INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Language can be defined as a tool for people to communicate with each other (Tylen,
Weed, Wallentin, Roepstorff, & Frith, 2010). Language is not only about communication but
also about how to interacting minds (Tylen et al., 2010). According to Chomsky (1986) in
(Tylen et al., 2010) that language is a kind of knowledge that people use. There are over 6.700
languages are spoken in the world today (Aronoff & Rees-Miller, 2008). Each language has
similarities and also differences between each other (Aronoff & Rees-Miller, 2008). Each
language can have similarities and also differences because of the root of the language (Aronoff
& Rees-Miller, 2008). Language is used for communication and in every part of the world has
its own language, this is why there is a lot of languages.

Linguistics is the scientific study of language (Lee & Lyons, 2006). According to Meyer
(2002), there are two majors of linguistics, namely, micro linguistics and macro linguistics.
Every language has micro and macro linguistics. In line with that Tylen et al., 2010 state that
when all of the languages have their own rule it is possible to compare one to the other and
knowing the differences and similarities of those languages. When comparing two languages,
generally linguists will analyze the micro linguistics of both languages (Wardhaugh, 2018). it
is because they can analyze it in detail by using micro linguistics to compare both languages
(Lee & Lyons, 2006). Comparing two languages can be done by analyzing one aspect of micro
linguistics, such as comparing the phonological system, morphological system or syntax
(Phillip (ed); Carr, Durand, & Ewen, 1383). Linguistics is the study of language and it can be
used to analyze a language and also comparing the one language to the other.

Knowing the difference of one language to others can be compared with their micro
linguistics aspects. There are several studies of comparative study between two languages,
normally, the comparison of two languages can be done by analyzing the micro linguistics of
both languages especially the phonological system. In this case, knowing the similarities
between English and Bahasa Indonesia is important for both English teachers and learners so
that they know how to pronounce the words correctly in English.

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1.2 Statements of The Problem

Based on the background the problems of this study are:

1.2.1 what are the similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of the vowels?

1.2.2 What are the similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of the
consonants?

1.3 The Purposes of This Study

1.3.1. Knowing the similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of vowel

1.3.2. Knowing the similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of the the
consonants.

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 Literature Review

There are five subtopics which will be discussed in this literature review which are
related to the topic of the study. They are about linguistics, phonology, vowels, and consonants.
Subtopic of vowels and consonants are divided into two which are about English vowels,
Bahasa Indonesia vowels, English consonants, and Bahasa Indonesia consonants

2.1 Linguistics

Language is the communication system for a human to communicate with others. The
origin of the communication system is a semiotics system. According to Saussure (1969) in
Meyer (2002) states that semiotics system has three aspects. Firstly, Signs is the expression of
the semiotic system by having signifier or particular form, as is English, the word table can
have two different signifiers. Secondly, phonemes are used in the speech and this concerned
more about how the words are pronounced. Thirdly, graphemes are used in writing and this is
concerned more about how the words are constructed and graphemes are related to the signifier.
However, Saussure (1969) in Meyer (2002) also argued that language is an arbitrary nature
which has a rule in it.

Linguistics is the scientific study of a language. There are two majors of linguistics,
namely, micro linguistics and macro linguistics. Micro linguistics is concerned with the
structure system of a language (Lee & Lyons, 2006). Macro linguistics is concerned about
everything that pertains to every language (Lee & Lyons, 2006). Based on those definitions of
micro and macro linguistics it is noticeable that the term of micro linguistics is narrower than
macro linguistics (Meyer, 2002). There are six branches of micro linguistics, namely,
phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics (Haas, 2015). Besides that,
according to Lee & Lyons, 2006 there are six macro linguistics, namely, Psycholinguistics,
Sociolinguistics, Neurolinguistics, Discourse Analysis, Computational Linguistics and applied
linguistics.

Language has a lot of aspects which can be analyzed by using linguistics. There are two
main branches of linguistics which are macro and micro linguistics. The field of micro
linguistics is about the aspects which construct the language, but macro linguistics has broader
disciplinary than that. There is a lot of previous studies of micro linguistics (see. Hashimoto,
2010; Rose & MacWhinney, 2014; Kiraz, 2000; Håkansson, 1995; Doyle, Goldstein, &

3
Bourgeois, 1987; Cantweil, Baker, & Rutter, 1978; etc.). Besides that, there is also a lot of
studies of macro linguistics (e.g. Blommaert, 2007; Gürel, 2004; Ling, 2005; McNeill, 1970;
Paradis, 1993; Sinclair, 1976;etc.). However, linguistics is a big field which has a lot of
branches and normally to analyze a language can be done in focusing on one branch of
linguistics.

