ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Prof. Arbab Abdul Wadood

Brig. Muhammad Aleem
Brig.(R) Javaid Usman Rao
Maj.Maria Mushtaq Gill
Lt. Col.(R) Aziz-Ur- Rehman Kakar
Lt. Col. (R) Ali Mehdi
Dr.Hanif Khilji
Dr.Fatima Rizwan

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Brig. (R) Javaid Usman Rao
Brig. Salman Saleem
Brig.(R) Saleem Ullah Lashari
Brig. Muhammad Amir
Maj. Maria Mushtaq Gill

DESIGNED BY:

Khurram Ali (Asst : Manager Publication)

Sajjad Hussain (Graphics Designer)
Naveed Babar (Graphics Designer)
 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

TABLE OF CONTENT

About QIMS 4
Vision / Mission / Goal

Program for Scientific Symposium 2017 5

Messages 6

Patron-in- Chief 7
Organizing Chief 8
Head of Scientific Committee 9

Abstracts 10
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Among Patients Reporting To CMH Quetta 11
Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas Species- A Challenge 12

Frequency And Outcome Of Low Birth Weight Babies In CMH Quetta 13

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In The Victims Of Terrorism 14
Comparative Study Of Emotional Intelligence 15

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Correct Usage Of Contact Lens In QIMS And CMH 16
Knowledge And Usage Of Medical Applications In Students Of QIMS 17

Knowledge Attitude And Practices Among Barbers Of Quetta Regarding Hepatitis B And C 18
Consanguinity; A Major Risk Factor For Beta Thalassemia Major 19
Audit Of Bone Marrow Examination At CMH Quetta 20
Incidence And Causes Of Caesarean Section In Combined Military Hospital Quetta 21
Causes And Awareness About Hazards Of Smoking Among Medical Students Of QIMS 22
Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Patients Reporting To CMH, Quetta 23
Frequency And Causes Of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending CMH, Quetta 24

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

ABOUT QIMS

VISION

To emerge as a distinguished center of excellence in healthcare and medical

education, encouraging and disseminating research and patient care,
recognized for empowering its students and faculty and producing physicians of
excellence engaged in providing outstanding medical care and services.

MISSION

To lead Pakistan towards international quality of healthcare standards by

educating and inspiring individuals to be exemplary physicians and researchers in
medicine, scholars in discovery, and adopters of innovative technology to
improve the health and well-being of all.

GOALS

QIMS aims to produce world-class doctors, who are motivated to serve the
humanity selflessly, to stay abreast with scientific development and compete
nationally and internationally in community of doctors, specialists, researchers and
medical scientists. For this purpose, rich and supportive environment enables the
students to actively pursue their educational goals.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

QIMS 2nd Undergraduate Scientific Symposium 2017

Theme Undergraduate Research– Stepping Stone to a

Better Medical Care
Date: 22-05-2017
Timing: 9:00 hrs -11:30 hrs
Parton-In Chief Prof. Arbab Abdul Wadood (Principal QIMS)
Chief Organizer Brig Muhammad Aleem
Chief Guest AHMED FAROOQ BAZAI, VC BUITEMS
Venue MULTI PURPOSE HALL, QIMS
Jury Brig. Nadeem ul Haq, Col Adnan Khalid, Dr.Zehra (MPH)

Program for Scientific Symposium 2017

Scientific Program Tilawat-e Quran 05 Min

National Anthem 05 Min
Welcome Address 10 Min
Plenary lectures (12 Min Each + 03 Min for Q & A)
Scientific Session (8 Speakers- 7-8 min each)
Jury Decision 10 Min
Closing Remarks 10min
Awards Cermony

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

Messages
MESSAGE FROM PATRON

MESSAGE FROM CHIEF ORGANIZER

MESSAGE FROM THE HEAD OF SCIENTIFIC

COMMITTEE

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

MESSAGE FROM THE PATRON-IN-CHIEF

Professor. Arbab Abdul Wadood

“Much of outcomes research is a systematic attempt to exploit what is known

and make it better”.
Kevin Kelly

It is a matter of great privilege for me to write a message as the patron-in-chief of QIMS

