Virus Species General features
Control
DNA Virus Polyomavirus  Virion: icosahedral,
Bk, Jc, SV40 naked, dsDNA, circular
 Proteins: 2; histones (+)
 Envelope: none
 Replication: nucleus
Papilloma virus  Virion: icosahedral,
naked, dsDNA, circular
 Proteins: 3; histones (+)
 Envelope: none
 Replication: nucleus
 200
o 16, 18 – high risk for
carcinoma
o 31, 33 - oncogenic
 Replication
o Occurs at cutaneous
and mucosal sites
o Basal -> spinosum ->
corneum, granulosum
Herpes Viridae  Virion: spherical, naked,
dsDNA, linear
Alpha 1,2,3 – simplex  Proteins: >35
1,2,varicella-zoster  Envelope: none
Beta 5,6,7  Replication: nucleus
Gamma 8,9 – Epstein  Varicella Zoster phases
Barr, Kaposi-sarcoma- o Lytic – skin rashes
associated herpesvirus o Latent – can be
reactivated by stress
 EBV
o Transmission via
saliva
o Latent – reactivated
by
immunosuppression
 EBV cycle
Pathology Genome Diagnosis Treatment/Prevention
 Only  Virion: icosahedral,  Virion: icosahedral,  Virion: icosahedral,
immunocompromised naked, dsDNA, naked, dsDNA, circular naked, dsDNA, circular
patients get this circular
 BK virus
o Hemorrhagic cystitis –
bone marrow
o Polyoma nephropathy
– renal transplant
 Jc virus
o Brain disorder
 Merkel cell polyoma
o Merkell cell carcinoma
– skin
 KI and WU
o Non-carcinogenic
o Respiratory infection
 SV40
o Given in vaccines for
humans☹
 HPV 1,2,3,4  E7 -> targets RB  Prevention
o Common skin warts  L1 – viral antigen o Papsmear
 HPV 6,11 – genital warts seen in vaccine for o PCR for 16,18
o Common STD women  Treatment
o Nononcogenic  E6 -> targets p53 o Quadrivalent
vaccine – 16,18, 6,
 HPV 16,18 11
o 2nd most common o Bivalent – 16,18
cause of cancer in  ALWAYS PRESCRIBE
women VACCINE
o Males are carriers
only
o High incidence for
immunosuppressed
 EBV – latent  EBV proteins  EBV –
o Nasopharyngeal, o EBER: o PCR
gastric carcinoma untranslated o Isolation
o B cells: both Hodgkin RNA o Serology via ELISA,
lymphoma, burkitt o EBNA: antigen immunoblot,
o T cells lymphoma o LMP: membrane agglutination
 HHV8 – protein
o Primary effusion
lymphoma
o Multicentric castleman
disease
o Kaposi Sarcoma
 o Binding to CD21 of B
cells
o Inserts to host DNA
o Produces proteins
o Goes to germinal
center
o Stop proteins except
EBNA
o Lytic cycle again

Hepatitis B  Virion: varied, naked,  90% resolve on own  Serology
dsDNA, circular  1% fulminant hepatitis o Viremic stage – inc
 Proteins  9% chronic – mostly DNA polymerase
o HBcAg – core antigen children and HBV particles
o HBeAg - oncoprotein  Chronic if HBsAg in blood o Active hepatitis – inc
o HBsAg - surface >6months HBsAg
  Fever o Resolution – present
 Envelope: HBsAg lipid  Rash antibodies
 Replication: nucleus and  Polyarteritis  Treatment
cytoplasm  Extrahepatic disease o Interferon alpha
 Glomerulonephritis o Entecavir
o Tenofovir

o VACCINES


Hepa C  RNA TO  Mild  No vaccine

 Virion: spherical, naked,  Cirrhosis  Ribavirin
ssDNA, + sense  Hepatitis – poor  Serology
 Proteins: >35 transfusion o inc ALT
 Envelope: capsid + o inc antiHCV
 Replication: nucleus o PCR HCV

Retroviridae  Virion: spherical  Causes tumors  RNA -> DNA ->
 Proteins: reverse  Leukemia RNA pattern of
1. Alpharetrovirus – avian transcriptase  Lymphoma transcription
leukosis and sarcoma  Envelope: +  Sarcomas
virus  Replication: nucleus  HTLV 1
2. Betaretrovirus – mouse o Inhibits p53, RB
mammary tumor
3. Gammaretrovirus –
mammalian leukemia and
sarcoma virus
4. Deltaretrovirus –
human T lymphotropic
virus, bovine leukemia
virus
5. Epsilonretrovirus – fish
virus
6. Spumaretrovirus -
foamy inoculation; no
known disease process
7. Lentivirus – HIV