THE SOCRATIC INQUIRY

The Official Weekly Newsletter of the Socrates Journal

VOL. 1 ISSUE 2 2019 (NOV 04-NOV 10)

Advisory Committee
Editor Prof. Michael David Sollars, Chair-Department of
Dr. Michelle L. Blakely English, Texas Southern University, USA
Assistant Editor, Journal Section - Political Science E-Mail: mdsollars@socratesjournal.com
Assistant Professor of Social and Administrative Prof. Inderjeet Singh Sodhi, Professor (Public
Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Administration) & Head Department of Local
Wyoming, USA Governance, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth
Email: michelle.blakely@socratesjournal.com Development, Sriperumbudur, India
E-Mail:inderjeet@socratesjournal.com
Assistant Editor Olivera Z. Mijuskovic, Professor, PhM, M.Sc. in
Dr. Curtis R. Blakely  Bioethics and Medical Ethics, Belgrade, Serbia, E-Mail:
Criminal Justice Lecturer olivera.z.mijuskovic@socratesjournal.com
University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA Prof. Viviana Yaccuzzi Polisena, Professor of
E-Mail: cblakely@socratesjournal.com Philosophy, UNNE-SORBONNE-UCC-UCA, Argentina. E-
Mail: vivianayaccuzzi@socratesjournal.com
Gamze Nesipoğlu, Researcher at Istanbul University,
Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine Department of History
of Medicine and Ethics, Istanbul, Turkey
E-Mail: gamzeturkey@socratesjournal.com

IN THIS ISSUE
From the Editor

Featured Article

New Internship Opportunities

Upcoming Conferences/Workshops

Call for Papers

Date of Publication : Sunday 10 November 2019

 VOL. 1 ISSUE 2 2019 (NOV 04-NOV 10)

FROM THE EDITOR

WELCOME TO THE SECOND ISSUE OF

THE SOCRATIC INQUIRY!
The Editorial Team for The Socratic Inquiry has received an overwhelming
number of emails in support of our efforts.  Thank you! As always, we are
glad to hear from you.  Suggestions are always welcomed as are comments
about content.  Please take a few moments and read our featured article
entitled, The Jurisprudence of Outer Space:  The Role of the International
Community in Governing Extra-Terrestrial Activities.  It addresses a topic that
few of us have contemplated.  I hope that you will find it as interesting and
informative as I have.  Feel free to direct any correspondence regarding the
article to its author.

You will also note that The Socratic Inquiry has begun an Internship Program - we are currently seeking
applicants (please see pages 6-9 of this newsletter for more information).  This internship program
provides interested students with a great opportunity to collaborate with international scholars who have
a passion for working closely with young academics.  Many of these scholars are leaders in their fields and
are recognized worldwide.

It is our continued hope that as your read the following pages, you will identify materials that may be
appropriate for inclusion in future issues.  If so, please submit your news items, research notes, or brief
papers to the appropriate Advisory Committee member or directly through Socrates e-journal's website.
We look forward to hearing from you!

Warm regards,

Michelle

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FEATURED ARTICLE
THE JURISPRUDENCE OF OUTER SPACE:
THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY IN GOVERNING EXTRA-
TERRESTRIAL ACTIVITIES
Curtis R Blakely, PhD

University of Wyoming, USA

Few areas of inquiry are less understood than those pertaining to the regulation of
space.  Methods to govern civil, commercial and military space endeavors have yet to be
fully developed.  With the launching of Sputnik 1, a race to space began that continues
today.  Mankind’s increasing ability to explore the lunar surface as well as those of other
planets raises questions about how the interests of space-faring countries should be
weighed against those of other nations.  No longer is space the sole domain of the U.S.,
China or Russia, instead it is increasingly being visited by other states as well. Thus, the
participation of the international community in the creation of laws controlling space
must increase.  Traditionally, the United Nations has served as the forum for these
endeavors, yet there is little incentive for nations to abide by its treaties.  Thus, it would
be beneficial for the international community to collectively develop a set of laws
governing space activities and to make these laws enforceable under threat of penalty. 
Similarly, a global space program could be created which would eliminate many of the
inherent concerns related to the regulation of space.
 

