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Advancement in Tissue Culture of Orchids

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 0216

Advancement in Tissue Culture of Orchids

SAIKAT G ANTAIT* AND UMA RANI SINNIAH

ABSTRACT

Orchids are well-appreciated for their attractive long-lasting flowers

displaying an implausible array of diversity in size, shape and color.
Comprising ~800 described genera and ~25,000 species today, the
orchid industry covers ~8% of the world floriculture business with
the pr os pe c ti ve of f ur the r e n hanc e me nt. Sinc e or c hi ds ar e
outbreeders, breeding using seeds results in the production of
heterozygous plants. Large-scale multiplication of orchids using
tissue culture system have facilitated and secured its position amid
the top ten cut flowers. Improved systems are accessible at present
to facilitate the supply of orchid propagules for the floriculture
industry in near future. An overview of orchid micropropagation
that revealed impressive progress in the last decades has been
presented. These systemic protocols are intended to offer optimal
levels of growth regulators, nutrients and environmental factors as
requisite to attain high rejuvenation rates in vitro and thus assist
commercially feasible micropropagation.
Key words: Bioreactor, Callus, Organogenesis, Protoplast culture,
Somatic embryogenesis, TCL

INTRODUCTION

Orchids usually are grown as highly appreciated cut flowers due to their
striking beauty and extended shelf life as well. At the present time

Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400

Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: E-mail: saikatgantait@yahoo.com
16 Biotechnology Vol. 2: Plant Biotechnology

worldwide. However, based on the methodologies employed so far, it is

evident that orchid industry would get an enormous improvement with
optimized use of automation-based mass propagation. In addition
conservation of endangered orchid species can also be achieved using
the above mentioned advances in orchid culture.

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