REPORT SHEET

Name: ____________________ ​Date Submitted: ​___Oct 4 2019____

Group No.: _6_ ​Block:​​ __I-A__ Rating: ​_______________________

Laboratory Exercise No. 1

ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SUBSTANCES:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY

I. ​DATA/ RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS

Test Conducted Test Compounds/ Reagents Analysis

A. Solubility Distilled Water and Naphthalene Powder Floats on the surface

Ether and Naphthalene Powder Sinks to the bottom

Distilled Water and Sodium Chloride Dissolve after sometime

Ether and Sodium Chloride Dissolve within a few

seconds

B. Combustibility ​Ethyl Alcohol Bright Luminosity

Smoke formed

​Organic Oil No luminosity

No smoke formed

​Tap Water No luminosity

Smoke formed

C. Charring Ability Sucrose Turned dark and

caramelized

Sodium Chloride Turned brown

Activated Charcoal Become loosed

 D. Electrical Sodium Chloride ( 1M ) Vibration occured
​Conductivity

Sucrose ( 1M ) No vibration

95% Ethanol ​No vibration

II. ​DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

In ​Procedure A​ ,
We prepared 4 test tubes. T1 with distilled water and naphthalene
powder. T2 with ether and naphthalene powder. T3 with distilled
water and sodium chloride powder. And T4 with ether and sodium
chloride powder. In T1 , we observed that the substance ,
naphthalene powder remain floating on the surface of the mixture
after two minutes. While for T2 , the substance sinks to the bottom
of the test tube. This suggests that naphthalene powder is insoluble in water but is soluble in
ether. On the other hand , the time taken for sodium chloride powder to dissolve completely
in the mixture in T3 took a longer time whereas in T4 , it only took a few seconds.

In Procedure B ,

In ​Procedure C​ ,
We observed that all of the substances that are heated showed
different results, starting on sucrose, the heat caramelized the
sucrose and it gives a burned sugar smell.
The activated charcoal react the quickest in
all three substances, it became loose as
soon the heat reacted to it. And finally the
NaCl didn't burn as much as the other
substances because it was popping when it was heated
In​ Procedure D​ ,
We prepared 3 beakers. B1 with 1M of sodium chloride. B2 with 1M of sucrose and B3 with
95% ethanol. We tested the electrical conductivity of each beaker with an E.C.A and we
observed that B1 produce a small , minimal and hardly felt vibration when the ECA was
inserted. While for B2 and B3 , it does not produce any vibration at all. This could be
because sodium chloride is an electrolyte. Sucrose and ethanol cannot conduct electricity in
aqueous solution as it does not have any ions.

III. ​QUESTIONS

​ hich of the two solutes showed greater solubility in water? In ether?

1. W
Explain how nature of bonding affects solubility​.

Sodium Chloride ( NaCl ) is more soluble in water compared to naphthalene powder

( C​10​H​8 ) However , naphthalene powder is more soluble in ether than sodium
chloride. NaCl is an ionic polar compound whereas C​10​H​8 ​is a covalent non-polar
compound. Ionic compounds are more soluble in water than of covalent as water is
a polar molecule. Non-polar covalent is more soluble in ethers as no hydrogen
bonding can occur in ether.

2. ​Which of the three liquids ignited completely? Why?

​
Of the three liquids, ethanol got a little bit of flame since ethanol is a
flammable liquid

​ ompare the charring ability of sucrose with activated charcoal and cite the
3. C
difference, if any. Had NaCl charred? Why?

While sucrose contrast and became more compact, the activated charcoal
became more loose and turned into a powder. While heating NaCl, others
turned brown and most of it popped out from the tansan. Other NaCl turned
brown because it stayed at the tansan for too long.
​
​ hat organic substance is indicated by the residue in the tansan when
4. W
sucrose was charred?
​
The organic substance that was indicated by the residue in the charred sucrose
was mainly carbon. Sucrose is made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms
and when it was heated, the sugar caramelised and after a little while burnt
 ​ ad the three solutions lit the bulb? If yes, rank them according to the
5. H
degree of brightness. If not, explain the difference on the basis of their
chemical bonds.

The three solutions did not lit the bulb. Only the NaCl made vibrations that
indicated the electricity. But only slight vibrations, small amount of electric
current only. The two more compounds did not vibrate because of the
composition.

IV . ​CONCLUSION/GENERALIZATION

As we obtained the data that we gathered, we found out that the organic and
inorganic substances has a lot of differences. But the most common differentiation
to help distinguish between the organic and inorganic compounds used to be the
fact that organic compounds result from the activity of living beings, whereas the
inorganic compounds are either the result of natural processes unrelated to any life
form or the result of human experimentation in laboratories. We also conclude that
organic compounds are part of a class of chemical compounds the molecules of
which contain carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic compounds mostly comprise
of metal containing compounds even if they happen to exist in living organisms.
Also, the organic compounds found to be biological while the inorganic compounds
are mostly mineral in nature. They may have a lot of differences but, we as a
human, are all benefactor among of it that we could use of our knowledge about
these substances in terms of their nature and capabilities to our daily living.

V.​ APPLICATION

Both organic and inorganic compounds can be found in our everyday living and is
also used in our daily life. Organic compounds such as alcohols specifically
methanol is used as an antifreeze , glass cleaners and is found in some fruit and
vegetables. While ethanol is used as a fuel for vehicles and is found in antiseptic or
medical wipes. Another example of an organic compound would be plastic which
contain various organic substances. Plastic is widely used for packaging. On the
other hand , inorganic compound can be found everywhere , One evident example
would be carbon dioxide which we breathe out. Another would be sodium chloride
which is table salt which is found in the food industry. Thus through this experiment
, we can then recognize whether the things around us is organic or inorganic and
would use it properly since we know the properties they have through the
knowledge we acquire.