SAN PASCUAL SENIOR

HIGH SCHOOL I

TRAFFIC LIGHT SIMULATOR:A PROPOSE PROJECT

A Thesis
Presented to
the Faculty of San Pascual Senior High School 1
San Pascual, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for
Practical Research II

By:
JHON MARK MAUHAY
JEROME VEGA
JUSTINE AGUILAR
JOHN PAUL MANALO
ELEAZAR JOSEPH ARINGO

JANUARY 2018

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Abstract
This study is about how traffic how traffic light can help the community of
Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas control the traffic. The researchers decided
to conduct this study because of some complains of heavy traffic in Poblacion,
San Pascual, Batangas. The scope of this study is how traffic light can change
the traffic condition in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas. This study sought to
answers the following questions, how the respondents describe the traffic
situation in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas in terms of: Availability of vehicle,
length of travel, and efficiency of time allotment, to what extent does the present
traffic condition affect the commuters daily routine? what are the factors that
affect the traffic condition in the area?
The respondents of this study were the students, commuters, and drivers.
The data gathering instruments researchers use was survey questionnaire. The
statistical treatment of data used are weighted mean, average, and ranking.
After the data where gathered, tabulated, and statistically treated the
researchers arrived the following findings. Availability of vehicles. The
researchers found out that the availability of the vehicles in Poblacion San
PascualBatangas is efficient base on its result that the researchers gathered.
Length of travel. Based on data gathered, the length of travel is slightly not
efficient, means length of travel is not that efficient to affect the traffic situation.
Efficiency of time allotment. Based on the gathered data efficiency of time
allotment is one of the efficient factor if there is a traffic. It was found out that the
Extent of effect of the traffic condition in the daily routine is moderately extent,
means that the traffic condition in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas does not
affect the commuters daily routine. It was found out the factors affect in the traffic
condition in Poblacion San PascualBatangas is because the existing policies of
municipality was not enough. This was revealed by the average of 9.28, with the
rank of 1 in overall ranking.

In light of the significant findings revealed in the study, the following were the
conclusion formed. The traffic situation that mostly happens in Poblacion san
PascualBatangas is the availability and efficiency of time allotment. This are the
reasons why some areas of Poblacion San Pascualbatangas experience a traffic.
The extent of traffic situation in Poblacion San PascualBatangas Does not totally
affect the daily routines of the people in Poblacion San PascualBatangas. The
factor that mostly affect the traffic condition in Poblacion San Pascual is the
existence of the policies in municipalities because it is not enough to control the
traffic and those attitude drivers. The following recommendations are hereby
offered. Availability of traffic light to lesse the heavy traffic, to the traffic enforcers
to reduce their work, to commuters to lessen the time they spending on traffic,
existing policies of municipality for attitude drivers, to the students not to get late
to school, to the drivers to save gas and money

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Acknowledgement

The researchers would like to take this chance to give thank the following:

First to our heavenly father, who is the source of knowledge and strength for the
accomplishment of this research.
Our sincere thank to our parents who are our inspiration in pursuing our studies.
Our gratitude to our able teachers at the San Pascual Senior High school 1
Our sincere thank with lots of love and to our lovable and understanding Practical
research 2 teacher Ms. Rhea Rose Abanador for knowledge and support she
imposed us.
Our sincere thank to our teacher Felomino Llacuna jr. For helping us to give the
background in our study topic about traffic light.
We would like to thank for our adviser Ms. Princess syra castor to motivate us to
finish our task and to our friend jewel rose Garcia for helping us and guide us
what we doing.

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Dedication

We the researchers wholeheartedly dedicated the research to:

Our almighty god who is our great master
To our Practical Research 2 teacher Ms.Rhea Rose Abanador who
become our teacher.
To our ever dearest family who always give support on us.
To our classmates, friends and peers.

