Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The construction has been developed from the point of view of costs. For this purpose,
CAPEX and OPEX have been determined, and assuming mine costs, a cash flow has also
You can see the capex in chapter 2.0 MAIN PLANT, subtitle 2.4. CAPEX AND OPEX,
CAPEX evaluates the net cost of equipment, direct and indirect construction and installation
costs. Within these, we estimate the cost of assembly, pipelines, land management, civil
works and electrical installations through factors. Likewise, CAPEX evaluates the indirect
costs of the project that represent EPCM, spare parts, commissions, startup, freight and
transport. A contingency of 35% is also evaluated. All these costs were estimated by factors
provided by Peruvian consultants dedicated to plant design, which gladly provided us with
this information. In this case, part of the CONSTRUCTIBILITY evaluated at this point by
means of a factor.
All equipment costs were taken from InfoMine USA. (2014). We consider these equipment
costs as FOB costs, CIF cost was considered as 8% of equitment cost. In order to obtain
equipment cost values, the M&S Index extracted from Chemical Engineering magazine were
used. For the year 2019 the factor is 1716.2 while for the year 2014 is 1566.9. We chosed
2014 like the first year because the edition of the InfoMine USA.
You can see the OPEX in chapter 2.0 MAIN PLANT, subtitle 2.4. CAPEX AND OPEX,
OPEX
The calculation of the energy consumed per month, the value given in HP was multiplied by
0.745 to convert it to kw, the it was multiplied by the number of hours worked per day.
It was considered 28 days per month to calculate the monthly energy. In the cost of this
project, the salaries of people directly and indirectly involved with the production process of
the concentrate (engineers, technicians, operators, etc.) have been considered acording to the
Direct and indirect materials have been considered within the supply group, such as reagents,
spare parts and maintenance materials. Spare parts and maintenance were considered as 1%
of the cost of equipment. Within the service group, the energy consumption of each
equipment was mainly considered. The cost of energy is 0.065 kw - hr. It was obtained
through an average of the energy costs in which some Peruvian companies work.
We have a representation of the plants in two dimensions in plans which are in the annexes
of the report. You can see the PLANS in chapter 4.0 ANNEX, subtitle 4.1. MAIN
PLANT, section 4.1.2. PFD MAIN PLANT; subtitle 4.2. REAGENT PLANT section
4.2.2. PFD REAGENT PLANT and subtitle 4.3. DISALINATION PLANT, section
For cash flow we could not work only with plant costs, so mine costs were estimated by
benchmarking, with data from Peruvian companies with close capabilities and approximate
mineralogy, for example the “Toromocho” and “Cerro Lindo” mines. Expert criteria were
also consulted for engineers who work in operation and have current data. Also for mine data
In the design of the plant, health and safety criteria were considered, which is detailed in the
technical report, such as the following example taken from technical report the chapter of
reagents (3.1.1):
Another approach in which it was considered was during the design and storage of reagents
based on Peruvian regulations, and the MSDS sheets of each reagent, which has facilitated
Social aspect
In the community of Yauca del Rosario it is estimated rainfall is estimated 1 liter per square
meter per day, groundwater 33 liters per cubic meter and an evaporation of 7 liters per square
meter per day; performing a water balance in the area, there is a shortage of water to carry
Increase in the demand for water due to the demographic increase, due to investments
in industries, agriculture.
Reduction of the quantity and quality of available water, due to the overexploitation
For our project located in this community, seawater desalination emerges as an alternative
for obtaining industrial water and drinking water supply for the surrounding population;
This would achieve the conservation of natural water resources and also reduce social
he environmental impact analysis focuses on the disposition of the brine, which comes out
As evidenced by the fact that in estuarine areas, where there are significant variations in
Therefore the treatment we give to brine is according to LAW N ° 29338, LAW OF WATER
To avoid a negative impact on the marine ecosystem by our dumping of brine; First, we give
you a treatment, such as PH adjustment; Then taking advantage of the speeds of the sea
currents, we expel the brine in a certain section of the final part of the discharge, which would
By carrying out this process we achieve that our brine discharge does not produce a negative
REGULATIONS
National and international rules are found in the chapter of annexes (4.0). Some examples
of these are:
• ASTM D 3505 – 96: Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of
Pure Liquid Chemicals
This test method describes a simplified procedure for the measurement of density or
relative density of pure liquid chemicals for which accurate temperature expansion
functions are known. It is restricted to liquids having vapor pressures not exceeding
600 mm Hg (0.8 atm) at the equilibration temperature, and having viscosities not
exceeding 15 cSt at 20°C (60°F).
• ASTM E 200 – 97 (Reapproved 2001) Standard Practice for preparation,
Standardization, and Storage of Standard and reagent Solutions for Chemical
Analysis
This practice covers procedures for the preparation, standardization, and storage of
the standard volumetric solutions and reagent testing solutions commonly used in
chemical analysis.
5. SCHEDULES
The activities program are the schedules. These were prepared in order to make the scoping
study.
This Project is focus on the mil plant, desalination plant and reagent plant so each plant has
a Schedule. We made a specific document with the details of the schedule of each plant. In
addition, a summary is represented in the Final Report in the chapter 4.6. This summary also
concentrator schedule.
• Crushing has an operational time of six days per week, 2 shift per day and 6 hours
• Grinding has an operational time of 7 days per week, 2 shift per day and 12 hours
• Finally, concentration has an operational time similar of grinding of 7 days per week,
2 shift per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%. All these
information are more detailed in the document Schedule of Rosario Mill Plant.
For the reagent plant, there are eight plants and each one has their own schedule.
• The lime plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work shift per day and
• The xanthate plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work shift per day
• The aerofloat 238 plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work shift per
• The aeropromoter 3501 plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work
shift per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%.
• The carboxymethyl cellulose plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1
work shift per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%.
• The sodium sulphide plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work shift
per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%.
• The sodium silicate plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1 work shift
per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%.
• The methyl isobutyl carbonyl plant has an operational time of 7 days per week, 1
work shift per day and 12 hours per shift with and availability of 93%. All these
information are more detailed in the document Schedule of Rosario Reagent Plant.
The desalination plant has also an own schedule that are more detailed in the document