. Hydrogen peroxide is supplied in order to disinfect
the water. The filter or filters contain(s) small soda lime glass ball

Sea water is extracted from a depth in excess of 400 meters below the sea surface and desalinated to 1
produce potable water. A system to extract, desalinate and store the desalinated sea water is
mounted aboard a shi

The present invention generally relates to a water treatment system and a sanitization system and 1
method. A sanitization fluid, typically water at a pharmaceutically acceptable temperature, is
intermittently provided to the water treatment system for minimal periods of tim
A device to measure the amount of ultraviolet (UV) light that can transmit through a water sample,
relative to the amount of UV light that can transmit through a sample of known UV transmittance. The
measurement is known in the industry as UV percent transmittance (UVT). UVT can also be
represented as UV absorbance (UVA) with the use of a simple mathematical calculation. UVT and
UVA are essentially just different expressions of the same measurement. Preferably the sample of
known UV transmittance (blank sample) has a UVT of 100%. A single UV sensor is used to measure
the amount of UV light that transmits through the blank sample and through the water sample under
test. In order to maintain accuracy, compensation must be made for fluctuations or drift in the UV lamp
output. Such fluctuation and drift is very common in UV lamps and is due primarily to changes in
temperature and imperfections in the ballast and lamp. Therefore the UV sensor measures the
amount of light being emitted by the lamp at the times before and/or after the UV sensor measures
the amount of UV light that transmits through the blank sample and the water sample. A
microprocessor is used to compute the UVT which is calculated as the UVT of the water sample under
test divided by the UVT of the blank sample while using the detector readings to compensate the
calculated UVT for any drift and fluctuations in the UV lamp output.$L'invention concerne un dispositif
de mesure de la quantité de lumière ultraviolette (UV) qui peut être transmise à travers un
échantillon d'eau, par rapport à la quantité de lumière UV pouvant être transmise à travers un
échantillon à transmittance UV connue. La mesure est connue dans l'industrie sous le nom de
détermination du pourcentage de transmittance UV (UVT). L'UVT peut également être
représentée par l'absorbance UV (UVA) par un simple calcul mathématique. L'UVT et l'UVA sont
seulement des expressions différentes pour la même mesure. De préférence, l'échantillon de
transmittance UV connue (échantillon de contrôle) possède une UVT de 100 %. Un seul capteur
UV est utilisé pour mesurer la quantité de lumière UV transmise à travers l'échantillon de
contrôle et à travers l'échantillon d'eau en cours d'analyse. Afin de conserver la précision, il est
nécessaire de compenser les fluctuations ou la dérive de la puissance lumineuse de la lampe UV.
Ce type de fluctuation et de dérive est très fréquent dans les lampes UV et est dû
principalement aux changements de température et aux imperfections dans le ballast et la lampe.
Ainsi, le capteur UV mesure la quantité de lumière émise par la lampe avant et/ou après la
mesure par le capteur UV de la quantité de lumière UV émise à travers l'échantillon de contrÃ
´le et l'échantillon d'eau. Un microprocesseur est utilisé pour calculer l'UVT qui est calculée
comme l'UVT de l'échantillon d'eau en cours d'analyse divisée par l'UVT de l'échantillon de
contrôle, les relevés du détecteurs étant utilisés pour compenser l'UVT calculée pour
chaque dérive et fluctuation de puissance de la lampe U

The heated exhaust from a gas turbine-powered electrical generator mounted on a structure 1
positioned offshore on the surface of a body of water is transferred to water to be desalinated to aid in
the desalination process by providing heat for distillation or by raising the temperature of water to be
desalinated to a temperature more suitable for efficient desalination by reverse osmosis or another
method. The electricity produced by the generator and the desalinated water produced by the
desalination system are conveyed to a land-based distribution center for use on land. Concentrate
produced by the desalination system can be diluted prior to discharge into the body of water to reduce
the impact on the environmen

Disclosed is a device for cleaning and/or disinfecting filters, comprising a housing (8) with a first inlet 1
(10) for water that is to be filtered and a second outlet (11) for filtered water, a filter unit (9) located in
the housing, and a second inlet (14) for cleaners and/or disinfectants. Said device is characterized in
that a discharge port of a pressurized receptacle (12) containing the cleaner and/or disinfectant can
be connected in a fluid-tight manner to the second inlet for cleaners and/or disinfectants without using
a supply tube. Filter units can thus be cleaned and disinfected effectively by simply and safely adding
chemicals from a pressurized receptacle without requiring a major infrastructure encompassing
pumps, reservoirs, and supply tube

A filter (1) comprising a filter element (3) having a partition wall of porous body for forming a cell (4) 1
becoming a liquid channel, and a casing (2) capable of incorporating the filter element (3), wherein
the filter element (3) is incorporated in the casing (2) so as to pass fluid in the vertical direction G. The
filter element (3) is incorporated in the casing (2) such that the cell (4) is formed so as to have its
diameter decreased in a tapered shape from one end (4b) toward the other end (4a), original liquid
flows into the cell (4) from one end (4b) side of the cell, and foreign matters deposited on the partition
wall in the cell (4) can be discharged to one end (4b) side of the cell during backwashing. A filter (1)
for cleaning water in which clogging of the cell with stripped suspension substances can be
suppressed when the suspension substances deposited on the partition wall through filtering
operation are stripped by backwashing is also provide
Methods for electrolytic oxygenation of aqueous systems, including substantially immersing an anode 1
and a cathode in an aqueous medium, injecting oxygen into the aqueous medium, and applying a
current to the electrode

An immersed membrane system or process may use measured or calculated process information to 1
optimize one or more process operating parameters to improve performance or reduce operating
costs. An on-line process control system or method may use the resistance in series method in
operating an immersed water treatment system. A process control system or process may consider
resistance values and adjust operational parameters such as membrane aeration frequency factor,
membrane aeration flow, permeate flux, permeation duration, backwash flow and duration, relaxation
duration or maintenance or recovery chemical cleaning frequencies in order to reduce the operational
costs related to membrane fouling remova

A method for treating water containing a hardly-degradable substance, the method comprising the 1
following steps (B) to (E): (B) adding an adsorbent to water containing a hardly-degradable substance
to cause the adsorption of the hardly-degradable substance onto the adsorbent (a adsorption
treatment step); (C) separating a solution passing through a filtration membrane to concentrate the
adsorbent having the hardly-degradable substance attached thereto (a membrane filtration treatment
step); (D) degrading the hardly-degradable substance adsorbed onto the concentrated adsorbent (a
hardly-degradable substance degradation step); and (E) returning the adsorbent recycled after the
hardly-degradable substance degradation back to the adsorption treatment step (B) (an adsorbent-
returning step); and an apparatus for use in the treatmen

A water treatment device capable of solving problems in a conventional water treatment device 1
wherein many unnecessary spaces are formed and an installation place is inconvenient to secure
since a demineralizer, a several quantity of water purifying system filters, and a water storage tank are
formed independent of each other, and for home-use, a water purifier and a demineralizer are placed
in a sink and a pressure water storage tank is allowed to communicate with a place other than the
sink through a water pipe such as a hose since the water treatment device cannot be stored in the
sink of a kitchen. In this water treatment device, these unnecessary spaces can be eliminated by
forming water purifying system treatment devices, a reverse osmosis membrane demineralizer, and a
water storage tank integrally with each othe

Disclosed are an apparatus and a system for filtering water for purification including a filter case 1
having an inflow port formed in a lower end thereof; at least one filter membrane installed aslant
toward a flow direction of water running from a lower portion of the filter case to an upper portion of
the filter case; and an injection unit for ejecting the filtered water toward an upper surface of the filter
membrane to detach pollutants attached to a lower surface of the filter membrane, wherein the water
containing the pollutants flows through the inflow port into the filter case, and then is filtered through
the filter membrane and discharged through the open upper side during a filtering operation, and
wherein pollutants accumulated on the lower portion of the filter membrane are discharged through
the inflow port to the outside during an operation for discharging the pollutant

The present invention provides an electrolysis ozone-generating apparatus which comprises pure 1
water tank and electrolysis ozonizer, characterized in that a reverse penetrating film water disposal
unit is disposed in front of the pure water tank. The generator can realize automatic supply of pure
water, thereby avoiding the inconvenience of apply, store and add of pure water, and avoiding the
danger of miss add of impure water and pollution of pure wate
This invention discloses a reverse osmosis based drinking water purification process for producing 1
purified water with controlled natural mineral content comprising: (a)Demineralization of raw water by
reverse osmosis process; (b)Subjecting reverse osmosis treated demineralised water to atleast a step
of controlled natural mineral incorporation in a manner as herein described; (c)Optionally purifying the
water obtained in step (b) above by passing through further filtration stages to obtain purified and
fortified with natural mineral content wate

Desalination is an important process to meet increasing demands of salt free water. Desalination in 1
the current scenario is met by 1) Evaporation (solar or mechanical) 2) freezing 3) ion exchange 4)
Electro Dialysis 5) Reverse osmosis 6) Nano filtration 7) Electrostatic separation etc. Most of the
above systems suffer the limitation of higher equipment, energy and operational cost. With increasing
pollution problems, a simple, appropriate and economical technology will solve this problem of
desalination / TDS removal from water. The invention describes a simple desalination system
comprising of the following components. 1) Blower unit (for withdrawal of atmospheric air) 2) Heat
exchanger unit (to provide heat energy for evaporation) 3) Salt water atomizer unit (to generate air
water dispersion) 4) Heat reaction chamber (to provide time for salt cracking) 5) Gas expansion unit
(to enhance easy separation of salt) 6) Stationary salt arresting damper units in sequence (to
separate solid salt) 7) Optional sand crystal/silica gel bed (final separation of solid salt). 8) Cooling
tower / condenser unit for salt free water (to convert air-water vapour to liquid water). 9) Pure water
collection unit (for storing pure water from cooling system). The principle is, air atomised evaporation
of saline water using heat energy. Salt is best separated in solid form is hot air dispersion. The
cracked salt crystals are separated by a novel, simple surface adsorption mechanism and the residual
air-water vapour is condensed or cooled to deliver salt free pure water. The invention presented in the
patent application relates to a simple and economical means by desalination of water and provides
scope for alternate technology adaptable for industrial, domestic and agricultural needs and provide
excellent alternate scope to counter TDS pollutio

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a metallic membrane, more particularly to a 1
method for preparing metallic membranes, which comprises dissolving a transition metal of Period 3
and its alloy particle powder and synthetic polyer in a fixed ratio; radiating or casting to prepare a
membrane precursor; oxidizing the synthetic polymer on the membrane precursor under a mixed
gaseous atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen; and sintering the membrane precursor at a
predetermined temperature. The metallic membrane prepared by the process of the present invention
has excellent mechanical and chemical properties and enables to maintain a relatively small pore size
and high porocity than traditional membranes. Therefore, it is useful for water treatmen

The invention relates to a system for obtaining sterile oxygenated water. The inventive system
comprises: one section which treats raw water and which is equipped with a water inlet that is
connected to a sensor for detecting the turbidity of the water; an ultraviolet radiation chamber for
sterilising the water; a venturi mixer for mixing the sterilised water with the ozone produced in the
ozone-generating section formed by an ambient air inlet which is joined to an air injection turbine
which, in turn, is connected to an air filter; an ambient air dehumidifier which is joined to an oxygen
concentrator; a chamber for the pre-ionisation of ultraviolet rays, which performs a first O2 ionisation;
and finally a standard high-voltage reactor for the ozone conversion of any remaining free molecules
from said first ionisation. In addition, a filter can be added to the water-sterilisation section, after the
water inlet, in order to eliminate solids from the water. Furthermore, a flowmeter is added in order to
meter the passage of the water and a water cooler is provided in order to maintain the low
temperature of the flow of water, such as to prevent ozone degradatio
The invention relates to producing filtering materials for cleaning and disinfecting water, water 1
solutions and other liquids and for carrying out a sterilising filtration of injection and other solutions, for
concentrating biomolecules in physiological liquids, concentrating and extracting viruses and for
preparing apyrogenic water in biocatalytic membrane reactors. The aim of said invention is to develop
a novel filtering material which exhibits high-absorbing properties, a highly efficient retention of a
submicron electronegative particles, microorganisms, submicron nonpolar particles and chemical
impurities and which has a low hydrodynamic resistance. The inventive filtering material comprises a
base in the form of a non-woven organic synthetic polymer fabric modified by aluminium oxide
hydrate particles which are fixed to the surfaces of the base fibres for improving the absorbing
properties thereof and providing it with an electric charge. The filtering material production method is
carried out by applying a modifying agent, which is embodied in the form of an organic synthetic
polymer fabric, to the fibre base, wherein said modifying agent comprises particles of aluminium-
based material whose hydrolysis generates the formation of aluminium oxide hydrate particles on the
base fibres and enables said particles to be fixed thereto. A method for filtering liquid medium is
carried out by means of the filtering material which is embodied in the form of a non-woven organic
synthetic polymer fabric provided with the aluminium oxide hydrate particles fixed to the fibres thereo

A microporous membrane for flash distillation comprising at least three layers having distinct 1
properties is disclosed. Generally, the membranes contain outer layers of relatively small pore size,
with an interior layer with relatively large pore size. The invention is also directed to a system for
desalinization comprising a source of hot brin

Nanoporous membranes comprising single walled, double walled, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes 1
embedded in a matrix material were fabricated for fluid mechanics and mass transfer studies on the
nanometer scale and commercial applications. Average pore size can be 2 nm to 20 nm, or seven nm
or less, or two nanometers or less. The membrane can be free of large voids spanning the membrane
such that transport of material such as gas or liquid occurs exclusively through the tubes. Fast fluid,
vapor, and liquid transport are observed. Versatile micromachining methods can be used for
membrane fabrication. A single chip can comprise multiple membranes. These membranes are a
robust platform for the study of confined molecular transport, with applications in liquid and gas
separations and chemical sensing including desalination, dialysis, and fabric formatio

Reverse osmosis filtration systems that are self contained and easily converted from above the 1
counter use to below the counter use. The systems feature a simple construction, including a two
piece manifold assembly to which filters, including a reverse osmosis filter, a product water storage
tank and a control valve connect, all without separate fasteners. The manifold assembly provides all
water connections within the system, and includes connections to connect to a water supply, a drain,
two dispensers and to an auxiliary water storage tank. The system pressurizes squeeze water for
product water dispensing, providing maximum efficiency, maximum storage capacity for a given tank
size and maximum pressure for dispensing product water. Various embodiments are disclose

The present invention is directed to an alternative compact portable filtration device that can be used 1
in remote locations and includes a single filtration cartridge that provides redundant filtration of the
fluid (water). In particular, the device is a dual stage ultrafilter cartridge (apparatus) that is constructed
and designed to provide a portable device that can be used in the field, such as during camping or
military assignment, and offers two filtration stages (redundant filtration) within a single housin
The invention relates to a method and device for microfiltering solid substance-containing liquids, 1
wherein a filtering performance decrease caused by a covering layer formation is diminished by the
operation of a low excess-pressure filter on the input side and a filtering performance is increased by
applying an underpressure on a filtrate side. The underpressure is produced by the use of a special
filtering pump. Surprisingly, it is displayed that the covering layer formation is substantially delayed
when a driving force, a pressure difference respectively, is primary produced by applying an excessive
pressure on the filtrate side and non by the application thereof on the input side. In order to obtain a
quasi-continuous operation with a permanent filtering performance by automatically cleaning the filter,
the covering layer consisting of impurity particles is removed, when a threshold pressure is attained,
by the combination of a short term backflushing and cleaning of the filter surface by a high-pressure
nozzl

The invention concerns a water clarifying device comprising a flotation zone (c), a membrane-based 1
filtering zone (e) and extracting means (d), the flotation zone (c) and the membrane-based filtering
zone (e) having a common partition wall (P), the common partition wall (P) including in its lower part
an opening (o) directly allowing through flotated water towards the filtering zone (e), thereby feeding
the membranes with flotated water from down upwards both in filtering phase and in backwashing
phas

This invention is directed to an integrated process and system for water treatment, in particular, an 1
integrated process and system for water treatment in the beverage manufacture cycle. The water
treatment process is directed to treating an influent water solution, a low sugar concentration solution,
and a high sugar concentration solution. The water treatment system is directed to a system for
treating an influent water solution, a system for treating a low sugar concentration solution, and
system for treating a high sugar concentration solutio

Water (23) containing micro/nanobubbles generated by micro/nanobubble generation tank (6) is

introduced in charcoal water tank (11) packed with charcoal (15) and having air diffusion pipe (12)
arranged therein, and treated. The thus treated water is introduced in membrane unit (21) and
treated. In this manner, the activity of microbes having multiplied on the charcoal (15) is increased by
the micro/nanobubbles, thereby strikingly enhancing the potency of decomposition disposal of
underwater organic matter. Consequently, the organic matter load on the membrane unit (21) can be
reduced to thereby prevent any phenomenon of choking by organic matter. Further, a minute amount
of alcohols or salts are added as a micro/nanobubble generation auxiliary to the micro/nanobubble
generation tank (6) so as to enhance the efficiency of micro/nanobubbles generated. In that instance,
the above alcohols or salts are not only simply decomposed in the charcoal water tank (11) but also
easily removed by the downstream membrane unit (21), thereby being free from any negative impact
on the membrane unit (21

Disclosed is a vinylidene fluoride resin follow fiber porous membrane which has a micropore (A) 1
having a pore size (average pore size) appropriate for the treatment of (filtered) water and a more
uniform pore size distribution, has a good microparticle (bacterium)-blocking efficiency through the
micropore, and has a large transmissibility (B). The membrane comprises a vinylidene fluoride resin
porous membrane in the form of a follow fiber and has the following characteristics (A) and (B):
[Pmax(1m)/Pm], which is the ratio of the maximum pore size (Pmax(1m)) as determined by the bubble
point method at the length of 1 m to the average pore size (Pm) as determined by the half-dry method
(Pm = 0.05 to 0.20 µm), is 4.0 or less; and (B) [F(L=200 mm, v=70%)/Pm2], which is the ratio of the
converted value (F)(L=200 mm, v=70%)(m/day) in terms of void content (v=70%) of the
transmissibility as measured under the conditions of difference in pressure of 100 kPa and water
temperature of 25ºC at the length (L) of 200 mm to the square value (Pm2) of the average pore size
(Pm) (µm), is 3000 (m/day·µm2) or higher. The membrane can be produced by a method comprising
the step of subjecting a stretched vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane to a
relaxation process comprising at least two stages in a non-wet atmospher
A filter element consists of a drainage element (4) and a filter membrane (1) placed directly thereon. 1
Said drainage element (4) is preferably embodied in the form of a polymer spacer fabri

The present invention relates to a manually operable device for purifying water, comprising a water 1
container for receiving and holding an amount of non-purified water, comprising a bottom and side
walls and adapted to receive a manually operable piston- type filter assembly, said filter assembly
comprising filtering means for filtering said non- purified water, wherein said filter assembly is adapted
to be manually forced towards the bottom of the said container, thereby allowing non-purified water to
pass through the said filtering means thereby purifying the water. With the device according to the
invention a low- cost water purifier is provided which can be used to provide an improved drinking
water quality under primitive (outdoor) conditions, wherein no water pressure and/or electricity is
presen

Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a system, which can comprise a cage. The cage can 1
define a chamber that can at least partially surround a tank. The system can comprise a plurality of
water treatment components adapted to receive a non-potable water input and to provide a potable
water outpu

In order to pre-filter untreated water in a solar operable drinking water treatment plant, two sieve filters 1
(11, 12) are provided whose perforated filter inserts (17) can be cleaned by a rotating cleaning brush
(23). The cleaning brush (23) is driven by a 24V/ DC electric motor (25) and is sporadically rotated. A
membrane pressure accumulator (37) is situated downstream from the pre-filtering. This membrane
pressure accumulator (37) serves to back flush the pre-filter (11, 12) during the cleaning of the
perforated filter inserts (17) with the brush (23). One sieve filter (11, 12) at a time is back flushed while
bypassing the sieve filter(s) (12) that is/are situated downstrea

The present invention relates to moulded filters, for use in gravity water filtration devices and a 1
process for making such moulded filters. It is an object of the invention to provide filter media that
provide high and consistent flow rates in gravity-fed water purification devices while ensuring effective
removal of particulate contaminants. The invention relates to a process for producing said filters
comprising the steps of: mixing 1 part by weight polymeric binder having a Melt Flow Rate less than 5
g/10 minutes, with 1 to 20 parts by weight filter medium in presence of a fluid wherein amount of said
fluid is not more than 4 times the amount of said filter medium, moulding the mix obtained in step (a),
optionally, compressing said mould, heating said mould to a temperature in the range 150°C to
350°C and demoulding the moulded filter. The invention also relates to moulded filters for use in
gravity water filters.$La présente invention concerne des filtres moulés, destinés à une
utilisation dans des dispositifs de filtration d'eau par gravité et un processus pour la fabrication de
tels filtres moulés. L'un des objets de l'invention consiste à mettre à disposition des milieux filtrants
donnant des débits élevés et réguliers dans les dispositifs de purification d'eau alimentés
par gravité tout en assurant une élimination efficace des contaminants particulaires. L'invention
concerne un processus de production desdits filtres comportant les étapes consistant à :
mélanger 1 partie en poids de liant polymérique doté d'un indice de fluidité inférieur à 5
g/10 minutes, avec 1 à 20 parties en poids d'un milieu filtrant en présence d'un fluide, la quantité
dudit fluide ne dépassant pas 4 fois la quantité dudit milieu filtrant, mouler le mélange obtenu Ã
l'étape précédente, éventuellement comprimer ledit moule, chauffer ledit moule à une
température dans la plage de 150°C à 350°C et démouler le filtre moulé. L'invention
concerne également des filtres moulés destinés à une utilisation dans des filtres à eau par
gravit
The invention relates to a water treatment method comprising a liquid/solid separation step (1) 1
followed by at least one filtration step (2). The invention is characterised in that the liquid/solid
separation step (1) comprises a settling step which is performed at a surface velocity of more than 15
m/h and in that the filtration step (2) is performed directly on at least one microfiltration or ultrafiltration
membran

A closed loop water purification system comprising a feed water line (42) to supply feed water, a high 1
pressure feed pump (62), a filter assembly (66) having an inlet supplied by the high pressure feed
pump, a distribution line (68) and a reject water line (70), the reject line returning reject water from the
filter assembly to the feed water line, the distribution line supplying at least one purified water take off
point (86) and returning to a junction (50) in the feed water line upstream of the high pressure feed
pump. The reject water line is connected to the junction in the feed water line upstream of the high
pressure feed pump. A first backflow prevention device (48) is on the feed water line upstream of the
junction. A second backflow prevention device (100) is on the distribution line upstream of the junction
and a third backflow prevention device (80) is on the reject water line upstream of the junction. A
heater system (56) is in one of the distribution line, the reject line or the feed water lin

Water treatment method and apparatus according to which supply water containing dissolved matter 1
is delivered to at least one treatment surface. An electric field is created in the vicinity of the treatment
surface to cause a hydration layer to be established due to the bipolar nature of the water molecules.
Water is then extracted from the hydration layer. Such extraction may be effected by osmosis or by
removal of the element (s) from the supply water with the hydration layer water thereon, dehydration
layer water subsequently being extracted from the element (s) . The method has been devised to
reduce energy consumption for the purpose of providing potable water from seawater

A method for evaluating the integrity of microfiltration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes, 1
which method comprises passing a liquid that contains a substantially mono-dispersed population of
nano-probes through said membrane to form a permeate and testing said permeate for the presence
of said nano-probes, wherein the non-detection of said nano-probes in said permeate indicates that
said membrane is substantially intac

An ultraviolet irradiation water-treatment apparatus (10) comprising a container (20) having a

cylindrical side surface part (21). A plurality of bar-like ultraviolet lamps (30A) to (30F) are so installed
in the container (20) as to be parallel with the center axis (S) of the side surface part (21). An inlet
tube (22) for flowing the water to be treated (W1) into the apparatus is provided onto the outer wall of
the side surface part (21) at a position along the tangential direction of the inner periphery of the side
surface part (21
A method and apparatus for producing Reactive Oxidizing Species (ROS) used to purity air, soil, and
water is describe

The present invention relates to a process for rejuvenation of used carbon blocks of a filter cartridge 1
used for filtration of water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for rejuvenation
of used carbon blocks of a water filter cartridge, that restores the ability of the carbon block to remove
particulate material including micro-organisms, like cysts, while giving the desired high flow rate,
consistently over a large volume of inlet water. Accordingly, the present invention provides a process
for rejuvenating a used carbon block of a filter cartridge for filtration of water comprising the step of
drying said carbon block to a moisture content of 1% to 30

The present invention provides a water treatment system and method, more particularly, to a water
treatment system comprising a water supplier, an oxidation-processing unit both combining with the
water supplier and processing water with a hydroxyl radical generated by reaction of both ozone and
peroxy radical, and a peroxy radical generating unit for both generating the peroxy radical through
oxygen reacting with titanium dioxide as a catalyst under ultraviolet rays and exhausting the peroxy
radical to the oxidation-processing unit, and a water treatment method thereof. The present invention
much improves the efficiency of water purification by increasing the generating rate of hydroxyl
radical, minimizes the supplying of ozone gas and the size of water treating apparatus so that it can
solve such problem as exceeding plottage and expense

A liquid treatment arrangement, in particular water treatment arrangement (1) is specified having at 1
least one reverse osmosis membrane unit (8a, 8b) which comprises an inlet (7), a permeate outlet
(10) and a concentrate outlet (13), and a transport device which is connected to the inlet (7) and
comprises a pump (6) connected to an electric motor (14) and a hydraulic motor (16) and has an input
line (5), the hydraulic motor (16) being arranged between the concentrate outlet (13) and a disposal
connection (18). It is wished to be able to carry out cleaning of such a water treatment arrangement
with low expenditure. For this purpose it is provided that the hydraulic motor (16) can be operated as
a flushing pump which transports permeate into the membrane unit (8a, 8b

The present invention relates to a filter cartridge for filtration of water which ensures desired 1
particulate removal including microorganisms like cysts while giving the desired high flow rate more
consistently over a larger volume of inlet water, as compared to the prior art cartridges. Accordingly,
the present invention provides a filter cartridge for filtration of water comprising a carbon block (CB)
that is seated in a receptacle wherein said carbon block is detachably attachable in said receptacle
using a fastening means (STl, ST2) and a gasket means (G) wherein said filter cartridge comprises a
collection chamber (CC) positioned below the carbon block (CB) in the receptacle for holding the
water that exits the carbon block, said collection chamber comprising a dome shaped holder plate
(HP) provided with at least one water discharge port (DP) said plate positioned in close proximity to
the carbon block, and an outlet nozzle (ON) for water having an inlet and outlet end (IE, OE) , said
inlet end (IE) positioned in close proximity to the under side of said plate such that all the water
passing through the carbon block collects in the space between the top of the plate and the carbon
block before exiting through the discharge port to fill the collection chamber and exit through the nozzl

A water supply sub-system for connection to a water quality analyzer unit includes a water purification
unit (38-40-42-44) co-located with thw water quality analyzer unit (100). Raw reference water (36) is
introduced into the water purification unit (38-40-42-44) and passed along a flow path including at
least a water purification element including a reverse osmosis unit (42). An automated reference
water valve (32) provides purified reference water to the water quality analyzer unit (100) at
predetermined time intervals for use in instrumental zeroing events. Small volumes of water are
purified at regular intervals using high efficiency water purification elements for low volume, thereby
eliminating the need to maintain a reservoir of water for instrumental zeroing purpose
A method for treating effluents, in particular waters containing pathogenic or non-pathogenic 1
microorganisms with the aid of a membrane bioreactor (R) for biologically purifying by using a
compatible biomass consists in forming a loop (B) for treating the bioreactor mixed liquor in such a
way that the level of concentration of microorganisms therein is reduced, wherein said treatment
consists in carrying out a solid/liquid separation (12) with a cut-off threshold selected in such a way
that the microorganisms, in particular targeted by the method, remain in a liquid phase (L) and a
purifying biomass is retained in a solid phase (S), in carrying out a disinfecting and/or sterilising
treatment (D) of the liquid phase and in returning the thus treated liquid phase to the bioreacto

Hollow fiber membrane module (1) comprising membrane bundle (20) consisting of a bundle of 1
multiple hollow fiber membranes (10); tubular body (30) for accommodating of the membrane bundle
(20); fixing member (40, 50) for fixing of at least one of the ends of the membrane bundle (20) to the
tubular body (30); and raw water outflow nozzle (34) for outflowing of raw water from the vicinity of
fixing member (40). The raw water having been fed into the interior of the tubular body (30) passes
through the hollow fiber membranes (10) from the outside to the inside thereof. Soft potting member
(42) at its surface brought into contact with raw water is provided with at least one conduit (43

The invention provides a composite semipermeable membrane which exhibits a high salt rejection 1
ratio and high rejection even against boron non-dissociative in the neutral region. The composite
semipermeable membrane is produced by using, in forming a polyamide separation function layer on
a porous supporting membrane, an organic solvent solution containing a specific alicyclic or aromatic
compound so as to make the polyamide constituting the separation function layer contain in the
molecule a partial structure defined by the wording ""an alicyclic or aromatic group having two or more
specific substituents, at least one of which contains a heteroatom linkage and bears carbonyl at the ß-
or ?-position"

An apparatus for purification treatment of domestic drinking water exhibits a supply conduit (2) for 1
non-treated water, which conduit (2) is hydraulically connected to means for separating (1') connected
to a valve (14) via a second conduit (12). The apparatus includes means for purifying (1"") located
downstream of the means for separating (1') and directly connected via a mechanical connection to
the valve (14) in order to prevent bacterial retro-contamination upstream of the valve (14). The
process for purifying the water includes a stage of treatment, obtained with the means for separating
(1') and a stage of purification, obtained with the means for purifying (1""), performed immediately
before dispensing the wate

A method and a device (2) for destruction of organic material in injection water for an injection well (4),
in which a means (10) for introduction of water in the injection well (4), and at least one
electrochemical cell (16) with associated operating means are used for in situ electrolytic generation
from water of at least short-lived, free hydroxyl radicals. The distinctive characteristic of the invention
is that it comprises the following steps: (A) to connect the at least one electrochemical cell (16) to the
injection well (4); and (B) by means of said operating means, to conduct the injection water through
said cell (16) for in situ generation of at least free hydroxyl radicals from the injection water, insofar as
free hydroxyl radicals immediately destruct organic material that they engage in the injection water.
The invention also comprises use of water, which is to be injected into an injection well (4), as a
source material for in situ electrolytic generation of said hydroxyl radicals for immediately destruction
of organic material in the injection wate

The invention relates to a method for the treatment of salt water having a salt content of 1 g/l to 60g/l, 1
which is used in a private pool, a therapy basin or the like and operates in a closed circuit, the salt
water flowing through a filter body with living microorganisms which is dimensioned in such a way that
organic substances present in the salt water are completely or nearly completely degraded, the
phosphates resulting from the degradation being bound. The invention also relates to a salt water
treatment facility comprising a container for water for industrial use (1), a water withdrawal device (2),
a filter device (3) and a circulating device (5) for circulating the salt water. The filter device has a filter
body (3) with living microorganims, which is dimensioned in such a way that organic substances
present in the salt water are completely or nearly completely degraded by said microorganisms. This
method and this facility allow the elimination of organic impurities in a reliable manner and their
operation is particularly environment friendl
The present invention relates to a method for recovering an organic-inorganic element-doped metal
oxide from a hydrolysable metal compound, accompanied with contaminated water treatment. The
present invention comprises steps of: a) adding a hydrolysable metal compound as a coagulant to a
contaminated water to form a separable floc between the hydrolysable metal compound and
contaminants present in contaminated water; b) separating the separable floc and the pre-treated
water after flocculation treatment; and c) calcinating the separated floc over 500¿0?C to produce an
organic-inorganic element-doped metal oxide. More preferably, the present invention further
comprises subjecting the pre-treated water of the step b) to a microwave treatment to cause a
photocatalytic degradation of an organic contaminant that remains in the pre-treated water, with the
assistance of the remaining hydrolysable metal compound. A novel titanium compound is found as an
alternative coagulant instead of iron and aluminum salts which most widely use in water treatment.
Ability, capacity and efficiency of flocculation as the proposed titanium coagulant are similar to those
of FeCl?3#191 and alum coagulants in terms of removing organic matter. Titania produced by
calcination of the separated floc after TiCl?4#191 flocculation is mainly doped with C and P atom

[PROBLEMS] To provide a polyvinylidene fluoride microporous film which has high water permeability 1
and separation performance and is excellent in mechanical and chemical strengths; and a process for
production of the film. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] An anisotropic polyvinylidene fluoride
hollow yarn type microporous film characterized in that the void content of the sectional bulk layer is
higher than the open interstice content of the outer skin and that in the section of the film, the dense
microstructure of the outer skin changes substantially discontinuously into the coarse structure of the
bulk layer. The microporous film can be produced by introducing by a dry-wet method a dope
prepared by dissolving a polyvinylidene fluoride resin together with a water-soluble latent solvent at
high temperature into a cooling bath consisting of water or a mixture thereof with a water-soluble
latent solvent and subjecting the dope to film formation wherein the sectional bulk layer is formed
mainly by heat-induced phase separation and the outer skin is formed mainly by nonsolvent-induced
phase separatio

An ultraviolet water radiation arrangement where there is a single reflector which is in the form of a
cylinder in which both one or more ultraviolet lamps together with one or more r tubes/conduits
carrying liquid, such as water, are located within and generally have a parallel axis with the cylindrical
shape of the reflecto

Water permeable membranes and methods of forming water permeable membranes are provided. 1
The water permeable membranes comprise at least one hydrophilic and reactive additiv

An accessory (100), and a method therefor, added between a water source such as a water bottle (B)
and a water dispenser (D). The water is disinfected as it flows, generally by gravity, from the source
through a UVC, i.e., Ultraviolet C), water treatment reactor (105) within the accessory (100).
Disinfected water is supplied to the water dispenser's supply reservoir (R). It may be then consumed
with a diminished risk of transmission of disease and/or sickness to the consumer, thereby decreasing
the risks to the person's healt
The invention relates to a plant for the desalination/purification of brackish water and industrial waste 1
with zero liquid discharge, including reverse osmosis (1 and 9) or filtering (20) modules, containers for
receiving waste (18), a centrifugal module (6), dryers (7 and 17), a heating circuit (11) and high-
vacuum chambers (14) fitted with ejectors (15) that are supplied with fresh water as a driving fluid.
The invention also includes an internal combustion engine (12) which is connected to an alternator
(19) in order to produce electric power. The invention takes the form of a combined heat and power
plant which, in addition to producing the power necessary for the operation of the drinking water
production plant, can also produce excess electric power to be transferred to the grid, by harnessing
the heat energy of the exhaust gases and the cooling of the engine (12) in order to heat the closed
heating circuit (11) using exchangers and to heat the air from the dryers (17) using air generator

A water treatment system includes a filter module (12) and a reverse osmosis module (14) secured to 1
the filter module (12). The filter module (12) contains two filter cartridges (18, 24). The modular
structure of the components enables the filter module (12) to have the two filter cartridges (18, 24)
connected as separate pre and post filters or connected in series as a single two-stage filter. Similarly
the modularity permits multiple reverse osmosis modules to be connected is a daisy chain manner for
increased treatment capacity. A novel bracket structure aligns ports of the filter module (12) with
corresponding ports on the reverse osmosis module (14

Disclosed is a wastewater treatment and water purification apparatus having a plurality of pipes, each 1
pipe coated with photocatalyst on the inner surface thereof and activated by ultraviolet rays, the pipes
being divided into a plurality of pipe sets and the pipe sets stacked in multiple layers so that the pipes
can be installed in a small space; a support means for fixing a UV ray lamp in a pipe in a manner such
that the UV ray lamp does not hinder water flow in thepipe; and a pipe linker for connecting the pipes
belonging to the same set in the same layer so that the pipes form a zigzag pattern, or connecting all
of the first ends of the pipes belonging to the same set in the same layer so that the pipes can be
easily assembled and maintained. Further disclosed is a wastewater treatment and water purification
system using the wastewater treatment and water purification apparatus and having a pre-treatment
filter arranged at a previous state of the wastewater treatment and water purification apparatus,
thereby having high water treatment stability and efficiency. The wastewater treatment and water
purification apparatus includes a housing, having a plurality of supports arranged in multiple layers,
and pipes fixed by the supports in the housing and coated with photocatalyst on the inner surfaces
thereof, including a plurality of the pipes forming a layer of a pipe set, connection pipes for connecting
pipes in the same layer or pipes in adjacent layers, oblong-shaped UV ray lamps fixed in the pipes by
support means, and a power supply unit for supplying electric power to the UV ray lamp

A method and a device for desalination, that operates with reverse osmosis membranes (7) and 1
pressure vessels (9) and (20) that are connected to the high pressure circuit via valves (17) and with
the low pressure circuit via valves (10). The proposed system includes the operation of a water intake
pump (2) and high pressure pump (5) and a circulating pump, when vessel (9) is connected to the
high pressure circuit, vessel (20) is fed with fresh salty water in the low pressure, next vessel (20) is
connected to the high pressure, vessel (9) is disconnected, then vessel (9) is rinsed, vessel (9)
becomes complete with salty water in the low pressure, then vessel (9) is connected in the high
pressure, next vessel (20) disconnected, vessel (20) is rinsed, vessel (20) becomes complete with
fresh salty water in the low pressure. The process is repeated with alternation of vessels (9) and (20
A lamp is provided having terminal pins mounted on and extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis
of an end cap of the lamp. The pins are offset relative to one another along the longitudinal axis. The
end cap has semi-circular, parallel surfaces at one end, and the pins extend outwardly from the
respective semi-circular, parallel surfaces. A barrier wall extends substantially perpendicularly
between the semi-circular surfaces. In a first embodiment, a male extension member extends
outwardly from the barrier wall along at least a portion of the lower semi-circular surface. This male
extension is coextensive with the upper semi-circular surface. Alternatively, in a second embodiment,
a female recess is provided through the boundary wall. This recess again extends between the upper
and lower semi-circular surface

