LAB FILE

NAME OF STUDENT NAVEEN

ROLLNO
1621631025
B-TECH
PROGRAM
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
DEPARTMENT
ELCTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGN LAB
COURSE
REC - 752
COURSE CODE(NBA CODE)
4TH YEAR SECTION-A
YEAR
7TH
SEMESTER
2019 – 20 (ODD SEMESTER)
SESSION
TITLE : DESIGN OF A SHADOW DETECTOR WITH AN ALARM

OBJECTIVE:

The main aim and objective of the design and construction this project is to
create a comfort in the minds of house and property owners when they out
from their premises without much fear of intruder.

INTRODUCTION
Shadow Alarm is opto-sensitive circuit that sounds an alarm whenever a shadow falls on it.When
somebody approaches the unit, it will give a loud alarm to abort the attempt of theft . Now a day
it iswidely used in aspects of security systems ,where security is our main concern .So it can be u
sed at nightby shopkeepers to protect the valuables in their showrooms. It can also be used to pro
vide security atwarehouses (godowns) where storage and protection of various types of goods is
main concern, andworks well for homesecurity too. A dim lighting in the room is necessary to de
tect the moving shadow.Unlike opto-interruption alarms based on light-
dependent resistors (LDRs),
This shadow alarm system uses lm741 IC which was wired in an inverting mode, IC 741 was the
most common Operational Amplifiers. As tone generator and amplifier to obtain a maximum
audible sound. The lm741 IC power that is sent is to transistor which amplifies a loud speaker or
buzzer.

THEORY:

The circuit is highly sensitive and can detect the shadow of the moving person
from a distance of f1 meter. It does not require an aligned light beam to make
the circuit standby. It is portable and can be places anywhere for monitoring.
Light dependent resistor is used as the sensor. Its resistance depends on the
intensity of light falling on it. In dark, its resistance will be very high about 10
Meg ohms. When light falls on LDR its resistance reduces to a few ohms.

BLOCK DIGRAM :
Component used:

Sr.No Component Identification Value/Unit

1 OP AMP IC IC 741 1
2 TRANSISTOR BC514
3 DIODE 1N4007
4 BURZZER
5 LED
6 REGISTORS
7 CAPACITOR
8 LDR
9 RELAY
10 BATTERY
11 CONNECTIND
WIRE
12

Circuit diagram:
Graph/Plot:

Result:

Simulation Result:

Hardware Result:

Conclusion:

Application:
Light Dependent Resistor Applications

Light dependent resistors have a low cost and simple structure. These resistors are
frequently used as light sensors. These resistors are mainly used when there is a need
to sense the absence and presence of the light such as burglar alarm circuits, alarm clock,
light intensity meters, etc. LDR resistors mainly involves in various electrical and
electronic projects. For better understanding of this concept, here we are explaining some
real time projects where the LDR resistors are used.

1.Automatic Headlight Dimmer

2. Street Light Control

3.Home security Systems

4.Position Sensor

5.Camra Expose Control .