Keywords: International Space Station, Moon Agreement, Outer Space, Space Law,

United Nations

With increased attention on U.S. and international space programs, there is a growing interest in space law.  Space
law is defined as those agreements or recognized approaches that regulate human activity outside the Earth’s
atmosphere including those pertaining to civil, commercial and military endeavors.  While interest in this subject is
gaining momentum globally, it remains a relatively unknown topic to many of us within the fields of criminal justice,
international law, and public policy.  In approaching this topic, it appears prudent to provide a brief history of space
law, offer examples of these laws, and then mention a few contemporary concerns. Finally, a short commentary on
the future of this specialized area of jurisprudence will be offered.  The overall purpose of this paper is to introduce
readers to this developing topic.

A Brief History
While many of us have seen space footage, documentaries, and even various forms of space-related entertainment,
few of us give thought to how activities occurring in space are governed.  After all, we think of crime as a terrestrial
phenomenon and mankind’s providence being Earth-based.   Yet, there is a vast amount of literature pertaining to the
handling of both civil and criminal matters that may occur in space or are the result of associated activities.

The development of space law began immediately after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite
placed into orbit (1957).   This event forced the United States to increase expenditures on its space program and to

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develop rudimentary space laws as early as 1958, approximately 11 years prior to the Apollo 11 mission that placed men

on the lunar surface.  This initial law, referred to as the National Aeronautics and Space Act, established the groundwork for

the regulation of mankind’s presence in space.

Since its passage, additional laws have been adopted to address the establishment and operation of the International
Space Station (ISS) as well as the regulation of commercial activities in space including those pertaining to transportation
and mining (among other concerns).* For example, there is currently an international agreement (1998) that specifies

legal authority aboard and in proximity to the ISS. Canada, the United States, Russia, the European Partner States, and
Japan have all agreed that under certain conditions, an ISS astronaut can be subjected to the jurisdiction and prosecution

of an injured state if he/she is negligent or purposely commits a crime. However, the primary focus of this paper is on
nations that intentionally violate existing treaties/agreements.

Examples of Space Law and Contemporary Concerns

The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) can trace its creation to resolution 1348 (XIII) (1958).  Located
in Vienna, Austria, this Office is responsible for the promotion of the peaceful exploration of space and the sharing and

beneficial use of space-related objects and technologies.  Additionally, this Office is active in promoting practices that are

intended to benefit all humanity.  UNOOSA has been instrumental in developing international treaties to advance these
causes including the:

Treaty on Principles Governing Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space Including the Moon
and Other Celestial Bodies (commonly referred to as the Outer Space Treaty of 1967),
Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, Return of Astronauts, and the Return of Objects Launched into Space
(1968),

Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (1972),

Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1976), and the

Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (commonly referred to as
the Moon Agreement) (1984).

A few examples of the stipulations that these treaties create include the following:

The exploration of space shall be for the benefit of all countries (and astronauts are to be regarded as
envoys of all mankind),

No nation may claim sovereignty of space or its objects by any means including occupation,
Weapons, including nuclear, shall not be placed into orbit nor are they to be placed on any space object or
celestial body,

Military maneuvers and the establishment of military bases on celestial bodies or the testing of any weapon
in space is forbidden,

The Moon and other celestial bodies shall be used only for peaceful purposes, and

A nation is to render humanitarian assistance to astronauts in distress and return personnel and their
equipment to the launching nation if an emergency landing has occurred within its territory.