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Table of Contents

Title Page……………………………………………………………………..1

Abstract……………………………………………………………………….2

Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………..3

Dedication…………………………………………………………………….4

Table of contents……………………………………………………………5

List of Tables…………………………………………………………………
Table 1: Traffic situation
Table 2: Daily routine
Table 3: Factors that affect the traffic condition
List of Figures…………………………………………………………………
Figure 1 Conceptual paradigm
Appendix………………………………………………………………………6

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CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM……………………………………………8

Introduction

Statement of the Problem

Scope, limitation and delimitation

Significance of the study

II. Review of related literature…………………………….9

Conceptual Literature

Research Literature

Synthesis

Conceptual Framework

Definition of Terms

III. Research Method and

Procedure……………………………………………………….10

Research design

Respondents of the study

Data gathering instrument

Questionnaire

Data gathering procedure

Statistical treatment of data

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IV. Presentation, Analysis,

and Interpretation of Data……………………………………11

V. Summary, Conclusion,
and Recommendation……………………………………….12

Summary

Findings

Conclusions

Recommendations

Appendix
Questionnaire
Curriculum vitae
Certificate of Grammarian
Letter of Administration

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CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM

Introduction
One of the daily problem that we’re facing when it comes to trip is the

traffic. We’re spending too much time in traffic because of some sort. The reason

why some of us are late in school or work. Thinking about what maybe the best

solution to solve the traffic.

In some areas of Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas, it becomes a major

problem. Most of the commuters are complaining about the heavy traffic in

Poblacion. Even there are traffic enforcer that work improve the traffic system it’s

still not enough to reduce the heavy traffic because traffic enforcer has limitation.

Even though there are still possible solution to resolve the traffic; and it is by

installing traffic light simulator in intersection in Poblacion San Pascual.

Using traffic light simulator in Poblacion San Pascual can resolve and it

can help the traffic enforcer to balance the traffic in every intersections in

Poblacion San Pascual. Traffic light simulator can decrease the number of

accidents, and improve the traffic flow in Poblacion San Pascual. These traffic

light simulator can put the city to the traffic enforcer and people in Poblacion San

Pascual. Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, traffic lamps, traffic

semaphore, signal lights, stop lights, robot and traffic control signals (in

technicalparlane) are signaling devices positioned at road intersections,

pedestrian crossing, and other location to control flows of traffic the traffic

system.

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The world’s first traffic light was short lived. It was a manually operated

gas-lit signals installed in London in December 1868, It exploded less than a

month after it was implemented that causes injury and death to some of the

operators. Traffic control started to be seen necessary in the late 1890’s and

eastern Sirrine from Chicago patented the first automated traffic control system in

1910. It use the worlds “STOP” and “PROCEED” although neither world li up.

The researchers decided to conduct the study because now a days the

researchers see that all vehicles are not exactly going in their way without facing

a heavy traffic. The researchers also experience the heavy volume of traffic so

the researchers propose this traffic light to resolve the heavy volume of traffic in

Poblacion San Pascual especially the intersections. Moreover, this traffic light

can help not only the drivers and commuters but also the traffic enforcers for their

safety and the people living in municipality of San Pascual.

It may be potentially life threatening to cross a busy street having crosswalk

could help dramatically lower the risk.

These devices also play a role in road safety. While accidents still

occur at intersections It may be potentially life threatening to cross a busy street

having crosswalk could help dramatically lower the risk. These crashes maybe

been presented by the drivers yielding to the traffic lights, on the other hand,

Many lives have probably been saved by the traffic light being installed.

Traffic light simulator alternate the right of way accorded to users by displaying

light of a standard color (red, green, yellow) following a universal color code. In

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the typical of color phases. The green lights allows the drivers to move in their

direction. The yellow light warns that the signal is about to change to red. The

light indicates that all vehicles are going to stop in perspective places. In this

study, we aim to present a project to propose the community of Poblacion, San

Pascual about traffic light simulator that would help the commuters avoid and

heavy traffic situation.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the extent of the effect of the traffic

condition

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. How the respondents describe the traffic situation in Poblacion, San

Pascual, Batangas in terms of:

1.1. Availability of vehicles

1.2. Length of travel

1.3. Efficiency of time allotment

2. To what extent does the present traffic condition affect the

commuters daily routine?

3. What are the factors that affect the traffic condition in the area

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4. What traffic light simulator system system may be proposed to

improve traffic situation in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas.

Scope, Limitation and Delimitation of the Study

The scope area of our study, aims to provide a solution to the heavy traffic

experienced by the respondents living in San Pascual Batangas. And help the

community in their daily routine as it was greatly affected by traffic and also to

resolve the traffic problem using the traffic light simulator. The target respondents

of our study are the students, workers and commuters that experiencing traffic.

This output only covers the traffic system in every intersection in

Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas. The weakness of this study Is there’s no

assurance that traffic will end but could only provide a way to reduce the

dilemma.

