UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Centre : Centre for Foundation Studies(CFS) Session : 201506

Course : Foundation in Science Unit Code : FHSC 1014
Year : Year 1 Unit Title : Mechanics
Trimester : Trimester 1

Tutorial 8: Rotational Motion and dynamics (Part 2)

1.

What magnitude of force F applied horizontally at the axle of the wheel is necessary
to raise the wheel over an obstacle of height h = 3.00 cm?
Given that radius of the wheel, r = 6.00 cm,
mass of the wheel,m = 0.800 kg.
[Answer: 13.6 N]

2. An 8.00 kg grinding disk has a diameter of 60.0 cm and is rotating at 600 rpm. What
braking force must be applied tangentially to the disk if it is to stop rotating in 5.00 s?
[Answer: 15.1 N]

3.

A bucket of water with a mass of 2.0 kg is attached to a rope that is wound around a
cylinder. The cylinder has a mass of 3.0 kg and is mounted horizontally on frictionless
bearings. The bucket is released from rest. Find
(a) its speed after it has fallen through a distance of 0.80 m
(b) the tension in the rope
(c) the acceleration of the bucket
[Answer: (a) 3.0 m/s; (b) 8.4 N; (c) 5.6 m/s2; downward]

1
4. A 2.0 kg cylinder has a radius of 20 cm. It rolls without slipping along a horizontal
surface at a velocity of 12 m/s.
(a) What is its translational kinetic energy?
(b) What is its rotational kinetic energy?and
(c) What is the total kinetic energy?
1
Given that Moment inertia of cylinder = MR 2
2
[Answer: (a) 144 J; (b) 72 J; (c) 216 J]

5. A circular ring is designed so that it has the mass of 2.0 kg and radius of 20 cm. What
is the total kinetic energy if it rolls with horizontal velocity of 12 m/s?
Given that Moment inertia of ring = MR 2
[Answer: 288 J]

6. A bowling ball of mass 7.3 kg and radius 9.0 cm rolls without slipping down a lane at
3.3 m/s. Calculate its total kinetic energy.
2
Given that Moment inertia of sphere = MR 2
5
[Answer: 56 J]

7.

A solid sphere is constrained to rotate about a vertical axis passing through the center
of the sphere. A cord is wrapped around what would be the equator, passes over a
pulley of negligible mass, and is attached to a mass that is allowed to fall under the
influence of gravity. Show the conservation of energy statement for the system is as
below.
M m 2
Mgh    v
 2 5
2
Given that Moment inertia of sphere = MR 2
5

8. Consider an inclined plane of height 16 m. Using different materials, four objects are
designed to have the same mass of 3 kg: A circular hoop, a disk, a sphere, and a box.
Assume friction is negligible for the box, but for the rolling objects, assume there is
enough friction that they roll without slipping. By calculating the final velocities in
each case, determine the order (fastest first) in which they arrive at the bottom.
[Answer: box, sphere, disk, hoop]

9. What is the height of an inclined plane in order that a circular disk will roll from rest
to the bottom with a final velocity of 20 m/s?
[Answer: 31 m]

2
10. A hoop is rolling on a horizontal surface at speed v = 3.3 m/s when it reaches a 15°
incline. (Moment inertia of a hoop = mr2)
(a) How far up the incline will it go?
(b) How long will it be on the incline before it arrives back at the bottom?
[Answer: (a) 4.3 m; (b) 5.2 s]

11.