The Moon Agreement stipulates that the Moon is not, cannot, and will not be considered the property of any nation.
Instead, its exploration and use shall be for the benefit of all people. This Agreement clearly prohibits the weaponization

of space as well as the placement of arms on the lunar surface.  Countries including Austria, France and India support this

Act.  However, questions have long existed as to whether it is internationally binding – after all, the United States, the
People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation have each refused to sign, abide by, or ratify this Agreement.  In

other words, of those nations that regularly engage in manned space exploration, all have chosen to remain unfettered

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from this Accord. In fact, the United States has repeatedly recognized each of the other four space treaties but has
yet to take an official position on the Moon Agreement.  A desire to place weapons into space in direct opposition to
internationally acknowledged standards of behavior is evident in former President Ronald Reagan’s Strategic Defense
Initiative (1983).  This Initiative sought to weaponize space in order to protect the United States from nuclear attack. 
While this Initiative failed, the willingness of a space-faring country to violate conventional norms persists even today. 
For example, the Moon Agreement stipulates that the harvesting of the Moon’s resources is strictly forbidden except
when governed by an international panel. This panel would ensure that a portion of all harvested lunar resources as
well as the technologies used in their acquisition would be shared with developing countries.  Yet, President Trump’s
recent position on space exploration embraces as little regulation as possible and appears to openly resist all
attempts to introduce new international arms control agreements/treaties into existing space law.  Furthermore, it
rejects the sharing of profits, resources, knowledge, and technologies resulting from the U.S. space program.  Such
an approach, as well as those taken by other space-faring nations, suggest that:

It is unlikely that any space-faring nation will voluntarily abide by, or agree to, the placement of
restrictions upon its space activities.
Any request for a space-faring nation to share resources/knowledge obtained from its space program
is likely to be ignored, especially if doing so threatens its economic or military standing.

Recent success in the development and continual operation of the ISS suggests that mankind may be approaching a
point where the creation of a global space program is possible.  Such a program, while requiring an investment by all
nations, would give each state a voice in space exploration as well as ownership in all harvested resources.   While
this approach has never previously been advocated, many of the laws pertaining to space exploration, the
development/sharing of space technologies, and the ultimate harvesting of space resources suggest that a global
space program could effectively counter the concerns identified above.  This would prevent commercial and military
space-monopolies, having positive consequences for all humanity.

The Future 
On May 11, 2018, Kenya launched its first satellite which was deployed from a Japanese module aboard the ISS.  This
event marked the first satellite ever launched under the auspices of the United Nations.  No longer is space the
unchallenged territory of the U.S., China, or Russia - instead it is increasingly becoming the domain of other nations
as well.  For example, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Iran, New Zealand, and North Korea have all been successful in
developing and launching their own spacecraft.  This suggests that:

The placement of satellites into orbit by countries other than the United States, China or Russia will
increase.  This will undoubtedly break the monopoly that these three nations currently have on the
gathering of civilian and military intelligence.
As space flight becomes more common, commercial aspects that promise profit will be undertaken.
This may create an intense competition among nations who will be tempted to assume increasingly
riskier missions to obtain resources, profits, and strategic advantages.
A “winner take all” approach might come to dominate space exploration.  This would require a closer
alignment between each nation’s civilian/commercial spheres and its military apparatus. If this were to
occur, a growing involvement by the industrial-military complex within global legal, economic and
political affairs could increase dramatically.  This could, in turn, impact international relations and
human rights on an unprecedented scale.

These observations and the speculations that they give rise too, suggest that outer space will, in the near future,
become the “new frontier” - akin to the American west.  If this is allowed to occur without appropriate regulation, or if

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states fail to recognize the jurisdiction of the United Nations, there is little doubt that some countries will reap

substantial benefits whereas others will not. Being relegated to a disadvantaged position as it relates to a lack of

resources, an inability to access scientific and technological advances, or as a result of threats created by the

presence of space-based military personnel/weaponry will only serve to stoke suspicion and fear.

Conclusion
The United Nation’s has taken the position that space exploration must be undertaken for the benefit of all people. 