The output do not covers the actual function of the traffic light simulator.

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Significance of the Study

The result of the study will be of great benefit to the following:

Availability of traffic light.To control the traffic situation in every intersections

and to avoid the road accidents.

Students. The results will help the students not to be late on their way to school.

Commuters.The study can also provide the commuters an ease way during their

travel hours and learn to understand different traffic situation in their area.

Drivers. This study will help the drivers to save money and gas.

Municipality. With this study the municipality can get an idea what rules and

regulations they need to imposed for drivers to ensure their compliance of proper

driving attitude.

Traffic enforcers. This study can also help the enforcers to control the heavy

volume of traffic.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Conceptual Literature
In comparison with adaptive traffic control algorithms, the self-

13organizing strategy is more flexible with respect to local demands and more

robust to

variations in the traffic flows. The self-organizing traffic control system can

respond to actual real-time traffic conditions without using any pre-determined

signalization schedules that are based on average traffic characteristics, e.g.,

average velocity (Lämmer and Helbing, 2008).

This is an attempt to simulate a sample traffic light you can specify how

long you want each light show before it changes to the next light,as well as the

number of cycles (green to red or red to green light changes) you want before the

simulator stops running (Hayashida, 2017)

The idea of this traffic light is to control the rate of traffic. As mentioned

before, modern traffic lights can monitor traffic, change light cycles for

pedestrians requesting to cross, know when to change its timer for increase

traffic flow, for the project researchers will implement a four way intersection

based on a fixed time interval for each light. That is to say that the light has no

feedback and will simply run without regard to the traffic volume. Even though

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this is not an intelligent light, it can still implement this system in an intelligent

way. Perhaps even save money doing it. Say, for example, a four way

intersection whose streets are busy bunny lane and lazy tortoise Ave. (Both one

way only streets). From the town’s traffic history conducted by the local police

municipality, researchers find that busy bunny lane is busier than lazy tortoise

Ave. Since knowing the typical traffic flow of this intersection, simple timer based

control is appropriate. Adding any other features here would be a waste of

money which the town cannot afford (Corleto 2016)

The rapid growth of urban traffic requires efficient control methods

traffic congestion appears when to many vehicles attempt to use a common

transportation infrastructure with limited capacity, it leads to a degraded use of

the available infrastructure a degredation, and so forth. However to keep traffic

flowing smoothly and safely, traffic lights at intersections is the major control

measure in urban road networks. Among the main advantages of traffic signals

are the flexibility of the signalling scheme, the ability to provide priority treatment

and the feasibility of coordinated control along streets.(Kutil et al., 2006.)

This paper presents design and simulation of a power efficient traffic

light controller (PTLC). PTLC design and computing its speed at operation, in the

conventional, power consumption is high and expensive. The design of PTLC is

better than conventional in terms of LUT’S (number of gates). Complexity, size

and cost. In this research paper a novel PTLC is presented with a minimum

number of LED’S which fairly improves its performance and makes the design

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efficient in terms of power and speed with respect to conventional design. The

conventional traffic light controller has been implemented using

micro controller and FPGA’s. The research paper by parasmain in 2013 stated

the use of FPGA to design an advanced traffic light controller which uses the

sensor to maintain the continous traffic flow. The power consumption is to high

which can be reduced by design of PTLC is an economical and posses the

characters of high integration, how power and flexibility. The PTLC has been

Implements using FPGA. FPGA has many advantages as the speed, number of

input/output ports and performance. This system has been successful tested and

implemented in hardware using Xilinx V .1 software packages using high speed

integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL), RTL and te

chnology schematic are included to validate simulation results.( JatinShidar et al

2014 )

Control of street traffic in urban condition is nowadays crucial problem in

majority of developed countries. Rapid increase of number of vehicles before all

personal cars and pick-ups, creates in many cities the situation which is difficult

to manage. It is important not only to assure fluent movements of cars in chosen

directions in specific time periods, but also determination of alternative ways in

the situation in which original main communication way are blocked by roads

accident or cars being out of orders. Basis for planning control algorithms is

gathering information about the traffic and traffic history or given one but it is not

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enough. There is also need to observe the situation and adapt realized strategy

to the changing road situation ( Gaca 2008 )

This paper presents a person-based traffic signal control strategy for

isolated intersection, including simultaneously signal plan design and signal

timing optimization with real time information on the network dynamics. In order

update the traffic signal control plan, a model of efficient allocation of an available

resource (green time period ) to consumers ( traffic lights ) was devised as a

protocol to decide who gets the right of using the resources based on an action-

like schema. (Vilarinho, Tavares, Rossetti 2017).