Disclosed is a water-treatment apparatus, which includes a fiber filter that is disposed in an integrated 1
water-treatment arrangement into which water to be treated flows to primarily filter to be treated water,
a submerged membrane module that is disposed in the fiber filter so secondarily filter the to-be-
treated water primarily filtered by the fiber filter, and air diffusers that are installed at lower portions of
the integrated water-treatment arrangement and the submerged membrane module to supply air
when the fiber filter and the submerged membrane module are backwashed. The water-treatment
apparatus connects the fiber filter with the submerged membrane module, so that the operation cost
is remarkably reduced compared to the case of using the conventional membrane while it maintains
still more excellent membrane filtration function to improve the quality of treated water compared to
the conventional sand filter, as well as make the size for the overall processes smaller and reduce the
manufacturing cos

The present invention provides a fluid sterilizer 1000 having a simple structure. The fluid sterilizer 1
1000 has a case 500. In the case 500, a filter 800 in which a hollow 880 is formed is located and, in
the outer of the filter 800 in the case 500, copper ion discharging material S3 and iodine discharging
material S5 in the form of particles are wrapped by a non-woven envelope B, respectively and placed.
Also, in the hollow 880 of the filter 800, silver ion discharging material Sl and the iodine discharging
material S5 in the form of particles are wrapped by a non-woven envelope B, respectively and placed.
A flow-in through hole 610 which is connected to the outer of the filter is formed on the case 500 and a
flow-out through hole 310 which is connected to the hollow 880 of the filter 800 is formed on the case
50

A method of integrating individual water treatment assemblies into a seamless water treatment control 1
system. A Reverse Osmosis assembly contains a controller wherein all other pretreatment and post-
treatment assemblies are electrical coupled thereto. The controller is preprogrammed for use in
recognizing the coupling of the pretreatment and/or post treatment assemblies wherein and for
receiving all control commands for operation thereof . The controller employs cells that allows and
installer to interconnect assemblies by coupling low voltage control signal wiring having predefined
inputs, set up as PnP, or by use of a personal wireless networ

Aspects of the present disclosure provide composite carbon blocks with improved capacity for the 1
removal of contaminants such as THMs (trihalomethanes) and trace VOCs (volatile organic
compounds) found in water. In one aspect, a filtration matrix comprises a polymeric binder and an
adsorptive media comprising activated carbon having a bulk density of 0.54 (0.57, or even 0.60) g/cc
or greater. The carbon BET surface area can be 1100 (950, or even 550) g/cc or less. The polymeric
binder can be ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. Also provided are methods of making filtration
matrixe
Machine for obtaining and purifying water contained in waste, which comprises a pump for drawing 1
the waste from a storage pit, a mechanical device for separating solid from liquid by means of
pressing, a microfiltration device based on filters of progressively decreasing micronage, and a
purifying device based on reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration, at the outlet of which purified water is
obtaine

A rejection improver for nanofiltration membranes or reverse osmosis membranes, characterized by 1

containing a compound bearing a polyalkylene glycol chain having a weight-average molecular weight
of 2,000 to 6,000; a method for improving the rejection of a nanofiltration membrane or a reverse
osmosis membrane, characterized by bringing an aqueous solution of the above compound obtained
by diluting the above rejection improver with water into contact with a nanofiltration membrane or a
reverse osmosis membrane; nanofiltration membranes or reverse osmosis membranes improved in
rejection by the above method; and a method and equipment for water treatment, characterized by
using the improved nanofiltration membrane or reverse osmosis membrane. According to these
techniques, nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes can be improved in rejection,
particularly in nonionic solute rejection, while keeping the permeate flux at a high leve

An apparatus for use in the treatment of contaminated fluid is provided. The apparatus includes an 1
outer element into which contaminated fluid flows and an inner element positioned in substantial axial
alignment within the outer element and in spaced relations thereto. The apparatus also includes,
between its ends, a pathway defined by an interior surface of the inner element and along which
treated fluid may be directed out from the apparatus. A waste nanoadsorbent material can be
provided between the outer element and the inner element, for use in removing contaminants within
the fluid flowing through the apparatus. A method for the treatment of contaminated fluid is also
provide

The present invention also provides a fine filtering system to reduce time required for a filtration 1
process and thus, the efficiency of the process is increased. According to an aspect of the present
invention, there is provided a fine filtering system including: a filtering apparatus in which a source
water tank is connected thereto through a source water inlet pipeline and a filter media is disposed in
the filtering apparatus, wherein source water flowing through the source water inlet pipeline is filtered
using the filter media so as to become filtered water; a chemicals storage tank in which chemicals
used to condense suspended solids remaining in source water are stored, wherein the source water
flows into the filtering apparatus from the source water tank; and a re-filtering apparatus with which
the filtering apparatus is combined and a re-filter media is disposed in the re-filtering apparatus,
wherein filtered water discharged from the filtering apparatus is re-filtered using the re-filter media and
thus becomes treated water to be used for water suppl

The invention relates to systems for separating materials mixed in a filterable fluid medium, for 1
example for cleaning water at power plants. The inventive filtering device for separating materials
mixed in a filterable fluid medium comprises sections, which are connected to each other and are
provided with supplying and removing cavities embodied therein, and a sorbing agent placed in the
sections, wherein said sections are equally sized and each section is embodied in the form of a prism
having a hexagonal base and pairwise similar and parallel faces, the bases of sections form two
mutually parallel end walls of the device, the sections are adjacent to each other in such a way that a
sidewall, separating two adjacent sections, is a common wall therefor and all the walls are rigidly
connected to each other. Said invention makes it possible to reduce the cost of the device per unit of
performance by the increased volume of the sorbing agent per unit of the volume occupied by the
device in a production spac
The present disclosure generally relates to filter media compositions, apparatuses and systems for 1
removing contaminants from fluids, as well as methods of using the same. In certain aspects the filter
media comprises on or more halogenated resins (103) and one or more contaminant sorbent media
(102, 104, 105, 106). The filter media of the present disclosure may be self-contained in a single unit
or certain components may be housed in separate units acting in parallel or in serie

The present invention relates to a household water purification device, comprising electrically driven
water purification means, an inlet for contaminated water, which inlet is in fluid communication with the
water purification means and is connected to the water supply system when the device is operational,
an outlet for dispensing purified water, which outlet is in fluid communication with the water purification
means, water flowing from the inlet to the outlet via the water purification means in operational
conditions, wherein said device further comprises a closing unit for interrupting the flow of water, a
sensor that senses the availability water supply, and control means that controls the closing unit and
the water purification means. According to the invention, an autonomous water purifier thus is
provided, which can provide the average household with an adequate daily supply of safe and clean
drinking water, even in situations where there are frequent interruptions in the supply of both water
and electricit

A reverse osmosis system for purifying water. The system comprises a reverse osmosis module 1
comprising a housing within which a membrane is disposed, the housing provided with an inlet and
two outlets, a first outlet for dispensing water that had passed through the membrane and a second
outlet for emitting water that had not passed the membrane to be rejected into a drain. A collecting
tank comprises first and second compartments, separated by a diaphragm, the first compartment for
containing water fed from a feed-in line having a first inlet/outlet opening and the second compartment
for containing purified water having a second inlet/outlet opening. A dual purpose valve is adapted to
be switched between two positions, an open position facilitating filling of the first compartment with
water, to thereby force purified water from the second compartment, and simultaneously opening a
faucet dispensing purified water to a spout, and a closed position facilitating filling of the second
compartment with purified water, forcing emission of water into the drain, and simultaneously closing
the faucet to the spou

A porous water treatment membrane with little contamination which is a porous membrane made of a 1
vinylidene fluoride-based resin wherein the outer surface has been selectively hydrophilized. This
porous water treatment membrane made of a vinylidene fluoride-based resin is characterized by: (a)
showing little membrane contamination during filtration (i.e., having a high flux retention rate); (b) the
little contamination properties being maintained after repeated washing with a chemical (i.e., a high
tolerance to chemical-washing); and (c) having a favorable mechanical strengt

The invention relates to a system for treating fluids, particularly a water sterilization plant, which has a
more efficient energy utilization, a higher service life when operated in the discontinuous mode, which
can be produced in series, is simply to manipulate and particularly suitable for use in households.
Said system prevents using UV projectors such as DBD lamps with coaxial tubes, which are
complicated and not safe in operation, expensive ballast devices and dangerous electrical
constructions. According to the invention, fluid raw materials are converted into higher-quality or novel
products, wherein a fluid to be treated is brought into contact with the projector in such a way that the
fluid is irradiated by the projector with UV radiation and that the fluid directly influences the
temperature of the projector, especially adjusts the operating temperature of the projector to between
0° and 30° C. To this end, simpe UV projectors are used in which an excimer filler is excited in an UV
transparent discharge vessel, especially a quartz glas without electrode
A practical process for freshwater production by which high-quality freshwater in which boron has 1
been efficiently removed can be continuously and efficiently obtained. The process for freshwater
production comprises desalting steps arranged in parallel in each of which raw water or pretreated
water obtained by pretreating raw water, as feed water for a first semipermeable-membrane unit, is
treated with the first semipermeable-membrane unit and the water which has permeated through the
first semipermeable-membrane unit is treated, as feed water for a second semipermeable-membrane
unit, with the second semipermeable-membrane unit after its pH is increased. In the process for
freshwater production, the following operation is temporarily conducted. In one desalting step (A), raw
water or pretreated water is reduced in pH and fed to the first semipermeable-membrane unit (A1),
and the water which has permeated through the first semipermeable-membrane unit (A1) is fed to the
second semipermeable-membrane unit (A2) after having been regulated so as to have a lower pH
than the feed water to be supplied to the second semipermeable-membrane unit (B2) in another
desalting step (B). The water which has permeated through the second semipermeable-membrane
unit (A2) is mixed with the water permeated through the second semipermeable-membrane unit (B2)
in the desalting step (B

The present invention relates to a portable device for generating ozone in water, purifying the water 1
and making it drinkable. The device comprises a housing; at least two electrodes, including an anode
and a cathode extending from the housing into the water and each having semi-rough or rough
surfaces in contact with the water. The device also comprises a power supply operatively connected
to the electrodes for generating between them a difference of potential creating a current and the
hydrolysis of the water creating ozone that purifies the water. The electrodes may have a plate or a
rode and tube configuration with a plurality of holes with rough edges. The roughness of the surfaces
and of the edges of the holes leads to a coalescence of tiny hydrogen bubbles into larger hydrogen
bubbles. The hydrogen may be also removed by absorption in a conductive material and regenerated
for reus

A process for the pretreatment of the saline water feeds of desalination plants comprises nanofiltration 1
of said saline feeds for the preferential removal of divalent ions. Said removal is at least 85% per pass
and not more than 30% of the monovalent ions pass into the retentate. Said divalent-rich retentate is
well-adapted for recovery of magnesium and other divalent ions and the substantially divalent-free
permeate allows use of high pressure 3-stage reverse-osmosis(RO) desalination to produce
freshwater (TDS less than 5 ppm). The high purity brine HPSWRO concentrate discharge (TDS above
85000 ppm) can go for electrolysis to give Sodium hydroxide, Chlorine and Hydrogen giving zero
discharge desalination. Integration with multi-stage flash distillation would give high purity, low
conductivity water suitable for electrolysis to give hydrogen and oxygen for fuel cells. Integration in a
coast-based power plant offers the advantages of zero effluent, magnesium and other by-products
recovery and self-sufficiency in power, cooling water, boiler feedwater and the chemicals required for
the by-products recover

A water purifier system is provided including a housing having a first, upper reservoir and a second, 1
lower reservoir. A filter cartridge is arranged to be received within the housing, the filter cartridge
having at least one inlet for receiving water from the first reservoir and at least one outlet for
dispensing water into the second reservoir. A UV source is disposed within the second reservoir for
purifying the water contained therein, and a control interface is removably connected to the housing
for controlling the operation of the UV sourc

This invention relates to a water treatment system and a method of providing a supply of water of 1
controlled salinity suitable for injection into an oil bearing reservoir including the steps of :
substantially desalinating a frist feed supply of water to provide a first supply of treated water of low
salinity; treating a second feed supply of water to provide a second supply of treated water having a
reduced concentration of divalent ions in compartison to the second feed supply and a higher salinity
than the first supply of treated water; and mixing the first supply of treated water and the second
supply of treated water to provide a supply of mixed water having a desired salinity suitable for
injection into an oil bearing reservoir. The first feed supply is preferably treated by reverse osmosis.
The second feed supply is preferably treated by nanofiltratio
Fluid filtration devices, systems and methods are disclosed. The device comprises, for example, an 1
influent feed tube; an influent receiving bowl in fluid communication with the influent feed tube; and a
plurality of radial arms having filters therein configured to rotate about an axis within the influent
receiving bowl. The fluid filtration devices, which can be configured to filter a wide variety of fluids,
comprises: an influent feed tube; an influent receiving bowl in fluid communication with the influent
feed tube; and a plurality of radial arms having filters therein configured to rotate about an axis within
the influent receiving bowl. Additionally, methods are provided for that comprise, for example:
obtaining an influent from a target source of fluid to be filtered; filtering the influent in a first filtration
step; filtering the influent in a second filtration step upon receiving effluent from the first filtration step
by transferring influent through a plurality of radial arms by rotating the radial arms having filters
disposed therein about an axis in a filtration unit; and emitting a final filtered fluid effluen

A method of processing backwash water by use of a membrane separation process is disclosed. 1

Specifically, the following steps are taken to process backwash water: collecting backwash water in a
receptacle suitable to hold said backwash water; treating said backwash water with one or more water
soluble polymers, wherein said water soluble polymers are selected from the group consisting of:
amphoteric polymers; cationic polymers, wherein, said charge density is from about 5 mole percent to
about 100 mole percent; zwitterionic polymers; and a combination thereof; optionally mixing said
water soluble polymers with said backwash water; passing said treated backwash water through a
membrane, wherein said membrane is an ultrafiltration membrane or a microfiltration membrane; and
optionally back-flushing said membrane to remove solids from the membrane surfac

A process is proposed for separating a liquid feed mixture (1) by dynamic cross-flow filtration in a 1
membrane separation unit (MTE), comprising a housing (G) which is separated by a membrane (M)
into a retentate space (R) and a permeate space (P), wherein the membrane (M) is moved and/or
moving internals are provided in the membrane separation unit (MTE), wherein the fluid feed mixture
(1) is fed to the retentate space (R), a substream of the fluid feed mixture (1) passes through the
membrane (M) and is taken off as permeate (2) from the permeate space (P) and the substream of
the fluid feed mixture (1) which does not pass through the membrane (M) is taken off as retentate (3),
which is characterized in that energy is taken off from the membrane separation unit (MTE) by means
of an external or internal heat exchange

The subject of the present invention is a mobile unit for the treatment of raw water. It relates to the 1
technical field of mobile installations and processes for potabilizing raw water for the purpose of
providing an immediate solution to supplying drinking water to the heart of regions to be treated as
being difficult to access. According to the invention, the mobile unit comprises: - a pumping means (5)
for pumping the raw water (4) to be treated, connected to a supply circuit (6); - a transportable
container (1) provided with said supply circuit and containing: a system (8) for analyzing the
characteristics of the raw water to be treated, a first treatment module (9) for treating soft surface
water or drilling water, a second treatment module (10) for treating brackish water or sea water, a
third treatment module (11) for treating raw water contaminated by nuclear, radiological, biological
and/or chemical (NRBC) agents and a device (15, 16, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124) suitable for directing
the flow of raw water to be treated through said treatment modules according to the analyzed
characteristics of the raw water. These characteristics allow the mobile unit to be rapidly modified so
as to offer suitable treatment according to the characteristics of the raw water and thus obtain water of
optimum qualit

In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided for purifying a liquid, such as an impaired 1
water. In some examples, seawater or brackish water is purified, such as to a potable level. Some
configurations provide a system which includes a membrane-distillation unit, such as a vacuum-
enhanced direct contact membrane distillation unit. The system also includes a forward-osmosis
system, which may include one or more forward-osmosis units. A concentrated draw stream from the
membrane-distillation unit, such as a concentrated brine solution, serves as a draw solution for a
forward-osmosis unit, which may extract water from a source water, such as an impaired water. In
some implementations, the forward-osmosis system includes a second forward-osmosis unit which
uses the diluted draw solution from the first forward-osmosis unit as a draw solution to extract water
from a source water. The system may include additional components, such as a heater or a buffer tan
The invention relates to a mobile system for potabilisation via osmosis of the type comprising, in the 1
interior of a single support structure (2), a plurality of stations and an electric generator unit (14). The
plurality of stations is composed of a first station which comprises a pre-treatment unit for the water, a
second station which comprises a desalinisation unit and a third station which comprises a post-
treatment unit. In particular, the pre-treatment unit is constituted of an adduction pump (3) for
supplying the water to treat, a macro-filtration system (4) featuring a basket for filtering particles of up
to a 10 mm, a mechanical filtration station (5) equipped with a multivalve (5a) for operation and
manual counter-current washing and a micro-filtration system (6) for filtering particles of up to a 5 µ.
The second station comprises a desalinisation unit constituted of a pressurisation pump (7) and a low-
pressure inverse osmosis unit (8), while the third station comprises a post- treatment unit constituted
of a sterilisation unit (9), a tank for the potable water (10), a distribution pump (11) for the potable
water, a washing station ( 12) for the periodic cleaning of the membranes and a control panel ( 13)
equipped with starters for the motor and instrumentation for the proces

The invention is a device for purifying drinking water that has at least one fibrous structure. Preferably, 1
there is an upstream and downstream fibrous structure. Each fibrous structure is a mixture of nano
alumina fibers and second fibers arranged in a matrix to create asymmetric pores and to which fine,
ultrafine, or nanosize particles are attached. Preferably, the device has an upstream antimicrobial for
sterilization of retained microbes. The device is substantially more efficient at removing soluble
contaminants such as halogens from a fluid stream than those previously available and is also able to
retain turbidity, bacteria, and viru

A method for sanitization of water in a swimming pool or the like comprises the steps of forming, in the 1
pool water, an electrolyte solution containing from 1500 ppm to 9000 ppm of a soluble magnesium
halide salt, treating the electrolyte solution in an electrolytic halogenation cell to form an aqueous
solution of hypohalous acid and then returning the water so treated back to a swimming pool. A
mixture of magnesium and potassium chlorides with small quantities of soluble alkaline earth metal
bromide is particularly effective in the sanitization proces

A fluororesin polymer separation membrane excelling in not only separation characteristics, water 1
permeation performance, chemical strength (especially chemical resistance) and physical strength but
also stain resistance; and a process for producing the same. There is provided a fluororesin polymer
separation membrane comprising a layer of three-dimensional network structure and a layer of
spherical structure, wherein the layer of three-dimensional network structure is composed of a
fluororesin polymer composition containing a hydrophilic polymer, the hydrophilic polymer being a
substantially water-insoluble hydrophilic polymer containing at least one member selected from
among cellulose ester, fatty acid vinyl ester, vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as a
polymerization component. This polymer separation membrane can be used as a filtration membrane
for water treatment, separator for battery, charged membrane, membrane for fuel cell, filtration
membrane for blood purification, et

