Department of Mathematics and Philosophy of Engineering

MHZ3531 Engineering Mathematics IA

Assignment No.02
Due Date: 29/08/2018 Academic Year: 2017/2018

Instructions
 Answer all questions.
 Attach the cover page with your answer scripts.
 Use both sides of paper when you are doing the assignment.
 Please send the answer scripts of your assignment on or before the due date to the
following address.
Course Coordinator – MHZ3531,
Dept. of Mathematics & Philosophy of Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering Technology,
The Open University of Sri Lanka,
Nawala,
P.O. Box 21,
Nugegoda.

01. (a).Show that the following differential equations are exact and find their solutions.

(i). (2𝑥𝑦 + 1)dx + (x 2 + 4y)dy = 0

(ii).(𝑦 sin 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 cos 𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 sin 𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0

(b).Solve the following differential equations.

𝑑𝑦
(i). 𝑥𝑦 2 = x 3 + y 3 given that 𝑦 = 2 when 𝑥 = 1.
𝑑𝑥

1
 𝑑𝑦 𝜋
(ii). (1 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) sin 𝑦 + cos 𝑦 = 0 given that 𝑦 = when 𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥 4
𝑑𝑦
(iii). = 𝑦(1 − 3x2 ) when 𝑦(2) = 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(iv). -2 - 8𝑦 = 0 when 𝑦(0) = 0 and 𝑦′(0) = 6
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(v). +4 + 4𝑦 = 0 when 𝑦(0) = 1 and 𝑦′(0) = 4
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

(c). Solve the following differential equations by using integrating factor method.

𝑑𝑦
(i). −(𝑡 − 1)𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢 2𝑥𝑢
(ii). =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 +2

02. (a).Using the characteristic equation, prove that the general solution of the
differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+4 +5𝑦 = 0 is 𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝐴 cos 𝛽𝑥 + 𝐵 sin 𝛽𝑥 ) , where A and B are
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
arbitrary constants.

If 𝑦(0) = 2 and 𝑦 ′ (0) = 1, then find the solution.

(b).An object is dropped from a height of 500 m. Using mathematical models, find
time that the object reach ground level and it’s speed. (use 𝑔 = −9.81𝑚/𝑠 2 )

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03. (a).(i).Sketch the graphs of 𝑦 = cosec 𝑥 and 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 1 in the same diagram, where
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x is in radians. Hence, show that the equation cosec 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 1 has a root 𝛼
2
1
in the interval 0 < 𝑥 < 2 𝜋.

(ii).Verify, by calculation, that 𝛼 lies between 0.5 and 1.

2 1
(iii).Show that 𝑥𝑛+1 = sin−1 (𝑥 ) is an iterative formula for cosec 𝑥 = 𝑥+1
𝑛 +2 2

(iv).Using the above iterative formula and with the initial value 0 ∙ 75 , find the
value of 𝛼 correct to nine decimal places.

2
 (b). Using Newton-Raphson method, find an iterative formula to calculate the square
root of a positive constant c.
Hence, calculate √5 correct to nine decimal places. Take 𝑥0 = 2 .

04. (a).The values of the function 𝑓(𝑥) are given in the following table.

𝑥𝑖 1 -2 -1 2
𝑓(𝑥𝑖 ) 0 15 0 9

Construct the Lagrange form of the cubic polynomial which satisfies with the set
of data given above.

(b).Find Newton’s backward difference interpolation formula which takes the

following values;

𝑦(1) = 24 , 𝑦(3) = 120, 𝑦(5) = 336 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦(7) = 720.

(c).Suppose that a function 𝑓(𝑥) acquires the following values for a given x values in
a lab experiment.

𝑥 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

𝑓(𝑥) 1 1.01 1.04 1.09 1.16

0.4
Use the following methods to approximate ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥.
(i). Trapezoidal rule
(ii).Simpson’s rule

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