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9
English
Quarter 1, Wk 2 - Module 4
Take Note of Sequence Signals or Connectors to
Determine Patterns of Idea Development
Given in a Text

i
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

ii
English- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1, Wk 2 - Module 4: Take Note of Sequence Signals or Connectors to
Determine Patterns of Idea Development Given in a
Text
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
anywork of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalty.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

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copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

Writer/s: GLADYS A. MANZO

Content and Language Evaluators: FROILAN D. ESCALANTE,
CARLITO A. ABARQUEZ, JEAN T. WALID
Design and Lay-out Evaluators: JOAN A. ENAD
Illustrator/Layout Artist: REZZEL MAE A. MONTECILLO

Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago, MSPh, PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Henry B. Abueva, EPS, OIC-CID Chief

Sherlita L. Daguisonan,LRMS Manager
John Ryan Dela Cruz – Division English Coordinator
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph

ii
 9
English
Quarter 1, Wk.2 - Module 4
Take Note of Sequence Signals or Connectors to
Determine Patterns of Idea Development
Given in a Text

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Division English Coordinator of the
Department of Education - Division of Iligan City. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education-Iligan City Division at
iligan.city@deped.gov.ph or Telefax: (063)221-6069.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

iii
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................... v

What I Need to Know..................................................................................................................... v
How to Learn from this Module.................................................................................................... vi
Icons of this Module...................................................................................................................... vi

What I Know.................................................................................................................................. .vii

Lesson 1:
Sequence Signals and Connectors.......................................................................1
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................1
What’s In............................................................................................................... 1
What’s New........................................................................................................... 2
What Is It............................................................................................................... 2
What’s More…...................................................................................................... 5
What I Have Learned...........................................................................................6
What I Can Do...................................................................................................... 6

Summary......................................................................................................................... 7
Assessment: (Post-Test)................................................................................................. 8
Key to Answers............................................................................................................................ 10
References................................................................................................................................... 11

iv
What This Module is About

This lesson sets you on a quest for knowledge about sequence signals or
connectors.
In this module, you will come to understand that sequence signals or
connectors are needed in determining patterns of idea development of a given text.
You will do some activities like connecting two ideas that have a particular
relationship. Knowing these connectors and signal words would enhance our skills in
reading and comprehension.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Discover the function of sequence signals or connectors.

2. Identify the different types of connectors in English.
3. Retell and comprehend the beginning, middle and end of the story/text using
sequence signals/connectors.
4. Point out the sequence signals or connectors in the text.

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How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
Knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

vi
 What I Know (Pretest)

Test 1. The given passage makes use of signal words which are organized by
sequence. Spot at least sequence signals or connectors and write them on the spaces
provided below.

Patty the pirate has always dreamed of finding gold. Yesterday, she found
a treasure map. After reading the map, she jumped in her ship and set sail for the
land marked with a big “X”. Later that day, when she reached land, she begun to
dig. Suddenly, her shovel hit something hard. It was a large wooden chest. When
she threw open the lid, it was filled with sand. In the end, Patty was disappointed
she didn’t find gold but happy she had an adventure.

1._______ 1._____
2.____________
3.____________
4.____________
5.____________

Test 2. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable sequence connectors from the brackets.

1. The men went to a nearby restaurant for breakfast. ______, they drove off towards
the Penang Bridge (After, Afterwards, Meanwhile)

2. The football coach announced, "Today, we will begin practicing for the coming
match." ______ he added, "Let's warm up first." (Then, After, Eventually)

3. ______, heat the oil in the frying pan. Then put in all the marinated chicken pieces.
(Before, After, First)

4. Many customers bought the delicious chicken pies. ______ all the pies were sold
out. (Eventually, Afterwards, Next)

5. Many people wanted to buy the tickets. ______ a while, the queue was quite long.
(Before, After, Finally)

Test 3. Choose the correct connectors to complete the idea of the sentence.
1. They managed to work together, ___________ their differences of opinion.
(although, despite)

2. I left home early, ___________ I had to do several errands. (because, because of)

3. He speaks about the subject ____________ he was an expert. (as if, like)

4. We rested ____________ the hottest part of the day. (during, while)

5. ____________ she lost her way twice, she arrived safely. (Although, Despite)

vii
Test 4. The following passages have words deleted. Choose the word or phrase that best
completes each passage.