2nd Undergraduate Scientific Symposium, 2017. QIMS not only focuses on excellent
medical education and discipline but also on personality development of its students by
arranging various co-curricular and extracurricular activities. This scientific symposium in
continuation to last year is yet another achievement for inculcating the research culture
amongst the medical students of Balochistan.
The symposium will provide a forum for our students where they will not only share their
research experiences but also learn to effectively communicate and participate in
healthy scientific discussions. This will help them keep pace with the ever growing
scientific world and make their mark in their respective fields both nationally and
internationally.
I also congratulate our students and their able supervisors for participating in the 1 st
Undergraduate Scientific Symposium last year and then in Surgeon General
International Conference 2017 in Rawalpindi this year.
I, as Patron-in-chief of this symposium welcome all the dignitaries from both civil and
Armed Forces’ Institutes to this symposium. Their presence is a source of encouragement
for our young researchers. I also want to congratulate all the organizers, members of
scientific committee, students and their supervisors who have worked day and night to
make this symposium possible.

Congratulations and Best Wishes.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

MESSAGE FROM ORGANIZING CHIEF

Brig. Muhammad Aleem

“Research is formalized curiosity. It is poking and prying with a Purpose. ”

Zora Neale Hurston

I am extremely honored to organize the QIMS 2nd Undergraduate Scientific Symposium

2017. Since its inception, QIMS has been continuously striving for providing its students
best medical education in the best environment. The vision behind this symposium was
not only to inculcate in our students a scientific approach of thinking but to provide
them with a forum where they can present their work and become a source of
inspiration for their fellows. Scientific Symposium has become landmark in the
co-curricular activities of the Institute. One of the student participated in Surgeon
General International Conference 2017 held at Rawalpindi and secured 2nd position
amongst 30 research papers presented. This clearly speaks of the motivation,
presentation skills and research material being presented by the students.
I congratulate the student, her supervisor and faculty on this achievement.
1st Scientific Symposium was held last year and 9 students presented their papers.
This year 14 groups are participating in this symposium. 6 students are participating in
Research Paper Posters and 8 students will be presenting research papers in this session.
The published research articles of our young researchers will not only help them in
getting residencies at better places but also better jobs. I want to congratulate all the
researchers and their supervisors for planning, conducting and then presenting their
research in this symposium.

“Research is what I'm doing when I don't know what I'm doing”. Wernher von Braun

We welcome our distinguished guests and thank them for being part of this symposium.
In the end I would like to thank all the members of organizing committee, scientific
committee and everyone who has been working day and night to make this event a
success.

Thank you and Best wishes.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

MESSAGE FROM THE HEAD OF SCIENTIFIC

COMMITTEE

Brig. ® JAVAID USMAN RAO

“Scientific research involves going beyond the well-trodden and well-tested

ideas and theories that form the core of scientific knowledge. During the time
scientists are working things out, some results will be right, and others will be
wrong. Over time, the right results will emerge.”
Lisa Randall

I feel highly honored and extremely delighted to be the head of the scientific
Committee of the QIMS 2nd Undergraduate Scientific Symposium, 2017. The desire of the
students to learn, experience and make their mark always gives a new life to my passion
to teach and to see them grow. Scientific research is the best way of learning,
experiencing and then making mark by publication.
From the time I joined QIMS I wanted to see my students achieve best standards in
academics and research. Scientific symposium has laid down the foundation for
inculcating the culture among undergraduate students to think scientifically. It is a proof
of the fact that our students are no less than any other institute, which they have shown
while participating in the Surgeon General International Conference held at
Rawalpindi.

The current event has grown up from 9 research papers in 1st session to 14 research
papers this year which shows the resolve of the faculty and students to make them
parallel to the graduates from the other renowned world institutes.
My special thanks to the Principal QIMS, Prof. Dr. Arbab Abdul Wadood and Comdt
QIMS, Brig. Muhammad Aleem for their vision and for providing all the support. I would
also like to thank Maj. Maria Mushtaq Gill and all other member of scientific committee
for their cooperation as a team. I would also like to congratulate all the students who
are presenting their papers and their supervisors for making this event a success.

