A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED

TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING THE KNOWLEDGE OF

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF HELMINTHIC INFESTATION AMONG THE
MOTHERS OF PRE SCHOOLER IN A.VELLODU IN DINDIGUL .

A DESERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE TAMILNADU DR.MGR

MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
IN NURSING.

GUIDE

MR.AROCKIA GERARD DAVASELAN,M.SC(N),

PROFESSOR,(DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICS),

SACRED HEART COLLEGE OF NURSING,

AUGUST 2018-2019

1
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that “A study to assess the effectiveness of
structured teaching programme, regarding the knowledge about harmful effects of
helminthic infestation among mother of preschooler at A.Vellodu in Dindigul.

This bonafide work done by,

Ms.X.JOSEPHINE DIANA, Ms.P.KALAIVANI,

Ms.A.KAMALI VISUVASAM, Ms.R.KARTHIKA,

Ms.M.KAVI VASUKI, Ms.M.KOWSALYA, Ms.C.LIDIYAL AARTHI,

Ms.J.LISHA ANTONY, Ms.M.MAHALAKSHMI, Ms.K.S.MAHESWARI,

Ms.S.MARIA JOSHI, Ms.A.MARIA NISHANTHINI,

Principal: Subject incharge:

Mrs.K.sumathy, M.Sc. (N). (Yoga) Mr.Arockia Gerard davaselan, M.Sc. (N),

Child Health Nursing, Asso.professor,

Sacred heart college of Nursing, Child Heath Nursing,

A.vellodu, Sacred Heart College Of Nursing,

Dindigul. A.vellodu, Dindigul.

Place: A.vellodu

2
 A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED
TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING THE KNOELEDGE OF
HELMINTHIC INFESTATION AMONG THE MOTHER OF
PRESCOOLER AT A.VELLODU IN DINDIGUL.

Project By,

Ms.X.Josephine Diana, Ms.C.Lidiyal Aarthi,

Ms.P.Kalaivani, Ms.J.Lisha Antony,

Ms.A.Kamali Visuvasam, Ms.M.Mahalakshmi,

Ms.R.Karthika, Ms.K.S.Maheswari,

Ms.M.Kavi vasuki, Ms.S.Maria Joshi,

Ms.M.Kowsalya, Ms.A.Maria Nishanthini,

GUIDE

MR.AROCKIA GERARD DAVASELAN, M.SC (N),

PROFESSOR, (DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICS),

SACRED HEART COLLEGE OF NURSING,

AUGUST 2018-2019

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First we thank our GOD ALMIGHTY, for giving us enough courage and strength
to take this project.

We owe great deal thanks to many who encouraged and supported us with their
valuable suggestion throughout.

Special acknowledgements are made with our heart full thanks to

REV.Sr.AMUTHA THEOS, SSHJ, who is the correspondent of sacred Heart College of Nursing
for the encouragement and spiritual support.

We extend our heart full and sincere thanks to Rev.Sr.ANTO SUJI, who is co-
ordinate and secretary of our Sacred Heart College of Nursing, A.Vellodu, Dindigul. For
prayer, kindness, guidance and continuous support to prepare this book.

We wish to express our sincere thanks to Rev.Sr.SELVA RANI, SSHJ, and

Administer of Sacred Heart College of Nursing for her encouragement and providing the
required facilities for the success completion of this study.

We especially thank our principal, professor.Mrs.K.SUMATHY, M.SC (N)

(pediatric nursing), M.SC (YOGA) for her support and encouragement to complete this project.

We express our gratitude with love of our research guide Mr.AROCKIA GERARD
DAVASELAN M.SC (N) PROFESSOR specially in pediatric nursing for his expert’s opinion,
guidance, hard work, interest and valuable suggestion, consistent help and inspiration during
studies as well as in preparing the illustration used in this research book.

We immensely thank Mrs.J.I.LANCY, M.SC (N), ASST.PROFESSOR, Medical

Surgical Nursing, Sacred Heart College of Nursing, for her consent support and guidance into
present form.

We extent our lovable thanks to Mrs. TAMIL SELVI , M.SC(N),ASST.

PROFESSOR, Community Health Nursing for her valuable support.

We express our gratitude to Mrs.R.SUDHA, M.SC (N), Mental Health Nursing,

Sacred Heart College of Nursing for her valuable support.

We express our thanks to all our faculties and librarian Mrs.FATHIMA JOSEPHINE
MARY, M.A, Sacred Heart College of Nursing, for their support and blessings for this study.

We record our sincere thanks to MR.I.K.LEO, M.SC, M.Ed., M.Phil. For his
excellent touch in the statistical analysis in this study.

We immensely thank all our teachers, sisters and friends who have inspired us to take
this especially of psychology and their enduring guidance throughout this venture.