This position, if accepted and adhered to, helps ensure that no nation or group of nations positions itself to unfairly
exploit the natural resources of the universe – and, in particular, those existing on the Moon.   The three countries

that are most experienced in space exploration and possess the ability to land personnel/craft on the lunar surface
have each chosen to ignore the Moon Agreement.    In fact, the Moon may become the future testing grounds for
international law pertaining to civil, commercial and military space endeavors.    The partnerships currently being
formed between the industrial and military spheres may serve to solidify the security and prosperity of some
nations while relegating others to a disadvantaged position.  If this occurs, developing nations may find themselves

unable to acquire space-harvested resources or enjoy the benefits of associated technologies. 

To counter this possibility, all members of the United Nations must recognize its treaties and strictly adhere to
them. If countries are free to disavow these laws or are permitted to ignore their requirements, future space
exploration will undoubtedly become more nationalist in nature.  Without some mechanism to ensure compliance

with internationally recognized treaties, the enforcement of these laws will remain questionable. It appears
appropriate, therefore, for the United Nations to promote a global space program that, by its very nature, would
dispel many of these concerns.

*Additions include the Commercial Space Launch Act (1984), the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act (1992), the Commercial

Space Act (1998), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act (2005), the Commercial Space
Launch Competitiveness Act (2015), and the NASA Transition Authorization Act (2017).

References
Space Policy Online, Accessed October 6, 2019.  Pace Outlines Trump Administration’s Approach to Space Development
and Law (https://spacepolicyonline.com/).

Space Policy Online, Accessed October 6, 2019.  Domestic Space Law (https://spacepolicyonline.com/).

The Space Review, Accessed October 7, 2019.  The Moon Treaty: Failed International Law or Waiting in the Shadows? 
(http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1954/1).
United Nations, Office for Outer Space Affairs, Accessed October 8, 2019.  Access to Space for All
(http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/index.html).
United Nations, Office for Outer Space Affairs, Accessed October 8. 2019.  Roles and Responsibilities
(http://www.unoosa.org/oosa/index.html).

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NEW INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

SOCRATES WEEKLY NEWSLETTER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
(DECEMBER 2019)
Work with Experts

DURATION OF THE INTERNSHIP:

ABOUT THE PROGRAM One month starting from Dec 1, 2019, to Dec 31, 2019

DEADLINE TO APPLY:
The weekly newsletter of the Socrates Journal November 20, 2019
‘The Socratic Inquiry’ is offering a one-month Duration of the internship:
NUMBER OF VACANCIES:
unpaid internship program for PhD students Ten (each supervisor will not guide more than two
and other interested scholars. interns).

The Socratic Inquiry is the official weekly INTERNSHIP LOCATION:

newsletter of the Journal Socrates. This Selected Interns will work from their own location and
newsletter is one of the mediums to inform our institution. The medium of guidance would be through
readers and researchers about the ongoing email.
research activities and progress within our
SUBJECTS:
growing network and other networks. This Any stream (preference would be given to applicants from
newsletter is being edited by Dr Michelle Humanities and Social Sciences).
Blakely, Assistant Editor Journal Section -
Political Science, Assistant Professor of Social CREDIT:
Verified certificate
and Administrative Pharmacy at the University
of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA. WORKING LANGUAGE:
English

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 VOL. 1 ISSUE 2 2019 (NOV 04-NOV 10)

ACTIVITIES:
The purpose of this internship is to enable the intern to gain work experience in the practical application
of the theoretical knowledge that he or she has already acquired. This is not an agreement of any
employment or any employment contract; the key focus of this internship is learning, not working as a
regular employee. During the internship period, the interns will work on the research activities assigned to
them by their supervisors. This is a research enhancement program, so the focus would be to enhance
the writing and research abilities of the interns.

During the internship period the interns will have to:

Read one research paper every week assigned to them by their supervisor and they will
have to write a review article on it. They will have to complete that assignment within that
week itself and their work will be evaluated by their supervisor.
Write one news article every week on the information provided by their supervisor. They
will have to complete that assignment within that week itself and their work will be
evaluated by their supervisor.
Read one book assigned to them by their supervisor during the internship period and write
a review article on it. They will have to complete this assignment within their internship
period and their work will be evaluated by the supervisor.
The interns will have to work on other academic tasks assigned to them by their supervisor.