1. When a student cheats, he reveals two things about himself. In getting help from another
student, he proclaims that someone else is more competent than himself;
_____________, the cheater shows his perfectionist tendency by suggesting that he is
being measured against unrealistic standards.

a. in addition b. on the contrary c. as a result d. in short

2. The adolescent attitude towards study is that it is a task to be avoided if at all possible. At
best it is an unpleasant chore. It is begun under duress and escaped as soon as the
opportunity presents itself. The mark of truly adult learning, ______________, is that it is
done with no sense of being forced. It is entirely voluntary and carried on with a sense of
enjoyment and satisfaction.
a. likewise b. however c. in other words d. finally

3. Frequent moves made by the average American family put a strain upon young people,
who often grow up feeling they have no real home and that they owe no allegiance to
anyone; ______________, crime, divorce, and other social problems have increased in
recent times.
a. consequently b. at the same time c. in other words d. for instance

4. What we were once taught as common courtesies, ______________ saying “please” and
“thank you,” are becoming less common.

a. thus b. before c. first d. such as

viii
 Sequence Signals or
Lesson Connectors
1
What I Need to Know
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to take note of sequence signals or
connectors to determine patterns of idea development in a given text.
Specifically, after going through this module, you will be able to:
1. Understand and know the importance of sequence signals or connectors in writing.
2. Identify the different connectors.
3. Classify connectors according to how it is used.
4. Bring structure and clarity to a text read with the knowledge of connectors.

What’s In
Hello! The lesson that we are going to tackle in this module is about taking note of sequence
signals or connectors to determine the patterns of idea development in a selection. Before
that, let us recall our previous knowledge about connectors and sequence signal words.

Connectors Words that are used to link two or more ideas.

words or phrases that introduce a clause or
Sentence Connectors
sentence and serve as transition between them.

1ix
 What’s New

After recalling our previous knowledge about connectors, we will now start the focus
lesson in this module. First, let us do an activity:

List down at least ten connectors that are used in the development of the selection.

Last year, I visited China capital to attend a business conference. While I was there, I
decided to visit the supermarket selling exotic animals. To start off, my flight was
delayed. Next, the airline lost my luggage, so I had to wait for two hours at the airport while
they tracked it down. Unexpectedly, the luggage had been set aside and forgotten. As soon
as they found my luggage, I found a taxi and rode into Wuhan town. During the ride into
town, the driver told me about his last visit to the supermarket. After I had arrived safely,
everything began to shatter. The people panicked because of novel corona virus, and I
thoroughly understand its danger if I will stay. Finally, I caught my flight back to the
Philippines before the lockdown thing. Luckily, everything went smoothly. I arrived home just
in time to be reunited with my family and able to kiss them goodnight.

1. _______________ 5. _______________
2. _______________ 6. _______________
3. _______________ 7. _______________
4. _______________ 8. _______________

What Is It
What have you noticed with your answers? What is their function in the
presentation of ideas in the selection? Did they help you to follow the writer’s thoughts? Did
they aid you understand better the selection? Do you think sequence signal words
important?

A.
Words that indicate an order or time in which
Sequence Signal words
something is going to happen

Some examples of this type are enumerated below:

2
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 First Not long after At last
Second Today Now
Third Tomorrow Before
Next Once After
Meanwhile Soon While
On (date) Final(ly) Then
Later

Task 1

Fill in the blanks with the most suitable sequence connectors from the brackets.

1. My sister was in the dentist’s office for ten minutes. ______, I sat in the waiting room with
an old magazine in my hands. (First, Meanwhile, Later)

2.An hour passed but there was no sign of Mike. ______, we decided to go home.
(Until, Before, Finally)

3. We bumped into Salsa during our trip to Lang Island. A few weeks ______, we met him
again (after, then, later)

Sequencing Steps - Sequencing refers to the order in which events in a narration

happened.

The following are some of the most common words and expressions which are used
to sequence a story:

Firstly Firstly, I began my education in London.

First of all First of all, I opened the cupboard.
Beginning To start off To start off with, we decided our destination was New
with York.
Initially Initially, I thought it was a bad idea.
Then, But then Then, I started to get worried.
After that After that, we knew that there would be no problem!
Next Next, we decided on our strategy.
Continuing
As soon as + As soon as we arrived, we unpacked our bags.
Full clause
Immediately Immediately, I telephoned my friend Tom.
Finally Finally, I flew to London for my meeting with Jack.
In the end In the end, he decided to postpone the project.
Ending
Eventually Eventually, we became tired and returned home.
Lastly Lastly, we felt we had enough and and went home

In reading narrations, it is important to take note of these expressions since they help
you improve your ability to comprehend and to follow the ideas presented by the writers.

