Name ______________________________________________________2017__________ Hour ____

This review packet will be collected as evidence of your focus and effort in preparing for this important
assessment.
Biology A Exam Review
1. A scientist first identifies a _____________ (data/ problem) that needs to be solved. Next, the scientist
makes a prediction called a ___________________ (conclusion/ hypothesis) and designs a controlled
__________________ (hypothesis/ experiment) to test the hypothesis. A controlled experiment tests
__________ (one/ many) variable(s). The scientist tests two groups of people. The group that is tested
is called the _______________ (experimental/ control) group while the other group that has nothing
done to it is called the _________________ (experimental/ control). Throughout the experiment the
scientist collects ___________ (data/ replication). Finally, the scientist draws a __________________
(conclusion/ problem) that may support or disprove the hypothesis. Other scientists will begin the
process of _____________________(replication/ conclusion) to continue to test the original
conclusions.

2. Please label the pictures with the characteristic of living things that it represents. See chapter 1-3 for help.

3. Please complete the Carbon (Organic) Compound Table below:

Carbon Compound Monomer(s) Uses Examples
Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

4. Stable internal conditions within an organism is known as ________________________

5. How do diffusion and osmosis differ and how are they alike?

6. Active transport is “active” because it _________ (does/ does not) require energy to move materials
against their concentration gradient.
7. Name two problems that cells encounter when they get large? What do cells have to do to solve this
problem?
8. Complete the table below:

Cell Organelle Function (Use your notes or text index for help.)
Nucleus

Ribosome

Cell Wall

Cells Membrane

Mitochondria

Endoplasmic Reticulum

9. Please label the images below as a prokaryote or eukaryote.

9a. When a cell has a nucleus, we refer to it as ______________________________.

9b. When a cell lacks a nucleus, we refer to it as ___________________________________.

10. Write the equation for photosynthesis.

11. Underline the reactants and circle the products in the equation above.

12. In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

13. What types of organisms photosynthesize?

14. Write the equation for respiration. Again, underline the reactants and circle the products.

15. In which organelle does respiration occur?

16. What types of organisms respire?

17. How do autotrophs and heterotrophs differ?

18. Anaerobic respiration that occurs in our muscles and causes soreness is called _________
________ __________________, while anaerobic respiration that is done by yeast is called
___________________ ______________________.
19.

Mitosis Meiosis
20. Please label the picture to the
right.

21. How many chromosomes are

found in a normal human? How
many chromosomes would be
found in reproductive cells?

22. What type of cells are haploid and what type would be diploid?

23. Look at the karyotype to the left. What is the gender of this person and
is a genetic disorder present?

24. Please name and describe the process shown to

the right. Does this process occur during meiosis
or mitosis?

25. DNA is a large molecule made of monomers called ____________________

(nucleotides/ fatty acid & glycerol). These monomers are made of three parts,
_______________________, ___________________ and a _____________________.

26. Please describe the types of RNA listed below:

mRNA-
rRNA-
tRNA-

27. List three ways in which DNA differs from RNA?

28. Place the following terms in the correct order: RNA DNA Protein
29. What would the complementary strand of DNA look like?
AAT CCG TAC
______ ______ ______

30. Now, go from DNA to mRNA

AAT CCG TAC
______ ______ ______

31. Here’s the big one… go from the mRNA that you wrote above to protein. (See pg. 303 in your book)
_________________________ _______________________ _________________________

32. What type of bonds would hold together the strand of amino acids that you translated above?

33. This amino acid (coded for with AUG) is always the first in a protein.
34. What is the name for the process of making DNA? (DNA replication/ DNA transcription)
35. What is the name for the process of making mRNA from the DNA template? (translation/
transcription)
36. Give an example of an advance made through genetic engineering.
37. Define homozygous. Give an example, too!
38. Define heterozygous and provide an example of heterozygous alleles.

39. Look at the image above. What is the name of the entire structure?
40. The portion of the structure labeled with an x is called a _______________________, which is made
of three parts (think of the DNA song!) ________________, ______________ and a _____________.
The structure labeled with an x is the ______________ of the polymer that we call DNA..

41. Tall (T) is dominant over short (t). What would the genotypic ratio be if a
heterozygous plant was crossed with a homozygous dominant plant?
a. 1:2:1 b. 4:0:0 c. 2:0:2 d. 2:2:0

Please match the term with its correct definition:

______41. Sex-linked a. trait carried on the x chromosome
______42. Polygenic b. trait that results from two equally dominant alleles
______43. Codominant c. trait that is controlled by many genes
______44. Incomplete Dominance d. trait that is controlled by two genes that are neither dominant

45. Name the structure shown to the right. What does the letter B represent?

46. Gender of the offspring is determined by the ________________ because

______________________________________.

47. What information is provided by a Punnett square?

*****Additionally, you will be asked application questions based on data analysis (data provided) about
key areas of study this semester ********