A filtration apparatus in which hollow fibers are immersed in a raw liquid to be treated which contains 1
a suspended ingredient to cause the raw liquid to undergo solid/liquid separation and a treated liquid
to permeate. It comprises: the hollow fibers which have been folded in two; a treated-liquid collection
means communicatively connected to the open ends of the hollow fibers; a holding member which
holds the folded parts on the other end side of the hollow fibers while leaving a space; and a gas
ejection means for ejecting a cleaning gas toward the open ends from the other end side of the hollow
fibers. The hollow fibers held by the holding member are at least partly spaced from the holding
member and/or the hollow fibers are at least partly spaced from one another to thereby form spaces
for passing the gas to be ejected from the gas ejection mean
This invention provides a water supply apparatus which can supply various types of mineral 1
component-containing water ranging from soft water to hard water by adding a mineral component to
water to be treated depending upon the request of users. Further, there is provided a water supply
apparatus which can select a treatment function for water to be treated depending upon the type of
water to be used as water to be treated, usage, and purposes and thus can realize optimal treatment.
The water supply apparatus (S) comprises mineral addition treatment means (7), which comprises
one or more kinds of mineral components, for adding the mineral component to the water to be
treated, and control means, which has data on mineral components in one or more kinds of mineral
component-containing water, for controlling the addition of the mineral component(s) by the mineral
addition treatment means depending upon the selected mineral-containing wate

A method of improving the water permeability and/or cleaning a porous polymeric membrane (such as 1
a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane comprising the step of contacting said a porous polymeric
membrane with a source of monopersulfate and a halide ion, such as chloride and optionally a base.
The source of monopersulfate may be potassium monopersulfate in conjunction with potassium
hydrogen sulfate and potassium sulfate, ie a triple salt of formula 2KHSO5.KHSO4.K2SO4

Disclosed herein is a filter assembly for water purifiers. The filter assembly includes a head having an 1
inlet duct, a control valve, and an outlet duct. A circular cap is provided on the lower portion of the
head, and has cylindrical space. A filter cap is mounted to the circular cap. A filter cartridge has a
filtering part which is provided with a filter to purify water. A plurality of fastening holes is formed in the
outer circumference of the circular cap, and has a step. Locking parts are disposed in the fastening
holes to lock the filter cartridge. An elastic member surrounds the circular cap and the outer surfaces
of the supports parts, thus elastically supporting the locking parts to the fastening holes. The filter cap
has on the outer circumference of the upper portion thereof a plurality of fastening holes into which
the locking parts are fitte

The invention concerns a unit for desalination of sea water or brackish water, including water 1
collection means (1) and means for treating the collected water (2), for example by means of
membrane filtration, distillation, refrigeration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis or by means of an
electrostatic field. In said desalination unit, the water collection means (1) comprise at least one
catchment tube (3), the porous or perforated active portion (3') of which is positioned such that it is
suitable for collecting seaside water, wherein said active portion (3') of said catchment tube (3) is
situated in a parallel or substantially parallel manner to the sea line, embedded in the sandy shore
between 50 m below the line of the high water level (7) and 50 m above the line of the low water level
(11), wherein it is embedded in a depth (a) ranging from between 0.5 m and 3 m: - with respect to the
ground surface, in the zone between the lines of the high water level (7) and low water level (11); -
with respect to the high water level (6), in the zone between the line of the high water level (7) and 50
m below said level; and - with respect to the low water level (10), in the zone between the low water
level (11) and 50 m above said level. The catchment tube(s) (3) is/are associated with a canalization
system (16, 17) and with pumping means (15) in order to recover the collected water and to ensure its
transport to the treatment means (2) suitable for realizing the desalinatio

A water purifier system comprising a base unit (2) and a filter unit (1) detachably connected to said 1
base unit (2). The base unit (2) is provided with a water inlet tube (3) for guiding water to the filter unit
(1) and with a water outlet tube (4) for guiding purified water from the filter unit (1). The filter unit (1)
comprises a container (7) surrounding a replaceable filter element (13). The container (7) is provided
with a water inlet member (10) for guiding unfiltered water from said water inlet tube (3) into the
container (7). The replaceable filter element (13) is provided with a water outlet member (11) for
guiding purified water from the filter element (13) to said water outlet tube (4) of the base unit (2),
whereby said water outlet member (11) extends through an opening (17) in the wall of the container (7
The present invention is related to a filtration device for removing particles from a liquid. The filtration 1
device comprises a collector header and a plurality of planar membrane assemblies (4) having an
upper side and a lower side, the lower side being operatively linked to the collector header (6). Each
planar membrane assembly is formed as a single row of a plurality of capillary membranes (5) and is
linked to an individual upper heade

A water purifier easy to handle and capable of preventing entry of various bacteria. The water purifier 1
(1) has a container (10) having a water supply mechanism at its bottom and containing raw water, a
membrane separation mechanism for separating a target object from the raw water by a reverse
osmosis membrane, a supply mechanism for pressurizing the raw water in the container (10) to
supply it to the membrane separation mechanism, a purified water flow tube in which the raw water
having penetrated through the reverse osmosis membrane flows, a discharge water flow tube in
which the raw water not having penetrated through the reverse osmosis membrane flows, a check
valve provided in the purified water flow tube, and a body (40). To the body (40) are connected a
placement section (41b) on the upper surface of which the container (10) is placed, a connection
member removably connected to the water supply mechanism, and the water flow tube. The body
(40) has a delivery opening for delivering the purified water to the outside and also has a discharge
opening to which the discharge water flow tube is connected and discharging discharge water to the
outside. The body (40) is integral with the membrane separation mechanism, the supply mechanism,
the purified water flow tube, and the discharge water flow tube. When the container (10) is placed on
the placement section (41b) to connect the water supply mechanism and the connection member
together, the raw water in the container (10) is supplied to the supply mechanism sid

Many treatment systems remove virtually all minerals and other elements from the water, however a 1
quantity of certain minerals and elements is necessary for good health and acceptable water taste.
Therefore, a water treatment system is provided in which a portion of the input water bypasses the
primary filtration and treatment components. The amount of that portion is selectively controlled so
that a healthy level of minerals remains in the treated water, which still is extremely clean. An optional
component can be included to reduce pathogens in the treated wate

The invention describes a device (1) for at least partial removal of a solvent from a solution (6), having 1
at least one membrane filter unit (2) which has a solution feed (8), a solvent outlet and a concentrate
exit (5) for a concentrate produced from the solution (6). Upstream of the solution feed (8) there is
arranged on the membrane filter unit (2) at least one unit (7) for generating a rotating or swirling flow
in the solution (6

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating water or wastewater for drinking 1
and/or industrial use. The method and apparatus comprises of a plurality of vertically positioned
electrodes 2a and 2b, which are placed in a treating chamber 3 and wherein the said electrodes are
interconnected to one another. The positive and negative electrodes are insulated there-between. The
polarity of the direct current supply is changeable at regular intervals in order to prevent passivation of
the electrodes when reaching an even abrasion. The current can preferably be pulsatory. In order to
be able to keep the current density between the electrodes at a desired value, the most efficient
possible electrolysis is achieved by means of a minimum total current and wherein the spacing
between the electrodes are adjustabl
A filter cartridge for use in gravity-fed water treatment systems wherein filter elements include a dome- 1
shaped hydrophilic porous particulate carbon powder block filter in a polymeric binder. The filter has a
closed upper end and an open lower end with sidewalls extending there between, additional filter
media and includes ion exchange resins and a fine mesh hydrophilic filter sheet to reduce
contaminant content of water for drinking purpose

The present invention relates to a method for reducing boron concentration in a process of 1
desalination of high salinity liquid comprising: passing said high salinity liquid through a first pass
reverse osmosis (RO) device (110) to produce a first pass front (114) and rear (116) permeate,
wherein at least part of said first pass rear permeate is treated with a scale inhibitor to obtain a
modified first pass permeate (126) being fed into at least one additional RO device (132, 134, 136) to
produce at least additional pass permeate, wherein said at least one additional pass permeate (139,
141, 143) comprises a lower boron concentration than that in the high salinity liqui

The invention provides a water supply system (1) comprising a forward conduit (2) for supplying 1
contaminated water from a supply structure (3) to a consumer structure (4), the consumer structure
(4) comprising a purification structure (5) for separating the contaminated water into purified water
and brine, a number of purified water outlets for delivering purified water to a consumer, and a
rearward conduit (6) for returning the brine from the consumer structure (4) to the supply structure.
The invention improves the usage of water of exactly the right quality and thereby facilitates saving
water of high qualities for purposes where such a quality is necessar

A filtration module comprises a housing having an inlet and an outlet; a plurality of hollow fiber 1
membranes disposed in the housing, each membrane having a wall and a lumen open to the outlet; a
porous shell disposed in the housing and encasing the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, the shell
having an opening through which ends of the hollow fiber membranes pass; and a plug in the outlet,
the ends of the hollow fiber membranes passing through the plug and the shell ending in the plug. A
liquid treatment apparatus comprising the filtration module is also disclosed, as are method for
making the filtration module and the liquid treatment apparatu

The present invention concerns a method and a device for the desalination of sea water by natural 1
osmosis. Sea water is filled in two compartments (1 ), (2) separated by a semi-permeable membrane
(4). High-molecular substances like albumin are added to one of these compartments thus increasing
the osmotic pressure in this compartment (2). Following water diffuses from the compartment
containing pure sea water (1 ) to the compartment additionally containing the high-molecular
substance (2). Finally half of the water containing the high-molecular substance flows through a
second membrane (7) to a third compartment (3) thus removing the salt, but retaining said high-
molecular substance. Finally the remaining half of the desalinated water is removed via a third
membrane (8) retaining the high-molecular substance as well. Special membranes are employed
produced from clay or mud after chemical treatmen

A method and apparatus for purifying water are provided. A feed water such as seawater can be fed to 1
a filter such as a microporous or nanofiltration membrane to produce a permeate that can, in turn, be
fed to an electrodeionization system to produce fresh wate
A container (10) for liquids is provided, in which pressurisation of the container is used to force the 1
liquid through one or more membranes to an output. The membranes are disposed across
substantially an entire length of the container, and pass liquid in preference to air. As a result, the
liquid may be extracted from the container in any orientation. A particular use for this kind of container
is as a portable water bottle containing a filter (20

In a water-treatment system provided with an ozone generator, an ozone-treatment device, a filtration 1

device and a reverse osmotic membrane, a device having a baffle plate at a definite position therein is
employed as the ozone-treatment device. Seawater is flown into this ozone-treatment device to give a
turbulent flow so that ozone diffuses throughout the seawater, thereby performing the ozone-
treatment. After thus forming oxygen nanobubbles containing concentrated mineral ions around the
flow, the seawater is passed through the filtration device and the reverse osmosis device. Then, the
desalinated water is flown out from the water-treatment system. According to this method, fresh water
containing a large amount of dissolved oxygen and being rich in minerals can be obtained from
seawate

This invention provides a method for operating a reverse osmosis membrane filtration plant, which 1
can realize the operation of the addition of a disinfectant for biofouling preventive purposes, cleaning
with a chemical, pretreatment or the like of a reverse osmosis membrane module in a reverse
osmosis membrane filtration plant, in a highly reliable, high-sensitivity, rational, rapid and simple
manner, and a reverse osmosis membrane filtration plant.The method operates a reverse osmosis
membrane filtration plant comprising a raw water intake part, a pretreatment part, and a reverse
osmosis membrane filtration plant provided with a reverse osmosis membrane module provided in
that order. The method is characterized in that, under such conditions that a reverse osmosis
membrane supply water and/or a reverse osmosis membrane nonpermeated water within the reverse
osmosis membrane filtration part are allowed to flow at a linear velocity equal to the linear velocity of
the nonpermeated water within the reverse osmosis membrane module in the reverse osmosis
membrane filtration plant, a biofilm formation base material is provided, the amount of the biofilm on
the biofilm formation base material is evaluated at a frequency of once per one day to 6 months, and,
based on the results of the evaluation, the method for operating the plant is controlled. In particular, a
reverse osmosis membrane used as a biofilm formation base material in reverse osmosis membrane
filtration plants is use

The inventions are used for purifying a liquid, mainly drinking water. The inventive module comprises 1
a unit, which is used for controlling liquid flow and air removal and is provided with holes used for
liquid input and output and for air outflow, a body which is filled with a filtering material and is provided
with at least one hole embodied in the base thereof for discharging a filtered liquid, at least one
channel, which is used for preventing the output of the filtering material particles from the control unit
when non-filtered liquid flows and is filtered and for minimising the resistance of the air coming out
from the body, and a means for closing the hole used for transferring liquid from the control unit to the
body and for retaining the filtering material particles inside the body. The hole for transferring the liquid
from the control unit to the body has a diameter greater than the particle size of the filtering material.
The device comprises a filtration module and a container which consists of a receiving tank and a tank
for purified water. Said invention makes it possible to increase the reliability and to improve the
service performance

A device and method for treating ballast water, comprising an enclosure having LJV radiating means,
and catalysts comprise a number of plates having turbulence and mixing generating means
characterised in that said catalyst plates are arranged in said enclosure, and that the catalysts having
turbulence and mixing generating means selected from one or more of the means from the group
consisting of perforations, holes, punchings, structured pressings, corrugations, and grooves. The
invention also concerns a system for treating ballast water in a ship and the use of said syste
The present invention relates to a system for treating ballast water, comprising water inlets and
outlets, piping connected to said inlets and outlets, at least one treatment unit connected to said
piping, capable of, during operation, treating ballast water flowing through said unit, filter means for
said ballast water and valve means for controlling the flow through said piping, treatment unit and filter
means. The system is characterised in a control unit arranged and capable of managing and
controlling all the different process sequences during start-up, ballasting, deballasting and cleaning as
well as all failure functions and situations, whereby contaminated water is prevented from leaving the
system. The present invention also relates to a process for treating ballast water, a method for
controlling the process and software for performing the metho

A method of operating a membrane separator comprising a raw-water tank and, disposed therein, a 1
membrane module constituted of many exposed hollow-fiber membranes, in which the burden to be
imposed on the filter membranes is lessened and cleaning is effectively conducted to thereby secure
a high recovery and enable a stable membrane filtration operation. The method of operating the
membrane separator is characterized by comprising: a filtration step in which a differential pressure is
applied to the upstream side (raw-water side) of the hollow fiber membranes and the downstream
side (treated-water side) thereof to thereby filtrate the raw water; a physical cleaning step comprising
conducting gas cleaning in which a gaseous cleaning medium is jetted into the upstream-side
membrane module and back-pressure water cleaning in which a back-wash medium is fed from the
downstream side of the hollow fiber membranes and passed through the hollow fiber membranes to
the raw-water side thereof; and a drainage step in which the discharge water inside the tank is
discharged from the system, the drainage step being conducted after the filtration step and the
physical cleaning step are repeatedly conducted two or more time

A filtering bottle has a straw-like mouth spout. The filter is made of crushed crystal rocks and/or glass 1
fibers. The bottle contains Mylar reflective backing and is of transparent plastic or glass. It contains a
color-coded biosensor strip to signal level of contaminant

A drainless reverse osmosis (RO) water purification system provides relatively pure water for on- 1
demand dispensing, while recycling brine to a domestic hot water system. The drainless purification
system includes a pre-filter catalyst cartridge for removing chlorine-based contaminants from a tap
water supply upstream from an RO membrane. The catalyst is regularly refreshed by a high through-
flow of water to a conventional cold water dispense faucet, thereby significantly prolonging the service
life of the RO membrane. The RO membrane is incorporated into a multi-cartridge unit adapted for
facilitated slide-out removal and replacement as needed. A control valve recycles brine from the RO
membrane to the hot water system during pure water production, and recirculates tap water through
the RO membrane when a pure water reservoir is substantially filled. The multi-cartridge unit may
further include an air filtration system for providing a flow of filtered ai

An apparatus for treatment of potable water, in particular for domestic use, comprises an inlet (2) for 1
untreated potable water and a first filtration unit (6) operatively arranged downstream of the inlet (2) to
separate any solid suspended particles from supplied potable water. The apparatus (1) also
comprises a second filtration unit (15) operatively arranged downstream of the first filtration unit (6) for
trapping;the bacterial loads present in water from the first filtration unit (6). The apparatus (1)
comprises a third filtration unit (24) operatively arranged downstream of the first filtration unit (6) for
separating organic and inorganic substances from water coming from the first filtration unit. The
apparatus further comprises a dispenser (16) connected to the second and/or the third filtration unit
(15, 24) to enable supply of sterile water from the second filtration unit (15) or of demineralised sterile
water coming from the third filtration unit (24). The second and the third filtration unit (15, 24) are
connected to one another and to the dispenser (16) for supplying sterile water with regulable
mineralization. The apparatus also comprises a tapping device (31) connected to the third filtration
unit (24) for dispensing ultramineralized waste wate
A universal water purifier unitary assembly device comprising a device housing unit support structure, 1
a manually operated air pump, a force-fed water filter cartridge of multiple separable stages and a
separable sealing means to seal the junction and opening between said universal water purifier
unitary assembly device housing unit support structure and water container of water to be filtered
wherein junction and opening between of said water purifier unitary assembly device housing unit
support structure and said water container is sealed to retain compressed air. Water of said container
is filtered, treated and used as needed on demand as in a group environment wherein individual use
and consumption of purified water is relevant. The water is stored in a container, being pumped from
the container by compressed air provided by an air pump. Filter elements include sediment and cyst
removal filters, ion exchange resins, semi-permeable membranes including a hollow fiber membrane,
porous activated carbon particles and activated carbon blocks. The device housing unit support
structure unifies the functional elements of the invention as an operational unit of easy transport for
use with any water container of a suitably sized mout

A method of desalting which comprises generating fine bubbles in a raw water containing a salt and 1
subjecting the raw water containing the fine bubbles to filter membrane separation. By the method,
even when an operating pressure to be applied on the raw-water side is low, a sufficient effective
pressure acts on the filter membrane to enable the water to be efficiently filtered. Even with an
operating pressure on almost the same level as conventional ones, treated water can be obtained in a
larger amount. Also provided is a desalting apparatus which comprises a storage means (1), a supply
means (2), and a bubble generator (8) which generates fine bubbles in a raw water to be fed through
a pressurizing means (3), and in which the raw water containing the fine bubbles is separated with a
filter membrane by means of a separation means (4) disposed downstream from the bubble generator
(8

The invention provides a method for the purification of a liquid by membrane distillation comprising: 1
passing a heated vapourising stream of a liquid (retentate stream) through a retentate channel along
a porous hydrophobic membrane (10), whereby vapour of the liquid flows via the pores of the
membrane to the other side of said membrane, and condensing said vapour on the other side of said
membrane to give a distillate stream in a distillate channel (5) which distillate is created by passing
the heat of condensation (latent heat) towards a condenser surface (3), said condenser surface
forming a non-porous separation between a feed stream of the liquid to be purified and said distillate
stream, which feed stream is passed through a feed channel (2) in counter-current with the retentate
stream, in which feed channel a space material (4) is arranged whereby at least part of the latent heat
is transferred via the condenser surface to the feed stream, and whereby a positive liquid pressure
difference is applied between the retentate stream and the feed stream at the corresponding points of
the retentate channel and the feed channel over at least a part of each of the retentate channel (9)
and feed channel. The invention further provides an apparatus suitable for use in said metho