During the entire internship period the interns would be able to produce:

Review articles News articles Book review

ENSURED PUBLICATIONS:
The suitable review articles, news articles and book reviews written by interns would be published in the
weekly newsletter 'The Socratic Inquiry' with their name and details.

INTERN'S ELIGIBILITY:
1. The applicant should be well-organized, autonomous and must have a keen interest in research.
2. Must be a PhD candidate enrolled at any institution.
3. Master's students in public policy, public administration, political sciences, social sciences or
other relevant fields of studies with good academic and publication record can also apply.
4. Must be fluent in English.
5. The applicant is free to choose his/her supervisor from the list of our available supervisors.
6. If selected for the internship program, the intern will have to work under the supervisor they have
chosen in the application. They would not be allowed to change the supervisor for the entire program.

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 VOL. 1 ISSUE 2 2019 (NOV 04-NOV 10)

SELECTION PROCESS:
All the interested candidates for this internship program will have to apply through a formal application
process. All the applications received would be forwarded to the concerned supervisor along with their CV
and other documents. Each supervisor will select not more than two applicants from the list of
applications. The decision of the supervisor will be final and any queries in this regard would not be
entertained.

CERTIFICATE OF ACCOMPLISHMENT:
Upon completion of the internship program, every successful intern will be provided with an
accomplishment certificate duly signed by the Newsletter editor and the concerned supervisor.

HOW TO APPLY:
Step-1: Complete the online application form available on the website of the Socrates Journal
at:https://www.socratesjournal.com/index.php/SOCRATES/internship-december-2019.
You would be asked to choose your supervisor in the application form itself.
Step-2: Once the application form is completed, send the following documents
to:internship@socratesjournal.com
1. Latest CV
2. Short letter explaining why you are applying and your future career plans.
3. University registration/student card with dates covering the whole period of internship.
4. Any proof of your personal identification.

REGISTRATION:
All the selected interns will have to get registered with the Journal Socrates prior to enrollment into the
internship program. A one-time non-refundable registration fee of USD 25 will be charged of every
selected intern.

FREE ONE-YEAR SUBSCRIPTION TO THE SOCRATES

JOURNAL:
A free one-year online individual subscription to the Socrates Journal will be given to the selected interns
to assist them in becoming familiar with the types of articles and quality of papers expected from them
during their internship.

CONTACT US:
If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us:

Olivera Z. Mijuskovic
Internship Incharge
Associate Editor
Journal Section – Philosophy
Socrates Journal
Email: internship@socratesjournal.com
Website: https://www.socratesjournal.com/index.php/SOCRATES/internship-december-2019

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UPCOMING CONFERENCES

THE 28TH NISPACEE ANNUAL CONFERENCE

May 14-16, 2020 - Split, Croatia
Organized in co-operation with Faculty of Law, University of Split under the auspices of the Presidency of
the Republic of Croatia of the Council of the European Union (HRPRES2020)

The Main Conference Theme "Governance and Citizens' Rights

On behalf of the organisers, the Network of Institutes and Schools of Public Administration in Central and
Eastern Europe (NISPA) and the Faculty of Law, University of Split, it is with immense pleasure that we
invite you to the 28th NISPA Annual Conference which will be held on 14-16 May 2020 in Split, Croatia.

Following the diverse and immense societal and political changes over the past years and decades
throughout the NISPAcee region, the 2020 conference and its main session, set out to reflect on the
problems of "Governance and citizens' rights in the era of Europeanisation, globalisation and
digitalisation". Our intention is to attract research papers and develop discussions on innovative and
adaptive structures and processes ensuring citizens’ rights and emerging in response to the governance
and regulation challenges within the broader frameworks of Europeanisation, globalisation and
digitalisation. The three processes – the EU and Europeanisation, the global trends shaping governance,
and, in particular, the digital transformation – are about to change the way we see our societies,
economics, and polities - in particular, our regulatory frameworks and policies, and public administrations.

