(4) 6) IRC:112-2011 unfavourable contributions, depending on direction of inclination of chords and the prestressing tendons shall be added to Ve, in Fig. 10.4, Vyg = Vey Voar Vong" Vy. with appropriate signs. In case of prestressed members the design prestressing force is considered as external load in the analysis and is accounted for in the analysis of the sectional shear V,. including its hyperstatic effects in case of indeterminate members. Further increase in force in bonded tendons due to cracking of conerets under ULS load only is to be included in the analysis of shear resistance of truss in the same way as that of untensioned reinforcement. In case of pretensioned members the reduction in the maximum developable force under UTS in prestressing tendons within development length shall be taken into account. For members not requiring shear reinforcement the net design force shall be taken as V,,ignoring components of inclined chords and increase in bonded prestressing force. 10.3 Design Method 10.3.4 Notation For verification of shear resistance, the following additional notations over those given in Section 3 are required: V, ‘eae ~ The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement. - The design value of maximum shear force which can be sustained by the member limited by crushing of the compression struts. The design value of the shear force which can be sustained by the yielding shear reinforcement. - Design value of the shear component of the force in the compression area, in the case of an inclined compression chord. - Design value of the shear component of the force in the tensile reinforcement, in the case of an inclined tensile chord, - The shear resistance ofa member with shear reinforcement = Vege VicatVig 85Vz - The design shear force at a cross-section resulting from external loading and that due to prestressing (V,,) (bonded or unbonded tendon) Vjs - _ NetDesign Shear Force = Algebraic sum of V,, V,,,and Vi, V,, = Shear componentof prestressing tendon. The following notations are adopted in the expressions given hereafter. 200 K = 1+[°- $2.0 where dis depth in milimeters. b, Minimum breadth of the section over the depth (Fig.10.2) by Width of the cross-section at the centroidal axis, allowing for the presence of ducts as per Eq.10.14 or 10.15 as applicable. A, Area of the tensile reinforcement which extends not less than (|,#d) beyond the considered section [Fig.10.5] \;<_Area of untensioned and tensioned stee! in compression zone. aw Area of shear reinforcement at a section First moment of area between centroidal axis and extreme ‘compression fibre about the centroidal axis. 1 Second moment of area of the gross cross-section. = J. Design value of the applied intemal bending moment 2 lg Applied longitudinal force in the section due to loading or prestressing with proper load factors (compressive force shall be taken as positive). The influence of imposed deformations on N,,may be ignored. Tensile force in the longitudinal reinforcement F, The compression force in the concrete in the direction of the longitudinal axis o,, Concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to axial loading or prestressing Fru ‘Design strength of web reinforcement used to resist shear limited to0.8//2,, 86IRC:112-2011 fg Design value of concrete compression strength = a. f,/%y where a, =0.67. Sug Design value of concrete tensile strength = (/,/7,) Su Characteristic axial tensile strength of concrete at a strain, 5 percent fractile of tensile strength S Spacing of shear reinforcement p, FAfbpd< 0.02 p, = —“2— where ais as defined in Fig.10.2(a). sb,.sina hy = Ie/Ipra $1.0 for pre-tensioned tendons, for other types of prestressing & =1. 1 is the distance of section considered from the starting point of the transmission length, Jy i8 the upper bound value of the transmission length of the prestressing element, /,, = 1.2/,, (for J, & ly. refer Eq.15.9 & cd Eq.15.10, Section 15) ,, Constant as defined below. For structural element having no axial force a, =1 For structural element having axial force When 0 < gp $0.25 fod =(l+0,/ fa) When 0.25 fod < ep $0.5 fea 1.25 When 0-5 fod < Sep S10 fod @,,= 2.5 (I-oy/ fa) When: Gz. _ isthe mean compressive stress, measured positive, in the concrete due to the design axial force. This should be obtained by averaging it over the concrete section taking account of the reinforcement. The value of s,, need not be calculated at a distance less than 0.5d cot q from the edge of the support. 