mathcity.org Exercise 4.

2 (Solutions)
Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12
Merging man and maths Available online @ http://www.mathcity.org, Version: 1.1.0

Question # 1(i) 1 1
O′ ( h, k ) = O′  , − 
Since P ( x, y ) = P ( 3, 2 )  4 6
i.e. x = 3 and y = 2 1 1
⇒ h = and k = −
4 6
O′ ( h, k ) = O′ (1, 3)
Q X = x−h
i.e. h = 1 and k = 3 3 1
Q X = x−h ⇒ − = x−
4 4
= 3 −1 = 2 3 1 1
Also Y = y − k ⇒ x = − + ⇒ x = −
4 4 2
= 2 − 3 = −1 Also Y = y − k
Hence ( 2, −1) is point P in XY − coordinates. 7 1
⇒ − = y+
6 6
Question # 1(ii) & (iii) 7 1 4
Do yourself ⇒ y =− − ⇒ y =−
6 6 3
Question # 1(iv)  1 4
Hence  − , −  is the required point.
3 5  2 3
Since P ( x, y ) = P  , 
2 2 Question # 2(iv)
3 5 Do yourself
i.e. x = and y =
2 2
 1 7 Rotation of Axes
O′ ( h, k ) = O′  − ,  Let ( x, y ) be the coordinates of point P in
 2 2
xy-coordinate system. If the axes are rotated
1 7
i.e. h = − and k =
2 2 through at angle of θ and ( X , Y ) are coordinate
Q X = x−h of P in new XY-coordinate system then
3  1 X = x cos θ + y sin θ
= −−  = 2 Y = y cos θ − x sin θ
2  2
And Y = y − k Question # 3(i)
= −
5 7
= −1 Q P ( x, y ) = P ( 5,3)
2 2
⇒ x = 5 & y = 3 , θ = 45o
Hence ( 2, −1) are coordinates of P in XY -axes.
Since X = x cos θ + y sin θ
Question # 2(i) = 5cos 45o + 3sin 45o
Q P ( X , Y ) = P ( 8,10 )  1   1  1
⇒ X = 8 and Y = 10
= 5  + 3  = ( 5 + 3)
 2  2 2
O′ ( h, k ) = O′ ( 3, 4 ) 8 4× 2
= = = 4 2
⇒ h = 3 and k = 4 2 2
Q X = x−h Now Y = y cos θ − x sin θ
⇒ 8 = x−3 = 3cos 45o − 5sin 45o
⇒ x = 8+3 ⇒ x = 11
 1   1  1
Also Y = y − k = 3  − 5 = (3 − 5)
 2  2 2
⇒ 10 = y − 4
 1 
⇒ y = 10 + 4 ⇒ y = 14 = − 2  = − 2
Hence (11,14 ) are coordinates of P in xy -axes.  2
(
Hence the required point is 4 2, − 2 . )
Question # 2(ii)
Do yourself Question # 3(ii)
Q P ( x, y ) = P ( 3, −7 )
Question # 2(iii)
 3 7 ⇒ x = 3 & y = −7 , θ = 30o
Q P ( X ,Y ) = P  − , − 
 4 6 Since X = x cos θ + y sin θ
3 7 = 3cos 30o − 7sin 30o
⇒ X = − and Y = −
4 6
FSc-II / Ex- 4.2 - 2

 3  1  3 1
⇒ X = 3  −7  = 15   + 10  
 2   2  2  2
3 3 −7 15 3 + 10
= =
2 2
Now Y = y cos θ − x sin θ Y = y cos θ − x sin θ
= − 7 cos 30o − 3sin 30o  3 1
= 10   − 15  
 3  1 −7 3 − 3  2  2
= − 7  − 3  =
 2  2 2
=
10 3 − 15
Hence the required point is 2
 3 3 − 7 −7 3 − 3  Hence the required point is
 2 , 2 .  15 3 + 10 10 3 − 15 
  = 2
,
2 .
 
Question # 3(iii)
Do yourself Question # 4(i)
Q P ( X , Y ) = P ( −5, 3)
Question # 3(iv)
⇒ X = −5 & Y = 3
Q P ( x, y ) = P (15,10 )
⇒ x = 15 & y = 10 Also θ = 30o
y 1
−1  1  tan θ = = 1
Therefore sin θ = & cos θ =
3
Also θ = tan   x 3 2 2
3 ⇒ x = 3 , y =1 Now X = x cos θ + y sin θ
1
⇒ tan θ = r = x2 + y 2  3 1
3 ⇒ − 5 = x  + y 
1 = 32 + 12  2  2
sin θ 10
⇒ = = 10 ⇒ 3x + y = − 10 …….. (i)
cos θ 3
10 Also Y = y cos θ − x sin θ
1 3  3 1
⇒ sin θ = , cos θ = ⇒ 3 = y  − x 
10 10  2  2
Now X = x cos θ + y sin θ
⇒ 6 = 3y − x
 3   1 
= 15   + 10   ⇒ x = 3 y − 6 ……… (ii)
 10   10  Putting value of x in (i)
=
1
10
( 45 + 10 ) = 55
10
3 ( )
3 y − 6 + y = − 10

Y = y cos θ − x sin θ ⇒ 3 y − 6 3 + y = − 10
 3   1  ⇒ 4 y = − 10 + 6 3
= 10   − 15  
 10   10  −10 + 6 3
⇒ y =
1 4
= ( 30 − 15 ) = 15 −5 + 3 3
10 10 =
2
 55 15 
Hence the required point is  , . Putting value of y in (ii)
 10 10 
 −5 + 3 3 
x = 3 −6
Question # 3(iv) (Edition 2007)  2 
Q P ( x, y ) = P (15,10 ) −5 3 + 9 −5 3 + 9 − 12
= −6 =
⇒ x = 15 & y = 10 y
tan θ = =
1 2 2
 1  x 3 −5 3 − 3
Also θ = tan −1  =
 ⇒ x = 3 , y =1 2
 3
 −5 3 − 3 −5 + 3 3 
⇒ tan θ =
1 r = x2 + y 2 Hence  ,  is required point.
 2 2 
3
( )
2
1 = 3 + 12
sin θ Question # 4(ii)
⇒ = 2
cos θ 3 = 4=2 Do yourself
2
Question # 4(iii)
1 3
⇒ sin θ = , cos θ =  2 7
2 2 Since P ( X , Y ) = P  − , 
Now X = x cos θ + y sin θ  13 13 
 FSc-II / Ex- 4.2 - 3

2 7
⇒ X =− & Y= y 5
13 13 tan θ = =
x 12
5
Now θ = arctan ⇒ x = 12 , y = 5
12
5 r = x2 + y 2
⇒ tan θ =
12
= 122 + 52
5
sin θ = 169 = 13
⇒ = 13
cos θ 12
13
5 12
⇒ sin θ = and cos θ =
13 13
Now do yourself as above.

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