2.2 Phonology

Phonology is one of the branches in linguistics. Phonology is the study of how sounds
are constructed in the language (Odden, 2005). In addition to that, Bayee (2001) also states that
phonology is concerned about the specific aspect of the sound structure in a language. Roach
(1991) also included about how articulators and airstream can produce the speech sound. Based
on that definition, it can be known that phonology is the study of sound which is concerned
with how the speech sound can be produced.

Knowing the differences between phonetics and phonology is essential when learning
phonology because it will be easier to learn phonology for the next steps (Philip Carr, 2003).
The differences between phonetics and phonology are that phonetics is concerned more about
the physical sounds which are found in human speech (Odden, 2005). It is also concerned with
the format value and the measurement of sound production (Kreidler, 2004). On the other hand,
phonology is the cognitive system of rules and principles which is related to the sound
especially human speech (Odden, 2005). The essential thing before learning further about
phonology is that knowing the basic thing first which is the differences between phonetics and
phonology, so that, it will be easier to learn the next step.

Phonology has several aspects which are concerned, namely, the sound of a language,
rules of combining the sounds, variation in pronunciation (Philip Carr, 2003; Odden, 2005).
According to Philip Carr (2003) and Odden (2005) Firstly, the sound of a language is the aspect
which is considered on how the sound of a language. Secondly, rules for combining sounds is
the aspect of phonology on how several combinations of sounds are allowed and some are not.
Thirdly, variations in pronunciation is an aspect of phonology which is concerned on the
possible and impossible words which phonological analysis will be about general patterns of
the pronunciation. Those are the aspects which are concerned in phonology in a language.

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 Phonetics which is a physical sound in a language (Lee & Lyons, 2006). There are two
aspects of phonetics which are acoustics and articulation (Odden, 2005). Acoustics is the sound
which is received by the ears and brain (Lee & Lyons, 2006). On the other hand, articulation
is the speech sound which is arranged by the articulators (Meyer, 2002). Those differences of
the phonetics are physically represented as a part of a language (Roach, 1991). Acoustics and
articulators are part of the phonetics which is the foundation on which phonology is built (Philip
Carr, 2003). The phonetics which are consisted of acoustics and articulators are the
fundamental thing in phonology for producing a speech sound.

Phonology is the disciplined study of a sound in a language based on the definition

above. This discipline study has phonetics which is the physical sound of a language.
Phonology has three different aspects, namely, the sound of a language, rules for combining
the sounds, and variation in pronunciation. Besides that, phonetics has two aspects which are
acoustic and articulation. Those are about phonology which as the symbol of the speech sound.
There are also some previous studies of phonology (see. Besner, 1987; Cruttenden, 2001;
Hickey, n.d.; Iosad, 2019; Jones, 2010; Um, 2004; Zhang & Yin, 2014). However, Phonology
is a scientific study for linguists to analyze a language based on speech sounds.

2.3 Vowel

The vowel is one part of the articulatory phonetics (Lee & Lyons, 2006). In line with that
Roach (1991) states that vowels are the sounds that the air flows from the larynx through the
lips without any obstruction. According to Odden (2005), there are three important properties
in the vowel, there are height, backness, and roundness. The height of a vowel is when the
tongue is in a higher position when producing the vowel. Backness is when the position of the
tongue is at back. Roundness is when the lip is rounding to pronounce the word. All of them
are how vowel can be produced in a language. Every language has its own vowel system but
those three properties will be found in all languages (Lee & Lyons, 2006).

2.3.1 English Vowels

English has short and long vowels sound (Philip Carr, 2003). According to Roach (1991)
states that long English vowels have longer sound than a short vowel, the example of the
long vowel in English is /I:/, /u:/, /ɜː/,/ɑː/, /ɔː/. Based on the example long vowels always
have the length mark to distinguish the differences between long and short vowels.

