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SYLLABUS
Labor Law I
Arellano University School of Law

References:
Labor Standards and Social Legislations by Dean Poquiz
Labor Laws and Social Legislations by Dean Duka.

N.B. Additional cases will be given during class as well as other updates as needed.

I. HISTORY, BASIC PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL CONCEPTS

Topics:

A. Constitutional Provisions/Basis:
Art. II, Sec. 10 and 18, Art. III, Sec. 8, Art. XIII, Sec. 3, Art. XIII, Sec. 14

B. Civil Code
Arts. 1700 to 1710

C. International Conventions
Universal Declaration of Human Rights Arts. 3,7,17,22,23,24,25
International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights part 3, Arts. 6-11
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights part II, art.8

D. Definitions: Labor Law & its sources, Labor Standards, Labor Relations, Social Legislation E.
History & Structure of the Labor Code and the Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code

Cases:

Maternity Children's Hospital vs. Sec. of Labor, 174, GR 79809, June 30, 1989
PASEI vs. Drilon, GR 81958, June 30, 2018
Calalang vs. Williams, 70 Phil. 726, GR 47800, Dec. 2, 1940
Innodata Knowledge Services, Inc. v. Inting, G.R. No. 211892, Dec. 6, 2017
Guerrero v. Philippine Transmarine Carriers, Inc., G.R. No. 222523, Oct. 3, 2018
Gopio v. Bautista, G.R. No. 205953, June 6, 2018
Phil. Airlines vs. Santos, 218 SCRA 415, GR 77875, Feb. 4, 1993
Davao Fruits vs. Associated Labor Union, 225 SCRA 562, GR 85073, Aug. 24, 1993
Antonio Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime, GR 167614, March 24, 2009
Federico Ledesma vs. NLRC, GR 174585, October 19, 2007 People v. Nangcas, G.R. No.
218806, June 13, 2018

II. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Statutory Reference:
Chapter 1, Articles 1-6 of the renumbered Labor Code

Note: Chapter 2 – Emancipation of Tenants specifically, Articles 7 to 11 of the renumbered Labor

Code, is now amended by RA 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 as
amended by RA 7881 and is part of the subject Agrarian Law & Social Legislation.

Topics:
A. Declaration of Basic Policy
1. Rights of Employees and Workers
2. Management Rights/Management Prerogative
B. Construction in favor of labor

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C. Rule-making power and the implanting rules and regulations

D. Applicability of the Labor Code
1. Definitions, Book V, Title I, Chapter I, Art. 219 (e) (f) (m) and Art. 291 of the Labor
Code
2. Employer-Employee (EE-EE) Relationship
3. Tests to determine EE-EE

Cases:
Duncan vs. Glaxo, GR No. 162994, Sep. 17, 2004
Smart Communications vs. Astorga, G.R. No. 148132, Jan. 28, 2008
PLDT vs. Teves, G.R. No. 143511, Nov. 15, 2010
Penaflor vs. Outdoor, G.R. No. 177114, Jan. 21, 2010
Sonza vs. ABS-CBN, 431 SCRA 583, G.R. No. 138051, June 10, 2004
Lu vs. Enopia et al., G.R. No. 197899, March 6, 2017
Rolando De Roca vs. Eduardo C. Dabuy An, Jennifer A. Branzuela, Jennyl Yn A. Ri Carte,
And Herminigildo F. Sabanate, March 5, 2018, G.R. No. 215281
Expedition vs. Alexander Africa et al, G.R. No. 228671, December 14, 2017
Phil. Global Vs. De Vera, 459 Scra 260
Lasco vs UN Revolving Fund, G.R. No. 109095, Feb. 23, 1995

III. PRE-EMPLOYMENT

Statutory References:
Articles 12 to 39 of the renumbered Labor Code
RA 8042 as amended by RA 10022, Migrant workers and Overseas Filipino Act
DOLE Department Order No. 141-14 Revised Rules and Regulations governing recruitment and
placement
2002 POEA Rules for Land-Based Overseas Workers

Note: Arts. 15 & 17 were abolished (functions are now being undertaken by the POEA), Arts. 19
& 20 have been superseded by B.P. 79 & EO 797 respectively, while Art. 39 has been repealed

Topics:
A. Recruitment and Placement - Definitions
B. Parties that may engage in recruitment and placement & exceptions
C. Prohibited Practices
D. Mandatory Remittance
E. Regulatory and Visitorial powers of the DOLE Secretary
F. Illegal Recruitment, definition & kinds
G. Liabilities, pretermination of contract, penalties, remedies

Cases:
People vs. Panis, G.R. No. L-58674-77, July 11, 1990
Hellenic Phils. vs. Siete, G.R. No. 84082, Mar. 13, 1991
Delia Romero vs. People, G.R. No. 171644, Nov. 23, 2011
Rovago vs. Esso Eastern, G.R. No. 138193, Mar. 5, 2003
Millares vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 110524, July 29, 2002
Skippers vs. Doza, G.R. No. 175558, Feb. 8, 2012
ATCI vs. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, October 11, 2010
Sameer vs. Cabiles, G.R. No. 170139, Aug. 5, 2014

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IV. ALIEN EMPLOYMENT

Statutory References:
Arts. 40-42 of the Labor Code
Book I, Rule XIV, Omnibus Rules
D.O. No. 186-17 Revised Rules for Issuance of Employment Permits to Foreign Nationals

Topics:
A. Coverage
B. Employment Permit
C. Prohibitions
Cases:
Almodiel vs. NLRC, 233 SCRA 241, G.R. No. 100641
General Milling Corp. vs. Torres, G.R. No. 9366, April 22, 1991

V. EMPLOYMENT OF APPRENTICES, LEARNERS & HANDICAPPED WORKERS

Statutory References:
Arts. 57-81 of the renumbered Labor Code
RA 7796, TESDA Act of 1994
RA 7686, Dual Training Systems Act of 1994
RA 7277, Magna Carta for Disabled Persons
RA 7610 as amended RA 7658 in relation to qualifications

Topics:
A. Apprenticeship vs Learnership
B. Defintions, Qualifications, Durations
C. Implementing Agency
D. Allowable Employment
E. Compensation

Cases:
Atlanta Industries vs. Sebolino, G.R. No. 187320, Jan. 26, 2011
Professional Video vs. TESDA, G.R. No. 155504, June 26, 2009
Century Canning vs. CA, G.R. No. 152894, Aug. 17, 2007
Nitto vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 114337, Sep. 29, 1995
Bernardo vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 122917, July 12, 1999

VI. WORKING CONDITIONS AND REST PERIODS

Statutory References:
Art. 82 to 97 of the Renumbered Labor Code
Book III, Rule I to Rule VI of the Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code
Department Advisory No. 2, Series of 2009
RA 8187 Paternity Leave Act
RA 8282 Maternity Leave Act
RA 8972 Solo Parents' Welfare Act
RA 9262 Violence Against Women and Children
RA 9710 The Magna Carta of Women
RA 11210 Expanded Maternity Leave Law

Topics:
A. Hours of Work
1. Compensable Hours of Work
2. Normal Hours of Work

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3. Meal Periods
4. Flexible Work Arrangements
5. Night Shift Differential
6. Overtime Work
7. Emergency Overtime Work
8. Undertime not offset by Overtime
B. Weekly Rest Period
C. Right to Holiday Pay
1. Kinds of Holidays
2. Rules in Computing Holiday Pay
3. No Work, No Pay Rule
D. Service Incentive Leave
E. Service Charges
F. Other Special Leave Benefits
1. Maternity Leave – coverage & entitlement/benefit
2. Paternity Leave - coverage & entitlement/benefit
3. Parental Leave - coverage & entitlement/benefit
4. Leave for victims of VAWC - coverage & entitlement/benefit
5. Special Leave for Women - coverage & entitlement/benefit
Cases:
Asia Pacific vs. Farolan, 393 SCRA 454, GR 151370 (2002)
Autobus vs. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578, GR 156367, May 5, 2005
Red vs Coconut, GR L21348 June 30, 1966, 17 SCRA 553
Arica vs. NLRC, 170 SCRA 776, GR 78210, Feb. 28, 1989
PAL vs. NLRC, 302 SCRA 582 (1999) GR 132805
Mercury Drug vs. Nardo Dayao, G.R. No. L-15422, November 30, 1962
Loon vs. Powermaster, G.R. No. 189404, December 11, 2013
PNB vs. PNB Employees Association, 115 SCRA 507
Asian Transmission vs. CA, G.R. No. 144664, Mar. 16, 2004
Asian Transunion vs CA, 425 SCRA 478, GR 144664, Mar. 15, 2004
Jose Rizal College vs NLRC, 156 SCRA 27
Mansion Printing vs. Bitara, G.R. No. 168120, January 25, 2012
Mayon Hotel vs. Adana, G.R. No. 157634, May 16, 2005

VII. WAGES

Statutory References:
Arts. 97-129 of the Renumbered Labor Code
Book III, Rules VII to XI of the Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code
New Civil Code, Arts. 1707, 2241-2244
DOLE Department Order No. 195, Series of 2018
DOLE Department Order No. 174, series of 2017
DOLE Department Order No. 126-13 series of 2013
Explanatory Bulletin issued by DOLE Secretary Leonardo Quisumbing dated Nov. 25, 1996
PD 851, Labor Advisory No. 12 series of 2013