4
 We express our heartfull gratitude to our LOVABLE PARENTS for their guidance,
blessings, strength wisdom and support throughout this endeavor.

We extend our thank to samples for their cooperation and involvement to success this
study.

We would like to acknowledgement the immense help and moral support extended to
us by our friends (KRENOVIANTZ) and to all of them who so ever prayed for our successful
completion of the project.

We would express our deep gratitude to our parents, sisters and brothers who lent
their support in accomplishing the task. We are blessed by their support.

No research dissertation can be completed without the unrelenting support of all those
good hearted people who have us tireless to make thesis a work a possible one.

Owing to the slips in our memory their might be the possibilities of having missed the
mention of many individuals, who directly and indirectly have stood up us, in this project.

Once again we express our hearty thanks to one and all.

5
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO CONTENTS PAGE NO
I INTRODUCTION
 Need for the study 1
 Statement of the problem 3
 Objectives of the study 4
 Hypothesis 5
 Operational definitions 5
 Assumptions 5
5
 Delimitations
6
 Conceptual framework
II 7
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 Studies related to incidence of helminthic 8
infestation
 Studies related to predisposing factors and causes 10
of helminthic infestation
 Studies related to management of helminthic 13
infestation
III METHODOLOGY
 Research approach 15
 Research design 15
 Setting of the study 15
 Population 15
 Sample size 15
 Sample technique 16
16
 Criteria of sample size
16
 Research tool and technique
17
 Description of the tool 17
 Data gathering process 17
 Plan for data analysis
IV ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF 18
DATA
DISCUSSION 27
V
VI SUMMARY,CONCLUSION,IMPLICATIONS
30
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 Summary
 Major findings of the study 33
 Conclusion
 Implication 34
 Limitation
 Recommendation
REFERENCES 42
VII APPENDICES 45

6
 LIST OF TABLE
COLUME NO CONTENT PAGE NO
1 Demographic profile of the preschool
mother. 19

2 Distribution of sample according to the

pretest and post test knowledge level. 23

Distribution of mean and standard

3
deviation of pre test &post test 25
knowledge level about helminthic
infestation among preschooler mother.

4 Association between the levels of

knowledge of selected demographic 26
variables.

7
 TABLE OF FIGURE
FIGURE NO CONTENTS PAGE NO
1 Conceptual framework based on 8
J.W.KENNY’S open system model.

Distribution of preschooler mothers

2 based on the age. 20

3 Distribution of preschooler mothers 21

based on the education.

4 Distribution of preschooler mothers 22

based on the occupation.

Distribution of preschooler mothers

5 based on the family income 23

6 Distribution of preschooler mother 26

pretest and posttest.

8
9
 CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION:
“Children are the wealth of tomorrow, take care of them if you wish to have a strong India,
ever ready to meet various challenges”.

-Jawaharlal Nehru

Children constitute a large section of the population in india.it has been a great challenge to the nation
to provide health, education and food to the children in below 12 years.

The formulative years of children has great risk of morbidity and mortality.in most cases, the
manifold childhood problems are interrelated and affect the growth and development of children. The
most common being infections, parasitic infestations&malnutrition.the magnitude of parasitic infestation
among children constitutes a major public health problem in many parts of the world.

In India, the infestation is particularly heavy in areas with worm damp climates with heavy rainfall,
as in the west coast.

Worm infestations have a close relationship with socio demographic & ecological factors like
poverty, illiteracy, poor personal hygiene. from the children the entire family may eventually get worms
& suffer.

Worm infestations are generally not noticed but can sometimes lead to significant problems which
affect organ system. Most of these are a result of unsanitary living conditions & poor food preparation.

In countries like India, these constitute an important public health problem as, anemia is caused by
hookworm infestation in significant number of children.

Dorothy R.Marlow, (2003)

Stated that the preschool age children are vulnerable (or) special risk in any population deserving
special health care because of their immaturity in the various stages of growth and development. The
preschooler children are the more prone to acquire some infection which is not in adult medical care
through their life span.

10
 NEED FOR THE STUDY:

“The day will come when nations will be judged not only by their military or economic strength, but
by the splendor of their level of health, nutrition&education”.

-progress of nations (1996)

And the time has come health, nutrition and education are the most important issues related to the
children. These issues are very closely interrelated and an unhealthy issues were malnourished child of
today will only contribute to unhealthy future of the country. Therefore most countries of the world
recognize this urgent need of providing health, nutrition and education of children

Worm infestation throw and additional burden on the rapidly growing child, particularly on those
children whose health status in already compromised in illness and malnutrition. In India the awareness
of parents and children about the mode of spread of various parasitic infestations and their impact on
health is poor. Hence they need to be taught about personal hygiene and ways to prevent intestinal
parasitic infestation and there by the impact of various aspects of health in children can be reduced.

