General

Human Factor
KK-501
Oleh : Sani Sanjaya, ST,MT

Agustus 2017
Outline
The needs of HF

Incidents atributable to HF

Murphy’s law
The needs of HF (Human Factors)
Definition of Human Factors

Disiplin ilmu yang mempelajari perilaku manusia secara fisik dan

psikologi dan hubungannya dengan suatu lingkungan atau teknologi
khusus bisa berupa produk, pekerjaan, jasa dsb
The needs of HF (Human Factors)
History of Human Factors

• Early military work on designing

weapons and uniforms

• Time and motion studies (Frank and

Lillian Gilbreth)

• World War II aircraft cockpit controls and

displays

• Establishment of Human Factors Society

(1957)

• Military systems and

consumer products
The needs of HF (Human Factors)
Regulation related to Human Factors

ICAO Annex 1 chapter 4

CASR 65 (syllabi) Appendix B
CASR 121.375
CASR 135.375
CASR 145.41(b)
Advisory Circular 65-02
DSKU/1283/PWT/01, 23-08-2001
Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
Accident vs Incident

Accident vs incident in AVIATION ?

Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
American Airlines Flight191 Tujuan Instruksi Umum (TIU)

25 May 1979, 15:04 “Engine and pylon separated from aircraft

Chicago O’Hare IL during takeoff. Loss of hydraulics to slats.
American Airlines Flight 191
A/C type: DC 10-10 N10AA Aircraft rolled and crashed. Highest single
Aboard: 271 Fatal, Ground: 2 plane death toll in U.S. aviation history.”

Maintenance-induced damage to the pylon.

Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
Error evolution

“Technology may advance but people

remain the same”
Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
Heinrich Ratio
 Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
Accident factor

HUMAN FACTOR TRAINING MANUAL FIRST EDITION-1998 ICAO Doc 9683-AN/950

 Pilot deviation from standard procedures 33 %

 In adequate cross-check by second pilot 26 %
 Design faults 13 %
 Maintenance & inspection deficiencies 12 %
 Absence of approach guidance 10 %
 Captain ignore crew inputs 10 %
 Improver crew response during abnormal conditions 09 %
 Insufficient or incorrect weather information 08 %
 Runway hazards 07 %
 Improver decision to land 06 %
 ATC/ flight crew communication deficiencies 06 %
Incidents atributable to HF (Human Factors)
Accident cost

 Berapa yang terluka … ?

 Berapa yang meninggal … ?
 Siapa pilotnya … ?
 Bgm maintenance-nya … ?
 Bgm pengelolaan Flight Safety-nya … ?
 dst … dst …

… AKHIRNYA CITRA/ IMAGE

PERUSAHAAN AKAN RUSAK …
Murphy’s Law
Definition & related to Human Factors

If there are two or more ways to do something,

and one of those ways can result in a
catastrophe, then someone will do it.

“If Anything can goes wrong , it will”

Edward Aloysious Murphy,Jr