Thank you and Best Wishes.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY AMONG PATIENTS REPORTING TO CMH QUETTA

MULTIDRUG RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES- A CHALLENGE

FREQUENCY AND OUTCOME OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES IN CMH QUETTA

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN THE VICTIMS OF TERRORISM

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF CORRECT USAGE OF CONTACT LENS IN QIMS AND CMH

KNOWLEDGE AND USAGE OF MEDICAL APPLICATIONS IN STUDENTS OF QIMS

KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG BARBERS OF QUETTA REGARDING HEPATITIS B & C

CONSANGUINITY; A MAJOR RISK FACTOR FOR BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR

AUDIT OF BONE MARROW EXAMINATION AT CMH QUETTA

INCIDENCE AND CAUSES OF CAESAREAN SECTION IN COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL QUETTA

CAUSES AND AWARENESS ABOUT HAZARDS OF SMOKING AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF QIMS

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PATIENTS REPORTING TO CMH, QUETTA

FREQUENCY AND CAUSES OF ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING COMBINED

MILITARY HOSPITAL QUETTA

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY AMONG PATIENTS

REPORTING TO CMH QUETTA

Authors: Sania Altaf, Mohammad Ali Yousuf

Abstract Objective: To determine the magnitude and clinical

features of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Combined Military
Hospital (CMH) Quetta

Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional study

Place and Duration: Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Quetta from 1 st November 2016 to 30th
April 2017

Material and Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients with ages above 30yrs were included in the study
while cigarette smokers and alcoholics were excluded. Data of the patients regarding clinical
features and treatment was collected and analyzed. Frequencies and percentages were
calculated for the gender, clinical features, complications and treatment status of the patients.

RESULTS: Out of a total of 164 diabetic patients, 35 (21%) developed peripheral neuropathy.
Fifty four percent of these were males while 46% were females. The predominant age group
developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 60-69 yrs. The predominant clinical presentation
of diabetic peripheral neuropathy were burning (n=21, 62%), numbness (n= 20, 59%), tingling
(n=10, 30%) and pain (n=10, 30%). Seventy seven percent of the patients were managed by oral
hypoglycemic followed by quack medication (16%), combination of oral hypoglycemic and
insulin (4%) and insulin alone (3%). The predominant complications were gangrene (23%) and
ulcers (8.5%).

CONCLUSION: The frequency of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 21% with 54% males and
predominant age group of 60-69 yrs. The commonest clinical features were burning and
numbness while the predominant complications were gangrene and ulcer.

KEYWORDS: Diabetes. Gangrene. Peripheral Neuropathy. Type 2 Diabetes

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

MULTIDRUG RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES

A CHALLENGE.

Authors: Rabia Nasir Kakar, Razmia Ashraf, Maria Mushtaq

Gill, Javaid Usman Rao

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency and

antibiogram of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas
species among the infected patients reporting to
Combined Military Hospital Quetta (CMH QTA) Laboratory
and to recommend measures for the prevention of their spread.
Study Design: Descriptive, Cross sectional
Place and Duration: Department of Pathology, CMH QTA from 1st January 2016 to 31st
December 2016
Material and Methods: Routine clinical specimens of both indoor and outdoor patients,
received in Department of Pathology, CMH QTA were subjected to standard
microbiological procedures for species identification. One hundred and two
Pseudomonas species isolated from the specimens were subjected to Modified Kirby
Bauer Disc Diffusion Method to determine their antibiogram. The isolates of
Pseudomonas species resistant to at least three anti-pseudomonal drugs were termed
as MDR. The frequencies of the MDR Pseudomonas species were determined out of
total 102 Pseudomonas species. The frequencies and percentages of the clinical
specimens, wards and the antibiotic sensitivities of the MDR Pseudomonas species were
determined.
Results: The frequency of MDR Pseudomonas species was found to be 75% among the
patients reporting to CMH QTA laboratory. These MDR isolates were most susceptible to
Polymyxin B. They were isolated from male patients in 91% cases. Pus swabs (44%) and
tracheal secretions (17%) were the most common clinical specimens while intensive
care units (40%) were the most common wards from which they were isolated.
Conclusion: Seventy five percent of the isolated Pseudomonas species were MDR. They
showed highest susceptibility to Polymyxin-B. Proper education of staff and adoption of
strict aseptic measures may help reduce the spread of these resistant isolates.
Key Words: Antibiogram. Multi-drug resistant. Pseudomonas species.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