The NISPAcee annual conference is expected to bring together scholars and experts of public
administration and public policy, political science, economics, law and sociology as well as those of other
related disciplinary areas. We count on, not only academics – both experienced and early stage
researchers – but also on professionals in the field. We invite all interested colleagues to discuss the key
issues of contemporary administrative development, drawing on different theoretical and methodological
perspectives. NISPAcee continues to provide a forum for discussion and learning for CEE participants
(including all countries covered by NISPAcee’s membership, the Russian Federation, Caucasus and Central
Asia), and also participants from all over the world who are able to contribute the understanding of our
key conference topics.

The Croatian Presidency of the EU council in the first half of 2020 will slightly direct our interest in the
European aspects of the above problem complex, and provide a framework for strengthening the
cooperation of European nations. We hope that the city of Split, with its long history of more than 2000
years, from the times of ancient European democracies, will provide a nurturing and enlightening
environment for each of us to engage in an inspiring exchange of views and ideas for times yet to come.

We are very much looking forward to meeting you all in Split.

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Upcoming Workshops
5TH KRAKS FOND WORKSHOP ON URBAN ECONOMICS:
MANAGING URBAN CONGESTION

The workshop focuses on quantitative methods and analysis of urban areas. The aim is to connect economists,
sociologists, geographers, management scholars, and policy makers with advanced practice interested in urban
economics. Bringing together leading experts, promising young researchers and advanced practitioners, the
workshop offers an opportunity for scientific discussion and interaction in relatively small groups.

Keynote Speakers
Matthew Turner, Professor of Economics (Brown University)
Stef Proost, Head of the research centre of energy, transport and environment (KU Leuven)

Submission of a Paper:
To present a paper at the workshop, you are expected to submit a full paper dealing with managing urban
congestion. Please submit the paper for the workshop by e-mail to ismu@kraksfond.dk with subject “managing
urban congestion” before December 2, 2019. Submissions will be evaluated by the Steering Committee. Final
acceptance is conditional upon the registration of the speaker to the workshop.

Important Dates:
Full paper submission: December 2, 2019.
Paper notification on acceptance before December 13, 2019.
Registration for attendance: January 13, 2020.
Workshop: January 24, 2020.

Contacts
Marie Lundbo, Project Manager (the Kraks Fond – Institute for Urban Economic Research), mlu@kraksfond.dk
Ismir Mulalic, Associate Professor (Technical University of Denmark and the Kraks Fond – Institute for Urban
Economic Research), ismu@kraksfond.dk.

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Call for Papers

The 2020 Annual Conference of the

Asian Association for Public Administration
(AAPA)
28th -29th May 2020, Shanghai, China
Today, with an urbanization rate of 50% in Asia, more and more people will be living in urban areas. The
rapid urbanization has led to many problems: poverty, income disparity, energy consumption, traffic
congestion, and environmental pollution and so forth. The concept of sustainable development plays an
essential role in addressing these challenges by offering a conceptual framework of promoting prosperity
and justice to achieve a more sustainable future. Urban governance is critical for achieving sustainable
development goals. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore how sustainable
development can be promoted. This conference also focuses on the good and best practices of urban
governance across cities as well as counties, which may be applicable to other regions. We need to learn
from each other by exchanging ideas, sharing best practices, and exploring new theories around the
world. The theme of this year’s conference is:

“Towards Sustainable Urban Governance in Asia: New Theory and Innovative Practice”

We are interested in soliciting proposals focusing on comparative studies to facilitate interdisciplinary and
cross-country dialogue and enrich practice on urban governance in China and other Asian countries. We
invite scholars, researchers, policymakers, professionals, and other stakeholders to share their research
and best practices on sustainable urban governance and yield practical solutions to challenges facing
Asian urban areas.