The present invention relates to a household water purification device (20) comprising, a housing (22) 1
and water purification means comprising a filter unit (4) accommodated in the housing, which filter unit
accommodates a filter element (26) and has a cap (28) for replacing the filter element, wherein the
filter unit is moveably arranged with relation to the housing to move the filter unit between a normal
position and a maintenance position wherein at least the cap is substantially situated outside the
housing. This water purification device enables an easy and swift replacement of the filter element
inside the filter unit. The invention also relates to a filter unit (4

A water faucet adapted to introduce water fed from a water supply tap, treated by a water treatment 1
equipment for purity enhancing and discharged therefrom and to spout the same. With respect to a
water treatment equipment for high purity demanded, water purification treatment is carried out as the
primary treatment, and the purified water (primary water) is further subjected to the secondary
treatment to thereby produce the second treated water (secondary water). Although the secondary
water is introduced in the spout faucet, the introduction and spout of the primary water are avoided. In
the production of the secondary water, waste water is needed. The waste water is drained to a drain
hole under sink. The primary water, secondary water and waste water can be arbitrarily spouted by
means of one spout faucet mentioned abov
Disclosed are compaction resistant thin film composite membranes having a porous polymeric 1
support; a semi-permeable polymer film polymerized on the porous polymeric support; and particles,
of a size in the range of microparticles and nanoparticles, dispersed in the porous polymeric support.
Also disclosed are methods of making compaction resistant membranes by polymerizing a polymer
film on a porous polymeric support with particles of a size in the range of microparticles and
nanoparticles dispersed therein, the particles having been selected to improve flux flow characteristics
over time of the semi -permeable membrane. Also disclosed are methods of purifying water using the
disclosed membranes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the
particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present inventio

The present invention is uniquely engineered and provides water treatment devices for treatment of 1
water in a small community or individual who are out of reach of access to safe water for domestic
use, reach of adequate resources and reside in rural setting. Water treatment device of the invention
are flexible, light weight and have high capacit

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of drinking water, having a housing (1) in the form 1
of a stand, a mechanical filter unit (2, 3) for removing foreign bodies from the untreated water, a hand
drive (4) for a gear pump (7) which supplies water pressure for operating a reverse osmosis unit (5),
and a water tank (6) which receives the treated wate

A water purification apparatus comprising a semi-permeable membrane capable of being contacted 1

with a water source; a superabsorbent polymer capable of absorbing water across said semi-
permeable membrane; a pressure application surface capable of transmitting pressure to the gel; and
a permeable membrane through which absorbed water is capable of being released from the gel
upon application of pressure thereto from said pressure application surface, wherein said permeable
membrane is isolated in use from the water source by an isolation mea

The present invention provides a water filtration and sterilisation device (10) comprising a container 1
(16) having an inlet conduit and an outlet conduit (36), a closure valve (26) at said inlet conduit, a filter
means (22) upstream of said inlet conduit, a flow prevention means in said outlet conduit (36)and an
ultra violet radiation source (30) within said container (16). The valve (26) is adapted to be opened for
a first time period to admit water into the container (16) via the filter means (22). The ultra violet
radiation source (30) is operable for a second time period to sterilise water in said chamber (16). The
first time period is shorter than said second time period. The flow prevention means is operable to
deliver sterilised water on demand from the container (16

A water treatment apparatus involving feeding of raw water to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment 1
unit, wherein the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit is one for feeding of raw water at a pH
value of 7 or below and is fitted with a reverse osmosis membrane treated with a rejection rate
enhancing agent composed mainly of a polymer. Further, there is provided a water treatment
apparatus involving feeding of raw water to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit, wherein the
reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit is one for feeding of raw water at a pH value of 7 or below
and is fitted on its primary side with rejection rate enhancing agent supply means for supply of a
rejection rate enhancing agent composed mainly of a polymer. Still further, there is provided a method
of water treatment involving feeding of raw water at a pH value of 7 or below to a reverse osmosis
membrane treatment unit, which method comprises the step of either periodically or when the reverse
osmosis membrane treatment unit exhibits a drop in rejection rate, treating the reverse osmosis
membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit with a rejection rate enhancing agent
composed mainly of a polyme
A pitcher-type water purifier having a container body, an upper container removably attached to the 1
upper part of the container body, a communication section located at a part of the upper container and
communicating with the lower part of the container body, a water purification filter removably attached
to the communication section, and a lid provided on the opening of the container body and slidably
opening and closing the opening. The lid can be positioned at two or more positions in the direction of
sliding of the li

An apparatus and methods for producing purified drinking water are disclosed. A hand pump (14) is 1
used in a closed system to generate pressure sufficient to pass the untreated water through a system
of filters (15, 16) and a reverse osmosis membrane (17). The system preferably includes an
ultrafiltration filter (16). The resulting water is substantially pure, being free of bacteria and having a
significant amount of minerals and salts removed to make it safe for drinking. The system can
produce enough potable water to supply the daily needs for a small villag

The present invention relates to a vertical-horizontal filter unit for the biological purification of polluted 1
water, comprising an upper zone of a soil patch planted with plants, having inlets for the polluted
water, and arranged underneath a sand layer with a lower filter zone made of gravel and at least one
removal point for the purified water, wherein between the upper and lower filter zones a barrier layer
with openings is arranged and the filter unit is sealed against the soil on the sides and at the bottom.
The openings in the barrier layer are arranged along the edge and/or the barrier layer does not reach
the edge of the patch completely. The invention is characterized in that the upper zone acts as an
aerobically cleaning zone and the lower zone as an anaerobically cleaning zon

Device for treating water placed in a translucent or transparent recipient, characterized in that it
comprises a casing which in turn comprises, at least, three emitters of electromagnetic radiation
having a wavelength in the visible spectrum, corresponding to red, green and blue (RGB); an area for
the output of the radiation resulting from the additive mixture of colours RGB to the recipient
containing the water to be treated; and means for regulating the emission intensity of each of said
emitters separatel

A hollow-fiber membrane for immersion filtration which has one or more protrudent parts on the outer 1
surface; and a hollow-fiber membrane module for immersion filtration which is produced by bonding
and fixing two or more such hollow-fiber membranes to a housing. Even when membrane filtration in
a high-concentration suspension is continued, the effect of physically cleaning the membranes or
module by air bubbling is high and an excess deposit is less apt to accumulate on the membrane
surface. Consequently, the membranes and module suffer no decrease in water permeability during
the continuation of operatio

Disclosed therein is a water treatment equipment using pulsed ultraviolet lamp, which emits pulsed
ultraviolet rays of high power and high transmission. The water treatment system can be usefully used
in a purification plant or in a waste water treatment plant of high turbidity since the UV lamp adapted
for emitting the pulsed UV rays is higher in power and longer in a transmission length than the
conventional continuous UV lam
An electrolytic device and method for generating a disinfecting solution is powered by a circuit 1
preferably comprising a voltage adjustment circuit and rechargeable battery that can be recharged by
a variety of devices including a solar panel. The disinfectant device can be utilized with a water filter
and a storage device such as a carafe to produce potable water meeting drinking water requirement

The invention relates to microporous filter material that has a pore size of 0.1 to 10 micrometers and 1
contains 60-80 mole percent of diatomaceous earth, 15-35 mole percent of clay, and 2-30 mole
percent of one or more basic metal oxides, preferably in the form of nanoparticles. The invention
further relates to filter cartridges containing said material, methods for the production of filter material
and filter cartridges, and the use of said materials and cartridges for purifying water, particularly for
eliminating viruses and/or bacteriophage

Liquid dispenser or water purification unit with a housing and a mouthpiece configured for contact with
the mouth of a person, wherein at least part of the housing or part of the mouthpiece or parts of both
have an antimicrobial surfac

A plastic fluid flow director for a water treatment system is provided having a plastic substrate with a
protective coating that is substantially opaque to UV light. The plastic substrate may be ultra-high
molecular weight polyethylene and the UV opaque coating may be unexpanded
polytetrafluoroethylene (""PTFE""). The UV opaque coating protects the plastic substrate from UV
light, which may be destructive to the plastic, during the water treatment process. The coating is
suitable for water contact, does not break down in the presence of ultraviolet light for extended
periods, and otherwise works with conventional water treatment systems. The plastic substrate with
UV opaque coating is a suitable replacement for a stainless steel fluid flow directo

The present invention relates to tappings, wherein the structure comprises a frame (8, 8a) holding a 1
lower manifold (5), an intermediate manifold (6a) and an upper manifold (7) extending essentially
horizontally, each manifold comprising tappings and including connection members (10) for
connecting at least some tappings of each of said membranes modules (1) to the tappings of said
manifolds (5, 6, 7). According to the invention, said connection members (10) includes tapping Tees
(12) provided at least on one of said manifolds (6a), and at least a first set of removable tubular
members (9, 10, 11, 13) adapted for connecting the membrane modules of a first type (1) to said
manifold

The invention relates to a filter for water and other liquids, with different filtering stages in a single 1
body, said filter being cleaned automatically by means of a novel method. The inventive filter includes
an outer cylindrical body with a lower base through which the water to be filtered passes tangentially,
using centrifugal force in a first stage in order to separate the high density particles. Subsequently, the
liquid follows a helical path and passes through various different filter devices, such as meshes, rings,
etc.. Finally, the filtered and therefore cleaned water is collected in a suitably-perforated central tube
which projects from the filter at the centre of the lower base thereof. The invention is suitable for
cleaning liquids, mainly water, for localised irrigation in agriculture, for use in industry, for
environmental purposes, etc
A water purification or purified water maintenance method and devices, and in particular a purification 1
method effective against microbes, that uses a silane-based antimicrobial, and in particular the AEGIS
MICROBE SHIELD antimicrobial, where the antimicrobial is embedded, coated, or otherwise
permanently applied to a substrate or carrier (11), such as a solid, a porous solid, fibers or the like. A
volume of microbe contaminated water (99) is exposed to the antimicrobial carrier for sufficient
residence time such that sufficient quantities of microbes are eradicated and the water (99) is made
potable maintained in a non-contaminated state. The antimicrobial carrier (11) may be an object
suspended or placed into a container or reservoir (12) for the water (99), or the antimicrobial carrier
(11) may comprise the container or reservoir (12) itself. Particulate filters (25) or the like may also be
combined with the antimicrobial container (12) to remove other undesirable contaminant

A method or process for treating wastewater containing high organics, silica, boron, hardness, and 1
suspended and dissolved solids. The method includes degasifying the wastewater for the removal of
dissolved gases and thereafter chemically softening the wastewater. After the chemical softening step,
the wastewater is directed through a media filter or membrane which removes additional solids and
precipitants. Thereafter the wastewater is directed through a sodium ion exchange that further softens
the wastewater. The effluent from the ion exchange is directed through a cartridge filter and the
effluent from the cartridge filter is directed through one or more reverse osmosis units. At a selected
phase of the process, prior to the wastewater reaching the reverse osmosis unit or units, the pH of the
wastewater is raised and maintained such that the pH of the wastewater reaching a reverse osmosis
unit is at a pH greater than 10.

The invention relates to cleaning and disinfecting flowing water. The aim of said invention is to
improve operating properties. The inventive water cleaning and disinfecting device comprises a body,
a water supply unit, ultraviolet radiation sources which are provided with protective covers made of an
ultraviolet-transmitting material, ultrasonic transducers, which are arranged on the external side of the
body in such a way that they are brought into contact therewith, and a unit for removing treated water.
The ultrasonic transducers are set in the maximum oscillation areas and are fixed directly to the body,
wherein the diameter of a contact spot of each ultrasonic transducer with the body is less than a half-
wave length. Said water cleaning and disinfecting device can be used in industry and at hom

The invention relates to a method for washing hollow-fibre membranes in a filtration equipment 1
including at least three modules (M1, ..M5), each module including a plurality of hollow fibres (3)
connected in parallel, one end of the fibres being closed during filtration, and the liquid to be
processed being fed by an inlet duct on which the modules are connected in parallel, the processed
liquid being collected by a manifold (6) including a production valve (7), the washing being carried out
by scrubbing the fibre surface on the concentrate side while the processed liquid manifold is closed,
the washing liquid being discharged by a waste manifold (4) connected in parallel to the module
scrubbing outlets, an upstream valve (V1..V5) being provided between each module and the inlet duct
while a downstream valve (R1..R5) is provided between each module or module group and the waste
manifold. The scrubbing of a module (M2) is carried out by closing the downstream valves (R1, R3,
R4, R5) of the plurality of other modules as well as the processed liquid production valve (7), and by
keeping open the downstream valve (R2) and the upstream valve (V2) of the module to be scrubbed
so that the entire flow crosses the scrubbed module at a flow speed that is a multiple of that existing
during a normal filtration operatio

A method for the treatment of contaminants in an aqueous stream, the method comprising the steps 1
of: decreasing the pH of the aqueous stream; passing at least a portion of the aqueous stream
through a membrane; separating the aqueous stream into a permeate and a retentate; air stripping of
at least a portion of the retentate to reduce the odour of the retentat

The present invention relates to a method for cleaning water by means of RO equipment (2) where 1
unclean water (10) is pre-treated. The invention is characterised in that the pre-treated unclean water
(13) is caused to be led through a membrane distillation arrangement (1) on its cold side before the
RO equipment (2), in that the concentrate (16) from the RO equipment (2) is caused to be heated,
and in that the heated concentrate (16) is caused to be led through the membrane distillation
arrangement (1) on its hot sid
Systems and methods for treating water are provided. In certain examples, the system may include a 1
first stage, a second stage fluidically coupled to the first stage and a third stage fluidically coupled to
the second stage. In some examples, the system may provide treated water having a specific
resistance of greater than or equal to 1 Megohm-cm. In certain examples, the water recovery rate
using the system may be 90% or more by volum

The invention relates to a method for the floatation-clarification of difficult water, in particular heavily 1
polluted surface water, urban or industrial wastewater, rainwater or any type of water that floats with
difficulty, particularly water which contains a high percentage of mineral matter or requires the
injection of a flocculation aid and which originates from filters or membrane technologies such as
ultrafiltration, said method comprising: a coagulation step (A1) in which a dose of coagulant (1) is
injected into the water to be treated; a flocculation step (B) in which flocculant (2) is injected (B1) into
the water after the coagulation step, in order to agglomerate the suspended particles in the form of
flocs; and subsequently a floatation step (C) in which the flocculated water is mixed with an emulsion
of air micro-bubbles in a floatation apparatus. A second coagulant injection step (A2) is performed
downstream of the flocculant injection (B1) and upstream of the floatation (C

A method for the treatment with a reverse osmosis membrane which is suppressed in the flux 1
deterioration occurring even under such conditions that only a slight amount of iron is contained in the
water fed to a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit and therefore no scale of calcium or silica is
generated. Namely, a method of treating raw water containing iron in an amount of as low as
1000µg/L or below in terms of total iron with a reverse osmosis membrane, characterized in that a
sulfo-bearing compound is added to the raw wate

In a point-of-entry water treatment system having a large granular activated carbon filter, 1
approximately 80% of residential water usage is of a relatively low flow rate. A replaceable carbon pre-
filter is added to filter the low flow rate, thus significantly extending the life of the large GAC filter. In
addition, the flow rate is monitored and the remaining filter capacity of the pre-filter is calculated and
displayed to a user. In another embodiment, the pre-filter and filter monitor are incorporated in other
water treatment system

The invention relates to a device and a process for purifying water (H) which is contaminated with 1
sulphate ions and heavy metal ions, wherein the water (H) is collected (20) in a water reservoir (W)
and a substance (B) having basic activity in water (H) is fed (21) to the water reservoir (W) in such a
manner that a precipitant having heavy metal ions is precipitated from the water (H), wherein at least
a subquantity of water is taken off (22) from the water reservoir and is separated (24) into pure water
(R) which is substantially freed from sulphate ions and heavy metal ions and dirty water (S) which is
enriched with sulphate ions and heavy metal ions, and wherein the dirty water (S) is at least in part
recirculated (25) to the water reservoir (W), as a result of which a concentration of sulphate ions in the
water reservoir is achieved such that a precipitant having sulphate ions is precipitated from the water.
This invention permits a technically simple and inexpensive purification of water which is
contaminated with sulphate ions and heavy metal ion

Methods, compositions and articles of manufacture for the generation of reactive oxygen species are 1
provided. These embodiments utilize the ability of a flavin- containing compound, such as riboflavin, to
produce peroxide in the presence of a suitable light source. In some embodiments, a multivalent
metal cation that can catalyze a Fenton or Fenton-type reaction may be used to produce additional
reactive oxygen species. These techniques find application in the oxidation of surfaces, crosslinking of
materials, and in sterilization techniques, including the purification of solutions including wate
A system for treating turbid water in which the turbid water to be treated is caused to pass through a 1
filter bed into a storage area, the water flow being such as to ensure a sufficient residence, time in the
bed. The filter material is selected from the group comprising palagonite, pearlite, silica sand,
vermiculite, carbon, lignite, zeolite, rockwool and synthetic filtering agents and is preferably
palagonite. Preferably there are provided two containers, one within the other, the outer container
being a tank or the like, the inner container having the filter material therein, meansto provide turbid
water to the inner container and meansto permit water which has passed through the filter material to
pass to the outer container for use. An apparatus for carrying out the system is also describe

A filtration system includes a vessel for housing at least two filtration elements. One or more of the 1
filtration elements is a reverse osmosis membrane or a nanofiltration membrane and one of the other
filtration elements is a microf iltration or ultrafiltration membrane. The vessel has an inlet port for
providing a liquid feed to the filtration elements, an outlet port for directing a permeate produced by
the elements from the vessel and an outlet port for directing a concentrate produced by the elements
from the vessel. A number of vessels can be provided in a parallel arrangement and/or a series
arrangement and the vessels can be arranged so as to allow regeneration of the microf iltration or
ultrationf iltration membranes from another vessel in the arrangemen

[PROBLEMS] To provide a membrane treatment apparatus whereby a filter cloth per se can be 1
washed in course of the reverse washing of a membrane. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A
membrane treatment apparatus comprising a filter membrane (10) through which raw water existing
outside (100) is filtered under elevated pressure, and a treated water outlet (11) from which the
treated water collected after the filtration through the filter membrane (10) is taken out, characterized
in that a filter cloth (12) is provided and fixed outside the filter membrane (10) at a definite interval. In
a preferred mode, the filter cloth (12) is provided in such a manner that it covers the outer side face
and the bottom part of the filter membrane (10), or the filter cloth (12) is provided in such a manner
that it covers the outer side face in the state where the bottom part of the filter membrane (10) is
opene

