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CH5 - Lec9 Mechanical Mofification Compaction PDF
CH5 - Lec9 Mechanical Mofification Compaction PDF
Mechanical Modification
Methods of Compaction
• Laboratory Procedure
• Hydromechanical Compaction
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SOIL COMPACTION
It is the most obvious and simple way of
increasing the stability and supporting
capacity of soil (improving the physical
properties of soil)
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Consolidation is another kind of densification
with fluid flow away.
Types of Action
* Ramming
* Vibration
* Static Rollers
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Ramming
Rammers have a low frequency (800
blows/minute), and a higher stroke (1.5"
to 3.5“ height).
Vibration
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Compaction improves characteristics of soils:
1- Increases Strength
2- Decreases permeability
3- Reduces settlement of foundation
4- Increases slope stability of
embankments
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Laboratory Procedure
Generally before any soil compaction occurs,
various samples of the proposed embankment
or fill are analyzed in the Lab.
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The Standard Proctor Test is generally used for
fills requiring the minimal sub-grade
compaction, such as
• small parking lots, and
• building structures.
• Roadways,
• Airport Runways, and
• Concrete Parking Aprons.
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Generally a contractor is given a percentage of
optimum compaction that must be attained in
the field.
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NUCLEAR DENSITY TEST
It consists of a special device that send out
gamma rays and detects how they travel
through the soil.
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The four most common types of rollers are:
Sheepsfoot Roller
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The number of passes necessary for this type
of roller to obtain the required densities must
be determined for each type of soil
encountered.
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Steel-Wheeled Roller
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Steel-Wheeled Roller
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Rubber Tired Rollers
Tamping-Foot Roller
A tamping-foot roller is a modification of
the sheepsfoot roller. The tamping feet
are trapezoidal pads attached to a drum.
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Tamping-
Tamping-Foot Roller
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Pneumatic rubber-tired roller
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Rammers
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SOME SIMPLE RULES ON COMPACTION AND
CONSOLIDATION
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