The submitted papers are suggested to focus on one of the following sub-themes:
New theoretical development on sustainable urban governance
Comparative studies on mega-city governance models
Application of sustainable concept to urban governance
The use of new technologies to reshape urban governance
Inter-jurisdictional and regional collaboration
Innovative modes of urban service delivery
Cross-sectoral collaboration to address urban challenges
Financial suitability in urban governments
Governing inclusive and equitable cities
Public policy innovations towards sustainable development
Aligning urban governance interventions and innovations to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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The 2020 AAPA Annual Conference will be jointly hosted by the Asian Association for Public
Administration (AAPA) and China Institute for Urban Governance, School of International and Public
Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University in collaboration with The China-America Association for Public
Affairs (CAAPA). The Conference will be held at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Xuhui Campus, Shanghai,
China from May 28th to 29th, 2020.

SUBMISSION GUIDANCE

We particularly encourage the submission of panel proposals on cross-country and cross-

region comparative studies. All proposals should be sent as an email attachment to
aapa2020@126.com. A panel will consist of 4-5 presenters, each speaking for approximately 15 minutes,
with 10 minutes left for discussion. Panel proposals should include: (1) session title, the chair, his/her
institutional affiliation, and the address; (2) panelists and panel abstract including references.

Single Abstracts (no more than 500 words in English) for paper presentations should be submitted
through the link http://aapa2020submission.mikecrm.com/nzYagdJ. If you encounter any issue using the
website to submit, please directly send your abstract to aapa2020@126.com. All abstracts should include:
(1) author(s) name, title, institutional affiliation, and address; (2) contacting information (email and phone);
(3) paper title and its sub-theme; and (4) abstract including references. Proposed papers should feature
high-quality theoretical, qualitative, or quantitative research. Empirical paper proposals will be evaluated
based on the significance and quality of the research question, design, methods, data, and implications.
Theoretical paper proposals will be evaluated based on the extent to which the proposal provides insight
into a compelling public management subject, identifies foundational assumptions and key concepts, and
results in meaningful critiques of accepted theory, asserts guiding propositions or testable hypotheses, or
develops helpful conceptual frameworks and research agendas.

After blind review process, letters of acceptance will be sent to authors. Full papers should be sent as an
email attachment to aapa2020@126.com no later than April 28, 2020. The conference committee will
review all submitted papers. The AAPA President will present Akira Nakamura Award, Anthony Cheung
Award to the presenter(s) who deliver the paper of the highest quality. Akira Nakamura Award will be
granted to graduate students, researchers and scholars and Anthony Cheung Award to practitioners and
public officials. To be considered for awards, the author(s) must submit the full paper to the conference
organizer by the due date, complete the registration form and make payment for the registration fee(s).
More details can be found at http://www.aapa.asia/contents/bbspage/xbd/board.php?
bo_table=m2_db4&wr_id=1

IMPORTANT DATES TO CONSIDER

Abstract/Panel Proposal Submission Deadline: January 10, 2020
Notification of acceptance/rejection to authors: February 25, 2020
Online Registration: April 8, 2020
Final Paper Submission Deadline: April 28, 2020
Conference Check-in: May 27, 2020
Conference Date and On Site Registration: May 28-29, 2020

All presenters must register for the conference in order to have their presentation scheduled in the
conference program.

REGISTRATION FEES
International Participants
General US $150
Students US $100

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 VOL. 1 ISSUE 1 2019(OCT 28-NOV03)

Chinese Participants
General RMB1000
Students RMB700

Registration fee includes attendance of the conference and membership fee to AAPA for a year and it
must be paid in full (this fee is not separable). More detailed information about the Online Registration
will be available in early January of 2020.

Conference Venue and Accommodation:

The main conference and the parallel sessions will be held at Xuhui Campus, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University, 1954 Huashan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai. More detailed information about the conference venue
will be available in due course.

For conference-related matters, please contact:

2020 AAPA Conference Local Committee
Email: aapa2020@126.com

For AAPA membership-related general matters, please contact:

Mr. Jeong Ho Yoo (Executive Secretary of AAPA) or Mr. Mingil Kim (Secretary of AAPA) in the AAPA
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For any other issue and queries, please contact the Editor of the Newsletter, Dr Michelle Blakely,
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Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA, Email: michelle.blakely@socratesjournal.com

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