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 Moreover, English has six short vowels, there are /ɪ/, /ʊ/, /e/, /ɒ/, /æ/, /ʌ/ which the
pronunciation of those phonetics symbols shorter than long vowels. So, English has two
vowels, which are short and long vowels that can be distinguished by the length mark of
the phonetics symbol.

2.3.2 Bahasa Indonesia Vowels

Bahasa Indonesia is a national language which is used in Indonesia. Bahasa Indonesia or

Indonesian Language also has vowel same as the other languages. Bahasa Indonesia has
six vowels which are, /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, /o/. According to (Odden, 2013) there are three
classifications of producing sounds, in Indonesian Language vowel, it can be classified.
(Chaer, n.d.) already classified the vowel of the Indonesian language, which is, based on
the height, roundness, and backness. Based on the height is that the highest is /i/, the middle
is /e/, the bottom is /a/ (Aminoedin, Soedjiatno, Razaq, Marsoedi, & Taryono, 1984).
Based on the roundness of the lip, there are two types which are, round for /a/, /o/, /u/ and
oval /i/, and /e/ (Chaer, n.d.). Based on the backness, there are three positions of the tongue,
which are, in front is /i/ and /a/, in the middle is /e/ and at the back is /o/ (Aminoedin et al.,
1984). Those are vowels of Indonesian language and the position of the tongue and the
shape of lip when pronouncing the vowels.

The vowel is one part of articulatory phonetics which is used in every language. The
pronunciation of the vowel may different from the other languages because of how the
pronunciation of the language itself. Based on that, it is possible to use vowel of two languages
for the comparison. The comparison of English vowel and Indonesian Language vowel can be
found because based on the explanation above, it can be seen that there are some different
phonetics and some are similar. Although, English and Indonesian language may have
similarities they also have a big difference which is long and short vowel which the Indonesian
language does not have.

2.4 Consonant

Consonants are produced with any restriction of the airstream through the mouth and
larynx, which is the opposite of vowels (Lee & Lyons, 2006). Normally, there is more
consonant than vowel in a language (Odden, 2005). Consonants are classified into several
groups which are based on how they are produced by the airstream (Lee & Lyons, 2006). There

6
are twelve places of articulation for vowel which are bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar,
alveopalatal, retroflex, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal, laryngeal, glottal (Odden, 2005). All
of those places of articulation for consonants can be used in a language (Odden, 2005). This
following figure will illustrate more on how consonant from many languages in the place of
articulation.

Figure 1. Place of articulation, Consonant Manner and voicing (Odden, 2005)

Based on the figure it can be seen that the place of articulation can be used for every
language. it also can be used to analyze the consonants which are voiced and voiceless. It is
not all of the places of articulation that every language has because the place of articulation in
figure 1 is the compilation of consonant I every language.

2.4.1 English Consonant

English has 24 consonants which are divided into several groups in the place of
articulation, which are, bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar,
and glottal (Roach, 2009). Consonants are also divided into a manner of articulation, which
is, plosive, fricative, affricative, nasal, Lateral approximant, and Approximant (Meyer,
2002; Odden, 2005; Roach, 2009). Those consonants are divided into several groups
according to the places of the articulation which is part of the human mouth for producing
the articulation of the phoneme and also the flow of the airstream (Odden, 2005).
Consonants which are divided into several groups will be illustrated in the following
figure.
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 Figure. 2 Consonant in English (Meyer, 2002).

However, figure 2 illustrates how English consonants are divided into a place of articulation
and manner of articulation. It clearly shows how those consonants are pronounced.

2.4.2 Bahasa Indonesia Consonant

Bahasa Indonesia has 21 consonants, which are, b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v,

w, x, y, z (Tim Pengembang Pedoman Bahasa Indonesia, 2016). According to Aminoedin
et al., (1984) stated that consonants in Bahasa Indonesia can be divided into two, which
are a place of articulation and manner of articulation. There are 10 places of articulation
in consonants of Bahasa Indonesia, namely, bilabial, labiodental, dental, retroflek, palatal,
velar, uvular, glottal, and laringal. Besides that, there are also several manners of
articulation, namely, hambat, afrika, geser, nasal, lateral, getar, semivokoid. However, the
following figure will illustrate on how the consonants in Bahasa Indonesia are divided into
the place of articulation and manner of articulation.