Some further research has to be done on coordinating the lights. A mechanism

for this is not yet designed and should be done as next. There are also further

systems to be evaluated. Currently, we developed a system which re-identifies

vehicles that pass a set of camera-equipped junctions. Among other things,

travel times are computed from re-identified cars. These travel times are valuable

data, e.g. for further optimization of traffic light control. Such traffic improvements

methods, could be simulated, too; and may also be one of the further steps. (D.

Krajewiez ,2008)

Transportation system are complex dynamic system that hard to be

modeled exactly. The correct model need model verification and validation. This

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paper present and improved discrete event simulation model of traffic light

control on a single intersection. Model is developed using SIMULINK/ sim event

toolbox provided my MATLAB. We proposed the improved model using controller

with two output switches combined with traffic signal logic block. In this research,

the fixed time controller algorithm is located within traffic signal logic block. The

intersection model uses four approaches, and each approach consist of one

through stream and one right turn stream. Each stream is model as an M/M/I

queue. FIFO discipline and applied the vehicles queue in each stream. Inter

arrival time between vehicles is modeled using exponential distribution. Model

validation is done in two different scenarios of inter arrival time between vehicles

15s (for low traffic volume) and 5s (for high traffic volume) respectively.

Experiment result show the number of vehicles in queue and average waiting

time of low traffic volume is lower than high traffic volume. That means the model

has functioned correctly. ( a.Halim et al, 2013)

A signal control system is evaluated in a road traffic control system, the

normal practice is to install the signal controller in the field for system evaluation.

However, in a field environment, it is impossible to reproduce practical traffic

conditions or assumed conditions incidental demand variations, over saturated

status, very rarely emerging traffic conditions. A traffic control system can also be

evaluated using a traffic simulator as subtitute field evaluation. How ever, pattern

signal traffic simulators are closed systems. Therefore, a traffic simulator needs

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to incorporate an algorithm for a signal controller operated in the respective

signal control system.(Kazama T, 2002)

With the developing of urbanization, as well as the significant

increasing of automobile in city, the phenomenon of traffic jam has occurred

frequently. As a result, municipal administration has widened the city's trunk line,

the traffic management bureau has increased traffic lights at crossroads, but we

could not see much great change in city traffic condition. These measures, for

instance, how to make use of existing urban roads more effectively, how to

regulate the time of the traffic lights, and how to use the minimum investment to

ease the city's jam, possess realistic significance. The primary goal of this paper

based on the optimization of phase and time of traffic lights is to achieve the

optimal research on both sides not only “Green light wave band” but also

“Inverse green light wave band”, and simulates optimization of going through

inverse green light wave band by using the software of MATLAB according to the

constraint discriminate of bi-directional green light wave band what we calculated

in the paper.(Liu ning, Xing enchong, Zhao xin)

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Research Literature
In the study of ( Abdoos, et.al., 2013 Mc kenney and White,2013) The task

of urban traffic control is to increase capacity of the road network and decrease

congestion by using traffic signals.

Global optimization of traffic signals in a road network is a NP- hand problem

and the solution cannot be found in real – time due to the high computational

complexity. For that reason the centralized traffic control methods are based on

adaption of some pre calculated signalized schedule i.e, an optimization of

signalization cycle, offset and split ( Hamilton et cl.., 2003). Limited performance

of the 9adaptive method has motivated the interest in self- organizing traffic

control.

Much has been written on advanced signals timing; see NCHRP synthesis

403 (stevanovic 2010) for one example. Thus, the synthesis will focus on only a

few aspect of signal control related to transit priority and emergency vehicle

priority / percemption treatments and the integration of signals timing with other

aspect of ATM measures on material.