4 isastrength reduction factor. 41) valueis given by » = v. Where vis given by Eq. 10.6. 87IRC:112-2011 2) Ifthe design stress of shear reinforcement is below 80 percent Of fyk value of vj can be taken as: v, 20.6 for f,,.80 MPa Sek =09-2k 50.5 o> for f,>80 MPa 10.3.2 Elements not requiring design shear reinforcement 1) The design shear resistance Va,,2 Veg 2) The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement V,.,, is given by: Ves [o.12K (Gop, fon) +0 150. | Dyed Subject toa minimum of vpac =Wmin +015¢¢p) by.d Eq. 10.4 200. K =1+/— <2.0 where dis depth in millimeters Eq. 10.2 and vin = 0.031K2/2 F412, Eq. 10.3 cp is limited to 0.2f,, (MPa) where Ocp=N,,,/ A, < 0.2,f,, (MPa) A P1597 50-02 (Fig. 10.5) - section considered Fig.10.5 Definition of A, in Expression p, 88ie Premuls Caner AERING Se Aine ER, ‘ Mees {eb Foor, Menfuehs [5 Nehrx Place *! Delhi “yom (3 b rupees 4 (3) (4) (5) 1S gs IRO:112-2011 A,,is the tensile reinforcement which extends by length greater than Inq +d beyond the section considered (Fig10.5). In prestressed single span members without design shear reinforcement both Zone B and Zone C may exist. For Zone C, cracked in bending, the expression for Vg, a8 given in Eq.10.1 can be used. For Zone B uncracked in bending, where the flexural tensile stress in the region under maximum bending momentis smaller than /.,,4./77q. the shear resistance should be limited by the tensile strength of concrete. In these regions, the shear resistance is given by. Vrde = era? there feat Eq. 10.4 Where notations are as per Section 10.3.1. Ty For cross-sections where the width varies over the height, the maximum principal stress may occur on an axis other than the centroidal axis. In such a case the minimum value of the shear capacity should be found by calculating V,,,. at various axes in the cross-section. The calculation of the shear resistance according to the Eq.10.4 is, not required for cross-sections between the support and the section which contains the intersection of the elastic centroidal axis and a line inclined from the inner edge of the support at an angle of 45° For members with loads applied on the upper side at a distance «, where cr, is within 0.50 to 2d. from the edge of a support (or centre of bearing where flexible bearings are used), the contribution of this load to the shear force V,, may be multiplied by # = «,/2d. This reduction may be applied for checking V,,,. in Eq.10.1. This is only valid provided that the longitudinal reinforcement is fully anchored at the support. For 1, < 0.5d the value «, = 0.5d should beused. The shear force V,.. calculated without reduction by f, should however always satisfy the condition. Veg $O.Sby clip Eq. 10.5 89IRC :112-2011 13.5 End Block Design and Detailing Requirements given in this clause are in addition to those given in Clause 16.11 on detailing. The overall design of the end block shall take into account the stress distribution based on elastic distribution of forces in uncracked section and suitable reinforcement shall be provided to take up the tensions respecting the crack width limitations. The bursting forces inthe end blocks, should be assessed on the basis of the ultimate tensile strength 13.5.1 Bursting reinforcement in end-block for post tensioned tendons 13.5.1.1 Externally mounted anchorage (1) Individual Square End Block The bursting tensile force, Fs existing in an individual square end block loaded by a symmetrically placed square anchorage or bearing plate, may be derived from Table 13.1 and Fig.13.1 Table 13.1 Design Bursting Tensile Forces in End Blocks Yeo! Yo 03 04 05 06 07 Fay! Py, 026 023 019 0.16 0.12 Note: For intermediate values linear interpolation may be made. where 2%, = is the side of end block. 2Ypo = is the side of loaded area. ‘When circular anchorages or bearing plates are used, the side of the equivalent square area should be used. = is the load in the tendon Fis, = isthe bursting tensile force. This force, Fs, will be distributed in a region extending from 0.2¥, to2¥, from the loaded face of the end block as shown in Fig. 13.1 Reinforcement provided in this region to sustain the bursting tensile force may be calculated based on a tensile strength of 0.87 Jy except that the stress should be limited to a value corresponding to a strain ‘of 0.001 when the concrete cover to the reinforcement is less than 50mm. 136