A marble of mass m and radius r rolls along the looped rough track as shown in
figure. What is the minimum value of the vertical height h that the marble must drop
if it is to reach the highest point of the loop without leaving the track? Assume r << R
and ignore frictional losses.
[Answer: 2.7R]

12. A hollow cylinder, a uniform solid sphere, and a uniform solid cylinder all have the
same mass m. The three objects are rolling on a horizontal surface with identical
translational speeds v. Find their total kinetic energies in terms of m and v and order
them from smallest to largest.
7 3
[Answer: mv 2 ; mv 2 ; mv2]
10 4

13. A yo-yo is made of two solid cylindrical disks, each of mass 0.050 kg and diameter
0.075 m, joined by a (concentric) thin solid cylindrical hub of mass 0.0050 kg and
diameter 0.010 m. Use conservation of energy to calculate the linear speed of the yo-
yo when it reaches the end of its 1.0 mlong string, if it is released from rest.
[Answer: 0.84 m/s]

14. (a) Calculate the angular momentum of Earth that arises from its spinning motion
on its axis, treating Earth as a uniform solid sphere.
(b) Calculate the angular momentum of Earth that arises from its orbital motion
about the Sun, treating Earth as a point particle.
[Answer: (a) 7.08 × 1033 J s; (b) 2.67 × 1040 J s]

15. A 500 g steel rod 30.0 cm in length is pivoted about its center and rotated at 300 rpm.
(a) What is the angular momentum?
(b) What average torque must be applied to stop the rotation in 2.00 s?
[Answer: (a) 0.118 kg m2 s–1; (b) 0.0589 N m]

3
 UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Centre : Centre for Foundation Studies(CFS) Session : 201506

Course : Foundation in Science Unit Code : FHSC 1014
Year : Year 1 Unit Title : Mechanics
Trimester : Trimester 1

Solutions for Tutorial 8: Rotational Motion and dynamics (Part 2)

1. We consider the wheel as it leaves the lower floor. The floor no longer exerts a force
on the wheel, and the only forces acting are the force F applied horizontally at the
axle, the force of gravity mg acting vertically at the center of the wheel, and the force
of the step corner, fh and fv. If the minimum force is applied the wheel does not
accelerate, so both the total force and the total torque acting on it are zero.
We calculate the torque around the step corner. The second diagram indicates that the
distance from the line of F to the corner is r – h, where r is the radius of the wheel and
h is the height of the step.
The distance from the line of mg to the corner is r 2  (r  h) 2  2rh  h 2 . Thus,
F (r  h)  mg 2rh  h 2  0
The solution for F is
2rh  h 2
F= mg
r h
2(6.00 102 m)(3.00 102 m)  (3.00 102 m) 2
 (0.800 kg)(9.80 m/s 2 )
(6.00 102 m)  (3.00 102 m)
 13.6 N.

 2 
0  600 
ω f  ω0  60 
2. α   12.57 rad/s 2
t 5.00
τ  FR  Iα  FR  12 mR 2 
F  12 mR  12 (8.00)(0.300)(12.57)  15.1 N

3. (a) 1
mv  I  mgh  mv 
2 1 2 1 2

1 1
MR    mgh
2 v
R
2 2 2 2 2

4mgh 4(2.0)(9.80)(0.80)
v   2.993  3.0 m/s
2m  M 2(2.0)  3.0
(b) W  KE
Wrope  Wg  12 mv2  Th  mgh  12 mv2
 v2   2.9932 
T  m g    2.0 9.80    8.4 N
 2h   2(0.80) 
(c)  Fy  ma  T  mg  ma
T 8.4
a g  9.80  5.6 m/s 2 (-ve shows downward)
m 2.0

4
4. (a) KET  12 mv2  12 (2.0)(12) 2  144 J
2

(b) KER  12 I 2  
mR2    14 mv2  14 (2.0)(12) 2  72 J
v
1 1

R
2 2

(c) KETotal  KET  KER  144  72  216 J

2
v
5. KETotal  12 mv2  12 I 2  12 mv2  12 (mR2 )   mv2  (2.0)(12) 2  288 J
R

6. KETotal  KET  KER  mv  I  mv 

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
 v 2

mR    107 mv2
R
2 2 2 2 5

KETotal  107 (7.3)(3.3) 2  56 J

7. Ei  E f
0  Mg (h)  12 Mv 2  12 I 2
2

Mgh  Mv  1 2 1 2
 v
mR  
2

R
2 2 5

M m 2
Mgh    v
 2 5

8. Note: In applying conservation of energy, all terms contain mass, so mass is not
required. The total of ALL energies at the top of the incline must equal the total at the
bottom.
2
v
Consider Hoop: mgh  mv  I  mv  (mR )   mv2
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