3
xi
B.
Sentence comprehension may involve recognizing the relationship between parts of
a sentence. Sequence signals or connectors are useful in recognizing these relationships
within sentences. Here are some examples:

TYPE OF CONNECTORS THAT HELP IDENTIFY THEM

RELATIONSHIP
ADDITION again, also, and, besides, finally, further, last, moreover, equally
important, furthermore, in addition, likewise
CLARIFICATION as a matter of fact, clearly, evidently, in fact, too, obviously, in
other words, of course
COMPARISON also, likewise, in like manner, similarly, both/and

CONTRAST after all, although, conversely, at the same time, however, but,
for all that, still, in spite of, yet, nevertheless, in contrast, on the
contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, notwithstanding
EXEMPLIFICATION or for example, for instance, that is, thus, including
EXAMPLE
LOCATION or above, adjacent to, below, beyond, close by, elsewhere, inside,
SPATIAL ORDER nearby, next to, opposite, within, without
CAUSE / EFFECT or accordingly, as a result, because, then, hence, in short,
CONDITION / consequently, thus, therefore
CONCLUSION
SUMMARY in brief, in conclusion, in short, to sum up, on the whole, to
summarize
TIME after, after a short time, afterward, before, during, of late, at last,
at that time, immediately, formerly, while, presently, since,
shortly, now, thereupon, until, temporarily

Task 2

Read each sentence then choose the word or phrase that identifies the
relationship between parts of the sentence.

1. Jack is a very poor basketball player; therefore, he should be taken off the team.

a. example b. clarification c. cause/effect d. addition

2. George Washington was very much admired as a soldier and statesman, but in his private
life, he was described by some as proud and demanding.

a. time b. spatial order c. contrast d. comparison

3. The youth must have been involved with the murder; evidently, he left the crime scene in
such a hurry that he forgot to dispose of his gun.

a. example b. clarification c. time order d. spatial ord

What’s More
4
xii
 Now let us do some activities to strengthen the learnings that we had in this lesson.

A. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable sequence connectors from the brackets.

1. The men went to a nearby restaurant for breakfast. ______, they drove off towards the
Penang Bridge. (After, Afterwards, Meanwhile)

2. The football coach announced, “Today, we will begin practicing for the coming match.”
______ he added, “Let’s warm up first.” (Then, After, Eventually)

3. ______, heat the oil in the frying pan. Then put in all the marinated chicken pieces.
(Before, After, First)

B. Read each sentence then choose the word or phrase that identifies the relationship
between parts of the sentence.

1. Amnesty International is a world-famous organization which acts to help men and women
who have been unjustly incarcerated; the organization regularly publishes the names of
political prisoners and requests that letters pressing for their release be sent to the proper
authorities.
a. example b. cause/effect c. addition d. summary

2. There are thousands of thoughts that might enter your conscious mind at any given
moment; moreover, those thoughts are in some way related to your interests, hopes, needs,
and desires.
a. clarification b. addition c. cause/effect d. time order

3. The Three Faces of Eve was a highly successful book upon which a film about multiple
personality was based; similarly, Sybil was a book that became a movie depicting a young
woman’s struggle with this puzzling condition.
a. contrast b. example c. addition d. comparison

C. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.

1. Many Americans think that gambling and prostitution are victimless crimes in which no
one is injured except for the offender. ______________, there has been pressure from
some groups to decriminalize such activities.
a. However b. Example c. Consequently d. Also

2. Most animals sleep in the same fashion as humans do; they relax their muscles and lie
down. ______________, birds and horses sleep in an upright position.
a. However b. Example c. Likewise d. Therefore

3. Jogging provides many positive health benefits for runners in their middle and senior
years. ______________, joggers tend to have a lower incidence of heart attacks than do
non-joggers.
a. For example b. In conclusion c. In addition, d. Nevertheless

What I Have Learned 5

xiii
 Let us reflect on what we had discussed starting from the beginning of this
lesson. Then, organize your ideas following these guide questions:

1. What are connectors? / sequence signal words? / sequence connectors?

2. Are they important? Why? What are their roles in a selection?
3. How can sequence connectors enhance reading and comprehension?

Write your answers to these questions using sequence connectors in paragraphs.

Then, upload it to our Facebook group. Before that, send me a friend request so that I
could add you to the group. By the way, my Facebook account is Natasha Tuan.Lastly, if
you have questions regarding the lesson, feel free to ask via Facebook Messenger.

What I Can Do

Having in mind the knowledge that you gained from this lesson, there are many
things that you could do aside from enhancing your understanding towards different kinds of
materials. To showcase your understanding, do the following activities:

A. Write any of the following using sequence connectors:

1. How to cook spaghetti

2. Narrate the story of a movie that you have watched recently
3. Give the direction on how to arrive at your house from school
(upload your answers to our Facebook group)

B. Choose the correct connectors to complete the idea of the sentence.

1. We stayed up late, ____________ we were tired. (although, despite)

2. They went swimming, ____________ the coldness of the water. (although, despite)

3. I enjoy the course, ____________ the professor is a good teacher. (because, because of)

4. She looks ___________ your sister. (as if, like)

5. Please wait ___________ I make a phone call. (during, while)

6. Did you hear any noises ____________ the night? (during, while)

7. It looked ____________ we would not be able to leave until the next day. (as if, like)

8. We all felt tired ____________ the hot weather. (because, because of)

9. I read a book ___________ I was waiting. (during, while)

10. Her eyes shone _____________ stars. (as if, like)

Summary 6

xiv
 This part of the lesson will bring us to make generalizations on the content of this
module and to take note of the most important points emphasized in this lesson.
Study the diagram below to guide you in conceptualizing the contribution of knowing
the sequence connectors towards reading comprehension.

