FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

MEKANIKAL DAN PEMBUATAN

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

RAPID MANUFACTURING
BMMD 3543 REV :01

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 1

NAMES & MARINA BINTI MOHAMMAD B071710441

MATRIX NUMBER

COURSE 3BMMD S2/1

NAME OF 1. DR. HAMBALI BIN BOEJANG

INSTRUCTOR
2.

EXAMINER’S COMMENT VERIFICATION

STAMP

TOTAL MARKS :
REV NO DESCRIPTION DATE OF REVISON
01 Contents reviewed after 5 years 30/8/2018
02
03
04
QUESTION:
Integrated design environment enables the product developers to utilized CE tools and
technologies of additive manufacturing, reverse engineering and computer-aided-design.
Illustrate and describe the integration of these tools and technologies in product development
process. You may need to include a case study to explain the integration.

Based on the case study of “A Comparison Among Additive Manufactured Polymeric

Complete Dental Models Resulting from Intraoral Scans: an in Vivo Study”, the use of intraoral
scanners and additive manufacturing (AM) techniques in dentistry is increasing and these
technologies are integrated into daily workflows to produce different types of dental
restoration. The reproduction of mouth and teeth anatomy is importance in dentistry as it allows
for proper diagnosis, treatment planning and the manufacture of various types of restoration.
Before AM system even existed, models in dentistry created by impression making techniques
in which some impression material inserted in the mouth provided a "negative" mouth anatomy,
then poured to produce the final cast.

Meanwhile, there are currently several low-cost AM techniques available on the market
with interesting features and quality in the dental field. But, there is a lack of scientific evidence
on the quality of these low-cost systems in the dental field. This case study aimed to compare
the accuracy of complete dental models produced by using the three different AM techniques
from intraoral scanning to investigate their possible use in clinical dentistry.

TRANSFER AND MANUFACTURED ALIGN AND

SCAN THE JAW OF CREATE IN 3 SHAPE THE MODEL IN COMPARE THE
EIGHT PATIENTS DENTAL SYSTEM THREE DIFFERENT MODEL AND THE
2016 SOFTWARE AM SCAN

Figure 1: Process flow of making a comparison between AM techniques and intraoral

scanning.

With the existence of Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided
Manufacturing (CAM) systems, now they are able to replace most conventional dental
procedures such as making impressions and develop models. The help of Reverse Engineering
software (Geomagic Studio), forty-eight models (24 upper and 24 lower arches) were aligned
in intraoral scan for the eight patients. They had scans of upper jaws by using the 3 Shape Trios
3 colour intraoral scanner by the same operator and created by using the 3Shape Dental System
2016 software (Figure 1). Plus, the model prototype were made from different AM system
which is Photocentric LC10, Zortrax M 200 and Prusa I3.

Figure 1: Digital model of an upper Figure 2: 48 parts fabricated

jaw from using intraoral scans: cloud different 3D printers.
points to the CAD model.

Figure 2: 3 Shape Trios Figure 3: Photocentric Figure 4: Zortrax Figure 5:

Prusa I3
3 colour LC10 M200

From the 3D models in Figure 2 shows that, different method are applied to the
manufacture of the parts by joining the material, layer by layer. The models of Photocentric
LC10 are made from polymerising liquid resin and LCD screen while the Zortrax M200 and
Prusa I3 is using the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) method by melting a thermoplastic
polymer filament. After that, align and compared to each patient for each arch. If the alignment
“n points method” is performed, it is consider fixed. Each model have to have to select at least
five bilateral points which represent the “best fitting” algorithm.

Figure 6: CAD models were aligned with seven bilateral points.

 From the result of the case study, shows that comparison between CAD models and the
intraoral scans. From the statistical of view, it shows that the accuracy of the Zortrax M200
and Prusa I3 is undoubtedly higher than the Photocentric LC 10. Furthermore, this may not be
important from a medical point of view if we consider the difference amount of accuracy. In
this case, in some dental applications using the three AM systems which are compatible with
the reported accuracy.

(604 words)
REFERENCES

1. A Comparison Among Additive Manufactured Polymeric Complete Dental Models

Resulting from Intraoral Scans: an in Vivo Study.
Lucio Russo-Khrystyna Zhurakivska-Domenico Speranza-Angelo Salamini-Domenico
Ciavarella-Stefano Ciaramella-Massimo Martorelli - International Review on
Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) – 2018