FREQUENCY AND OUTCOME OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES IN

CMH QUETTA.

Authors: Sajjad Hussain, Sher Mohammad, Arfa Nawaz,

Kalsoom Taaj, Shahida Jogezai, Sanober Rasheed,
Major Sajid Ali Shah
Abstract Objectives: To determine the frequency and
outcome of low birth weight babies in Combined Military
Hospital, Quetta.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional
Place and Duration of Study: Neonatal intensive care unit, Combined Military Hospital
Quetta (CMH QTA) from April 2016 to September 2016.
Material and Methods: All the babies with birth weight of < 2.5kg were included in the
study. The babies were categorized into low birth weight, very low birth weight and
extremely low birth weight. The frequency and percentage of each type of low birth
weight babies, genders, mode of delivery, outcome, complications and mortality were
calculated.
Results: Out of a total of 898 babies born during the period of study, 148 cases (16%)
were reported as low birth weight. Fifty four percent were males while 46% were
females. Seventy percent deliveries were by caesarian section. Mortality rate was found
to be 9% among the low birth weight babies. The predominant complications seen in
these babies were neonatal sepsis and neonatal jaundice, followed by respiratory
distress syndrome, Transient tachypnea of newborn, upper respiratory tract infections,
fits, and birth asphyxia.
Conclusion: The frequency of low birth weight babies was 16% in our set up. Although a
spectrum of complications were seen in these babies but the survival rate of was found
to be 91%. Early recognition of the risk factors predisposing to low birth weight babies
with proper antenatal care may help reduce the associated mortality and morbidity.
Key Words: Extremely low birth weight. Low birth weight. mortality. Neonatal sepsis

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN THE VICTIMS OF

TERRORISM

Author: Mahnoor Khalid, Mansoor Mustafa

Objective: To study the rate of post traumatic stress disorder

among the victims of terrorism in Quetta.

Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive

Setting of study: Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences and terrorism victims from
different areas of Quetta, from 1st April to 20th April 2017
Material and methods: Fifty victims of terrorism including lawyers, businessmen,
shop-keepers, students of BUIEMS and Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University Quetta
were included in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire containing queries about
the effects of terrorist attacks on the lives of victims and their families, was distributed
among the participants. The data was analyzed after the questionnaires were filled.
Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the gender, occupation, the stress
disorder and clinical features.
Result: Ninety percent of the participants were males. Fifty percent were lawyers, 20%
were students and 15% were each business men and shop keepers. Seventy six percent
of the participants developed symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder, 20%
developed depression while 4% remained unaffected. Majority of them developed
symptoms of loss of interest, insomnia, avoidance and anger outbursts. Only 3% seeked
help from a psychiatrist.
Conclusion: Seventy six percent of the victims of terrorism under study were suffering
from post traumatic stress disorder. The commonest symptoms were found to be loss of
interest, avoidance, insomnia and anger outbursts. The problems of the victims must be
realized and they must be encouraged to seek help from a psychiatrist.
Key words: Post traumatic stress disorder. Psychiatrist. Terrorism. Traumatic effects.
Victim.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

Authors: Abdullah Rehmat, Ahmad Hussain, Umer Farooq,

Hira Ali, Sapphira Shahzad, Mansoor Mustafa

Abstract Objective: To assess and compare emotional

quotient of doctors and general population.