There have been many studies on the incidence and prevalence of warm infestation, but limited
studies were conducted on awareness of warm infestation among mothers of pre-school age children in
rural area. Yet by improving health of pre-school age children is a crucial investment in the human
resources that will determine a nations future development. Hence the investigator is interested to assess
the knowledge of mothers particularly the pre-school age children who are more prone for warm
infestation.

Knowledge of the effects of ascariasis and ancylostomiasis helps the mothers of pre-school age
children in seeking treatment and also in prevention of the disease which results in better nutrition in
children and adults. Ascariasis is more common in children so they need to be made aware of the
harmful effects of warm infestation and its control.

Mothers could play a significant role in imparting health information to other mothers. Knowledge
and habit information regarding environmental sanitation and hygienic practices can helps reduce the
incidence of worm infestation.

11
 The mother must able to differentiate the minor and major problems of her children. The commonest
problems of the under five children may include malnutrition, upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea
and worm infestation. If the child is producted from worm infestation. This will minimize morbidity and
mortality of preschool age children.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED

TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING THE KNOWLEDGE OF HARMFUL
EFFECTS OF HELMINTHIC INFESTATION AMONG MOTHERS OF PRE
SCHOOLER AT A.VELLODU IN DINDIGUL.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

1. To assess the knowledge regarding worm infestation among the mother of preschooler.

2. To find out the association between the mothers knowledge on worm infestation and
demographic variables.

HYPOTHESES:

H1- there is a significant relationship between knowledge of mothers regarding worm

infestation.

H2-There is a significant association between level of knowledge of mothers and demographic

variables.

H3-There is a significant association between level of practices of mothers and variables.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:

Effectiveness:

It refers to the way, it produces the intended result are successful event.

In this study the effectiveness refers to the extent which the knowledge of helminthic
infestation.

12
 Knowledge:

Facts, information and skills acquired by a person through experience or education.

Worm infestation: It means worms such as round worms, pin worms and hook worms infest
human and live in their intestines which may cause deteriation of health status.

Mothers:

Women who have preschool age children.

Preschool age children:

Children between 3-5 years.

Health education card:

It refers to self-learning information prepared in Tamil on worm infestation.

ASSUMPTIONS:

The mothers may have inadequate knowledge regarding worm infestation and its
harmful effects.

The selected variables have influence on mother’s knowledge regarding worm

infestation.

The adequate knowledge and health practices of mothers regarding worm infestation
and its prevention lead to healthy life.

DELIMITATION:

The study was delaminated to the mother of preschooler.

The sample size is limited to 30 mothers.

The data collection period was 1 week.

PROJECTED OUTCOME:

The study will help the mothers to increase their,

13
  Knowledge on helminthic infestation
 This study will help to improve health status of the preschooler.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK:

J.W Kenny’s open system model:

This study was adapted conceptual framework based on J.W Kenny’s open system
model have varying degree of interaction with the environment from which the system receives
and gives back out in the form of matters, energy and information.

The main concept of the system model are input,throughput,output,feedback.In open

system theory input refers to matter, energy, through the boundary. Throughput refers to
processing where the system transforms the energy information that processed. After processing
the input the system return output (matter, energy and information) to environment response to
the systems. Output used by the system in adjustment, correction and accommodation to the
interaction with the environment.

In the study, before the structured teaching programmer there will be lack of knowledge
regarding helminthic infestation. The input will be conducting the step on helminthic infestation
for mothers. The throughput is the transformation of knowledge related to helminthic infestation
among preschooler mothers who practiced in step. The output will be given in the level of
knowledge measured by post test.

14
 ASSESSMENT INPUT THROUGHPUT OUTPUT

Demographic P P
Structured Process in
variables Given in level of
R teaching transmission of O knowledge
1. Age programme knowledge from
E S evidenced by
Was given researcher to the
2. Education improvement in
on preschooler
T T posttest level of
3. Family monthly helminthic mother on
knowledge
income E infestation helminthic E
infestation
4. Occupation S S

T T

FEED BACK

Figure 1: J.W Kenny’s open system

model

15
16
 CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The review of literature is an extensive, systemic selection of potential sources of
previous work, acquainted fact findings after securitizations and location of reference to the
problem under study.it id helpful in understudy .It is helpful in understanding and developing
insight into the selected problem under study.

SECTION: I Literature related to worm infestation.

SECTION: II Studies related to worm infestation.

SECTION: I Literature related to worm infestation:

Dorothy R.Marlow (2008):

The worms will not produce any heavy infections may cause loss of appetite, nausea,
diarrhea. In chronic cause prolapsed rectum can occur but it is not seen. Prevention of whip
worm night soil (feces) prevention of water against contamination, measures against
indiscriminate defecation.

Management for worm infestation mebendazole 50 mg for 3 days for children below 2years
and 100 mg for 3 days for children 2years and above.