A practical filter apparatus with which a clean water of high quality can be continuously obtained at 1
low cost by efficient use of filtration units. The filter apparatus is one for obtaining clean water
comprising multiple filtration units (A) capable of at least removing particles suspended in water,
connected to each other in parallel relationship; and, optionally connected downstream of the multiple
filtration units (A), refiltration unit (B) for re-removal of particles suspended in water, wherein each of
the filtration units (A) has a clean water line for drawing out the filtrate from the filtration unit (A) as
clean water and a refiltration unit supply line for supply of the filtrate from the filtration unit (A) to the
refiltration unit (B), and wherein the refiltration unit (B) has a confluence line for joining the filtrate from
the refiltration unit (B) to the clean water lin

An apparatus for producing purified drinking water. The apparatus comprises a container top including 1
an ultrafiltration insert. The container top (50) attaches to the opening of a liquid holding container
(60), such that liquid from the container passes through a filter (32). The device includes a mechanism
(20) for back flushing or cleaning the filter. The resulting water is substantially pure, being free of
bacteria, to make it safe for drinkin

A modified polyamide membrane and method for making and using the same. The present invention 1
includes many embodiments including methods comprising contacting a polyamide membrane with
certain modifiers, including but not limited to certain oxazoline and/or thiazoline- based compounds,
derivatives and polymers thereof. In one embodiment, the surface of a polyamide membrane is
coated with a solution including a polyoxazoline and optionally a polyalkylene oxide material, followed
by optional heating. Preferred embodiments may exhibit improved performance, e.g. increased
rejection of certain species, (e.g. sodium chloride and/or boric oxides such as boric acid or various
borate salts), reduced fouling, improved antimicrobial properties, and/or improved storage stabilit

A water treatment system for removing impurities from incoming feed water includes a manifold 1
having a plurality of water treatment filter housings connected thereto. The filter housings are
configured to accept a plurality of water treatment filter cartridges, which have, at one end, a filter
housing cap fixedly attached thereto. The system manifold is also adaptable to be able to connect to
peripheral accessories, filtration devices, and identical water treatment system
A membrane filtration system (5) including: a feed containing vessel (7); a membrane module (6) 1
including one or more hollow permeable membranes (8) for filtering feed liquid, located in the feed
containing vessel (7); means for applying a pressure differential across walls of the membranes (8) to
induce filtration therethrough; a feed liquid reservoir (9) in fluid communication with the membrane
module (6) to supply feed liquid thereto; a source of feed liquid (12); a source of gas (10) and means
(11 ) for selectively producing a flow of gas from the gas source (10) and feed liquid from the feed
liquid source (12) through the membrane module (6) and into the feed liquid reservoir (9). The flow of
gas producing gas bubbles within the feed liquid to clean the membranes (8

The invention relates to a device for treating water, particularly a filtration device, comprising a 1
cartridge (1), which has a receptacle (2) for receiving treatment agents for water, particularly for
receiving filtration agents, and a connecting head (10) disposed on the receptacle (2), wherein the
connecting head at the outer surface thereof has at least one inlet opening (20; 22) and at least one
outlet opening (24). The device further comprises a connecting element (40), which has a holder (50)
for the connecting head (10) with at least one inflow opening (60) and an outflow opening (62), which
are connected to the inlet and outlet openings (20, 22, 24) of the connecting head (10) in a sealing
manner by means of sealing elements. The connecting head (10) is tapered toward the free end (13),
wherein the outer surface has at least one first curved outer surface section (14, 14a, b), which is
inclined toward the longitudinal axis (3) of the cartridge (1), and a second outer surface section (16,
16a, b) opposite from the first outer surface section (14, 14a, b). The inlet and outlet openings (20, 22,
24) are located in the first and/or the second outer surface sections (14a, b, 16a, b). The connecting
head (10) is inserted in the holder (50) in the axial direction, wherein the inside surface of the holder
(50) has first and second inside surface sections (54, 54a, b, 56, 56a, b) that complement at least the
first and second outside surface sections (14a, b, 16a, b

A DEMWAX water treatment system includes membrane modules (102) and a collection channel 1
(104). The membrane modules (102) are submerged at depth and tethered to one or more anchors
(100) on the ocean floor. A breathing tube (106) extends between the collection channel (104) and a
buoy (108) floating on the surface of the ocean to expose the collection channel to atmospheric
pressure. A pump (110) pumps the permeate from the collection channel (104) to shore through a
permeate pipe (112). One or more permeate storage tanks (114) can optionally be disposed within the
system, for example, as part of or extending from the collection channel (104), to provide extra storag

A portable water purifier having a reverse washing function is disclosed, which is able to supply a lot 1
of quality industrial water to a local power plant or a small and medium sized company as well as to
supply a lot of drinkable water to a remote mountain village or a damaged region. It is provided with a
recycling device and is stored in a certain space. It can be remotely monitore

A water purifier that can be placed between an upper canister and a lower canister. The upper 1
canister may include filters. Unfiltered water placed in the upper canister drains by gravity through the
filters and water purifier into the lower canister. The water purifier includes a dispenser, a purifying
media, and an indicator. Filtered, but unpurified, water passes from the upper canister into the water
purifier, which houses the dispenser in which a material containing a chlorine and/or bromine
compound is located. As water contacts the material, halogen is eluted to the filtered water. The
purifying media contacts the unpurified water with halogen. The purifying media binds with the
halogen, thereby maintaining the activity of the purifying media to purify the unpurified water. The
water purifier may include an indicator to indicate when the material needs replacin

The construction of a system including a hydrotransistor and a self-cleansing water body, which could 1
be a construction or a part of a stream, lake or other natural water-body, to convert drinking-water
sources or polluted surface waters into purified water for recycling either as drinking water supply or
as groundwater recharge, wherein the articulate matter in the treated water is filtered by
hydrotransistor, and the dissolved nitrates and nitrite being utilized by diatoms which have been
induced to grow in waters becoming slightly acidic through the dissolution of carbon dioxid
The present invention relates to a method for purifying a liquid, comprising the steps of: - supplying a 1
flow of liquid for purifying; - adding a crystal growth inhibitor; - purifying the flow; - separating the flow
into a purified flow and a return flow; and - concentrating the crystal growth inhibitor, present in the
return flow, in a crystalliz

A fluid filtration device having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and a confined fluid path between the inlet 1
and the outlet through a microporous filter with a pore size adapted for filtering microbes, for example
bacteria and virus. The device comprises a halogen source adding antimicrobial halogen to the fluid in
the confined fluid path between the fluid inlet end the microporous filter in order to prevent biofilm
formation in the microporous filte

The ballast water having been accommodated in ballast tank (3) at loading for marine vessel, or 1
seawater to be used as ballast water at unloading is fed to ceramic filtration membrane (4) of 9 to 12
µm mesh opening by filtration pump (5) to thereby perform pressure filtration with the result that
marine organisms of size larger than that of the mesh opening are removed. Any permeated water
containing marine organisms of size smaller than that of the mesh opening is chemically sterilized
with chlorine or ozone in chemical sterilization equipment (6) and thereafter is either discharged into
the sea or poured into the ballast tank. Accordingly, without the need of large equipment and without
the need of high-concentration chemical agent, a large volume of ballast water can be purified to a
level satisfying water quality standards of ballast water guideline within a short period of tim

The invention is a method for depositing an inorganic layer (50) to a lager-induced thermal transfer
layer, and to a deposited transfer layer made by the method. In one embodiment, the transfer layer is
disposed on a receiver element comprising a glass substrate (20) with black matrix (30) for a color
filter comprising red (40R), blue (40B) and green (40G) transparent pixels formed by laser-induced
thermal transfer, and the inorganic layer (50) is an indium-tin oxide transparent electrode grounding
layer. The method for depositing the inorganic layer to the transfer layer comprises exposing a laser-
induced thermal transfer layer to ultraviolet radiation to produce an exposed transfer layer, treating the
exposed transfer layer with a cleaning fluid to produce a cleaned transfer layer, and depositing an
inorganic layer in contact with the cleaned transfer layer to produce a deposited transfer laye

The invention relates to reverse osmosis plants for desalting sea water. The inventive plant comprises 1
a desalting membrane unit (6), a control unit and modules which are used for supplying water at a
high pressure and each of which comprises a diaphragm pump (3), an oil hydraulic drive (7), a device
for increasing a brine pressure (10) and a brine distributer (8). The internal cavity of the diaphragm
pump is divided by flexible diaphragms into three insulated sections. The central section (A) is
designed in such a way that salt water is supplied thereto and exits therefrom to the desalting
membrane unit at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure. The side section (B) is connected to
the oil hydraulic drive (7) by cyclically supplying oil at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure,
and the side section (C) is connected to the brine distributer (8) which is connected to the brine output
(11) from the desalting membrane unit (6). In the second design of the plant, the section (C) of the
diaphragm pump comprises an additional diaphragm and a hydraulic multiplier (15) in the form of a
device for increasing a brine pressure. Said invention makes it possible to increase the operating
reliability of the freshwater plant and to simplify the structural design and the use thereo
[PROBLEMS] To provide a method of membrane treatment for ship ballast water, in which fouling 1
substances adhering to membrane can be easily detached and securely removed to thereby attain
prolonged maintenance of membrane flux. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] The method of
membrane treatment for ship ballast water is one including the membrane separation step of
collecting seawater in a port area where the ship moors into or onto the hull of the ship and separating
microorganisms of given size or larger by membrane filter unit (1) equipped with a filtration membrane
module, characterized in that the method includes the backwashing step of separating fouling
substances adhering to the membrane surface of the membrane filter unit (1) from the membrane
surface by backwashin

The present invention relates to a membrane module for treating water. The present invention 1
provides a membrane module, which includes a support; and a membrane laminated on the support,
wherein the support is deflected when one end of the support is fixed. The support is made of a
plastic corrugated cardboard with a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm or a fiber sheet coated with a resin.
According to the present invention, the support for supporting a membrane has flexibility, so that
during a washing (or aeration) process, the membrane is freely moved to thereby be easily washed
(that is, impurities can be easily removed) with the increased washing efficiency. In addition, the
membrane module is light in weight and small in thickness. Also, due to the reduced thickness, the
membrane module occupies a reduced area in a water treatment plant, thereby decreasing a building
site of the water treatment plan

A process has been found which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the overall filtration 1
system, b> i educing the fouling of the microfilUatiop system, thereby increasing its permeability and
reducing the frequency of cleanings necessary According to one embodiment of the inv ention,
cationic coagulant is used to treat water in the ear!) stages of a water treatment system, and to
coagulate and flocculate the contaminants, and thereby resulting m reduced fouling of the
microfiltration system, resulting in inciease flux, less deposit of colloidal and particulate solids and
dissolv ed organics on the surface of the microfiltration membrane, therein reducing the frequency
and duration of the membrane cleaning and ultimate replaceme

A method of processing water including a combination of a filtering, a deodorization process and a

subsequent passing of the liquid through the inverse osmosis membranes, followed by a
deodorization and a UV treatment. A distribution system for delivering the processed water is also
describe

A distiller to be used for water purification, said distiller comprising a condenser, an evaporation pan,
means for allowing heated air to enter below said pan and joining an airflow above the pan, and an
evaporator for collecting water from the airflow The method for purifying water using this distiller is to
draw airflow above the evaporation pan containing contaminated water, passing the airflow across a
cooling element, into a heat pipe, through a condenser and through the evaporation pan Purified
water is collected from the airflow when it is passed across the cooling elemen

A water treatment cartridge (2) comprises an additive channel (60) arranged so that only some of the 1
water passing through the cartridge (2) passes through it. The additive channel (60) comprises means
(72) for automatically releasing an additive into the water in the channel. The additive channel is
arranged to control the additive dose. The cartridge may also contain a water treatment or filter mediu

A method for removing N-nitroso-dimethylamme (NDMA) and its derivatives (e.g. dimethylamine) from
water. The method combines ultra-violet irradiation and ozonation. Hydrogen peroxide may be added
to the treated water during ozonation. The method allows also to remove volatile organic compounds
present in the treated water and to destroy microorganisms. A modular sidestream injection apparatus
used during the ozonation ste
An aseptic watering system for pets is that has a unique filtration and sterilization system for providing
a source of drinking water substantially free of toxins, pathogens, resultant metabolic wastes, or other
contaminants that may cause bothersome and life threatening diseases. The system also includes
means for cooling the drinking water to make it more desirable to a pe

The output wavelengths of an electrodeless lamp 101 are controlled by passing a fluid 102 over the
surface 104 of the lamp to control its temperature. The stabilized temperature prevents thermal
runaway of the lamp 101 and stabilizes the output wavelengths of the lamp 101. When the fluid 102
passing over the lamp 101 is water, the lamp 101 can be used for sanitary treatment of the water. The
treatment can be enhanced by shaping the electrodeless lamp 101 to provide maximally effective
water treatmen

A process for the purification and recovery of a contaminated liquid, the process comprising: a source 1
of conraminated liquid effluent, a primary filtration station having at least one filter; a first holding tank
for receiving effluent from the primary filtration station, a dosing station; a mixing station; at least one
other filtration station; and wherein, effluent passing from said at least one other filtration station is
returnable to the primary filtration station for further filtration or recoverable from the syste

An apparatus to purify water by filtration in granular filtration media filters that comprises one or 1
several filter housings that are independent but hydraulically interconnected by pipes in series or
parallel. Said housings are fastened to a rotating frame that allows the filter housings to be rotated,
inverted and violently shaken in order to agitate, disaggregate and separate the granular media
particles that are inside said housings to facilitate the cleaning by washing of said granular filtration
beds. The apparatus receives the water from a source under pressure and discharges into an
elevated tank or into a faucet. The apparatus has coagulant dosing at the entrance of the raw water, a
flow limiter to ensure an adequate filtration velocity and disinfectant dosing at the filtered water exi

A method of improving the quality of the water stored in water tanks, e.g., a water-receiving tank,
water supply tank, and elevated water tank, disposed in or on buildings, condominiums, hotels,
apartments, etc.; and a water-quality improvement device therefor. The quality of the water stored in a
water tank is improved with tourmaline, which activates water, or a titanium oxide photocatalyst which,
upon ultraviolet irradiation, decomposes and removes organic substances in water to clean the water.
The method of improving water quality is characterized in that a device for improving water quality
comprising a water-quality modifier consisting mainly of tourmaline and/or a titanium oxide
photocatalyst and a buoyant object having such buoyancy that it can suspend the water-quality
modifier in water is suspended in water held in a water tank, whereby the water-quality modifier and
the water are kept in satisfactory contact with each other due to circulation of the water and migration
of the water-quality-improving devic

The invention relates to a method and a device for removing from water impurities in the form of water 1
molecules containing hydrogen and oxygen heavy isotopes, in particular to a method and a device for
producing light high-purity water having a greater content of light 1H2 16
A composition comprising purified water using ozonation, ionization, or distillation or any combination
thereof wherein alcohol may be substituted for, or combined with water at least one emollient
including but not limited to chitosan, and aloe vera gel, individually or in any combination; an oil
component with spf boosting agents including but not limited to; ethyl macadamiate, non-toxic silicone
oil and essential oils, butter milk, waxes impregnated with inorganic sun-block or sunscreen agent and
organic/inorganic micronized particles, wood powder and bentonite clay, keratin, either individually or
in any combination; at least one inorganic sun-block or sunscreen agent including any metal oxide,
glass microsphere, silica and silica compound, and optionally metal oxide pigments with particles that
are micronized, submicronized, nanoparticle sized, or otherwise individually or in any combination that
can be homogenized in either a water phase, a water-aloe phase, an oil phase or any phase of said
composition; at least one emulsifier wherein said emulsifier includes but is not limited to a
phospholipid and/or liposome or an aloe vera gel or an ester of coconut oil individually or in any
combination, for emulsifying the water, water-aloe, or oil phase in combination with an homogenizer;
where any of components are preferably mixed with an homogenizer and where an appropriate
thickening agent including but not limited to xanthan gum, carageenan, either individually or in any
combination is added as require

[PROBLEMS] To provide a system for utilizing ballast water which makes it possible to ensure 1
washing water for a unit and is usable for various purposes. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A
system for utilizing ballast water having a ballast water treating unit (3) which is a unit for treating
microorganisms and bacteria in seawater or fresh water and which should be washed at least once a
day during the continuous treatment and ballast tanks (4) for pooling the ballast water having been
treated in the ballast water treating unit (3), characterized in that a service tank (5) for pooling the
ballast-treated water having been treated in the ballast water treating unit (3) is further provided and
the ballast-treated water in the service tank (5) is employed in washing the ballast water treating unit
(3

A desalination apparatus, and method of desalination, with which condensed water can be efficiently 1
obtained while preventing scale deposition. Desalination apparatus (1) is one equipped with multiple
evaporators (20) capable of not only feeding a water to be treated to the external surface of heat
transfer tube (221) adapted to cause steam to pass through the interior thereof to thereby produce
steam and concentrated water from the water but also forming condensed water through
condensation of steam in the heat transfer tube (221), the multiple evaporators (20) interconnected so
that the steam produced by anterior-stage evaporator (20) is led into the interior of heat transfer tube
(221) of posterior-stage evaporator (20) as heat source, wherein the multiple evaporators (20) are
divided into high-temperature evaporator group (2a) and low-temperature evaporator group (2b)
along the direction from the anterior stage side to the posterior stage side, and wherein there are
provided scale component removing means (5) for removing at least portion of the scale component
in raw water to thereby produce descaled water; descaled water feeding means (6) for feeding the
descaled water as a water to be treated to the heat transfer tube (221) of each of the evaporators (20)
constituting thehigh-temperature evaporator group (2a); and raw water feeding means (7) for feeding
raw water as a water to be treated to the heat transfer tube (221) of each of the evaporators (20)
constituting the low-temperature evaporator group (2b

An immersion type membrane separation apparatus having a microbubble dispersing tube placed 1
vertically beneath a separation membrane module, in which even when the separation membrane
module is of large size, there can be attained all-round uniform generation of microbubbles from an
area vertically beneath the separation membrane module. The apparatus comprises a separation
membrane module (2) having multiple separation membrane elements each using a flat membrane
as a separation membrane disposed in parallel so that the membrane surfaces are parallel to each
other; multiple microbubble dispersing tubes (4) placed vertically beneath the separation membrane
module; and multiple gas supply tubes (5) for supplying a gas to the microbubble dispersing tubes.
The multiple gas supply tubes (5) are arranged so as to be opposite to each other across an area
vertically beneath the separation membrane module. The multiple microbubble dispersing tubes (4)
connected in communicating relationship to the gas supply tubes are arranged so as to extend in a
direction crossing a membrane surface of separation membrane element and so as to realize
proximity to each other, or superposition on each other, of the distal ends of the opposite microbubble
dispersing tube
A membrane module (100) has an upper header.(108) and multiple lower headers (110). A bundle of 1
membranes (24) potted in the upper header is sub-bundled into the lower headers. The membranes
(24) may be arranged in the upper header into a number of generally parallel sheets or planes and
arranged into a lower header (110) into a lesser number of sheets or planes. Spaces between the
multiple lower headers (110) help gas bubbles rise into the module (100) or water containing solids
drain from the module (100). The module (100) may be used in batch or continuous filtration
processes. In one specific process, water flows downwards through the module (100) and air bubbles
are provided from near the bottom of the module (100