Study design: Comparative cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration: Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences, Combined Military Hospital,
Quetta & Civil departments from 1st April to 30th April 2017.
Material and Methods: This survey was carried out over 80 participants including 40
Doctors and 40 individuals from general Population. Instrument Teique-sf which includes
30 items 15 facets and 4 factors was used. It was 5 minute written questionnaire.
Emotional quotient of each participant was calculated online on website of London
psychometric laboratory. Four factors determined in this survey were well being,
self-control, emotionality and sociality. The mean of these factors yielded emotional
quotient. The comparison between the emotional quotient and the four factors of
doctors and general population was done by using t-test and p-values were
determined.
Results: The mean age of participants was 27.5 ±0.5 yrs. Forty-six percent of the
participants were females while fifty-four percent were males. The emotional quotient of
doctors was 4.87±0.65 and general population was 4.69±0.67 with (p-value: 0.214). Well
Being of Doctors was 5.50±0.88 and general population was 5.18±0.99 (p-value: 0.126).
Self-Control of doctors was 4.55±1.007 and general population was 4.47±0.703 (p-value:
0.676). Emotionality of doctors was 4.83±0.944 and general population was 4.45±0.862
(p- value: 0.067). Sociality of doctors was 4.38±0.986 and general population was
4.50±0.930 (p-value: 0.574).
Conclusion: The emotional quotient of doctors was found to be higher than the general
population but the difference was not found statistically significant.
Key words: Emotional intelligence, self-control, significant level, Teique-sf.,

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF CORRECT USAGE

OF CONTACT LENS IN QIMS AND CMH

Authors: Sammon Khan Tareen, Rukhsar Anwar, Mehwish

Sanaullah, Minna Luni, Shiza Rahman, M .Ali ,
Shafiq Ur Rahman, Amjad Akram.
Abstract Objectives: To determine the knowledge, attitude and
practice of correct usage of contact lens in Quetta Institute of
Medical Sciences and Combined Military Hospital, Quetta and
the rate of associated infections.

Study design: Cross Sectional Study

Place and Duration: Ophthalmology out-patient department of Combined Military Hospital,
Quetta and Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences from 1st April to 30th September 2016.
Material and Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was developed on the basis of Contact
Lens Care Guidelines of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and distributed among 50
students of Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences and 50 patients of Ophthalmology out-patient
department of Combined Military Hospital, Quetta. The frequencies and percentages of the
gender and the information about proper lens care practice, compliance, types of infection
and any complications due to improper hygiene practice was calculated.
Result: Eighty seven percent of the participants were females. Seventy five percent of the
participants were using contact lenses for aesthetic reasons while 25% for myopia. Eighty two
percent were practicing strict hand hygiene. Forty nine percent of the participants developed
infections while 51% did not. Twenty seven percent developed Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, 10%
bacterial keratitis while 3.43% were unaware of the type of infection. The main predisposing risk
factor for infections was found to be non-compliance (61%). Fifty one percent complained of
dryness, 19% redness, while 8% had no symptoms.
Conclusion: Noncompliance of the contact lens users was the major reason of infections.
They should be instructed to contact their practitioner incase of any symptom to prevent
complications and instructed for yearly follow-up.
Keywords: Contact lens. Non-compliance. Poor handling

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

KNOWLEDGE AND USAGE OF MEDICAL APPLICATIONS IN

STUDENTS OF QIMS

Authors: Naila kakar, khizer Afaq, Irfan ullah kakar,

Saleem ullah Lashari
Abstract Objective: To assess knowledge and usage of Medical
Applications in students of Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences
(QIMS).