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Figure. 3 manner of articulation and place of articulation in Bahasa Indonesia (Aminoedin et
al., 1984)

Consonants are produced in a different way of vowels because of the flow of the
airstream which is produced in a different way. Consonants have a place of articulation and
manner of articulation which every language has that. English has place articulation which are
bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, palatal, velar, and glottal. It also has the
place of articulation which is plosive, fricative, affricative, nasal, lateral approximant and
approximant. Besides that, consonants in Bahasa Indonesia also has a place of articulation and
manner of articulation. Place of articulation in Bahasa Indonesia is bilabial, labiodental, dental,
alveolar, retroflek, palatal, velar, uvular, glottal, and laringal. Manner of articulation of
consonants in Bahasa Indonesia is hambat, afrika, geser, nasal, lateral, getar, semivokoid.

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 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Method

The method used in this study is qualitative research for finding the research problem.
Qualitative research design is an exploratory research design which is used for collecting the
data by interviewing and observing (Fitzpatrick & Boulton, n.d.). The purpose of using a
qualitative research method is for identifying the relationship between the data (Davis, 2006).
The design of the qualitative data is included a research problem, selecting the sample,
collecting and analyzing the data, and writing the findings and then evaluating the method in
the discussion session (Merriam, 2007).

3.2 Research Instrument

The instrument of this study is using the wordlist consisted of 100 words in Bahasa
Indonesia and English with the phonetics symbol of each language. This research using
wordlist of 100 words because of the theory of Swadesh (1952) stated that 100 and 200 –
wordlist can reliably be reflected the comparison of two languages. In line with that, the finding
of M. Zhang & Gong (2016) stated that between 100 and 200 Swadesh wordlist there is no
significantly different because both of them give a similar result.

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 FINDING AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Finding

The study found several similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of
vowels and consonants. There are five vowels which have similar pronunciation between
English and Bahasa Indonesia, namely, /a/, /i/, /u/, /ə/, /ɛ/. Besides that, there are several similar
articulations of phonemes in Bahasa Indonesia and English in term of consonants, which are,
b, f, d, g, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, w, and ng. The similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia
in term of vowels and consonants will be illustrated in the following table.

Table 1. The similarities of English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of vowels

No. Vowel English Bahasa Indonesia

1. /a/ Try Pinjam
/traɪ/ /pin·jam/
2. /i/ Key Kunci
/ki/ /kun·ci/
Tea Putih
/ti/ /pu·tih /
3. /u/ Book Buku
/bʊk/ /bu·ku/
Borrow Garpu
/ˈbɑˌroʊ/ /gar·pu/
/ə/ Chocolate Cokelat
/ˈʧɔklət/ /co·ke·lat/
Bird Berubah
/bɜrd/ /ber·u·bah/
4. /ɛ/ Chair Meja
/ʧɛr/ /méja/
Air Enak
/ɛr/ /énak/

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 Table 2. The similarities of English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of consonants

No. Consonants English Bahasa Indonesia

1. /b/ Book Buku
/bʊk/ /bu·ku/
Rabbit Mobil
/ ˈræbɪt/ /mo·bil/
2. /f/ Father Fakta
/ˈfɑðər/ /fak·ta/
3. /d/ Dog Dekat
/dɔg/ /de·kat/
Window Jendela
/ˈwɪndoʊ / /jendéla/
4. /g/ Guitar Gitar
/gɪˈtɑr / /gi·tar/
Cigarette Gelap
/ˌsɪgəˈrɛt / /ge·lap/
5. /k/ Key Kunci
/ki/ /kun·ci/
Black Enak
/blæk/ /énak/
6. /l/ Learn Lemon
/lɜrn/ /le·mon/
Flower Balon
/ˈflaʊər/ /ba·lon/
Call Wortel
/kɔl/ /wor·tel/
7. /m/ Moon Masak
/mun/ /ma·sak/
From Sebelum
/frʌm / /se·be·lum/
8. /n/ Lemon Lemon
/ˈlɛmən/ /le·mon/