A pump assembly to move water past a reverse osmosis membrane, said pump assembly having a 1
first pump (10A) and a second pump (10B) each pump including: a bore having a longitudinal axis
and surrounding a chamber; a first partition member extending longitudinally of the chamber; a
second partition member (17) also extending longitudinally of the chamber and moveable relative to
the first partition member, and dividing said chamber into a first sub chamber (18) and a second sub
chamber (19); a shaft (15) attached to said second member to cause angular movement thereof
about said axis to change the volumes of said first and second sub chambers; and ducting
communicating with said first and second sub chambers to provide for the flow of water with respect
thereto as the volumes are varied; and wherein the shaft of said first pump is coupled to the shaft of
said second pump so that the first pump second partition (17A) angularly oscillates in phase with the
second pump second partition (17B

A desalination apparatus, and method of desalination, with which condensed water can be efficiently 1
obtained while preventing scale deposition. Desalination apparatus (1) is one equipped with multiple-
effect evaporation unit (2) having multiple evaporators capable of not only feeding a water to be
treated to the external surface of heat transfer tube adapted to cause steam to pass through the
interior thereof to thereby produce steam and concentrated water from the water but also forming
condensed water through condensation of steam in the heat transfer tube, the multiple evaporators
(2a to 2t) interconnected so that the steam produced by anterior-stage evaporator is led into the
interior of heat transfer tube of posterior-stage evaporator as heat source, wherein the multiple
evaporators (2a to 2t) are divided into multiple evaporator groups (3A to 3E) along the direction from
the anterior stage side to the posterior stage side, and wherein there are provided scale component
removing means (5) for removing at least portion of the scale component in raw water to thereby
produce descaled water; mixed water feeding means (6) for feeding a mixed water consisting of a
mixture of raw water and descaled water as a water to be treated to the heat transfer tube of each of
the evaporators (2a to 2d) of the first evaporator group (3A) disposed on the most anterior stage side
among the multiple evaporator groups (3A to 3E); and dilution water feeding means (7) for feeding a
dilution water consisting of a mixture of concentrated water and mixed water as a water to be treated
to the heat transfer tube of each of the evaporators (2e to 2h) of the second evaporator group (3B)
disposed on one low temperature side among the first evaporator group (3A

An on-site integrated production plant, in which fresh water, sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium, 1
sodium hydroxide, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen, oxygen and the like are
produced by electrolyzing seawater using an electric power obtained by a wind power on the ocean, a
tidal current or the like, and at the same time, malt, sawdust or the like loaded on shore is fermented
to make ethanol, carbon dioxide generated in the fermentation is used in photosynthesis to cultivate a
vegetable, an oxygen generated in the cultivation is supplied to a fish preserve or a fish reef to farm
fish, and further oxygen is returned to seawater with decreased concentration of oxygen to prevent
the occurrence of red tide

A hollow fiber membrane module characterized by having a tubular module case; a bundle of a 1
multiplicity of hollow fiber membranes housed in the module case; adhesively fixing parts for fixing
both side edge portions of the bundle in the module case in such a fashion that raw fluid can pass
through the interior of the hollow fiber membranes; a permeated fluid communication part adapted for
passable connection between both end faces outside the adhesively fixing parts by a pipe of diameter
significantly larger than that of the hollow fiber membranes; and a raw fluid distribution supply part
capable of feeding the raw fluid into the module case at one of the adhesively fixing parts, wherein the
raw fluid distribution supply part has multiple raw fluid introduction holes made in hollow fiber
membrane interspaces so as to be able to supply the raw fluid along the longitudinal direction of the
hollow fiber membrane
A method is provided for forming zeolite membranes in internal surfaces of a plurality of conduits in a 1
cylindrical porous ceramic monolith, the conduits extending from one end of the monolith to the other
and being disposed in a single annulus, said method including a step of : flowing a pre-treatment
liquid (50) including a zeolite initiating agent into the conduits; causing at least part of a carrier liquid
component of the treatment liquid to flow from the conduits into and through the body of the monolith
to the exterior; and causing zeolite crystals to be deposited in the porous internal surfaces of the
conduits as the carrier liquid component flows into the monolith.. The substrates may be pre-
conditioned for membrane formation by a method which comprises: (a) forming an aqueous
suspension of zeolite particles; and (b) passing the suspension alternately (i) through the tubular
conduits and (ii) out through the walls of the tubular conduits so as to deposit zeolite particles on the
porous inner surfaces of the tubular conduits; wherein the porous substrates are treated in chambers
(62) arranged e.g annularly and the suspension is supplied to the chambers from a first common
manifold (58) via respective delivery tubes and is recovered via recovery tubes leading to a second
common manifold (66), the first and second manifolds and the supply and recovery tubes being
configured so that the branch path to and from each chamber is substantially the same. After pre-
conditioning, formation of membranes may be by depositing or crystallising a zeolite membrane on
the zeolite particles by gel crystallization. A membrane structure is also provided which comprises a
tubular porous ceramic monolith having tubular conduits each having an internal diameter of 5 to 9
mm formed within the monolith with a zeolite membrane formed on the internal surface of each of the
conduits, wherein either there are five or more conduits disposed in a singe annulus. The invention
also provides methods for removal of water from organic liquids salts or other contaminents and
methods for the purification of water using the above membrane structures e.g. to remove residual
water from ethanol or butanol or to produce high purity wate

Disclosed are embodiments of a method and apparatus for the treatment of water containing silica in 1
order to recover as much treated water from a water source as possible while minimizing the
generation of waste products. Other embodiments include removing specific elements from the water
source and utilizing those elements. Embodiments of the method and apparatus uses in-line physical
and physio-chemical treatment methods to remove potential biological, colloidal and hardness
foulants continually so that there is minimal loss of water from the water source strea

The invention relates to a reverse-osmosis purification system that comprises at least one liquid 1
supply (1) for supplying a liquid to be processed simultaneously into two chambers (A1B) of a
separation member (3), said chambers being separated by a semi-pervious membrane, the liquid
being fed into one chamber at a pressure higher than that of the liquid in the other chamber, said
separation member (3) providing at the outlet a concentrated liquid (5) and a diluted liquid (6

An electrochlorination and electrochemical system for the on-site generation and treatment of
municipal water supplies and other reservoirs of water, by using a custom mixed oxidant and mixed
reductant generating system for the enhanced destruction of water borne contaminants by creating
custom oxidation-reduction- reactant chemistries with real time monitoring. A range of chemical
precursors are provided that when acted upon in an electrochemical cell either create an enhanced
oxidation, or reduction environment for the destruction or control of contaminants. Chemical agents
that can be used to control standard water quality parameters such as total hardness, total alkalinity,
pH, total dissolved solids, and the like are introduced via the chemical precursor injection subsystem
infrequently or in real time based on sensor inputs and controller set point

A method of cleaning a membrane surface immersed in a liquid medium with a fluid flow, including the 1
steps of providing a randomly generated intermittent or pulsed fluid flow along the membrane surface
to dislodge fouling materials therefrom. A membrane module is also disclosed comprising a plurality of
porous membranes (6) or a set of membrane modules (5) and a device (11) for providing a generally
randomly generated, pulsed fluid flow such that, in use, said fluid flow moves past the surfaces of said
membranes (6) to dislodge fouling materials therefro
Provided is a water purifier comprising a raw water receiving port, a body having a switching 1
mechanism for switching the passage of raw water introduced from the raw water receiving port, and
a water purifying cartridge containing a filter material for filtering the raw water and disposed
removably relative to the body. The water purifier is characterized in that a male connector is disposed
in one of the water purifying cartridge and the body whereas a female connector is disposed in the
other and inserted and fitted on the male connector, in that plural pairs of those male and female
connectors exist between the body and the water purifying cartridge and along the longitudinal
direction of the water purifying cartridge, in that the male connector and the female connector of at
least one of the plural pairs form a water passage between the body and the water purifying cartridge,
and in that the water purifying cartridge is mounted in the body by fitting the male connector and the
female connecto

This invention relates to a method for removing contaminant material (e.g., graffiti) from a substrate,
comprising: applying a coating composition to the substrate, the coating composition comprising
water, a water-soluble film forming polymer, a wetting agent and a thixotropic additive; dehydrating the
aqueous composition and/or crosslinking the polymer to form a sacrificial barrier coating; depositing
the contaminant material on the barrier coating; and removing at least part of the barrier coating and
the contaminant material from the substrat

The method according to the invention of treating water in which water is separated from a retentate 1
by means of filtration through at least one membrane (3), wherein the water, on filtration, flows
through the membrane (3) in a permeation direction, wherein at least one membrane (3) is, at least at
times, flushed by a flushing stream (8) in a direction essentially opposite to a permeation direction, is
characterized in that gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) is added to the flushing stream (8). The method
according to the invention advantageously permits the cleaning of membranes (3), for example in
wastewater treatment systems (1), which, for example, carry out activated sludge separation. By
means of the method according to the invention, the intervals between two backwashing processes
can be significantly increased. This increases the profitability of the corresponding systems, since the
operating times of the corresponding wastewater treatment systems (1) are increased and the
intervals between backwashing processes and physicochemical cleaning of the membranes (3) are
decrease

The water cooler has a water inlet (4) for receiving treated water from a piped drinking water supply 1
which feeds a thermally insulated chamber (2) containing a cooling element (12) to provide a volume
of cooling medium. Residual sanitizing chemicals in the water supply prevent bacterial growth within
the chamber (2). Water leaves the chamber (2) via an outlet coupling (10) and enters a filter cartridge
(7) which is engaged on a seat (6) incorporating a well (11). The cartridge contains a water filter (20)
within a filter housing (17) which is received in the well (11) surrounded by the cooling medium. A
manifold (16) in thermal contact with the seat (6), incorporates a connector (19) which sealably
engages the coupling (10), flow passages, and a dispense outlet (18). The filter cartridge is cooled to
ensure that cooled water can be dispensed on demand, and periodic replacement of the filter
cartridge ensures that the filtration components remain sanitize

The pyramid bag belongs to the technical field of liquid and solid filtration. It is a simple, practical and 1
totally portable filter and process that can be used to filter liquids from any origin or source and of any
quality. It is made from cured animal skins or other semi-impermeable material in the form of a
pyramid that is positioned in an inverted position and filled approximately 1/3 full of sand. Water is
administered to the inside of the pyramid and the p?res of the semi-impermeable material distend due
to the weight of the water and sand. The liquid passes through these pores to the exterior of the
pyramid while the impurities are kept in the interior for later extraction and use as, for example,
fertilisers. It comes in a version that is 100 per cent environmentally friendly and biodegradable as
well as in an industrial version. It can be used in any climate or under any conditions, particularly in
the case of disaster
This invention provides a method of calculating a water treatment chemical dose for enabling
determination of chemical dose in the treatment of raw water to potable water. Preferably, the present
invention relates to a method of calculating a water treatment chemical dose enabling predictive
calculation of chemical dosage applicable in the treatment of any raw water type with or without local
WTP pre-calibration. The method including the steps of: quantifying the turbidity of water as a
measure of particulate content; quantifying the ultraviolet absorbance of water as a first measure of
natural organic matter (NOM) content; quantifying the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content of
water as a second measure of NOM content; calculating a specific ultraviolet absorbance factor
(SUVA) as the ratio of ultraviolet absorbance and dissolved organic carbon; using SUVA to adjust the
weightings of the particulate content and NOM content and predicting a water treatment chemical
dose from the sum of the particulate content and NOM conten

A flat-membrane element to be used for conducting a solid-liquid separation treatment in which the 1
element is immersed in a raw liquid containing a suspended ingredient. The element comprises:
sheet-form filtration membranes which are disposed face to face so as to be separated from each
other by a space serving as a channel for a treated liquid; supporting parts for securing the space
serving as a treated-liquid channel; and a periphery-sealing part with which the periphery of the
filtration membranes disposed face to face is sealed so as to leave at least one treated-liquid takeout
opening. The filtration membranes each comprises a porous expanded PTFE
(polytetrafluoroethylene) membran

A water filtration system (60, Fig. 2) wherein pressured feed water (water with impurities to be filtered 1
out) passes downstream from an upstream end of a passage (66) through a filter arrangement (74) in
the passage, to a filtrate storage region (82), during filtrate production. Pressured water, such as at 50
psi (3 bars) from a tap water source (110), provides the pressured feed water during filtrate
production, and also pressurizes the filtrate during backflushing. A filtrate pressurizing apparatus (90)
includes a movable member or piston (92) that lies in a chamber (94), and that has a feed side (134)
that is pressurized by tap water during a backflush and that has a filtrate side (132) that presses
against filtrate, the feed side having a larger diameter (D2) than the filtrate side (D1) to produce an
increased pressure during backflushin
Desalination methods that include carbonate compound precipitation are provided. In certain 1
embodiments, feed water is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions prior to
desalination. In certain embodiments, desalination waste brine is subjected to carbonate compound
precipitation conditions. In yet other embodiments, both feed water and waste brine are subjected to
carbonate compound precipitation conditions. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include
carbone dioxide sequestration. Embodiments of the invention further employ a precipitate product of
the carbonate compound precipitation conditions as a building material, e.g., a cement. Also provided
are systems configured for use in methods of the inventio

The invention relates to a water treatment device (2) comprising a hydraulic unit (4) and a filter unit 1
(6). The hydraulic unit (4) comprises an inlet (8) for water to be treated and an outlet (10) for removing
the treated water which has passed through the filter unit (6). The filter unit (6) comprises a plurality of
filters (12) and is detachably connected to the hydraulic unit (4). The device (2) comprises a water-
conducting interface arrangement (14) comprising a first interface (16) associated with the hydraulic
unit (4) and another complementary interface associated with the filter unit (6). The interface
arrangement (14) comprises more than one water supply line (20) leading from the hydraulic unit (4)
into the filter unit (6), and more than one water outlet (22) leading from the filter unit (6) into the
hydraulic unit (4

A method and apparatus for the treatment of pulp mill condensates is described. A hollow fiber 1
contactor, incorporating a hydrophobic membrane, was used to remove several undesirable
compounds from pulp mill condensates. For example, TRS compounds and SO2 were efficiently
stripped from kraft and sulphite mill evaporator condensates, respectively. Methanol was also
removed from kraft mill condensates but at a lower efficiency than TRS. Furthermore, other
undesirable compounds found in condensates of pulp mills that contribute to the BOD and COD
loading to effluent treatment systems were also removed. These contactors are cost effective since
air, vacuum or a suitable solvent or scrubbing solution can be used as the stripping medium to drive
off through the membrane several undesirable compounds from the feed solution. The undesirable
compounds removed can thus be burned in the recovery boiler, lime kiln or a dedicated boile
There is disclosed a beverage dispenser capable of appropriately and smoothly supplying a 1
supercooled beverage without being influenced by a type of raw water. The present invention is a
beverage dispenser 1 comprising: a raw water treatment device 63 which deaerates raw water and/or
filters the raw water through a reverse osmosis film; a primary cooling device 13 which cools said raw
water to an ice point or so; a raw water supply circuit 59 which supplies the raw water cooled by the
primary cooling device 13 to the outside; a secondary cooling device 30 which cools the raw water
flowing through the raw water supply circuit 59 into the supercooled state at the solidifying point or
less; and a syrup circuit 53 which supplies a syrup to the raw water supplied to the outside through a
heat exchanger 61 for supercooling the raw water of the secondary cooling device 3

A device for the filtration of activated sludge, in particular for obtaining wash water out of activated 1
sludge, comprises a membrane filter tank (TM) through which activated sludge is flown and which has
at least one filter membrane (MT) dimensioned for the filtration of a activated sludge population, an
electro-flocculation cell (EF) connected to the filtrate suction pipe of the membrane filter tank (TM),
and a flocculate filter comprising a granular filter material and connected to the discharge outlet of the
electro-flocculation cel

The invention relates to a sea water purification device comprising at least one pair of sea water 1
filtration modules (10a, 10b), especially filtering by reverse osmosis, which are submerged in the
marine environment and connected together by a motorized transmission (12, 13, 19) suitable for
moving the filtration modules of each pair in reciprocating dipping/rising movements in the marine
environment. Each filtration module (10a, 10b) comprises at least one high-pressure chamber
associated with several low-pressure chamber

Apparatus for filtration of contaminated water, characterised in that the apparatus is provided with a 1
housing (1) which, when oriented for proper use, comprises - a contaminated water inlet (2) and a
drain (8, 13), - a water filter in the housing, the filter comprising capillary membranes (3) embedded in
a sealant at their upper and lower side such that they are completely sealed against the housing, - a
permeate connector (5) for the drainage of the permeate, - a backwash connector (6) for the
backwashing of the membrane at the housing, - a manually activated pump (9, 10) connected to the
backwash connector, wherein the backwash connector (6) is located under the permeate connector (5

Disclosed are a membrane separation method and a membrane separation device, each of which 1
enables to reduce deterioration in membrane separation performance during membrane separation of
water to be processed by reducing adsorption of membrane contaminating materials contained in the
water onto the membrane surface. Specifically, water to be processed is subjected to membrane
separation after being added with particles made of a cationic polymer which swells but does not
substantially dissolve in wate

A portable water disinfecting and purification apparatus comprising a first chamber into which water to 1
be purified may be drawn by suction or negative pressure, a second chamber into which the water
from the first chamber can be forced by a pumping action or positive pressure, whereby the water is
passed across a micro-filter positioned within a section of the second chamber through which water
can be forced by said pumping action to an outlet for purified wate

Systems and methods are provided for intimately coupling advanced oxidation process (AOP) with
biodegradation for the treatment of contaminated water. The system comprises a particulate bed
having carrier particles that have a microbial film effective for biodegrading contaminants in the
contaminated water. An advanced oxidation reagent is irradiated by a radiation source to provide an
advanced oxidation reagent effective for oxidizing recalcitrant compounds in the contaminated water
to form biodegradable byproducts. The microbial film is effective for biodegrading the byproducts
substantially immediately after they are produced. The carrier particles are also effective for protecting
the microbial film from the radiation and/or the recalcitrant compound
The present invention relates to a water purifier of tap water. According to the present invention, a 1
metal having a higher ionization tendency is ionized by exposing the metal to water to be purified. The
metal having a higher ionization tendency is selected based on iron (Fe) and limited to metals having
a higher ionization tendency as compared with iron (Fe). Electrons generated when a metal is ionized
into water react with heavy metal ions that have already existed in the water to reduce the heavy
metal ions. The heavy metal ions react with the electrons and are converted into heavy metal
components. The heavy metals are pulled by magnets with a strong magnetism and removed from
the water safely. When using a water purifier according to the present invention, users can drink water
useful to the human body safely and hygienically since mineral components dissolved into water are
not removed at all while removing the heavy metals although small quantities of heavy metals are
dissolved into wate

Provided are a water-purifying apparatus which generates anions and a processing method thereof, in 1
which water is activated through generation of the anions to thus obtain a good quality of purified
water corresponding to pure life-giving water. Here, raw water which is introduced into the water-
purifying apparatus is introduced into an inflow pipe formed in a zigzag shape and rotating units are
rotated by flow rate of the introduced raw water, to thus raise a vortex phenomenon to thereby
generate bubbles. Accordingly, content of anions is increased together with an amount of dissolved
oxygen. Moreover, poisonous impurities contained in the raw water are filtered through filter
members, to thus provide a good quality of purified water. Therefore, water is activated through
generation of bubbles and anions, to thus obtain a good quality of purified water which is the most
healthy and appropriate for the human body, and to thereby provide various effects such as promotion
of environment improvement of purification of a quality of water in the water quality purification field,
promotion of health improvement of treatment and prevention of diseases in the medical field, and
promotion of growth of animals and plants in the life science fiel