Study design: Descriptive; cross-sectional

Place and Duration: Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences from 1st April to 30th September 2016.
Material and Methods: A total of 100 students of QIMS (20 randomly selected students from each
year) were included in the study. A structured questionnaire including queries about knowledge
of medical applications, frequency of usage and facilities provided at institutional level were
distributed among the participants. After being filled, the data was analyzed. Frequencies and
percentages of gender and age of participants and responses to queries of questionnaire were
calculated.
Results: Out of 100 students, 50 were females and 50 were males. Ninety seven percent owned
smart phones. Fourteen percent had knowledge about medical applications. Eighty five percent
knew the procedure of downloading applications. Forty three percent had attended workshops
regarding medical applications. Thirty three percent found use of clinical examination related
applications very useful, 31% anatomy applications while 29% found pharmaguide useful to
them. Thirty five percent had been guided in QIMS about medical applications. Fifty seven
percent were using mobile data, 33% Wifi and 6% were using EVO for internet connection.
Eighty five percent demanded free Wifi availability while 12% asked for workshops in order to
increase the use of medical applications among medical students.
Conclusion: Use of Medical Apps is common in QIMS students. Non-usage is due to lack of
awareness and difficulty in internet access. Use can be enhanced by workshops, free Wifi
availability and assignments.
Key words: Awareness. Frequency. Medical Apps. Workshops

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG BARBERS OF

QUETTA REGARDING HEPATITIS B & C

Authors: Mariam Liaquat, Mashal Latif, Amna Iftikhar, Nayab Afzal,

Aiza Farhat, Sajid Hussain, Fida Hussain, Saleemullah Lashari.

Abstract Objective: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude

and practices among barbers of Quetta regarding Hepatitis B
and C.

Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional.

Place and Duration of Study: Barber shops of different areas of Quetta from 1st May 2016 to 30th
November 2016.

Material and Methods: The survey was conducted on 50 barbers. They were interviewed with the
help of a questionnaire regarding hand washing, sterilization of instruments, use and disposal of
the blades and vaccination status of the barbers. The data was analysed after the
questionnaires were filled. During the interview, the practices of the barbers were noted. Age
range of the participants was calculated. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the
barbers practicing hand washing, proper sterilization and re-use of blades.

Results: Out of a total 50 participants, all were males. Ages ranged from 15 to 65 years. Seventy
percent of the barbers had awareness about Hepatitis B and C while 60% were vaccinated for
hepatitis B. Ninety percent of the participants cleaned razors with antiseptic while 95% used
separate blade for each client.

Conclusion: The analysis revealed that majority of the participants were unaware about proper
methods of disinfection of the instruments, mode of transmission and preventive measures
against Hepatitis B and C. Vaccination against hepatitis B and awareness campaign against
HCV may help to reduce their incidence and spread by barbers.

Key Words: Attitude. Hepatitis B. Hepatitis C. Knowledge. Barber

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

CONSANGUINITY; A MAJOR RISK FACTOR FOR BETA

THALASSEMIA MAJOR

Authors: Syed Kaleemullah Gillani, Mohammad Abdullah,

Haroon Ahmed, Shahana Rehman, Mudassir iqbal.

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of cousin

marriages in parents of children with thalassemia major.

Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place and duration: Fatimid foundation, Quetta from July 2016 to December 2016.

Material and Methods: All the patients with thalassemia major reporting to Fatimid foundation
were included in the study. The purpose of study was explained to the patients and parents.
Informed consent was obtained from parents of children participating in the study. The data was
collected regarding age, gender, consanguinity, iron-chelation therapy, thalassemic siblings and
residence of the patients. Data was analyzed using excel software. Frequency and percentages
were calculated for gender, consanguinity, residence and thalassemic siblings.

Results: Sixty percent of the patients were males while 40% were females. Eighty two percent of
them were born to consanguineous couples. Twenty percent of the patients were siblings.
Seventy nine percent of them belonged to Quetta while the rest were from Noushki, Kuchlak,
Ziarat, Sibi, Loralai and Zhob. All of them were taking desferrioxamine as iron chelator. Twenty
three percent of the patients were less than 5 years old, 39 % where 5 to nine years of age, 22 %
were 10 to 14 years old, 0.1% were 15 to 19 years of age while 16% were of age 20 and above.

Conclusion: The high rate of consanguinity in local culture has been the major cause of
thalassemic population of Quetta and adjacent areas. Use of media for public awareness may
help reduce the number of babies born with thallassemia major.

Keywords: Thalassemia major. Consanguinity. Iron-chelation

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

AUDIT OF BONE MARROW EXAMINATION AT CMH QUETTA.

