EXAMPLE WS3-1

A space is to be conditioned with a system as shown in Figure WS3-1. The space

temperature and relative humidity (RH) are 75 F (24 C) db and 50 % respectively. The cooling

load for the space is 68,000 Btu/hr (20 kW) with a SHF of 0.75. Outdoor air at 99 F (37 C) and

40 % RH is one third of the amount of air supplied to the space. The coil ADP is 50 F (10 C)

and air is supplied to the space at 80 % RH. The sum of the return fan power and heat gain to the

return ducts is estimated to be 4 horsepower (3 kW). (a) Find the quantity and state of the air

supplied to the space. (b) Determine the combined power for the supply fan and the supply ducts

heat gain. (c) Determine the capacity of the cooling coil.

SOLUTION – SI

(a) Using the attached Chart 1 (SI) which has been drawn using the ASHRAE

Psychrometric Analysis program, the supply air required is found by locating states 4 and 3 and

laying out line 4-3 for a SHF of 0.75. Then

Q 3
q = m a 3 (i 4 − i3 ) = (i4 − i3 )
v3

3
v3 = 0.82 m /kg; i 4 = 47.9 kJ/kg; i 3 = 34.2 kJ/kg

qv3 20 (0.82 )
Q 3 =
3
then = = 1.20 m /s
(i4 − i3 ) (47.9 − 34.2)

(b) State 5, the condition of the air leaving the return fan, is located horizonally to the right of

point 4 and is defined by the heat gain and return fan power. For simplicity it is assumed that all

of the return air is recirculated to the mixing box. Actually some of the return air is exhausted.

q 45
q 45 = m a (i5 − i 4 ) or i5 = + i4
m a

1
  a = 1.20 0.82 = 1.46 kg/s
q 45 = 3.0 kW; m

i5 = (3.0 1.46 ) + 47.9 = 50 kJ/kg

Then state 5 is located at approximately 26.0 C db and 17.7 C wb. State 0 can now be plotted on

Chart 1 and the mixing process solved for state 1 which lies one third of the distance from state 5

to state 0 on a straight line. Using states 1 and the coil ADP, the coil process may be drawn.

State 2 lies horizonally to the left of state 3 at the intersection of the coil process. Note that a

path has been assumed for the coil process that actually depends on the coil design and the type

and temperature of the cooling medium. However, for a thermodynamic analysis, only the end

points of the process are relevant and a straight line from 1 to ADP is sufficient. The sum of the

supply fan power and the supply duct heat gain is then

q 23 = q fan + q 2 '3 = m a (i3 − i 2 ); i 2 = 32.2 kJ/kg

and q 23 = 1.46(34.2 − 32.2 ) = 2.92 kW

(c)The total coil capacity is

q12 = m a (i1 − i 2 ); i1 = 59.2 kJ/kg

q12 = 1.46 (59.2 − 32.2) = 39.4 kW

2
 ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART NO.1
11 12
0 0
NORMAL TEMPERAT URE
30

R
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 101.325 kPa R

Copyright 1992 10
0
AM ER ICA N S OC IET Y OF HEA T ING , R EF RIG ER AT ING A N D A IR -C ON D ITIO NIN G EN GIN EER S, IN C .
28

SEA LEVEL 30

0 .9
∞ 1.0 1 .0 ∞

4
12
0 .8 1 .5 State t - 9C
0
RH - % i - kJ/kga v - cum/kga 26
0

-5. 0
0 37.0/25.5 40 78.0 0.90
0. 7
10 .0
2. 0
- 0.6 S E NS IB LE HE AT Qs 4 .0 -2.0 30
WE
T O TAL HE AT Qt ∞ T B
5.0
0.5
-2
-4.
.0
0
0.0
1 29.7/20.6 44 59.2 U LB 0.87
TE
MP
24
0. 4
-1
.0
2 80 11.9/11.2 92 32.2 0.82 ER
AT
UR
E-
0. 3

1 .0 °C 11

-0 .5
3 13.9/12.0 81 34.2 0.82
0
4. 0
0.2

-0.2
22
0
0.1

0 .9
4 24.0/17.0 50 47.9 0.85

2
5 26.0/17.7 44 50.0 0.86
3 .0

70
2 .0
25
2.5

20
E NT HAL PY
HU MIDIT Y RAT IO
∆h
∆W
ADP 10.0/10.0 100 29.4 0.81 10
0
25
60 18
R

EXAM PLE WS3-1 (SI)