Draggle (2006)

The common symptoms are loss of appetite, abdominal pain, presence of worm in the
vomitus and stool, pot belly abdomen and indigestion. The complication are intestinal
obstruction, pancreatitis. Diagnosis is easily made by microscopic examination of the stool. The
ova are oval shape (60-75 microns in length 40-50 microns in breadth when it is stained with bile
it looks golden color. This is confirmative diagnosis for worm infestation.

K.Ramasamy, (2004)

A study conducted in Hyderabad, India stating that when a person walks on the soil
containing infective larvae they are attached to man by this body terms. If a man walks with bare

17
foot, their infective larvae come in contact with the skin and penetrate into the skin and, usually
the soft skin between toes.

Talip V.H (2003)

A study in USA to determine the signs and symptoms of irritation and itching of the
perennial area, loss of sleep sometimes worms are seen around the rectum, the main
complication are itching of the extremities, vulvitis. The diagnosis is done by microscopic
examination of the stools. The ova are colorless measures about 52-60 microns.

Dr.G.K.Rathinasamy (2002)

A study in Mumbai, India T.Niclosamide dose 10-15mg/kg/day are a drug of choice

management of tape worm infestation is prevention includes measures against indiscriminate
defecation, proper disposal of night soil or feces proper cooking of the pork and beef, salting of
pork and beef about a fore night before use freezing of pork at 10 degree c-20 degree c.

SECTION II: Studies related to worm infestation:

Yedia S, Sen H.G Hote 2 P.G (2002)

A study conducted in India, stating the investigated an epidemiological study of

ancyclomiasis in rural area. Stool samples were collected from 256 study subjects from seven
villages of Kanpur district, the overall prevalence rate of hookworm infestation was found to be
34%.

M.Umarul farook (2001)

A study conducted in India, stating that investigated on intestinal helminthic infestation

among trible populations of kottor&achankovil areas in Kerala. The study population out of total
258 stool samples examined. Two areas were studied hookworm infestation was found to be
predominant (58.82%) achankovil remaining (41.1%) was due to only round worm, hook worm
(18.6%) among the environmental factors studied in relation to helminthic infestation the
practice of hand wash alone was found out to be statistically significant showing proper hand
wash reduces risk of infestations.

Paul et.al (2000)

18
 A study conducted in India, stating that carried out a study to determine the prevalence of
intestinal helminthic infestation among 217 preschool age children’s. The overall prevalence of
infection was 82% Ascariasis lumbicans was the most common infection with a prevalence of
75% followed by Trichuris Trichura 66% hook worm 9%.

V.A Rao, mc (Aggrawal 2000)

Conducted study in Delhi, India stating that investigated the intestinal parasitic infestations,
anemia and under nutrition among tribal adolescents of Madhya Pradesh. High Prevalence under
nutrition in terms of underweight (61.7%) stunting (51.7%) hand wasting32.8% was observed
81.2% were found anemic.

Okyay petal (2005)

A Study Conducted in Thailand, stating that studied the prevalence of intestinal parasitic
infection among 1-5 years old children and to identify associated socio-demographic and
environment factors. Children when the traditionally taught to wash anal area by hand.
Interventions are including the health education on personal hygiene to child & parents
especially to mothers to required.

Mascia-Taylor G, (1999)

Conducted study in Bangladesh stating that depicted the study of the cost effectiveness of
selective intervention for the control of intestinal parasites in rural bangaladesh.Health education
was aimed at increasing awareness of worm infestation and the transmission and disabilities
caused by intestinal parasites or helminthes. Simple ways to improving personal hygiene,
sanitation through hand washing, nail trimming, wearing of shoes and use of latrine and clean
water supplies were encouraged.

19
20
 CHAPTER-III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes the methodology followed to assess the effectiveness of structured
teaching programmer helminthic infestation among preschoolers. The chapter deals with
research design, setting, population, sample size, sampling technique, inclusive and exclusive
criteria for selection of sample, description of tools and data collection.

Research approach:

In this study, descriptive was adapted to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching programmer
on harmful effects of helminthic infestation among preschooler mothers.

Research design:

The research design that was used to achieve the objectives of the study is one group
pretest, post test quasi experimental design.

subject Pre test manipulation Post test

One group pre test 01 x 02
post test

Setting of the study:

The study was conducted at A.Vellodu in dindigul district.it is situated in 1 km away from our
college.

Population:

The target population of present study was mothers of preschooler. Who were residing at
A.Vellodu in dindigul district.

Sample size:

The sample size of the study was 30 mothers of preschooler children.

21
Sample technique:

The participant of present study was selected by purposive method.it a non-probability

sampling technique in which the researcher selected the participant based on the age of children.
Who were willing to participant in the study. The total number of 30 samples was selected by
using purposive sampling technique.

Criteria for sample size:

Inclusive criteria:

 Mother who are having preschooler children.

 Mother who are able to understand Tamil.
 Mothers who are willing to participate in this study.

Exclusive criteria:

 Mothers of pre-schooler children who were selected for conducting pilot study.
 Mothers who were unable to understand Tamil and English.
 Mothers having children more than 5 years.

Research tool technique:

It contains of one part demographic variables.

 Questionnaires.

Description of the tool:

The instruments used for the study has a one part demographic variables and questionnaires.

Part – 1 tool:

Questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of the mother’s which is comprised of 20
questions.

22
Data gathering process:

Before starting the research was conducted by obtaining permission from the village president
of A.Vellodu. After explaining the purpose of the study the verbal consent was obtained from the
selected was given to object, based on criteria.

The questionnaire was given to the sample the pretest knowledge of preschooler mother was
assessed, the sample were given 30 minutes to complete the present questionnaire. Teaching was
given to the sample after 7 days. The post test was conducted from the same sample.

Plan for data analysis:

After the data collection the collected data organized, tabulated, summarized and consalyzed.
The data were analyzed according to objectives of study by using quasi experimental and
inferative statistics.

Analysis of demographic data by frequency and percentage.

The square test was use to find out the association between the selected demographic
variables

“T” value was used for this study.

23
24
 CHAPTER-IV
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
DATA ANALYSIS:

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the data collected from 30
participants to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programmer regarding helminthic
infestation on knowledge of preschooler mother.

The objectives of the study were:

To assess the knowledge regarding helminthic infestation among the mother of preschooler.

To find out the association between the mother knowledge on worm infestation and
demographic variables.

Organization of the findings:

Section-1:

Demographic profile of helminthic infestation .It provides description of helminthic

infestation (frequency and percentage description) based on the demographic variables, such as
age, education, family monthly income, occupation.

Section-2:

It deals with the pre test and post test knowledge about helminthic infestation among
preschooler mothers.

Section-3:

It explains about the association of pre test of knowledge and selected demographic
variable of preschooler mother.

25
 SECTION-1

DEMOGRAPHICAL PROFILE OF PRESCHOOLER MOTHERS:

This section deals with the characteristics of preschooler mother of demographic

variables, such as age, education, family monthly income and occupation.

Table-1:

Frequency and percentage distribution of preschooler mothers on their variables in experimental

group.

Demographic variables Frequency percentage

1. Age
a)20-25yrs 12 40%
b)25-30yrs 08 26.7%
c)30-35yrs 10 33.3%
2. Education
a)illiterate 02 6.7%
b)high school 20 66.6%
c)college 08 26.7%
3. Family monthly
income 08 26.7%
a)25,000 21 70%
b)below 10,000 01 3.3%
c)above 50,000
4. occupation
a)house wife 27 90%
b)teacher 02 6.7%
c)office worker 01 3.3%

26
Table – 1:
It predicts that age of preschooler mother between 20-25yrs (40%), between 25-30yrs (26.7%),
between 30-35yrs (33.3%)

Regarding education of preschooler mother illiterate (6.7%), high school (26.7%), college
(66.6%)

Regarding family income of preschooler mothers 25,000(26.7%), below 10,000(70%), above

50,000 (3.3%)

Regarding occupation of preschooler mother house wife (90%), teachers (6.7%), office worker
(3.3%).

27
 26.7%

33.3%
40%

Keys
20-25yrs

30-35yrs

25-30yrs

Frequency distribution and percentage related to age

28
70.00%

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%
Category 1

Keys
Illiteracy
High school
College

Frequency distribution and percentage related to education

29
 3.3%

26.7%
70%

Keys
Below 10,000

Above 50,000

25,000

Frequency distribution related to family income

30
100.00%

90.00%

80.00%

70.00%

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Keys
Office workers

Teacher

House wife

Frequency distribution related to occupation

31
Table-2:
Distribution of preschooler mothers according to the pre test and post test levels of
knowledge.

Pre test Post test

Level of knowledge

F % F %
Inadequate 2 6.7% 0 0%

Moderate 19 63.3% 8 26.7%

Adequate 9 30% 22 73.3%

The data in a table 2 shows that preschooler mothers in experimental group had
30%adequate,63.7%moderate,6.7%,inadequate in knowledge in pretest, After having structured
teaching programmer in post test 73.3%adequate,26.7%moderate,0%inadequate in experimental
group.

32
 80.00%

70.00%

60.00%

50.00%

40.00%

30.00%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%
Category 1 Category 2

Pre test post test

Keys

Illiteracy
adequate

Moderate

Distribution of preschooler mothers based on pre and post test level of

Knowledge

33
 SECTION – 2
Comparison of mean pretest score and mean post test score of preschooler mothers.

N=30

TEST MEAN STANDARED ‘T’VALUE

DEVIATION
PRE TEST 10.56% 3.15%
POST TEST 14.33% 2.69% P>0.05

Significant at 0.05 levels.

To find out if there is difference between pre test level of score and post test level of score of
preschooler mothers the null hypothesis was started as,

Ho1:

The mean post test score related to concept of helminthic infestation will be significantly
higher than the mean pre test score related to the concept of helminthic infestation among
mothers of preschooler.

Table 3:

Predicts the mean post test knowledge score (10.56) since the obtained’ value is higher than the
table value, this shows that the structured teaching programme is effective among the
preschooler mother.

34
SECTION-3
Ho2 association between pre test and post test level of score of preschooler mothers and selected
demographic variables.

s.no Dimension Chi square value Degree of freedom

Pre test Post test Pre test Post test
1. Level of score 5.14 6.34 .355 .355

To find out if there is any association between the pre test level of score and post test level of
score is selected demographic variables such as, age, education and etc.

Table - 4:
Summarized that there was an association between the pretest and post test level of score and age
index obtain chi square value of 5.14 and post test 6.34 post test selected demographic variables
.such as education etc. So the researcher rejects the null hypothesis and accepts the research
hypothesis.

SUMMARY:

This chapter deals with achievement of objectives and testing of hypothesis formulated for this
study.By using structured teaching programme related to concept of helminthic infestation. It
helps to improve the knowledge among preschooler mothers and was effective teaching strategy
for the preschooler mother who was participated in the study.

35
36
 CHAPTER–V

DISCUSSION
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching
programme on knowledge related to concept of helminthic infestation among pre-schooler
mothers in selected A.Vellodu community at dindigul. The study finding are discussed in this
chapter with reference to the objectives framework and hypothesis stated in this chapter: 1

According to the demographic data the major findings were:

Most of the mothers 40% were between 20:25years of age.

66% of mothers studied up to higher school.

90% of mothers were not working.

Most of mothers 70%family monthly income was below 10,000/-

DISTRIBUTION OF PRE SCHOOLER MOTHERS

ACCORDING THE PRE TEST AND POST TEST LEVEL OF
SCORE

Table: 2

The data in table denotes score regarding helminthic infestation in pretest

9(30%) had in adequate, 39(63.3%) had in moderate and 2(6.7%) had inadequate knowledge.

Knowledge regarding helminthic infestation in post test denotes the 22(73.3%) had in adequate
8(26.7%) in moderate 0(0%) ha in inadequate knowledge.

Based on these objectives the following hypothesis was said:

H1-There will be significant between the pretest post test score regarding the knowledge
about helminthic infestation among preschooler mothers.

H2-There will be significant association between the selected demographic variables and
knowledge helminthic infestation among preschooler mothers.

37
 According to the study finding the main post test knowledge score of the pre schooled
mother 6.34 is higher than their mean pre-test score 5.14 obtain T value is 5.06,the T value is
higher than the table value the researcher rejects the null hypothesis and accepts the research
hypothesis.

TABLE: 4

Summarizes that there was an association between the pre-test level of knowledge and post
test level of knowledge and age obtain chi square value was 5.14 of pre-test and post test 6.34 in
selected demographic variables such as age, education, family income and types of family etc.,
of the preschooler mothers so the research reject the research hypothesis and accept the null
hypothesis.

SUMMARY:

This chapter deals with the achievement of objectives and the testing of hypothesis
formulated for the study by using structured teaching programme related to the concept of
helminthic infestation. It helps to improve the knowledge among pre schooled mothers and was
effective teaching strategy for the pre schooled who were participated in this study.

38
39
 CHAPTER-VI
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
This chapter deals with

 summary of the study

 conclusion
 implication
 recommendation

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A quasi-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching

programme regarding worm infestation among the pre schooled mothers at A.Vellodu in
dindigul.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To assess the knowledge regarding helminthic infestation among the mother of pre
schooled.

To find out the association between the mothers of helminthic infestation and demographic
variables.

MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY:

TABLE-1:

Reveals that the age of pre schooled mother 20-25 years is 12(40%0 between 25-30
years 8(26.7%) and 30-35 years is 10(33.3%),the education of the pre schooled mothers in
illiterate 2(6.7%), high school 20(66.6%) and college 8(26.7%), the family monthly income of
pre schooled mother RS25,000-is 8(26.7) below RS10,000 21(70%) above RS50,000 is 1(3.3%)
the occupation of the pre schooled mothers ,housewife is 27(90%),teacher 2(6.7%),office work
1(3.3%).

40
TABLE 2:

The data is label denotes regarding worm infestation in pre-test 9(30%) had in adequate
knowledge, 19(63.3%) had in moderate 2(6.7%) had in inadequate knowledge.

Knowledge regarding worm infestation in post test denotes that 22(73.3%), had in
adequate knowledge, 8(26.7%) had in moderate, 0(0%) had in inadequate knowledge.

Predicts that the mean post test knowledge score of the preschooler mothers (14.33%) is
higher than their mean pre-test scored (10.56%). The obtained T value is (5.026). The T value is
higher than the table value; the researcher rejects the null hypotheses and accepts the research
hypothesis.

Chi square was 6.34 in post test 5.14 in pre test.

NURSING SERVICE:

Nurse can conduct health education programme in the community.

Nurse can organize awareness of programme on worm infestation.

NURSING EDUCATION:

The community health nurse organic services education for VHI, ANM and CHN
regarding helminthic infestation symptoms and management among the pre schooled mothers.

The nurse educator can make the students to organize and conduct workshop and
role play regarding the management of worm infestation.

NURSING RESARCH:

The finding of the study can be effectively utilized by the emerging researchers for
the reference purpose.

RECOMMENTATION:

Similar can be conduct for a large group.

Similar study can be done in hospital setting.

41
42
 CHAPTER-VII

BIBILIOGRAPHY

BOOK REFERENCE:

K.PARK text book of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition BHANOT
publication 2015, page no.221-223.

PARUL DATA pediatric text book 2nd edition published by jaypee brother’s page
no.269-270.

C.MANIVANNAN text book of pediatric nursing 2nd edition published by emesis page
no.222-227.

JOURNALS REFERENCE:

CSSM Journals review government of India. A Newsletter on chide survival and safe
motherhood program no, 25 January 1995.

Dewan M Malnutrition is women stud home. Comm. sci 2008; 2.7-10.

Ghorbani J protein energy malnutrition prevalence in school children of zanjan city med
unizanjan 1998; 23; 24.8.

Mohamed EH meyem.F YOUSSET A Ahmed omal TA, Abodes. A Nutritheir metab

2010; 28; 73-76.

NET REFERENCE:

www.Indian pediatrics.net/jate.htm

htts;//www.ijppediatrics India.

43
www.iapindia.com/

www.japed.com/

www.ijras.com/

www.the jip.org/

44
45
 APPENDICES
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

1.Age

a)20-25yrs
b)25-30yrs
c)30-35yrs

2.Education

a)illiterate
b)high school
c)college

3.Family monthly income

a)25,000
b)below 10,000
c)above 50,000

4.occupation

a)house wife
b)teacher
c)office worker

46
 TOOLS

QUESTIONS:

1. What is helminthic infestation?

a) Lungs affected by unclean environment

b) Damage the blood vessels

c) Production of worms due to improper personal hygiene

d) All the above

2. What are the symptoms of helminthic infestation?

a) Vomiting b) fatigue c) diarrhea d) all the above

3. Who all are mostly affected by helminthic infestation?

a) Old age people b) children c) females d) males

4. What are the types of worms?

a)Round worm b)tape worm c)hook worm d)all the above

5. What are the causes of helminthic infestation?

a) Improper hygiene b) avoiding food c) decreased blood d) stomach pain

6. Which are the factors affected helminthic infestation?

a) Feces b) improper hand washing c) avoid foot wear d) all the above

7. Which is the size of worm?

a) 8-11mm b) 10-15mm c) 8-10mm d) 5-8mm

8. What are the environmental factors caused helminthic infestation?

a) Temperature b) rainy season c) moisture d) all the above

9. What is the causative organism of helminthic infestation?

47
 a) Staphylococcus b) influenza c) Escherichia d) nickobar&ancycloma

10. What are the steps to maintaining the environment hygiene?

a) Closed drainage b) washing cloths c) to clean the house d) all the above

11. Which organs the worm is replicated?

a) Lungs b) small intestine c) large intestine d) kidney

12. What are the nutritional management of affected children?

a) Bitter guard b) ion content food c) Tab. albendasol d) all the above

13. How many eggs are produced by worm infestation?

a) 50,000-10,000 b) 15,000-30,000 c) 10,000-30,000 d) 30,000-50,000

14. What are the complications of helminthic infestation?

a) Decreased RBC count b) increased death rate c) abortion d) all the above

15. What is the places helminthic infestation present?

a) Factory b) agriculture c) school d) college

16. What are the foods to avoid the helminthic infestation persons?

a) Avoid sweets b) fast foods c) spicy foods d) all the above

17. What are the ways to avoid the helminthic infestations?

a) Before eating proper hand washing b) avoid to play in the soil c) parent take care the
children d) all the above

18. When the helminthic infestation was eradicated?

a) 2010 b) 2015 c) 2005 d) 2018

19. Which are the organs affected by the helminthic infestation?

a) Lymph nodes b) lungs c) intestine d) all the above

20. What are the principles of parents about the children?

48
a) Cutting the nail b) daily bath c) hand washing techniques d) all the above.

49
 Flw;GO jhf;fk;

1. Flw;GOj;jhf;fk; vd;why; vd;d?

m) Rw;WGw J}a;ik ,d;ikahy; EiuaPuy; ghjpf;fg;gLjy;

M) ,uj;j Foha;fs; ghjpg;giljy;

,) Rj;jk; ,y;yhikahy; clypy; GOf;fs; cw;gj;jpahjy;

<) ,itaidj;Jk;

2. Flw;GOj;jhf;fj;jpd; mwpFwpfs; ahit?

m) the;jp M)Nrhh;T ,)tapw;Wg;Nghf;F <),itaidj;Jk;

3.Flw;GOj;jhf;fj;jpdhy; mjpfkhf ghjpf;fg;gLgth;fs; ahh;?

m)tajhdth;fs; M)Foe;ijfs; ,)Mz;fs; <)ngz;fs;

4.Flw;GOtpd; tiffs; ahit?

m)jl;il GO M)ehlhg;GO ,)nfhf;fpGO <),itaidj;Jk;

5.ve;nje;j fhuzpfspdhy; Flw;GOjhf;fk; Vw;gLfpwJ?

m)Rj;jk; ,y;yhik M)czit jtpj;jy; ,),uj;jk; Fiwjy;

<)tapw;W typ

6.Flw;GOj;jhf;fk; ve;nje;j fhuzpfshy; Vw;gLfpwJ?

m)kyk; M)iffOthik ,)fhyzp mzpahik <),itaidj;Jk;

7.Flw;GOtpd; msT vd;d?

m)8-11mm M)10-15mm ,)8-10mm <)5-8mm

8.Flw;GO ve;nje;j fhyepiyfspy; tsUfpwJ?

m) ntg;gepiy M) kiofhyk; ,) <ug;gjk; <) ,itaidj;Jk;

9. Flw;GOj;jhf;fk; ve;j capupapdhy; Vw;gLfpwJ?

50
m) ];nligNyhfhf;fy; M) ,d;;;;;;.:G@ad;rh ,) epf;Nfhghh;&Md;i]f;Nyhkh

<) v];n]urpahNfhiy

10. Rw;WGwj;ij J}a;ikahf itj;jpUf;Fk; Kiwfs; ahit?

M) rhf;filfis %bitj;jy; M)cilfisJ}a;ikahf itj;jy;

,) t{l;il Rj;jkhf itj;jy; <),itaidj;Jk;

11.Flw;GO kdpj clypy; ve;j ,lj;jpy; tho;fpwJ?

m) EiuaPuy; M) rpWFly; ,) ngUq;Fly; <)rpWePufk;

12.Flw;GO jhf;fj;jdhy; ghjpf;fgl;lth;fs; cz;z Ntz;ba czTfs; ahit?

m) ghfw;fha; M) ,Uk;G rj;Jepiwe;j czTfs; ,)my;gz;lNrhy; khj;jpiufs; <) ,itaidj;Jk;

13. Flw;GOf;fs; ruhrhpahf vj;jid Kl;ilapLfpd;wd?

m) 5000-10000 M) 15000-30000 ,) 10000-30000 <) 15000-20000

14.Flw;GOj;jhf;fj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; gpd;tpisTfs; ahit?

m),uj;j mZf;fs; Fiwjy; M),wg;G tpfpjk; mjpfhpjy; ,)fUfiyg;G <),itaidj;Jk;

15 .Flw;GO mjpfk; fhzg;gLk; ,lq;fs; ahit?

m)njhopw;rhiy M)Ntshz;ik ,)gs;sp$lk; <)fy;Y}hpfs;

16.Flw;GO jhf;fj;jpdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;lth;fs; jtph;f;f Ntz;ba czTfs; ahit?

M) ,dpg;G tiffs; M) Jhpj czTfs; ,) fhu tiffs; <) ,itaidj;Jk;

17. Flw;GO jhf;fj;ij jLf;Fk; topKiwfs; ahit?

m)rhg;gpLk; Kd; gpd; iffOTjy; M)kzypy; tpisahLtij jtph;jy; ,)ngw;Nwhh;fs; Foe;ijfis

guhkhpj;jy; <),itaidj;Jk;

18.Flw;GO ve;j Mz;by; mopf;fg;gl;lJ?

m) 2010 M) 2015 ,) 2005 <) 2018

19.Flw;GO njhw;wpdhy; ghjpf;fgLk; cWg;G vJ?

51
m) epzePh; Kbr;Rfs; M)EiuaPuy; ,)Fly; <),itaidj;Jk;

20.ngw;Nwhw;fs; Foe;ijfis guhkhpf;Fk; Kiwfs; ahit?

m)efq;fis ntl;Ljy; M)jpdKk; Fspj;jy; ,)iffis fOTjy; <),itaidj;Jk;

52