Authors: Murad Ali Khan, Sagheer Hussain, Farwa Jaffar,

Aqsa Asif, Muhammad Luqman Butt.

Abstract Objective: To review the results of Bone marrow

aspiration and trephine biopsies performed over a period of
one year at Combined Military Hospital, Quetta.

Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study

Setting of Study: Department of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta from
January 2016 to December 2016.
Material and Methods: All patients who underwent bone marrow aspiration or trephine
biopsy at CMH Quetta were included in the study. Following aseptic measures, bone
marrow aspiration was done as per standard protocol from posterior superior iliac spine
or anteromedial aspect of tibia and 1CC of aspirate was obtained. Slides were
prepared, stained with Leishman stain and special stains were used for leukemia. After
examination of the slides, diagnoses were made. Data was analyzed. Age range of the
patients was determined. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the
gender, types of the hematological and non-hematological disorders.
Result: Bone marrow aspiration of a total of 57 patients was carried out. Age of the
patients ranged from 15 months to 75 years. There were 46 (80.7%) males and 11 (19.3%)
female patients. Nutritional anemia was found to be the most common (31.4%)
non-malignant hematological disorder in our patients, with predominance of
megaloblastic anemia (19.6%) followed by iron deficiency anemia (11.7%). Among the
malignant hematological disorders, acute myeloid leukemia (13.7%) was most common
with predominance in middle and later age groups.
Conclusion: Predominant benign hematological finding on bone marrow examination
was nutritional anemia while among the hematological malignancies acute myeloid
leukemia was the most frequent disorder.
Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Benign. Bone Marrow Aspiration. Hematologic
Disorders. Malignant

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

INCIDENCE AND CAUSES OF CAESAREAN SECTION IN

COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL QUETTA

Authors: Nahida Safdar, Mehvish Mandokhail, Shakila Aziz Panezai,

Naila Nazir, Qazi Mohammad Huzaifa, Sanaullah, Saleemullah
Lashari

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the frequency and causes of

caesarean section in Combined military hospital Quetta (CMH
QTA) and to recommend measures for prevention of unnecessary
caesarian sections.

Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study.

Place and duration: Department Of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital,
Quetta (CMH QTA), from April 2016 to September 2016.

Material and methods: A semi structured questionnaire was distributed among 100 participants
which included queries about patients’ knowledge about caesarian section. Data about the
mode of delivery and the causes of caesarian section were also collected. Data was analyzed.
Frequencies and percentages were calculated for mode of delivery, indications of caesarian
section and satisfaction on the decision of caesarian section.
RESULTS: Sixty four percent of deliveries were by caesarian section, 35% were simple vaginal
deliveries, 0.5% were vacuum deliveries while 0.1% were forceps deliveries. The commonest
indications were previous caesarean section (30%), failure to progress (28%), breech
presentation (19%) and fetal distress (14%). Ninety five percent of the participants were satisfied
by the decision of caesarian section. Ninety nine believed that caesarian section did not affect
their bonding with baby. Eighty four percent were advised caesarian by health care
professionals. The main reasons being Low level skills of primary care providers and that tertiary
care hospitals usually receive complicated cases.
CONCLUSION: Caesarean section rate is 64% in our set up. Unnecessary caesarian sections can
be prevented by education of the mothers and primary health care professionals. Moreover
early booking during pregnancy can also help to early diagnose and manage complications of
pregnancy which may lead to caesarian sections.

Key Words: Caesarean Section. Delivery. Indications. Recommendations

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

CAUSES AND AWARENESS ABOUT HAZARDS OF SMOKING

AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF QIMS.