The rapid growth of urban traffic requires efficient control methods traffic

congestion appears when to many vehicles attempt to use a common

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transportation infrastructure with limited capacity, it leads to a degraded use of

the available infrastructure degradation, and so forth. However to keep traffic

flowing smoothly and safely, traffic lights at intersections is the major control

measure in urban road networks. Among the main advantages of traffic signals

are the flexibility of the signalling scheme, the ability to provide priority treatment

and the feasibility of coordinated control along streets. ( Kutil et al., 2006)

Traffic management on the road has become a severe problem of today’s

society. An efficient traffic management technique is needed to reduce waiting

and travelling times, save fuel and money. We are known to the fast that number

of vehicles is increasing exponentially, but infrastructure for transportation we

have, is not sufficient to satisfy their needs. (Prof. MesVidyapatil 2016)

Vehicular traffic control at road crossing has always been a matter of

concern of administration in many modern cities around the world. Several

attempts have been made to design efficient automated system to solve this

problem. Most of the present day systems use pre-determined timing circuit to

operate traffic signal’s which are not very efficient because they do not operate

according to the current volume of traffic at the crossing. (Sadhna Ajay nee

Bansal et al., 2009)

Density speed and flow are the three critical parameters for road traffic

analysis. High performance road traffic management and control require real time

estimation of space mean speed and density as input for large spatial and

temporal coverage of the roadway network. In adaptive traffic control system

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which received information from vehicle such as position and speed and then it

utilize to optimize the traffic signal. The system species the use of onboard

sensors in vehicle and standard wireless communication protocol specified for

vehicular applications. (Pyinti Raju et al., 2016)

Based on fluid-dynamics and many particles (car – following) simulations

of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordination

incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self –

organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottleneck, we purpose a self-

organization approach to traffic light control.

The problem can be treated as a multi-agent problem with interactions

between vehicles and traffic lights. Specially, our approach assumes a priority-

based control of traffic light by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account

short-sighted anticipation of vehicles flows and platoons. (Stefan Lammer and

Dirk Helbing 2008).

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Synthesis
The concepts and ideas presented in the reviewed literature and studies

were instrumental in substantiating the present research work.

In the study of(Gaca 2008) researchers similarities in other research is

how does traffic light can control the traffic condition in urban but the differ is how

the volume of vehicle can affect the traffic condition.

In the study of(Stefan Lammer and Dirk Helbing 2008). It is similar to the

current study, because researcher explain the interaction between vehicles and

traffic lights. Differ is how the traffic lights work in intersections.

(Corleto 2016) Explain the idea of traffic light and control the rate of traffic.

Also explain how traffic light does works and how can it help in intersections.the

researchers will implement a four way intersection based on a fixed time interval

for each light to explain it briefly. That is to say that the light has no feedback and

will simply run without regard to the traffic volume.

In the study of (Prof. MesVidyapatil 2016) traffic management is a severe

problem.An efficient traffic management technique is needed to reduce waiting

and travelling times, save fuel and money. Differ in other study. High

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performance road traffic management and control require real time estimation of

space mean speed and density as input for large spatial and temporal coverage

of the roadway network.

Conceptual Framework

This study aimed to present the researchers concept and the output or the

expected outcome of their conduct research.

The research process that this study utilized is shown in Figure 1. The

design shows the profile and proficiency of the research subject, variables

involved, and the result of the study.

Input Process Output

 Traffic  Survey
Wiring diagram
Situation
Questionnaire
and plan where
 Factors that  Internet, the traffic light
affect
thetraffic browsing will be installed.
condition in
an area. books and/or List of materials
articles needed and
 Interpretation budget for
 Daily routine of Data &
and traffic analysis proposal. 23
situation  Formulation of
proposal to
solve the
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Figure 1: Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

In this study, the input as shown in the first box the traffic situation, factors that

affect the commuters and how daily routine of commuters being affected by the

traffic. This input help the researchers for conducting research.

The process that shown in the second box shows the technique and

strategy that researchers use for gathering the data that researchers needed for

their conducted research.

The output that shown in the last box is description about the traffic light

simulator and what place traffic light will be installed. It also described the list of

materials and budget for the traffic light.

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Definition of Terms

For better understanding of this study, the following terms are defined

conceptually and operationally.

Heavy Traffic.Defined as vehicles or people in the vehicles, a delay that involves

transportation or movement through a designated location.

Commuters. Persons who travel regularly by automobile, bus, jeepney, and

tricycles, between two points at some distance from each other.

Traffic lights. Traffic lights alternate the right of way accorded to users by

displaying lights of a standard color.

Pedestrians. The pedestrians are the people that cross the roads.

Pedestrian lane. This lane is provided for those people who want to cross the

road.

Traffic situation. There is a different traffic situation, like accidents in an area

and road excavation.

Intersections. It is a road where two or more roads meet or cross.

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CHAPTER lll

REASERCH METHOD AND PROCEDURE

This chapter represents the research methodology used in this study,

research design, the subjects and the sources of data, researcher’s data

gathering instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical data.

Research Design

The researchers used the descriptive type of research, with the survey-

questionnaire as the main tool in gathering data. According to Polit&Hungler,

(1999). This type of research describes what exists and may help to uncover

news facts and meaning. This involves the collection of data that will provide an

account or description of Individuals, groups or situations.

Respondents of the study

The respondents of the study were the students and commuters of Poblacion,

San Pascual District, sixty (60) students and commuters all form San

PascualSenior High School 1 and residence ofPoblacion, San Pascual, were

chosen as the respondents. The sampling technique was used to this study is

simple random technique.

Data Gathering Instruments

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The researchers gathered information from internet and related studies of

unpublished thesis in the field of traffic light simulator. The Instrument that were

used in gathering data was survey questionnaire. The questionnaire underwent

the process of construction, validation, administration and rating.

Questionnaire

The study used a research made questionnaire as the primary tool in gathering

data.

Construction of Questionnaire. The researcher constructed a survey

questionnaire it also included ranking and rating scales which were in

accordance to the traffic situation, daily routine and factors about the propose

project of traffic light simulator in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas

Validation of Questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated through

the help of experts in this field. Comments and suggestions were incorporated in

the questionnaire.

Administration of Questionnaire. After the approval, the final draft of

the questionnaire was reproduced to the target to the target respondents. The

research administered the questionnaire after being granted approval by the

adviser and the school head.

Scoring of Responses. To determine the efficiency of how traffic

situation affects the commuters in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas. The scale

below was use:

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Weighted mean Interpretation

3.50-4.00 Very efficient

2.50-3.49 Efficient

1.50-2.49 Slightly not efficient

1-1.49 Not efficient at all

To determine the extent of how the commuters daily routine affected by

the traffic. The scale below was use:

Weighted mean Interpretation

3.50-4.00 Very great extent

2.50-3.49 Great extent

1.50-2.49 Moderate extent

1-1.49 Less extent

To determine the factors that the commuters being affected.The scale below was

use:

Ranking 1-13

Data Gathering Procedure

The needed data for the study was gathered by securing a permit from the

school administration to conduct a survey. After securing the said permit, the

researchers administered the questionnaires to the respondents, after giving

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them some background information of what our intentions and what is the study

all about.

Statistical Treatment of Data

In order to scientifically interpret the data gathered, the following statistical tools

were used.

Weighted mean. This was used to determine the level of effect and awareness

in traffic situation

Average. This was used to determine the overall scores for ranking.

Ranking. This was used to determine what the common reason why the traffic

affect the commuters.

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter includes the presentation, analysis, and interpretation

of the gathered data. The discussion of the findings are patterned in a

manner that has equivalence with the organization of the problems post in

the study.

1. In traffic situation in Poblacion, San Pascual,Batangas Table 1

present the description of the traffic situation in Poblacion, San pascual,

Batangas in terms of availability of vehicle, length of travel, and efficiency

of time allotment.

Table 1

Traffic Situation

Traffic situation Weighted mean Interpretation

1.1. Availability of 3 Efficient

vehicle

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1.2. Length of travel 2 Slightly not

efficient

1.3. Efficiency of time 3 Efficient

allotment

It is shown in the table above that the traffic situation in Poblacion,

San Pascual, Batangasis mostly efficient when it comes to efficiency of

time allotment and availability of vehicle while the length of travel is only

slightly not efficient

Based on the research of (A. Halim 2013) the number of vehicles in

queue and average waiting time of low traffic volume is lower than high

traffic volume.

2. Extent of effect of the traffic condition in the daily routine.

Table 2

Daily Routine

Daily routine Weighted mean Interpretation

1.Going to 3 Great Extent

market

2.Going to work 2 Moderate Extent

3.Taking 3 Great Extent

children to

school

4.Picking up 3 Great Extent

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children from

school

5.Hanging out 2 Moderate Extent

or meeting

others

6.Business 2 Moderate Extent

meeting

Based on the table that given, the table show the result that the

commuters opinion is even, showing that half of them are affected the

daily routine and half of them is not necessary affected the daily routine.

Based on the research of (Liu Ning, Xing Enchong, Zhao xin 2010)

the traffic jam has been seriously affected the people’s daily life.