READING
COMPREHENSION

KNOWLEDGE OF
SEQUENCE SIGNAL
CONNECTORS

DETERMINED
PATTERNS OF
IDEA
DEVELOPMENT OF
THE TEXT

ENHANCED
READING
COMPREHENSION

Following the diagram have been helpful in making the summary. Now you
are ready for the assessment.

Assessment: (Post-Test)
7

xv
Test 1.The given passage makes use of signal words which are organized by sequence.
Spot at least sequence signals and write them on the spaces provided below.

Patty the pirate has always dreamed of finding gold. Yesterday, she found
a treasure map. After reading the map, she jumped in her ship and set sail for the
land marked with a big “X”. Later that day, when she reached land, she begun to
dig. Suddenly, her shovel hit something hard. It was a large wooden chest. When
she threw open the lid, it was filled with sand. In the end, Patty was disappointed
she didn’t find gold but happy she had an adventure.

1.____________
2.____________
3.____________
4.____________
5.____________

Test 2. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable sequence connectors from the brackets.

1. The men went to a nearby restaurant for breakfast. ______, they drove off towards
the Penang Bridge (After, Afterwards, Meanwhile)

2. The football coach announced, “Today, we will begin practicing for the coming
match.” ______ he added, “Let’s warm up first.” (Then, After, Eventually)

3. ______, heat the oil in the frying pan. Then put in all the marinated chicken pieces.
(Before, After, First)

4. Many customers bought the delicious chicken pies. ______ all the pies were sold
out. (Eventually, Afterwards, Next)

5. Many people wanted to buy the tickets. ______ a while, the queue was quite long.
(Before, After, Finally)

Test 3. Choose the correct connectors to complete the idea of the sentence.
1.They managed to work together, ___________ their differences of opinion. (although,
despite)

2. I left home early, ___________ I had to do several errands. (because, because of)

3. He speaks about the subject ____________ he was an expert. (as if, like)

4. We rested ____________ the hottest part of the day. (during, while)

5. ____________ she lost her way twice, she arrived safely. (Although, Despite)

Test 4. The following passages have words deleted. Choose the word or phrase that best
8
completes each passage.
xvi
 1. When a student cheats, he reveals two things about himself. In getting help from
another student, he proclaims that someone else is more competent than himself;
_____________,
2. the cheater shows his perfectionist tendency by suggesting that he is being
measured against unrealistic standards.

a. in addition b. on the contrary c. as a result d. in short

2. The adolescent attitude towards study is that it is a task to be avoided if at all possible. At
best it is an unpleasant chore. It is begun under duress and escaped as soon as the
opportunity presents itself. The mark of truly adult learning, ______________, is that it is
done with no sense of being forced. It is entirely voluntary and carried on with a sense of
enjoyment and satisfaction.
a. likewise b. however c. in other words d. finally

3. Frequent moves made by the average American family put a strain upon young people,
who often grow up feeling they have no real home and that they owe no allegiance to
anyone; ______________, crime, divorce, and other social problems have increased in
recent times.
a. consequently b. at the same time c. in other words d. for instance

4. What we were once taught as common courtesies, ______________ saying “please” and
“thank you,” are becoming less common.

a. thus b. before c. first d. such as

xvii
 Key to Answer 9

What I Know (Pretest)

I.1.after 4.when III.1. despite 4.during
2.later 5.in the end 2. because
5.although
3.suddenly 3. like

II.
s1. afterwards 4.eventually
2.then 5.after
3.first

What’s New
I.1.last year 5.as soon as
2.while 6.during
3.to start of 7.after
4.next 8.finally
What Is It
I.1.meanwhile II.1.c
2.finally 2.c
3.later 3.b
What’s More

A.1.afterwards C.1.a
2.then 2.c
3.first 3.c
B.1.c
2.b
3.d
What Can I Do

B.1.although 6.during
2.despite 7.as if
3.because 8.because of
4.like 9.while
5.while 10.like

Assessment (Post - Test)

I.1.after 4.when III.1. despite 4.during
2.later 5.in the end 2. because
5.although
3.suddenly 3. like
II.1. afterwards 4.eventually
2.then 5.after
3.first

References

xviii
Sources:

http://www.ielts-practice.org/connecting-sentences-with-conjunctions-andtransitional-
adverbs/

https://www.mdc.edu/

11

xix
 For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Iligan City

Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph