EXPERIMENT 2

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

I. Purpose
Students have knowledge about the chemical properties of various substances
based on changes that indicate the occurrence of chemical reactions.
II. Basic theory
In chemistry, reaction is one way to find out the chemical properties of a
substance or various substances. The chemical properties are then recorded as
quantitative data.
The occurrence of chemical reactions can be observed from the changes
(symptoms) that accompany it. For example, the emergence of gas, changes in color,
the emergence of sediment, changes in temperature and others.

III. Tools and materials

Tool
1 test tube rack
3 dropper pipettes
2 cups measuring 1 0 ml
1 beaker 250 ml
Material

 HCl 0,05 M; 1 M  BaCI2 , 1 M

 CH3 COOH 0,05 M  CaCO3 solid
 NaOH 0,05 M; 1 M  Ba(OH)2 saturated
 K2Cr2O7 0,1 M  K2CrO4 0,1 M
 AI2 (SO4)3 0,1 M  H2C2O4 0,1 M
 NH4OH 1 M  H2SO4 2 M
 (NH4)2SO4  KMnO4 0,05 M
 Pb(NO3)2 0,05 M  CuSO4 0,05 M
 NaCI 0,05 M; 0,1 M  KSCN 0,1 M
 Na3P04 solid

IV. Work Procedures

1. Insert exactly 1 mL of 0.05 M HCL solution into 2 test tubes each, 0.03 M CH3COOH solution.
Add each of the phenol ptalien (PP) indicator solutions. Observe the color of the solutions !.
2. Put the solution into 2 test tubes, each tube containing 1 mL of 0.05 M. NaOH solution. Then
add 1 drop of the phenol ptalien (PP) indicator solution to each test tube!
3. Then mix the two acids with a base into the test tube in working procedures 1 and 2, then observe
the changes that occur in the solutions in procedures 1 and 2 !.
4. Enter into 2 test tubes each 1 mL of 0.1 M K2CRO4 solution. Put in the first tube add drop by
drop of 1 M HCI solution. Then shake and observe! Then add 1 M NaOH solution into another
tube. Then save the two solutions to compare with solution number 5 !.
5. Insert into 2 test tubes each 1 mL of potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 M K2Cr2O7. Do the
steps like the experiment in number 4, then compare the solutions in numbers 4 and 5 !.
6. Next, insert 4 mL of (NH4)2SO4 (NH4) 1 M solution into the tube. Then add 4 mL of 1 M
NaOH solution, immediately attach the gas distributor. The gas formed is applied to litmus paper
that has been moistened with water. Observe the color changes that occur on litmus paper !.
7. Mix 1 mL of 0.05 M Pb (NO3) solution with 1 mL of 0.1 M NaCl solution. Then observe what
happens to the mixture. After that, heat the mixture while shaking. Then record the observations!
Then let stand a few minutes until the mixture cools, then observe what happens after the
mixture has cooled.
8. Insert 1 mL of 0.1 M BaCl2 solution into the test tube. Add 1 mL of 0.1 M K2CrO4 solution to
the test tube. Then add 1 mL of 0.1 M K2CrO4 solution. Then observe the mixture!
9. Insert 1 mL of 0.1 M BaCl2 solution into the test tube. Then add 1 mL of 0.1 M K2Cr4
solution. Then examine the substances in experiments number 8 and 9!
10. Insert 1 mL of 0.1 M BaCl2 solution into the test tube. Then add 1 mL of 1 M HCl solution
and 1 mL of 0.1 M K2CrO4 solution. Then compare with the solutions in numbers 8 and 9 !.
11. Insert ± 1 gram of CaCO3 powder into the test tube. Then add the HCl solution. The gas that
occurs is channeled into another tube containing a solution of Ba (OH)2. Then observe what
happens to the solution!
12. Next, into a mixture of 1 mL 0.1 M H2C2O4 acid solution and 2 drops H2SO4 2 M, drop a
0.05 M KMnO4 solution (drop by drop, while shaken). Drop the KMnO4 solution until the color
does not disappear!
13. Into the mixture of 1 mL of iron (II), Fe2 + 0.1 M and 2 drops of H2SO4 2 M drop a 0.05 M
KMnO4 solution while beating. Then compare the speed of KMnO4 color loss in steps number 12
and 13 !.
14. Mix 2 mL of iron (III) Fe3 + 0.1 M solution with 2 mL of 0.1 M KSCN solution. After that
divide into 2 parts (into 2 test tubes). After that add Na3PO4 to one of the tubes, while the others
are used for comparison. Then compare the two solutions !.
  Hypothesis

NO EXPERIMENT HYPOTHESIS
1 ml HCL 0,05 M
When strong and weak acids are mixed with (PP), there will
1. + CH3COOH 0,05
be no change in colour.
M + (PP)
1 ml NaOH 0,05
2. When NaOH is added (PP) will not change colour.
M + (PP)
HCL + (PP) + NaOH + PP = will not change colour.
3. Mix no. 2 and 3
CH3COOH + PP + NaOH + PP = will not change colour.

1 ml K2CrO4 0,01 KCrO4 + HCL will be orange and K2CrO4 after droping NaOH
4.
M + HCL 1 M the colour turns yellow or younger than orange.

1 ml K2CrO7 0,1 K2CrO7 + HCL solution will turn yellow

5.
treat as 4 and 5 K2CrO7 + NaOH will be yellowish clear.

4 ml (NH4)2SO4
(NH4)2SO4 + NaOH = red litmus to blue and litmus blue to
6. 1 M + 4 ml NaOH
blue.
1M

1 ml Pb(NO3)
7. 0,05 M + 1 ml 0,1 Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl colourless, there are deposits, gas arises.
M NaCl

1 ml 0,1 M BaCl2
BaCl2 + K2CrO4 will be murky yellow, the emergency of
8. + 1 ml 0,01 M
bubbles.
K2CrO4
0,1 M BaCl2 + 1
9. BaCl2 + K2CrO7 = will be murky orange.
ml K2CrO7
1 ml 0,1 M BaCl2
+ 1 ml 1 M HCL
1 0. BaCl2 + HCL + K2CrO4 = the solution will be orange.
and 1 ml 0,01
K2CrO4

1 gram CaCO3 + CaCO3

HCL in tube
11 . HCL = Colorless
containing
Ba(OH)2 Ba (OH)2 = Colorless
 1 ml H2C2O4 0,1
M + H2SO4 2 M, H2C2O4 + H2SO4 = the solution will not be coloured.
12.
drops of 0,05 M H2C2O4 + H2SO4 + KMnO4 = will be purple colour.
KMnO4
1 ml iron (II) ,
Fe2+ 0,1 M 2
13. Kmno4 speed of color loss rate is like no 12 and 13
drops of H2SO4 2
M 0,05 M KMnO4
Mix 2 ml iron
solution (III) Fe3+
Fe3+ + KSCN will produce a dark red solution
14. with 0,1 M 2 ml
Fe3+ + KSCN + Na3PO4 will produce a murky white colour.
KSCN 0,1 M + 2
ML KSCN 0,1 M

V. Observation Result
Trial number Treatment Observation Reaction

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

VI. Discussion
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VII. Conclusion
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VIII. References
Subagia, I Wayan dan Suheimi Sya′ban.2004.Singaraja.

Singaraja, 26 September 2019

Supporting Lecture, Students,

(Dr. I Nyoman Suardana, M.Si) (Luh Putu Ryan Lestari)

NIP. 196611231993031001 NIM. 1913071008