3. Factors that affect the traffic condition.

This are the average of every factors that affect the traffic situation

in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas. This table below show the result of

the researcher’s survey questionnaire.

Table 3

Factors that Affects the Traffic Condition

Factors Average Rank

1. Number of passengers 4.42 13

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2.Number of pedestrians 7.73 4

3.Availability of pedestrian lanes 8.48 3

4.Acident prone area/s 7.4 8

5.Volume of vehicles 5.53 11

6.Attitude of drivers 4.63 12

7.Distance from the market 7.25 6

8.Availability of police man/traffic 8.57 2

management officer

9.Width of roads 6.37 10

10.Availability of loading and unloading 7.17 7

area

11.Availability of road signs 6.72 9

12.Existing policies of municipality 9.28 1

13.Nearness to busy area like school 7.33 5

The table above show the ranking of each factors from least to

greatest from each average of the factors. The greatest factors is Existing

policies of municipality.

Based on the study of (Prof. Mrs. Vidyapatil 2016) that the traffic

management on the road has become a severe problem of today’s

society. An efficient traffic management technique is needed to reduce

waiting and travelling times, save fuel and money.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary, findings, and conclusions that are

drawn from the gathered data. The recommendations are also provided by this

chapter.

Summary

This study aimed to determine the traffic situation or condition in

Poblacion, San Pascual,Batangas.
Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. How the respondents describe the traffic situation in Poblacion, San

Pascual, Batangas in terms of:

1.1. Availability of vehicles

1.2. Length of travel

1.3. Efficiency of time allotment

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2. To what extent does the present traffic condition affect the

commuter’s daily routine?

3. What are the factors that affect the traffic condition in the area?

4. What traffic light simulator system may be proposed to improve

traffic situation in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas.

The researchers used the descriptive type of research, with the survey-

questionnaire as the main tool in gathering data. According to Polit&Hungler,

(1999). This type of research describes what exists and may help to uncover

news facts and meaning. This involves the collection of data that will provide an

account or description of Individuals, groups or situations.The respondents of the

study were the students and commuters of Poblacion, San Pascual District, sixty

(60) students and commuters all form San Pascual Senior High School 1 and

residence of Poblacion, San Pascual, were chosen as the respondents. The

sampling technique was used to this study is simple random respondents.

Findings

After data were gathered, analyzed, tabulated and statistically treated, the

researchers arrived at the following findings:

1. Traffic Situation

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Availability of vehicles. The researchers found out that the availability of

the vehicles in Poblacion San Pascual Batangas is efficient base on its result that

the researchers gathered.

Length of travel. Based on data gathered, the length of travel is slightly not

efficient, means length of travel is not that efficient to affect the traffic situation.

Efficiency of time allotment. Based on the gathered data efficiency of time

allotment is one of the major factor if there is a traffic.

2. Extent of effect of the traffic condition in the daily routine.

It was found out that the Extent of effect of the traffic condition in the

daily routine is moderately extent, means that the traffic condition in Poblacion,

San Pascual, Batangas does not affect the commuters daily routine.

3. Factors that affect the traffic condition.

It was found out the factors affect in the traffic condition in Poblacion

San PascualBatangas is because the existing policies of municipality was not

enough. This was revealed by the average of 9.28, with the rank of 1 in overall

ranking.

Conclusions

In light of the significant findings revealed in the study, the following were the

conclusion formed.

1. The traffic situation that mostly happens in Poblacion San Pascual

Batangas is the availability and efficiency of time allotment. This are the

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reasons why some areas of Poblacion San Pascual Batangas experience

a traffic.

2. The extent of traffic situation in Poblacion San PascualBatangas

Does not totally affect the daily routines of the people in Poblacion San

Pascual Batangas.

3. The factor that mostly affect the traffic condition in Poblacion San Pascual

is the existence of the policies in municipalities because it is not enough to

control the traffic and those attitude drivers.

Recommendation

Considering the significant findings revealed and conductions drawn in the study,

the following recommendations are hereby offered.

1. The availability of traffic light in Poblacion, San Pascual is to lessen the

traffic condition in every intersections in San Pascual. Traffic light is

one of the most helpful tools in every vehicle by giving them a signals.

When to go and when to stop.

2. To the traffic enforcers the traffic light can help them to control the

traffic easily and they can secure their safety in the middle of the

highway or intersection.