AI

0 .9
Y
R

0
C
D

0
-°
F

16
O

E
R
AM

TU
R

50
A
G

20 90
ER
O
IL

P
K

EM
R
E

14
T
P

N
J

HUMIDITY RATIO - GRAM S M OISTURE PER KI LOGR AM D RY AIR

-K

TI
A

20
Y

R
LP

TU

0 .8
40
A

SA
TH

8
N

12
E

% 80
15 90 1
30 % 10
80
15
0 .8

4 5
6V

%
70
OL

8
10
U
ME

20 2 3 60
% 70
ADP
-C
UB
0. 8

10
0%
IC M
4

5 6

D RY BU LB TEMPERA TU RE - °C
5
ET
ER

40 %
PE

10 5
0 .8

Rk

4
2

3 0%
g

60
DR
YA
0 .8

20%
0

IR

2
0 .7

TIV E HU M ID ITY
1 0% RE LA
8

25
10

15

20

30

35

40

45

50
5

10 20 30 40 50
E NTHA LP Y - K J P ER KI LO GRA M O F DRY A IR

SOLUTION – IP

(a) Using the attached Chart 1 (IP) which has been drawn using the ASHRAE

Psychrometric Analysis program the supply air required is found by locating states 4 and 3 and

laying out line 4-3 for a SHF of 0.75. Then

Q 3 (60 )
q = m a 3 (i 4 − i3 ) = (i 4 − i3 )
v3

3
v 3 = 13.19 ft /lbma; i 4 = 28.2 Btu/lbma; i 3 = 22.4 Btu/lbma

qv 3 68,000 (13.19 )

then Q 3 = = = 2,577 cfm
60 (i 4 − i3 ) 60 (28.2 − 22.4)

3
(b) State 5, the condition of the air leaving the return fan, is located horizonally to the right of

point 4 and is defined by the heat gain and return fan power.

q 45
q 45 = m a (i5 − i 4 ) or i5 = + i4
m a

2577 (60 )
q 45 = 3.0 kW; m a = = 11,723 lbma/hr
13.19

4(2545)
i5 = + 28.2 = 29.1 Btu/lbma
11.723

Then state 5 is located at approximately 78.8 Fdb and 63.8 F wb. State 0 can now be plotted on

Chart 1 and the mixing process solved for state 1 which lies one third of the distance from state 5

to state 0 on a straight line. Using states 1 and the coil ADP, the line representing the coil

process may be drawn. Note that a path for the coil process has been assumed which actually

depends on the coil design and the type and temperature of the cooling medium. However, for a

thermodynamic analysis only the end points are relevant and a straight line from 1 to ADP is

sufficient. State 2 lies horizonally to the left of state 3 at the intersection of the coil process. The

sum of the supply fan power and the supply duct heat gain is then

q 23 = q fan + q 2 '3 = m a (i3 − i 2 ); i 2 = 21.5 Btu/lbma

and q 23 = 11,723 (22.4 − 21.5) = 10,551 Btu/hr = 4.1 hp

(c)The total coil capacity is

q12 = m a (i1 − i 2 ); i1 = 33.2 Btu/lbma

q12 = 11,723 (33.2 − 21.5) = 137,159 Btu/hr = 11.43 tons

4
 ASHRAE PSYCHROMETRIC CHART NO.1
55 60
NORMAL TEMPERATURE
R
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE: 29.921 INCHES OF MERCURY R

Copyright 1992 90
AMERICA N S OC IETY OF HEA TING , R EFRIG ERATING AN D A IR-C ON D ITIO NIN G ENGIN EER S, INC . 50 .028

SEA LEVEL
60

∞ 1.0 1 .0 ∞ State t - F RH - % 85 i - Btu/lba v - cuft/lba

1 5 .0
0 99.0/78.2 40 41.5 14.44
50 00 0 .8 .026
2. 0 -2 00 0
-
0. 6 SENSIB LE HEAT Qs 4 .0 -1 00 0

1 85.5/69.1 44 33.2 13.99

300 0
8 45
T O TAL HEAT Qt ∞.0
0 .5 -
- 4 8.0.0 85
-2. WE .024

2 53.5/52.2 92 21.5 13.10

0
0. 4 0 T BU
-1
200
0 .0 LB 55
TE
MP
3 57.0/53.6 80 22.4 13.19
0. 3

E
-0

80 RA
- 0.4

50
.5

TU
-0.3

0
0.2

RE
-0 .2
-0 .1

0 40 - °F .022
0 .1

4 75.0/62.5 50 28.2 13.68

15
00

5 78.8/63.8 44 80
29.1 13.77
1 000

.020

ADP 50.0/50.0 100 20.3 13.0

ENT HAL PY ∆h
HU MIDIT Y RAT IO ∆W 75
35 50

EXAMPLE WS3-1 (IP)

14 .5
.018

75
IR

0
A
Y

F
R

-°

70 .016
D
F

30
O

R
TU
D
N

A
U

ER
PO

P
M
R

45
TE
PE

70 .014
N
U

O
T

65
-B

TI
A

HUMIDITY RATIO - POUN DS MOISTURE PER PO UND DRY AIR

Y

R
P

TU

25
AL

SA
TH

.012
N
E

65

1 4 .0
60 %
90 1

VO
LU
.010
ME
% 40
20 80 60
55
-C
U.F
70
% 4 5 T. P

.008
50 55
ER

2 3 60
%
LB

ADP
.D
1 3 .5

45
R

15 50
YA

%
50 .006

DR Y BULB TEMPERAT UR E - °F
IR

40 35
45
4 0%
35
40
.004
30%
1 3.

35
0

20 %
.002
1 2.

IDITY
TI VE H UM
10 % RE LA
5

30

12 0
100

105

110

115
60

75

80

85

90
35

40

45

50

55

65

70

95

10 15 20 25
E NTHA LP Y - BT U P ER PO UND O F DRY A IR