R
2 2 2 2

 v  gh  12.5 m/s
2
v
Now For Disk: mgh  12 mv2  12 ( 12 mR2 )   34 mv2
R
v 4
3
gh  14.5 m/s
2
v
Next for Sphere: mgh  mv  ( mR )   107 mv2
1 2 1 2 2

R
2 2 5

v 10
7
gh  15.0 m/s
For box, there is no rotation: mgh  12 mv2
 v  2 gh  17.7 m/s
The order of arrival at bottom is first box, then sphere, then disk, and finally the hoop.
Of course this neglects friction for the box which is required for rotation of others.

2
v
9. mgh  mv  I  mv  ( mR )   34 mv2
1 2 1 1 2 1 2

R
2 2 2 2

3v 2 3(20) 2
h   31m
4 g 4(9.80)

5
10. (a) Ebottom  Etop
2
v
1
mv2  12 I 2  mgh  12 mv2  12 (mR2 )   mgh
R
2

2 2
v 3.3
h   1.111m
g 9.80
h 1.111
d   4.293  4.3 m
sin  sin 15
2s 2(4.293)
(b) s  12 (u  v)t  t    2.602 s
uv 0  3.3
This is the time to go up the plane. The time to come back down the plane is
the same, and so the total time is 5.2 s.

2
mvtop
11. FC  mg  N  of loop
 mg when N  0
R
of loop  gR
2
vtop
Erelease  Etop of loop
0  mgh  12 mvtop of loop  2 Itop of loop  mg(2R)
2 1 2

 v
2

mgh  12 mvtop
2
of loop  2
1 2
5
 2mgR
mr 2 top of loop
2
r
mgh  107 mvtop
2
of loop  2mgR  10 m( gR)  2mgR
7

h  2.7R

12. Solid sphere:

2

KETotal  KET  KER  12 mv2  12 I 2  12 mv2  12  2

5
v
 7
mR2    mv2
 R  10
Solid cylinder:
2

KETotal  KET  KER  mv  I  mv 1

2
2 1
2
2 1
2
2 1 1
2 2  v
2 3

mR    mv2
R 4
Hollow cylinder:
2

KETotal  KET  KER  mv  I  mv  mR    mv2

1
2
2 1
2
v2 1
2
2 1
2  2

R
In order from smallest to largest, the total kinetic energies:
Solid sphere, Solid cylinder, Hollow cylinder

13.  
ICM  12 mr 2  2 12 MR2  12 0.00500.0050  2 12 0.0500.0375
2
 2

5
I CM  7.0375  10 kg  m 2

M total  m  2M  0.0050  2(0.050)  0.105 kg

2
v 
M total gh  12 M totalv 2  12 I CM  2  12 M totalv 2  12 I CM  CM 
 r 
M total gh
vCM   0.84 m/s
1
I CM 
2  M total  
 r2 

6
 2 rad  1day 
14. (a) E  
5
  7.272 10 rad/s
1day  24  3600 
Lspin  I sphereE   2
5 
M E RE2 E   5.98 10
2
5
24
6.38 10  7.272 10 
6 2 5

Lspin  7.08 1033 J  s

2 rad  1 yr 
(b) orbit  
7
  1.992 10 rad/s
1 yr  365  24  3600 
  
Lorbit  I pointorbit  M E RE2 orbit  5.98 1024 1.496 1011   1.992 10 
2 7

Lorbit  2.67  10 40 J  s

  2  
15. (a) L  I   1
12 
ml 2   121 (0.500)(0.300) 2  300    0.118 kg  m/s
2

  60  
 2 
0  300 
ω f  ω0  60   15.7 rad/s 2
(b) α 
t 2.00
τ  Iα  12 (0.500)(0.300)2 (15.71)  5.89 102 Nm
1