Topics:
A. Definition
B. Minimum Wage Rates
C. Facilities vs. Supplements
D. Forms, Time, Place of Payment
E. Bonuses
F. 13th month pay
G. Non-Diminution of Benefits
H. Attorney’s Fees

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I. Wage Deduction, Interference in Disposal & Withholding of Wages

J. Job Contracting and Labor Only Contracting
K. Worker Preference in case of Bankruptcy
L. Powers and Functions of the NWPC & RTWPB
1. Wage Determination
2. Wage Distortion
M. Administration and Enforcement

Cases:
GAA vs. CA, 140 SCRA 304
Atok Big Wedge Assoc. vs. Atok Mining Co., 97 Phil. 294
Chavez vs NLRC, 448 SCRA 478, GR 146530, January 17, 2005
LG Marcos vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 111744, September 8, 1995
Sevilla Trading vs. Semana, G.R. No. 152456, April 28, 2004
Davao Integrated Ports vs. Abarquez, G.R. No. 102132, March 19, 1993
RTG Construction vs. Facto, G.R. No. 163872, December 21, 2009
Babas vs. Lorenzo Shipping, G.R. No. 186091, December 15, 2010
Superior Packaging vs. Balagsa, G.R. No. 178909, October 10, 2012
Boie Takeda vs. Dela Serna, 228 SCRA 329, GR L-92174, Dec. 10, 1983
Barayoga vs. Asset Privatization Trust, 473 SCRA 690, GR No. 160073
Nasipit Lumber vs. NWCP, 289 SCRA 339, GR No. 128296, Sep. 8, 2003
Bankard Employees vs. NLRC, 423 SCRA 148, GR No. 140689, Feb. 17, 2004

VIII. WORKING CONDITIONS FOR SPECIAL GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES

Statutory References:
Art. 130 to 161 of the renumbered Labor Code
RA 7610 as amended in relation to working conditions of children
RA 10361 or the Batas Kasambahay
DOLE Department Order No. 2, Series of 2018
DOLE Department Order No. 10, Series of 2018
DOLE Department Order 119-12, Series of 2012

Topics:
A. Employment of Women
1. Facilities
2. Discrimination
3. Stipulation Against Marriage
4. Prohibited Acts
B. Employment of Minors
1. Conditions
2. Prohibited Acts
3. Sanctions
C. Employment of Househelpers
1. Coverage
2. Exception
3. Benefits
4. Dismissal Process
D. Employment of Homeworkers
E. Employment of Night Workers

Cases:
PLDT vs. NLRC & Grace De Guzman, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
Apex Mining vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 94951, Apr. 22, 1991
Barcenas vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 87210, July 16, 1990

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Remington vs. Castaneda, G.R. No. 169295, Nov. 20, 2006

IX. HEALTH, SAFETY & SOCIAL WELFARE BENEFITS

Statutory References:
Arts. 162-217 of the renumbered Labor Code
RA 11058 – An Act Strengthening Compliance With Occupational Safety And Health
Standards And Providing Penalties For Violations
RA 11036 Mental Health Act (only with respect to Chapter V in the workplace)
RA 11313 Safe Spaces Act (only with respect to Article IV re. Gender-based harassment
in the Workplace)
PD 626 Employees’ Compensation and State Insurance Fund
RA 7875 National Health Insurance Act
RA 1161 as amended by RA 8282
RA 9765 Home Development Mutual Fund
DOLE Department Order No. 184, Series of 2017

Topics:
A. Medical and Dental Service
1. Mandatory obligations
2. Emergency Hospitals
B. Occupational Health and Safety
1. Mandatory obligations
a. Registration of Business
b. Safety Committee
C. Employees Compensation and State Insurance Fund
1. Workmen’s Compensation
2. Coverage and Registration
3. Definition of Terms
4. Agencies involved
5. Compensability – criteria
6. Benefits and Liabilities
D. Contributions
E. Medical, Disability, Death Benefits
F. Provisions common to Income Benefits
G. Medicare
H. Adult Education Program

Cases:
Red Line vs. Barriso, 11 SCRA 801
Vistal vs. ECC, 187 SCRA 623
Hinoguin vs. ECC, G.R. No. 84307, April 17, 1989
Valeriano vs. ECC, G.R. 136200, June 8, 2000
Dela Cruz vs. Cia Maritima, G.R. No. 38236, August 21, 1933

END

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