CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the research design that is being use as well as the research setting

of the study. It explains the respondents of the study and how the sampling procedures utilized to

be able to analyzed and understand the data that have been collected by the researchers. It also

presents the research instrument that is used in the study. Moreover, data – collection techniques

and statistical technique is presented in this chapter.

Research Design

This study is a non-experimental research and uses multiple research designs. It is design to

determine the relationship between student’s health and their self- concept through the use of the

following research designs; descriptive, survey, and correlative.

In explaining the results of demographics, descriptive research design will be use. It

systematically describe the personal information that will be collected from the respondents and are

limited only in age, parent’s educational attainment, parent’s occupation, weight and height.

Through the use of survey, the researcher will evaluate student’s level of self – concept

according to their health.

By the presence of independent and dependent variable, correlative will be used to show the

relationship between the variables. This research will not only find the results but also to identify the

relationship between health and self–concept.

Research Setting

This research will be conducted at Dangcagan National High School, Dangcagan,

Bukidnon which is a public high school in the said location. The S.Y. 2019-2020 enrollees in
Dangcagan National High School: Junior High have 756 males and 771 females and a total of

1527. On the other hand, Senior High have 213 males and 232 females and a total of 445. In

addition, Dangcagan National High School have 46 junior high teachers and 12 senior high

teachers. The total population in Dangcagan National High School is 2030 including the

teachers. The figure below shows the location where the study will be conducted.

Figure 2. The administrative map of Dangcagan National High School.

Respondents of the Study

The target population for this research defined to include students that are underweight,

normal, overweight and obese from all Senior High School strands in Dangcagan National High

School. It is equally selected comprising of 211 participants, male and female. All sections

should have participants. In determining the sample size, Slovin’s Formula is used:

N= Population Size

e= Margin of Error (5% constant)

 =

= 210.6508876

n = 211 total sample size

To determine the respondents per section, the total sample size which is 211 will be

divided by 14 because there are 14 sections in SHS building. As a result, there are 15

respondents for each section that will answer the questionnaire.

Sampling Procedure

Random sampling will be used to utilize and draw up a sample that can provide adequate

information for the study according to their health. A simple random sampling procedure will be

used for selecting the participants of the study. The sample for this study must have the desired

health needed by the researcher. This technique is employed to ensure a fairly equal

representation of the variables for the study. Within each section, selection of participants uses

simple random sampling and was achieve by writing out the names of the participant in a piece

of paper which was folded and put in a container.

Research Instrument

The researchers use adapted questionnaire as the data collection instrument for this study.

The Senior High School students are going to be interviewed by the adapted research

questionnaire. The instrument for this research include the General Self-Efficacy Scale by

Schwarzer and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale.

The General Self-Efficacy Scale is a 10 items scale that is designed to assess optimistic

self-beliefs to cope with a variety of difficult demands in life. Rosenberg’s Self-Efficacy Scale is

a 10 items Likert scale with items answer four points scale from strongly agree to strongly
disagree. The Cronbach’s Alpha of Rosenberg’s Self-Efficacy Scale is 0.86 and the General Self-

Efficacy Scale by Schwarzer is 0.76 - 0.82.

Data Gathering Procedure

Fifteen students in each section of senior high school serve as the respondents of this

study. The researcher sent a letter of request to the subject teachers to gather the BMI of the

students and for the sections that did not give a copy. It will be done through measuring student’s

height and weight, as well as collecting their age. The researcher sent a letter of approval to the

subject teachers and to the office of the principal asking permission to conduct a survey for the

study. The survey will be used to gather the demographic information such as age, parent’s

educational attainment, parent’s occupation, weight and height of the respondents. And also

survey will provide the data to determine their self-concept. Student’s responses will be analyze

and evaluate. The data that will be gather will treated with utmost confidentially.

Statistical Techniques

To interpret the data effectively, the researcher will employ the following treatment:

Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard deviation and Pearson-R, Moment Correlation.

The Demographic Profile of the respondents (age, parent’s educational attainment,

parent’s occupation, weight and height) together with the Health (BMI) of the respondents will

be determined by using the formula of frequency and percentage. Mean and standard deviation

will be used to determine the average score for self –concept.

Pearson- R or the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient is used to present if there

was a significant relationship between the variables which are health and self-concept of the
students. It will determine if there is correlation between the health of the students to their self-
concept.