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 Sun Bulan
/sʌn/ /bu·lan/
Knife Anak
/naɪf/ /anak/
9. /p/ Party Panitia
/ˈpɑrti / /pa·ni·tia/
Hope Harap
/hoʊp/ /ha·rap/
Open Lupa
/ ˈoʊpən/ /lu·pa/
10. /r/ Rabbit Rumah
/ ˈræbɪt/ /ru·mah/
Before Segar
/bɪˈfɔr/ /se·gar/
Dark Dari
/dɑrk / /da·ri/
11. /s/ Tasty Masak
/ˈteɪsti/ /ma·sak/
Class Kelas
/klæs/ /ke·las/
12. /t/ Table The
/ˈteɪbəl/ /téh/
Tourist Turis
/ˈtʊrəst/ /tu·ris/
13. /w/ Woman Wortel
/ˈwʊmən/ /wor·tel/
14. /ng/ Hungry Bunga
/ˈhʌŋgri/ /bu·nga/

Those are the similarities between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of Vowels and
Consonants. This study found that there are four vowels of Bahasa Indonesia and English have
the similarities and this is also clearly shown in the table with the example of the word which
is taken from the word list in the appendix. Besides that, Bahasa Indonesia and English also

13
have similarities in term of consonants. There are fourteen consonants have similarities and
also clearly shown in table two with the example of the word from both languages.

4.2 Discussion
The purpose of this study is identifying the similarities between Bahasa Indonesia and
English in term of vowels and consonants. This study finds that Bahasa Indonesia has several
similarities with English in term of vowel and consonants. Finding of this study may be a
consideration for English teachers in Indonesia about the similarities of English and Bahasa
Indonesia to the students. A study of Sakti, Markov, & Nakamura (2005) found that phoneme
– based recognition using cross – language approach can give an impact to the English learners
in Indonesia. so that, it is important to know the similarities of English and Bahasa Indonesia
for English teachers in Indonesia to make their students can have better comprehension in
English especially speaking skill.

14
 CONCLUSION

It is showed clearly this study identifying the similarities between two different
languages which are English and Bahasa Indonesia. This study tried to show the similarities
between English and Bahasa Indonesia in term of vowels and consonants. The finding which
is this study gotten is most of vowels in English have the same manner of articulation with
vowels in Bahasa Indonesia. Besides that, most of English consonants have the same manner
of articulation with consonants of Bahasa Indonesia. Those findings are showed into two tables
with the example of the words in English and also Bahasa Indonesia.

15
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 APPENDIX

No English Word Phonetics Symbol Bahasa Indonesia Phonetics Symbol

1. Window /ˈwɪndoʊ / Jendela /jendéla/

2. Chair /ʧɛr/ Kursi /kur·si/

3. Table /ˈteɪbəl/ Meja /méja/

4. Bread /ˈteɪbəl/ Roti /ro·ti/

5. Cake /keɪk/ Kue /kué/

6. Water /ˈwɔtər/ Air /air/

7. Book /bʊk/ Buku /bu·ku/

8. Paper /ˈpeɪpər/ Kertas /ker·tas/

9. Tasty /ˈteɪsti/ Enak /énak/

10. Drink /drɪŋk/ Minuman / mi·num·an/

11. Ruler /ˈrulər/ Penggaris /peng·ga·ris/

12. Shirt /ʃɜrt/ Kemeja /keméja/

13. Pen /pɛn/ Pulpen /pulpén/

14. Pencil /ˈpɛnsəl/ Pensil /pénsil/

15. Eraser /ɪˈreɪsər/ Penghapus /peng·ha·pus/

16. Chocolate /ˈʧɔklət/ Cokelat /co·ke·lat/

17. Ring /rɪŋ/ Cincin /cin·cin/

18. Key /ki/ Kunci /kun·ci/

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19. Cat /kæt/ Kucing /ku·cing/

20. Dog /dɔg/ Anjing /an·jing/

21. Ten /tɛn/ Sepuluh /se·pu·luh/

22. Go /goʊ/ Pergi /per·gi/

23. Join /ʤɔɪn/ Ikut /ikut/

24. Air /ɛr/ Udara /uda·ra/

25. Near /nɪr/ Dekat /de·kat/

26. Here /hir/ Sini /si·ni/

27. Tourist /ˈtʊrəst/ Turis /tu·ris/

28. Tea /ti/ Teh /téh/

29. Find /faɪnd/ dapat /da·pat /

30. Learn /lɜrn/ Belajar /bel·ajar/

31. Black /blæk/ Hitam /hi·tam/

32. Yellow /ˈjɛloʊ/ Kuning /ku·ning/

33. White /waɪt/ Putih /pu·tih /

34. Give /gɪv/ Memberi /mem·be·ri /

35. Borrow /ˈbɑˌroʊ/ Pinjam /pin·jam/

36. Try /traɪ/ Coba /co·ba/

37. Lemon /ˈlɛmən/ Lemon /le·mon/

38. Orange /ˈɔrənʤ/ Jeruk /je·ruk/

39. Sun /sʌn/ Matahari /ma·ta·ha·ri/

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40. Moon /mun/ Bulan /bu·lan/

