Name :Muhammad Naim bin Ahmad Nizam

Matrix no. :2019884242

Subject :CEM 571 - Week Without Wall
To : Sir Amril Hadri bin Jamaludin

1. Link on selected video.

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebRTBRuDtLI

2. Types of Machineries
 Excavators.
-Excavators are large construction equipment that can be driven by tracks or wheels, but
tracks are more standard. A conventional excavator has a long bucket arm attached to a
pivoting cab that can rotate a full 360 degrees. The operator sits in the cab and from there
has good visibility of the site. Excavators are highly versatile and can be fitted with special
attachments for specialty jobs.
 Bulldozers.
- A powerful machine used to move dirt along large open land. As it have a wide flat blade
in front that can be operated using two piston to move the blade to move the dirt on the
site. Other than that , they are no rmally used to push piles of earth and for rough or fine
grading. It depends on the size of the bulldozer.The dirt at the site caneasily handle by the
bulldozers.
 Dump Trucks.
-The function of dump trucks are limited but it perform the all important task of moving
and dumping heavy material. They are also road-ready so they can bring material into or
out of the site and can travel anywhere large equipment.
3. How the process works :
 First of all , we need to remove the top soil. Use excavators to excavate at least 10 to 20
centimeters of soil depending on the depth of the topsoil layer. After that make sure the
topsoil heap does not exceed 1 to 1.5 meter
 Second, begin the digging. Line the workers or equipment up with the ditch line andstart
to dig. Be careful to observe soil conditions so that the trench embankments do not yield,
allowing them to cave in.
 Third, dig your first cut to the appropriate depth. If the trench needs to be excavated in
steps, dig to the depth of the first bench . Otherwise, dig the first section to the full depth
of trench.
 Fourth, keep the removed soil as far from the excavation as possible by using dumptrucks.
This will also prevent the removed material from creating an overburdening of the trench’s
banks or sides, which would increase the risk of collapse.
 Fifth , move along the length of your trench as each section is excavated to the required
depth. Check the depth with a laser level or builder's level where the grade is critical to
ensure the finished trench will not require adjustments.
 Sixth, check the completed trench. Once the entire trench has been excavated, recheck the
depth throughout its length. Check the embankments for stability, and do any smoothing
or finished grading of the trench bottom necessary to install the material the trench was
dug for. Such as drainage or cable. For this case we will be solve for the drainage
installation.
 Seventh, complete the project. For example, you may be removing an obsolete utility line,
installing a new one, or installing a drainage system or sanitary sewer.
 Lastly, regrade and relandscape the area, attend to surface conditions after connecting any
utilites you have installed
4. Advantages/Disadvantages each of the machineries

Machineries Advantages Disadvantages

Excavators Easy to dig in flat condition or Need frequent maintenance as it

in steep conditions is mostly used machine in site

Bulldozers Strong machine that is capable Cannot travel in high speeds

to push large or pile of soil. and they are large and noisy.

Dumptrucks Carry task of moving and Have limited function that is

dumping large weight of use to move a thing.
material at site or even can
carry machineries.