Graduated Cylinder

 used to measure approximate volumes of

liquids;
 probably your best everyday measuring
tool;
 should NOT to be heated, nor used to mix
chemicals;
 the bumper is to prevent the cylinder from
breaking, so DO NOT take it off.
 Beaker

 very poor item to measure

volume with due to its
+/- 5% error;
 holds and / or heats solids
or liquids.
Lab Equipment: Erlenmeyer Flasks

Beaker Tongs

 used to hold and move beakers containing

hot liquids;
 CAUTION: Rubber coating will melt, so do
not place or rest directly on a hot plate.
 Erlenmeyer Flask

 very poor item to measure volume

with due to its +/- 5% error;
 often used for holding mixed
solutions, either after titration
or used to contain reaction solutions.
 Filtering Flask Florence Flask

 used in conjunction with a  used for mixing chemicals;

vacuum connection to a water  idea for boiling liquids;
faucet to speed up filtration;  used to hold solutions.
 sometimes used for collection of
a gas given off by a reaction.
A volumetric flask is used to make up a solution of fixed volume very accurately

A volumetric flask is used to make up a solution of fixed volume very accurately

Volumetric Flasks

 used to make up a solution of

fixed volume very accurately;
 should never be heated;
 only calibrated to the volume
listed on the flask
 Funnel

 can be glass or plastic;

 used to direct the flow of liquid when
transferring from one container to another;
 also used in filtering by lining with filter
paper.
 Ring Clamp

 used in filtration to support funnels;

 used with wire gauze to provide a stable,
elevated platform for a beaker to rest
when heated.
 Utility Clamp

 used to secure test tubes, burets,

and other specialized pieces of lab
equipment to the ring stand.
 Buret Clamp
 specialized clamp used in
titrations to hold a buret;
 attaches to the ring stand.
Buret
Ring Stand  highly calibrated piece of
 metal rod fixed upright in a glassware; used to measure
heavy metal base; has many volumes of solutions in
uses as a support. titrations.
 Test Tube Test Tube Holder Test Tube Brush
 check for cracks before use;  useful for holding a test tube  used to clean small diameter
 heat only Pyrex brand. which is too hot to handle glassware, such as test tubes
with your hands. and graduated cylinders

Test Tube Rack

 holding, drying, and organizing test tubes
 are located in the bin under your lab station.
 Clay Triangles

 wire frame with porcelain supports;

 is used to support crucibles when
heating over lab burner;
 when filtering, can support a funnel.
 Crucible with Cover

 VERY HOT!
 used to heat small amounts of solids to
very high temperatures;
 use with crucible tongs.
 Crucible Tongs

 for handling hot crucibles and their

covers;
 also used to pick up small, hot objects
or to hold a material in an open
flame.
 Wire Gauze

 sits on ring clamp to provide a

platform on which a beaker
will reside.
 Spot (well) Plates

 used when you want to perform many

small scale reactions at one time;
 can be ceramic or plastic;
 always be sure to clean out thoroughly with
q-tips after each use.
 Dropper Pipet

 used to transfer small volume of liquid,

usually a drop at a time;
 used in combination with a dropper bottle
to hold the solution you are transferring.
 Mortar & Pestle

 porcelain;
 used to grind crystals and lumpy chemicals
to a powder.
 Scoopula

 used to transfer solid chemicals from their

container or reagent (original) bottle;
 the chemicals should NEVER be transferred
with bare hands.
 Weigh Boats

 used for holding and determining the mass

of solid chemicals;
 NEVER put chemicals directly on the
balance.
 Plastic Wash Bottle

 has a tip that delivers a stream of

water to a specific area when
squeezed;
 during use, keep the bottle upright
since most have a tube that goes to
the bottom of the bottle.
 Pipettes

 Graduated;
 measures and delivers exact volumes
of liquids;
 used in conjunction with pipet pump
to draw liquid into pipet.
 Triangular File

 used to scratch glass tubing

prior to breaking to desired
length.
 Forceps

 metal;
 used to hold or pick up small
objects.
 Stirring Rod

 used to stir;
 assist in pouring liquids;
 can be plastic or glass.

Stirring Rod with Rubber Policeman

 used for removing precipitates

from a container by acting like a
rubber spatula from the kitchen
 Plastic (Disposable) Pipettes

 can be graduated to certain

volumes or can be used as a
dropper only.
 Rubber Stoppers & Corks

 used to close test tubes and flasks, thus

avoiding spillage or contamination
 Attaches to the gas jet on the bench top!