41. Flower /ˈflaʊər/ Bunga /bu·nga/

42. Sing /sɪŋ/ Nyanyi /nya·nyi/

43. Man /mæn/ Pria /pria/

44. Woman /ˈwʊmən/ Wanita /wa·ni·ta/

45. Home /hoʊm/ Rumah /ru·mah/

46. Balloon /bəˈlun / Balon /ba·lon/

47. Rabbit / ˈræbɪt/ Kelinci /ke·lin·ci/

48. Bed /bɛd/ Kasur /ka·sur/

49. Before /bɪˈfɔr/ Sebelum /se·be·lum/

50. Bird /bɜrd/ Burung /bu·rung/

51. Cook /kʊk/ Masak /ma·sak/

52. Call /kɔl/ Telpon /tel·pon/

53. Car /kɑr/ Mobil /mo·bil/

54. Carrot /ˈkærət / Wortel /wor·tel/

55. Change /ʧeɪnʤ / Berubah /ber·u·bah/

56. Choose /ʧuz / Pilih /pi·lih/

57. Child /ʧaɪld/ Anak /anak/

58. Cheese /ʧiz/ Keju /ke·ju/

59. Cigarette /ˌsɪgəˈrɛt / Rokok /ro·kok/

60. Class /klæs/ Kelas /ke·las/

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61. Committee /kəˈmɪti / Panitia /pa·ni·tia/

62. Dark /dɑrk / Gelap /ge·lap/

63. Debate /dəˈbeɪt/ Debat /de·bat/

64. Fact /fækt/ Fakta /fak·ta/

65. Fast /fæst / Cepat /ce·pat/

66. Fork /fɔrk/ Garpu /gar·pu/

67. Forget /fərˈgɛt / Lupa /lu·pa/

68. Fresh /frɛʃ / Segar /se·gar/

69. From /frʌm / Dari /da·ri/

70. Gift /gɪft / Hadiah /ha·di·ah/

71. Ghost /goʊst / Hantu /han·tu/

72. Good /gʊd/ Bagus /ba·gus/

73. Guitar /gɪˈtɑr / Gitar /gi·tar/

74. Hard /hɑrd/ Susah /su·sah/

75. Hate /heɪt/ Benci /ben·ci/

76. Head /hɛd/ Kepala /ke·pa·la/

77. Hill /hɪl / Bukit /bu·kit/

78. Hole /hoʊl/ Lubang /lu·bang/

79. Hope /hoʊp/ Harap /ha·rap/

80. Hungry /ˈhʌŋgri/ Lapar /la·par/

81. Human /ˈhjumən / Manusia /ma·nu·sia/

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82. Invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ Mengundang /me·ngun·dang/

83. Knife /naɪf/ Pisau /pi·sau/

84. Leave /liv/ Meninggalkan /mening·gal·kan/

85. Like /laɪk/ Suka /su·ka /

86. Local /ˈloʊkəl/ lokal /lo·kal/

87. Loud / laʊd / Keras /ke·ras/

88. Love / lʌv / Cinta /cin·ta/

89. Map / mæp/ Peta /pe·ta/

90. Far / fɑr/ Jauh /ja·uh/

91. Mother / ˈmʌðər / Ibu /ibu/

92. Father /ˈfɑðər/ Ayah /ayah/

93. Nail / neɪl / Kuku /ku·ku/

94. Noisy / ˈnɔɪzi / Ribut /ri·but/

95. Nose /noʊz/ Hidung /hi·dung/

96. Open / ˈoʊpən/ Buka /bu·ka/

97. Oil / ɔɪl / Minyak /mi·nyak/

98. Party /ˈpɑrti / Pesta /pes·ta/

99. Plastic / ˈplæstɪk/ plastik /plas·tik/

100. Poor / pur/ Miskin /mis·kin/

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