Authors: Abdul Wali, Rizwan Jellani, Rabiya Basri, Sana

Ambreen, Zunehra Fatima, Sitara Saif, Ayesha Sahrosh

Abstract Objectives: To assess the causes and awareness

about the hazards of smoking among the medical students
of Quetta Institute of Medical sciences and to suggest
measures for its prevention.
Study design: Descriptive cross sectional
Place and Duration of Study: Quetta Institute of Medical sciences, from June 2016 to
Nov 2016.
Material and Methods: A total of 120 male students were included in the study. A semi
structured questionnaire including queries about age of smoking, types of smoking,
forms of smoking, reasons for starting smoking and the reasons for quitting was
distributed among all students. The data was then collected and analyzed.
Results: Out of 120 students 30% were daily smokers, 45% were occasional smokers and
25% were ex-smokers. Sheesha was the predominant form of smoking in our study.
Twenty five percent students started smoking to cope stress, 30% did so under the
influence of company while 11% considered it glamorous. The mean age of the current
smokers were found to be 19 to 28 years. Seventy two percent smokers wanted to quit
smoking mostly due to the knowledge about its adverse effects (44%) and family
restrictions (33%).
Conclusion: Most of the participants of the study were occasional smokers. The
commonest causes of smoking were stress, pleasure and company. Institutional and
parent supervision may help reduce prevalence of smoking.

Key Words: Addiction. Environment. Smoking. Stress.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED TO

CMH, QUETTA

Authors: Tahreem Khalid, Lt. Col Mohd Ali Yousaf

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of

pulmonary tuberculosis among patients reporting to
Combined Military Hospital Quetta and to recommend measures
for its prevention.

Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional

Place and Duration: Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Quetta, from
November 2016 to April 2017

Material and Methods: Pulmonary tuberculosis patients above 15 years of age admitted to
medical wards of CMH Quetta were included in the study. Data regarding clinical symptoms like
fever, cough and headache, frequency of tuberculosis, gender, age, treatment course and
outcome was recorded and analyzed. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for
tuberculosis, gender, treatment course and outcome.

Results: Out of a total of 650 patients admitted in medical wards, 47 had active pulmonary
tuberculosis. Fifty five percent were males while 45% were females. The commonest symptoms
were low grade fever and productive cough. Eighty three percent patients took complete
treatment course comprising isoniazid and rifampicin for six months while ethambutol and
pyrazinamide for the first two months only. Vitamin B6 was given throughout the course of
treatment. Seventeen percent either left the treatment in between or died. Eighty nine percent
patients remained alive while 11% died of tuberculosis.

Conclusion: Frequency of tuberculosis in our set up was 7% and predominantly in males. Early
diagnosis and treatment with droplet precautions may help reduce the burden of tuberculosis in
our set up.

Key Words: Diagnosis. Frequency. Treatment. Tuberculosis.

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 QIMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM 2017

FREQUENCY AND CAUSES OF ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT

WOMEN ATTENDING COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL QUETTA

Authors: Sobia Mariam, Mansoor Ahmed Khan, Suffaiya Hayye,

Batoura Siddique, Abdul Rehman, Naeema Gul

Abstract Objective: To determine the frequency of anemia in

pregnancy, to identify its causes and to recommend measures for
prevention of anemia in pregnancy.

Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study

Place and Duration: Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences and Combined Military Hospital (CMH
QTA) from May 2016 to November 2016.

Material and Methods: A total of 100 outdoor and admitted patients were included in the study.
A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on causes and frequency of anemia
in pregnancy and measures taken to prevent the occurrence of disease. The data was analyzed
after questionnaires were collected back.

Results: The study revealed that out of 100 patients, 55% were anemic and 45% non-anemic.
Fifty eight percent were suffering from mild anemia (Hemoglobin: 9-10.9 g/dl), 17% from
moderate anemia (Hemoglobin: 7-8g/dl) while 25% from severe anemia (Hemoglobin: 4-6.9g/dl).
The anemia was most frequent in illiterate women mounting to almost 43% while it was least in
those educated till matriculation (41%). Highest frequency of anemia was observed in women
with parity 3 (37.5%). Those with birth spacing of more than 3 years were non-anemic (45%).

Conclusion: The frequency of anemia among pregnant women was 55% which was more
common in illiterate and the women with multiparty. Proper education, birth spacing and timely
intake of supplements and good diet helps to reduce anemia.

Key Words: Anemia. Frequency. Illiteracy. Pregnancy

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