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CSWIP 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.2

CSWIP 3.1: Question with Answer and

Explanation – Part 3

Date: October 24, 2017 Author: Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le 1 Comment

1) In a welding procedure transverse joint tensile test the following observations
were made. The specimen CSA was recorded as 25mm x 12mm and the maximum
load applied was recorded as 150kN. What is the UTS?

a. 50kN/mm2
b. 5500N/mm2
c. ( answer ) 500N/mm2
d. 50N/mm2
Transverse tensile test:
 CSA: cross section area
UTS: ultimate tensile strength ( N/mm2; p.s.i; Mpa )

UTS = (150×1000)/(25×12) = 500N/mm2

Pls take note for unit of value.

2) In welder qualification testing of 10mm plates, 2 root and 2 face bends were test
… what course of action would you follow?

Accept them as 75% were acceptable, you are allowed

a.
one failure
b. 2 more root bends should be prepared and tested
2 more root and 2 more face bends should be
c.
prepared and tested
d. Retest the welder
Bend test: To determine the soundness of the weld zone. Bend testing can also be
used to give an assessment of weld zone ductility. There are three ways to
perform a bend test: Face bend, root bend & side bend (Generally for materials
above 12mm thickness).
 But this question is for Welder.

3) In an all weld tensile test, the original specimen gauge length was 50mm, and
after the test the increased gauge length was 60mm, what is the elongation
percentage?

a. %A is 50
b. %A is 20
c. %A is 29
d. %A is 36
E= (60-50)*100/50 = 20%. So, righ answer is “b”.
4) Some codes require the excess weld metal (weld cap) on cross weld joint
tensilespecimens to be flush, this is because:

Flushed caps will always break in the weld metal

a.
area
This is to remove any porosity in the excess weld
b.
metal (weld cap)
It is easier to calculate the cross sectional area of the
c.
joint when flushed
Flushed caps have fewer stress raisers and therefore
d. ( answer )
give a more accurate result
to be double check!

Cross weld joint tensile = Transverse Tensile Tests

Transverse Tensile Tests: these result below to be recorded:

– Type of specimen e.g. reduced section

– Whether weld reinforcement is removed

– Dimensions of test specimen

– The ultimate tensile strength in N/mm2, p.s.i or Mpa

– Location of fracture.

5) When transverse tensile testing a welded joint the excess weld metal is often
removed. This action is done to:

Allow the test piece to fit accurately into the

a.
equipment
b. ( answer ) Reduce stress concentrations to the weld toes
Allow strain gauges to be placed over the weld face
c.
area
d. Allow weld metal ductility to be measured
see previous question!

6) In welder qualification testing of 20mm plates, why are side bends used instead
of root and face bends:

a. They are easier to produce

The testing equipment cannot handle thick root/face
b.
bends
Root defects are not important for welder
c.
qualification
 d. ( answer ) They give more accurate indications

Bend test: To determine the soundness of the weld zone. Bend testing can also be
used to give an assessment of weld zone ductility.

Side bend tests are normally carried out on welds over 12mm in thickness.

When make the “Side bend”, 3 area as: root, face & side will be tested. That tests test
the full section thickness. So, it gives more accurate indications.
Specimens and testing for bend testing for butt joints shall be in accordance with EN
910.
For thicknesses < 12 mm two root and two face bend test specimens shall be tested.
For thicknesses 12 mm four side bend specimens are recommended instead of root
and face bend tests.

7) Mechanical tests are divided into two areas, identify these from the list below:

a. Destructive and non destructive tests

b. ( answer ) Qualitative and quantitative
c. Visual and mechanical
d. Qualitative and visual
Quantitative Tests: For measuring a ‘quantity’ ( a mechanical property )

Qualitative Tests: For assessing joint ‘quality’ (good fusion & free from defects)

The following mechanical tests have units and are termed quantitative tests to

measure Mechanical Properties:

Tensile tests (Transverse Welded Joint, All Weld Metal)

Toughness testing (Charpy, Izod, CTOD)
Hardness tests (Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers)

The following mechanical tests have no units and are termed qualitative tests for
assessing joint quality:

Macro testing
Bend testing
Fillet weld fracture testing
Butt weld nick-break testing
8) When examining a completed bend test, the angle of the bend was found to be
175o. The testing specification calls for the sample to have been formed through
180o.

a. The bends should be considered as falled

b. ( answer ) They should be bent to 180o then re-examined
They should be acceptable as the reduction in angle is
c.
due to material spring back
They should be rejected as the angle is not close
d.
enough to be acceptable
Follow BS EN – 910:

9) Charpy testing is carried out on a welding procedure test plate because?

It gives an indication of the through thickness

a.
ductility (in the Z direction)
The impact test results can be used to verify that the
b. ( answer ) material has not been adversely affected by the heat
of the welding
It gives an indication of the materials elongation
c.
properties
It gives a quick indication of the weld quality for
d.
welder qualification tests
Some question we need use “exclusion method”.

Charpy testing:

a) It gives an indication of the through thickness ductility (in the Z direction):  this for
STRA not Charpy impact test.
c) It gives an indication of the materials elongation properties: 

d)  It gives a quick indication of the weld quality for welder qualification tests:

welder qualification test don’t require Chapry impact test.

b) The impact test results can be used to verify that the material has not been
adversely affected by the heat of the welding: this is correct answer.
10) Charpy impact tests show a 50% rough torn surface and a 50% flat crystalline
surface after the completed test, this would indicate which type of failure?

a. Fatigue to brittle
b. ( answer ) Ductile to brittle
c. Ductile with gross yielding
d. Fatigue to ductile
Charpy impact test: These tests show that metals can be classified as being either
‘brittle’ or ‘ductile’. A brittle metal will absorb a small amount of energy when
impact tested, a tough ductile metal a large amount of energy.
Some steels may show transition characteristics in their failure mode from ductile to
brittle gradually as temperature is decreased, which is given in Figure-4
schematically. In this case different approaches may be used in determining transition
temperature but the average energy concept is the most popular one. Determination
of transition temperature can also be done by examining the fracture surfaces of
specimens tested at different temperatures. For example the temperature, at which
the fracture surface consists 50 percent cleavage (crystalline) and 50 percent ductile
(fibrous) types of fracture, is called fracture appearance transition temperature
(FATT). Another common criterion is to determine the transition temperature on the
basis of an arbitrary energy absorbed.

Pls see next part!

CSWIP 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.2

Published by Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le

-QA/QC in offshore / ship building / welding field -Worked at Triyards -Worked at

Hyundai Vinashin View all posts by Thanh ( QC ) Nguyen Le
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