3. To Commuters. To lessen the time they spending in traffic, so their

time will not be wasted on traffic.

4. Existing policies of municipality in Poblacion, San Pascual, Batangas

will be helpful to lay hands on those attitude drivers.

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5. For the students. To help them not to get late to school.

6. For the drivers they can travel easily and enter in every intersections in

poblacion sanpascual because of the help of traffic light.

References

1.Abdos et al.A self-organizingsystem forurbantrafficcontrolbased on predictive

interval microscopic modelhttps://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1406/1406.1128.pdf

2.A. halim.Improved discrete event simulation model of traffic light control on a

single intersection.http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6632548/?reload=true

3.Corleto. Timing light sequenceshttps://www.allaboutcircuits.com/projects/build-

a-traffic-light-controller-with-an-arduino-mega/
4.D.krajeweiz. Simulation of modern traffic light
systems.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224797745_Simulation_of_mo
dern_Traffic_Lights_Control_Systems_using_the_open_source_Traffic_Simulatio
n_SUMO
5. Hamilton. A self-organizingsystem forurbantrafficcontrolbased on predictive
interval microscopic modelhttps://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1406/1406.1128.pdf
6. Hayashida. Traffic light simulator. https://pypi.python.org/pypi/traffic-light-
simulator/0.1.2
7. J.Shidhar. Design and simulation of power efficient traffic light controller.
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6828157/
8.Kazama. Evaluating a signal control
system.https://www.mssanz.org.au/MODSIM07/papers/55_s53/EvaluatingASig
nals53_Kazama_l.pdf

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name : Justine C. Aguilar

Date of Birth : May 10, 1999

Place of Birth :Sta. Mesa, Mabini, Batangas

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Parents : Danny M. Aguilar

Analyn C. Aguilar

Brothers/Sisters : Abegail C. Aguilar

Josh C. Aguilar

Address: San Antonio San Pascual Batangas

Educational Attainment

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Elementary San Antonio Elementary 2006-2011

School
High School San Pascual National 2011-2015
High School
Senior Highschool San Pascual Senior 2016-2018
High School 1

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name : Jhon Mark C. Mauhay

Date of Birth : March 22, 1999

Place of Birth : Poblacion San Pascual Batangas

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Parents : Mario B. Mauhay

: Aurora C. Mauhay

Brothers/Sisters : Jhonel C. Mauhay

: Jonnalyn C. Mauhay

: Annalyn C. Mauhay

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 SAN PASCUAL SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL I

: Mylene C. Mauhay

: Marvin C. Mauhay

: Marie C. Mauhay

: Shiela C. Mauhay

: Cecille C. Mauhay

Address: Poblacion San Pascual Batangas

Educational Attainment
Elementary San Pascual Central 2006-2011
School
High School San PAscual National 2011-2015
High School
Senior Highschool Present
CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name : Jerome M. Vega

Date of Birth : May 1, 2000

Place of Birth : Bauan, Batangas

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Parents : Rialyn M. Vega

Joey Vega

Address : Manghinao Proper, Bauan, Batangas

Educational Attainment

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 SAN PASCUAL SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL I

Elementary Manghinao Elementary 2006-2012

School
High School San Pascual National 2012-2016
High School
Senior Highschool San Pascual Senior 2016-2018
High School

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name : John Paul E. Manalo

Date of Birth : April 7, 1999

Place of Birth : Bolbok Batangas, City

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Parents : Mr. Jaime A. Manalo

Carmen E. Manalo

Brothers/Sisters : Catherine E. Manalo,

Jimwell E. Manalo,

James Allen E. Manalo

Address : Bolbok, Batangas.

Educational Attainment

Elementary Bolbok Elementary 2006-2011

School
High School San Pascual National 2011-2015
High School
Senior Highschool San Pascual Senior 2016-2018
High School

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CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Data

Name : Eleazar Joseph B. Aringo

Date of Birth : April 4,1994

Place of Birth : Batangas city

Civil Status : Single

Sex : Male

Parents : Maria Agnes B. Aringo

: Alexander L. Aringo
Brothers/Sisters : Angelica Bianea B. Aringo

Address : Bolo, Bauan, Batangas

Educational Attainment

Elementary Bauan east central 2009-2010

school
High School San Pascual Junior High 2016-2017
School
Senior Highschool San Pascual Senior Present
High School

44