Bunsen Burners

 used for the heating of

NONFLAMMABLE liquids and
solids;
 might need adjustment for
proper flame;
 must be disconnected from the
gas jet at the end of each lab;

REMEMBER: Light the match, THEN turn on the gas!

If the handle is perpendicular to
the nozzle, the gas is OFF.

If the handle is parallel to the

nozzle, then the gas is ON.
 Watch glass
 used to cover an
evaporating dish or
beaker while heating.

Evaporating Dish
 used for heating stable solid
compounds which might be hydrated;
 also used for evaporating solutions;
 used in conjunction with watch glass;
 made with porcelain, but get VERY
HOT.
 Desiccator

 glass jar used to store samples

to keep them from absorbing
moisture from the air;
 lid fits on base tightly and seals
with grease

Desiccant

 stored in desiccator to absorb

any water that might be in
sample;
 usually blue, which is calcium
chloride;
 when desiccant changes from
blue to purple, it is time to
change it.
 Gas collection tube (Eudometer)

 used to measure gas volumes evolved from

a chemical reaction.
Lab Equipment: Erlenmeyer Flasks

Electronic Balance

 very accurate, highly dependable, and digital

display makes it easy to read;
 pay attention to the calibration on the scale;
 lid must be lifted in order to place the sample
on the balance pan.

The “zero” button should be

pressed before putting anything
on the balance. Also, if you want
to only measure the weight of the
chemical you are adding to a weigh
boat, simply put the weigh boat on
the scale and press “zero.” The
mass of the weigh boat is
subtracted out and all you are
seeing is the mass of the sample
you are adding.
 Hot Plate

 used for gentle heating of any

flammable chemicals;
 used to obtain a constant
temperature.
 Cleaning Supplies

 each station has plenty of paper towels,

soap, test tube brush, sponge, and hand
soap.
 used for cleaning lab equipment, table top,
and to wash your hands when finished.

We are NOT your MAID.

Clean up after yourself!
 MSDS (Materials Safety Data Sheet) / SDS (Safety Data Sheet).

▪ Identification of the substance

▪ Hazards
▪ Information on ingredients
▪ First Aid measures
▪ Fire Fighting measures
▪ Accidental Release Measures
▪ Handling and Storage
▪ Exposure Control Limits / Personal Protection
▪ Physical and Chemical properties
▪ Stability and Reactivity
▪ Toxicological Information
▪ Ecological Information
▪ Disposal Considerations
▪ Transport Information
▪ Regulatory Information
▪ “other information”
 Located on buildings, tanks, drums – anything containing a chemical.
 Numbers on diamond represent the substances severity/danger
according to four areas …

▪ blue indicates potential health effects

▪ red indicates explosiveness or readiness to ignite
▪ yellow concerns reactivity, or the chemical's ability to react with other
chemicals in the environment
▪ white indicates special precautions, usually used for oxy, or oxidizing
agent
NOTE: for buildings, the diamond represents the HIGHEST rating for the total chemicals
combined (ie., if there is 100 g of a chemical with a rating of “4”, and everything else rates
“1”, that one chemical will cause the building diamond to display a rating of “4”.)
 Health Hazard
0 – Hazard no greater than
ordinary material
1 – May cause irritation;
minimal residual injury
2 – Intense or prolonged
exposure may cause
incapacitation; residual
injury may occur if not
treated
3 – Exposure could cause
serious injury even if treated
4 – Exposure may cause
death
Fire Hazards
Reactivity
0 – Will not burn
0 – Stable
1 – Must be preheated for
1 – May become unstable
ignition; flashpoint above
at elevated temperatures
200°F (93°C)
and pressures, may be
2 – Must be moderately
mildly water reactive
heated for ignition,
2 – Unstable; may
flashpoint above 100°F
undergo violent
(38°C)
decomposition, but will
3 – Ignition may occur
not detonate. May form
under most ambient
explosive mixtures with
conditions, flashpoint
water
below 100°F (38°C)
3 – Detonates with strong
4 – Extremely flammable
ignition source
and will readily disperse
4 – Readily detonates
through air under standard
conditions, flashpoint
below 73°F (23°C)
• OX Strong Oxidizer
• Water reactive
•Know and use your required PPE!

•What is PPE? Personal Protective Equipment

•Know why PPE is important (especially SAFETY GOGGLES!)

•Know how to put out a fire

(http://labsafety.flinnsci.com/Chapter.aspx?ChapterId=111&UnitId=7)

•Know how to put out SOMEONE who is on fire, as well

as what to say when something goes wrong to alert the teacher
(FIRE! FIRE! FIRE!)

•Know how to help someone in the event of a chemical spill.