A filter with which a raw water can be treated at a high flow rate in a short time and bacteria can be 1
removed from the raw water to a high level by a physical treatment only. Also provided is a method of
filtration. The filter comprises a spring filter (2) and, disposed upstream therefrom, a first precoat layer
(A) constituted of a layer of a filter aid (41) and a second precoat layer (B) constituted of a layer of a
filter aid (42). A raw water is caused to flow from the side of the second precoat layer (B) and filtered.
This filter is characterized in that the filter aid (41) has a particle size distribution mainly constituted of
coarse particles which aggregate at the gaps between the spring loops due to flows in water passing
and part of which form bridges covering the gaps, while the filter aid (42) has a particle size
distribution mainly constituted of fine particles which are smaller than the filter aid (41) and which
themselves cannot form bridges over the gaps. The filter is further characterized in that the size of the
gaps between the loops of the spring filter (2) and the size of the particles of the second precoat layer
(B) are governed by the first precoat layer (A), which is held by the spring filter (2) due to the bridge
phenomeno

A method and apparatus for treating water containing organic matter that would inhibit any microbial 1
multiplication in active carbon column and reverse osmosis membrane separator and attain stable
treatment over a prolonged period of time in the flow including active carbon treatment and post-stage
RO membrane separation treatment of an ultrapure water production system for use in electronic
device manufacturing plants. The method for treating water containing organic matter comprises the
oxidizer addition step of adding an oxidizer to water containing organic matter; the active carbon
treatment step of treating the water containing organic matter having undergone the oxidizer addition
step with active carbon; and the reverse osmosis membrane separation step of passing the water
containing organic matter having undergone the active carbon treatment step through reverse
osmosis membrane separating means, wherein a chlorinated oxidizer is used as the oxidize

Provided is a dipping type membrane separating device capable of feeding a homogenous gas-liquid 1
mixed flow to the membrane faces of individual membrane elements thereby to keep the power to
scrape off the stains of the membrane faces. The dipping type membrane separating device
comprises a plurality of membrane elements (2) arrayed in a horizontal direction, a diffuser (4)
arranged below the membrane elements, and a frame (3) enclosing the diffuser (4) and its
surrounding space. The dipping type membrane separating device is characterized in that, of the
opening areas of the side faces of the space enclosed by the frame, the ratio (B/A) of the area (B) of
an opening of the side face parallel to the arrayed direction of the membrane elements and over the
diffuser to the area (A) of the openings of the upper faces of the arrayed membrane elements is 0.8 to
5.
A water treatment system using a high pressure advanced oxidation process with unreacted ozone
reusing is disclosed, which are able to increase a decomposition speed of a pollutant by reusing a
high pressure advanced oxidation process which uses an ozone and photocatalyst and a photo-
oxidation reaction of a ultraviolet ray. The capacity of the expensive ozone generator can be reduced
as compared to the conventional advanced oxidation process which uses a large capacity ozone
generator in which almost ozone is discharged into the air. In addition, it is possible to decrease the
load of the off-gas ozone removing apparatus for removing the off-gas ozone which is discharged into
the ai

Disclosed is a process for reclamation of waste fluids. A conditioning container is employed for receipt 1
of waste material on a continuous flow for treatment within the container by immersible transducers
producing ultrasonic acoustic waves in combination with a high level of injected ozone. The treated
material exhibits superior separation properties for delivery into a centrifuge for enhanced solid waste
removal. The invention discloses a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus
for cleaning and recycling of flowback, or frac water, which has been used to stimulate gas production
from shale formations. The apparatus is mobile and containerized and suitable for installation at the
well sit

A fluid feed stream is flowed, subject to electromagnetic pulses, to a filter element via an input feed 1
conduit (618) for the filter element. A coil assembly (620, 622, 624) is disposed about the input feed
conduit (618) and an AC power source is connected with the coil assembly. The AC power source has
a period including first and second half-cycles of opposing polarities. A switch in series with the coil
assembly forms a series connected circuit. A second switch connected with the coil assembly forms a
second circuit. A control means closes the first switch and opens the second switch during a first half-
cycle of the AC power source. During a second half-cycle, the control means closes and then opens
the second switch to produce a first large ringing pulse in the coil assembly. A subsequent pulse may
be produced either before or after the first pulse substantially decay

A device for producing drinking water is described, said device comprising supply means (10, 10a, V1, 1
11) able to provide a quantity of inlet water; a distillation system (20, 21, 23) able to distil said quantity
of inlet water so as to obtain a corresponding quantity of distilled water; a salt supply system (40) able
to provide, in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution, at least one reserve supply of salts
necessary for obtaining water which may be defined as drinking water; and a mixing system (30) able
to receive at least a part of this salt reserve and mix it in a controlled manner with the quantity of
distilled water, at the same time aerating the latter, so as to provide drinking water; and a dispensing
tap (50) able to dispense this quantity of drinking wate

Embodiments of the invention include a system and a method of monitoring in real-time, using a close
loop feed-back configuration, the concentration of an active chemical substance, such as an oxidizing
agent, in a water treatment system combining oxidation processes and enhanced by ultraviolet ligh

The present invention relates to an apparatus for sterilizing a water tank of a water purifier and a 1
water purifier having apparatus for sterilizing tank and apparatus for sterilizing tank of water purifier
capable of sterilizing microorganisms or bacteria existing in the water tank by transforming the cold
water stored in the cold water tank to ozone water, and injecting the transformed ozone water into an
interior of the water tank via a nozzle, in the water purifier having the water tank for storing water
purified by a water purifier filter and the cold water tank for storing the water stored in the water tank in
a cold temperatur

The present invention relates to a water filtering element of the present invention comprising 1
treatment media (12), a containment vessel (4) which functions as the main housing of the filter
element in accordance to the present invention, and thus accommodates the said treatment media; a
first accordingly annular perforated piece (2) which may be detachably fixed or mounted within the
internal top area of the filter element of the present invention, a rod-like channel (10), and a pair of
valves referred herein as first valve (19) and a second valve (13b) respectively. The filter element of
the present invention facilitates easy removal of the filter element from the base component devoid of
spilling or allowing the water and accumulated pollutants within the said filter elemen
A low energy water treatment system and method is provided. The system has at least one 1
electrodialysis device that produces partially treated water and a brine byproduct, a softener, and at
least one electrodeionization device. The partially treated water stream can be softened by the
softener to reduce the likelihood of scale formation and to reduce energy consumption in the
electrodeionization device, which produces water having target properties. At least a portion of the
energy used by the electrodeionization device can be generated by concentration differences
between the brine and seawater streams introduced into compartments thereof. The brine stream can
also be used to regenerate the softene

Provided is a device for purifying water capable of reducing an installation area to effectively use an 1
installation place and readily exchange a filter. The device for purifying water includes: a plurality of
filter units for filtering raw water supplied from the exterior; coupling means for directly connecting the
filter units to each other such that the filter units are disposed in a single direction; and discharge
means for discharging purified water filtered through the filter units to the exterio

An Ultraviolet-C (UVC) based portable water purification system employing a novel array of baffles
increases the efficiency per unit energy of irradiating UVC light in the eradication of pathogens in the
water. Closed loop feedback allows monitoring the application of UVC light power to ensure high
levels of pathogen eradication. This system is capable of eradicating a wide range of waterborne
bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helminthes, yeast, and mold found in natural freshwater sources
worldwide. By adding pre- or post- filters, the system can remove harmful organic compounds,
pesticides, inorganic compounds and heavy metals from the water. The system can also be used to
eradicate pathogens in fluids other than water. As a feature of this invention, a communications
systems that can reach geographically dispersed populations at low cost without the need to install
costly wired communications infrastructure is combined with and powered by the water purification
system. In one embodiment, a packet radio system is provided to create nodes in a wireless mesh
communications system to provide voice, data, video and internet communications using an array of
the water purifiers to create a wireless mesh networ

The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing biofouling on membranes during the 1
purification of an aqueous medium by way of pressure-driven membrane separation processes.
Ingredients causing biofouling are removed from the aqueous medium to be purified by attachment
thereof to sacrificial filters (3) that are arranged in the supply line (2) to the pressure-driven membrane
separation installation (4

A gravity driven portable water purification device (1) comprises a dirty water inlet (5) operative to 1
comprise a head of dirty water, water filtration means (23) connected to the dirty water inlet (5), and a
clean water tank (35) connected to an outlet of the water filtration means (23). The dirty water inlet (5),
when the device (1) is in an operational condition, is arranged relative to the clean water tank (35) and
the water filtration means (23) such that, in use of the device, dirty water is forced through the water
filtration means (23) and into the clean water tank (35) by the gravitational force generated from the
head of dirty water in the dirty water inlet (5). The water filtration means (23) comprises a cross-flow
membrane filter in which the gravitational force from the head of dirty water also forces dirty water
across the cross-flow membrane filter so as to force contaminants out of the filte

Intended is to provide a fine bubble-diffusing pipe capable of producing fine bubbles efficiently 1
uniformly and homogeneously even if a diffusing pipe is elongated, and a fine bubble diffusing device
and a dipped type film separating device using the fine bubble diffusing pipe. This fine bubble
diffusing pipe comprises a cylindrical support pipe (1), and an elastic sheet (2) having fine slits formed
therein. The elastic sheet (2) is arranged to cover the outer circumference of the support pipe (1).
When the clearance between the elastic sheet (2) and the support pipe (1) is fed with a gas, the fine
slits of the elastic sheet (2) are opened to perform the function to produce the fine air bubbles to the
outside of the diffusing pipe. The fine bubble diffusing pipe is characterized in that the support pipe (1)
has a longitudinal length (L) of 1,000 mm or more, and in that the support pipe is equipped at its two
ends with gas feed portions (4) acting as gas inlet port
A system for collecting and purifying water entrained within ambient air. The device comprises a
cabinet having an air vent on a back wall thereof through which ambient air is delivered to the cabinet
interior. Within the cabinet are air flow filters, an air intake fan, a condenser unit, various fan
components, a compressor unit, a holding tank, an on-demand pump, an in-line flow switch, a vortex
separation system, charcoal filters, an ultraviolet light unit, and a static chiller (among other important
components). Ambient air is drawn through a filtering device and delivered to the condenser assembly
wherein moisture trapped within the ambient air is condensed into liquid water. The resulting moisture
drips into a collection tray and into a storage reservoir. The on-demand pump draws the stored water
from the storage reservoir and delivers it into a pressurized purification conduit where the water is
filtered and sterilized through the various vortex and carbon filtration components and through an
ultraviolet light unit. The on-demand pressurized water flow may then be selectively dispensed to an
external container through a manually controlled spigo

This invention relates to an integrated water purifier assembly with built-in water condition assessing 1
sensor, comprises a sedimentation filtration module sequentially connected to a pre carbon filtration
module, reverse osmosis membrane filtration module through a first solenoid valve, and a UV filtration
module through a second solenoid valve. Reverse osmosis and UV filtration modules being
separately connected to a post carbon filtration module which is connected to an output water
collection tank and a microprocessor programmed to operate said assembly. The collection tank is
also provided with a TDS sensor means. The sensor means senses the TDS of purified water in the
collection tank and signals the PCB to which it is connected. The PCB is capable of activating suitable
modul

[PROBLEMS] To provide a hollow fiber membrane for treating liquids which shows a high filtration 1
performance per unit area of the hollow fiber membrane, suffers from little clogging during filtration
and shows a high recovery rate in washing in the case of treating a fermented liquor such as wine or
beer with a hollow fiber membrane module to thereby purify the fermented liquor. [MEANS FOR
SOLVING PROBLEMS] A hollow fiber membrane for treating liquids characterized by showing a ratio
of Flux 120 (the flux 120 minutes after starting filtration) to Flux 30 (the flux 30 minutes after the
starting filtration), i.e., Flux 120/Flux 30 of 0.45 or more, in the case of supplying a liquid having a
turbidity of 20 NTU to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane having an inner diameter of 500 to
1500 µm and a membrane thickness of 100 to 500 µm and conducting filtration under an intra-
membrane pressure difference of 1.5 ba

Disclosed are anodically protected, corrosion resistant, self cleaning, high efficiency, submerged tube
and plate heat exchangers. Also disclosed are systems for purifying liquids using the anodically
protected, corrosion resistant, self cleaning, high efficiency, submerged tube and plate heat
exchangers. Further disclosed are methods for purifying liquids using the anodically protected,
corrosion resistant, self cleaning, high efficiency, submerged tube and plate heat exchanger

A method of enhancing flux of tailings settling pond water from an oil sands process through a 1
membrane separation system and purifying the water comprising is disclosed. The process comprises
the following steps: (a) treating the water with an effective amount of one or more water-soluble
cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, zwitterionic polymers, or a combination thereof; (b) passing
the treated water through a membrane separation system; and (c) optionally, passing the permeate
from step (b) through an additional membrane separation syste

A separation membrane element for filtration which has excellent filtrating performance and is 1
excellent in chemical resistance and mechanical strength and with which a stable permeation flow
rate is obtained over long. The separation membrane element for filtration is immersed in a
suspensoid-containing liquid to be treated and is used for conducting solid-liquid separation. The
element comprises: a cylindrical filtration membrane which has been obtained by forming a porous
sheet comprising a porous stretched PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) film into a cylindrical shape and
in which the hollow surrounded by the porous sheet serves as a treated-liquid passage; a support
material for maintaining the hollow serving as a treated-liquid passage; and sealing parts which seal
both axial-direction ends of the cylindrical filtration membrane so as to leave at least one treated-liquid
takeout openin
This invention provides a water treatment method which can produce a treated water having a given 1
level of quality. The water treatment method comprises allowing a raw water to flow into a membrane
separation module using a reverse osmosis membrane to separate the water into a treated water and
a concentrated water. The water treatment method is characterized in that the impurities of the raw
water, the treated water or the concentrated water are measured and the quality of the treated water
is regulated based on the measured impurity valu

A portable device for treating water, particularly a softening device, comprises pressure containers, 1
which are filled with an ion exchanger agent (resin), feed and discharge valves that can be attached
thereon, and feed and removal lines for connecting to a drinking water circuit. To this end, the
pressure container (1) has a design similar to a commercially available water filter housing (2), in
which a cartridge (5) that can be filled with ion exchanger agent is replaceably inserted. Feed and
removal lines (13, 14) that can be connected to the water circuit can be provided, which can be
directly connected to the filter housing via feed and discharge connectors (10, 11) attached or
attachable to the filter housing (2) or via the interposed feed and discharge valves (17, 18).
Advantageously, the device comprises a suitcase-like carrying housing (30), in which the pressure
container (1), including the valves, are accommodated so everything can be securely transported and
handled. In this way, a relatively small, handy and easy-to-carry device is provided, which optimally
allows also low-volume heating and cooling circuits to be filled with appropriately treated wate

An apparatus for an ozone-based treatment of polluted water is disclosed. The apparatus generally 1
comprises three stages. The first stage is an ozone treatment stage wherein the polluted water is
treated with ozone gas. The second stage is a degassing stage wherein excess undissolved gases
are removed from the water whereby the water exiting the degassing stage is essentially saturated
with gases. The last stage of the apparatus is a membrane filtration stage wherein the gas-saturated
water generally undergoes micro- filtration or ultra-filtration. Microbubbles formed during this final
stage generally prevent the accumulation of particles and pollutants on the surface of the membranes
and/or inside the openings or pores thereof; thereby acting as a self-cleaning mechanism for the
membrane filte

A water purifying device and method for purifying water by efficiently decomposing unwanted organic
substances present in water. The water purifying device comprises a water flowing tank through which
water to be purified is made to flow in one direction, one or more platy nonwoven fabrics permeable to
water, placed in the water flowing tank, and composed of fibers having a photocatalytic function, and
an ultraviolet radiation irradiating means for irradiating the platy nonwoven fabrics with ultraviolet
radiation. The device is characterized in that the ultraviolet irradiating means has a shape extending
in the length direction and can radiates ultraviolet radiation having peak wavelengths in the range
from 180 to 190 nm and in the range from 250 to 260 nm, and the platy nonwoven fabrics are parallel
to the length direction of the ultraviolet irradiating mean

There is provided a circulation type water purifier which maximally prevents production of bacteria and 1
microbes by periodically circulating water in the water purifier, and improves lifetime and power saving
of a pump by varying the number of circulation times depending on an amount of water used. The
circulation type water purifier includes a clean water filter; a storage tank in which water purified
through the clean water filter is stored; a cold/hot water supply tank cooling and heating the water
supplied from the storage tank to drain the cooled and heated water to respective drain outlets; a
drain pipe 351 connected to the cold/hot water supply tank to drain the water in the cold/hot water
supply tank when cleansing the interior of the cold/hot water supply tank; a pump 400 periodically
circulating water at every circulation time under a control of a microcomputer; a circulation pipe
connecting the clean water filter, the cold/hot water supply tank, the drain pipe and the pump, the
circulation pipe including a first circulation pipe connecting the clean water filter and the storage tank,
a first auxiliary circulation pipe connecting the storage tank and the cold/hot water supply tank, a
second circulation pipe connecting the storage tank and the clean water filter, and a second auxiliary
circulation pipe connecting the cold/hot water supply tank and the second circulation pipe! and a
sterilizer installed to the circulation pipe to sterilize water flowed into the circulation pip
A water treatment system including a UV bulb (100), a moisture detector (102), and a control circuit
responsive to the moisture detector to terminate power to the bulb when moisture is detected. The
moisture detector (102) includes a nonconductive substrate and a pair of conductors on the substrate.
When moisture is not present, the detector (102) is nonconductive. However, when moisture
accumulates on the detector (102), the moisture provides a conductive path between the conductors
so that the detector (102) becomes conductive. When moisture is detected, the control circuit
terminates power to the bulb (100) and/or provides an appropriate indication to the system use

An intelligent automatic water purifier comprises one cylinder (1) with filtering element having influent 1
and effluent water passages and one intermediate joint (2) having influent and effluent water
pipelines. The water inlet (3) of the intermediate joint (2) is communicated with the water outlet of the
water tap and the water outlet (4) of the intermediate joint (2) is communicated with the water inlet (5)
of the cylinder (1). A flow meter (6) is provided inside the intermediate joint (2). The connection
between the water outlet (4) of the intermediate joint (2) and the water inlet (5) of the cylinder (1) is
demountable. The purifier can not only purify water but also have function of the flow mete

A water purifying and enhancement system of a modular construction designed as a built-in appliance 1
located under the countertop or as a free-standing (stand alone) unit. The water appliance has a
water inlet for obtaining water from a supply source, scale reduction device, booster or re-
pressurization pump, pre- filtration, U. V. sterilization, R.O. filtration, de-ionization (CDI or mechanical),
mineral injection system (for adding desired minerals into the purified water), water diagnostic and
monitoring cells, post filtration, proprietary water enhancement reactor consisting